title: Inhibition of the generation of thrombin and factor Xa by a fucoidan from the brown seaweed Ecklonia kurome.
abstract: The effects of a fucoidan (C-II), which was purified from the brown seaweed Ecklonia kurome, on the generation of thrombin and factor Xa have been investigated by measuring the amidolytic activities by using the respective specific chromogenic substrates in both plasma and purified systems. C-II inhibited significantly the generation of thrombin in both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways, although the intrinsic inhibitory effect by C-II was more remarkable than the extrinsic one. On the other hand, C-II was a good inhibitor of the factor Xa generation in the intrinsic pathway, while it was a poor one in the extrinsic pathway. In the purified systems C-II also inhibited the formation of prothrombin-activating complex (i.e., prothrombinase), but not its activity. The concentration of C-II required for 50% inhibition of thrombin generation was about one-tenth to one-seventh of that of the activity of the generated thrombin in plasma. These results indicate that C-II has an inhibitory effect on the generation of thrombin by blocking the formation of prothrombinase and by preventing the generation of intrinsic factor Xa in addition to its antithrombin activity, and also that the generation-inhibitory effect is more remarkable than C-II's enhancement effect on the antithrombin activity by heparin cofactor II in plasma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. nisino@jet.sci.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagumo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000494:pharmacology; D015949:Factor IXa / Q000494:pharmacology; D005170:Factor X / Q000378:metabolism; D015951:Factor Xa / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D005643:Fucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D017840:Daboia; D012624:Seaweed; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D013917:Thrombin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; D014757:Viper Venoms; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D005643:Fucose; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II; D011516:Prothrombin; D005170:Factor X; D013925:Thromboplastin; C007789:fucoidan; D010450:Endopeptidases; D015949:Factor IXa; D013917:Thrombin; D015951:Factor Xa; C020097:ecarin