title: Cholesterol-lowering activity of naringenin via inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase in rats.
abstract: The effects of dietary supplementation of a citrus bioflavonoid, naringenin, on the cholesterol metabolism were studied. For 42 days male rats were fed a 1% (wt/wt) high-cholesterol diet with or without a naringenin supplementation (0.1%, wt/wt) to study its effect on plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid contents, activities of hepatic acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and the excretion of fecal neutral sterols. Naringenin did not significantly alter the concentration of plasma triglycerides, but lowered the plasma cholesterol (3.80 vs. 3.12 mmol/l) concentration and the hepatic cholesterol content (70.3 vs. 54.0 mg/g) significantly (p < 0.05) compared to those of the controls. HMG-CoA reductase (1,879.0 vs. 1,715.0 pmol/min/mg) and ACAT activities (806.0 vs. 563.0 pmol/min/mg) were significantly lower in the naringenin-supplemented group than in controls. Naringenin supplementation caused a marked decrease in the excretion of fecal neutral sterols (242.9 mg/day) compared to the controls (521.9 mg/day). These results show that naringenin lowers the plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations by suppressing HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005243:Feces; D044950:Flavanones; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D044950:Flavanones; D005419:Flavonoids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D013261:Sterols; D002784:Cholesterol; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase; C005273:naringenin