title: Immune surveillance and antigen conformation determines humoral immune response to the prion protein immunogen.
abstract: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are progressive degenerative disorders of the central nervous system. PrP(Sc) is a TSE-specific marker derived from the host-encoded glycoprotein, PrPc. The generation of antibodies to PrP plays an important role in the diagnosis of these diseases. In this study the role of the PrP immunogen and the species being immunized was examined in relation to specific epitopes. Various mammals (mice, hamsters, rabbits and PrP null mice) were immunized with formic acid-treated PrP(Sc) isolated from mice, hamsters and sheep. Both the species being immunized and the source of immunogen played an important role in the antibody response. Response to a limited number of linear epitopes was seen among the various immunized animals. One region in the C-terminal portion of PrP appeared highly immunogenic in all species. Comparison of immunoreactivity and the pepscan-defined linear epitope sites suggests both linear and conformational directed responses in many of the animals. Information on the forces directing immune responses to PrP will lead to a better understanding of host-PrP interactions. It will also assist in the development of new strategies for generating additional tools for immunodiagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kascsak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kascsak
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Carp
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: LaFauci
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meloen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langeveld
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005561:Formates / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017096:Prion Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D011328:Prions / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000939:Epitopes; D005561:Formates; D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D011328:Prions; C030544:formic acid