title: One-mile run performance and cardiovascular fitness in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endurance run tests are administered in schools to assess cardiovascular fitness, defined in the laboratory as maximum oxygen consumption.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the validity of this concept, assessing the influences of body fat and maximum values of oxygen consumption per unit time, stroke volume, heart rate, and arteriovenous oxygen difference on 1-mile (1.6-km) run time in healthy sixth-grade boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 36 boys with a mean (SD) age of 12.2 (0.5) years. The relationship was examined between body fat content (estimated by skinfold measurements) and maximum oxygen consumption per kilogram and cardiac variables (during maximum cycle testing) with 1-mile run velocity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body fat content and maximum oxygen consumption per kilogram (independent of body fat) accounted for 31% and 28% of the variance in run velocity, respectively. Stroke volume was the only component of maximum oxygen consumption that related to run performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that cardiovascular fitness and body fat content contribute equally to 1-mile run time in healthy boys and together account for only 60% of the variance in performance on this endurance fitness test. Consequently, 1-mile run performance in children may not serve as a strong indicator of cardiovascular fitness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Mass 01199, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kline
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goff
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrone
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D014481:United States