title: A calcium signaling defect in the pathogenesis of a mitochondrial DNA inherited oxidative phosphorylation deficiency.
abstract: In recent years, genetic defects of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) were shown to be associated with a heterogeneous group of disorders, known as mitochondrial diseases, but the cellular events deriving from the molecular lesions and the mechanistic basis of the specificity of the syndromes are still incompletely understood. Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis depends on close contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum and is essential in modulating organelle function. Given the strong dependence of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake on the membrane potential and the intracellular distribution of the organelle, both of which may be altered in mitochondrial diseases, we investigated the occurrence of defects in mitochondrial Ca2+ handling in living cells with either the tRNALys mutation of MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers) or the ATPase mutation of NARP (neurogenic muscle weakness, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa). There was a derangement of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in MERRF, but not in NARP cells, whereas cytosolic Ca2+ responses were normal in both cell types. Treatment of MERRF cells with drugs affecting organellar Ca2+ transport mostly restored both the agonist-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the ensuing stimulation of ATP production. These results emphasize the differences in the cellular pathogenesis of the various mtDNA defects and indicate specific pharmacological approaches to the treatment of some mitochondrial diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinton
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Schon
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizzuto
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017243:MERRF Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017237:Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009840:Oligomycins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys / Q000235:genetics; D013841:Thiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D009840:Oligomycins; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys; D013841:Thiazepines; D002998:Clonazepam; C079032:CGP 37157; D006632:Histamine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D002118:Calcium