title: Characterization of the synthesis and release of catecholamine in the rat carotid body in vitro.
abstract: The aim of this work was to determine contents and turnover rates for dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) and to identify the catecholamine (CA) released during stimulation of the rat carotid body (CB). Turnover rates and the release of CA were measured in an in vitro preparation using a combination of HPLC and radioisotopic methods. Mean rat CB levels of DA and NE were 209 and 45 pmol/mg tissue, respectively. With [(3)H]tyrosine as precursor, rat CB synthesized [(3)H]CA in a time- and concentration-dependent manner; calculated turnover times for DA and NE were 5.77 and 11.4 h, respectively. Hypoxia and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate significantly increased [(3)H]CA synthesis. In normoxia, rat CB released [(3)H]DA and [(3)H]NE in a ratio of 5:1, comparable to that of the endogenous tissue CA. Hypoxia and high K(+) preferentially released [(3)H]DA, nicotine preferentially released [(3)H]NE, and acidic stimuli released both amines in proportion to tissue content. Release of [(3)H]CA induced by hypoxia and high K(+) was nearly fully dependent on extracellular Ca(2+), whereas basal normoxic release was not altered by removal of Ca(2+) from the incubating solution. We conclude that the rat CB is an organ with higher levels of DA than NE that preferentially releases DA or NE in a stimulus-specific manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vicario
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rigual
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obeso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002344:Carotid Body / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014316:Tritium; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014316:Tritium; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D014443:Tyrosine; D009538:Nicotine; D011188:Potassium; D004298:Dopamine; D004837:Epinephrine