title: Effect of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy on prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and its prognostic significance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the effect of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy on prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and assessed the effect of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia on disease recurrence as measured by serum prostate specific antigen (PSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 278 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were included in phase II and III studies evaluating radical prostatectomy alone versus radical prostatectomy following neoadjuvant hormonal therapy at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between October 1991 and August 1996. Patient data related to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 275 evaluable patients 145 (52.7%) had prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Of 50 patients treated with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (hormone group) 22 (44%) had a lower incidence of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia compared to 69 of 80 controls (86.3%) (chi-square test p<0.0001). Of 262 patients (95.3%) with followup PSA 44 (16.8%) had PSA recurrence at a median followup of 32 months, with a median time to recurrence of 30 months. PSA recurrence was noted in 23 of 145 patients with compared to 21 of 130 without prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (chi-square test p = 0.95), and did not significantly differ between the hormone group (25 of 142, 17.6%) and controls (19 of 130, 14.6%) (chi-square test p = 0.45).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While patients treated with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy had significantly lower incidence of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, neither prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia nor neoadjuvant hormonal therapy significantly affected PSA recurrence at a median followup of 32 months.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Balaji
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rabbani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bastar
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Fair
mesh_terms: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005485:Flutamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D005485:Flutamide; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D016729:Leuprolide