title: Impaired endothelium-dependent vascular responses of retinal and intrarenal arteries in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathies such as retinopathy and nephropathy as well as macrovascular diseases. The aim of the current study was to determine whether endothelial function in the retinal and renal arteries is impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the effects of an intravenous infusion of L-arginine and a sublingual administration of nitroglycerin on the brachial, retinal, and interlobar arterial hemodynamics in 20 type 2 diabetic patients (10 with normoalbuminuria and 10 with microalbuminuria) and 10 aged-matched control subjects. Despite no difference in the nitroglycerin-induced vascular response of the brachial or retinal artery among the 3 groups, the L-arginine-induced vascular response of each artery was significantly lower in both the normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients than in the control subjects and the microalbuminuric patients showed the lowest value among the 3 groups (P<0.01, each artery, respectively). The L-arginine-induced vascular response of each artery was significantly correlated with HbA1c levels (brachial artery, r=0.617, P=0.0003; retinal artery, r=0.599, P=0.0005; interlobar artery, r=0.636, P=0.0002). In addition, stepwise multiple regression analysis of all subjects showed that HbA1c level was an independent determinant for the L-arginine-induced vascular response of each artery. The results showed that the endothelium-dependent vascular responses of the retinal and intrarenal arteries as well as the brachial artery were impaired in diabetic patients before the clinical manifestation of diabetic nephropathy, and suggest that endothelial dysfunction in these arteries is associated with hyperglycemia in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. takahiko@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawagishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuyoshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taniwaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000378:metabolism; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D001120:Arginine; D005996:Nitroglycerin