Respiratory illness after severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in infancy in The Gambia.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the frequency of later respiratory tract morbidity after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in infancy.


METHODS
Cohort study with passive, clinic-based surveillance.


METHODS
Outpatient department in The Gambia.


METHODS
One hundred five children admitted to the hospital with severe RSV disease (case cohort), 105 control children matched for age not admitted to the hospital during the previous RSV season (control cohort 1), and 102 control children born after the RSV season (control cohort 2).


METHODS
Frequencies of pneumonia, wheezing, and hospital admission with acute lower respiratory tract infection.


RESULTS
Pneumonia was more common in case children than in both control groups (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR, 95% CI]: 3.80 [2.73, 6. 10]), as was wheezing (IRR 7.33 [3.10,17.54]), pneumonia or wheezing (IRR 3.96 [2.60, 6.04]), and admission with pneumonia or wheezing (IRR 3.40 [1.87, 6.15]). The incidence rate per 100 child-years for pneumonia in the dry season for 12-month-old children was 27 for case patients, 8.1 for control cohort 1, and 6.51 for control cohort 2. By 3 years of age, the rates had fallen to low levels in all groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Pneumonia and wheezing are significantly more common in children after RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease than in control subjects, but the incidence declines rapidly with increasing age.
Weber
M W
MW
Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.
Milligan
P
P
Giadom
B
B
Pate
M A
MA
Kwara
A
A
Sadiq
A D
AD
Chanayireh
M
M
Whittle
H
H
Greenwood
B M
BM
Mulholland
K
K
D000208:Acute Disease; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005714:Gambia; D006801:Humans; D011159:Population Surveillance; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012621:Seasons