title: Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sun-tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): evidence for host-dependent evolution of SIV within the C. lhoesti superspecies.
abstract: Recently we reported the characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVlhoest) from a central African l'hoest monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti lhoesti) that revealed a distant relationship to SIV isolated from a mandrill (SIVmnd). The present report describes a novel SIV (SIVsun) isolated from a healthy, wild-caught sun-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti solatus), another member of the l'hoest superspecies. SIVsun replicated in a variety of human T-cell lines and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of macaques (Macaca spp.) and patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). A full-length infectious clone of SIVsun was derived, and genetic analysis revealed that SIVsun was most closely related to SIVlhoest, with an amino acid identity of 71% in Gag, 73% in Pol, and 67% in Env. This degree of similarity is reminiscent of that observed between SIVagm isolates from vervet, grivet, and tantalus species of African green monkeys. The close relationship between SIVsun and SIVlhoest, despite their geographically distinct habitats, is consistent with evolution from a common ancestor, providing further evidence for the ancient nature of the primate lentivirus family. In addition, this observation leads us to suggest that the SIVmnd lineage should be designated the SIVlhoest lineage.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Beer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bailes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goeken
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dapolito
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Norley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurth
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gautier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gautier-Hion
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallet
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002460:Cell Line; D002521:Cercopithecus / Q000821:virology*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral