[Experimental transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (Acarina:Ixodidae)].
We have conducted experiments to assess the ability of Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi tick to transmit the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and determine their reproductive cycle. The Rh. e. evertsi was infected by intracoelomic (transparietal and intra-anal) inoculation during the imaginal stases and by oral feeding on an infected viremic goat during imaginal and nymphal stases. The infection rate, transovarial and trans-stasial CCHF virus transmission were monitored for virus reisolation after suckling mice inoculation and the virus identified by ELISA and IFA for antigen detection. After intracoelomic inoculation, unfed adults had viral titers ranging from 0.67 to 2.9 log DL50/0.02 ml and had transmitted the virus to their vertebrate hosts by blood feeding. After 8 to 10 days of blood feeding duration, infection rates were respectively 36% and 100% for male and female ticks. In two instances out of seven transovarial transmission was observed and the virus reisolated from larvae of first generation. However, the virus was not detected after nymphal metamorphosis. After blood feeding on viremic goats, 71% of the nymphae were infected. After metamorphoses 22% of the males and 42% of the females had a low virus titer. Rh. e. evertsi appears to have a limited efficacy in transmitting and replicating the CCHF virus but must be not neglected as a potential vector during an epizootic manifestation.
Faye
O
O
Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal. faysade@hotmail.com
Fontenille
D
D
Thonnon
J
J
Gonzalez
J P
JP
Cornet
J P
JP
Camicas
J L
JL
D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats; D003225:Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo / Q000254:growth & development; D006479:Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013987:Ticks / Q000254:growth & development