title: Cytokeratins expression in paragangliomas of the cauda equina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paragangliomas rarely involve the cauda equina region. In this location, these tumors can show misleading morphological features such as trabecular or papillary growth patterns and variable expression of cytokeratins.
  
  
  METHODS
  We comparatively studied the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural patterns of 3 paragangliomas of the cauda equina (PCE) and of 8 paragangliomas from other sites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the paragangliomas expressed neuroendocrine markers (neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and neurofilament protein). In PCE, chief cells exhibited a strong positivity with a broad spectrum anti-cytokeratin antibody. The staining was diffuse in the cytoplasm or had a paranuclear dot-like disposition. In other sites, only one paraganglioma showed a focal expression of cytokeratins. At ultrastructural level, chief cells of PCE contained characteristic dense core granules and intermediate-sized filaments sometimes grouped in paranuclear whorls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dual immunophenotype of PCE, paraganglionic and epithelial, must be recognized in order to distinguish these tumors from, for example, a metastasis of a neuroendocrine carcinoma. PCE are slow-growing tumors and have mostly a favorable prognosis after complete surgical excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Dupuytren Hospital, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Labrousse
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Leboutet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paraf
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Boncoeur-Martel
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Moreau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Catanzano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002420:Cauda Equina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D007633:Keratins