title: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in the evaluation of squamous cell cancer of the vulva.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A pilot study was undertaken to determine the lymphatic drainage of vulvar cancer using cutaneous lymphoscintigraphy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with biopsy-proved T1 squamous cell cancer of the vulva were studied using 0.4 to 0.6 mCi Tc-99m HSA. Planar imaging was performed after patients received intradermal injections of Tc-99m HSA in a total volume of 0.4 ml at four sites around the vulvar lesion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor locations included two midline lesions and three anterior third lesions. One tumor was located in the midthird of the labia majora. There was no clinically suspicious inguinal adenopathy in any patient. Based on classic anatomic descriptions of cutaneous lymphatic drainage, all but one patient would have been predicted to have drainage to both inguinal nodal basins. Cutaneous lymphoscintigraphy was successful in all six patients. Unilateral drainage was shown in five of six patients. Only one patient had bilateral inguinal drainage, and her tumor was located in the left anterior third of the labia minora.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cutaneous lymphoscintigraphy with Tc-99m HSA is easily performed and may be potentially useful in defining lymphatic basins at risk in squamous cell cancer of the vulva.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu 96813, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bowles
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Coel
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007264:Inguinal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D061305:Lymphoscintigraphy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011300:Preoperative Care; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin