title: Aerosolization of P2Y(2)-receptor agonists enhances mucociliary clearance in sheep.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether aerosolized INS316 (UTP) stimulates lung mucociliary clearance (MCC) in sheep and, if so, to compare its effects with INS365, a novel P2Y(2)-receptor agonist. In the first series of studies, we used a previously described roentgenographic technique to measure tracheal mucus velocity (TMV), an index of MCC, before and for 4 h after aerosolization of INS316 (10(-1) M and 10(-2) M) and INS365 (10(-1) M and 10(-2) M), or normal saline in a randomized crossover fashion (n = 6). In a second series of studies, we compared the ability of these agents to enhance total lung clearance. For these tests, the clearance of inhaled technetium-labeled human serum albumin was measured serially over a 2-h period after aerosolization of 10(-1) M concentration of each agent (n = 7). Aerosolization of both P2Y(2)-receptor agonists induced significant dose-related increases in TMV (P < 0.05) compared with saline. The greatest increase in TMV was observed between 15 and 30 min after drug treatment. The highest dose (10(-1) M) of INS316 produced a greater overall stimulation of TMV than did INS365 (10(-1) M). Both compounds, compared with saline, induced a significant increase in MCC (P < 0.05) within 20 min of treatment. This enhancement in MCC began to plateau at 60 min. Although the response to INS316 started earlier, there was no significant difference between the clearance curves for the two compounds. We conclude that inhaled P2Y(2)-receptor agonists can increase lung MCC in sheep and that for P2Y(2)-receptor stimulation TMV accurately reflects changes in whole lung MCC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida 33140, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sabater
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shaffer
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: O'Riordan
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects*; D009093:Mucus / Q000378:metabolism; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D011122:Polyphosphates; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012756:Sheep; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea / Q000378:metabolism; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011122:Polyphosphates; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides; C403315:diquafosol; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate