title: A fellowship in the USA: essential information for the Australasian medical graduate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been many recent changes to the immigration and educational requirements necessary to obtain both clinical and research positions in the USA. This paper describes these requirements in detail and examines the cost of obtaining a position.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive review of Medline and relevant documents from educational and immigration bodies is undertaken in addition to personal and peer experience of the processes necessary to fulfil educational and immigration requirements for funded medical positions in the USA. A cost analysis is performed based upon the latest charges for exam requirements and visa fees. A 'minimum' cost for fulfilling exam and visa requirements only and a 'likely' cost (which represents a more realistic appraisal of the expenses likely to be incurred) are investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This review shows that many recent changes have made the attainment of a position difficult and expensive. Much foresight and planning is required to obtain the necessary requirements for medical licensure and to obtain working visa status in addition to the application for the position itself. The cost analysis reveals that the minimum cost is $4050 (AU$) and the 'likely' cost is $8600 (AU$).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Australasian trainees and Fellows need to be fully aware of the difficulties and expenses likely to be encountered in order to make an informed decision with regard to overseas training in the USA.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. cozzip@mskcc.org
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Cozzi
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia; D001315:Australia; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration; D005550:Foreign Medical Graduates; D006801:Humans; D014481:United States