title: Bovine respiratory disease: commercial vaccines currently available in Canada.
abstract: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a significant cost to both the beef and dairy industries. In the United States, an estimated 640 million dollars is lost annually due to BRD. Losses are largely a result of pneumonic pasteurellosis ("shipping fever"), enzootic pneumonia of calves, and atypical interstitial pneumonia. In Canada, over 80% of the biologics licensed for use in cattle are against agents associated with BRD. The objectives of this paper were (a) to summarize information available concerning commercial vaccines currently used in Canada for protection against BRD, and (b) to provide an easily accessible resource for veterinary practitioners and researchers. Information from the most recent Compendium of Veterinary Products has been tabulated for each vaccine by trade name, according to vaccine type, and the pathogens against which they are designed to protect. Additional information from published articles (peer-reviewed and other) has been provided and referenced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bowland
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Shewen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014612:Vaccines; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines