Anterior chest wall: frequency of anatomic variations in children.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the frequency of anterior chest wall variations in children.


METHODS
The computed tomographic (CT) images of 200 consecutive infants and children (114 boys and 86 girls; mean age, 10.5 years; age range, 3 months to 19 years) who underwent chest CT during a 20-month period were evaluated for chest wall variations. Children who had undergone chest wall surgery or were suspected of having a chest wall abnormality were excluded. The frequency of chest wall anomalies was compared with age and sex (Fisher exact test).


RESULTS
The CT scans of 65 children (33%) depicted one or more variations in the anterior chest wall: titled sternum (n = 29), prominent convexity of anterior rib or costal cartilage (n = 19), prominent asymmetric costal cartilage (n = 20), well-defined paracostal subcutaneous nodule (n = 4), mild pectus excavatum (n = 4), or mild pectus carinatum (n = 4). The frequency of these findings did not vary significantly with age (P = .96) or sex (P = .36).


CONCLUSIONS
Variations in the anterior chest wall are common, occurring in one-third of children, and should be considered normal. These asymptomatic variations should not be considered alarming when palpated at physical examination.
Donnelly
L F
LF
Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Frush
D P
DP
Foss
J N
JN
O'Hara
S M
SM
Bisset
G S
GS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002356:Cartilage / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012272:Ribs / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013249:Sternum / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013896:Thoracic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013909:Thorax / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed