Kinetics of beta-chemokine levels during anti-HIV therapy.
Chemokines are pro-inflammatory cytokines that inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro. We studied the kinetics of the beta-chemokines, macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, RANTES, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in plasma during 12 months of antiretroviral therapy in 26 HIV-1-infected patients and in 11 untreated subjects. Eleven patients with moderate immunodeficiency had HIV-1 RNA levels < 50 copies/ml after 1 year, whereas 12 out of 15 patients with severe immunodeficiency had detectable virus. At baseline, MCP-1 levels correlated positively with HIV-1 RNA and DNA levels and inversely with CD4 cell counts. A reverse pattern was seen for the MIP-1 beta levels. No correlation was seen between MIP-1 alpha or RANTES and any of the parameters. Also, there was a dichotomy between the different beta-chemokines in response to therapy. Decreases of MCP-1 and RANTES levels were found, but no durable changes of MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta. The MCP-1 levels rebounded back to baseline after 1 year in the patients who responded virologically, which could possibly reflect an increased immune activation. The biological consequences of the changes in beta-chemokines levels during antiretroviral treatment are still unknown and deserve further studies.
Aleman
S
S
Division of Clinical Virology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden. soki@labd01.hs.sll.se
Pehrson
P
P
Sönnerborg
A
A
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral