Increased airway responsiveness to acetaldehyde in asthmatic subjects with alcohol-induced bronchoconstriction.
Bronchial responsiveness to acetaldehyde, a main factor in alcohol-induced bronchoconstriction, and methacholine were compared between 10 subjects with alcohol-induced bronchoconstriction and 16 asthmatic subjects without alcohol sensitivity. In the alcohol-sensitive group, the geometric mean (geometric SEM (GSEM)) of the provocative concentration of methacholine (PC20,meth) and acetaldehyde (PC20,acet) causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second were 0.947 mg x mL(-1) (GSEM 0.139) and 21.0 mg x mL(-1) (GSEM 0.112), respectively, which were not significantly different from those in the nonalcohol-sensitive group, which were 0.634 mg x mL(-1) (GSEM 0.115) and 31.7 mg x mL(-1) (GSEM 0.077), respectively. The ratio of airway responsiveness to acetaldehyde relative to methacholine (log PC20,acet/PC20,meth) was 1.345+/-0.093 (mean+/-SEM) in the alcohol-sensitive group, which was significantly different from the value of 1.699+/-0.059 in the nonalcohol-sensitive group (p=0.0025). A significant correlation was observed between PC20,meth and PC20,acet in both the alcohol-sensitive group (r=-0.742, p=0.0115) and nonsensitive group (r=0.882, p<0.0001). In conclusion, the airways of asthmatic subjects with alcohol-induced bronchoconstriction have a selective hyperresponsiveness to acetaldehyde.
Fujimura
M
M
The Third Dept of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Takara-machi, Japan.
Myou
S
S
Kamio
Y
Y
Ishiura
Y
Y
Iwasa
K
K
Hashimoto
T
T
Matsuda
T
T
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D000431:Ethanol; D000079:Acetaldehyde