title: Requirement of Sox2-mediated signaling for differentiation of early Xenopus neuroectoderm.
abstract: From early stages of development, Sox2-class transcription factors (Sox1, Sox2 and Sox3) are expressed in neural tissues and sensory epithelia. In this report, we show that Sox2 function is required for neural differentiation of early Xenopus ectoderm. Microinjection of dominant-negative forms of Sox2 (dnSox2) mRNA inhibits neural differentiation of animal caps caused by attenuation of BMP signals. Expression of dnSox2 in developing embryos suppresses expression of N-CAM and regional neural markers. We have analyzed temporal requirement of Sox2-mediated signaling by using an inducible dnSox2 construct fused to the ligand-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor. Attenuation of Sox2 function both from the late blastula stage and from the late gastrula stage onwards causes an inhibition of neural differentiation in animal caps and in whole embryos. Additionally, dnSox2-injected cells that fail to differentiate into neural tissues are not able to adopt epidermal cell fate. These data suggest that Sox2-class genes are essential for early neuroectoderm cells to consolidate their neural identity during secondary steps of neural differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuseki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sasai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D024002:HMGB Proteins; D008297:Male; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029867:Xenopus Proteins
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D024002:HMGB Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C527781:sox2 protein, Xenopus