title: Plasma concentrations of glutathione S-transferase isoenzyme are raised in patients with intestinal ischaemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mortality rate associated with acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) remains high. Diagnosis is frequently confounded by the non-specific history and physical signs, in conjunction with the absence of a reliable biological assay. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is an enzyme with a crucial role in cellular homoeostasis, the alpha isoenzyme of which is highly specific to small bowel and liver. This study assessed alphaGST as a marker for AMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with acute abdominal pain were enrolled. Each patient manifested a diagnostic dilemma, with a potential diagnosis of AMI. Plasma was reserved for alphaGST assay during routine blood testing and stored at -20 degrees C for analysis. A final diagnosis was made by autopsy, laparotomy, a definitive other investigation or a return to full health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve patients had AMI. Plasma alphaGST was significantly increased in patients with AMI (P < 0.0001). Although pH differed and other biochemical changes occurred, only alphaGST accurately predicted AMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A threshold of 4 ng/ml for alphaGST was 100 per cent sensitive and 86 per cent specific for AMI. If these observations can be confirmed, evaluation of alphaGST may reliably predict the presence or absence of AMI.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Professorial Unit, Mater Misericordiae Hospital and UniversityCollege Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Gorey
mesh_terms: D000006:Abdomen, Acute / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005982:Glutathione Transferase