title: Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin trihydrate in Desert sheep and Nubian goats.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin were studied in five Desert sheep and five Nubian goats after intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration of a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. Following i.v. injection, the plasma concentration-versus-time data were best described by a two-compartment open model. The kinetic variables were similar in both species except for the volume of the central compartment (Vc), which was larger in sheep (p<0.05). Following i.m. injection, except for the longer half-life time of absorption in goats (p<0.05), there were no significant differences in other pharmacokinetic parameters between sheep and goats. The route of amoxicillin administration had no significant effect on the terminal elimination half-life in either species. The bioavailability of the drug (F) after i.m. administration was high (> 0.90) in both species. These results indicate that the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin did not differ between sheep and goats; furthermore, because of the high availability and short half-life of absorption, the i.m. route gives similar results to the i.v. route. Therefore, identical intramuscular and intravenous dose regimens should be applicable to both species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid. elsheikh59@yahoo.com
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Elsheikh
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Khalafalla
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Wasfi
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D006041:Goats / Q000378:metabolism*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins; D000658:Amoxicillin