title: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging with single-shot echo-planar imaging in the upper abdomen: preliminary clinical experience in 61 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the potential ability of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with single-shot echo-planar imaging (DW imaging) in the upper abdomen by apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and signal:intensity ratio (SIR) measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  DW imaging was performed in 61 clinical patients. ADCs in the liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, and different pathological conditions were calculated. Spleen-to-liver SIR and segmental intensity difference of the liver (SID) were also calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ADCs (mm(2)/s) were 2.28 x 10(-3) +/- 0.07 in the liver, 1.44 x 10(-3) +/- 0.05 in the spleen, 1.94 x 10(-3) +/- 0.19 in the pancreas, and 5.76 x 10(-3) +/- 0.06 in the kidney. The mean ADC of cirrhotic liver was 1.96 x 10(-3) +/- 0.62, which was lower than that of normal liver. Other pathologic conditions also showed ADCs different from those of normal tissues. All DW images showed significantly higher spleen-to-liver SIRs and SIDs than did T2-weighted images (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mean ADCs obtained with DW imaging were different in each upper abdominal organ and with each pathologic condition. DW images showed better soft tissue contrast than did T2-weighted images with regard to SIR and CNR in depicting and characterizing upper abdominal disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409-38, Japan,
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haradome
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hachiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nitatori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology*; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology*