title: A randomized, open, parallel-group trial to compare the endocrine effects of oral anastrozole (Arimidex) with intramuscular formestane in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study provides a direct randomized comparison of a new-generation, non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole (Arimidex), with a steroidal aromatase inhibitor (formestane) with respect to oestrogen (oestradiol, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate) suppression and tolerability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer were randomized to receive either anastrozole 1 mg once daily orally (n = 29), or formestane 250 mg once every two weeks by intramuscular injection (n = 31). Treatment was continued until progression of disease or withdrawal from the study. The primary endpoints of this study were oestradiol suppression and tolerability. The secondary endpoints included oestrone and oestrone sulphate suppression. All laboratory analyses were conducted 'blind' of the randomized drug treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anastrozole produced a greater and more consistent suppression of oestradiol levels compared with formestane. Based on two- and four-week measurements, the mean fall from baseline (pre-dose) in oestradiol level was 79% and 58% in the anastrozole and formestane groups, respectively (P = 0.0001). After four weeks of treatment, oestrone and oestrone sulphate levels were also suppressed to a greater extent by anastrozole compared with formestane (oestrone: 85% versus 67%, respectively, P = 0.0043; oestrone sulphate: 92% versus 67%, respectively, P = 0.0007). No statistical differences were seen between the two drugs in the incidence of adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anastrozole provides a more consistent and significantly more effective suppression of oestradiol compared with formestane. Similar results were observed for oestrone and oestrone sulphate. The clinical significance of these differences in total oestrogen suppression remains to be established.
authors.affiliation: Sandton Oncology Centre, South Africa.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vorobiof
authors.forename: U R
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Kleeberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez-Carrion
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dodwell
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dowsett
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clack
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000077384:Anastrozole; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077384:Anastrozole; D000735:Androstenedione; C014594:formestane