Reduction of tremor severity and disability following behavioral relaxation training.
The effects of behavioral relaxation training (BRT) for the treatment of moderate to severe essential tremor (ET) was evaluated with two older adults, ages 73 and 83, using a single-case design and statistical analysis. Measures included within-session clinician and self-rated tremor severity and disability in activities of daily living (ADL), EMG activity, and daily self-ratings of tremor severity and ADL disabilities. Following a brief 2-4 week baseline period BRT was conducted. Clinically significant reductions of 47-66% in within session clinical and self-rated tremor severity and daily self-ratings were obtained. Statistically significant changes in self- and clinician ratings occurred following BRT. In some cases, EMG activity also declined following intervention. Results at a seven week follow up were mixed and related to continued use of relaxation skills. While the cost ratio (medication: BRT) indicates that relaxation training is more expensive relative to standard medical intervention, cost-benefit to patients off sets the financial difference. Relaxation training may be an efficacious first step in a biobehavioral stepped care treatment model.
Lundervold
D A
DA
Department of Education Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, 79968, USA. dlunderv@utep.edu
Belwood
M F
MF
Craney
J L
JL
Poppen
R
R
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*