title: Nitric oxide synthase type 2 promoter polymorphisms, nitric oxide production, and disease severity in Tanzanian children with malaria.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in host resistance to infection with a variety of organisms. Two recent reports from Gabon and Gambia identified associations of malaria disease severity with the inducible NO synthase (NOS2) promoter G-954C and short allele (<11 repeats) pentanucleotide microsatellite polymorphisms, respectively. It was postulated that there would be a correlation of these polymorphisms with malaria disease severity and with measures of NO production in our cohort of Tanzanian children with malaria. In Tanzanian children, 15% were heterozygous or homozygous for the G-954C polymorphism, and 13% had the short-allele microsatellite polymorphism. There was no significant correlation of either polymorphism with disease severity or with measures of NO production and NOS2 expression. Black and white Americans differed significantly in the frequencies of these polymorphisms. The various association of these gene polymorphisms with malaria severity in different populations underscores the complexity of host resistance to malaria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, VA and Duke University Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Levesque
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Anstey
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Vaughn
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Chancellor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pole
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Misukonis
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013636:Tanzania; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II