title: Use of emergency medical services by children with special health care needs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes emergency medical services (EMS) responses for children with special health care needs (CSHCN) in an urban area over a one-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective surveillance system was established to identify EMS responses for children, 21 years of age or younger, with a congenital or acquired condition or a chronic physical or mental illness. Responses related to the special health care needs of the child were compared with unrelated responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a one-year period, 924 responses were identified. Fewer than half of the responses were related to the child's special health care need. Younger children were significantly more likely to have a response related to their special needs than older children. Among related responses, seizure disorder was the most common diagnosis, while asthma was more common for unrelated responses. Almost 58% of the responses resulted in transport of the child to a hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emergency medical services responses related to a child's special health care needs differ from unrelated responses. The most common special health care needs of children did not require treatment beyond the prehospital care provider's usual standard of care. These results are relevant for communities providing EMS services for CSHCN.
authors.affiliation: Arizona Emergency Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Spaite
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conroy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tibbitts
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Karriker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seng
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Criss
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Meislin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000552:Ambulances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001130:Arizona; D001249:Asthma; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004827:Epilepsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies