title: Ames assays and unscheduled DNA synthesis assays on 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its derivatives.
abstract: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and several of its derivatives (collectively known as 2,4-D) are herbicides used to control a wide variety of broadleaf and woody plants. The genetic toxicity in vitro of 2,4-D and seven of its salts and esters were examined by employing gene mutation in bacteria (Ames test) and induction of DNA damage and repair in rat hepatocytes. In addition, an in vivo unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay was performed on 2,4-D. There were no indications of genotoxic potential for 2,4-D acid, or any of its derivatives, in these assays. These results are consistent with the reported lack of carcinogenic potential for 2,4-D in both mice and rats.
authors.affiliation: Charles and Conn, LLC, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Cunny
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bus
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Lawlor
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cifone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fellows
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gollapudi
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D004260:DNA Repair; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D009153:Mutagens; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D004247:DNA