title: Effects of pranidipine, a new calcium antagonist, on circulation in the choroid, retina and optic nerve head.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of pranidipine, a newly developed Ca(2+)-antagonist, on tissue circulation in the optic nerve head (ONH), choroid, and retina in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pranidipine (5 microg/kg) or vehicle solution was injected intravenously in urethane-anesthetized rabbits and the normalized blur value (NB), a quantitative index of in vivo tissue blood velocity, was measured in the choroid and in an area of the ONH and retina free of visible surface vessels before and for 90 min after injection, using the laser speckle method. Measurements in the ONH and choroid were performed in the same albino rabbit eyes (pranidipine group, n = 10; control group, n = 10) and those in the retina in another group of Dutch rabbits (pranidipine group, n = 10; control group, n = 10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 30 and 90 min after injection, the NB in the pranidipine group increased by 24% in the ONH, 19% in the choroid, and 17% in the retina on an average compared to baseline, and was significantly different from that in the control group (P < 0.0001, ANOVA). There were no significant inter-group differences in the systemic parameters, except for a transient decrease in blood pressure in the pranidipine groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pranidipine increased blood velocity and probably blood flow in the ONH, choroid, and retina of rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital Eye Clinic 35-2, Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Urashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C048161:pranidipine