title: Aminoguanidine has both an anti-inflammatory effect on experimental colitis and a proliferative effect on colonic mucosal cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) on developed colitis and cell proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colitis was induced by means of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNB) in male Wistar rats weighing about 250 g. Seven days after induction of TNB colitis the rats were divided into two groups at random, and one group was orally treated with 1.5 micromol/kg AG each day. We assessed the effect of AG by measuring the mucosal damage, the ulcer area, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs) activity, and nitrogen oxide in serum 7 days after the beginning of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AG significantly ameliorated the macroscopic damage score (AG versus control, 5.25 +/- 0.80 versus 7.50 +/- 0.50), the microscopic damage score (5.88 +/- 1.13 versus 9.25 +/- 0.31), ulcer area (0.57 +/- 0.14 versus 1.24 +/- 0.17 cm2), decreased MPO activity (51.5 +/- 9.4 versus 192.2 +/- 60 units/g tissue), and nitrogen oxide in serum (27.2 +/- 1.4 versus 32.3 +/- 1.8 microM) but did not decrease iNOs activity (8732 +/- 435 versus 8672 +/- 357 cpm/g tissue). Moreover, AG accelerated T84 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that AG ameliorates TNB colitis not only by its anti-inflammatory effect but also by accelerating the proliferation of colonic mucosal cells. AG, accordingly, might well be a useful new medicine to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onomura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C004479:pimagedine