title: Gambling behavior of Louisiana students in grades 6 through 12.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of problem and gambling behavior, the average age of onset of gambling behavior, and the co-occurrence of gambling disorder with substance use were determined in the Louisiana student population grades 6 through 12.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stratified randomized sample of 12,066 students in Louisiana schools during the 1996-1997 school year was surveyed about gambling behavior using the South Oaks Gambling Screen--Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen percent of the students never gambled, 70.1 percent gambled without problems, 10.1 percent indicated problem gambling in the past year (level 2 according to the SOGS-RA), and 5.8 percent indicated pathological gambling behavior in the past year (level 3). Weekly or more frequent lottery play was reported by 16.5 percent. The average age of onset of gambling behavior was 11.2 years. Fifty-nine percent of the students with problem and pathological gambling behavior reported frequent alcohol and illicit drug use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant minority of Louisiana students in grades 6 through 12-15.9 percent--acknowledged gambling-related symptoms and life problems. The association of problem and pathological gambling with use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana provides preliminary support for the inclusion of gambling among other adolescent risk behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry at Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport 71130, USA. jwestp@lsumc.edu
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Westphal
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications