title: Prognosis factors in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to a low survival rate even after a R0 resection of cancer of the head of the pancreas, a strict indication for a pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be sensible. We have therefore analyzed our patients for possible prognosis factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective trial the courses of disease of all patients (1981-1996) with resected histologically proven carcinoma of the head of the pancreas were analyzed. The following patient-specific parameters were evaluated and examined in a single or multivariate analysis of prognosis factors: age, gender, tumor size (T status), lymph node involvement (N status), dimension of resection, operation method, time of operation, morbidity, clinic lethality and survival rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1981 and 1996, 500 patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas were treated surgically. The rate of resection increased from 32.1% (1981-1986) to 37.8% (1991-1996) whereas the mortality rate decreased from 13.3 to 7.3%. The 5-year survival rate after resection was 11.8% with a median survival time of 13.8 months. In a multivariate analysis, only small tumors (T1, p < 0.016), the R0 status (p < 0.017) and the resection had a significant influence on the survival rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognosis factors in the treatment of pancreatic cancer were tumor size (T1), tumor resection and R0 status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Wenger
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zieren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steiert
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jacobi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors