title: Effect of ischemic preconditioning on endothelial dysfunction and granulocyte adhesion in isolated guinea-pig hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.
abstract: It has been demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) affords protection against the post-ischemic endothelial dysfunction. Here, a hypothesis was tested that IPC, by protecting the endothelium, prevents also the adherence of granulocytes (PMNs) in the post-ischemic heart. Langendorff-perfused guinea-pig hearts were subjected to 30 min ischemia/30 min reperfusion (IR) and peritoneal PMNs were infused between 15 and 25 min of the reperfusion. Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced coronary vasodilatation and nitrite outflow were used to measure endothelial function and coronary flow response to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) served as a measure of endothelium-independent vascular function. The endothelial adherence of PMNs to the coronary microvessels was assessed in histological preparation of the myocardium. In the hearts subjected to IR, ACh-induced vasodilatation and nitrite outflow were reduced by 55% and 69%, respectively, SNP response remained unaltered, and 22% of microvessels were occupied by PMNs, as compared to 2% in the sheam perfused hearts. These alterations were attenuated by IPC (3 x 5 min ischemia). A selectin blocker, sulfatide, prevented IR-induced PMNs adherence and did not affect the responses to ACh and SNP. These data demonstrate that IR leads to the endothelial dysfunction and to the selectin-mediated PMNs adhesion in the isolated guinea-pig and that IPC attenuates both alterations. We speculate that the pro-adhesive effect of IR is secondary to the endothelial injury and that the anti-PMNs action represents a novel cardioprotective mechanism of IPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurzelewski
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Czarnowska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maczewski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beresewicz
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019087:Selectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009573:Nitrites; D019087:Selectins; D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000109:Acetylcholine