title: Repair of hypospadias complications using the tubularized, incised plate urethroplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Secondary procedures to correct complications after hypospadias repair remain challenging especially for "hypospadias cripples." The tubularized, incised plate urethroplasty was first introduced by Snodgrass for the repair of primary hypospadias in 1993. The authors used this procedure to correct the complications after hypospadias repair in patients who had no abundant local skin flaps to be used for a neourethra.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients underwent tubularized, incised plate urethroplasty for the correction of complications of hypospadias repair performed the previous year, including a large urethrocutaneous fistula (n = 1) and disruption of the neourethra (n = 5). Prior surgical procedures included transverse island tube urethroplasty in 4 cases and 2-stage urethroplasty in 2 cases. The average patient age at the time of secondary procedure was 4.6 years (range, 1 to 12 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up period was 6 months (range, 2 months to 1 year). All the patients obtained a functional neourethra with a vertical, slitlike meatus. A small fistula developed in one child and mild meatal retraction in another.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tubularized, incised plate urethroplasty offers few complications and good cosmetic results. The authors recommend its use for patients who have had repeated surgeries for hypospadias repair, especially those in whom only limited local skin flaps can be utilized for a neourethra.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*