Adverse reactions to radiocontrast media in an Indian population.
This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological characteristics and clinical presentation of adverse reactions to intravenous radiocontrast media (CM) in patients of Indian origin. 379 of 1798 patients who received either sodium iothalamate or sodium meglumine diatrizoate developed adverse reactions (i.e. 21.08% of patients). The incidence of mild, moderate and severe adverse reactions were 19.47%, 1.33% and 0.28%, respectively. One patient who developed a severe reaction expired. There were no differences in the incidence of adverse reactions according to gender (males 21.2%; females 20.8%; p = 0.907) or age (p = 0.876). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in patients with a history of previous reactions (45.5%) than in those with no history (20.9%; p = 0.046). The incidence of reactions was also significantly higher in patients with a history of predisposing factors such as bronchial asthma (69.2%) and diabetes mellitus (60.0%) than in those without such a history (20.6%; p = 0). The incidence of adverse reactions in patients who received premedication prior to CM administration because of a history of predisposing factors (21.4%) was not significantly different from that in patients who were not premedicated (21.2%; p = 0.974), a result probably due to inadequate premedication used in the study. The skin was the most commonly affected site of reaction.
Thomas
M
M
Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India.
Peedicayil
J
J
Koshi
T
T
Korah
I
I
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007223:Infant; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011292:Premedication; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People
D003287:Contrast Media; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine