title: The EL sampler: a press sampler for the quantitative estimation of dermal exposure to pesticides in housedust.
abstract: Indirect sampling techniques to estimate dermal exposure to pesticides on housedust-laden indoor surfaces should demonstrate collection efficiencies, for both particles and pesticide residues, which are similar to those that would adhere to the human skin. A spring-loaded press sampler has been developed that approximated the particle- and pesticide-collection efficiencies of a hand press of a human participant. Particle-collection efficiencies for the hand press and EL sampler, using housedust sieved to <250 microm in diameter, indicated that both sampling techniques collected similar particle fractions over the range of particle sizes. Pesticide-collection efficiencies measured on the participants hand (seven paired tests) were 42+/-7% atrazine, 29+/-8% diazinon, 43+/-8% malathion and 21+/-5% chlorpyrifos. The EL sampler collected 35+/-5%, 31+/-3%, 32+/-5% and 18+/-3% respectively. The collection efficiencies of the two sampling techniques were highly correlated for atrazine, diazinon, and chlorpyrifos (correlation coefficient=0.840, 0.815, and 0.706), but not for malathion (correlation coefficient=0.086).
authors.affiliation: Joint Graduate Program In Exposure Measurement and Assessment, Rutgers University and The University Of Medicine And Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lioy
mesh_terms: D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010316:Particle Size; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D012016:Reference Values; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D010573:Pesticide Residues