title: Effects of nifedipine on bladder overactivity in rats with cerebral infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the calcium (Ca2+) channel blocking agent nifedipine on bladder overactivity induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and determine its site of action.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven days after implantation of a bladder catheter, a cannula for intracerebroventricular and intrathecal administration was implanted and the left MCA was occluded with 4-0 monofilament nylon thread in male SD rats. Twenty-four hours after the induction of cerebral ischemia, saline was infused into the bladder at a constant rate (200 microL/min.) and cystometrogram was measured in conscious state. Nifedipine was administered intracerebroventricularly (5 microL) or intrathecally (20 microL) at graded doses (0.15 ng.-0.15 microg., 0.15 microg. -1.5 microg., respectively).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bladder capacity in conscious rats was significantly reduced after the left MCA occlusion. Intracerebroventricular administration of nifedipine significantly increased bladder capacity in cerebral infarcted rats but not in sham operated rats. Furthermore there was no significant difference in bladder capacity between before and after intrathecal administration of nifedipine in cerebral infarcted rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that Ca2+ channel blocking agents can operate especially on the supraspinal central nervous system rather than on the spinal system in rats with neurogenic bladder overactivity following cerebral infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namiki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kontani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009543:Nifedipine