title: Regulation of locomotor activity by metabotropic glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area.
abstract: Glutamatergic innervation of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NA) regulates locomotor activity. The present study was designed to evaluate the involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in motor activity. Agonists selective for each of the three subgroups of mGluRs were microinjected into the VTA or NA, and motor activity was monitored. The group I agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine elicited a dose-dependent elevation in motor activity after microinjection into either the VTA or NA. The effect in the NA was blocked by the mGluR1-specific antagonist 7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxylate ethyl ester. The group II agonist (2S,2'R,3'R)-2-(2',3'-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine also elicited a short-duration motor activation after microinjection into either structure. The dose response in the VTA was biphasic, and the coadministration of the group II/III-specific antagonist (RS)-alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine partially blocked motor activation in both the NA and VTA. Although the group III agonist L-(+)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid produced a relatively modest behavioral stimulation after microinjection into the NA, it was without effect in the VTA. These data indicate a role for mGluR subgroups in the regulation of motor activity in the VTA and NA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. swanson@musc.edu
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kalivas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008845:Microinjections; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D013997:Time Factors; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area / Q000502:physiology*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: C117789:7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropan(b)chromen-1a-carbxoylic acid ethyl ester; D002867:Chromones; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1; C082313:2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D005998:Glycine; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol