title: Dual inhibitory effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase.
abstract: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a solvent popularly used for dissolving water-insoluble compounds, is a weak inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, that is a nuclear enzyme producing (ADP-ribose)n from NAD+. The inhibitory mode and potency depend on the concentration of substrate, NAD+, as well as the temperature of the reaction; at micromolar concentrations of NAD+, the inhibition by DMSO is biphasic at 37 degrees C, but is monophasic and apparently competitive with NAD+ at 25 degrees C. DMSO, on the other hand, diminishes dose-dependently and markedly the inhibitory potency of benzamide and other inhibitors. Other organic solvents, ethanol and methanol, also show a biphasic effect on the synthetase activity at different concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Chemistry, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banasik
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000432:Methanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009243:NAD / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D009243:NAD; D000431:Ethanol; C037689:benzamide; D000432:Methanol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide