title: The subjective effects of smoking on nasal symptoms.
abstract: One hundred and forty-four volunteers completed a validated questionnaire, to investigate the association between smoking, non-smoking and passive smoking status, and the degree of a range of 10 common nasal symptoms. Logistic regression showed that smokers were four times and passive smokers six times more likely to report hyposmia compared to non-smokers. No significant differences were found between the three groups for any of the other nine symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, North Riding Infirmary, Middlesbrough, UK.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: el-Hmd
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012912:Sneezing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires