title: Diagnostic value of push-type enteroscopy: a report from India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to assess the diagnostic value of push-type enteroscopy in relation to indications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-nine consecutive patients (mean age, 42+/-15 yr; 65 men) with suspected small bowel disorders underwent push enteroscopy. The indications were chronic diarrhea (n = 54), obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (n = 21), abdominal pain (n = 10), abnormal radiological studies of small bowel (n = 5), iron deficiency anemia (n = 5), and others (n = 4). Push enteroscopy was performed using the Olympus SIF-10 (160-cm) enteroscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endoscopic examination of the jejunum was successful in all the patients, except one with a distal duodenal stricture. The length of the jejunum examined ranged from 10 to 70 cm. The time taken to complete the procedure varied from 2 to 30 min. Lesions were found in nine (42.8%) patients with obscure GI bleeding; six (28.5%) had worms (Ascaris lumbricoides [n = 3], Ankylostoma duodenale [n = 3]) in the jejunum, producing multiple erosions and bleeding points. In the chronic diarrhea group, a diagnosis was made in 13 (24%) patients on enteroscopic visualization and jejunal histology: celiac disease (n = 6), tropical sprue (n = 3), Crohn's disease (n = 1), secondary lymphangiectasia (n = 1), strongyloidiasis (n = 1), and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia with giardiasis (n = 1). In patients with abdominal pain, enteroscopy provided a diagnosis in one (10%) patient. No positive diagnosis could be made on enteroscopy in patients with iron deficiency anemia and abnormal radiological studies of small bowel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Push-type enteroscopy is a useful test in the evaluation of patients with obscure GI bleeding and chronic diarrhea. In developing countries, in patients with obscure GI bleeding, the presence of worms in the jejunum is an important finding on enteroscopy. Tropical sprue, giardiasis, and strongyloidiasis are distinct findings in patients with chronic diarrhea in the present series.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Bhasin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Makharia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chhabra
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vaiphei
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis; D007579:Jejunal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies