title: Synthetic peptide sequence from the C-terminus of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor that induces apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth.
abstract: Although the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis, its C-terminus sequence sends contradictory signals, including a clearly proapoptotic signal. We have synthesized a peptide, peptide 2, having the sequence of the IGF-IR from residue 1282 to residue 1298 (C-terminus of the beta subunit). To favor its uptake into cells, we linked it to a stearic acid moiety at its NH-terminus. Peptide 2 is taken up by the cells, where it inhibits DNA synthesis and causes apoptosis, while a scrambled peptide (with stearic acid) and peptide 2 without stearic acid are completely ineffective. Peptide 2 is more effective when cells are in anchorage-independent conditions than when they grow in monolayer cultures. Accordingly, we find that peptide 2 can inhibit the growth of a human prostatic cell line in nude mice. The proapoptotic effect of peptide 2 is inhibited by the expression of Bcl-2 or by a dominant negative mutant of caspase 9. These and other data indicate that peptide 2 does not seem to be competing directly with the IGF-IR for common substrates, but that its proapoptotic effect is related to its ability to activate the caspase cascade.
authors.affiliation: Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reiss
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yumet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alnemri
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Srinivasula
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morrione
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baserga
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000737:chemistry*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D004247:DNA; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D020169:Caspases