title: Primary laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters in children and young adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters in children often requires suturing of the catheter into the pelvis. We describe our experience with a gasless laparoscopy technique in children and young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  During an 18-month period, 12 patients (mean age, 14 years) underwent primary laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters. A single umbilical port was used for abdominal wall elevation, telescope, and catheter. A needleholder was introduced via an accessory port at the future catheter exit site or through the umbilical port. Omentectomy was performed through the umbilical incision. The catheter was tunneled to the lateral abdominal wall. Follow-up data (>/= 15 months) included time to initiation of dialysis, hospitalization, and outcome. End points were cure, transplantation, or death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diet was started on the day of surgery and dialysis on the following day. Four patients had seven complications, including leakage and entanglement of the catheter in tubal fimbriae. Long-term revision-free catheter survival was 67% at 24 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This minimal access technique for primary placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters includes securing of the catheter tip in a dependent location and omentectomy. It allows nearly immediate use of the catheter, leads to a minimal hospital stay, and has acceptable long-term patency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, Brown University School of Medicine and Hasbro Children's Hospital, 2 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lessin
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Luks
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Brem
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wesselhoeft
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis