title: Activation kinetics of the K(+) outward rectifying conductance (KORC) in xylem parenchyma cells from barley roots.
abstract: The activation kinetics of outward currents in protoplasts from barley root xylem parenchyma was investigated using the patch-clamp technique. The K(+) outward rectifying conductance (KORC), providing the main pathway for K(+) transport to the xylem, could be described in terms of a Hodgkin-Huxley model with four independent gates. Gating of KORC depended on voltage and the external K(+) concentration. An increase in the external K(+) concentration resulted in a shift in the voltage dependence of gating. This could be explained by a K(+) dependence of the rate constant beta for channel closure, indicating binding of K(+) to a regulatory site exposed to the bath. Occasionally, KORC was observed to inactivate; this inactivation occurred and vanished spontaneously. In some of the whole cell and excised patch recordings, a stepwise increase in outward current was observed upon a depolarizing voltage pulse, indicating that several populations of 'sleepy' channels existed in the plasma membrane that activated with a certain lag time. It is discussed whether this observation can be explained by a putative subunit, which retards channel activation, or by a scheme of cooperative gating. A quantitative description of outward rectifying K(+) channels in xylem parenchyma cells is a major step forward towards a mathematical model of salt transport into the xylem.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Section of Plant Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wegner
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: De Boer
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004594:Electrophysiology; D001467:Hordeum / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D011188:Potassium