title: Testosterone-repressed prostate message-2 is an antiapoptotic gene involved in progression to androgen independence in prostate cancer.
abstract: Although initially reported as an androgen-repressed gene in the rat prostate, the functional role of testosterone-repressed prostate message-2 (TRPM-2) in apoptosis remains undefined. Inhibition of castration-induced apoptosis by calcium channel blocker treatment in androgen-dependent Shionogi tumors resulted in the prevention of TRPM-2 gene up-regulation, suggesting that TRPM-2 is not directly androgen-repressed, but is regulated by apoptotic stimuli. The overexpression of the TRPM-2 gene in human androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cells by stable transfection rendered them highly resistant to androgen ablation in vivo. We then tested the efficacy of antisense TRPM-2 oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) therapy in the Shionogi tumor model and demonstrated that the systemic administration of antisense TRPM-2 ODNs in mice bearing Shionogi tumors after castration resulted in a more rapid onset of apoptosis and time to complete regression, as well as a significant delay of emergence of androgen-independent recurrent tumors compared to control ODN treatment. Collectively, these findings illustrate that TRPM-2 is an antiapoptotic rather than an androgen-repressed gene that confers resistance to androgen ablation and thereby helps accelerate the progression to androgen independence.
authors.affiliation: The Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rennie
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gleave
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D051152:Clusterin; D018450:Disease Progression; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000378:metabolism; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C495242:CLU protein, human; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; C495243:Clu protein, mouse; D051152:Clusterin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger