title: Preventive services in a health maintenance organization: how well do pediatricians screen and educate adolescent patients?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether pediatricians in managed care settings adhere to national guidelines concerning the provision of clinical preventive services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys were mailed between September 1996 and April 1997 to all pediatricians practicing in a California group-model health maintenance organization. The survey asked pediatricians about their screening and education practices on 34 recommended services and the actions taken with adolescent patients who have engaged in risk behavior.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 66.2% (N = 366). Pediatricians, on average, screened 92% of their adolescent patients for immunization status and blood pressure; 85% for school performance; 60% to 80% for obesity, sexual intercourse, cigarette use, alcohol use, drug use, and seat belt and helmet use; 30% to 47% for access to handguns, suicide, eating disorders, depression, and driving after drinking alcohol; fewer than 20% for use of smokeless tobacco, sexual orientation, sexual and physical abuse, and riding a bike or swimming after drinking alcohol; and 26% to 41% for close friends' engagement in risk behavior. Pediatricians' assessment and education with adolescent patients who screened positive for risk behavior was particularly low. Female physicians, physicians who saw a greater proportion of older adolescents, and recent medical school graduates were more likely to provide preventive services.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatricians in this health maintenance organization provide preventive services to adolescent patients at rates below recommendations but at rates greater than physicians in other practice settings. Improvement is especially needed in the areas that contribute most to adolescent mortality and for patients who screen positive for a risk behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0503, USA. yafa@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Halpern-Felsher
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Millstein
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wibbelsman
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Fuster
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Elster
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Irwin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002140:California; D003625:Data Collection; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012309:Risk-Taking