title: Studies on the respiratory disease 'sonbobe' in camels in the eastern lowlands of Ethiopia.
abstract: New epidemics of respiratory disease have caused 29.6 morbidity and 6.4% mortality in camels in the Somalia region of Ethiopia. The major clinical signs observed were fever of 40-41.5 degrees C, depression, cough, loss of appetite and a watery nasal discharge that became mucopurulent at a later stage. Finally, the camel became recumbent and extended its neck straight along the ground. Some of the animals died within 8-9 days. The major post-mortem lesions were hydrothorax, adhesion of the lung to the thorax, red and grey hepatization, emphysema, hydropericardium and fibrinous pericarditis. A treatment trial indicated that oxytetracycline was more effective than a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, the results showing a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the treated and control groups. The bacteria isolated from lung, thoracic fluid and whole blood were Pasteurella haemolytica. Further studies on the epidemiology of this disease, the identification of the serotypes involved, and the demonstration of any primary viral initiating agent are recommended to allow the development of preventive methods.
authors.affiliation: Animal Sciences Department, Alemaya University of Agriculture, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bekele
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002162:Camelus; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016978:Mannheimia haemolytica / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D009017:Morbidity; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010326:Pasteurella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010406:Penicillins; D010400:Penicillin G; D010118:Oxytetracycline; D013307:Streptomycin