title: Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of lymphangiomyomatosis. A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lymphangiomyomatosis is a rare disease of females, usually of reproductive age. There is a proliferation of lymphatic smooth muscle in mediastinal, retroperitoneal and often pulmonary lymphatics and lymph nodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 45-year-old female presented with a right pleural effusion and increasing retroperitoneal adenopathy with palpable left inguinal adenopathy. Three months previously she had undergone a right salpingo-oophrectomy for an ovarian fibroma with concomitant left ovarian wedge biopsy, myomectomy for leiomyomas and partial omentectomy. Three years previously, at age 42, she had experienced two transient episodes of chylous pleural effusion with no sequelae. She underwent computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration of a 4-cm inguinal lymph node to rule out lymphoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fine needle aspiration of lymphangiomyomatosis yields distinctive cytologic morphology. This characteristic morphology, in combination with the appropriate history, permits a minimally invasive, timely and in this particular case, entirely unexpected diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Delaware County Memorial Hospital, Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania 19026, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018192:Lymphangioleiomyomatosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000473:pathology; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*