title: kappa-Opioid receptors in the substantia nigra pars reticulata mediate the U-50,488-induced locomotor activity of preweanling rats.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to determine the neuroanatomical location where kappa-opioid receptor stimulation induces locomotor activity in the preweanling rat. To confirm that the U-50,488-induced locomotor activity of preweanling rats is mediated by kappa-opioid receptors, 18-day-old rats were initially injected with vehicle or the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50,488 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) followed, 15 min later, by an injection of the kappa-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI; 0, 2, 4, 8, or 12 mg/kg, s.c.). In subsequent experiments, 18-day-old rats were injected with vehicle or U-50,488 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) 15 min prior to bilateral administration (0.25 or 0.5 microl per side) of nor-BNI (0, 5, 10, or 20 microg) into the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR) or medial dorsal striatum (MDS). In the final experiment, 18-day-old rats received bilateral administration (0.25 microl per side) of vehicle or U-50,488 (0.0, 0.8, 1.6, or 3.2 microg) into the SNR. Results showed that systemically administered nor-BNI (0-12 mg/kg, s.c.) produced a dose-dependent reduction in the U-50, 488-induced locomotor activity of preweanling rats. The site of action for U-50,488's locomotor-activating effects appeared to be the SNR, because (a) bilateral administration of nor-BNI (5, 10, or 20 microg) into the SNR caused a complete attenuation of U-50, 488-induced locomotion, and (b) bilateral administration of U-50,488 into the SNR caused a dose-dependent increase in the locomotor activity of preweanling rats. Striatal injections of nor-BNI did not affect U-50,488-induced locomotor activity. When these findings are considered together it is apparent that stimulation of kappa-opioid receptors in the SNR is both necessary and sufficient for the occurrence of U-50,488-induced locomotor activity in the preweanling rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zavala
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nazarian
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McDougall
mesh_terms: D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; C051844:norbinaltorphimine; D009271:Naltrexone; D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer