title: [Identification of prognostic parameters for renal cell carcinoma by cDNA arrays and cell chips].
abstract: We report here an example of how the combined application of cDNA and tumor array can lead to the identification of a novel prognostic marker within a very short time. A cDNA array analysis was performed on 5184 cDNA clones on a filter to screen for genes with differential expression between the renal cancer cell line CRL-1933 and normal kidney tissue to identify genes with relevance in RCC. There were 89 differentially expressed genes in the cancer cell line, one of them coding for vimentin, a cytoplasmic intermediate filament. To determine the in vivo prevalence and prognostic significance of vimentin expression, a renal cancer tissue micro array containing 532 RCC specimen was constructed and vimentin expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Vimentin expression was frequently seen in clear-cell (51%) and papillary RCC (61%), but rarely in chromophobe RCC (4%) and oncocytomas (12%). These results obtained from minute arrayed tumor samples match with previous findings on vimentin expression in renal tumors. Furthermore, vimentin expression was significantly associated with poor patient prognosis (p < 0.007) independently of grade and stage. These results suggest that tissue microarray analysis provides a rapid and powerful method to determine the prevalence and prognostic significance of novel candidate genes discovered to be involved in cancer development with large-scale cDNA expression arrays. The tissue array can be adapted as a routine tool in research laboratories for analyses of large tumor series at the DNA, RNA or protein level. With such a tool, cancer researchers can study vast numbers of tumor samples in a short time and can generate a wealth of data on the application of tumor markers.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie und Klinik für Urologie, Universität Basel, Schweiz.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schraml
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bubendorf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirlacher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kononen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mihatsch
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Kallioniemi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sauter
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014746:Vimentin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D014746:Vimentin