[Use of new materials results in improved prostheses. Metals, polymers, ceramics and composite materials extend durability].
Advances in our knowledge of multifactorial host-biomaterial interactions have improved the outcome of joint replacement surgery. Fixation and aseptic loosening are the principal foci of research. Wear debris from articulating parts is a major cause of prosthetic loosening. Tri-biological analysis, and the development of new materials and surface finishes have reduced wear particle production. The use of modular implants increases flexibility and facilitates surgical fit, but also introduces new problems such as dissociation of components, corrosion and wear. In the future, as design, biomaterials and surgical technique become further optimized, arthroplasty may also become an alternative for use in younger patients.
Carlsson
L
L
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Sahlgrenska, Göteborgs Universitet. lars.carlsson@orthop.gu.se
Johansson
C
C
D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000592:standards; D001843:Bone Cements; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D002516:Ceramics; D003188:Composite Resins; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis / Q000592:standards; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000592:standards; D008670:Metals; D016348:Osseointegration; D011108:Polymers; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D014945:Wound Healing
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D003188:Composite Resins; D008670:Metals; D011108:Polymers
Nya material ger bättre ledproteser. Metaller, polymerer, keramer och kompositer förlänger hållbarheten.