title: Expression of steroidogenic factor 1 and Wilms' tumour 1 during early human gonadal development and sex determination.
abstract: The transcription factors SF-1 and WT1 play pivotal roles in mammalian gonadal development and sexual differentiation. In human embryos, both SF-1 and WT1 are expressed when the indifferent gonadal ridge first forms at 32 days post-ovulation. As the sex cords develop - providing morphological evidence of testis differentiation - SF-1 localises predominantly to developing Sertoli cells in the sex cords, whereas WT1 retains a broader pattern of expression. Later, SF-1 localises predominantly to steroidogenic Leydig cells, and WT1 localises to the sex cords. In the ovary, SF-1 and WT1 transcripts persist in the gonadal ridge from the earliest developmental stages throughout the critical period of sex determination. These studies, which delineate for the first time the sequential expression profiles of SF-1 and WT1 during human gonadal development, provide a framework for understanding human sex reversal phenotypes associated with their mutations.
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. nhanle@mednet.swmed.edu
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clement-Jones
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ostrer
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D015870:Gene Expression; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D010053:Ovary / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D019849:Sex Determination Processes; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D013737:Testis / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025721:WT1 Proteins
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C515057:NR5A1 protein, human; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025721:WT1 Proteins