title: Light-guided tracheal intubation using a prototype illuminated flexible catheter through the intubating laryngeal mask.
abstract: We evaluated the efficacy of a newly developed prototype illuminated flexible catheter to facilitate tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask and compared this light-guided technique with the conventional blind tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask. The illuminated flexible catheter consists of a completely flexible thin plastic catheter, a bulb attached to its distal end, a 15-mm concentric adapter at its proximal end connected with a battery and a power switch. The device is placed into a silicone tracheal tube in such a way that the bulb protrudes from the distal end of the tracheal tube. One hundred adult patients, ASA I-III, scheduled to undergo propofol/fentanyl/atracurium anaesthesia for elective surgery were studied. All participants underwent a randomized double comparative cross over trial with respect to the tracheal intubation technique through the intubating laryngeal mask. The light guided tracheal intubation was performed as follows; the tracheal tube preloaded with the illuminated flexible catheter was inserted through the intubating laryngeal mask and by observing the glow in the neck was advanced into the trachea. Whenever resistance was felt during insertion, appropriate adjusting manoeuvres were performed. The intubating laryngeal mask was inserted successfully in all patients. The success rate for the blind and light-guided technique was 91% and 100%, respectively (P = 0.003). The mean (+/- SD) duration including appropriate intubating laryngeal mask placement and tracheal intubation, was significantly lower in the light-guided tracheal intubation technique, than with the blind tracheal intubation (31 +/- 8 s vs. 43 +/- 18 s; P < 0.0001). We conclude that the use of an illuminated flexible catheter carries advantages either in optimizing the intubating laryngeal mask position in the laryngopharynx or in achieving a quick and safe light-guided advancement from laryngopharynx into the trachea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Gennimatas and Sotiria Hospitals, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dimitriou
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Voyagis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001279:Atracurium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004867:Equipment Design; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010969:Plastics; D018583:Pliability; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012828:Silicones; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014172:Transillumination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D010969:Plastics; D012828:Silicones; D001279:Atracurium; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol