Rho controls cortical F-actin disassembly in addition to, but independently of, secretion in mast cells.
Localized disassembly of cortical F-actin has long been considered necessary for facilitation of exocytosis. Exposure of permeabilized mast cells to calcium/ATP induces cortical F-actin disassembly (calmodulin-dependent) and secretion (calmodulin-independent). The delay in the onset of secretion is characteristic for the calcium/ATP response and is abolished by GTP. Here we report that a constitutively active mutant of Rho (V14RhoA) enhanced both secretion and cortical F-actin disassembly. In addition, V14RhoA mimicked GTP by abolishing the delay in secretion. Inhibition of Rho by C3 transferase prevented both secretion ( approximately 80%) and F-actin disassembly (approximately 20%). Thus, both Rho GTPase and calcium/calmodulin contribute to the control of cortical F-actin disassembly. Stabilization of actin filaments by high concentrations of phalloidin or by a calmodulin-inhibitory peptide (based on the calmodulin-binding domain of myosin light chain kinase) did not affect the extent of secretion or the secretion-enhancing effects of V14RhoA. These results further support the existence of divergent, Rho-dependent, pathways regulating actin and exocytosis. Furthermore, compound Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (p160(ROCK)), attenuated the Rho-induced loss of cortical F-actin without affecting secretion. A model is presented in which Rho regulates secretion and cortical F-actin in a manner dependent on and/or synergistic with calcium.
Sullivan
R
R
Physiology Department, University College London, University Street, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom.
Price
L S
LS
Koffer
A
A
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
D000199:Actins; D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium