Identification of viral macrophage inflammatory protein (vMIP)-II as a ligand for GPR5/XCR1.
Lymphotactin is unique among chemokines in that it contains only two of four conserved cysteines and may possess a structure less constrained than other chemokines. The viral chemokine vMIP-II, which presumably has a structure similar to that of CC chemokines has been shown to inhibit many chemokine receptors, but its activity at GPR5/XCR1 has not been described. Interestingly, vMIP-II (but not vMIP-I) was found to be a potent antagonist of lymphotactin activity at GPR5/XCR1, extending the range of chemokine classes that this viral protein is known to inhibit to include the C class chemokine. In addition, we have extended previous analyses of GPR5/XCR1 expression and show that this receptor is expressed in leukocyte cells previously shown to be responsive to lymphotactin.
Shan
L
L
Human Genome Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA.
Qiao
X
X
Oldham
E
E
Catron
D
D
Kaminski
H
H
Lundell
D
D
Zlotnik
A
A
Gustafson
E
E
Hedrick
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019744:Chemokines, C; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D018925:Chemokines; D019744:Chemokines, C; D017931:DNA Primers; D008024:Ligands; D008222:Lymphokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C092390:XCL1 protein, human; C091671:XCR1 protein, human; C486249:Xcl1 protein, mouse; C018997:lymphotactin; C108059:vMIP-II; D002118:Calcium