title: Antisense human neuroglia related cell adhesion molecule hNr-CAM, reduces the tumorigenic properties of human glioblastoma cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human Nr-CAM (Neuroglia related Cell Adhesion Molecule) is over expressed in glioblastoma multiforme tissue (GMT) as compared to normal brain tissue (NBT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We transfected a human glioblastoma cell line (2020-CRL) with a vector that overexpresses antisense hNr-CAM using a CMVpromoter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antisense hNr- CAM caused reduction in the native hNr-CAM expression, changed cell morphology, reduced the cell proliferation rate and lengthening of the cell cycle. Furthermore, antisense hNr-CAM overexpression in these cells caused extensive reduction in the number of soft agar colonies and invasion through extra cellular matrix (ECM) gel in vitro. Subcutaneous injection of antisense hNr-CAM overexpressing glioblastoma cells into nude mice caused complete inhibition of tumor formation as compared to vector only transfected cells. Intra-tumoral inoculation of antisense hNr-CAM expressing plasmid also caused slow tumor growth in nude mice in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of these results, we conclude that hNr-CAM is a valid target for potential gene therapy of glioblastoma tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco 94103, USA. sehgala@neurosurg.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sehgal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ricks
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warrick
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Boynton
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000235:genetics*; D002455:Cell Division; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010957:Plasmids; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D017931:DNA Primers; C491152:NRCAM protein, human; C491151:Nrcam protein, mouse; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense