title: Laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for endometrial cancer: morbidity and survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to evaluate the morbidity, recurrence, and survival of patients with clinical stage I endometrial cancer treated by laparoscopic lymphadenectomy with vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article is a retrospective review of records for 56 patients. The mean follow-up among those alive at last contact was 2.4 years (range, 32 days-5.2 years). Staging according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (1988) was as follows: I, 45 (80.4%); II, 3 (5.4%); III, 6 (10.7%); and IV, 2 (3.6%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraoperative complications occurred in 4 patients (7.1%). Transformation to laparotomy was necessary in 7 patients. Postoperative complications were observed in 9 patients (16.1%). Pelvic irradiation was administered postoperatively to 11 patients (19.6%). Among the 45 patients with surgical stage I disease, the 3-year recurrence rate was 2.5% and the 3-year cause-specific survival was 96.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy provided 3-year survival and recurrence rates similar to those of the traditional abdominal approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Magrina
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Mutone
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Magtibay
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cornella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods*; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011878:Radiotherapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate