title: [Determination of reference ranges and effect of maternal and fetal factors on insulin and C-peptide level in umbilical cord blood].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The risks of pregnancy caused by maternal diabetes are well known. Patients with unrecognized gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represent a special problem. The aim of our study was to find out, whether the determination of insulin and C-peptide in cord blood serum offers a valuable tool for retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 600 paired serum samples from maternal venous blood and neonatal cord blood insulin and C-peptide were determined radioimmunologically. A reference group consisting of 338 mothers and their newborns was established by exclusion of all patients with known pregnancy complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive correlations could be identified between fetal insulin and fetal C-peptide, as well as correlations of these parameters with birth weight and body length, with maternal values of insulin, C-peptide, body-mass index, weight, and weight gain during pregnancy respectively. Increased levels of cord serum insulin were found in complicated pregnancies as well as in patients with previous pregnancy losses, preterm deliveries or stillbirths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cord serum insulin and C-peptide were found to be useful parameters for immediate postnatal identification of impaired glucose tolerance during the course of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Frauenklinik, Universität Rostock.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Briese
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kluge
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Friese
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koepcke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple / Q000097:blood; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin
vernacular_title: Die Ermittlung von Referenzbereichen und der Einfluss von mütterlichen und kindlichen Faktoren auf Insulin- und C-Peptidspiegel im Nabelschnurblut.