title: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for peripheral malignant neuroectodermal tumor of bone: recent experience at the istituto rizzoli.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The results achieved in 44 patients with nonmetastatic peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of bone treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy are reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A six-drug regimen of chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide) was administered to all patients. Local treatment consisted of surgery in 20 patients, surgery followed by radiotherapy in 13, and radiotherapy only in 11.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (range, 2 to 7 years), 23 patients (52%) remain event-free, 20 have relapsed (45%), and one has died of chemotherapy-related toxicity. The 5-year event-free survival and overall survival were 54.2% and 62.7%, respectively. To assess the prognostic significance of neural differentiation in the family of Ewing's sarcoma, these results have been compared with the outcomes of 138 concomitant patients with typical Ewing's sarcoma (TES) who were treated according to the same protocol. Of these, 103 (75%) remained continuously event-free, 34 (24%) relapsed, and one died of chemotherapy-related toxicity. It follows that PNET patients treated with this chemotherapy regimen have a significantly worse prognosis than typical ES patients (5-year event-free survival, 54.2% v 70.6%, P <.012; 5-year overall survival, 62.7% v 78.3%, P <.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors conclude that studies into new adjuvant therapy for Ewing's sarcoma modulated according to risk of relapse should also consider neural differentiation as a risk factor.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemotherapy and Pathology and Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy. chemioterapia@ior.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bacci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bertoni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bacchini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Longhi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brach Del Prever
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rimondini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D018241:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide