title: Identification of SAS4 and SAS5, two genes that regulate silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chromatin-mediated silencing inactivates transcription of the genes at the HML and HMR cryptic mating-type loci and genes near telomeres. Mutations in the Rap1p and Abf1p binding sites of the HMR-E silencer (HMRa-e**) result in a loss of silencing at HMR. We characterized a collection of 15 mutations that restore the alpha-mating phenotype to MATalpha HMRa-e** strains. These mutations defined three complementation groups, two new groups and one group that corresponded to the previously identified SAS2 gene. We cloned the genes that complemented members of the new groups and identified two previously uncharacterized genes, which we named SAS4 and SAS5. Neither SAS4 nor SAS5 was required for viability. Null alleles of SAS4 and SAS5 restored SIR4-dependent silencing at HMR, establishing that each is a regulator of silencing. Null alleles of SAS4 and SAS5 bypassed the role of the Abf1p binding site of the HMR-E silencer but not the role of the ACS or Rap1p binding site. Previous analysis indicated that SAS2 is homologous to a human gene that is a site of recurring translocations involved in acute myeloid leukemia. Similarly, SAS5 is a member of a gene family that included two human genes that are the sites of recurring translocations involved in acute myeloid leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Replogle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rine
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rivier
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D049770:Genes, Mating Type, Fungal; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006801:Humans; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics; D000072235:Mating Factor; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018741:Replication Origin / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D038281:Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020827:rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C061886:ABF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C061573:SIR4 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D038281:Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072235:Mating Factor; D020827:rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins