Current practice of occupational therapy for children with autism.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to examine the current practice patterns of occupational therapists experienced in working with children with autism spectrum disorders.


METHODS
Occupational therapists experienced in providing services to 2-year-old to 12-year-old children with autism completed a mail questionnaire describing practice patterns, theoretical approaches, intervention techniques, and preferred methods of preparation for work with children with autism.


RESULTS
Of those contacted, 72 occupational therapists met the study criteria and returned completed questionnaires. Practice patterns included frequent collaboration with other professionals during assessment and intervention. Intervention services were typically provided in a one-to-one format with the most common techniques being sensory integration (99%) and positive reinforcement (93%). Theoretical approaches included sensory integration (99%), developmental (88%), and behavioral (73%). Evaluations relied heavily on nonstandardized tools and clinical observations. Educational methods identified as most helpful were weekend workshops (56%) and on-the-job training (52%).


CONCLUSIONS
This study clarified the nature of current occupational therapy practice patterns for 2-year-old to 12-year-old children with autism. Additional studies are needed to examine the efficacy of current evaluation and intervention methods, as well as to explore the relevance of available standardized assessments for this population.
Watling
R
R
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. rwatling@u.washington.edu
Deitz
J
J
Kanny
E M
EM
McLaughlin
J F
JF
D001288:Attention; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012684:Sensory Thresholds