title: Endometrial pathology in postmenopausal tamoxifen treatment: comparison between gynaecologically symptomatic and asymptomatic breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether endometrial pathology is more likely to be diagnosed in gynaecologically symptomatic rather than in gynaecologically asymptomatic postmenopausal breast cancer patients with tamoxifen treatment; and to evaluate the possible influence of various clinical factors on the incidence of endometrial pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial histological findings, transvaginal ultrasonographic endometrial thickness, demographic characteristics, health habits, and risk factors for endometrial cancer were compared between 14 gynaecologically symptomatic (group I) and 224 gynaecologically asymptomatic (group II) postmenopausal breast cancer patients with tamoxifen treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 28.6% of the study population had endometrial pathology. The incidence of overall positive endometrial histological findings was significantly higher in group I than in group II (92.9% v 24.6%, p < 0.0001). Atrophic endometrium was more common in group II than in group I (75.3% v 7.1%, p < 0.0001). Most other endometrial pathology was significantly more common in group I than in group II (endometrial hyperplasia, 35.7% v 5.6%, p < 0.0001; endometrial polyps, 35.7% v 13.4%, p < 0.0111; endometrial carcinoma, 21.5% v 0.9%, p < 0.0001). Endometrial pathology appeared considerably later in the gynaecologically asymptomatic patients than in gynaecologically symptomatic patients (p = 0.0002). Vaginal bleeding or spotting occurred exclusively in group I. The incidence of endometrial pathology in the entire study population was consistent with that reported elsewhere, and higher than that reported for healthy postmenopausal women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial pathology is more likely to be diagnosed in gynaecologically symptomatic postmenopausal breast cancer patients with tamoxifen treatment, and after a shorter duration of time, than in gynaecologically asymptomatic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sapir Medical Centre, Kfar Saba, Israel.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flex
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tepper
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Altaras
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cordoba
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beyth
mesh_terms: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen