title: The prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in patients undergoing aortic reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery disease occurs frequently in patients undergoing aortic reconstruction, and it has been presumed that internal carotid artery occlusive disease is also common. This has led to the practice of screening for and repairing significant carotid lesions in asymptomatic patients prior to aortic reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine the true prevalence of internal carotid artery disease in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 240 patients who underwent duplex ultrasound screening for carotid artery disease prior to aortic reconstruction were reviewed. Surgery was performed for aortic aneurysm (AA) or aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AO). The prevalence of hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease was similar between the two groups, but tobacco use, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus differed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal carotid artery stenosis > or = 50% occurred in 26.7% of the total group (64 of 240 cases). Stenosis > or = 50% was more common in the AO group (40 of 101 cases, 39.6%) than the AA group (24 of 139 cases, 17.3%, P = 0.0001). Severe disease (70% to 99%) was also more common in the AO group than the AA group (9.9% versus 3.6%, P = 0.0464).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Internal carotid artery disease occurs commonly in patients undergoing aortic reconstruction, and screening is worthwhile. Significant disease is more common in patients with aorto-iliac occlusive disease than in those with aortic aneurysm, although atherosclerotic risk factors occur with varying frequency in the two groups. These findings suggest that additional factors may contribute to the higher prevalence of internal carotid artery stenosis in aorto-iliac occlusive disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cahan
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Killewich
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kolodner
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lilly
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Flinn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex