title: Recombinant human CD40 ligand inhibits simian immunodeficiency virus replication: a role for interleukin- 16.
abstract: CD40 ligand (CD40L), expressed on activated T cells, binds its receptor, CD40, on dendritic cells, B cells, and monocytes/ macrophages. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals exhibit normal B-cell CD40 expression but diminished expression of CD40L on CD4 + T cells. Thus, we studied recombinant human CD40L (huCD40L) in an in vitro rhesus macaque model of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). huCD40L induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation independent of mitogenic cytokines and led to a 70% reduction in p27 production by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac239 infected PBMCs (P < 0.05). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed reduced expression of SIV gag and increased expression of interleukin (IL)-16 mRNA. Supernatants from huCD40L-stimulated PBMC and control cultures contained similar amounts of IL-16, suggesting an intracellular antiviral effect by IL-16. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBMCs similarly cultured with huCD40L showed only slight increases in chemokine production (P > 0.05). These results suggest that huCD40L inhibits replication (antigen and mRNA production) of SIVmac239. This response involves huCD40L induction of IL16 mRNA expression and appears to be independent of beta-chemokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Bucur
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Roback
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hillyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D006801:Humans; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D019410:Interleukin-16; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D023201:CD40 Ligand