The comparative effects of famciclovir and valacyclovir on herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, latency, and reactivation in mice.
Infections by herpes simplex virus (HSV) cannot yet be eliminated, but the severity of the disease can be reduced. Two newer drugs with established efficacy for such infections, famciclovir and valacyclovir, were tested in a mouse eye model of HSV infection. Both drugs significantly reduced mortality and titers of virus shed from the eyes of mice infected with an otherwise lethal dose of HSV type 1 (HSV-1). Similar titers of HSV-1 were found in the eyes, ganglia, and brains of treated animals. Although valacyclovir reduced the latent viral DNA load better in these studies than did famciclovir, rates of reactivation by explantation and UV exposure were the same. Thus, in this study, famciclovir and valacyclovir were equally effective in limiting the virulence and spread of HSV-1, despite their biochemical and pharmacologic differences.
LeBlanc
R A
RA
Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1888, USA.
Pesnicak
L
L
Godleski
M
M
Straus
S E
SE
D015075:2-Aminopurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000212:Acyclovir / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005123:Eye / Q000821:virology; D000077595:Famciclovir; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000821:virology; D000077483:Valacyclovir; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014709:Vero Cells; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000187:drug effects*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011355:Prodrugs; D015075:2-Aminopurine; D014633:Valine; D000077483:Valacyclovir; D000077595:Famciclovir; D000212:Acyclovir