title: Investigation on fungicide residues in greenhouse-grown strawberries.
abstract: Maximum residue limits (MRL's) for different agricultural food products in Norway are harmonized with EU standards. In field-grown strawberries in Norway, tolylfluanid has a 7 day quarantine from last application to harvest, while other approved fungicides have 14 days quarantine. Greenhouse production of strawberries is newly introduced to the country. Residue levels in strawberries of the cultivar Korona grown in a commercial greenhouse were investigated 4, 7, and 14 days after application of eight different fungicides at rates recommended by the manufacturers and at half rates. Iprodione, tolylfluanid, and vinclozolin were tested in two experiments, while chinomethionat, chlorothalonil, imazalil, penconazole, and triadimefon were tested once. For chinomethionat, imazalil, iprodione, penconazole, and vinclozolin, the residue levels were below MRL 2 weeks after application. Application of triadimefon in normal rate gave residues below MRL 14 days after application. However, its metabolite, triadimenol, was above MRL at the same time. Tolylfluanid gave very high residue levels, and except from half concentration in the second experiment, all other residue levels were above MRL. Seven days after application, residues in both experiments were approximately 3 times higher than MRL when normal rate of tolylfluanid was applied. For chlorothalonil at the recommended rate, the residue level was above MRL at any sampling time, while half rate gave residues below MRL 14 days after treatment. In view of the present results, tolylfluanid, chlorothalonil, and triadimefon will need longer time from last application to harvest and/or reduced application rates in greenhouse-grown compared to field-grown strawberries. In addition or as an alternative, recommended rates could be lowered.
authors.affiliation: The Norwegian Crop Research Institute, Pesticide Laboratory, Osloveien 1, 1430 As, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stensvand
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christiansen
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005524:Food Technology; D005638:Fruit; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010935:Plant Diseases
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010573:Pesticide Residues