title: Recombinant gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase augments coronary artery relaxations during hypoxia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary arteries respond to hypoxia with transient relaxations, which increases coronary blood flow, in part, by release of nitric oxide. We hypothesized that increased expression of nitric oxide synthase might further augment blood vessel relaxation during hypoxia. The present study examined the effect of adenovirus-mediated transfer of bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on hypoxia-induced transient relaxations in canine coronary arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paired segments of coronary arteries were exposed to vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline with albumin) or an adenovirus encoding either E coli beta-galactosidase (Ad.CMVLacZ, viral control; 10(10) pfu/mL) or eNOS (Ad.CMVeNOS; 10(10) pfu/mL) for 2 hours at 37 degrees C. Immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody specific for eNOS documented both endothelial and adventitial expression in Ad.CMVeNOS arteries, whereas vehicle and viral controls demonstrated only constitutive expression. Levels of cGMP were increased 5-fold in Ad.CMVeNOS arteries compared with controls. In arteries exposed to Ad.CMVeNOS, maximum contraction to prostaglandin F(2alpha) was reduced compared with viral controls, and this effect was eliminated by pretreatment with a competitive inhibitor of eNOS (N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine, 10(-3) mol/L). Hypoxia-induced transient relaxation (95% N(2)-5% CO(2)) in Ad.CMVeNOS arteries (45.2+/-8.8%, n=6) was augmented compared with vehicle (26.3+/-6.0%) or viral (27.2+/-7.1%) controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase reduces receptor-dependent contractions and augments hypoxia-induced relaxations in canine coronary arteries; this method of augmentation of NO production might be advantageous for reduction of coronary artery vasospasm.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgical Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Cable
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Pompili
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Schaff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D000860:Hypoxia; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III