Aesthetic periocular surgery including brow, midface, and upper face.
Because of the rapid evolution and wide scope of cosmetic surgery in this decade we focus on some of the newer techniques used by oculoplastic surgeons for the rejuvenation of the periorbital area. These procedures may be used alone or as adjuncts to more established plastic surgery techniques. We discuss the role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of facial furrows, new techniques in forehead and brow suspension, the suborbicularis oculi fat suspension, and the role of chemical peels in the periorbital area, upper face, and forehead. All four of these techniques are important in addressing facial rhytids in the periorbital region. It is important to realize that in modern-day cosmetic surgery the best results are achieved using a multidimensional approach incorporating surgical procedures together with nonsurgical techniques or minimally invasive procedures.
Tayani
R
R
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston 02114, USA.
Rubin
P A
PA
D004954:Esthetics; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000601:surgery*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*