title: Novel 1,3-dioxanes from apple juice and cider.
abstract: Extracts obtained by XAD solid-phase extraction of apple juice and cider were separated by liquid chromatography on silica gel. Several new 1,3-dioxanes including the known 2-methyl-4-pentyl-1,3-dioxane and 2-methyl-4-[2'(Z)-pentenyl]-1,3-dioxane, were identified in the nonpolar fractions by GC/MS analysis and confirmed by chemical synthesis. The enantioselective synthesis of the stereoisomers of the 1,3-dioxanes was performed using (R)- and (R,S)-octane-1,3-diol and (R)- and (R,S)-5(Z)-octene-1,3-diol as starting material. Comparison with the isolated products indicated that the natural products consisted of a mixture of (2S,4R) and (2R,4R) stereoisomers in the ratio of approximately 10:1, except for 1,3-dioxanes generated from acetone and 2-butanone. It is assumed that the 1, 3-dioxanes are chemically formed in the apples and cider from the natural apple ingredients (R)-octane-1,3-diol, (R)-5(Z)-octene-1, 3-diol, (3R,7R)- and (3R,7S)-octane-1,3,7-triol, and the appropriate aldehydes and ketones, which are produced either by the apples or by yeast during fermentation of the apple juice.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kavvadias
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beuerle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wein
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boss
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schwab
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004146:Dioxanes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005511:Food Handling; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D019685:Rosales
chemical_list: D004146:Dioxanes