title: Ellagic acid ameliorates nickel induced biochemical alterations: diminution of oxidative stress.
abstract: Nickel, a major environmental pollutant is known for its clastogenic, toxic and carcinogenic potentials. The present investigation shows that ellagic acid proves to be exceptional in the amelioration of the nickel-induced biochemical alterations in serum, liver and kidney. Administration of nickel (250 micromol Ni/kg body wt) to female Wistar rats, resulted in increase in the reduced glutathione (GSH) content [kidney (*P<0.05) and liver (**P<0.001)] and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities [kidney and liver, (**P<0.001)]. Ellagic acid treatment to the intoxicated rats leads to the formation of soluble ellagic acid-metal complex which facilitates excretion of nickel from the cell or tissue, thus ameliorating nickel-induced toxicity, as evident from the down regulation of GSH content, GST and GR activities with concomitant restoration of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in liver and kidney. Our data shows that ellagic acid maintains cell membrane integrity through sequestration of metal ions from the extracellular fluid, as evident from the alleviated levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) when compared to nickel treated group. Similarly, the enhanced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels that are indicative of renal injury showed a reduction of about 45 and 40%, respectively. The data also show that treatment of ellagic acid after 30 min of nickel administration exhibits maximum inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, our data suggests that ellagic acid act as an effective chelating agent in suppressing nickel-induced renal and hepatic biochemical alterations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Section of Chemoprevention & Nutrition Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110 062, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleem
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Athar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009532:Nickel / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D004610:Ellagic Acid; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D004492:Edetic Acid