title: Contrasting mechanisms of action and sensitivity to antipsychotics of phencyclidine versus amphetamine: importance of nucleus accumbens 5-HT2A sites for PCP-induced locomotion in the rat.
abstract: In the present study, the comparative mechanisms of action of phencyclidine (PCP) and amphetamine were addressed employing the parameter of locomotion in rats. PCP-induced locomotion (PLOC) was potently blocked by the selective serotonin (5-HT)2A vs. D2 antagonists, SR46349, MDL100,907, ritanserin and fananserin, which barely affected amphetamine-induced locomotion (ALOC). In contrast, the selective D2 vs. 5-HT2A antagonists, eticlopride, raclopride and amisulpride, preferentially inhibited ALOC vs. PLOC. The potency of these drugs and 12 multireceptorial antipsychotics in inhibiting PLOC vs. ALOC correlated significantly with affinities at 5-HT2A vs. D2 receptors, respectively. Amphetamine and PCP both dose dependently increased dialysate levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-HT in the nucleus accumbens, striatum and frontal cortex (FCX) of freely moving rats, but PCP was proportionally more effective than amphetamine in elevating levels of 5-HT vs. DA in the accumbens. Further, whereas microinjection of PCP into the accumbens elicited locomotion, its introduction into the striatum or FCX was ineffective. The action of intra-accumbens PCP, but not intra-accumbens amphetamine, was abolished by SR46349 and clozapine. Parachloroamphetamine, which depleted accumbens pools of 5-HT but not DA, likewise abolished PLOC without affecting ALOC. In contrast, intra-accumbens 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which depleted DA but not 5-HT, abolished ALOC but only partially attenuated PLOC. In conclusion, PLOC involves (indirect) activation of accumbens-localized 5-HT2A receptors by 5-HT. PLOC is, correspondingly, more potently blocked than ALOC by antipsychotics displaying marked affinity at 5-HT2A receptors.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croisy, Psychopharmacology Department, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Millan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brocco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gobert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bervoets
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rivet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Newman-Tancredi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Audinot
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maurel
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D012701:Serotonin; D000661:Amphetamine; D010622:Phencyclidine; D004298:Dopamine