title: Prospective evaluation of extraocular motility following double-plate molteno implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence and type of extraocular motility disturbance after double-plate Molteno implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective clinical series, we evaluated preoperative and postoperative ocular motility at 3 and 6 months in 24 eyes of 24 patients undergoing double-plate Molteno implantation. Visual acuity, motility testing, and subjective and objective diplopia were evaluated at each examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the first 6 months postoperatively, new or worse strabismus developed in 11 (46%) of the 24 study patients. Three of the 11 patients had a generalized restriction of the superior rectus and the superior oblique muscles, all of which persisted 6 months after surgery. Four patients had clinical features consistent with an acquired Brown syndrome, and 6 months after surgery, 3 of the 4 patients had a residual deviation, although the deviation in 1 patient resolved. A superior oblique palsy developed in 3 patients, and a lateral rectus palsy developed in 1 patient. All 4 of the muscle palsies resolved or were resolving during the follow-up period, which ranged from 6 to 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extraocular motility disturbances are not rare after double-plate Molteno surgery. Muscle palsies, acquired Brown syndromes, and generalized restrictions occurred in similar proportions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients should be counseled before Molteno surgery concerning the risk of strabismus and diplopia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dobler-Dixon
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Cantor
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sondhi
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000601:surgery*; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018465:Molteno Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity