title: Power Doppler sonography: evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment with transarterial embolization or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare tumor detectability by assessing the vascularity on power and color Doppler sonography and CT after transarterial embolization or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy or both in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma (size, 28 +/- 7 mm [mean +/- standard deviation]; range, 20-40 mm) in 38 patients were treated with transarterial embolization (n = 6), percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (n = 23), and transarterial embolization plus percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (n = 9). Power Doppler sonography, color Doppler sonography, and CT were performed before and 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the treatments. The existence of hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed by positive findings for color signals on both Doppler sonography techniques and for tumor stains on CT. All the tumors were determined to be malignant by microscopic examination of biopsy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the treatments, power Doppler sonography (100%) and CT (100%) were significantly more effective than color Doppler sonography (61.7%) (p < 0.001, for both). Six months after the treatments, the sensitivity of power Doppler sonography (87.5%) was significantly better than that of color Doppler sonography (12.5%) but was not significant in comparison with CT (66.6%). However, power Doppler sonography detected color signals in two of three tumors in which iodized oil was accumulated and no tumor stain appeared on CT, and the two lesions detected with power Doppler sonography were carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Power Doppler sonography can be considered the most sensitive technique in assessing the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial embolization or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy or both.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namieno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichimura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Syonai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hareyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuramaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol