title: Analgesia in soft-tissue injury: current practice in Auckland is not supported by the available evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document current prescribing habits and attitudes of doctors in the Auckland region towards analgesic medication for soft-tissue injury and determine whether the available evidence supports this practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of 573 doctors in the Auckland region was conducted. There was a 71.4% response rate. The clinical and experimental evidence concerning non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory (NSAID) use in soft-tissue injury was reviewed. The side-effect profiles of NSAIDs were reviewed, with emphasis on the incidence of gastrointestinal side-effects when NSAIDs are prescribed for short periods and evidence implicating adverse renal effects on healthy exercising adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most doctors ranked NSAIDs more effective than paracetamol (70.4%, p<0.01). NSAIDs were the most prescribed single analgesic agents (47.8%, p<0.0001). Diclofenac was the NSAID of choice for 69.8% of doctors, who used NSAIDs (p<0.001). The incidence of gastrointestinal side-effects for short-term use of NSAIDs in acute soft tissue was 11%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available evidence does not support the belief by the doctors surveyed that NSAIDs are more effective than paracetamol in soft-tissue injury. NSAIDs delay, but do not prevent the inflammatory response in injured tissue and may expose athletes to an increased risk of re-injury by delaying healing. Significant adverse effects do occur in previously healthy patients who receive NSAIDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Auckland Hospital.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004008:Diclofenac; D000082:Acetaminophen