title: Th1-type cytokines production is decreased in kidney transplant recipients with active cytomegalovirus infection.
abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major complication after kidney transplantation. Despite antiviral therapy the infection contributes significantly to high morbidity. The present study was aimed at determining: (a) the stimulation index (S.I.) of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and (b) the levels of Th1- and Th2- related cytokines in kidney transplant recipients with and without active CMV infection. Thirty-five patients with, and 44 without active CMV infections, as diagnosed by a CMV antigenemia assay, were inducted into this study. After PHA stimulation of PBMC from patients, stimulation index (S.I.) was determined by radioactive thymidine uptake while the production of Th1-type cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PBMC of patients with active CMV infection showed significantly lower S.I. values than patients without an ongoing CMV infection (P <.0001). Levels of Th2-type cytokines in CMV-infected and uninfected kidney recipients were similar; however, the levels of the Th1-type cytokines were significantly lower in CMV-infected patients. Low levels of Th1-type cytokines seem to correlate well with active CMV infection in kidney recipients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait. sahar@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Essa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raghupathy
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pacsa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Shazly
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizieh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002455:Cell Division; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines