title: AUD4, a new amplifiable element from Streptomyces lividans.
abstract: After transformation of the Streptomyces lividans chloramphenicol-sensitive, arginine-auxotrophic mutant strain AJ100 with a derivative of plasmid SCP2, some of the regenerated protoplasts contained an 8.2 kb DNA sequence amplified to several hundred copies per chromosome. The corresponding non-amplified sequence, called AUD4, was isolated from a lambda phage genomic library of S. lividans 1326. Two cytosine residues were the only directly repeated nucleotides at the ends of the element, indicating that AUD4 is a class I amplifiable sequence. The element mapped in the AseI-D fragment of the S. lividans chromosome, where other class I amplifications have been described. The complete element was sequenced and 10 ORFs were identified. Some of the deduced proteins are highly conserved in other organisms but a putative function could be attributed to only a few of them. Duplication of AUD4 by integration of an Escherichia coli plasmid carrying various parts of AUD4 and a thiostrepton-resistance gene in S. lividans AJ100, ZX7 or TK64 induced amplification of the integrated plasmid, AUD4 or both at high frequency.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany1.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany1.
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany1.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Altenbuchner
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005784:Gene Amplification / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial