F(2)-isoprostanes: sensitive and specific non-invasive indices of lipid peroxidation in vivo.
Isoprostanes are members of a complex family of lipids, isomers of the conventional enzymatically derived prostaglandins (PG), which are produced in vivo primarily, if not exclusively, by a free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the work has been focused upon a group of isomers of the enzyme-derived PGF(2alpha), called F(2)-isoprostanes (F(2)-iPs). Because of their mechanism of formation, chemical stability and the rapid development of sensitive methods for their measurement, they have the attraction as non-invasive indices of oxidant stress in vivo. Altered generation of F(2)-iPs has been reported in a variety of clinical settings putatively associated with oxidant stress. These include atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the measurement of specific F(2)-iPs may provide a sensitive biochemical basis for rational dose-selection of natural and synthetic inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Although F(2)-iPs possess biological activities in vitro and in vivo, much remains to be learned about their role and as mediators of the cellular effects of lipid peroxidation and oxidant stress.
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The Center for Experimental Therapeutics, 905 Stellar-Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6100, USA. domenico@spirit.gcrc.upenn.edu
D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress
D015415:Biomarkers; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015237:Dinoprost