title: Further studies on fecal parasites in antiquity.
abstract: This is a continuation study of the survival of antigenic material over the centuries using mummified human remains from the Andean area of South America. The fluorescent antibody kit from Meridian Diagnostics (Cincinnati, OH) was used to identify some Cryptosporidium species and Giardia species found in feces from the intestines of mummies 500 to 3,000 years old. The specimens that were positive by direct visualization using fluorescent antibody were then tested with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reaction using a Meridian kit just released on the market. Since all of the feces used were formed, it would seem that the organisms found were from carriers rather than active cases of disease. Similar fecal specimens were shown to harbor antigens from Helicobacter pylori almost 3,000 years old.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23237, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gerszten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000266:history* / Q000469:parasitology; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology*; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D005872:Giardia / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000266:history* / Q000469:parasitology; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000266:history*; D009106:Mummies; D010164:Paleopathology; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D013020:South America
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic