title: 3D spin-lock imaging of human gliomas.
abstract: We investigated whether the simultaneous use of paramagnetic contrast medium and 3D on-resonance spin lock (SL) imaging could improve the contrast of enhancing brain tumors at 0.1 T. A phantom containing serial concentrations of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) in cross-linked bovine serum albumin (BSA) was imaged. Eleven patients with histologically verified glioma were also studied. T1-weighted 3D gradient echo images with and without SL pulse were acquired before and after a Gd-DTPA injection. SL effect, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated for each patient. In the glioma patients, the SL effect was significantly smaller in the tumor than in the white and gray matter both before (p = 0.001, p = 0.025, respectively), and after contrast medium injection (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). On post-contrast images, SL imaging significantly improved tumor contrast (p = 0.001) whereas tumor CNR decreased slightly (p = 0.024). The combined use of SL imaging and paramagnetic Gd-DTPA contrast agent offers a modality for improving tumor contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of enhancing brain tumors. 3D gradient echo SL imaging has also shown potential to increase tissue characterization properties of MR imaging of human gliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland. hannu.aronen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aronen
authors.forename: U A
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Ramadan
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Peltonen
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Markkola
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Tanttu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jääskeläinen
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Häkkinen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sepponen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA