Modulation of mammalian dendritic GABA(A) receptor function by the kinetics of Cl- and HCO3- transport.
1. During prolonged activation of dendritic GABAA receptors, the postsynaptic membrane response changes from hyperpolarization to depolarization. One explanation for the change in direction of the response is that opposing HCO3- and Cl- fluxes through the GABAA ionophore diminish the electrochemical gradient driving the hyperpolarizing Cl- flux, so that the depolarizing HCO3- flux dominates. Here we demonstrate that the necessary conditions for this mechanism are present in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell dendrites. 2. Prolonged GABAA receptor activation in low-HCO3- media decreased the driving force for dendritic but not somatic Cl- currents. Prolonged GABAA receptor activation in low-Cl- media containing physiological HCO3- concentrations did not degrade the driving force for dendritic or somatic HCO3- gradients. 3. Dendritic Cl- transport was measured in three ways: from the rate of recovery of GABAA receptor-mediated currents between paired dendritic GABA applications, from the rate of recovery between paired synaptic GABAA receptor-mediated currents, and from the predicted vs. actual increase in synaptic GABAA receptor-mediated currents at progressively more positive test potentials. These experiments yielded estimates of the maximum transport rate (vmax) for Cl- transport of 5 to 7 mmol l-1 s-1, and indicated that vmax could be exceeded by GABAA receptor-mediated Cl- influx. 4. The affinity of the Cl- transporter was calculated in experiments in which the reversal potential for Cl- (ECl) was measured from the GABAA reversal potential in low-HCO3- media during Cl- loading from the recording electrode solution. The calculated KD was 15 mM. 5. Using a standard model of membrane potential, these conditions are demonstrated to be sufficient to produce the experimentally observed, activity-dependent GABA(A) depolarizing response in pyramidal cell dendrites.
Staley
K J
KJ
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA. kevin.staley@uchsc.edu
Proctor
W R
WR
D000818:Animals; D017920:Antiporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008959:Models, Neurological; D051381:Rats; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism
D017920:Antiporters; D001639:Bicarbonates; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; D002712:Chlorides; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A