title: Protein 2A of grapevine fanleaf nepovirus is implicated in RNA2 replication and colocalizes to the replication site.
abstract: RNA2 of grapevine fanleaf virus is replicated in trans by the RNA1-encoded replication machinery. Full processing of the RNA2-encoded polyprotein P2 yields protein 2A of unknown function, the movement protein 2B(MP), and the coat protein 2C(CP). Analysis of a set of deletion mutants in the P2-coding sequence revealed that protein 2A is necessary but not sufficient for RNA2 replication. In addition to the 5' and 3' noncoding sequences and the 2A-coding sequence, an additional sequence coding for 2B(MP) and/or 2C(CP) or the green fluorescent protein (GFP) is necessary for RNA2 replication. When 2A fused to GFP (2AGFP) was transiently expressed in uninfected T-BY2 protoplasts, 2AGFP appeared as punctate structures evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. However, in cells cotransfected with grapevine fanleaf virus RNAs and the 2AGFP construct, 2AGFP was predominantly found in a juxtanuclear location along with 1D(pro) and 1C(VPg), two RNA1-encoded proteins involved in RNA replication. Viral RNA replication as traced by 5-bromouridine 5' triphosphate (BrUTP) incorporation into newly synthesized RNA occurred at the same location. This colocalization is consistent with the hypothesis that 2A enables RNA2 replication through its association with the replication complex assembled from RNA1-encoded proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg, 67084, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaire
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stussi-Garaud
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pinck
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ritzenthaler
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017860:Nepovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019685:Rosales / Q000821:virology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C400561:protein 2A, nepovirus; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins