title: Identification of anti-endothelial cell antibodies in patients with chronic anal fissure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies demonstrate that chronic anal fissure can be the consequence of a local ischemic process. Thus hypothesizing that at the perianal level the interaction of immune component with endothelium could constitute a mechanism determining ischemia and hypertonia, the presence or absence of circulating anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECAs) was determined in the serum of patients with anal fissure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out on 30 patients: 10 with posterior chronic anal fissure (group 1), 10 with grades III and IV hemorrhoids (group 2), and 10 without previous or active anorectal disease, or both (group 3). An indirect immunofluorescence assay on sections of rat kidney tissue was used to identify AECA in the peripheral blood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assay result was positive for AECAs in 12 patients, all with anorectal disease when compared to the control group (P = .001). The basal anal tone was higher in the AECA-positive patients than in the AECA-negative patients (P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only the patients with anal fissure or hemorrhoids were AECA positive. All healthy controls tested negative for AECA. Although the number of subjects studied is small, the presence of auto-antibodies directed against the endothelial cells in the serum of these patients supports the hypothesis that the endothelium is involved in the anal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Catholic School of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maria
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brisinda
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ruggieri
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Civello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brisinda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000098:blood supply; D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001681:Biological Assay; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005401:Fissure in Ano / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies