The principle of toxicopy and its integration into the administrative proceedings in Austria.
Toxicopy can be understood as an analogon to placebo but within any setting. Placebo is state-of-the-art since decades with relevant consequences: Only those effects may be considered as being pharmacon-specific, that go beyond non-pharmacological ("Placebo") effects. Placebo--theory is a limitation for the applicability of Morgans Canon (4), which is/was accepted within medicine like an axiom: When searching for the causes of disease physiological causes need to be ruled out, before other especially psychological etiologies can be taken into consideration. Toxicopy principle could be confirmed in different settings all over the world, in old and young, male and female, rich and poor and in different cultures. Therefore Morgans Cannon is falsified. Toxicopy principle is accepted as state-of-the-art and part of stand court rulings of the Austrian administrative tribunal. The plant law in Austria--and in Germany--provides for the protection of citizens against health hazards caused by plants, regardless of their etiologies. Therefore, non-toxicological threats must also be considered in plant approval proceedings in future.
Kofler
W
W
Institut für Sozialmedizin Innsbruck, Austria. Walter.Kofler@uibk.ac.at
Lercher
P
P
Wongphanich
M
M
Wagner
M
M
Werner
W
W
Brauchle
G
G
D000367:Age Factors; D001317:Austria; D018876:Environmental Illness / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010686:Philosophy, Medical; D015990:Placebo Effect; D012737:Sex Factors