Access to medical care for adolescents: results from the 1997 Commonwealth Fund Survey of the Health of Adolescent Girls.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined the factors associated with access to care among adolescents, including gender, insurance coverage, and having a regular source of health care.


METHODS
Analyses were done on the 1997 Commonwealth Fund Survey of the Health of Adolescent Girls, a nationally representative sample of in-school adolescents in 5th through 12th grade. Access to health care, missing needed care, and whether the adolescent had private time with their provider were assessed. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square statistics were computed using SUDAAN.


RESULTS
Nearly a third of the 6748 adolescents surveyed had missed needed care. The most common reason for missing care was not wanting a parent to know (35%). Girls were more likely than boys to miss care (29% vs. 24%). Most adolescents reported using a source of primary health care (92%); girls were more likely than boys to use a physician's office rather than another site (65% vs. 60%). Eleven percent of adolescents reported having no health insurance. Uninsured adolescents were more likely to have missed needed care (46% vs. 25%) [corrected].


CONCLUSIONS
Certain groups of adolescents have less access to health care. Girls have more emotional barriers, such as not wanting parents to know about care, and embarrassment. Adolescents without health insurance are at high risk for missing care because of financial strain. States, insurers, and advocates can influence policies around confidentiality and insurance coverage to address these issues.
Klein
J D
JD
Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642, USA.
Wilson
K M
KM
McNulty
M
M
Kapphahn
C
C
Collins
K S
KS
D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D003219:Confidentiality; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States