title: Pharmacological characterization of nicotine-induced acetylcholine release in the rat hippocampus in vivo: evidence for a permissive dopamine synapse.
abstract: In this study, the mechanism of nicotine-induced hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) release in awake, freely moving rats was examined using in vivo microdialysis. Systemic administration of nicotine (0.4 mg kg(-1), s.c.) increased the levels of ACh in hippocampal dialysates. The nicotine-induced hippocampal ACh release was sensitive to the pretreatment of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonists mecamylamine (3.0 mg kg(-1), s.c.) and dihydro-beta-erythrodine (DHbetaE; 4.0 mg kg(-1), s.c.) as well as systemic administration of the dopamine (DA) D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 (R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzaz epine; 0.3 mg kg(-1), s.c.). Local perfusion of mecamylamine (100 microM), DHbetaE (100 microM) or SCH-23390 (10 microM) through microdialysis probe did not increase basal hippocampal ACh release. Hippocampal ACh release elicited by systemic administration of nicotine (0.4 mg kg(-1), s.c.) was antagonized by local perfusion of SCH-23390 (10 microM), but not by MEC (100 microM) or DHbetaE (100 microM). Direct perfusion of nicotine (1 mM, but not 0.1 mM) increased hippocampal ACh levels; however, this effect was relatively insensitive to blockade by co-perfusion of either mecamylamine (100 microM) or SCH-23390 (10 microM). These results suggest that nicotine-induced hippocampal ACh release occurs by two distinct mechanisms: (1) activation of nAChRs outside the hippocampus leading to DA release and subsequent ACh release involving a permissive DA synapse, and (2) direct action of nicotine within the hippocampus leading to ACh release via non-DA-ergic mechanism.
authors.affiliation: SIBIA Neurosciences, Inc., La Jolla, California 92037-4641, USA.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004079:Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D004079:Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; D008464:Mecamylamine; D009538:Nicotine; D000109:Acetylcholine