Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field affects human sleep and sleep electroencephalogram.
To investigate whether the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by digital radiotelephone handsets affects the brain, healthy, young subjects were exposed during an entire night-time sleep episode to an intermittent radiation schedule (900 MHz; maximum specific absorption rate 1 W/kg) consisting of alternating 15-min on-15-min off intervals. Compared with a control night with sham exposure, the amount of waking after sleep onset was reduced from 18 to 12 min. Spectral power of the electroencephalogram in non-rapid eye movement sleep was increased. The maximum rise occurred in the 10-11 Hz and 13.5-14 Hz bands during the initial part of sleep and then subsided. The results demonstrate that pulsed high-frequency EMF in the range of radiotelephones may promote sleep and modify the sleep EEG.
Borbély
A A
AA
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Switzerland. borbely@pharma.unizh.ch
Huber
R
R
Graf
T
T
Fuchs
B
B
Gallmann
E
E
Achermann
P
P
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects