title: [Genetic examination in clinical laboratory].
abstract: Genetic technology is finding active application today in the field of clinical laboratory medicine. Genetic examinations are divided into following three main classes: 1) examination for infectious disease according to the detection of the gene derived from bacteria or viruses, 2) examination for inherited disease according to molecular analysis of the genetic variation, 3) examination for oncogene according to molecular analysis of genetic abnormalities. At present, the main genetic examination in a large number of laboratories is for infectious disease because of its relatively simplified technique and high demand. The division of genetics is not a new independent section of clinical laboratory, but rather an ultramodern and powerful tool for existing divisions, such as biochemistry, serology, hematology, microbiology, and pathology. Genetic technology quickly provides results with high sensitivity and reliability, and plays a role at the core of the clinical laboratory. We should remember that the genetic technology is a great present given to clinical laboratories, however, it will eventually change into only one of the routine examinations according to the method of used. Examinations utilized in the clinical laboratory must be well established and standardized. Genetic examinations are no exception to that rule. These tests require a remarkably high precision since the results have an extraordinarily important meaning. There are more than 8,000 inherited diseases for instance. It is difficult to cover all examinations for those 8,000 in one laboratory. We need a network of laboratories that possess a genetic division, so that the examinations for as many inherited disease as possible can be comprehensively offered.
authors.affiliation: Central Clinical Laboratories, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tozuka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009857:Oncogenes; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral