title: Bladder and sexual dysfunction after mesorectal excision for rectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary and sexual dysfunction are recognized complications of rectal excision for cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of such complications after mesorectal excision, shortly after this method was introduced.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spontaneous flowmetry, residual volume of urine measurement and urodynamic examination, including cystometry and simultaneous detrusor pressure and urinary flow recording, was carried out before and 3 months after curative rectal excision. Urinary symptoms and sexual function were evaluated by means of questionnaires before and after operation. Each patient served as his or her own control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-nine consecutive patients, 39 of whom had a total mesorectal excision (TME) and ten a partial mesorectal excision, were examined before surgery and 35 again after operation. In two patients, a weak detrusor was detected before operation. Two patients developed signs of bladder denervation after operation. Transitory moderate urinary incontinence appeared in four other women. Six of 24 men reported some reduction in erectile function and one became impotent. Two men reported retrograde ejaculation. All the complications were seen in the TME group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mesorectal excision for rectal cancer resulted in a low frequency of serious bladder and sexual dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Aker Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nesbakken
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nygaard
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bull-Njaa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carlsen
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Eri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000209:etiology*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D014563:Urodynamics