Serum syndecan-1: a new independent prognostic marker in multiple myeloma.
Serum samples drawn at diagnosis from 174 myeloma patients were analyzed for the presence of the heparan [corrected] sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-1. Syndecan-1 was elevated in 79% of patients (median, 643 units/mL) compared with 40 healthy controls (median, 128 units/mL), P <.0001. Serum syndecan-1 correlated with the following: serum creatinine, secretion of urine M-component over the course of 24 hours, soluble interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, beta(2)-microglobulin, percentage of plasma cells in the bone marrow, disease stage, and serum M-component concentration. In order to evaluate syndecan-1 as a prognostic marker in multiple myeloma, it was entered into a multivariate Cox regression model. Data from 138 patients were available for this analysis. As a continuous variable, syndecan-1 was an independent prognostic parameter in addition to serum beta(2)-microglobulin and World Health Organization performance status. When syndecan-1 was dichotomized by the best cutoff (66th percentile, 1170 units/mL), the survival difference between the groups was highly significant: "high" syndecan-1 group had a median survival of 20 months, and the "low" syndecan-1 group had a median of 44 months (P <.0001). We conclude that syndecan-1 is a new independent prognostic parameter in multiple myeloma, and its role in prognostic classification systems should be further investigated. (Blood. 2000;95:388-392)
Seidel
C
C
Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and the Section of Hematology, University Hospital, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Sundan
A
A
Hjorth
M
M
Turesson
I
I
Dahl
I M
IM
Abildgaard
N
N
Waage
A
A
Borset
M
M
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008558:Melphalan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D013997:Time Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; C508241:SDC1 protein, human; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D008558:Melphalan; D011241:Prednisone