title: Elevated picture completion scores: a possible indicator of hypervigilance in maltreated preschoolers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Picture Completion subtest of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R) measures visual alertness and the ability to differentiate essential from nonessential details. In children who are hypervigilant as a result of maltreatment, these skills may be over-functioning. It was hypothesized that the Picture Completion subtest scores of these children would be significantly elevated in comparison to their other nonverbal scores and their overall intellectual functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen children from a therapeutic day treatment preschool program for maltreated children were administered the WPPSI-R. Standardized discrepancy scores between Picture Completion scores and Performance mean scores (PC-Performance Discrepancy) and the mean of all subscale scores (PC-Overall IQ Discrepancy) were formed and then analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The abused preschoolers scored significantly lower than the population mean on four of the five WPPSI-R Performance subscales. Only on Picture Completion did they score significantly higher. Average PC-Performance Discrepancy and PC-Overall IQ Discrepancy scores were greater than one, indicating that the mean difference of children's Picture Completion score from either their Performance mean score or all of their mean scores was more than one standard deviation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated Picture Completion score may serve as a marker for hypervigilance and/or PTSD in children with histories of maltreatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Boetsch
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Harmon
mesh_terms: D001143:Arousal; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D002656:Child Day Care Centers; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003120:Colorado; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D014888:Wechsler Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*