title: Remission of nephrotic syndrome in type 1 diabetes: long-term follow-up of patients in the Captopril Study.
abstract: In 1994, we reported a 3.4 +/- 0.8 year follow-up of the eight patients who experienced remission of nephrotic syndrome during the Collaborative Study Group-sponsored, multicenter trial of captopril therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes with nephropathy (Captopril Study). Of the 409 patients randomized to treatment on the Captopril Study, 108 had nephrotic syndrome (24-hour proteinuria >/= 3.5 g of protein) at baseline. Of these 108 patients, 8 experienced remission of nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria </= 1.0 g/24 h of protein). Remission was significantly associated with captopril therapy and control of systolic blood pressure. The present study describes the status of these eight patients during a follow-up of 7.7 +/- 0.3 years. Since our previous report, one patient has been lost to follow-up and one patient progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) 3.7 years after completion of the Captopril Study. The remaining six patients remain in remission of nephrotic syndrome (mean 24-hour proteinuria, 1.03 +/- 0.3 g of protein) and have stable serum creatinine levels (mean, 1.58 +/- 0.3 mg/dL) and body weights (mean, 69.8 +/- 5.3 kg). Of the six patients, one has discontinued angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) therapy because of hypotension. Excluding the patient who progressed to ESRD, the current mean systolic blood pressure is 135 +/- 6 mm Hg and mean diastolic blood pressure is 78 +/- 4 mm Hg. We conclude that long-term remission of nephrotic syndrome and preservation of renal function is achievable in some patients with type 1 diabetes. Control of blood pressure and ACEi therapy appear to be important in achieving long-term remission.
authors.affiliation: Northeast Ohio University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wilmer
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Whittier
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cattran
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Levey
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spitalewitz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012074:Remission Induction
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002216:Captopril; D003404:Creatinine