title: Development of substituted Benzo[c]quinolizinium compounds as novel activators of the cystic fibrosis chloride channel.
abstract: Chloride channels play an important role in the physiology and pathophysiology of epithelia, but their pharmacology is still poorly developed. We have chemically synthesized a series of substituted benzo[c]quinolizinium (MPB) compounds. Among them, 6-hydroxy-7-chlorobenzo[c]quinolizinium (MPB-27) and 6-hydroxy-10-chlorobenzo[c]quinolizinium (MPB-07), which we show to be potent and selective activators of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel. We examined the effect of MPB compounds on the activity of CFTR channels in a variety of established epithelial and nonepithelial cell systems. Using the iodide efflux technique, we show that MPB compounds activate CFTR chloride channels in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing CFTR but not in CHO cells lacking CFTR. Single and whole cell patch clamp recordings from CHO cells confirm that CFTR is the only channel activated by the drugs. Ussing chamber experiments reveal that the apical addition of MPB to human nasal epithelial cells produces a large increase of the short circuit current. This current can be totally inhibited by glibenclamide. Whole cell experiments performed on native respiratory cells isolated from wild type and CF null mice also show that MPB compounds specifically activate CFTR channels. The activation of CFTR by MPB compounds was glibenclamide-sensitive and 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid-insensitive. In the human tracheal gland cell line MM39, MPB drugs activate CFTR channels and stimulate the secretion of the antibacterial secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor. In submandibular acinar cells, MPB compounds slightly stimulate CFTR-mediated submandibular mucin secretion without changing intracellular cAMP and ATP levels. Similarly, in CHO cells MPB compounds have no effect on the intracellular levels of cAMP and ATP or on the activity of various protein phosphatases (PP1, PP2A, PP2C, or alkaline phosphatase). Our results provide evidence that substituted benzo[c]quinolizinium compounds are a novel family of activators of CFTR and of CFTR-mediated protein secretion and therefore represent a new tool to study CFTR-mediated chloride and secretory functions in epithelial tissues.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de neurobiologie UPR-9024 CNRS, 31 ch. J. Aiguier F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France. frederic.becq@campus.univ-poitiers.fr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Becq
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mettey
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Galietta
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Dormer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merten
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Métayé
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chappe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marvingt-Mounir
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zegarra-Moran
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tarran
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bulteau
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dérand
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McPherson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rogier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joffre
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Argent
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarrouilhe
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kammouni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Figarella
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Verrier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gola
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vierfond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000172:deficiency / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015195:Drug Design; D005260:Female; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011804:Quinolines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011807:Quinolizines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C505032:CFTR protein, human; D011804:Quinolines; D011807:Quinolizines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D005576:Colforsin; D005905:Glyburide