title: Linkage disequilibrium testing of four interleukin-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The molecules of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) system have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and polymorphisms in the genes encoding IL-1beta (IL1B), the IL-1 Type 1 receptor (IL1RTI) and the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) molecules have been associated with IDDM in case-control studies. It can be difficult to exclude selection biases in case-control studies leading to spurious association. This risk is eliminated when using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). Hence, by means of the TDT we have investigated four intragenic IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms, the IL1B AvaI, the IL1B TaqI, the IL1RTI PstI and the IL1RN 2(nd)intron polymorphisms, for linkage and intra-familial association with IDDM in Danish IDDM multiplex family material comprising 245 families. We found no evidence for overall linkage or intra-familial association between any of the polymorphisms and IDDM. In addition, we did not find linkage between any of the polymorphisms and IDDM in HLA-DR3/4 heterozygous or HLA-non-DR3/4 heterozygous IDDM subjects, respectively. In conclusion, by means of intra-familial TDT analysis we found no linkage or intra-familial association between IDDM and the four IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish IDDM multiplex family material.
authors.affiliation: The Danish Study Group of Diabetes in Childhood. For the DSGD and DIEGG
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pociot
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johannesen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bergholdt
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dinarello
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nerup
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mandrup-Poulsen
mesh_terms: D003718:Denmark; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D005810:Multigene Family; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D007375:Interleukin-1