title: Urgent transjugular retrograde obliteration for prophylaxis of rebleeding from gastric varices in patients with a spontaneous portosplenorenal shunt.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bleeding isolated gastric varices with a spontaneous portosplenorenal shunt are difficult to control. The urgent use of transjugular retrograde obliteration (TJO) to prevent early rebleeding and to improve early mortality has not yet been demonstrated. We report our experience with this technique in patients with isolated gastric varices after treatment of acute bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed our experience of 6 patients with isolated gastric varices with a spontaneous portosplenoral shunt treated with TJO after treatment of acute bleeding. We basically applied endoscopic glue embolization using cyanoacrylate monomer for treatment of acute bleeding. TJO was a method using an occlusive balloon catheter to control a spontaneous portosplenorenal shunt flow while injecting sclerosant retrograde into the gastric varices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of acute bleeding was achieved immediately by endoscopic glue embolization, endoscopic variceal ligation, and ligating the varices with sutures following anterior gastrotomy in 4, 1 and 1 patients, respectively, and then TJO was performed. Permanent hemostasis and variceal eradication was achieved in these 6, and they all survived. They were alive for 6-66 months without gastric variceal recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that urgent TJO is effective in the prophylaxis of early and late rebleeding from isolated gastric varices in patients with a spontaneous portosplenorenal shunt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kuniyoshi Hospital, Kochi, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chikamori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuniyoshi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takase
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011168:Portal System / Q000473:pathology*; D012008:Recurrence