title: Endothelial vasodilatory dysfunction in primary hyperparathyroidism is reversed after parathyroidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is accompanied by hypertension and a cardiovascular mortality. Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) occurs in hypertension but has not been fully investigated in HPT despite the vasoactive influences of parathyroid hormone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five HPT patients and 25 normocalcemic control subjects, matched for age and gender, underwent forearm venous occlusion plethysmography. EDV and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIDV) were evaluated during local infusion of metacholine (2 and 4 micrograms/min) and nitroprusside (5 and 10 micrograms/min), respectively. The endothelial function index was calculated as the ratio of forearm blood flows during the high doses of metacholine and nitroprusside. Ambulatory 24-hour blood pressures and thickness of the intima-media complex of the carotid arteries were also measured; the latter is considered an early marker of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endothelial function index was lower in the HPT patients compared with control subjects (1.01 +/- 0.26 vs 1.27 +/- 0.31, P = .003). Reinvestigation 10 months after parathyroidectomy showed normalization of the index (1.31 +/- 0.39, P = .01) due to a numeric increase in EDV and decrease in EIDV. The carotid intima-media thickness and blood pressure were similar in the groups and unaltered postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endothelial vasodilatory dysfunction is another indicator of the vascular disturbance of HPT and can be normalized by parathyroidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: I L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rastad
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lind
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D010991:Plethysmography; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium