Acute erythroid leukemia (M6): outcome of bone marrow transplantation.
Erythroid leukemia is an uncommon form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which has previously been associated with a poor prognosis. We present the outcome of 27 patients with AML-M6 (19 de novo and 8 secondary) treated with intensive regimens including bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In the de novo group, median age was 30 years (2-72); 5 cases were under 15 years. Remission rate after induction chemotherapy was 95%. Consolidation in those achieving remission with BMT was 82%. Transplant related mortality was 36%. Median survival for de novo M6 was 2.9 years which was not significantly different to matched controls with AML (non M6). Overall relapse rate was 35%. In contrast, patients with secondary disease had a poor prognosis with lower remission rates (57%) and higher relapse rates (75% of those achieving remission after induction chemotherapy). In our series, the prognosis of patients with AML-M6 was most closely related to age and disease status at presentation (de novo or secondary). The disease is sensitive to AML induction regimens and long-term survival can be achieved with BMT in first complete remission.
Killick
S
S
Leukaemia Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK. skillick@btinternet.com
Matutes
E
E
Powles
R L
RL
Min
T
T
Treleaven
J G
JG
Rege
K P
KP
Atra
A
A
Catovsky
D
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003710:Demography; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007621:Karyotyping; D007753:Laboratories; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome