title: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy complicating pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: A 31-year-old man who presented with smear- and culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis had associated macroscopic hematuria, elevation of serum creatinine and immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels, overt proteinuria, and peripheral edema. Renal biopsy revealed focal mesangial proliferation with IgA deposits, and a diagnosis of IgA nephropathy was made. The patient received treatment with isoniazide and rifampin. After 4 months, pulmonary lesions were almost completely healed, and a significant improvement of creatinine clearance with normalization of serum creatinine and IgA levels and disappearance of proteinuria were observed. Treatment with isoniazide and rifampin was discontinued after 6 months, without reappearance of either pulmonary or renal symptoms. Two years after the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy, the patient is in good general condition. Serum creatinine and IgA levels are normal, proteinuria is absent, and there is neither macrohematuria nor microhematuria. These findings suggest that IgA nephropathy may be a consequence of tuberculosis, possibly due to an abnormal IgA-mediated immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with formation of nephrotoxic immune complexes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Andrea Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Siati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paroli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Muda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barnaba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D003404:Creatinine; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin