title: Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 viral genotype on mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine whether the maternal infecting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 clade affects mother-to-child transmission frequency. Mothers in the mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission study in Nairobi, Kenya, were grouped by HIV-1 status of their first enrolled child: uninfected, perinatally infected, or postnatally infected. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was used to determine HIV-1 viral clades of nested polymerase chain reaction products from HIV-1 protease or p24 genes. When inconclusive, sequencing determined the clade. Clade distributions within the groups were compared. The 3 groups displayed a uniform clade distribution. The predominant clades were A (59%) and D (20%). Clades B, C, F, mixed, and recombinant infections comprised the remainder (21%). No significant association was seen between clades A and D and either frequency or mode of vertical transmission. RFLP analysis revealed 2 clade B infections, 9 mixed, and 5 p24/protease recombinant infections in the study population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Embree
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ramdahin
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Anzala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Njenga
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Plummer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000821:virology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007630:Kenya; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies