Experimental infection of specific pathogen-free New Zealand White rabbits with five strains of amyxomatous myxoma virus.
Myxomatosis is a specific disease of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) due to a virus belonging to the genus Leporipoxvirus. Forty-seven years after its deliberate introduction into Europe, the clinical aspects and the epizootiology of myxomatosis have changed. Two forms (nodular and amyxomatous) of the disease have been identified to date. A comparative study was made of the clinical signs, pathogenesis and gross lesions observed in male specific pathogen-free New Zealand White rabbits inoculated with five strains of amyxomatous myxoma virus. All five strains induced the characteristic amyxomatous myxomatosis clinical syndrome with clinical signs that differed only in intensity. The varying clinical intensity, together with the results of virological examination question the virulence of at least three of the five strains. Genomic analysis confirmed that the five strains came from the Lausanne strain introduced in 1952 in France and not from an unnoticed introduction of a Californian strain of myxoma virus. No link was found between the amyxomatous myxoma virus strains and the SG33 vaccine strain. 1999 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.
Marlier
D
D
Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Liège, Bld de Colonster 20, Bat B42, Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgique.
Cassart
D
D
Boucraut-Baralon
C
C
Coignoul
F
F
Vindevogel
H
H
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009233:Myxoma virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D009234:Myxomatosis, Infectious / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011817:Rabbits; D013045:Species Specificity; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014774:Virulence
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral