title: Analysis of lifestyle data and cytologic findings in a pilot cervical screening project in rural Vietnam.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the possibilities of a cervical cytology screening program and the importance of lifestyle parameters in women living in rural Vietnam.
  
  
  METHODS
  Screening took place in Quangninh province in the north of Vietnam. From 700 women screened for the first time, smears were prepared and read by a cytotechnologist. The number of children and abortions (some women having had 10 abortions) allowed us to study the relationship of these life-style parameters with disturbed vaginal ecology (defined as the presence of Candida, trichomonads or cocci in the smear).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The smears from farmers showed the greatest ecologic disturbances in vaginal flora. Water supply turned out to be important for coccoid overgrowth. Scores for both fungal infection and coccoid overgrowth were related to profession. Candidosis proved to be very prominent in cytologically negative smears: the organisms were found (often in abundance) in 95 of 661 negative smears but were absent from cytologically positive smears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since only two cases of CIN 3 were found and no cases of invasive carcinoma, cervical screening for cancer ought not to be the first priority for rural Vietnam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. weall@lcpl.nl
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Boon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwinghammer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Veen
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D012423:Rural Health; D012424:Rural Population; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply