title: Surgical management of Graves orbitopathy.
abstract: The surgical management of Graves ophthalmopathy includes treatment of globe malposition (exophthalmos), strabismus, and eyelid abnormalities. The various techniques used continue to be refined and are detailed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Lions Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, New York, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome