title: Carbohydrate absorption from fruit juices in infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the absorption of carbohydrate in particular from a lower (10 mL/kg(-1)) quantity than that previously tested, of white grape juice and pear juice after a single feeding and after ingestion twice daily for 2 weeks, and determine their respective effects on stool water content, in healthy infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy, well-nourished infants, 5 to 9 months of age, who were recruited from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infants underwent a breath hydrogen test after a serving of pear juice. Three to 5 days later, the test was repeated after a serving of white grape juice. Infants were randomly assigned to receive a 10 mL/kg(-1) serving of grape juice or pear juice twice daily for 2 weeks. The breath tests were repeated after the ingestion of the juices in the same sequence. With the second breath test with pear juice, a charcoal marker and 20 mg (13)C fructose, a stable, nonradioactive isotope, were mixed with the juice. Water content of the stools was compared before and after the 2-week feeding of the juice, and fecal samples were analyzed for (13)C enrichment by mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the ingestion of the fruit juices, only 1 infant had an abnormal peak hydrogen (H(2); >/=10 ppm), which followed the pear juice. That same infant was the only one who had H(2) levels >/=10 ppm after grape juice. There was no significant difference in the peak breath H(2) levels after grape juice and pear juice either at the beginning of the study or 2 weeks after taking the juice assigned (2.8 ppm +/- 2.9 vs 6.2 ppm +/- 9, respectively). The difference in breath H(2) response before and after the 2 weeks of fruit juice intake was not significant. Mean (+/-standard deviation) fecal (13)C enrichment at baseline was 3.0 Delta%o (+/-2.4), which was not significantly different from after 2 weeks of juice intake (2.4 Delta%o [+/-1.5]), regardless of the juice assigned: 2.7 Delta%o (+/-1.6) for grape juice and 2.2 Delta%o (+/-1.5) for pear juice. Mean (+/-standard deviation) percentage of fecal water at baseline was 24.1% (+/-5.1), which was not significantly different from after 2 weeks of juice (22.5% [+/-6]), regardless of the juice received: 21.8% (+/-5.8) for grape juice and 23.2% (+/-6.7) for pear juice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When either grape or pear juice is administered in a dosage of 10 mL/kg/day, the carbohydrate is well absorbed, produces no adverse gastrointestinal symptoms, and has no effect on stool water in healthy infants.
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. carlosl@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lifschitz
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D019685:Rosales / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005632:Fructose; D013012:Sorbitol; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose