title: Cue exposure treatment for smoking relapse prevention: a controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In an additive design, test the efficacy of cue exposure treatment for smoking relapse prevention as an adjunct to current standard cognitive behavioral and pharmacological treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient behavioral medicine clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-nine cigarette smokers recruited through newspaper advertisements.
  
  
  METHODS
  After receiving an initial counseling session for cessation and setting a quit day, 129 smokers were randomly assigned to one of four relapse prevention treatment conditions: (1) brief cognitive behavioral; (2) cognitive behavioral and nicorette gum; (3) cognitive behavioral and cue exposure; and (4) cognitive behavioral and cue exposure with nicorette gum. All smokers met individually with their counselor for six RP sessions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven-day, point-prevalence abstinence rates (CO verified) taken at 1, 3, 6 and 12-months post-treatment and time to first slip.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All manipulation checks and process measures suggested that the treatments were delivered as intended. There were no significant differences between conditions in point-prevalence abstinence rates or in time to first slip.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results call into question the utility of cue exposure treatment for smoking relapse prevention.
authors.affiliation: Miriam Hospital, Center for Behavioral & Preventive Medicine, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niaura
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shadel
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rohsenow
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Monti
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sirota
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention