title: Distribution of equilibrative, nitrobenzylthioinosine-sensitive nucleoside transporters (ENT1) in brain.
abstract: Nucleoside transport processes may play a role in regulating endogenous levels of the inhibitory neuromodulator adenosine in brain. The cDNAs encoding species homologues of one member of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT) gene family have recently been isolated from rat (rENT1) and human (hENT1) tissues. The current study used RT-PCR, northern blot, in situ hybridization, and [3H]nitrobenzylthioinosine autoradiography to determine the distribution of mRNA and protein for ENT1 in rat and human brain. Northern blot analysis indicated that hENT1 mRNA is widely distributed in adult human brain. 35S-labeled sense and antisense riboprobes, transcribed from a 153-bp segment of rENT1, were hybridized to fresh frozen coronal sections from adult rat brain and revealed widespread rENT1 mRNA in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus, granule neurons of the dentate gyrus, Purkinje and granule neurons of the cerebellum, and cortical and striatal neurons. Regional localization in rat brain was confirmed by RT-PCR. Thus, ENT1 mRNA has a wide cellular and regional distribution in brain, indicating that this nucleoside transporter subtype may be important in regulating intra- and extracellular levels of adenosine in brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Geiger
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cass
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Parkinson
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism; D000345:Affinity Labels; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D015342:DNA Probes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D033705:Equilibrative Nucleoside Transport Proteins; D033721:Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011869:Radioligand Assay / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D013868:Thioinosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D000345:Affinity Labels; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015342:DNA Probes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D033705:Equilibrative Nucleoside Transport Proteins; D033721:Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C438649:SLC29A1 protein, human; C438652:Slc29a1 protein, rat; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D014316:Tritium; D013868:Thioinosine; C001789:4-nitrobenzylthioinosine; D000241:Adenosine