title: Ratio of left ventricular peak E-wave velocity to flow propagation velocity assessed by color M-mode Doppler echocardiography in first myocardial infarction: prognostic and clinical implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the ability of the ratio of peak E-wave velocity to flow propagation velocity (E/Vp) measured with color M-mode Doppler echocardiography to predict in-hospital heart failure and cardiac mortality in an unselected consecutive population with first myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Several experimental studies indicate color M-mode echocardiography to be a valuable tool in the evaluation of diastolic function, but data regarding the clinical value are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Echocardiography was performed within 24 h of arrival at the coronary care unit in 110 consecutive patients with first MI. Highest Killip class was determined during hospitalization. Patients were divided into groups according to E/Vp <1.5 and > or =1.5.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During hospitalization 53 patients were in Killip class > or =II. In patients with E/Vp > or =1.5, Killip class was significantly higher compared with patients with E/Vp <1.5 (p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified E/Vp > or =1.5 to be the single best predictor of in-hospital clinical heart failure when compared with age, heart rate, E-wave deceleration time (Dt), left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, wall motion index, enzymatic infarct size and Q-wave MI. At day 35 survival in patients with E/Vp <1.5 was 98%, while for patients with E/Vp > or =1.5, it was 58% (p < 0.0001). Cox proportional hazards model identified Dt <140 ms, E/Vp > or =1.5 and age to be independent predictors of cardiac death, with Dt < 140 ms being superior to age and E/Vp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the acute phase of MI, E/Vp > or =1.5 measured with color M-mode echocardiography is a strong predictor of in-hospital heart failure. Furthermore, E/Vp is superior to systolic measurements in predicting 35 day survival although Dt <140 ms is the most powerful predictor of cardiac death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Svendborg Hospital, Denmark. jam@shf.fyns-amt.dk
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seward
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Appleton
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Egstrup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013318:Stroke Volume; D015996:Survival Rate; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left