title: Mortality among workers in an Italian cigarette factory.
abstract: A cohort study was conducted to evaluate the mortality pattern among female and male workers in a cigarette factory. The study followed 972 female workers and 761 male workers with at least 6 months of cumulative employment from 1 January 1962 through 1 July 1996. Among women, mortality from all causes of death [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 0.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.8-1.1] and mortality from all malignant neoplasms (SMR = 1.1; CI = 0.9-1.3) were consistent with reference rates. Male workers had a significantly reduced overall mortality (SMR = 0.8; CI = 0.7-0.9), while mortality from all malignant neoplasms was as expected (SMR = 0.9; CI = 0.7-1.0). Among female workers the frequencies of deaths from diseases of nervous system (SMR = 2.0; CI = 1.1-3.4) and from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (SMR = 2.7; CI = 1.0-5.6) were elevated at a statistically significant level. No association between duration of employment and diseases of nervous system was observed. A higher risk for NHL, based on three deaths, was reported among female workers with 15 or more years of employment (SMR = 8.1; CI = 2.2-21.0). Although based on small numbers, the excess of NHL here reported suggests that potential exposure to foliar residues of pesticides should be thoroughly considered in tobacco manufacturing.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Lab. Igiene Ambientale, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Settimi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costellati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naldi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bersani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olanda
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maiozzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013751:Tetrachlorvinphos / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D013751:Tetrachlorvinphos