title: Liquid-based cervical-cell collection with brushes and wooden spatulas: a comparison of 100 conventional smears from high-risk women to liquid-fixed cytocentrifuge slides, demonstrating a cost-effective, alternative monolayer slide preparation method.
abstract: Our purpose was to demonstrate that 17.5-mm liquid-based cytocentrifuge circle-slides made using a Hettich (Andreas Hettich Co., Tuttlingen, Germany) cytocentrifuge are at least as efficacious as conventional smears for detecting cervical abnormalities. One hundred conventional smears were collected with cytobrushes and wooden spatulas from high-risk women. Both devices were then placed into CytoRich Red (AutoCyte, Inc., Burlington, NC). Cells were concentrated from CytoRich Red by centrifugation and suspended in CytoRich Yellow. Two 17.5-mm circle-slides were produced, compared to each other in order to test reproducibility of diagnoses between slides, and compared to conventional slides. Sixty-five normals, three ASCUS, three LSIL, and two HSIL matched. Overall, cytocentrifugation yielded 27 additional findings among 25 cases. Also, it downgraded one conventional ASCUS to normal (immature metaplasia and chronic inflammation) and one conventional HSIL to normal (transitional cell metaplasia). Cytocentrifugation of 14 conventional normals afforded four ASCUS and 10 LSIL. Cytocentrifugation of 11 conventional ASCUS afforded nine LSIL and two HSIL (one with AIS). One HSIL + AIS was found with a conventional HSIL. Cytobrushes and wooden spatulas can be used to collect material for liquid-based cervico-vaginal cytology if they are placed into CytoRich Red. Hettich cytocentrifuge slides were more reliable than conventional smears in presenting well-dispersed, sharply imaged cells, affording greater diagnostic sensitivity and certainty. Compared to previous split-sample studies, three different outcomes were noted: 1) the endocervical component was consistently well-represented; 2) AIS was seen more often in liquid-based slides; and 3) the liquid-based slide did not underdiagnose its conventional companion. The liquid-based preparations downgraded one ASCUS to normal and one conventional HSIL to transitional-cell metaplasia. Histology correlation of these two cases agreed with the liquid-based cytology diagnoses, which validates their specificity. These improvements are ascribed to differences in fixation and processing. The low cost, ease of operation, and reusable chambers of the Hettich cytocentrifuge make it a cost-effective liquid-based cytology instrument, especially for small to intermediate-size laboratories. The claims that this paper makes must be proven by additional studies, and test implementation needs to be scrutinized by appropriate regulatory agencies whose standards may vary from country to country. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2000;22:86-91.
authors.affiliation: School of Cytotechnology, Mercy Hospital Medical Center, Des Moines, IA 50314-2611, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Maksem
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Belsheim
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Roose
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Klock
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eatwell
mesh_terms: D002498:Centrifugation / Q000295:instrumentation; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D019719:Diagnostic Equipment / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*