title: White coat, blue collar: physician unionization and managed care.
abstract: Ms. Luepke provides a historical review of the rise of the physician unionization movement in the United States. This article also examines the barriers faced by employed and independent physicians that prevent or limit their collective bargaining, and reviews the responses of the various organized medical societies to the physician unionization movement.
authors.affiliation: Barnes & Thornburg, Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Luepke
mesh_terms: D000574:American Medical Association; D016363:Antitrust Laws; D001130:Arizona; D003098:Collective Bargaining / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D003284:Contract Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D004651:Employment / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D049673:History, 20th Century; D007750:Labor Unions / Q000266:history / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008329:Managed Care Programs / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000458:organization & administration; D008404:Massachusetts; D010820:Physicians / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000458:organization & administration; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000266:history / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014481:United States