title: Plasmodium falciparum: population genetic analysis by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and other molecular markers.
abstract: Abderrazak, S. B., Oury, B, Lal, A. A., Bosseno, M.-F., Force-Barge, P., Dujardin, J.-P., Fandeur, T., Molez, J.-F., Kjellberg, F., Ayala, F. J., and Tibayrenc, M. 1999. Plasmodium falciparum: Population genetic analysis by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and other molecular markers. Experimental Parasitology 92, 232-238. The population structure of Plasmodium falciparum, the agent of malignant malaria, is uncertain. We have analyzed multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) polymorphisms at 7-12 gene loci in each of four populations (two populations in Burkina Faso, one in Sudan, one in Congo), plus one "cosmopolitan" sample consisting of parasite cultures from 15 distant localities in four different continents. We have also performed random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and characterized gene varia tion at four antigen genes in the Congo population. All genetic assays show abundant genetic variability in all populations analyzed. With the isoenzyme assays, strong linkage disequilibrium is apparent in at least two local populations, the Congo population and one population from Burkina Faso, as well as in the cosmopolitan sample, and less definitely in the other Burkina Faso population. However, no linkage disequilibrium is detected in the Congo population with the molecular assays. We failed to detect any nonrandom association between the different kinds of genetic markers; that is, MLEE with RAPD or RFLP, RAPD with RFLP, and so on. Although isoenzyme data show statistical departures from panmictic expectations, these results suggest that in the areas under survey, P. falciparum populations do not undergo predominant clonal evolution and show no clear-cut subdivisions, un like Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania sp., and other major parasitic species. We discuss the epidemiological and taxonomical significance of these results.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/IRD 9926, IRD, BP 5045, Montpellier Cedex 01, 34032, France.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Abderrazak
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bosseno
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Force-Barge
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dujardin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fandeur
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Molez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kjellberg
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tibayrenc
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007527:Isoenzymes