title: 3-Formyl-1-butyl pyrophosphate A novel mycobacterial metabolite-activating human gammadelta T cells.
abstract: Most human blood gammadelta T cells react without major histocompatibility complex restriction to small phosphorylated nonpeptide antigens (phosphoantigens) that are abundantly produced by mycobacteria and several other microbial pathogens. Although isopentenyl pyrophosphate has been identified as a mycobacterial antigen for gammadelta T cells, the structure of several other stimulating compounds with bioactivities around 1000-fold higher than isopentenyl pyrophosphate remains to be elucidated. This paper describes the structural identification of 3-formyl-1-butyl-pyrophosphate as the core of several non-prenyl mycobacterial phosphoantigens bioactive at the nM range. Recognition of this molecule by gammadelta T cells is very selective and relies on its aldehyde and pyrophosphate groups. This novel pyrophosphorylated aldehyde most probably corresponds to a metabolic intermediate of the non-mevalonate pathway of prenyl phosphate biosynthesis in eubacteria and algae. The reactivity to 3-formyl-1-butyl-pyrophosphate supports the view that human gammadelta T cells are physiologically devoted to antimicrobial surveillance.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U395, CHU Purpan, BP3028, 31024 Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belmant
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poupot
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peyrat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guiraud
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Poquet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonneville
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fournié
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009161:Mycobacterium; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: C400749:3-formyl-1-butyl pyrophosphate; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta