title: Comparison of three PET dopamine D2-like receptor ligands, [11C]raclopride, [11C]nemonapride and [11C]N-methylspiperone, in rats.
abstract: We studied the tracer kinetics of three dopamine D2-like receptor ligands, [11C]raclopride ([11C]RAC), [11C]nemonapride ([11C]NEM) and [11C]N-methylspiperone ([11C]MSP), in anesthetized rats by tissue dissection, ex vivo ARG and PET in order to clarify their characteristics for PET imaging. The in vivo affinity of the three ligands for the striatum ([11C]MSP > [11C]NEM > [11C]RAC) obeyed the in vitro affinity for dopamine D2 receptors. The affinity of [11C]RAC and [11C]MSP for the cerebellum was very low, but the affinity of [11C]NEM for the cerebellum was compatible to that for the cortex and was not to be ignored. Also the affinity of [11C]MSP for the cortex was relatively high. [11C]RAC showed the highest selectivity. The striatal PET image with [11C]RAC was clearer than that with [11C]NEM or [11C]MSP, but the activity decreased much faster than that measured by tissue dissection because of the partial volume effect. The striatal activity with [11C]NEM remained high and that with [11C]MSP gradually increased. [11C]RAC and [11C]MSP, but not [11C]NEM, showed a high accumulation in the periorbital region.
authors.affiliation: Positron Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan. ishiwata@pet.tmig.or.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D020891:Raclopride; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000502:physiology; D012457:Salicylamides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013134:Spiperone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D008024:Ligands; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D012457:Salicylamides; D020891:Raclopride; D013134:Spiperone; C039167:3-N-methylspiperone; C030265:nemonapride