title: MRI morphometry of mamillary bodies, caudate nuclei, and prefrontal cortices after chemotherapy for childhood leukemia: multivariate models of early and late developing memory subsystems.
abstract: Neurotoxic intrathecal chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) affects developing structures and functions of memory and learning subsystems selectively. Results show significant reductions in magnetic resonance imaging morphometry of mamillary bodies, components of the corticolimbic-diencephalic subsystem subserving functionally later developing, single-trial memory, nonsignificant changes in bilateral heads of the caudate nuclei, components of the corticostriatal subsystem subserving functionally earlier developing, multitrial learning, significant reductions in prefrontal cortical volume, visual and verbal single-trial memory deficits, and visuospatial, but not verbal, multitrial learning deficits. Multiple regression models provide evidence for partial dissociation and connectivity between the subsystems, and suggest that greater involvement of caudate may compensate for inefficient corticolimbic-diencephalic components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA. ciesiels@unm.edu
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Ciesielski
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Lesnik
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Benzel
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008326:Mammillary Bodies / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents