title: Transmission of an azole-resistant isogenic strain of Candida albicans among human immunodeficiency virus-infected family members with oropharyngeal candidiasis.
abstract: We report transmission of an azole-resistant, isogenic strain of Candida albicans in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected family of two children with symptomatic oropharyngeal candidiasis and a mother with asymptomatic colonization over a 5-year period. These findings were confirmed by three different molecular epidemiology methods: interrepeat PCR, Southern hybridization with a C. albicans repetitive element 2 probe, and electrophoretic karyotyping. This study contributes to an evolving understanding of the mode of transmission of C. albicans, particularly in children, and underscores the importance of monitoring specimens from family members of HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Immunocompromised Host Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. fmmueller@mail.uni-wuerzberg.de
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Francesconi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brillante
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D002648:Child; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents