title: MRI-derived left ventricular function parameters and mass in healthy young adults: relation with gender and body size.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain normal values of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and LV mass, in relation to gender, weight (W), length (L) and body surface area (BSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one healthy volunteers (32 male, 22.4 +/- 2.2 years) were examined, weight was 70.9 +/- 12.2 kg, length was 1.78 +/- 0.09 m, BSA was 1.88 +/- 0.19 m2. Segmented k-space breathhold cine MRI was used to obtain a stack of parallel short-axis images, from which LV volumes and end-diastolic mass were derived by slice summation. Four different body size indices were studied: W, L, L2 and BSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After indexing for L, L2 and BSA, the gender differences in all LV parameters are still persisting. After indexing for W, gender differences persist for EDV and EDM, but are no longer observed for SV and CO. Separate regression analyses for males and females were performed. EDV, SV, CO and EDM correlated significantly with each body size index, both in males and in females. L or BSA were in general better predictors for LV parameters than W. Linear regression equations of EDV (ml) vs. L(m) were for males: EDV = 275 x L - 359 and for females: EDV = 190 x L - 215. Equations of SV(ml) vs. L were for males: SV = 186 x L - 237 and for females: SV = 118 x L - 121. Equations of LV mass(g) vs. L were for males: Mass = 175 x L - 179 and for females: Mass = 65.8 x L - 10.9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most gender differences in LV parameters remain even after correction for body size indices. Normal reference values for LV parameters are given in relation to body size indices, by calculating regression coefficients separately for males and females. These normal values serve to obtain more accurate reference values for a patient with given gender, weight and length, and thus to improve the differentiation between normal and abnormal LV parameters.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Clinical Physics and Informatics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: DeWaal
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Götte
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van der Geest
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Heethaar
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Van Rossum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001824:Body Constitution; D002302:Cardiac Output; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left