title: Effects of neonatal seizures on subsequent seizure-induced brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although seizures are very common in neonates and are often the harbinger of poor neurologic outcome, there is controversy regarding the degree of brain damage induced by seizures during early development. Here, we evaluated the effect of neonatal seizures on subsequent brain injury induced by status epilepticus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five seizures were induced by the inhalant flurothyl in neonatal rats during the first 5 days of life. Flurothyl reliably produced generalized seizures with concomitant electroencephalographic changes and a low mortality rate. During adolescence or early adulthood, animals were subjected to status epilepticus using either kainic acid or perforant path stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although flurothyl-induced neonatal seizures did not cause cell death, animals that had neonatal seizures had significantly more severe brain injury after both kainic acid and perforant path stimulation than did animals without a history of neonatal seizures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal seizures increase the susceptibility of the developing brain to subsequent seizure-induced injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Stafstrom
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D003292:Convulsants; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005481:Flurothyl; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D019580:Perforant Pathway / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003292:Convulsants; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005481:Flurothyl; D007608:Kainic Acid