title: Lateral subcutaneous brow lift and interbrow muscle resection: clinical experience and anatomic studies.
abstract: The authors report consistent improvement in 65 patients with lateral brow ptosis by using a lateral subcutaneous brow lift at the temporal hairline. In 48 of these patients, vertical glabellar wrinkles were improved by the direct excision of procerus, corrugator, and orbicularis muscles through 3-mm medial brow incisions. Anatomic dissections in 10 cadavers and examinations of 50 skulls were used to study the location of the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves. Dissections revealed that the supratrochlear nerve was never closer than 1.6 cm to the midline at the level of the supraorbital ridge. In no dissection was a supratrochlear foramen noted. Lateral subcutaneous brow lift was consistently successful in elevating the lateral brow. In no patient was nerve damage to the supraorbital nerve noted. In most patients, the temporal hairline was improved by excising a triangle of balding scalp. Through 3-mm medial brow incisions, the interbrow musculature can be excised by using a small rongeur in an area 3.2 cm wide without risk of nerve damage, improving vertical glabellar wrinkles.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif, 90095-6960, USA. millerlab@hotmail.com
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rudkin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elahi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*