title: Recurrent viral associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
abstract: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with subsequent viral-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) or secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is extremely rare. A 15-month-old girl with disseminated LCH experienced three episodes of VAHS during maintenance therapy. Viral infection, with influenza A, herpes simplex, and adenovirus, respectively, was documented at each episode. She recovered each time after interruption of maintenance therapy. The occurrence of fever and pancytopenia in patients with chemotherapy-treated LCH can be associated with VAHS and not with relapsing LCH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corazza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demulder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Beers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferster
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015616:Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D008727:Methotrexate