title: Ultrastructural localization of light-induced lipid peroxides in the rat retina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Localization of light-induced lipid peroxides in the rat retina at an ultrastructural level as benzidine-reactive substances.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-Evans rats with nondilated pupils were exposed to intense light of 6000 lux for 12 or 24 hours. Control animals were kept under physiological light conditions. Rats with dilated pupils were exposed to a light intensity of 50 lux or 150,000 lux for 1 hour. For ultrastructural localization the enucleated eyes were fixed in a 0.1-M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 2% glutaraldehyde for 2 hours. Pieces of the superior part of the central eyecup were incubated overnight with tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; pH 3.0) at 4 degrees C, postfixed with 1.5% OSO4, and embedded for electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In animals exposed to intense light, electron-dense structures appeared exclusively throughout the rod outer segments after an irradiation of 6000 lux for 24 hours or 150,000 lux for 1 hour and were absent in animals with nondilated pupils kept at physiological light conditions. Dilation of the pupils leads to the appearance of electron-dense structures after just 1 hour of 50 lux, whereas rats with nondilated pupils withstand even a 12-hour irradiation with 6000 lux. No electron-dense structures were found when no TMB was used in incubation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The appearance of electron-dense structures in the rod outer segments depends on the incubation with TMB and intensive light exposure of the rat. Dilation of the pupils lowers the threshold for the emergence of electron-dense structures significantly. This strongly supports the view that light-induced lipid peroxides in the rat retina are localized at an ultrastructural level as benzidine-reactive substances. This protocol presents a tool for the generation and ultrastructural localization of lipid peroxides in rat retinas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, University of Cologne, Germany. pkayatz@aol.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kayatz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heimann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schraermeyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001560:Benzidines / Q000378:metabolism; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000528:radiation effects; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D001560:Benzidines; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; C021758:3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine