title: Effects of Olea europea var. oleaster leaves in hypercholesterolemic insulin-resistant sand rats.
abstract: Sand rats fed a hypercaloric diet manifest obesity and diabetes. We have used this model to develop hypercholesterolaemia and describe the beneficial action of Olea europea var. oleaster leaves. Twenty-eight sand rats submitted to a high cholesterol diet for four months were assigned to control and treated groups. Plant decoction at 10 per cent was given orally for two months. Results showed that the control group exhibited hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolaemia and moderate hyperinsulinaemia. Light microscopic study showed thickening of capillary walls in skin, pancreas and kidney. The treatment produced hypoglycaemic (43 per cent, p < 0.001), antihyperglycaemic (48 per cent, p < 0.001) and hypoinsulinaemic (39 per cent, p < 0.01) activities. In addition, the plant presented a hypocholesterolaemic effect (47 per cent, p < 0.001) accompanied by lowering of oxidized LDL (30 per cent, p < 0.01). Accordingly, capillary wall thickening was reduced in skin and pancreas and completely prevented in kidney. The data demonstrate that oleaster leaves possess at least two active compounds to treat hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Med V, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bennani-Kabchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fdhil
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cherrah
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kehel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: el Bouayadi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amarti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saïdi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marquié
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000633:toxicity; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005849:Gerbillinae; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000098:blood supply; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase