title: Successful intrathecal ethanol block for intractable spasticity of AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the efficacy of intrathecal ethanol block to relieve intractable spasticity in AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) when long-term intrathecal baclofen infusion cannot be used.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 33-year-old man with AIDS-related PML developed very severe spastic paraparesis (Ashworth rigidity score, 4) and painful muscle spasms. The patient was unable to sit in his wheelchair and remained bed bound. Combined oral baclofen and tizanidine at therapeutical doses were used without any effect on the spasticity. The patient refused the placement of an intrathecal catheter for long-term baclofen infusion. A single intrathecal ethanol (6 ml) injection in the L2-L3 intervertebral space with the patient placed in a lateral Trendelenburg (40 C) position was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedure was very effective in improving the stiffness (Ashworth rigidity score. 2, after the technique) and the muscle spasms disappeared. No side effects during or after the injection were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrathecal ethanol block is a last but very useful choice for treatment of intractable spasticity in PML and other neurologic disorders in AIDS patients when other oral treatments have failed and intrathecal baclofen infusion is not suitable.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo University Medical School, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Asensi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Asensi
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carton
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Maradona
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oña
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aréchaga
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol