title: Cyclins D1 and D2 mediate myc-induced proliferation via sequestration of p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1).
abstract: Cyclin E-Cdk2 kinase activation is an essential step in Myc-induced proliferation. It is presumed that this requires sequestration of G(1) cell cycle inhibitors p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1) (Ckis) via a Myc-induced protein. We provide biochemical and genetic evidence to show that this sequestration is mediated via induction of cyclin D1 and/or cyclin D2 protein synthesis rates. Consistent with this conclusion, primary cells from cyclin D1(-/-) and cyclin D2(-/-) mouse embryos, unlike wild-type controls, do not respond to Myc with increased proliferation, although they undergo accelerated cell death in the absence of serum. Myc sensitivity of cyclin D1(-/-) cells can be restored by retroviruses expressing either cyclins D1, D2 or a cyclin D1 mutant forming kinase-defective, Cki-binding cyclin-cdk complexes. The sequestration function of D cyclins thus appears essential for Myc-induced cell cycle progression but dispensable for apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Imperial Cancer Research Fund, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perez-Roger
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sewing
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Land
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000502:physiology*; D056742:Cyclin D2; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000378:metabolism; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D017931:DNA Primers; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: C486196:Ccnd2 protein, mouse; C486197:Ccnd2 protein, rat; C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; C493958:Cdkn1a protein, rat; C493961:Cdkn1b protein, mouse; C493962:Cdkn1b protein, rat; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056742:Cyclin D2; D019927:Cyclin E; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D017931:DNA Primers; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C495893:Cdk2 protein, mouse; C495892:Cdk2 protein, rat; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases