title: Alveolar epithelial fluid transport can be simultaneously upregulated by both KGF and beta-agonist therapy.
abstract: Although keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) protects against experimental acute lung injury, the mechanisms for the protective effect are incompletely understood. Therefore, the time-dependent effects of KGF on alveolar epithelial fluid transport were studied in rats 48-240 h after intratracheal administration of KGF (5 mg/kg). There was a marked proliferative response to KGF, measured both by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine staining and by staining with an antibody to a type II cell antigen. In controls, alveolar liquid clearance (ALC) was 23 +/- 3%/h. After KGF pretreatment, ALC was significantly increased to 30 +/- 2%/h at 48 h, to 39 +/- 2%/h at 72 h, and to 36 +/- 3%/h at 120 h compared with controls (P < 0.05). By 240 h, ALC had returned to near-control levels (26 +/- 2%/h). The increase in ALC was explained primarily by the proliferation of alveolar type II cells, since there was a good correlation between the number of alveolar type II cells and the increase in ALC (r = 0.92, P = 0.02). The fraction of ALC inhibited by amiloride was similar in control rats (33%) as in 72-h KGF-pretreated rats (38%), indicating that there was probably no major change in the apical pathways for Na uptake in the KGF-pretreated rats at this time point. However, more rapid ALC at 120 h, compared with 48 h after KGF treatment, may be explained by greater maturation of alpha-epithelial Na channel, since its expression was greater at 120 than at 48 h, whereas the number of type II cells was the same at these two time points. beta-Adrenergic stimulation with terbutaline 72 h after KGF pretreatment further increased ALC to 50 +/- 7%/h (P < 0.5). In summary, KGF induced a sustained increase over 120 h in the fluid transport capacity of the alveolar epithelium. This impressive upregulation in fluid transport was further enhanced with beta-adrenergic agonist therapy, thus providing evidence that two different treatments can simultaneously increase the fluid transport capacity of the alveolar epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Medicine, Anesthesia, and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0130, USA. ybwang@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Folkesson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jayr
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Matthay
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051526:Fibroblast Growth Factor 10; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004232:Diuretics; C496455:Fgf7 protein, rat; D051526:Fibroblast Growth Factor 10; D006133:Growth Substances; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000584:Amiloride; D013726:Terbutaline