title: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is required for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression. The role of TATA-binding protein (TBP).
abstract: Endotoxin-induced cytokine gene transcription in monocytes and macrophages is regulated in part by NF-kappaB. We have previously shown that the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is necessary for endotoxin-induced cytokine gene transcription. Due to the fact that most cytokine promoter sequences have active NF-kappaB sites, we hypothesized that the p38 MAP kinase was necessary for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression. We found that NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression was reduced to near control levels with either SB 203580 or a dominant-negative p38 MAP kinase expression vector. Inhibition of the p38 MAP kinase did not alter NF-kappaB activation at any level, but it significantly reduced the DNA binding of TATA-binding protein (TBP) to the TATA box. The dominant-negative p38 MAP kinase expression vector interfered with the direct interaction of native TFIID (TBP) with a co-transfected p65 fusion protein. Likewise, this dominant-negative plasmid also interfered with the direct interaction of a co-transfected TBP fusion protein with the native p65 subunit. The p38 kinase also phosphorylated TFIID (TBP) in vitro, and SB 203580 inhibited phosphorylation of TFIID (TBP) in vivo. Thus, the p38 MAP kinase regulates NF-kappaB-dependent gene transcription, in part, by modulating activation of TFIID (TBP).
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Knudtson
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Monick
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hunninghake
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016385:TATA Box; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D011725:Pyridines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008156:Luciferases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580