title: TNF-alpha and IL-8 in consecutive sputum samples from cystic fibrosis patients during antibiotic treatment.
abstract: Proinflammatory cytokines in sputum are useful markers of the activity of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentrations in sputum of 10 CF patients were determined during exacerbation and IL-8 in sputum of 48 patients at a yearly follow-up when patients were in optimal clinical condition. In 9 patients of the former group, TNF-alpha levels were increased during exacerbation. In 4 patients, the peak occurred within 2 d (median value > 1500 ng/l), whereas the remaining 5 had peak values on days 3-6 (median value 720 ng/l). IL-8 levels were > 800 microg/l in all 10 patients, and in 9 cases there was a positive correlation between IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Baseline IL-8 levels of 48 patients showed considerable variation (median 207 microg/l, range 1.5-392). There was a significant correlation between IL-8 concentrations and current colonization with either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus in the lower airways (p = 0.002), immunoglobulin G levels (p = 0.02) and the severity of the pathological findings shown by chest X-ray (p = 0.008). High IL-8 and TNF-alpha values correlated with symptoms of deterioration. IL-8 levels seemed to be markers of both current bacterial colonization and the degree of lung damage.
authors.affiliation: Stockholm Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Sweden.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karpati
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Hjelte
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wretlind
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000276:immunology; D011859:Radiography; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D013183:Sputum / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha