title: The impact of the biopsy Gleason score on PSA outcome for prostate cancer patients with PSA < or = 10 ng/ml and T1c,2a: implications for patient selection for prostate-only therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to determine the ability of the biopsy Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and the 1992 American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) clinical T-stage for predicting time to postoperative PSA failure for patients with a PSA < or =10 ng/ml and T1c or T2a disease. Specific attention is given to the patient subgroup with biopsy Gleason 3 + 4 vs. 4 + 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  A concordance map of the biopsy and prostatectomy Gleason grades and a clinical-pathologic correlation of the PSA, biopsy Gleason score, and 1992 AJCC T-stage and pathologic stage were performed. A Cox regression multivariable analysis was used to evaluate the ability of the biopsy Gleason score, PSA, and 1992 AJCC T-stage to predict time to PSA failure for 457 men managed with a radical prostatectomy (RP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absence of prostatectomy Gleason grade 4 or 5 disease was noted in 71%, 50%, and 11% of patients with biopsy Gleason score 2-6, 3 + 4, and > or =4 + 3 disease respectively while pathologic evidence of seminal vesicle invasion was noted in 2%, 4%, and 17% of these patients respectively. Estimates of 5-year PSA failure-free survival rates were not statistically different for patients with biopsy Gleason score 2-6 vs. 3 + 4 (79% vs. 81%; p = 0.93), but were significantly different for patients having biopsy Gleason score 2-6 vs. 4 + 3 (79% vs. 62%; p = 0.04) or 2-6 vs. 8-10 (79% vs. 18%; p = 0.0001) prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the pathologic stage and PSA control data following RP, patients with biopsy Gleason 3 + 4 disease and PSA < or =10 ng/ml and 1992 AJCC T1c or T2a disease may be suitable candidates for radiation therapy directed at the prostate only.
authors.affiliation: Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ADAMICO@JCRT.harvard.edu
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: D'Amico
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Renshaw
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Richie
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen