title: [Intrarenal doppler flow analysis in patients with kidney transplantation and stable transplant function].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intrarenal arterial Doppler sonography is used in noninvasive monitoring of transplant kidneys with controversial results. With the application of the method on renal transplants with stable function normal values should be generated and pitfalls should be identified. METHOD AND STUDY SUBJECTS: In a prospective study doppler findings in 61 renal transplant patients with stable graft function were compared with measurements in native kidneys of 60 healthy controls. In all kidneys duplex Doppler studies of arcuate/interlobar intrarenal arteries were performed and both the resistance index (RI) as well as the pulsatility index (PI) was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of our study are summarized: 1. Transplanted kidneys have significantly higher intrarenal arterial flow indices in comparison to native kidneys: RI = 67 +/- 5% in allografts vs. RI = 57 +/- 5% in native kidneys; and PI = 123 +/- 21% in allografts vs. PI = 91 +/- 15% in native kidneys, respectively. 2. RI and PI increase with age in both the native kidneys and the allografts. However, the increase in the transplanted kidney correlates with the age of the recipient but not with the age of the donor. 3. Corresponding to the increase in RI and PI the blood pressure is significantly elevated in the elderly. 4. The degree of external pressure with the transducer on the graft has an impact on the intrarenal arterial Doppler findings and measurements obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intrarenal arterial Doppler findings dependent on various extrarenal factors. Using arterial Doppler sonography to evaluate transplant kidneys it is mandatory to take into account factors such as recipient's age and hemodynamic situation. External pressure with the transducer on the graft must be avoided. Once these factors were considered the intrarenal arterial Doppler sonography of kidney transplant is a valuable diagnostic tool.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum Innere Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg.
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Restrepo-Schäfer
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Schwerk
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prinz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Görg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine
vernacular_title: Intrarenale Dopplerflussanalysen bei nierentransplantierten Patienten mit stabiler Transplantatfunktion.