title: Curcumin blocks cytokine-mediated NF-kappa B activation and proinflammatory gene expression by inhibiting inhibitory factor I-kappa B kinase activity.
abstract: NF-kappa B plays a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of proinflammatory gene expression in various cells. Cytokine-mediated activation of NF-kappa B requires activation of various kinases, which ultimately leads to the phosphorylation and degradation of I kappa B, the NF-kappa B cytoplasmic inhibitor. The food derivative curcumin has been shown to inhibit NF-kappa B activity in some cell types. In this report we investigate the mechanism of action of curcumin on cytokine-induced proinflammatory gene expression using intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). Curcumin inhibited IL-1 beta-mediated ICAM-1 and IL-8 gene expression in IEC-6, HT-29, and Caco-2 cells. Cytokine-induced NF-kappa B DNA binding activity, RelA nuclear translocation, I kappa B alpha degradation, I kappa B serine 32 phosphorylation, and I kappa B kinase (IKK) activity were blocked by curcumin treatment. Wound-induced p38 phosphorylation was not inhibited by curcumin treatment. In addition, mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase-1-induced IL-8 gene expression and 12-O-tetraphorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-responsive element-driven luciferase expression were inhibited by curcumin. However, I kappa B alpha degradation induced by ectopically expressed NF-kappa B-inducing kinase or IKK was not inhibited by curcumin treatment. Therefore, curcumin blocks a signal upstream of NF-kappa B-inducing kinase and IKK. We conclude that curcumin potently inhibits cytokine-mediated NF-kappa B activation by blocking a signal leading to IKK activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA. job@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jobin
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bradham
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Juma
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Narula
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sartor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496559:CHUK protein, human; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human; D003474:Curcumin