title: Transmission of vesicular stomatitis virus from infected to noninfected black flies co-feeding on nonviremic deer mice.
abstract: Vesicular stomatitis is an economically important arboviral disease of livestock. Viremia is absent in infected mammalian hosts, and the mechanism by which insects become infected with the causative agents, vesicular stomatitis viruses, remains unknown. Because infected and noninfected insects potentially feed on the same host in nature, infected and noninfected black flies were allowed to feed on the same host. Viremia was not detected in the host after infection by a black fly bite, but because noninfected black flies acquired the virus while co-feeding on the same host with infected black flies, it is concluded that a viremic host is not necessary for an insect to be infected with the virus. Thus co-feeding is a mechanism of infection for an insect-transmitted virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, and University Animal Care, 1117 East Lowell, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. dmead@u.arizona.edu
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mead
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Ramberg
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Besselsen
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Maré
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D010542:Peromyscus / Q000821:virology; D011897:Random Allocation; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D012843:Simuliidae / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D014766:Viremia