title: Direct myocardial anti-ischaemic effect of GTN in both nitrate-tolerant and nontolerant rats: a cyclic GMP-independent activation of KATP.
abstract: 1. We have recently demonstrated that glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) exerts a direct myocardial anti-ischaemic effect in both GTN-tolerant and nontolerant rats. Here we examined if this effect is mediated by GTN-derived nitric oxide (NO) and involves guanosine 3'5' cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) and ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP). 2. Rats were treated with 100 mg kg-1 GTN or vehicle s.c. three times a day for 3 days to induce vascular GTN-tolerance or nontolerance. Isolated working hearts obtained from either GTN-tolerant or nontolerant rats were subjected to 10 min coronary occlusion in the presence of 10-7 M GTN or its solvent. 3. GTN improved myocardial function and reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release during coronary occlusion in both GTN-tolerant and nontolerant hearts. 4. Cardiac NO content significantly increased after GTN administration in both GTN-tolerant and nontolerant hearts as assessed by electron spin resonance. However, cardiac cyclic GMP content measured by radioimmunoassay was not changed by GTN administration. 5. When hearts from both GTN-tolerant and nontolerant rats were subjected to coronary occlusion in the presence of the KATP-blocker glibenclamide (10-7 M), the drug itself did not affect myocardial function and LDH release, however, it abolished the anti-ischaemic effect of GTN. 6. We conclude that GTN opens KATP via a cyclic GMP-independent mechanism, thereby leading to an anti-ischaemic effect in the heart in both GTN-tolerant and nontolerant rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University, Dóm tér 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Csont
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szilvássy
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fülöp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nedeianu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Páli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tosaki
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferdinandy
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D005905:Glyburide