title: Alpha5beta1 integrin controls cyclin D1 expression by sustaining mitogen-activated protein kinase activity in growth factor-treated cells.
abstract: Cyclin D1 expression is jointly regulated by growth factors and cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix in many cell types. Growth factors are thought to regulate cyclin D1 expression because they stimulate sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. However, we show here that growth factors induce transient ERK activity when added to suspended fibroblasts and sustained ERK activity only when added to adherent fibroblasts. Cell attachment to fibronectin or anti-alpha5beta1 integrin is sufficient to sustain the ERK signal and to induce cyclin D1 in growth factor-treated cells. Moreover, when we force the sustained activation of ERK, by conditional expression of a constitutively active MAP kinase/ERK kinase, we overcome the adhesion requirement for expression of cyclin D1. Thus, at least in part, fibroblasts are mitogen and anchorage dependent, because integrin action allows for a sustained ERK signal and the expression of cyclin D1 in growth factor-treated cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roovers
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davey
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bottazzi
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Assoian
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D006133:Growth Substances; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin; D019938:Cyclin D1; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1