title: Different immunohistochemical patterns of TGF-beta1 expression in benign and malignant adrenocortical tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transforming growth-factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) influences a number of specific functions of adrenocortical cells in several animal species. The aim of our study was to evaluate by immunohistochemical analysis the presence and distribution of TGF-beta1 in normal adrenal tissue and in different adrenal tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed 8 functioning (5 adenomas and 3 carcinomas) and 15 non functioning (6 adenomas and 9 carcinomas) adrenal tumours and 6 normal adrenal glands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal adrenal glands, the glomerulosa and the reticularis zones displayed diffuse cytoplasmic staining, while the fasciculata zone was almost completely negative. Functioning adenomas displayed cytoplasmic staining restricted to compact cells while in nonfunctioning adenomas, prevalently composed by clear cells, no staining was observed. Overall, adrenal carcinomas were characterized by the lack of cytoplasmic positivity and by sporadic positive cells around vessels both in functioning and in nonfunctioning tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-beta1 expression is associated with active steroid secretion in normal adrenal tissue, as well as in benign cortical adenomas, while this relationship is lost in primary adrenal malignancies. These data provide indirect evidence for a regulatory role played by TGF-beta1 on steroid secretory pathways.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Azienda Ospedaliera S.Luigi, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boccuzzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terzolo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cappia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Giuli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Risi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leonardo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bovio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borriero
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paccotti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angeli
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000737:chemistry*; D000293:Adolescent; D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000737:chemistry*; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry*; D000328:Adult; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis*; D015384:Zona Glomerulosa / Q000737:chemistry; D015385:Zona Reticularis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta