title: A comparison of the therapeutic effectiveness of gastrin neutralisation in two human gastric cancer models: relation to endocrine and autocrine/paracrine gastrin mediated growth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrin is a growth factor for established tumours.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the therapeutic effect of antibodies, raised against the Gastrimmune immunogen, which neutralise the glycine extended and carboxy amidated forms of gastrin 17 in two human gastric cancer models.
  
  
  METHODS
  MGLVA1 cells (which have a gastrin autocrine/paracrine phenotype) and ST16 cells (which have an endocrine phenotype) were injected into the peritoneal cavity of SCID mice. Peritoneal tumours, ascites, and cachexia formation occurred, with the monitored endpoint being morbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In MGLVA1 cells, intravenous administration of antibodies raised against Gastrimmune increased the 50% median survived by 25% at three different initial cell seeding concentrations (1 x 10(6)-5 x 10(5) per mouse). In ST16 cells, the effect of Gastrimmune induced antibodies on time to morbidity was greatest at the lowest cell seeding concentration (5 x 10(5) cells/mouse) with the 50% median survival increased by 74% and overall survival achieved in 38% of the mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastrimmune may have potential therapeutic benefit on gastrin sensitive gastric tumours and may interact with both endocrine and autocrine mediated growth pathways.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Cancer Studies, Department of Surgery, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varro
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Michaeli
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005755:Gastrins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D005755:Gastrins; C482698:gastrin immunogen