title: Luque trolley and convex epiphysiodesis in the management of infantile and juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of 5-year follow-up data from patients instrumented with Luque trolley with or without convex epiphysiodesis for management of progressive infantile and juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess results, establish predictors of outcome, and suggest more effective surgical interventions.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Initial results have been reported. There are no long-term follow-up studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Luque trolley instrumentation was used in eight patients with idiopathic scoliosis between 1983 and 1984. Luque trolley with convex epiphysiodesis was used in 18 patients between 1984 and 1990.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes in Cobb angle from 8-week to 5-year follow-up are as follows. For Luque trolley alone, Cobb angle worsened for all patients. For progressive infantile scoliosis managed with Luque trolley and convex epiphysiodesis, Cobb angle worsened in seven, remained unchanged in four, and improved in two patients. Mean age at operation was 3.1 years (range, 1.5-7.4 years), and instrumented spinal growth was 32% of expected growth. Preoperation Cobb angle was 65 degrees (range, 40-95 degrees). Cobb angle at 5-year follow-up was 32 degrees (range, 0-86 degrees), which is predicted by preoperation apical concave rib-spinal angle (P = 0.002) and upper end vertebral tilt (P = 0.04). For juvenile idiopathic scoliosis managed with Luque trolley and convex epiphysiodesis, Cobb angle worsened in three patients and improved in one.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Luque trolley instrumentation alone does not prevent curve progression. Additional convex epiphysiodesis results in curve resolution in some patients, which suggests a growth effect. Both spine and rib factors predict Cobb angle at 5-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, Nottingham University, England.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Burwell
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cummings
mesh_terms: D001915:Braces; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation