title: CUL-2 is required for the G1-to-S-phase transition and mitotic chromosome condensation in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: The human cullin protein CUL-2 functions in a ubiquitin-ligase complex with the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor protein. Here we show that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, cul-2 is expressed in proliferating cells and is required at two distinct points in the cell cycle, the G1-to-S-phase transition and mitosis. cul-2 mutant germ cells undergo a G1-phase arrest that correlates with accumulation of CKI-1, a member of the CIP/KIP family of cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitors. In cul-2 mutant embryos, mitotic chromosomes are unable to condense, leading to unequal DNA segregation, chromosome bridging and the formation of multiple nuclei.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Punkosdy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Seabolt
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Kipreos
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D044842:Cullin Proteins; D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D016193:G1 Phase; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008938:Mitosis; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009630:Nondisjunction, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016196:S Phase
chemical_list: C105153:CUL2 protein, human; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C100318:Cullin 1; D044842:Cullin Proteins; D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C115024:cki-1 protein, C elegans; C412838:cki-2 protein, C elegans