title: Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite in Helicobacter pylori gastric ulcer.
abstract: The role of nitric oxide in ulcer formation remains unknown. Accordingly, we assessed local expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitration of tyrosine as an indicator of peroxynitrite formation in patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated gastric ulcers compared with HP-negative ulcers. Biopsy specimens were taken from the ulcer margin and from an area remote from the ulcer portion. Inducible NOS, nitrotyrosine, and macrophage immunoreactivity were assessed immunohistochemically using a labeled streptavidin-biotin method. In HP-positive gastric ulcers, inducible NOS and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity was frequently observed at active ulcer margins, sometimes in surface epithelial cells as well as in the lamina propria. Occasionally, inducible NOS and nitrotyrosine reactivity were found in areas remote from the lesion in cases of HP-positive ulcer and HP-related gastritis. Macrophages accumulated significantly in the margin of HP-positive ulcers. In HP-negative gastric ulcers, inducible NOS and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity also were frequent at the ulcer margin, but no significant immunoreactivity was observed at a distance. HP eradication caused significant attenuation in inducible NOS and macrophage immunoreactivity. In conclusion, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite formation is increased in HP-infected gastric mucosa, suggesting that HP promotes nitric oxide stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hokari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizumori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000378:metabolism; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; C039642:peroxynitric acid; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II