title: Coinfection with Toxoplasma gondii inhibits antigen-specific Th2 immune responses, tissue inflammation, and parasitism in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major.
abstract: Lesion size, cellular infiltration, and tissue parasitism in the footpads of BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major were all dramatically inhibited during acute but not chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Similarly, acute but not chronic toxoplasmosis at the time of infection with L. major had a strong inhibitory effect on development of acquired immune responses mediated by Th2 lymphocytes. In contrast, no major changes in Leishmania-specific Th1-mediated responses were observed in mice coinfected with T. gondii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology-ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-910 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bambirra
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.forename: L Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Gazzinelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000276:immunology*