Insight into prostaglandin, leukotriene, and other eicosanoid functions using mice with targeted gene disruptions.
In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the number of targeted gene disruptions performed in mice. At least 18 different gene knockouts have now been reported that have direct relevance to eicosanoid biology. These include genes that influence substrate availability (phospholipases), metabolism to eicosanoids (e.g., prostaglandin H synthases, lipoxygenases), and eicosanoid action (e.g., receptors for various prostaglandins). This minireview will outline the phenotype of these knockout mice and what has been learned about eicosanoid functions through use of this novel methodology.
Austin
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Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Stellar-Chance Labs, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Funk
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D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000235:genetics*; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000235:genetics; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000235:genetics*; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin / Q000235:genetics
D015777:Eicosanoids; D015289:Leukotrienes; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010740:Phospholipases