title: Imaging of congenital anomalies of the branchial apparatus.
abstract: One of the most challenging topics for radiologists is congenital anomalies arising from abnormal embryogenesis of the branchial apparatus. Defects of the branchial apparatus result in a spectrum of anomalies that includes fistulas, sinuses, cysts, temporal bone anomalies, craniofacial malformations, and systemic disorders. A better understanding of the various radiologic abnormalities is aided by an understanding of their embryonic origins. This article reviews the spectrum of abnormalities that are secondary to anomalous embryogenesis of the branchial arches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Surgery, and Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7510, USA. suresh@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mukherji
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fatterpekar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D001934:Branchial Region / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology; D001935:Branchioma / Q000151:congenital / Q000196:embryology; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000196:embryology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology