title: Iron enhancement of experimental infection of mice by Tritrichomonas foetus.
abstract: The ability of a microbial invader to acquire iron from its vertebrate host has been recognized as an important virulence mechanism in some pathogenic bacteria. We examined the involvement of similar mechanisms in an experimental infection of mice by a protozoan pathogen of cattle, Tritrichomonas foetus. In a series of experiments, outbred ICR mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with two strains of T. foetus, the moderately virulent KV-1 (approximately 5% mortality rate) and the highly virulent LUB-1MIP (approximately 80% mortality rate). Treatment of mice with ferric ammonium citrate (FeAC) (100 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally) increased the mortality rate caused by the KV-1 infection up to the level determined for the highly virulent strain. The treatment effect was dose dependent and required early administration of FeAC after inoculation of parasites and its continued supply for at least 3 subsequent days. Daily sampling of peritoneal exudate showed that the infection-enhancing effect of iron overload was associated with a stimulation of parasite multiplication, which in the case of KV-1 infection was strongly suppressed in untreated mice. Consistent with these findings, the strain of lower virulence (KV-1) showed considerably lower efficiency accumulating radiolabeled iron from transferrin and a low-molecular source [Fe(III)nitrilotriacetic acid] in vitro. The results indicate an involvement of iron uptake mechanisms by the parasite as a virulence factor in T. foetus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. kulda@natur.cuni.cz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poislová
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suchan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tachezy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011528:Protozoan Infections / Q000401:mortality* / Q000469:parasitology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016835:Tritrichomonas foetus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014168:Transferrin; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D007501:Iron; D007781:Lactoferrin; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid; C013531:ferric ammonium citrate; C020326:ferric nitrilotriacetate