title: Parallel coil resonators for time-domain radiofrequency electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of biological objects.
abstract: Resonators suitable for time-domain electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging at a radiofrequency capable of accommodating experimental animals such as mice are described. Design considerations included B(1) field homogeneity, optimal Q, spectral bandwidth, resonator ring-down, and sensitivity. Typically, a resonator with 25-mm diameter and 25-mm length was constructed by coupling 11 single loops in parallel with a separation of 2.5 mm. To minimize the resonator ring-down time and provide the necessary spectral bandwidth for in vivo imaging experiments, the Q was reduced predominantly by overcoupling. Capacitative coupling was utilized to minimize microphonic effects. The B(1) field in the resonator was mapped both radially and axially and found to be uniform and adequate for imaging studies. Imaging studies with phantom objects containing a narrow-line spin probe as well as in vivo objects administered with the spin probe show the suitability of these resonators for valid reproduction of the spin probe distribution in three dimensions. The fabrication of such resonators is simple and can be scaled up with relative ease to accommodate larger objects as well.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Devasahayam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murugesan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afeworki
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Tschudin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Krishna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels