Inactivation of Escherichia coli DnaA protein by DNA polymerase III and negative regulations for initiation of chromosomal replication.
Genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that initiation of chromosomal replication in Escherichia coli occurs in a nucleoprotein complex at the replication origin (oriC) formed with DnaA protein. The frequency of initiation at oriC is tightly regulated to only once per chromosome per cell cycle. To prevent untimely, extra initiations, negative control for initiation is indispensable. Recently, we found that the function of the initiator protein, DnaA, is controlled by DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, the replicase of the chromosome. The ATP-bound form of DnaA protein, an active form for initiation, is efficiently converted to the ADP bound form, an inactive form, since a subunit of the polymerase loaded on DNA (beta subunit sliding clamp) stimulates hydrolysis of ATP bound to DnaA protein. Comparison of this system, RIDA (regulatory inactivation of DnaA), with other systems for negative regulation of initiation is included in this review, and the roles of these systems for concerted control for initiation during the cell cycle are discussed.
Katayama
T
T
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Sekimizu
K
K
D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D016935:Caulobacter crescentus / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D004258:DNA Polymerase III / Q000378:metabolism*; D004261:DNA Replication; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D008954:Models, Biological; D018741:Replication Origin; D014157:Transcription Factors
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C097706:CtrA protein, Caulobacter; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C066312:DnaA protein, Bacteria; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C089746:SeqA protein, E coli; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004258:DNA Polymerase III