title: International surveillance of blood stream infections due to Candida species in the European SENTRY Program: species distribution and antifungal susceptibility including the investigational triazole and echinocandin agents. SENTRY Participant Group (Europe).
abstract: The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, an international study of blood stream infections (BSIs), detected 170 episodes of candidemia in 20 European medical centers (13 nations) between January and December, 1997. Twenty-three percent of the candidal BSI occurred in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit, 21% in patients in an internal medicine service, 13% in patients in a surgical service, and 9% in patients in an oncology service. Overall, 53% of the BSI were attributable to Candida albicans followed in prevalence by C. parapsilosis (21%), C. glabrata (12%), C. tropicalis (6%), C. famata (2%), C. krusei (1%), and C. inconspicua (1%). As observed previously in Canada and Latin America, C. parapsilosis and not C. glabrata, was the most common non-albicans species causing yeast BSI in Europe. The proportion of these candidemias attributable to C. albicans varied widely from 0-100% among the 20 European centers. Among the different species of Candida, resistance to fluconazole (MIC, > or = 64 micrograms/mL) and itraconazole (MIC, > or = 1.0 microgram/mL) was observed with C. glabrata and C. krusei and was observed more rarely among other species (e.g., C. inconspicua). Isolates of C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. guilliermondii were all highly susceptible to both fluconazole and itraconazole. Furthermore, the investigational triazoles (BMS-207147, Sch 56592, and voriconazole) and an echinocandin (MK-0991) all demonstrated potent in vitro activity (MIC90s, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 micrograms/mL, respectively) against these isolates. Continued surveillance at an international level will be important to monitor trends in species distribution and antifungal susceptibility among invasive strains of Candida.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfaller
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Doern
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fluit
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Houston
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coffman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hollis
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D016469:Fungemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D014230:Triazoles