title: Steady-state vibration somatosensory evoked potentials: physiological characteristics and tuning function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The steady-state somatosensory evoked potentials (S-SEPs) to vibratory stimulation were recorded to characterize their physiological properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vibratory stimuli were applied to the right palmar surface in 10 normal subjects. A total of 200 responses were recorded from electrodes at 2 cm posterior to C3, Cz and C4 and 2 cm anterior to C3. All responses were Fourier analyzed and the amplitudes of the first (1F) and second (2F) harmonic components were thus obtained. The effects of modulation frequency (5-30 Hz) and stimulus intensity (0.001-0.1 Newton (N)) on S-SEPs were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amplitudes of 1F and 2F were greatest at the electrode 2 cm posterior to C3, 1F being predominant. The mean 1F amplitudes as a function of modulation frequency showed a bimodal distribution with a trough at 14 Hz and a peak at 21 Hz. The mean 1F amplitudes showed a linear increase of up to 0.05 N and thereafter reached a plateau against the logarithmic stimulus intensity axis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vibratory S-SEPs may originate from the primary somatosensory cortex and provide information on the fast-adapting mechanoreceptive afferents. The temporal resonance at 21 Hz places the somatosensory system between the visual and auditory systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. tobi@neurophy.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tobimatsu
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D013997:Time Factors; D014732:Vibration