title: Cytology of recurrent ameloblastoma with malignant change. A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ameloblastoma is a rare tumor of the jaw that arises from the odontogenic epithelium. Ameloblastomas have a propensity for local recurrence and, rarely, for metastasis. The term malignant ameloblastoma is reserved for those metastasizing tumors that retain the typical morphology of ameloblastoma. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) reports on ameloblastomas are scant, and those on malignant ameloblastomas are still more so.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case of malignant ameloblastoma diagnosed by FNA cytology, the clinical presentation was that of a malignant neoplasm. FNA smears were highly cellular and showed isolated, scattered cells and small groups of basaloid cells and polygonal squamous epithelial cells. Stellate and spindle-shaped cells were also seen in the background. The cytologic diagnosis was subsequently confirmed on histopathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The characteristic combination of cells in FNA smears facilitated the diagnosis of ameloblastoma. Since the biologic behavior of the tumor was that of a malignant neoplasm, the slides were reviewed. The cytologic smears did not exhibit sufficient features of malignancy to label the lesion malignant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Parate
authors.lastname: Anshu
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Helwatkar
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Munshi
mesh_terms: D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*