title: Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy and change of biliary manometry patterns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) is used to remove bile duct stones. This work aims to evaluate the clinical usefulness of PTCSL and the reversibility of the terminal bile duct dysfunctions after PTCSL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients who underwent PTCSL using mechanical and/or electrohydraulic lithotripsy over the past 10 years (20 patients with common bile duct stones and 10 with intrahepatic bile duct stones) were evaluated. Terminal bile ductal pressure was measured using the percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) tube prior to and after lithotripsy by means of variable-load cholangiomanometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete stone extraction was possible in 26 patients (86.7%). The other 4 patients had intrahepatic stones. Complications included 2 cases of hemobilia, one of pneumonia, and 3 of localized peritonitis. Of 26 patients without residual stones, only 4 patients had a linear pressure flow (P-F) pattern which indicates normal biliary tract function prior to lithotripsy. In 17 of 22 patients with other type P-F patterns, however, these types also changed to a linear pattern after complete removal of stones. The P-F pattern of the other 5 patients remained unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTCSL is a safe and efficient method treating biliary tract lesions while preserving the function of the sphincter of Oddi. The terminal biliary tract function normalized after stone removal. Thus, PTCSL was useful for patients with complicated bile duct stones not accessible to endoscopic retrograde management.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Masato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muto
mesh_terms: D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D042882:Gallstones / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods; D008365:Manometry; D011312:Pressure