title: Experimental African trypanosomiasis: differences in cytokine and nitric oxide production by macrophages from resistant and susceptible mice.
abstract: Immunosuppression in experimental infections with Trypanosoma congolense is mediated by the synergistic action of macrophages and a novel lymphocyte(s), which involves the activity of IFN-gamma as well as IL-10. BALB/c mice are highly susceptible while C57Bl/6 mice are relatively resistant to T. congolense infections. Plasma and/or supernatants of spleen cell cultures of infected susceptible BALB/c mice have more IL-10 but less IL-12 than those of infected relatively resistant C57Bl/6 mice. Cells of a BALB/c macrophage cell line, when pulsed with T. congolense, produce more IL-10 and IL-6, but have less TNF-alpha mRNA, than equally treated cells of a C57Bl/6 cell line. Peritoneal and/or bone marrow-derived macrophages obtained from BALB/c mice, pulsed with T. congolense in culture, produce less nitric oxide, TNF-alpha and IL-12, but more IL-6 and IL-10 than equally treated macrophages isolated from C57Bl/6 mice. We suggest that genetic resistance to African trypanosomiasis is expressed at the level of the macrophage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tabel
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uzonna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014348:Trypanosoma congolense / Q000276:immunology; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009569:Nitric Oxide