title: Dissociation of vascular tolerance and plasma norepinephrine adjustment during long-term nitrate therapy in human coronary arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether changes in plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentration contribute to the development of nitrate tolerance in human coronary arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with stable angina were randomized to receiving nitrate (isosorbide dinitrate: ISDN or nitroglycerin: TNG) infusion for 30 minutes (group A), 48 hours (group B), or 78 hours (group C). Coronary diameters were measured angiographically at baseline (CT), during maximum dilation by ISDN (N1), at the end of nitrate infusion (N2) and after additional ISDN (1 mg) injection (N3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In groups A and B, N1, N2, and N3 were greater than CT, and there was no significant difference between N1, N2, and N3 for each group. In group C, N1 and N3 were greater than CT, but there was no difference between CT and N2, in the development of nitrate tolerance. In group A, NE increased significantly during nitrate infusion (304+/-163 vs. 418+/-273 pg/ml). NE did not change in groups B and C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The change in NE concentration is not a primary contribution to the development of nitrate tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Fukuoka.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urabe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; D009638:Norepinephrine