title: Clinical findings in Japanese children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: focus on dental findings.
abstract: We evaluated clinical findings including those on dentistry and in the oral cavity of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). This study examined twenty-seven OSA children, who were advised by otolaryngologists to be admitted for closer examination and showed an apnea index (AI) of 5 or more on polysomnographs. Their clinical history was obtained from their mothers, and oral findings were also evaluated. The patient consisted of 15 males (56%) and 12 females (44%). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 16.0 +/- 3.0. Of the clinical findings related to sleeping and the duration of sleeping, snoring was the most frequently observed finding (100%). The mean duration of sleep, calculated from the time they went to bed (9.2 +/- 0.8 p.m.) and the time they got up (7.1 +/- 0.8 a.m.), was 9.9 +/- 1.0 hours. Of the clinical findings obtained during the daytime, hyponasal speech was the most frequently observed finding (74%). In terms of dentistry, oral breathing was the most frequently observed finding (89%). The mean duration of meals was 31.7 +/- 13.8 minutes. Results of oral examination revealed that Hellman's dental age was most frequently IIA. According to the standardized grading classification, grade I was observed in 7%, II in 63%, and grade III in 30% of subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niikuni
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akasaka
mesh_terms: D000366:Age Determination by Teeth; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002012:Bruxism / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000150:complications; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009058:Mouth Breathing / Q000150:complications; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D017286:Polysomnography; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D012913:Snoring / Q000503:physiopathology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000150:complications*