title: Cerebral palsy and pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency: identification of two new mutations in the E1alpha gene.
abstract: Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex deficiency, a common cause of congenital lactic acidosis, is mostly due to mutations in the X-linked gene coding for the E1alpha subunit of the complex. We have studied two unrelated girls presenting a static encephalopathy with spastic quadriplegia, microcephaly and seizures and in one girl, hypocalcaemia, a new finding in PDH complex deficiency. PDH deficiency was diagnosed in adolescence and both girls had low PDH complex activity in muscle but normal amounts of all subunits on Western blotting, and a normal lactate/pyruvate ratio in blood and CSF. Mutation analysis of the E1alpha gene at the cDNA or DNA level revealed an arginine to histidine substitution at amino acid position 288 (R288H) in the girl with hypocalcaemia and a 12 bp insertion, predicting a four amino acid duplication at the c-terminal end of the protein in the second girl. They both carried a normal and a mutated E1alpha gene and X-inactivation studies showed skewed patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutation identification in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency remains important especially for the determination of the recurrence risk and for reliable genetic counselling in couples with an affected child.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Neurology, University Hospital, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. lgenlsw@az.vub.ac.be
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lissens
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vreken
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Wijburg
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruitenbeek
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wanders
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seneca
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Liebaers
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Meirleir
mesh_terms: D000140:Acidosis, Lactic / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D030481:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide); D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000235:genetics*; D015325:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D030481:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide); C065640:pyruvate dehydrogenase E1alpha subunit