title: [Air seepage from endotracheal tube cuffs during anesthetic procedures. How to solve this problem without changing tubes? An experimental model using human tracheas].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate by an experimental model that a continuous medicinal airflow system giving a pressure of 30 cmH2O effectively stops leakage from endotracheal tubes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten tracheas with their main bronchi were removed from cadavers with no pulmonary disease. The tracheas were placed vertically and tubes previously perforated with increasing caliber needles were inserted and connected to a continuous flow system. The flow of medicinal air generated in the cuff was monitored with a flow meter and pressure was measured with a manometer. When a pressure of 30 cmH2O was reached, the trachea was filled with saline. We then observed the moment at which, when pressure fell, the saline began to leak from the bronchi. The levels observed were expressed as arithmetic means and standard deviations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No leakage was observed when the flow produced pressures above 10 cmH2O for 25 G caliber holes, above 15 cmH2O for 24 G holes, or above 20 cmH2O for 25 G, 21 G, 20 G, 18 G or 16 G holes. For 14 G holes, a flow producing pressures over 25 cmH2O were needed. Pressure up to 80 cmH2O was required to stop leakage from a scalpel cut.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that adjusting flow and pressure is a valid way to stop leakage from small holes. The method does not control leakage from large holes or cuts.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesia y Reanimación, Hospital de León, Gijón, Asturias.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Suárez Artamendi
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez Fernández
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González de Castro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabanal Guerrero
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bermejo González
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bronte Borraz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelegrín Arenillas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011312:Pressure; D012212:Rheology; D014132:Trachea
vernacular_title: Pérdida de aire en los manguitos de los tubos endotraqueales durante el procedimiento anestésico. Cómo solucionar este problema sin cambiar el tubo? Modelo experimental con tráqueas humanas.