title: Enhanced sensitivity with a novel TCRgamma PCR assay for clonality studies in 569 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clonal rearrangement of genes encoding the immunoglobulins (Ig) and T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) are considered to be useful markers for the diagnosis of lymphoma and for determining the clonal origins of B- and T-cell populations in lymphoid neoplasms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polymerase chain reaction-based clonality assays for TCRgamma, TCRbeta, and immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements were evaluated for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in 569 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Combined TCRbeta and TCRgamma assays enhanced the routine detection of TCR clonality to 90% of all peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cases. IgH clonality was detected in 59% of 241 peripheral B-cell lymphoma (BCL) cases and 6% of 169 PTCL cases. Of 452 lymphomas, 5% could not be classified phenotypically as B or T lineage after immunohistochemical and clonality studies. Of all BCL cases analyzed, 24% had detectable TCRbeta and/or TCRgamma clonality. Of these BCL with biclonal results, 47% were extranodal lymphomas from skin and various tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clonality assays were useful for distinguishing reactive or benign lymph nodes from neoplastic lymphoid infiltrates in most cases. The inclusion of TCRb and TCRg assays in the assessment of lymphomas results in a significant increase in the sensitivity of clonality detection, but is of limited utility in assessing the T- or B-cell phenotype of the tumor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Cellular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Krafft
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Taubenberger
authors.forename: Z M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Bijwaard
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Abbondanzo
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lichy
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics*; D005557:Formaldehyde; D015333:Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor; D015334:Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000235:genetics*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D005557:Formaldehyde