Concentration-dependent differential induction of necrosis or apoptosis by HIV-1 lytic peptide 1.
The mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 induces depletion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes remains controversial, but may involve cytotoxic viral proteins. Synthetic peptides (lentivirus lytic peptide type 1) corresponding to the carboxyl terminus of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein induce cytopathology at concentrations of 100 nM and above. At these concentrations lentivirus lytic peptide type 1 disrupts mitochondrial integrity of CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cells and induces other changes characteristic of necrosis. In contrast, at concentrations of 20 nM, lentivirus lytic peptide type 1 potently induces apoptosis. Thus, the mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mediates cell death, necrosis or apoptosis, may depend, in part, on the tissue concentration of transmembrane glycoprotein.
Plymale
D R
DR
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Comardelle
A M
AM
Fermi
C D
CD
Martin
D S
DS
Costin
J M
JM
Norris
C H
CH
Tencza
S B
SB
Mietzner
T A
TA
Montelaro
R C
RC
Garry
R F
RF
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009336:Necrosis; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence