title: Antigen-specific cytokine responses in vaccinated Macaca nemestrina.
abstract: We describe a new surrogate assay for CD8 + T lymphocyte activity that has the capability of discriminating between cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and cytokine-mediated suppressive activity. We applied this approach to two groups of Macaca nemestrina vaccinated with a minimally pathogenic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 [HIV-2 (HIV-2(KR))] as a model of an attenuated virus vaccine. Group 1 was then inoculated with a non-infectious stock of a pathogenic strain, HIV-2287. Both groups 1 and 2 were subsequently challenged with an infectious stock of HIV-2287. Five out of six group 1 animals were protected against CD4 decline, whereas three out of six animals in group 2 were protected. Analysis of CTL responses demonstrated strong activity against HIV-2(KR)-Gag in group 1. It was determined that strong CTL responses correlate with antigen-specific T-helper (Th) type 1 responses. This antigen-specific cytokine assay has the potential to better elucidate the functional mechanisms of CD8 + T-cell-mediated protection than traditional methods to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. mulvania@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mulvania
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Mullins
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000818:Animals; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008254:Macaca nemestrina / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines