title: Correlation between visual function, neurodevelopmental outcome, and magnetic resonance imaging findings in infants with periventricular leucomalacia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the correlation between visual function and neurodevelopmental outcome in children with periventricular leucomalacia at 1 and 3 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual acuity, visual field, ocular motility, and optokinetic nystagmus were tested in 29 infants with periventricular leucomalacia by brain magnetic resonance imaging. All infants also had a structured neurological examination and a Griffiths developmental assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  21 of the infants showed at least one abnormality of visual function. The degree of visual impairment-that is, the number of visual tests showing abnormal results-correlated well with the results on developmental assessment at both ages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multivariate analysis showed that visual impairment was the most important variable in determining the neurodevelopmental scores of these infants, more than their motor disability and the extent of their lesions on magnetic resonance imaging.
authors.affiliation: Stella Maris Scientific Institute, Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Via dei Giacinti 2, I-56018 Calambrone, Pisa, Italy. ciono@inpe.unipi.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cioni
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bertuccelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boldrini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Canapicchi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fazzi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercuri
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000150:complications*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields