title: Effect of irrigating solution and irrigation temperature on the cornea and pupil during phacoemulsification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of irrigation solution and temperature on pupil diameter, corneal endothelium, and corneal pachymetry during and after phacoemulsification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Klinik Dardenne, Bonn, Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients who had cataract surgery by phacoemulsification were assigned to 1 of 4 cross-classified groups and had intraoperative irrigation with room-temperature or refrigerated fortified balanced salt solution (BSS Plus) or modified Ringer's solution. Pupil diameters were recorded at different stages during the surgery. Epithelial cell counts and pachymetry were determined before and 1 day after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The solution temperature did not affect any parameter. The type of solution did not influence endothelial cell loss; however, the solution had a significant effect on corneal pachymetry 1 day postoperatively. The corneas irrigated with BSS Plus were less swollen than the corneas irrigated with Ringer's solution. By day 14, corneal thickness was equal among all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term results were equally favorable in all 4 groups. However BSS Plus induced less short-term corneal swelling than Ringer's solution. From these findings, it appears that BSS Plus may decrease corneal risk in cases with compromised corneas or prolonged surgery.
authors.affiliation: Klinik Dardenne, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Joussen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cubuk
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002452:Cell Count; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D012449:Safety; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C013003:glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer solution; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D005978:Glutathione