title: Autometallographical localisation of Cu and Zn within target cell compartments of winkles following exposure to Cu&Zn mixtures.
abstract: This investigation attempts to determine the usefulness of autometallography to localise particular metals in certain key tissues of molluscs exposed to metal mixtures. For this purpose, winkles (Littorina littorea) removed from shell were exposed to very high concentrations of either copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) or a mixture of both metals (Cu&Zn) dissolved in sea-water for short periods of time. Protein-bound metals were detected by autometallography as black silver deposits (BSD) on histological sections of gills, foot, mantle, digestive gland/gonad complex, stomach and kidney. Copper was localised within cytoplasmic granules of gill ciliated cells, nephrocytes and stomach epithelial cells as well as within digestive cell lysosomes. Zinc was essentially found in the basal lamina (histological sense) of gill, stomach, kidney and digestive gland epithelia. BSD were also evidenced in cytoplasmic granules of pore cells present in parenchymal connective tissue of mantle, foot, gill, digestive gland and stomach. Copper and zinc concentrations were additionally calculated for the whole soft body as well as for certain organs by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). According to AAS, a synergistic phenomenon would contribute to increase the rate of Cu and Zn accumulation in presence of each other. However, after exposure to Cu&Zn autometallography did not evidence any synergistic phenomenon, and Cu and Zn were localised in their respective accumulation sites. In conclusion, autometallography might indicate the presence of certain metals in the environment irrespective of factors, such as "metal-metal interaction-like" phenomena, affecting metal concentrations in soft tissues.
authors.affiliation: Zientzi Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Bilbo, Basque Country. zopsolom@lg.ehu.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lekube
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marigómez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008974:Mollusca / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016622:Silver Staining; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc