title: The effect of posture and exercise on elastic stocking compression at different sites of the leg.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In compression therapy, the importance of the degree of pressure has been emphasized. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of posture and exercise on the compression at different sites of the leg.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 16 normal volunteers, the pressure was determined simultaneously at 5 sites on the leg during lying, sitting, standing, walking, running, knee-bending exercise and squatting using an air pack type analyzer. Pressure was measured under 3 experimental conditions: with a thigh-length gradient stocking, with foam rubber pads included under the elastic stocking, and after removal of both elastic stocking and compression pads.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the stocking was worn, a pressure gradient was observed in the proximal direction during the sequence from the supine position to running. When the pads were included, the pressure in the supine position was significantly elevated at all sites examined, and the graduated pressure drop was also maintained from supine position to running. However, the pressure at the tibia was significantly higher than that at the gastrocnemius in both supine and sitting positions when the pads were used, while no significant difference was observed between both sites in the standing position. A marked increase in pressure at the ankle, gastrocnemius, and hollow of the knee was observed during squatting when the stocking was worn either with or without pads, while a significant decrease in pressure was observed at the tibia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pressure exerted by elastic stockings varies with the posture and exercise. Furthermore, the changes in pressure vary from site to site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Aichi Prefectural College of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001458:Bandages; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure; D012016:Reference Values