title: Trauma history of sheltered battered women.
abstract: The purpose of this nursing research was to describe the trauma experience of sheltered battered women. Trauma history was operationalized as the participant's experience with traumatic life events in general (Trauma History Questionnaire [B. L. Green, 1995]) and with battering specifically (Conflict Tactics Scale, including a Physical Injury Severity scale). A convenience sample of 50 ethnically diverse women in the San Francisco Bay area was obtained from those residing in 2 shelters. Participants had experienced an average of 8.1 +/- 4.6 traumatic events (battering and nonbattering) over the course of their lives. Analysis of relationships between selected biopsychosocial and trauma history variables revealed the importance and beneficial effects of spiritual beliefs to many sheltered battered women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0606, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Neylan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marmar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008016:Life Change Events; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*