title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and chemotactic motility of endothelial cells via the G(i) protein-linked phospholipase C pathway.
abstract: We have previously shown that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) stimulates motility of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (O.-H. Lee et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 264, 743-750, 1999). To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which S1P stimulates HUVEC motility, we examined tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)) which is important for cell migration. S1P induces a rapid increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK). Compared with other structurally related lipid metabolites such as sphingosine, C2-ceramide, and lysophosphatidic acid, S1P uniquely stimulated p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and migration of HUVECs. The effect of S1P on p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation was markedly reduced by treatment with pertussis toxin or U73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. As a downstream signal of PLC, p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation in response to S1P was totally blocked by depletion of the intracellular calcium pool. However, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor had no effect on the response to S1P. Finally, chemotaxis assays revealed that inhibition of PLC but not PKC significantly abrogated S1P-stimulated HUVEC migration. These results suggest that the G(i)-coupled receptor-mediated PLC-Ca(2+) signaling pathway may be importantly involved in S1P-stimulated focal adhesion formation and migration of endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment and Life Science, Hallym Academy of Science, Hallym University, Kangwon-Do, Chunchon, 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008246:Lysophospholipids; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D014443:Tyrosine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D013110:Sphingosine