title: [Alcohol drinking and cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract in women].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Germany every year approximately 2000 women die from squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx. Until recently, excessive alcohol consumption and excessive tobacco consumption were blamed as the predominant risk factors. The present study investigated whether alcohol is an independent risk factor even in case of a moderate consumption in increasing the risk of cancer of the mouth, pharynx and larynx in females.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a hospital based case control study the smoking and drinking patterns of 62 females with squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx and of 248 randomly selected female control subjects were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A regular consumption of alcohol was reported by 59.7% of the cancer patients and by 18.1% of the control subjects. The alcoholic beverages preferred by the cancer patients were beer and spirits. While only 0.8% of the control subjects reported a daily consumption of more than 30 g alcohol, this was the case in 40.3% of the cancer patients. The alcohol-associated risk increasing was dose-dependent. Compared to a daily consumption of less than 10 g alcohol, a consumption of more than 30 g/day has a relative risk of 29 (P < 0.01; adjusted for tobacco) was estimated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even a moderate alcohol consumption (10-20 g/day) causes a significant increasing of head and neck cancer in women.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tisch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conradt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pötschke-Langer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015984:Causality; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality
vernacular_title: Alkoholkonsum und Krebs des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes bei Frauen.