title: Hepatocyte growth factor regulates human trophoblast motility and invasion: a role for nitric oxide.
abstract: 1. The expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is essential for normal placental development although its function is unknown. In this study we examined the effect of HGF on trophoblast cell motility and invasion of fibrin gels and investigated the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in this process. 2. The human extravillous trophoblast cell line SGHPL-4 express both the constitutive and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). 3. HGF significantly stimulates cell motility in monolayer culture, the invasion of fibrin gels and the production of guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP). 4. Invasion, motility and cyclic GMP production were inhibited by Ng-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). 5. Cell motility was also significantly inhibited by the inducible NOS specific inhibitor 1400 W. 6. Neither 8 Br-cyclic GMP nor the NO donor spermine-NO had any significant effect on basal trophoblast cell motility. 7. The data presented in this study demonstrate a direct effect of trophoblast-derived NO synthesis on trophoblast cell function and support the idea that HGF is involved in the regulation of trophoblast invasion through mechanisms that involve the production of NO. However neither exogenous NO nor activation of cyclic GMP-dependent pathways alone are sufficient to stimulate trophoblast cell motility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE. j.cartwright@sghms.ac.uk
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Whitley
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000032:analysis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016023:Integrins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D005337:Fibrin; D001120:Arginine; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D006152:Cyclic GMP