title: On the presence of ganglion cells in the intracranial portion of the accessory nerve (XI cranial nerve) in some mammals.
abstract: The intracranial tract of the accessory nerve (XI cranial nerve) was studied in some mammals (equines, domestic and wild ruminants, pig, carnivores, rabbit, nutria, guinea pig, hamster, hedgehog). The specimens were embedded in paraffin or paraplast, the sections were stained with cresyl violet, haematoxylin and eosin, or submitted to argentic impregnation. Pseudounipolar ganglion cells were found in all the mammals examined, with the exception of the cat. The number of cells and their variability in the different species and subjects were related. The topography and morphology of the cells were described. This comparative study has demonstrated that the accessory nerve is not a entirely motor nerve, but it is a mixed, motor and sensitive, nerve. Nevertheless, we think further studies are necessary in order to establish the peripheral distribution, the central pathway and the functional role of the pseudounipolar neurons found in the intracranial tract of the accessory nerve.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Normal Anatomy of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Parma, Italy. rinopanu@unipr.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bo Minelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Acone
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gazza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cacchioli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palmieri
mesh_terms: D000055:Accessory Nerve / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D006224:Cricetinae; D004285:Dogs; D017950:Ganglia, Sensory / Q000166:cytology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000166:cytology; D011817:Rabbits