title: UPA, a universal protein array system for quantitative detection of protein-protein, protein-DNA, protein-RNA and protein-ligand interactions.
abstract: Protein-protein interactions have been widely used to study gene expression pathways and may be considered as a new approach to drug discovery. Here I report the development of a universal protein array (UPA) system that provides a sensitive, quantitative, multi-purpose, effective and easy technology to determine not only specific protein-protein interactions, but also specific interactions of proteins with DNA, RNA, ligands and other small chemicals. (i) Since purified proteins are used, the results can be easily interpreted. (ii) UPA can be used multiple times for different targets, making it economically affordable for most laboratories, hospitals and biotechnology companies. (iii) Unlike DNA chips or DNA microarrays, no additional instrumentation is required. (iv) Since the UPA uses active proteins (without denaturation and renaturation), it is more sensitive compared with most existing methods. (v) Because the UPA can analyze hundreds (even thousands on a protein microarray) of proteins in a single experiment, it is a very effective method to screen proteins as drug targets in cancer and other human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. geh@box-g.nih.gov
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D015342:DNA Probes; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D015335:Molecular Probes; D011485:Protein Binding; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D015347:RNA Probes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015342:DNA Probes; D008024:Ligands; D015335:Molecular Probes; C504649:PSIP1 protein, human; D015347:RNA Probes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA