title: The effect of spatial frequency on chromatic and achromatic steady-state visual evoked potentials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the physiological properties of the major components of steady-state visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Based on the hypothesis that isoluminant color and high contrast pattern differentially activate the parvo- and magnocellular pathways, we studied difference in spatial frequency function between chromatic and achromatic VEPs to sinusoidal gratings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Steady-state VEPs to isoluminant chromatic (red-green) and high contrast (90%) achromatic (black-white) sinusoidal gratings with nine spatial frequencies (0.5 to 8.0 cycles/degrees (cpd)) at 4 Hz (8 reversals/s) were recorded in 13 normal subjects. VEPs were Fourier analyzed to obtain phase and amplitude of the second (2F) and fourth (4F) harmonic responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 2F amplitude of chromatic VEPs decreased above 4.0 cpd in a low-pass function while that of achromatic VEPs showed a band-pass function with a peak at 4.0 cpd. The 4F amplitude of chromatic VEPs was not affected significantly by spatial frequency whereas that of achromatic VEPs exhibited a high-pass function. The phases of 2F and 4F showed a non-monotonic function of spatial frequency in both chromatic and achromatic stimuli with peaks at middle spatial frequencies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chromatic and achromatic visual stimuli differently affected 2F and 4F components, which thus suggests that 2F and 4F components are generated from different neuronal subgroups largely in the parvocellular pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. arakawa@neuro.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tobimatsu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomoda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kira
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D004566:Electrodes; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation