title: [Is vocational integration in the competitive labor market a realistic goal for the chronically mentally ill?].
abstract: A wide range of sheltered jobs has been created in the second or special labour market with the aim of enabling the chronically mentally ill to participate in working life. However, having a job in the special labour market often precludes the chance of obtain-ing employment in the competitive labour market. To date, vocational integration programs enable only a small number of persons with psychiatric disabilities to attain reintegration into competitive employment. The predictors of successful vocational integration are subsequently discussed. A substantial increase in both sheltered and competitive jobs on the common labour market could be achieved for mentally ill and disabled people by adapting the "supported employment" model, as widely practised in the USA, to European labour market standards and appropriately funding its implementation. The utilisation of this model could serve to reduce the necessity of further expansion in the special labour market.
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste, Bern. hoffmann@spk.unibe.ch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D016743:Mental Competency; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational / Q000639:trends*; D013557:Switzerland; D014829:Vocational Education / Q000639:trends*