title: Perfusion of kidneys with unformulated "naked" intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides prevents ischemic/reperfusion injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously shown that phosphorothioate intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (oligo) IP-9125 blocks the expression of rat ICAM-1 mRNA in rat L2 cells. A single ex situ perfusion of grafts with unformulated IP-9125, suspended in Euro-Collins solution, prolonged the survival of kidney allografts in rats. The present experiments examined whether perfusion of kidneys with unformulated IP-9125 prevents ischemic/reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kidneys were perfused ex situ with 2 ml of Euro-Collins solution without or with IP-9125 and exposed to 30-min cold (4 degrees C storage time) and 30-min warm (anastomosis time) ischemia. Kidneys were then transplanted to syngeneic nephrectomized recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within 24 hr after transplantation, the glomerular filtration rate values were reduced by almost 60% to 0.49+/-0.14 ml/min from 1.20+/-0.27 ml/min in normal kidneys (P<0.001). Kidney perfusion with 10 mg of either IP-12140 (0.41+/-0.07 ml/min) or IP-13944 (0.47+/-0.07 ml/min) control oligo was ineffective. In contrast, perfusion with 10 mg of IP-9125 significantly improved kidney function (0.8+/-0.18 ml/min; P<0.005), whereas the lower doses of 2 mg (0.47+/-0.13 ml/min; NS) or 4 mg (0.54+/-0.04 ml/min; NS) had no significant effect. The glomerular filtration rate results were confirmed by measurements of blood creatinine (CR) levels at 24 hr after grafting: untreated recipients had a twofold higher CR value (0.70+/-0.14 mg/dl) compared with normal controls (0.65+/-0.07 mg/dl; P<0.001). Although perfusion with 10 mg of control IP-12140 (0.80+/-0.14 mg/dl) or IP-13944 (0.65+/-0.07 mg/dl) did not affect CR levels, perfusion with 10 mg of IP-9125 (0.45+/-0.07 mg/dl) lowered CR levels. The Western blots or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction experiments performed in kidney transplants within 24 hr after grafting showed that 10 mg of IP-9125 (but not control IP-12140) reduced the expression of ICAM-1 protein and ICAM-1 mRNA, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perfusion of grafts with unformulated ICAM-1 antisense oligo specifically reduces intragraft ICAM-1 protein expression and prevents ischemic/reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dragun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stecker
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kahan
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Stepkowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D011915:Rats, Inbred BUF; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1