title: Lack of effect of caffeine post-treatment on X-ray-induced chromosomal aberrations in Werner's syndrome lymphoblastoid cell lines: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether in Werner's syndrome cells the G2 phase of the cell cycle has some abnormal response to post-treatment with agents such as caffeine and hydroxyurea known to interfere with cellular response to DNA damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two Werner's syndrome lymphoblastoid cell lines (KO375 and DJG) and the normal cell line SNW646 were exposed to 50 cGy of X-rays or mitomycin-C and posttreated with caffeine or hydroxyurea in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hydroxyurea post-treatment potentiated the X-ray-induced aberration levels both in the normal and Werner's syndrome (KO375 and DJG) cell lines; in contrast caffeine was only effective in the normal cell line. Similar results were observed when Werner's syndrome cells were treated in the G1 phase with the S-dependent agent mitomycin-C and post-treated with caffeine in G2, extending the observation that Werner's syndrome cells are unaffected by caffeine G2 post-treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show a lack of caffeine effect in Werner's syndrome cells, suggesting an involvement of the Werner's syndrome protein in the signal transduction pathway by which caffeine could override the DNA damage induced G2 checkpoint.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi della Tuscia-DABAC, Dipartimento di Agrobiologia ed Agrochimica, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franchitto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Proietti De Santis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pichierri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mosesso
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palitti
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014898:Werner Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D006918:Hydroxyurea