title: Ganglioside GM1 protection from apoptosis of rat heart fibroblasts.
abstract: Ceramide is involved as a mediator of apoptosis induced by a variety of signaling molecules or stressful events. Ceramide-derived sphingosine 1-phosphate behaves as an antiapoptotic agent. The ganglioside GM1 is known to protect neuronal cell lines from apoptosis induced by serum/growth factor withdrawal and its effect is mediated in part by the direct activation of the trkA NGF receptor [G. Ferrari et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 3074-3080]. We show that GM1, similarly to sphingosine 1-phosphate, protects rat heart fibroblasts from apoptosis induced by the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine and by C2-ceramide. Furthermore, we show that GM1 induces the synthesis of sphingosine 1-phosphate and that this effect is partially prevented by the sphingosine kinase inhibitor N,N-dimethylsphingosine. We conclude that the antiapoptotic action of GM1 is largely to be ascribed to an increased sphingosine kinase activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, C.N.R. Centro di Studio delle Biomembrane, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. cavallin@civ.bio.unipd.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cavallini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venerando
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Miotto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alexandre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D013110:Sphingosine; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; C061800:N,N-dimethylsphingosine