title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of ganirelix (Antagon/Orgalutran). Part II. Dose-proportionality and gonadotropin suppression after multiple doses of ganirelix in healthy female volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the dose-proportionality and pharmacodynamic properties of multiple doses of ganirelix (Antagon/Orgalutran; NV Organon, Oss, the Netherlands).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, parallel, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phase I clinical research unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of 15 healthy female volunteers of reproductive age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subcutaneous injections of 0.125 mg, 0.25 mg, or 0.50 mg of ganirelix were given once daily for 7 days. Blood samples were taken to assess serum ganirelix, LH, FSH, and E2 concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacokinetic parameters and hormone suppression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Steady-state levels were reached between days 2 and 3. Peak concentrations, which occurred approximately 1 hour after dosing, increased in a dose-proportional manner and averaged 5.2 ng/mL, 11.2 ng/mL, and 22.2 ng/mL for the 0.125-mg, 0.25-mg, and 0.50-mg doses, respectively. Corresponding mean values for the area under the curve over one dosing interval (24 hours) were 33 ng x h/mL, 77.1 ng x h/mL, and 137.8 ng x h/mL, respectively. After the last 0.25-mg dose of ganirelix, serum LH, FSH, and E2 concentrations were maximally decreased (by 74%, 32%, and 25% at 4 hours, 16 hours, and 16 hours after injection, respectively). Serum hormone levels returned to pretreatment values within 2 days after the last injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pharmacokinetics of ganirelix were dose-proportional within the dose range studied. Multiple injections resulted in immediate suppression of gonadotropins, which was rapidly reversed after treatment discontinuation.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands. j.oberye@organon.oss.akzonobel.nl
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oberyé
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Mannaerts
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Timmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C061018:ganirelix