title: Long-term follow-up of reoperative carotid surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined our long-term results of carotid reoperation to identify risk factors for morbidity and secondary recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical record review revealed 27 patients had reoperative surgery for recurrent stenosis. Demographics, operative details, pathology, clinical outcome, and follow-up imaging results were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No neurologic deficits and no mortalities were noted perioperatively. Long-term follow-up (average 54 months) revealed an 85% 5-year and 29% 10-year estimated survival. The 5- and 10-year estimated neurologic event rates were 15% and 35%, respectively. These included 3 ipsilateral strokes and 1 ipsilateral TIA; only the TIA involved secondary restenosis. Follow-up imaging revealed a 21% incidence of secondary restenosis, occurring more frequently in patients with hyperlipidemia (P < 0.05) and previous contralateral endarterectomy (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Reoperation provides long-term protection from stroke due to recurrent stenosis. (2) Secondary restenosis rates appear higher than those for primary surgery. (3) Hyperlipidemia and contralateral endarterectomy are risk factors for secondary restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Dillavou
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Carabasi
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Smullens
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: DiMuzio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors