title: Does axillary dissection affect prognosis in T1 breast tumors?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of patients with breast cancer has undergone many revisions over recent decades. The current trend is toward limited resections and breast conservation. Some authors advocate the abandonment of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for small tumors. While it is accepted that ALND has no therapeutic effect in breast cancer patients, its prognostic significance for small tumors is debated. Eligibility criteria for surgical treatment without axillary dissection are evolving.
  
  
  METHODS
  Considering that problem, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of 100 patients with T1 invasive carcinoma of the breast treated at Hippokration Hospital of Athens between 1986 and 1987. Patients were divided into two groups: those that underwent ALND (n=76) and those that did not (n=24). The following data were recorded: age, tumor size, grade, hormone receptor status and postoperative treatment. The ten-year overall and disease-free survival were analysed. A multivariate analysis was used to identify prognostic variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference in the ten-year overall and disease-free survival between the two groups. The univariate analysis showed that tumor size predicts both recurrence and survival. In the multivariate analysis tumor size was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALND did not influence the ten-year survival or the recurrence rate. Tumor size was the only statistically significant and independent prognostic factor for T1 breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, Athens Medical School, Greece.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Dimitrakakis
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Konstadoulakis
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kymionis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manouras
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michalas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Androulakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis