Immunogenicity and impact on nasopharyngeal carriage of a nonavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
The safety, immunogenicity, and impact on carriage of a nonvalent pneumococcal vaccine given at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks were examined in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 500 infants in Soweto, South Africa. No serious local or systemic side effects were recorded. Significant antibody responses to all pneumococcal serotypes were observed 4 weeks after the third dose. Haemophilus influenzae type b polyribosylribitol phosphate (geometric mean titer, 11.62 microg/mL) and diphtheria (1.39 IU/mL) antibodies were significantly higher in children receiving pneumococcal conjugate, compared with placebo recipients (4.58 microgram/mL and 0.98 IU/mL, respectively). Nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine serotypes decreased in vaccinees at age 9 months (18% vs. 36%), whereas carriage of nonvaccine serotypes increased (36% vs. 25%). Carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci (21% vs. 41%) and cotrimoxazole-resistant pneumococci (23% vs. 35%) were significantly reduced 9 months after vaccination, compared with controls.
Mbelle
N
N
MRC/SAIMR/WITS Pneumococcal Diseases Research Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Huebner
R E
RE
Wasas
A D
AD
Kimura
A
A
Chang
I
I
Klugman
K P
KP
D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007223:Infant; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D012703:Serotyping; D013019:South Africa; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014296:Trimethoprim Resistance; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000009:adverse effects
D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; C080881:diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-haemophilus b conjugate vaccine; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination