title: Reconstructive renal surgery using a water jet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe the successful application of a water jet to reconstructive renal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two consecutive patients underwent reconstructive renal surgery using a waterjet apparatus for a 4.0x6.5 cm. well encapsulated tumor of the lower pole of the left kidney and a 4.5x2.5 cm. staghorn calculus of the left kidney, respectively. The water jet apparatus (Parenchimotom 01) consists of a pressure generating pump and a flexible hose connected to the hand piece, and a nozzle with a pinhole opening of 0.3 mm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients underwent surgery through a left lumbar incision. Partial nephrectomy was performed in 1 patient and anatrophic nephrotomy for stone removal in the other. Dissection time was 25 and 12 minutes, with blood loss of 150 and 100 ml., respectively. No temporary vascular clamping or local hypothermia was necessary. Both patients were discharged home 10 days after surgery and at followup no negative sequelae were attributable to the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The operative procedures proved easy, fast and effective. No temporary vessel clamping or hypothermia was required. Using a water jet is a novel approach that is helpful in renal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Penchev
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Losanoff
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kjossev
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water