title: Functional inactivation of the amygdala before but not after auditory fear conditioning prevents memory formation.
abstract: Two competing theories predict different effects on memory consolidation when the amygdala is inactivated after fear conditioning. One theory, based on studies using inhibitory avoidance training, proposes that the amygdala modulates the strength of fear learning, and post-training amygdala manipulations interfere with memory consolidation. The other, based on studies using Pavlovian fear conditioning, hypothesizes that fear learning occurs in the amygdala, and post-training manipulations after acquisition will not affect memory consolidation. We infused the GABAA agonist muscimol (4.4 nmol/side) or vehicle into lateral and basal amygdala (LBA) of rats either before or immediately after tone-foot shock Pavlovian fear conditioning. Pre-training infusions eliminated acquisition, whereas post-training infusions had no effect. These findings indicate that synaptic activity in LBA is necessary during learning, but that amygdala inactivation directly after training does not affect memory consolidation. Results suggest that essential aspects of plasticity underlying auditory fear conditioning take place within LBA during learning.
authors.affiliation: W. M. Keck Foundation Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Wilensky
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Schafe
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: LeDoux
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D009118:Muscimol