title: Investigation of in vitro toxicity of jet fuels JP-8 and Jet A.
abstract: The in vitro cytotoxicity and electrophysiological toxicity of Jet Propulsion-8 (JP-8 jet fuel) on four cell types: H4IIE liver cell line, NIH Swiss 3T3 cell line, neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 cells, and embryonic hippocampal neurons were investigated. H4IIE cells exposed to Jet A (a commercial fuel) and JP-8 demonstrated identical toxicity with an IC50 of 12.6 +/- 0.4 micrograms/ml for the two fuels. Comparison of H4IIE and NIH/3T3 toxicity to JP-8 revealed that NIH/3T3 cells were more sensitive to JP-8 than H4IIE cells, with an IC50 8.5 +/- 0.1 micrograms/ml. JP-8 exposure for the hippocampal neurons proved to be highly toxic (IC50 of < 2 micrograms/ml), while in contrast, the NG108-15 cells were much less sensitive. Electrophysiological examination of NG108-15 cells showed that administration of JP-8 at 1 microgram/ml did not alter significantly any of the electrophysiological properties. However, exposure to JP-8 at 10 micrograms/ml during a current stimulus of +46 pA decreased the amplitude of the action potential to 83 +/- 7% (n = 4), the rate of rise, dV/dtMAX to 50 +/- 8% (n = 4), and the spiking rate to 25 +/- 11% (n = 4) of the corresponding control levels. These results demonstrate JP-8 induced cytotoxic varies among cell types. The possible mechanisms underlying these observations are presented.
authors.affiliation: George Mason University, Fairfax VA 22030-4444, USA.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shaffer
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Stenger
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pancrazio
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D007648:Kerosene / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; C098607:JP8 aviation fuel; D007648:Kerosene