title: Diagnosis and management of urinary retention.
abstract: Failure to empty the urinary bladder completely can be attributed to failure of detrusor contractile function, inappropriate outlet resistance, or both. For each of these mechanisms, anatomic, neurogenic, and end-organ (myogenic or idiopathic) abnormalities are possible. The approach to urinary retention involves systematic consideration of neurogenic, obstructive, and functional causes and requires understanding of the neurophysiology and pharmacology of micturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central