title: Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 receptor gene for association with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: Genetic linkage analysis in families with multiple cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has mapped a gene which confers susceptibility to IBD to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 16 (IBD1). The linked region includes the interleukin(IL)-4 receptor gene (IL4R). Since IL-4 regulation and expression are abnormal in IBD, the IL4R gene is thus both a positional and functional candidate for IBD1. We screened the gene for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by fluorescent chemical cleavage analysis, and tested a subset of known and novel SNPs for allelic association with IBD in 355 families, which included 435 cases of Crohn's disease and 329 cases of ulcerative colitis. No association was observed between a haplotype of four SNPs (val50ile, gln576arg, A3044G, G3289A) and either the Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis phenotypes using the transmission disequilibrium test. There was also no evidence for association when the four markers were analyzed individually. The results indicate that these variants are not significant genetic determinants of IBD, and that the IL4R gene is unlikely to be IBD1. Linkage disequilibrium analyses showed that the val50ile and gln576arg variants are in complete equilibrium with each other, although they are separated by only about 21 kilobases of genomic DNA. This suggests that a very dense SNP map may be required to exclude or detect disease associations with some candidate genes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical and Molecular Genetics, GKT School of Medicine, 8th Floor Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Olavesen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hampe
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saiz
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bridger
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Teare
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Easton
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirst
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacPherson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lennard-Jones
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Mathew
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 / Q000235:genetics; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005192:Family Health; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005820:Genetic Testing; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4