title: Inducible nitric oxide synthase protection against coxsackievirus pancreatitis.
abstract: Coxsackievirus infection causes myocarditis and pancreatitis in humans. In certain strains of mice, Coxsackievirus causes a severe pancreatitis. We explored the role of NO in the host immune response to viral pancreatitis. Coxsackievirus replicates to higher titers in mice lacking NO synthase 2 (NOS2) than in wild-type mice, with particularly high viral titers and viral RNA levels in the pancreas. Mice lacking NOS have a severe, necrotizing pancreatitis, with elevated pancreatic enzymes in the blood and necrotic acinar cells. Lack of NOS2 leads to a rapid increase in the mortality of infected mice. Thus, NOS2 is a critical component in the immune response to Coxsackievirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zaragoza
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ocampo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saura
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leppo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lafond-Walker
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thiemann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hruban
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lowenstein
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000209:etiology; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000209:etiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology / Q000821:virology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse