title: Cognitive deficits and psychopathology in institutionalized versus community-dwelling elderly schizophrenia patients.
abstract: We evaluated psychiatric symptoms and neurocognitive functioning among 25 institutionalized and 25 outpatient DSM-IV-diagnosed schizophrenia patients, as well as 25 middle-aged and elderly normal comparison subjects. All subjects were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, modified Simpson-Angus Extrapyramidal Symptom Scale, the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, and the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS). The two patient groups had similar levels of depressive symptoms, but the institutionalized patients had more severe positive and negative symptoms and were on higher doses of neuroleptic medication. The institutionalized patients had significantly more cognitive impairment on the DRS than outpatients and normal comparison subjects, particularly on the subscales of initiation/perseveration, conceptualization, and memory. Results are discussed in terms of the possible neuropathology associated with cognitive impairment in chronic schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego 92161, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Negron
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Paulsen
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Jeste
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000009:adverse effects; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002746:Chlorpromazine