title: beta-catenin regulates the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-7 in human colorectal cancer.
abstract: Most colorectal cancers have loss of function mutations in the adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene. This leads to accumulation of beta-catenin, which together with the DNA binding protein TCF-4 functions as a transcriptional activator. Recently defined target genes are c-myc and cyclin D1, linking the APC gene defect to the capacity for autonomous proliferation of colon tumors. Here we report the identification of the matrix metalloproteinase MMP-7 as another target gene of beta-catenin/TCF-4. MMP-7 is overexpressed in 80% of human colorectal cancers and known to be an important factor for early tumor growth, with a potential function also for later progression steps, like invasion and metastasis. Our results explain the high percentage of MMP-7 overexpression in colon tumors. Moreover they indicate that defects in the APC tumor suppressor gene may also have an influence on later steps of colon tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. thomas.brabletz@patho.med.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brabletz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dag
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hlubek
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirchner
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D017491:Genes, APC; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7