title: Craniofacial variability in parents of children with cleft lip and cleft palate.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are variations in the craniofacial morphology between parents of children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate and normal controls with no history of cleft in the families in a Saudi sample. Frontal skull radiographs were obtained from a study group consisting of 40 couples, who have a child with cleft deformity and control group of 32 males and 35 females, who have no history of clefts in the family. A total of 18 landmarks were digitized for each individual by a custom made computer program. T-test, logistic regression analysis were applied to the data. Significant findings were obtained for both males and females of the affected children. The males displayed wider nasal cavity and a narrower maxillary width with asymmetry of the face. Females showed smaller facial dimension as a whole, and asymmetry of the face.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: AlEmran
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fatani
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hassanain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics*; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics*; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000235:genetics; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000002:abnormalities; D010290:Parents; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics