title: Hydro-jet assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: initial experience in a porcine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hemostasis represents a challenge when performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Hydro-Jet cutting is an advanced technology that has been used to create an ultra-coherent water force that functions like a sharp knife. In the surgical field, it has mainly been used for liver surgery and initial clinical experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomies has been favorable. This technique allowed selective parenchymal cutting with preservation of vessels and bile ducts. We describe a novel Hydro-Jet assisted dissection technique for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in a porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten partial nephrectomies were performed in 5 pigs using a Muritz 1000 (Euromed Medizintechnik, A. Pein, Schwerin, Germany) Hydro-Jet generator. A thin stream of ultra coherent fluid is forced at a high velocity through a small nozzle. A modified probe allows both blunt dissection concomitantly with high-pressure water application. Coagulation can be applied via a bipolar thermoapplicator as needed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was successful in all animals. Water-jet cutting through the parenchyma was virtually bloodless and preserved the vasculature and the collecting system. The vessels were then ligated or coagulated under direct vision. The continuous water flow established a bloodless operating field and a clear view for the surgeon. The mean dissection time and warm ischemia time were 45+/-9 and 17+/-3 minutes, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study supports the suitability of this technique for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy to improve hemostasis. The improved anatomical dissection and hemostasis may further decrease morbidity and operative time. Further studies are underway to compare this technique with laser coagulation for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
authors.affiliation: University of Lübeck, Department of Surgery, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shekarriz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shekarriz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bürk
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bruch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013552:Swine