title: [Developments in cell therapy in the year 2000].
abstract: For the past thirty years, hematology has switched from the concept of bone marrow transplantation to the concept of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, from allograft to autograft, from non-manipulated graft to hyper-selection, from hematopoietic cellular therapy to immunotherapy. Indications of these transplantations are now more clear for malignant diseases and are ongoing for auto-immune diseases. A better knowledge of the HSC allows the control of their proliferation and differentiation, opening the field of ex vivo expansion. Very recently, new stem cells have been identified, establishing that a differentiated cell retain its totipotency: a nervous system cell can differentiate into HSC, which will further give hematopoiesis, mesenchymental cells or hepatocytes. New tools are under development: human ES cells, biomaterials, functionalized materials, opening the field of cellular engineering in the year 2000.
authors.affiliation: Service d'hématologie biologique, Hôpital d'enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Douay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000637:transplantation; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D005544:Forecasting; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012449:Safety; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology