title: Sucralfate in the prevention of treatment-induced diarrhea in patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group phase III double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Randomized studies have suggested that sucralfate is effective in mitigating diarrhea during pelvic radiation therapy (RT). This North Central Cancer Treatment Group study was undertaken to confirm the antidiarrheal effect of sucralfate. Several other measures of bowel function were also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients receiving pelvic RT to a minimum of 45 Gy at 1.7 to 2.1 Gy/d were eligible for the study. Patients were assigned randomly, in double-blind fashion, to receive sucralfate (1.5 g orally every 6 hours) or an identical looking placebo during pelvic RT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty-three patients were randomly assigned and found assessable. Overall, there was no significant difference in patient characteristics between those receiving sucralfate and those receiving placebo. Moderate or worse diarrhea was observed in 53% of patients receiving sucralfate versus 41% of those receiving placebo. Compared with patients receiving placebo, more sucralfate-treated patients reported fecal incontinence (16% v 34%, respectively; P =. 04) and need for protective clothing (8% v 23%, respectively; P =. 04). The incidence and severity of nausea were worse among those taking sucralfate (P =.03). Analysis of patient-reported symptoms 10 to 12 months after RT showed a nonsignificant trend toward more problems in patients taking sucralfate than in those taking placebo (average, 2.3 v 1.9 problems, respectively; P =.34).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sucralfate did not decrease pelvic RT-related bowel toxicity by any of the end points measured and seems to have aggravated some gastrointestinal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martenson
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bollinger
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Urias
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Michalak
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Shanahan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mailliard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levitt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010386:Pelvic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013392:Sucralfate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals; D013392:Sucralfate