title: Costs of studying veterinary science: a national survey of fourth year veterinary students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the costs to the student of veterinary education.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was completed by 180 fourth-year veterinary students from the four veterinary schools in Australia. Frequencies and median costs were estimated using the SAS System for Windows 95.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median direct living costs were about $5000 per academic year, but were higher in Sydney and for those with additional expenses including children, pets and cars. Other costs associated with the course including text books, equipment and travel to practical work were of the order of $1000, and income foregone while doing practical work placed additional burdens on some. More than half the students from Sydney and Murdoch needed to work to provide basic necessities. Most of this work involved interaction with animals or people. The percentage of Queensland and Melbourne students needing to work was lower, 47 and 24 respectively, and fewer of those worked directly with animals or people. The students expected to repay a median of $14,000 after they graduate, with 70% of this being due to the Australian government as part of the Higher Education Contribution Scheme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although parents contributed an average of between one-third and one half of the costs of obtaining a veterinary degree, the extent of parental contributions was very uneven and almost one half of all students needed to work to provide basic necessities. The average total debt on graduation was about half the annual starting salary, but those starting the course from 1997 are subject to much higher charges, and their average debt is likely to exceed one year's salary.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Queensland. t.heath@mailbox.uq.edu.au
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Heath
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004520:Education, Veterinary / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014937:Work / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data