title: Serum ionized magnesium and calcium and sex hormones in healthy young men: importance of serum progesterone level.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the serum concentrations of the sex hormones with respect to the concentrations of the biologically active fractions of magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) in healthy young men and to compare them with those in young and older women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  An academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five healthy young male volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of the sex steroid hormones testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, and levels of ionized Ca (Ca2+) and Mg (Mg2+) were measured in the serum of healthy young men. These levels were compared with those in young women at different phases of the menstrual cycle and with those in older women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Mg2+ and total Mg concentrations in young men were not different from those during the follicular phase in young women or from the mean concentrations in menopausal women. The Ca2+ levels in young men were similar to the levels in young women during the follicular phase but significantly lower than the levels in older women. The Mg2+ concentration in the young men was directly and significantly related to the progesterone level, and the Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio was inversely related to the progesterone level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progesterone may be a more important steroid hormone in men than previously believed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn, 11203, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muneyyirci-Delale
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dalloul
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Nacharaju
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Altura
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Altura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium