title: Modelling the contribution of individual radionuclides to the total gamma air kerma rate for the sediments of the Ribble Estuary, NW England.
abstract: The aim of this study was to test the performance of a published dose-rate model, investigate the contribution of individual radionuclides to the total gamma air kerma rate (GAKR) and derive external doses to man in the Ribble Estuary, NW England. GAKRs were measured and sediment cores were collected in order to determine radionuclide specific activities with depth. The latter values were used as input data for the external dose-rate model. The model has a slight tendency to over-predict the GAKR, but, on average, the model predictions fall within +/-26% of the measured value. Improvements, in the present case, might be made by accounting for core shortening and variations in soil density in the input data. The model predicted that, for exposed intertidal mud sites, a range of GAKRs between 0.011 and 0.022 microGy h(-1) was attributable to Springfields discharges alone. The contribution due to 234mPa and 234Th ranged between 20 and 60%. An excess GAKR (GAKR arising from anthropogenic emissions alone) of 0.139-0.150 microGy h(-1), used in conjunction with relevant habit-survey data (for a potential critical group) and conversion factors, yielded a dose to man of 0.029-0.031 mSv year(-1).
authors.affiliation: Environmental Sciences, Westlakes Scientific Consulting, Westlakes Science and Technology Park, Cumbria, UK.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rae
mesh_terms: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D000465:Algorithms; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004739:England; D005544:Forecasting; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011210:Power Plants; D011478:Protactinium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D013910:Thorium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D014501:Uranium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D011868:Radioisotopes; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D011478:Protactinium; D014501:Uranium; D013910:Thorium