title: The calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase PDE1C down-regulates glucose-induced insulin secretion.
abstract: To understand the role cAMP phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play in the regulation of insulin secretion, we analyzed cyclic nucleotide PDEs of a pancreatic beta-cell line and used family and isozyme-specific PDE inhibitors to identify the PDEs that counteract glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We demonstrate the presence of soluble PDE1C, PDE4A and 4D, a cGMP-specific PDE, and of particulate PDE3, activities in betaTC3 insulinoma cells. Selective inhibition of PDE1C, but not of PDE4, augmented glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent fashion thus demonstrating that PDE1C is the major PDE counteracting glucose-dependent insulin secretion from betaTC3 cells. In pancreatic islets, inhibition of both PDE1C and PDE3 augmented glucose-dependent insulin secretion. The PDE1C of betaTC3 cells is a novel isozyme possessing a K(m) of 0.47 microM for cAMP and 0.25 microM for cGMP. The PDE1C isozyme of betaTC3 cells is sensitive to 8-methoxymethyl isobutylmethylxanthine and zaprinast (IC(50) = 7.5 and 4.5 microM, respectively) and resistant to vinpocetine (IC(50) > 100 microM). Increased responsiveness of PDE1C activity to calcium/calmodulin is evident upon exposure of cells to glucose. Enhanced cAMP degradation by PDE1C, due to increases in its responsiveness to calcium/calmodulin and in intracellular calcium, constitutes a glucose-dependent feedback mechanism for the control of insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Werber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Surana
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fleischer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michaeli
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000032:analysis; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005246:Feedback; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D007328:Insulin; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; C517273:Pde1C protein, mouse; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D005947:Glucose; D002118:Calcium