title: Brief periods of hyperphagia cause renal injury in the obese Zucker rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Female obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats are maximally hyperphagic from the beginning of access to solid food until 20 weeks of age and die primarily from renal failure. We documented that urinary albumin excretion (UAE) rises early in obese rats during this time of greatest hyperphagia. This study was conducted to examine if this early surge of hyperphagia is critical to the initiation of glomerular damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of six-week-old rats were used: (a) obese females fed ad libitum (AL-obese), (b) obese females pair fed to lean controls until 21 weeks and then allowed to eat ad libitum until 57 weeks (PF. AL-obese), (c) lean (Fa/Fa) Zucker rats fed ad libitum (AL-lean). Cohorts of AL-obese and PF.AL-obese rats were allowed to continue to death or 57 weeks of age, and the rest were terminated at 21 weeks for renal histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 21 weeks, neither PF.AL-obese nor AL-lean rats had elevated UAE or glomerular histopathology. In contrast, glomerular injury was severe in AL-obese rats. UAE increased by 10 and 29 weeks in AL- and PF.AL-obese rats, respectively. Plasma triglycerides increased prior to UAE in both PF. AL- and AL-obese rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In obese rats fed ad libitum, hyperphagia is followed within a few weeks by hypertriglyceridemia and then by glomerular injury regardless of when ad libitum feeding is initiated. These events do not occur in lean rats or in obese rats pair fed to lean rats. Protective effects of pair feeding did not extend into the period of ad libitum feeding for PF.AL-obese rats. Hyperphagia quickly initiates glomerular injury in obese female Zucker rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, USA.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gades
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Goor
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kaysen
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000473:pathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol