title: The design, errors and costs of a local adult oral health survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the errors and costs of a sampling and survey design for producing reliable estimates of oral health in a demographically diverse local population with a potentially high non-response rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A two-stage cluster sample of 45-54 year old adults was drawn from a sampling frame of patients registered with local GPs and cross checked against the electoral register. The modes of data collection were interview/examination and questionnaire. Statistical properties of the estimates were evaluated and costs of the survey described.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of categories of non-response were described. Sample characteristics were compared with (1) the local population's (1991) census distribution with respect to gender, ethnic composition and socio-economic group (SEG); (2) local utilisation data. The bias effects on oral health values of gender, SEG and non-response, were estimated. The design effect was described for mean number of teeth and proportion with 21 teeth or more. Optimal primary and secondary sample sizes, and non-response follow-up fractions, were estimated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper describes and costs a sampling and survey design which efficiently produced statistically acceptable estimates of oral health, using small samples from a selected age group in a district, posing demographic and non-response problems in ensuring reliable epidemiological results. The findings indicate that national surveys may give reasonable projected estimates for even richly diverse local populations.
authors.affiliation: Enfield and Haringey, Health Authority, London, UK.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Edger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015982:Bias; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D003753:Dental Health Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012107:Research Design; D012494:Sampling Studies