title: Subcutaneous adrenaline infiltration in paediatric burn surgery.
abstract: Paediatric burn surgery may be associated with significant blood loss and postoperative pain. To investigate methods of reducing these symptoms, we studied a prospective series of 29 children with small to medium sized burns. Presurgically both the burn wound and split skin graft donor sites were injected with a 1:500,000 adrenaline solution, to which bupivicaine had been added. No patient required blood transfusion and no patient developed systemic side effects from the injected solution. Four patients required parenteral analgesia, two in the immediate postoperative period and two at first dressing change. In all other patients pain was controlled with oral analgesia alone. Mean graft take in our series was 95%, indicating that this technique does not compromise burn depth assessment, nor impair graft survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Booth Hall Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beausang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Davenport
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002056:Burns / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D002045:Bupivacaine; D004837:Epinephrine