title: Adoptive immunotherapy of advanced solid tumors: an eight year clinical experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adoptive immunotherapy (AI) of cancer, based upon the injection of in vitro manipulated autologous lymphocytes is still in an experimental phase. Our group started different clinical trials of AI in early 1990, and, at present, some specific targets for this approach seem to have been identified.
  
  
  METHODS
  296 patients with solid tumors (melanoma, kidney carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, mesothelioma, neoplastic pleural effusion, and liver cancer) were treated with either locoregional or systemic adoptive immunotherapy (AI) using both LAK and TIL cells in combination with s.c. rIL-2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surgery/AI combination resulted in good clinical results, characterized by enhanced survival and long lasting disease free periods in a significant number of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AI seems to be efficacious in the treatment of melanoma, lung and hepatic cancers. Further studies will expand the application of the treatment to other malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Immunoterapia Cellulare, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Semino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Queirolo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cangemi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alloisio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferlazzo
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sertoli
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Reali
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Ratto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melioli
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000637:transplantation*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000637:transplantation*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2