title: Association of alterations in ParC and GyrA proteins with resistance of clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium to nine different fluoroquinolones.
abstract: The parC and gyrA genes of 73 ciprofloxacin-resistant and 6 ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates were partly sequenced. Alterations in ParC and GyrA, possibly in combination with other resistance mechanisms, severely restricted the in vitro activities of the nine quinolones tested. For all isolates, clinafloxacin and sitafloxacin showed the best activities.
authors.affiliation: Eijkman-Winkler Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands. sbrisse@lab.azu.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brisse
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fluit
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heisig
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milatovic
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scheuring
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Köhrer
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000235:genetics*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II