title: Max protein expression is associated with survival of children with lymphoblastic lymphoma.
abstract: Overexpression of c-Myc in murine B lineage cells is associated with a polyclonal pre-B cell expansion as well as development of pre-B or B lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) accompanied by leukemia, which mirrors the clinical features of childhood LL. Of interest, Max overexpression attenuates aberrant growth of B cells triggered by c-Myc. However, the clinical significance of Max in human lymphoid tissue remains to be clarified. In the present studies, we studied the expression of the c-Myc and Max proteins in normal lymph nodes and in childhood LL. In normal lymph nodes, c-Myc protein was expressed by the majority of cells in germinal center and marginal zone, but Max protein was expressed only by some of them. In contrast, c-Myc and Max were absent in mantle zone. Cells positive for c-Myc and Max expression in LL were 70.6 +/- 19.8% and 47.3 +/- 32.4%, respectively, determined by immunohistochemical staining using paraffin blocks from 23 cases of childhood LL. The survival of children with LL showing higher Max expression (> or = 30%) was significantly greater than that of lower expression (< 30%; P = 0.0027 using the Mantel-Cox test). These results suggest that Max protein may affect prognosis of childhood LL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuza
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urashima
mesh_terms: D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C499330:MAX protein, human; C067850:Myc associated factor X; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D014157:Transcription Factors