title: Experiences with cranial neuronavigation in pediatric neurosurgery.
abstract: Frameless, infrared-based neuronavigation (Surgical Microscope Navigator and Surgical Tool Navigator) was applied to intracranial neurosurgery in 22 children and infants (age range 7 months to 16 years). Predominant diagnoses were tumor and hydrocephalus (including multiloculated forms); the surgical procedures were open microneurosurgery in 10 cases and neuroendoscopy in 12 patients. There were no principal technical problems even in very young infants. Surgical and clinical results were satisfying in all cases. Neuronavigation proved to be particularly helpful in targeting deep-seated processes and in guiding neuroendoscopy in cases of multiloculated hydrocephalus or small ventricles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Greifswald, Germany. wagnerw@mail.uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gaab
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sehl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tschiltschke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques