title: Early detection of apoptosis and fas ligand expression in hepatic graft-versus-host disease after rat small bowel transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The liver is one of the primary targets of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is the principal complication that occurs after allogeneic intestinal transplantation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the involvement of the Fas/Fas ligand system in hepatic GVHD after rat semiallogeneic intestinal transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver samples were serially harvested from LEW x BN F(1) (LBNF(1)) recipients of either LEW heterotopic intestinal allografts (group 1) or LBNF(1) isografts (group 2), on Days 1, 3, 5, 9, and 13 posttransplant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1, hepatic injuries as assessed by either serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, or cellular infiltration on HE staining became apparent after Day 13. The incidence of apoptosis, examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), was observed to steadily increase in the liver from Day 5 accompanied by a progression of GVHD: 17.5 +/- 3.1 and 3.1 +/- 0.4 cells/field (200x) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. In an immunohistochemical study, Fas was constitutively expressed in the liver in both groups, while Fas ligand was expressed most extensively on Day 13 in group 1. Immunoreactivity of both Fas and Fas ligand was observed in hepatocytes, in addition to leukocytes. Analysis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction also revealed the expression of Fas mRNA to be constitutive in both groups, while that of Fas ligand mRNA increased significantly from Day 5 and peaked on Day 13 in group 1, and the expression was 10 times stronger than that for isogeneic combination (group 2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early detection of upregulated Fas ligand and increased apoptosis is thus considered to be potentially a useful tool for the diagnosis of hepatic GVHD.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Uehara 207, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan. masa@med.u-ryuku.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiroyasu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshiro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagahama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mamadi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000637:transplantation*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505662:Faslg protein, rat; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019014:fas Receptor