title: Asymmetric leg activity in healthy subjects during walking, detected by electrogoniometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To show asymmetric leg activity during walking in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two electrogoniometers were used to measure the amplitude of the flexion-extension movements of both knees during walking.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Walking is considered to be a symmetrical activity. Quantitative studies of walking often only consider one side of the body or remove differences between individuals by averaging results.
  
  
  METHODS
  The handedness, lateral eye dominance and footedness of 31 healthy subjects were determined. A strain gauge electrogoniometer was then fitted to the outside of each knee to analyze the flexion-extension movements. The results were recorded automatically. The subject walked a distance of 30 m three times, with different attention levels: free walking (with no other task assigned), walking with attention diverted (whilst performing a mental task), and focused walking (walking as straight as possible in a straight line).
  
  
  RESULTS
  51.6% of the subjects tested displayed asymmetry of the total flexion-extension movement of more than 5 degrees between the two knees during free walking. The side favored (preponderance) by this asymmetry was not related to the handedness or other lateral dominance. The different attention levels did not significantly affect the characteristics of motion of the sub-groups studied (symmetric, right-favoring and left-favoring).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The origin of this asymmetry, which is independent of handedness or attention level, could be the spinal stepping generator for which there is evidence in both animals and humans. Walking should not be considered to be a strictly symmetrical phenomenon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The demonstration of asymmetric leg activity during walking may lead to a better understanding of the way in which walking controlled. The presence of such asymmetry is normal, and it should be borne in mind during explorations of walking in both healthy and pathologic individuals.
authors.affiliation: University of Nancy, Institut Régional de Réadaptation 35, Rue Lionnois, 54042, Nancy Cedex, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maupas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paysant
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: André
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*