title: Characterization of recombination events leading to the production of an ecotropic replication-competent retrovirus in a GP+envAM12-derived producer cell line.
abstract: Replication-competent retrovirus (RCR) was identified in a GP+envAM12-derived producer cell, containing the MFG-S-Neo retroviral vector, using a marker rescue assay. Studies were undertaken to determine the origin and structure of this RCR. Receptor interference assays demonstrated that the virus was pseudotyped with an ecotropic envelope. Molecular analysis demonstrated the presence of a MoMLV ecotropic env recombinant where the neomycin resistance gene of the MFG-S-Neo vector was replaced by MoMLV ecotropic env. Additional recombinants linking the retroviral pol gene to neo and the neo gene to MoMLV env were also identified. A full-length MoMLV retroviral genome was detected by nested PCR in the contaminated amphotropic producer cells and in cells infected with its supernatant. Unexpectedly, this was also present in the GP+E86 packaging cells together with a previously undescribed envelope construct possessing a full 5' and 3' LTR, although these cells were consistently negative for the presence of RCR. These anomalies in the GP+E86 packaging cell line result in increased homology with the MFG-S-Neo vector, leading to an increased risk for the production of RCR. Our findings point to a need for increased vigilance when using these packaging lines to generate replication-defective retrovirus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Apperley
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Melo
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics; D015684:Gene Products, pol / Q000235:genetics; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008979:Moloney murine leukemia virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015683:Gene Products, gag; D015684:Gene Products, pol; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins