title: The personal experience of pregnancy for African-American women.
abstract: This study describes the personal experiences of pregnancy for African-American women. Data were obtained from two group interviews with four African-American nurse-midwives who had experienced pregnancy and had extensive professional experience in the provision of health care services to pregnant African Americans. Three major themes were constructed from the interview narratives. The first concerned the experience of pregnancy as a transition experience from childhood to adulthood and from womanhood to motherhood, involving heightened senses of maturity, self-esteem, and intimacy. The second identified stresses experienced by African-American women, including the lack of material resources and emotional support. The last theme concerned the provision of effective support in pregnancy. The significance of interpersonal relationships with the pregnant women's mothers, other significant women, and their partners was described. Implications for practice included suggestions for the provision of effective emotional support from health care professionals such as attentive listening and the elimination of environmental factors that communicate lowered personal value.
authors.affiliation: San Jose State University, USA. mannsull@aol.com
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Abercrombie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeJoseph
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Norbeck
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009721:Nurse Midwives / Q000523:psychology*; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012495:San Francisco; D012944:Social Support; D016746:Transcultural Nursing