title: Chronic delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment produces a time-dependent loss of cannabinoid receptors and cannabinoid receptor-activated G proteins in rat brain.
abstract: Chronic treatment of rats with delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) results in tolerance to its acute behavioral effects. In a previous study, 21-day delta9-THC treatment in rats decreased cannabinoid activation of G proteins in brain, as measured by in vitro autoradiography of guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]thiotriphosphate) ([35S]GTPgammaS) binding. The present study investigated the time course of changes in cannabinoid-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding and cannabinoid receptor binding in both brain sections and membranes, following daily delta9-THC treatments for 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Autoradiographic results showed time-dependent decreases in WIN 55212-2-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS and [3H]WIN 55212-2 binding in cerebellum, hippocampus, caudate-putamen, and globus pallidus, with regional differences in the rate and magnitude of down-regulation and desensitization. Membrane binding assays in these regions showed qualitatively similar decreases in WIN 55212-2-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding and cannabinoid receptor binding (using [3H]SR141716A), and demonstrated that decreases in ligand binding were due to decreases in maximal binding values, and not ligand affinities. These results demonstrated that chronic exposure to delta9-THC produced time-dependent and region-specific down-regulation and desensitization of brain cannabinoid receptors, which may represent underlying biochemical mechanisms of tolerance to cannabinoids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for the Neurobiological Investigation of Drug Abuse, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Breivogel
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Childers
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Deadwyler
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hampson
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sim-Selley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048588:Benzoxazines; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004361:Drug Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000378:metabolism; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D048588:Benzoxazines; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; D013759:Dronabinol; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins