title: Preoperative assessment of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma using three-dimensional intraductal US.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the utility of a new imaging modality, three-dimensional intraductal ultrasonography (US), for staging bile duct cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, two- and three-dimensional intraductal US was used to assess tumor invasion of the right hepatic artery, portal vein, and pancreatic parenchyma before resection. The findings were correlated with histologic information from the resected specimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three-dimensional intraductal US enabled accurate assessment of tumor invasion of the right hepatic artery in 88% of cases, the portal vein in 100%, and pancreatic parenchyma in 100%. Two-dimensional intraductal US enabled accurate assessment of invasion of these structures in 88%, 88%, and 88% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional intraductal US is useful in assessing tumor stage in bile duct carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ido
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010179:Pancreas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology