title: Glycosaminoglycans in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontal class II furcation involvement before and after guided tissue regeneration. A pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The levels of glycosaminoglycans in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are good indicators of underlying tissue turnover. We hypothesize that connective tissue elements in GCF may be used as indicators of tissue maturation underneath barrier membranes. Therefore, we investigated the levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in GCF at sites before and after guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients were selected on the basis of having at least one Class II buccal furcation involvement on a molar tooth. Each molar furcation was treated with the standard GTR surgical protocol using a non-resorbable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were taken at baseline (immediately prior to insertion of the membrane) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks (immediately prior to removal of the membrane). Glycosaminoglycan levels were determined using an Alcian blue dye detection system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean levels of chondroitin sulfate and total sulfated glycosaminoglycans in GCF significantly decreased during the first 4 weeks after GTR surgery. By week 5, the levels began to rise, and by week 6 the levels had returned to baseline levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sulfated glycosaminoglycans can be monitored in GCF at healing GTR sites. It is proposed that this is a useful means of monitoring the status of the regenerating tissues. However, further longitudinal studies are required to assess if the sulfated glycosaminoglycans can be used as indicators of tissue maturation under guided tissue membranes used to treat periodontal defects.
authors.affiliation: Dental School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wynne
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bartold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000423:Alcian Blue; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D012038:Regeneration
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D000423:Alcian Blue