Step-down of enalapril treatment for arterial hypertension.
Enalapril treatment (20 mg every 12 hours) of 24 patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy established normal blood pressures after 8 weeks, and after 5 years, it had reduced LV mass index by 39% (from 148+/-34 to 90+/-16 g/m(2)) and had normalized LV structure and function and QT dispersion. Stepwise reduction of the enalapril dosage from 40 to 30, 20, 10, and 5 mg/d during the eighth year caused no significant change in blood pressure, LV structure, LV systolic function, or QT dispersion, which all likewise remained unaltered during an additional 2-year period of the 5-mg/d regimen. We conclude that for hypertensive patients in whom prolonged treatment with high doses of enalapril has normalized blood pressure, LV structure, LV function, and QT dispersion, the dose may be reduced as much as 8-fold without detriment to cardiovascular control. The use of smaller doses is evidently advantageous from the point of view of health costs.
González-Juanatey
J R
JR
Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. jgonzalezd@meditex.es
Reino
A P
AP
García-Acuña
J M
JM
González-Juanatey
C
C
Valdes
L
L
Cabezas-Cerrato
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004656:Enalapril; D011188:Potassium