title: Vertebral deformity in chinese men: prevalence, risk factors, bone mineral density, and body composition measurements.
abstract: The prevalence and risk factors for vertebral deformity were studied in 396 community-dwelling Chinese men aged 70-79 years. Anterior to posterior (H(a)/H(p)), middle to posterior (H(m)/H(p)) and posterior to posterior (H(p)/H(p - 1) or H(p)/H(p + 1)) ratios from T5 to L5 were derived from lateral spine X-ray films, using standardized digitization methods. Using values of 3 standard deviations (SD) or more below the mean and 4 SD or more below the mean as the cutoff, 16% and 7% of these men, respectively, were deemed to have one or more deformed vertebra. Heavy cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and working as a heavy manual worker were risk factors for vertebral deformity. Men with severe vertebral deformity (VHR < mean - 4 SD below mean) had much lower body weight, fat mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) than controls. The odds ratios for severe vertebral deformity was 9.9 (95% CI 2.1-45.7) in the lowest quartile of femoral neck BMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Lek Yuen Heath Centre, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008019:Life Style; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*