title: Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol.
abstract: The effects of a bioflavonoid mixture, Pycnogenol, were assessed on platelet function in humans. Cigarette smoking increased heart rate and blood pressure. These increases were not influenced by oral consumption of Pycnogenol or Aspirin just before smoking. However, increased platelet reactivity yielding aggregation 2 hours after smoking was prevented by 500 mg Aspirin or 100 mg Pycnogenol in 22 German heavy smokers. In a group of 16 American smokers, blood pressure increased after smoking. It was unchanged after intake of 500 mg Aspirin or 125 mg Pycnogenol. In another group of 19 American smokers, increased platelet aggregation was more significantly reduced by 200 than either 150 mg or 100 mg Pycnogenol supplementation. This study showed that a single, high dose, 200 mg Pycnogenol, remained effective for over 6 days against smoking-induced platelet aggregation. Smoking increased platelet aggregation that was prevented after administration of 500 mg Aspirin and 125 mg Pycnogenol. Thus, smoking-induced enhanced platelet aggregation was inhibited by 500 mg Aspirin as well as by a lower range of 100-125 mg Pycnogenol. Aspirin significantly (p<0.001) increased bleeding time from 167 to 236 seconds while Pycnogenol did not. These observations suggest an advantageous risk-benefit ratio for Pycnogenol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pütter
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Grotemeyer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Würthwein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araghi-Niknam
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rohdewald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001760:Bleeding Time; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C024070:pycnogenols; D001241:Aspirin