title: Surgical treatment of lung metastases: prognostic factors for long-term survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical resection of lung metastases is an established therapy for a large number of primary tumors, but there is some controversy about prognostic factors for long-term survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1968 to 1996, we performed a retrospective review of a series of 85 patients (100 operations) that have been operated for resection of lung metastases. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the probabilities of survival, the log-rank test for the univariate analysis of prognostic factors for survival, and the Cox model in the subsequent multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operative mortality was 4% and the morbidity 18%. The mean follow-up after lung resection was 22.13 months (1-146). The actuarial 5-year survival rate was 29.2%. By univariate analysis, the following factors were associated with survival after resection: location and histology of the primary tumor, greatest dimension of the largest metastasis, radicality of the resection, involvement of the resection margins, and use of adjuvant therapy (P < 0.05). After multivariate analysis, only the dimension of the metastases and involvement of surgical margins have been found to be independently associated with survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical excision is a safe and effective therapy for lung metastases from a large number of primary tumors, provided a complete resection is feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia Francisco Gentil-Centro de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. nop479762@mail.telepac.pt
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abecasis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bettencourt
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orvalho
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Almeida
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D017741:Survivors