title: Negative pressure ventilation as haemodynamic rescue following surgery for congenital heart disease.
abstract: A low cardiac output state is an important cause of morbidity and mortality following repair of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). This is often refractory to conventional measures. The cardiac output of these patients is highly dependent on diastolic pulmonary arterial flow which is enhanced during spontaneous respiration, but much reduced by intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). We report the successful use of negative pressure ventilation (NPV) as haemodynamic therapy in three children with a low output secondary to restrictive right ventricular (RV) physiology following ToF repair. NPV produced a significant haemodynamic improvement, with increases in cardiac output of greater than 100 % in two of the children. By augmenting pulmonary blood flow, and hence cardiac output, NPV has a role as adjunctive haemodynamic therapy in patients with a low output secondary to diastolic RV dysfunction, in whom early extubation is not possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Shekerdemian
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schulze-Neick
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Redington
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Penny
mesh_terms: D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000601:surgery*; D015919:Ventilators, Negative-Pressure