[Pneumococcus observatory data in the Rhône-Alps region. Results from 1996].
Throughout 1996, 22 hospital-based laboratories in the Rhône-Alpes region of France collected pneumococcal strains and used a standardized protocol to record the following data; patient age and sex; type of specimen; and determination of susceptibility to at least the following antibiotics: oxacillin 1 microgram and 5 micrograms, erythromycin (Ery), tetracycline (Tet), chloramphenicol (Chl), rifampin (Rmp), and loracarbef. For penicillin-nonsusceptible strains (PNSSs), which were identified based on results with oxacillin, MICs for penicillin G, amoxicillin (Amx), and cefotaxime (Ctx) were determined using the E Test, at the study site and agar dilution at the coordinating center. Of the 1153 strains, 65.5% were from adults and 31.8% from children; patient age was unknown in 2.7% of cases. PNSPs (MIC > 0.06 mg/l) contributed 32.9% of strains (I: 23.3%; R: 9.6%) and were more common in children (41.1%) than in adults (28.1%). The frequency of PNSSs varied across specimen types: 27.9% in blood cultures (305 strains), 15.6% in cerebrospinal fluid (32), 38.7% in protected bronchopulmonary specimens (31), 31.5% in unprotected bronchopulmonary specimens (434), 50.8% in acute otitis media (118), and 34.4% in other specimens (221). Among PNSSs, nonsusceptibility (I + R) to other antibiotics was variable: Ery, 62.1%; Tet, 41.5%; Chl, 40.4%; Rmp, 1.1%. Corresponding figures for the overall strain population were Ery, 33.3%; Tet, 22.7%; Chl, 22.8%; Rmp, 0.9%. In addition, 56.5% of PNSSs exhibited multiple drug resistance. Resistance to amoxicillin (MIC > 2 mg/l) was demonstrated for only 5 strains. No strains were resistant to loracarbef or cefotaxime. Serotypes of the 379 PNSSs were as follows: 23F, 26.6%; 14 (25.6%); 9V (18.2%), 6 (8.7%), 15 (5%), 19 (4.5%).
Thierry
J
J
Laboratoire de Biologie médicale, HIA Desgenettes, Lyon Armées, France.
Perrier-Gros-Claude
J D
JD
Clavier
B
B
Dumas
M
M
Aubert
G
G
Barbe
G
G
Bland
S
S
Boucaud-Maitre
Y
Y
Boyer
M
M
Carricajo
A
A
Chomarat
M
M
Clergeau
P
P
Delubac
F
F
Fevre
D
D
Fuhrmann
C
C
Gravagnat
B
B
Lelievre
H
H
Letouzey
M N
MN
Mandjee
A
A
Martelet
P
P
Meley
R
R
Reverdy
M E
ME
Ros
A
A
Roure
C
C
Tixier
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents