title: Inhibition of food intake in response to intestinal lipid is mediated by cholecystokinin in humans.
abstract: Intraduodenal fat inhibits gastric emptying and exerts early satiation in animals and humans, but it is not clear whether the effects are mediated by cholecystokinin (CCK) in humans. Here, we tested whether CCK-A receptors mediate the inhibition of fat on food intake. Two sequential, double-blind, crossover studies were performed in 24 male subjects. First, subjects received either intraduodenal fat or saline together with a preload of either water or banana shake. Second, 12 subjects received either intraduodenal fat or saline perfusion plus a concomitant infusion of saline or loxiglumide, a specific CCK-A receptor antagonist, together with a preload of banana shake. In both studies, subjects were free to eat and drink as much as they wished. Fat induced a reduction in calorie intake (P < 0.05) compared with controls. Furthermore, a decrease in hunger feelings was observed. Infusion of loxiglumide abolished the effects of fat. Duodenal fat interacts with an appetizer to modulate energy intake in humans. This effect is mediated by CCK-A receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matzinger
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gutzwiller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drewe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orban
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rovati
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beglinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004386:Duodenum; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D011377:Proglumide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; C053737:loxiglumide; D011377:Proglumide