title: Adrenaline-induced mobilization of T cells in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: The present study aimed to investigate lymphocyte mobilization from peripheral cell reservoirs in HIV-infected patients. Nine HIV-infected patients on stable highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), eight treatment-naive HIV-infected patients and eight HIV- controls received a 1-h adrenaline infusion. The adrenaline infusion induced a three-fold increase in the concentration of lymphocytes in all three groups. All HIV-infected patients mobilized significantly higher numbers of CD8+ cells but less CD4+ cells. All subjects mobilized CD45RA+CD62L+ and CD8+CD28+ cells to a lesser extent than CD45RO+CD45RA- and CD8+CD28-cells. Furthermore, high numbers of CD8+CD38+ cells were mobilized only in the HIV-infected patients. It was therefore predominantly T cells with an activated phenotype which were mobilized after adrenaline stimulation. It is concluded that the HIV-associated immune defect induced an impaired ability to mobilize immune-competent cells in response to stress stimuli. Furthermore, the study does not support the idea that CD4+ T cells are trapped in lymph nodes by HIV antigens, because untreated and HAART-treated HIV-infected patients mobilized similar numbers of CD4+ T cells. Finally, no evidence was found for the existence of a HAART-induced non-circulating pool of CD4+ T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cozzi Lepri
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ullum
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiis
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Laursen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qvist
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerstoft
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Skinhøj
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D004837:Epinephrine