title: Pulmonary-specific expression of SP-D corrects pulmonary lipid accumulation in SP-D gene-targeted mice.
abstract: Targeted disruption of the surfactant protein (SP) D (SP-D) gene caused a marked pulmonary lipoidosis characterized by increased alveolar lung phospholipids, demonstrating a previously unexpected role for SP-D in surfactant homeostasis. In the present study, we tested whether the local production of SP-D in the lung influenced surfactant content in SP-D-deficient [SP-D(-/-)] and SP-D wild-type [SP-D(+/+)] mice. Rat SP-D (rSP-D) was expressed under control of the human SP-C promoter, producing rSP-D, SP-D(+/+) transgenic mice. SP-D content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was increased 30- to 50-fold in the rSP-D, SP-D(+/+) mice compared with the SP-D(+/+) parental strain. Lung morphology, phospholipid content, and surfactant protein mRNAs were unaltered by the increased concentration of SP-D. Likewise, the production of endogenous mouse SP-D mRNA was not perturbed by the SP-D transgene. rSP-D, SP-D(+/+) mice were bred to SP-D(-/-) mice to assess whether lung-selective expression of SP-D might correct lipid homeostasis abnormalities in the SP-D(-/-) mice. Selective expression of SP-D in the respiratory epithelium had no adverse effects on lung function, correcting surfactant phospholipid content and decreasing phosphatidylcholine incorporation significantly. SP-D regulates surfactant lipid homeostasis, functioning locally to inhibit surfactant phospholipid incorporation in the lung parenchyma and maintaining alveolar phospholipid content in the alveolus. Marked increases in biologically active tissue and alveolar SP-D do not alter lung morphology, macrophage abundance or structure, or surfactant accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA. Jfisher@DHHA.org
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sheftelyevich
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fligiel
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: McCormack
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Korfhagen
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whitsett
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikegami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019076:Transgenes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins