title: The effect on serum lipids and oxidized low-density lipoprotein of supplementing self-selected low-fat diets with soluble-fiber, soy, and vegetable protein foods.
abstract: An increased intake of soluble fiber and soy protein may improve the blood lipid profile. To assess any additional benefit on serum lipids of providing soy protein and soluble-fiber foods to hyperlipidemic subjects already consuming low-fat, low-cholesterol therapeutic diets, 20 hyperlipidemic men and postmenopausal women completed 8-week test and control dietary treatments in a randomized crossover design as part of an ad libitum National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) step 2 therapeutic diet (<7% saturated fat and <200 mg/d cholesterol). During the test phase, foods high in soy, other vegetable proteins, and soluble fiber were provided. During the control phase, low-fat dairy and low-soluble-fiber foods were provided. Fasting blood lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured at 4 and 8 weeks of each phase. On the test diet, 12 +/- 2 g/d soy protein was selected from the foods chosen. Direct comparison of test and control treatments indicated an elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration on the test diet (6.4% +/- 2.4%, P = .013) and a significantly reduced total to HDL cholesterol ratio (-5.9% +/- 2.3%, P = .020). The proportion of conjugated dienes in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fraction was significantly reduced (8.5% +/- 3.3%, P = .020) as a marker of oxidized LDL. A combination of acceptable amounts of soy, vegetable protein, and soluble-fiber foods as part of a conventional low-fat, low-cholesterol therapeutic diet is effective in further reducing serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vidgen
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Mehling
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seyler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garsetti
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cunnane
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Connelly
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Leiter
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vuksan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Josse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D002784:Cholesterol