In-vitro antifungal activity of liposomal nystatin in comparison with nystatin, amphotericin B cholesteryl sulphate, liposomal amphotericin B, amphotericin B lipid complex, amphotericin B desoxycholate, fluconazole and itraconazole.
The in-vitro susceptibilities of 120 clinical isolates of yeasts to liposomal nystatin were compared with those to amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC), liposomal amphotericin B (LAB), amphotericin B cholesteryl sulphate (ABCD), amphotericin B desoxycholate, nystatin, fluconazole and itraconazole. Yeast isolates examined included strains of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, Candida tropicalis, Candida kefyr, Candida viswanathii, Candida famata, Candida rugosa, Rhodotorula rubra, Trichosporon spp., Cryptococcus laurentii and Cryptococcus neoformans. The mean MICs for all strains examined were: liposomal nystatin 0.96 mg/L; nystatin 0.54 mg/L; ABLC 0.65 mg/L; LAB 1.07 mg/L; ABCD 0.75 mg/L; amphotericin B 0.43 mg/L; fluconazole 5.53 mg/L; and itraconazole 0.33 mg/L. No significant differences were seen between the activity of liposomal nystatin and the polyene drugs or itraconazole, but liposomal nystatin was more active than fluconazole. MICs were lower than the reported blood concentrations following therapeutic doses of this drug, indicating the potential for a therapeutic use of liposomal nystatin in humans. These results indicate good activity in vitro against medically important yeasts, which compares favourably with the activities of other currently available antifungal drugs. Liposomal nystatin may have a role in the treatment of disseminated and systemic mycoses.
Carrillo-Muñoz
A J
AJ
Department of Microbiology, Asesoría Científica y de Investigación Aplicada, Barcelona, Spain. ajcm.acia@bcn.servicom.es
Quindós
G
G
Tur
C
C
Ruesga
M T
MT
Miranda
Y
Y
del Valle
O
O
Cossum
P A
PA
Wallace
T L
TL
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008081:Liposomes; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009761:Nystatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D009761:Nystatin; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; C059765:amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination; D015725:Fluconazole