title: Promoter polymorphism of the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is associated with essential hypertension.
abstract: The present study examined the genetic contribution of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene in Japanese subjects with essential hypertension, and identified a -58T/C polymorphism of the core promoter that might be responsible for essential hypertension in Japanese. The study consisted of 100 hypertensive subjects and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. The allelic frequencies were 0.575 for the C allele and 0.425 for the T allele in hypertensive subjects, and 0.465 for the C allele and 0.535 for the T allele in normotensive subjects. The allelic frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant differences between hypertensive and normotensive subjects were seen in the genotypes distribution (p=0.049) and allelic frequencies (p=0.028), and the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene variant was associated with human essential hypertension in this Japanese population. This new marker may provide a valuable tool for assessing the risk for putative bradykinin-associated common diseases, such as hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases with genetic determinism. These results suggest that the -58 polymorphism of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is an independent risk factor for essential hypertension in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukae
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Geshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fuzimaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagiri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D018002:Receptors, Bradykinin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018002:Receptors, Bradykinin