title: Quality of life, functional disability and lifestyle among subgroups of fibromyalgia patients: the significance of anxiety and depression.
abstract: This study explored the significance of anxiety and depression in quality of life, functional disability and lifestyle among fibromyalgia patients. Functional disability was defined by subjective work ability and activity-related discomfort. Lifestyle reflected habits of physical activity, regularity of meals, smoking and patterns of drinking coffee and alcohol. Members of two county divisions of fibromyalgia patients (N = 322) were investigated. Owing to colinearity between anxiety and depression scores, extreme groups were defined according to high vs. low anxiety and depression scores. Two-thirds of the initial sample were excluded by this approach which permitted a 2 x 2 factorial split-plot MANCOVA for the assessment of main effects and interaction of anxiety and depression upon quality of life, functional disability and lifestyle. Main effects of anxiety and depression were significant for index scores on activity-related discomforts, subjective work ability and quality of life, whereas depression was also significantly associated with regularity of meals. Anxiety and depression interacted to yield relatively high consumption of coffee and cigarettes among the anxious and depressed subgroup, and this effect emerged only after the elimination of confounding effects of age and duration of the fibromyalgia disease.
authors.affiliation: North-Troendelag Research Institute, Norway. verdalfh@online.no
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurtze
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Gundersen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Svebak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life