title: Does social disadvantage contribute to the excess mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular causes and malignancy. The influence of disadvantage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), who are known to have premature mortality, has not been ascertained.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relation between the level of patient deprivation and mortality in RA patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  200 RA patients, enrolled in a study comparing sulfasalazine and penicillamine in 1984-85, have been followed up prospectively for 12 years. Subjects were categorised into Carstairs groups with deprivation scores ranging from 1 (most affluent) to 7 (most deprived). Information about deaths was obtained from the Registrar General in Scotland, death certificates and GP/hospital records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were more RA patients in the deprived areas then expected compared with the West of Scotland and England and Wales. Some 47.5% of the RA patients had died by 12 years-the majority of cardiorespiratory causes or malignancy. There were no differences in the median age or disease duration in the various Carstairs groups at study entry, but the percentage of deaths was higher in the more deprived groups after 12 years (36% dead in most affluent area compared with 61% in the most deprived, that is, in groups 6 and 7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with RA increasing deprivation was associated with premature mortality. If confirmed elsewhere these findings have implications for rheumatological management strategies, for researchers involved in collaborative studies of patients from different socioeconomic backgrounds and for resource allocation.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow G4 0SF.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maiden
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Capell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madhok
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hampson
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate