title: Outcomes at 1 year and economic implications of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade in patients undergoing coronary stenting: results from a multicentre randomised trial. EPISTENT Investigators. Evaluation of Platelet IIb/IIIa Inhibitor for Stenting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We assessed in a randomised trial the long-term outcomes for potent adjunctive antiplatelet therapy given at the time of coronary stenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 63 hospitals in the USA and Canada, 2399 patients were randomly assigned stenting with abciximab, stenting with placebo, or balloon angioplasty with abciximab. Standard adjunctive therapy with aspirin, ticlopidine, and heparin was used. The major outcomes of death and myocardial infarction were assessed at 1-year follow-up by intention to treat. We also investigated the 1-year cost-effectiveness of combined stenting and abciximab therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1-year follow-up, eight (1.0%) of 794 patients in the stent plus abciximab group had died, compared with 19 (2.4%) of 809 in the stent plus placebo group (hazard ratio 0.43 [95% CI 0.19-0.97], p=0.037). The combined endpoint of death or large myocardial infarction occurred in 42 (5.3%) and 89 (11.0%), respectively (0.46 [0.32-0.67], p<0.001). By multivariate modelling, the factors independently associated with improved survival were assignment to stenting with abciximab (p=0.027) and greater preprocedural stenosis (p=0.002); those associated with worse survival were age greater than 70 years (p<0.001), previous heart failure (p=0.001), diabetes treated with insulin (p=0.02), and postprocedural occlusion (p<0.001). Relative to stenting plus placebo and balloon angioplasty plus abciximab, the incremental 1-year costs of stenting plus abciximab were US$581 and $932. The corresponding cost-effectiveness ratios were US$5291 and $6213 per added life-year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary stenting with abciximab, compared with stenting alone or balloon angioplasty with abciximab, is associated with improved survival and is an economically attractive therapy by conventional standards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. topole@ccf.org
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Topol
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lincoff
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kleiman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Talley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sapp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Cabot
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Califf
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015607:Stents / Q000191:economics; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D000077284:Abciximab