title: The tyrosine kinase negative regulator c-Cbl as a RING-type, E2-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase.
abstract: Ubiquitination of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases (RPTKs) terminates signaling by marking active receptors for degradation. c-Cbl, an adapter protein for RPTKs, positively regulates RPTK ubiquitination in a manner dependent on its variant SRC homology 2 (SH2) and RING finger domains. Ubiquitin-protein ligases (or E3s) are the components of ubiquitination pathways that recognize target substrates and promote their ligation to ubiquitin. The c-Cbl protein acted as an E3 that can recognize tyrosine-phosphorylated substrates, such as the activated platelet-derived growth factor receptor, through its SH2 domain and that recruits and allosterically activates an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme through its RING domain. These results reveal an SH2-containing protein that functions as a ubiquitin-protein ligase and thus provide a distinct mechanism for substrate targeting in the ubiquitin system.
authors.affiliation: The Salk Institute, Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Joazeiro
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Leverson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; C063109:ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC4; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D008025:Ligases; C067419:CBL protein, human