Intestinal peptide transport systems and oral drug availability.
The intestinal peptide transport system has broad substrate specificities. In addition to its physiological function of absorbing di- and tripeptides resulting from the digestion of dietary proteins, this transport system also absorbs some orally administered peptidomimetic drugs, including beta-lactam antibiotics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, renin inhibitors, bestatin, thrombin inhibitors, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its analogues. There have been several studies on the mechanism and substrate structure-affinity relationship for this transport system. Rapid progress has been made recently in studies on the molecular basis of the intestinal peptide transport system. A protein apparently involved in peptide transport has been isolated from rabbit small intestines, and genes for human intestinal peptide transporters have been cloned, sequenced and functionally expressed. This review summarizes these studies and addresses the pharmaceutical potential of the intestinal peptide transport system.
Yang
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Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette Indiana 47907, USA.
Dantzig
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Pidgeon
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D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074011:Peptide Transporter 1; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D027981:Symporters
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D000074011:Peptide Transporter 1; D010455:Peptides; C082186:SLC15A1 protein, human; D027981:Symporters