title: Antimicrobial activity of synthetic salivary peptides against voice prosthetic microorganisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether synthetic salivary antimicrobial peptides have an inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria and yeasts isolated from used silicone rubber voice prostheses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antimicrobial activities of six synthetic salivary peptides (histatin 5, dhvarl, dhvar4, dhvar5, lactoferrin b 1730 [LFb 17-30], and cystatin S1-15) at concentrations of 2 and 4 mg/mL were determined against different oropharyngeal yeast (four) and bacterial (eight) strains and against a "total microflora" isolated from explanted voice prostheses using agar diffusion tests. The spectrum of susceptible microorganisms was determined qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histatin 5 and cystatin S1-15 did not show any antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms involved in this study. Dhvar1 was active against some of the oropharyngeal microorganisms tested, including the yeast strains, but not against Rothia dentocariosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and the total microflora Dhvar4 was active against all microorganisms tested, including the total microflora. Dhvar5 lacked activity against E coli and the total microflora LFb 1730 did not inhibit the growth of any of the yeast strains involved and showed only minor activity against some of the bacterial strains. LFb 1730 slightly inhibited the growth of the total microflora from an explanted prosthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The synthetic salivary peptide dhvar4 has a broad antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms that are commonly isolated from explanted voice prostheses, including yeasts. Therewith, it may represent a useful drug, as an alternative for antibiotics and antimycotics employed in various ways to prolong the lifetime of voice prostheses in laryngectomees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Elving
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: van der Mei
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Busscher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Nieuw Amerongen
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Veerman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Weissenbruch
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Albers
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D015891:Cystatins; D054808:Histatins; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007831:Larynx, Artificial / Q000382:microbiology*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015891:Cystatins; C068075:HTN3 protein, human; D054808:Histatins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D007781:Lactoferrin