title: Latency-associated transcripts of equine herpesvirus type 4 in trigeminal ganglia of naturally infected horses.
abstract: Equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) is a major respiratory pathogen of horses. Unlike most other members of the Alphaherpesvirinae, EHV-4 was regarded as non-neurotropic. Here, neural and lymphoid tissues of 17 horses have been analysed post-mortem. EHV-4 DNA was detected in 11 cases (65%) by PCR, exclusively in the trigeminal ganglia. In order to define the transcriptional activity, RNA preparations of 10 EHV-4 DNA-positive ganglia were investigated by nested RT-PCR. EHV-4-specific transcripts derived from genes 63 [herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ICPO gene homologue] and 64 (HSV-1 ICP4 gene homologue) were detected in six trigeminal ganglia. In one other case, only gene 64-specific transcripts were present. All of the transcripts proved to be antisense orientated when a strand-specific RT-PCR was applied. Type-specific primers for gene 33 (encoding glycoprotein B) served to detect transcripts of an acute EHV-4-infection, which were found in only one of the six ganglia positive for gene 63- and gene 64-specific transcripts. Overall, these studies clearly demonstrate that EHV-4 is latent in trigeminal ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany1.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borchers
authors.affiliation: Institut für Veterinärpathologie, FU Berlin, Str. 518, Nr. 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany2.
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wolfinger
authors.affiliation: Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany1.
authors.forename: Hanns
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ludwig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D012367:RNA, Viral; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D018140:Varicellovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D017735:Virus Latency
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral