title: Salicylhydroxamic acid inhibits delta6 desaturation in the microalga Porphyridium cruentum.
abstract: Treatment of the microalga Porphyridium cruentum with salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) inhibited growth and affected fatty acid composition. At a relatively low concentration (40 microM) SHAM predominantly inhibits Delta6 desaturation. The effect of the inhibitor was most intense in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine, in which the proportions of the downstream products of the Delta6 desaturase were reduced, whereas that of the substrate, 18:2, increased. As a result of the availability of 18:2, 18:3omega3, which under normal conditions is not observed, appeared predominantly in chloroplastic lipids. Pulse labeling with linoleic acid has shown that SHAM inhibits Delta6 desaturation almost immediately, suggesting an apparent inhibition of the activity of the desaturase, rather than its synthesis or that of its cofactors. Furthermore, the addition of gamma-linolenic acid to SHAM-inhibited cultures relieved the inhibition. Following exposure to the inhibitor, 18:3omega3 appeared first in chloroplastic glycolipids and only later in PC, indicating that the former are the substrates for the first dedicated step of the proposed omega3 pathway in this alga.
authors.affiliation: The Laboratory for Microalgal Biotechnology, Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Sede-Boker Campus 84990, Israel.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khozin-Goldberg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bigogno
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D012457:Salicylamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D012457:Salicylamides; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C005703:salicylhydroxamic acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase