title: Efficacy of two dentifrices on removal of natural extrinsic stain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the 6-week effect on natural extrinsic dental stain from the use of a dentifrice containing 10% aluminum oxide, 1500 ppm sodium monofluorophosphate in a precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) base or a second dentifrice containing 0.5% calcium peroxide (CP), 1500 ppm sodium monofluorophosphate in a PCC base compared to a fluoride placebo dentifrice without stain removal ingredients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 94 subjects were entered in the study, and stratified into three balanced groups according to their baseline mean Lobene Stain Index scores. The three groups were randomly assigned to use one of the two test dentifrices or the placebo dentifrice. The three groups were well balanced with regard to their mean baseline stain index scores, gender and tobacco habits. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute with their assigned dentifrice and a commercially available soft bristled toothbrush. Extrinsic dental stain examinations, which included mean stain area and mean stain intensity, were conducted at baseline and 6 weeks. Examinations were conducted by the same dental examiner (F.A.) on the subjects at each examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 weeks' use of their assigned products, those subjects in the aluminum oxide/PCC dentifrice group and those subjects in the CP/PCC dentifrice group demonstrated statistically significant improvements, as compared to the fluoride placebo dentifrice group without stain removal ingredients.
authors.affiliation: Metodista University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ayad
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arcuri
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brevilieri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laffi
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baines
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: DeVizio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010545:Peroxides; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003802:Dentifrices; D010545:Peroxides; C403632:calcium peroxide; D000537:Aluminum Oxide