title: Phase III clinical trial of the combination of cisplatin, dacarbazine, and carmustine with or without tamoxifen in patients with advanced malignant melanoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A prospective randomized phase III clinical trial was conducted to assess whether the addition of tamoxifen (TAM) to the three-agent regimen of cisplatin (CDDP), dacarbazine (DTIC), and carmustine (BCNU) significantly increased the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with advanced malignant melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with CDDP + DTIC + BCNU (CDB) with or without TAM. The dose schedule was CDDP 25 mg/m(2) given intravenously (IV) for 30 to 45 minutes in 500 mL of dextrose and (1/2) normal saline (NS) on days 1 to 3 of a 3-week cycle; DTIC 220 mg/m(2) IV for 1 hour in 500 mL of dextrose and (1/2) NaCl on days 1 to 3 of a 3-week cycle; BCNU 150 mg/m(2) IV for 2 to 3 hours in 750 to 1,000 mL of dextrose and 5% water on day 1 of every odd 3-week cycle; and TAM 20 mg taken orally every morning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 184 eligible patients enrolled. These patients were observed until death or for a minimum of 1.3 years. At last contact, 12 were still alive. The median time to progression was 3.4 months on the CDB arm and 3.1 months on the CDB + TAM arm. The median survival time was 6.8 months with CDB and 6.9 months with CDB + TAM. Progression-free survival (P =.429) and overall survival (P =.545) were not found to differ by treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of TAM to this three-agent regimen of CDB was not found to provide a meaningful clinical advantage in the treatment of patients with advanced malignant melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, and Duluth Community Clinical Oncology Program, Duluth, MN 55905, USA. creagan.edward@mayo.edu
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Creagan
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Suman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pitot
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Veeder
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vukov
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krook
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Michalak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013629:Tamoxifen; D003606:Dacarbazine; D002945:Cisplatin; D002330:Carmustine