title: Expression of pituitary-tumour transforming gene in colorectal tumours.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes angiogenesis and mitogenesis in colon carcinomas. Pituitary-tumour transforming gene (PTTG1) causes in-vitro and in-vivo transformation, regulates secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor, and inhibits chromatid separation. Most normal tissues show little or no PTTG1 expression but cancer cells express the gene abundantly. We postulated that PTTG1 expression in colorectal tumours is related to tumour invasiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  PTTG1 gene and protein expression were assessed in 68 colorectal tumours and compared with invasive characteristics, such as lymph-node invasion, evidence of metastases, tumour vessel density, and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor. PTTG1 expression is given in terms of the fold-increase over that in normal-adjacent colorectal tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTTG1 was overexpressed in all of 48 colon carcinomas (median fold-increase 2.2 [IQR 1.8-3.3]) and in 19 of 20 colonic polyps (2.2 [1.6-3.1]) compared with normal colonic tissue. Invasion of surrounding lymph nodes was associated with higher PTTG1 expression than in carcinomas limited to the bowel wall (3.4 [2.1-5.9] vs 1.9 [1.7-2.4], p=0.007), and higher PTTG1 expression was seen in more vascular than in less vascular tumours (2.6 [1.9-5.1] vs 1.9 [1.8-2.5], p=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased tumour PTTG1 expression may be a marker of invasive colorectal carcinoma and could represent a new therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Heaney
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singson
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Melmed
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D064249:Securin
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D064249:Securin; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2