title: In vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (Aloe barbadensis miller, Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor).
abstract: A plant polysaccharide, Aloe gel extract, was reported to have an inhibitory effect on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-DNA adduct formation in vitro and in vivo. Hence, chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides [Aloe barbadensis Miller (APS), Lentinus edodes (LPS), Ganoderma lucidum (GPS) and Coriolus versicolor (CPS)] were compared using in vitro short-term screening methods associated with both initiation and promotion processes in carcinogenesis. In B[a]P-DNA adduct formation, APS (180 micrograms/ml) was the most effective in inhibition of B[a]P binding to DNA in mouse liver cells. Oxidative DNA damage (by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) was significantly decreased by APS (180 micrograms/ml) and CPS (180 micrograms/ml). In induction of glutathione S-transferase activity, GPS was found to be the most effective among plant polysaccharides. In screening anti-tumor promoting effects, APS (180 micrograms/ml) significantly inhibited phorbol myristic acetate (PMA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity in Balb/3T3 cells. In addition, APS significantly inhibited PMA-induced tyrosine kinase activity in human leukemic cells. APS and CPS significantly inhibited superoxide anion formation. These results suggest that some plant polysaccharides produced both anti-genotoxic and anti-tumor promoting activities in in vitro models and, therefore, might be considered as potential agents for cancer chemoprevention.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Changan-ku, Chunchun-dong, Kyunggi-do, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kacew
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020074:Lentinula / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020940:Reishi
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C056612:benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adduct; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase