title: Combined use of prostacyclin and higher perfusate temperatures further enhances the superior lung preservation by Celsior solution in the isolated rat lung.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The poor tolerance of the lung to ischemia and reperfusion (IR) still represents one of the limitations in clinically successful lung transplantation. Modified Euro-Collins (EC) is routinely used in lung preservation, but alternative solutions have been developed for improvement of pulmonary preservation. Celsior is an extracellular solution that has significantly reduced the IR-induced pulmonary damage in animal studies. So far, no extensive experimental studies exist concerning the influence of Celsior on pulmonary gas exchange following IR.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an extracorporeal rat lung model 10 lungs, each, were preserved with Celsior (CE) and Celsior/prostacyclin (CEPC, 6 microg/100 ml) at 4 degrees and 15 degrees C, each, and compared to low-potassium Euro-Collins (EC-40, 40 mmol/liter potassium). After 2 hours of ischemia lungs were reventilated and reperfused using a roller pump. Oxygenation in terms of oxygen partial tension in the left atrial effluent, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), peak inspiratory pressure, and wet/dry ratio were monitored for 50 minutes. Furthermore, edema formation was evaluated by light microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the EC-40 group, oxygenation was increased and amount of edema was reduced in most Celsior-preserved organs (p<0.032) with exception of the CEPC group at 4 degrees C (p = 0.06). Additional application of prostacyclin did not have any significant effect on oxygenation in the Celsior group. However, after temperature elevation of the CEPC perfusate to 15 degrees C, a superior partial tension of oxygen was observed (p<0.023) in contrast to the 4 degrees C groups CE and CEPC. The lowest PVR was found in the CE 4 degrees C group (p<0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Celsior provides better lung preservation than EC-40 solution. Application of prostacyclin at higher perfusate temperatures results in additional functional improvement. In vivo experiments and ultrastructural analysis are warranted for further evaluation of Celsior in lung preservation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical School Hannover, Germany. Th.Wittwer-MD@t-online.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wittwer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wahlers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fehrenbach
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochs
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fehrenbach
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haverich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000494:pharmacology; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006639:Histidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D008168:Lung / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology; D010313:Partial Pressure; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: C088453:Celsior; D004187:Disaccharides; D004573:Electrolytes; C037096:Euro-Collins' solution; D005971:Glutamates; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D008353:Mannitol; D006639:Histidine; D011464:Epoprostenol; D005978:Glutathione; D010100:Oxygen