title: ZD4190: an orally active inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling with broad-spectrum antitumor efficacy.
abstract: There is evidence that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contributes to solid tumor growth through the promotion of both angiogenesis and tumor vascular permeability. To abrogate VEGF signaling, we developed a small molecular weight inhibitor of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity that was compatible with chronic oral administration. ZD4190, a substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline, is a potent inhibitor of KDR and Flt-1 RTK activity, and VEGF stimulated HUVEC proliferation in vitro. Chronic once-daily oral dosing of ZD4190 to young rats produced a dose-dependent increase in the femoral epiphyseal growth plate area, which may be attributed to the inhibition of VEGF signaling in vivo because vascular invasion of cartilage is a prerequisite to the process of ossification. Once-daily oral dosing of ZD4190 to mice bearing established (approximately 0.5 cm3) human tumor xenografts (breast, lung, prostate, and ovarian) elicited significant antitumor activity and at doses that would not be expected to have any direct antiproliferative effect on tumor cells. Prolonged tumor cytostasis was further demonstrated in a PC-3 xenograft model with 10 weeks of ZD4190 dosing, and upon withdrawal of therapy, tumor growth resumed after a short delay. These observations are entirely consistent with the proposed mode of action. ZD4190 is one of a series of VEGF RTK inhibitors that may have utility in the treatment of a range of histologically diverse solid tumor types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer and Infection Research, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wedge
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ogilvie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dukes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kendrew
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Curwen
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Hennequin
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Richmond
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Wadsworth
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011799:Quinazolines; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D014230:Triazoles; C405268:ZD 4190; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor