title: NPR1 differentially interacts with members of the TGA/OBF family of transcription factors that bind an element of the PR-1 gene required for induction by salicylic acid.
abstract: NPR1 is a critical component of the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signal transduction pathway leading to the induction of defense genes, such as the pathogenesis-related (PR)-1 gene, and enhanced disease resistance. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified several NPR1-interacting proteins (NIPs). Two of these NIPs are members of the TGA/OBF family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors; this family has been implicated in the activation of SA-responsive genes, including PR-1. Six TGA family members were tested and shown to differentially interact with NPR1: TGA2 and TGA3 showed strong affinity for NPR1; TGA5 and TGA6 exhibited weaker affinity; and TGA1 and TGA4 displayed little or no detectable interaction with NPR1, respectively. Interestingly, the amino-termini of these factors were found to decrease their stability in yeast and differentially affect their apparent affinity toward NPR1. The interacting regions on NPR1 and the TGA factors were also defined. Each of four point mutations in NPR1 that disrupt SA signaling in Arabidopsis completely blocked interaction of NPR1 with TGA2 and TGA3. TGA2 and TGA3 were also found to bind the SA-responsive element of the Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter. These results directly link NPR1 to SA-induced PR-1 expression through members of the TGA family of transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-8020, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Trifa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pontier
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Klessig
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D015342:DNA Probes / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017354:Point Mutation; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D015342:DNA Probes; C105496:NPR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D010940:Plant Proteins; C000588818:TGA4 protein, Arabidopsis; D014157:Transcription Factors; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant; D020156:Salicylic Acid