title: A unique method for mutation analysis of tumor suppressor genes in colorectal carcinomas using a crypt isolation technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contamination of nontumor tissue makes genetic analysis difficult. For this reason, it is important to obtain pure tumor tissue to ensure accurate genetic analysis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To accurately assess the incidence of mutation of tumor suppressor genes (p53: exon 5-8; APC: mutated cluster region; NF-2 gene: all exons) in 45 colorectal carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed an application of the polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequence by coupling them with crypt isolation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mutations of p53 and APC genes were found in 24 and 22 of 45 colorectal carcinomas, respectively. No mutation of the NF-2 gene was observed in this cancer. Single-strand conformation polymorphism using a crypt isolation technique showed a clear migrating band and no false-positive data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The crypt isolation technique is a useful method for accurately analyzing genetic alterations. Furthermore, our proposed method confirmed the morphological findings obtained before the genetic analysis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Central Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugai
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Habano
authors.forename: S i
authors.initials: Si
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uesugi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D017491:Genes, APC / Q000235:genetics; D016515:Genes, Neurofibromatosis 2 / Q000235:genetics; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics*; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm