title: The impact of childhood foster care and other out-of-home placement on homeless women and their children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compares homeless women who had childhood histories of foster care or other out-of-home placement to those who have not.
  
  
  METHODS
  A countywide probability sample of homeless women (n = 179) received structured interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-third of homeless women reported being raised apart from their parents. Among women with children under age 18, most (61.5%) had children who had lived in foster care or other out-of-home placements. Variables associated with homeless mothers' children living in foster care or other out-of-home placements were: Child was school-age, mother was age 35 or older, mother had a current alcohol or drug use disorder, mother experienced childhood sexual abuse, and mother ran away from home (when under age 18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenting is difficult for homeless mothers who may need to place their children with others to facilitate school attendance. Parent-child interaction may be problematic in family shelters where privacy is rare. Thus, programs promoting family preservation for homeless mothers should provide parenting support as well as permanent housing.
authors.affiliation: Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94706, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zlotnick
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005581:Foster Home Care; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting; D012944:Social Support; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology