title: Biphasic effect of cadmium in non-cytotoxic conditions on the secretion of nitric oxide from peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: The effects of cadmium (Cd) in non-cytotoxic conditions on the nitric oxide (NO) production in peritoneal macrophages (pM) were studied. Peritoneal macrophages from Balb/c mice were incubated over 18 h with 5, 10, 20, or 25 microM Cd2+ (as CdCl2 21:2 H2O) in the culture medium. Concentrations of 20 microM Cd2+ and over had cytotoxic effects, measured by MTT assay. Cell viability with 10 microM Cd2+ in the medium was above 90% after 18 h of incubation, and above 80% after 72 h. At this same Cd2+ concentration, NO production increased from 6 to 18 h. At 24 h production decreased but was still above control levels. At 48 h production NO was near control levels, and continued to decrease until the end of the experiment (72 h). NO levels produced with Cd2+ concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 microM in the medium were above the control at 18 h. NO production and lipoperoxidation increased simultaneously after 18 h with 10 microM of Cd in the medium. Amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and iNOS activity also increased. At a concentration of 10 microM Cd has a biphasic effect on NO production over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Argentina.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchevsky
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gimenez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002469:Cell Separation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002104:Cadmium; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C022616:thiazolyl blue