title: Physical activity modulates the effect of a lipoprotein lipase mutation (D9N) on plasma lipids and lipoproteins.
abstract: We investigated interactions between a mutation (D9N) in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene and physical activity, as well as other lifestyle factors, on lipid traits in a population-based sample of Dutch men and women (n = 379). We used questionnaire information to classify physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits, while overweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2. Non-fasting blood samples were used for the determination of lipid traits and the D9N genotype. Fifteen subjects (4%) carried the mutation. They presented with higher levels of total cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) B and triglycerides compared to non-carriers. While no interactions with overweight, alcohol consumption, and smoking were found, a strong interaction between the D9N mutation and physical activity became apparent. Physically inactive D9N carriers (n = 5) had considerably higher total cholesterol (+2 mmol/l, p < or = 0.0001) and apo B levels (+63 mg/dl, p < or = 0.0001) compared to non-carriers of this mutation, whereas their high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations were lower (-0.22 mmol/l, p < 0.05). This was not the case for physically active D9N carriers (n = 10). In conclusion, a common variant of the LPL gene (D9N) adversely affects plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles. However, the unfavorable consequences may be counteracted by physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. jma.boer@rivm.nl
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kuivenhoven
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Feskens
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Havekes
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Seidell
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kromhout
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009426:Netherlands; D011897:Random Allocation; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase