title: GnRH agonist for intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension. A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension is an extremely rare disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recently treated a case of intravenous leiomyomatosis with extension from the inferior vena cava into the right atrium. Three operations--exploratory laparotomy, debulking of the pelvic mass and resection of the intracardiac leiomyoma--were performed. Since cells of the resected leiomyomatosis were estrogen receptor positive, we postoperatively administered GnRH agonist (leuprorelin acetate) for six months to prevent regrowth of the residual mass in the pelvis. The residual mass began to enlarge immediately after cessation of leuprorelin acetate. The same medication was readministered, and regrowth of the residual mass was completely inhibited for 15 months, until this writing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous leiomyomatosis seems to be hormone dependent, as in the case of uterine leiomyomas. In the absence of total resection, functioning ovarian tissue may remain. Therefore, long-term treatment with GnRH agonist may be useful in preventing recurrence of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitsuhashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000473:pathology; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D018231:Leiomyomatosis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide