title: Corneal lathing using the excimer laser and a computer-controlled positioning system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the excimer laser corneal shaping system (ELCS-S), an add-on device to the Keratom, a commercially available 193-nm excimer laser built by Schwind.
  
  
  METHODS
  The system is designed for the preparation of donor corneas under sterile conditions using the ultraviolet laser to offer greatest possible flexibility. Lenticules for planolamellar grafting and refractive epikeratoplasty, as well as donor buttons for penetrating keratoplasty can be computer-designed by the surgeon or technician and lathed with the system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the excimer laser corneal shaping system (ELCS-S) on human donor corneas, the central surface of the epikeratoplasty lenticule exhibited only narrow, flat concentric notches corresponding to the single lathing steps. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a damage zone of less than 0.3 microm in close approximation to the treated surface. The final thickness revealed a difference of less than +/-53 microm from the intended, initially programmed value. Ultrastructural studies showed the perpendicular stromal surface of the penetrating keratoplasty buttons to be smooth with minimal protrusion of Descemet's membrane. Endothelial injury was observed in a zone averaging between 40 and 100 microm adjacent to the cutting edge only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The excimer laser corneal shaping system (ELCS-S) allows a computer-controlled, surgeon-designed, sterile preparation of lamellar and penetrating corneal grafts with the use of the excimer laser. This could offer significant advantages in comparison to presently available systems for lamellar dissection and trephination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Medical School, Austria.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biowski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Homolka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barisani-Asenbauer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Husinsky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lametschwandtner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Muss
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grabner
mesh_terms: D003201:Computers; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019781:Corneal Topography; D017391:Epikeratophakia / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007834:Lasers; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning