title: [Confocal indocyanine green angiography with 3-dimensional topography. Results in choroid neovascularization (CNV)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Confocal indocyanin green angiography (ICGA) offers detailed two-dimensional imaging of choroidal pathologies. However, the spatial extension of lesions is not reproduced. We developed a novel method for three-dimensional documentation of choroidal vascular abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focal series were performed using a laser scanning ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg Retina Angiograph). Thirty-two images within a distance of 4 mm were taken at a frequency of 20 Hz. Following correction of dislocation, a surface of normalized fluorescence intensity was determined and displayed topographically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In physiological eyes three-dimensional ICGA demonstrates the homogeneous concavity of the choroid with prominent overlay of retinal vessels. Classic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) imposes as substantial elevation. Occult CNV are demarcated despite negative conventional ICGA due to reduction of blocking phenomena. Therapeutic interventions such as photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy and surgery induce a resolution of CNV with or without residual defects within the choroidal pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topographic ICGA allows for the first time in-vivo representation of prominence and depth of vascularized pathologies and provides a tool for improved diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik Universität Lübeck.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schmidt-Erfurth
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noack
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teschner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Birngruber
mesh_terms: D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D019721:Ophthalmoscopes; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green