title: Tolerance of topical retinaldehyde in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retinaldehyde (RAL) has been used as a topical agent in many countries since 1994.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review current data on the tolerance of retinaldehyde and to report the results of a long-term pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from published and on-file studies have been compiled. Forty-five patients who had applied RAL on the face for 12-89 months were specifically examined for side-effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies in humans demonstrated an excellent tolerance of topical RAL on human skin. It was much better tolerated than retinoic acid and could be used even on sensitive facial skin. It does not have phototoxic or photo-allergic properties. No side-effects were associated with long-term use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current data indicate a good topical tolerance of RAL in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, J.-W. Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Sachsenberg-Studer
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012172:Retinaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D012172:Retinaldehyde