Either a CD4(+)or CD8(+)T cell function is sufficient for clearance of infectious virus from trigeminal ganglia and establishment of herpes simplex virus type 1 latency in mice.
Following ocular infection of normal mice, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) with the complete absence of detectable infectious virus. In this study, the role of CD4(+)and CD8(+)T cell dependent immune responses is examined in relation to clearing infectious virus from the TG following HSV-1 ocular challenge. Nude mice, which lack T cells, and MHC(o/o)mice, which lack both MHC class I and MHC class II, were challenged ocularly with wild-type HSV-1. Over 70% of the TG from mice surviving the infection contained infectious virus, indicative of a chronic infection in these TG, rather than a latent infection. No infectious virus was detected in TGs from infected C57BL/6 parental mice. Ocular challenge of CD4(o/o)A(beta(o/o, CD8(o/o)or beta(2)m(o/o)mice resulted in latent rather than chronic infection. Similarly, when C57BL/6 mice were depleted for CD4(+)or CD8(+)T cells from 4 days before ocular challenge to 26 days after ocular challenge, no free virus was detected in TGs of challenged mice. In contrast, when mice were depleted of both their CD4(+)and CD8(+)T cells, over 90% of TGs were positive for free virus, suggesting that the lack of virus clearance was due to the combined lack of both CD4(+)T cells and CD8(+)T cells (i.e. in the presence of either CD4(+)T cells or CD8(+)T cells alone all of the infectious virus was cleared and latency was established).))
Ghiasi
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H
Ophthalmology Research, Cedars-Sinai Burns and Allen Research Institute, CSMC - Davis Bldg, Rm 5072, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
Perng
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G
Nesburn
A B
AB
Wechsler
S L
SL
D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D017735:Virus Latency