title: Serum cholesterol levels and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in school-aged Taiwanese children and adolescents: the Taichung Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atherosclerosis has become one of the leading causes of death in Taiwan. Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis. To evaluate the mean total cholesterol values and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in school-aged Taiwanese children and adolescents, an epidemiologic survey was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  After two-stage sampling of 52 primary schools and 26 junior high schools in Taichung City, we randomly selected 3,924 children (2,070 boys and 1,854 girls). Blood total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were measured. Response rate was 86.8%. Subjects' ages ranged from seven to 14 years old.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From this cross-sectional survey, the following characteristics (mean +/- SD) were documented for boys and girls, respectively: TC, 162 +/- 28 and 165 +/- 29 mg/dl; TG, 74 +/- 33 and 80 +/- 32 mg/dl; HDL-cholesterol, 61 +/- 13 and 59 +/- 12 mg/dl; and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, 87 +/- 24 and 90 +/- 25 mg/dl. The mean TC across all age groups ranged from 149 to 172 mg/dl for boys and 157 to 170 mg/dl for girls. In boys, the TC concentration was highest at age 11 (172 mg/dl), and in girls was highest at age 7 (170 mg/dl). Borderline hypercholesterolemia (TC > 170 mg/dl) was found in 36.5% of boys (13.5-53.1%) and 39.7% of the girls (28.3-48.6%). Hypercholesterolemia (TC > 200 mg/dl) was found in 9.7% of males (3.1-16.6%) and 10.3% of the females (5.0-14.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of borderline hypercholesterolemia was 38.0% for TC and 17.2% for LDL-C, and for hypercholesterolemia, it was 9.9% for TC and 5.8% for LDL-C. The higher TC levels in Taiwanese children were primarily due to higher HDL-C and TG levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol