title: Effects of four herbal extracts on adjuvant-induced inflammation and hyperalgesia in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of four herbal medicine extracts on a rat model of inflammatory hyperalgesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammation was induced by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into one hindpaw of each rat. Four herbs that are routinely prescribed in Traditional Chinese Medicine for treatment of pain were used: Duhuo (Radix Angelicae Pubescentis), Bai jiang cao (Patriniae Herba cum Radice), Yan hu suo (Rhizoma Corydalis) and Sanqui (Panax Notoginseng). The crude water extracts of the herbs were inected intraperitoneally following a repeated treatment profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thermal hyperalgesia was assessed by testing each rat's paw withdrawal response to a noxious thermal stimulus. The magnitude of edema was determined by measuring the maximal thickness of the paw with a caliper. The effect of herb extracts on motor performance was assessed by using an accelerating rotarod test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Duhuo, Bai jiang cao, and Yan hu suo significantly attenuated CFA-induced hyperalgesia at 2 hours and facilitated the recovery from hyperalgesia (p < 0.05), when compared to saline-treated rats. The CFA-induced edema was reduced by Duhuo at 24 hours, 72 hours and 168 hours; Bai jiang cao at 24 hours, and Yan hu suo at 24 hours and 168 hours. Sanqi did not produce any significant effect on inflammation and hyperalgesia. The rotarod performance was slightly reduced by Bai jiang cao, Yan hu suo, and Sanqi (p < 0.05) but not by Duhuo treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study identified Duhuo as a selective and effective herbal agent in attenuating persistent hindpaw inflammation and hyperalgesia in rats. These results indicate that some herbal agents may provide an alternative approach to the treatment of persistant inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dubner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006930:Hyperalgesia; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant