title: A case of Graves' disease associated with autoimmune hepatitis and mixed connective tissue disease.
abstract: The patient was a woman of forty-eight. Liver dysfunction was pointed out at the age of forty-five. She was admitted to hospital because of her hyperthyroidism. Her palmar skin was wet and her fingers were swollen like sausages. She had a diffuse and elastic hard goiter with a rough surface. The serum levels of free T3 (9.6 pg/mL) and free T4 (3.76 ng/dL) were high and that of TSH (0.11 microU/mL) was low. The activity of TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) was 89%. The uptake rate of 123I to the thyroid was 55.1% and the uptake pattern was nearly diffuse. The goiter was proved to contain several nodules by ultrasonography, but aspiration cytology showed no malignant cells. She was diagnosed to have Graves' disease with adenomatous goiter. She also had high ALT (34 IU/L) and gamma-globulin (1.97 g/dL). She had positive antinuclear antibody (speckled type), positive anti-ribosomal nuclear protein antibody, and positive LE cell phenomenon. The liver biopsy revealed mononuclear cell infiltration with fibrosis in the portal area. These data indicated that she also had autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). The analysis of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) showed positive A11 which had been reported to relate to Graves' disease, and positive DR4 which had been reported to relate to AIH and MCTD. These results suggested that HLA would determine susceptibility to three distinct autoimmune diseases in this case.
authors.affiliation: Metabolism and Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Research Institute, National Kyushu Medical Center Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D019693:Hepatitis, Autoimmune / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008947:Mixed Connective Tissue Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D001323:Autoantibodies; D006680:HLA Antigens; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; C094372:thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D013974:Thyroxine