The 14-3-3 proteins: cellular regulators of plant metabolism.
Signal transduction and enzyme regulation are known to occur via phosphorylation, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that phosphorylation might be only a necessary preamble to regulation. In many cases, the phosphorylated target protein must associate with a specialized adapter protein, known as 14-3-3, to complete the regulatory action. There are several prominent examples of 14-3-3 participation in plant regulatory events, including the regulation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthase. However, emerging data on 14-3-3s in the nucleus might extend the roles for 14-3-3s well beyond the regulation of cytoplasmic enzymes.
Chung
HJ
Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dept of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Sehnke
PC
Ferl
RJ