title: [Arteriovenous malformations of the central nervous system. Analysis of 53 cases].
abstract: Fifty-three patients with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were studied. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 32.5 +/- 11.5 years (range 3 to 56 years); the sex ratio was male 1.9:1 female. The most common clinical presentation was intracranial hemorrhage, followed by focal neurological signs, headache, epilepsy, and acute deep coma. Fourty-three (82%) out of the total number of AVM were supratentorial and had the following distribution: 10 temporal lobe, 9 pariental lobe, 6 frontal lobe, 3 occipital lobe, 3 frontotemporal, 4 corpus callosum/pericalosal, 1 temporo-occipital, 1 temporoparieto-occipital, 6 deep-located (3 thalamic, 3 basal ganglia). Spetzler-Martin grade II was seen in 17 cases (32%), grade III in 21 cases (39%), and grade IV in 10 cases (19%). AVM-associated aneurysms were detected in 3 patients (5.6%). All three cases were middle artery aneurysms ipsilateral to AVM. Twelve (32%) out of 37 operated patients were submitted to embolization prior to surgery. AVM was totally removed in all cases except one. Embolization without posterior surgery was used in 11 patients; in 3 of them, embolization was partial. Two patients were neither embolized nor operated on. Three patients were, submitted to radiosurgery because they were poor candidates to embolization and/or surgery. Mortality rate was 1.8%. All patients returned to their normal life function after a period of recovery. Associated or isolated therapies should be individualized to each patient with AVM and is likely to provide results better than the expected outcome without any treatment.
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Ciências Neurológicas, Fundação Curitiba Pró-Base de Crânio, Hospital das Nações/Hospital Vita-Curitiba-PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Guiotoku
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramina
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pedrozo
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Meneses
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016634:Radiosurgery
vernacular_title: Malformações arteriovenosas do sistema nervoso central. Análise de 53 casos.