title: Increased dopamine synthesis rate in medial prefrontal cortex and striatum in schizophrenia indicated by L-(beta-11C) DOPA and PET.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate dopamine synthesis in the brain of drug-free schizophrenic patients, not only in the striatum but also in extrastriatal areas like the prefrontal cortex, brain areas that for a long time has been in focus of interest in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  PET was performed in 12 drug-free (10 drug-naive) psychotic schizophrenic patients and 10 healthy volunteers matched for age and gender using 11C-labelled L-DOPA as the tracer. The time-radioactivity curve from occipital cortex (located within Brodman area 17 and 18) was used as input function to calculate L-DOPA influx rate, Ki images, that were matched to a common brain atlas. A significant overall increase of the Ki values was found in the schizophrenic group as compared with healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In particular, significantly higher Ki were found in the schizophrenic patients compared to the controls in the caudate nucleus, putamen and in parts of medial prefrontal cortex (Brod 24). The Ki value reflect an increased utilization of L-DOPA, presumably due to increased activity of the amino acid decarboxylate enzyme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that the synthesis of dopamine is elevated within the striatum and parts of medial prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatric Research, University of Uppsala, Västerås Central Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gefvert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hagberg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergström
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartvig
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Långström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D007980:Levodopa; D004298:Dopamine