title: Is transurethral biopsy of the bladder necessary after 3 months to evaluate response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the need for transurethral biopsy of the bladder at the 3-month evaluation in patients who have received intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 81 patients collectively received 83, 6-week courses of BCG between 1995 and 1997, and underwent transurethral bladder biopsies 3 months after initiation of immunotherapy. The pretreatment and posttreatment bladder biopsy results, urinary cytology and posttreatment cystoscopic findings were correlated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transitional cell carcinoma was demonstrated in 5 of 11 patients with erythematous bladder mucosa and a positive cytology compared to none of 37 with an erythematous lesion and a negative cytology. Of 12 patients with a papillary lesion on cystoscopy and a positive biopsy 10 had a negative cytology, and only 1 of 13 patients with a negative cystoscopy had a positive biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder biopsy is not necessary in patients 3 months after receiving BCG who have a normal office cystoscopy or an erythematous bladder and normal urine cytology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dalbagni
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rechtschaffen
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Herr
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine