title: Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage and outcome--results from Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain the number of cases of spontaneous (aneurysmal) subarachnoid haemorrhage presenting to Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, over a one year period, the demographics of the patients involved, their treatment and their eventual outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study from June 1995 to June 1996.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 62 patients admitted over this period with an average of 5 patients per month. Their ages ranged from 9 to 85 years with a mean of 54 years. All 62 patients underwent 4-vessel cerebral angiograms. Forty-three patients (69%) underwent clipping of their aneurysms. Twelve patients (19%) had negative angiograms. Four patients (6%) underwent coiling of their aneurysms via interventional neuroradiology techniques. Patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage of Grades 1 to 3 on the WFNS (World Federation of Neurological Surgeons) grading had a favourable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Score of 4 and 5) in 85% of the cases. The overall mortality rate for the operated group (all grades) was 11%. However for the group with good WFNS grading, namely the Grade 1 to 2 groups, there were no deaths. Twenty-four percent of patients developed clinically symptomatic vasospasm. Eighteen percent of patients required ventriculo-peritoneal shunting for hydrocephalus secondary to the subarachnoid haemorrhage. The overall management mortality (operated and non-operated cases) was 14% for proven aneurysmal and angiographically-negative spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. These results are comparable to that of other reputable centers reported in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Seow
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Ong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome