title: [Clinical thinking and decision making in practice. A nurse with acute pain between shoulder blades].
abstract: A 50-year-old female nurse with an unremarkable medical history experienced acute midthoracic pain, irradiating to the chest and increasing during inspiration. Initial physical examination, laboratory tests, chest X-ray and electrocardiography all were normal. Pulmonary scintigraphy could not be performed in the early stage after admission. The clinical diagnosis of probable pulmonary embolism was made, and anticoagulant therapy was started. The following day, the patient gradually developed a spinal cord syndrome, eventually including paraplegia, bladder dysfunction and an incomplete sensory deficit with an upper level at the 5th thoracic dermatome, predominantly affecting temperature and pain sensation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large anterior spinal epidural haematoma, extending from C7 down to T8. Urgent decompressive laminectomy and subsequent partial evacuation of the haematoma were performed, approximately 24 hours after the onset of neurological signs. No bleeding source was found during operation. The patient made a remarkable postoperative recovery.
authors.affiliation: Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Neurologie, CX Utrecht. braun@invivonmr.uu.nl
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Nie
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: DeKoninck
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kamphuis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Groen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006407:Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants