Verapamil acute administration: a new dynamic test in hyperprolactinemic states.
We studied the effect of acute administration of the calcium-channel blocker verapamil (VER) in 27 patients with tumoral hyperprolactinemia ([THPRL] prolactinomas and pseudoprolactinomas). We also studied the effect of VER in seven patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia (IHPRL) and a small group of patients with normal prolactin (PRL) levels and minimal incidental anomalies shown by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study was performed on 2 separate days: on the first day, all subjects received VER, and on the second they received placebo. Acute administration of VER evoked a remarkable increase in serum PRL in IHPRL (as in normal healthy subjects used as controls), but no response was shown in THPRL, with no overlap between the two conditions. Acute administration of VER stimulated PRL secretion in patients with minimal incidental lesions shown by MRI; however, this increase was smaller in patients whose PRL level consistently reached the upper-normal limit. Although the meaning of such minimal anomalies shown by MRI is unknown, this could suggest that the test is precociously altered. To further elucidate the action of VER on lactotropes, we investigated the effect of VER given intravenously (IV) and compared different oral formulations in healthy subjects. Our data show that the VER test is effective in distinguishing between THPRL and IHPRL, but unfortunately, like other tests, it is not able to individualize patients in whom THPRL is the result of diminished dopaminergic tone (pseudoprolactinoma). From a pathophysiological point of view, calcium influx would appear less important in PRL regulation in chronic disorders of PRL secretion. VER given IV did not stimulate PRL release in normal subjects. This suggests that IV administration could produce a peak with an inadequate duration or that oral formulations may act also by metabolites formed on first-pass metabolism in the liver.
Barbaro
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D
Second Medicina Generale-Endocrinologia, Unità Operativa Neurochirurgia, First Medicina Generale, Livorno, Italia.
Faggionato
F
F
Pallini
S
S
Carnesecchi
C
C
Palla
A
A
Bombara
M
M
Falciani
C
C
La Gioia
A
A
Loni
G
G
D000284:Administration, Oral; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D015175:Prolactinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D011388:Prolactin; D014700:Verapamil