title: Effects of bovine immune and non-immune whey preparations on the composition and pH response of human dental plaque.
abstract: Colostral products from non-immunized cows (CP) and cows immunized with mutans streptococci (IP) were used as mouth rinses in a short-term human study. The acidogenic potential of the products was tested and found to be negligible in vivo before application to subsequent rinsing tests. At first, all the participants received a professional tooth cleaning, after which they rinsed with one of the solutions (IP; CP; water) three times per day for 3 d. After each rinsing period, the resting pH and decrease in plaque pH after sucrose challenge were determined, the amount of plaque was estimated, and all available plaque was collected. No significant differences were recorded in the composition or in the amounts of accumulated plaque. The resting pH values of plaques with low "innate" pH were increased after the IP rinsing period. Surprisingly, the lowest pH values after the sucrose challenge were recorded in IP plaques. The number of cultivable facultative flora or total streptococci were not affected by different rinsings, but the relative number of mutans streptococci significantly decreased after the IP rinsing period when compared to the CP period. Thus, the short term rinsing indicates favourable effects of bovine immune whey on human dental plaque.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry and Turku Immunology Centre, University of Turku, Finland. vuokko.loimaranta@utu.fi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Loimaranta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Söderling
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vasara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rokka
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marnila
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korhonen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tossavainen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tenovuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003126:Colostrum / Q000276:immunology; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007114:Immunization; D008297:Male; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D016986:Streptococcus sobrinus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D008894:Milk Proteins; D009067:Mouthwashes; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D013395:Sucrose