title: The outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in patients with retrograde ejaculation.
abstract: The objective of this retrospective clinical study was to assess the benefit of assisted fertilization in cases of anejaculatory infertility due to retrograde ejaculation. We report the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. In 16 couples in which the men suffered from retrograde ejaculation. We performed 35 cycles of ICSI with spermatozoa retrieved from post-ejaculatory urine. The patients had been instructed to alkalinize the urine by ingesting sodium bicarbonate before the procedure. The fertilization rate averaged 51.2%. Seven clinical pregnancies were achieved. Three spontaneous first trimester abortions occurred, but three live offspring were delivered and one pregnancy is ongoing. In conclusion, the use of ICSI may be feasible for patients with retrograde ejaculation who are resistant to medical treatment and whose sperm quality is so low or unpredictable that intrauterine insemination or conventional methods of in-vitro fertilization are not possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Lübeck, Fertility Center Hamburg and Krankenhaus Rosenhöhe-Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nikolettos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Hasani
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baukloh
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schöpper
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baban
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rudolf
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomalak
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Tinneberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diedrich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004542:Ejaculation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D008875:Middle Aged; D009865:Oocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014556:Urine