title: Apovarepsilon(4) allele increases the risk for exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether the Apovarepsilon(4) allele is associated with an increased risk for exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia (SI) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and sixty-six NIDDM patients with normal rest electrocardiography were selected randomly. Of them, 77 cases were SI, and 89 without SI. Seventy-two healthy individuals without SI were also selected as controls. Polymerase chain reaction/ASO probes was used to determined their mouthwash DNA apolipoprotein E genotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) In the NIDDM with SI group, the prevalence of epsilon(4)/(3) was 31.2%, which was significantly higher than 9.7% in control and 7.9% in NIDDM without SI (P<0.005). epsilon(3)/(3) was 55.8%, which was significantly lower than 73.6% in control and NIDDM without SI (P<0.05). (2) In the NIDDM without SI group, epsilon(4)/(3) was 7.9%, which was significantly lower than 18.7% in NIDDM (P<0.05). In addition, the epsilon(4) allele prevalence was 19.5%, which was significantly higher than 5.6% in NIDDM without SI (P<0.005), and 9% in control, 12% in NIDDM (P<0.05). (3) In the epsilon(4)/(3)epsilon(4)/(4) group for NIDDM, the prevalence of SI was 77%, which was significantly higher than 39% in the epsilon(3)/(3) group and 29% in the epsilon(2)/(2)epsilon(3)/(2) group (P<0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The epsilon(4) allele increases the risk for SI in NIDDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Army Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuluo Road 299, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guangda
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bangshun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiujian
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yangzhong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol