title: Immunization status of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers in two Texas cities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children are at risk of acquiring infectious diseases, they should be immunized.
  
  
  METHODS
  We abstracted charts at pediatric HIV clinics in Dallas and San Antonio, matched the children to birth certificates and assessed up-to-date immunization status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 178 children, 108 (61%) were up to date for the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), polio, and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) series. In multivariate analysis, predictors of delayed immunization included maternal high-risk sexual partners and infant antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this population of children born to HIV-infected mothers, immunizations were up to date in 61%, a figure that exceeds or equals immunization levels for other Texas children. Texas falls short of the recommended goal of 90% immunization for children of HIV-infected mothers and healthy children.
authors.affiliation: Texas Department of Health, Austin, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burkham
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Squires
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hamaker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pelosi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Graper
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Caldwell
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012411:Rubella Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013781:Texas; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated; D012411:Rubella Vaccine; D017778:Vaccines, Combined