title: A previously unidentified acepromazine metabolite in humans: implications for the measurement of acepromazine in blood.
abstract: High-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection results obtained during the investigation of two cases involving acepromazine prompted us to study the stability of the drug in blood. It was found that acepromazine can undergo in vitro conversion by human red blood cells to 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine, a product that has been reported as a minor urinary metabolite in horse urine but not previously identified in humans. Further, our analytical findings in the two cases examined suggest that 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine may be the major unconjugated metabolite of acepromazine in humans. These findings have important implications for the analytical toxicology of acepromazine.
authors.affiliation: Regional Laboratory for Toxicology, City Hospital NHS Teaching Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hale
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004355:Drug Stability; D005048:Etorphine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000506:poisoning; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods; D006708:Homicide; D006801:Humans; D008728:Methotrimeprazine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000506:poisoning; D011395:Promazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D013406:Suicide, Attempted
chemical_list: C121957:2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C004820:Immobilon; D005048:Etorphine; D000075:Acepromazine; D008728:Methotrimeprazine; D011395:Promazine