title: Accuracy of clean-catch urine collection in infancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the accuracy of cultures of urine obtained by clean-catch urine (CCU) collection and suprapubic aspiration (SPA) in infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series undertaken in a pediatric teaching hospital and associated neonatal unit. Fifty-eight paired urine cultures (CCU collection and SPA) were obtained from 49 infants with suspected urinary tract infection. The primary outcome measure was the presence or absence of significant bacteriuria on both CCU collection and SPA; secondary outcome measures were the success of SPA with ultrasound guidance compared with aspiration without ultrasound guidance. Statistical analysis was done by using a chi(2) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A false-positive rate of 5% and a false-negative rate of 12% were recorded. Sensitivity was 88.9% (95% CI 65.3-98.6), and specificity was 95.0% (95 CI% 83.1-99. 4). Ultrasound-assisted SPA was successful in 26 of 28 patients (93%) and in 13 of 21 patients (62%) when SPA was performed without ultrasound (chi(2) = 7.08, P =.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that there is a good association in results of culture of urine obtained by CCU collection and SPA and would encourage the use of the CCU technique.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, Scotland.
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Ramage
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hollman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elabassi
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: McColl
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Beattie
mesh_terms: D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling