title: The role of endothelin-1 in pressure autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of the endothelin system in pressure autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested pressure autoregulation by increasing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP; mean arterial pressure-intracranial pressure) with norepinephrine (0.08 microgram.kg-1.min-1 for 30 min) twice in ten anesthetized normocapnic rats. The first test was performed without (control test) and the second test after administration of the combined endothelin ETA/B receptor antagonist, bosentan, i.v. (30 mg/kg; drug test). CBF was measured by the hydrogen clearance technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the control test, norepinephrine infusion increased CPP by 21 +/- 2 (23 +/- 2%) mmHg (mean +/- SEM; p < 0.001) and CBF by 3.6 +/- 3.1 (6 +/- 8%) ml/100 g/min (p = 0.5, Fig. 1); during the drug test, norepinephrine infusion increased CPP by 18 +/- 1 (20 +/- 2%) mmHg (p < 0.001) and CBF by 15.8 +/- 4.1 (46 +/- 13%) ml/100 g/min (p = 0.004). Mean arterial pressure was not affected by bosentan infusion (p = 0.2). PaCO2 levels were stable during the tests (40.2 +/- 1.4 mmHg).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The endothelin system is involved in cerebral pressure autoregulation in a rodent model in vivo. The role of this system under pathophysiologic conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, where basal vascular tone and its regulation may be altered, remains to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Policlinico, Università di Bari, Italia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mascia
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Piper
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Souter
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077300:Bosentan; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D019332:Endothelin-1; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000077300:Bosentan; D009638:Norepinephrine