title: Interferon alpha augments activation-induced T cell death by upregulation of Fas (CD95/APO-1) and Fas ligand expression.
abstract: Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) plays a prominent role in the therapy of a variety of diseases. The Fas/FasL system is crucial for the cytotoxic function and the peripheral elimination of activated T lymphocytes (ATC) by a mechanism referred to as activation-induced cell death (AICD). Recent studies suggest a link between IFN-alpha, the 2', 5'- oligoadenylate system and apoptosis. We therefore asked whether IFN-alpha is able to regulate the Fas/FasL pathway and thereby affects AICD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), purified T cells and ATC of healthy volunteers were stimulated with various agents and the influence of IFN-alpha on Fas/FasL was assessed by mRNA and protein studies. The proportion of ATC undergoing AICD or anti-Fas-induced apoptosis was determined by FITC-annexin V staining and propidium iodide uptake. IFN-alpha upregulated mRNA expression of Fas and FasL in activated PBMC. Furthermore the concentration of the soluble form of FasL (sFasL) was increased in PBMC and T cells co-stimulated with IFN-alpha and various agents, whereas Fas surface expression was enhanced by IFN-alpha alone. IFN-alpha enhanced apoptosis induced by anti-Fas antibody and augmented AICD via the Fas/FasL pathway. IFN-alpha-regulated AICD may contribute to lymphopenia observed during IFN-alpha therapy. Our data further support that IFN-alpha is a multifunctional cytokine with profound effects on the immune cascades.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaser
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tilg
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011419:Propidium; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012995:Solubility; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019014:fas Receptor; D011419:Propidium