title: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prognosis of chronic laminitis.
abstract: This article focuses on the initial assessment of the horse affected with chronic laminitis. Variations in the clinical presentation and primary considerations in making a differential diagnosis are included. The elements of a clinical history essential to sound, therapeutic management, and prognosis are summarized. The physical and radiographic assessment of the digital lesions and diagnostic approaches to the common systemic aspects of the disease are presented and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Alamo Pintado Equine Hospital, Los Olivos, California, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herthel
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018450:Disease Progression; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006736:Horses; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000175:diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis; D011859:Radiography; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging