title: Immunobiosensor--an alternative to enzyme immunoassay screening for residues of two sulfonamides in pigs.
abstract: A rapid immunoassay using an optical biosensor (BIAcore) for determining the presence of sulfamethazine (SMT) residues in pig bile was developed. The assay was used in a routine screening laboratory alongside a previously described biosensor method for sulfadiazine (SDZ). Sulfonamide bile concentrations, determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), have already been shown suitable for use in predicting the extent of sulfonamide accumulation in kidney. The ability of immunobiosensor based bile screening to predict violative tissue residues (greater than the maximum residue limit; MRL) was compared with results achieved using two conventional EIAs for two of these drug residues (SMT and SDZ). Analysis of 2081 samples for both sulphonamide residues, over an 8 month period, showed the false positive prediction rate of biosensor analysis to be 0.14% and 0.34% for SMT and SDZ, respectively, compared with false positive rates of 1.54% and 1.44% by EIA. Biosensor analysis showed no false negative predictions for either SMT or SDZ while EIA showed a false negative prediction rate of 0.14% for SMT and 0.24% for SDZ. The present study has clearly demonstrated that immunobiosensor assays can be developed for veterinary drug residue screening programmes. These methods have the potential for generating faster and more reliable results than conventional immunoassay methods.
authors.affiliation: steven.crooks@dani.gov.uk
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Elliot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013411:Sulfadiazine / Q000378:metabolism; D013418:Sulfamethazine / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013449:Sulfonamides; D013411:Sulfadiazine; D013418:Sulfamethazine