title: Comparative insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzyme activities among pestiferous blattodea.
abstract: Topical bioassays using propoxur, chlorpyrifos, and lambda-cyhalothrin were conducted on eight cockroach species. Based on lethal dose values, the relative toxicities of the insecticide classes were generally pyrethroid > carbamate > organophosphorous. Lambda-Cyhalothrin and propoxur were more toxic toward the Blattidae as compared with the Blattellidae. The order of lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity was Periplaneta americana > Periplaneta brunnea = Periplaneta australasiae = Periplaneta fuliginosa = Blatta orientalis > Blattella asahinai = Blattella germanica > Blattella vaga. The order of propoxur toxicity was B. orientalis > P. americana > P. brunnea = P. australasiae > B. asahinai > P. fuliginosa = B. germanica > B. vaga. The order of chlorpyrifos toxicity was P. americana > B. asahinai = B. vaga > B. orientalis = P. australasiae = P. brunnea > B. germanica = P. fuliginosa. Detoxification enzyme activities for each species also were measured and compared with insecticide toxicity. Propoxur LD50 was significantly (P = 0.01; r = 0.81) correlated with glutathione S-transferase activity. Lambda-Cyhalothrin LD50 correlated with methoxyresorufin O-demethylase activity (P = 0.01; r = 0.81), carboxylesterase activity (P = 0.03; r = - 0.75), general esterase activity (P = 0.02; r = - 0.79), and cockroach weight (P = 0.01; r = -0.95).
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. svalles@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Valles
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D004950:Esterases / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007306:Insecticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009570:Nitriles; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D001074:Propoxur / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D001074:Propoxur; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004950:Esterases; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; C037304:cyhalothrin