title: Cheilitis: analysis of 75 cases referred to a contact dermatitis clinic.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cheilitis is a common problem, the cause of which is often obscure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Data on 75 cases of recalcitrant cheilitis were analyzed. These had been referred to a tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each of the 75 patients had undergone a detailed history, physical examination, and patch tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the patients, 53 were female (67%), and the age range was 9 to 79 years. Of the cases, 36% included irritant contact dermatitis (ICD), 25% included allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 19% were attributed to atopic eczema, and in 9% the dermatitis was of unknown cause. Nine percent were noneczematous. The materials causing ACD were medicaments applied to the lips, lipstick ingredients, sunscreen agents, toothpaste ingredients, colophony in dental floss and toothpicks, nail varnish, cosmetics, and nickel in the mouthpiece of a flute.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common cause of cheilitis was irritation, frequently caused by liplicking. About one quarter was caused by ACD. Medicaments, lipsticks, sunscreens, and toothpaste were the most common allergens. Atopic eczema is a commonly overlooked cause of cheilitis. However, there is a troublesome group of patients, 9% in this series, who are often severely affected, but the cause of their cheilitis remains obscure.
authors.affiliation: Skin and Cancer Foundation, Darlinghurst, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D001315:Australia; D002613:Cheilitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017484:Dermatitis, Phototoxic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003880:Dermatology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests; D012017:Referral and Consultation