title: A new marker, black, a useful recombination suppressor, In(2)2, and a balanced lethal for chromosome 2 of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
abstract: A new marker for the second chromosome of Anopheles gambiae, black, was isolated from progeny of 60Co-irradiated mosquitoes. The black mutation increases melanization of larval setae and portions of the cuticle that are heavily sclerotized such as the saddle and head capsule. Adults have a sooty color that almost completely eliminates white banding on wings, tarsi, and palps. Fertility and general vigor of black individuals is reduced relative to wild-type; however, this does not prevent routine use for genetic crossing. The black marker was mapped to an interval on chromosome 2 between collarless and Dieldrin resistance 22 centiMorgans (cM) from collarless and 39 cM from Dieldrin resistance. We also isolated from 60Co-irradiated mosquitoes a pericentric inversion, In(2)2, that was marked with dominant alleles of the independently assorting genes collarless and Dieldrin resistance. This inversion is in coupling with the pericentric inversion 2Rd and covers approximately two-thirds of chromosome 2 from divisions 9 to 22. While inbreeding In(2)2 heterozygotes, we isolated a stock in which the inversion was in repulsion to a chromosome marked with c b DlS and an unidentified recessive lethal. This arrangement produced a useful and stable chromosome 2 balancer system that has remained intact for 26 generations without selection. These genetic tools will reduce the effort requires to isolate, among other things, the genetic factors affecting malaria parasite interactions with the mosquito host.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3724, USA.
authors.forename: M Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Benedict
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McNitt
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cornel
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005804:Genes, Lethal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*; D007814:Larva / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D005819:Genetic Markers