Extirpated uterine endometrial cryoablation with ultrasound visualization.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the efficacy of cryoablation of the uterus monitored by ultrasound.


METHODS
Observational research (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).


METHODS
Clinic laboratory.


METHODS
Eight uteri obtained after hysterectomy.


METHODS
The uteri were subjected to freeze and thaw cycles in a 37 inverted exclamation markC water bath. Ultrasound was used to monitor the advancing ice front and ice ball diameter.


RESULTS
Specimens were sectioned and stained with tetrazolium red to determine the region of nonviable tissue. The maximum average ice ball diameter as measured by ultrasound was 33.2 mm (range 29.1-35.4 mm). The average maximum diameter of nonviable tissue region was 24 mm (range 21.4-28.4 mm), with depth of tissue destruction ranging from 6 to 12 mm.


CONCLUSIONS
Cryosurgery at temperatures below -90 inverted exclamation mark C achieves excellent destruction of uterine tissue and complete destruction of endometrium. Ultrasound can be used to monitor freezing.
Dobak
J D
JD
Cryogen Incorporated, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Willems
J
J
D004396:Coloring Agents; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
D004396:Coloring Agents