title: A new sulfated beta-galactan from clams with anti-HIV activity.
abstract: A new polysaccharide composed of galactan sulfate with a beta-(1-->3)-glycosidic linkage has been isolated from the marine clam species Meretrix petechialis. The polysaccharide was homogeneous in its composition containing D-galactose. The glycosidic linkage was examined by 2D DQF-COSY and 2D NOESY spectroscopy. The coupling constant of anomeric proton was 7.8 Hz, suggesting a beta-galacto configuration. The downfield shift of H-2 of galactose residue demonstrated the presence of 2-O-sulfonate group. TQF-COSY confirmed that the C-6 position was substituted with a sulfonate group. The anti-HIV activity of the polysaccharides has been evaluated by the inhibition of syncytia formation. The fusion index and percentage fusion inhibition of sulfated galactan were 0.34 and 56% at 200 micrograms/mL.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Amornrut
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imanari
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Linhardt
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D005685:Galactans / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D005685:Galactans; C046510:galactan polysulfate; D016264:Dextran Sulfate