title: It's a disaster: emergency departments' preparation for a chemical incident or disaster.
abstract: Nurses in the Accident & Emergency (A&E) Department have a significant role to play in the treatment and resuscitation of victims of a chemical disaster. Chemical disasters are unique because casualties are contaminated. Nursing staff triage casualties and they have direct contact with contaminated patients, before and during decontamination. Consequently they require adequate personal protective equipment and information regarding isolation and decontamination. The use of chemicals has increased since the turn of the century. Hazardous chemical emergencies arise from accidents in production, storage, transportation and the disposal of chemical substances. Their illegal manufacture and use by terrorists makes the likelihood of a chemical disaster with mass casualties in Australia very real. Emergency departments are ill-prepared to deal with this scenario, and very few disaster plans include a comprehensive decontamination component. To achieve an effective response with the best utilisation of resources, it is vital for emergency services personnel and A&E departments to be prepared.
authors.affiliation: Emerg Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Totenhofer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kierce
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational; D002618:Chemical Warfare; D003666:Decontamination; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods*; D016529:Emergency Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D014218:Triage; D014754:Violence
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances