title: Thyroid hormones differentially modulate enolase isozymes during rat skeletal and cardiac muscle development.
abstract: During muscle development, an isozymic transition of the glycolytic enzyme enolase occurs from the embryonic and ubiquitous alphaalpha-isoform to the muscle-specific betabeta-isoform. Here, we demonstrate a stimulatory role of thyroid hormones on these two enolase genes during rat development in hindlimb muscles and an inhibitory effect on the muscle-specific enolase gene in cardiac muscle. In hindlimb muscles the ubiquitous alpha-transcript level is diminished by hypothyroidism, starting at birth. On the contrary, the more abundant muscle-specific beta-transcript is insensitive to hypothyroidism before establishment of the functional diversification of fibers and is greatly decreased thereafter. Our data support the hypothesis of a role of thyroid hormones in coordinating the expressions of contractile proteins and metabolic enzymes during muscle development. The subcellular localization of isoenolases, established here, is not modified by hypothyroidism. Our results underline the specificity of action of thyroid hormones, which modulate differentially two isozymes in the same muscle and regulate, in opposite directions, the expression of the same gene in two different muscles.
authors.affiliation: Biochimie Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 9065, Collège de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Merkulova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliviero
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marotte
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rappaport
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lamandé
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008779:Methylthiouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D024510:Muscle Development; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D008779:Methylthiouracil