title: Replacement of the morphologically tricuspid valve in children with discordant atrioventricular connections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our clinical experience was reviewed to determine the efficacy of replacement of the atrioventricular (AV) valve for the systemic circulation in children with discordant AV connections undergoing functional biventricular repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine children underwent replacement of the morphologically tricuspid valve at the age of 10 months to 15 years. Ventriculoarterial connections were discordant in five children, and double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis or atresia in four. In all children the prosthesis chosen was a mechanical valve; valve sizes ranged from 19 mm to 31 mm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient died of ventricular failure immediately after surgery. Two patients underwent reoperation for re-replacement at eight and 68 months after the initial replacement because of non-structural dysfunction. Complete AV block occurred after intracardiac maneuvers in the non-survivor. Transient AV dissociation was noted in another patient. General conditions improved greatly after surgery in all survivors. In the morphologically right ventricle placed for the systemic circulation the end-diastolic volume fell from 327 +/- 182% (range: 109-621%) to 169 +/- 97% (range: 85-352%) of the anticipated normal value (p = 0.03), while pressure fell from 13 +/- 4 (range: 7-19) mmHg to 8 +/- 3 (range: 2-12) mmHg (p = 0.005). The ejection fraction was only marginally reduced (47 +/- 13% (range: 26-62%) preoperatively versus 34 +/- 11% (range: 20-54%) postoperatively; p = 0.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In children with discordant atrioventricular connections and severe regurgitation across the morphologically tricuspid valve, the valve can be efficiently replaced for the systemic circulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Numata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yagihara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahira
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*