Intracellular transport and peptide loading of MHC class II molecules: regulation by chaperones and motors.
MHC class II molecules are important in the onset and modulation of cellular immune responses. Studies on the intracellular transport of these molecules has provided insight into the way pathogens are processed and presented at the cell surface and may result in future immunological intervention strategies. Recent reviews have extensively described structural properties and early events in the biosynthesis of MHC class II (1-3). In this review, the focus will be on the function of the dedicated chaperone proteins Ii, DM and DO in the class II assembly, transport and peptide loading as well on proteins involved in transport steps late in the intracellular transport of MHC class II.
Wubbolts
R
R
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neefjes
J
J
D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000378:metabolism; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis; D006681:HLA-D Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017510:Protein Folding
D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; C416186:H-2O antigen; C416189:H2-M antigens; D006681:HLA-D Antigens; C084245:HLA-DM antigens; C046148:HLA-DO antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D010455:Peptides; C045084:invariant chain