title: Long-term prescribing of proton pump inhibitors in general practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) constitute the largest sector of the National Health Service (NHS) community drugs bill (238 m Pounds; 5.6%). Little is known of the long-term prescribing component of this.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the extent, the reasons for, and the cost implications of the long-term prescription of PPIs in general practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects on long-term therapy were identified by searches of computerized and paper records from three practices, comprising 21 GPs with 46,650 patients, representing a population cross section in north-east England.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and nine (0.45%) patients were on long-term PPIs (range between practices = 0.3% to 0.55%): 87% were on omeprazole, 13% lansoprazole; average age = 60 years (male = 56 years, female = 64 years; range = 14 to 91 years); male to female ratio = 47:53. The main indications were 'reflux' (39%), 'oesophagitis' (17%), non-specified 'dyspepsia' (24%), 'peptic ulcer' (8%). During the study year, 1952 prescriptions (28-day courses) were issued: a mean of nine per patient (range = 1 to 8). Sixteen per cent of patients requested fewer than six prescriptions, 27% requested between six and nine prescriptions, and only 21% requested sufficient prescriptions for the entire year. The average cost was 3707 Pounds per general practitioner per annum, or 320,000 Pounds for the district, representing 40% of the total PPI bill.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of the total population, 0.45% were prescribed long-term PPIs; most for symptom relief. The long-term component comprised 40% of all PPI costs estimated at 100 million Pounds per annum for the United Kingdom. Most patients took their treatment only intermittently. More research is needed into strategies for rationalization of long-term PPI therapy. For most patients, doctors can advise on-demand rather than regular once-daily therapy.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Studies, University of Durham.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hungin
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: O'Flanagan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016527:Drug Costs; D004739:England; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
chemical_list: D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors