title: Frequency of islet cell autoantibodies (IA-2 and GAD) in young Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes, as an autoimmune disease, presents several islet cell-specific autoantibodies such as islet cell antibody (ICA), anti-insulin, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and the antibody (Ab) against tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-like protein known as ICA-512 (IA-2). In order to determine the frequency of the anti-GAD and anti-IA-2 autoantibodies in Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients we studied 35 diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 patients with recent-onset disease (</=12 months) and 37 type 1 diabetes patients with long-duration diabetes (>12 months) who were compared to 12 children with normal fasting glucose. Anti-GAD65 and anti-IA-2 autoantibodies were detected with commercial immunoprecipitation assays. The frequency of positive results in recent-onset DM type 1 patients was 80.0% for GADAb, 62.9% for IA-2Ab and 82.9% for GADAb and/or IA-2Ab. The long-duration type 1 diabetes subjects presented frequencies of 54.1% for GADAb and IA-2Ab, and 67.5% for GAD and/or IA-2 antibodies. The control group showed no positive cases. Anti-GAD and IA-2 assays showed a high frequency of positivity in these Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients, who presented the same prevalence as a Caucasian population.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Clínica H. Pardini, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. vpardini@labhpardini.com.br
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Pardini
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mourao
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vívolo
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pardini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase