title: Age and diet effects on relative renal echogenicity in geriatric bitches.
abstract: Under controlled, but varied dietary conditions 35 geriatric, uninephrectomized, spayed Beagle bitches (dogs) observed for 4 years, renal cortical and renal medullary echogenicity was measured relative to hepatic and splenic echogenicity. Regardless of the diet fed, 60-75% of these aged dogs had renal cortical echogenicity less than that of either the liver or spleen across time; 25-35% of these dogs had renal cortical echogenicity equal to that of the liver, but less than that of the spleen across time. Less than 3% of these dogs had renal cortical echogenicity greater than that of the liver, but less than that of the spleen. Only 1 (one) of these dogs had renal cortical echogenicity equal to that of the spleen and that occurred at only one of the 14 chronologic assessments. Therefore, in either mature or aged dogs imaged with 4.0 to 5.0 MHz equipment, the renal cortical echogenicity should be considered normal if it is less than or equal to that of the liver and less than that of the spleen. In 29 dogs imaged with the 4.0/5.0 MHz equipment and 6 dogs imaged with 7.5 MHz equipment, there was no significant diet or individual dog effect. The 7.5 MHz (6 dog) group had significantly higher average cortical echogenicity scores than the 4.0/5.0 MHz (29 dog) group. However, the occurrence of renal cortical echogenicity greater than liver echogenicity was seen in only 5 of 83 samples (approximately 6.0%) made on 6 dogs imaged with 7.5 MHz equipment and only 1 of 375 samples (approximately 0.27%) made on 29 dogs with 4.0/5.0 MHz equipment. With the exception of one occurrence, all dogs had renal medullary echogenicity less than that of the liver or spleen regardless of imaging equipment frequency. The renal medulla was always hypoechoic compared to the cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Feeney
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Polzin
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted / Q000662:veterinary; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000662:veterinary; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins