title: [Evaluation of polyurethane stent implantation for the treatment of complete obstruction of the nasolacrimal system: 8-month follow-up and complications].
abstract: Dacryocystorhinostomy is still the standard procedure complete stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct. New methods try to preserve the natural lacrimal pathway. Song implanted in 1995 a nasolacrimal polyurethane stent through the nasolacrimal duct. The results and complications of this new method are described in this prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty consecutive patients with complete obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct or lacrimal sac were included in the study. The stenosis was localized by dacryocystography. The ages ranged from 22 to 87 years (mean, 58.9 +/- 16 years). Dacryocystography was performed immediately, 4 weeks and 8 months after the procedure to verify the position and patency of the stent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five short (35 mm) and 5 long (45 mm) stents were implanted. Twenty-four of 30 patients after 4 weeks and 9 of 10 patients after 8 months had reduced or no complaints. In 1 patient the stent was obstructed. Forceful irrigation with saline solution permitted recanalization. In 1 patient the stent had moved into the upper canaliculus. Because of irritation of the canaliculus it had to be pulled out after 2 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The follow-up is still too short to recommend stent implantation as a real alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy. The main advantages are that the procedure is faster, no incision is necessary, and the local anesthesia is easier. The disadvantage is the need for X-ray examination.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-Augenklinik Charité, Berlin.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anders
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosten
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walkow
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hartmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D011140:Polyurethanes; D011859:Radiography; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011140:Polyurethanes