title: Extraocular muscle responses to high dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis.
abstract: Three patients with generalised myasthenia gravis and three with ocular myasthenia gravis received two to five courses of high dose intravenous methylprednisolone because of the failure of standard immunomodulating therapies. Changes in myasthenic signs were assessed using a four step system for grading muscle weakness and fatiguability in 10 test items. Although a brief and modest amelioration was found from day 1 to day 2 after the initial infusion in two patients with generalised myasthenia gravis, all three experienced a prolonged phase of worsening followed by improvement before the next course. Conversely, for two of the patients with ocular myasthenia gravis, a transient but dramatic improvement of ptosis and ocular immobility was noted from 90 minutes to 5 hours after initiating the first infusion, followed by mild or no exacerbation. This 3 hour improvement may be related not only to possible differences in the neuromuscular junction, but also to corticosteroids unmasking the central adaptation for the peripheral ocular muscle weakness by increasing the acetylcholine release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Urafune Hospital of Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Komiyama@kkr.hiratsuka.kanagawa.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kijima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirayama
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000109:Acetylcholine; D008775:Methylprednisolone