title: Regressive changes and neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer after neoadjuvant hormonal treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the extent of neuroendocrine (NE) tumor cell differentiation and its relation to regressive changes in prostate cancer after 3-month hormonal treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radical prostatectomy specimens from 103 patients, randomized to 3-month neoadjuvant LH-RH-analogue treatment (neoadjuvant group) or to surgery alone (control group), were available for analysis. The effects of hormonal treatment in terms of positive surgical margins, the degree of histopathological changes, and tumor cell proliferation were evaluated in relation to NE-differentiation assessed with antibodies against chromogranin A (CGA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the number of CGA-positive cells/cm(2) (P < 0.003) and the proportion of NE-positive tumors (P = 0.07) were greater in the neoadjuvant group than in the control group. No correlation existed between NE-differentiation and the effects of the neoadjuvant hormonal treatment; nor did NE-differentiation correlate to the decrease in serum PSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer increases after 3 months of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment but does not correlate to the effects of hormonal treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lund University, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. goran.ahlgren@kir.mas.lu.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ahlgren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aus
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hugosson
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Abrahamsson
mesh_terms: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000032:analysis; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen