title: Presence of metabolic cardiovascular syndrome in obese children.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors (hyperinsulinaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension) in 180 (77 female, 103 male) obese and 239 control children. Blood glucose, serum insulin and lipid levels were determined from blood samples taken after an overnight fast. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed and blood glucose concentrations were monitored. The body mass index, body fat (on the basis of skinfold measurements), lean body mass and waist/hip ratio were calculated and blood pressure was measured five times in all subjects. It was shown that only 14.4% of obese children were free from any risk factors, in contrast to 79.1% of the control children. Four risk factors (metabolic cardiovascular syndrome) were found in 8.9% of the obese children (8.7% in males and 9.1% in females) while none could be detected in controls. Considerable differences were also detected in the prevalence of one, two or three risk factors between control and obese children. Patients with the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome could not be characterized by any of the investigated anthropometric characteristics, but the duration of obesity was significantly longer in these children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases already tend to cluster in childhood and they are strongly associated with obesity. Our observations suggest that the development of the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome has its origin in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics University Medical School of Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Csábi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Török
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeges
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Molnár
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013577:Syndrome