title: Immunosuppressive activity of glycosphingolipids. Influence of serum factors on ganglioside inhibition of IL-4-dependent cell proliferation.
abstract: Gangliosides have been shown to inhibit proliferation of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) responsive cell line CT.4R. Kinetic analysis has revealed that ganglioside GT1b is a competitive inhibitor of proliferation, while GM and GM3 show a mixed pattern of inhibition, i.e., exhibit more than one inhibition type. Contribution of the competitive cell inhibition for GM1 and GM3 depends on serum factors added: the higher is the percentage of FCS, the larger is the contribution of competitive inhibition. The pattern of proliferation inhibition shown for GT1b does not depend on the FCS content. We have also studied the interaction of the recombinant IL-4 with fluorescent (anthrylvinyl-labelled) gangliosides GM1 and GM3 and lactosylceramide incorporated into liposomes. Dissociation constants of the IL-4-ganglioside complexes have been determined; lactosylceramide does not interact with rIL-4. The K(d) values for the lymphokine complexes with gangliosides support the conclusion based on the kinetic analysis that IL-4 has a higher affinity for GM3 (K(d) = 5 nM) than for GM1 (K(d) = 0.28 microM).
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Molotkovskaya
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Zelenova
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Lutsenko
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sapozhnikov
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Mikhalyov
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Molotkovsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008081:Liposomes; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside; D005732:Gangliosides; D008081:Liposomes; D015847:Interleukin-4; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; C016481:trisialoganglioside GT1