title: Prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: During an 8-year period, 32 consecutive patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis were diagnosed to have cerebral hemorrhage. The outcome was determined using the activity of daily life (ADL) at 6 months after hemorrhage. The overall mortality was 64%. Of the 12 surviving patients, no one made a good recovery (back to normality), 5 recovered to ADL grade II, 4 to grade III, 1 to grade IV, and 2 to grade V. Up to 91% of the patients had a history of hypertension. On admission, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was 15 in 8 cases, 8-14 in 10, and below 8 in 14. The poor prognostic factors showing statistical significance included a poor admission GCS, age above 65 years, and blood sugar level of more than 200 mg/dl. Other factors which apparently were not related to the outcome included sex, history of stroke, acute myocardial infarction, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, the locations of hemorrhage, the duration of hemodialysis, treatment modality (surgery vs non-surgery), and the laboratory data (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, platelet count, hemoglobin, prothromin time, and partial thromboplastin time). This study confirmed a poor prognosis for hemodialysis patients with cerebral hemorrhage. More attention should be paid to the control of blood sugar in this group to improve the outcome of cerebral hemorrhage in hemodialysis patients, especially in elderly patients with poor admission GCS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Howng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose