title: Effects of combinations of endosulfan, dimethoate and carbaryl on immune and hematological parameters of rats.
abstract: IgG and IgM levels and hematological parameters (red and white blood cell counts, thrombocyte, monocyte, lymphocyte and granulocyte counts and hemoglobin concentrations) were determined in albino rats exposed to combinations of endosulfan, dimethoate and carbaryl. Two and 3 combinations of 100- and 1000-fold acceptable daily intake (ADI) of endosulfan (ADI = 0.00612 mg/kg), dimethoate (ADI = 0.0204 mg/kg) and carbaryl (ADI = 0.0101 mg/kg) were administered po to male albino rats for 3.5 mo. Animals were immunized s.c. with tetanus toxoid in Freund's complete adjuvant 20 d before terminating exposures. At 100-fold ADI dosing, administration of each of the pesticides alone did not cause any difference in the parameters, but numbers of white blood cells and monocytes increased in rats given endosulfan + dimethoate while numbers of red blood cells increased with dimethoate + carbaryl. Rats given 1000-fold ADI endosulfan + dimethoate + carbaryl had significant differences in almost every parameter, while IgG, IgM white blood cells and lymphocytes decreased, and monocytes and % granulocytes increased from single endosulfan dosing. Lymphocyte counts were reduced by single dimethoate or carbaryl dosing. Endosulfan + dimethoate + carbaryl produced the most effective changes in comparison to single dosing or other pesticide combinations.
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Akay
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozmen
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Elcüman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects*; D012721:Carbaryl / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007306:Insecticides; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D004726:Endosulfan; D012721:Carbaryl; D004117:Dimethoate