title: The differentiated state of intestinal lamina propria CD4+ T cells results in altered cytokine production, activation threshold, and costimulatory requirements.
abstract: Intestinal lamina propria (LP) CD4+ T cells are memory-like effector cells that proliferate at relatively low levels and require high levels of TCR signaling and costimulation for full activation in vitro. To study LP CD4+ T cell functional potential we used DO11.10 TCR transgenic (Tg) mice specific for the class II MHC-restricted OVA323-339 peptide and nontransgenic BALB/c mice. Activation of LP Tg+ T cells with Ag using mucosal explants induced high levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma. Culturing isolated LP cells with IL-12 enhanced IFN-gamma production and down-regulated IL-4 and IL-2, whereas addition of IL-4 maintained IL-4 production without inhibiting IFN-gamma production. Systemic administration of relatively high dose (HD; 100 nM) OVA323-339 peptide induced similar levels of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation by LP and splenic Tg+ T cells in vivo, whereas low dose (LD; 4.5 nM) peptide injections induced 4-fold greater levels of BrdU incorporation for LP compared with splenic Tg+ T cells. Coadministration of CTLA-4Ig reduced BrdU incorporation for splenic cells by 70% with HD and LD stimulation, but had little effect on LP responses to HD stimulation. Results of in vivo studies were confirmed in nontransgenic BALB/c mice using HD (200 microg) and LD (10 microg) anti-CD3 mAb+/- CTLA-4Ig. These results suggest that LP T cells are differentiated effector cells that respond at high levels when activated with relatively low levels of Ag- and B7-mediated costimulation in vivo. The reduced activation threshold of LP T cells may facilitate responses to low levels of Ag derived from mucosal pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical Research Center and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sitterding
authors.forename: J h
authors.initials: Jh
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Jump
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; C111390:OVA 323-339; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010047:Ovalbumin