title: HLA class II transgenic mice: models of the human CD4+ T-cell immune response.
abstract: This review examines the field of current HLA class II transgenic mouse models and the individual approaches applied in production of these mice. The majority of these mice have been created with the objective of obtaining a disease model with clinical features mimicking human autoimmune disease. The development process of a different type of HLA class II transgenic mice, which are designed to function as a substitute for a normal human immune system in studies of human autoantigens, is described. Several HLA-DR4 transgenic lines with normally expressed HLA-DR4 molecules have been produced. To obtain adequate positive selection of the HLA-DR4-restricted CD4+ T-cell repertoire in these mice it is essential both to introduce a human CD4 transgene, and to delete the murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. These HLA-DR4 transgenic mice have been used to determine the immunogenic CD4+ T-cell epitopes of several human autoantigenic proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5124, USA. gretes@leland.stanford.edu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sønderstrup
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Cope
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Congia
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hain
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Fugger
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michie
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: McDevitt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000378:metabolism; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen