title: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN/Lipopearls)--a pharmaceutical and cosmetic carrier for the application of vitamin E in dermal products.
abstract: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN, Lipopearls) are nanoparticles made from solid lipids by high pressure homogenization. Incorporation of chemically labile active ingredients into the solid lipid matrix protects against chemical degradation, which is shown for vitamin E. The SLN are physically stable in aqueous dispersions and also after incorporation into a dermal cream as proven by photon correlation spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy data reveal the spherical shape of the SLN and the detailed structure of the particle surface. Ultrafine particles form an adhesive film leading to an occlusive effect on the skin. The occlusion promotes the penetration of vitamin E into the skin, as shown by the stripping test. In addition to chemical stabilization of active ingredients, occlusive effects on the skin and subsequent enhanced penetration of compounds, the SLN also possess a pigment effect covering undesired colours leading to an increased aesthetic acceptance by the customer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Biotechnology, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dingler
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niehus
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gohla
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004355:Drug Stability; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010168:Palmitates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D024505:Tocopherols; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D005079:Excipients; D010168:Palmitates; D014810:Vitamin E; C006957:cetyl palmitate; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D024505:Tocopherols