title: Pediatric sinonasal imaging: normal anatomy and inflammatory disease.
abstract: Pediatric sinonasal anatomy changes and develops from birth to adolescence. This article elucidates the normal anatomy and patterns of development in the pediatric population. Issues in pediaric sinusitis include indications for imaging, the nonspecificity of sinus opacification, and the importance of clinical information. Sinonasal physiology is briefly discussed to offer insight into the interpretation of radiographic findings. Cystic fibrosis, polyps, and choanal atresia, representing the spectrum of common pediatric sinonasal inflammatory disorders are illustrated, and the spectrum of orbital and intracranial complications of sinusitis is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeifer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000175:diagnosis; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development; D011127:Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis*