title: Is endosonography useful to select patients for endoscopic treatment of rectal cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  in recent years there have been remarkable advances in the treatment of rectal cancer, stimulated by a general tendency towards conservative treatment, and aided by the development of diagnostic tools that allow the surgeon to select the most suitable tumors for treatment. In some cases, conservative local excision by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) may be appropriate. We analyzed the value of transrectal endosonography for the preoperative staging of rectal cancer previous to TEM.
  
  
  METHODS
  data were collected prospectively from a consecutive series of patients with rectal cancer who underwent TEM between January 1994 and December 1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the accuracy of rectal endosonography in predicting rectal wall invasion was 72.7%. 18.2% of the tumors were overstaged and 9. 1% were understaged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  transrectal endosonography is a useful technique for the selection of patients for TEM but is amenable to further improvement.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía Colorrectal, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tobaruela
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arribas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mortensen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003113:Colonoscopy; D004724:Endoscopy; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy