title: Propylthiouracil reduces xenograft tumor growth in an athymic nude mouse prostate cancer model.
abstract: METHODS
  Several anecdotal reports indicate that cancer may occasionally remain in a dormant state for prolonged periods in patients with hypothyroidism. Once the hypothyroid state is recognized and supplementation therapy with thyroid hormones is initiated, disease progression occurs. In this experiment, 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) was added to the water of athymic nude mice. The animals were subsequently inoculated with cells from a human prostate cancer cell line.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The growth rate of subcutaneously implanted prostate xenografts was significantly slower in mice treated with PTU compared with mice that did not receive PTU. In a separate experiment, tritiated thymidine incorporation assays were performed in DU145 and PC3 human prostate cancer cells with and without PTU. No significant differences were observed, indicating that PTU did not exert any antitumor effect in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that PTU inhibits the growth of human prostate tumors in nude mice via an indirect effect. This antitumor effect may be caused by hypothyroidism. This is the first in vivo study suggesting potential therapeutic applications for thyroid hormone manipulations in human cancer of the prostate. Further studies will determine growth kinetics of xenotransplanted prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. PTU-induced hypothyroidism may be further explored in conjunction with other antineoplastic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Theodossiou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwarzenberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011441:Propylthiouracil / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013936:Thymidine; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003287:Contrast Media; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D013936:Thymidine