title: [Functional evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis].
abstract: The regulation of hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is controlled by three major factors: stress, circadian rhythm and negative feedback. Hypothalamic CRF binds to CRF receptor on ACTH cells and stimulates synthesis and secretion of ACTH. However, vasopressin binds to V1b receptor and enhances CRF induced ACTH secretion. ACTH stimulate secretion of cortisol and DHEA-S. Cortisol inhibits secretion of CRF and ACTH with negative feedback mechanism. To evaluate the ability of the hypothalamus to secrete CRF, insulin-induced hypoglycemia and metyrapone tests are used. For evaluation of the secretion of pituitary ACTH and adrenal cortisol, a CRF test is useful. Autonomic secretion of ACTH and/or cortisol is evaluated with a dexamethasone suppression test.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000502:physiology*; D008722:Methods; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C067133:corticotropin releasing factor-binding protein; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone