title: The sialyl Lewis X analogue, CY-1503, down-regulates leucocyte-endothelium interactions and the inflammatory response.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate mechanisms of protection of ischaemic liver with the sialyl Lewis X analogue CY-1503 by regulation of inflammatory mediators such as oxygen free radicals and cytokines as well as blocking the migration of leucocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Teaching hospital, Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  122 male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups: normal (n = 18), sham-operated (n = 28), ischaemic controls (n = 38), and CY-1503 (n = 38).
  
  
  METHODS
  Warm total hepatic ischaemia for 90 minutes followed by various periods of reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survival, liver histology, liver function, neutrophil infiltration, and free radical and cytokine concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2/20 ischaemic controls survived, compared with 14/20 given CY-1503. Liver function was better, as was histological appearance judged by the Suzuki score); myeloperoxidase activity was significantly decreased (n = 6 in each group, p<0.01) as were concentrations of free radicals (n = 12 in each group, p<0.05) in the group given CY-1503. CY-1503 had no effect on concentrations of the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin 1-alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CY-1503 exerts a protective effect in that it able to down-regulate concentrations of free radicals in our rat model. It is a potent inhibitor of neutrophil migration, but has no effect on cytokine concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: García-Criado
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Valdunciel-García
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos-Boyero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Fernández
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zambrano-Cuadrado
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gonzalo-Iglesias
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lozano-Sánchez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Alonso
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: C090410:CY 1503; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009844:Oligosaccharides