title: Does a shift in the T-cell receptor repertoire precede the onset of MS?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Utz et al., in a study of identical twins discordant for MS, showed that antigen-stimulated T cells from the MS twins have a major shift in their T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires when compared with the healthy twins. We hypothesized that a shift in the TCR repertoire precedes the onset of MS and tested this hypothesis by studying unstimulated naive T cells because the TCR repertoires of these cells are largely unaffected by disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether unstimulated naive T cells from MS patients have a detectable shift in their TCR repertoires.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the TCR J beta (TCRBJ) repertoires of naive T cells from identical twin pairs discordant for MS, healthy identical twin pairs, healthy unrelated pairs, and unrelated MS patient pairs. The correlation coefficient (r value) was used as a measure of similarity of TCRBJ repertoires in each pair of individuals. Fisher's z transformation was then used to test for the significance of the difference between the r values from different pairs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TCRBJ repertoires of the discordant MS twin pairs were significantly different from those of the healthy identical twin pairs, whereas MS patient pairs had TCRBJ repertoires similar to those of the healthy unrelated pairs formed from healthy twin pairs and discordant MS twin pairs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MS patients have a major shift in their naive T-cell TCRBJ repertoires compared with healthy individuals, implying that this shift precedes the disease onset. This shift could represent the nongenetic factor that explains MS discordance in genetically identical individuals.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Haegert
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gadag
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Connor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell