title: Analysis of a critical pathway in osteoplastic flap for frontal sinus obliteration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A critical pathway was applied to patients undergoing osteoplastic flap (OPF) for frontal sinus obliteration to determine whether efficiency could be improved.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of consecutive OPF procedures (n = 51) performed between 1992 and July 1997 was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient groups were subdivided into those who underwent OPF alone and those who had endoscopic sinus procedures performed in addition to OPF. Comparisons were made between the precritical pathway and post-critical pathway groups, specifically noting operative time, total operating room (OR) time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay, and costs. We used a critical pathway that was developed for endoscopic sinus procedures at our institution through a multidisciplinary team approach. Preoperative evaluation and testing, intraoperative equipment and medications, and postoperative care including follow-up clinic visits were all standardized. An unpaired, two-tailed Student t test was used to evaluate the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant (P<.05) reductions in operative times, total OR time, EBL, and length of hospital stay were observed in the post-critical pathway group who underwent endoscopic sinus procedures as well as OPF. Costs to the OR were reduced 29% and 15% for OPF and for OPF with endoscopic surgery, respectively. Patient costs were reduced 5% and 4% in these groups, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With implementation of effective critical pathways, significant decreases in length of stay are seen, and cost reductions can be realized through the improved efficiency, shortened OR times, and decreases in redundancy of ordering materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reinisch
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Paty
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duncavage
mesh_terms: D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D019091:Critical Pathways; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D015522:Frontal Sinusitis / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps