title: The hidden cost of clinical audit: a questionnaire study of NHS staff.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the full cost of clinical audit in one health board area and extrapolate the result of Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was sent ot a representative sample of NHS staff to determine time spent on clinical audit. This was combined with cost data from clinical audit budgets and unit cost data for staff time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two percent of staff participated in clinical audit at some point in time. Medical staff were significantly more likely to participate in audit than non medical staff (P <0.0001). Those who participated in clinical audit devoted only a small proportion of time to it. However, due to the high participation rates in clinical audit, this aggregated to a significant amount. In Forth Valley the total cost was estimated to be pound 1.72m (pound 1.37m-pound 2.10m) and in Scotland pound 36.3m (pound 29.6m-pound 44.0m). Staff time accounted for over 80% of the total cost of clinical audit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical audit is widespread within the Scotish NHS and the total cost of staff time devoted to audit is substantial. Research is needed into the value of clinical audit and the potential cost implications of clinical governance need to be explicitly recognised.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Ayrshire and Arran Health Board, Ayr, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lock
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McElroy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
mesh_terms: D002017:Budgets; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D008485:Medical Audit / Q000191:economics*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000191:economics; D012606:Scotland; D013222:State Medicine / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires