title: SPIO-MR imaging versus double-phase spiral CT in detecting malignant lesions of the liver.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the diagnostic performance of superparamagnetic iron oxide MR (SPIO-MR) imaging compared with double-phase spiral CT in detecting liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight patients with a total of 144 malignant lesions of the liver were examined by CT and SPIO-MR. After definition of a gold standard by a panel of experts, the patient images were randomized and presented to a blinded jury of 5 independent observers whose task was to identify as many lesions as possible. The results were tested for statistical significance using multifactorial analysis of variance (alpha=5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  SPIO-MR produced the highest detection rate and was significantly superior (p<0.05) to unenhanced MR imaging and double spiral-phase contrast-enhanced CT (DPS-CECT). Maximum performance in DPS-CECT was obtained during the portal venous contrast phase but was significantly inferior to SPIO-MR imaging. The scores for unenhanced CT and unenhanced MR were significantly lower than for the corresponding enhanced procedures. SPIO-MR imaging produced a higher incidence of false-positive findings (n=39).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SPIO-MR produced a significantly better detection rate for malignant focal liver lesions compared with double-phase spiral DPS-CECT but was associated with a higher rate of false-positive findings.
authors.affiliation: Central Institute for Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirche
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barkhausen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stöblen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Henrich
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003911:Dextrans; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide