title: Paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin (TIP) chemotherapy for recurrent or persistent squamous-cell cervical cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The results of salvage chemotherapy for recurrent or persistent squamous-cell cervical cancer are unsatisfactory. Cisplatin and Ifosfamide are effective compounds in cervical cancer. Paclitaxel has recently been tested with promising results. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a combination of paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin (TIP) for persistent/recurrent squamous-cell cervical carcinoma in a phase II trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five women were treated with the TIP regimen. Thirty-one had received prior irradiation. Paclitaxel was given at a dose of 175 mg/m2, ifosfamide at a dose of 5 g/m2, and cisplatin at a dose of 75 mg/m2 (50 mg/m2 in irradiated patients) at three-week intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed 15 clinical complete responses, 15 partial responses, 9 stable diseases and 6 progressions. The objective response rate was 67% (95% confidence interval: 51%-81%). Ten complete responders underwent subsequent surgery and seven had pathology-defined complete responses (two in irradiated areas). The response rate was 52% in irradiated and 75% in non-irradiated areas. The median survival for non-responders is 6 months, 9+ month for partial responders and 13+ for complete responders. The most relevant side effect was myelotoxicity, with 91% of patients experiencing grade 3-4. One woman had life-threatening toxic effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This combination is highly effective for salvage treatment in non-irradiated patients. For irradiated women the response rate is higher than that observed with other regimens but further investigation is warranted. The toxicity is relevant but adequate hydration and prolonged infusion of ifosfamide make it acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Gerardo Hospital Monza, University of Milan, Italy. gzanetta@iol.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanetta
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balestrino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lissoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gabriele
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mangioni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012074:Remission Induction; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide