title: Bladder contractions alter inspiratory termination by superior laryngeal and intercostal nerve stimulation.
abstract: Gradual distension of the urinary bladder evokes spontaneous bladder contractions (SBCs), which are associated with reduced inspiratory activity in the phrenic and other inspiratory motor nerves. We examined the influence of isovolumetric SBCs on the threshold for termination of phrenic inspiration by electrical stimulation of superior laryngeal and/or mid-thoracic intercostal nerves (ICN) in decerebrate, vagotomized, paralyzed, ventilated cats. Although SBCs reduced phrenic inspiratory activity, the threshold for inspiratory termination by nerve stimulation was increased. The results emphasize the complexity of the synaptic connections among brain stem neurons governing micturition and breathing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. donald.bartlett@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Knuth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D007366:Intercostal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000502:physiology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology