title: Essential role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in leptin-induced K(ATP) channel activation in the rat CRI-G1 insulinoma cell line.
abstract: The mechanism by which leptin increases ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel activity was investigated using the insulin-secreting cell line, CRI-G1. Wortmannin and LY 294002, inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), prevented activation of K(ATP) channels by leptin. The inositol phospholipids phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) mimicked the effect of leptin by increasing K(ATP) channel activity in whole-cell and inside-out current recordings. LY 294002 prevented phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, but not PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3), from increasing K(ATP) channel activity, consistent with the latter lipid acting as a membrane-associated messenger linking leptin receptor activation and K(ATP) channels. Signaling cascades, activated downstream from PI 3-kinase, utilizing PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) as a second messenger and commonly associated with insulin and cytokine action (MAPK, p70 ribosomal protein-S6 kinase, stress-activated protein kinase 2, p38 MAPK, and protein kinase B), do not appear to be involved in leptin-mediated activation of K(ATP) channels in this cell line. Although PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) appears a plausible and attractive candidate for the messenger that couples K(ATP) channels to leptin receptor activation, direct measurement of PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) demonstrated that insulin, but not leptin, increased global cellular levels of PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3). Possible mechanisms to explain the involvement of PI 3-kinases in K(ATP) channel regulation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Centre for Energy Regulation and Obesity, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van der Kaay
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Downes
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ashford
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000503:physiopathology; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000502:physiology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D015221:Potassium Channels; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases