title: Long-term survival among patients operated upon for peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although surgery has been used widely for treating peptic ulcer disease, there is conflicting evidence with respect to subsequent life expectancy and the determinants of mortality. Our aim was to compare long-term survival in a large, population-based cohort of operated patients with that expected in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed 471 Rochester, Minnesota residents who had surgery for peptic ulcer at the Mayo Clinic during 1956-85 for a total of 6174 person-years. Patients were followed through their complete (inpatient and outpatient) medical records in the community until death or last clinical contact and death certificates were obtained for all who succumbed. We compared observed survival and cause-specific death rates in this cohort with expected values and identified the determinants of short (30 day) and long-term mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival was worse than expected, but excess deaths were confined to those with perforated ulcers (42 deaths observed; 18.8 expected). Independent predictors of death included age, male gender, emergency operation, gastric ulcer and cigarette smoking. Most deaths were due to heart disease and cancer, but only those due to digestive diseases (standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 3.8, 95% CI 2.4-5.7) and respiratory diseases (SMR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.7) were increased compared to expected figures. Overall survival was reduced in this cohort but was normal among those whose ulcers were not perforated. However, the data suggest an adverse role for alcohol and smoking in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Duggan@hunterlink.net.au
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zinsmeister
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Melton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D010439:Peptic Ulcer Perforation / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate