Optimizing the percutaneous interventional outcomes for patients with diabetes mellitus: results of the EPISTENT (Evaluation of platelet IIb/IIIa inhibitor for stenting trial) diabetic substudy.
BACKGROUND
Stenting likely decreases the need for target-vessel revascularization procedures in diabetic patients compared with balloon angioplasty. However, the efficacy of stenting with platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade has not yet been assessed in diabetics.


RESULTS
We analyzed the outcomes of 491 diabetic patients within the multicenter Evaluation of Platelet IIb/IIIa Inhibitor for Stenting Trial (EPISTENT). Diabetic patients were a prospectively defined subset: 173 were randomized to stent-placebo, 162 to stent-abciximab, and 156 to balloon angioplasty-abciximab. The main end point for this analysis was combined 6-month death, myocardial infarction (MI), or target-vessel revascularization (TVR). The composite end point occurred in 25.2% of stent-placebo, 23.4% of balloon-abciximab, and 13.0% of stent-abciximab patients (P=0.005). Abciximab therapy, irrespective of revascularization strategy (stent or balloon angioplasty), resulted in a significant reduction in the 6-month death or MI rate: 12.7% for stent-placebo, 7.8% for balloon angioplasty-abciximab, and 6.2% for the stent-abciximab group (P=0.029). The 6-month TVR rate was 16.6% for stent-placebo, 18.4% for balloon-abciximab, and 8.1% for stent-abciximab (P=0.021). Compared with stent-placebo, stent-abciximab therapy was associated with a significant increase in angiographic net gain (0.88 versus 0.55 mm; P=0.011) and a decrease in the late loss index (0.40 versus 0.60 mm; P=0.061). The 1-year mortality rate for diabetics was 4.1% for stent-placebo and 1. 2% for stent-abciximab patients (P=0.11).


CONCLUSIONS
The combination of stenting and abciximab therapy among diabetics resulted in a significant reduction in 6-month rates of death, MI, and TVR compared with stent-placebo or balloon-abciximab therapy.
Marso
S P
SP
Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Lincoff
A M
AM
Ellis
S G
SG
Bhatt
D L
DL
Tanguay
J F
JF
Kleiman
N S
NS
Hammoud
T
T
Booth
J E
JE
Sapp
S K
SK
Topol
E J
EJ
D000077284:Abciximab; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D015607:Stents; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D000077284:Abciximab