title: Early disruption of centromeric chromatin organization in centromere protein A (Cenpa) null mice.
abstract: Centromere protein A (Cenpa for mouse, CENP-A for other species) is a histone H3-like protein that is thought to be involved in the nucleosomal packaging of centromeric DNA. Using gene targeting, we have disrupted the mouse Cenpa gene and demonstrated that the gene is essential. Heterozygous mice are healthy and fertile whereas null mutants fail to survive beyond 6.5 days postconception. Affected embryos show severe mitotic problems, including micronuclei and macronuclei formation, nuclear bridging and blebbing, and chromatin fragmentation and hypercondensation. Immunofluorescence analysis of interphase cells at day 5.5 reveals complete Cenpa depletion, diffuse Cenpb foci, absence of discrete Cenpc signal on centromeres, and dispersion of Cenpb and Cenpc throughout the nucleus. These results suggest that Cenpa is essential for kinetochore targeting of Cenpc and plays an early role in organizing centromeric chromatin at interphase. The evidence is consistent with the proposal of a critical epigenetic function for CENP-A in marking a chromosomal region for centromere formation.
authors.affiliation: The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Howman
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Newson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Redward
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalitsis
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002503:Centromere / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000076247:Centromere Protein A; D051936:Centromere Protein B; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018390:Gene Targeting; D005804:Genes, Lethal; D005838:Genotype; D007399:Interphase; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; C000619701:Cenpa protein, mouse; C497927:Cenpb protein, mouse; D000076247:Centromere Protein A; D051936:Centromere Protein B; D002843:Chromatin; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C060905:centromere protein C