title: Gelatinase A-immunoreactive protein in ovarian lesions- prognostic value in epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gelatinase A (MMP-2) is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family and it degrades the major component of the basement membrane, type IV collagen. MMP-2 has been linked to invasion in different types of cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have studied the localization of MMP-2 in 18 benign, 3 borderline, and 33 malignant ovarian lesions by immunohistochemical stainings using a monoclonal antibody against MMP-2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP-2-immunoreactive protein was localized in epithelial cells and in fibroblasts. Two types of cytoplasmic staining were observed, a diffuse and a granular pattern. The diffuse staining model was found more often. In 19% of the cases, both staining patterns were present in epithelial cells. Granular staining was found in epithelial cells in cystadenomas and in ovarian cancer cells. The pattern of MMP-2 positivity in fibroblasts was diffuse. MMP-2 positivity in cancer cells was associated with recurrent disease (P < 0.05) in ovarian cancers. MMP-2 negativity in fibroblasts correlated to Grade 3 (P < 0.01), Stage III-IV (P < 0.001), recurrency (P < 0.05), and refractory disease (P < 0.05) in ovarian cancer. The relative survival rate was 32% in patients with an MMP-2-positive ovarian cancer, 57% in patients with an MMP-2-negative ovarian cancer, and 19% in patients with MMP-2 positivity in cancer cells and concomitant negativity in stromal fibroblasts. The disease-free 5-year survival rates were 25, 57, and 12.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that MMP-2 may contribute to poor prognosis of ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, 90221, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Westerlund
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Apaja-Sarkkinen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Höyhtyä
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Puistola
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2