title: Use of a hybrid capture assay of self-collected vaginal swabs in rural Uganda for detection of human papillomavirus.
abstract: A random sample of 960 women aged 15-59 years enrolled in a population-based study in rural Uganda were asked to provide self-collected vaginal swabs for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing by hybrid capture assay. The intensity of HPV infection was assessed by the relative light unit (RLU) ratio in the specimen-to-positive control (PC) ratio. In total, 898 women (93%) provided a swab and 737 provided serum for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) determination. HPV prevalence was 16.7% and was highest in younger women. HIV-1 prevalence was 17.8%. HPV prevalence was 44.3% in HIV-positive and 10.2% in HIV-negative women (rate ratio, 5.36; 95% confidence interval, 3.81-7.54). The intensity of HPV infection was significantly greater among HIV-positive than HIV-negative women (54. 4 vs. 11.1 RLU/PC; P=.026); intensity of infection was highest in women aged <30 years. The higher prevalence and intensity of HPV infection in HIV-positive women could facilitate HPV transmission in this population. Self-collected vaginal swabs could be used in population-based screening to identify women at high risk of cervical neoplasia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serwadda
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wawer
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sewankambo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lorincz
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Meehan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wabwire-Mangen
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D014626:Vaginal Smears