title: [Combined perioperative ultrafiltration in pediatric cardiac surgery. The preliminary results].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, ultrafiltration techniques are used more and more as a treatment for the inflammatory response of cardiopulmonary bypass. It also provides fine control of fluids. The purpose of this study is to present a technique which combines conventional and modified ultrafiltration and to analyze the obtained results.
  
  
  METHODS
  22 patients (mean weight 13.1 +/- 8.4 kg) operated on cardiopulmonary bypass. Combined ultrafiltration was performed during cardiopulmonary bypass (conventional) and after pump (modified ultrafiltration). We analyzed cardiopulmonary bypass variables, the first 24-hour hemodynamics, biological variables (arterial blood gases, cell counts, IL-6, adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and coagulation profiles).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total amount of 1,399 +/- 680 ml/m2 of mean combined ultrafiltrate volume was obtained (657 +/- 386 ml/m2 during cardiopulmonary bypass and 845 +/- 358 ml/m2 post-cardiopulmonary bypass). After modified ultrafiltration, hematocrit rose from 23 +/- 2.3 to 32 +/- 4.1, arterial systolic blood pressure rose from 74 +/- 13 to 98 +/- 20 mmHg, heart rate decreased from 133 +/- 22 to 126 +/- 23 bpm, and central versus pressure did not change. A statistically significant relationship (multivariable), was shown between modified ultrafiltration time and VCAM-1 post-ultrafiltration levels. Platelet count was lower and diuresis rose related to cardiopulmonary bypass ultrafiltration volume and diuresis increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative combined ultrafiltration is feasible without undue morbidity and provides adequate hemoconcentration and excellent postoperative hemodynamic results. More studies with control groups are necessary to better define the therapeutic influence in antiinflammatory properties of this technique.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Cardíaca, Complexo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, A Coruña. fportela@canalejo.cesga.es
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Portela
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Español
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quintáns
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pensado
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramil
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peteiro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juffé
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zavanella
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies