title: Assessment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients with fibromyalgia: results of a prospective study.
abstract: Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) often describe the presence of dry eyes and other ocular symptoms. It has been claimed that a subgroup of patients with FM might have features suggestive of primary Sjögren syndrome. In others, such a relationship could not be found. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association and prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in patients with FM. Among 285 patients with FM, 40 patients reporting sicca symptoms were screened with Schirmer's I test, break-up time and Rose-Bengal score. KCS was diagnosed when two of the selected three tests gave pathological results. A detailed ophthalmological examination was also performed. In 15 patients the diagnosis of KCS could be confirmed. Eighteen of 40 patients had been taking low-dose antidepressants and 7 of them had objective signs of KCS. Eight of 40 patients had signs of chronic blepharitis and 4 of them had KCS. Fourteen patients showed unremarkable test results. Chronic blepharitis and the use of tricyclic antidepressants may play a role in developing KCS. It seems that the rate of KCS does not increase in patients with FM and they probably have objective ocular findings comparable with the normal population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology/Hematology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Günaydin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terhorst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eckstein
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daikeler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kanz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kötter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000009:adverse effects; D001762:Blepharitis / Q000150:complications; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007638:Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic