title: Differential diagnosis of lymph node lesions. A semiquantitative approach with power Doppler sonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of power Doppler for distinguishing reactive from malignant lymph node disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, 48 untreated patients with palpable cervical lymph node enlargement (n = 211) underwent examination with power Doppler sonography. The perfusion sites were subdivided into three groups: central, peripheral, and hilar perfusion. In addition, the authors qualified the intensity of perfusion using a semiquantitative scale from 0 (no perfusion) to III (high perfusion). Finally, the overall perfused lymph node area was measured and the percentage of perfused nodal area was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Power Doppler sonography showed perfusion in 183 of 211 lymph nodes. Histologic examination revealed 67 reactively enlarged lymph nodes, 72 metastases, and 44 lymphomas. Reactively enlarged lymph nodes showed characteristically intense hilar perfusion (82.1%), whereas nodal metastases exhibited mainly peripherally located flow (84.7%) of grade intensity I to III. Lymph nodes invaded by malignant lymphoma were highly perfused, displaying color signals in the center as well as in the nodal periphery (90.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The perfusion patterns of lymph nodes provide useful additional information in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Charité, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Steinkamp
authors.forename: U K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Teichgräber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mueffelmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosten
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kenzel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Felix
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler