title: Fluoxetine increases extracellular dopamine in the prefrontal cortex by a mechanism not dependent on serotonin: a comparison with citalopram.
abstract: Fluoxetine at 10 and 25 mg/kg increased (167 and 205%, respectively) the extracellular dopamine concentration in the prefrontal cortex, whereas 25 (but not 10) mg/kg citalopram raised (216%) dialysate dopamine. No compound modified dialysate dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. The effect of 25 mg/kg of both compounds on cortical extracellular dopamine was not significantly affected by 300 mg/kg p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (fluoxetine, saline, 235%; PCPA, 230%; citalopram, saline, 179%; PCPA, 181%). PCPA depleted tissue and dialysate serotonin by approximately 90 and 50%, respectively, and prevented the effect of fluoxetine and citalopram on dialysate serotonin (fluoxetine, saline, 246%; PCPA, 110%; citalopram, saline, 155%; PCPA, 96%). Citalopram significantly raised extracellular serotonin from 0.1 to 100 microM (251-520%), whereas only 10 and 100 microM increased dialysate dopamine (143-231%). Fluoxetine similarly increased extracellular serotonin (98-336%) and dopamine (117-318%). PCPA significantly reduced basal serotonin and the effects of 100 microM fluoxetine (saline, 272%; PCPA, 203%) and citalopram (saline, 345%; PCPA, 258%) on dialysate serotonin but did not modify their effect on dopamine (fluoxetine, saline, 220%; PCPA, 202%; citalopram, saline, 191%; PCPA, 211%). The results clearly show that the effects of fluoxetine and of high concentrations of citalopram on extracellular dopamine do not depend on their effects on serotonin.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pozzi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Invernizzi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garavaglia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Samanin
mesh_terms: D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism; D015283:Citalopram / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010134:Fenclonine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000631:Aminopyridines; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D015283:Citalopram; D004298:Dopamine; D010134:Fenclonine; D005473:Fluoxetine; D007211:Indoles; D012701:Serotonin; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C107820:6-chloro-5-methyl-1-((2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)pyrid-5-yl)carbamoyl)indoline