title: The receptor tyrosine phosphatase CRYPalpha promotes intraretinal axon growth.
abstract: Retinal ganglion cell axons grow towards the optic fissure in close contact with the basal membrane, an excellent growth substratum. One of the ligands of receptor tyrosine phosphatase CRYPalpha is located on the retinal and tectal basal membranes. To analyze the role of this RPTP and its ligand in intraretinal growth and guidance of ganglion cell axons, we disrupted ligand- receptor interactions on the retinal basal membrane in culture. Antibodies against CRYPalpha strongly reduced retinal axon growth on the basal membrane, and induced a dramatic change in morphology of retinal growth cones, reducing the size of growth cone lamellipodia. A similar effect was observed by blocking the ligand with a CRYPalpha ectodomain fusion protein. These effects did not occur, or were much reduced, when axons were grown either on laminin-1, on matrigel or on basal membranes with glial endfeet removed. This indicates that a ligand for CRYPalpha is located on glial endfeet. These results show for the first time in vertebrates that the interaction of a receptor tyrosine phosphatase with its ligand is crucial not only for promotion of retinal axon growth but also for maintenance of retinal growth cone lamellipodia on basal membranes.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Physikalische Biologie, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ledig
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haj
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bixby
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Stoker
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology; D002450:Cell Communication; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007797:Laminin / Q000502:physiology; D008024:Ligands; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D054557:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007797:Laminin; D008024:Ligands; C121346:laminin 1; C490606:CRYPalpha protein, Gallus gallus; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054557:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases