title: Early up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in rats with hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of resuscitation fluids on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 36) were subjected to a 27 mL/kg hemorrhage over 5 min followed by a 1 h shock and 1 h resuscitation. Animals groups included: 1) cannulation only (Sham); 2) hemorrhage only (NR); 3) resuscitation with 1:1 shed blood (Blood); 4) resuscitation with 3:1 lactated Ringer's (81 mL/kg, 3LR+); 5) no hemorrhage but infusion with 3:1 lactated Ringer's (3LR); and 6) resuscitation with .36:1 hypertonic saline (7.5%, 9.7 mL/kg, HTS). At the end of resuscitation, the spleen and lung were harvested for detection of adhesion molecule mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and immunostaining. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression exhibited the following pattern: 3LR+ > HTS approximate to 3LR > Blood approximate to NR approximate to Sham. VCAM-1 mRNA in the lung of the 3LR+ group was 2 or more times more than the groups of Sham, NR, Blood, and 3LR (p < .05). ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA in the spleen was significantly increased in the 3LR+ group compared with the groups of Sham, NR, and Blood (p < .05). Animals in the 3LR+ group showed enhanced staining for ICAM-1 in the pulmonary microvessels and in the marginal and trabecular areas of the spleen. Pulmonary edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed only in the 3LR+ group. In summary, resuscitation with LR following hemorrhagic shock induced immediate up-regulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which was associated with tissue injury. Thus, the type of resuscitation fluid used affected resuscitation injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruff
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006439:Hemodynamics; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D012313:RNA