Thapsigargin analogues for targeting programmed death of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.
A number of analogues of thapsigargin, a selective inhibitor of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases have been synthesized. In all of the prepared analogues the butanoyl residue at O-8 has been replaced with a residue containing an aromatic amine. The amine can be used as an anchoring point for attaching a peptide group sensitive to the proteolytic enzyme, prostate specific antigen, secreted by prostate cancer cells. Like thapsigargin, the analogues are capable of elevating the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration approximately sevenfold when tested at effective cytotoxic doses. The analogues in which the 8-O-butanoyl group has been replaced with 3-(4-aminophenyl)propanoyl or 4-aminocinnamoyl were found potently to induce programmed cell death of the prostate cancer cells.
Christensen
S B
SB
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen. sbc@mail.dfh.dk
Andersen
A
A
Kromann
H
H
Treiman
M
M
Tombal
B
B
Denmeade
S
S
Isaacs
J T
JT
D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
C121613:8-O-(3-(4-aminophenyl)propionyl)-8-O-debutanoylthapsigargin; C121614:8-O-(4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoyl)-8-O-debutanoylthapsigargin; D000728:Androgens; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011355:Prodrugs; D019284:Thapsigargin; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium