title: Effects of long-term feeding of diets containing moniliformin, supplied by Fusarium fujikuroi culture material, and fumonisin, supplied by Fusarium moniliforme culture material, to laying hens.
abstract: Beginning at 24 wk of age, control diets or diets containing 50 or 100 mg/kg moniliformin (M), 100 or 200 mg/kg fumonisin B1 (FB1), or a combination of 50 mg M and 100 mg FB1/kg of diet were fed to White Leghorn laying hens for 420 d. The hens were then fed the control diet for an additional 60 d. At the beginning of the experiment, each treatment consisted of four replicates of six hens. Egg production was reduced by approximately 50% by the end of the second 28-d laying period and remained at approximately this level for the 420 d in only the hens fed the diet containing 100 mg M/kg feed. Production returned to control levels or above within 60 d after hens were fed the control diet. Egg weights were reduced by the 100-mg M diet during the first three 28-d laying periods before returning to weights comparable with controls. The hens in this group also had significantly lower body weights than the other treatments. Mortality was minimal except in hens fed the 100 mg M/kg diet and the 100 mg FB1/kg diet, on which approximately 20% of the hens died. The hens were artificially inseminated with semen from males fed control diets, and fertility was not affected by the dietary treatments. Importantly, toxic synergy between M and FB1 was not observed for any of the parameters measured. Results indicate that laying hens may be able to tolerate relatively high concentrations of M and FB1 for long periods of time without adversely affecting health and performance. Interestingly, hens fed the 100-mg M/kg diet were able to recover when returned to control diets. The likelihood of encountering M or FB1 at these concentrations in finished feed is small.
authors.affiliation: USDA, ARS, Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, College Station, Texas 77845, USA. kubena@ffsru.tamu.edu
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Kubena
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004032:Diet; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005506:Food Contamination; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010058:Oviposition
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C008539:moniliformin; C056933:fumonisin B1