Intracellular traffic to compartments for MHC class II peptide loading: signals for endosomal and polarized sorting.
In this review we focus on the traffic of MHC class II and endocytosed antigens to intracellular compartments where antigenic peptides are loaded. We also discuss briefly the nature of the peptide loading compartment and the sorting signals known to direct antigen receptors and MHC class II and associated molecules to this location. MHC class II molecules are expressed on a variety of polarized epithelial and endothelial cells, and polarized cells are thus potentially important for antigen presentation. Here we review some cell biological aspects of polarized sorting of MHC class II and the associated invariant chain and the signals that are involved in the sorting process to the basolateral domain. The molecules involved in sorting and loading of peptide may modulate antigen presentation, and in particular we discuss how invariant chain may change the cellular phenotype and the kinetics of the endosomal pathway.
Bakke
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O
Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Norway. obakke@bio.uio.no
Nordeng
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D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity; D011992:Endosomes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D010455:Peptides