title: HBeAg immunostaining of liver tissue in various stages of chronic hepatitis B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the tissue expression of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in 29 liver biopsies from 27 HBV carriers.
  
  
  METHODS
  HBeAg expression was assessed in relation to HBeAg in serum, precore mutations, HBV DNA levels and liver damage as measured by histology activity index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HBeAg in liver tissue was detected by immunostaining in 6 of 7 patients positive for HBeAg in serum. In patients negative for HBeAg in serum, HBeAg was detected in none of 11 specimens from patients infected exclusively with a precore mutant that disrupts HBeAg synthesis, as compared with 3 of 11 specimens from patients carrying HBV with an intact precore region. These 3 patients all showed high HBV DNA levels in serum and severe liver damage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, viral replication was strongly associated with the cytoplasmic HBeAg and nuclear HBcAg staining, but not with tissue staining for HBsAg. Because of the close relationship between tissue HBeAg expression and high viral load, the pathogenetic importance of HBeAg remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Virology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garwood
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horal
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Norkrans
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Dhillon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D001706:Biopsy; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens