title: Hydrodynamics optimization in butterfly swimming: position, drag coefficient and performance.
abstract: A kinematic study allowed to define the three most propulsive positions during a butterfly swimming cycle, which were: the end of the external sweep, the end of the internal sweep and the end of thrust. These instantaneous positions were different for the ex-world champion Pankratov when compared to another swimmer. Using manikins and a drag-measuring device, we showed that the end of the internal sweep induced the highest drag values and that Pankratov may reduce energy expenditure by taking up a particular position during the end of the swimming cycle. These results point out the relations between swimming movements, passive drag and swimmers' performance.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France. taiar@univ-lyon1.fr
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taïar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sagnes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rouard
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008348:Manikins; D008954:Models, Biological; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012212:Rheology; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D014741:Video Recording; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water