title: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy for large renal and bladder calculi: strategies for efficient lithotripsy.
abstract: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy is effective for all stone compositions, and high success rates may be expected. Large renal and bladder calculi may be treated effectively with Ho:YAG lasertripsy. Using angled optical fibers and increasing power settings may be particularly useful to increase lithotripsy speed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7845, USA. teichman@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Teichman
mesh_terms: D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006695:Holmium; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D055100:Optical Fibers; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D015019:Yttrium; D006695:Holmium