title: Canine rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory cytokines.
abstract: Bioassays were developed to detect canine pro-inflammatory cytokines. These enabled characterisation of these cytokines and their isoforms and provided means for their assay in the joints of dogs with different naturally occurring arthropathies. Canine IL-1 was detected by its induction of proliferation of D10(N4)M cell line, whilst IL-6 had a proliferative effect on B9 cell line. TNFalpha had a cytotoxic effect on WEHI 164 (13) cells. Partial purification of the cytokines was achieved by FPLC ion-exchange chromatography and two isoforms of IL-1 were shown, possibly corresponding to IL-1alpha and IL-1beta. TNFalpha only appeared as one isoform whereas IL-6 showed at least five isoforms, possibly corresponding to the other molecules in the IL-6 family, such as IL-11 and oncostatin M. Analysis of synovial fluids from dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) showed that IL-1 and TNFalpha bioactivity was not readily detectable at increased levels in diseased joints but that IL-6 was significantly increased in both diseases. It is now important to determine the role of IL-6 in OA and RA in the dog, particularly in the induction of proteolytic enzymes which lead to cartilage loss.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, UK. scarter@liv.ac.uk
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Gilmore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001681:Biological Assay; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000662:veterinary; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000662:veterinary; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha