title: Surgical management of seventh nerve paralysis and floppy eyelid syndrome.
abstract: A seven-stage approach to the management of the paretic eyelid complex has been described. These stages include supportive care, planning and execution of general facial reanimation, lower eyelid and canthal resuspension or support, passive upper eyelid animation, dynamic lid animation, and soft tissue repositioning. A final stage, the epilogue, is described for the treatment of the synkinesis and hypertonicity that often develop. Recent developments in these areas are discussed. Floppy eyelid syndrome, first described by Culbertson and Ostler, is a syndrome of chronic papillary conjunctivitis in overweight patients with easily everted eyelids. The syndrome has now been associated with a variety of other conditions and findings. Surgical management with horizontal shortening of the floppy eyelids remains the mainstay of therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology University of California San Francisco 94143-0730, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Seiff
mesh_terms: D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000294:innervation*; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D013577:Syndrome