Comparison of measurements of dorsolateral subluxation of the femoral head and maximal passive laxity for evaluation of the coxofemoral joint in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether dorsolateral subluxation (DLS) of the femoral head reflects osseous conformation of the coxofemoral (hip) joint and represents a property distinct from maximum passive laxity of the hip joint in dogs.


METHODS
14 Labrador Retrievers, 16 Greyhounds, 58 Greyhound-Labrador Retriever mixed-breed dogs, and 1 Rottweiler.


METHODS
DLS of the femoral head (DLS score) and passive laxity of the hip joint (distraction index) were determined radiographically in 3 groups of dogs: not treated (167 joints of 84 dogs); before and after injecting 2 ml of hyaluronan into 25 hip joints of 13 dogs; and before and after unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy in 5 dogs. Results of the 2 methods were compared for each group.


RESULTS
In untreated dogs, the correlation coefficient (r) of DLS score versus distraction index was -0.73 and -0.69 for 84 left and 83 right hip joints, respectively. Mean coefficient of determination (r2) for both hips was 0.5. Mean DLS score did not differ before and after intra-articular injection of hyaluronan into either hip joint, whereas mean distraction index increased significantly after intra-articular injection. Unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy resulted in a significant increase in DLS score, compared with values obtained before surgery. However, distraction index before and after surgery did not differ significantly.


CONCLUSIONS
The DLS test assesses the congruity of the acetabulum and the femoral head in a canine hip joint and thus represents a characteristic distinct from maximum passive laxity. The DLS score and the distraction index evaluate different components of hip joint stability.
Farese
J P
JP
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Lust
G
G
Williams
A J
AJ
Dykes
N L
NL
Todhunter
R J
RJ
D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004285:Dogs; D005270:Femur Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006619:Hip Dysplasia, Canine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000662:veterinary; D011859:Radiography
D006820:Hyaluronic Acid