title: Important role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in shear stress--induced endothelium-dependent relaxations in the rat mesenteric artery.
abstract: Shear stress is one of the most important stimulators for the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors. Although shear stress-induced release of nitric oxide (NO) has been extensively investigated, it remains to be elucidated whether endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) contributes to the endothelium-dependent relaxations to shear stress. This study was designed to address this point in the isolated rat mesenteric artery. Large mesenteric arteries (400-500 microm) and resistance mesenteric arteries (150-250 microm) of the rat were precontracted with phenylephrine (at 80 mm Hg of perfusion pressure), and the changes in vessel diameter in response to variable flow (0-300 microl/min) were continuously examined. The relative contributions of vasodilator prostaglandins, NO, and EDHF were analyzed by the inhibitory effects of indomethacin (10(-5) M), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10(-4) M), and KCl (40 mM), respectively. The shear stress-induced relaxations were totally endothelium dependent in both-sized blood vessels, and the contribution of NO was more prominent in large arteries than in resistance arteries, whereas that of EDHF was noted in both-sized blood vessels. Tetrabutylammonium (a nonselective inhibitor of K channels) almost abolished, whereas the combination of charybdotoxin (an inhibitor of both large- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+ -activated K channels) and apamin (an inhibitor of small-conductance Ca2+ -activated K channels) significantly inhibited the EDHF-mediated component of the shear stress-induced relaxations. These results indicate that EDHF plays an important role in shear stress-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations, where K channels, especially calcium-activated K channels, appear to be involved.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Angiocardiology and Cardiovascular Clinic, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Egashira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018056:Hemorheology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D011453:Prostaglandins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C067410:endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor; D009569:Nitric Oxide