title: Possible association of fibromyalgia with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the genotypes of the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) in patients with fibromyalgia (FM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA from 62 patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for FM and 110 healthy controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the psychopathologic state of 52 of the FM patients was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-HTTLPR genotypes in FM patients versus controls were distributed as follows: L/L 27% versus 34%, L/S 42% versus 50%, and S/S 31% versus 16%. FM patients with the S/S genotype had higher mean scores on the BDI and the SCL-90-R compared with those in the L/L and L/S groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher frequency of the S/S genotype of 5-HTT was found in FM patients compared with healthy controls. The S/S subgroup exhibited higher mean levels of depression and psychological distress. These results support the notion of altered serotonin metabolism in at least a subgroup of patients with FM.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Offenbaecher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Jonge
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Glatzeder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schoeps
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ackenheil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins