title: Glycine betaine transport in Lactococcus lactis is osmotically regulated at the level of expression and translocation activity.
abstract: Microorganisms react upon hyperosmotic stress by accumulating compatible solutes. Here we report that Lactococcus lactis uses a transport system for glycine betaine that, contrary to earlier observations (D. Molenaar et al., J. Bacteriol. 175:5438-5444, 1993), is osmotically regulated at the levels of both expression and transport activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Der Heide
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Poolman
mesh_terms: D001622:Betaine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001692:Biological Transport; D003470:Culture Media; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009995:Osmosis; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D001622:Betaine