title: Racial differences in metabolic predictors of obesity among postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study determined whether there are racial differences in resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat oxidation, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in obese [body mass index (BMI = 34+/-2 kg/m2)], postmenopausal (58+/-2 years) women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty black and 20 white women were matched for fat mass and lean mass (LM), as determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. RMR and fat oxidation were measured by indirect calorimetry in the early morning after a 12-hour fast using the ventilated hood technique. VO2max was measured on a treadmill during a progressive exercise test to voluntary exhaustion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RMR, adjusted for differences in LM, was 5% higher in white than black women (1566+/-27 and 1490+/-26 kcal/day, respectively; p<0.05); and fat oxidation rate was 17% higher in white than black women (87+/-4 and 72+/-3 g/day, respectively; p<0.01). VO2max (L/minute) was 150 mL per minute (8%) higher (p<0.05) in white than black women. VO2max correlated with LM in black (r=0.44, p=0.05) and white (r=0.53, p<0.05) women, but the intercept of the regression line was higher in white than black women (p<0.05), with no significant difference in slopes. In a multiple regression model including race, body weight, LM, and age, LM was the only independent predictor of RMR (r2 = 0.46, p<0.0001), whereas race was the only independent predictor of fat oxidation (r2 = 0.18, p<0.05). The best predictors of VO2max were LM (r2 = 0.22, p<0.05) and race (cumulative r2 = 0.30, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show there are racial differences in metabolic predictors of obesity. Determination of whether these ethnic differences lead to, or are an effect of, obesity status or other lifestyle factors requires further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore V.A. Medical Center, 21201, USA. bricklas@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nicklas
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Dobrovolny
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D001481:Basal Metabolism; D044383:Black People; D001823:Body Composition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D017698:Postmenopause; D044465:White People