Seven non-contiguous intracellular residues of the lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor dictate the rate of agonist-induced internalization and its sensitivity to non-visual arrestins.
The amino acid sequences of the human (h) and rat (r) lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptors (LHR) are 87% identical, but the rate of agonist-induced internalization of the hLHR is approximately 7 times faster than that of the rLHR. Chimeras of the hLHR and the rLHR showed that this rate is dictated by the serpentine domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Further mutational analysis identified seven residues, two adjacent residues in the second intracellular loop (Val/Gln in the rLHR and Ile/His in the hLHR), four non-contiguous residues in the third intracellular loop (Arg/Gln/Thr/Pro in the rLHR and Lys/Arg/Met/Thr in the hLHR), and one in the C-terminal tail (Leu in the rLHR and Phe in the hLHR), that are necessary and sufficient to impart the slow rate of internalization of the rLHR and the fast rate of internalization of the hLHR. The internalization of the rLHR and the hLHR display different sensitivities to the non-visual arrestins. Therefore, we also tested if the simultaneous exchange of these seven residues resulted in the exchange of this property. Since this was found to be the case, we propose that these seven residues identified here form a non-visual arrestin-binding site.
Nakamura
K
K
Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Liu
X
X
Ascoli
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D019390:Arrestins; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011974:Receptors, LH; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins