title: Sonographic guided insertion of electrodes into the cruciate ligaments of the knee.
abstract: The present cadaver study examined the probability of accurate ultrasound guided insertion of electrodes into the anterior (ACL) and posterior (PCL) cruciate ligament with a fine needle. Visualisation of the structures appeared clearest from the posterior approach. From this approach 24 electrodes were inserted into the PCL and six into the ACL. From the anterior 16 were inserted into the ACL and six into the PCL. Twenty-one out of 24 electrodes were placed correctly into the PCL from the posterior view, and four out of six were placed correctly from the anterior view. From the posterior view four out of six were placed correctly in the ACL, and eight electrodes out of 16 were placed correctly from the anterior view. In conclusion, ultrasound guided insertion of electrodes from the posterior view can be performed with high accuracy into the PCL, whereas insertion into the ACL seems to be less accurate, probably because it is more difficult to visualise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gentofte Hospital/University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fischer-Rasmussen
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dyhre-Pouelsen
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Krogsgaard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002102:Cadaver; D004566:Electrodes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012421:Rupture; D014463:Ultrasonography