Metrifonate treatment of AD: influence of APOE genotype.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether an interaction exists between APOE genotype and the response of AD patients to metrifonate treatment and whether APOE genotype independently affects the rate of AD progression.


BACKGROUND
Metrifonate is a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of AD symptoms.


METHODS
Data were pooled from four prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials and analyzed retrospectively. A total of 959 patients who received once-daily placebo (n = 374) or metrifonate (30 to 60 mg based on weight or a 50-mg fixed dose, n = 585) for up to 26 weeks agreed to APOE genotyping.


RESULTS
Metrifonate clearly improved the cognitive performance of the AD patients when compared with placebo (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale [ADAS-Cog], p = 0.0001). The interaction of APOE genotype and the metrifonate effect on cognitive performance were not significant (p = 0.25). Metrifonate also clearly improved the global function of the AD patients when compared with placebo (Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change with Caregiver Input [CIBIC-Plus], p = 0.0001). The interaction of APOE genotype with the metrifonate effect on global function also was not significant (p = 0.70). No significant three-way interactions were observed among APOE genotype, gender, and response to metrifonate treatment (ADAS-Cog, p = 0.68; CIBIC-Plus, p = 0.26). APOE genotype did not influence disease progression as evaluated by either cognitive performance (ADAS-Cog, p = 0.93) or global function (CIBIC-Plus, p = 0.64).


CONCLUSIONS
The findings from these studies of up to 26 weeks' duration do not clearly support an interaction between APOE genotype and metrifonate treatment effects. They suggest that APOE genotypes do not necessarily predict an AD patient's response to metrifonate treatment and that APOE genotype may not influence the rate of disease progression for patients with mild to moderate AD.
Farlow
M R
MR
Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5111, USA.
Cyrus
P A
PA
Nadel
A
A
Lahiri
D K
DK
Brashear
A
A
Gulanski
B
B
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D014236:Trichlorfon