title: [Antiviral effect of (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl) cytosine on adenovirus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adenovirus is the most frequent causative virus of conjunctivitis in Japan. Recently (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl) cytosine (HPMPC) has been promoted as a new drug against adenoviral conjunctivitis. So we examined the antiviral activity of HPMPC against adenoviruses in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antiviral activity of HPMPC against adenovirus (Ad) type 3, type 4, type 19, and type 37 isolated from conjunctivial scrapings in Japan and the prototype of adenovirus type 5 was examined by plaque reduction assay using A 549 cells in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) of HP-MPC was 3.50 (1.44-4.79) micrograms/ml for Ad type 3, 4.50 (4.17-4.92) micrograms/ml for Ad type 4, 2.11 (1.03-3.13) micrograms/ml for Ad type 5, 1.64 (1.40-2.02) micrograms/ml for Ad type 19, and 2.02 (1.17-2.73) micrograms/ml for type 37. The 50% cytotoxic dose of HPMPC for A 549 cells was 205 micrograms/ml by the deoxythimidine uptake inhibition test, and 537 micrograms/ml by the trypan blue exclusion inhibition test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPMPC proved to be highly effective in inhibiting replication of adenoviruses at lower concentrations than the cytotoxic level in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Test Development Department, Mitsubishi Kagaku Bio-Clinical Laboratories, INC, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiko
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Inagawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000187:drug effects*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D003596:Cytosine; D000077404:Cidofovir