title: Evaluation of empiric vancomycin therapy in children with fever and neutropenia.
abstract: A retrospective evaluation was conducted to determine which children admitted for fever and neutropenia required empiric vancomycin therapy, and to develop a clinical pathway for appropriate treatment. Chart review identified 109 admissions of 36 pediatric oncology patients for fever and neutropenia, of which 88 were eligible for analysis. Blood cultures isolated 17 gram-positive organisms; coagulase-negative staphylococci and viridans group streptococci were cultured most frequently (82%). We concluded that previous high-dose cytarabine therapy, inflamed central access site, and hypotension or septic shock are possible indicators of febrile, neutropenic patients at high risk for gram-positive pathogen isolation. These predictors then were used to determine which children would receive empiric vancomycin therapy.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina Hospitals and Clinics, University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Adcock
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Akins
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Farrington
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D014640:Vancomycin