title: [Rupture of larynx or trachea resulting from injuries sustained at birth].
abstract: Four newborn boys developed respiratory insufficiency and pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema as the result of a laryngeal or tracheal rupture. These ruptures were due to birth injuries after difficult labour resulting from shoulder dystocia or a large lymphangioma and to a birth weight of at least 4500 g. The three children with shoulder dystocia also had a clavicular fracture, a Horner's syndrome, Erb paralysis or phrenic nerve paresis. Treatment consisted of surgical repair followed by a few days' intubation. The children with a shoulder dystocia recovered well, although in one of them a tracheal stenosis had to be resected a few months later. The child with the lymphangioma died from a bifurcation embolus. In newborns with respiratory insufficiency and pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema after a difficult delivery an emergency laryngotracheoscopy has to be performed to exclude rupture of larynx or trachea.
authors.affiliation: Academisch Ziekenhuis Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Bree
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Van Nieuwkerk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekkelkamp
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Sibarani-Ponsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haasnoot
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Mahieu
mesh_terms: D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007830:Larynx / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000209:etiology; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000209:etiology; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D012421:Rupture; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000209:etiology; D014132:Trachea / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
vernacular_title: Ruptuur van de larynx of de trachea als geboortetrauma.