title: Patterns of gastritis in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cause of inflammation in cardiac mucosa at the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) is unclear, both gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and Helicobacter pylori having been implicated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe patterns of gastritis in patients with symptomatic GORD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 150 patients (126 normally located Z-line, 24 Barrett's oesophagus) with symptoms of GORD, biopsies were taken of the GOJ, corpus, and antrum. Inflammation was assessed using the updated Sydney System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the 126 patients with a normally located Z-line, biopsies of the GOJ revealed cardiac mucosa in 96, fundic mucosa in 29, and squamous mucosa in one. Inflammation in glandular mucosa at the GOJ was present in 99/125 specimens (79%), including 87/96 (91%) with cardiac mucosa and 12/29 (41%) with fundic mucosa. Inflammation in fundic mucosa was closely related to H pylori and active inflammation was only seen in its presence. Inflammation in cardiac mucosa was less closely linked to H pylori. When H pylori was present in cardiac mucosa (28/96, 29%) active inflammation was usually present (25/28, 89%). However, active inflammation was also found in 34/68 (50%) cardiac mucosa specimens without H pylori. Overall, 28/87 (32%) biopsies with carditis were colonised with H pylori and 59/87 (68%) were not. In H pylori colonised patients, inflammation was seen throughout the stomach, while in non-colonised patients, it was confined to cardiac mucosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with symptomatic GORD had a high prevalence of carditis. This was of two types, H pylori associated and unassociated. Except on Giemsa staining, the two were morphologically identical, suggesting mediation by a similar immunological mechanism.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bowrey
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002299:Cardia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged