title: Neurotrophin-3 reverses nerve conduction velocity deficits in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
abstract: The ability of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) to reverse established nerve disorders was investigated in the peripheral neuraxis of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Sciatic sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity deficits established after 2 months of diabetes were completely normalized by one further month of treatment with either NT-3 or insulin. None of these conduction velocity changes were associated with altered mean axonal caliber in the sciatic nerve. In the dorsal and ventral roots, mean axonal caliber was significantly decreased after 8 weeks of diabetes (both P < 0.05). Subsequently, one month of insulin, but not NT-3, treatment increased mean axonal caliber to age-matched control values. NT-3 treatment was also without effect on the significant (both P < 0.05) decrease in phosphorylated heavy neurofilament (NFH) subunits seen in dorsal and ventral roots of 12 week diabetic rats. In the sural nerve, diabetes attenuated a maturation-associated increase in mean axonal caliber over the first 8 weeks of diabetes, and induced atrophy between weeks 8 and 12 that was ameliorated by both NT-3 and insulin treatment. Reductions in sural nerve axonal caliber were associated with a tendency for elevation of both phosphorylated NFH levels in large fibers and the ratio of phosphorylated to nonphosphorylated NFH that was attenuated by NT-3. These data demonstrate that NT-3 corrects established sciatic nerve conduction deficits in diabetic rats in a manner independent of changes in axonal caliber in this nerve. Further, although NT-3 was without effect on decreases in axonal caliber and NFH subunit phosphorylation in the spinal roots, reversal of axonal caliber deficits in peripheral nerves of sensory fibers may involve NT-3-mediated normalization of aberrant neurofilament phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0612, USA. amizisin@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mizisin
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Calcutt
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernyhough
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020933:Neurotrophin 3 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D013497:Sural Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D020933:Neurotrophin 3