title: Once-daily budesonide inhalation suspension for the treatment of persistent asthma in infants and young children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are the most effective long-term controller medications for the treatment of persistent asthma. Currently, however, available delivery devices limit their use in young children. A nebulized formulation of budesonide has been developed to address the needs of infants and young children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily budesonide inhalation suspension in children 6 months to 8 years old with mild persistent asthma not on inhaled GCS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred fifty-nine children were randomized to receive once-daily budesonide inhalation suspension (0.25 mg, 0.50 mg, or 1.0 mg) or placebo via a Pari LC-Jet Plus nebulizer for 12 weeks. Efficacy assessments included nighttime/daytime asthma symptoms, pulmonary function (subset of patients), rescue medication use, and treatment discontinuations. Safety was based on adverse events and assessment of HPA-axis function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographics, baseline characteristics, asthma symptoms, and pulmonary function were similar across treatment groups. Mean nighttime/daytime asthma symptom scores were 1.19 +/- 0.63 and 1.34 +/- 0.53, respectively. Mean duration of asthma was 36.3 months and mean FEV1 was 81.3% of predicted with 27.7% reversibility. Following 12 weeks of treatment, all budesonide inhalation suspension doses produced significant improvements in nighttime/daytime symptoms (P < or = .049) and significant decreases in rescue medication use (P < or = .038) compared with placebo. Significant improvements (P < or = .044) in FEV1 were observed in the 0.5- and 1.0-mg budesonide inhalation suspension groups. There were no differences between doses of budesonide inhalation suspension. Adverse events and basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol levels were similar among all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once-daily administration of budesonide inhalation suspension was well tolerated and effective for the treatment of mild persistent asthma in infants and young children not adequately controlled with bronchodilators or non-GCS antiinflammatory treatments.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Asthma Medical Group and Research Center, San Diego, California 92123, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Skoner
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Szefler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walton-Bowen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruz-Rivera
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D013535:Suspensions; D019819:Budesonide