title: Inhibitors of phospholipase C prevent glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons.
abstract: The role of phospholipase C in the molecular mechanism of glutamate neurotoxicity was assessed in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons. It is shown that 1-[6-[[(17b)-3-methoxyestra-1,3, 5(10)-trien-17-yl]amino] hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (U-73122) and 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (Et-18-OCH(3)), two agents that inhibit phospholipase C, prevent glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) neurotoxicity. It is shown that both compounds prevent glutamate neurotoxicity at concentrations lower than those required to inhibit carbachol-induced hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids. In contrast, it was a good correlation between the concentrations of U-73122 and Et-18-OCH(3) required to inhibit NMDA-induced hydrolysis of phospholipids and those required to prevent glutamate and NMDA neurotoxicity. NMDA-induced hydrolysis of phospholipids is inhibited by nitroarginine, an inhibitor of nitric-oxide synthase, and is mimicked by the nitric oxide-generating agent S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine. The results reported indicate that glutamate neurotoxicity would be mediated by activation of NMDA receptors, leading to activation of nitric-oxide synthase and increased formation of nitric oxide, which results in increased activity of phospholipase C. Inhibition of phospholipase C by U-73122 or Et-18-OCH(3) prevents glutamate-induced neuronal death.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Citologicas, Fundación Valenciana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llansola
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monfort
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Felipo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects*; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004963:Estrenes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; C026659:edelfosine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D002217:Carbachol; D010738:Type C Phospholipases