title: Heterogeneous signal in bone marrow on MRI of children's feet: a normal finding?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) appearances of the bone marrow of children's feet and to determine their frequency and significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of MR studies obtained in a retrospective series of 35 children with foot pain and in a prospective series of 19 asymptomatic children was performed. The MR appearances on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and STIR sequences were assessed and the frequency of patchy areas of low signal intensity on T1-weighted and high signal intensity on T2-weighted or STIR sequences was determined and correlated with clinical features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low signal intensity on T1-weighted and high signal intensity on T2-weighted and STIR sequences were seen in 63% of symptomatic and 57% of asymptomatic children. In all cases where both feet were imaged, the changes were seen bilaterally. The marrow pattern varied from multiple discrete foci to more extensive confluent areas of high signal on the STIR sequence. These appearances are frequent and represent normal variation in the growing skeleton, and should not necessarily be interpreted as a sign of pathology.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre NHS Trust, Headington, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Tasker
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ostlere
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013639:Tarsal Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*