title: Gene targeting is enhanced in human cells overexpressing hRAD51.
abstract: The ideal therapy for single gene disorders would be repair of the mutated disease genes. Homologous recombination is one of several cellular mechanisms for the repair of DNA damage. Recombination between exogenous DNA and homologous chromosomal loci (gene targeting) can be used to repair an endogenous gene, but the low efficiency of this process is a serious barrier to its therapeutic potential. Recent progress in the isolation and characterisation of mammalian genes and proteins involved in DNA recombination has raised the possibility that the cellular biochemistry of recombination can be manipulated to improve the efficiency of gene targeting. As an initial test of this approach, we have overexpressed the gene encoding hRAD51, a protein with homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange activities, in human cells and measured its effect on gene targeting. We report a two- to three-fold increase in gene targeting, and enhanced resistance to ionising radiation in hRAD51-overexpressing cells with no obvious detrimental effects. These observations provide valuable genetic evidence for the involvement of hRAD51 in both gene targeting and DNA repair in human cells. Our data also establish overexpression of recombination genes as a viable approach to improving gene targeting efficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Gene Targeting Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, DuCane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Yáñez
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018390:Gene Targeting; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; C495153:RAD51 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase