title: Immunopharmacological and immunotoxicological activities of a water-soluble (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, CSBG from Candida spp.
abstract: We have established a convenient, two-step procedure to solubilize the yeast cell wall (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan using the combination of NaClO oxidation and DMSO extraction. Candida soluble beta-D-glucan (CSBG) was mainly composed of a linear beta-1,3 glucan with a linear beta-1,6-glucan moiety. In this study, we screened for several immunopharmacological activities of CSBG and found the following activities: (1) interleukin-6 synthesis of macrophages in vitro; (2) antagonistic effect for zymosan mediated-tumor necrosis factor synthesis of macrophages; (3) augmentation for lipopolysaccharide mediated tumor necrosis factor and nitrogen oxide syntheses of macrophages; (4) activation of alternative pathway of complement; (5) hematopoietic response on cyclophosphamide induced leukopenia; (6) the antitumor effect on ascites form tumor; (7) Enhanced vascular permeability; (8) priming effect on lipopolysaccharide triggered TNF-alpha synthesis; and (9) adjuvant effect on antibody production. These results strongly suggested that CSBG possessed various immunopharmacological activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokunaka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yadomae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002175:Candida / Q000737:chemistry*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D012510:Sarcoma 180 / Q000188:drug therapy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D047071:beta-Glucans
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D047071:beta-Glucans; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; C033363:beta-1,3-glucan