title: Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles in Duane syndrome with globe retraction in primary position.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Duane syndrome is characterized by abduction deficiency, narrowing of the palpebral fissure on adduction, and globe retraction,which can be the most prominent aspect of the motility disorder. Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles was investigated for treatment of severe globe retraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients with Duane syndrome were operated on for severe globe retraction. The medial rectus muscles were recessed from between 5.5 to 6.5 mm and the lateral rectus muscles 7.0 to 9.0 mm simultaneously. The recessions were asymmetric, as evidenced by amount of esotropia and face turn. Preoperative Hertel measurements were made in primary gaze, 30-degree left gaze, and 30-degree right gaze. The measurements were repeated at 6 months and 1 year after the operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three patients had improvement in globe retraction. The 6-month Hertel readings in primary position were improved by a mean of 3.0 mm (range 2.5 to 3.5 mm) measured in primary gaze. Hertel measurements were stable at 1 year after the operation. No complications were encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles is effective in the treatment of significant globe retraction in Duane syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, USA.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Sprunger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004370:Duane Retraction Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005123:Eye / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011184:Postoperative Period