title: Absence of esophageal injury in pediatric patients after hair relaxer ingestion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the initial signs, symptoms, and endoscopic findings in children admitted to the hospital for ingestion of caustic hair relaxer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective medical chart review of all children admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of caustic ingestion from January 1, 1992, to June 30, 1997. Demographics, admission signs and symptoms, and operative findings were recorded from the medical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  An urban tertiary care children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine children (<3 years old) admitted to the hospital for ingestion of hair relaxers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred nine patients were evaluated for possible caustic ingestion. Only 163 medical charts were available for review. Of these, 59 (36.2%) ingested hair relaxers. Initial signs and symptoms ranged from none to drooling and vomiting and second-degree oral cavity bums. Fifty-six patients (95%) underwent endoscopy, which revealed normal esophageal mucosa in 53 of them, mild erythema of the distal esophagus in 2, and mild esophagitis in 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, hair relaxer ingestion makes up a significant proportion of all children admitted to the hospital for caustic ingestion. No significant esophageal injury was associated with hair relaxer ingestion, suggesting that endoscopy may not be necessary in these patients. Alternative management is suggested. We believe that patients who ingest hair relaxer should be admitted to the hospital for observation if parents are thought to be unreliable, and should undergo endoscopy if they cannot tolerate oral intake. Asymptomatic patients may be cared for as outpatients if they demonstrate adequate oral intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA. ahsansyed@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahsan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haupert
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006203:Hair Preparations / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006203:Hair Preparations