title: The effect of FK409-a nitric oxide donor-on canine lung transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO) is known to have beneficial effects in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury through maintaining endothelial integrity, inhibiting leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation, and inducing vasodilation. The effect of FK409 (FK), a spontaneous NO donor, was investigated in a canine lung transplantation model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten pairs of weight-matched dogs were used. Five pairs were assigned to the FK group, to which FK (5 microg/kg/min) was administered intravenously from 30 minutes prior to ischemia until the induction of ischemia in the donor, and from 15 minutes prior to reperfusion until 45 minutes after reperfusion in the recipient. The others were assigned to the control group. After 8-hour preservation in 4 degrees C Euro-Collins solution, orthotopic single-lung transplantation was performed. During a 5-minute clamping test of the right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary arterial pressure (L-PAP), left pulmonary vascular resistance (L-PVR), arterial oxygen pressure (PaO(2)), and alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (A-aDO(2)) were measured. The lung specimens were harvested for histologic study, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were counted. Pulmonary perfusion and ventilation scintigraphy (Tc-99m-MAA and Xe-133) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAP, L-PVR, PaO(2), and A-aDO(2) revealed significantly (p < 0.05) better function in the FK group than in the control group. Histologically, edema was more mild, and PMN infiltration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the FK group than in the control group. Xe-133 and Tc-99m-MAA were widely distributed throughout the graft lung in the FK group. The 2-day survival rate was 100% in the FK group, which was significantly (p < 0.05) better than the rate (40%) in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FK appears to generate a protective effect on I/R injury in lung transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sunose
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takeyoshi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohwada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwazaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aiba
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomizawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oriuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morishita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002302:Cardiac Output; D004285:Dogs; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D011859:Radiography; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C061872:FK 409; D010100:Oxygen