title: Adult reference ranges for serum cystatin C, creatinine and predicted creatinine clearance.
abstract: Serum cystatin C measurement has been previously shown by ourselves and others to be a better indicator of changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than serum creatinine. However, the available literature on reference values for cystatin C concentration remains surprisingly sparse; we thus set out to determine an adult reference range. Blood was taken from 309 healthy blood donors and creatinine and cystatin C concentrations were measured using commercially available automated methodologies. In addition, predicted creatinine clearances were calculated using the Cockcroft and Gault formula. The 95% reference intervals for creatinine, predicted creatinine clearance and cystatin C for all blood donors, regardless of gender, were 68-118 mumol/L, 58-120 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 0.51-0.98 mg/L, respectively. For women, the intervals were 68-98 mumol/L, 60-119 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 0.49-0.94 mg/L; for men, they were 78-123 mumol/L, 57-122 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 0.56-0.98 mg/L. This mean 95% reference interval for cystatin C in all donors under 50 years of age was 0.53-0.92 mg/L; for those over 50 years of age it was 0.58-1.02 mg/L. The small difference between make and female ranges meant that a single reference range for cystatin C could be established for all adults under 50 years of age without adjustment for body surface area. Serum cystatin C measurement offers a simpler and more sensitive screening test than serum creatinine for early changes in GFR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Finney
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D003404:Creatinine