title: Effect of Bcl-2 overexpression in human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer cells often develop mechanisms to resist apoptosis and the extent of such anti-apoptotic ability has been shown to parallel tumor progression in various malignancies. Among various molecules implicated in regulating apoptosis pathway, bcl-2 and its family members are best characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the effect of bcl-2-mediated anti-apoptotic ability on tumor growth and progression in prostate cancer, a cell line overexpressing bcl-2 (LNCaP/bcl-2) was established by genetically engineering a prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Tumor growth of LNCaP/bcl-2 was compared with the parental cell line in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LNCaP/bcl-2 cells show resistance to apoptosis caused by nutrient deprivation and did not arrest when cultured in serum-free or androgen-free medium, while parental LNCaP cells or LNCaP cells transfected with the vector only (LNCaP/control) underwent extensive apoptosis on nutrient deprivation and sustained growth suppression in serum-free or androgen-free medium. When injected subcutaneously into nude mice, tumors deriving from LNCaP/bcl-2 cells grew faster compared with LNCaP/control for about 3 weeks (P = 0.02), but this effect was not evident after 5 weeks. Upon castration, the control tumors regressed but LNCaP/bcl-2-derived tumors showed resistance, as was previously reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data confirm the notion that anti-apoptotic function of bcl-2 is oncogenic and confers resistance to androgen deprivation and also indicate that it may also play a critical role in earlier stages of tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakizoe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawabe
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D019254:Genes, bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2