title: Improved long-term survival with combined modality therapy for pediatric nasopharynx cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nasopharynx cancer is a rare malignancy in childhood. This study aims to determine the role of chemotherapy, the optimal dose of radiation, and the long-term outcome for children with locoregional disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients [median age 14 (range: 12-20) years] were treated for Stage I-IVB nasopharynx cancer. Thirteen patients (39%) received radiotherapy alone and 20 patients (61%) had chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The median radiation dose to the primary tumor was 66 Gy (range: 54-72 Gy). The median follow-up time for surviving patients was 8.4 years (range: 0.5-23.6 years). RESUL TS: The actuarial 10-year locoregional relapse-free survival, distant metastases-free survival, and overall survival rates were 77%, 68%, and 58% , respectively. Locoregional control was improved for patients treated with radiation doses > 60 Gy compared to those receiving < or = 60 Gy (93% vs. 60%, p < 0.03). The addition of chemotherapy had no significant effect on locoregional control but did reduce the development of distant metastases (16% vs. 57%, p = 0.01). Combined modality therapy improved 10-year disease-free survival (84% vs. 35%, p < 0.01) and survival (78% vs. 33%, p < 0.05) over radiation alone. The 10-year actuarial rate of severe complications was 24%.60 Gy are used for gross disease. The addition of chemotherapy decreases the risk of distant metastases and increases survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. woldens@mskcc.org
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wolden
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Steinherz
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zelefsky
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wollner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin