Major mental disorders in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. III. Neurotic and somatoform disorders.
This report presents estimates of the lifetime and point (one-month) prevalence of phobic anxiety, dissociative, other anxiety and somatoform disorders based on a survey conducted in Addis Ababa between September and December of 1994. An Amharic version of the CIDI was used to collect data from a random community sample of 1420 individuals aged 15 and above. Phobic anxiety disorders were found to be the most common of all anxiety disorders, with lifetime prevalence of 4.8%. The lifetime prevalence for dissociative disorders was 0.8% and for other anxiety disorders it was 2.7%. The prevalence of somatoform disorders was 3.1%. The lifetime prevalence for all the above neurotic and somatoform disorders was 10.8%. Point prevalence estimates (percent) for the disorders were as follows: phobic anxiety disorders, 4.4; other anxiety disorders, 1.2; dissociative disorders, 0.4; and somatoform disorders, 2.5. After adjusting for several potential confounders, women had over a two-fold risk of having neurotic and somatoform disorders compared to men, odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.38 (1.78, 3.12). Age was also inversely associated with the disorders. Those aged 60 and above had a 60% lower risk compared to those aged 15-24 years, OR (95% CI): 0.41 (0.20, 0.81). The 25% decreased risk for the employed, compared to the unemployed, was also not statistically significant. Education, marital status, and ethnicity were not significantly associated with neurotic and somatoform disorders.
Kebede
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Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Alem
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data