title: Communication problems in Turner syndrome: a sample survey.
abstract: Turner syndrome is a condition first recognized in 1938 with an incidence estimated at 1/2500 female births. It is known to result from a missing X chromosome and has as its main features a short stature, ovarian dysgenesis, neck webbing, congenital peripheral lymphedema, coarctation of the aorta, cubitus valgus, dysplastic nails, and pigmented nevi. In addition, psychosocial difficulties including communication disorders may occur. While the physical characteristics of Turner syndrome have been well documented, information on the communication problems in Turner syndrome is scarce. This study reports the results of a sample survey in 128 girls with Turner syndrome ranging in age from 2.4 to 58.8 years. Results are presented on the occurrence and nature of speech and language problems (voice disorders, articulation problems, stuttering, and delayed language development), on the presence of learning disabilities, and on educational history.
authors.affiliation: E.N.T. Department, Centrum voor Gehoor-en Spraakrevalidatie, Universiteit Gent, Belgium. john.vanborsel@rug.ac.be
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Borsel
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dhooge
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verhoye
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Derde
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curfs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014424:Turner Syndrome