title: Performance of first-line management functions on productivity of hospital unit personnel.
abstract: Eight management functions influence the productivity of unit personnel differently. Although leadership of the first-line manager is the primary driving force, time and effort expended in operations detract from this unit output. Better use of second-line managers is a choice strategy to enhance productivity. Benner's model of professional development, in combination with the creation of a first-second line shared leadership operational framework, is recommended, with follow-up evaluations on unit productivity effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Economics, Madonna University, Livonia, MI, USA.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008824:Michigan; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D010557:Personnel Administration, Hospital / Q000592:standards; D010564:Personnel, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D017749:Total Quality Management