title: [Prognostic significance of cell-cycle regulatory proteins for outcome after primary radiochemotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary radiochemotherapy is gaining increasing importance for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. However, there is a lack of clinical factors concerning prognostic information in relation to treatment. In this pilot study, we examined whether molecular factors can provide such information.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression patterns and their possible prognostic relevance of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21(WAF/CIP1), Rb, p16(INK4A), CDK4 and Cyclin D1, MIB1 (Ki-67) and BCL-2 were analysed in pretreatment tumor biopsies from 43 patients with advanced carcinomas of the oropharynx (n = 26), hypopharynx (n = 10) and larynx (n = 7) by applying immunohistochemistry to paraffin sections of tumor specimens. All patients were treated by the same method of an accelerated "concomitant boost" radiochemotherapy with carboplatin in a phase II study. Median followup time was 56 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No correlation was found between any of the markers and the remission rate, T-stage, N-stage, rate of loco-regional recurrences and distant metastases. However, independent of the tumor stage, patients with CDK4/cyclin-D1 overexpressing tumors had a significantly shortened overall survival (P = 0.014 and 0.026, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this pilot study indicate that CDK4 and cyclin D1 over-expression provide useful prognostic information about clinical outcome after primary radiochemotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-HNO-Klinik, Heidelberg.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klein-Kühne
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nollert
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rudat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conradt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D016190:Carboplatin