title: Relaxation to assist sleep medication withdrawal.
abstract: This study explores the usefulness of relaxation and gradual medication withdrawal in weaning insomniacs from sleep (hypnotic) medication. We recruited 40 volunteers from the community who had insomnia, half of whom were chronic users of hypnotics while the other half were nonmedicated. Half of all participants (10 medicated and 10 nonmedicated) received progressive relaxation. All medicated participants received a standard gradual drug withdrawal program. Medicated participants reduced sleep medication consumption by nearly 80%. Participants who received relaxation obtained additional benefits in sleep efficiency, rated quality of sleep, and reduced withdrawal symptoms. Medicated and nonmedicated participants attained comparable, improved sleep by posttreatment and follow-up. Hypnotic withdrawal was accompanied by serious worsening of insomnia, but this dissipated by the end of the withdrawal period. The psychological treatment of hypnotic-dependent insomnia has high potential for making an important clinical contribution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lichstein
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Means
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Epperson
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Aguillard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001569:Benzodiazepines