title: BCL-6-deficient mice reveal an IL-4-independent, STAT6-dependent pathway that controls susceptibility to infection by Leishmania major.
abstract: The BCL-6 gene negatively regulates Th2 responses as shown by the finding that BCL-6-deficient (BCL-6-/-) mice develop a lethal Th2-type inflammatory disease. The response of inbred mouse strains to infection with Leishmania major is under genetic control; BALB/c mice are susceptible and develop a progressive parasite burden, whereas most other common laboratory strains of mice are resistant to infection. We found that BCL-6-/- mice on a resistant genetic background (C57BL/6 x 129 intercrossed mice) were highly susceptible to L. major infection; they resembled BALB/c mice in terms of lesion size, parasite load, and the production of Th2 cytokines. BCL-6-/-IL-4-/- double-mutant mice were also susceptible to L. major infection and produced 10-fold higher levels of the Th2 cytokine IL-13 than IL-4-/- littermate controls. By contrast, BCL-6-/-STAT6-/- double-mutant mice were resistant to L. major infection despite also producing elevated levels of IL-13. These results show that STAT6 is required for susceptibility to L. major infection and suggest that IL-13 signaling through STAT6 may contribute to a nonhealing, exacerbated L. major infection.
authors.affiliation: Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sher
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Staudt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000502:physiology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018793:Interleukin-13; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494100:Stat6 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015847:Interleukin-4