title: A report of vitamin and mineral supplement use among university athletes in a division I institution.
abstract: The influences of gender, ethnicity, and sport of varsity athletes on their vitamin/mineral supplementation habits were examined. Subjects included 145 females and 266 males from 22 varsity teams; 80% were Caucasian; 12% African American; and 8% Combined-Other. Over half of the subjects took supplements. Males were more likely than females to give "too expensive" as a reason for not taking supplements, and "improve athletic performance" and "build muscle" as reasons for taking supplements. The most common supplement was multivitamins plus minerals. Females were more likely to take calcium and iron, and males vitamins B12 and A. African Americans were the most likely to take vitamin A. Males were more likely to get supplement information from nutritionists/dietitians and self, and females from family members or friends and physicians or pharmacists. Football players were more likely to get supplement information from nutritionists/dietitians, and males in other sports from coaches/trainers. There were some differences in vitamin/mineral supplement habits of the athletes by gender, ethnicity, and sport.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Krumbach
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Driskell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009329:Nebraska / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013177:Sports; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins