title: Inhibition of farnesyl-protein-transferase in neuroblastoma cells by alpha-hydroxyfarnesylphosphonate.
abstract: Oncogenic Ras is responsible for malignant transformation in a variety of tumors. Farnesylation of Ras by farnesyl-protein-transferase (FPTase) is necessary for membrane localization of Ras-proteins, a prerequisite for its biological activity. Although mutations in ras genes are rare in neuroblastoma inactivation of Ras by inhibition of the FPTase is of interest in neuroblastoma. In this tumor, amplification of N-myc is frequently observed and expression of N-myc is induced via Ras signaling. Farnesyl-protein-transferase of neuroblastoma cells is inhibited by alpha-hydroxyfarnesylphosphonate. In homogenates of the cell line SK-N-AS an ID50 = 6.5 microM is estimated, in SK-N-SH the ID50 is 3.4 microM. The consequences of the inhibition of FPTase on the membrane localization was examined by immunoblots. Western blots of membrane proteins analysed with H-ras and N-ras specific antibodies revealed that H-ras protein is more sensitive to the inhibition of FPTase than N-ras protein. After culturing neuroblastoma cells for 24 hrs in the presence of 20 microM alpha-hydroxyfarnesylphosphonate H-ras protein completely dissappeared from the membrane fraction whereas N-ras protein was only affected by 50%. K-ras was not detectable on Western blots of three neuroblastoma cell lines. The experiments showed that FPTase inhibitors are effective in neuroblastoma cells but for complete inactivation of N-ras stronger conditions are required than for H-ras.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Girgert
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hohnecker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wittrock
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schweizer
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005204:Farnesol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C080570:(alpha-hydroxyfarnesyl)phosphonic acid; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D063065:Organophosphonates; D005204:Farnesol; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C064911:p21(ras) farnesyl-protein transferase