title: Methadone injecting in Australia: a tale of two cities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The injection of methadone syrup designed for oral consumption is potentially associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Previous reports from Sydney, Australia have suggested a high prevalence of methadone injecting by clients in methadone programmes and by heroin users not in methadone treatment. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of methadone injecting by clients in community based methadone programmes in Melbourne, Australia, which operate under different take away policies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used a cross-sectional survey of methadone clients using a self-complete questionnaire. Subjects were recruited from randomly selected methadone dispensing pharmacies across Melbourne. Participation was voluntary.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixty-eight methadone clients were recruited to the study. The mean age was 34.2 years; 59% were male.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two of 168 methadone clients reported having injected methadone within the preceding 6-month period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lower prevalence of methadone injecting in Melbourne (compared to Sydney) is thought to be due to the less liberal take-away policy, and the mandatory dilution of methadone take-aways to 200 ml of liquid. Implications for methadone take-away policies and procedures are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Turning Point Alcohol & Drug Centre Inc, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia. nickl@turningpoint.org.au
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lintzeris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lenné
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ritter
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006300:Health Services Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone