title: Caffeine can affect velocity in the middle cerebral artery during hyperventilation, hypoventilation, and thinking: a transcranial Doppler study.
abstract: This study examined possible caffeine-mediated changes in blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (VMCA) induced by tests of cerebrovascular responsiveness. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography provided simultaneous bilateral VMCA measures while healthy college students hypoventilated, hyperventilated, and performed cognitive activities (short-term remembering, generating an autobiographical image, solving problems), each in 31-second tests. VMCA measures were obtained from the same persons, in separate testing sessions, when they were noncaffeinated and under two levels of caffeine: a smaller amount (from a cola, 45 mg/12 oz) and a larger amount (from coffee, 117 mg/8 oz). Compared with the no-caffeine control condition, a smaller amount of caffeine had no significant effects on global VMCA, but a larger amount suppressed VMCA by 5.8%. Time-course analyses showed that VMCA (1) followed a triphasic pattern to increase over baselines during hypoventilation regardless of caffeine condition, (2) slowed below baselines during hyperventilation (with the degree of slowing attenuated under caffeine), and (3) increased over baselines during all cognitive activities (ranges 3.8-6.9%). It is concluded that a large amount of caffeine can suppress VMCA, and this possibility should be anticipated when TCD is used to assess cerebral hemovelocity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Catawba College, Salisbury, NC 28144, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Perod
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: McKinney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006985:Hyperventilation; D007040:Hypoventilation; D008297:Male; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology*; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine