title: Terminal syringomyelia in association with the tethered cord syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With the increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging, terminal syringomyelia (segmental cystic dilation of the caudal one-third of the spinal cord) in association with the tethered cord syndrome has become an appreciable finding. This study attempted to define the clinical significance of this associated pathological condition by describing its clinical and radiological characteristics and its contribution to the clinical status of patients with tethered spinal cords.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 132 consecutive patients with tethered cord syndrome who presented to our department between 1990 and 1997, 32 patients with terminal syringomyelia were enrolled in this study. Clinical findings were correlated with syrinx morphological features, as defined using magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical treatment used two basic approaches, i.e., simple untethering or untethering with concurrent syrinx drainage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of the neurological deficits established a contribution of segmental symptoms, which were correlated with the extension and dilation of the syrinx cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed the frequency of sacral tethering (40.6%), the intramedullary paracentral position of the syrinx (75%), and disturbances in regional cerebrospinal fluid flow (42%). The clinical outcomes seemed to be correlated with syrinx shrinkage; all patients who experienced collapse of the cavity achieved better symptom resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiologically significant terminal syringomyelia affects the clinical presentation of tethered cord syndrome, by increasing or inducing neurological deficits. Better clinical outcomes after syrinx decompression emphasize the importance of the recognition and treatment of this pathological condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erkan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D013595:Syringomyelia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome