title: Small amount of low-residue diet with parenteral nutrition can prevent decreases in intestinal mucosal integrity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the suitable combination ratio of low-residue diet (LRD) and parenteral nutrition (PN) for nutritional support of surgical patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Bacterial translocation (BT) is a severe complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, it is sometimes impossible to supply sufficient amounts of nutrients to surgical patients by the enteral route. The authors reported previously that concomitant use of LRD with PN provided preferable nutritional support for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety male Donryu rats were used for three experiments. In experiment 1, rats were divided into two groups to receive TPN or total enteral nutrition with LRD. In experiment 2, rats were divided into six groups, receiving variable amounts of LRD. In experiment 3, rats were divided into five groups to receive isocaloric nutritional support with variable proportions of PN and LRD. Intestinal permeability was assessed by monitoring urinary excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein. BT was assessed in tissue cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In experiment 1, increases in intestinal permeability and BT were observed in rats maintained on 7-day TPN, but not in those maintained on total enteral nutrition for up to 14 days. In experiment 2, the changes in body weight of rats were correlated with the dose of LRD. However, the intestinal permeability was increased only in rats receiving LRD at 15 kcal/kg per day. In experiment 3, additive LRD corresponding to 15% of total caloric intake prevented increases in intestinal permeability and BT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined nutritional therapy consisting of PN and small amounts of LRD can provide better nutritional support than TPN for surgical patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery 1, Kanazawa University Faculty of Medicine School of Medicine, Takaramachi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kanehira
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005526:Food, Formulated; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains