title: Molecular mechanisms of androgen-independent growth of human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells.
abstract: The goal of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms of androgen-independent growth in prostate cancer. We have established an androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma LNCaP-AI (defined as a LNCaP cell line that is capable of growing in charcoal-stripped serum) from the androgen-dependent LNCaP-FGC cells. In contrast to the androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, LNCaP-AI cells still express a similar level of androgen receptor as their parental cells and are sensitive to androgen stimulation. Compared with the parental LNCaP-FGC cells, LNCaP-AI cells are more resistant to apoptosis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and express a much higher level of antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, which may confer an enhanced antiapoptosis phenotype. On the other hand, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16 is significantly reduced in the LNCaP-AI cells, implying the release of an inhibitory effect of p16 on cell cycle progression. Taken together, our results suggest that multiple factors contribute to the development of androgen-independent growth of prostatic carcinoma cells, including enhancement of cell antiapoptosis function, release of cell cycle inhibition, and stimulation of cell proliferation by alternative signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate