title: Pseudo-outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a high rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at our institution was due to laboratory misclassification and to evaluate the effect of this misclassification.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated all S. aureus isolates identified at our institution during a 60-day period in 1997. Automated susceptibility test results (using the Vitek system) from our clinical microbiology laboratory and an independent laboratory were compared with oxacillin agar screen plate results at both laboratories. Isolates with discordant results for susceptibility to oxacillin were tested by broth microdilution minimal inhibitory concentrations and for the presence of the mecA gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen (72%) of the 25 organisms (obtained from 17 patients) found to be resistant to oxacillin by the Vitek system at our institution were susceptible by the oxacillin agar screen. Discordant isolates tested by broth microdilution minimal inhibitory concentrations and for the mecA gene were found to be oxacillin susceptible and mecA gene negative. Thus, at our hospital, almost three fourths of the organisms initially identified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus by the Vitek system were actually susceptible to oxacillin. This misclassification resulted in needless infection control measures and unnecessary vancomycin use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hospitals that use only automated susceptibility testing for S. aureus should periodically validate their results with additional testing.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-5529, USA.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Ender
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Durning
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Woelk
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Brockett
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astorga
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D010068:Oxacillin