Resistance profiles in patients with viral rebound on potent antiretroviral therapy.
The prevalence of phenotypic drug resistance was assessed in 60 patients with a viral rebound after they received a protease inhibitor (PI)- or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimen (baseline). Resistance testing was done within 36 weeks of viral rebound; no resistance testing was available at baseline. All patients had previously received zidovudine; 86.0% had received lamivudine. In total, 45.1% of the patients had strains resistant to the PI that they started and 88.9% given nevirapine had strains with reduced susceptibility to that drug. Overall, 46 patients (76.7%) harbored a strain resistant to >/=1 drug of their initial PI- or NNRTI-containing regimen. Of 53 patients who remained on treatment at the time of the study (40 had switched to a different combination from that at baseline), 6 harbored isolates susceptible to all drugs they had ever received. Thus, patients with viral rebound while on potent antiretroviral therapy usually have reduced susceptibility to >/=1 drug. Viral rebound also occurs in persons in whom resistant strains could not be detected by the assay used.
Cozzi Lepri
A
A
Royal Free Centre for HIV Medicine and Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Sabin
C A
CA
Staszewski
S
S
Hertogs
K
K
Müller
A
A
Rabenau
H
H
Phillips
A N
AN
Miller
V
V
D004351:Drug Resistance; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors