[Cardiac manifestations of Takayasu's arteritis: apropos of 5 cases].
OBJECTIVE
Cardiac manifestations of Takayasu's arteritis are rarely reported in the literature. However, these symptoms are not rare and when they do occur, they determine the disease prognosis. Due to its frequency, its severe nature, and even sometimes diagnosis failure, high blood pressure is the major cause of cardiac manifestations. More specific cardiac manifestations of either coronary, valvular, or more rarely, myocardial origin may also occur.


METHODS
Analysis of five cases of Takayasu's arteritis and a literature review allowed evaluation of both the frequency and characteristics of this disease.


RESULTS
Four female and one male patients presenting with symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis, according to Fiessinger's score, were evaluated. Diagnosis of cardiac disease was based on clinical, echocardiographic and angiographic criteria. Four patients had related high blood pressure. Valvular manifestations were present in all the patients. They included mitral insufficiency (1 case); aortic insufficiency (2 cases), and both mitral and aortic insufficiency (2 cases). Two patients showed clinical manifestations of a myocardiac disease, and another showed coronary signs. Treatment did not involve surgery, including only antihypertensive drugs, nitrites, and diuretics associated with digitalin in case of cardiac failure. The disease outcome, including a 5-18 year follow-up, involved symptom decrease in all the patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite the rarity of cardiac manifestations in patients suffering from Takayasu's arteritis, symptoms of this disease should always be investigated, as these manifestations alter the prognosis. Aortic insufficiency is the most frequently encountered cardiac manifestation.
Abid-Allah
M
M
Département des maladies cardiovasculaires, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
Fadouach
S
S
Chraibi
N
N
Mehadji
B A
BA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors
Les manifestations cardiaques de la maladie de Takayasu. A propos de cinq cas.