title: Roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration and deoxyriboncleic acid synthesis by insulin-like growth factor-I.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a potent stimulator of vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration, a process that contributes to the accumulation of SMC within atherosclerotic lesions. Our previous studies have shown that IGF-I increases the affinity of the alphaVbeta3 integrin toward ligands and that occupancy of this integrin is indispensable for IGF-I to stimulate cell migration. In this study, the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in IGF-I induced cell motility and integrin activation was studied using porcine aortic smooth muscle cells (pSMC). Two structurally different inhibitors of PI 3-kinase decreased IGF-I-stimulated pSMC migration in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of wortmannin for inhibiting migration was 10 nM, and that of LY294002 was 0.3 microM. These inhibitors also suppressed IGF-I-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B PKB/Akt at Ser437 using concentrations that also inhibited cell motility. PD98059, an inhibitor of the MAPK pathway, was somewhat less potent than PI 3-kinase inhibitors in blocking cell migration that had been stimulated by IGF-I. When IGF-I increased migration of pSMC 2.1-fold above control, 100 nM wortmannin inhibited this response by 79%, 1 microM LY294002 inhibited it by 58%, and 50 microM PD98059 caused a 34% reduction. In comparison, 100 nM wortmannin inhibited IGF-I stimulated DNA synthesis by 57%, 1 microM LY294002 inhibited it by 59%, whereas 50 microM PD98059 suppressed it completely. Thus, activation of PI 3-kinase plays the major role in IGF-I-stimulated migration and proliferation of pSMC. While the activation of the MAPK pathway seems to be necessary for stimulation of mitogenesis by IGF-I, the contribution of this pathway in IGF-I-induced cell migration is limited in pSMC. Interestingly, neither PI 3-kinase inhibitors nor PD98059 blocked the increase in alphaVbeta3 integrin affinity that followed IGF-I treatment. Therefore, although both the PI 3-kinase and MAPK pathways were used by IGF-I to increase migration of pSMC, alphaVbeta3 integrin activation did not depend on either PI 3-kinase or MAPK activation, suggesting the possible importance of some other signal transduction pathway to account for its full actions on pSMC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7170, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Clemmons
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002867:Chromones; D004247:DNA; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D000077191:Wortmannin; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one