title: Early speech and language development in children with velocardiofacial syndrome.
abstract: Speech-language impairment is one of the most common clinical features in velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS). This report describes the speech and language development of four children with VCFS studied longitudinally from 6 to 30 months of age and compares their performance with three groups of children: (1) normally developing children, (2) children with cleft lip and palate, and (3) children with isolated cleft palate. The data show that young children with VCFS show a receptive-expressive language impairment from the onset of language. Further, speech and expressive language development were severely delayed beyond a level predicted by their other developmental or receptive language performance. The children with VCFS showed severe limitations in speech sound inventories and early vocabulary development that far exceeded those shown by the children with cleft lip and palate and children with isolated cleft palate. This study indicates that young children with VCFS emerge from a critical speech and language learning period with severe limitations in their communicative abilities. Further studies are required to describe the later course of these early speech and language impairments and to explore the relationship to learning disabilities described for older children with VCFS. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 88:714-723, 1999.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communicative Disorders, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614-0643, USA. scherern@etsu.edu
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: D'Antonio
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kalbfleisch
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019066:Facies; D006320:Hearing Tests; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D007807:Language Tests; D009048:Motor Skills; D010614:Pharynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013065:Speech Intelligibility / Q000502:physiology; D013577:Syndrome