title: In vivo regulation of hepatitis B virus replication by peroxisome proliferators.
abstract: The role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) in regulating hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcription and replication in vivo was investigated in an HBV transgenic mouse model. Treatment of HBV transgenic mice with the peroxisome proliferators Wy-14,643 and clofibric acid resulted in a less than twofold increase in HBV transcription rates and steady-state levels of HBV RNAs in the livers of these mice. In male mice, this increase in transcription was associated with a 2- to 3-fold increase in replication intermediates, whereas in female mice it was associated with a 7- to 14-fold increase in replication intermediates. The observed increases in transcription and replication were dependent on PPARalpha. HBV transgenic mice lacking this nuclear hormone receptor showed similar levels of HBV transcripts and replication intermediates as untreated HBV transgenic mice expressing PPARalpha but failed to demonstrate alterations in either RNA or DNA synthesis in response to peroxisome proliferators. Therefore, it appears that very modest alterations in transcription can, under certain circumstances, result in relatively large increases in HBV replication in HBV transgenic mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Guidotti
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Eggers
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Raney
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002995:Clofibric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators; D011743:Pyrimidines; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002995:Clofibric Acid; C006253:pirinixic acid