title: Botulinum toxin in motor disorders.
abstract: Advances in the clinical use of botulinum neurotoxins continue. Of interest to the neurologist is the advanced practice in the treatment of focal dystonia and the new developments on other dyskinesias and on autonomic control of smooth muscle motility. New toxin serotypes are now being tested; their availability will improve clinical practice and will possibly lead to combined treatments. Indications in spasticity and in juvenile cerebral palsy are now under scrutiny. The combination of focal chemodenervation with specific rehabilitation procedures enables new development in this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bentivoglio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albanese
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A