title: An exploration of inter-relationships between contact angle, inverse phase gas chromatography and triboelectric charging data.
abstract: Surfaces of pharmaceutical powders have been assessed using contact angle, inverse phase gas chromatography (IGC) and triboelectric (electrostatic) charging techniques. The suitability of the Dynamic Angle Tester (DAT), an instrument based on the sessile drop technique, in determining contact angles and then the surface energy of pharmaceutical powders was assessed. The dispersive components of the surface energy of powders determined from the DAT and IGC method ranked the powders in the same order. The dispersive component values obtained by IGC were, as expected, higher than those from the DAT, due to IGC probing the highest energy sites on the powder surface. IGC and triboelectric studies allow materials to be characterised in terms of their electron donating-accepting tendencies, so inter-relationships between the data from the two techniques were explored. Although the data set was limited, there appeared to be a correlation between the charges developed by the powders on contact with stainless steel and the ratio of the electron-donating to electron-accepting tendencies of the materials as obtained from IGC.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Materials Science, School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, UK.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ahfat
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buckton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ticehurst
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D004149:Dioxoles / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry; D010880:Piperidines / Q000737:chemistry; D011208:Powders; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D004149:Dioxoles; D010880:Piperidines; D011208:Powders; D013213:Starch; D007785:Lactose; C097932:zamifenacin