title: Laparoscopic transureteroureterostomy: demonstration of its feasibility in swine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic transureteroureterostomy (TUU) in a porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine female pigs had bilateral ureteral stents placed 3 weeks prior to surgery. At surgery, a left-to-right laparoscopic TUU was performed. Ureteral stents were placed across the anastomosis in seven cases. Six weeks after surgery, the stents were removed. After an additional 3 weeks, an excretory urogram, retrograde ureteropyelogram, and ureteroscopic examination of the anastomosis were performed. Serum creatinine assay and urine cultures were performed at regular intervals. Antibiotic prophylaxis was used for 1 week after each procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the nine animals, eight underwent successful laparoscopic TUU. Excretory urograms revealed prompt function and washout in all these cases. One animal developed an anastomotic stricture; in this animal, the ureters had remained nondilated after initial stent placement. Serum creatinine values remained within the normal range for all animals undergoing successful surgery. Additional complications included one urinary tract infection and one postoperative ileus, which were treated without difficulty. The operative time ranged from 2.5 to 6 hours, with shorter procedures later in the series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic TUU is practical in the porcine model. It may prove to be an alternative to an open TUU in patients with lower ureteral lesions when ureteroneocystostomy is not feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Dechet
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Segura
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D010535:Laparoscopy; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000379:methods*