title: HLA and Mooren's ulceration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mooren's ulcer is a progressive intractable destructive peripheral ulceration of the cornea, probably of autoimmune aetiology. The disease is rare in the northern hemisphere but is more common in southern and central Africa and the Indian subcontinent. Although rare, its predominance in certain racial groups and their second generation migrants worldwide indicates a genetic as well as a geographic predisposition. The highly polymorphic human leucocyte antigens (HLA) confer genetic susceptibility to several autoimmune disorders. Therefore, a possible link between Mooren's ulcer and HLA type was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n=22) with non-infective destructive peripheral corneal inflammatory disease were recruited worldwide. Differential diagnosis confirmed Mooren's ulceration in 12 cases. HLA typing (HLA-A, B, C, DRB, DQB) was performed by serology and PCR using sequence specific primers. The patients came from varied ethnic backgrounds and their HLA typing results were compared with published data from ethnically matched control populations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 12 patients with Mooren's ulcer, 10 (83%) were HLA-DR17(3) positive (including all nine patients of Asian, Indonesian, and black African origin), and 10 (83%) were HLA-DQ2 positive. The frequency of HLA-DR17(3) and DQ2 was higher in the Mooren's ulcer group compared to published data from ethnically matched control populations, where the expected antigen frequencies range between 5% and 40%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest a possible association between HLA-DR17(3) and/or DQ2 and susceptibility to Mooren's ulcer.
authors.affiliation: Addenbrooke's University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Key
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D000368:Aged; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D059810:HLA-DR Serological Subtypes; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059810:HLA-DR Serological Subtypes; C051104:HLA-DR52 antigen; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II