title: Oral leiomyosarcoma in childhood. Report of a case with fine needle aspiration cytology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leiomyosarcomas are rare tumors in the pediatric age group, and occurrence of this neoplasm in the oral cavity is exceedingly rare. This article highlights the fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology diagnosis of a case of recurrent oral leiomyosarcoma in childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 11-year-old male noticed a swelling in the oral cavity near the left lower jaw. It was excised and diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma on histopathology. Four months later the patient presented with a progressive swelling in the oral cavity that extended to the lower jaw. The recurrent swelling was subjected to FNA, and its cytologic features were consistent with leiomyosarcoma. There was a very good initial response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, because of noncompliance with advice for further therapy, the patient had a second local recurrence and dissemination of the disease to the skeletal system, abdomen and thorax. FNA cytology diagnosis of the second locally recurrent lesion and abdominal mass were consistent with leiomyosarcoma. Immunocytochemical staining revealed a positive reaction in the cytoplasm of tumor cells for vimentin and desmin in the FNA smear and paraffin section, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful technique for detection of recurrence and metastasis during follow-up of childhood oral leiomyosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*