title: Guidelines for sugar consumption in Europe: is a quantitative approach justified?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is incongruity between the sugar consumption guidelines set in different European countries. A number have adopted maximum limits ranging from 10-25% energy, while others have no quantitative recommendations at all. This raises the question whether or not there should be a common European guideline for sugar consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper examines if such a goal for sugar is merited and reviews the published literature on associations between sugar consumption and dental caries, obesity and micronutrient dilution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evidence showed that higher intakes of sugar were related to leanness, not obesity, and had no detrimental effects on micronutrient intakes in most people. In the case of dental caries, there was a relationship between frequency of sugar intake and the incidence of decay. However, in populations where fluoride use was adequate, associations between sugar intake and caries rarely reached statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available evidence does not justify a common quantitative recommendation for sugar. It is suggested that dental caries merits a more integrated public health approach where advice on the frequency of foods containing fermentable-carbohydrates is placed in context alongside oral hygiene.
authors.affiliation: The Sugar Bureau, London.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ruxton
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Garceau
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cottrell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose