title: Vanadate induces calcium signaling, Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel activation, and gene expression in T lymphocytes and RBL-2H3 mast cells via thiol oxidation.
abstract: Using ratiometric Ca2+ imaging and patch-clamp measurement of Ca2+ channel activity, we investigated Ca2+ signaling induced by vanadium compounds in Jurkat T lymphocytes and rat basophilic leukemia cells. In the presence of external Ca2+, vanadium compounds produced sustained or oscillatory Ca2+ elevations; in nominally Ca2+-free medium, a transient Ca2+ rise was generated. Vanadate-induced Ca2+ signaling was blocked by heparin, a competitive inhibitor of the 1,4, 5-inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor, suggesting that Ca2+ influx is secondary to depletion of IP3-sensitive Ca2+ stores. In Jurkat T cells, vanadate also activated the Ca2+-dependent transcription factor, NF-AT. Intracellular dialysis with vanadate activated Ca2+ influx through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels with kinetics comparable to those of dialysis with IP3. Neither phosphatase inhibitors nor nonhydrolyzable nucleotide analogues modified CRAC channel activation. The action of vanadate, but not IP3, was prevented by the thiol-reducing agent DTT. In addition, the activation of CRAC channels by vanadate was mimicked by the thiol-oxidizing agent chloramine T. These results suggest that vanadate enhances Ca2+ signaling via thiol oxidation of a proximal element in the signal transduction cascade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Ehring
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kerschbaum
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fanger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rauer
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cahalan
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008845:Microinjections; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014638:Vanadates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014157:Transcription Factors; C119540:oxodiperoxo(pyridine-2-carboxylate)vanadate(V); D014638:Vanadates; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006493:Heparin; D002118:Calcium