title: Intracranial extension of inverted papilloma: An unusual and potentially fatal complication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this article is to define the outcome of intracranial extension of inverted papilloma and outline a rationale for management of this rare clinical presentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of patients with intracranial extension of inverted papilloma reported in the literature (18 patients), or treated in our institution (3 patients ) was performed. The data of these 21 patients were consolidated with regard to clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome. Nine patients, including 1 of our cases, had coexisting squamous cell carcinoma and therefore were excluded from the analysis. Twelve patients with "pure" inverted papilloma formed the basis of this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of patients (83%) with intracranial inverted papilloma had recurrent disease. Patients with extradural disease had a survival rate of 86% with an average follow-up of 4.4 years. Eighty-six percent of these survivors were treated with craniofacial resection. In contrast, 75% of patients with intradural inverted papilloma were dead of disease with an average follow-up of 9.3 months regardless of the treatment modality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracranial extension of inverted papilloma is mostly associated with recurrent disease. Intracranial extradural inverted papilloma can be effectively controlled with craniofacial resection. Intracranial intradural involvement of inverted papilloma has a poor prognosis regardless of treatment. Aggressive treatment of intranasal inverted papilloma may be the most important factor in preventing intracranial presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Slot 543, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Suen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000473:pathology*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies