title: Activated protein C resistance shows an association with pregnancy-induced hypertension.
abstract: A common mutation in the factor V gene, the Leiden mutation, is the most frequent genetic cause of resistance to activated protein C (APC). Recent studies have shown that the prevalence of APC resistance is associated with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Our objective was to determine whether the factor V Leiden mutation is more prevalent in patients who developed severe PIH than in normotensive pregnant women. In 70 women with a history of severe PIH, of whom 15 had pre-eclampsia, we investigated common coagulation factors as well as APC resistance (factor V related). We found that seven of these 70 women showed low values for APC. Out of these, five were heterozygous and none was homozygous for factor V Leiden mutation. In a control group of normotensive pregnant women we found a 3.0% rate of APC resistance and a 3.0% rate of carriers of the Leiden mutation. These results indicate a significantly higher prevalence of both APC resistance and factor V Leiden mutation in women with severe PIH. Placental infarctions and micro-embolisms are considered to be one of the principle pathophysiological changes in severe PIH. Our results suggest that APC resistance is a risk factor for severe PIH, in addition to its well-known role in macrothrombo-embolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Medical Faculty Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt University of Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Horstkamp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiess
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krämer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riess
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Henrich
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Dudenhausen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005165:Factor V / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017354:Point Mutation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011486:Protein C / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D011486:Protein C; C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V