[Reflex benign myoclonic epilepsy of childhood. Apropos of a new case].
BACKGROUND
Recently a series of cases has been reported characterized by myoclonic crises similar to those occurring in benign myoclonic epilepsy of childhood. However, these crises only occurred after unexpected tactile or auditory stimuli. These clinical conditions represent a new epileptic syndrome, which is age-dependent and has been called benign myoclonic epilepsy of childhood.


METHODS
We present the case of a 12 month old girl with myoclonic crises which occurred only after auditory or tactile stimuli. The myoclonia could be set off whilst awake or asleep. No other types of crises or neurological changes were seen. A brother of the patient had had febrile convulsions. The EEG recorded during the crises showed generalized brief spike-and-wave discharges at 3 cycles/second. The intercritical EEG was normal whilst awake, but during sleep showed brief generalized discharges. After treatment with valproate was started the crises became less frequent.


CONCLUSIONS
The case we describe is similar to those described by Ricci et al in 1995. We, therefore, consider it to fit the concept of reflex myoclonic epilepsy of childhood of benign character. We consider that this condition should be differentiated from other reflex epilepsies and epileptic syndromes with a predominance of myoclonia, including benign myoclonic epilepsy of childhood.
Fernández-Lorente
J
J
Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España. jfernandez@hrc.insalud.es
Pastor
J
J
Carbonell
J
J
Aparicio-Meix
J M
JM
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004831:Epilepsies, Myoclonic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000235:genetics; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D014110:Touch