title: Ruby laser irradiation (694 nm) of human skin biopsies: assessment by electron spin resonance spectroscopy of free radical production and oxidative stress during laser depilation.
abstract: Human skin biopsies (hair-bearing scalp skin and non-hair-bearing breast skin) were treated with t-butylhydroperoxide, irradiated with UV light (UVR) or irradiated with 694 nm ruby laser red light. Free-radical production and oxidative stress were assessed with electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) using the ascorbate radical as a marker. In comparison with both UVR and t-butyl-hydroperoxide (which readily induce the ascorbate radical in hair-bearing and hairless skin), 694 nm red light does not result in the formation of the ascorbate radical in detectable concentrations. Spin-trapping experiments with the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) showed that while free radicals could be detected after treatment of skin with t-butylhydroperoxide, radicals could not be trapped after laser treatment. Treatment of lasered skin (containing DMPO) with t-butylhydroperoxide produced radical adducts as well as the ascorbate radical, demonstrating that the laser neither depletes endogenous ascorbate nor the preadministered spin trap. It is concluded that 694 nm red light does not induce oxidative stress in human skin in levels comparable either to t-butyl hydroperoxide or UV light.
authors.affiliation: RAFT Institute of Plastic Surgery, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex, UK. heywoodr@raft.ac.uk
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Haywood
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wardman
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Gault
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Linge
mesh_terms: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006204:Hair Removal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013113:Spin Labels; D019097:Spin Trapping; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D005609:Free Radicals; D013113:Spin Labels; C017245:5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide