title: Epidemic transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in renal dialysis centers in Egypt.
abstract: In 1993 an epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection occurred among 39 patients at 2 renal dialysis centers in Egypt. The centers, private center A (PCA) and university center A (UCA) were visited, HIV-infected patients were interviewed, seroconversion rates at UCA were calculated, and relatedness of HIV strains was determined by sequence analysis; 34 (62%) of 55 patients from UCA and 5 (42%) of 12 patients from PCA were HIV-infected. The HIV seroconversion risk at UCA varied significantly with day and shift of dialysis session. Practices that resulted in sharing of syringes among patients were observed at both centers. The analyzed V3 loop sequences of the HIV strain of 12 outbreak patients were >96% related to each other. V3 loop sequences from each of 8 HIV-infected Egyptians unrelated to the 1993 epidemic were only 76%-89% related to those from outbreak strains. Dialysis patients may be at risk for HIV infection if infection control guidelines are not followed.
authors.affiliation: National AIDS Programme, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: El Sayed
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gomatos
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Beck-Sagué
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: von Briesen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osmanov
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Esparza
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wahdan
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Jarvis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003428:Cross Infection; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006436:Hemodialysis Units, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016485:Needle Sharing; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments