title: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery in adolescent soccer and basketball players.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate trends in the frequency of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears among adolescent soccer and basketball players resulting in reconstructive surgery, and to assess differences between female and male adolescent athletes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of ACL reconstructive surgeries performed from 1992 through 1997 and annual statewide participation rates obtained from the National Federation of State High School Associations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescent athletes 13 to 19 years of age (78 girls, 31 boys) admitted for ACL reconstruction due to soccer or basketball injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of ACL reconstructive surgeries and number of Massachusetts participants in high school soccer and basketball.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 69 soccer (49 girls, 20 males) and 40 basketball (29 girls, 11 males) players underwent ACL reconstruction. A greater proportion of girls underwent ACL surgery in both sports. The frequency increased over time for both sexes in both sports. Soccer-related surgeries increased at a faster rate among girls than boys. Basketball-related surgeries increased at a similar rate for both sexes, although in any given year more surgeries were performed on girls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of ACL surgery at our institution has increased among high school soccer and basketball players in a manner consistent with trends in sports participation. In our study, ACL surgery was more common among girls than boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Micheli
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Metzl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Di Canzio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zurakowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001490:Basketball / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012916:Soccer / Q000293:injuries*; D016896:Treatment Outcome