title: Mycobacterium resistance to antimycobacterial reagent.
abstract: This study was carried out in the tuberculosis laboratory of the Institut National d'Hygiène in Rabat, Morocco, in 1997. The aim was to determine the percentages of drug-resistant strains by using 150 antibiograms. Six antimycobacterial medications were used as tuberculosis treatment: isoniazid (INH), streptomycin (STM), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB), kanamycin (KAN) and p-amino-salicylic acid (PAS). The cultures were plated onto a simple agar (Lowenstein-Jensen) plate containing different concentrations of drugs. This test demonstrated the presence of major antimycobacterial (INH, RIF, STM)-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the following percentages respectively: 34.6 per cent, 33.1 per cent and 26.1 per cent and 80 per cent, 70 per cent and 40 per cent in the case of atypical mycobacteria. The association of INH/RIF showed the highest percentage (27.6 per cent) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 70 per cent for atypical strains, whereas, when we associate INH/RIF/STM, the resistance rate becomes 17.69 per cent for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 25 per cent for atypical mycobacteria. The resistance in question was a secondary or acquired resistance because the tested strains were isolated from patients who had not responded to standard tuberculosis treatment.
authors.affiliation: Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat Agdal, Morocco.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aghandous
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zouhdi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zizi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Errami
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Idrissi
mesh_terms: D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007612:Kanamycin; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin