title: Identification of a polymorphism in the promoter region of DRD4 associated with the human novelty seeking personality trait.
abstract: Polymorphism in the human dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) exon III has been associated in some but not all studies of the human personality trait of Novelty Seeking. We searched for polymorphisms in the 5' region of DRD4 and identified six polymorphisms as follows: -1217G Ins/Del, -809G/A, -616C/G, -603T Ins/Del, -602(G)8-9, and -521C/T. Associations between these polymorphisms and personality traits measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were investigated in 86 healthy Japanese volunteers. The -521C/T polymorphism was significantly associated with Novelty Seeking (P = 0.0001). Subjects with the C/C genotype exhibited the highest Novelty Seeking scores and those with the T/T genotype exhibited the lowest. A transient expression method revealed that the T variant of the C-521T polymorphism reduces transcriptional efficiency. The present study suggests a contribution of dopamine D4 receptor availability to individual differences in Novelty Seeking behavior. Molecular Psychiatry (2000) 5, 64-69.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nankai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arinami
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics); D004298:Dopamine / Q000235:genetics; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4
chemical_list: D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics); C493599:DRD4 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4; D004298:Dopamine