title: Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, inhibits the late airway response to antigen, airway eosinophilia, and IL-5-expressing cells in Brown Norway rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is characterized by airflow obstruction, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the synthesis of mediators, such as T(H2) cytokines and leukotrienes, in the airways. Cysteinyl leukotriene (cysLT) receptor antagonists have recently been associated with clinical improvement of asthma and reduced airway inflammation. Whether the beneficial effects of cysLT antagonists are mediated through the modulation of cytokine expression has not been determined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine the presence of eosinophils and IL-5 messenger (m)RNA(+) cells within the lungs of antigen-challenged Brown Norway rats after treatment with the cysLT(1) receptor antagonist montelukast (MK).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovalbumin-sensitized Brown Norway rats were treated with either MK or saline before ovalbumin challenge. Pulmonary mechanics were monitored for 8 hours. Subsequently, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to examine bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue for cells expressing major basic protein (eosinophils) and IL-5 mRNA, respectively. Simultaneous in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry was used to phenotype the cells expressing mRNA encoding IL-5.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals treated with MK had significantly lower lung resistance and fewer eosinophils and IL-5 mRNA(+) cells within BAL fluid and lung tissue compared with that found in saline-treated animals. Colocalizaton studies revealed that the majority of IL-5 mRNA(+) cells were T cells and that the number of IL-5 mRNA(+)/CD3(+) or IL-5 mRNA(+)/major basic protein(+) cells were significantly less within BAL from animals treated with MK than from those treated with saline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the cysLT(1) receptor antagonist MK can diminish the pulmonary response to antigen, tissue eosinophilia, and the number of cells expressing IL-5 mRNA, suggesting that leukotrienes may also regulate the allergic response through the modulation of inflammation and cytokine synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Montreal Chest Institute Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ihaku
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Molet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hamid
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000235:genetics; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D013440:Sulfides
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000941:Antigens; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D015848:Interleukin-5; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D011804:Quinolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013440:Sulfides; D010047:Ovalbumin; C093875:montelukast