title: [Temporary dialysis access in patients with acute renal failure. Protocols of the dialysis centers in the Piedmont and Valled'Aosta].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A retrospective study was performed using a multiple-choice questionnaire in order to analyse the normal procedures and trends regarding the insertion and management of emergency dialysis access in patients with acute renal failure in 23 Centres in Piedment and the Aosta Valley, regions in the north of Italy with about 4.5 million inhabitants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The observation period ran from January 1996 to July 1997. A questionnaire with 19 main questions and 90 possible multiple answers sent to 22 Centres for adults and the only pediatric centre in both regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An analysis of the results showed that the most frequently used site in these regions is the subclavian vein (37.8%), followed by the internal jugular vein (32%), the femoral site (28.8%) and peritoneal catheter (1.4%); in pediatric patients, 5% used the femoral site, 10% the subclavian vein, 20% the internal jugular vein and 65% the peritoneal catheter. In 4 centres (18.2%), nephrologists do not position any type ofd access for acute renal failure. In 50% of centres, all doctors insert femoral catheters autonomously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some choices, such as the subclavian route, are open to criticism and may perhaps be linked to customary procedures used by anesthetists and intensive care specialists. Some centres only have relative automomy for insertion, and lastly some types of catheters and techniques are not used. The peritoneal catheter has been abandoned by adult centres as an access in acute kidney failure patients.
authors.affiliation: UOA di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore, Chieri.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cardelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stramignoni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Amicone
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Manzione
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biselli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gurioli
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Priasca
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grott
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000592:standards; D002404:Catheterization / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004630:Emergencies; D005268:Femoral Vein; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007558:Italy; D007601:Jugular Veins; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital / Q000592:standards; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
vernacular_title: Accessi temporanei per dialisi nei pazienti con IRA. Protocolli dei centri dialisi del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta.