title: Prognostic impact of total tumor volume and hemoglobin concentration on the outcome of patients with advanced head and neck cancer after concomitant boost radiochemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify prognostic clinical and treatment related factors for local control, distant metastasis-free survival, and survival by means of a multivariate analysis in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck after concomitant boost radiochemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1992 to 1995, 68 patients with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (93% stage IV disease) were treated with a simultaneous radiochemotherapy with Carboplatin using a concomitant boost technique. The total tumor volume (TTV) was quantitatively determined based on computed tomography scans in 56 patients. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed for each of the above endpoints and statistical significance of the Cox models was verified using the likelihood ratio test and Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survival and locoregional control rates at three years were 35 and 32%. The multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between the TTV and survival (P = 0.0008) and between the pretreatment serum hemoglobin concentration and locoregional control (P = 0.01) and survival (P = 0.05). The locoregional control was significantly associated with the N-stage (P = 0.007) and there was a good correlation between the N-stage and TTV in this study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data corroborate the prognostic relevance of the tumor volume and hemoglobin concentration. In studies comparing the survival of patients with advanced cancer of the head and neck, the use of the TTV as a covariable may improve the statistical power.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rudat
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schramm
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conradt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flentje
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wannenmacher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006454:Hemoglobins; D016190:Carboplatin