title: The usage of veterinary antibacterial drugs for mastitis in cattle in Norway and Sweden during 1990-1997.
abstract: The prescribing patterns and annual incidence of use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of mastitis in cattle in Norway and Sweden during the period 1990-1997 were estimated from drug wholesaler statistics. Although the drugs included in this study are also used in other species and/or other indications, mastitis in cattle is by far the most-common indication for their use. We used these sales figures to evaluate trends in the use of antibacterial drugs and changes in the incidence of treatment in bovine mastitis in Norway and Sweden. To facilitate comparisons (correcting for differences in activity and dosage) between the relative proportions of antibacterial drugs used in bovine mastitis, we introduced defined daily dose cow (DDDcow) as unit of measurement. Tentative DDDcow for the various injectable drugs were derived from doses recommended in Norway and Sweden. For intramammary drugs administered in the form of single-dose applicators, one applicator was defined as the DDDcow. The prescribing patterns of antibacterial drugs in bovine mastitis in Norway and Sweden during the study period seemed to be influenced by treatment policies, substances and formulations approved and treatment cost; length of the withdrawal period also seemed to play a role.
authors.affiliation: The Veterinary Pharmacy, National Hospital Pharmacy/Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, Oslo. kari.grave@veths.no
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grave
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Greko
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Odensvik
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mørk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rønning
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D016527:Drug Costs; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D015994:Incidence; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011640:Public Policy; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents