title: A successful short-bowel syndrome model in neonatal piglets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the higher survival rate of premature neonates as a result of improved neonatal intensive care, the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, and thus the incidence of short-bowel syndrome, is increasing. An appropriate animal model resembling the (premature) neonate with short-bowel syndrome suitable for clinically relevant neonatal bowel adaptation and intervention studies, is not available at present. The purpose of this study was the development of a short-bowel syndrome model that mimics the clinical state of the affected neonatal patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen 7-day-old piglets received either a small bowel transection (group A) or a 75% resection (group B). The piglets were fed 125 kcal/kg body weight per day, including additional electrolytes. The animals were weighed daily and were killed 28 days after surgery. Bowel samples were obtained at both time points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality rates in groups A and B were 0% and 8%, respectively. Body weight gain was significantly higher in group A than in group B (156% vs. 93%; P = 0.01). Jejunal villus length was higher in group B than in group A (74% vs. -2%; P = 0.006), and crypt depth was higher in group B in both jejunum (201% vs. 67%; P = 0.001) and ileum, (197% vs. 20%; P = 0.001), than in group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 7-day-old piglets 75% small bowel resection leads to a clinical short-bowel syndrome, demonstrated by reduced weight gain and typical changes in bowel adaptation parameters. The excellent survival of the animals provides a possibility for the study of bowel adaptation in a neonatal model as well as in intervention studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Heemskerk
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: van Heurn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farla
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Buurman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piersma
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: ter Riet
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heineman
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome