title: Time-out: an overused and misused milieu intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The basic logic of the time-out, its conceptual underpinnings, its misuse in inpatient psychiatry, and suggestions for appropriate application.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the inpatient treatment setting, time-outs can become an automatic response to any behavioral infraction. When this happens, time-outs begin to lose their effectiveness because the intervention does not necessarily address the child's needs or the underlying mechanisms of the inappropriate behavior. They also can be misused when time-outs escalate into a lengthy stay in a seclusion room. The author examines the dynamic underlying the misuse and overuse of the time-out.
  
  
  METHODS
  Personal observations and published literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time-out is a useful tool, but only when employed with minded intent and understanding of how it is supposed to help the child.
authors.affiliation: Rush College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA. kdelaney@cnis.rpslmc.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Delaney
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D002665:Child Psychiatry / Q000379:methods*; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D008884:Milieu Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010356:Patient Isolation / Q000379:methods*; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D002666:Psychology, Child; D015203:Reproducibility of Results