title: Rapid preconcentration method for the determination of azadirachtin-A and -B, nimbin and salannin in neem oil samples by using graphitised carbon solid phase extraction.
abstract: A simple and rapid method involving solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of azadirachtin-A and -B, nimbin and salannin at nanogram levels in neem oil samples is presented. The neem oil samples are defatted and the compounds of interest extracted by mixing the sample with hexane and passing the hexane solution through a graphitised carbon black column. After washing the column with 2 ml of hexane, azadirachtin-A and -B, nimbin and salannin are eluted with 5 ml of acetonitrile and quantified using HPLC with UV detection. The recoveries of azadirachtin-A and -B, nimbin and salannin in fortified oil samples were 97.4-104.7%. The upper limit of quantification is up to 100 micrograms ml-1 without any additional clean-up and with little interference from lipids during the analysis by HPLC. The method was successfully applied to various neem oil samples collected from different locations in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Chemistry, Fredrick Institute of Plant Protection and Toxicology, Padappai, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000032:analysis; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis; D005989:Glycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000737:chemistry*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D000077222:Limonene; D036701:Limonins; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005989:Glycerides; D007302:Insect Repellents; D007306:Insecticides; D036701:Limonins; D013729:Terpenes; D014315:Triterpenes; C002443:neem oil; C105836:salannin; D000077222:Limonene; C008621:nimbin; C010329:azadirachtin