title: Oral findings in DiGeorge syndrome: clinical features and histologic study of primary teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For the purpose of supplementing the shortage of dental information about DiGeorge syndrome, we report two cases of the syndrome seen in Japanese boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases were compared with respect to orofacial and dental findings; one was a case of complete DiGeorge syndrome and the other a case of partial DiGeorge syndrome. Extracted deciduous teeth from the two boys underwent histologic study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each patient showed systemic developmental delay, hypocalcemia, and slight mental retardation. In the orofacial area, hypertelorism, a short philtrum, thick and reflected lips, and hypoplasia of the nasopharynx were also observed. A dental examination showed delayed formation and eruption of permanent teeth, aplasia of the nasopharynx, and enamel hypoplasia along with enamel hypocalcification. Structural streaks with increased calcification were histologically detected in the deciduous tooth from the patient with complete DiGeorge syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Common characteristic orofacial and dental findings were noted in the two DiGeorge syndrome cases. Furthermore, histologic study of the deciduous tooth from the boy with complete DiGeorge syndrome suggests that there was some relationship between transient relative hypercalcemia and dentinal hypermineralized streaking of the tooth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Special Care Dentistry, Osaka University Faculty of Dentistry, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daikoku
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakisaka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morisaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000209:etiology*; D004062:DiGeorge Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D019066:Facies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology*