Evidence of genocide 7000 BP--Neolithic paradigm and geo-climatic reality.
The early Neolithic fortified settlement of Schletz, Lower Austria is emerging as one of the most interesting sites of Linear Pottery culture excavation in Austria. In the course of systematic investigations carried out since 1983, a plethora of unexpected results have been obtained. Specifically, the human skeletal remains of 67 individuals have been found at the base of an oval trench system. Without exception, these remains are characterized by multiple traumatic lesions as well as carnivore gnaw marks. Demographic analysis presents the picture of the entire population of this early farming settlement having been extinguished. Further, the findings suggest that a genocide scenario may have been responsible for the final demise of this settlement. The age and sex distribution reveals a lack of young females, who are interpreted as having been abducted by aggressors. There is however no direct skeletal evidence of aggressors at the site; in fact, the uniformity of Strontium isotope ratios (HR-ICP-MS analysis) implies that all 67 individuals, who were left unburied for months, were indigenous. Supporting evidence of increased levels of inter-human aggression--possibly caused by a broad wave of migration--comes from other contemporary end linear pottery sites in Germany. Such findings are here discussed in the context of a dramatic geological event in the region of the Black Sea shelf at this time (7.550 BP), which led to the submergence of some 100.000 square kilometers of fertile land, and which might have been responsible for subsequent gradual population movements into the interior of Europe.
Teschler-Nicola
M
M
Department of Archaeological Biology and Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Austria.
Gerold
F
F
Bujatti-Narbeshuber
M
M
Prohaska
T
T
Latkoczy
C
C
Stingeder
G
G
Watkins
M
M
D000818:Animals; D001317:Austria; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000266:history; D005260:Female; D049690:History, Ancient; D006708:Homicide / Q000266:history*; D015186:Hominidae; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010164:Paleopathology