title: Rod multifocal electroretinograms in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the feasibility of recording rod multifocal electroretinograms (ERGs) from the mouse eye.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multifocal ERGs were recorded from normal mice (C57BL/6J) using an array of equal-sized hexagons. Local stimuli were blue (W47A), and the number of blank frames between successive flashes at the same location was fixed at 14 (minimum 200 msec between flashes). Flash and surround intensity, and the number of hexagons, were varied to optimize the stimulus conditions for the mouse, and alterations in adaptation level were used to assess cone intrusion. Local response isolation was evaluated by comparing multifocal responses to full-field ERGs and by mapping local defects in laser-treated mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rod multifocal ERGs, although small, were clearly recordable and well formed under many conditions. Decreasing flash intensity or the size of stimulus elements, and/or increasing the surround intensity or adaptation level, decreased local response amplitudes. At the dimmest flash intensity (-0.70 log scotopic trolands [scot td]/s) and the smallest stimulus element (2.9 degrees x 3.5 degrees), local responses were nondetectable. Comparisons with full-field ERGs supported the hypothesis that the local responses were not contaminated by contributions from dark-adapted retinal areas surrounding the multifocal display. With sufficiently bright (0.30 log scot td-s) and relatively large (5.6 degrees x 6.9 degrees) stimulus elements, multifocal responses clearly revealed local retinal defects created with laser treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rod multifocal ERGs can be recorded from the mouse eye to provide topographical maps of retinal function that have sufficient spatial resolution to be of practical use. The technique will be useful in characterizing the natural history of regional loss in mouse models of human retinal disease and in evaluating some forms of interventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA. nusinowitz@jsei.ucla.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nusinowitz
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ridder
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Heckenlively
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields