title: The unseen face of humanitarian crisis in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: was nutritional relief properly targeted?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparison of children's nutritional status in refugee populations with that of local host populations, one year after outbreak refugee crisis in the North Kivu region of Democratic Republic of Congo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temporary and other settlements, in the town of Goma and surrounding rural areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric indicators of nutritional status and presence or absence of oedema were measured among 5121 children aged 6 to 59 months recruited by cluster sampling with probability proportional to size, between June and August 1995.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in all locations demonstrated a typical pattern of growth deficit relative to international reference. Prevalence of acute malnutrition (wt/ht < -2 Z score) was higher among children in the rural non-refugee populations (3.8 and 5.8%) than among those in the urban non-refugee populations (1.4%) or in the refugee population living in temporary settlements (1.7%). Presence of oedema was scarcely noticed in camps (0.4%) while it was a common observation at least in the most remote rural areas (10.1%). As compared with baseline data collected in 1989, there is evidence that nutritional status was worsening in rural non-refugee populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children living in the main town or in the refugee camps benefited the most from nutritional relief while those in the rural non-refugee areas were ignored. This is a worrying case of inequity in nutritional relief.
authors.affiliation: Scientific and Medical Centre, Free University of Brussels (ULB), Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Porignon
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Katulanya
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Elongo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ntalemwa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tonglet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dramaix
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hennart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000592:standards*; D015995:Prevalence; D012036:Refugees; D012423:Rural Health