title: [Capillary density and respiratory function in the external intercostal muscle].
abstract: Changes in lung function have been related to adaptive structural modifications in respiratory muscles.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the capillary density (Dcap) of the external intercostal muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and its possible relation to respiratory function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two individuals (61 +/- 9 years old) underwent conventional lung function testing and evaluation of respiratory muscles (maximum pressures at rest and a tolerance test using Martyn's technique). The sample included 10 subjects with normal lung function and 32 COPD patients (FEV1 between 13 and 78% of reference), in stable phase and with no respiratory insufficiency (PaO2 > 60 mmHg). A local biopsy of the external intercostal muscle was taken from all subjects at the fifth intercostal space (anterior axillary [correction of axile]) on the non-dominant side. The sample was processed for morphometry and fiber typing with ATPase staining and for quantifying capillarity with Gomori's trichrome staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean diameter was 61 +/- 10 micrograms, with type I fibers predominating (56 +/- 11%). Dcap was 2.8 +/- 0.6 capillaries/fiber (equivalent to 1.02 +/- 0.37 capillaries/mm2 of fibrillary surface). The number of capillaries/fiber was significantly higher in patients with severe COPD (FEV1 < 50% ref) than in controls (3.0 +/- 0.6 versus 2.3 +/- 0.5, p < 0.01) and was inversely related to FEV1 (r = -0.395, p < 0.01). Muscle capillarity was unrelated to other function variables, including markers of respiratory muscle function and gas exchange.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structural remodelling of external intercostal muscles in COPD patients also includes an increase in density of interfibrillary capillaries. This increase is proportional to the severity of obstruction and probably reflects an adaptive phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Fuentes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gea
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Aguar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Minguella
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloreta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Félez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Broquetas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001706:Biopsy; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric