Multiple signalling pathways exist in the stress-triggered regulation of gene expression for catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes and several neuropeptides in the rat adrenal medulla.
A critical component of the response to stress is the coincident activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathoadrenal system - comprised of sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medullae. The sympathoadrenal system produces the catecholamines - noradrenaline and adrenaline, and several neuropeptides, involved in the homeostatic mechanisms that govern the adaptation to stress. This brief survey aims to provide a general overview of the present knowledge about the impact of stress on neurotransmitter gene expression in the adrenal medulla, with particular attention paid to the apparent heterogeneity in stress-evoked signals and regulatory pathways.
Nankova
B B
BB
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Sabban
E L
EL
D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*
D002395:Catecholamines; D009479:Neuropeptides