title: B7.1 costimulation increases T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity via selective expansion of specific variable alpha and beta genes of the T-cell receptor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimal T-cell activation requires not only ligation of the T-cell receptor (TcR) but also delivery of costimulatory signals by various accessory molecules. The interaction of the costimulatory molecule B7.1 (CD80) with its receptor CD28 provides a strong positive signal to T cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The B7.1 gene was transduced into cultured human ovarian, breast, and pancreatic tumor cells by using a retroviral vector. Autologous as well as allogeneic naive T-cells were stimulated with either wild-type or B7.1-transduced tumor cells in a mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture (MLTC). In addition to cytolytic activity, T-cell proliferation, T-cell subset composition, and the frequencies of TcR variable (V) alpha and beta genes were compared in T cells from both types of MLTC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Introduction of the B7.1 gene into tumor cells was successful in all tumors to a varying degree. Those tumors expressing high levels of B7.1 induced significantly higher levels of T-cell proliferation than wild-type tumor cells. T-cell subset composition did not markedly differ between T cells stimulated with wild-type tumor cells or B7.1-expressing tumor cells. However, T cells stimulated with B7.1-expressing tumor cells showed a significantly increased cytolytic potential. The increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity was associated with a higher frequency of specific TcR V alpha and V beta genes. In addition, B7.1 costimulation promoted oligoclonality among the responding T cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that costimulation through B7.1 promotes T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic activity through clonal expansions of T cells bearing antigen-specific TcR V alpha and V beta genes and through promotion of oligoclonality. The data also suggest that promoting B7.1-mediated costimulation is an important aspect of immune therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Goedegebuure
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: von Bernstorff
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carritte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Spanjaard
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Eberlein
mesh_terms: D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000502:physiology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta