title: Arterial remodeling in the left coronary system: the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the plaque and patient variables related to arterial remodeling responses of early, de novo atherosclerotic lesions involving the left coronary artery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery remodeling is a lesion-specific process involving either enlargement or shrinkage of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. There are little histologic data available correlating plaque morphologic and patient clinical characteristics with the degree and type of arterial remodeling in early atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 736 serial arterial sections from the left coronary system of 97 autopsy cases (mean age 33 +/- 11 years) by correlating the arterial remodeling response to plaque with demographic, serologic and histologic variables. Using the most proximal section as a reference, and considering the expected degree of internal elastic lamina tapering, remodeling was classified as positive (including neutral remodeling or compensatory enlargement) or negative.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Remodeling was classified as positive in 84.3% (compensatory in 30.6%) and negative in 15.7% of sections with an overall mean luminal stenosis of 10.4 +/- 9.9%. In the lesions with the greatest arterial cross-sectional narrowing from each case, compensatory enlargement was associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (59.4 +/- 27.2 mg/dl) compared with either neutral (49.3 +/- 15.5 mg/dl) or negative remodeling (30.4 +/- 5.2 mg/dl; p = 0.019). In subjects with advanced atherosclerosis (maximum American Heart Association histologic grade 5 atherosclerosis), there was a modest linear relationship between higher HDL cholesterol and the propensity for positive remodeling (r2 = 0.37; p = 0.025). On multivariate analysis, only HDL cholesterol was related to the arterial remodeling response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Negative arterial remodeling occurs in early atherosclerosis. Higher HDL cholesterol may favor positive remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farb
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yousefi
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Malcom
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smialek
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Virmani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001344:Autopsy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL