title: SNV, a lipophilic superactive VIP analog, acts through cGMP to promote neuronal survival.
abstract: The current study explored whether the neuroprotective effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its analog Stearyl-Nle17-VIP (SNV) were mediated through cGMP. SNV, was previously found to be 100-fold more potent than VIP in providing neuroprotection. Neuronal survival was assessed in rat cerebral cortical cultures. A cGMP antagonist (RP-8-pCPT-cGMPS, 10(-12)-10(-9) M) reduced the number of surviving neurons (40-60%), this decline was spared in the presence of SNV (10(-13)M). A cGMP agonist (Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS, 10(-14)-10(-8)M) and SNV (10(-16)-10(-8)M) both provided significant neuroprotection against 10(-12) M of the cGMP antagonist. Immunoassays indicated that SNV induced increases in cGMP (two-threefold) in these cultures, whereas VIP was 1000-fold less potent. These results implicate cGMP as a second messenger for VIP/SNV-mediated effects on neuronal survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ashur-Fabian
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Perl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lilling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fridkin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gozes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000819:agonists / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C090860:8-(4-chlorophenylthio)guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013873:Thionucleotides; C086770:stearyl-norleucine(17)-vasoactive intestinal peptide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D006152:Cyclic GMP