title: Airway responses to histamine aerosol in clinically normal foods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the spectrum of nonspecific airway reactivity in a group of clinically normal foals.
  
  
  METHODS
  12 clinically normal mixed-breed foals, 48 to 92 days old, without history of clinical lung disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonspecific airway reactivity was determined by measuring the extent of changes in dynamic compliance during nebulization of incrementally increasing concentrations of histamine aerosol. Degree of airway reactivity was expressed as the dose of histamine that evoked a decrease in dynamic compliance (Cdyn) to 65% of the after saline nebulization value (PC65Cdyn) or increase in pulmonary resistance (R(L)) to 135% of baseline (PC135R(L)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all foals, it was possible to induce a decrease in Cdyn in dose-dependent manner to < or = 65% of baseline. Response of foals in terms of R(L) was more erratic, and, in 1 foal, R(L) decreased after histamine exposure. Mean+/-SD PC65Cdyn was 5.43+/-1.74 (range, 0.77 to 19.56) mg/ml, and mean PC135R(L) was 3.34+/-1.52 (range, -0.749 to 17.35) mg/ml. Body weight was not correlated to baseline Cdyn, R(L), PC65Cdyn, or PC135R(L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically normal foals had a wide range of airway reactivity, which may contribute to variation in clinical responses of foals to otherwise similar stimuli, such as infection, inflammation, and challenge exposure with environmental irritants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Couetil
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D006632:Histamine