title: Beneficial effect of hormone replacement therapy on weight loss in obese menopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At the onset of menopause, weight-gain and the aggravation of certain cardiovascular risk factors are frequently observed. The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic effects of combined hormone replacement therapy (17beta-oestradiol transdermic 50 microg for 21 days and oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 5 mg from day 10 to 21) using, in particular, indirect calorimetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (21; 12 substituted and nine controls) were studied twice (3 months apart) during an oral glucose load (75 g).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total body weight was unaltered after 3 months in the control group, whereas a fat-loss of 2.1+/-0.2 kg and a decrease of the waist:hip ratio were observed in the substituted group. In the latter group, a significant increase in lipid oxidation was observed (0.58+/-0.06 mg/kg/min before and 0.75+/-0.04 mg/kg/min after substitution P<0.05), whilst total energy expenditure and thermogenesis were also increased. Glucose, lipid and protein oxidation remained stable during three months in the control group. The insulin response to an oral glucose load diminished by 30% with hormone replacement therapy (102.3+/-32.8 mmicro/l versus 71.4+/-20.0 mmicro/l). Total and LDL-cholesterol improved after hormone replacement therapy whereas plasma triglycerides were not altered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined hormone replacement therapy not only prevented weight-gain, but favored weight-loss by significantly increasing lipid oxidation after 3 months of treatment. It also favourably influenced the insulin response, plasma lipids and energy expenditure.
authors.affiliation: Division of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chmouliovsky
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Habicht
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golay
mesh_terms: D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D004958:Estradiol; D002784:Cholesterol; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate