title: HRAS1 rare minisatellite alleles and breast cancer in Australian women under age forty years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A recent meta-analysis of 23 studies supported the empirically derived hypothesis that women who lack one of the four common minisatellite alleles at the HRAS1 locus are at increased risk of breast cancer. These studies relied on visual sizing of alleles on electrophoretic gels and may have underreported rare alleles. We determined whether this hypothesis applied to early-onset breast cancer by using a new method to size minisatellite alleles.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a population-based, case-control-family study of 249 Australian women under 40 years old at diagnosis of a first primary breast cancer and 234 randomly selected women, frequency matched for age. We sized HRAS1 minisatellite alleles with an Applied Biosystems model 373 automated DNA sequencer and GENESCAN(TM) software. All P values are two-sided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no association of rare alleles with breast cancer, before or after adjustment for risk factors and irrespective of how their effects were modeled (crude odds ratio = 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.071-1.53; P =.8). The rare allele frequency was 0. 173 (95% CI = 0.149-0.197), three times the pooled estimate of 0.058 (95% CI = 0.050-0.066) from previous studies (P<.001), and was similar for case subjects, 0.177 (95% CI = 0.143-0.221), and control subjects, 0.169 (95% CI = 0.135-0.203) (P =.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no support for an association between rare HRAS1 alleles and the risk of early-onset breast cancer, despite 80% power to detect effects of the magnitude of those associations (1.7-fold) previously suggested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The question of whether cancer risk is associated with rare minisatellite HRAS1 alleles needs to be revisited with the use of new methods that have a greater ability to distinguish rare alleles from similarly sized common alleles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Firgaira
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dite
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: McCredie
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Southey
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Venter
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hopper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001315:Australia; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)