title: UV light selectively coinduces supply pathways from primary metabolism and flavonoid secondary product formation in parsley.
abstract: The UV light-induced synthesis of UV-protective flavonoids diverts substantial amounts of substrates from primary metabolism into secondary product formation and thus causes major perturbations of the cellular homeostasis. Results from this study show that the mRNAs encoding representative enzymes from various supply pathways are coinduced in UV-irradiated parsley cells (Petroselinum crispum) with two mRNAs of flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis, encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase. Strong induction was observed for mRNAs encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (carbohydrate metabolism, providing substrates for the shikimate pathway), 3-deoxyarabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (shikimate pathway, yielding phenylalanine), and acyl-CoA oxidase (fatty acid degradation, yielding acetyl-CoA), and moderate induction for an mRNA encoding S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (activated methyl cycle, yielding S-adenosyl-methionine for B-ring methylation). Ten arbitrarily selected mRNAs representing various unrelated metabolic activities remained unaffected. Comparative analysis of acyl-CoA oxidase and chalcone synthase with respect to mRNA expression modes and gene promoter structure and function revealed close similarities. These results indicate a fine-tuned regulatory network integrating those functionally related pathways of primary and secondary metabolism that are specifically required for protective adaptation to UV irradiation. Although the response of parsley cells to UV light is considerably broader than previously assumed, it contrasts greatly with the extensive metabolic reprogramming observed previously in elicitor-treated or fungus-infected cells.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Abteilung Biochemie, Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10, D-50829 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Logemann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tavernaro
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Somssich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hahlbrock
mesh_terms: D010723:3-Deoxy-7-Phosphoheptulonate Synthase / Q000235:genetics; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D043383:Adenosylhomocysteinase; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000528:radiation effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; D000217:Acyltransferases; C020141:flavanone synthetase; D010723:3-Deoxy-7-Phosphoheptulonate Synthase; D006867:Hydrolases; D043383:Adenosylhomocysteinase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase