title: Resting lymphocyte kinase (Rlk/Txk) targets lymphoid adaptor SLP-76 in the cooperative activation of interleukin-2 transcription in T-cells.
abstract: Rlk/Txk is a T-cell-specific member of the Btk/Tec family of tyrosine kinases, whereas SLP-76 is a lymphoid adaptor that is essential for pre-TcR and mature TcR signaling. Although Rlk deficient T-cells show partial defects in T-cell proliferation, Rlk can complement ITK-/- cells with multiple defects in TcR initiated early events and interleukin (IL)-2 production. A key question is the nature of the target of Rlk responsible for bridging the TcR with the activation of IL-2 transcription. In this study, we identify a pathway in which Rlk phosphorylates SLP-76 leading to the phosphorylation of PLCgamma1, activation of ERKs, and the synergistic up-regulation of TcR-driven IL-2 NFAT/AP-1 transcription. Rlk phosphorylated the N-terminal region of SLP-76, a region that has been previously shown to serve as a target for ZAP-70. Loss of N-terminal YESP/YEPP sites of SLP-76 or the Rlk kinase activity attenuated cooperativity between Rlk and SLP-76. These observations support a model where the TcR can utilize Rlk (as well as ZAP-70) in the phosphorylation of key sites in SLP-76 leading to the up-regulation of Th1 preferred cytokine IL-2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guerette
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guntermann
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rudd
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; C092947:SLP-76 signal Transducing adaptor proteins; C089848:Tec protein-tyrosine kinase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; C497261:ZAP70 protein, human; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases