title: Brain gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (GCS) mRNA expression patterns correlate with regional-specific enzyme activities and glutathione levels.
abstract: The first and rate-limiting reaction in the formation of glutathione is catalyzed by gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), a dimer composed of a catalytic heavy and a regulatory light subunit. We previously found that heavy subunit GCS mRNA appears to be expressed at high levels in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex of murine brain and at lower levels in the neostriatum (Kang et al. [1997] NeuroReport 8:2053). Here we report that variations in expression of light subunit GCS mRNA in murine brain resembles that of the heavy subunit mRNA with a few minor exceptions. Moreover, levels of GCS activity and glutathione levels in various brain regions appear to correspond to levels of expression of both GCS mRNA subunits. Based on these data, differences in the distribution of expression of the GCS subunits in the brain may therefore have major implications for the susceptibility of various brain regions to oxidative stress and/or mitochondrial damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-0191, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Viswanath
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: J Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000201:enzymology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000201:enzymology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000201:enzymology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000201:enzymology; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009928:Organ Specificity; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000201:enzymology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; D005978:Glutathione