title: Transanal MR imaging after repair of anorectal anomalies in children: appearances in pull-through versus posterior sagittal reconstructions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to use transanal MR imaging to compare the anatomic appearance of the components of the anal sphincter and the pattern of scarring after a pull-through perineoplasty versus a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen children ranging in age from 10 months to 15 years (mean, 10 years) were imaged using transanal receiver coils appropriate to the size of the child. Five had low, four intermediate, and seven high anomalies. Seven had undergone a transanal pull-through procedure, and nine had undergone posterior sagittal reconstruction. The integrity of the muscles was assessed on T1-weighted and short inversion time inversion recovery transverse and coronal images using a qualitative MR imaging score. The pattern of scarring was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the transanal pull-through group, four of seven patients showed external sphincter deficiency. A circumferential low-signal-intensity band was seen inferior to the sphincter in six patients. All posterior sagittal reconstructions had a long posterior midline scar. Five of nine patients showed external sphincter deficiency, whereas a further two had internal sphincter deficiency. No differences were seen in MR imaging scores for each operative procedure for all grades of severity of anorectal anomaly. However, a comparison between high and intermediate anomalies showed a small improvement in MR imaging score using the transanal pull-through procedure (Mann-Whitney U test = 3, p < .03). Manometric pressures obtained in 13 patients were poor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transanal MR imaging identifies focal defects and patterns of scarring of the anal sphincter complex in infants and children and provides valuable information about individual muscle components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: deSouza
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battin
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: McIver
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010502:Perineum / Q000601:surgery; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery