title: Screening for fetal aneuploidies and fetal cardiac abnormalities by nuchal translucency thickness measurement at 10-14 weeks of gestation as part of routine antenatal care in an unselected population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate first trimester pregnancy screening for fetal aneuploidy and congenital heart defects by maternal age and nuchal translucency measurement and screening for fetal aneuploidies and congenital heart defects by ultrasound in an unselected population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetal medicine unit, St George's Hospital, London.
  
  
  METHODS
  4523 consecutive viable fetuses at 10-14 weeks with a crown-rump length between 38 and 80 mm were scanned transabdominally (93%) or transvaginally (7%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Screening was performed by calculating the background risk from maternal age, gestational age and obstetric history, which was then adjusted with the nuchal translucency measurement in relation to crown-rump length (adjusted risk).
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements of crown-rump length and nuchal translucency thickness. An adjusted risk of > 1:270 was considered as a positive screening test. Pregnancy outcome was obtained through karyotyping, outcome questionnaires and examination of the newborn infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean maternal age was 29-4 years and mean gestational age 12.2 weeks. Screening was positive in 230/4523 fetuses (5.1%), when the adjusted risk (mean 1:2649) was > 1:270. Fetal karyotype was abnormal in 23 (0.51%) cases, including twelve with trisomy 21, five trisomy 18, one trisomy 13, one trisomy 10, one monosomy X and two triploidies. For a false positive rate of 4.7%, the sensitivity of this test was 78% in detecting any fetal aneuploidy. Only one out of nine major congenital heart defects in this population was found within the 110 euploid fetuses with increased nuchal translucency thickness (> 2.5 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening for fetal aneuploidy by maternal age and nuchal translucency measurement can be effective in an unselected population. However, our results do not support its effectiveness in the detection of cardiac abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwärzler
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Senat
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masroor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ville
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000782:Aneuploidy; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods