title: Effects of HIV co-infection and chemotherapy on the urinary levels of nitric oxide metabolites in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: The presence of nitric oxide (NO) and its role as a factor in host defence against intracellular pathogens in human macrophages is controversial. We measured the metabolites of NO (nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-)) in urine from Ethiopian patients suffering from tuberculosis. The urinary level of NO2-/NO3- in a group of healthy Ethiopians was 1020+/-471 microM (n = 22). Untreated HIV negative patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (1574+/-588 microM, p<0.01, n = 12) and household contacts to tuberculosis patients (1949+/-812 microM, p = 0.006, n = 7) had significantly higher levels of urinary NO2-/NO3- than the control group. Untreated HIV positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis did not have increased levels of urinary NO2-/NO3- (1101+/-614 microM, n = 6). Some of the HIV negative untreated patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (1710+/-519 microM, n = 6) were followed up after treatment and showed a reduction in the levels of urinary NO2-/NO3- 1 week after treatment (945+/-599 microM, p<0.05). We conclude that HIV negative patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis have increased urinary levels of nitric oxide metabolites with a reduction following specific anti-tuberculous chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schön
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gebre
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sundqvist
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aderaye
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Britton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005002:Ethiopia; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000652:urine*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000652:urine*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide