title: Adenovirus-mediated transfer of Bcl-X(L) protects neuronal cells from Bax-induced apoptosis.
abstract: Bax-mediated apoptosis in neurons is involved in many pathologic conditions affecting the central nervous system, including degenerative diseases, stroke, and trauma. Two molecules belonging to the Bcl-2 family, Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L), protect cells from Bax-induced apoptosis and show distinct expression patterns in adult neurons, with downregulated Bcl-2 and highly upregulated Bcl-X(L) expression. To investigate the biological functions of these two molecules in Bax-mediated apoptosis in neurons, we transduced various levels of Bcl-X(L) or Bcl-2 via adenoviral vectors into nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated PC12 cells. Overexpression of Bax induced drastic apoptosis in NGF-treated PC12 cells. Bcl-X(L) expressed at a wide range of levels conferred a high level of protection against Bax-mediated apoptosis. In contrast, Bcl-2 at various levels conferred far less protection against apoptosis. Moreover, Bcl-X(L) protected PC12 cells from apoptosis induced by NGF withdrawal. These data indicate that Bcl-X(L)-mediated protection is the major pathway that suppresses apoptosis in NGF-treated PC12 cells and that Bcl-X(L) would be a more relevant target of manipulation in future treatment strategies, including gene therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotherapy Research, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 1-37-1 Kami-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8455.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinoura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Satou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007700:Kinetics; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; C494813:Bcl2l1 protein, rat; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D001616:beta-Galactosidase