title: 2-Chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine induces apoptosis through the Fas/Fas ligand pathway in human leukemia cell line MOLT-4.
abstract: The mechanism of apoptosis induced by 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2CdA) in human leukemia cell line MOLT-4 was investigated. 2CdA induced increases of 3'-OH ends of genomic DNA, ladder-like DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine translocation to the outer membrane, which are apoptotic characteristics. These apoptotic phenomena induced by 2CdA were inhibited by cycloheximide (CHX; a protein synthesis inhibitor), deoxycytidine (dC; a substrate of deoxycytidine kinase), acetyl Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp aldehyde (Ac-IETD-CHO; a caspase-8 inhibitor) and acetyl Asp-Glu-Val-Asp aldehyde (Ac-DEVD-CHO; a caspase-3 inhibitor). The protein synthesis-dependent expression of Fas and Fas ligand (Fas-L) was detected by treatment with 2CdA. The proteolytic processing of procaspases-8 and -3 to produce active fragments, caspases-8 (p18) and -3 (p17), respectively, was observed after treatment with 2CdA, and suppressed by cycloheximide. Increases in the activities of caspases-8 and -3 were observed after 2CdA treatment. Their activation was also dependent on protein synthesis. These results indicated that 2CdA-induced apoptosis was triggered by phosphorylation of 2CdA followed by the protein synthesis-dependent expression of Fas and Fas-L and activation of caspases-8 and -3.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Inanami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017338:Cladribine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005470:Fluorometry; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009842:Oligopeptides; C099158:acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal; C401206:acetyl-isoleucyl-glutamyl-threonyl-aspartyl-aldehyde; D019014:fas Receptor; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D017338:Cladribine; D003513:Cycloheximide; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases