title: Subharmonic imaging with microbubble contrast agents: initial results.
abstract: The subharmonic emission from insonified contrast microbubbles was used to create a new imaging modality called Subharmonic Imaging. The subharmonic response of contrast microbubbles to ultrasound pulses was first investigated for determining adequate acoustic transmit parameters. Subharmonic A-lines and gray scale images were then obtained using a laboratory pulse-echo system in vitro and a modified ultrasound scanner in vivo. Excellent suppression of all backscattered signals other than from contrast microbubbles was achieved for subharmonic A-lines in vitro while further optimization is required for in vivo gray scale subharmonic images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, and Jefferson Ultrasound Education and Research Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Chiao
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Thomenius
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wheatley
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004285:Dogs; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media