title: Catheter-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor gene transfer to human coronary arteries after angioplasty.
abstract: Blood vessels are among the easiest targets for gene therapy. However, no data are available about the safety and feasibility of intracoronary gene transfer in humans. We studied the safety and efficacy of catheter-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmid/liposome (P/L) gene transfer in human coronary arteries after percutaneous translumenal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The optimized angioplasty/gene delivery method was previously shown to lead to detectable VEGF gene expression in human peripheral arteries as analyzed from amputated leg samples. Gene transfer to coronary arteries was done with a perfusion-infusion catheter, using 1000 microg of VEGF or beta-galactosidase plasmid complexed with 1000 microl of DOTMA:DOPE liposomes. Ten patients received VEGF P/L, three patients received beta-galactosidase P/L, and two patients received Ringer lactate. Gene transfer to coronary arteries was feasible and well tolerated. Except for a slight increase in serum C-reative protein in all study groups, no adverse effects or abnormalities in laboratory parameters were detected. No VEGF plasmid or recombinant VEGF protein was present in the systemic circulation after the gene transfer. In control angiography 6 months later, no differences were detected in the degree of coronary stenosis between treatment and control groups. We conclude that catheter-mediated intracoronary gene transfer performed after angioplasty is safe and well tolerated and potentially applicable for the prevention of restenosis and myocardial ischemia.
authors.affiliation: A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartikainen
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Hiltunen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eränen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiviniemi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Närvänen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Manninen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Syvänne
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ylä-Herttuala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D001158:Arteries / Q000378:metabolism; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000235:genetics; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000628:therapy*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008081:Liposomes; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors