title: The antagonistic effect of chlorpromazine on cadmium toxicity.
abstract: Adult male rats were injected sc with cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) in a single dose of 7 mg/kg body wt. Twenty-four hours postinjection, exposure to CdCl(2) increased the hemoglobin absorbance of the testes from 0.36 +/- 0.01 to 2.46 +/- 0.02. Pretreatment of rats with chlorpromazine (CPZ) 3 mg/kg ip either for 1 or 2 days before exposure to CdCl(2) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the testicular damage and the hemoglobin absorbance decreased to 1.03 +/- 0.02 and 0.92 +/- 0.04, respectively. After CdCl(2) injection there was a progressive increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. CdCl(2) injection induced hemorrhage and a diffuse area of coagulative necrosis in liver. Pretreatment with CPZ partially protected liver from the effect of CdCl(2). Two months postinjection, exposure to CdCl(2) significantly decreased the weights of testes, epididymis, and accessory sex organs. Furthermore, CdCl(2) induced a highly significant (p < 0.01) decrease in sperm cell concentration and the percentage of mobile cells. Moreover CdCl(2) induced degenerative changes in testes, epididymis, and seminal vesicles. Pretreatment with CPZ partially protected these organs from the toxic effects of CdCl(2). It could be concluded that chlorpromazine partially antagonized the toxic effects of cadmium on liver, testes, and other male reproductive organs of rats.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: El-Ashmawy
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Youssef
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013076:Sperm Count / Q000187:drug effects; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D002746:Chlorpromazine