title: [Minimally invasive coronary artery surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a growing interest to perform a left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) on a beating heart through a minimally invasive access to the chest cavity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report the experience with minimally invasive coronary artery surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of 11 patients aged 48 to 79 years old with single vessel disease that, between 1996 and 1997, had a LIMA graft to the LAD performed through a minimally invasive left anterior mediastinotomy, without cardiopulmonary bypass. A 6 to 10 cm left parasternal incision was done. The LIMA to the LAD anastomosis was done after pharmacological heart rate and blood pressure control and a period of ischemic pre conditioning. Graft patency was confirmed intraoperatively by standard Doppler techniques. Patients were followed for a mean of 11.6 months (7-15 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were extubated in the operating room and transferred out of the intensive care unit on the next morning. Seven patients were discharged on the third postoperative day. Duplex scanning confirmed graft patency in all patients before discharge; in two patients, it was confirmed additionally by arteriography. There was no hospital mortality, no perioperative myocardial infarction and no bleeding problems. After follow up, ten patients were free of angina, in functional class I and pleased with the surgical and cosmetic results. One patient developed atypical angina on the seventh postoperative month and a selective arteriography confirmed stenosis of the anastomosis. A successful angioplasty of the original LAD lesion was carried out.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A minimally invasive left anterior mediastinotomy is a good surgical access to perform a successful LIMA to LAD graft without cardiopulmonary bypass, allowing a shorter hospital stay and earlier postoperative recovery. However, a larger experience and a longer follow up is required to define its role in the treatment of coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zalaquett
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Irarrázaval
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morán
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maturana
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Medel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lema
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Canessa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cruz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*
vernacular_title: Cirugía coronaria mínimamente invasiva.