title: Detection of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia with the five-region biopsy technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the ability of the five-region biopsy technique compared with the traditional sextant biopsy technique to detect high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in patients with an abnormal digital rectal examination or elevated prostate-specific antigen, or both, by a retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective review of 50 consecutive patients diagnosed with PIN at our institution from January 1 990 to May 1998. Of the 50 patients, 26 patients were diagnosed with high-grade PIN. The reasons for the initial prostate biopsy were elevated prostate-specific antigen in 15 patients, abnormal digital rectal examination in 1 patient, and combined abnormalities in 10 patients. These patients underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate using the five-region biopsy technique. Biopsy findings from regions 1, 3, and 5 (additional five-region biopsies) were compared with those of regions 2 and 4 (traditional sextant biopsies).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 26 patients, PIN was detected in the sextant regions in only 14 patients (53%). However, by using the five-region biopsy technique, an additional 1 2 patients (47%) were diagnosed with PIN (P <0.05). Twenty-four patients underwent repeated five-region biopsies. Eight (33%) of the 24 patients were found to have prostate cancer. Of the eight patients with cancer, 5 of the cancers were found with the five-region biopsy technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, the five-region method of prostate biopsy significantly increased the diagnosis of PIN compared with the traditional sextant method of biopsy. Furthermore, 33% of patients diagnosed with high-grade PIN on the initial biopsies were found to have prostate cancer on subsequent five-region biopsies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rosser
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Broberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Case
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Eskew
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies