title: Avoidance in trauma: conscious and unconscious defense, pathology, and health.
abstract: Drawing from our work with children seen following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, this article describes clinical aspects of avoidance in traumatized children and their families. Avoidance in traumatized children and their families seems a final common pathway arising from a number of diverse factors. The importance of particular factors for assessment and treatment is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City 73190-3048, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Whittlesey
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Lindsey
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Speed
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pfefferbaum
mesh_terms: D001362:Avoidance Learning; D001601:Bereavement; D002648:Child; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D005107:Explosions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D009825:Oklahoma; D010552:Personality Assessment; D011613:Psychotherapy; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D014473:Unconscious, Psychology