title: Stimulation of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and nitrite release from mouse cultured spleen cells and lavaged peritoneal cells by mastoparan M.
abstract: Chemically synthesized mastoparan M, a tetradecapeptide toxin of venom (INLKAIAALAKKLL), was used in the experiments described. After addition of mastoparan M to cultures of mouse macrophages in vitro, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) were detected in the culture fluids by 12 h and their highest accumulation was observed by 24 h. Mastoparan M induced increases in both TNF-alpha secretion and mRNA level at the same time. Nitrite levels, which reflect nitric oxide synthesis, were also found to increase in the macrophage cultures at 24 h after mastoparan M addition. In vivo studies showed that mastoparan M induced the formation and accumulation of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and nitrite in the peritoneal exudates of mice much faster at 90 min, 120 min and 180 min after mastoparan M injection, respectively. Similarly, significant increases in myeloperoxidase activity, a marker for neutrophil and macrophage content, were observed in the peritoneal lavage cells after intraperitoneal injection of mastoparan M. However, induction of nitrite by mastoparan M was completely inhibited by simultaneous addition of antimouse TNF-alpha antibody to the macrophage cultures. These results suggest that modulation of both neutrophil and macrophage influx by mastoparan M may be conveyed through TNF-alpha and IL-1beta secretion accompanied by nitrite formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, National Taiwan Normal University.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007375:Interleukin-1; D009573:Nitrites; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014862:Wasp Venoms; C403864:mastoparan M; D009195:Peroxidase