title: Low cellular IRS 1 gene and protein expression predict insulin resistance and NIDDM.
abstract: We examined the gene and protein expression of IRS 1 (insulin receptor substrate 1) in adipocytes from two groups of healthy individuals with an increased propensity for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM): those with two first-degree relatives with diabetes and another group with massive obesity. A low expression of IRS 1 (</=50% of the matched control group) was seen in approximately 30% of both groups and these individuals were characterized by insulin resistance and its hallmarks: higher levels of insulin, glucose, and triglycerides. Two individuals with previously unknown NIDDM were diagnosed and both had low IRS 1 expression. Low IRS 1 protein expression was associated with low mRNA levels but not with the common Gly972Arg polymorphism of the IRS 1 gene. Taken together, our present and previous findings show that a low expression of IRS 1 in fat cells predicts insulin resistance and NIDDM. Furthermore, they support the likelihood that an impaired transcriptional activation may play a key role in the pathogenesis of NIDDM.-Carvalho, E., Jansson, P.-A., Axelsen, M., Eriksson, J. W., Huang, X., Groop, L., Rondinone, C., Sjöström, L., Smith, U. Low cellular IRS 1 gene and protein expression predict insulin resistance and NIDDM.
authors.affiliation: The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Axelsen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rondinone
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sjöström
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides