title: Temperament and character inventory dimensions as a predictor of response to antidepressant treatment in major depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cloninger's theory of personality, including 4 temperament dimensions and 3 character dimensions, is one of the most noteworthy theories in recent years. Several studies have explored temperament dimensions as a predictor of response to antidepressant treatments in major depression, but these have provided inconsistent results. The present study explored temperament as well as character dimensions, as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), as possible predictors of response to maprotiline, the most-widely prescribed antidepressant in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  86 consecutive patients with major depression underwent a 16-week open trial of maprotiline. They filled out the TCI at baseline, and were followed up at weeks 8 and 16 by using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchial logistic regression analyses demonstrated that response to maprotiline was significantly predicted by the cooperativeness score at the 8-week outcome assessment, and by the self-directedness score at the 16-week outcome assessment, after controlling the possible effects of clinical variables on the response. There was no evidence that either temperament dimensions or their 2-way interactions significantly predicted the response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large replication studies with other antidepressants are needed for generalizing the results in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results in this study regarding temperament dimensions seem consistent with findings in previous studies, which are, as a whole, inconsistent with each other. It is suggested that character dimensions (particularly cooperativeness and self-directedness), rather than temperament dimensions, may be important predictors of response to antidepressants. Antidepressants may differ in the personality configurations that predict optimal responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyvoake City, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakado
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008376:Maprotiline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013694:Temperament
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D008376:Maprotiline