title: A new approach to improving illumination in the nose during endonasal surgery.
abstract: Despite improvements in light sources the problem of illumination during endonasal surgery persists. This is particularly so in the presence of blood which absorbs light and renders the operative field dark as a consequence. This paper describes a series of in vitro experiments that show how improved illumination is possible using readily available, inexpensive, sterilisable and flexible materials. The hypothesis tested was that white coloured materials, when placed into the nasal cavity during endonasal surgery, improve illumination of the operative field by reflecting light onto the area of surgical interest. This hypothesis was tested with the use of a light proof box into which were introduced blood coloured and reflective materials. The light reflected back from a fixed blood coloured surface within the box was measured. The introduction of white materials into the box provided greater illumination than blue or foil surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom. roro@dircon.co.uk
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Browning
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Whittet
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures