title: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype surveillance of African-born persons at risk for group O and group N HIV infections in the United States.
abstract: A population-based surveillance registry was used to identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons in the United States at increased risk for group O and group N infections (those born in or near African countries where group O infection has been reported). Of 155 eligible subjects, 37 gave samples. By phylogenetic and serologic analysis, 32 were infected with group M (16 with subtype A, 5 with B, 7 with C, and 1 each with subtypes D, F2, G, and recombinant A/J) and 2 with group O but none with group N virus. For 3, samples could not be typed by serology or amplified by polymerase chain reaction using group M-, O-, or N-specific primers. In the United States, group O HIV infection is uncommon; no case of group N infection was found. African-born persons may have HIV strains typical of their birth country. Ongoing subtype surveillance may allow early identification of novel or emerging HIV strains.
authors.affiliation: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. pss0@cdc.gov
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ellenberger
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pau
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalish
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Storck
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schable
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wise
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tetteh
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41