title: Hprt mutant frequency and molecular analysis of Hprt mutations in rats treated with mutagenic carcinogens.
abstract: Much of the progress in the field of cancer research has come from the increased understanding of the molecular events associated with the initiation and accumulation of mutational events associated with carcinogenesis. Genetic toxicologists have developed a number of in vitro and in vivo non-mammalian and mammalian systems to predict those genetic events required to induce the cancer process. Several model rodent systems have been proposed that have the ability to detect and quantify in vivo somatic mutation in endogenous genes and transgenes and relate the nature of the mutation to the specific type of chemical damage. One such system, the rat lymphocyte hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) assay is described in this review. Data are presented that describe mutant induction and mutational spectra in N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), 7,12-dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene (DMBA) and thiotepa (TEPA) treated rats.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer for Toxicological Research, Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. dcasciano@nctr.fda.gov
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Casciano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aidoo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mittelstaedt
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Manjanatha
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Heflich
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009154:Mutation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013852:Thiotepa / Q000633:toxicity; D013721:Triethylenephosphoramide / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009153:Mutagens; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D013852:Thiotepa; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; D013721:Triethylenephosphoramide; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea