title: Systematic off-pump coronary artery revascularization in multivessel disease: experience of three hundred cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to report our recent experience with off-pump coronary artery revascularization in multivessel disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1996 and December 1998, 300 off-pump beating heart operations were performed at the Montreal Heart Institute by a single surgeon, representing 94% of all procedures undertaken during this same time frame (97% for 1998). This cohort of patients was compared with 1870 patients operated on with cardiopulmonary bypass from 1995 to 1996.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age, sex distribution, and preoperative risk factors were comparable for the two groups. On average, 2.92 +/- 0.8 and 2.84 +/- 0.6 grafts per patient were completed in the beating heart and cardiopulmonary bypass groups, respectively. A majority of patients (70%) had either a triple or quadruple bypass. Coronary anastomoses were achieved with myocardial mechanical stabilization and heart "verticalization." Ischemic time was shorter in the beating heart group (29.8 +/- 0.9 vs 45 +/- 0.4 minutes, P <.05). Similarly, the need for transfusion was significantly less in the beating heart group (beating heart operations, 34%; cardiopulmonary bypass, 66%; P <.005). Reduced use of postoperative intra-aortic counterpulsation, as well as a lower rise in creatine kinase MB isoenzyme, was observed in the beating heart group. Operative mortality rates (beating heart operations, 1. 3%; cardiopulmonary bypass, 2%) and perioperative myocardial infarction (beating heart operations, 3.6%; cardiopulmonary bypass, 4.2%) were comparable for the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a majority of patients, off-pump complete coronary artery revascularization is an acceptable alternative to conventional operations, yielding good results given progressive experience, rigorous technique, and adequate coronary artery stabilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Quebec, Canada. cartierr@icm.umontreal.ca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cartier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dagenais
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martineau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couturier
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D003404:Creatinine; D003402:Creatine Kinase