title: Long-term benefits of exercise maintenance after outpatient rehabilitation program in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimal strategies to maintain short-term benefits of an initial rehabilitation program (RP) are not known. To assess the long-term effects of exercise maintenance (EM) after an initial outpatient RP, the authors conducted a prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight patients with moderate to moderately severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who completed an initial 7-week outpatient RP were included. They were allocated into four groups according to the conditions of EM they self-selected: 15 patients received a structured EM session supervised by a physiotherapist twice a week (group A); 14 patients received a structured EM session supervised by a physiotherapist once a week (group B); 15 patients continued self EM daily at home (group C); and 14 patients did not continue EM (group D). Patients were evaluated before, immediately after, and 18 months after the initial outpatient RP. Measurements included exercise testing on a cycle ergometer and a visual analog scale to evaluate chronic dyspnea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After RP, all patients exhibited improvements in maximal workload (P < 0.05) and in dyspnea (P < 0.05). Improvements in maximal workload were maintained at 18 months in patients in groups A, B, and C but these only reached significance in groups B and C (P < 0.05). On the other hand, maximal workload returned to baseline values in group D (P = 0.01) at 18 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate definite benefits of EM after an initial outpatient RP compared with no EM. Daily EM at home appears to be as efficient as structured EM sessions supervised by a physiotherapist, once or twice a week, in moderate to moderately severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
authors.affiliation: CLEFAR, Clinique de La Louvière, Lille, France.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Grosbois
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamblin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chekroud
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dernis
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Douay
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fortin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome