title: Treatment of pancreatic cancer with docetaxel and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a multicenter phase II study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and tolerance of single-agent docetaxel and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three chemotherapy-naive patients (median age, 65 years) with histologically confirmed pancreatic cancer were treated, after appropriate premedication, with docetaxel (100 mg/m(2)) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (150 microg/m(2)/d subcutaneously days 2 through 10) every 3 weeks. World Health Organization performance status was 0 to 1 in 28 patients (85%) and 2 in 5 patients (15%). Twenty-nine patients had stage III and IV disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One complete response (3%) and one partial response (3%) were observed for an overall response rate of 6% (95% confidence interval, 2.1% to 14.2%). Nineteen patients (58%) had stable disease and 12 (36%) had progressive disease. The duration of the two objective responses was 10 and 28 weeks, and the median time to tumor progression was 20 weeks. The median overall survival was 36 weeks. The actuarial 1-year survival was 36.4%. The performance status improved in seven of 21 assessable patients (24%) and pain improved in 14 of 21 (67%) assessable patients; five patients (29%) experienced weight gain during treatment. Disease-related asthenia, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea improved in 29%, 15%, 67%, and 47% of the assessable patients, respectively. Serum concentrations of CA 19-9 were decreased by more than 50% in seven patients (35%). Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in four patients (12%) and eight patients (24%), respectively, with two episodes of febrile neutropenia. There were no treatment-related deaths. Grade 3/4 asthenia occurred in three patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although docetaxel has a marginal objective activity in pancreatic cancer, it seems to have an important effect on tumor growth control, conferring a clinical benefit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Androulakis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kourousis
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dimopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Samelis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakolyris
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsavaris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Genatas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aravantinos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karabekios
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Stathopoulos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Georgoulias
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015996:Survival Rate; D043823:Taxoids; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000077143:Docetaxel; D017239:Paclitaxel