title: Dietary choline requirement of juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens).
abstract: We conducted an 11-wk feeding trial to determine the dietary choline requirement of juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and to investigate whether dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC) could meet this requirement. Six dietary treatments contained choline concentrations of <0.11, 0.23, 0.34, 0.75, 1.22 or 3.37 g/kg diet. Two additional diets contained 31 g of lecithin/kg diet, with or without supplemental choline chloride (4.0 g choline/kg diet). The total sulfur amino acid concentration was maintained at 1.0 g/100 g diet (methionine/cyst(e)ine, 49:51). Diets were fed to satiation twice daily to triplicate groups of yellow perch initially weighing 16.0 g/fish. Weight gain, feed intake and carcass proximate composition were significantly affected by dietary choline. Weight gains and feed intakes increased as dietary choline increased from 0 to 0.75 g/kg. Both values tended to plateau in fish fed dietary choline levels above 0.75 g/kg. Broken-line analyses of weight gain and feed intake data indicated the dietary choline requirement was 0.598 and 0.634 g/kg diet, respectively. Hepatic lipid concentrations and feed efficiency values were not significantly different. Whole-body fat concentrations increased significantly, whereas ash levels decreased significantly in fish fed increasing levels of dietary choline. Weight gain and feed intake of fish fed diets containing PC were not significantly different from fish fed 0.75 g/kg of dietary choline. However, hepatic lipid concentrations were significantly higher in fish fed the diet containing PC and no choline chloride. Thus, yellow perch require a maximum of 0.598-0.634 g of choline/kg diet for maximum growth and this requirement may potentially be met with 31 g of lecithin/kg diet.
authors.affiliation: Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1159, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Twibell
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002794:Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010471:Perches / Q000254:growth & development; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D002794:Choline