title: A randomized clinical trial comparing oral misoprostol with synthetic oxytocin or syntometrine in the third stage of labour.
abstract: This is a multicentre, blocked, randomized trial to compare the efficacy of oral misoprostol 400 microg with current injectable uterotonic agents (oxytocin/ Syntometrine) used prophylactically in the third stage of labour. Main outcome measures were blood loss, use of a second uterotonic agent and difference in haemoglobin level from antepartum to postpartum. Data analysis from 863 women showed a statistically significant increase in both the mean blood loss (p < 0.001) and the rate of postpartum haemorrhage > 500 mL, (RR 2.72: 95% C1 1.73-4.27) in the misoprostol group compared to the oxytocin/Syntometrine group. The use of a second uterotonic agent was higher in the misoprostol group (RR 2.89: 95% Cl 2.00-4.18) as well as a greater decrease in postpartum haemoglobin (p = 0.015). Oral misoprostol 400 microg is significantly less effective than the traditional intramuscular uterotonic agents currently used and therefore cannot be considered as a viable option to these agents in the management of the third stage of labour.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney at Nepean Hospital Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spurrett
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D004874:Ergonovine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007749:Labor Stage, Third; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D016595:Misoprostol; C038346:syntometrine; D010121:Oxytocin; D004874:Ergonovine