title: Very early diagnosis and risk stratification of patients admitted with suspected acute myocardial infarction by the combined evaluation of a single serum value of cardiac troponin-T, myoglobin, and creatine kinase MB(mass)
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The diagnostic and prognostic capacity of biochemical markers of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department were evaluated in consecutive patients (n=155) with suspected acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum myoglobin >/=110 microg. l(-1)and creatine kinase MB(mass)>/=5 microg. l(-1)had a high accuracy (0.77-0.85) (ns) for acute myocardial infarction diagnosis in patients presenting >2 h after symptom onset. Troponin-T (>/=0.10 microg. l(-1)) had a lower accuracy (0.53-0.70) for acute myocardial infarction diagnosis, but was the most important 1-year prognostic marker (cardiac death or non-fatal acute myocardial infarction). In patients without ST elevation, combined analysis of two biochemical tests would accurately identify an additional 20% of acute myocardial infarction patients (predictive value of a positive test=0.82) and also identify those without acute myocardial infarction (predictive value of a negative test=0.80). One-year event-free survival was excellent (96%) for patients with two negative biochemical tests, intermediate (74%) for those with discordant tests, and only 53% for patients with two positive biochemical tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis of biochemical tests in the emergency department prior to hospital admission could accurately identify approximately 20% additional acute myocardial infarction patients. The prognosis of these patients is poor, and they may be a target for primary PTCA or new early initiated aggressive medical therapies.
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center, H:S Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jurlander
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clemmensen
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grande
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009211:Myoglobin; D020107:Troponin T; D003402:Creatine Kinase