title: [A clinical study of bladder cancer in adolescent patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have reviewed clinical characteristics of bladder cancer in adolescent patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1978 and 1997, we have experienced eight bladder cancer patients of 7 men and 1 woman under 30 years old. Two patients were less than 20 years old and six patient were more than 20 years old. We have reviewed initial symptoms, diagnostic methods, cystoscopic findings, methods of treatment, pathological findings, and prognosis of these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common chief complaint was asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopically, all tumors were papillary and solitary except in one case. All of tumors were superficial transitional cell carcinomas and treated with transurethral resection (TUR). Although the tumors in patients of less than 20 years old were pathologically grade 1 and 2, two cases of grade 3 tumors were found in patients more than 20 years old. The prognosis of these patients were good, for none of them was dead and the recurrence rate after TUR was 12.5% (1/8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We considered that characteristics of bladder cancer in adolescent patients were low stage, low grade, and good prognosis. But it was found that high grade tumors were contained in patients more than 20 years old.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hirosaki University.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kudoh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikuni
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kudo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011379:Prognosis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods