Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture.
The novel alkaloid thalictroidine (1), as well as the known alkaloids taspine (2), magnoflorine (3), anagyrine (4), baptifoline (5), 5,6-dehydro-alpha-isolupanine (6), alpha-isolupanine (7), lupanine (8), N-methylcytisine (9), and sparteine (10), were identified from an extract of Caulophyllum thalictroides rhizomes. N-Methylcytisine exhibited teratogenic activity in the rat embryo culture (REC), an in vitro method to detect potential teratogens. The structure of 1 was elucidated using various spectroscopic methods, primarily by NMR techniques. Thalictroidine, anagyrine, and alpha-isolupanine were not teratogenic in the REC at tested concentrations. Taspine (2) showed high embryotoxicity, but no teratogenic activity, in the REC.
Kennelly
E J
EJ
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 200 C Street SW, Washington, D.C. 20204, USA. kennelly@alpha.lehman.cuny.edu
Flynn
T J
TJ
Mazzola
E P
EP
Roach
J A
JA
McCloud
T G
TG
Danford
D E
DE
Betz
J M
JM
D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D013723:Teratogens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D000470:Alkaloids; D013723:Teratogens