title: Decreased food intake and body weight in pancreatic polypeptide-overexpressing mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a 36-amino acid hormone produced by F cells within the pancreatic islets and the exocrine pancreas. The definitive function of PP in mammalian physiology remains to be determined. This study examined the effects of chronic overexpression of PP through the development of PP transgenic mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  PP transgenic mice were created by using mouse PP complementary DNA under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer-chicken beta-actin hybrid promoter (pCAGGS expression vector).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A unique line of transgenic mice was created that overexpresses PP in the pancreatic islets with low levels of expression in other tissues including the brain. Plasma PP concentrations were more than 20 times higher than those of control littermates. However, PP overproduction led to postnatal lethality in half of the pups because of markedly decreased milk intake. The remaining PP transgenic mice gained less weight with specifically reduced food intake and fat mass compared with controls, a result that was more evident in male than in female mice. The transgenic mice exhibited a reduced rate of gastric emptying of a solid meal but had normal oxygen consumption and fasting leptin levels. Immunoneutralization with anti-PP antiserum reversed the phenotypic changes of transgenic animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PP could be involved in feeding and body weight regulation partly through regulation of gastric emptying.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimiya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasuga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide