title: Signal transduction pathways triggered by the FcepsilonRIIb receptor (CD23) in human monocytes lead to nuclear factor-kappaB activation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alveolar macrophages play a key role in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction of allergic asthma. Alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood monocytes are activated when IgE/allergen immune complexes bind to the CD23 receptor, which leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating this early inflammatory response. We have focused on the study of the signal transduction pathways triggered by CD23 in human monocytes and the promonocytic cell line U937.
  
  
  METHODS
  CD23 was cross-linked in human monocytes and U937 cells with IgE immune complexes. Surface expression of CD23 was determined by FACS analysis. Transcription factor activation and gene transcription were studied by gel-shift assays and Northern blot analysis, respectively. IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation was analyzed by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is the main transcription factor involved in the gene activation that follows CD23 cross-linking in monocytes. CD23-induced NF-kappaB is a heterodimer composed of p65/p50 subunits. NF-kappaB nuclear translocation is secondary to the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitory molecule IkappaBalpha. Tyrosine kinase-dependent, and not protein kinase C-dependent, pathways mediate CD23-triggered NF-kappaB activation but do not participate in the direct phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. IkappaBalpha degradation and NF-kappaB nuclear translocation correlate with transcriptional activation of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NF-kappaB is the main transcription factor involved in the signal transduction pathway of CD23 in monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Allergy and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ten
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McKinstry
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Bren
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Paya
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha