title: ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction shifts from ET(A)- to ET(B)-receptor-mediated reaction after preconstriction.
abstract: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been reported to induce pulmonary vasoconstriction via either ET(A) or ET(B) receptors, and vasorelaxation after ET-1 injection has been observed. Our study investigated the effects of ET-1 in isolated rabbit lungs, which were studied at basal tone (part I) and after preconstriction (U-46619; part II). Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and lung weight gain were monitored continuously. In part I, ET-1 (10(-8) M; n = 6; control) was injected after pretreatment with the ET(A)-receptor antagonist BQ-123 (10(-6) M; n = 6) or the ET(B)-receptor antagonist BQ-788 (10(-6) M; n = 6). The same protocol was carried out in part II after elevation of pulmonary vascular tone. ET-1 induced an immediate PAP increase (DeltaPAP 4.3 +/- 0.4 mmHg at 10 min) that was attenuated by pretreatment with BQ-123 (P < 0.05 at 10 min and P < 0.01 thereafter) and that was more pronounced after BQ-788 (P < 0.01 at 10 min and P < 0.001 thereafter). In part II, ET-1 induced an immediate rise in PAP with a maximum after 5 min (DeltaPAP 6.3 +/- 1.4 mmHg), leveling off at DeltaPAP 3.2 +/- 0.2 mmHg after 15 min. Pretreatment with BQ-123 failed to attenuate the increase. BQ-788 significantly reduced the peak pressure at 5 min (0.75 +/- 0.4 mmHg; P < 0.001) as well as the plateau pressure thereafter (P < 0.01). We conclude that ET-1 administration causes pulmonary vasoconstriction independent of basal vascular tone, and, at normal vascular tone, the vasoconstriction seems to be mediated via ET(A) receptors. BQ-788 treatment resulted in even more pronounced vasoconstriction. After pulmonary preconstriction, ET(A) antagonism exerted no effects on PAP, whereas ET(B) antagonism blocked the PAP increase. Therefore, ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction is shifted from an ET(A)-related to an ET(B)-mediated mechanism after pulmonary vascular preconstriction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68135 Mannheim, Germany. joachim.schmeck@anaes.ma.uniheidelberg.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmeck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gluth
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mihaljevic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Born
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wendel-Wellner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krafft
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D019332:Endothelin-1; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D010880:Piperidines; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C086539:BQ 788; C072247:cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu)