title: Effects of noradrenergic and serotonergic antidepressants on chronic low back pain intensity.
abstract: To understand the relative efficacy of noradrenergic and serotonergic antidepressants as analgesics in chronic back pain without depression, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-control head-to-head comparison of maprotiline (a norepinephrine reuptake blocker) and paroxetine (a serotonin reuptake blocker) in 103 patients with chronic low back pain. Of these 74 completed the trial; of the 29 who did not complete, 19 were withdrawn because of adverse effects. The intervention consisted of an 8-week course of maprotiline (up to 150 mg daily) or paroxetine (up to 30 mg daily) or an active placebo, diphenhydramine hydrochloride (up to 37.5 mg daily). Patients were excluded for current major depression. Reduction in pain intensity (Descriptor Differential Scale scores) was significantly greater for study completers randomized to maprotiline compared to placebo (P=0.023), and to paroxetine (P=0.013), with a reduction of pain by 45% compared to 27% on placebo and 26% on paroxetine. These results suggest that at standard dosages noradrenergic agents may provide more effective analgesia in back pain than do selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, USA. jhatkinson@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Wahlgren
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zisook
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Pruitt
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Epping-Jordan
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Garfin
mesh_terms: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008376:Maprotiline / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018579:Patient Selection; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D004155:Diphenhydramine; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008376:Maprotiline; D017374:Paroxetine; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors