title: [Position of venous outflow: a crucial aspect in flaps with 2 opposed pedicles. Application to the cutaneous delay phenomenon. Experimental study with rats].
abstract: In the present study, the authors decided to focus on the effect of the venous outflow location in the survival of a flap with a choke vessels barrier by means of a rat bipedicled ventral island flap. In a first experiment, the extent of flap necrosis was examined in three experimental groups: group 1, alternate vein and artery ligation (n = 5); group 2, unilateral artery ligation (n = 5); group 3, unilateral pedicle ligation (n = 5). Less than 10% necrosis occurred in group 1; 28% in group 2 and 33% in group 3. In a second experiment we applied the first results to the delay phenomenon. 10 rats were divided into 2 groups: group 4, primary ligation of a complete pedicle on one side; group 5, primary alternate vein and artery ligation and the flaps were raised 21 days later. We observed 20% necrosis in group 4 and only 4% in group 5. The data of the first experiment indicate that a vein remaining near the artery can be a dramatic obstacle to the efficiency of choke vessels. The second experimental study shows the superiority of primary selective ligation in the delay phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Plastique, CHU Chiba Japon.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wako
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Servant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004322:Drainage; D008026:Ligation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*