title: Clinical significance of alterations of chromosome 8 in high-grade, advanced, nonmetastatic prostate carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chromosome 8 alterations, including loss of 8p21-22 and gain of 8q24, are commonly observed in prostate carcinoma. We examined whether these alterations are associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used dual-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization and DNA probes for 8p22 (lipoprotein lipase gene), centromere 8 (8cen), and 8q24 (c-myc gene) to determine the corresponding copy numbers in tumor samples from 144 patients with high-grade, advanced (stage III) prostate carcinoma. Cox models were used for multivariate analysis of systemic progression or patient death from prostate cancer. All statistical tests are two-sided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We classified the 8p22, 8cen, and c-myc copy number as normal, loss, and gain. An additional increase (AI) category of c-myc relative to the centromere copy number (i.e., overrepresentation and amplification of c-myc) was also used. Alterations of 8p22 were not statistically significantly associated with either systemic progression or patient death. Alterations of c-myc were associated with both systemic progression (P =.024) and patient death (P =.039); AI of c-myc showed the poorest outcome. We also evaluated the prognostic relevance of the combined 8p22-8cen-c-myc loci anomaly pattern for the following six patterns: normal-normal-normal, loss-any 8cen-normal, loss-gain-gain, gain-gain-gain, non-loss-any 8cen-AI, and loss-any 8cen-AI, where any 8cen is normal, loss, or gain of the chromosome 8 centromere. Patients with the loss-any 8cen-AI pattern had earlier systemic progression (P =.009) and earlier cause-specific death (P =.013) than did patients with other patterns. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the loss-any 8cen-AI pattern was an independent risk factor for systemic progression (P<.001) and cause-specific death (P =.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic alterations of chromosome 8 appear to accumulate in parallel with the progression of prostate carcinomas. AI of the c-myc gene, especially with loss of 8p22, appears to be associated with poor patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Slezak
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lieber
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bostwick
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bergstralh
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 / Q000235:genetics*; D015342:DNA Probes; D018450:Disease Progression; D016259:Genes, myc / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012306:Risk; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase