Interaction between antioxidants and hydroquinone/bisphenol.
We have investigated the stability of semiquinone radical (SQ .) produced from the mixture of hydroquinone (HQ) and bisphenol A (BPA) in the presence of various antioxidants, some of which induce apoptosis in tumor cell lines. BPA produced no detectable amount of ESR signal. The acceleration of HQ oxidation by BPA results in the production of SQ .. The BPA-enhanced SQ . production may occur through either SQ. regeneration by electron transfer from BPA working as an antioxidant or the O2- scavenging activity of BPA. SQ . intensity of HQ/BPA was reduced by lower concentrations of sodium ascorbate, epigallocatechin, gallate and quercetin, but significantly enhanced by gallic acid. The initial SQ . was replaced by the radicals of antioxidants except lignin and salicylic acid, at higher concentrations, due to their radical-radical coupling or dismutation process. Among these compounds, gallic acid enhanced the radical intensity of SQ . to the greatest extent. The results suggest that antioxidants from foods suppress the activity of xenobiotics such as HQ, however, they produce their own radical at higher concentrations, suggesting their bimodal actions. The present study demonstrates the usefulness of ESR spectroscopy for the interaction between HQ/BPA and antioxidants.
Satoh
K
K
Analysis Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Ida
Y
Y
Tomioka
M
M
Shiohara
K
K
Sakagami
H
H
Fujisawa
S
S
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D000975:Antioxidants; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006873:Hydroquinones; D010636:Phenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C031927:hydroquinone