title: A nonionic block co-polymer adjuvant (CRL1005) enhances the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine in young and aged mice.
abstract: The use of adjuvants is one approach to improve influenza vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, particularly in aged populations. The response of BALB/c mice to subcutaneously administered formalin-inactivated whole influenza virus vaccine in the presence or absence of a nonionic block copolymer adjuvant CRL1005 was evaluated. In young adult naïve mice, the copolymer adjuvant significantly enhanced virus-specific IgG and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody responses and augmented the production of IL-2 following vaccination. Influenza vaccine formulated with 2.5 mg CRL1005 significantly enhanced the protective efficacy of the inactivated vaccine in the upper and lower respiratory tract. In mice previously infected with influenza virus or naïve aged mice, inactivated vaccine administered with the copolymer adjuvant substantially enhanced the serum HI antibody response to inactivated influenza vaccine and significantly reduced lung virus titers following subsequent challenge with live virus compared with mice administered vaccine alone. These results suggest that the copolymer adjuvant warrants further investigation as a potential adjuvant for use in human vaccination against influenza.
authors.affiliation: Influenza Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. jmk9@cdc.gov
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000145:classification; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011108:Polymers; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C113154:CRL 1005; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D011108:Polymers; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated