title: Diverse karyotypic abnormalities of the c-myc locus associated with c-myc dysregulation and tumor progression in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Translocations involving c-myc and an Ig locus have been reported rarely in human multiple myeloma (MM). Using specific fluorescence in situ hybridization probes, we show complex karyotypic abnormalities of the c-myc or L-myc locus in 19 of 20 MM cell lines and approximately 50% of advanced primary MM tumors. These abnormalities include unusual and complex translocations and insertions that often juxtapose myc with an IgH or IgL locus. For two advanced primary MM tumors, some tumor cells contain a karyotypic abnormality of the c-myc locus, whereas other tumor cells do not, indicating that this karyotypic abnormality of c-myc occurs as a late event. All informative MM cell lines show monoallelic expression of c-myc. For Burkitt's lymphoma and mouse plasmacytoma tumors, balanced translocation that juxtaposes c-myc with one of the Ig loci is an early, invariant event that is mediated by B cell-specific DNA modification mechanisms. By contrast, for MM, dysregulation of c-myc apparently is caused principally by complex genomic rearrangements that occur during late stages of MM progression and do not involve B cell-specific DNA modification mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Department, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Naval Hospital, Building 8, Room 5101, Bethesda, MD 20889-5105, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shou
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gabrea
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brents
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roschke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dewald
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bergsagel
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Kuehl
mesh_terms: D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics*; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D020223:Chromosome Painting; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D016259:Genes, myc / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D012333:RNA, Messenger