title: Common occurrence of concurrent infections by multiple dengue virus serotypes.
abstract: The co-circulation of all 4 dengue virus serotypes in the same community, common since the 1950s in Southeast Asia, has now become a frequent occurrence in many Caribbean Islands, Mexico, and Central and South America in the past 20 years. As a consequence, the frequency of concurrent infections would be expected to increase in these areas. To assess this, using state of the art technology, we screened viremic serum samples and mosquitoes inoculated with serum samples collected during epidemics involving multiple dengue virus serotypes in Indonesia, Mexico, and Puerto Rico for virus isolation. Of 292 samples tested, 16 (5.5%) were found to contain 2 or more dengue viruses by an indirect immunofluorescence test and/or the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Loroño-Pino
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cropp
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Farfán
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vorndam
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Angulo
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Rosado-Paredes
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Flores-Flores
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Beaty
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gubler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001681:Biological Assay; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012703:Serotyping; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017931:DNA Primers; D012367:RNA, Viral