title: [Villonodular synovitis of the knee in a 5-year-old child. Apropos of a case].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Case report of a five-year-old boy presenting with a painless swelling of the left knee with decreased range of motion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Joint aspiration: fluid rich in red blood cells. X-ray--CT-scan--MRI: pigmented villonodular synovitis suspected. Arthroscopy with synovectomy and biopsy confirmed diagnosis. Because of remaining swelling one month after arthroscopy, intra-articular injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide gave a good result which has been maintained after 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypothesis on etiology and pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and treatment of Pigmented villonodular synovitis are discussed based on a study of the literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a rare condition in children. Association with other congenital disorders such as polyarticular localizations and family-history have been described. The diagnosis has to be proved by a biopsy. MRI seems to be the examination which gives the best information. Surgical treatment is indicated and consists of an arthroscopic synovectomy but which is often incomplete. A postoperative injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide may be the solution to avoid recurrence of Pigmented villonodular synovitis.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Orthopédie, U.Z. Pellenberg, K.U.Leuven, Belgique.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Emelen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moens
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabry
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001182:Arthroscopy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D000074402:Synovectomy; D013586:Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; C005900:triamcinolone hexacetonide
vernacular_title: Synovite villonodulaire du genou d'un enfant de 5 ans. A propos d'un cas.