title: Immunocytochemical staining of Kupffer and endothelial cells in fine needle aspiration cytology of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the significance of the presence of Kupffer and endothelial cells in distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) on cytologic smears.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) from 43 cases, 21 HCC and 22 AC (8 primary and 14 metastatic), were immunostained for Factor VIII and vimentin as markers for endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, respectively. Cytologic diagnosis was verified by histologic and/or clinical follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen of the 21 cases (86%) of HCC and 11 (5 primary and 6 metastatic) of 22 cases (50%) of AC showed positive immunostaining for Factor VIII (P = .02). Vimentin immunostaining was positive in 55% of HCCs and 41% of ACs (P = .74). Forty-five percent of cases of HCC showed immunostaining for both Factor VIII and vimentin, while 22% of cases of AC showed immunostaining for both Factor VIII and vimentin (P = .18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunocytochemical identification of endothelial cells using Factor VIII may have important diagnostic value in separating HCC from adenocarcinomas in liver FNABs. The presence of Kupffer cells labeled with vimentin has no diagnostic significance in FNAB of these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayek
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Khettry
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nasser
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014746:Vimentin; D005169:Factor VIII