title: REM sleep in depression is influenced by ethnicity.
abstract: The influence of ethnicity on the manifestation of EEG sleep changes in depression was studied in 95 patients (21 African-Americans [AA], 17 Asians [AS], 37 Caucasians [C] and 20 Hispanics [H]) with unipolar major depression. Subjects were studied twice for 2 consecutive nights. On the second night of each 2-night session, placebo or scopolamine (1.5 microg/kg, IM, at 23.00 h) was administered. On the baseline (placebo) night, sleep architecture, sleep continuity and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep variables were generally comparable among the groups. However, REM sleep was less in AA and AS subjects than in C and H subjects. Furthermore, the distribution of REM sleep over the course of the night in AA and AS subjects differed significantly from that in the C and H groups. Although scopolamine significantly affected sleep continuity and REM sleep measures, no significant differential effects of scopolamine were observed. Because many antidepressants suppress REM sleep, the differences in baseline REM sleep observed might be related to the greater sensitivity of some ethnic-minority depressed patients to pharmacotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA. rpoland@ucla.edu
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Poland
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lutchmansingh
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: McCracken
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Ott
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology*; D002140:California; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects*; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics; D012601:Scopolamine