title: Biliary secretion of extracorporeal porcine livers with single and dual vessel perfusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatic support systems that provide detoxification without biliary secretion (i.e., isolated hepatocyte systems) are sufficient to improve encephalopathy and bridge patients to transplantation. However, biliary secretion may be critical when hepatic support attempts to restore function and regeneration of the host liver. The purpose of these studies was to optimize the support liver secretory response to bile acid by either single-vessel (portal vein; PV) or dual-vessel (hepatic artery [HA] + PV) perfusions during extracorporeal porcine liver perfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extracorporeal porcine liver perfusion of anesthetized pigs was developed using support porcine livers perfused through the PV (n=4) alone and through the HA + PV (n=4) via a venovenous circuit. Support livers were provoked with taurocholate (TC) to enhance bile aqueous and hydrophobic outputs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After cold preservation and reperfusion, both PV and HA + PV livers had initial 1-hr bile aqueous outputs < 15% of in vivo flow, with cholesterol (C) and phospholipid (PC) outputs <25% of in vivo flow. Bile flow was significantly greater for recovered HA + PV livers (3.0+/-0.01 ml/15 min) than PV livers (1.9+/-0.01 ml/15 min). Despite this, PC output was significantly greater for PV than HA + PV livers. The C/PC ratio of PV livers was twice that of HA + PV livers. TC infusion (48 micromol/kg/15 min) of HA + PV livers demonstrated significantly greater increments in bile flow, PC output, and C output than PV livers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the unstimulated state, porcine support livers with dual-vessel perfusion generated greater aqueous and C outputs despite diminished PC output than in those with single-vessel perfusion. TC stimulation increased bile flow, PC output, and C output in dual-perfused livers more than in PV livers. HA + PV perfusion of support livers is the preferred technique for removing hydrophobic compounds that require PC transport for excretion or exist in the aqueous phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655, USA.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vittimberga
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Quarfordt
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Traylor
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: MacPhee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Callery
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Meyers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D008099:Liver; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011169:Portal Vein; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids; D002784:Cholesterol