title: Changes in thyroid function during development of thyroid hyperplasia induced by kojic acid in F344 rats.
abstract: To clarify the mechanism of tumorigenesis by kojic acid (KA), dose and time dependence of iodine uptake in the thyroid gland and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone levels were investigated in F344 rats fed a diet containing 2% KA. After 4 weeks, thyroid hyperplasia was apparent in males, associated with a decrease in (125)I uptake into the thyroid gland to only 3% of that in controls. The serum triiodothyronine (T(3)) and thyroxine (T(4)) levels dropped to 0.36 ng/ml, 1.7 micrograms/dl from the initial values of 0.61 ng/ml, 4.0 micrograms/dl and TSH increased seven times to 15 ng/ml. In females, the effects on thyroid weight and (125)I uptake were less prominent, although the changes in serum T(3), T(4) and TSH levels were similar to those in males. Time-dependent changes in serum T(3), T(4) and TSH levels correlated with the inhibition of iodine uptake in the thyroid. Inhibition of organic iodine formation was only observed after 3 weeks treatment. On return to the control diet, normal serum T(3), T(4) and TSH levels became evident within 48 h in both sexes. These data suggest that KA interrupts thyroid function, primarily by inhibiting iodine intake, consequently causing a decrease in serum T(3) and T(4). Increased TSH from the pituitary gland in turn stimulates thyroid hyperplasia, which is reversible on withdrawal of KA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Research, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. nfjm@ipc.hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsumori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011753:Pyrones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012737:Sex Factors; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005503:Food Additives; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D011753:Pyrones; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C011890:kojic acid