Differential patterns of interaction between HIV type 1 and HTLV type I in monocyte-derived macrophages cultured in vitro: implications for in vivo coinfection with HIV type 1 and HTLV type I.
The interaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T cell leukemia-lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) has generated substantial interest. However, there is disagreement on the in vivo consequences of the double infection. We investigated the interactions between HIV-1 and HTLV-I in monocyte-derived macrophages cultured in vitro. For study, the T cell-tropic strain IIIB and the macrophagetropic strain Ada-M of HIV-1 were used. The HTLV-I was prepared from the supernatants of the virus-producing MT-2 cell line. We found that coinfection of macrophages with T cell-tropic HIV-1 and HTLV-I significantly enhanced HIV-1 replication, whereas double infection of the cells with macrophage-tropic HIV-1 and HTLV-I resulted in marked upregulation of HTLV-I production. Stimulatory interactions between HIV-1 and HTLV-I were mediated by their trans-acting proteins. Results of study on nuclear translocation of proviral DNA showed that the tax gene product of HTLV-I was able to facilitate the nuclear import of the reverse-transcribed HIV-1(IIIB) DNA. In contrast, the HIV-1 Tat protein did not increase the intranuclear trafficking of HTLV-I DNA, which suggests another mechanism for HTLV-I enhancement by the tat gene product. In conclusion, this study provides possible mechanisms whereby coinfection of an individual with HIV-1 and HTLV-I may influence the clinical outcome of double infection.
Szabó
J
J
Institute of Microbiology, University Medical School, Debrecen, Hungary.
Beck
Z
Z
Csomán
E
E
Liu
X
X
Andrikó
I
I
Kiss
J
J
Bácsi
A
A
Ebbesen
P
P
Tóth
F D
FD
D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000502:physiology; D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000502:physiology; D016355:Genes, pX; D015756:Genes, tat; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014762:Viral Interference; D014779:Virus Replication; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
D004279:DNA, Viral; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D016356:Gene Products, tax; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus