title: Apatite cement containing antibiotics: efficacy in treating experimental osteomyelitis.
abstract: Osteomyelitis is generally treated by the systemic administration of antibiotics and continuous irrigation after curettage of the lesion, and bone graft is performed secondarily to treat any bone defect. This treatment is associated with major invasion, and also has adverse effects on other organs. If a superior bone filling material were to be developed that allowed high concentrations of antibiotics that acted only locally, and allowed bone formation at the same time, an ideal method of treating osteomyelitis would become available. We created an implant composed of calcium phosphate cement, gentamicin, and poly-L-lactic acid. The results of sustained-release testing in vivo and in vitro demonstrated the release of effective antibiotic concentrations over a 2-month period. Further, when an experimental model of osteomyelitis was produced in rabbits and the implant was inserted after bone marrow curettage, the implant proved effective in preventing the progression of osteomyelitis and in achieving local bone formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000601:surgery; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D003475:Curettage; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D013977:Tibia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001031:Apatites; D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005839:Gentamicins; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous