title: Rhodamine 6G efflux for the detection of CDR1-overexpressing azole-resistant Candida albicans strains.
abstract: We investigated the drug efflux mechanism in azole-resistant strains of Candida albicans using rhodamine 6G (R6G). No significant differences in R6G uptake were observed between azole-sensitive B2630 (9.02 +/- 0.02 nmol/10(8) cells) and azole-resistant B67081 (8.86 +/- 0.03 nmol/10(8) cells) strains incubated in glucose-free phosphate buffered saline. A significantly higher R6G efflux (2.0 +/- 0.21 nmol/10(8) cells) was noted in the azole-resistant strain (B67081) when glucose was added, compared with that in the sensitive strain B2630 (0.23 < or = 0.14 nmol/10(8) cells). A fluconazole-resistant strain C40 that expressed the benomyl resistance gene (CaMDR) also showed a low R6G efflux (0.16 +/- 0.06 nmol/10(8) cells) as did the sensitive strains. Accumulation of R6G in growing C. albicans cells was inversely correlated with the level of CDR1 mRNA expression. Our data also suggest that measurement of intracellular accumulation of R6G is a useful method for identification of azole-resistant strains due to CDR1-expressed drug efflux pump.
authors.affiliation: The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maesaki
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marichal
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vanden Bossche
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sanglard
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001542:Benomyl / Q000494:pharmacology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019450:Genes, MDR; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; C094693:CDR1 protein, Candida albicans; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D012235:Rhodamines; C026188:rhodamine 6G; D001542:Benomyl