title: The phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX suppresses TNF-alpha expression in human adipocyte precursor cells: a possible explanation for its adipogenic effect.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is known to inhibit fat cell development in vitro and to be expressed in adipose tissue suggesting that it may act as an auto-/paracrine regulator of adipose tissue mass in vivo. We demonstrate here that endogenous TNF-mRNA expression of cultured human preadipocytes and adipocytes is suppressed by the unspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), which is frequently used to trigger the differentiation process. As assessed by the measurement of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, IBMX stimulated the differentiation of human preadipocytes in a dose dependent manner up to threefold but remained ineffective when cells were simultaneously treated with 1 nM TNF. These results suggest that the adipogenic effect of IBMX is mediated by suppression of endogenous TNF production.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Institute at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hube
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Röhrig
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hauner
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine