title: Biocatalysis in low-water media: understanding effects of reaction conditions.
abstract: The key role played by counter-ions with enzymes in low-water systems has become better appreciated with, for example, large effects on enantioselectivity. In low-dielectric media, counter-ions will associate strongly with charges in the protein or its substrates. Studies of temperature dependence have shown that hard-to-model entropies have a significant effect on behaviour, including enantioselectivity. Evidence has been presented that the supramolecular organisation of enzyme molecules can have important effects on behaviour, for example collapse of microstructure in cross-linked crystals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XW, UK. P.J.Halling@strath.ac.uk.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Halling
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008956:Models, Chemical; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water