title: Functional MRI of the human motor cortex using single-shot, multiple gradient-echo spiral imaging.
abstract: In this study, we combined the advantages of a fast multi-slice spiral imaging approach with a multiple gradient-echo sampling scheme at high magnetic field strength to improve quantification of BOLD and inflow effects and to estimate T2* relaxation times in functional brain imaging. Eight echoes are collected with echo time (TE) ranging from 5 to 180 ms. Acquisition time per slice and echo time is 25 ms for a nominal resolution of 4 x 4 x 4 mm3. Evaluation of parameter images during rest and stimulation yields no significant activation on the inflow sensitive spin-density images (rho or I0-maps) whereas clear activation patterns in primary human motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) are detected on BOLD sensitive T2*-maps. The calculation of relaxation times and rates of the activated areas over all subjects yields an average T2* +/- standard deviation (SD) of 46.1+/-4.5 ms (R2* of 21.8+/-2.2 s(-1)) and an average increase (deltaT2* +/- SD) of 0.93+/-0.47 ms (deltaR2* of -0.4+/-0.14 s(-1)). Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of a multiple gradient echo data acquisition approach in separating various vascular contributions to brain activation in fMRI.
authors.affiliation: MR Einrichtung, Universitätskliniken am AKH-Wien, Vienna, Austria. markus.barth@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metzler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klarhöfer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Röll
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leibfritz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*