title: Effects of L-carnitine fed during lactation on sow and litter performance.
abstract: Sows of differing parities and genetics were used at different locations to determine the effects of feeding added L-carnitine during lactation on sow and litter performance. In Exp. 1, sows (n = 50 PIC C15) were fed a lactation diet (1.0% total lysine, .9% Ca, and .8% P) with or without 50 ppm of added L-carnitine from d 108 of gestation until weaning (d 21). No differences in litter weaning weight, survivability, sow ADFI, or sow weight and last rib fat depth change were observed. Number of pigs born alive in the subsequent farrowing were not different (P>.10). In Exp. 2, parity-three and -four sows (n = 115 Large White cross) were used to determine the effect of feeding 0, 50, 100, or 200 ppm of added L-carnitine during lactation (diet containing .9% total lysine, 1.0% Ca, and .8% P) on sow and litter performance. No improvements in the number of pigs or litter weights at weaning were observed (P>.10). Sows fed added L-carnitine had increased weight loss (linear; P<.04), but no differences (P>.10) were observed in last rib fat depth change or subsequent reproductive performance. In Exp. 3, first-parity sows (n = 107 PIC C15) were fed a diet with or without 50 ppm of added L-carnitine during lactation (diet containing 1.0% total lysine). Sows fed added L-carnitine tended (P<.10) to have fewer stillborn and mummified pigs than controls (.42 vs .81 pigs). No differences were observed for litter weaning weight, survivability, or subsequent farrowing performance. Feeding 50 to 200 ppm of added L-carnitine during lactation had little effect on sow and litter performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Musser
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Goodband
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tokach
authors.forename: K Q
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nelssen
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dritz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Civis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002331:Carnitine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D010298:Parity; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D002331:Carnitine