title: Enterotoxin production by coagulase-negative staphylococci in restaurant workers from Kuwait City may be a potential cause of food poisoning.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were isolated from the hands of food handlers in 50 restaurants in Kuwait City and studied for the production of staphylococcal enterotoxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, slime and resistance to antimicrobial agents. One or a combination of staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B or C were produced by 6% of the isolates, with the majority producing enterotoxin B. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 was detected in c. 7% of the isolates; 47% produced slime. In all, 21% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline and 11.2% were resistant to propamidine isethionate and mercuric chloride. There was no correlation between slime and toxin production or between slime production and antibiotic resistance. The detection of enterotoxigenic CNS on food handlers suggests that such strains may contribute to food poisoning if food is contaminated by them and held in conditions that allow their growth and elaboration of the enterotoxins. It is recommended that enterotoxigenic CNS should not be ignored when investigating suspected cases of staphylococcal food poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Udo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Al-Bustan
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Chugh
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D003030:Coagulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005511:Food Handling; D006225:Hand / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007730:Kuwait; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D012147:Restaurants; D013202:Staphylococcal Food Poisoning / Q000382:microbiology*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D003030:Coagulase; D004768:Enterotoxins