[Effects of oral contraceptive preparations and smoking on lipoprotein repartition].
We studied the effect of oral contraceptives and smoking on the lipid profile of 251 women and 72 men, 20-29-year-old. In women, taking estroprogestatives, cholesterol, triglycerides, apoproteins AI and B were higher than in controls; HDL-cholesterol was not modified. Lipoprotein analyses in polyacrylamide gradient gel exhibited an increase of the HDL3 fraction at the expense of the HDL2 fraction, with a reduced LDL size. Smoking in addition to estroprogestative absorption accentuated these modifications and led to a decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL2 fraction essentially), with an increased LDL-cholesterol. In men, smoking resulted in higher levels of total cholesterol, apoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol, without any significant change in LDL size, higher levels of triglycerides and lower level of the HDL2 fraction without any change in HDL-cholesterol. In women, smoking led only to an increase in triglycerides. In summary, analysis of the distribution of HDL subclasses and of LDL size showed an evolution towards a supposed more atherogenic lipid profile in women taking oral contraceptives associated or not with smoking, and in male smokers.
Foulon
T
T
Laboratoire de biochimie A, CHU, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09.
Payen
N
N
Groslambert
P
P
Bijaoui
S
S
Dupont
G
G
Roland
F
F
Laporte
F
F
D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017135:Desogestrel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D008074:Lipoproteins; D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D014280:Triglycerides; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D017135:Desogestrel; D002784:Cholesterol