title: The role of urine cytology in the assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of urine cytology in the investigation of men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in the absence of haematuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 336 men attending a LUTS assessment clinic, who had neither macroscopic nor microscopic haematuria. One sample of urine was collected for cytology. Those with suspicious urine cytology were investigated with intravenous urography and cystoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five men had abnormal urine cytology results; on further investigation one of them was found to have carcinoma in situ (CIS) and one to have a transitional cell carcinoma. Three had false-positive urine cytology results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A bladder tumour or CIS was detected in 0.6% of the population tested. The cost per cancer diagnosed was GB pound 2020. Urine cytology is a simple noninvasive way of assisting accurate diagnosis of men who have LUTS in the absence of haematuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Battle Hospital, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Pengelly
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Fawcett
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Malone
mesh_terms: D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*