title: Intracoronary adenovirus-mediated delivery and overexpression of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor in the heart : prospects for molecular ventricular assistance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic modulation of ventricular function may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with congestive heart failure. Myocardial overexpression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors (beta(2)ARs) has been shown to enhance contractility in transgenic mice and reverse signaling abnormalities found in failing cardiomyocytes in culture. In this study, we sought to determine the feasibility and in vivo consequences of delivering an adenovirus containing the human beta(2)AR cDNA to ventricular myocardium via catheter-mediated subselective intracoronary delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rabbits underwent percutaneous subselective catheterization of either the left or right coronary artery and infusion of adenoviral vectors containing either a marker transgene (Adeno-betaGal) or the beta(2)AR (Adeno-beta(2)AR). Ventricular function was assessed before catheterization and 3 to 6 days after gene delivery. Both left circumflex- and right coronary artery-mediated delivery of Adeno-beta(2)AR resulted in approximately 10-fold overexpression in a chamber-specific manner. Delivery of Adeno-betaGal did not alter in vivo left ventricular (LV) systolic function, whereas overexpression of beta(2)ARs in the LV improved global LV contractility, as measured by dP/dt(max), at baseline and in response to isoproterenol at both 3 and 6 days after gene delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous adenovirus-mediated intracoronary delivery of a potentially therapeutic transgene is feasible, and acute global LV function can be enhanced by LV-specific overexpression of the beta(2)AR. Thus, genetic modulation to enhance the function of the heart may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for congestive heart failure and can be viewed as molecular ventricular assistance.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General and Thoracic Surgery, and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Lilly
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kypson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pippen
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Silvestry
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lefkowitz
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Glower
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D007545:Isoproterenol