title: Evaluation of soy phytoestrogens for the treatment of hot flashes in breast cancer survivors: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hot flashes represent a significant clinical problem for some breast cancer survivors. Safe, effective treatment is needed for this prominent clinical problem. Although it has been shown that estrogen or progesterone replacement therapy can alleviate this problem, there are continued safety concerns regarding the use of hormonal therapies in these women. Based on anecdotal information, we hypothesized that soy-derived phytoestrogens, weak estrogen-like substances in the soybean that demonstrate estrogen agonist and/or antagonist effects when they bind to estrogen receptors, could alleviate hot flashes. This current trial was designed to investigate this hypothesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This double-blind clinical trial involved breast cancer survivors with substantial hot flashes. After randomization, patients underwent a 1-week baseline period with no therapy. This was followed by 4 weeks of either soy tablets or placebo. The patients then crossed over to the opposite arm in a double-blind manner for the last 4 weeks. Patients completed a daily questionnaire documenting hot flash frequency, intensity, and perceived side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 177 women who were randomized and started the study substance, 155 (88%) provided useable data over the first 5 weeks; 149 provided usable data over the entire 9 weeks. There was no suggestion that the soy product was more effective in reducing hot flashes than the placebo. At study completion, patients preferred the soy product 33% of the time, the placebo 37% of the time, and neither substance 31% of the time. No toxicity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The soy product did not alleviate hot flashes in breast cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, USA.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Quella
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Loprinzi
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knost
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: LaVasseur
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Krupp
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Novotny
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones; D008875:Middle Aged; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D007529:Isoflavones; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations