title: Antimicrobial, antitumor and antileishmania screening of medicinal plants from Guinea-Bissau.
abstract: Following an ethnobotanical search carried out in Guinea-Bissau, eighteen extracts derived from sixteen medicinal species were screened for antimicrobial, antitumor and antileishmania activity. Significant antitumor activity was found for Holarrhena floribunda against KB (squamous carcinoma), SK-Mel 28 (melanoma), A 549 (lung carcinoma) and MDA-MB 231 (mamma carcinoma) cell lines, with corresponding IC50 values of 7.9, 9.0, 3.4 and 9.9 micrograms/ml. Khaya senegalensis and Anthostema senegalense exhibited a significant activity against Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 9.8 and 9.1 micrograms/ml, respectively. Most of the extracts showed week or moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity, with MIC values in the range 0.25-1.0 mg/ml. Active extracts were submitted to bioassay-guided fractionation, and the IC50 and MIC of the active fractions were determined.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kayser
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Bindseil
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siems
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seemann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frevert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006169:Guinea-Bissau; D006801:Humans; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts