title: Computer planning for distraction osteogenesis.
abstract: Distraction osteogenesis of the mandible has found an application in the treatment of patients with a variety of different mandibular deformities. Compared with the relatively simple unidirectional distraction of long bones as described by Ilizarov, the three-dimensional distraction of the mandible is extremely complex. Whereas experience with orthognathic surgery clearly demonstrates that careful presurgical planning is necessary to achieve predictable outcomes, there are few reported methods for the planning of mandibular distraction. The authors have developed a method for planning distraction osteogenesis of the mandible that involves the use of three-dimensional modeling and animation to simulate distraction osteogenesis in virtual reality. The first step in the authors' treatment planning process is to obtain a three-dimensional computerized scan of the facial skeleton. From this scan, a three-dimensional wire-mesh model is built using animation software. With the same software, a virtual distractor is built and installed on the wire-mesh model. The osteotomies and the distraction process are then simulated. Finally, a recipe for sequencing the linear and angular changes of the distractor is calculated. The authors have used this planning process in seven patients (age range, 4 to 10 years): four with unilateral mandibular deformities and three with bilateral. The planning process has yielded predictable and reproducible results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gateño
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Teichgraeber
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aguilar
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003198:Computer Simulation; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography