title: Collective dose estimates by the marine food pathway from liquid radioactive wastes dumped in the Sea of Japan.
abstract: IAEA-MEL has been engaged in an assessment programme related to radioactive waste dumping by the former USSR and other countries in the western North Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas. This paper focuses on the Sea of Japan and on estimation of collective doses from liquid radioactive wastes. The results from the Japanese-Korean-Russian joint expeditions are summarized, and collective doses for the Japanese population by the marine food pathway are estimated from liquid radioactive wastes dumped in the Sea of Japan and compared with those from global fallout and natural radionuclides. The collective effective dose equivalents by the annual intake of marine products caught in each year show a maximum a few years after the disposals. The total dose from all radionuclides reaches a maximum of 0.8 man Sv in 1990. Approximately 90% of the dose derives from 137Cs, most of which is due to consumption of fish. The total dose from liquid radioactive wastes is approximately 5% of that from global fallout, the contribution of which is below 0.1% of that of natural 210Po.
authors.affiliation: Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Monte Carlo, Monaco. togawa@monaco.iaea.org
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Povinec
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007723:Korea; D009688:Nuclear Reactors; D009689:Nuclear Warfare; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012426:Russia; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014878:Water Pollution, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D011868:Radioisotopes; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive