Chlorine disinfection of recreational water for Cryptosporidium parvum.
We examined the effects of chlorine on oocyst viability, under the conditions of controlled pH and elevated calcium concentrations required for most community swimming pools. We found that fecal material may alter the Ct values (chlorine concentration in mg/L, multiplied by time in minutes) needed to disinfect swimming pools or other recreational water for Cryptosporidium parvum.
Carpenter
C
C
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
Fayer
R
R
Trout
J
J
Beach
M J
MJ
D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004203:Disinfection; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011998:Recreation; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000469:parasitology*
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004202:Disinfectants; D014867:Water; D002713:Chlorine