title: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation and living related donor renal transplantation in patients with diabetes: is there a difference in survival?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcome of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) and living related donor renal transplantation (LRD) in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It remains unanswered whether diabetic patients with end-stage renal failure are better served by LRD or SPK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a longitudinal database, data from all diabetic patients receiving LRD or cadaveric renal transplants or SPKs from January 1986 through January 1996 were analyzed. Patient and graft survival, early graft function, and the cause of patient and graft loss were compared for 43 HLA-identical LRDs, 87 haplotype-identical LRDs, 379 SPKs, and 296 cadaveric renal transplants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic composition of the SPK and LRD groups were similar, but because of less strict selection criteria in the cadaveric transplant group, patients were 10 years older, more patients received dialysis, and patients had been receiving dialysis longer before transplantation. Patient survival was similar for the SPK and LRD groups but was significantly lower for the cadaveric renal transplant group. Similarly, there was no difference in graft survival between SPK and LRD recipients, but it was significantly lower for recipients in the cadaveric renal transplant group. Delayed graft function was significantly more common in the cadaveric renal transplant group. Discharge creatinine, the strongest predictor of patient and graft survival, was highest in the SPK group and lowest in the HLA-identical LRD group. The rate of rejection within the first year was greatest in SPK patients (77%), intermediate in the haplotype-identical LRD and cadaveric transplant groups (57% and 48%, respectively), and lowest (16%) in the HLA-identical LRD group. Cardiovascular disease was the primary cause of death for all groups. Acute rejection, chronic rejection, and death with a functioning graft were the predominant causes of graft loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that there was no difference in patient or graft survival in diabetic patients receiving LRD or SPK transplants. However, graft and patient survival rates in diabetic recipients of cadaveric renal transplants were significantly lower than in the other groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792-7375, USA.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Rayhill
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Odorico
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Knechtle
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Pirsch
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Heisey
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van der Werf
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Sollinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002102:Cadaver; D002423:Cause of Death; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000401:mortality; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019520:Living Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome