title: Treatment of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma with topical 5-fluorouracil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone, without concurrent surgery or radiotherapy, for the treatment of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients affected by conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (three recurrent cases, three incompletely excised, and two untreated cases) were treated with 1% 5-FU eye drops. Topical 1% 5-FU was administered four times daily for 4 weeks (one course). Clinical examination (biomicroscopy and photography) and morphological evaluation of conjunctival cytological specimens were used to monitor the efficacy of local chemotherapy, side effects, and recurrences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients showed clinical regression of conjunctival carcinoma after topical 1% 5-FU treatment. Neoplastic conjunctiva was completely replaced by normal epithelium within 3 months. Mean follow up was 27 months. One patient needed two courses of local chemotherapy for recurrent disease. An acute transient toxic keratoconjunctivitis was observed in all treated cases; it was easily controlled with topical therapy. No long term side effects were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical 1% 5-FU is effective in the treatment of recurrent, incompletely excised, and selected untreated conjunctival squamous cell carcinomas. Topical 1% 5-FU has no major complications. This study suggests that topical conjunctival chemotherapy with 1% 5-FU may be useful, at least as adjunctive therapy, in the treatment of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Oncology Service, Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Midena
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Angeli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valenti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Belvis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boccato
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003230:Conjunctival Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005472:Fluorouracil