title: Facilitation of picture naming after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on picture naming.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have shown that rTMS disrupts ongoing speech processes when delivered over frontal or parietal areas of the dominant hemisphere.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 15 healthy right-handed male individuals, rTMS trains of 20 Hz with a duration of 2 seconds and an intensity of 55% of maximum stimulator output were delivered either to Wernicke's area, to the right-hemisphere homologue of Wernicke's area, to Broca's area, or to the primary visual cortex. Twenty black-and-white line drawings, which the individuals had to name as quickly as possible, were shown immediately after the completion of rTMS and again 2 minutes later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after the end of a train over Wernicke's area a shortening of naming latency was observed compared with naming without rTMS (p < 0.001). No significant effects on picture naming were observed 2 minutes later or at any time after stimulation of the right-hemisphere homologues of Wernicke's area, Broca's area, or the visual cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over Wernicke's area leads to a brief facilitation of picture naming by shortening linguistic processing time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Research Center, Juelich, Germany.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mottaghy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hungs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brügmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sparing
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boroojerdi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Foltys
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Töpper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology