title: The cost-effectiveness of different management strategies for patients on chronic warfarin therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the cost-effectiveness of moving from usual care to more organized management strategies for patients on chronic warfarin therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using information available in the scientific literature, supplemented with data from a large health system and, when necessary, expert opinion, we constructed a 5-year Markov model to evaluate the health and economic outcomes associated with each of three different anticoagulation management approaches: usual care, anticoagulation clinic testing with a capillary monitor, and patient self-testing with a capillary monitor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hypothetical cohorts of patients beginning long-term warfarin therapy were used to generate model results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Model results indicated that moving from usual care to anticoagulation clinic testing would result in a total of 1.7 thromboembolic events and 2.0 hemorrhagic events avoided per 100 patients over 5 years. Another 4.0 thromboembolic events and 0.8 hemorrhagic events would be avoided by moving to patient self-testing. When direct medical care costs and those incurred by patients and their caregivers in receiving care were considered, patient self-testing was the most cost-effective alternative, resulting in an overall cost saving.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results illustrate the potential health and economic benefits of organized care management approaches and capillary monitors in the management of patients receiving warfarin therapy.
authors.affiliation: Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. JLAFATA1@HFHS.ORG
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lafata
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaatz
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003663:Decision Trees; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D008390:Markov Chains; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014859:Warfarin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin