title: Quality of life in patients with early and advanced carcinoma of the breast.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Emotional disturbances are known to occur in patients suffering from malignant diseases even after treatment. This is mainly because of a fear of death which modifies quality of life (QOL). QOL has gained an important place in the management of cancer in industrialized nations, with the increase in survival. However, in developing countries like India, very little attention has been paid to this issue. Developing countries have poor infrastructure and lack proper treatment facilities at most centres, this leads to poor survival rates and hence much emphasis is on attaining quantity of life rather than quality. This study was carried out to assess the quality of life determinant in patients with breast cancer and the impact of treatment on quality of life indices.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out QOL assessment in 50 patients with breast cancer using the modified linear analogue scale for self assessment (LASA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant deterioration was seen in health-related parameters in terms of recreation (P=0.01), social life (P=0.002), mobility (P=0.03), physical activity (P=0.4) and sleep and appetite (P=0.05). Treatment related parameters deteriorated in both early and advanced carcinoma. Similarly, weight loss was seen in both the groups, however, this was not statistically significant. Self-care and recreation were found to be the most important parameters influencing the QOL in breast cancer patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast cancer detection programs, health education and better awareness among women in industrialized nations has helped in downstaging of the disease, thus improving overall survival. It has not been so in developing countries, where the majority of patients present with advanced disease (T3 and T4). These are usually managed with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, which duly interferes with general health-related parameters and the social life of these patients, thereby adversely affecting the QOL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. rcctvm@md2.vsnl.net.in
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Behere
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Shukla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D011998:Recreation; D012648:Self Care