title: Enhanced chemotaxis of macrophages by strenuous exercise in trained mice: thyroid hormones as possible mediators.
abstract: Exercise modulates the macrophage activity via 'stress hormones'. Three experiments were performed. (1) The effect of strenuous exercise performed by trained mice on macrophage chemotactic capacity was evaluated; (2) peritoneal macrophages from control mice were incubated with plasma from exercised mice or control mice and the differences in chemotaxis were measured; (3) changes in plasma T3 and T4 levels after exercise were measured, and the effect of incubation with the post-exercise levels of plasma T3 and T4 on chemotaxis was then studied in vitro. A 10(4)-fold higher concentration of each hormone was also evaluated. Exercise provoked an increase in chemotaxis (104 +/- 35 vs. 47 +/- 11 in controls). Incubation with plasma from exercised mice led to an increased level of chemotaxis. Incubation with concentrations of T3 and T4 similar to those observed in post-exercise plasma (T3, 2.3 nmol l(-1); T4, 84 nmol l(-1)) enhanced chemotaxis with respect to incubation with the basal concentrations of the hormones in control animals. A 10(4)-fold concentration of T4 reversed this effect. It is concluded that thyroid hormones stimulate macrophage chemotaxis. Also, these data support the hypothesis that thyroid hormones may be involved in exercise-induced stimulation of chemotaxis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Forner
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barriga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013974:Thyroxine