title: How likely is it that Stockholm stage 1 of the hand arm vibration syndrome will progress to stages 2 and 3?
abstract: The progression of symptoms in the hand arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) is dependent on the interaction of individual and workplace factors. Workplace factors include type, magnitude and intermittency of exposure to hand transmitted vibration (HTV), anti-vibration tool design and workpiece characteristics. Individual susceptibility and constitutional factors are poorly understood and the reliance on anamnesis for diagnosis can lead to recall bias, inaccurate classification and an unreliable assessment of the stage of deterioration. This may be overcome by the adoption of multiple standardized testing. The introduction of a policy covering identification, risk assessment, health surveillance and reasonably practicable control measures will have the most significant impact on the incidence of new cases and deterioration in established cases.
authors.affiliation: Rolls-Royce plc, Derby, UK.
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: McGeoch
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm; D018450:Disease Progression; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013577:Syndrome; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects*