title: [D/D genotype of the gene for angiotensin converting enzyme as a risk factor for post-stent coronary restenosis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although intracoronary stenting has decreased restenosis rate compared to percutaneous balloon angioplasty, still a high number of patients develop in-stent restenosis, which is an entity primarily due to tissue proliferation. Experimental studies have indicated that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in neointimal hyperplasia. Plasma and cellular levels of ACE are associated with an I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene. Indeed, DD subjects have the higher ACE levels. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility that the I/D polymorphism might be related with in-stent restenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the ACE polymorphism in 48 consecutive patients who underwent successful implantation of an elective coronary stent in native coronary vessels and had a 6 month angiographic follow up. Restenosis (50% of the reference vessel) was observed in 23/48 patients. Patients with or without restenosis did not differ in demographic or clinical variables like diabetes, plasma cholesterol levels or in quantitative angiographic parameters such as vessel reference size or minimal lumen diameter after stent implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  I/D polymorphism was distributed as follows: 22.9% of the patients were D/D; 14.5% were I/I and 62.5% of the patients were heterozygous I/D. The presence of restenosis was strongly related with the I/D polymorphism: 81.8% of the patients with D/D genotype had restenosis, compared with 40.0% of I/D patients and only 14.2% of the I/I patients (chi 2 p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this limited cohort, homocygous D/D of the ACE gene was significantly associated with in-stent restenosis, whereas restenosis was infrequent in patients with the I/I genotype.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. eguarda@med.puc.cl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guarda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fajuri
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalil
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Illanes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vecchiola
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lazen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Irarrázabal
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ilabaca
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
vernacular_title: El genotipo D/D del gen de la enzima conversiva de la angiotensina como factor de riesgo de reestenosis post-stent coronario.