title: Synthesis and in vitro anti-HIV activity in human monocyte-derived macrophages of 2-oxothiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid derivatives.
abstract: Oxidative stress and glutathione (GSH) deficit may play an important role in HIV infection pathogenesis, and oral administration of GSH-replenishing drugs such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and 2-oxothiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid (OTC) may be associated with an increased survival rate of HIV-infected patients. Nevertheless, beneficial effects of these molecules are restricted in vivo by the high concentrations that are necessary to obtain biological effects, rapid extracellular metabolization, and low availability and plasma concentrations. We synthesized OTC derivatives that are more lipophilic than OTC and theoretically able to overcome these limitations and to generate, in addition to cysteine, other substrates of the gamma-glutamyl cycle. Their antiviral effects were investigated in human HIV-1/Ba-L-infected monocyte-derived macrophages. In our experimental conditions, OTC exhibited anti-HIV-1 effects and little cytotoxicity at high doses. None of the nine tested derivatives showed higher cytotoxicity than OTC, nor anti-HIV-1/Ba-L activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, CNRS UMR 5625, Université Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oiry
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Puy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mialocq
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clayette
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fretier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaccard
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dereuddre-Bosquet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dormont
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Imbach
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D053778:Thiazolidines
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D013844:Thiazoles; D053778:Thiazolidines; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; C029536:2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid