title: Formation and compression characteristics of prismatic polyhedral and thin plate-like crystals of paracetamol.
abstract: Prismatic polyhedral crystals of paracetamol were prepared by cooling an aqueous saturated solution of paracetamol from 65 to 25 degrees C. Thin plate-like crystals were prepared by adding a concentrated solution of paracetamol in hot ethanol to water at 3 degrees C. Infrared (IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies confirmed that these two forms of crystals were structurally similar, therefore polymorphic modifications were ruled out. The crystal habit influenced the compression properties during axial compression of paracetamol at different constant rates in a compaction simulator, the Heckel plots and their associated constants being dependent on the habits. The correlation coefficient of the initial part of the Heckel plots, and also the values of strain rate sensitivity (SRS), were lower for thin plate-like crystals, indicative of greater fragmentation for the thin plate-like as compared to polyhedral crystals. Compacts made from thin plate-like crystals exhibited higher elastic recoveries and elastic energies indicating that these crystals underwent less plastic deformation during compression than the polyhedral crystals.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Garekani
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rajabi-Siahboomi
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000737:chemistry*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003460:Crystallization; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013607:Tablets; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D013607:Tablets; D014867:Water; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000431:Ethanol