title: Intracranial pathology: comparison of intraoperative ultrasonography with computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-resolution, real time, intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) has been used in a number of cases in our neurosurgical department to identify, localize and characterize intracranial abnormalities. We compare the images of IOUS with those of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to enhance our experience and confidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  IOUS images were compared with preoperative CT scans and/or MRIs in 30 intracranial masses. Tumor size and margin, echogenicity and edema were the features compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The images of IOUS, CT and MRI correlated closely except for images of primary gliomas. IOUS was more effective than CT and MRI in delineating the extent of a glioma, determining whether a lesion was cystic, with or without septation, or solid and in guiding surgical procedures. The contrast enhancement available with CT and MRI could not be demonstrated with IOUS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IOUS provides exquisite detail of intracranial pathology as well as, or even better than, CT and MRI. Its application should be emphasized to minimize damage of normal brain tissue and increase the completeness of tumor resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lirng
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004453:Echoencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed