title: Brother-sister incest - father-daughter incest: a comparison of characteristics and consequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One group of women who were sexually abused by brothers and a second group who were sexually abused by fathers are compared with the intent to identify the differing characteristics of each type of abuse and the effects of the abuse on their adult functioning. Our hypothesis was that there would indeed be differences in the characteristics of the abuse and its effects, and that this would necessitate differing treatment strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys were distributed to women attending support groups for incest survivors. Of the 62 women completing questionnaires, 14 women (23%) had been sexually abused by a brother. A similar number of women (15) who had been sexually abused by their fathers were chosen from the overall sample for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absence of the father as a vital force in family life played a key role in the sexual abuse of women by their brothers in every case. The duration of the sexual abuse for brother-abused women and father-abused women was lengthy. The characteristics, including use of force, are equally as serious for sisters as for daughters. The family circumstances surrounding the abuse were examined for both groups and the results yielded a fuller understanding of the incestuous family. Despite an appearance of normalcy, the level of family-wide disturbances, for example substance abuse, mental illness and pervasive family-wide violence were profound for both groups. In this study, we also examine the effects in adulthood of the serious disruption of childhood developmental phases for both brother-abused and father-abused women, taking into account the incidence of substance abuse, depression, suicidality, and eating disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors conclude that the characteristics and consequences of brother-sister incest are of equal seriousness to those of father-daughter incest. This would suggest that brother-sister incest is one of the current blind spots in incest research, and one that we cannot afford to ignore. In-depth knowledge of the dynamics and effects of brother-sister incest suggest specific treatment strategies are indeed necessary and these are discussed in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Social Work Department, Saint Joseph College, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Herzberger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007179:Incest / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders; D009679:Nuclear Family; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders