Exercise intensity and self-efficacy effects on anxiety reduction in healthy, older adults.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of varying exercise intensities and changes in self-efficacy on anxiety reduction in a sample of healthy, older adults. Eighty older adults from a randomized controlled exercise trial participated in this study and completed measures of self-efficacy and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) prior to and following light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise. Latent growth curve modeling analyses revealed that although anxiety was reduced following the light-intensity condition, no significant changes in anxiety occurred following the moderate-intensity condition, and anxiety increased following the high-intensity condition. In addition, changes in self-efficacy were related to anxiety responses only in the moderate-intensity condition. An analysis of SAI items indicated that although the light-intensity condition resulted in decreased arousal and anxiousness, the high-intensity condition resulted in increased arousal and decreased anxiousness. These results are discussed in terms of social cognitive theory and the appropriateness of the SAI for use in exercise settings.
Katula
J A
JA
University of Illinois, Department of Kinesiology, Urbana 61801, USA. katula@uiuc.ed
Blissmer
B J
BJ
McAuley
E
E
D000368:Aged / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011581:Psychological Tests; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors