title: Persistent altered spermatogenesis in long-term childhood cancer survivors.
abstract: This study evaluated male gonadal function in long-term survivors of childhood cancer and assessed the suitability of offering sperm analysis to all those patients independently of the diagnosis and treatment received. A total of 43 survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (21), acute myeloid leukemia (1), neuroblastoma (8), ganglioneuroblastoma (1), ganglioneuroma (2), Wilms' tumor (9), and mesoblastic nephroma (1) underwent sperm analysis at a mean age of 20.2 years, after a mean time off treatment of 13.6 years. Eight of the patients (19%) were azoospermic, 2 (5%) were severely oligo-asthenozoospermic, and only 16 (37%) were normozoospermic. A control group of healthy volunteers aged < or = 30 years included no azoospermic subjects, 7% severely oligo-asthenozoospermic, and 67% normozoospermic. Comparisons were also made with patients treated at our Human Reproductive Unit aged < or = 30 years (n = 373) whose percentages for the above parameters were 4, 9, and 42%, respectively. Cumulated cyclophosphamide dose and basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were identified as independent factors associated with azoospermia or severe oligo-asthenozoospermia. Azoospermic and severely oligo-asthenozoospermic survivors had significantly smaller mean testicular volume and higher basal FSH levels than the other survivors, but small testicles (sum of both testicular volume < or = 20 mL) and/or abnormally high basal FSH (> 10 mIU/mL) were present in only half of the azoospermic survivors. Male long-term survivors of childhood cancer constitute a high-risk subpopulation for altered sperm analysis. It seems justified to offer sperm analysis to all long-term survivors.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López Andreu
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrís i Tortajada
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ineba
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antonio
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romeu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents