title: Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke.
abstract: Cerebral edema contributes significantly to morbidity and death associated with many common neurological disorders. However, current treatment options are limited to hyperosmolar agents and surgical decompression, therapies introduced more than 70 years ago. Here we show that mice deficient in aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a glial membrane water channel, have much better survival than wild-type mice in a model of brain edema caused by acute water intoxication. Brain tissue water content and swelling of pericapillary astrocytic foot processes in AQP4-deficient mice were significantly reduced. In another model of brain edema, focal ischemic stroke produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion, AQP4-deficient mice had improved neurological outcome. Cerebral edema, as measured by percentage of hemispheric enlargement at 24 h, was decreased by 35% in AQP4-deficient mice. These results implicate a key role for AQP4 in modulating brain water transport, and suggest that AQP4 inhibition may provide a new therapeutic option for reducing brain edema in a wide variety of cerebral disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. manley@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Manley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noshita
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Filiz
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bollen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Verkman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051401:Aquaporin 4; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000235:genetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014869:Water Intoxication / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: C496031:Aqp4 protein, mouse; D051401:Aquaporin 4; D020346:Aquaporins