title: Overrepresentation of the Fcgamma receptor type IIA R131/R131 genotype in caucasoid systemic lupus erythematosus patients with autoantibodies to C1q and glomerulonephritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that there is an association between the Fcgamma receptor type IIA (FcgammaRIIA)-H/R131 polymorphism and autoantibodies to the collagenous region (CLR) of C1q in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-five Caucasoid lupus patients were studied. Anti-C1q(CLR) antibodies in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and FcgammaRIIA genotype analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Immunoglobulin subclass of the autoantibodies was measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six patients were anti-C1q antibody positive, and Ig subclass analysis indicated a predominance of IgG2 anti-C1q antibodies. Analysis of the SLE population as a whole revealed no significant difference in the allele frequencies of R131 and H131 compared with controls. There was, however, a significantly increased frequency of the R131 allele both in the anti-C1q-positive subgroup of patients (chi2 = 7.66, P<0.01) and in the 71 patients with nephritis (chi2 = 7.76, P< 0.01), compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FcgammaRIIA-R131 constitutes a heritable susceptibility factor for the development of SLE with manifestations in the kidney in Caucasoid patients. The close associations demonstrated between this FcgammaRII variant, antibodies to C1q(CLR), and glomerulonephritis may be due to a failure of clearance of the potentially pathogenic IgG2 autoantibody.
authors.affiliation: Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Norsworthy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Theodoridis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Athanassiou
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beynon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Isenberg
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Walport
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015922:Complement C1q / Q000276:immunology*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000145:classification; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D015922:Complement C1q