title: The long-term reinfection rate and the course of duodenal ulcer disease after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a developing country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the natural history of duodenal ulcer disease and the reinfection rate after treatment in a developing country.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 111 H. pylori-infected patients with duodenal ulcer were treated with either omeprazole or famotidine plus two antibiotics for 2 wk. Those failed to respond to treatment were retreated with bismuth-based triple therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The radication rate was 76% (95% CI: 67-83%). Eventually, H. pylori was eradicated in 96 of the 111 patients (86%), who were followed-up clinically and endoscopically for a mean of 37.2 months. The cumulative reinfection rate after eradication (Kaplan-Meier) was 8%+/-3% in yr 1, 11%+/-4% in yr 2, and 13%+/-4% in yr 3. Nine of the 12 reinfections occurred during yr 1. Recurrence of duodenal ulcer was detected in five patients (5.2%), all of them during yr 1 of follow-up. Histologically, gastritis scores (according to the Sydney system) improved significantly after eradication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a high prevalence setting, H. pylori eradication and early reinfection rates after treatment are similar to rates observed in a low prevalence environment, whereas the late reinfection rate seems to be higher. However, up to 3 yr after treatment, most treated patients are free of H. pylori infection and/or ulcer activity. Even longer follow-up studies are necessary to determine whether specific retreatment policies are necessary to maintain long term eradication in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rollan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giancaspero
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fuster
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Acevedo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002677:Chile; D003906:Developing Countries; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015738:Famotidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005756:Gastritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D014011:Tinidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D014011:Tinidazole; D008795:Metronidazole; D015738:Famotidine; D000658:Amoxicillin; D009853:Omeprazole