title: Hybrid polar histone deacetylase inhibitor induces apoptosis and CD95/CD95 ligand expression in human neuroblastoma.
abstract: Inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC) have been shown to have both apoptotic and differentiating effects on various tumor cells. M-carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA) is a recently developed hybrid polar compound structurally related to hexamethylene bisacetamide. CBHA is a potent inhibitor of HDAC activity. CBHA induces cellular growth arrest and differentiation in model tumor systems. We undertook an investigation of the effects of CBHA on human neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro. When added to cultures of a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines, CBHA induced the accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4, consistent with the inhibition of HDAC. Concentrations of CBHA between 0.5 microM and 4 microM led to apoptosis in nine of nine neuroblastoma cell lines. Apoptosis was assessed by DNA fragmentation analysis and the appearance of a sub-G1 (<2N ploidy) population by flow cytometric analysis. The addition of a caspase inhibitor (benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone) completely abrogated CBHA-induced apoptosis in three of three cell lines. The addition of cycloheximide greatly reduced CBHA-induced apoptosis, suggesting that apoptotic induction was dependent on de novo protein synthesis. In addition, CBHA induced the expression of both CD95 (APO-1/Fas) and CD95 ligand within 12 h. The effect of CBHA on human neuroblastoma cells suggests that this agent and structurally related synthetic hybrid polar compounds have therapeutic potential for the treatment of this malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sloan-Kettering Institute, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Glick
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Swendeman
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rifkind
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Richon
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: La Quaglia
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D002934:Cinnamates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C111238:carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide; D019014:fas Receptor; D003513:Cycloheximide