title: Beta-catenin mutations are frequent in human hepatocellular carcinomas associated with hepatitis C virus infection.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common fatal cancers worldwide. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, exposure to aflatoxin, and excessive intake of alcohol have been identified as major risk factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their development are still poorly understood. Recently, beta-catenin, one of the key components of the Wnt signaling pathway, has been found to be mutated in about 20% of HCCs, suggesting a role of the Wnt pathway in their development. In this study, we examined beta-catenin and APC mutations in 22 HCCs associated with HCV infection, using single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) followed by direct DNA sequencing. beta-Catenin mutations were found in nine (41%) cases, but no APC mutations were found. beta-Catenin immunohistochemistry revealed nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin protein in all nine tumors with a beta-catenin mutation and two additional tumors without a mutation. These results suggest that activation of the Wnt signaling pathway by beta-catenin mutation contributes significantly to the hepatocellular carcinogenesis associated with HCV infection.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Pathology, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sankila
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Mahler-Araujo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cathomas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohgaki
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017491:Genes, APC; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin