title: Enhanced atherosclerosis and kidney dysfunction in eNOS(-/-)Apoe(-/-) mice are ameliorated by enalapril treatment.
abstract: Hypertension and atherosclerosis are each important causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. We have investigated the interaction between these conditions by breeding mice that are atherosclerotic due to lack of apolipoprotein (apo) E with mice that are hypertensive due to lack of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The doubly deficient mice (nnee) have higher blood pressure (BP) and increased atherosclerotic lesion size but no change in plasma lipoprotein profiles compared with normotensive but atherosclerotic (NNee) mice. The nnee mice also develop kidney damage, evidenced by increased plasma creatinine, decreased kidney weight/body weight ratio, and glomerular lipid deposition and calcification. Enalapril treatment abolishes the deleterious effects of eNOS deficiency on BP, atherosclerosis, and kidney dysfunction in nnee mice. In striking contrast, a genetic lack of inducible NOS, which does not affect BP, has no effect on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in Apoe(-/-) mice. We also observed a positive relationship between BP and size of atherosclerotic lesions These results suggest that the atherogenic effects of eNOS deficiency can be partially explained by an increase in BP and reemphasize the importance of controlling hypertension in preventing atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Reddick
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jennette
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Shesely
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Smithies
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D009929:Organ Size
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004656:Enalapril; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse