title: Effect of inhaled ozone on exhaled nitric oxide, pulmonary function, and induced sputum in normal and asthmatic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO) may have a role in the pathophysiology of tissue injury in response to inhaled ozone in animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover study was undertaken to investigate the effects of inhaled ozone in 10 normal and 10 atopic asthmatic volunteers. Subjects were exposed to 200 ppb ozone or clean air for four hours with intermittent exercise, followed by hourly measurement of spirometric parameters and exhaled NO for four hours. Nasal NO and methacholine reactivity were measured and exhaled breath condensate and induced sputum samples were collected four and 24 hours after exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to ozone caused a fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) of 7% in normal subjects (p<0.05) and 9% in asthmatic subjects (p<0.005). There was a 39% increase in sputum neutrophils at four hours in normal subjects (p<0.05) and a 35% increase at four hours in asthmatic subjects, remaining high at 24 hours (p<0.005 and p<0.05, respectively). There were no differences between normal and asthmatic subjects. There were no changes in methacholine reactivity, exhaled or nasal NO, nitrite levels in exhaled breath condensate, or sputum supernatant concentrations of interleukin 8, tumour necrosis factor alpha, or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to 200 ppb ozone leads to a neutrophil inflammatory response in normal and asthmatic subjects but no changes in exhaled NO or nitrite levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nightingale
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000378:metabolism*; D001944:Breath Tests; D002452:Cell Count; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013183:Sputum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010126:Ozone; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor