title: Pharmacokinetics and safety of high-dose and extended-interval regimens of levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, administered in high doses and with extended dosing intervals, was studied in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Thirty patients received either 750 mg of the drug or a placebo once daily for 14 days, followed by 750 mg or 1,000 mg of the drug or a placebo three times weekly for an additional 14 days. Levofloxacin disposition was characterized by rapid oral absorption, with peak concentrations occurring approximately 1.5 h after dosing and elimination half-lives from 7.2 to 9.4 h. The overall incidence of any adverse effect was 70% (1,000 mg) to 95% (750 mg) for levofloxacin-treated patients and 71% for those taking the placebo. Levofloxacin pharmacokinetic parameters for HIV-infected patients were consistent with those observed in studies of healthy volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmacy, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1880, USA.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Piscitelli
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spooner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masur
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin