title: [Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: special reference to pathophysiology and management].
abstract: An acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an acute worsening of symptoms accompanied by an impairment of lung infection. In severe cases, an acute exacerbation may cause respiratory failure and death. Successful management of acute exacerbation of COPD in either the inpatient or outpatient setting requires attention to a number of key issues. In this review, we discuss the issues regarding the management of COPD which is based on especially characteristics of pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kida
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D013806:Theophylline / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D013806:Theophylline; D008775:Methylprednisolone