title: Long term results after autologous nasal mucosal transplantation in severe mucus deficiency syndromes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Severe mucus deficiency syndromes may require substitution of mucous membrane for re-establishment of the ocular surfaces. The long term results after autologous nasal mucosal transplantation were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  55 eyes of 50 patients with severe mucus deficiency syndromes were followed retrospectively after free autologous nasal mucosal transplantation-group A: patients after severe lye, acid, heat burns, or radiation (n=38 eyes), group B: patients with systemic mucosal disease (n=17 eyes). The results of routine clinical examination were recorded and patients were followed for a median of 37 months. 17 biopsies of transplanted nasal mucosa were studied by light microscopy and 22 patients by impression cytology before and at several intervals after mucosal transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All nasal mucosal grafts healed well and no intraoperative complications occurred. During follow up 107 additional surgical procedures were performed including 16 lamellar and 21 penetrating keratoplasties. Subjective complaints improved in 44/47 patients with preoperative symptoms. Best corrected visual acuity at the end of follow up was increased in 23 eyes, 10 eyes (18. 2%) reached a final visual acuity equal to or greater than 20/200. Histopathologically, all (n=17) biopsies showed vital intraepithelial mucin producing goblet cells in the nasal mucosal graft (median 25 cells/field (400x magnification)). The mean density of goblet cells before transplantation was 48/mm(2) and after nasal mucosal grafting 432/mm(2) measured by impression cytology (p<0. 0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Functional goblet cells persist in autologous nasal mucosa for up to 10 years after transplantation. In patients with severe mucus deficiency syndromes of different origin nasal mucosal transplantation can re-establish the ocular surface, substitute the mucus components of the tear film, improve symptoms of the patients, and facilitate a moderate increase in visual acuity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wenkel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rummelt
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Naumann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009093:Mucus; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014792:Visual Acuity