title: [In-vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy: the determination of the intra- and extramyocellular lipid content depending on the insulin effect in the direct offspring of type-2 diabetics].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Differentiation and assessment of intra- (IMCL) and extramyocellular lipids (EMCL) in offspring of type II diabetic subjects by means of 1H-MR spectroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out of a group of more than 250 metabolically characterized offspring of type II diabetics, twenty subjects were selected and matched for anthropometric parameters. Glucose clamp was performed prior to MRS in all subjects for metabolic characterization. Ten individuals were classified as insulin resistant (MCR < 7 ml/kg/min) and ten were found to be insulin sensitive (MCR > 7 ml/kg/min). MRS was performed in the tibialis anterior muscle and in the soleus muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For insulin resistant individuals the MRS results revealed a higher IMCL content in both muscles. In the tibialis anterior muscle IMCL was increased by 1.6 fold (arbitrary units +/- SEM: 3.2 +/- 0.4 vs 2.0 +/- 0.3; p < 0.01) and in the soleus muscle by 2.0 fold (arbitrary units +/- SEM: 13.0 +/- 1.9 vs 6.6 +/- 0.9; p < or = 0.01). There was no correlation between EMCL and MCR in the soleus muscle. In addition, no relationship between the amount of IMCL and the subcutaneous fat layer was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significantly increased intramyocellular lipid content in insulin resistant offspring of type II diabetic subjects was assessed non-invasively by 1H-MR spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen. klaus.brechtel@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brechtel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strempfer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schick
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Häring
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin