title: The importance of drug combinations for effective control of hypertension.
abstract: The need for drug combinations in the management of hypertension arises from the fact that the majority of hypertensive patients need at least two drugs to control the blood pressure to below 140/90 mmHg. The importance of achieving such goal blood pressures is emphasised by longitudinal studies demonstrating that the achieved blood pressure is the main determinant of outcome and from population surveys in a number of countries that reveal that in general, less than 30% of treated hypertensive patients have blood pressures below 140/90 mmHg. Good combinations of antihypertensive drugs use agents from different classes with different primary actions so that the hypotensive effects are fully additive while side effects are minimised. The particular value of combining drugs for treating hypertension is that it permits the use of low doses, which in turn improves adherence to therapy and control of hypertension. Effective combinations for the treatment of essential hypertension and of systolic hypertension in the elderly are discussed, as are the potential advantages of fixed low dose combinations.
authors.affiliation: University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chalmers
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004232:Diuretics