title: Circumferential cervical surgery for spondylostenosis with kyphosis in two patients with athetoid cerebral palsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with athetoid cerebral palsy may develop severe degenerative changes in the cervical spine decades earlier than their normal counterparts due to abnormal cervical motion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients, 48 and 52 years of age, presented with moderate to severe myelopathy (Nurick Grades IV and V). MR and 3-dimensional CT studies demonstrated severe spondylostenosis with kyphosis in both patients. This necessitated multilevel anterior corpectomy with fusion (C2-C7, C3-C7) using fibula and iliac crest autograft and Orion plating, followed by posterior wiring, fusion using Songer cables, and halo placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, both patients improved, demonstrating only mild or mild to moderate (Nurick Grades II and III) residual myelopathy. Although both fused posteriorly within 3.5 months, the patient with the fibula graft developed a fracture of the anterior C7 body with mild anterior graft migration, and inferior plate extrusion into the C7-T1 interspace. However, because he has remained asymptomatic for 9 months postoperatively, without dysphagia, removal of the plate has not yet been necessary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with athetoid cerebral palsy should undergo early prospective cervical evaluations looking for impending cord compromise. When surgery is indicated, circumferential surgery offers the maximal degree of cord decompression and stabilization with the highest rate of fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, USA.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D001264:Athetosis / Q000150:complications*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications*; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000473:pathology; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013128:Spinal Osteophytosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome