title: The influence of different types of antibodies on in vitro fertilization results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The influence of anti-sperm (ASA), anti-phospholipid (APA), and antizonal (AZA) antibodies on in vitro fertilization (IVF) results and the need for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four couples with infertility of immunologic origin were investigated. ASA in serum and ovulatory mucus were studied by a tray agglutination test (TAT) and indirect mixed anti-globulin reaction test (MAR) test, AZA were studied by passive hemagglutination and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; BioGen, Germany), and APA were tested by ELISAs in immunoglobulin isotypes IgG and IgM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Because of failed or very low fertilization after standard IVF in the previous cycle, ICSI had to be used in five out of 15 cases with ASA (33.3%), in 16 out of 18 couples with AZA (89.4%), and in only one case if APA were present (9%). Clinical pregnancy rate was 60% in cases with ASA, 38.5% with AZA, and 27.3% per embryo transfer (ET) if APA were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunologic infertility can be treated by IVF with very good results. The most important group are women with AZA, in whom IVF ICSI without any delay is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Institute Pronatal, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mardesic
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ulcova-Gallova
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huttelova
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voboril
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hulvert
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000378:metabolism; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D007246:Infertility / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology; D015044:Zona Pellucida / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D001323:Autoantibodies