Canalization in evolutionary genetics: a stabilizing theory?
Canalization is an elusive concept. The notion that biological systems ought to evolve to a state of higher stability against mutational and environmental perturbations seems simple enough, but has been exceedingly difficult to prove. Part of the problem has been the lack of a definition of canalization that incorporates an evolutionary genetic perspective and provides a framework for both mathematical and empirical study. After briefly reviewing the importance of canalization in studies of evolution and development, we aim, with this essay, to outline a research program that builds upon the definition of canalization as the reduction in variability of a trait, and uses molecular genetic approaches to shed light on the problems of canalization.
Gibson
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Department of Genetics, Gardner Hall, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7614, USA. ggibson@unity.ncsu.edu
Wagner
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D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D004777:Environment; D019143:Evolution, Molecular