title: The roles of the cyclo-oxygenases types one and two in prostaglandin synthesis in human fetal membranes at term.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) types 1 and 2 to prostaglandin synthesis at term.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetal membranes were collected from 6 pregnancies after elective caesarean section at term, prior to labour. The presence of COX-1 and COX-2 protein was determined using Western analysis. The relative contributions of the two isoforms of COX to prostaglandin synthesis were determined by incubation of fetal membrane discs with either a COX-2 selective inhibitor, SC236, or a COX-1 selective inhibitor, SC560, and measurement of prostaglandin release during 24 h using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both COX-1 and COX-2 protein were demonstrated in amnion and chorion-decidua. The COX-2 selective inhibitor, SC-236, significantly reduced prostaglandin synthesis, both in its COX-2 specific and higher, non-specific concentration ranges. The COX-1 selective inhibitor, SC-560, had no effect upon prostaglandin synthesis in its COX-1 specific concentration range, but did significantly reduce prostaglandin synthesis at higher, non-selective concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal membranes contain both COX-1 and COX-2 at term, but only COX-2 contributes towards prostaglandin synthesis. COX-2 selective NSAI drugs will be as effective as non-selective agents in inhibition of fetal membrane prostaglandin synthesis and may represent a new strategy for tocolysis.
authors.affiliation: Parturition Research Group, Imperial College School of Medicine, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Goldhawk Road, London, W6 0XG, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sawdy
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Dennes
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011247:Pregnancy; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
chemical_list: D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; C119130:4-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides; C115461:SC 560; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human