More on the relation between division and multiplication in simple arithmetic: evidence for mediation of division solutions via multiplication.
Adults (N = 32) solved simple multiplication (e.g., 8 x 7) and corresponding division problems (e.g., 56/8). Self-reports of solution processes were given by half of the participants. Latency patterns and error rates were closely related across operations and were similar in self-report and no-report conditions. Solution of division problems, however, facilitated solution of multiplication problems more than the reverse. On large division problems, participants reported that they "recast" problems as multiplication (e.g., 56/8 as 8 x = 56). These results support the hypothesis that multiplication and division are stored in separate mental representations but that solution of difficult division problems sometimes involves access to multiplication.
LeFevre
J A
JA
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jo-anne_lefevre@carleton.ca
Morris
J
J
D000328:Adult; D001245:Association Learning; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008568:Memory; D011340:Problem Solving; D012033:Refractory Period, Psychological; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012650:Self Disclosure