title: [Parkinson disease of juvenile onset with systemic lupus erythematosus in a pre-symptomatic stage].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parkinson's disease of juvenile onset is known to be rarely seen in clinical neurology. Occasionally it may be secondary to other pathological processes which have to be excluded by investigation of such cases, since the clinical, therapeutic and prognostic significance varies considerably depending on whether the condition is idiopathic or secondary.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the case of a patient whose illness started when she was 16 years old. She complained of rigidity, tremor and akinesia. Her condition was studied to find whether the syndrome was secondary. Thus, on four occasions, at annual visits during a period of five years, immunological changes suggestive of systemic lupus erythematous were observed. Neuroimaging, magnetic resonance and computerized axial tomography studies were completely normal on all four occasions over the five years during which the patient had annual follow-up reviews.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We considered whether the rigidity-akinesia-tremor syndrome might have been secondary to systemic lupus erythematous, due to a probable pathological focus of cerebral vasculitis, in this clinical case which we report.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Virgen de la Macarena, Sevilla, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chacón
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García-Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valencia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alegre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D004584:Electronystagmography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D001971:Bromocriptine; D007980:Levodopa