title: Maternal viral load and vertical transmission of HIV-1 in mid-trimester gestation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is now accepted that the majority of HIV-1 vertical transmissions occur in late gestation and at the time of delivery. However, there is wide variation in the prevalence rate of mid-trimester vertical transmission. We assessed the maternal HIV-1 RNA viral load and in utero transmission during mid-trimester gestation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were enrolled when they decided to have their pregnancies terminated between 17 and 24 weeks of gestation. Prostaglandin-induced abortion with PGE1 analogue vaginal administration was carried out in all patients. Maternal plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load and plasma HIV-1 RNA (qualitative) from abortus heart blood were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amongst 41 HIV-1 seropositive pregnant women not receiving antiretroviral therapy plasma HIV-1 RNA was detected in the abortus heart blood from two women (4.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.6-16.5). Transmission occurred in one out of nine (11.1%; 95% CI, 0.3-48.2) with maternal viral load > or =100000 copies/ml versus one out of 32 (3.1%; 95% CI, 0.1-16.2) of those with <100000 copies/ml (P = 0.39).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of HIV-1 vertical transmission during mid-trimester was approximately 5% as detected by plasma HIV-1 RNA (qualitative) method in the fetuses aborted from the prostaglandin termination of pregnancy. During mid-trimester gestation there was no correlation between high maternal viral load and vertical transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Phuapradit
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panburana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaovisidha
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vichitphun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kongsin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chantratita
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhodhiphala
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pairoj
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D019562:Viral Load