title: Pantomography vs mandibular series for the detection of mandibular fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The two primary radiographic techniques used for the evaluation of mandible injury are a pantomographic series (PS) and the standard four-view mandibular series (MS). Despite a tenuous foundation, there is apparent bias in favor of PS compared with MS. Many emergency departments do not have ready access to the specialized equipment necessary to perform a pantomographic study. The hypothesis of this study was that a high-quality standard MS is as sensitive and specific as a PS in the detection of mandibular fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, blinded study of 54 patients presenting with acute mandibular injury comparing MS and PS. The study design used two board-certified emergency physicians and a single staff radiologist who read a series of MS and PS films in a randomized fashion without access to clinical information or identifying patient data. The absolute number of fractures present was determined by a neuroradiologist with access to both MS and PS simultaneously as well as pertinent clinical information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients had 47 mandibular fractures. The sensitivity for fracture detection for each physician was 0.85, 0.77, and 0.89 with MS and 0.79, 0.74, and 0.83 with PS (p > or = 0.51, p > or = 1.00, and p > or = 0.51, respectively, McNemar's binomial test). The specificity for fracture detection for each physician was 0.88, 0.92, and 0.96 for MS and 0.96, 1.00, and 0.92 for PS (p > 0.625, p > 0.50, and p = 1.00, respectively, McNemar's binomial test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A standard mandibular series is as sensitive and specific as pantomography in the detection of mandibular fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92103-8676, USA. dguss@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Guss
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taub
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008338:Mandibular Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010820:Physicians; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods*; D011871:Radiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity