title: Inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases induces apoptosis independent from the CD95 system.
abstract: The inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases by pervanadate, a potent activator of B- and T-cells through the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling events in different activation cascades, efficiently induced apoptosis in lymphoid cell lines. Pervanadate-elicited apoptosis could be blocked by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A. This apoptotic process involved the activation of caspases 3, 8 and 9, the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition, the release of cytochrome C and the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA. T-cells lacking the CD95 receptor or caspase-8 and T-cells stably overexpressing a transdominant negative form of the adaptor protein FADD were still susceptible to pervanadate-induced apoptosis, excluding the involvement of the CD95 system or other FADD-dependent death receptors. The apoptotic program initiated by the inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases did not require the presence of the tyrosine kinase p56lck or phosphatase CD45, whereas Bcl-2 overexpression protected T-cells from pervanadate-induced cytochrome C release, caspase-8 cleavage and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunochemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Germany.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hehner
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dröge
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000502:physiology; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014638:Vanadates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D019014:fas Receptor; C076715:pervanadate; D014638:Vanadates; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases