title: Mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid: evidence and speculation.
abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis and atherosclerosis, enhance immunologic function while protecting against the catabolic effects of immune stimulation, affect body composition change (reducing body fat gain while enhancing lean body mass gain), and stimulate the growth of young rats. We discuss possible biochemical mechanisms that underlie these physiological effects. We emphasize the importance of considering the effects, both individually and combined, of the two CLA isomers (cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA) that have been shown to exhibit biological activity and which appear to exert their effects via different biochemical mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Food Research Institute, Department of Food Microbiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA. mwpariza@facstaff.wisc.edu
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Pariza
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cook
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D015195:Drug Design; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: C094849:10,12-octadecadienoic acid; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; C046938:9,11-linoleic acid