title: Dietary carbohydrates and insulin sensitivity.
abstract: This review considers recent findings and ideas on the impact of dietary carbohydrates on insulin sensitivity in the context of the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We assess the evidence for benefits in insulin sensitivity following high starch as distinct from high sucrose intakes when the diet is low in fat. We consider relationships between obesity, leptin and carbohydrate intake. We conclude that reducing the rate of carbohydrate digestion in the small bowel may be the key stage at which to intervene to reduce insulinaemia and so prevent downregulation of insulin receptors and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. john.mathers@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mathers
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Daly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D020738:Leptin; D013213:Starch