title: Establishment and characterization of a prostatic small-cell carcinoma cell line (PSK-1) derived from a patient with Klinefelter syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostatic small-cell carcinoma (SMCC) is an extremely aggressive, rarely occurring tumor, and there has been no previous report of prostatic SMCC in association with Klinefelter syndrome. This study reports on the first such case and the establishment of the first cell line of SMCC from this tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prostatic SMCC tissue was derived from a 29-year-old man with Klinefelter syndrome. Characteristics of the culture tumor cells were evaluated with cell growth in vitro, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) secretion ability, tumorigenicity in nude mice, chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs, and karyotypic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A culture cell line (PSK-1) was successfully established from prostatic SMCC with Klinefelter syndrome. PSK-1 cells had a polygonal epithelioid morphology and demonstrated loss of contact inhibition. These cells secreted NSE into the culture supernatant. Tumors produced in nude mice were histologically similar to the original SMCC. In a chemosensitivity test, PSK-1 cells were found to be sensitive in vitro to cisplatin, etoposide, and doxorubicin, but resistant to dacarbazine and 5-fluorouracil. Cytogenetic analysis showed that the PSK-1 cells at passage 35 revealed 76-84 chromosomes, with a mode of 82 chromosomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PSK-1 cells could represent some properties of the original tumor cells, and could be used in studies on the etiology and treatment of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. cj-kim@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kushima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005047:Etoposide; D003606:Dacarbazine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil