title: The "orphan" Na+/Cl(-)-dependent transporter, Rxt1, is primarily localized within nerve endings of cortical origin in the rat striatum.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that the striatum expresses very low levels of Na+/Cl(-)-dependent "orphan" transporter Rxt1 transcripts but contains high levels of protein. This study investigated the origin of Rxt1 expression in rat striatum. Striatal Rxt1 contents assessed by immunocytochemistry or western blotting were found to be significantly reduced after corticostriatal denervation but not after striatal or thalamic lesion with kainic acid or selective 6-hydroxydopamine-induced nigrostriatal deafferentation. Corticostriatal neurons retrogradely labeled by intrastriatal fluorogold injections were shown to express Rxt1 mRNA. Combination of anterograde biotin-dextran amine labeling of the corticostriatal pathway with Rxt1 immunogold detection at the ultrastructural level demonstrated the presence of Rxt1 in about one-third of the corticostriatal synaptic terminals and in numerous unidentified synaptic terminals. All the Rxt1-positive terminals formed asymmetrical contacts on spines. These data provide evidence that striatal Rxt1 immunoreactivity is mainly of extrinsic origin and more specifically associated with the corticostriatal pathway. Rxt1 appears as a selective presynaptic marker of synapses formed by presumably excitatory amino acid afferents, but it segregates a subclass of these synapses, thereby revealing a functional heterogeneity among excitatory amino acid systems.
authors.affiliation: CNRS-UPR 9013, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kachidian
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aïdouni
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El Mestikawy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kerkerian-Le Goff
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001710:Biotin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology*; D003714:Denervation; D003911:Dextrans; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016627:Oxidopamine; D050480:Plasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000166:cytology; D013565:Sympatholytics; D013569:Synapses / Q000737:chemistry; D013788:Thalamus / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003911:Dextrans; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050480:Plasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C489781:Rxt1 protein, rat; C079036:Slc6a17 protein, rat; D013565:Sympatholytics; C076397:biotinylated dextran amine; D001710:Biotin; D016627:Oxidopamine; D007608:Kainic Acid