title: Fibrinogen-impregnated collagen as a combined haemostatic agent and antibiotic delivery system in a porcine model of splenic trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of rifampicin on the haemostatic function of a fibrinogen-impregnated collagen fleece.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Government research establishment, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six Large White pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four 5 cm incisions were made in the spleen of each animal. Three of the wounds were each covered with a sheet of either dry, saline-soaked or rifampicin-soaked fibrinogen-impregnated collagen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bleeding time and blood loss from each wound was recorded. Systemic serum rifampicin concentrations were measured using a Staphylococcus aureus inhibition assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dry fibrinogen-impregnated collagen resulted in significantly less blood loss (112 (21) compared with 39 (13)ml, p < 0.05) and shorter bleeding time (16 (2) compared with 9 (1) min, p < 0.01) than in untreated control wounds. Pre-soaking in saline or rifampicin solution had no significant effect on its haemostatic function. Rifampicin concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration were recorded in the systemic circulation 45 minutes after injury and persisted for the duration of the experiment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibrinogen-impregnated collagen is an effective haemostatic agent in splenic trauma that may be of use for both the local and systemic delivery of antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences, DERA Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Watkins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005436:Floxacillin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical; D006490:Hemostatics; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013917:Thrombin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005839:Gentamicins; D006490:Hemostatics; C093991:tachocomb; D005436:Floxacillin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D007611:Aprotinin; D013917:Thrombin; D012293:Rifampin