title: Inflicted traumatic brain injury: relationship of developmental outcome to severity of injury.
abstract: Inflicted traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequent consequence of physical child abuse in infants and children. Twenty-eight children who were 2-42 months of age when hospitalized for moderate to severe TBI were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of neurobehavioral outcome following acquired brain injury. Relative to a comparison group, the children with inflicted TBI had significant deficits in cognitive, motor and behavioral domains when assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II 1 and 3 months after the injury. Nearly half of the injured children showed persisting deficits in attention/arousal, emotional regulation and motor coordination. Greater injury severity, as indicated by lower coma scale scores, longer periods of unconsciousness and the presence of edema/cerebral infarctions was associated with poorer outcomes in all domains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. lewing@ped1.med.uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ewing-Cobbs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Landry
mesh_terms: D001497:Battered Child Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D002657:Child Development; D003071:Cognition; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices