title: Medium chain triglycerides activate distal but not proximal gut hormones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compared to long chain triglycerides (LCT), medium chain triglycerides (MCT) are considered an attractive caloric source in malabsorptive diseases because of their favorable physico-chemical characteristics. The use of MCTis, however, limited by the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhoea. We have, therefore, investigated the effects of MCT and LCT on proximal (cholecystokinin; CCK) and distal (peptide YY; PYY) gut hormone secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy volunteers participated in four experiments performed in random order during continuous intraduodenal administration for 360 min of a) saline (control); b) LCT15 mmol/h; c) MCT15mmol/h (equimolar); d) MCT 30 mmol/h (equicaloric). Plasma CCK and PYY were determined at regular intervals (radioimmunoassay). Duodenocecal transit (DCTT) was measured by lactulose H(2)breath test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DCTT during LCT (105 +/- 11 min) was not significantly different from saline (111 +/- 10 min). Both low dose MCT (54 +/- 5 min) and high dose MCT (61 +/- 6 min) significantly accelerated DCTT (P< 0.05). Plasma CCK increased significantly (P< 0.05) during LCT but not during MCT or saline. PYY increased significantly (P< 0.05) not only during LCT, but also during low and high dose MCT but not during saline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraduodenal MCTs a) accelerate intestinal transit; b) do not stimulate CCK release; c) but stimulate release of the distal gut hormone PYY. These results suggest that MCTs are not rapidly absorbed in the proximal gut but probably reach the ileocolonic region and stimulate PYY release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Vu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verkijk
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Biemond
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lamers
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Masclee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D019894:Peptide YY; D002766:Cholecystokinin