Transpupillary thermotherapy as primary treatment for small choroidal melanomas.
OBJECTIVE
To report the short-term follow-up results of eyes containing small choroidal melanomas that were treated with transpupillary thermotherapy.


METHODS
Twenty eyes with suspected small choroidal melanomas were treated with transpupillary thermotherapy using infrared light delivered from the diode laser.


RESULTS
The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 82 years. In 14 patients, there was documented growth of the melanoma before transpupillary thermotherapy. The tumor thickness ranged from less than 1.0 to 3.2 mm. Seven tumors were treated more than once. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to more than 3 years. Following treatment, the tumor thickness decreased in all cases, usually within 2 months. Progressive atrophy of tumor mass and loss of pigmentation within the tumor continued beyond 1 year of follow-up in some eyes. Complications included field defects, vascular changes, and macular abnormalities.


CONCLUSIONS
Transpupillary thermotherapy of small choroidal melanomas is usually followed by early tumor shrinkage but is complicated by dense scotomas, nerve fiber bundle defects, and, occasionally, macular abnormalities. The short-term follow-up results suggest that transpupillary thermotherapy may arrest the growth of selected small melanomas.
Robertson
D M
DM
Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation, and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Buettner
H
H
Bennett
S R
SR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011680:Pupil; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012607:Scotoma / Q000209:etiology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014794:Visual Fields