title: Tobacco withdrawal in women and menstrual cycle phase.
abstract: Because negative mood is a characteristic of both tobacco withdrawal and menstrual discomfort, withdrawal may vary by menstrual cycle phase. Tobacco withdrawal, mood, and menstrual discomfort were assessed in premenopausal women who quit smoking during either the follicular (Days 1-14 postmenstrual onset; n = 41) or luteal (Day 15 or longer postmenstrual onset; n = 37) phase of the menstrual cycle and maintained biochemically verified smoking abstinence during the postquit week. Women quitting during the luteal phase reported significantly greater increases in tobacco withdrawal and self-reported depressive symptoms than women quitting during the follicular phase. These results indicate that selecting a quit-smoking day early in the follicular phase may attenuate withdrawal and negative affect in premenopausal female smokers.
authors.affiliation: U Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Michele
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1054-3856
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: Saul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: Delia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: D'Amico
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keins
authors.forename: Jacquelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ashcom
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000523:psychology; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology