title: Renal medullary carcinoma: prolonged remission with chemotherapy, immunohistochemical characterisation and evidence of bcr/abl rearrangement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), an extremely rare tumour of the kidney, carries a dismal prognosis, with no reports to date of significant response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. A case of this tumour in a male child, who showed a dramatic response to chemotherapy, is described.
  
  
  METHODS
  A detailed histological evaluation of the tumour and cytogenetic analysis using fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) was carried out. The child was treated with multiagent chemotherapy, followed by abdominal radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical portrait of this tumour is described, and FISH studies confirmed the presence of a bcr/abl rearrangement. The child obtained complete radiological remission following chemotherapy, although he later relapsed and died of progressive disease despite further attempts at treatment with chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there are no previous reports of response of this tumour to chemotherapy, this case illustrates that treatment of this disease is justified. The responses of other cases to similar drug regimens would be of interest to confirm whether the encouraging response described for this case could be reproduced. Cytogenetic analysis of other cases of RMC may clarify whether the abnormalities seen in this case are typical.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stahlschmidt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cullinane
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Picton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D012074:Remission Induction; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl