title: Seizures during video-game play and other common leisure pursuits in known epilepsy patients without visual sensitivity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some individuals who are negative to flash/pattern sensitivity have been reported to experience seizures while exposed to video games. This study seeks to examine systematically whether exposure to video-game material is a risk factor for seizures in patients with chronic epilepsy without visual sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and twelve chronic epilepsy patients participated in the study. All were negative to rigorous flash and pattern sensitivity testing. They were randomly allocated to a video game-playing session or to a period of leisure (involving reading, physical exercise, puzzles, etc.) and then alternated between these activities for a fixed total of eight 45-min periods while undergoing video-EEG monitoring. The study ceased if the participant experienced a clinical seizure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five of 212 subjects experienced a seizure while participating in the study. Thirteen seizures occurred during periods of video-game play, and 12 during alternative leisure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have not identified a greater risk of seizures in patients with (not visually sensitive) epilepsy during video-game play compared with other common leisure pursuits. Furthermore, we exposed a large population (212 patients) mostly with severe epilepsy, mainly drug reduced and some sleep deprived, to prolonged video game-playing without observing a significant excess number of seizures. This finding provides strong support for the hypothesis that seizures during video game play in the >95% of the epilepsy population without visual sensitivity are most likely to represent a chance occurrence, although, as always, each individual should be carefully assessed.
authors.affiliation: Jules Thorn Telemetry Unit, Institute of Neurology, University College London, England, UK.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Millett
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Fish
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012892:Sleep Deprivation; D018910:Video Games / Q000009:adverse effects; D014743:Videotape Recording