title: Prenatal sexing and sex determination in infants with ambiguous genitalia by polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: Sex determination in both fetuses and infants with ambiguous external genitalia usually necessitates time-consuming and costly karyotyping. We propose a simple, rapid, and reliable method of prenatal and postnatal sex determination by means of the PCR, a technique currently used to identify gender for forensic purposes. DNA was extracted from 20 samples of whole blood from infants with ambiguous genitalia and from five samples of amniotic fluid. Three markers were amplified from each specimen: a Y chromosome alphoid repeat sequence and two homologous genes, amelogenin (AME) and zinc finger protein (ZFP). All three were detected in under 10 hr. A comparison of the results obtained with those of cytogenetic analysis of the same samples showed a perfect sex match, demonstrating that this PCR technique provides an accurate means of determining gender.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Padua, Italy. emogen@uxl.unipd.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caenazzo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ponzano
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Greggio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cortivo
mesh_terms: D053523:Amelogenin; D000649:Amniocentesis; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005835:Genitalia / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins