title: Lack of endothelial nitric oxide synthase aggravates murine accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) radicals generated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) are involved in the regulation of vascular tone. In addition, NO radicals derived from eNOS inhibit platelet aggregation and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and, thus, may have anti-inflammatory effects. To study the role of eNOS in renal inflammation, the development of accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis was examined in mice lacking a functional gene for eNOS and compared with wild-type (WT) C57BL/B6j mice. WT C57BL/6j mice (n = 12) and eNOS knockout (-/-) mice (n = 12) were immunized intraperitoneally with sheep IgG (0.2 mg in complete Freund's adjuvant). At day 6.5 after immunization, mice received a single i.v. injection of sheep anti-mouse GBM (1 mg in 200 microl PBS). Mice were sacrificed at day 1 and 10 after induction of the disease. All WT mice survived until day 10, whereas 1 eNOS-/- mouse died and 2 more became moribund, requiring sacrifice. At day 10, eNOS-/- mice had higher levels of blood urea nitrogen than WT mice (P < 0.02), although proteinuria was comparable. Immunofluorescence microscopy documented similar IgG deposition in both WT and eNOS-/- mice, but eNOS-/- mice had more extensive glomerular staining for fibrin at day 10 (P < 0.007). At day 10, light microscopy demonstrated that eNOS-/- mice had more severe glomerular thrombosis (P < 0.003) and influx of neutrophils (P < 0. 006), but similar degrees of overall glomerular endocapillary hypercellularity and crescent formation. In conclusion, accelerated anti-GBM glomerulonephritis is severely aggravated in eNOS-/- mice, especially with respect to glomerular capillary thrombosis and neutrophil infiltration. These results indicate that NO radicals generated by eNOS play a protective role during renal inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7525, USA. Peter_Heeringa@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heeringa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Goor
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh-Lindstrom
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Assmann
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Kallenberg
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jennette
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019867:Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005337:Fibrin / Q000032:analysis; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D005337:Fibrin; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse