title: Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a cytogenetically balanced but clonal disease.
abstract: Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition, characterized by the occurrence of multiple smooth-muscle nodules, most often located in the lung after previous hysterectomy because of histologically benign appearing leiomyoma. Although the condition resembles a metastatic process, case studies provided evidence that it may be the result of an intravenous leiomyomatosis or an independent and multifocal smooth-muscle proliferation. Comparative genomic hybridization and X-chromosome inactivation analysis were used in a case of BML to determine whether pulmonary and uterine tumors are related one to another. A balanced karyotype, previously reported in leiomyomas and an identical X-chromosome inactivation pattern found in all tumorlets, is most consistent with a monoclonal origin of both uterine and pulmonary tumors and the interpretation that pulmonary lesions are metastatic.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Department of Internal Medicine, Aachen University of Technology, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tietze
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hörbe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pawlik
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klosterhalfen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Handt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merkelbach-Bruse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics