Heterogeneous cytokine production by acutely stimulated bronchoalveolar T lymphocytes in reovirus 1/Lang-infected mice.
While the in vitro properties of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cytokine-producing lymphocytes have been well studied, the in vivo cytokine production patterns and relative roles of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes during a primary in vivo immune response remain unclear. In this study, mice were inoculated intranasally with reovirus 1/L, and respiratory T lymphocyte populations were analyzed using multicolor flow cytometric analysis for the production of cytokine within and between classical type 1/type 2 patterns. Cytokine production observed in vivo following infection did not correlate with classical T cell cytokine expression patterns; instead, multiple types of lymphocyte populations that produced one of several possible cytokine combinations were present. Cytokine production by CD4(+) lymphocytes appears in the early and middle stages of the immune response, while CD8(+) lymphocytes produce more cytokine in the later stages. Early cytokine responses occurred predominantly in the whole lung and lung-associated lymph node populations. The complex patterns of cytokine expression seen in this study likely influence local cell-mediated immunity as well as the complex interaction of T cell subsets and the interaction of T cells with B cells which are necessary for the generation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses required for effective broad-spectrum immunity.
Thompson
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AH
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
London
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London
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D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018165:Orthoreovirus; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000276:immunology*; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2