title: Effects of amphetamines and small related molecules on recovery after stroke in animals and man.
abstract: Drugs modulating the levels of specific central neurotransmitters may influence both the rate and amount of functional recovery after focal brain injuries such as stroke. Because such drugs may be effective long after brain injury, the "therapeutic window" may be widened beyond the first few hour after stroke and an entirely new avenue for pharmacological intervention may be possible. The impact of drugs affecting norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid have been among the most extensively studied in the laboratory, and preliminary clinical data suggest similar effects in humans.
authors.affiliation: Box 3651, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. golds004@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D009638:Norepinephrine