title: Focal adhesion kinase promotes phospholipase C-gamma1 activity.
abstract: The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase FAK ("focal adhesion kinase") is a key mediator of integrin signaling events controlling cellular responses to the extracellular matrix, including spreading, migration, proliferation, and survival. Integrin-ligand interactions stimulate FAK tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of FAK signaling functions. Here evidence is presented that the FAK autophosphorylation site Tyr-397 mediates a direct interaction with the C-terminal Src homology 2 domain of phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma1 and that this is required for both adhesion-dependent association of the two molecules and increased inositol phosphate production in mouse embryo fibroblasts. Overexpression of FAK and PLC-gamma1 in COS-7 cells increases PLC-gamma1 enzymatic activity and tyrosine phosphorylation, also dependent on FAK Tyr-397. However, FAK appears incapable of directly phosphorylating PLC-gamma1. These observations suggest a role for FAK in recruiting PLC-gamma1 to the plasma membrane at sites of cell-matrix adhesion and there promoting its enzymatic activity, possibly by releasing the repression caused by intramolecular interactions of the PLC-gamma1 Src homology domains and/or by positioning it for phosphorylation by associated Src-family kinases. These findings expand the known signaling functions of FAK and provide mechanistic insight into integrin-stimulation of PLC-gamma1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Q S
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ruest
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hanks
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005353:Fibronectins; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D005353:Fibronectins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496051:Ptk2 protein, mouse; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma