title: Elevated vitreous interleukin-10 level is not diagnostic of intraocular-central nervous system lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diagnosis of intraocular-central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is commonly made by identifying malignant lymphocytes in the vitreous. However, such cells are in the minority in the vitreous cellular infiltrate (most are reactive lymphocytes), and therefore lack of cytologic support from biopsied vitreous samples in patients suspected of having intraocular-CNS lymphoma may occur. Recent data suggest that interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels are elevated in the serum and vitreous of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, whereas IL-12 and IL-6 levels are elevated in patients with uveitis of non-neoplastic etiology. The authors evaluated the usefulness of measuring vitreous levels of IL-6, -10, and -12 in the diagnosis of intraocular-CNS lymphoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with intraocular inflammation who underwent a diagnostic or therapeutic vitrectomy: 4 patients with intraocular-CNS lymphoma and 13 patients with uveitis unrelated to a neoplasm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen vitreous specimens were obtained prospectively. Concentrations of IL-6, -10, and -12 were measured by enzyme immunosorbent assay, and relative ratios of the interleukins were calculated. Cytopathologic examination and flow cytometry of vitreous cells were also performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ratio of IL-10/IL-12 and IL-10/IL-6 was calculated to assess any association of intraocular-CNS lymphoma and high vitreous IL-10 relative to IL-6 and IL-12 levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IL-10/IL-6 and IL-10/IL-12 ratio was greater than 1 in 8 of 14 vitreous specimens obtained from 13 patients with non-neoplastic uveitis. One of the four specimens from patients with cytologically proven intraocular-CNS lymphoma had vitreous IL-10/IL-6 and IL-10/IL-12 ratios of less than 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a helpful diagnostic tool, an elevated vitreous IL-10 to IL-6 or IL-12 ratio is not always associated with intraocular-CNS lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Akpek
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Maca
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Christen
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014605:Uveitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12