Intracellular copper routing: the role of copper chaperones.
Copper is required by all living systems. Cells have a variety of mechanisms to deal with this essential, yet toxic trace element. A recently discovered facet of homeostatic mechanisms is the protein-mediated, intracellular delivery of copper to target proteins. This routing is accomplished by a novel class of proteins, the 'copper chaperones'. They are a family of conserved proteins present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which suggests that copper chaperones are used throughout nature for intracellular copper routing.
Harrison
M D
MD
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, The Medical School, University of Newcastle, UK NE2 4HH.
Jones
C E
CE
Solioz
M
M
Dameron
C T
CT
D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D056511:Metallochaperones; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
C474500:ATOX1 protein, human; C093341:ATX1 protein, S cerevisiae; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C116349:CUC-1 protein, C elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; C092378:CopY protein, Enterococcus hirae; C092379:CopZ protein, Enterococcus hirae; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C082891:MelC1 protein, Streptomyces; D056511:Metallochaperones; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D003300:Copper