title: Insulin lispro (Lys(B28), Pro(B29) in the treatment of diabetes during the fasting month of Ramadan. Ramadan Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare insulin lispro with soluble human insulin in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan, with respect to the rate of hypoglycaemic episodes and postprandial blood glucose values after the main meal after sunset.
  
  
  METHODS
  The insulins were compared in an open-label, randomized, cross-over study of 70 outpatients. Hypoglycaemic episodes were recorded by the patients in a self-monitoring diary. Fasting, 1-h and 2-h postprandial blood glucose values were recorded by the patient on three consecutive days at the end of each treatment period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fasting blood glucose values before sunrise (P>0.4) and after sunset (P>0.6) were similar and did not differ significantly between both treatment groups. The rise in blood glucose after the main meal after sunset was 3.0+/-0.4 mmol/l after 1 h in the insulin lispro treatment group compared to 4.3+/-0.4 mmol/l in the soluble insulin treatment group (P<0.01), and 2.6+/-0.4 mmol/l after 2h with insulin lispro compared to 4.0+/-0.5 mmol/l with soluble insulin (P<0.008). Mean hypoglycaemic episodes per patient over 14 days were 1.3+/-0.1 vs. 2.6+/-0.2, P<0.002, respectively, for insulin lispro and soluble insulin. Most hypoglycaemic episodes occurred during the time period from 6 h after the before sunrise meal until breaking the fast after sunset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significantly lower rate of hypoglycaemic episodes combined with better control of postprandial blood glucose suggest insulin lispro may be more suitable prandial insulin for patients treated with Type 2 diabetes who fast during Ramadan.
authors.affiliation: Akram Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akram
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Verga
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro