[Staging of carcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The current status of diagnostic imaging].
Esophageal carcinoma: CT and endosonography are complementary and the most important imaging modalities at present for staging. After endoscopic and histological diagnosis, CT of the thorax and the abdomen is used. With the proof of local infiltration of a neighbouring organ or in the presence of distant metastasis, palliative therapy can be started. If CT is not conclusive or no local infiltration or distant metastasis is proven, endosonography should be performed. Gastric carcinoma: At present endosonography shows the highest accuracy for diagnosis of the T stage. For differentiation between T3 and T4 tumors the accuracy of CT is not sufficient to predict resectability. The N stage can be determined at present by no modality with sufficient accuracy. Distant metastasis can be diagnosed by CT with high sensitivity and specificity. Small bowel carcinoma: These rare tumors are diagnosed with high accuracy by enteroclysis, whereby the diagnosis takes place at a late stage due to the nonspecific clinical findings.
Pokieser
P
P
Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Universität Wien.
Memarsadeghi
M
M
Danzer
M
M
Prokesch
R
R
Partik
B
B
Wenzl
E
E
D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D004379:Duodenal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D019160:Endosonography; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004947:Esophagus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D013270:Stomach / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed