Apoptosis and drug response.
Recent investigation further defines the role of p53 and of signaling events upstream and downstream of p53 in apoptosis following drug-induced DNA damage. The transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 can be activated, and then directly transactivate FasL in response to chemotherapeutic agents. Death receptors for FasL (Fas) and for TRAIL (DR4, DR5) are emerging as important regulators of drug-induced apoptosis in human cancers, mediated by caspase activation. Apoptosis has been accepted as the predominant mechanism of drug-induced cell death in preclinical experimental models and in clinically sensitive tumors. However, drug-induced cell death can include acute or delayed apoptosis, necrosis, or a delayed mitotic death, and require further delineation for their relative contribution to tumor responses in vivo.
Houghton
J A
JA
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology