title: Polymorphisms within glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) and risk of relapse in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study.
abstract: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have been associated with outcome in human cancers treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. In a case-control study, we investigated the association between polymorphisms within the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes and risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Cases were relapsed patients. Controls were successfully treated patients with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. The null genotype (absence of both alleles) for GSTM1 or GSTT1 conferred a 2-fold (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0. 23-1.07, P =.078) and 2.8-fold (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.13-0.99, P =. 048) reduction in risk of relapse, respectively, relative to the presence of the GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene. The GSTP1 Val(105)/Val(105) genotype showed a 3-fold decrease in risk of relapse (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.09-1.23, P =.099) in comparison to the combined category of Ile(105)/Val(105) and Ile(105)/Ile(105 )genotypes. No particular associations with relapse were observed for the GSTP1 polymorphism at codon 114. The risk of relapse when having 1 of the low-risk genotypes (GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, GSTP1 Val(105)/Val(105)) decreased 1.9-fold (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.24-1.19, P =.123), and the risk when having 2 or 3 low-risk genotypes 3.5-fold (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.06-1.37, P =.118), compared with individuals having no low-risk genotype (P for trend =.005). Our results suggest that polymorphisms within genes of the GST superfamily may be associated with risk of relapse in childhood ALL. (Blood. 2000;95:1222-1228)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stanulla
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schrappe
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Brechlin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D011289:Preleukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human