title: Gabapentin as add-on therapy in children with refractory partial seizures: a 12-week, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gabapentin Paediatric Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin (Neurontin; GBP) as add-on therapy for refractory partial seizures in paediatric patients aged 3-12 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 6-week baseline period, 247 patients (54 centres) entered a 12-week double-blind phase and were randomized to receive either GBP (t.i.d., titrated to 23-35 mg/kg/ day) or placebo. Seizure activity and type were recorded daily. Efficacy variables included Response Ratio (RRatio), responder rate, and percentage change in frequency (PCH) for all partial seizures; PCH and RRatio for individual types of partial seizures; and investigator and parent/guardian global assessments of seizure frequency and patient well-being.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RRatio for all partial seizures was significantly lower (better) for GBP-treated patients (p = 0.0407). Responder rate favored GBP, but the difference between treatment groups was not statistically significant. Median PCH for all partial seizures for the GBP treatment group (-17.0%) was better than that for the placebo group (-6.5%). Median PCH for specific seizure types showed GBP to be most effective in controlling complex partial seizures (-35%) and secondarily generalized seizures (-28%) when compared with placebo (-12%, +13%, respectively). A greater percentage of GBP-treated patients exhibited improvement according to investigator and parent/guardian global assessments, with a statistically significant difference observed in the parent/guardian global assessment of seizure-frequency reduction (p = 0.046). Three GBP patients and one placebo patient were seizure free during the double-blind treatment period. GBP was well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GBP was effective and well tolerated as an add-on therapy for partial seizures in paediatric patients with previously drug-resistant seizures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, England, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Appleton
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fichtner
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: LaMoreaux
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halsall
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garofalo
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000367:Age Factors; D000588:Amines; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D000077206:Gabapentin; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000588:Amines; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D010919:Placebos; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000077206:Gabapentin