title: GSTM1, smoking and lung cancer: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We conducted a case-control study to examine the risk of lung cancer in relation to GSTM1 polymorphism and cigarette smoking (primarily of black tobacco) in a French population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 611 subjects were 301 incident lung cancer cases and 310 hospital controls. We were able to constitute a DNA bank for 547 subjects (89.5%) and gather detailed information on smoking history for all of them. Results presented here concern 247 cases and 254 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Taking non- or light smokers as the reference category, we estimated odds ratios (OR) of 4.2 (95% CI: 2.6-6.7) and 5.2 (95% CI: 3.3-8.3) for the medium and heavy smokers respectively. On the other hand we estimated that the crude OR associating GSTM1 with lung cancer was 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9-1.8). Furthermore our data do not depart significantly from a multiplicative model of the combined effects of smoking and GSTM1 deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that smoking and the GSTM1 gene are each a risk factor for lung cancer, and that their combined effect does not differ significantly from that of a multiplicative model.
authors.affiliation: Epedemiologic and Statistical Research on Environment and Health, INSERM U 170, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stücker
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Waziers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cenée
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bignon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Depierre
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Milleron
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beaune
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hémon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase