title: Fibronectin upregulates gelatinase B (MMP-9) and induces coordinated expression of gelatinase A (MMP-2) and its activator MT1-MMP (MMP-14) by human T lymphocyte cell lines. A process repressed through RAS/MAP kinase signaling pathways.
abstract: T-lymphocyte migration into tissues requires focal degradation of the basement membrane. In this study, we show that transient adherence to fibronectin induces the production of activated forms of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9, as well as downregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) by T-cell lines. MMP-2 activation was likely achieved by inducing a coordinated expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-14), a major activator of MMP-2. Blocking monoclonal antibodies against alpha4, alpha5, and alphav integrins strongly reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 production induced by fibronectin. Disrupting actin cytoskeleton organization by cytochalasin D strongly enhanced fibronectin-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Inhibiting Src tyrosine kinases with herbimycin A reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 production with no effect on cell attachment. By contrast, G-protein inhibition by pertussis toxin, or transfection with a dominant negative mutant of Ha-Ras strongly increased fibronectin-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9. Inhibition of PI3 kinase, MAPkinase (MEK1), or p38 MAPkinase by wortmannin, PD 98059, or SB 202190, respectively, strongly promoted fibronectin-induced MMP2 and MMP-9. Cells at high density lost their ability to synthesize MMP-2 and MMP-9 in response to fibronectin and MMP expression was restored by transfection with a dominant-negative mutant of Ha-Ras or by treatment with wortmannin, PD 98059, or SB 202190. Our findings suggest that adhesion to fibronectin transduces both stimulatory (through Src-type tyrosin kinases) and inhibitory signals (through Ras/MAPKinase signaling pathways) for MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression by T lymphocytes and that their relative predominance is regulated by additional stimuli related to cell adhesion, motility, and growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS (Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Esparza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vilardell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vives
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbano-Márquez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yagüe
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cid
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D016227:Benzoquinones; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D011905:Genes, ras; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D016023:Integrins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011809:Quinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077191:Wortmannin; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016227:Benzoquinones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005353:Fibronectins; D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D016023:Integrins; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D011809:Quinones; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D017828:Rifabutin; C020754:herbimycin; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); C090942:4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D000077191:Wortmannin