title: Primary hemifacial spasm and arterial hypertension: a multicenter case-control study.
abstract: In a case-control study, the authors found that arterial hypertension occurred more frequently among 115 patients with primary hemifacial spasm than among 115 neurologic controls matched for age (+/-5 years), sex, and referral center. The association was not confounded by education level, smoking history, diabetes, or other diseases (adjusted OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.3 to 5.33, p = 0.007). Hypertension was significantly associated with the outcome in the left-sided group (OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.4 to 11.5), but data concerning patients with right-sided spasm were inconclusive (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.36 to 3.1). In our sample, hypertension either preceded or followed the onset of hemifacial spasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Defazio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berardelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coviello
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Salvia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marchese
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vacca
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Assennato
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Livrea
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged