title: Half nose with ipsilateral eye and ear anomalies and facial asymmetry: report of a case with cephalometric analysis and orthodontic treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unilateral nostril agenesis together with ipsilateral alterations of the eye, ear, and face make up a spectrum of anomalies. The aim of this study is to report a case in a Japanese girl, 14 years, 5 months of age. Cephalometric analysis is provided, and orthodontic treatment is discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral and frontal cephalograms were compared to a Japanese control group. Outcome of the orthodontic treatment was evaluated by comparing cephalograms taken before and after orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lateral cephalometric analysis showed a severely hypoplastic maxilla in both sagittal and vertical dimensions, coupled with a decreased posterior cranial base. The mandibular rami were asymmetric. The frontal cephalogram showed decreased cranial width and maxillary alveolar width, together with an increased interorbital distance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serial lateral cephalograms during the orthodontic treatment from the age of 14 to 20 years demonstrated no significant maxillary growth and some mandibular growth, coupled with labial tipping of the maxillary central incisors.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Motohashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004431:Ear, External / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D003765:Models, Dental; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods