title: A phase II study of cisplatin, ifosfamide and doxorubicin in operable primary, axial skeletal and metastatic osteosarcoma. European Osteosarcoma Intergroup (EOI).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite advances in the treatment of primary limb osteosarcoma, the outcome of patients with primary metastatic and axial skeletal disease remains poor. The European Osteosarcoma Intergroup have assessed a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of ifosfamide (IFOS) 3 g/m2/dl-2, doxorubicin (DOX) 25 mg/m2/dl-3 i.v. bolus and cisplatin (CDDP) 100 mg/m2/dl.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred nine previously untreated patients with primary osteosarcoma were registered. Eligibility was confirmed in 103. At presentation, 45 eligible patients had metastatic disease, 15 axial skeletal primary tumours and 43 non-metastatic limb tumours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The major toxicities were myelosuppression (90%, grade 3 or 4) and nausea and vomiting (74%, grade 3 or 4). Overall mean relative dose intensity (RDI) was 80% (88% CDDP, 75% IFOS, 81% DOX). Clinical response as measured by reduction in tumour volume occurred in 36% (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 27%-47%) of primary tumours. Response of pulmonary metastases to chemotherapy was seen in 33% (95% CI: 19%-49%). Good histological response (> or = 90% necrosis of the tumour) occurred in 33% (95% CI: 22%-45%) of resected tumours. Five-year survival was 62% in limb-non-metastatic, 41% in axial skeletal and 16% in limb metastatic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This regimen is active in osteosarcoma but does not appear to be more active than the two-drug CDDP-DOX regimen currently recommended by EOI.
authors.affiliation: Emma Kinderziekenhuis, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Voûte
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Souhami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nooij
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Somers
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cortés-Funes
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van der Eijken
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pringle
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hogendoorn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Uscinska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Glabbeke
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Machin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weeden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide