title: Biomarker evidence for widespread anaerobic methane oxidation in Mediterranean sediments by a consortium of methanogenic archaea and bacteria. The Medinaut Shipboard Scientific Party.
abstract: Although abundant geochemical data indicate that anaerobic methane oxidation occurs in marine sediments, the linkage to specific microorganisms remains unclear. In order to examine processes of methane consumption and oxidation, sediment samples from mud volcanoes at two distinct sites on the Mediterranean Ridge were collected via the submersible Nautile. Geochemical data strongly indicate that methane is oxidized under anaerobic conditions, and compound-specific carbon isotope analyses indicate that this reaction is facilitated by a consortium of archaea and bacteria. Specifically, these methane-rich sediments contain high abundances of methanogen-specific biomarkers that are significantly depleted in (13)C (delta(13)C values are as low as -95 per thousand). Biomarkers inferred to derive from sulfate-reducing bacteria and other heterotrophic bacteria are similarly depleted. Consistent with previous work, such depletion can be explained by consumption of (13)C-depleted methane by methanogens operating in reverse and as part a consortium of organisms in which sulfate serves as the terminal electron acceptor. Moreover, our results indicate that this process is widespread in Mediterranean mud volcanoes and in some localized settings is the predominant microbiological process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biogeochemistry and Toxicology, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1790AB Den Burg (Texel), The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Pancost
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sinninghe Damsté
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Lint
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van der Maarel
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gottschal
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019605:Euryarchaeota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008386:Marine Biology / Q000295:instrumentation; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012767:Ships; D018707:Volcanic Eruptions
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008697:Methane