The FAD binding sites of human liver monoamine oxidases A and B: investigation of the role of flavin ribityl side chain hydroxyl groups in the covalent flavinylation reaction and catalytic activities.
The role of ribityl side chain hydroxyl groups of the flavin moiety in the covalent flavinylation reaction and catalytic activities of recombinant human liver monoamine oxidases (MAO) A and B have been investigated using the riboflavin analogue: N(10)-omega-hydroxypentyl-isoalloxazine. Using a rib5 disrupted strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is auxotrophic for riboflavin, MAO A and MAO B were expressed separately under control of a galactose inducible GAL10/CYC1 promoter in the presence of N(10)-omega-hydroxypentyl-isoalloxazine as the only available riboflavin analogue. Analysis of mitochondrial membrane proteins shows both enzymes to be expressed at levels comparable to those cultures grown on riboflavin and to contain covalently bound flavin. Catalytic activities, as monitored by kynuramine oxidation, are equivalent to (MAO A) or 2-fold greater (MAO B) than control preparations expressed in the presence of riboflavin. Although N(10)-omega-hydroxypentyl-isoalloxazine is unable to support growth of riboflavin auxotrophic S. cerevisiae, it is converted to the FMN level by yeast cell free extracts. The FMN form of the analogue is converted to the FAD level by the yeast FAD synthetase, as shown by expression of the recombinant enzyme in Escherichia coli. These data show that the ribityl hydroxyl groups of the FAD moiety are not required for covalent flavinylation or catalytic activities of monoamine oxidases A and B. This is in contrast to the suggestion based on mutagenesis studies that an interaction between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the flavin and the beta-carbonyl of Asp(227) is required for the covalent flavinylation reaction of MAO B (Zhou et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 14862-14868).
Miller
J R
JR
Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, 1510 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322-3050, USA.
Guan
N
N
Hubalek
F
F
Edmondson
D E
DE
D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000737:chemistry; D005415:Flavins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids; D017510:Protein Folding; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism
D005415:Flavins; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; C020143:FMN adenylyltransferase; D012256:Riboflavin