title: BMP-2/ALK3 and HGF signal in parallel to regulate renal collecting duct morphogenesis.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exert antagonistic effects on renal collecting duct formation during embryogenesis. A current model proposes HGF inhibits BMP-2 signaling at the level of Smad1 in a common target cell. Here, we show that BMP-2 and HGF control collecting duct formation via parallel pathways. We examined the interactions between BMP-2 and HGF in the mIMCD-3 model of collecting duct morphogenesis. During tubule formation, HGF rescued the inhibitory effects of BMP-2 and of a constitutive active form of the BMP-2 receptor, ALK3, stably expressed in mIMCD-3 cells. To determine whether the effect of HGF occurs through known mediators which act downstream of the BMP-2/ALK3 complex, we examined the effect of HGF on BMP-2-induced Smad1 phosphorylation, Smad1/Smad4 complex formation, and Smad1 nuclear translocation. Neither HGF nor other receptor tyrosine kinase ligands (EGF, FGF-4) induced phosphorylation of endogenous Smad1 in mIMCD-3 cells or in Mv1Lu, MC3T3-E1 or P19 cells. Furthermore, none of these ligands blocked induction of the BMP-responsive promoter, Tlx2. Thus, HGF overcomes the inhibitory effects of BMP-2 on collecting duct morphogenesis without interrupting any of the known signaling events in the BMP-2 dependent Smad1 signaling pathway. We conclude that BMP-2/ALK3 and HGF function to control parallel pathways downstream of their respective cell surface receptors. Integration of these signals likely occurs at the level of transcriptional or post-transcriptional events.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macias-Silva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Piscione
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Whiteside
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wrana
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Rosenblum
mesh_terms: D029404:Activin Receptors; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007685:Kidney Tubules, Collecting / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D051785:Smad Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D029404:Activin Receptors; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors