title: The cytotoxicity and mode of action of 2,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles and related derivatives in human Tmolt4 leukemia cells.
abstract: 4-Carbethoxy-1-methyl-2-phenacyl-3-phenylpyrrole (9), 4-carbethoxy-2-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole (10) and 2-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-3,4-bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole (11) proved to be potent cytotoxic agents against the growth of murine and human leukemias and lymphomas. Selective toxicity was demonstrated against the growth of solid tumors, e.g., human adenocarcinoma of the colon SW480 and ileum HCT-8, glioma U-87-MG, and rat UMR-106 osteosarcoma. A mode of action study in Tmolt4 leukemia cells demonstrated that the agents inhibited de novo purine synthesis at the regulatory sites PRPP-amido transferase, IMP dehydrogenase as well as dihydrofolate reductase resulting in significant inhibition of DNA synthesis in 60 min. Other biochemical sites which were affected significantly were thymidylate synthetase, DNA polymerase alpha, RNA polymerases, nucleoside kinase and ribonucleoside reductase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Ashville, USA.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Gupton
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Burham
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Krumpe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shuford
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winkle
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D007939:Leukemia L1210 / Q000188:drug therapy; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000188:drug therapy; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011758:Pyrroles; C116875:lukianol A