Depressed in-patients respond differently to imipramine and mirtazapine.
Tricyclic antidepressants and more recent antidepressants are generally considered to have equivalent efficacy in the treatment of depression. After a previous report of a marked difference in the response to mirtazapine compared to imipramine, we report here an analysis of different symptom clusters. One hundred seven consecutive in-patients with major depression (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III-R, DSM-III-R) and a Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D) score of 18 points or more were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment. Two and four weeks after predefined blood levels had been obtained, the severity of depression was assessed using the HRS-D. The mean dosages used were 235 mg/day of imipramine and 77 mg/day of mirtazapine, the latter being in excess of the 15-45 mg/day range currently advised. Total HRS-D scores and seven symptom clusters were analyzed in the 85 patients (79%) who were not receiving any co-medication. Imipramine was more effective against the clusters related to core symptoms of depression: "depression and guilt", "retardation", and "melancholia", respectively. Mirtazapine showed a biphasic response with regard to the clusters "sleep" and "anxiety/agitation", respectively, which consisted of a marked response after two weeks of predefined blood level, but with a waning of this effect at four weeks. Imipramine produced a more gradual response on these clusters, which was more pronounced at four weeks than with mirtazapine. Two aspects of the present study could be related to this finding: blood level control resulted in optimal treatment with imipramine but not mirtazapine, and - most importantly - the patients were not receiving any anxiolytic or hypnotic co-medication. These findings suggest that mirtazapine may have anxiolytic and sedative properties and fewer antidepressant properties than imipramine in severely depressed in-patients.
Bruijn
J A
JA
Department of Psychiatry, "Dijkzigt" University Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Moleman
P
P
Mulder
P G
PG
van den Broek
W W
WW
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D008803:Mianserin; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D007099:Imipramine