title: [Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in hemangioma and vascular malformations].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to compare the proliferative activity of endothelial cells of various types of hemangiomas and vascular malformations in different phases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one specimens of hemangiomas or vascular malformations from biopsy or operative resection were stained with immunohistochemical method for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The proliferative activity of endothelial cells was expressed by labeling index (LI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCNA was positive in all of proliferating strawberry, composite hemangiomas and some of cavernous hemangiomas in children. PCNA was negative in all of adult involuted hemangiomas and some of cavernous hemangiomas in children. There were no statistically significant differences in labeling indices of PCNA between various types of proliferating hemangiomas in children while there were statistically significant differences between child proliferating hemangiomas and involuted hemangiomas in children or all of adult hemangiomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results may be helpful to answer some bewildering questions about hemangiomas and provide a basis for new classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai 2nd Medical University.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen