title: Site-specific NMDA receptor antagonists produce differential effects on cocaine self-administration in rats.
abstract: The effects of site-specific NMDA receptor antagonists on intravenous cocaine self-administration were examined in rats trained to self-administer cocaine (0.25 mg/infusion) on a fixed ratio (FR) 5 schedule with a 20-s time-out (TO) after each reinforcer. The non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists, dizocilpine (MK-801, (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine hydrogen maleate) (0.05-0.2 mg/kg i.p.) and memantine (1,3-dimethyl-5-amino-adamantane hydrochloride) (2.5-20 mg/kg i.p.), dose-dependently decreased cocaine self-administration, while the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, CGP 39551 (DL-(E)-2-amino-4-methyl-5-phosphono-3-pentanoic acid carboxyethylester) (2.5-15 mg/kg i.p.), and the NMDA/glycine receptor antagonist, L-701,324 (7-chloro-4-hydroxy-3(3-phenoxy)-phenyl-2(H)quinolone) (1.25-10 mg/kg p.o.), were without effect. Under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule, dizocilpine (0.15 mg/kg i.p.) increased the number of cocaine infusions in a manner similar to increasing the unit dose of cocaine, suggestive of potentiation of cocaine reward. Conversely, memantine (10 mg/kg i.p.) produced rate-decreasing effects on the PR schedule. These results demonstrate that NMDA receptor antagonists acting at different modulatory sites of the NMDA receptor do not share dizocilpine's cocaine reward enhancing effects although they are all known to be effective blockers of NMDA receptor activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland. petri.hyytia@ktl.fi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hyytiä
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bäckström
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liljequist
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008559:Memantine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C064540:CGP 39551; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; D003042:Cocaine; D008559:Memantine