title: Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in the plasma of patients with gastric carcinoma. A possible marker for serosal invasion and metastasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expression of the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in tumor tissue from patients with gastric carcinoma has been reported to be related to disease progression. However, to the authors' knowledge the clinical significance of plasma TIMP-1 concentrations in these patients has not been clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of TIMP-1 protein were examined by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay in plasma samples from 149 patients who underwent resection of their primary tumors and from 18 patients with nonresected or recurrent disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 149 patients whose primary tumors were resected, plasma TIMP-1 concentration was associated significantly with a variety of pathologic factors including macroscopic type, depth of invasion, lymph node and peritoneal metastases, vessel invasion, pattern of tumor infiltration into surround ing tissue, and disease stage. Plasma TIMP-1 concentration was significantly higher in patients with serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, or liver metastasis than in those without these factors. Neither carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) nor CA 19-9 concentrations appeared to be related to these measures of disease progression. In the 18 patients with nonresected or recurrent disease, TIMP-1, CEA, and CA 19-9 were similarly sensitive in predicting peritoneal, liver, and lymph node metastases. The combination of these three factors was able to detect 73.3% of patients with peritoneal metastasis, 83.3% of patients with liver metastasis, and 88.9% of patients with disease recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with gastric carcinoma, plasma concentration of TIMP-1 appears to correlate with both serosal invasion and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: The Third Department of Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsuburaya
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sairenji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Motohashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yanoma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1