title: [Behavior of piglets during castration with and without local anesthesia].
abstract: According to the German welfare act of 1998 (Art.5(3)1.), surgical castration of up to 4 wk old pigs does not require anaesthesia. However, the application of a local anaesthesia is discussed in the context of pain related responses to this procedure. In these experiments, effects of different methods of application on the behaviour of piglets during castration are evaluated as a contribution to the welfare assessment of this procedure. A total of 36 piglets between 10 and 14 days of age were castrated with and without a local anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia with Lidocaine 2% was applied in two ways: a) via intratesticular (i.t.) injection and b) intratesticular injection combined with subcutaneous (s.c.) infiltration of the anaesthetic into the tissue around the spermatic cord. The assessment of pain was performed on the basis of vocalisations and resistance movements of the animals during the procedure. Local anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of the relative proportion of resistance movements from the entire period of fixation (castration with i.t. anaesthesia 12.73%, with i.t. and s.c. anaesthesia 14.50% or without a local anaesthesia 18.96%; P < 0.05). In particular, local anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of resistance movements during the cutting of the spermatic cord. The response of piglets to additional skin stimulation of the scrotum was not different between the three treatments.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Tierhaltung mit Tierklinik der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: von Borell
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000662:veterinary*; D000827:Animal Welfare / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000818:Animals; D005858:Germany; D008012:Lidocaine; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D010146:Pain; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine