title: Development of human prostate cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cells by interleukin-1.
abstract: Growth and development of some prostate epithelial cells are androgen-dependent. Non-androgenic hormones and growth factors may also influence prostate cells and the effect of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) has been investigated with an androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Exposure of LNCaP cells to IL-1beta at picomole ranges resulted in a dose-dependent and progressive differentiation to neuroendocrine-like cells evidenced by dendrite formation and the development of specific neuroendocrine cell markers. Quantification by computer-based image analysis after immunostaining revealed a two-fold increase of chromogranin A in 90% of the cells and a ten-fold increase in the remaining 10%. Additionally, serotonin was developed in all the cells with the staining intensity increased by five-fold. Significant increase in cytokeratin 8 and reduction of prostate specific antigen was also noted. Proliferation was reduced in parallel to the cellular development. The IL-1beta effect was irreversible after several days of IL-1beta incubation. IL-1beta is produced constitutively and its secreted level has an inversed relation during the exponential and plateau phases of cell growth. An IL-1 autocrine regulation in the growth and differentiation of prostate cells is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chiao
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sklarew
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kancherla
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003712:Dendrites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007633:Keratins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen