Host genetic influences on HIV-1 pathogenesis.
Cellular entry of HIV-1 is mediated by interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptors that serve as entry coreceptors. The immune response against HIV-1 is regulated by genes of the HLA locus. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes have recently been associated with effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis. The history and implications of these discoveries are described in this review.
Michael
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Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Pathogenesis, Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nmichael@pasteur.hjf.org
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000635:transmission; D000483:Alleles; D015497:HIV-1; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000502:physiology
D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D015728:Receptors, HIV