title: Tuberculosis in the urban poor settlements in the Philippines.
abstract: METHODS
  Urban poor settlements in the Philippines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the magnitude of the tuberculosis problem in urban poor settlements in comparison with urban areas studied in the Nationwide Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multistage cluster survey of BCG scar, tuberculin test, chest radiography and sputum examination for bacillary disease, in urban poor areas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalences of culture-positive and smear-positive tuberculosis were 17.5 +/- 2.3 (95% CI 13.3-22.4) and 7.9 +/- 2.3 per thousand (95% CI 2.611.5), respectively. Extrapolated to the total population, the rates in the urban poor settlements were 12.4 +/- 1.7 (95% CI 9.6-16.2) and 5.6 +/- 1.6 per thousand population (95% CI 1.3-8.3), respectively. The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis in subjects aged 10 years or more was 66 +/- 5.6/1000 (95% CI 55-77). The BCG vaccination rate was 72%. The overall prevalence of tuberculosis infection was 66%, and 39% in those aged 5-9 years, corresponding to an annual risk of infection (ARI) of 6.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The problem of tuberculosis was substantial in the urban poor settlements, and was appreciably worse than that in the general urban population.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Disease Foundation, Makati Medical Center, Makati City, The Philippines. tdf@mnl.sequel.net
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Tupasi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Radhakrishna
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Quelapio
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarmiento
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Co
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sarol
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Legaspi
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Mangubat
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solon
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Solon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mantala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010679:Philippines / Q000453:epidemiology; D011204:Poverty Areas; D015995:Prevalence; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine