title: Defective hMSH2/hMLH1 protein expression is seen infrequently in ulcerative colitis associated colorectal cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ulcerative colitis is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer above that of the normal population. The relative risk correlates with the extent and duration of the disease but the genetic basis of ulcerative colitis associated cancer risk is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of microsatellite instability and mismatch repair gene abnormalities in ulcerative colitis associated colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty six patients with colorectal cancer, with a previous histological diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of microsatellite instability and/or immunohistochemical expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was assessed. Thirty three cases were investigated using both approaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although 6/41 (14.6%) cases showed microsatellite instability at one or more markers, only one case (2. 4%) exhibited high level instability (at least two markers affected). Of 38 cases which were assessed using antibodies against hMSH2 and hMLH1, only one case (2.6%) showed loss of expression. This case, which showed loss of hMSH2 expression, was the same case which exhibited high level microsatellite instability. The 33 cases which were investigated using both approaches showed that loss of expression of either hMSH2 or hMLH1 was not seen in any case which exhibited microsatellite instability in no more than one marker.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that both high level microsatellite instability and loss of expression of hMSH2/hMLH1 are infrequent events in ulcerative colitis associated colorectal cancers. Low level microsatellite instability was not associated with loss of expression of either hMSH2 or hMLH1.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Oncology, Algernon Firth Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cawkwell
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murgatroyd
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jarvis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quirke
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein