title: Production in vitro by the cytochrome P450 CYP94A1 of major C18 cutin monomers and potential messengers in plant-pathogen interactions: enantioselectivity studies.
abstract: The major C(18) cutin monomers are 18-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic and 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acids. These compounds are also known messengers in plant-pathogen interactions. We have previously shown that their common precursor 9,10-epoxystearic acid was formed by the epoxidation of oleic acid in Vicia sativa microsomes (Pinot, Salaün, Bosch, Lesot, Mioskowski and Durst (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 184, 183-193). Here we determine the chirality of the epoxide produced as (9R,10S) and (9S,10R) in the ratio 90:10 respectively. We further show that microsomes from yeast expressing the cytochrome P450 CYP94A1 are capable of hydroxylating the methyl terminus of 9,10-epoxystearic and 9,10-dihydroxystearic acids in the presence of NADPH to form the corresponding 18-hydroxy derivatives. The reactions were not catalysed by microsomes from yeast transformed with a void plasmid or in absence of NADPH. After incubation of a synthetic racemic mixture of 9,10-epoxystearic acid with microsomes of yeast expressing CYP94A1, the chirality of the residual epoxide was shifted to 66:34 in favour of the (9S,10R) enantiomer. Both enantiomers were incubated separately and V(max)/K(m) values of 16 and 3.42 ml/min per nmol of P450 for (9R, 10S) and (9S,10R) respectively were determined, demonstrating that CYP94A1 is enantioselective for the (9R,10S) enantiomer, which is preferentially formed in V. sativa microsomes. Compared with the epoxide, the diol 9,10-dihydroxystearic acid was a much poorer substrate for the omega-hydroxylase, with a measured V(max)/K(m) of 0.33 ml/min per nmol of P450. Our results indicate that the activity of CYP94A1 is strongly influenced by the stereochemistry of the 9, 10-epoxide and the nature of substituents on carbons 9 and 10, with V(max)/K(m) values for epoxide>>oleic acid>diol.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS UPR406, Département d'Enzymologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, 28 rue Goethe, F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France. franck.pinot@bota-ulp.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pinot
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Benveniste
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Salaün
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Loreau
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Durst
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007700:Kinetics; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008861:Microsomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids; C074110:9,10-dihydroxystearic acid; C013519:9,10-epoxystearic acid; D009249:NADP; C000521:cutin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A