title: Development and disappearance of tolerance to induction of interferon and tumor necrosis factor response in athletes treated with natural immunostimulant.
abstract: The effect of nonspecific immunostimulation was examined in 15 basketball players subjected to extensive physical effort. The Tołpa* Torf Preparation (TTP*), a natural immunostimulating drug, was applied orally, one 5 mg tablet daily, in two 21-day cycles, separated by 2-week hiatus. Blood samples were collected 4 times, after each of two TTP* cycles and after the first and second hiatus. Whole blood assay was used to determine the spontaneous and induced production of interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The levels of the cytokines were measured by microbioassays. TTP* stimulated synthesis of IFN and TNF in the whole blood cultures. However, after the oral administraton of TTP* for 3 weeks the leukocytes of the athletes developed hyporeactivity to IFN induction by TTP* and to a lesser extent to another "superinducer"--a mixture of phytohemagglutinin and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The hyporeactivity state disappeared spontaneously within 2 weeks. In contrast, the tolerance to TNF induction did not develop during the TTP* administration. The increase of immunoglobulins, mainly of IgM and IgG classes and an acute phase protein--alpha1-antitrypsin, was observed at the late phase of the treatment. We suggest that the cytokine levels may be early markers for immunoprophylaxis. Furthermore, high production of IFN and TNF may be associated with extensive physical effort.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Inglot
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sobiech
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zielińska-Jenczylik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sypuła
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorenc
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001490:Basketball / Q000502:physiology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014574:Uronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006812:Humic Substances; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007369:Interferon Inducers; C084029:Tolpa; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014574:Uronic Acids; D007372:Interferons