title: Germ cells may survive clipping and division of the spermatic vessels in surgery for intra-abdominal testes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laparoscopy is a well described modality that provides an accurate visual diagnosis upon which further management of intra-abdominal testes may be based. Laparoscopic ligation of spermatic vessels as stage 1 of the procedure is a natural extension of laparoscopy. A staged approach provides adequate viability of the intra-abdominal testis. However, it is uncertain whether the more sensitive germ cells survive this procedure in addition to the Sertoli and interstitial cells of the human testis. Survival of germ cells is a prerequisite of later fertility potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 17 nonpalpable testes in 10 patients 1 year and 7 months to 13(1/2) years old. Results of testicular biopsies of 13 intra-abdominal testes taken at stages 1 and 2 of surgery were available for histological comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median number of spermatogonia per tubular cross section of the biopsies taken at stage 2 was slightly lower (0.03) compared to the median number at stage 1 (0.06) of the operation but this difference was not significant (p = 0.2031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that the spermatogonia may survive clipping and division of the spermatic vessels, although the number of spermatogonia per tubular transverse section decreases slightly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thorup
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Visfeldt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D002470:Cell Survival; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male