title: Correlation of activated clotting time and activated partial thromboplastin time to plasma heparin concentration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the correlation between activated clotting time (ACT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and plasma heparin concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-phase prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated community hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients receiving continuous-infusion intravenous heparin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurement of ACT, aPTT and plasma heparin concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Linear and log linear correlations were determined between clotting time tests and heparin concentrations. Linear correlations yielded r values of 0.58 for ACT (p=0.008) and 0.89 for aPTT (p=0.0001). Log linear correlations yielded r values of 0.60 for ACT (p=0.005) and 0.88 for aPTT (p=0.0001). A decision analysis was performed to determine possible consequences of dosage adjustments based on either test in relationship to the decision based on plasma heparin concentration. The decision analysis based on ACT disagreed with corresponding decisions based on plasma heparin concentration in 15 of 30 patients; 13 disagreements may have increased the risk of bleeding, and the other 2 may have increased the risk of thrombosis. Decisions based on aPTT disagreed with corresponding decisions based on plasma heparin concentration in 13 of 30 patients; 2 disagreements may have increased the risk of bleeding, and the other 11 may have increased the risk of thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are significant statistical linear and log linear correlations between both clotting time tests and plasma heparin concentrations, with aPTT showing stronger correlation than ACT. However, decisions regarding heparin therapy based on ACT may increase a patient's risk of bleeding, whereas decisions based on aPTT may increase the risk of thrombus progression or rethrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Services, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Koerber
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smythe
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Begle
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mattson
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Kershaw
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Westley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors; D014914:Whole Blood Coagulation Time
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin