title: Role of photoperiod and the pineal gland in T cell-dependent humoral immune reactivity in the Siberian hamster.
abstract: The present study tested the hypothesis that antibody production in response to xenoantigen is modulated by daylength and dependent upon the pineal gland. Alter injection of sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations were 5-fold lower in hamsters in short versus long days. Pinealectomy (Pinx) abolished the nocturnal melatonin rhythm, blocked short-day-mediated testis regression, and eliminated the short-day reduction in Ig production after SRBC treatment. Antibody titers in response to SRBC were equivalently augmented in short-day Pinx and long-day sham hamsters. The results indicate that photoperiodic effects on T cell-dependent humoral immunity are dependent upon the pineal gland. These findings raise the possibility that day length-associated changes in some immune system functions are mediated by the pineal melatonin rhythm.
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California 92350, USA. syellon@som.llu.edu
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yellon
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Teasley
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Fagoaga
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nehlsen-Cannarella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000917:Antibody Formation; D015478:Antigens, Heterophile / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006224:Cricetinae; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000276:immunology; D008954:Models, Biological; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation; D017111:Phodopus / Q000276:immunology*; D017440:Photoperiod; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000276:immunology*; D012621:Seasons; D012756:Sheep; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D015478:Antigens, Heterophile; D008550:Melatonin