title: About the antiemetic effectivity of granisetron in chemotherapy-induced acute emesis: a comparison of results with intravenous and oral dosing.
abstract: The paper is devoted to review literature data on intravenous and oral antiemetic effectivity of granisetron (GRAN) a selective 5HT3 antagonist and to determine the optimal dose for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced acute emesis. The drug was put on the market in the injectable form in 1994 and in the oral form in 1995, so a sufficient number of reports have been published for the evaluation. According to the summarized data on 6095 patients treated with intravenous GRAN, on average 66% antiemetic complete response (CR) rate was reached (i.e. no vomiting in the first 24 hours of chemotherapy). Best results were observed with the dose of 40 microg/kg intravenous GRAN, on average 70% CR (range 47-93%) were achieved in 4182 of the 6095 patients with this dose. In 942 patients treated with the mostly applied oral dose of GRAN (1 mg twice daily), on average 61% CR (range 52-82%) were reported. Side effects were weak and transient, mostly headache and constipation were observed. Headache appeared in 13% with the use of 40 microg/kg intravenous dose GRAN and in 18% with 1 mg oral dose twice daily Constipation was observed in 5.3% and 17% with the injection and oral dose, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lehoczky
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017829:Granisetron / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017829:Granisetron; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists