title: Bivalent cholera and typhoid vaccine.
abstract: The live attenuated vaccine strains Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR and Salmonella typhi Ty21a can be combined into an oral bivalent vaccine without compromising the immunogenicity of the individual vaccine strains. Seroconversion rates of 87 to 94% for Inaba vibriocidal antibodies and 72 to 91% for anti-S. typhi lipopolysaccharide antibodies (IgG or IgA) were reported in healthy European volunteers receiving a bivalent CVD 103-HgR/Ty21a vaccine-based schedule (bivalent vaccine on day 1 and monovalent Ty21a vaccine on days 3 and 5). The immunogenicity of bivalent CVD 103-HgR/Ty21a vaccine is not adversely affected by concomitant administration of mefloquine, yellow fever vaccine or oral polio vaccine. Chloroquine may reduce the immunogenicity of the CVD 103-HgR component and proguanil may reduce the immunogenicity of the Ty21a component. Bivalent CVD 103-HgR/Ty21a vaccine does not adversely affect the immunogenicity of the yellow fever YF 17D vaccine. The type, incidence and severity of adverse events seen in individuals receiving bivalent CVD 103-HgR/Ty21a vaccine-based schedules are similar to those that occur with the monovalent vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noble
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002771:Cholera / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D017778:Vaccines, Combined