title: A histotoxin produced by Salmonella.
abstract: Salmonella Typhimurium strain GM3, known to be histotoxic for explants of terminal rabbit ileum in vitro, produces similar lesions in vitro when sterile filtrates, obtained from live organisms after interaction with gut explants in vitro, are used and when rabbit ligated ileal loops are challenged with live organisms. Epithelial damage occurs rapidly, within 2 h of adding organisms or sterile filtrates. This evidence is construed in terms of a secreted salmonella histotoxin that causes epithelial damage, detaching enterocytes which rapidly degenerate into spheroid cells devoid of microvilli. Typhimurium strain GM3 invades ileal mucosa and bacteria are found in the subepithelial tissues. After 12 h, bacteria were seen to be expelled from infected villi in a manner similar to that seen in non-histotoxic infection with Typhimurium strain TML.
authors.affiliation: Microbial Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences.
authors.forename: Julia M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lodge
authors.affiliation: Microbial Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences.
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bolton
authors.affiliation: Microbial Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences.
authors.forename: Gill D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH.
authors.forename: Julian M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ketley
authors.affiliation: Microbial Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stephen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011817:Rabbits; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000382:microbiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; C027952:salmonella toxin