title: Interleukin-1 genotypes and the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease.
abstract: An epidemiological association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease has been reported in multiple studies. Various mechanisms have been proposed as potential explanations for this association, including a common factor that predisposes certain individuals to a hyper-responsive inflammatory response. Variations in the genes that regulate the interleukin-1 (IL-1) response have been associated with both periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. New data indicate that one pattern of IL-1 genetic polymorphisms, characterized by the IL-1A (+4845) and IL-1B (+3954) markers, is associated with periodontitis but not certain measures of atherosclerosis. Another IL-1 genetic pattern, characterized by the IL-1B (-511) and IL-1RN (+2018) markers, is associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation, as measured by angiography and arterial wall thickness, but not periodontitis. These two patterns also have different functional implications relative to IL-1 biological activity. Studies of IL-1 gene polymorphisms, atherosclerotic plaque instability and cardiovascular clinical events are in progress. Hypothetical models are presented to explain how IL-1 genetic factors may be involved in cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Interleukin Genetics, Inc., San Antonio, Texas, USA. info@ilgenetics.com
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kornman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pankow
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Offenbacher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: di Giovine
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Duff
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D007375:Interleukin-1