Antillatoxin and kalkitoxin, ichthyotoxins from the tropical cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, induce distinct temporal patterns of NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity.
Curacin-A, antillatoxin and kalkitoxin, natural products from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, were tested for neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons. Curacin-A was non-toxic, whereas antillatoxin and kalkitoxin produced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity with LC50 values of 20.1+/-6.4 and 3.86+/-1.91 nM, respectively. Antillatoxin neurotoxicity was produced acutely, whereas kalkitoxin caused a delayed neurotoxic response. The cytotoxicity produced by both antillatoxin and kalkitoxin was prevented by the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists dextrorphan and MK-801.
Berman
F W
FW
Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens 30601, USA.
Gerwick
W H
WH
Murray
T F
TF
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D003917:Dextrorphan / Q000494:pharmacology; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008055:Lipids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D051381:Rats; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D008055:Lipids; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008387:Marine Toxins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D013844:Thiazoles; C121886:antillatoxin; D003917:Dextrorphan; C095843:curacin A; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C121885:kalkitoxin