title: Diagnosis and grading of bladder cancer and associated lesions.
abstract: Standardized classification and grading of urothelial carcinoma has now been achieved internationally. Uniformity of pathologic reporting should improve the comparability of different studies and therapies and provide more accurate information to urologists in managing patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. bostwick@bostwicklaboratories.com
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bostwick
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramnani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008499:Medical Records / Q000592:standards; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010212:Papilloma / Q000175:diagnosis; D010336:Pathology / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology