title: Nicotine-induced hyperlocomotion is not modified by the estrous cycle, ovariectomy and estradiol replacement at physiological level.
abstract: The present study was designed to investigate whether nicotine's effect on locomotion might be modulated by the ovarian hormone at physiological level. Rats at normal cycling of estrus and diestrus were selected for the comparison of nicotine-induced hyperlocomotion based on the document that the release of striatal dopamine was greatest at the estrous phase. Ovariectomized rats primed with or without estrogen at physiological level were also selected for comparison. Increase in spontaneous locomotion by nicotine was statistically significant at the doses of 0.15 and 0.3 mg/kg (p < 0.001). The stimulating effect of nicotine led the locomotor response to almost the same magnitude in all hormonal groups studied. Nicotine-induced hyperlocomotion appeared to be mediated by central nicotinic receptor because it was blocked by mecamylamine (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.). Also it was blocked by haloperidol (0.04 and 0.08 mg/kg, i.p.) indicating the involvement of dopaminergic neurotransmission. These effects were similar in all groups regardless of the estrous cycle or ovariectomy. The observed data provided behavioral evidence to suggest that the effect of nicotine on locomotion-related dopaminergic neurons might not be modified by the physiological action of estrogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Chung-Shan Medical and Dental College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Duh
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004971:Estrus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D004958:Estradiol; D008464:Mecamylamine; D009538:Nicotine; D006220:Haloperidol