title: Phosphorylation of the invariant chain by protein kinase C regulates MHC class II trafficking to antigen-processing compartments.
abstract: The invariant chain (Ii) plays a critical role in the transport of newly synthesized class II molecules to endosomal Ag-processing compartments. Of the two major isoforms of human Ii, only Ii-p35 is phosphorylated in vivo, and inhibiting Ii phosphorylation inhibits the trafficking of newly synthesized class II molecules to Ag-processing compartments. We now report that a member of the protein kinase C family of serine/threonine kinases is responsible for the constitutive phosphorylation of 50% of the total cellular pool of Ii-p35 in a wide variety of APCs, including B lymphocytes, PBMC, immature dendritic cells, and mature dendritic cells. Stimulation of protein kinase C activity in APCs significantly enhanced the kinetics of degradation of class II-associated Ii in Ag-processing compartments and the binding of antigenic peptides to these class II molecules. In cells expressing an Ii-phosphorylation mutant, trafficking of class II molecules to endosomes was impaired and Ii proteolysis was inhibited, demonstrating a direct effect of Ii phosphorylation on MHC class II trafficking. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation of Ii in APCs alters the kinetics of trafficking of newly synthesized class II molecules to lysosomal Ag-processing compartments.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bergstralh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blauvelt
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Roche
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000276:immunology; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C045084:invariant chain; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate