title: Three-in-one blocks with ropivacaine: evaluation of sensory onset time and quality of sensory block.
abstract: The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was to evaluate the sensory onset time and the quality of sensory block of ropivacaine, a new long-acting local anesthetic, compared with bupivacaine, for 3-in-1 blocks. Fifty ASA physical status I-III patients undergoing hip surgery after trauma were randomly assigned to two study groups of 25 patients each. The two study groups received a 3-in-1 block with either 20 mL of ropivacaine 0.5% or 20 mL of bupivacaine 0.5%. Blocks in both groups were performed using a nerve stimulator. The sensory onset time and the quality of sensory block was assessed by pinprick test in the central sensory region of each of the three nerves and compared with the same stimulation in the contralateral leg. We used a scale from 100% (normal sensation) to 0% (no sensory sensation). We did not find significant differences in sensory onset times between the ropivacaine group and the bupivacaine group (30+/-11 vs 32+/-10 min). The quality of sensory blocks was also comparable between the study groups (19%+/-20% vs 21%+/-15%). We conclude that the sensory onset time and quality of sensory block during 3-in-1 blocks performed with ropivacaine are comparable to those with bupivacaine. Ropivacaine is described as being less potent than bupivacaine, making this local anesthetic promising for 3-in-1 blocks because of its reportedly lower incidence of cardiovascular and central nervous system complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ropivacaine 0.5% has a sensory onset time and quality of sensory block during 3-in-1 blocks similar to that of bupivacaine 0.5%. Ropivacaine is described as being less potent than bupivacaine, making it a promising local anesthetic for 3-in-1 blocks because of its reportedly lower cardiovascular and central nervous system toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and General Intensive Care Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marhofer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oismüller
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faryniak
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sitzwohl
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapral
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000577:Amides / Q000009:adverse effects; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D009407:Nerve Block; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine