The 3C syndrome: evolution of the phenotype and growth hormone deficiency.
The 3C syndrome (cranio-cerebello-cardiac dysplasia or the Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome) is a recently delineated condition involving abnormalities of the cranium (large head with prominent forehead), cerebellum (Dandy-Walker cyst and vermis hypoplasia), and cardiac (primarily septal) defects. At least 20 individuals with this condition have been reported in the past 11 years. We report on a girl with the 3C syndrome who at 13 years of age is the oldest patient reported to date. She has been followed since birth, allowing us to show the evolution of her phenotype over time. In addition, she has documented growth hormone deficiency. We suggest that growth hormone deficiency should be considered as a possible cause of the short stature often seen in this condition.
Wheeler
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PG
Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Floating Hospital for Children at New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. Patricia.Wheeler@es.nemc.org
Sadeghi-Nejad
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A
Elias
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ER
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D003616:Dandy-Walker Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010641:Phenotype; D013577:Syndrome
D013006:Growth Hormone