title: Percutaneous gastrostomy for enteral nutrition: long-term follow-up of 176 procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous gastrostomy (PG), using small catheters without gastropexy, to deliver enteral nutrition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 176 consecutive patients in whom PG was attempted for enteral nutrition. Of these cases, 172 catheters were inserted by the Seldinger technique under fluoroscopic guidance alone, 2 were inserted under computed tomographic guidance, and 2 procedures failed. In primary procedures, 8.5- or 10.2-French catheters were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical success rate was 98.9%. Of the 176 procedures, 2 failed because of the high position of the stomach. Seven-day follow-up was obtained in all patients; 30-day follow-up in 145 patients (83%), and long-term follow-up (30 to 1512 days) in 123 patients (70%). The 30-day mortality rate was 13.2%. One death (0.5%) was directly related to the procedure. Major complications occurred in 4 patients (2.2%), and minor complications in 12 patients (6.9%). No patient required surgery for complications attributable to the gastrostomy procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PG without gastropexy using small catheters is a simple, safe and effective technique for delivering enteral nutrition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University René Descartes-Paris V, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Boulogne, France. salah.qanadli@apr.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Qanadli
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Barré
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mesurolle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el Hajjam
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Mulot
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strumza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chagnon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lacombe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies