Propofol-thiopentone admixture-hypnotic dose, pain on injection and effect on blood pressure.
This study examined some pharmacodynamic characteristics of two admixtures of propofol and thiopentone. Ninety unpremedicated ASA 1 or 2 patients were group-randomized to receive, in a double-blinded manner, one of the following mixtures for induction of anaesthesia: Group P50: propofol 1% 10 ml/thiopentone 2.5% 10 ml; Group P75: propofol 1% 15 ml/thiopentone 2.5% 5 ml; Group P100: propofol 1% 20 ml/lignocaine 1% 4 ml. An additional 30 randomized but unblinded patients from the same patient cohort received thiopentone 2.5% to provide predictive dose data for groups P50 and P75. Haemodynamic data were collected pre- and post-induction. The required induction dose of both mixtures of propofol and thiopentone found an additive rather than a synergistic interaction with no significant difference between predicted and observed dose. Thiopentone resulted in significantly more rapid induction of anaesthesia than propofol/lignocaine or propofol/thiopentone. The addition of thiopentone to propofol was found to be as efficacious as the mixing of lignocaine with propofol in reducing pain on injection. The fall in systolic blood pressure was significantly less in group P50 compared with groups P75 or P100. Admixture of thiopentone with propofol results in an additive hypnotic effect, a reduction in pain of injection (comparable with addition of lignocaine) and a reduced hypotensive response compared to propofol injection alone during induction.
Jones
D
D
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland.
Prankerd
R
R
Lang
C
C
Chilvers
M
M
Bignell
S
S
Short
T
T
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013874:Thiopental / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D013874:Thiopental; D015742:Propofol