title: Comparative behavioral pharmacology of cocaine and the selective dopamine uptake inhibitor RTI-113 in the squirrel monkey.
abstract: The behavioral effects of 3beta-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane-2beta-carboxylic acid phenyl ester hydrochloride (RTI-113; 0.03-1.0 mg/kg), a selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, were compared with those of cocaine (0.03-3.0 mg/kg) and 1-(2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride (GBR 12909; 0.03-3.0 mg/kg) in squirrel monkeys. Intermediate doses of each drug produced significant increases in response rate maintained by a fixed-interval (FI) 300-s schedule of stimulus termination, but RTI-113 was less effective than cocaine or GBR 12909. The order of potency for increasing response rate was RTI-113 >/= cocaine > GBR 12909. In drug time course determinations, RTI-113 and GBR 12909 had longer durations of action than cocaine. RTI-113 substituted completely for cocaine in subjects trained to discriminate cocaine and saline under a two-lever drug-discrimination procedure maintained by food delivery. RTI-113 also reliably maintained self-administration behavior in subjects trained under a second-order FI 900-s schedule of i.v. cocaine delivery. Pretreatment with RTI-113 significantly decreased responding for cocaine at the highest pretreatment dose, but RTI-113 had similar effects on responding maintained by a second-order FI 900-s schedule of stimulus termination. The results indicate that the behavioral pharmacology of RTI-113 is similar to that of cocaine, further implicating a prominent role for dopamine uptake inhibition in the behavioral effects of cocaine. Its longer duration of action in conjunction with less pronounced behavioral-stimulant effects are desirable properties for a substitute pharmacotherapy for cocaine abuse. RTI-113 effectively decreased cocaine self-administration behavior, although its direct rate-altering effects may have contributed to the interactions obtained.
authors.affiliation: Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. leonard@rmy.emory.edu
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Czoty
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kuhar
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Carrol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D008297:Male; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012453:Saimiri; D012646:Self Administration / Q000523:psychology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; C114870:RTI-113; C043425:vanoxerine; D003042:Cocaine