title: Bleomycin-induced DNA damage and DNA repair in chicken embryo cells as compared to X-irradiation.
abstract: Following in vitro- and in ovo-exposure of chicken embryo cells, the level of bleomycin (BM)-induced damage was evaluated by using DNA synthesis, nucleoid sedimentation (SED), and viscometry of alkaline cell lysates (VISC). This damage was compared to X-irradiation, using 5.9-378 nM BM in vitro, 1.5-116 micrograms BM/egg in ovo, and 2-32 Gy, respectively, in vitro as well as in ovo. With respect to BM, the most notable result is the increase in DNA synthesis and VISC at the lowest concentrations of the drug. A decrease in both parameters was observed at high BM concentrations and following exposure to X-rays, concomitantly with an increase in SED. Regarding the radiomimetic drug BM and X-rays, different modes of DNA damage and DNA repair are suggested by previous investigations and the present results. Therefore, further evidence is presented, that the chicken embryo can act as a simple, rapid and inexpensive test system to characterize the biological effects of many nucleo- and/or cytotoxic agents.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Universität München.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tempel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kortenbeutel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Zallinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000633:toxicity*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D004247:DNA