title: A comparison of different intensity modulation treatment techniques for tangential breast irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several intensity modulation (IM) treatment techniques for tangential breast irradiation were evaluated in terms of dose uniformity in the treated breast volume, contralateral breast dose, and treatment irradiation time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contralateral breast dose was measured via TLD chips, and the dose uniformity was calculated on two anthropomorphic phantoms. IM was applied to all beams or to the lateral-medial (LM) beam only. The techniques evaluated include (a) IM via "step & shoot" multileaf collimator (MLC), (b) IM via intensity modulator (compensator), (c) virtual wedge, and (d) physical wedge. A dose optimization algorithm was used for the first two techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collimator-generated IM techniques (MLC-IM and the virtual wedge) produced 50% (average) less contralateral breast dose than the conventional two-wedge technique. When the compensator or the physical wedge was used, contralateral breast dose was reduced 30% (average) by leaving the ML beam open.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatments generated by dose optimization algorithm and delivered via the compensator and MLC techniques offered superior dose uniformity. Single-beam IM techniques in general use less irradiation time without significant degradation of dose uniformity. The MLC-IM technique in this study required the longest treatment irradiation time, while the virtual wedge and compensator IM techniques required the least.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill 27599-7512, USA. chang@radonc.unc.edu
authors.forename: S X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Deschesne
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cullip
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Earnhart
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001940:Breast; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors