title: Plasma cystatin C concentration in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation with nephropathy.
abstract: We determined plasma concentrations of cystatin C, beta2-microglobulin - beta2-MG (low molecular mass protein markers of glomerular filtration rate - GFR), creatinine (marker of GFR) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion (marker of glomerular and tubular dysfunction) in 41 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. A significant increase of all the measured parameters (p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) in comparison to the control group, was observed. In the patients with microalbuminuria, only plasma cystatin C concentration and urinary NAG excretion increased significantly in comparison to patients with normoalbuminuria. At a cut-off level of 1.74 mg/l for cystatin C and 1.81 U/g creatinine for NAG (95% percentile of the normoalbuminuric group), the sensitivity of the tests for detecting microalbuminuria was 82% for cystatin C and 86% for NAG. The specificities were 88 and 92%, respectively. The present study demonstrated that determination of plasma cystatin C might be useful in the detection of incipient diabetic nephropathy and is a potentially better marker than creatinine or beta2-MG. No correlation between parameters measured in plasma or urine and glycated hemoglobin was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, University Medical School, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piwowar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knapik-Kordecka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Buczyńska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warwas
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; C525030:CST3 protein, human