title: B7h, a novel costimulatory homolog of B7.1 and B7.2, is induced by TNFalpha.
abstract: In a screen to identify genes induced by NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factors, we cloned a novel gene, b7h, that is a close homolog of B7 costimulatory ligands expressed on antigen-presenting cells. B7h can costimulate proliferation of purified T cells through a receptor on T cells distinct from CD28 or CTLA-4. Surprisingly, although B7h is expressed in unstimulated B cells, its expression is induced in both 3T3 cells and embryonic fibroblasts treated with TNFalpha, and it is upregulated in nonlymphoid tissues of mice treated with LPS, a potent activator of TNFalpha. These data define a novel costimulatory ligand for T cells and suggest that induction of B7h by TNFalpha may function as a mechanism to directly augment recognition of self during inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cell Biology Department, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Swallow
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wallin
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Sha
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015723:Gene Library; D005796:Genes; D060945:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Ligand; D007249:Inflammation; D008024:Ligands; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C400230:Icosl protein, mouse; D060945:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Ligand; D008024:Ligands; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011506:Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008025:Ligases; C028812:guanosine 3',5'-polyphosphate synthetases