title: Efficacy of a computerized local anesthesia device in pediatric dentistry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a computerized anesthesia delivery system in reducing pain during injections when compared with a traditional delivery system (i.e., syringe).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects consisted of 57 patients between the ages of 5 and 13 needing operative dentistry using local anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to either the computerized or traditional anesthesia delivery system. Inferior alveolar block injections, palatal, and buccal infiltrations were the only injections administered throughout this study. Pain behavior was videotaped and coded throughout the study. Pain perceptions were rated using a 10 point visual analogue rating scale. Subjects were also asked to rate their overall satisfaction and approval of the dentist and the treatment received.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there were no significant differences between the computerized and the traditional method of administering local anesthesia when comparing pain ratings and pain behavior. Average pain ratings for the computerized method were 4.5 while the average ratings for the traditional method were 3.6. In addition, all subjects reported overall satisfaction with their dental treatment and that they would be willing to return in the future.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A computerized anesthesia injection method was found to be comparable to the traditional method of anesthesia injection.
authors.affiliation: Munroe-Meyer Institute, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asarch
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beiraghi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003814:Dentistry, Operative / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010377:Pediatric Dentistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013594:Syringes; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data