title: Use of propofol for office-based anesthesia: effect of nitrous oxide on recovery profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide (N2O) on the recovery profile and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after office-based surgery performed under propofol anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, single-blind study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Office-based surgical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 ASA physical status I, II, and III healthy, consenting outpatients undergoing superficial surgical procedures lasting 15 to 45 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a standard propofol induction (1.5 mg.kg-1 i.v.), anesthesia was initially maintained with propofol, 100 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 i.v., in combination with either air or N2O 65% in oxygen. The propofol infusion rate was subsequently varied to maintain an adequate depth of anesthesia. All patients received local anesthetic infiltration prior to the surgical incision, as well as during the operation. No prophylactic antiemetics were administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recovery times and the incidences of PONV were recorded during the first 24 hours after surgery. Early and late recovery variables were similar in the two treatment groups; however, 65% N2O produced a 19% decrease in the propofol maintenance dosage requirement. One patient (3%) experienced nausea prior to discharge in the propofol-N2O group, and two patients (6%) experienced nausea at home in the propofol alone group. None of the patients vomited or received antiemetic medication during the 24 hours postdischarge period. Ninety-seven percent of patients receiving propofol alone and all of the patients in the propofol-N2O group were "very satisfied" with their anesthetic experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In outpatients undergoing office-based surgical procedures with propofol anesthesia, administration of 65% N2O decreased the anesthetic requirement without increasing PONV. Therefore, use of a propofol-N2O combination may be a cost-effective alternative to propofol alone for office-based anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9068, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wender
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kariger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sloninsky
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D015742:Propofol