title: Baseline ophthalmic findings in the vitamin E, cataract and age-related maculopathy (VECAT) study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the methodology of eye examination and the baseline eye characteristics of the Vitamin E, Cataract and Age-Related Maculopathy (VECAT) study participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of volunteers from an urban area of Melbourne, Australia, were recruited to participate in a randomized, controlled trial investigating the effect of vitamin E on the development of cataract and age-related maculopathy Standardized eye examinations involved clinical assessment, which included Wilmer grading of the lens, digital photography of the lens with Nidek EAS-1000 lens camera and stereo photography of the macular area with the Nidek 3-DX fundus camera. All cases of ophthalmic findings were determined on the basis of pathology in the worse eye.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most eyes were free from abnormalities. The most frequent findings were cataract and age-related macular changes. Nuclear cataract (nuclear opacity grade >2) was present in 4.5%, cortical cataract (cortical opacity grade >2) in 14.3% and posterior subcapsular cataract in 3.0% of participants; in addition, coronary cataract was observed in 13.6%. Soft drusen larger than 125 pm were found in 11.4%, retinal pigment epithelium changes in 9.5%, epiretinal membrane in 6.6% and age-related macular degeneration in 0.5% of participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the selection criteria, the majority of participants had clear or minor lens changes and/or minor retinal age-related changes. Precise instrumental documentation will allow an accurate assessment of the incidence and dynamics of these changes throughout 4 years of observation.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. cloud@ariel.ucs.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Robman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tikellis
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McCarty
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002386:Cataract / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D010781:Photography; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014505:Urban Population; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E