title: Photofrin photodynamic therapy can significantly deplete or preserve oxygenation in human basal cell carcinomas during treatment, depending on fluence rate.
abstract: At high fluence rates in animal models, photodynamic therapy (PDT) can photochemically deplete ambient tumor oxygen through the generation of singlet oxygen, causing acute hypoxia and limiting treatment effectiveness. We report that standard clinical treatment conditions (1 mg/kg Photofrin, light at 630 nm and 150 mW/cm2), which are highly effective for treating human basal cell carcinomas, significantly diminished tumor oxygen levels during initial light delivery in a majority of carcinomas. Oxygen depletion could be found during at least 40% of the total light dose, but tumors appeared well oxygenated toward the end of treatment. In contrast, initial light delivery at a lower fluence rate of 30 mW/cm2 increased tumor oxygenation in a majority of carcinomas. Laser treatment caused an intensity- and treatment time-dependent increase in tumor temperature. The data suggest that high fluence rate treatment, although effective, may be inefficient.
authors.affiliation: Photodynamic Therapy Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Frawley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Babich
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zollo
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dee
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bellnier
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Oseroff
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006414:Hematoporphyrin Photoradiation; D006801:Humans; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether; D010100:Oxygen