title: Physiology, assessment, and disorders of the pupil.
abstract: Proper examination of the pupil provides an objective measure of the integrity of the pregeniculate afferent visual pathway and allows assessment of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation to the eye. Infrared videography and pupillography are increasingly used to study the dynamic behavior of the pupil in common disorders, such as Horner's syndrome and tonic pupil.
authors.affiliation: Midwest Eye Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46280, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology*; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012025:Reflex, Pupillary / Q000502:physiology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology