title: Integration of positive and negative growth signals during ras pathway activation in vivo.
abstract: Expression of RAS proteins can have either positive or negative effects on cell growth, differentiation and death. New technologies are being developed for the generation of animal models to address the questions of where, when and how much Ras is expressed during tumorigenesis, and how these disparate signals are integrated during multistage carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Signal Transduction Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, MSI/WTB complex, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frame
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balmain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D051379:Mice; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019938:Cyclin D1; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins