title: Use of recombinant viruses to assess the pattern of early human immunodeficiency virus breakthrough infection in the presence of stavudine.
abstract: A variety of cell lines were infected with replication-defective recombinant retroviruses in the presence of stavudine (d4T). Cells which were infected despite the presence of d4T were isolated and subjected to infection with other retroviruses [replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), replication-defective HIV or replication-defective recombinant murine retroviruses]. Each of the host cell types tested had a small subset of cells that were infected with HIV or murine retroviruses in the presence of d4T. Some of these infected cells could be infected repeatedly at high efficiency in the presence of d4T. This phenotype of 'persistent refractoriness' to the antiviral effects of d4T could be overcome by the addition of 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine (floxuridine) to d4T. The d4T-floxuridine combination also had potent antiretroviral effects in primary blood mononuclear cells.
authors.affiliation: The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA1.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: The Genesee Hospital and the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA2.
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Tung
authors.affiliation: The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA1.
authors.forename: Roger K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Strair
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019556:COS Cells; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000502:physiology; D005467:Floxuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000502:physiology; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018119:Stavudine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D005467:Floxuridine; D015215:Zidovudine; D018119:Stavudine