title: Proximal humerus malunions.
abstract: Malunion of a proximal humerus fracture often is painful and debilitating. Operative management of this deformity is technically demanding and frequently results in a relatively high rate of complications. Reconstruction involves a spectrum of procedures including excision of bony prominences, tuberosity osteotomy and realignment, and shoulder arthroplasty. This article covers the etiology, classification, diagnosis, and management of these complex injuries. A successfully performed reconstruction diminishes the patient's pain and potentially increases function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dines
mesh_terms: D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008722:Methods