title: Primary liver disease as a determinant for acute rejection after liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Graft rejection and infection remain major problems following liver transplantation; both are heavily influenced by the immunosuppressive regimen. Despite the disparity in the primary disease leading to transplantation, all patients receive the same posttransplant immunosuppressive treatment in a given center. The aim of this study is to detect a possible effect of the underlying disease on the incidence of early acute rejection episodes after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis on all 101 consecutive liver transplants performed in 95 patients between 1983 and March 1998; five of these patients, surviving less than 30 days, were not included. The immunosuppressive regimen was based on conventional triple therapy during the whole study period. The diagnosis and treatment of acute rejection within the first 30 days post-OLT was uniform throughout the whole study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Though there were no differences with respect to patients' characteristics [age, child classification, number of HLA-mismatches or cytomegalovirus (CMV)-serocompatibility], patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) showed a significant increase of acute rejection after OLT compared with the other patients transplanted for other liver diseases (P = 0.024). The incidence of infection was not elevated in patients transplanted for PBC when compared with other diagnoses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that primary liver disease may be a determinant for acute graft rejection in PBC. Furthermore, these results suggest that immunosuppressive regimens based on the underlying disease should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Renner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bischoff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reichen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology*; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors