title: Insulin inhibits migration of vascular smooth muscle cells with inducible nitric oxide synthase.
abstract: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration participates in atherosclerosis and arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty. Because these processes are enhanced in insulin-resistant states, our goal was to determine whether insulin affects VSMC migration and, if so, how. The migration of primary cultured VSMCs from canine femoral artery was measured with the use of a wound migration assay and related to cGMP levels. Insulin (1 nmol/L) did not affect migration or cGMP production in control cells. When inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was induced by 24-hour preincubation with lipopolysaccharide and interleuken-1beta, basal migration decreased, cGMP production increased, and insulin inhibited migration by >90% and stimulated cGMP production by 3-fold. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine blocked the affect of insulin on the migration of VSMCs with iNOS. 8-Bromo-cGMP inhibited VSMC migration in control cells, and 1-H-1[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4, 3a]quinoxolin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, blocked the inhibition by insulin of migration of cells with iNOS. We conclude that insulin does not normally affect cGMP production or the migration of these VSMCs. However, after the induction of iNOS, insulin stimulates cGMP production and inhibits migration via an NOS-and a cGMP-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA. akahn@heart.med.uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000166:cytology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D011810:Quinoxalines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP