title: Atherosclerotic plaque burden and CK-MB enzyme elevation after coronary interventions : intravascular ultrasound study of 2256 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevation of serum creatine kinase MB fraction (CK-MB) after percutaneous coronary interventions has been associated with early and late mortality; however, the pathogenesis of CK-MB elevation is still unknown. We hypothesized that CK-MB elevation was related to atherosclerotic plaque burden as assessed by preintervention intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 2256 consecutive patients who underwent intervention of 2780 native coronary lesions and had complete high-quality preintervention IVUS imaging in the era before routine use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Patients were divided into 3 groups: CK-MB within normal range (1675 patients; 2061 lesions); CK-MB elevation 1 to 5 times upper limit of normal (292 patients; 355 lesions); and CK-MB elevation > or = 5 times upper limit of normal (289 patients; 364 lesions). Qualitative angiographic lesion morphology and quantitative analysis were similar among the 3 groups. On preintervention IVUS, progressively more reference segment and lesion site plaque burden and lesion site calcium occurred in the groups with CK-MB elevation. Positive remodeling was more common in lesions with CK-MB elevation. As levels of CK-MB increased, cross-sectional narrowing (percentage plaque burden) increased, both at the reference site (mean cross-sectional narrowing values were 45.1%, <49.3%, and <52.2% for normal CK-MB, 1 to 5 times upper limit of normal, and > or =5 times upper limit of normal groups, respectively; P=0.03) and at the lesion site (81.9%, <85.4%, and <87.1%, respectively; P=0.04). Multivariate analysis indicated that de novo lesions, atheroablative technique, plaque burden at the lesion and reference segments, and final minimal lumen diameter were independent predictors of CK-MB elevation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CK-MB elevation correlates with a greater atherosclerotic plaque burden. CK-MB elevation after intervention may be a marker of diffuse atherosclerotic disease or a consequence of catheter-based intervention in more diseased arteries or both.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York and the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dangas
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lansky
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pichard
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Satler
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Leon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D003402:Creatine Kinase