title: Autoantibodies against oxidatively modified LDL do not constitute a risk factor for stroke: a nested case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autoantibodies against oxidatively modified LDL have been shown to be associated with atherosclerosis. Their possible pathogenic role is not yet fully understood, and earlier published data are inconsistent. In this prospective study, we have investigated the association of these antibodies with future stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective case-control study in which 44 725 men and women from the World Health Organization Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) project and the Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIP) were enrolled and followed from January 1, 1985, to August 31, 1996. One hundred nineteen cases of stroke (male 75, female 44) were noted and compared with 233 age- and sex-matched controls from the same population. Antibodies against oxidatively modified LDL (copper-oxidized LDL and malonaldehyde [MDA]-LDL) were analyzed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the levels or in the prevalence of IgG, IgA, and IgM autoantibodies against copper-oxidized LDL or MDA-LDL between patients and controls. Risk ratios for these antibodies, when adjusted for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and smoking habits, did not confer a risk of stroke. Serum triglycerides (1.7 versus 1.4 mmol/L, P=0.01), fasting blood sugar, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group, as was the prevalence of hypertension (51.8% versus 27.4%, P<0.0001) and diabetes mellitus (9.6% versus 0.8%, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autoantibodies against oxidatively modified LDL do not constitute a risk factor for stroke in an adult population.
authors.affiliation: Immunological Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trifunovic
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stegmayr
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallmans
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lefvert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D008315:Malondialdehyde