Cytokines and the hepatic acute-phase response.
The acute-phase reaction comprises a variety of systemic changes in response to tissue injury and infection. Synthesis of several plasma proteins in the liver undergoes dramatic changes during the acute-phase reaction. These changes are mediated by the action of cytokines, mainly interleukin 6-(IL6-) and interleukin 1-(IL1-) type cytokines. The role of these cytokines is reviewed in detail. Attention is payed to the differences recently detected between the locally and systemically induced acute-phase response--in particular, the newest findings concerning the meaning of single cytokines. Also, changes in liver metabolic enzyme expression under acute-phase conditions are discussed. The impact of cytokine and cytokine-receptor knockout or transgenic mouse models on current knowledge is provided. The role of cytokines together with that of soluble cytokine receptors in the resolution of the acute-phase response is discussed.
Ramadori
G
G
Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
Christ
B
B
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D051381:Rats; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine