title: Helicobacter pylori and intestinal metaplasia with its subtypes in the gastric antrum in a Saudi population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a close association between intestinal metaplasia (IM) and the development of gastric cancer as well as a relationship between Helicobacter pylori, IM, and gastric cancer. Our aim was to study the frequency and subtypes of IM in a Saudi population with dyspepsia, a population with a low prevalence of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endoscopic antral biopsy specimens were histologically studied for the presence of IM and H. pylori in consecutive patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for evaluation of dyspepsia. Hematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa stain were used to study IM, inflammation, and H. pylori, whereas Alcian blue, pH 2.5/periodic acid-Schiff and high iron diamine/Alcian blue, pH 2.5, were used to study IM subtypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred and seventy-eight consecutive patients were recruited in this study, 415 men and 363 women, with a mean age of 43 +/- 17.6 years. Of the 778 patients, IM was identified in 118 (15.2%). The mean ages of patients with IM (48.8 +/- 18.7) and without IM (41.9 +/- 17.4) were statistically significant (P < 0.0001), whereas the patients' sex did not influence the presence of IM. Most had type-I IM (59.3%), whereas 26.3% and 14.4% had types II and III, respectively. The overall rate of infection with H. pylori was 75.4%. There was no difference in the frequency of IM in patients with or without H. pylori (15.5% versus 14.1%; P = 0.65). Of the 118 patients with IM, the 91 patients (77.1%) who also had H. pylori were older (55 +/- 23 years) than those without H. pylori (47 +/- 17 years, P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has documented mainly that the prevalence of IM and IM subtype III is low in our population. Furthermore, we found no significant relationship between a high rate of H. pylori infection with either IM in general or with IM subtype III in particular, possibly accounting for a low incidence of gastric cancer in the Saudi population.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medicine, King Saud University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Knawy
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirdad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abol Fotouh
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saydain
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Seidi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shatoor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012529:Saudi Arabia