title: Assessing the feasibility of an in vitro cytotoxicity method to detect harmful ubiquitous chemicals (detection of non-warfare hazardous chemicals in the operational theater).
abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the feasibility of accomplishing aqueous extracts of soil samples and determining if the extracted solution induced adverse effects in the human myelomonocytic cell line, HL60. Dosing of HL60 cells was accomplished over a 24-hour period using 100% of extracted media from standard soil samples containing known contaminants. Assessments of viability, apoptosis, reduced thiols, and mitochondrial membrane integrity were accomplished by argon-ion laser flow cytometric analysis, using chemical labels specific for each end-point. The in vitro cytotoxicity data was compared with the results of Microtox and Mutatox tests as well as earthworm and plant toxicity tests. In vitro cytotoxicity tests' results exhibited good correlation with other tests' results.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Research Laboratory, Operational Toxicology Branch, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cmar
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carmichael
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008889:Military Personnel; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds