title: Bactericidal activity of manganese and iodide ions against Staphylococcus aureus: a possible treatment for acute atopic dermatitis.
abstract: We reported previously that balneotherapy using Kusatsu hot-spring water is useful for controlling the skin symptoms of acute flares/exacerbations of refractory cases of atopic dermatitis. As Staphylococcus aureus on the skin surface decreased in number or disappeared after balneotherapy, the hot-spring water was suspected to act against the microorganism. The hot-spring water showed strong bactericidal activity against S. aureus in vitro. In order to clarify the mechanism further, the bactericidal activity of the hot-spring water was examined by adding back cations and anions in same concentrations as those in the original hot-spring water, one at a time to cation- and anion-exchanged hot-spring water. The findings clearly demonstrated that the bactericidal activity was expressed by manganese and iodide ions in acidic conditions (pH 2.0-3.0). Thus, the probable mechanism for the improvement of skin manifestations through Kusatsu balneotherapy is the bactericidal activity of the hot-spring water against S. aureus. When added to water acidified with sulphuric acid (pH 2.0-3.0) a synergistic effect of the 2 ions was observed, so that an anti-staphylococcal effect was obtained even at low concentrations (1 mg/kg). Acidic solutions containing manganese and iodide ions may thus be clinically useful for treating skin conditions caused by S. aureus.
authors.affiliation: Kanebo Ltd, Basic Research Laboratory, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001452:Balneology; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000628:therapy*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007454:Iodides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012996:Solutions; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007454:Iodides; D012996:Solutions; D008345:Manganese