title: Balance and physical impairments after stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship among laboratory and clinical balance measures and physical impairments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive correlational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects with stroke, recruited through convenience sampling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postural sway was calculated in terms of center of pressure (COP) parameters including spectral characteristics. Clinical balance was measured using the Balance Scale. The assessed physical impairments included stages of lower limb motor recovery, ankle proprioception, and passive dorsiflexion range of the involved limb.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Balance Scale was correlated with COP speed (r = -.57), COP root mean square speed (r = -.50), and COP mean frequency (r = -.50) in the anterior-posterior direction only. Moderate to high correlations were found among most of the COP parameters except spectral characteristics. Significant differences in postural sway were found among different stance in eyes-open (p = .00 to .02) and eyes-closed conditions (p = .00 to .04). Subjects with impaired ankle proprioception had significantly increased postural sway and decreased Balance Scale scores when compared with the subjects with intact ankle proprioception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some of the clinical and laboratory balance assessments were related, indicating that some components of the tests are similar, but some measured different aspects of balance. Postural sway was related to visual condition, stance position, and proprioception.
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niam
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle / Q000503:physiopathology; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; D004856:Postural Balance; D011187:Posture; D011312:Pressure; D011434:Proprioception; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D014796:Visual Perception