title: [Pediatric mono-arthritis as initial manifestation of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (M. Bruton)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are different causes for knee joint effusions in children. Rheumatoid diseases and hematogenous septic arthritis are the most important differential diagnoses. It is less known that immunodeficiency syndromes may cause serous monarthritis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A case of a five years old boy with monarthritis of the knee is presented. Blood assay and specific immunologic analysis revealed a so far unknown X-linked agammaglobulinemia (M. Bruton).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In case of a monarthritis in children the orthopaedic surgeon or the pediatrician is primarily involved. For differential diagnosis X-linked agammaglobulinemia should be considered as reason for monarthritis, especially, if there are other clues to that disease in the medical history. In the case of agammaglobulinemia effusion and swelling will decrease soon after treatment with intravenous gammaglobulin.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Universitätsklinik am St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rossler
mesh_terms: D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014960:X Chromosome