title: Esophageal dysplasias are detected by endoscopy with Lugol in patients at risk for squamous cell carcinoma in southern Brazil.
abstract: Diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is usually late. Staining of the mucosa with Lugol's solution during endoscopy has been suggested to identify early cancer/dysplasia and may improve prognosis. Lugol was tested during endoscopy in 96 asymptomatic subjects at risk for this tumor, who were found to have atypias after exfoliative cytology in southern Brazil. Biopsies were obtained in Lugol's 'stained' and 'unstained' areas in the esophageal mucosa and the histologic results were compared. 'Unstained' areas were present in 64 (66.7%) instances: 44 'unstained' areas over mucosa with normal appearance revealed seven dysplasias (four high and three low grade), whereas 20 'unstained' areas with visible lesions contained only one dysplasia (low grade). 'Stained' areas in 96 (100%) subjects showed two additional dysplasias (one high and one low grade). In this study, Lugol 'unstained' areas were of great value for detection of dysplasias (sensitivity = 80%; specificity = 63%; p = 0.01, Fisher's exact test; CI = 95%; odds ratio = 6.7).
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Pathology Services, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kruel
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Putten
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meurer
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Breyer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Prolla
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007455:Iodine