title: In vivo exposure to bicarbonate/lactate- and bicarbonate-buffered peritoneal dialysis fluids improves ex vivo peritoneal macrophage function.
abstract: The impact on peritoneal macrophage (PMO) function of acidic lactate-buffered (Lac-PDF [PD4]; 40 mmol/L of lactate; pH 5.2) and neutral-pH, bicarbonate-buffered (TB; 38 mmol/L of bicarbonate; pH 7. 3) and bicarbonate/lactate-buffered (TBL; 25 mmol/L of bicarbonate/15 mmol/L of lactate; pH 7.3) peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) was compared during a study of continuous therapy with PD4, TB, or TBL. During a run-in phase of 6 weeks when all patients (n = 15) were treated with their regular dialysis regimen with Lac-PDF, median PMO tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) release values were 203.6, 89.9, and 115.5 pg TNFalpha/10(6) PMO in the patients subsequently randomized to the PD4, TB, and TBL treatment groups, respectively. Median stimulated TNFalpha values (serum-treated zymosan [STZ], 10 microgram/mL) were 1,894.6, 567.3, and 554.5 pg TNFalpha/10(6) PMO in the same groups, respectively. During the trial phase of 12 weeks, when the three groups of patients (n = 5 per group) were randomized to continuous treatment with PD4, TB, or TBL, median constitutive TNFalpha release values were 204.7, 131.4, and 155.4 pg TNFalpha/10(6) PMO, respectively. Stimulated TNFalpha values (STZ, 10 microgram/mL) were 1,911, 1,832, and 1,378 pg TNFalpha/10(6) PMO in the same groups, respectively. Repeated-measures analysis of variance comparing the run-in phase with the trial phase showed that PMO TNFalpha release was significantly elevated in patients treated with both TB (P = 0.040) and TBL (P = 0.014) but not in patients treated with Lac-PDF (P = 0. 795). These data suggest that patients continuously exposed to bicarbonate- and bicarbonate/lactate-buffered PDFs might have better preserved PMO function and thus improved host defense status.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nephrology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Argyle
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Coles
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faict
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Topley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019344:Lactic Acid