title: Regulation of mesangial cell hexokinase activity by PKC and the classic MAPK pathway.
abstract: Phorbol esters increase glucose (Glc) uptake and utilization in a variety of cell types, and, in some cells, these changes have been attributed to increased Glc phosphorylation and better functional coupling of hexokinases (HKs) to facilitative Glc transporters. Phorbol esters are potent mesangial cell mitogens, but their effects on HK-catalyzed Glc phosphorylation and metabolism are unknown. When examined in murine mesangial cells, active, but not inactive, phorbol esters increased HK activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Maximal induction of HK activity at 12-24 h was accompanied by parallel increases in both Glc utilization and lactate production and was blocked by the specific MEK1/2 inhibitor PD-98059 (IC(50) approximately 3 microM). This effect involved early activation of protein kinase C (PKC), MEK1/2, and ERK1/2, and the prolonged time course of subsequent HK induction was attributable, in part, to requirements for ongoing gene transcription and de novo protein synthesis. Mesangial cell HK activity thus exhibits novel regulatory behavior involving both PKC and classic MAPK pathway activation, suggesting specific mechanisms whereby PKC activation may influence Glc metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. RBRobey@uic.edu
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Robey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D019344:Lactic Acid; D006593:Hexokinase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D005947:Glucose; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one