title: [Pneumococcus observatory data in the Rhône-Alps region. Results from 1996].
abstract: Throughout 1996, 22 hospital-based laboratories in the Rhône-Alpes region of France collected pneumococcal strains and used a standardized protocol to record the following data; patient age and sex; type of specimen; and determination of susceptibility to at least the following antibiotics: oxacillin 1 microgram and 5 micrograms, erythromycin (Ery), tetracycline (Tet), chloramphenicol (Chl), rifampin (Rmp), and loracarbef. For penicillin-nonsusceptible strains (PNSSs), which were identified based on results with oxacillin, MICs for penicillin G, amoxicillin (Amx), and cefotaxime (Ctx) were determined using the E Test, at the study site and agar dilution at the coordinating center. Of the 1153 strains, 65.5% were from adults and 31.8% from children; patient age was unknown in 2.7% of cases. PNSPs (MIC > 0.06 mg/l) contributed 32.9% of strains (I: 23.3%; R: 9.6%) and were more common in children (41.1%) than in adults (28.1%). The frequency of PNSSs varied across specimen types: 27.9% in blood cultures (305 strains), 15.6% in cerebrospinal fluid (32), 38.7% in protected bronchopulmonary specimens (31), 31.5% in unprotected bronchopulmonary specimens (434), 50.8% in acute otitis media (118), and 34.4% in other specimens (221). Among PNSSs, nonsusceptibility (I + R) to other antibiotics was variable: Ery, 62.1%; Tet, 41.5%; Chl, 40.4%; Rmp, 1.1%. Corresponding figures for the overall strain population were Ery, 33.3%; Tet, 22.7%; Chl, 22.8%; Rmp, 0.9%. In addition, 56.5% of PNSSs exhibited multiple drug resistance. Resistance to amoxicillin (MIC > 2 mg/l) was demonstrated for only 5 strains. No strains were resistant to loracarbef or cefotaxime. Serotypes of the 379 PNSSs were as follows: 23F, 26.6%; 14 (25.6%); 9V (18.2%), 6 (8.7%), 15 (5%), 19 (4.5%).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie médicale, HIA Desgenettes, Lyon Armées, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thierry
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Perrier-Gros-Claude
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clavier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aubert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bland
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boucaud-Maitre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carricajo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chomarat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clergeau
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delubac
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fevre
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gravagnat
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lelievre
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Letouzey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandjee
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martelet
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meley
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Reverdy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roure
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tixier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents