title: Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 regulate chemokine and chemokine receptor expression in bone marrow macrophages.
abstract: The beta-chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1alpha) and its associated receptors are involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory and haemopoietic processes. This study was designed to investigate regulation of expression MIP-1alpha and its receptors by other haemopoietic cytokines. Murine bone marrow macrophages (BMM) were treated with or without GM-CSF or IL-3 and expression of MIP-1alpha, other chemokines and their receptors examined by Northern blotting. Receptor levels were also examined using Scatchard analysis and functional tests. Treatment of BMM with GM-CSF revealed a striking increase in MIP-1alpha mRNA levels, relative to untreated cells with a corresponding increase in MIP-1alpha protein. A similar increase in mRNA levels was found when BMM were treated with IL-3. An increase in the expression of three other beta-chemokines namely MIP-1beta, MCP-1 and MCP-3, was also found following treatment with GM-CSF or IL-3. We have additionally examined the expression of the known beta-chemokine receptors in BMM and observed an increase in CCR1 mRNA levels following treatment with GM-CSF and IL-3, but no change was seen in the level of CCR5 expression. The increase in CCR1 expression was reflected in an increase in the number of cell surface receptors for MIP-1alpha on the GM-CSF treated BMM and in an enhanced response of the GM-CSF treated BMM to CCR1 ligands. These data suggest that GM-CSF and IL-3 may be involved in mechanisms regulating expression levels of MIP-1alpha and its receptors.
authors.affiliation: The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research Campaign Beatson Laboratories, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Jarmin
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nibbs
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: de Bono
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines; D007377:Interleukin-3; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor