[Daily mortality in Santiago and its relationship with air pollution].
BACKGROUND
Santiago de Chile, due to meteorological and topographic factors, is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The adverse effects of contamination on health are relatively well known, but they may be overvalued.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the short term effects of exposure to air pollution on mortality of people over 65 years old.


METHODS
Daily mortality data in Santiago, from 1988 to 1993, was obtained from the National Statistics Institute. Daily concentrations of contaminants in Santiago and meteorological variables, were obtained from SESMA the Metropolitan Environmental Health Services. An association between contamination and mortality due to respiratory or cardiovascular diseases in subjects over 65 years old was searched, using temporal series analysis.


RESULTS
There was a significant association between air pollution, meteorological variables on the same and previous days and mortality. PM10 had the strongest association with mortality. The relative risk of a 100 micrograms/m3 increment in PM10 was 1.052 for the elderly, 1.025 for cardiovascular and 1.061 for respiratory mortality. The relative risk of SO2 was 1.006 for all deaths and 1.017 for respiratory deaths. The figures for O3 were 1.015 for all deaths and 1.008 for cardiovascular deaths.


CONCLUSIONS
This work confirms a consistent association between air pollution and daily mortality, specially for particulate matter, even for levels below Chilean norms.
Sanhueza
P
P
Departamento de Ingeniería Geográfica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile. psanhuez@lauca.usach.cl
Vargas
C
C
Jiménez
J
J
D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008685:Meteorological Concepts; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D012306:Risk; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis
D000393:Air Pollutants; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D010126:Ozone
Mortalidad diaria en Santiago y su relación con la contaminación del aire.