title: Over-the-counter yellow ultraviolet light protective lenses: any benefit for individuals with diabetes mellitus?
abstract: The use of yellow UV protective lenses did improve some individual's ability to see even under artificial and controlled circumstances. Each test, although given in random order, cannot be interpreted to demonstrate the full range of benefit. The improvement for most was modest. Any improvement was most likely due to increased contrast. Light of a short wavelength is scattered more than long wavelength light. The yellow UV protective lenses block light of a short wavelength, thus reducing scatter and increasing contrast. Therefore, patients with visual problems of increased scatter would be expected to demonstrate the greatest improvement. We did not test for the duration of benefit. Subjective reports, from other patients, who have routinely used these lenses (only yellow lens-naive patients were included in the trial) suggest that the benefit increased with duration of use. Patients who routinely use the yellow UV protective lenses state that due to the increased contrast, they squint less. This seems to be most true at dusk. These regular users note that both their eyes are less tired and driving, in particular, is less stressful with the use of yellow lenses. The small benefit might conceivably be magnified in a real world setting. Given that the lenses cost only $10 to $15 and can be purchased in any sporting goods store, even our small measured improvement is likely to be worthwhile. Finally, patients were tested with "off-the-shelf" yellow lenses. To benefit patients the study was designed for their convenience and the low purchase price. The color of the lenses can be chosen to maximize the desired effect. We did not test various wavelength yellow lenses. Consequently, there may be better, albeit more expensive, yellow/orange lenses which might be designed explicitly for this purpose. In summary, the use of these yellow "sunglasses" might provide some improvement in sight for diabetic patients while keeping expense to a minimum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technology, University of Delaware, Newark 19716, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Maser
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lenhard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frattarola
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: DeCherney
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005135:Eye Protective Devices; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays