title: Initiation of phase III contractions in the jejunum by atropine, hexamethonium and xylocaine in conscious dogs.
abstract: Mechanisms of initiation of phase III contractions in the jejunum during the digestive state are not well understood. To test whether phase III can be induced by a local injection of various agents in a jejunal segment, a polyethylene tube was chronically placed in a branch of the jejunal artery, and force transducers were chronically placed in the upper jejunum. Local injection of atropine, hexamethonium and xylocaine induced caudal-migrating phase III in the injected segment only in the digestive state, and simultaneous intra-arterial infusions of L-arginine, an NK-1 antagonist, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1P and 3 antagonists inhibited the induced phase III. Intravenous atropine and hexamethonium also inhibited xylocaine-induced phase III contractions. Atropine and hexamethonium-induced phase III were brought about by inhibition of neural transmission at nicotinic receptors in the inhibitory pathway to NO neurones. NK-1, 5-HT1P and 5-HT3 receptors are present in the excitatory but not the inhibitory pathway to NO neurones. Xylocaine appears to stop neuronal transmission from mechanoreceptors to NO neurones. Thus, the initiation of spontaneous occurrence of phase III in the digestive jejunum is likely to be brought about by transient cessation of postprandial contractions in a segment of the jejunum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Oita Medical University, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tohara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077221:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; D003243:Consciousness; D004285:Dogs; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000502:physiology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000077221:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010880:Piperidines; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D013449:Sulfonamides; C058636:calcitonin gene-related peptide (8-37); C080755:3-(2-methoxybenzylamino)-2-phenylpiperidine; D012701:Serotonin; D018738:Hexamethonium; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D001285:Atropine; D001120:Arginine; D008012:Lidocaine; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D000109:Acetylcholine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; C082871:GR 113808