title: [Fornix of vagina suspension for cystocele].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bladder neck hypermobility causes cystocele in middle to old elderly women. We developed an easy and useful surgical technique for cystocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with cystocele (grade 2-4) were operated by fornix of the vagina suspension. Patients were placed on lithotomy position under general or spinal anesthesia. Lower midline or lower abdominal transverse incision was made to open the peritoneum and denuded vesicouterine pouch. Several nylon sutures were placed on the lateral side of exposed fornix of the vagina. These sutures were suspended to anterior layer of the rectus sheath. Fornix of the vagina was fixed to the rectus muscle, so the prolapsed bladder wall was pulled up in normal position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operating time ranged from 15-110 minutes (average 73 minutes). Ten patients of thirteen were successful up to 2-43 months postoperatively. Cystocele recurred in three patients of thirteen. Two patients was re-operated by the same method, but one of them recurred. Two of three recurrent patients had grade 4 cystocele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fornix of the vagina suspension for cystocele seems useful and promising because of easy procedure without serious morbidity, especially in elderly high-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of the Ryukyus.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimabukuro
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yono
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukouyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yonaha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hokama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Higa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*