title: Percutaneous transjugular kidney biopsy in swine with use of a side-cutting needle with a blunt-tipped stylet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a new 19-gauge blunt-tipped, side-cutting, single throw transjugular biopsy needle for transvenous kidney biopsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transjugular transvenous kidney biopsies were performed with a modified 70-cm biopsy needle utilizing fluoroscopic guidance in nine swine. Three tissue specimens were obtained with four biopsy device passes in five animals and three biopsy device passes in four animals. Renal arteriography and venography were performed immediately before and after renal biopsy. Five animals were killed immediately after biopsy. Four animals were allowed to recover and underwent arteriography and venography prior to being killed, which varied from 1 to 6 weeks. Gross and histologic examinations of the biopsied kidney were performed after euthanasia. A pathologist reviewed all biopsy specimens for quality based on the number of glomeruli present.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of immediate and delayed arteriography and venography were normal in all cases. Histologic evaluation of all biopsy specimens demonstrated a range of two to 13 glomeruli per sample (mean, 6.5), with successful acquisition of the cortex. In one animal killed immediately after biopsy, a small subcapsular hematoma was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 19-gauge, side-cut biopsy needle with a blunt-tip stylet proved to be efficacious for obtaining renal cortical samples in right swine kidneys via a transjugular approach.
authors.affiliation: Dotter Interventional Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lakin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pavcnik
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Corless
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Timmermans
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D007601:Jugular Veins; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D010690:Phlebography; D011677:Punctures; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013552:Swine