title: Prostaglandin E2 inhibits lesion formation in dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis in rats and reduces the levels of mucosal inflammatory cytokines.
abstract: Effects of rectally injected prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rats with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis were investigated in terms of histopathology, local myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, local mRNA expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and growth-regulated gene produced/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (GRO/CINC)-1, and secretion of TNF-alpha and GRO/CINC-1. In animals with no PGE2 treatment, DSS-induced erosion and ulceration were particularly severe in the rectum and extended to the proximal colon. Neutrophil infiltration was characteristically present in the lesions and surrounding mucosa. MPO activity at lesion sites was increased. IL-1beta and GRO/CINC-1 mRNA expression was increased, while TNF-alpha mRNA expression was significantly decreased. GRO/CINC-1 secretion was increased but a similar elevation of TNF-alpha was not detected. In the PGE2-treated group, lesion formation was inhibited grossly and microscopically. Neutrophil infiltration and MPO activity in and around lesions were lessened. The reduction in TNF-alpha mRNA expression and secretion was not affected by PGE2. The expression of mRNA for IL-1beta and GRO/CINC-1 was reduced, as was the secretion of GRO/CINC-1. As mRNA expression and secretion of cytokines in lesions of non-PGE2-treated animals was similar to that reported in human ulcerative colitis, rectal injection of PGE2 may prove to be an effective therapy.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatuki, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maemura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toshina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D006133:Growth Substances; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D009195:Peroxidase; D015232:Dinoprostone