A clinical trial of 'AM', a Ugandan herbal remedy for malaria.
BACKGROUND
Mortality and morbidity from malaria is still high in Africa, and may further increase as resistance to antimalarial drugs spreads. Many people rely on herbal medicines as the first line of treatment. Yet there has been very little clinical research into their effectiveness.


METHODS
Patients being treated for malaria at a herbalists' clinic in South-West Uganda were followed up and their response to a particular herb, 'AM', was monitored. Eighty-eight patients were enrolled; 72 were followed up for at least 2 days, and were questioned about side-effects. Nineteen patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum had initial parasite counts sufficiently high for parasite clearance to be assessed.


RESULTS
No severe adverse reactions were observed, although about 50 per cent experienced minor side-effects. Although complete parasite clearance was achieved in only one case, the geometric mean of parasite counts had declined significantly by day 7. There was also a marked symptomatic improvement in 17 of the 19 patients.


CONCLUSIONS
AM appears safe, although it is not always well tolerated. Significant symptomatic improvement and a reduction of parasite counts were observed in patients taking AM. There is a need for further research, such as a randomized controlled trial, to assess the efficacy of this treatment.
Willcox
M L
ML
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nevill Hall Hospital, Abergavenny.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015995:Prevalence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
D000962:Antimalarials