title: Vaginoscopy using hysteroscope for diagnosis of vaginal bleeding during childhood: case report.
abstract: Vaginal bleeding is an uncommon and alarming symptom for children, and serious underlying causes should be excluded. Though vaginal bleeding during childhood was mostly associated with precocious puberty, the physician should keep in mind that local vaginal lesions such infectious vaginitis, vaginal trauma, and vaginal foreign bodies frequently present vaginal bleeding. A 10-year-old girl who denied any traumatic injuries or sexual abuse presented with profuse vaginal bleeding. She had normal development milestones and had no signs of thelarche or adrenarche. Her hymen was intact and the basal measurements of sex hormones including tyrotropic hormone and thyroxine were all within reference ranges. Finally, a laceration of the vaginal wall was found by vaginoscopy using a hysteroscope under general anesthesia and treated using gauze packing. We must emphasize the importance of vaginoscopy and examination under anesthesia in a child with vaginal bleeding to exclude local vaginal lesions. In addition, vaginoscopy using a hysteroscope makes the examination efficient and cost effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Soong
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*