Mechanism of GnRH receptor signaling: from the membrane to the nucleus.
The purpose of this review is to update the information concerning the intracellular effect of GnRH. Binding of GnRH to a G-protein coupled receptor leads to stimulation of Gq and/or G11 protein and to activation of phospholipase C beta. Inositol 1-4-5-triphosphate and early diacylylycerol are the second messengers required for conventional protein kinase C activation. Activation of phospholipase A2 and phospholipase D are also involved, as demonstrated by the liberation of Arachidonic Acid and Phosphatidic Acid. Pituitary cells also express atypical protein kinase C isoforms which mode of activation is not known. Hypothesis concerning transcriptional regulation are presented.
Shacham
S
S
Department of Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Cheifetz
M N
MN
Lewy
H
H
Ashkenazi
I E
IE
Becker
O M
OM
Seger
R
R
Naor
Z
Z
D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011966:Receptors, LHRH; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011494:Protein Kinases; D010740:Phospholipases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins