title: Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) is unique among plant model organisms in having a small genome (130-140 Mb), excellent physical and genetic maps, and little repetitive DNA. Here we report the sequence of chromosome 2 from the Columbia ecotype in two gap-free assemblies (contigs) of 3.6 and 16 megabases (Mb). The latter represents the longest published stretch of uninterrupted DNA sequence assembled from any organism to date. Chromosome 2 represents 15% of the genome and encodes 4,037 genes, 49% of which have no predicted function. Roughly 250 tandem gene duplications were found in addition to large-scale duplications of about 0.5 and 4.5 Mb between chromosomes 2 and 1 and between chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively. Sequencing of nearly 2 Mb within the genetically defined centromere revealed a low density of recognizable genes, and a high density and diverse range of vestigial and presumably inactive mobile elements. More unexpected is what appears to be a recent insertion of a continuous stretch of 75% of the mitochondrial genome into chromosome 2.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rounsley
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Benito
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Town
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Fujii
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authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bowman
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authors.lastname: Barnstead
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Feldblyum
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Buell
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ketchum
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ronning
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Moffat
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Aken
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Umayam
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tallon
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Creasy
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Somerville
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Copenhaver
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Preuss
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Nierman
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Salzberg
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Venter
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002503:Centromere; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D018744:DNA, Plant; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020440:Gene Duplication; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000502:physiology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins