title: Effects of base ingredient in cooked molasses blocks on intake and digestion of prairie hay by beef steers.
abstract: Twelve steers (332 kg) were used in three simultaneous 4 x 3 incomplete Latin squares to evaluate effects of beet molasses (BEET), cane molasses (CANE), or concentrated separator by-product (CSB) as base ingredients in cooked molasses blocks on intake and digestion of prairie hay and ruminal characteristics. All steers had ad libitum access to prairie hay (5.9% CP and 69.4% NDF; DM basis). The four experimental treatments included a control (no supplement) and three cooked molasses blocks, based on BEET, CANE, or CSB, fed daily at .125% of BW (.42 kg/d as-fed, .13 kg/d CP). Forage OM, NDF, and N intakes; digestible OM, NDF, and N intakes; and total tract OM and N digestibilities (percentage of intake) were greater (P < .05) for steers fed cooked molasses blocks than for control steers. Total tract OM digestibility was greater (P < or = .06) for steers fed BEET blocks (54.0%) than for those fed CSB (52.1%) or CANE blocks (52.2%). Digestion of NDF was greatest (P < .05) for steers fed BEET blocks (51.9%) and tended to be greater (P < .07) for steers fed CANE (49.3%) or CSB blocks (49.3%) than for control steers (46.9%). Ruminal ammonia concentrations were greater (P < .05) for steers fed cooked molasses blocks (.89 mM) than for control steers (.21 mM); this was primarily due to increases to 4.6 mM at 2 h postfeeding for steers fed blocks. Concentrations of total VFA in ruminal fluid were greater (P < .05) for steers fed BEET (92.7 mM) and CSB (88.1 mM) blocks than for control steers (80.3 mM), whereas concentrations for steers fed CANE blocks were intermediate (85.4 mM). Steers supplemented with cooked molasses blocks had greater molar percentages of butyrate than did control steers, particularly shortly after feeding. In summary, supplementation with cooked molasses blocks increased forage intake and digestion. The three base ingredients elicited similar responses, although steers fed BEET had slightly greater OM and NDF digestibilities than those fed CANE or CSB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-1600, USA.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Titgemeyer
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Drouillard
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D019663:Chenopodiaceae; D003296:Cooking; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008965:Molasses / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen