title: Biomechanical and histologic observations of vocal fold fibrous proteins.
abstract: This article discusses the molecular composition of the vocal fold and the relationship of fibrous molecules to the biomechanical and physiological performance of the tissue. The components of the extracellular matrix may be divided into fibrous proteins and interstitial proteins. The fibrous proteins, consisting of collagens and elastins, are the focus of this report. Elastin concentration varies by tissue depth in the vocal folds. Variation of elastin by age is reported, but some controversy exists. The biomechanical terms of stress and strain (and stress-strain curves of human vocal folds) are related to the fibrous proteins of the vocal folds. The fibrous proteins, their role in stress, and their effect on the dynamic range of vocal pitch are presented.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Voice and Speech, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84113, USA.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Titze
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alipour
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hammond
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D004549:Elastin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D014831:Voice / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen; D004549:Elastin