title: Personality disorders in late life. Understanding and overcoming the gap in research.
abstract: A review of the literature on personality disorders (PD) in late life reveals fewer research papers than those found for PD in younger adults and for other major late-life psychiatric diagnoses. The authors suggest that this gap is largely due to the difficult and inconsistent diagnostic process for late-life PDs. Diagnosis is complicated by the frequent unavailability and/or unreliability of longitudinal data, lack of age-adjusted diagnostic instruments, and failure of the current Axis II nosology to account for age-related issues, including changes in social functioning, and the effects of comorbid illness and cognitive impairment. They propose that the development of a geriatric subclassification for PD, along with improved clinical documentation of personality and data from dimensional instruments for both normal and pathologic personalities, would provide a more reliable, valid, and geriatric-friendly diagnostic process.
authors.affiliation: Miami Jewish Home & Hospital for the Aged, FL 33137, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Agronin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maletta
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012106:Research / Q000592:standards