title: Transdermal and transmucosal powdered drug delivery.
abstract: High-velocity powder injection is a promising new drug-delivery technique that provides needle- and pain-free delivery of traditional drugs, drugs from biotechnology such as proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides as well as traditional and genetic vaccines. The energy of a transient helium gas jet accelerates fine drug particles of 20 microns-100 microns diameter to high velocities and delivers them into skin or mucosal sites. This review describes the configuration and operating principles of devices that accelerate the particles, the required properties of the particles, the characteristics of the target tissues, and features of the developmental test methods. Preclinical and clinical results that best characterize the technology and introduce its potential as a drug-delivery platform are presented.
authors.affiliation: PowderJect Technologies Inc., Fremont, CA 94555, USA.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Burkoth
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bellhouse
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hewson
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Longridge
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Muddle
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Sarphie
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D006371:Helium / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007277:Injections, Jet / Q000295:instrumentation; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D011208:Powders; D006371:Helium