title: Paleoparasitology of Chagas disease revaled by infected tissues from Chilean mummies.
abstract: Mummified tissues were sampled from bodies stored at the Museo Arqueologico de San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile, dated from 2000 years BP-1400 AD, and Trypanosoma cruzi DNA was recovered using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology. Amplification of the conserved region of the minicircle molecule of T. cruzi was achieved in four of the six samples tested. Amplified products corresponding to genetic fragments of the parasite were tested by hybridization experiments with positive results for T. cruzi specific molecular probe. The origin and dispersion of T. cruzi human infection is discussed as well as the molecular paleoparasitological approach, and what it may represent in an evolutionary perspective.
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ludovico@ensp.fiocruz.br
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Britto
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reinhard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history* / Q000469:parasitology; D002677:Chile; D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast / Q000032:analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D009106:Mummies / Q000469:parasitology*; D010164:Paleopathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast