title: The onset and extent of genomic instability in sporadic colorectal tumor progression.
abstract: Cancer cell genomes contain alterations beyond known etiologic events, but their total number has been unknown at even the order of magnitude level. By sampling colorectal premalignant polyp and carcinoma cell genomes through use of the technique inter-(simple sequence repeat) PCR, we have found genomic alterations to be considerably more abundant than expected, with the mean number of genomic events per carcinoma cell totaling approximately 11,000. Colonic polyps early in the tumor progression pathway showed similar numbers of events. These results indicate that, as with certain hereditary cancer syndromes, genomic destabilization is an early step in sporadic tumor development. Together these results support the model of genomic instability being a cause rather than an effect of malignancy, facilitating vastly accelerated somatic cell evolution, with the observed orderly steps of the colon cancer progression pathway reflecting the consequences of natural selection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Stoler
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basik
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kahlenberg
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Bigas
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Petrelli
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D018256:Adenomatous Polyps / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics*; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm