title: Isoform pattern of 14-3-3 proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
abstract: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of CSF has been used in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). One of the two diagnostic protein spots was identified as isoform(s) of the 14-3-3 family of abundant brain proteins. This has led to the development of one-dimensional 14-3-3 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis immunoblot, which is currently used to support the diagnosis of CJD. In the present study employing western blot analysis, we have identified the panel of 14-3-3 isoforms that appear in the CSF of 10 patients with CJD compared with 10 patients with other dementias. The results clearly show that the 14-3-3 isoforms beta, gamma, epsilon, and eta are present in the CSF of patients with CJD and can be used to differentiate other dementias. 14-3-3eta also gave a baseline signal in all patients with other dementias, including six patients with Alzheimer's disease. The presence of 14-3-3eta in the CSF of a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis was particularly noteworthy. This study has determined that isoform-specific 14-3-3 antibodies against beta, gamma, and epsilon should be considered for the neurochemical differentiation of CJD from other neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bodemer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinacker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bahn
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zerr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kornhuber
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kretzschmar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poser
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rüther
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aitken
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015415:Biomarkers; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011506:Proteins; C482984:YWHAH protein, human; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase