title: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of two doses of metrifonate in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: the MALT study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metrifonate is a long-lasting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor being developed for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the efficacy, tolerability and safety of two doses of metrifonate in patients with mild-to-moderate AD, over a 26-week treatment period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred and five patients were randomized to placebo (n=208), a 40/50 mg dose (40 or 50 mg by weight; n=200) or a 60/80 mg dose (60 or 80 mg by weight; n=197) metrifonate. Patients randomized to receive metrifonate were administered a once-daily loading dose of 80 or 120 mg based on weight for 2 weeks, followed by the relevant maintenance dose for 24 weeks. Four main clinical domains of AD were assessed: cognition (ADAS-cog and MMSE), psychiatric and behavioural symptoms (ADAS-noncog and NPI), instrumental and basic activities of daily living (DAD) and global functioning (CIBIC-plus, CIBIS-plus and GDS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADAS-cog performance was significantly improved in the 60/80 mg and 40/50 mg dose groups, compared with placebo, in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. In addition, statistically significant treatment differences were demonstrated between the 60/80 mg dose group and placebo on MMSE, ADAS-noncog, the NPI subitems of hallucinations and apathy, DAD, CIBIC-plus, CIBIS-plus and the GDS. The performance of the 40/50 mg dose group was also significantly superior to placebo on the CIBIS-plus and the NPI subitem aberrant motor behaviour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metrifonate significantly improved a wide range of symptoms across all four clinical domains of AD in a dose-dependent manner, and was safe and well tolerated at both doses studied.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. b.dubois@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McKeith
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Orgogozo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meulien
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D014236:Trichlorfon