title: Detection of nonthermal melting by ultrafast X-ray diffraction.
abstract: Using ultrafast, time-resolved, 1.54 angstrom x-ray diffraction, thermal and ultrafast nonthermal melting of germanium, involving passage through nonequilibrium extreme states of matter, was observed. Such ultrafast, optical-pump, x-ray diffraction probe measurements provide a way to study many other transient processes in physics, chemistry, and biology, including direct observation of the atomic motion by which many solid-state processes and chemical and biochemical reactions take place.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Nonlinear Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0339, USA. csiders@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Siders
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavalleri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sokolowski-Tinten
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kammler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horn von Hoegen
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von der Linde
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Barty
mesh_terms: D001671:Biochemistry / Q000379:methods; D003460:Crystallization; D005857:Germanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D007834:Lasers; D013696:Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D005857:Germanium