Checkpoints controlling mitosis.
Each year many reviews deal with checkpoint control.((1-5)) Here we discuss checkpoint pathways that control mitosis. We address four checkpoint systems in depth: budding yeast DNA damage, the DNA replication checkpoint, the spindle assembly checkpoint and the mammalian G2 topoisomerase II-dependent checkpoint. A main focus of the review is the organization of these checkpoint pathways. Recent work has elucidated the order-of-function of several checkpoint components, and has revealed that the S phase, DNA damage and spindle assembly checkpoints each have at least two parallel branches. These steps forward have largely come from kinetic studies of checkpoint-defective mutants.
Clarke
D J
DJ
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. duncs@scripps.edu
Giménez-Abián
J F
JF
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D016196:S Phase; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000502:physiology
D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II