title: Developmental delay in P300 production in children at high risk for developing alcohol-related disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduction of P300 amplitude in children and adolescents at high risk for developing alcoholism has frequently been reported. It has been hypothesized that this reduction represents a developmental delay in reaching age-appropriate levels in P300 amplitude. Using latent growth analysis of longitudinal data obtained at yearly intervals, this study seeks to define normal growth, and determine if the pattern seen in high-risk children differs from that obtained in normal low-risk controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 156 children from either high or low-risk families have been assessed multiple times (two-thirds more than 4 times) using both a clinical assessment (K-SADS) and ERP evaluation performed on the same day. A total of 635 separate assessments were available for modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quadratic growth curves revealed a slower rate of change in P300 amplitude in high-risk than low-risk males. High-risk girls showed reduced visual P300 amplitude only when the presence of a K-SADS diagnosis was considered. No differences were seen for P300 latency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms the hypothesis that when reduction of P300 amplitude is seen in males at high risk for developing alcoholism, it is due to a developmental delay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Locke
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Steinhauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Konicky
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lowers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Connolly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors