Effectiveness of RSVIG prophylaxis and therapy of respiratory syncytial virus in an immunosuppressed animal model.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has emerged as a leading cause of pneumonia, with high mortality, in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients, as well as in other profoundly immunocompromised patients, such as myelosuppressed adults with leukemia. We tested the efficacy of immunoglobulin with high anti-RSV neutralizing antibody levels (RSVIG) for prophylaxis and therapy of RSV infection in cotton rats undergoing prolonged immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide. These animals experience persistent infection, a model which is similar to the disease seen in post-BMT humans. Both prophylaxis and therapy reduced pulmonary viral replication over 500-fold to nearly undetectable levels. In animals receiving continual immunosuppression, the use of multiple therapeutic doses of RSVIG was able to prevent rebound viral replication, though virus was not completely eliminated.
Ottolini
M G
MG
Department of Pediatrics, F Edward Herbert School of Medicine, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Porter
D D
DD
Hemming
V G
VG
Zimmerman
M N
MN
Schwab
N M
NM
Prince
G A
GA
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D009666:Nose / Q000821:virology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D016205:Sigmodontinae; D014779:Virus Replication
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide