title: The stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme that mediates shedding and desquamation of skin cells is highly overexpressed in ovarian tumor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proteases play essential roles in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis. The serine protease stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE) has been purified from human stratum corneum and is known to contribute to the cell shedding process by catalyzing the degradation of intercellular cohesive structures at the skin surface. The presence of SCCE on the surface of tumor cells suggests it also may contribute to the process of tumor cell shedding, resulting in early metastasis of carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression of SCCE was investigated in 44 ovarian tumors (12 low malignant potential tumors and 32 carcinomas) and 10 normal ovaries by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was labeled with (32)P and a phosphoimager was used to determine the relative expression of SCCE compared with an internal control Beta-tubulin. mRNA transcripts were studied by Northern blot hybridization and protein expression and localization was examined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  mRNA expression levels of SCCE were elevated significantly in 66.7% of 12 low malignant potential tumors and 78.1% of 32 carcinomas. Furthermore, SCCE protein was abundant in tumor cells and tumor cell lines that overexpressed the mRNA transcript.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study suggest that SCCE frequently is overexpressed in ovarian tumors and therefore may contribute to tumor cell growth, tumor spread, and the metastatic potential of ovarian tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Underwood
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigemasa
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yan Yan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Parmley
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007610:Kallikreins; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007641:Keratolytic Agents; C082472:KLK7 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases