title: Role of antibody-independent complement activation in rejection of porcine bone marrow cells in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although complement activation has been shown to be important in the rejection of solid organs in some xenogeneic species combinations, its role in the rejection of xenogeneic marrow engraftment is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of complement depletion with cobra venom factor on porcine bone marrow cell (BMC) engraftment was examined in 3 Gy-irradiated C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency mice receiving 10(8) pig BMC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 26 days after transplantation, the percentages of swine class I+, myeloid, and CD2+ cells in marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood, and the numbers of porcine myeloid progenitor cells in marrow, were increased in cobra venom factor-treated recipients compared with simultaneous control recipients. Consistent with the in vivo results, preheating serum (56 degrees C for 30 min) reduced the inhibitory effect of severe combined immunodeficiency mouse serum on the proliferation of pig BMC in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Murine complement is capable of resisting xenogeneic hematopoietic engraftment through an antibody-independent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sergio
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sykes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000502:physiology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins; D004546:Elapid Venoms; C016310:cobra venom factor