title: Recognition of Dictyostelium discoideum lysosomal enzymes is conferred by the amino-terminal carbohydrate binding site of the insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor.
abstract: The insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor (IGF-II/MPR) is a type I glycoprotein that mediates both the intracellular sorting of lysosomal enzymes bearing mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) residues to the lysosome and the bioavailability of IGF-II. The extracytoplasmic region of the IGF-II/MPR contains 15 repeating domains; the two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) have been localized to domains 1-3 and 7-9, and the high-affinity IGF-II binding site maps to domain 11. To characterize the carbohydrate binding properties of the IGF-II/MPR, regions of the receptor encompassing the individual CRDs were produced in a baculovirus expression system. Characterization of the recombinant proteins revealed that the pH optimum for carbohydrate binding is significantly more acidic for the carboxyl-terminal CRD than for the amino-terminal CRD (i.e., pH 6.4-6.5 vs 6.9). Equilibrium binding studies demonstrated that the two CRDs exhibit a similar affinity for Man-6-P. Furthermore, substitution of the conserved arginine residue in domain 3 (R435) or in domain 9 (R1334) with alanine resulted in a similar >1000-fold decrease in the affinity for the lysosomal enzyme, beta-glucuronidase. In contrast, the two CRDs differ dramatically in their ability to recognize the distinctive modifications (i.e., mannose 6-sulfate and Man-6-P methyl ester) found on Dictyostelium discoideum lysosomal enzymes: the amino-terminal CRD binds mannose 6-sulfate and Man-6-P methyl ester with a 14-55-fold higher affinity than the carboxyl-terminal CRD. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the IGF-II/MPR contains two functionally distinct CRDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Marron-Terada
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hancock
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Haskins
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Dahms
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000201:enzymology*; D004952:Esters; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology*; D008360:Mannosephosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012685:Sepharose; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D008360:Mannosephosphates; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C027693:mannose-6-phosphate; D012685:Sepharose; D005966:Glucuronidase