title: Functional outcome in children with multiple trauma without significant head injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess functional outcome and describe disability at discharge in children who have had trauma without significant head injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Pediatric Trauma Registry, 1988-1994.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients of ages 7 to 18 years with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 13 to 15 without significant anatomic head inJury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at discharge was used to assess patient outcome. There were 13,649 children meeting study criteria who had sustained 34,254 injuries. Fractures constituted 30% of all injuries. As measured by FIM, 1,522 (11.2%) patients had mild disability at discharge; 1,983 (14.5%) had moderate disability. After adjustment for age and injury severity, children with lower extremity fractures were more likely to be discharged with functional limitations than those without (relative risk, 5.43; 95% confidence interval: 5.06, 5.84). Of children with moderate disability at discharge, less than 50% were referred for rehabilitation evaluation and less than 25% for physical therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Functional dependence is present in a large proportion of injured children, even without significant head injury. Rehabilitation and other services may be underused in this population. Further study is required to fully assess the degree and duration of disability in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Aitken
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DiScala
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Rivara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000145:classification / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States