title: Health-related quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis: a survey of 175 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify aspects of health-related quality of life that are most commonly affected in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy-five participants in a longitudinal study of health status in AS completed a cross-sectional survey that asked them to rate the presence and importance of problems in 23 aspects of quality of life, including symptoms, disability, mood, relations with others, and concerns about treatments and the future. Participants also completed the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the participants was 51.1 years, and the mean duration of AS was 23.7 years; 119 (68%) were men. The most prevalent quality of life concerns included stiffness (90.2%), pain (83.1%), fatigue (62.4%), poor sleep (54.1%), concerns about appearance (50.6%), worry about the future (50.3%), and medication side effects (41%). Compared with those who had some college education, participants with 12 years of education or less were 2 to 4 times more likely to have problems or concerns with medication side effects, mobility, housework and self-care tasks, coping with illness, anxiety, payment for treatment, and relationships with spouses, family, and friends. Mean scores on the 8 domains of the SF-36 (range 0-100; higher scores indicate better function) ranged from 49 (energy/fatigue) to 77 (role limitations due to emotional problems). Patients with 12 years of education or less had significantly lower scores than those with some college on all domains except general health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to pain and stiffness, fatigue and sleep problems are important concerns in patients with AS, while few reported problems with mood or social relationships. Less educated patients had lower quality of life in many different aspects.
authors.affiliation: Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011788:Quality of Life; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*