title: Mutation of histidine 286 of the human P2X4 purinoceptor removes extracellular pH sensitivity.
abstract: 1. Effects of external pH on the human P2X4 purinoceptor, an ATP-activated ion channel, were studied using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. 2. Changing the external pH from 7.4 to 6.5 significantly reduced, whilst an increase to pH 8 enhanced, maximum ATP-activated current amplitude, without changing the current- voltage relationship of the ATP-activated current. 3. Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC; 10 mM) treatment of P2X4-injected oocytes had no effect on the pH sensitivity of the ATP-activated current. 4. Site-directed mutagenesis of histidine 286 (H286) to alanine completely abolished the pH sensitivity of the P2X4 receptor at all agonist concentrations. ATP potency showed a small (fourfold) leftward shift. Mutagenesis of the other three histidines present in the P2X4 sequence had no effect on pH sensitivity. 5. The results show that pH modulation of P2X4 in the pathophysiological range is mediated by protonation of H286. This provides direct confirmation that pH sensitivity resides in the P2X4 channel protein rather than the agonist species.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neuroscience, Biotechnology and Genetics and Medicinal Chemistry Research, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW, UK.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Benham
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Meadows
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004047:Diethyl Pyrocarbonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology*; D009865:Oocytes; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D058848:Receptors, Purinergic P2X4; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: C548226:P2RX4 protein, human; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058848:Receptors, Purinergic P2X4; D006859:Hydrogen; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004047:Diethyl Pyrocarbonate