title: [Critical review of colpo-histological results in cervix pathology].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this paper was to evaluate the role of squamous metaplasia in the determination of certain colposcopic appearances.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand four hundred and six infertile outpatients, attending assisted reproduction techniques, underwent a "first level" colposcopy. Two hundred fifty nine abnormal transformation zones were biopsied and the histologic diagnoses were subdivided as follows: squamous metaplasia, squamous metaplasia + koilocytosis, isolated koilocytosis, condyloma, CIN + HPV, cervicitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred forty seven cases out of 259 biopsied colposcopic findings (95.4%) were colposcopically classified as grade 1 abnormal transformation zone (thin white epithelium, regular mosaic and punctuation). The correlation between 247 grade 1 abnormal transformation zone colposcopic patterns and histologic diagnosis revealed 105 (42.5%) histologic findings described as squamous metaplasia that resulted immature in 63% of these samples. Between 132 (53.4%) cases that presented a pattern of human papillomavirus infection (condyloma, squamous metaplasia + koilocytosis or isolated koylocitosis), quite two thirds (62%) were described as condylomas, one third (31%) as squamous metaplasia associated with koylocitosis and only 7% as isolated koylocitosis. In conclusion, 42.5% of target biopsies performed on low grade abnormal transformation of the cervix revealed squamous metaplasia, more than half of them revealed one of HPV infection forms, while only 2% represented cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the low risk female population, one out of two cases of colposcopically low grade pattern should be considered indicative of squamous metaplasia. The results obtained confirm that colposcopic evaluation is unable to distinguish between immature metaplastic transformation of the epithelium and metaplastic epithelium with initial neoplastic transformation.
authors.affiliation: II Istituto de Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università degli Studi di Roma, La Sapienza.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lukic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Musumeci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Signore
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sassi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alò
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Giovagnoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vetrano
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003127:Colposcopy; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008679:Metaplasia; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000473:pathology; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*