title: A nitric oxide concentration clamp.
abstract: We report a new method of generating nitric oxide (NO) that possesses several advantages for experimental use. This method consists of a photolysis chamber where NO is released by illuminating photolabile NO donors with light from a xenon lamp, in conjunction with feedback control. Control of the photolysis light was achieved by selectively gating light projected through a shutter before the light was launched into a light guide that conveyed the light to the photolysis chamber. By gating the light in proportion to a sensor that reported nearly instantaneous concentration from the photolysis chamber, a criterion NO concentration could be achieved, which could be easily adjusted to higher or lower criterion levels. To denote the similarity of this process with the electrophysiological process of voltage clamp, we term this process a concentration "clamp." This development enhances the use of the fiber-optic-based system for NO delivery and should enable the execution of experiments where the in situ concentration of NO is particularly critical, such as in biological preparations.
authors.affiliation: World Precision Instruments, Inc., International Trade Center, 175 Sarasota Center Boulevard, Sarasota, Florida, 34240-9258, USA. valentin@wpiinc.com
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Zhelyaskov
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Godwin
mesh_terms: D005246:Feedback; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside; D055100:Optical Fibers; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010782:Photolysis; D014978:Xenon
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014978:Xenon