title: Phase I study of 3-week schedule of irinotecan combined with cisplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility, pharmacokinetic interaction, and possible sequence-dependent effects of the irinotecan/cisplatin combination given every 3 weeks, and to assess the influence of additional granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the hematologic toxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had received no more than one prior combination chemotherapy regimen or two single-agent regimens were entered. Treatment consisted of a 90-minute irinotecan infusion followed by a 3-hour cisplatin infusion on day 1, with cycles repeated once every 3 weeks. After the maximum-tolerated dose was determined, the sequence of administration was reversed. In a separate cohort of six patients, we assessed the effect of G-CSF on the experienced hematologic toxicity and dose-intensity. Irinotecan doses ranged from 175 to 300 mg/m(2) and cisplatin doses ranged from 60 to 80 mg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two patients entered the study; one was not eligible, and two were not assessable for response. Twenty-five patients were pretreated, and 26 were not. Fifty-one patients received a total of 223 courses. The dose-limiting toxicity was a combination of neutropenic fever, diarrhea, and fatigue at a dose level combining irinotecan 300 mg/m(2) with cisplatin 80 mg/m(2). Neutropenia was common (grades 3 to 4, 68%). Irinotecan pharmacokinetics were linear over the dose range studied. No sequence-dependent side effects were observed. Tumor responses included three complete responses and eight partial responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For phase II studies, we recommend irinotecan 260 mg/m(2) combined with cisplatin 80 mg/m(2) once every 3 weeks for chemotherapy-naive patients in good physical condition, and irinotecan 200 mg/m(2) combined with cisplatin 80 mg/m(2) for other patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Cancer Institute, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: de Jonge
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sparreboom
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Planting
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van der Burg
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: de Boer-Dennert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: ter Steeg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verweij
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D000077146:Irinotecan; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002945:Cisplatin; D002166:Camptothecin