Temporal and spatial regulation of the expression of BAD2, a MAP kinase phosphatase, during seizure, kindling, and long-term potentiation.
Recent studies indicate that stimulation of NMDA receptors in cultured hippocampal cells activates MAP kinase. Although the pathway whereby MAP kinase is activated has been been characterized, little is known about the mechanisms that shut off MAP kinase. In the course of analyzing several immediate-early genes identified previously by differential screen as inducible by seizure activity, we found that one of them, BAD2, encodes dual purpose, threonine/tyrosine phosphates with specific activity directed against MAP kinase (MKP-1). In situ hybridization of BAD2 demonstrates that stimuli that produce seizure, kindling, and long-term potentiation cause a rapid increase in BAD2 mRNA (within 0.5-1 hr after stimulation) that has, in each case, a distinctive pattern of expression in the brain. In these regions, the induction of a MAP kinase-specific phosphatase may provide a negative feedback control associated with long-term synaptic changes.
Qian
Z
Z
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Gilbert
M
M
Kandel
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ER
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; C517021:Dusp1 protein, rat; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases