title: The mannopine synthase promoter contains vectorial cis-regulatory elements that act as enhancers and silencers.
abstract: A 479-bp bi-directional promoter controls the expression of two genes (mas1' and mas2') that encode enzymes for the synthesis of the opine mannopine in plant tissues infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This 5' regulatory region (mas promoter) contains all the cis-acting elements involved in mediating the complex regulatory properties of these genes in plants. Using different mas promoter regions fused to a minimal 35S promoter (35Sdelta108), we found that the regulatory properties of these divergent promoters result from the presence of orientation-dependent negative and positive regulatory regions. Some of these elements have the unusual property of acting as enhancers in one orientation and as silencers in the other. Using electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA), we showed that the functional mas promoter regions identified by fluorometric and histochemical assays for reporter gene activity in transgenic plants have the ability specifically to bind nuclear protein factors from Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum tuberosum, and Arabidopsis thaliana.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guevara-García
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Bucio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Herrera-Estrella
mesh_terms: D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020868:Gene Silencing; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; C070395:mannopine synthase