title: Dexamethasone inhibition of leucocyte adhesion to rat mesenteric postcapillary venules: role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and KC.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A previous study showed that the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, at doses of 100 microg/kg and above, inhibited leucocyte adhesion to rat mesenteric postcapillary venules activated with interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), as assessed by videomicroscopy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify whether the adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), or the chemokine KC could be targeted by the steroid to mediate its antiadhesive effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat mesenteries were treated with IL-1beta (20 ng intraperitoneally) and the extent of leucocyte adhesion measured at two and four hours using intravital microscopy. Rats were treated with dexamethasone, and passively immunised against ICAM-1 or KC. Endogenous expression of these two mediators was validated by immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and the injection of specific radiolabelled antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dexamethasone greatly reduced IL-1beta induced leucocyte adhesion, endothelial expression of ICAM-1 in the postcapillary venule, and release of the mast cell derived chemokine KC. Injection of specific antibodies to the latter mediators was also extremely effective in downregulating (>80%) IL-1beta induced leucocyte adhesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Induction by IL-1beta of endogenous ICAM-1 and KC contributes to leucocyte adhesion to inflamed mesenteric vessels. Without excluding other possible mediators, these data clearly show that dexamethasone interferes with ICAM-1 expression and KC release from mast cells, resulting in suppression of leucocyte accumulation in the bowel wall, which is a prominent feature of several gastrointestinal pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tailor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Panés
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Flower
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perretti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008642:Mesenteric Veins; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014699:Venules
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006133:Growth Substances; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D003907:Dexamethasone