title: Management of congenital subglottic hemangioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of individualized management of congenital subglottic hemangioma (CSH) at the Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago; describe treatment modalities, including endoscopic excision with the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, systemic corticosteroids, and intralesional corticosteroid injection with short-term intubation; and determine the success of these various strategies in avoiding tracheotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the 10-year period between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1997, 28 infants were diagnosed with CSH. A retrospective review of medical records was undertaken to determine demographics, presenting symptoms, location of the lesion, therapeutic modality, and complications. All patients were contacted at the time of writing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight patients met the criteria for this study. Gender distribution was 1.8:1 female to male. Age at diagnosis ranged from 4 weeks to 8 months, with a mean of 78.8 days and a median of 60 days. The location of CSH was most often posterior and on the left. Associated hemangiomas were found in 14 (50%) cases. The most common symptoms were stridor and cough. Management included 1 to 13 operative direct laryngoscopies and bronchoscopies, endoscopic excision with the (CO2) laser, and the use of systemic and intralesional corticosteroids. No patient required tracheotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morbidity and the need for tracheotomy in CSH patients can be minimized using a combination of therapeutic modalities. Each infant's treatment is individualized based on the severity of the patient's symptoms and the morphology of the lesion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ludemann
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Holinger
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000473:pathology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000628:therapy*; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000151:congenital / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007440:Intubation; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014140:Tracheotomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids