[Actual conditions of occupational health activities in small-scale enterprises in Japan: system for occupational health, health management and demands by small-scale enterprises].
In order to clarify the real conditions of occupational health services (OHS) in small-scale enterprises (SSEs) in Japan, we analyzed questionnaires recovered from 765 SSEs in the area of a city neighboring Osaka City (recovery rate, 69.3%). The SSEs included 358 SSEs with 1 to 4 workers (46.8% of total SSEs), 203 with 5 to 9 (26.5%), 163 with 10 to 29 (21.3%) and 41 with 30 to 49 (5.4%). The main types of businesses were manufacturing (374, 48.9% of total SSEs), wholesale/retail trade/restaurants (153, 20.0%), community, social and personal services (132, 17.3%) and construction (72, 9.4%). Health examinations were performed in 47.7% of SSEs. The reason for the lack of examinations were "shortage of time" (33.3% of SSEs lacking health examination) and "employees do not want to be examined" (28.1%). Some health promotion measures were conducted in 29.2% of SSEs. Health examination (59.0% of SSEs), health promotion (36.5%), measure of mental health (25.9%) and information service for employers and employees (25.5%) were demanded by SSEs as OHS. Financial subsidies and economical incentives were demanded by 46.4% and 28.8% of SSEs, respectively. Regional occupational health center in this area was poorly known among SSEs (8.2%), but health examination (48.4%), information service (37.5%), assessment of work method and advice to improve (19.8%) and environment measurement (12.4%) are demanded of the center by SSEs.
Hirata
M
M
Department of Occupational Health, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Japan.
Kumagai
S
S
Tabuchi
T
T
Tainaka
H
H
Andoh
K
K
Oda
H
H
D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000592:standards; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000592:standards; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D010808:Physical Examination; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires