title: Antioxidants protect against dopamine-induced metallothionein-III (GIF) mRNA expression in mouse glial cell line (VR-2g).
abstract: Metallothionein (MT)-III, originally discovered as a growth inhibitory factor (GIF), is a brain specific isomer of MTs and is markedly reduced in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other neurodegenerative diseases. We analyzed the level and regulation of mRNA expression of MT-III in immortalized fetal mouse brain glial cells (VR-2g) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We have recently reported that dopamine (DA) increases the expression of MT-III mRNA in vitro. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of such increase by examining the effects of DA agonists (SKF38393 or bromocriptine) and DA antagonists (SCH23390 or sulpiride) on the expression of MT-III mRNA. MT-III mRNA did not change by either agonist and DA-increased MT-III mRNA was not inhibited by either antagonist. These results suggested that the induction of MT-III mRNA by DA was not mediated by stimulation of DA receptors. On the other hand, DA-induced MT-III mRNA expression was strongly inhibited by the addition of antioxidants (glutathione, vitamin E or ascorbic acid), indicating that DA-enhanced MT-III mRNA was mediated by reactive oxygen species. Our results suggest that oxidative stress may be one of the principle factors that modulate MT-III mRNA expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Dental School, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan. caoki@dent.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sogawa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sogawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuta
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D050536:Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NAD+); D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000819:agonists; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000975:Antioxidants; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D014810:Vitamin E; D007980:Levodopa; D016627:Oxidopamine; D008668:Metallothionein; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; D050536:Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NAD+); D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine