title: Quality of life after radical cystectomy and orthotopic bladder substitution: a comparison between Italian and Swedish men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate possible differences between Italian and Swedish men in health-related quality of life (HRQL) after cystectomy and orthotopic bladder substitution for bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three men in Padua, Italy and 33 in Lund, Sweden were assessed after respective mean postoperative periods of 42 and 52 months. Three questionnaires were used: (i) dealing with view-of-life issues; (ii) the core questionnaire QLQ-C30(+3) from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, with added questions on urinary symptoms and sexuality; and (iii) one focusing on postoperative psychosocial and sexual adjustment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While Italian and Swedish men did not differ in their central values, they differed significantly in belief-related values, such as religion. Urinary problems and erectile dysfunction were common in both groups, the former possibly commoner in the Swedish men and the latter in the Italians. Changes in mood and self-esteem were common in both groups. On a visual analogue scale, the Italian men reported a worse present mood than the Swedish men, but expressed a more favourable outlook on their future.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite differences in philosophical attitudes between Italian and Swedish men, there were no major differences in HRQL. Caution is required in interpreting these findings because there were few participants and the possible inadequacy of the methods used to evaluate the complex concept of quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Månsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capovilla
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colleen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pagano
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Månsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent