In vivo administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) can lead to enhanced erythrocyte sequestration.
Enhanced erythrocyte sequestration is one of the very few major adverse effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). IVIg contains high molecular weight IgG complexes ( approximately 300 kDa) which, in the presence of serum, mimic immune complexes by activating complement, binding to CR1 of red blood cells (RBC) (CD35) and mediating erythrophagocytosis. Four of seven patients undergoing IVIg therapy showed significant drops in haematocrit and haemoglobin that were not due to isoantibodies in the IVIg. Prior to treatment, patients' RBC carried IgG and complement (C') 3d that were not bound as immune complexes via CR1 (CD35). The patients whose RBC bound immune complex-like moieties and showed drops in haematocrit and haemoglobin subsequent to IVIg were young adults (22-35 years); older patients (50-69 years) showed no ill effects. In the presence of complement, RBC of young patients bound IVIg complexes in vitro while those of older patients did not. It is not the absolute levels of erythrocyte-associated IgG or C'3 fragments, neither pre- nor post-therapy, which are predictive of IVIg associated decreases in haematocrit and haemoglobin levels. Patient age and RBC inability to bind the IVIg immune complex-like moieties in vitro both appear to be predictors of resistance to sequestration after in vivo treatment with IVIg.
Kessary-Shoham
H
H
Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technicion, Haifa, Israel.
Levy
Y
Y
Shoenfeld
Y
Y
Lorber
M
M
Gershon
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003167:Complement Activation; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010587:Phagocytosis; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b / Q000097:blood
D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D006454:Hemoglobins; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b