title: Morning increase of whole blood viscosity in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to increased vascular risk are still matter of debate. A relative morning hyperviscosity could be one of the leading mechanisms of cardiovascular morbidity which is actually known to be especially high in the morning hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole blood viscosity (WBV) at seven shear rates, ranging from 0.47 to 118 sec(-1), haematocrit (Hct), and plasma fibrinogen (F) concentration, were measured on venous blood samples in 12 patients with OSAS and in 8 healthy controls at 8-9 p.m. and at 7-8 a.m. the morning after. WBV values were normalized on Hct by the computation of the standardised normal deviate z on the normal database of the laboratory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No changes were observed in controls. Hct, F and normalized WBV (independently from Hct changes) significantly increased in the morning hours in OSAS patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Viscosity of whole blood increases in the morning in OSAS patients but not in healthy controls. This condition may be related to the increased susceptibility to cerebral ischemia in patients affected by OSAS, particularly evident in the early morning.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Motor Sciences (Center for Sleep Medicine), University of Genoa, Ospedale S. Martino, Genova, Italy. nblino@dism.unige.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nobili
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schiavi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bozano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Carli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrillo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nobili
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001809:Blood Viscosity / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010953:Plasma Volume; D017286:Polysomnography; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D005340:Fibrinogen