A convenient assay for estimating the possible involvement of efflux of fluoroquinolones by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for diminished moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin efflux.
We developed a simplified assay for estimating efflux by measuring the effect of reserpine on the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus over 7 h. Reserpine enhanced ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin 17 to 68%. The hydrophobic drug trovafloxacin and the drug moxifloxacin, with a bulky C-7 substituent but hydrophilicity similar to that of levofloxacin, showed little (0 to 11%) reserpine-enhancing effect. The ease of resistant mutant strain selection correlated with efflux susceptibility.
Beyer
R
R
Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
Pestova
E
E
Millichap
J J
JJ
Stosor
V
V
Noskin
G A
GA
Peterson
L R
LR
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011804:Quinolines; D012110:Reserpine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D011804:Quinolines; D012110:Reserpine; C080163:trovafloxacin; C061363:sparfloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin