title: Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture.
abstract: The novel alkaloid thalictroidine (1), as well as the known alkaloids taspine (2), magnoflorine (3), anagyrine (4), baptifoline (5), 5,6-dehydro-alpha-isolupanine (6), alpha-isolupanine (7), lupanine (8), N-methylcytisine (9), and sparteine (10), were identified from an extract of Caulophyllum thalictroides rhizomes. N-Methylcytisine exhibited teratogenic activity in the rat embryo culture (REC), an in vitro method to detect potential teratogens. The structure of 1 was elucidated using various spectroscopic methods, primarily by NMR techniques. Thalictroidine, anagyrine, and alpha-isolupanine were not teratogenic in the REC at tested concentrations. Taspine (2) showed high embryotoxicity, but no teratogenic activity, in the REC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 200 C Street SW, Washington, D.C. 20204, USA. kennelly@alpha.lehman.cuny.edu
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kennelly
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Mazzola
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: McCloud
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Danford
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Betz
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D013723:Teratogens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D013723:Teratogens