title: Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates transcription of the ApoCIII gene. Involvement of the orphan nuclear receptor HNF4.
abstract: The transcriptional regulation of the apoCIII gene by hormonal and metabolic signals plays a significant role in determining plasma triglyceride levels. In the current work we demonstrate that the apoCIII gene is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway. In HepG2 cells, repression of MAP kinase activity by treatment with the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor PD98059 caused a 5-8-fold increase in apoCIII transcriptional activity. Activation of MAP kinase by phorbol ester treatment caused a 3-5-fold reduction in apoCIII transcription. The region of the apoCIII promoter responsible for this regulation was mapped in transiently transfected HepG2 cells to a 6-base pair element located at -740. The major protein binding to this site was identified as the nuclear hormone receptor HNF4. An increase in HNF4 mRNA and protein levels was observed in HepG2 cells after treatment with PD98059, indicating that the MAP kinase pathway regulates the expression of the HNF4 gene. These findings demonstrate that the apoCIII gene can be regulated by signals acting through the MAP kinase pathway and that this regulation is mediated, at least in part, by changes in the amount of HNF4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Parke-Davis Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: X q
authors.initials: Xq
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oxender
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kust
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leff
mesh_terms: D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001056:Apolipoproteins C / Q000235:genetics*; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001056:Apolipoproteins C; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; C403128:MLX protein, human; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one