title: Complementary neural mechanisms for tracking items in human working memory.
abstract: Recognition of a specific visual target among equally familiar distracters requires neural mechanisms for tracking items in working memory. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed evidence for two such mechanisms: (i) Enhanced neural responses, primarily in the frontal cortex, were associated with the target and were maintained across repetitions of the target. (ii) Reduced responses, primarily in the extrastriate visual cortex, were associated with stimulus repetition, regardless of whether the stimulus was a target or a distracter. These complementary neural mechanisms track the status of familiar items in working memory, allowing for the efficient recognition of a currently relevant object and rejection of irrelevant distracters.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1366, USA. yjiang@codon.nih.gov
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Haxby
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Ungerleider
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parasuraman
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D005145:Face; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*