title: STEAP: a prostate-specific cell-surface antigen highly expressed in human prostate tumors.
abstract: In search of novel genes expressed in metastatic prostate cancer, we subtracted cDNA isolated from benign prostatic hypertrophic tissue from cDNA isolated from a prostate cancer xenograft model that mimics advanced disease. One novel gene that is highly expressed in advanced prostate cancer encodes a 339-amino acid protein with six potential membrane-spanning regions flanked by hydrophilic amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains. This structure suggests a potential function as a channel or transporter protein. This gene, named STEAP for six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate, is expressed predominantly in human prostate tissue and is up-regulated in multiple cancer cell lines, including prostate, bladder, colon, ovarian, and Ewing sarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical specimens demonstrates significant STEAP expression at the cell-cell junctions of the secretory epithelium of prostate and prostate cancer cells. Little to no staining was detected at the plasma membranes of normal, nonprostate human tissues, except for bladder tissue, which expressed low levels of STEAP at the cell membrane. Protein analysis located STEAP at the cell surface of prostate-cancer cell lines. Our results support STEAP as a cell-surface tumor-antigen target for prostate cancer therapy and diagnostic imaging.
authors.affiliation: UroGenesys Inc., 1701 Colorado Avenue, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vivanco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madraswala
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Raitano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jakobovits
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Saffran
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Afar
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016615:Telomere; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger