title: The pyridinyl imidazole inhibitor SB203580 blocks phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity, protein kinase B phosphorylation, and retinoblastoma hyperphosphorylation in interleukin-2-stimulated T cells independently of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
abstract: Pyridinyl imidazole inhibitors, particularly SB203580, have been widely used to elucidate the roles of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (p38/HOG/SAPKII) in a wide array of biological systems. Studies by this group and others have shown that SB203580 can have antiproliferative activity on cytokine-activated lymphocytes. However, we recently reported that the antiproliferative effects of SB203580 were unrelated to p38 MAP kinase activity. This present study now shows that SB203580 can inhibit the key cell cycle event of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation in interleukin-2-stimulated T cells. Studies on the proximal regulator of this event, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PKB)(Akt/Rac) kinase pathway, showed that SB203580 blocked the phosphorylation and activation of PKB by inhibiting the PKB kinase, phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1. The concentrations of SB203580 required to block PKB phosphorylation (IC(50) 3-5 microM) are only approximately 10-fold higher than those required to inhibit p38 MAP kinase (IC(50) 0.3-0.5 microM). These data define a new activity for this drug and would suggest that extreme caution should be taken when interpreting data where SB203580 has been used at concentrations above 1-2 microM.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: F V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Lali
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Foxwell
mesh_terms: D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D007376:Interleukin-2; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011725:Pyridines; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; C578564:Pdpk1 protein, mouse; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580