title: Selective A2A adenosine receptor activation reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat kidney.
abstract: A2A adenosine receptors (A2A-ARs) are known modulators of renal hemodynamics and potent inhibitors of inflammation. We sought to determine whether selective activation of A2A-ARs protects kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury. The ester derivative of DWH-146 (DWH-146e), a selective A2A agonist, was found to be more potent and selective for A2A-ARs than the prototype compound CGS-21680. Osmotic minipumps were implanted subcutaneously to infuse into rats either vehicle or DWH-146e (0.004 microg. kg(-1). min(-1)), during and after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Following 24 and 48 h of reperfusion, the rise in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen for vehicle-treated rats was substantially elevated compared with DWH-146e-treated rats. Histological examination revealed widespread tubular epithelial necrosis and vascular congestion in the outer medulla of vehicle-treated compared with DWH-146e-treated animals. ZM-241385, a selective A(2A) antagonist, blocked the protective effect of DWH-146e. Delaying administration of DWH-146e until the initiation of reperfusion also decreased serum creatinine. We conclude that 1) selective A2A-AR activation by DWH-146e reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat kidneys, 2) the effect of DWH-146e is A2A receptor mediated, and 3) the protective effects are mediated by preventing injury during the reperfusion period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. mdo7y@virginia.edu
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Okusa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D058906:Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D058906:Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D014227:Triazines; D014230:Triazoles; C097270:ZM 241385