title: Morphine tolerance and dependence in mice with history of repeated exposures to NMDA receptor channel blockers.
abstract: Mice were subjected to two successive treatment protocols: first with NMDA receptor channel blockers (14 days, once a day) and second with morphine (5 mg/kg, 8 days, once a day). Treatment with the higher doses of dizocilpine (1 mg/kg), memantine (30 mg/kg), and MRZ 2/576 (30 mg/kg) upon discontinuation revealed only minor behavioral abnormalities attributable to the state of withdrawal. Following repeated administration of low-dose morphine, tolerance to morphine analgesia developed in mice preexposed to dizocilpine (1 mg/kg but not 0.3 mg/kg) but not memantine (10 and 30 mg/kg), MRZ 2/579 (10 and 30 mg/kg), or saline. There were no signs of morphine dependence in any treatment group. Overall, the present study found only minor effects of the subchronic administration of high doses of NMDA receptor channel blockers, suggesting that clinical use of NMDA receptor channel blockers such as memantine will not be accompanied by increased propensity to induction of morphine tolerance and dependence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychopharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Dravolina
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Belozertseva
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Sukhotina
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Bespalov
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008559:Memantine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000523:psychology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D009020:Morphine; C114144:neramexane; D008559:Memantine