title: The FAR1 locus encodes a novel nuclear protein specific to phytochrome A signaling.
abstract: The phytochrome family of photoreceptors has a well-defined role in regulating gene expression in response to informational light signals. Little is known, however, of the early steps of phytochrome signal transduction. Here we describe a new Arabidopsis mutant, far1 (far-red-impaired response), which has reduced responsiveness to continuous far-red light, but responds normally to other light wavelengths. This phenotype implies a specific requirement for FAR1 in phyA signal transduction. The far1 locus maps to the south arm of chromosome 4, and is not allelic to photomorphogenic loci identified previously. All five far1 alleles isolated have single nucleotide substitutions that introduce stop codons in a single ORF. The FAR1 gene encodes a protein with no significant sequence similarity to any proteins of known function. The FAR1 protein contains a predicted nuclear localization signal and is targeted to the nucleus in transient transfection assays. This result supports an emerging view that early steps in phytochrome signaling may be centered in the nucleus. The FAR1 gene defines a new multigene family, which consists of at least four genes in Arabidopsis. This observation raises the possibility of redundancy in the phyA-signaling pathway, which could account for the incomplete block of phyA signaling observed in the far1 mutant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ringli
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Boylan
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Quail
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018388:Codon, Terminator / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D010834:Phytochrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051942:Phytochrome A; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018388:Codon, Terminator; C120919:FAR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C497973:PHYA protein, Arabidopsis; D051942:Phytochrome A; D010940:Plant Proteins; D010834:Phytochrome