title: Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and enzymes of arginine metabolism in Fusarium kyushuense-exposed mouse lung.
abstract: Expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and related enzymes of arginine metabolism in the mouse lung exposed to filamentous fungus Fusarium kyushuense was studied by RNA blot, immunoblot, and histological analyses. When mice were exposed intranasally to the fungi only once, no induction of iNOS mRNA was observed. However, when the animals were infected again 6 days after the first exposure, iNOS mRNA was induced, reached a maximum 12-24 h after the exposure, and decreased to an undetectable level at 48 h. mRNAs for cationic amino acid transporter-2 (CAT2) and argininosuccinate synthetase were induced gradually, reached a maximum at 24 h, and decreased at 48 h. Arginase II mRNA increased at 24 h and decreased markedly at 48 h. On the other hand, arginase I mRNA started to increase at 24 h and reached to a much higher level at 48 h. Ornithine decarboxylase and ornithine aminotransferase mRNAs were also induced. Immunoblot analysis showed that iNOS, argininosuccinate synthetase, and arginase I and II proteins were induced with similar kinetics as those of their respective mRNAs. In histological examination, fungal elements were observed in the bronchoalveolar lumen at 3-6 h, decreased at 12 h, and almost disappeared at 48 h. Small granuloma appeared 3 h after the infection and their size increased with time. These results suggest that NO is produced in the mouse lung in response to F. kyushuense exposure and that the NO production is regulated by CAT2, the citrulline-NO cycle, and arginase isoforms. Enhanced synthesis of polyamines and proline (and thus collagen) is also suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeya
authors.lastname: Salimuddin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; D000818:Animals; D001119:Arginase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism*; D001124:Argininosuccinate Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002956:Citrulline / Q000378:metabolism; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D005670:Fusarium; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009953:Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002956:Citrulline; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D009953:Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase; D001119:Arginase; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D001124:Argininosuccinate Synthase