title: Radiosensitization of human tumor cell lines induced by the adenovirus-mediated expression of an anti-Ras single-chain antibody fragment.
abstract: The expression of activated ras genes has been implicated as a contributing factor to the radioresistance of tumor cells. As a strategy for compromising Ras protein activity and potentially enhancing the radiosensitivity of tumor cells, we have investigated the application of the AV1Y28 adenovirus, which expresses a single-chain antibody fragment directed against p21 Ras proteins. The ability of AV1Y28 transduction to modulate radioresponse was investigated using four human tumor cell lines--U251 glioblastoma, MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic carcinoma, and the colon carcinomas SW620 and HT29. Cultures were exposed to sufficient levels of AV1Y28 to transduce more than 90% of the cells; 24 h later, cultures were exposed to ionizing radiation, and clonogenic cell survival was determined. Tumor cell survival was reduced by 40-50% when the tumor cell lines were exposed to AV1Y28 only. In addition, for each tumor cell line, AV1Y28 exposure enhanced the level of radiation-induced cell killing. Dose enhancement factors at a surviving fraction of 0.1 ranged from 1.3 to 1.5. Furthermore, for each of the cell lines, the surviving fraction at 2 Gy was significantly reduced by AV1Y28 exposure. In contrast to the results seen in tumor cells, the radiosensitivity of a normal human fibroblast cell line was not affected by AV1Y28. These data indicate that this anti-Ras adenovirus enhances the radiosensitivity of tumor cells but does not affect the radiosensitivity of normal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janicot
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chada
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Tofilon
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C055966:immunoglobulin Fv; D018631:ras Proteins