title: Probability of non-response during interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  About 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C do not respond to interferon therapy and this failure is expensive. The aim of this study was to identify possible predictive factors of biochemical non-response during interferon therapy among biochemical, virological (HCV genotype), histological (Knodell's score) and pharmacokinetic (monoethylglycinexylidide formation test) pre-treatment parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study included 60 patients with chronic hepatitis C undergoing a course of Interferon therapy. Patients whose serum ALT levels were normal at the 3rd month of therapy and remained so until the end of treatment were regarded as responders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analysis, only the gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and the gamma-GT/alanine aminotranferase ratio were significantly higher in non-responder patients. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high gamma-GT levels, high histological activity index, low monoethylglycinexylidide formation rate and viral genotype 1 were the best combination for the identification of non-responder patients (16.7% error rate). By adding alanine aminotranferase modification at the 1st month of therapy the probability error was reduced to 5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the combination of biochemical, histological, virological and pharmacokinetic pre-treatment variables, associated with alanine aminotranferase modification at the 1st month of therapy, can predict non-response to interferon and allow therapeutic modifications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picciotto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Risso
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caglieris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fasoli
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Lantieri
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Icardi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lapertosa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Celle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase