title: The validity of ratings of perceived exertion for cross-modal regulation of swimming intensity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the use of Borg's category Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale for prescribing and self-regulating swimming intensity. Subjects were males and females (n = 19) ages nineteen to fifty-eight who regularly swam for fitness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects completed six trials. Each trial was separated by a minimum of forty-eight hours. Mean cycle ergometry heart rates at estimated RPE-overall 12 and 16 were compared to mean swimming heart rates at produced RPE-overall 12 and 16. Also, mean arm ergometry heart rates at estimated RPE-arms 12 and 16 were compared to mean swimming heart rates at produced RPE-arms 12 and 16. Cycling and arm ergometry anchor trials familiarized subjects with testing protocol and Borg's scale prior to estimation and production trials. Comparisons were made using a one-way ANOVA (alpha 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean cycling heart rate at RPE-overall 16 was not significantly different from mean swimming heart rate at RPE-overall 16. Mean swimming heart rate was significantly greater than cycling heart rate at RPE-overall 12. Mean swimming heart rates at RPE-arms 12 and 16 were significantly greater than arm ergometry heart rates at RPE-arms 12 and 16.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that RPE-overall 16 may be useful in prescribing a higher exercise intensity for swimmers. However, adjustments from RPE-overall 12 are needed for establishing a lower intensity. Additionally, arm ergometry-based RPEs may require adjustments to be effective in prescribing and regulating swimming intensity. Results suggest that cycling and arm ergometry anchored RPE responses should be used with discretion when prescribing and regulating swimming intensity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Safety, Middle Tennessee State University, Memphis, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005082:Physical Exertion; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*