title: Urodynamic pattern in asymptomatic infants: siblings of children with vesicoureteral reflux.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the urodynamic pattern in asymptomatic infants who are siblings of children with vesicoureteral reflux.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cystometry and perineal electromyography were performed with voiding cystourethrography in 16 male and 21 female infant siblings screened for reflux at age 0.2 to 7.3 months (median 1.1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vesicoureteral reflux was present in 25% of the male and 10% of the female infants. In those without vesicoureteral reflux unstable bladder contractions were noted in 8% of the male and 16% of the female subjects. In these infants median maximum voiding detrusor pressure was 127 (range 84 to 211) and 72 cm. water (range 42 to 240), respectively, and median bladder capacity was 20 ml. (range 10 to 49 and 10 to 120, respectively). Maximum voiding detrusor pressure was significantly higher in male than in female infants (p <0.01). Perineal electromyography was interpretable in 13 of the 16 male and 16 of the 21 female infants overall. All but 1 female subject had increased activity during voiding, which was also present intermittently in all subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study of asymptomatic siblings of children with vesicoureteral reflux has provided results that may be used as reference data for normal urodynamics in early infancy. Instability was rare. Bladder capacity was lower than expected with a predicted capacity at birth of approximately 20 ml. Maximum voiding pressure was high, especially in male subjects. The urodynamic voiding pattern suggests physiological dyscoordination, probably due to immature detrusor-sphincter function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Radiology, Sahlgren's University Hospital-Ostra, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachelard
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sillén
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hermansson
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jodal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobsson
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014563:Urodynamics; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*