title: The role of research evidence in pharmaceutical policy making: evidence when necessary but not necessarily evidence.
abstract: The use of research evidence in policy making at the legislative and administrative levels would appear to be very selective. Focusing on pharmaceutical policy, this paper argues that research evidence is only one ingredient leading to a policy decision and that any examination of research transfer into policy must take into account the many other factors which impact on decision making. The paper describes the policy making process, barriers to the uptake of research evidence into policy and ways of improving research uptake into policy making. Examples are given from drug licensing, remuneration policies, post-marketing surveillance and product withdrawal from the market.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Willison
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: MacLeod
mesh_terms: D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011050:Policy Making; D012106:Research