title: Enhanced antitumor immune responses of IL-2 gene-modified tumor vaccine by combination with IL-1 and low dose cyclophosphamide.
abstract: To enhance the antitumor immunity induced by IL-2 gene-modified tumor vaccine, we proposed a combined protocol to treat tumor-bearing mice using IL-2 gene-modified tumor vaccine in combination with IL-1 and low-dose Cyclophosphamide(Cy). After treatment with IL-2 gene-modified B16 melanoma cell vaccine alone, the pulmonary metastases of tumor-bearing mice were reduced and their survival time was prolonged. The anti-metastases effect was improved when the vaccine was used in combination with IL-1 or low-dose Cy. The best therapeutic effect was achieved when the IL-2 gene-modified vaccine was combined with IL-1 and low-dose Cy. The cytotoxicity of the splenic CTL, NK, and the levels of IL-2, TNF secreted by splenocytes increased after tumor-bearing mice were treated with the IL-2 gene-modified tumor vaccine. The above antitumor immune functions were augmented more significantly when IL-1, low-dose Cy were used in combination with IL-2 genemodified tumor vaccine. These results demonstrated that the IL-2 gene modified vaccine could exert more potent anti-metastases effects when it is combined with IL-1 or/and low-dose Cy by activating the specific and non-specific antitumor immune responses more effectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D003520:Cyclophosphamide