title: TMD in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome: a comparison with temporomandibular clinic cases and controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (1 degree SS), analyze the impact of the disease on mandibular function, and assess psychosocial distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-three subjects, 60 women and 3 men, participated in the study; 21 1 degree SS patients were compared with age-matched and gender-matched groups of TMD subjects and controls. Patients were examined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that the subjective, clinical, and radiographic signs of TMD are not more common in patients with 1 degree SS than in controls. The impact of the autoimmune disease on mandibular function, e.g., speech and chewing ability, revealed limitations in oral functioning similar to those in patients with TMD pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both 1 degree SS and chronic TMD may be associated with appreciable physical discomfort and psychosocial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms of the oral dysfunction of 1 degree SS and TMD are quite different and essentially unrelated.
authors.affiliation: TMD Unit, Specialist Centre of Oral Rehabilitation, Linköping, Sweden. Thomas.List@oralrehab.ftv.lio.se
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: List
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stenström
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lundström
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Dworkin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010173:Palpation; D011788:Quality of Life; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D012919:Social Behavior; D013016:Sound; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology