title: Alcohol and drug use of inter-city versus rural school age children.
abstract: The purpose of this study of seventy-nine children was to determine: 1) the prevalence and type of substance use in inter-city and rural eight to twelve-year-old children; and 2) the relationships between child substance use, self-esteem, peer substance use, and family climate. The conceptual framework for the study was a modification of Kumpfer and Turner's Social Ecology Model (1991). Nineteen percent of the children had used alcohol or drugs. Thirty-three percent of the children acknowledged having friends who used substances. Inter-city children reported more alcohol and marijuana use, while the rural children reported more use of inhalants. The responses of both inter-city and rural children also indicated that there were problems with substance use and family violence in the home. Self-esteem and affiliation with drug using peers were significantly correlated with substance use of the child.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University School of Nursing, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Finke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010379:Peer Group; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D012649:Self Concept; D014504:Urban Health