title: Effect of spectacles on changes of spherical hypermetropia in infants who did, and did not, have strabismus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore why emmetropisation fails in children who have strabismus.
  
  
  METHODS
  289 hypermetropic infants were randomly allocated spectacles and followed. Changes in spherical hypermetropia were compared in those who had strabismus and those who did not. The effect of wearing glasses on these changes was assessed using t tests and regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean spherical hypermetropia decreased in both eyes of "normal" children (p<0.001). The consistent wearing of glasses impeded this process in both eyes (p<0.007). In the children with strabismus, there were no significant changes in either eye, irrespective of treatment (p>0. 05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast with normal infants, neither eye of those who had strabismus emmetropised, irrespective of whether the incoming vision was clear or blurred. It is suggested that these eyes did not "recognise" the signal of blurred vision, and that they remained long sighted because they were destined to squint. Hence, the children did not squint because they were long sighted, and glasses did not prevent them squinting.
authors.affiliation: Kettering General Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lambert
mesh_terms: D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000628:therapy*; D007223:Infant; D013285:Strabismus / Q000628:therapy*; D017211:Treatment Failure