title: Tendon displacement assessment by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging: validation with a reciprocating string test target.
abstract: After hand trauma and surgery, assessment of tendon excursion is important in reconstructive surgery and rehabilitation. Aimed as a more reliable alternative to traditional noninvasive methods, a colour Doppler imaging scanner was adapted to measure longitudinal tendon displacement. Displacement was quantified by integrating the velocity estimated from the zero-crossing rate of the Doppler signal. The system was tested by measuring displaced distances of a rubber string that was moved back and forth. At a determined optimal receiver gain, 1.5-cm string displacements were measured with less than +/- 0.05-cm bias throughout an echo-signal dynamic range of 22 dB; standard deviations were around 0.05 cm. Regression analysis between measured and true displacements in the range 0.5-2.5 cm resulted in a best fit straight line with slope 0.927, intercept 0.041 cm and residual standard error of 0.06 cm. A transfer technique was conceived to ensure accuracy when measuring tendons in the body. This CDI-based pulsed Doppler system merits verification for measurement of tendon excursion in patients.
authors.affiliation: Central Instrumentation Department, Medical Faculty, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands. holland@cid.fgg.eur.nl
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Buyruk
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoorn
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Stam
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013710:Tendons / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed