title: Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in infants with recurrent brief apneic episodes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apnea in an infant can be a diagnostic dilemma for the treating pediatrician. It is suggested that in some infants, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) might be a factor in the pathogenesis of apnea, although its role as a cause of apnea is still controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of GER in infants presenting with recurrent brief apneic periods.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of the medical records of all the infants who underwent prolonged esophageal pH studies for brief apneic episodes (n=105) at the Kosair Children's Hospital in the six years from January 1992 to December 1997 was performed. Infants presenting with apparent life-threatening episodes were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 105 infants, 72 (68.6%) were younger than two months of age and 22 (21%) were born preterm. Fifty of 105 infants (47.6%) had positive esophageal pH studies for acid reflux. Among infants with positive pH studies, only 21 (42%) had associated gastrointestinal or feeding complaints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GER is present in a large number of infants presenting with brief apneic episodes. Though the relationship between the two is still not fully established, GER may be a significant risk factor for such apneic episodes in infants.
authors.affiliation: Columbus Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Stephen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sisson
mesh_terms: D001049:Apnea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors