title: Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula is a rare anomaly that may present in an isolated fashion or in association with other penile abnormalities, such as chordee or hypospadias. There have been 18 cases of congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula reported in the literature. We present 14 additional cases of congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 14 patients with congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula, of whom 9 were uncircumcised at presentation. Two patients had evidence of chordee and 4 had distal hypospadias.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The type of repair was determined by the anatomical variations of this anomaly. All cases were corrected electively by various techniques based on the degree of the defect, including primary closure via a Thiersch-Duplay urethroplasty, pedicle flap urethroplasty, hinged flap urethroplasty and interpositioned island pedicle tube or onlay urethroplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge the embryological events that cause anterior urethrocutaneous fistula are unclear but they likely result from a defective urethral plate or an abnormality of the infolding of the urethral groove. Surgical technique must be individualized to fit the defect. While there has been considerable skepticism regarding the existence of congenital urethrocutaneous fistula, the fact that 9 of our 14 patients were uncircumcised confirms the congenital nature of this lesion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Hasbro Children's Hospital-Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Caldamone
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ritchey
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Koyle
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*