title: An evaluation of modeled benzene exposure and dose estimates published in the Chinese-National Cancer Institute collaborative epidemiology studies.
abstract: Risk estimates and cause and effect determinations are directly dependent on exposure and dose-response relationships. Recently, relative risks and excess cancer mortality attributed to occupational benzene exposure have been published in collaborative studies conducted by Chinese investigators and scientists from the National Cancer Institute. The results of these studies suggest increased risk of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia at relatively low benzene concentrations and associations with cancers not previously associated with benzene exposure. These studies are potentially important due to their size and potential to more thoroughly investigate the link between benzene exposure and cancer. However, there are questions concerning the validity of exposure and dose estimates supporting relative risk characterizations in these studies. Apparent discrepancies between modeled exposure and dose estimates and sources of actual measured exposure information and clinical markers of benzene toxicity raise serious concerns questioning the reliability of relative risk and cancer associations stated in these studies.
authors.affiliation: ATRA Occupation and Environmental Services, BBL, Inc., Tallahassee, Florida 32301, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Budinsky
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: DeMott
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wernke
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schell
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D001554:Benzene / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D002273:Carcinogens; D001554:Benzene