title: Membrane stabilizing effects of calcium and taxol during the cold storage of isolated rat hepatocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium plays an important role in liver preservation and preservation induces depletion of cellular Ca. This may affect hepatocyte cytoskeleton integrity necessary for maintaining cell shape and organ viability. We tested the effects of a microtubular stabilizer (Taxol) in liver cell preservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated rat hepatocytes were preincubated with or without a microtubule stabilizing agent, 100 microM Taxol, at 37 degrees C for 20 min, then stored in the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution +/-1.5 mM CaC12 at 4 degrees C for up to 48 hr. After storage, the cells were rewarmed in Krebs-Henseleit buffer with air at 37 degrees C for 1 hr. Morphological changes in the plasma membrane (scanning electron microscopy) and cell viability (percentage of lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] release) before and after rewarming were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hepatocytes showed time-dependent increase in bleb formation (cytoskeleton disruption) during cold storage. Rewarming the cells caused even greater bleb formation and increased LDH release (cell death). Pretreatment of cells with Taxol and cold storage in the UW solution with 1.5 mM Ca suppressed both bleb formation and LDH release in 48-hr coldstored cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cold storage of hepatocytes leads to reperfusion injury and cell death. This can be suppressed with Taxol and Ca. This suggests that hypothermia induces changes in cellular Ca and a disruption of the microtubules, leading to loss of cell viability. Improved liver preservation may require suppression of Ca-dependent disruption of the cytoskeleton system of liver cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Southard
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine; D000493:Allopurinol; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005978:Glutathione; D007328:Insulin; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D017239:Paclitaxel; D011887:Raffinose; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014021:Tissue Preservation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D007328:Insulin; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; D000493:Allopurinol; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002118:Calcium