title: Changes in ANP responsiveness of normal and hypertensive porcine intrapulmonary arteries during maturation.
abstract: Pulmonary vascular resistance falls rapidly after birth, but endothelium-dependent relaxation is relatively poor during the perinatal period. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a potent vasodilator; however, its role in the process of perinatal adaptation is uncertain. Porcine intrapulmonary conduit arteries (IPA) from fetal, newborn (< 5 min), 3-, 6-, and 17-d-old, and adult pigs, and from piglets made hypoxic from 0 to 3, 3 to 6, or 14 to 17 d, were isolated and mounted for isometric force recording. Rings were precontracted with prostaglandin-F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha, 10 microM) or KCl (40 mM). ANP was added cumulatively (10 pM to 100 nM). C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) was added as a single concentration of 100 nM. Accumulation of cGMP under basal conditions and stimulated by ANP or CNP was measured by radioimmunoassay system. Frozen sections of lung tissue were incubated with 125I-labeled alpha-ANP, and binding site density was assessed on IPA with an image analysis system. ANP relaxed IPA in pigs at all ages, but the effect was significantly greater at 6 and 17 d of age. Hypoxia in animals from 14 to 17 d old impaired ANP-induced relaxation. CNP relaxed IPA poorly: < 12% at all ages. ANP increased cGMP accumulation in both normal and hypoxic animals. CNP did not increase cGMP generation in IPA from normal animals but did so in IPA from 3-d-old hypoxic animals. ANP-specific binding sites were demonstrated on the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, with greater binding in the young animals. The increased relaxant responses to ANP during adaptation may be important in maintaining low pulmonary vascular resistance. In contrast, CNP was largely ineffective in relaxing pulmonary arteries.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hislop
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Boels
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Haworth
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000494:pharmacology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D006152:Cyclic GMP