title: Effect of oral mexiletine on the cough response to capsaicin and tartaric acid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of the orally active local anaesthetic mexiletine on the cough response to two different tussive agents, a C-fibre ending stimulator capsaicin and a chemostimulant tartaric acid, was examined in normal subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cough threshold, defined as the lowest concentration of capsaicin (C(5)-CP) or tartaric acid (C(5)-TA) causing five or more coughs, and histamine induced bronchoconstriction were measured three hours after a single oral dose of 300 mg mexiletine or placebo in 14 normal subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mexiletene in a mean (SE) serum concentration of 0.99 (0. 04) microg/ml significantly increased C(5)-TA from a geometric mean (SE) of 32.0 (1.27) mg/ml with placebo to 49.9 (1.34) mg/ml, but C(5)-CP did not differ significantly between treatment with mexiletine (12.2 (1.33) microM) and placebo (14.9 (1.23) microM).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the cough response to capsaicin and tartaric acid may be mediated in part via different neural pathways.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Myou
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016084:Bronchoconstriction; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008801:Mexiletine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D013644:Tartrates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000996:Antitussive Agents; D010919:Placebos; D013644:Tartrates; D008801:Mexiletine; D002211:Capsaicin; C029768:tartaric acid