title: Primary melanoma of the esophagus: radiologic and clinical findings in six patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical and radiologic findings of primary melanoma of the esophagus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computer search of pathology, radiology, and cancer registry records from 1973 to 1998 revealed six patients with primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus whose radiographs were available for review. Six esophagograms, three contrast material-enhanced chest computed tomographic (CT) scans, and four chest radiographs were reviewed. Medical records were reviewed for presenting symptoms and clinical course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients (age range, 63-78 years; mean age, 70 years) had histopathologically proved primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. All patients presented with dysphagia or odynophagia of 6 weeks duration or less. Esophagography and chest CT showed polypoid, nonobstructing esophageal masses, which were mucosal (n = 5) or submucosal (n = 1) and which were located in the middle (n = 3), distal (n = 2), or proximal (n = 1) third of the esophagus. Five patients underwent esophagogastrectomy: Three died a mean of 5 months afterward, two were lost to follow-up, and one was alive 7 months later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary melanoma of the esophagus is rare. It is usually polypoid, intraluminal, and nonobstructive. As with other esophageal malignancies, the prognosis is dismal despite resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. gollubm@mskcc.org
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gollub
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Prowda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed