title: Cytidine 5'-triphosphate-dependent biosynthesis of isoprenoids: YgbP protein of Escherichia coli catalyzes the formation of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol.
abstract: 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate has been established recently as an intermediate of the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway used for biosynthesis of terpenoids in plants and in many microorganisms. We show that an enzyme isolated from cell extract of Escherichia coli converts 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate into 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol by reaction with CTP. The enzyme is specified by the hitherto unannotated ORF ygbP of E. coli. The cognate protein was obtained in pure form from a recombinant hyperexpression strain of E. coli harboring a plasmid with the ygbP gene under the control of a T5 promoter and lac operator. By using the recombinant enzyme, 4-diphosphocytidyl-[2-(14)C]2-C-methylerythritol was prepared from [2-(14)C]2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate. The radiolabeled 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol was shown to be efficiently incorporated into carotenoids by isolated chromoplasts of Capsicum annuum. The E. coli ygbP gene appears to be part of a small operon also comprising the unannotated ygbB gene. Genes with similarity to ygbP and ygbB are present in the genomes of many microorganisms, and their occurrence appears to be correlated with that of the deoxyxylulose pathway of terpenoid biosynthesis. Moreover, several microorganisms have genes specifying putative fusion proteins with ygbP and ygbB domains, suggesting that both the YgbP protein and the YgbB protein are involved in the deoxyxylulose pathway. A gene from Arabidopsis thaliana with similarity to ygbP carries a putative plastid import sequence, which is well in line with the assumed localization of the deoxyxylulose pathway in the plastid compartment of plants.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rohdich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wungsintaweekul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fellermeier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sagner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kis
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eisenreich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bacher
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zenk
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003570:Cytidine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D004896:Erythritol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013403:Sugar Phosphates / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C114232:2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate; C400182:4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013403:Sugar Phosphates; D003570:Cytidine Triphosphate; C400183:4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C--methylerythritol synthase; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases; C400181:ISPF protein, E coli; D004896:Erythritol