Vegetable oil based versus wood based stanol ester mixtures: effects on serum lipids and hemostatic factors in non-hypercholesterolemic subjects.
A pine wood based stanol ester mixture-composed of sitostanol (92%) and campestanol (8%) effectively lowers cholesterol absorption and consequently LDL-cholesterol concentrations. It has been postulated that the less absorbable plant sterols reduce cholesterol absorption more effectively. As sitostanol is absorbed less than campestanol, we decided to examine if a vegetable oil based stanol ester mixture with 68% sitostanol and 32% campestanol is less effective than the wood based stanol ester mixture. For this, 112 non-hypercholesterolemic men and women consumed for 4 weeks a rapeseed oil (LEAR) based margarine and shortening. For the next 8 weeks, 42 subjects continued with these products, while the other subjects received products with a vegetable oil (n=36) or a pine wood based stanol ester mixture (n=34). Consumption of 3.8 g vegetable oil based stanols (2.6 g sitostanol plus 1.2 g campestanol) lowered LDL cholesterol 14.6+/-8.0% (-0.37 mmol/l; vs. the control group; P<0.001; 95% CI for the difference, -0.22 to -0. 51 mmol/l). Four grams pine wood based stanols (3.7 g sitostanol plus 0.3 g campestanol) showed a comparable decrease of 12.8+/-11.2% (-0.34 mmol/l; P<0.001; 95% CI-0.18 to-0.51 mmol/l). Decreases in LDL cholesterol were not different between the two experimental groups (P=0.793), while apoE genotype did not have a major impact on this hypocholesterolemic response. Serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were not changed. The decreases in apo B in both experimental groups differed significantly (P<0.001) from changes in the control group. Coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters were not affected. We therefore conclude that vegetable oil and wood based stanol ester mixtures, with a different sitostanol/campestanol ratio, have similar LDL cholesterol lowering effects in a non-hypercholesterolemic population.
Plat
J
J
Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Mensink
R P
RP
D000328:Adult; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D012016:Reference Values; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D012855:Sitosterols; C003535:campestanol; D002784:Cholesterol; C021255:stigmastanol