title: Upregulation of GABA neurotransmission suppresses hippocampal excitability and prevents long-term potentiation in transgenic superoxide dismutase-overexpressing mice.
abstract: Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) is a key enzyme in oxygen metabolism in the brain. Overexpression of SOD-1 in transgenic (Tg) mice has been used to study the functional roles of this enzyme in oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and neurotoxicity. We found that Tg-SOD-1 mice are strikingly less sensitive to kainic acid-induced behavioral seizures than control mice. Furthermore, the hippocampus of Tg-SOD-1 mice was far less sensitive to local application of bicuculline, a GABA-A antagonist, than the hippocampus of control mice. GABAergic functions, expressed in extracellular paired-pulse depression, and in IPSCs recorded in dentate granular cells were enhanced in Tg-SOD-1 mice. Finally, long-term potentiation (LTP), not found in the dentate gyrus of Tg-SOD-1 mice, could be restored by local blockade of inhibition and could be blocked in control mice by injection of diazepam, which amplifies inhibition. These results indicate that constitutive elevation of SOD-1 activity exerts a major effect on neuronal excitability in the hippocampus, which, in turn, controls hippocampal ability to express LTP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Levkovitz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Avignone
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Groner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Segal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007608:Kainic Acid; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D007608:Kainic Acid