title: [Recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis].
abstract: Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) rarely occurs in children, is not easily diagnosed, and has a poor prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a pediatric case with a relapse on the 29th day despite conventional acyclovir therapy. As the relapse mechanism is not clearly understood, antiviral and immunosuppressive therapy was administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case underlines the importance of clinical examination and the necessity of accurate testing prior stopping antiviral treatment. A better understanding of the relapse mechanism is required in order to propose more efficient treatment.
authors.affiliation: Service de réanimation pédiatrique, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Rouen, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paillard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vanhulle
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ensel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monroc-Morval
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blanc
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000078306:Clobazam; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008776:Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020888:Vigabatrin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000078306:Clobazam; D008776:Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate; D014635:Valproic Acid; D020888:Vigabatrin; D000212:Acyclovir