title: Visual outcome after treatment with low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator or hemodilution in ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.
abstract: The ischemic type of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is associated with a poor visual and ocular prognosis. Although several reports have indicated that hemodilution or thrombolytic therapy may be of benefit, there is still no consensus among ophthalmologists about the management of this disorder. In our study, we retrospectively evaluated the visual outcome after medical treatment in 58 patients with ischemic CRVO and severe visual loss (< or = 20/50). We separately investigated three different groups, depending on the following criteria: onset of symptoms within 11 days prior to admission and thrombolytic treatment with 50 mg of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and intravenous heparinization (n = 23) or hemodilution therapy (n = 22) or onset of symptoms >11 days before the initial visit and hemodilution (n = 13). An advancement of 2 or more lines on the logarithmic visual acuity chart was noted in 10 cases (44%) in the rtPA group and in 3 subjects (14%) in the early-phase hemodilution group, whereas only 1 patient in the late-phase hemodilution group showed a comparable improvement. Our findings suggest that treatment with low-dose rtPA or hemodilution aimed at early restoration of blood flow has the potential to improve the visual prognosis in ischemic CRVO. The finding that thrombolysis had a favorable outcome supports the hypothesis that specific subgroups of patients may benefit from this therapeutic approach. Further investigation will be required to definitively prove the effectiveness of fibrinolytic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Hattenbach@em.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Hattenbach
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wellermann
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Steinkamp
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Scharrer
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohrloff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006400:Hematocrit; D006438:Hemodilution / Q000379:methods*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012169:Retinal Vein / Q000473:pathology; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator