title: Identification of microtubule-organizing centers in interphase melanophores of Xenopus laevis larvae in vivo.
abstract: The morphological characteristics of microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) in dermal interphase melanophores of Xenopus laevis larvae in vivo at 51-53 stages of development has been studied using immunostained semi-thick sections by fluorescent microscopy combined with computer image analysis. Computer image analysis of melanophores with aggregated and dispersed pigment granules, stained with the antibodies against the centrosome-specific component (CTR210) and tubulin, has revealed the presence of one main focus of microtubule convergence in the cell body, which coincides with the localization of the centrosome-specific antigen. An electron microscopy of those melanophores has shown that aggregation or dispersion of melanosomes is accompanied by changes in the morphological arrangement of the MTOC/centrosome. The centrosome in melanophores with dispersed pigment exhibits a conventional organization, and their melanosomes are situated in an immediate vicinity of the centrioles. In melanophores with aggregated pigment, MTOC is characterized by a three-zonal organization: the centrosome with centrioles, the centrosphere, and an outlying radial arrangement of microtubules and their associated inclusions. The centrosome in interphase melanophores is presumed to contain a pair of centrioles or numerous centrioles. Because of an inability of detecting additional MTOCs, it has been considered that an active MTOC in interphase melanophores of X. laevis is the centrosome. We assume that remaining intact microtubules in the cytoplasmic processes of mitotic melanophores (Rubina et al., 1999) derive either from the aster or the centrosome active at the interphase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytology and Histology, Moscow State University, Russia. cytos@1.cytol.bio.msu.ru
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rubina
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Gulak
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smirnova
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Starodubov
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Onishchenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002502:Centrioles / Q000378:metabolism; D018385:Centrosome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007399:Interphase; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology; D008547:Melanophores / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology*