title: Functional electrical stimulation for detrusor instability.
abstract: The clinical efficacy of functional electrical stimulation (FES) for female detrusor instability (DI) is reviewed. Various types of FES methods (including anogenital long-term stimulation, short-term maximal stimulation, implantable stimulation and transcutaneous stimulation) have been reported. The therapeutic effects of these approaches were similar: the percentage of patients improved has been reported to be in the range 50%-90%. FES for female DI is a non-destructive procedure with a curative effect and very few side effects. This curative effect (re-education) is a major benefit of FES.
authors.affiliation: Iiyama Red-Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination