title: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation is required for up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by serum starvation in human colon carcinoma cells.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor important for colon cancer neovascularization. In previous studies, serum starvation led to induction of VEGF in human colon carcinoma cells. We investigated the possible participation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in serum starvation induction of VEGF in the HT29 human colon carcinoma cell line. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erks) 1 and 2 were activated after 3-6 h of serum starvation. Using transient transfection of VEGF promoter-reporter constructs, serum starvation led to an increase in VEGF promoter activity. An inhibitor of phosphorylation of Erk-1/2 blocked the increase of VEGF expression and promoter activity induced by serum starvation. Serum starvation activates several mitogen-activated protein kinases, but activation of Erk-1/2 is critical for the up-regulation of VEGF mRNA in colon carcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Y D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Gallick
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D008222:Lymphokines; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one