title: Clinical management of chronic TMD pain.
abstract: Chronic Pain extracts a "penalty" on society now estimated to be well in excess of $100 million per year. The "penalty" that Chronic Pain extracts from its victims is incalculable. Chronic Pain is a major component of Temporomandibular Disorders. The current neurological theory of the mechanism of chronic TMD pain is explored along with the current modes of treatment. Pharmacological management of Chronic Pain in a clinical setting is outlined. Dentists are involved in pain management on a daily basis. Dentists treat pain both prophylacticly and in response to specific patient symptoms. Most dental treatment involves some type of pain management. We, dentists, have become very adept at managing acute pain. We have much greater difficulty managing chronic pain. The word "pain" derives from the Greek word for penalty, and appeared to them to be a "penalty" inflicted by the gods. In 1984, Bonica estimated that one-third of all Americans suffered from some kind of chronic pain at a "penalty" to society of $65 Billion annually in medical expenses and lost wages and productivity. This figure is certainly much greater now. Chronic pain can be a very complex problem that can require a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Chronic pain in the dental setting is most frequetly caused by prolonged Temporomandibular Disorders.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents