title: Mammalian ELAV-like neuronal RNA-binding proteins HuB and HuC promote neuronal development in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems.
abstract: Hu proteins are mammalian embryonic lethal abnormal visual system (ELAV)-like neuronal RNA-binding proteins that contain three RNA recognition motifs. Although Drosophila ELAV is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons, the roles played by the Hu genes in the mammalian nervous system remain largely unknown. To explore the in vivo functions of mouse Hu proteins, we overexpressed them in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, where they induced neuronal phenotype in the absence of nerve growth factor. We have characterized the functions of various forms of mHuB and mHuC bearing point mutations or deletions. Mutants of mHuC that had amino acid exchanges in the RNP1 domain of the first or second RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) lost biologic activity as well as RNA-binding activity. In addition, the mutants containing only the third RRM failed to induce the neuronal phenotype in PC12 cells and inhibited the biologic activity of cotransfected wild-type mHuB and mHuC, thus acting as a dominant-negative form. However, these mutants could not suppress the nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells. Further, we misexpressed wild-type and dominant-negative Hu in E9.5 mouse embryos, by using electroporation into the neural tube at the level of the rhombencephalon. mHuB and mHuC induced the ectopic expression of neuronal markers, whereas the dominant-negative forms of mHuB and mHuC suppressed the differentiation of central nervous system motor neurons. From these results, we suggest that Hu proteins are required for neuronal differentiation in the mammalian nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroanatomy, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osumi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Darnell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067777:ELAV-Like Protein 2; D000067778:ELAV-Like Protein 3; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D017933:Peripheral Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development*; D010641:Phenotype; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067777:ELAV-Like Protein 2; D000067778:ELAV-Like Protein 3; C490264:ELAVL3 protein, human; C490170:Elavl2 protein, rat; C490263:Elavl3 protein, mouse; C490262:Elavl3 protein, rat; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins