title: Expression of interleukin-8 in primary and metastatic malignant melanoma of the skin.
abstract: It was recently demonstrated that interleukin-8 (IL-8) is produced by cultured melanoma cells and acts as an essential autocrine growth factor. Earlier studies from our laboratory demonstrated a direct correlation between IL-8 expression in human variant cell lines and their metastatic potential in nude mice. In the present study we examined the expression of IL-8 in human malignant melanomas using immunohistochemistry to correlate IL-8 levels with disease stage. None of the radial growth phase (RGP) tumours (melanoma in situ) expressed IL-8. In contrast, 50% of the vertical growth phase (VGP) tumours (invasive melanoma), which have a high risk of metastasis, showed IL-8 immunoreactivity. Further, all the metastatic lesions analysed showed intense staining for IL-8; the levels were higher than those observed in the primary skin tumours. In summary, the data suggest an association between the expression of IL-8 and the metastatic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5660, USA. rsingh@unmc.edu
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Varney
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Bucana
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Johansson
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D010641:Phenotype; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016209:Interleukin-8