title: Advantage of double labeled in situ hybridization for detecting the effects of glucocorticoids on the mRNAs of protooncogenes and neural peptides (TRH) in cultured hypothalamic neurons.
abstract: In order to study the effect of glucocorticoids on thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and protooncogenes, we describe a double labeled in situ hybridization method to explore this issue. The development of non-isotopic in situ hybridization histochemistry has proven to be an important tool for cellular and molecular studies in neurobiology [C.L.E. Moine, E. Normand, B. Bloch, Use of non-radioactive probes for mRNA detection by in situ hybridization: interests and applications in the central nervous system, Cell. Mol. Biol. 41 (1995) 917-923]. These methods involve the anatomic localization of labeled RNA or DNA molecules which hybridize with complementary target RNA or DNA sequences in the cell. With regard to gene expression, in situ hybridization allows the study of specific mRNA levels and the distribution between various cell types. It also allows the comparison of mRNA levels at various stages of development. Double labeled in situ hybridization is able to detect the colocalization of two different mRNAs simultaneously. Accordingly, this approach is utilized for specific studies involving the expression and distribution of TRH mRNA and the protooncogenes, c-fos/c-jun, in cultured rat hypothalamic neurons [L. G. Luo, I.M.D. Jackson, Glucocorticoids stimulate TRH and c-fos/c-jun gene co-expression in cultured hypothalamic neurons, Brain Research 791 (1998) 56-62]. Our protocol for double labeled in situ hybridization reflects a modification of a number of original protocols developed by others [H. Breitschopf, G. Suchanek, R.M. Gould, D.R. Colman, H. Lassmann, In situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled probes: sensitive and reliable detection method applied to myelinating rat brain, Acta Neurropathol. 84 (1992) 581-587; S. McQuaid, J. McMahon, G.M. Allan, A comparison of digoxigenin and biotin labeled DNA and RNA probes for in situ hybridization, Biotech. Histochem. 70 (1995) 147-154; E. Hrabovszky, M.E. Vrontakis, S.L. Petersen, Triple-labeling method combining immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry: demonstration of overlap between Fos-immunoreactive and galanin mRNA-expressing subpopulations of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons in female rats, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 43 (1995) 363-370]. This technique can be readily applied to various studies of cellular gene expression in the mammalian nervous system involving other neural peptides and transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000187:drug effects*; D016758:Genes, jun / Q000187:drug effects*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004247:DNA