title: The regulation and enforcement of federal nursing home standards, 1991-1997.
abstract: This article reports historical trend data on resident characteristics and conditions, problems, and deficiency patterns for nursing facilities from 1991 through 1997 from Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) administrative records from the On-Line Survey, Certification, and Reporting System (OSCAR). Over this period, residents show some increases in dependency and conditions, although there was a decline in the use of restraints. The deficiencies reveal continued quality problems in some nursing homes, although the average number of deficiencies given to facilities declined by 44 percent between 1991 and 1997. The discussion considers possible explanations for the decline in deficiencies, including whether the quality of care in nursing homes has improved or whether the enforcement process has gradually been weakened.
authors.affiliation: University of California, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carrillo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D014487:Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005161:Facility Regulation and Control; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018166:Health Care Reform; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D014481:United States