Biological properties of ulvan, a new source of green seaweed sulfated polysaccharides, on cultured normal and cancerous colonic epithelial cells.
Ulvans (from Ulva lactuca) constitute a dietary fiber structurally similar to the mammalian glycosaminoglycans but with unexplored biological or cytotoxic activities. From native low-viscosity preparations containing 33.5 molar % and 18.4 molar % of sulfate residues and uronic acid residues, respectively, we derived desulfated, reduced and desulfated-reduced polysaccharides with respectively 5.2, 2.9, and 4.5-4.9 molar % of sulfate residues and uronic acid residues. The effects of these preparations were examined on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of normal or tumoral colonic epithelial cells cultured in conventional (0.3-0.8 x 10(6) cells/ml) or rotating bioreactor (3-8 x 10(6) cells/ml) culture conditions. In conventional culture conditions, ulvan modified the adhesion phase and the proliferation of normal colonic cells and undifferentiated HT-29 cells according to their molecular weights and to the relative molar proportion of sulfate residues. From the native polysaccharides, we have screened sulfated ulvans (MW < 5,000) which inhibited the Caco-2 cell proliferation/differentiation program by inducing a low cell reactivity to Ulex europeaus-1 lectins in defined (p < 0.001) or serum-supplemented media (p < 0.01) but were inactive on normal colonocytes. In conclusion, this dietary fiber could be a source of oligosaccharides with a bioactivity, a cytotoxicity or a cytostaticity targeted to normal or cancerous epithelial cells.
Kaeffer
B
B
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Nantes, CRNH de Nantes, Unité Fonctions Digestives et Nutrition Humaine, France. kaeffer@nantes.inra.fr
Bénard
C
C
Lahaye
M
M
Blottière
H M
HM
Cherbut
C
C
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012624:Seaweed; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013464:Sulfuric Acids