title: 8-Cl-cAMP antagonizes mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and cell growth stimulation induced by epidermal growth factor.
abstract: The growth factor-activated mitogenic pathways are often disregulated in tumour cells and, therefore, they can provide specific molecular targets for novel anti-tumour approaches. 8-Chloro-cAMP (8-Cl-cAMP), a synthetic cAMP analogue, is a novel anti-tumour agent that has recently undergone clinical evaluation. We investigated the effects of 8-Cl-cAMP on the epidermal growth factor (EGF)/EGF receptor (EGF-R) signalling in human epidermoid cancer KB cells, which are responsive to the mitogenic stimulus of EGF. We found that the growth-promoting activity of EGF was completely abolished when EGF treatment was performed in combination with 8-Cl-cAMP. The inhibition of the EGF-induced proliferation by 8-Cl-cAMP was paralleled by the blockade of the EGF-stimulated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), ERK-1 and ERK-2. Conversely, we found an increase of EGF-R expression and EGF-R tyrosine phosphorylation when KB cells were growth inhibited by 8-Cl-cAMP. Moreover, the activity of Raf-1 and MEK-1 protein kinases, the activators upstream MAPK in the phosphorylation cascade induced by EGF, was not modified in 8-Cl-cAMP-treated cells. We concluded that the impairment of KB cell response to EGF, induced by 8-Cl-cAMP, resides in the specific inhibition of MAPK/ERKs activity while the function of the upstream elements in the EGF-R signalling is preserved.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Budillon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Gennaro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caraglia
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barbarulo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; C044258:8-chloro-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases