title: Detection of small peripheral lung cancer by digital chest radiography. Performance of unprocessed versus unsharp mask-processed images.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify whether processed digital chest radiography can improve the detection rate for small peripheral lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five radiologists independently interpreted 54 digitized chest radiographs of 18 patients with small peripheral lung cancers measuring less than 20 mm, which were displayed following 3 types of digital processing: 1) an original version; 2) unsharp mask processing with a type 1 filter (very low-frequency-enhancing, mid-frequency-suppressing, and high-frequency-enhancing filter); and 3) unsharp mask processing with a type 2 filter (very low- and high-frequency-enhancing filter). A total of 1,620 pooled observations were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean area under the ROC curves was 0.68 for the type 1 filter, 0.68 for the type 2 filter, and 0.65 for the unprocessed (original) image. There were no statistically significant differences among these 3 kinds of image processing (p>0.05). In all types of images, the small lung cancer with an alveolar lining tumor growth was less visible than a solid tumor growth (p<0.01); the sensitivity increased with tumor size when the 3 groups of cancers, those measuring less than 10 mm, 11-15 mm, and 16-20 mm, were compared (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unsharp mask-image processing of digital chest radiography will not improve the detection rate of small peripheral lung cancer, probably due to a substantial drawback: the limited conspicuity of cancer lesions in the surrounding lung and superposition of structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Z G
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asakura
mesh_terms: D002282:Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012372:ROC Curve; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed