title: Efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine in children with detrusor hyperreflexia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the urodynamic effects and tolerability of the new antimuscarinic drug tolterodine in children with detrusor hyperreflexia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two children (12 boys and 10 girls; age range 3 months to 15 years, mean age 5.7 years) with detrusor hyperreflexia resulting in maximum detrusor pressures exceeding 40 cm H(2)O during filling cystotonometry were enrolled to receive tolterodine tartrate (a total of 0.1 mg/kg orally daily, divided into two doses) either as a first-line therapy (n = 12, group 1) or replacing oxybutynin chloride therapy (n = 10, group 2). Within 3 months, all patients underwent urodynamic re-evaluation during ongoing tolterodine treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1, the mean maximum bladder capacity increased from 120.2 to 173.0 mL (+44%), the mean detrusor compliance increased from 8.7 to 13.5 mL/cm H(2)O (+55%), and the mean maximum detrusor pressures decreased from 70.1 to 37.9 cm H(2)O (-46%); the differences were significant (P < 0.001). In group 2, no differences in the urodynamic effects of oxybutynin versus tolterodine were noted. Only 1 patient experienced a transient and moderately adverse effect with tolterodine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although based on a limited number of subjects, these data indicate that in pediatric patients with detrusor hyperreflexia, tolterodine may be better tolerated than and equally effective as the standard drug oxybutynin chloride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Benjamin Franklin Medical School, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goessl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauter
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bergé
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Staehler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003408:Cresols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate