title: Effect of different inhaled bronchodilators on recovery from methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children.
abstract: Two hundred fourteen children with mild to moderate asthma were studied to determine bronchodilator effects 5 min after administration of five different metered dose inhaler (MDI) aerosol formulations available in our country, and results were compared to placebo. Methacholine bronchial challenge was performed by the tidal breathing method, using increasing concentrations until a fall in forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) >/=20% was achieved (PC20). Immediately after FEV(1) had fallen 20% or more, children were randomly allocated into 1 of 6 groups to receive: salbutamol 200 microg (S), fenoterol 200 microg (F), salbutamol 200 microg + beclomethasone 100 microg (S + B), fenoterol 200 microg + ipratropium bromide 80 microg (F + IB), salmeterol 50 microg (SM), and placebo (P). The bronchodilator effect was determined by measuring FEV(1) 5 min after inhalation of medications. Nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis. The six groups were similar in anthropometric and in respiratory characteristics. All five inhaled aerosols containing beta-agonists caused a significant bronchodilator effect as compared to placebo. However, the effect was significantly greater in the groups treated with F or F + IB (P < 0.05) compared to other formulations. We conclude that the five types of aerosols used in this study are able to reverse methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction 5 min after inhalation of a bronchodilator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quezada
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallol
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers
chemical_list: D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride