Resistance profile of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir (1592U89) after monotherapy and combination therapy. CNA2001 Investigative Group.
Abacavir (1592U89) is a nucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Resistance to abacavir was studied with abacavir alone and with abacavir in combination with other nucleoside analogues in cell culture, in virus isolates from zidovudine/lamivudine clinical trials, and in the first dose-escalating 12-week clinical trial (CNA2001) to evaluate abacavir clinical potency. Abacavir alone in vitro selected for mutations at HIV RT codons K65R, L74V, Y115F, and M184V. However, abacavir combined with zidovudine selected against virus with the M184V mutation. Abacavir therapy in vivo resulted in large decreases in HIV load (>1 log), even in 1 subject who had the M184V mutation at baseline. A total of 51% of subjects showed new mutations at any of codons K65R, L74V, and M184V after abacavir monotherapy, compared with 11% who received zidovudine/abacavir. Small changes (2- to 4-fold) in abacavir susceptibility were detected. On stopping therapy, reselection of the pretherapy sequence occurred within 4 weeks.
Harrigan
P R
PR
Clinical Virology, GlaxoWellcome Research and Development, Stevenage, United Kingdom.
Stone
C
C
Griffin
P
P
Nájera
I
I
Bloor
S
S
Kemp
S
S
Tisdale
M
M
Larder
B
B
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003062:Codon; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000099227:Abacavir
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D003062:Codon; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D015215:Zidovudine; D000099227:Abacavir