title: Cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
abstract: Cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is important in transmission of CMV to exposed sexual partners and neonates. We evaluated prevalence and correlates of CMV DNA shedding in cervical secretions from a large cohort of HIV-1-seropositive women. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, CMV DNA was detected in 183 (59%) cervical swab samples from 311 women. Cervical shedding of CMV DNA was significantly associated with shedding of HIV-1 DNA (odds ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.8). CMV shedding was also more frequent in women with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis infections, but these associations were not statistically significant. Cervical shedding of CMV in HIV-1-infected women is very frequent and may reflect higher risk of transmission to sexual partners and neonates than previously appreciated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mostad
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kreiss
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ryncarz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Overbaugh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandaliya
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chohan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ndinya-Achola
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bwayo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral