title: MRI examination of the masticatory muscles in the gray wolf (Canis lupus), with special reference to the M. temporalis.
abstract: We examined the head of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) using MRI methods. Although the arising surface of the M. temporalis was not so enlarged in the frontal bone, the small frontal bone did not disturb the M. temporalis from occupying the lateral space of the frontal area in the gray wolf as in the domesticated dog. In the gray wolf, it is suggested that the M. temporalis may not be well-developed in terms of size of arising area, but in the thickness of running bundles. We suggest that the dog has changed the three-dimensional plan of the M. temporalis during the domestication and that the M. temporalis has developed a large arising surface in the frontal bone and lost the thickness of belly in the frontal area in accordance with the enlargement of the frontal bone and the increase in brain size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taru
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koie
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaya
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019596:Wolves / Q000033:anatomy & histology*