title: Chloromethyl ketones inhibit interleukin-12 production in mouse macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) plays a pivotal role in the development of T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of N-alpha-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and N-alpha-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), serine protease inhibitors, on the production of IL-12 from macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TPCK and TLCK potently inhibited this LPS-induced IL-12 production in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of TPCK and TLCK on the IL-12 p40 promoter activation was analyzed by transfecting monocytic RAW264.7 cells with p40 promoter-reporter constructs. The repressive effect maps to a region in the p40 promoter containing a binding site for NFkappaB (p40-kappaB). A linker scan mutant of the p40-kappaB site abrogates the inhibitory effect on the p40 promoter, confirming the functional relevance of the NFkappaB site. Our results show that TPCK and TLCK inhibit NFkappaB-mediated IL-12 production in macrophages. reserved.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014107:Tosyllysine Chloromethyl Ketone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014108:Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D018664:Interleukin-12; D014107:Tosyllysine Chloromethyl Ketone; D014108:Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone