title: c-Jun enhancement of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-dependent transcription induced by transforming growth factor-beta is independent of c-Jun binding to DNA.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) enhances transcription from reporter genes regulated by a single consensus cAMP-response element (CRE) upon transfection into the immortalized human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT. Whereas both CRE-binding protein (CREB) and c-Jun present in extracts of unstimulated cells can complex with a CRE in gel-shift experiments, TGFbeta treatment increases the amount of c-Jun found in the complex. Overexpression of c-Jun is sufficient to increase CRE and GAL4-CREB-dependent transcription and mimics the stimulatory effects of TGFbeta on transcription from either reporter gene. Surprisingly, although a portion of CREB in unstimulated cells is phosphorylated on the activating serine residue, Ser-133, this level of phospho-CREB is not altered by TGFbeta treatment. In fact, the CREB-dependent transcriptional effects of TGFbeta or c-Jun do not require phosphorylation of Ser-133, although CREB-binding protein (CBP) is required as evidenced by the observation that the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A can block the effects of both agents. c-Jun enhancement of CRE or GAL4-CREB-dependent transcription neither requires the DNA-binding nor N-terminal domains of c-Jun. Collectively, these results are consistent with a model in which signaling pathways initiated by TGFbeta can stimulate CREB-dependent transcription by increasing the cellular concentration of c-Jun, which participates in activation of the CBP-containing transcription complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Harvat
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hook
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Means
mesh_terms: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D004247:DNA