title: Carvedilol inhibits reactive oxygen species generation by leukocytes and oxidative damage to amino acids.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to test whether carvedilol has an antioxidant effect in humans in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We administered 3.125 mg of carvedilol twice daily to normal subjects for 1 week. ROS generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells fell from 314+/-183.43 and 303+/-116 mV to 185+/-157 and 189+/-63 mV (P<0.025), respectively. m-Tyrosine fell from 4.24+/-0.99 to 4.03+/-0.97 ng/mL (P=0.01), and o-tyrosine fell from 4.59+/-1.10 to 4.24+/-0.99 ng/mL (P=0.004) in the absence of a change in phenylalanine concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that carvedilol significantly inhibits ROS generation by leukocytes and oxidative conversion of phenylalanine to m- and o-tyrosine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo and Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA. pdandona@kaleidahealth.org
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dandona
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghanim
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hamouda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aljada
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Magsino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077261:Carvedilol; D014443:Tyrosine; D010649:Phenylalanine; C026741:2-tyrosine; C015566:3-tyrosine