title: Causes of venous thrombosis in fifty Chinese patients.
abstract: In a whole year from July 1997 to June 1998, a total of 50 patients with sonogram-proved venous thrombosis who called on our hematology clinic consecutively entered into the study. Their mean age was 59.1 +/- 17.5 years, range 18-83 years, and 29 were male. A series of examinations were performed in order to find out the cause of venous thrombosis. These examinations included antithrombin, protein C, protein S, plasminogen, heparin cofactor II, activated protein C ratio, factor V Leiden mutation, fibrinogen, factors VIII and XII, euglobulin lysis time, 677 C-->T mutation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), prothrombin 20210 (PT 20210) A allele mutation, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibody, and complete blood count. Five patients (10%) were found to have malignancy; an inferior vena cava thrombosis in one patient was due to venous compression by hydronephrosis; two patients had lupus anticoagulant; two had varicose veins of legs; two had protein C deficiency; four had protein S deficiency; two had plasminogen deficiency; two had antithrombin deficiency. No activated protein C resistance, elevated factor VIII level, factor V Leiden, PT 20210 A allele or heparin cofactor II deficiency was found in the present study. Homozygous MTHFR 677 C-->T gene mutation was found in 7 patients (14%); one of them also had a plasminogen deficiency. No possible risk factor of venous thrombosis could be found in 24 patients (48%). In conclusion, malignancy and protein S deficiency were the most frequent acquired and congenital causes of venous thrombosis in the Chinese, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. chho@vghtpe.gov.tw
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gau
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020152:Antithrombin III Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D002681:China; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D008875:Middle Aged; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000235:genetics; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000172:deficiency; D020151:Protein C Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005169:Factor VIII; D010958:Plasminogen; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)