title: Repair of chronic peritoneal dialysis catheter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Damage to the peritoneal dialysis catheter may be due to wear from long-term use, exposure to antibacterial agents (strong oxidants), and accidental injury from sharp objects. Repair of such catheter, if not associated with subsequent complications, would extend catheter life and reduce costs and patient inconvenience related to catheter replacement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Retrospective analysis of seven peritoneal catheters repaired 11 times over a 15-year period by splicing the old catheter with an extension tube using the Peri-Patch Repair Kit (Quinton Instrument Co., Bothwell, WA, U.S.A.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The life of these seven catheters was extended by a mean of 26 months (range 1-87 months), without increasing infection rates after splicing. The peritonitis rate after catheter splicing was 0.40 per year, not higher than the overall rate (0.76 per year) in our center during the same time period. Exit-site infections occurred in 6 patients after catheter splicing. Only one infection was related to trauma during the procedure and resulted in chronic exit infection; the catheter was eventually removed. In this patient, damage to the catheter was less than 1.5 cm from the exit site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Splicing of the damaged peritoneal catheter, if properly done, is a safe procedure and can significantly prolong catheter life. We recommend that measures to prevent catheter damage, such as avoiding the use of scissors and other sharp objects, should be emphasized during the initial patient education and training. Alcohol and iodine should not be used on silicone rubber catheters. We suggest that the patient should report catheter damage immediately and come to the clinic within a few hours for catheter splicing (if possible) and prophylactic antibiotic to prevent peritonitis. Finally, we recommend that repair of the catheter should not be attempted if the breakage is less than 2 cm from the exit site, unless done as an emergency procedure if immediate catheter replacement cannot be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Usha
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ponferrada
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Prowant
authors.forename: Z J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Twardowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000737:chemistry; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001424:Bacterial Infections; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D000431:Ethanol; D007455:Iodine