title: Small incision nonendoscopic browlift.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of a nonendoscopic brow/forehead lift.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series of 12 patients. Small scalp and upper eyelid blepharoplasty incisions were used to elevate the brows/forehead and perform protractor myectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients achieved an aesthetically pleasing eyebrow and forehead lift with reduction of vertical and horizontal glabellar creases. Complications included one patient who experienced prolonged ecchymosis after corrugator muscle resection and one patient who had asymmetric lid folds after surgery. The length of follow-up ranged from 9 to 35 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The small incision nonendoscopic browlift technique provides a useful alternative to the endoscopic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at San Diego, USA.
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery