Strategies to eradicate minimal residual disease in small cell lung cancer: high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and BEC2 plus BCG vaccination.
In the last 25 years, treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has improved with advances in chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Standard chemotherapy regimens can yield 80% to 90% response rates and some cures when combined with thoracic irradiation in limited-stage patients. Nonetheless, small cell lung cancer has a high relapse rate due to drug resistance; this has resulted in poor survival for most patients. Attacking this problem requires a unique approach to eliminate resistant disease remaining after induction therapy. This review will focus on three potential strategies: high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and BEC2 plus BCG vaccination.
Krug
L M
LM
Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Grant
S C
SC
Miller
V A
VA
Ng
K K
KK
Kris
M G
MG
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000628:therapy
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005732:Gangliosides; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; C026226:ganglioside, GD3