title: Measurement of neovascularization is an independent prognosticator of survival in node-negative breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up.
abstract: We measured neovascularization, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-erbB-2 expression in a consecutive series of 233 surgically resected axillary lymph node-negative breast cancer patients with a long-term follow-up to define the usefulness of these parameters as independent prognostic indicators of overall survival (OAS). Microvessel count (MVC), as a measure of neovascularization, was determined using a monoclonal antibody against human factor VIII-related antigen. The median MVC of 20 (range, 4-76) was used as a cutoff value for discriminating between low and high vascularized tumors. Epidermal growth factor receptor and c-erbB-2 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Tumors were considered positive if >10% of the cells showed specific membrane staining. OAS curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The independent prognostic effect of each variable was determined with the Cox proportional hazards model. High MVC (P = 0.04), high nuclear grade (P = 0.005), and high S-phase (P = 0.02) significantly affected OAS at univariate analysis. In a Cox multivariate analysis, the characteristics with an independent prognostic effect on OAS were: MVC (relative hazard, 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-3.81; P = 0.01) and nuclear grade (relative hazard, 2.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-7.17; P = 0.01). These results demonstrate that quantification of neovascularization adds useful independent prognostic information on survival in node-negative breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Molecolare e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Placido
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carlomagno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciardiello
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Laurentiis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pepe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tortora
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Antonio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pettinato
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petrella
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bianco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis