title: Peroneus quartus muscle: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: The peroneus quartus is a supernumerary muscle of the lateral compartment of the lower leg. There are several variations of this accessory muscle, and its terminology is very confusing. The peroneus quartus is found with a frequency varying from 10 to 21.7% of observed individuals. It is rarely involved in pathologic processes of the foot and ankle. Only a few reports exist in the literature involving peroneus quartus in a "retromalleolar conflict" (lateral ankle stenosis), sometimes in association with longitudinal attrition and tears of the peroneus brevis. We present a novel case, together with a review of the clinical, anatomic, and radiologic references about this muscle, and we try to make order in classification and terminology of its different forms.
authors.affiliation: Departement d'Orthopedie et Traumatologie, Association Hospitaliere Etterbeek-Ixelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trono
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tueche
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Libotte
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baillon
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D009139:Musculoskeletal Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery