Are high levels of oestradiol after implants associated with features of dependence?
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether features of dependence develop in women receiving oestradiol implants, and if so, whether these features are related to serum oestradiol levels.


METHODS
A questionnaire survey of women attending for implants over a six month period.


METHODS
An implant clinic in a district general hospital.


METHODS
Psychological symptoms and their relationship to serum oestradiol levels.


RESULTS
Women with serum oestradiol levels below 500 pmol/L were generally asymptomatic of psychological symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Serum oestradiol levels of women receiving implants should be kept in the range of 300-500 pmol/L. Higher levels appear to be associated with the development of psychological symptoms which could be classified as features of dependence.
O'Leary
A
A
Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.
Bowen-Simpkins
P
P
Tejura
H
H
Rajesh
U
U
D000328:Adult; D004343:Drug Implants; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D004343:Drug Implants; D004958:Estradiol