title: Quantification of the xenoestrogens 4-tert.-octylphenol and bisphenol A in water and in fish tissue based on microwave assisted extraction, solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Extraction methods were developed for quantification of the xenoestrogens 4-tert.-octylphenol (tOP) and bisphenol A (BPA) in water and in liver and muscle tissue from the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The extraction of tOP and BPA from tissue samples was carried out using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Water samples were extracted using only SPE. For the quantification of tOP and BPA, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation interface (APCI) was applied. The combined methods for tissue extraction allow the use of small sample amounts of liver or muscle (typically 1 g), low volumes of solvent (20 ml), and short extraction times (25 min). Limits of quantification of tOP in tissue samples were found to be approximately 10 ng/g in muscle and 50 ng/g in liver (both based on 1 g of fresh tissue). The corresponding values for BPA were approximately 50 ng/g in both muscle and liver tissue. In water, the limit of quantification for tOP and BPA was approximately 0.1 microg/l (based on 100 ml sample size).
authors.affiliation: Danish Centre for Environmental Oestrogen Research, Institute of Biology, Odense University Campusvej 55, Denmark. snp@dou.dk
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lindholst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010636:Phenols; D014867:Water; C105260:4-tert-octylphenol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds