title: Clinical analysis of breathing exercise during immersion in 38 degrees C water for obstructive and constrictive pulmonary diseases.
abstract: Breathing exercises during immersion in 38 degrees C water were performed in 22 patients with bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema and constrictive pulmonary diseases. The patients entered a pool filled with 38 degrees C water to shoulder level. While standing, they breathed in deeply and breathed out slowly through the mouth into water while sinking the nose below the water level. This breathing method was repeated for 20 min. with a 5-min. rest out of water and this cycle was performed twice a day for two months. Respiratory function test and arterial blood gas analysis were examined before and after the two-month exercise program. FEV1.0% was significantly increased in patients with asthma and emphysema (p = 0.042 and 0.032, respectively) but did not change in patients with constrictive pulmonary diseases. %FVC, PF and Vmf25 did not change in any of the diseases. PaO2 was significantly increased in emphysematous patients (p = 0.0002) and PaCO2 was significantly decreased in asthmatic and emphysematous patients (p = 0.034 and 0.046, respectively). These results suggest that our breathing exercise by immersion is useful in patients with asthma and emphysema but is less effective in patients with constrictive pulmonary diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kusatsu Branch Hospital, Gunma University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013696:Temperature