title: P2 Purinoceptor expression and functional changes of hypoxia-activated cultured rat retinal microglia.
abstract: P(2) purinoceptors appear to modulate microglia function, but their role in hypoxic microglia has not been investigated. We examined in postnatal rat retinal microglia cultured under hypoxic (1% oxygen) condition, their P2 expression, proliferation and cytokine release in the presence or absence of the P2 receptor agonists and antagonists. Fura-2 fluorescence measurements of intracellular Ca(2+) rises to P2 receptor agonists and antagonists indicated that both P(2U) and P(2Z) were expressed in hypoxic microglia. Hypoxia induced BrdU incorporation and release of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) as well. The P(2U) agonist, UTP, maintained the BrdU incorporation, whereas the P(2Z) agonist, BzATP, suppressed it, but significantly enhanced IL-1beta and TNF-alpha release, suggesting that the P(2U) response may underlie the mitotic activity, and that of P(2Z), the IL-1beta and TNF-alpha release of hypoxia-activated microglia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan. km@phys2.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morigiwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; C546470:P2rx7 protein, rat; C546387:P2ry2 protein, rat; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002118:Calcium