title: Angiogenesis in neuroblastoma: relationship to survival and other prognostic factors in a cohort of neuroblastoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study angiogenesis in neuroblastoma, using morphometric and computerized image analysis, and correlate the results with survival and other prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients from the Spanish Cooperative Study for Neuroblastoma were studied. Tumoral angiogenesis was studied using an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique with an anti-CD34 antibody. Vascular parameters (VPs) were analyzed by a computerized system. Statistical analysis was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-six samples had adequate tumoral tissue, and their tumoral vessels were counted. Endothelial cells were more prominent in pure neuroblastomas than in maturing and more mature tumors. VPs showed no statistical difference between the groups of patients as defined by the levels of the other prognostic factors in neuroblastoma: age, stage, histopathology, TRK-A, P-glycoprotein expression, or MYCN copy number. In patients who relapsed, tumors did not show statistically significant difference in VPs when compared with tumors from patients who did not relapse. There was also no difference in VPs in tumors from living patients when compared with tumors from deceased patients. Overall survival was 75%, and event-free survival was 55% at 50 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VPs could be adequately determined by a computerized system in neuroblastoma; however, VPs were not predictive of survival for our patients. In our patients, neither disseminated nor local relapses were influenced by the angiogenic characteristics of the tumors.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hospital Infantil La Fe, University of Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cañete
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bermúdez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellín
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Llombart-Bosch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate