title: Apparatus for studying in vitro drug release from medicated chewing gums.
abstract: An apparatus for in vitro drug release testing of medicated chewing gums has been developed and is described in detail. The effects on the drug release when varying critical instrumental settings such as the chewing stroke frequency, the distance between the chewing surfaces, the twisting movements of these surfaces and the temperature of the test medium have been thoroughly investigated. It has been shown that the drug release can be tuned to obtain suitable drug release profiles for a number of products: Nicorette((R)) and Nicotinell((R)) (active substance nicotine), Travvell((R)) (dimenhydrinate), V6((R)) (xylitol) and an experimental formulation containing meclizine. The main usage of the present apparatus should be within quality control but the present study has also shown that it may be employed within development pharmaceutics since useful in vivo/in vitro relationships may be obtained due to the versatile settings of the critical instrumental parameters.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacia and Upjohn, Consumer Healthcare, Research and Development, P.O. Box 941, SE-251 09, Helsingborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kvist
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fors
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wennergren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berglund
mesh_terms: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002638:Chewing Gum; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008468:Meclizine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002638:Chewing Gum; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011145:Polyvinyls; D008468:Meclizine; D009538:Nicotine