title: Detection of mammosomatotrophs in paraffin-embedded specimens of various pituitary adenomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are various classification systems for pituitary adenomas based on whether mammosomatotroph cells, which simultaneously express both prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH), can be found. Until the present, the identification of such cells required special techniques and could not be performed in paraffin-embedded specimens. This hindered large-scale studies for detection of mammosomatotrophs in various pituitary adenomas and, as a result, such classification has remained controversial. To establish a methodology for the detection of mammosomatotrophs in paraffin-embedded specimens and to propose a more logical classification for pituitary adenomas, the authors conducted this retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed double immunofluorescence staining of PRL and GH in paraffin-embedded specimens of various pituitary adenomas with subsequent observation with a confocal laser-scanning microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mammosomatotrophs were found in four of the 10 GH-secreting adenomas and one of the 10 clinically nonfunctioning adenomas. However, mammosomatotrophs were not identified in all 10 cases of prolactinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report in the literature that successfully demonstrates the presence of mammosomatotrophs in routine paraffin-embedded pituitary adenomas. The new methodology is important for future study of the function and role of these cells. A large-scale study for mammosomatotrophs in various pituitary adenomas with this method and a more logical classification of pituitary adenomas are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tajika
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takakura
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010232:Paraffin; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016610:Tissue Embedding
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D010232:Paraffin; D011388:Prolactin