title: Mechanisms of intranasal steroids in the management of upper respiratory allergic diseases.
abstract: Intranasal steroids have proved to be the most effective class of drugs in reducing the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This clinical response reflects the broad anti-inflammatory activity that has been demonstrated for corticosteroids. Single doses of topical corticosteroids administered before nasal allergen challenge block the late-phase reaction, whereas repeated dosing with intranasal steroids blocks both the early and the late response, as well as the priming phenomenon. Nasal inflammation is accomplished through a number of effector cells and mechanisms, which in turn are produced by director cells through the release of cytokines and chemokines. The anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids is largely effected through blocking the synthesis and release of these cytokines/chemokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, and the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones