title: Simple anti-reflux uretero-ileal anastomosis: an experimental study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop more simple and effective anti-reflux techniques applicable to the ileal reservoir, we examined the usefulness of a novel anti-reflux uretero-ileal anastomosis creating a flap valve mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five dogs were used. A 4 cm. long ileal segment was isolated and its oral part (2.5 cm.) was detubularized. The detubularized ileal plate was anastomosed to the dome of the bladder. The left ureter was cut and its proximal end was spatulated and anastomosed end-to-side to the ileal plate. The end of the 1.5 cm. long afferent limb (non-detubularized part of the ileal segment) was closed and fixed down to the ileal plate to create an extramural tunnel. In this way, the reimplanted ureter was covered by the afferent limb. The dogs were evaluated between 3 and 4 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the 5 dogs used showed vesico-ureteral reflux or hydronephrosis. Histological examination showed an intact ureter enclosed with a normal ileal wall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our proposed anti-reflux uretero-ileal anastomosis is simple and reliable. This technique may be suitable for applying to a urinary reservoir, especially as an alternative to the intussuscepted nipple valve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyokawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muraishi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*