Development of effectiveness of care and use of services measures for dental care plans.
OBJECTIVE
Standardized measures to assess clinical aspects of the performance of managed dental care plans are not available. This project sought to develop and evaluate measures for effectiveness of care and use of services that could be calculated using a plan's administrative data.


METHODS
Two panels of stake holders representing dental plans, purchasers, and dental providers participated in a modified Delphi process to refine initial sets of effectiveness of care and use of services measures modeled after HEDIS measures for medical care. The refined measures were then pilot tested in two dental health maintenance organizations.


RESULTS
The development process resulted in specification of seven effectiveness of care measures assessing disease activity classification, and prevention and outcomes for caries, periodontal disease, and tooth loss. Six use of services measures focusing on prophylaxes, third molar surgery, preventive, restorative, prosthetic, surgical, and endodontic care also were specified. Pilot testing of the measures indicated reasonable reliability and sensitivity, but also demonstrated the need for supervision or auditing of the process.


CONCLUSIONS
These standardized measures for dental care plan performance are available for immediate use. However, because the measures depend on diagnostic information (periodontal probing data and diagnoses associated with restorative treatments) in the administrative data set, their adoption will require changes in most plans' data systems and data collection policies.
Bader
J D
JD
Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7590, USA. jim_bader@unc.edu
Shugars
D A
DA
White
B A
BA
Rindal
D B
DB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003697:Delphi Technique; D019230:Dental Audit; D003729:Dental Care / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017266:Dental Prosthesis / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007347:Insurance, Dental / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008329:Managed Care Programs / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000592:standards; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011313:Preventive Dentistry / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000592:standards; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control