title: Curative external beam radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma: results in 231 patients treated in Lyon.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radical prostatectomy and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are the mainstays of treatment of prostate cancer with curative intent. The possible development of radiation proctitis and rectal bleeding are major concerns when using EBRT. Recently, conformal radiotherapy has been introduced in an attempt to improve the results of EBRT. This paper presents an overview of the Lyon experience using standard EBRT with doses of 68 Gy, and reports the preliminary results of a study of conformal radiotherapy with dose escalation.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1981 to 1995, EBRT was used to treat 231 patients with localized adenocarcinomas of the prostate. The dose of EBRT was 68 Gy/34 fractions/7 weeks using a four-field box technique with 18-MeV photons. A feasibility study of conformal radiotherapy was commenced in 1996. To date, 145 patients have been treated with doses escalating from 68 to 80 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the EBRT group of 231 patients, the 5-year overall survival was 80.3%. Anorectal function was scored as excellent in 90% of patients. Rectal bleeding was seen in 14.3% of patients and required local treatment in only seven. In the group treated with conformal radiotherapy, the preliminary results indicate good early tolerance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The curative treatment of patients with prostate cancer using EBRT gives good long-term survival with low rectal toxicity. Conformal radiotherapy appears to be an interesting approach to improve local control and perhaps survival.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiothérapie-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, France.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrie
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romestaing
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pommier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mornex
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clippe
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sentenac
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ginestet
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D011349:Proctitis / Q000209:etiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012007:Rectum / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D012074:Remission Induction; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome