Antiviral effects of 28-deacetylsendanin on herpes simplex virus-1 replication.
The compound purified from the fruit of Melia azedarach exerted an antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in Vero cells. It was identified as 28-deacetylsendanin (28-DAS). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 28-DAS was 1.46 microg/ml without cytotoxicity at 400 microg/ml on Vero cells. Electron microscopy showed that low electron-dense cores of newly synthesized nucleocapsids remained in swollen nuclei and no extracellular virus particles were observed at 15 h p.i. Consistent with this result, it was confirmed by a plaque assay that few infectious progeny viruses were released from the 28-DAS-treated virus-infected cells at 24 h p.i. Intracellular viruses in 28-DAS-treated virus-infected cells were 23% of untreated and infected cells. The synthesis of thymidine kinase (TK) was reduced by 28-DAS at early stage. In conclusion, 28-DAS inhibited the replication of HSV-1, reduced the synthesis of HSV-1 TK, and led to the formation of defective nucleocapsids.
Kim
M
M
Department of Microbiology and Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea.
Kim
S K
SK
Park
B N
BN
Lee
K H
KH
Min
G H
GH
Seoh
J Y
JY
Park
C G
CG
Hwang
E S
ES
Cha
C Y
CY
Kook
Y H
YH
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D036701:Limonins; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D014709:Vero Cells; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
C119444:28-deacetylsendanin; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005663:Furans; D036701:Limonins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014764:Viral Proteins