title: Ingestion of fumonisin B1-containing culture material decreases cardiac contractility and mechanical efficiency in swine.
abstract: Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced primarily by Fusarium verticillioides, a fungus that commonly contaminates corn. Fumonisin ingestion increases plasma and tissue sphingosine and sphinganine concentrations and causes porcine pulmonary edema, which has been attributed to acute left-sided heart failure or increased vascular permeability. We investigated the effect of short-term ingestion of fumonisin B1-containing culture material on cardiac function in pigs. Treated male pigs (n = 7) received fumonisin-containing culture material which was mixed into the grower diet at 20 mg fumonisin B1/kg body weight each day, while control pigs (n = 7) were fed only the grower diet on the same schedule as the treated pigs. Pigs were anesthetized after 3 days of receiving either diet and instrumented to accurately characterize the cardiovascular effects of fumonisin ingestion. Fumonisin-treated pigs had lower cardiac outputs and heart rates than control pigs. Fumonisin-treated pigs also had a marked reduction in cardiac contractility, as indicated by decreased values for end-systolic elastance (the gold standard in vivo measure of cardiac contractility), V(0) (the intercept value for the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship), and mechanical efficiency. These data indicate that in pigs, short-term ingestion of fumonisin B1-containing culture material produces negative inotropic and chronotropic effects and decreases mechanical efficiency of the left ventricle. Theses cardiovascular effects are consistent with fumonisin-induced, sphingosine-mediated l-type Ca(2+) channel blockade and suggest that pulmonary edema in pigs fed fumonisin is primarily due to acute left-sided heart failure instead of increased vascular permeability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61802, USA. p-constable@cvm.uiuc.edu
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Haschek
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D037341:Fumonisins; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects*; D017725:Ventricular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D037341:Fumonisins; D011412:Propanolamines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; C056933:fumonisin B1; D007545:Isoproterenol; C036604:esmolol