title: Local excision of rectal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selected clinicopathologic characteristics of locally treated rectal cancers are predictive of recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series review with median follow-up of 6 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight patients with rectal cancer who underwent local excisions from February 1, 1982, to December 31, 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Local and distant recurrence rates and overall survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall local recurrence rate was 14% (8 patients). There were no local recurrences among patients treated with chemotherapy or radiation. Of patients not treated, local recurrence rates were 33%, 5%, 45%, and 25% for T0, T1, T2, and T3 tumors, respectively. No clinicopathologic factor predicted local recurrence. Two patients developed distant recurrence. Overall survival was 98%, 93%, and 84% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In selected patients, outcomes for local excision combined with additional therapy may be equivalent to those for radical resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Schrock
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Welton
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors