title: Kin28, the TFIIH-associated carboxy-terminal domain kinase, facilitates the recruitment of mRNA processing machinery to RNA polymerase II.
abstract: The cotranscriptional placement of the 7-methylguanosine cap on pre-mRNA is mediated by recruitment of capping enzyme to the phosphorylated carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. Immunoblotting suggests that the capping enzyme guanylyltransferase (Ceg1) is stabilized in vivo by its interaction with the CTD and that serine 5, the major site of phosphorylation within the CTD heptamer consensus YSPTSPS, is particularly important. We sought to identify the CTD kinase responsible for capping enzyme targeting. The candidate kinases Kin28-Ccl1, CTDK1, and Srb10-Srb11 can each phosphorylate a glutathione S-transferase-CTD fusion protein such that capping enzyme can bind in vitro. However, kin28 mutant alleles cause reduced Ceg1 levels in vivo and exhibit genetic interactions with a mutant ceg1 allele, while srb10 or ctk1 deletions do not. Therefore, only the TFIIH-associated CTD kinase Kin28 appears necessary for proper capping enzyme targeting in vivo. Interestingly, levels of the polyadenylation factor Pta1 are also reduced in kin28 mutants, while several other polyadenylation factors remain stable. Pta1 in yeast extracts binds specifically to the phosphorylated CTD, suggesting that this interaction may mediate coupling of polyadenylation and transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Keogh
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Greenleaf
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buratowski
mesh_terms: D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D009154:Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D012322:RNA Precursors; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C084210:Kin28 protein kinase, S cerevisiae; D012319:RNA Polymerase II