title: Physicians' transmission prevention assessment and counseling practices with their HIV positive patients.
abstract: Physicians can help prevent transmission of HIV by assessing HIV positive patients for risky sexual and needle-sharing behaviors, and by providing risk reduction counseling. From 1995 to 1997, we gathered data on the HIV transmission prevention assessment and counseling practices of 44 San Francisco Bay area physicians in face-to-face, semistructured interviews. A refined coding scheme and constant comparative analytic method were used. Although physicians varied in their responses to coded items, two styles of engagement, at the extremes, emerged from the data: "consultant" and "collaborator." Consultants conducted transmission prevention assessment and counseling during initial visits or upon medical cues (e.g., presence of sexually transmitted diseases) and viewed themselves primarily as information sources, whereas collaborators regularly conducted transmission prevention counseling and viewed themselves as actively helping patients reduce transmission risk. Physicians who fell between the two styles generally did not conduct regular counseling themselves, but many used referrals to health educators. The findings suggest that consultant and collaborator styles may influence patients differently, and offer insight into the role that physicians can play in transmission prevention with HIV positive patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Public Health and Hygiene, University of California San Francisco 94111, USA. gerbert@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gerbert
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Volberding
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caspers
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Love
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bronstone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling; D003463:Cues; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000635:transmission*; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D010819:Physician's Role; D010820:Physicians; D012017:Referral and Consultation