title: Cancer chemoprevention: progress and promise.
abstract: Cancer chemoprevention is the use of agents to inhibit, delay or reverse carcinogenesis. The focus of chemoprevention research in the next millennium will include defining the genotypic and phenotypic (functional and histological) changes during carcinogenesis, the cancer risk conferred by these changes, their modulation in preclinical experimentation and randomised clinical trials by chemopreventive drugs, dietary agents and regimens and treatments resulting from early detection. The key elements of this research effort will be basic and translational risk evaluation programmes; chemopreventive and dietary agent drug discovery and development; development of transgenic animal models; required safety and pharmacology studies; well-designed phase I, II and III chemoprevention studies; and much expanded early detection programmes. The large number of chemoprevention research programmes now ongoing ensures that the promise of chemoprevention will continue to be realised in the next decade.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kelloffg@dcpcepn.nci.nih.gov
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kelloff
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sigman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Greenwald
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015195:Drug Design; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011634:Public Health; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor