title: A(3) adenosine receptor activation attenuates neutrophil function and neutrophil-mediated reperfusion injury.
abstract: This study tested the hypothesis that A(3) adenosine receptors inhibit neutrophil (PMN) function and PMN-mediated reperfusion injury. 2-Chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide (Cl-IB-MECA), an A(3) agonist, did not attenuate superoxide production or myeloperoxidase release from stimulated PMNs. However, Cl-IB-MECA reduced platelet-activating factor-stimulated PMN adherence to coronary endothelium at low concentrations: 52 +/- 27, 45 +/- 10, and 87 +/- 23 PMNs/mm(2) at 0.1, 1.0, and 10 nM vs. 422 +/- 64 PMNs/mm(2) with platelet-activating factor alone. This inhibition was not blocked by A(1) (5 microM KW-3902) or A(2a) (5 microM KF-21326) antagonists: 44 +/- 3 and 43 +/- 2 PMNs/mm(2), respectively. Endothelial pretreatment with 1 nM Cl-IB-MECA reduced PMN adherence, which was reversed by the A(3) antagonist MRS-1220 (100 nM). PMN-mediated reperfusion injury was initiated in isolated rabbit hearts by infusion of 28 x 10(6) PMNs/min for 10 min early in reperfusion. PMNs caused a significant decrease in recovery of left ventricular developed pressure and positive and negative time derivatives of pressure (23 +/- 3, 25 +/- 3, and 23 +/- 3% of baseline, respectively) vs. buffer-perfused hearts (43 +/- 7, 44 +/- 7, and 45 +/- 6%, respectively). Cl-IB-MECA (10 nM) given at reperfusion attenuated the PMN-mediated loss of contractile recovery (40 +/- 3, 46 +/- 5, and 42 +/- 4% of baseline). Cl-IB-MECA reduced myeloperoxidase release activity (5.3 +/- 0.6 absorbance units/min) and CD18-positive cells (54 +/- 9 cells/slide) compared with the untreated PMN group (17.9 +/- 1.7 absorbance units/min and 183 +/- 68 cells/slide). We conclude that Cl-IB-MECA attenuates reperfusion injury by decreasing PMN-endothelial cell interactions. These results suggest that the A(3) adenosine receptor may be a novel therapeutic target for treatment of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Research Laboratory, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Crawford Long Hospital of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30365, USA. jjordan@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Thourani
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Auchampach
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vinten-Johansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D019556:COS Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D006439:Hemodynamics; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D013481:Superoxides; D009195:Peroxidase