title: Electrophysiological effects of dronedarone (SR33589), a noniodinated benzofuran derivative, in the rabbit heart : comparison with amiodarone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To overcome the side effects of amiodarone (AM), its noniodinated analogue, dronedarone (SR), was synthesized. In this study, its electrophysiological effects were compared with those of AM in rabbit hearts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five animal groups (n=7 each) for 3 weeks received daily oral treatment of 1 of these regimens: (1) control, vehicle only; (2) AM 50 mg/kg (AM50); (3) AM 100 mg/kg (AM100); (4) SR 50 mg/kg (SR50); and (5) SR 100 mg/kg (SR100). ECGs were recorded before drug and at 3 weeks of drug before euthanasia. Action potentials were recorded from isolated papillary muscle and sinoatrial node by microelectrode techniques. The short-term effects were studied in controls (n=5) at various concentrations of SR (0 to 10 micromol/L) in tissue bath. Action potential duration at 50% (APD(50)) and 90% (APD(90)) repolarization and upstroke dV/dt (V(max)) at various cycle lengths were compared by ANOVA with repeated measures. Compared with control, AM and SR increased RR, QT, and QTc intervals (P<0.0001 for all). Ventricular APD(50) and APD(90) were lengthened by 20% to 49% as a function of dose (P<0.005 to <0.0001) and cycle length (P<0.001). SR100 effects were greater than those of AM100 (P<0.002). V(max) was decreased by both AM100 (P<0.0001) and SR100 (P<0.01). Sinoatrial node automaticity was slowed in treated groups compared with that of the control group (P<0.0001 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The electrophysiological effects of dronedarone are similar to those of AM but more potent, despite deletion of iodine from its molecular structure, a finding of importance for the development of future class III antiarrhythmic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Section of Cardiology, VA Medical Center of West Los Angeles and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sarma
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000638:Amiodarone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077764:Dronedarone; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000187:drug effects; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D015222:Sodium Channels; D000077764:Dronedarone; D000638:Amiodarone; D013974:Thyroxine