title: Immobilization of goitred gazelles (Gazella subgutterosa) and Arabian mountain gazelles (Gazella gazella) with xylazine-ketamine.
abstract: Xylazine combined with ketamine successfully immobilized free-ranging and captive goitred gazelles (Gazella subgutterosa) and Arabian mountain gazelles (Gazella gazella). One hundred thirty immobilizations were performed on 58 individuals. When administered i.m. via dart to free-ranging gazelles, xylazine (125 mg/ml) combined with ketamine (100 mg/ml) produced smooth induction and recovery. Mountain gazelles required higher dosages (11.7-15.2 mg/kg xylazine and 9.3-12.2 mg/kg ketamine) than goitred gazelles (6.8-7.4 mg/kg xylazine and 5.4-5.9 mg/kg ketamine). For manually restrained captive gazelles of both species, i.v. xylazine (11 mg/ml) combined with i.v. ketamine (44 mg/ml) immobilized the gazelles at considerably lower doses (0.4-1.0 mg/kg xylazine and 1.4-3.9 mg/kg ketamine). These anesthetic combinations are useful alternatives to ultrapotent narcotics in these gazelle species.
authors.affiliation: King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D000866:Antelopes / Q000502:physiology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007103:Immobilization; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012417:Rumen / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014991:Xylazine
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014991:Xylazine; D007649:Ketamine