title: Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by zinc group metal compounds.
abstract: Thirty-seven metal compounds were examined for inhibitory activities against infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Zinc group metal compounds, namely, zinc acetate, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, cadmium acetate and mercury chloride, showed anti-HIV-1 activities. Cadmium and mercury compounds at 1-10 microg/ml and zinc compounds at 100 microg/ml strongly inhibited HIV-1 infection, although the cadmium, mercury and zinc compounds had severe cytotoxities at 100, 100 and 1000 microg/ml, respectively. They inhibited transcription of HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 production at concentrations at which they did not affect the growth of HIV-1-producing cells. They had little effect on syncytium formation resulting from cocultivation of uninfected with HIV-1-producing cells. Nor did they affect HIV-1 DNA synthesis following HIV-1 infection. The metal compounds may owe their anti-HIV-1 effects to inhibition of HIV-1 DNA to RNA transcription, rather than inhibition of the adsorption, penetration or reverse transcription step of HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Virology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haraguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Anner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoshino
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000502:physiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology*; D017669:Mercury Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D004279:DNA, Viral; D017669:Mercury Compounds; D017967:Zinc Compounds