title: Cyclooxygenase-deficient mice. A summary of their characteristics and susceptibilities to inflammation and carcinogenesis.
abstract: Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1- and COX-2-deficient mice have unique physiological differences that have allowed investigation into the individual biological roles of the COX isoforms. In the following, the phenotypes of the two COX knockout mice are summarized, and recent studies to investigate the effects of COX deficiency on inflammatory responses and cancer susceptibility are discussed. The data suggest that both isoforms have important roles in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and that such designations as house-keeping and/or response gene may not be entirely accurate. Furthermore, data from COX-deficient mice indicate that both isoforms can contribute to the inflammatory response and that both isoforms have significant roles in carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. langenbach@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langenbach
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Loftin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tiano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse