title: Influence of clinically used antioxidants on radiation-induced expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 on HUVEC.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of antioxidants (N-acetyl-L-cysteine [NAC] and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate [PDTC]) on radiation-induced ICAM-1 expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of ICAM-1 on HUVEC was determined by flow cytometry up to 72 h after X-irradiation. Functional competence of induced ICAM-1 was assessed by adhesion experiments with human polymorphonuclear neutrophils on irradiated HUVEC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preincubation of cells with both or either NAC and PDTC was unable to reduce radiation-induced ICAM-1 expression on HUVEC. In fact, by themselves, these antioxidants induced a significant increase of ICAM-1 expression, which in comparison with a radiation dose of 7 Gy after 24h was nine times higher for PDTC, and more than double for NAC. Treatment with NAC clearly restrained TNF-alpha-induced ICAM expression on HUVEC, while preincubation of cells with PDTC showed synergistic effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of reactive oxygen intermediates in signal transduction pathways leading to ICAM-1 expression should be investigated further. Furthermore, antioxidants may exert a pro-inflammatory role, as revealed by the induction of ICAM-1 expression on endothelial cells. The inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 expression by NAC might have clinical implications because this substance is used as a radioprotector in radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiobiology, Federal Armed Forces Medical Academy, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kaffenberger
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Beuningen
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001681:Biological Assay; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; D000111:Acetylcysteine