title: Kinetics of lymphokine production in HIV+ patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy and interleukin 2.
abstract: This study presents the kinetics of CD4/CD25 cell numbers, serum sCD25 levels, and intracellular production and release of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-16 (IL-16) in 11 HIV+ patients treated with six cycles of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) plus six MUI of subcutaneous IL-2 compared to 10 HIV+ patients treated with HAART alone. IL-2 therapy induced moderate effects on CD4 T cell recovery and increased CD4/CD25+ cells and sCD25 levels after 2 weeks, while intracellular and secreted IL-2 was reduced and IL-16 was increased at the same time point. After 24 weeks, while HAART-treated patients had increased IL-2 production, in IL-2 treated patients, cytokine production was unaltered compared to pretreatment values. Decreased in vitro IL-2 production may depend on a feedback inhibition by IL-2 infusion. Because of its known antiviral effects, the increased IL-16 production seen after 2 weeks in IL-2-treated individuals may produce beneficial effects on HIV disease. The kinetics of cytokine production may serve to define better the use IL-2 in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Virology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Paoli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zanussi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caggiari
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bortolin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Andrea
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simonelli
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tirelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D051927:CD24 Antigen; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; D051927:CD24 Antigen; C497889:CD24 protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019410:Interleukin-16; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008222:Lymphokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019469:Indinavir