title: Calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid correlates with clinical and biochemical markers of periodontal disease.
abstract: Clinical and biochemical markers of periodontal disease have been used for precise objective diagnosis of periodontal inflammation. Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inflammatory factors, levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with periodontal disease are elevated and have been studied as biochemical markers. The levels of calprotectin, a leukocyte protein, in body fluids of patients with some inflammatory diseases are raised. Recently, we detected calprotectin in GCF and its concentrations in periodontal pockets were higher than those in healthy gingival crevices. In this study, we investigated the correlations between GCF calprotectin levels and clinical indicators (probing depth and bleeding on probing, BOP), and the IL-1beta or PGE2 levels in GCE Probing depth and BOP at 130 sites of 110 subjects with periodontal or other oral diseases were examined, then GCF samples were collected and their calprotectin, IL-1beta and PGE2 were determined by ELISA. The calprotectin level correlated positively with the probing depth and was significantly higher at BOP-positive than BOP-negative sites. There were significant, positive correlations between the calprotectin and IL-1beta or PGE2 concentrations. These results indicate that the calprotectin level in GCF correlates well with clinical and biochemical markers of periodontal disease and suggest that calprotectin may be useful for evaluating the extent of periodontal inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tokushima University School of Dentistry, Kuramoto, Japan. kido@dent.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000378:metabolism; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism; D010519:Periodontium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015232:Dinoprostone