title: Long-term performance monitoring for a permeable reactive barrier at the U.S. Coast Guard Support Center, Elizabeth City, North Carolina.
abstract: A continuous hanging iron wall was installed in June, 1996, at the U. S. Coast Guard (USCG) Support Center near Elizabeth City, NC, United States, to treat overlapping plumes of chromate and chlorinated solvent compounds. The wall was emplaced using a continuous trenching machine whereby native soil and aquifer sediment was removed and the iron simultaneously emplaced in one continuous excavation and fill operation. To date, there have been seven rounds (November 1996, March 1997, June 1997, September 1997, December 1997, March 1998, and June 1998) of performance monitoring of the wall. At this time, this is the only full-scale continuous 'hanging' wall installed as a permeable reactive barrier to remediate both chlorinated solvent compounds and chromate in groundwater. Performance monitoring entails the following: sampling of 10-5 cm PVC compliance wells and 15 multi-level samplers for the following constituents: TCE, cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), vinyl chloride, ethane, ethene, acetylene, methane, major anions, metals, Cr(VI), Fe(II), total sulfides, dissolved H(2), Eh, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, alkalinity, and turbidity. Electrical conductivity profiles have been conducted using a Geoprobe to verify emplacement of the continuous wall as designed and to locate upgradient and downgradient wall interfaces for coring purposes. Coring has been conducted in November, 1996, in June and September, 1997, and March, 1998, to evaluate the rate of corrosion on the iron surfaces, precipitate buildup (particularly at the upgradient interface), and permeability changes due to wall emplacement. In addition to several continuous vertical cores, angled cores through the 0.6-m thick wall have been collected to capture upgradient and downgradient wall interfaces along approximate horizontal flow paths for mineralogic analyses.
authors.affiliation: National Risk Management Research Laboratory, USEPA Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, Ada, OK, USA. puls.robert@epa.gov
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Puls
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Blowes
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gillham
mesh_terms: D003343:Corrosion; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005618:Fresh Water; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis*; D008889:Military Personnel; D009657:North Carolina; D010539:Permeability; D012212:Rheology; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D012997:Solvents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007501:Iron