title: The Talin head domain binds to integrin beta subunit cytoplasmic tails and regulates integrin activation.
abstract: The beta subunit cytoplasmic domains of integrin adhesion receptors are necessary for the connection of these receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. The cytoplasmic protein, talin, binds to beta integrin cytoplasmic tails and actin filaments, hence forming an integrin-cytoskeletal linkage. We used recombinant structural mimics of beta(1)A, beta(1)D and beta(3) integrin cytoplasmic tails to characterize integrin-binding sites within talin. Here we report that an integrin-binding site is localized within the N-terminal talin head domain. The binding of the talin head domain to integrin beta tails is specific in that it is abrogated by a single point mutation that disrupts integrin localization to talin-rich focal adhesions. Integrin-cytoskeletal interactions regulate integrin affinity for ligands (activation). Overexpression of a fragment of talin containing the head domain led to activation of integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3); activation was dependent on the presence of both the talin head domain and the integrin beta(3) cytoplasmic tail. The head domain of talin thus binds to integrins to form a link to the actin cytoskeleton and can thus regulate integrin function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Calderwood
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zent
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Hynes
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016608:Talin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019012:Integrin beta1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016608:Talin