title: Stavudine, lamivudine and indinavir in drug abusing and non-drug abusing HIV-infected patients: adherence, side effects and efficacy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare adherence and clinical outcome with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in intravenous drug users (IDUs) and subjects with other HIV risk behaviours (non-IDUs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 133 non-naive HIV-infected patients, 95 (71%) IDUs and 38 (29%) non-IDUs received triple drug therapy with stavudine, lamivudine, and indinavir. Adherence, side effects, and immunological and virological efficacy of treatment were assessed every 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a median follow-up of 12 months, 43 patients (32% of the total) showed adequate adherence in all clinical appointments. Adherence was superior in non-IDUs than in IDUs in every visit, but a significant difference was found only at 6 months, when 22 (58%) non-IDUs versus 37 (39%) IDUs were adherent (P = 0.047). Mildly increased bilirubin was observed in 69 (52%) patients, and renal colic in 34 (26%). No difference in side effects was found between IDUs and non-IDUs. After 6 months of treatment, 35 (43%) participants presented a CD4 cell count increase >100x10(6)/l, and 47 (58%) achieved undetectable HIV RNA (lower limit of detection: 200 copies/ml). CD4 cell count and HIV RNA responses were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adherence to the employed HAART regimen was poor. Non-IDUs were more adherent than IDUs, but the difference between both groups was small. Side effects and efficacy were similar in IDUs and non-IDUs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital General, Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roca
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnedo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018119:Stavudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine; D019469:Indinavir; D018119:Stavudine