title: House dust induces IL-6 and IL-8 response in A549 epithelial cells.
abstract: The in vitro potency of house dust to induce cytokine response in A549 lung epithelial cells was studied. Dusts collected from carpet, bed, shelf and floor of a villa and an apartment by vacuuming were found to trigger the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner, and the interleukin production was several-fold higher than of swine dust (used as a positive control). The IL-8 and IL-6 production of pure Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide was significantly lower than of the dusts and a peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex did not show any stimulatory effect at all. The lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan contents of the samples were determined by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of, respectively, 3-hydroxy fatty acids and muramic acid; in addition, ergosterol was monitored for fungal biomass. The inflammatory properties of house dust upon inhalation may be reflected in its high potency to induce cytokine response in lung epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden. Anita.Saraf@mmb.lu.se
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraf
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palmberg
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004391:Dust; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8