title: The yeast GRD20 gene is required for protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network/endosomal system and for polarization of the actin cytoskeleton.
abstract: The proper localization of resident membrane proteins to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) involves mechanisms for both TGN retention and retrieval from post-TGN compartments. In this study we report identification of a new gene, GRD20, involved in protein sorting in the TGN/endosomal system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A strain carrying a transposon insertion allele of GRD20 exhibited rapid vacuolar degradation of the resident TGN endoprotease Kex2p and aberrantly secreted approximately 50% of the soluble vacuolar hydrolase carboxypeptidase Y. The Kex2p mislocalization and carboxypeptidase Y missorting phenotypes were exhibited rapidly after loss of Grd20p function in grd20 temperature-sensitive mutant strains, indicating that Grd20p plays a direct role in these processes. Surprisingly, little if any vacuolar degradation was observed for the TGN membrane proteins A-ALP and Vps10p, underscoring a difference in trafficking patterns for these proteins compared with that of Kex2p. A grd20 null mutant strain exhibited extremely slow growth and a defect in polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, and these two phenotypes were invariably linked in a collection of randomly mutagenized grd20 alleles. GRD20 encodes a hydrophilic protein that partially associates with the TGN. The discovery of GRD20 suggests a link between the cytoskeleton and function of the yeast TGN.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Spelbrink
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Nothwehr
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D013381:Subtilisins; C058751:KEX2 protein, S cerevisiae