Expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and NCAM in uveal melanoma: a clinicopathological study.
To investigate the relationship between the expression of the cell adhesion molecules intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in uveal melanoma and the metastatic spread in the first 5 years after diagnosis, we performed a hospital-based case-control study with human tissue from 90 patients who underwent enucleation for primary uveal melanoma (iris melanoma excluded). Thirty-five patients developed metastasis within the first 5 years, and 55 patients lived metastasis-free for at least 5 years after enucleation. The paraffin-embedded and formalin-fixed globes were studied by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies for ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and NCAM. A strong ICAM-1 positivity (more than 75% of the tumor cells stained positive) was detected in 73 tumors (81%). The expression of 75% or less ICAM-1 positive cells in tumors was strongly associated with the development of metastases (odds ratio: 7.5, p = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression models showed that ICAM-1 is an independent risk factor for metastasis even after control for important prognostic markers like extraocular growth, ciliary body involvement, scleral infiltration and cell type. VCAM-1 was expressed in 24 out of 88 tumors (27.3%) and NCAM only in 14 out of 87 tumors (16%). Only spindle cells stained positive with anti-NCAM. NCAM and VCAM-1 expression was not related to metastasis. Our results show that the loss of ICAM-1 expression is associated with an increased risk of metastasis within the first 5 years after diagnosis.
Anastassiou
G
G
Department of Ophthalmology, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Essen, Germany. gerasimos.anastassion@uni-essen.de
Schilling
H
H
Stang
A
A
Djakovic
S
S
Heiligenhaus
A
A
Bornfeld
N
N
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*
D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1