title: A randomized, controlled trial of the effects of remote, intercessory prayer on outcomes in patients admitted to the coronary care unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intercessory prayer (praying for others) has been a common response to sickness for millennia, but it has received little scientific attention. The positive findings of a previous controlled trial of intercessory prayer have yet to be replicated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether remote, intercessory prayer for hospitalized, cardiac patients will reduce overall adverse events and length of stay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled, double-blind, prospective, parallel-group trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private, university-associated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine hundred ninety consecutive patients who were newly admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU).
  
  
  METHODS
  At the time of admission, patients were randomized to receive remote, intercessory prayer (prayer group) or not (usual care group). The first names of patients in the prayer group were given to a team of outside intercessors who prayed for them daily for 4 weeks. Patients were unaware that they were being prayed for, and the intercessors did not know and never met the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical course from CCU admission to hospital discharge was summarized in a CCU course score derived from blinded, retrospective chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the usual care group (n = 524), the prayer group (n = 466) had lower mean +/- SEM weighted (6.35 +/- 0.26 vs 7.13 +/- 0.27; P=.04) and unweighted (2.7 +/- 0.1 vs 3.0 +/- 0.1; P=.04) CCU course scores. Lengths of CCU and hospital stays were not different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Remote, intercessory prayer was associated with lower CCU course scores. This result suggests that prayer may be an effective adjunct to standard medical care.
authors.affiliation: Mid America Heart Institute, Saint Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gowda
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Strychacz
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vacek
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forker
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: McCallister
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008923:Missouri; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012067:Religion; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome