title: The effect of timing of sample collection on the detection of measles-specific IgM in serum and oral fluid samples after primary measles vaccination.
abstract: This study compares the timing of the rise and decline of measles-specific IgM in serum samples and in oral fluid samples. Two hundred and eighty 9-month-old infants presenting for routine measles vaccination in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, were enrolled. Paired serum and oral fluid samples were collected before and 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks after measles vaccination. Samples were tested by using a modified antibody-capture enzyme immunoassay. For the 321 IgM-negative pre- and post-vaccination serum samples, 317 (99 %) of their corresponding oral fluid samples were IgM-negative. Among the 130 IgM-positive serum samples, 75% of their paired oral fluid samples were IgM-positive, with the percentage rising to 87% after oral fluid samples collected > or =3.5 weeks after vaccination were excluded. Among the post-vaccination serum samples, the percent IgM-positive peaked in week 3 and declined to 79% in week 4. For post-vaccination oral fluid samples, the percent IgM-positive peaked in weeks 2 and 3, and then declined to 43% in week 4. This modified antibody-capture enzyme immunoassay appears to detect vaccine-induced measles-specific IgM in the first 3 weeks after vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Helfand
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kebede
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mercader
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Gary
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beyene
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bellini
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008458:Measles Vaccine