title: Up-regulation of endothelin-B (ETB) receptors and ETB receptor-mediated rabbit detrusor contraction in partial bladder outlet obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, in a rabbit model of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), whether ETB receptors initiate any contractile activity, and to assess the density of these receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Partial BOO was produced in male New Zealand White rabbits, with age-matched sham-operated rabbits acting as controls. One and 3 weeks later, the detrusor and bladder neck strips were incubated in organ baths with either BQ788 (an ETB antagonist), BQ123 (an ETA antagonist) or vehicle. Concentration-response curves were constructed using IRL-1620 (a selective ETB agonist). Low-resolution autoradiography was performed on serial detrusor and bladder neck sections from control and partial BOO (3-week) rabbits using radioligands for ETA and ETB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In strips from controls and after 1 week of partial BOO, IRL-1620 induced no contractions, but after 3 weeks of BOO, IRL-1620 induced significant concentration-dependent detrusor contractions (producing 12%, 25% and 70% of the KCl response at 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6 mol/L, respectively). The ETA antagonist had no effect on IRL-1620-mediated contractions. In contrast, the ETB antagonist completely abolished these contractions. Autoradiography showed the presence of ETA and ETB receptors in the detrusor and bladder neck of normal and obstructed animals, and a significant up-regulation of ETA and ETB receptors only in the obstructed detrusor smooth muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In BOO, ETB receptors initiate detrusor contractile activity. This is a time-dependent process that may depend on the up-regulation of ETB receptors in the detrusor. Therefore, ETB receptors may play a role in the pathophysiology of partial BOO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Royal Free and University College Medical School (Royal Free Campus), University College London, UK.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Dashwood
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Mumtaz
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mikhailidis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C074308:sovateltide