title: Is local anesthesia an affordable alternative to general anesthesia for minilaparoscopy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if minilaparoscopy under local anesthesia is at least as reliable and affordable as that performed under general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study (Canadian Task Force classification I).
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty-four consecutive women evaluated for infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic minilaparoscopy performed after women were randomized to receive general or local anesthesia with conscious sedation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of postoperative pain measured by visual analog scale; volume of CO(2) used; length of procedure, complete pelvic evaluation, and hospitalization; complications; and pathologic diagnosis were evaluated. The groups were comparable in age, years of infertility, and symptoms. For women receiving local anesthesia, 5.5% required general anesthesia to complete the procedure. Women in both groups required postoperative analgesics. The groups had no statistically significant differences in pain level 1 hour after the procedure, number of complications, and pelvic pathology. Patients who had local anesthesia required a smaller volume of CO(2) (p <0.01) and their hospitalization was significantly shorter (p <0.01). However, in 15% of these women pelvic visualization was incomplete, compared with 7.2% in the general anesthesia group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minilaparoscopy performed under local anesthesia was as reliable and affordable as when performed under general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Ospedale S. Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli, Ple Fatebenefratelli 4, 00186 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zupi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marconi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sbracia
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zullo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dauri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romanini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015742:Propofol; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol