title: Which temperamental characteristics are associated with substance use in subjects with psychotic and mood disorders?
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the associations between substance use disorders and temperamental characteristics in subjects with non-affective psychotic disorders or mood disorders. Consecutively hospitalized patients were interviewed with a structured diagnostic interview to define DSM-IV diagnoses, including those of substance use. Temperamental characteristics were measured using the Sensation-Seeking Scale (SSS), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) and the Physical Anhedonia Scale. Inpatients (n=103) with non-affective psychotic disorders (n=45) or mood disorders (n=58) were included. Among these patients, 25.2% presented with a lifetime (LT) history of alcohol abuse/dependence and 23.3% presented with a LT history of cannabis abuse/dependence. A LT history of alcohol misuse was independently associated with higher scores at the 'experience seeking' and 'disinhibition' subscales of the SSS. A LT history of cannabis misuse was independently associated with higher scores on the 'disinhibition' subscale of the SSS and on the 'non-planning activity' subscale of the BIS. These results suggest that sensation-seeking and impulsivity are temperamental characteristics that may favor substance use in patients with psychotic or mood disorders, independently from categorical diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Hôpital Charles Perrens, 121 rue de la Béchade, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liraud
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Verdoux
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012494:Sampling Studies; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D013694:Temperament