title: Systemic and mucosal immunity is elicited after both intramuscular and intravaginal delivery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA plasmid vaccines to pregnant chimpanzees.
abstract: DNA vaccines encoding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env/rev and gag/pol were delivered intravaginally (IVAG) and intramuscularly (IM) to 2 pregnant chimpanzees. Vaccination was well tolerated and each chimpanzee developed antibodies (up to 1 year later) to both vaccines. Placental transfer of anti-Env and anti-Gag IgG was demonstrated in both maternal/infant pairs. Specific IgG was also demonstrated in saliva, vaginal, and rectal washes after IVAG immunization. Predominantly anti-HIV-1 IgA was detected in the milk of both mothers after both IM and IVAG immunization. Cellular responses included Gag-specific proliferation of lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes against both antigens. These data suggest a strategy for induction of mucosal and systemic responses after both IM and IVAG delivery of DNA vaccines in a primate model and could ultimately be useful in lowering maternal-to-fetal transmission of HIV-1, perinatally and through breastfeeding.
authors.affiliation: MCP Hahnemann University, Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA. mark.bagarazzi@drexel.edu
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bagarazzi
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Javadian
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chattergoon
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Ciccarelli
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Ugen
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Weiner
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000818:Animals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015752:Genes, env; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D010957:Plasmids; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D004279:DNA, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic