title: Efficient processing of the immunodominant, HLA-A*0201-restricted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope despite multiple variations in the epitope flanking sequences.
abstract: Immune escape from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses has been shown to occur not only by changes within the targeted epitope but also by changes in the flanking sequences which interfere with the processing of the immunogenic peptide. However, the frequency of such an escape mechanism has not been determined. To investigate whether naturally occurring variations in the flanking sequences of an immunodominant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag CTL epitope prevent antigen processing, cells infected with HIV-1 or vaccinia virus constructs encoding different patient-derived Gag sequences were tested for recognition by HLA-A*0201-restricted, p17-specific CTL. We found that the immunodominant p17 epitope (SL9) and its variants were efficiently processed from minigene expressing vectors and from six HIV-1 Gag variants expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus constructs. Furthermore, SL9-specific CTL clones derived from multiple donors efficiently inhibited virus replication when added to HLA-A*0201-bearing cells infected with primary or laboratory-adapted strains of virus, despite the variability in the SL9 flanking sequences. These data suggest that escape from this immunodominant CTL response is not frequently accomplished by changes in the epitope flanking sequences.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Research Center and Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. brander@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brander
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goulder
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trocha
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colbert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buchbinder
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zweerink
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolinsky
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Blattner
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kalams
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D010957:Plasmids; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus; D014764:Viral Proteins; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; D014764:Viral Proteins; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C054858:p17 protein, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1