title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in surgically resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has recently been reported to be related to cancer cell invasion. This study was performed to clarify the expression of MMP-9 in surgically resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC).
  
  
  
  In 37 patients with IHCC who underwent a surgical resection, the expression of MMP-9 and the clinicopathologic characteristics of MMP-9-positive IHCC were investigated. The expression of MMP-9 was immunohistochemically detected in 16 (43%) of 37 IHCC. The patients were divided into MMP-9 (-) IHCC (n = 21), MMP-9 (+) IHCC (n = 12), and MMP-9 (++) IHCC (n = 4).
  
  
  
  The survival rate after surgical resection in patients with MMP-9 (-), (+), and (++) IHCC, was 66%, 39%, and 0% at one year, 50%, 32% and 0% at 3 years, respectively (P = .001). The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was 6 (28%) of 21 in MMP-9 (-) patients, 7 (58%) of 12 in MMP-9 (+) patients and 4 (100%) of 4 in MMP-9 (++) patients. The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis increased in proportion to an increase in the expression of MMP-9 in IHCC (P = .02). Recurrence in the lymph node was more common in patients with MMP-9 (+) and (++) cancers than in those with MMP-9 (-) cancers.
  
  
  
  The expression of MMP-9 in IHCC was a prognostic factor related to lymph node metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gion
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
chemical_list: D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9