title: Combined anti-fungal therapy and surgical resection as treatment of pulmonary zygomycosis in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: Opportunistic fungal infection is a rare but severe complication in allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. We report a 49-year-old patient who developed pneumonitis after BMT, due to a Mucorales fungus (class Zygomycetes), Absidia corymbifera. Infections due to mucormycosis are likely to become increasingly recognized even though the occurrence after BMT has only been described sporadically. We postulate that the patient was contaminated before BMT despite no intensive drug treatment or other iatrogenic features, related to his poor living conditions and developed the infection during aplasia. He immediately received i.v. liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) and GM-CSF. Because there was no response, the infected area and necrotic tissue were resected. Despite initial clinical and biological improvement and the absence of Mucor on mycological examination post-surgery, the patient died 3 weeks later from bilateral pulmonary infection and multiorgan failure.
authors.affiliation: Service des Maladies du Sang, Hôpital Huriez, CHRU de Lille, France.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Leleu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sendid
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fruit
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sarre
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wattel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bauters
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Facon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jouet
mesh_terms: D020095:Absidia; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000628:therapy*; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure; D009336:Necrosis; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor