title: Is radiation therapy a preferred alternative to surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate irradiation alone for treatment of base-of-tongue cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventeen patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue were treated with radiation alone and had follow-up for >/= 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local control rates at 5 years were as follows: T1, 96%; T2, 91%; T3, 81%; and T4, 38%. Multivariate analysis revealed that T stage (P =.0001) and overall treatment time (P =.0006) significantly influenced local control. The 5-year rates of local-regional control were as follows: I, 100%; II, 100%; III, 83%; IVA, 64%; and IVB, 65%. Multivariate analysis revealed that the following parameters significantly affect the probability of this end point: T stage (P =.0001), overall treatment time (P =.0001), overall stage (P =.0131), and addition of a neck dissection (P =.0021). The rates of absolute and cause-specific survival at 5 years were as follows: I, 50% and 100%; II, 81% and 100%; III, 65% and 76%; IVA, 42% and 56%; and IVB, 44% and 52%. Severe radiation complications developed in eight patients (4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The likelihood of cure after external-beam irradiation was related to stage, overall treatment time, and addition of a planned neck dissection. The local-regional control rates and survival rates after radiation therapy were comparable to those after surgery, and the morbidity associated with irradiation was less.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. mendewil@shands.ufl.edu
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Stringer
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Amdur
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hinerman
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Moore-Higgs
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cassisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D015996:Survival Rate; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery