title: Genetic susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Koreans: combined analysis of polymorphic genotypes for microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although smoking is the major causal factor in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), only 10-20% of chronic heavy cigarette smokers develop symptomatic COPD which suggests the presence of genetic susceptibility. This genetic susceptibility to COPD might depend on variations in enzyme activities that detoxify cigarette smoke products such as microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEPHX) and glutathione-S transferase (GST). As there is increasing evidence that several genes influence the development of COPD, multiple gene polymorphisms should be investigated to find out the genetic susceptibility to COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes of 83 patients with COPD and 76 healthy smoking control subjects were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the mEPHX gene, and multiplex PCR for GST M1 and GST T1 genes. The frequencies of polymorphic genotypes of mEPHX, GST M1, and GST T1 genes were compared both individually and in combination in patients with COPD and healthy smokers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were observed in the frequency of polymorphic genotypes in exons 3 and 4 of mEPHX, GST M1, and GST T1 genes between patients with COPD and healthy smokers. The frequencies of any combination of these genotypes also showed no differences between the COPD group and the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic polymorphisms in mEPHX, GST M1, and GST T1 genes are not associated with the development of COPD in Koreans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Lung Institute, and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000208:ethnology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases