title: IkappaBepsilon-deficient mice: reduction of one T cell precursor subspecies and enhanced Ig isotype switching and cytokine synthesis.
abstract: Three major inhibitors of the NF-kappaB/Rel family of transcription factors, IkappaBalpha, IkappaBbeta, and IkappaBepsilon, have been described. To examine the in vivo role of the most recently discovered member of the IkappaB family, IkappaBepsilon, we generated a null allele of the murine IkappaBepsilon gene by replacement of all coding sequences with nlslacZ. Unlike IkappaBalpha nullizygous mice, mice lacking IkappaBepsilon are viable, fertile, and indistinguishable from wild-type animals in appearance and histology. Analysis of beta-galactosidase expression pattern revealed that IkappaBepsilon is mainly expressed in T cells in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Flow cytometric analysis of immune cell populations from the bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes did not show any specific differences between the wild-type and the mutant mice, with the exception of a reproducible 50% reduction of the CD44-CD25+ T cell subspecies. The IkappaBepsilon-null mice present constitutive up-regulation of IgM and IgG1 Ig isotypes together with a further increased synthesis of these two isotypes after immunization against T cell-dependent or independent Ags. The failure of observable augmentation of constitutive nuclear NF-kappaB/Rel-binding activity is probably due to compensatory mechanisms involving IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta, which are up-regulated in several organs. RNase-mapping analysis indicated that IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1Ra, and IL-6 mRNA levels are constitutively elevated in thioglycolate-elicited IkappaBepsilon-null macrophages in contrast to GM-CSF, G-CSF, and IFN-gamma, which remain undetectable.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biologie Moléculaire de l'Expression Génique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité de Recherche Associée 1773, Paris, France. symemet@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mémet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laouini
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Epinat
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Whiteside
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goudeau
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Philpott
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kayal
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sansonetti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berche
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanellopoulos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Israël
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000276:immunology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008934:Mitogens; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008934:Mitogens; C491366:Nfkbie protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha