title: Quinupristin-dalfopristin is active against Toxoplasma gondii.
abstract: Synercid and each of its components (quinupristin and dalfopristin) were examined for their activities against Toxoplasma gondii. In vitro, intracellular replication of tachyzoites was inhibited by synercid and each of its two components. The 50% inhibitory concentrations of synercid, quinupristin, and dalfopristin were 1.6, 2.7, and 6.3 microg/ml, respectively. Thus, synercid was markedly more active than its components. Treatment of acutely infected mice with 100 or 200 mg of synercid per kg of body weight per day administered intraperitoneally for 10 days resulted in survival of 50% (P = 0.0002) and 100% (P < 0.0001) of infected mice, respectively, whereas all control mice died by day 18. In contrast, treatment with 200 mg of either quinupristin and dalfopristin per kg per day alone resulted in only 20% survival; treatment with 50 mg of either drug per kg per day resulted only in the prolongation of time to death. These results suggest that synercid may be useful for treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, California 94301, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Slifer
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Remington
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014769:Virginiamycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014769:Virginiamycin; C062940:quinupristin-dalfopristin; C113825:quinupristin; C113826:dalfopristin