title: Modulation of HLA-DR antigen and ICAM-1 molecule expression on airway epithelial cells by sodium nedocromil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test in vitro and in vivo the hypothesis that sodium nedocromil could modulate the expression of surface molecules on airway epithelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human bronchial epithelial cells, obtained from surgically resected bronchi, were cultured and stimulated with recombinant IFN-gamma in the presence of sodium nedocromil. The intensity of the expression of surface molecules HLA-DR and ICAM-1 molecules on bronchial epithelial cells in vitro, was quantified by specific antibody staining and flow-cytometry analysis. Furthermore, we studied the effect of the drug on airway inflammation in vivo and on allergic rhinitis patients sensitized to house dust mites. Nasal epithelial cells were collected by brushing, at baseline and 2 to 3 weeks after treatment with sodium nedocromil. The expression of HLA-DR and ICAM-1 molecules was measured by flow-cytometry, and the proportions of neutrophils and eosinophils "contaminating" the epithelial cells evaluated by light microscopy examination of nasal brushings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The enhanced HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression, induced by IFN-gamma, was effectively downregulated, in a dose-dependent manner, by sodium nedocromil. At all the concentrations tested (10(-9) to 10(-4) M), the inhibitory activity of the drug was stronger on HLA-DR than on ICAM-1 expression (P<.05, all comparisons). As compared with healthy subjects, patients with allergic rhinitis had a higher expression of HLA-DR (P<.05) but not of ICAM-1 molecules (P>.05) on nasal epithelial cells, and higher proportions of nasal eosinophils (P<.05). Treatment with sodium nedocromil downregulated the expression of HLA-DR (P<.05), but not of ICAM-1 (P>.05), and induced a mild, but not statistically significant, decrease of nasal eosinophilia (P>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that the antiinflammatory activity of sodium nedocromil may include modulation of surface molecule expression on airway epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lantero
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scarso
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Galietta
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spallarossa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D017835:Nedocromil / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D017835:Nedocromil; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma