title: Dual sugar permeability testing in diarrheal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the validity of the use of a blood specimen for the sugar permeability test because of the high failure rate of 5-hour urine collection in young children with diarrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simultaneous 5-hour urine collections and timed blood tests were taken after ingestion of an isotonic solution of lactulose (L) and L-rhamnose (R) in 24 children with acute gastroenteritis and 25 children without diarrhea in a control group. Sugars were measured with high performance liquid chromatography, and the percent of recovered sugars was expressed as an L-R ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With acute gastroenteritis the geometric mean L-R ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 12.4 (9.3 to 16.3) in urine and 9.4 (6.7 to 13.1) in blood compared with 6.7 (5.0 to 8.8) and 5.9 (4.4 to 7.8), respectively, in the control group. The level of agreement (kappa) among normal, intermediate, and high ratios for blood and urine was 0.71 (0.51 to 0.92). The failure rate of L-R tests was significantly reduced with a blood specimen (urine 37% vs blood 10%; P <.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intestinal permeability testing on a blood specimen is a valid alternative to urine collection in young children and has a significantly lower test failure rate.
authors.affiliation: NT Clinical School (Flinders University), Royal Darwin Hospital, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Haase
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Kukuruzovic
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bright
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Brewster
mesh_terms: D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000502:physiology; D007792:Lactulose; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012210:Rhamnose; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D007792:Lactulose; D012210:Rhamnose