title: Evaluation of the Greenland AMAP programme 1994-1995, by use of power analysis (illustrated by selected heavy metals and POPs).
abstract: The levels of PCBs, HCB, HCHs, DDTs, Cd, Pb, Hg and Se, and especially the variability in biota obtained during Phase 1 of the Greenland AMAP-programme have been used to illustrate the ability of the programme to detect differences in contaminant levels over time. The statistical power of t-tests of contaminant levels are illustrated according to various scenarios of magnitude of change, significance level and sample size. The statistical power of various time series of contaminant levels to detect linear trends in mean log-concentrations, including a random between-year variation component, is illustrated. We conclude that the ability to detect differences is rather poor for many combinations of contaminants and media, and that long time series are needed before temporal trends are likely to be detected.
authors.affiliation: National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Arctic Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Riget
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cleemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D003625:Data Collection; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D006116:Greenland; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009930:Organic Chemicals