title: Geographical variations in the concentration of biliary free fatty acids with anti-mutagenic action.
abstract: The concentrations and compositions of free fatty acids (FFAs) in human bile, especially of inhibitory free fatty acids (IFFAs), were analyzed in terms of anti-mutagenic effects in relation to the mutagenic activity of bile. Bile samples were collected from patients with cholelithiasis residing in either Niigata or Kochi prefectures of Japan, regions characterized as the highest and lowest risk areas for gallbladder cancer (GBC), respectively. Biliary FFAs and IFFAs were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and mutagenicity was examined in by the Ames test (TA98+S9mix) after blue rayon treatment. There was a tendency for higher biliary FFA and IFFA concentrations in the Kochi subjects, but the proportion of IFFA to the total FFA concentration did not differ between the two areas. There was an inverse correlation between the concentrations of IFFAs and the numbers of revertant colonies in both Niigata and Kochi subjects. However, at a dose of 591 micromol/l, (calculated based on the average amount of IFFAs absorbed in blue rayon) IFFAs did not exhibit anti-mutagenic actions in the blue rayon extracts. Within this range, more positive samples were seen in Niigata than in Kochi, suggesting the presence of more active mutagen(s) in Niigata samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan. mashie@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogoshi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinebuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified