title: Dendritic cell maturation and subsequent enhanced T-cell stimulation induced with the novel synthetic immune response modifier R-848.
abstract: Agents that enhance dendritic cell maturation can enhance T-cell activation and therefore may improve the efficiency of vaccines or improve cellular immunotherapy. Previously, we demonstrated that a novel low-molecular-weight synthetic immune response modifier, R-848, induces IL-12 and IFN-alpha secretion from monocytes and macrophages. Here we report that R-848 induces the maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Characteristic of dendritic cell maturation, R-848 treatment induces cell surface expression of CD83 and increases cell surface expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and HLA-DR. Additionally, R-848 induces cytokine (IL-6, IL-12, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha) and chemokine (IL-8, MIP-1alpha, MCP-1) secretion from dendritic cells. Most significantly, R-848 enhances dendritic cell antigen presenting function, as measured by increased T-cell proliferation and T-cell cytokine secretion in both allogeneic and autologous T-cell systems. Consequently, low-molecular-weight synthetic molecules such as R-848 and its derivatives may be useful as vaccine adjuvants or as ex vivo stimulators of dendritic cells for cellular immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, 3M Pharmaceuticals, 3M Center, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55144-1000, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ahonen
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Pederson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lindh
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tomai
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vasilakos
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D007093:Imidazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C402365:resiquimod