Inhibition of histamine or allergen-induced wheals by a single dose of acrivastine, fexofenadine or cetirizine.
Certirizine, a potent H1-blocking agent, is often recommended as an emergency drug in anaphylactic reactions because of its well documented fast onset of action. In this randomized, cross-over study we compared the onset of action after a single dose of two recently introduced antihistamines, acrivastine and fexofenadine, with that of cetirizine. The inhibition of the wheal-and-flare reaction produced by skin prick test with histamine in 20 healthy volunteers and with a relevant pollen allergen in 20 atopic patients, respectively, were measured before and at regular intervals up to 60 min after the ingestion of acrivastine (8 mg and 16 mg), fexofenadine (120 mg) and cetirizine (10 mg and 20 mg). Wheal-and-flare reaction were significantly inhibited 20 min after the intake of 16 mg acrivastine in atopic patients and 30 min after intake of 8 mg acrivastine in healthy volunteers, whereas cetirizine produced a significant inhibition of the wheal-and-flare reaction within 40-60 min. No significant inhibition could be observed within 60 min after fexofenadine intake. Therefore, in clinical settings when a fast onset of the H1-blocking action is mandatory (e.g., after insect stings or for short-term prophylaxis) we recommend acrivastine.
Ballmer-Weber
B K
BK
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Switzerland.
Gex-Collet
C
C
Wüthrich
B
B
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017332:Cetirizine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006632:Histamine / Q000276:immunology*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D012882:Skin Tests; D016593:Terfenadine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014311:Triprolidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000485:Allergens; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D014311:Triprolidine; D016593:Terfenadine; D006632:Histamine; C043648:acrivastine; C093230:fexofenadine; D017332:Cetirizine