title: Topical rivastigmine, a selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, lowers intraocular pressure in rabbits.
abstract: Non-selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are known hypotensive agents. The purpose of the present investigation was carried out to ascertain whether rivastigmine, a selective carbamate-type inhibitor of AChE, which inhibits selectively an isoform of this enzyme found almost exclusively in the central nervous system, is able to depress the intraocular pressure (IOP) in normotensive rabbits. IOP was monitored with a TonoPen XL in conscious adult rabbits before and hourly up to 8 hr after administration of the drug. Baseline measurements without treatment and after one single topical application of rivastigmine [1% (n=8); 2% (n=4); and 5% (n=6)] to the right eye and of the vehicle alone to the left one were performed. Rivastigmine reduced the IOP of treated eyes significantly (p<0.05) in a dose-independent manner. Maximal effects of 23.2% (5% rivastigmine), 19.6% (2% rivastigmine) and 15.2% (1% rivastigmine) were achieved 1, 3 and 5 hr after application of the drug. A non-significant reduction of IOP in the contralateral eye was also observed. Rabbits evidenced no signs of discomfort after administration of rivastigmine. No conjunctival discharge or other signs of drug related local toxicity were found. Rivastigmine, a selective antagonist of AChE, lowers IOP significantly and may thus be of potential use in glaucoma therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland. david.goldblum@insel.ch
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goldblum
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Garweg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Böhnke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002219:Carbamates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D011817:Rabbits; D000068836:Rivastigmine; D013997:Time Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D000068836:Rivastigmine