title: The synergistic transactivation of the hepatitis B viral (HBV) pregenomic promoter by the E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16 E6) with HBV X protein was mediated through the AP1 site of E element in the enhancer I (EnI) in human liver cell.
abstract: Infection by HBV of a cell already infected with other viral species or vice versa has been suggested as being involved in hepatocellular carcinoma. Using the CAT assay method, we investigated the interactive roles of HBx and potentially oncogenic and transactivating viral early proteins such as Ad5 E1A, HPV-16 E6, and SV40 T ag. In the presence of HBx, only HPV-16 E6 showed significant synergistic transactivation of EnI. We further investigated the function of the HPV-16 E6 using deletion, heterologous promoter, and mutation analyses on the EnI promoter. The results showed that the synergistic effect was mediated through the AP1 site of the E element in EnI by the direct activation of AP1 and support the idea that the infection by HBV of the cell with other viral species such as HPV-16 could increase the transcription activity of the HBV and other oncogenes containing an AP1 site in the promoter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Research Center for Cell Differentiation, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Rho
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
chemical_list: C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C057628:hepatitis B virus X protein; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D011494:Protein Kinases