title: Tetracaine gel vs EMLA cream for percutaneous anaesthesia in children.
abstract: We have evaluated the anaesthetic effect of tetracaine gel 1 g, applied for 45 min, compared with EMLA cream 2 g, applied for 60 min, in a randomized, double-blind study in 60 children aged 3-15 yr. Venous cannulation was performed 15 min after removal of the EMLA cream (n = 20) and tetracaine gel (n = 20). Cannulation was performed up to 215 min after removal of the tetracaine gel in another 20 patients. Significantly lower pain scores were recorded by the children treated with tetracaine gel compared with EMLA cream (P < 0.02). Forty to 45% of children in the tetracaine groups reported no pain compared with only 10% in the EMLA group. Only minor adverse effects were observed. We conclude that tetracaine gel provided effective, rapid, long-lasting and safe local anaesthesia, and was significantly better than EMLA cream in reducing pain during venous cannulation in children using the recommended application periods for both formulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rømsing
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Henneberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walther-Larsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kjeldsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D009824:Ointments; D011318:Prilocaine; D013748:Tetracaine
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005782:Gels; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D009824:Ointments; D011318:Prilocaine; D013748:Tetracaine; D008012:Lidocaine