title: Long-term exercise and its effect on balance in older, osteoarthritic adults: results from the Fitness, Arthritis, and Seniors Trial (FAST).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of 18-month aerobic walking and strength training programs on static postural stability among older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, single-blind, clinical trial of therapeutic exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both center-based (university) and home-based.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 103 older adults (age = 60 years) with knee osteoarthritis who were participants in a large (n = 439) clinical trial and who were randomly assigned to undergo biomechanical testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 18-month center- (3 months) and home-based (15 months) therapeutic exercise program. The subjects were randomized to one of three treatment arms: (1) aerobic walking; (2) health education control; or (3) weight training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Force platform static balance measures of average length (Rm) of the center of pressure (COP), average velocity (Vel) of the COP, elliptical area (Ae) of the COP, and balance time (T). Measures were made under four conditions: eyes open, double- and single-leg stances and eyes closed, double- and single-leg stances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the eyes closed, double-leg stance condition, both the aerobic and weight training groups demonstrated significantly better sway measures relative to the health education group. The aerobic group also demonstrated better balance in the eyes open, single-leg stance condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that long-term weight training and aerobic walking programs significantly improve postural sway in older, osteoarthritic adults, thereby decreasing the likelihood of larger postural sway disturbances relative to a control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Messier
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Royer
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Craven
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ettinger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014785:Vision, Ocular; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000502:physiology; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology