title: [Reversible dementia in neurology outpatient clinics].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The dementias are one of the commonest conditions seen in Neurology Clinics. Potentially reversible causes are described amongst the various aetiologies although there are doubts as to whether the use of indiscriminate testing to detect them is worthwhile.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In a group of demented persons to determine how many had a potentially reversible condition and how many improved, in a prospective, descriptive study in a Neurology Outpatient Clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Mini-Mental State Examination of Folstein and the DSM-III-R criteria for dementia, 121 demented patients were selected. An ordinary biochemical study was made (vitamin B12, thyroid hormones), serology (lues) and neuroimaging (cerebral CT), and when a potentially reversible condition was found, each case was treated. The patients treated were followed-up periodically for an average of 9.6 months (range 2 to 24 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A potentially reversible condition was seen in 19.8% of the patients. On prospective evaluation only 3.3% had reversible symptoms and in no case were these completely reversed. Improvement was seen in conditions of depressive pseudo-dementia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since some causes of dementia are reversible, the neurologist is obliged to investigate and seek these possible aetiologies. This study should be individualized according to clinical criteria to improve profitability of the complementary tests. Our results suggest that there are doubts as to the usefulness of indiscriminate investigation of possible reversible causes of the cases of dementia referred to Outpatient neurologists.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España. daperezm@yahoo.com
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martínez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Toledo-Heras
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sáiz-Díaz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calandre
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bermejo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone
vernacular_title: Demencias reversibles en la consulta neurológica extrahospitalaria.