title: Phosphorylation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase: evidence for a novel protein kinase and identification of the phosphorylated residue.
abstract: The site of phosphorylation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) has been identified as a threonine residue. A Ca(2+)-stimulated protein kinase of approximately 55 kDa has been partially purified from elicited cells. The kinase can phosphorylate a synthetic peptide derived from PAL and a recombinant poplar PAL. PAL phosphorylation was associated with a decrease in Vmax in agreement with the suggestion that protein phosphorylation is involved in marking PAL subunits for turnover. The phosphorylation site in French bean PAL is most likely Thr545 in the sequence VAKRTLTT (539-546). Conservation of the phosphorylation site in PAL from diverse species suggests that phosphorylation of PAL may be a ubiquitous regulatory mechanism in higher plants.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Allwood
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gerrish
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bolwell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013912:Threonine; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase