title: CREB phosphorylation and melatonin biosynthesis in the rat pineal gland: involvement of cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase type II.
abstract: Phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) at amino acid serine 133 appears as an important link between the norepinephrine (NE)-induced activation of second messenger systems and the stimulation of melatonin biosynthesis. Here we investigated in the rat pineal gland: 1) the type of protein kinase that mediates CREB phosphorylation: and 2) its impact on melatonin biosynthesis. Immunochemical or immunocytochemical demonstration of serine133-phosphorylated cyclic AMP regulated element binding protein (pCREB) and radioimmunological detection of melatonin revealed that only cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitors suppressed NE-induced CREB phosphorylation and stimulation of melatonin biosynthesis, whereas inhibitors of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, protein kinase C, or calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) were ineffective. Investigations with cyclic AMP-agonist pairs that selectively activate either PKA type I or II link NE-induced CREB phosphorylation and stimulation of melatonin biosynthesis to the activation of PKA type II. Our data suggest that PKA type II plays an important role in the transcriptional control of melatonin biosynthesis in the rat pineal organ.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Anatomisches Institut II, J.W. Goethe Universität, Frankfurt, FRG.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maronde
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wicht
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taskén
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Genieser
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dehghani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olcese
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Korf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D010768:Phosphoserine; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D008550:Melatonin; D009638:Norepinephrine