title: Acute motor axonal neuropathy and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy share a common immunological profile.
abstract: Griffin and colleagues (Griffin JW, Li CY, Ho TW, Tian M, Gao CY, Xue P, Mishu B, Cornblath DR, Macko C, McKhann GM, Asbury AK. Pathology of motor-sensory axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 1996;39:17-28 [4]) proposed that acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) are part of the spectrum of a single type of immune attack on the axon. In contrast, IgG anti-GM1 antibody is associated closely with AMAN, but whether other IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies are associated with this neuropathy is not clear. We investigated whether IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies can be used as immunological markers to differentiate AMAN from acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) and whether these autoantibodies are present in AMSAN. The frequencies of anti-GM1, anti-GM1b, and anti-GD1a IgG antibodies in 21 AMAN patients were significantly higher than in 19 AIDP patients. Anti-GM1b and anti-GD1a IgG, as well as anti-GM1 IgG antibodies, therefore are immunological markers for AMAN. The patients with AMSAN had anti-GM1, anti-GM1b, and anti-GD1a IgG antibodies, indicative that AMAN and AMSAN share a common immunological profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan. yuki@dokkyomed.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000276:immunology; D020275:Guillain-Barre Syndrome / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001323:Autoantibodies; D005732:Gangliosides; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C021298:ganglioside, GD1a; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; C029624:ganglioside M1b