title: Are the benefits of sentence context different in central and peripheral vision?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sentence context increases reading speed relative to reading unrelated words. Previous studies of normal peripheral retina and in patients with central field loss (CFL) have come to different conclusions regarding the benefits of sentence context for reading in peripheral retina. Studies of normal peripheral vision presented the text to inferior visual field; it is presumed that most of the patients fixated using retina lateral to their scotoma. The goal of the current study was to determine whether the location of the text on the retina interacts with the usefulness of sentence context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normally sighted subjects read sentences and random lists of words presented at the fovea and at 50 to the left of and 50 inferior to fixation in visual field space. Texts were presented using rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ratio of reading rates for sentences to random words (context gain) was the same in the inferior field (2.7 +/- 0.20) and at the fovea (2.6 +/- 0.26); context gain was greater in the left field (7.2 +/- 1.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sentence context increases reading speed regardless of the position of the text on the retina. Reading rates in peripheral retina are not decreased because of an inability to use sentence context.
authors.affiliation: Lions Vision Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. fine@vision.eri.harvard.edu
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Fine
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hazel
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Petre
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Rubin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008875:Middle Aged; D011932:Reading; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology