title: A randomised dose-comparison trial of granisetron in preventing emesis in children with leukaemia receiving emetogenic chemotherapy.
abstract: This randomised study was performed to assess the anti-emetic efficacy and tolerability of two-dose regimens of granisetron in children with leukaemia. 49 children with leukaemia were treated with three consecutive courses of high-dose methotrexate or cytarabine regimen. During the first course, patients were evaluated regarding the emetogenicity of each regimen. They were randomised in a crossover manner to receive 20 or 40 micrograms/kg of granisetron before the second and third course of chemotherapy. Neither emesis nor severe appetite loss were observed in over 80% of patients within the first 24 h in all treatment groups. There was no significant difference in the anti-emetic efficacy between the two-dose regimens of granisetron. However, complete protection was achieved less frequently on days 2 and 3. Older children and girls appeared to be less well protected. No adverse events attributable to granisetron were observed. Granisetron dose regimens of 20 and 40 micrograms/kg are, comparably, well tolerated and effective in controlling chemotherapy-induced emesis in the first 24 h, though this protection fails thereafter, particularly in older patients and girls.
authors.affiliation: Tokai Paediatric Oncology Study Group, Mie, Japan. komada@clin.medic.mieu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hongo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horibe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D017829:Granisetron; D008727:Methotrexate