title: Antibody response in individuals infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses and detection of anti-H5 antibody among household and social contacts.
abstract: The first documented outbreak of human respiratory disease caused by avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses occurred in Hong Kong in 1997. The kinetics of the antibody response to the avian virus in H5N1-infected persons was similar to that of a primary response to human influenza A viruses; serum neutralizing antibody was detected, in general, >/=14 days after symptom onset. Cohort studies were conducted to assess the risk of human-to-human transmission of the virus. By use of a combination of serologic assays, 6 of 51 household contacts, 1 of 26 tour group members, and none of 47 coworkers exposed to H5N1-infected persons were positive for H5 antibody. One H5 antibody-positive household contact, with no history of poultry exposure, provided evidence that human-to-human transmission of the avian virus may have occurred through close physical contact with H5N1-infected patients. In contrast, social exposure to case patients was not associated with H5N1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Influenza Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. jmk9@cdc.gov
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu-Primmer
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Abernathy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Au
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011200:Poultry / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; C109963:hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus