title: Desmopressin resistant enuresis: pathogenetic and therapeutic considerations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested the role of the bladder in the pathogenesis of desmopressin resistant enuresis by evaluating the influence of urine production on the timing of the enuretic event and the response to anticholinergic medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We gave 33 children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis resistant to the standard 0.4 mg. oral dose of desmopressin 0.4 and 0.8 mg. desmopressin and placebo tablets for 5 nights each in a double-blind crossover fashion. The time of enuresis or nocturia was documented. All 9 children who had at least 1 dry treatment period during the randomized portion of the study then received open label treatment with 0.8 mg. desmopressin. Nonresponders to this regimen and the remainder of the children were offered anticholinergic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average time between bedtime and voiding was 5.0, 5.6 and 5.0 hours during the nights with placebo, and 0.4 and 0.8 mg. desmopressin, respectively (p = 0.12). Of the 9 children subsequently treated with 0.8 mg. desmopressin 5 became completely dry. Of the remaining 28 children given anticholinergic treatment 20 responded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antidiuresis does not delay the enuretic event in children with desmopressin resistant enuresis. This finding and the favorable response to anticholinergic medication favor the hypothesis that these children have nocturnal bladder instability. A subgroup of enuretic children responds to high but not normal doses of desmopressin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Swedish Agricultural University.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nevéus
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Läckgren
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuvemo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004775:Enuresis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012076:Renal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012076:Renal Agents; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin