Systemic and mucosal immunity is elicited after both intramuscular and intravaginal delivery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA plasmid vaccines to pregnant chimpanzees.
DNA vaccines encoding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env/rev and gag/pol were delivered intravaginally (IVAG) and intramuscularly (IM) to 2 pregnant chimpanzees. Vaccination was well tolerated and each chimpanzee developed antibodies (up to 1 year later) to both vaccines. Placental transfer of anti-Env and anti-Gag IgG was demonstrated in both maternal/infant pairs. Specific IgG was also demonstrated in saliva, vaginal, and rectal washes after IVAG immunization. Predominantly anti-HIV-1 IgA was detected in the milk of both mothers after both IM and IVAG immunization. Cellular responses included Gag-specific proliferation of lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes against both antigens. These data suggest a strategy for induction of mucosal and systemic responses after both IM and IVAG delivery of DNA vaccines in a primate model and could ultimately be useful in lowering maternal-to-fetal transmission of HIV-1, perinatally and through breastfeeding.
Bagarazzi
M L
ML
MCP Hahnemann University, Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA. mark.bagarazzi@drexel.edu
Boyer
J D
JD
Javadian
M A
MA
Chattergoon
M A
MA
Shah
A R
AR
Cohen
A D
AD
Bennett
M K
MK
Ciccarelli
R B
RB
Ugen
K E
KE
Weiner
D B
DB
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000818:Animals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015752:Genes, env; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D010957:Plasmids; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D004279:DNA, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic