title: Primary culture of venom gland cells from the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus).
abstract: Primary cultures of venom gland cells from the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) were attempted. At first, six different cell types were obtained including potentially secreting epithelial-like cells. Nonepithelial cell cultures were later invaded by fibroblast-like cells. Cultures of epithelial-like gland cells were successfully maintained, after testing different culture conditions by varying the media, incubation temperature, use of dissociating agents and adhesion substrates. The best results were achieved using plates precoated with rattlesnake skin collagen and incubation in CMRL 1415 modified for snake gland cells plus 10% fetal calf serum at 30 degrees C. The presence of venom could be demonstrated in the supernatant of five out of six epithelial-like gland cell cultures tested by ELISA, in the very first passages. After the third passage, however, venom amounts dropped to undetectable values. A total of 23 venom gland cell lines were obtained and are kept frozen in the laboratory; among them, five epithelial-like gland cell lines with up to 12 passages, that were continuously cultured for more than 30 weeks. The methodology described here was successfully applied to C. d. terrificus kidney cells culturing, developed to be used as negative control.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Montes de Oca
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Fortes-Dias
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017839:Crotalus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003439:Crotoxin / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005088:Exocrine Glands / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003439:Crotoxin