title: A disease severity scale for systemic sclerosis: development and testing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and test a severity scale for individual organ involvements in systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma).
  
  
  METHODS
  An international study group completed the following tasks: (1) developed a glossary of terms including all pertinent variables for 9 potentially affected organ systems; (2) collected prospective data to determine the feasibility and practicality of each proposed variable; (3) revised the initial list of variables; (4) determined the association of each variable with mortality (a proxy for morbidity) using 579 patients in an existing comprehensive longitudinal scleroderma databank; (5) developed a severity grading scale for each organ system by discussion and consensus; and (6) externally validated the scale using an independent group of 680 patients from the same databank.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine organ-specific severity scales were developed from 0 (no documented involvement) to 4 (endstage disease). The data required for scale completion are relatively easy and practical for all physicians to obtain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary severity scale will be useful for assessing disease severity status in individual patients both at one point in time and longitudinally. The severity scale will assist in the design and conduct of clinical trials and the comparison of study populations with one another. The scale will serve as a framework for developing a scleroderma disease activity index.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Medsger
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Silman
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Steen
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akesson
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jablonska
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Jayson
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krieg
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Maddison
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Schachter
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Wollheim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zacharaie
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate