O'nyong-nyong fever in south-central Uganda, 1996-1997: clinical features and validation of a clinical case definition for surveillance purposes.
O'nyong-nyong (ONN) fever, caused by infection with a mosquito-borne central African alphavirus, is an acute, nonfatal illness characterized by polyarthralgia. During 1996-1997, south-central Uganda experienced the second ONN fever epidemic ever recognized. Among 391 persons interviewed and sampled, 40 cases of confirmed and 21 of presumptive, well-characterized acute, recent, or previous ONN fever were identified through active case-finding efforts or during a household serosurvey and by the application of clinical and laboratory criteria. Among confirmed cases, the knees and ankles were the joints most commonly affected. The median duration of arthralgia was 6 days (range, 2-21 days) and of immobilization was 4 days (range, 1-14 days). In the majority, generalized skin rash was reported, and nearly half had lymphadenopathy, mainly of the cervical region. Viremia was documented in 16 cases, primarily during the first 3 days of illness, and in some of these, body temperature was normal. During this epidemic, the combination of fever, arthralgia, and lymphadenopathy had a specificity of 83% and a sensitivity of 61% in the identification of cases of ONN fever and thus could be useful for surveillance purposes.
Kiwanuka
N
N
Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
Sanders
E J
EJ
Rwaguma
E B
EB
Kawamata
J
J
Ssengooba
F P
FP
Najjemba
R
R
Were
W A
WA
Lamunu
M
M
Bagambisa
G
G
Burkot
T R
TR
Dunster
L
L
Lutwama
J J
JJ
Martin
D A
DA
Cropp
C B
CB
Karabatsos
N
N
Lanciotti
R S
RS
Tsai
T F
TF
Campbell
G L
GL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M