title: Effect of inhibitors of glycoprotein processing on cytokine secretion and production in anti CD3-stimulated T cells.
abstract: We have investigated the effect of inhibitors of glycoprotein processing on cytokine secretion and production in anti CD3-stimulated T cells to elucidate the role of carbohydrate in the triggering of T cell function. The inhibitors of glycoprotein processing, especially mannnosidase inhibitors, enhanced the anti CD3-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), which is a cytokine without the linkage sequence of N-linked oligosaccharides. On the other hand, N-methyl-1-deoxynojirimycin (NMdNM, an inhibitor of processing glucosidase 1), 1-deoxynojirimycin (dNM, an inhibitor of processing glucosidase I and II) and bromoconduritol (BCD, an inhibitor of processing glucosidase II) inhibited the secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), or interleukin-5 (IL-5) into culture supernatants of anti CD3-stimulated T cells, which had N-linked oligosaccharides. Mannosidase inhibitors, 1-deoxymannojirimycin (dMAN, an inhibitor of processing mannosidase I) and swainsonine (SWN, an inhibitor of processing mannosidase II) did not inhibit the secretion or production of IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-5. To confirm the inhibition of N-linked oligosaccharide processing in the cytokines by the above inhibitors, the binding of IFN-gamma to lectins with various sugar-binding specificities was investigated. All inhibitors reduced the binding of IFN-gamma to PHA E4, which had a high affinity to bi- or tri-antennary complex type N-linked oligosaccharides with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine. Similarly, all inhibitors reduced the binding of IFN-gamma to PHA L4, which had high affinity to tri- or tetra-antennary complex type N-linked oligosaccharides with beta1-6-linked branching. SWN and dMAN increased the binding of IFN-gamma to concanavalin A (ConA), which had a high affinity to bi-antennary complex type, hybrid type and high-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharides. These results suggest that the processing inhibitors used here inhibit the N-linked oligosaccharide processing of cytokines, and the inhibition of processing enzyme glucosidases I and II induces a decreased secretion of cytokines with N4-linked oligosaccharides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nariuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005959:Glucosidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008361:Mannosidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007106:Immune Sera; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015848:Interleukin-5; D037102:Lectins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D005959:Glucosidases; D008361:Mannosidases; C046090:mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase