title: The role of social desirability, negative affectivity, and female reproductive system symptoms in differences in reporting symptoms by men and women.
abstract: 52 women and 38 men completed the Inventory of Health Status, Version 2, a measure of somatic health, and the Cornell Medical Index which provided separate scores for somatic and emotional health. The Personal Style Inventory was given, from which measures of Social Desirability and Negative Affectivity were utilized. Multiple regressions were done separately with scores on the Inventory of Health Status and the Cornell Emotional component, and scores on Social Desirability, Negative Affectivity, and sex as predictors. Scores on Social Desirability and Negative Affectivity were forced into the equation first. For the Inventory of Health Status, sex alone contributed significantly to the final equation. For scores on the Cornell Index's emotional component both sex and scores on negative affectivity had significant beta weights. Analysis of items from the Inventory of Health Status was done to examine the role of symptoms pertaining to women's reproductive system, and almost all the items that differed by sex were either clearly or possibly specific female reproductive items, e.g., "Abnormal menstruation." Similar analyses were not possible for the organic component of the Cornell Index, which has different items for reproductive systems of men and women. The complexity of the female reproductive system may play a central role in sex differences in symptom reporting and perhaps of emotional distress, but other interpretations are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-KC 64110-2499, USA. sheridanc@umkc.edu
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sheridan
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mulhern
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012928:Social Desirability