title: Effect of surfactants on human stratum corneum: electron paramagnetic resonance study.
abstract: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of nitroxide spin probes are useful for studying biological membranes and chemical-membrane interactions. Recently, we established a stripping method to remove stratum corneum (SC) for this purpose. To assess this stripping method with EPR and correlate with standard methods, we quantified the irritant effects of three types of surfactants by measurements of visual score and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), SC hydration and chromametry and studied EPR spectra measurements of surfactant-treated cadaver SC (C-SC) and stripped off SC (S-SC) on patch tested sites. 5-Doxyl stearic acid was the spin label. The order parameter S obtained from the spectra of S-SC correlated with those of C-SC and TEWL values. The results suggest that this method is capable of evaluating the fluidity of SC and correlates with the above bioengineering parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mizushima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabohashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Maibach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D003124:Colorimetry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007509:Irritants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D013113:Spin Labels; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D013113:Spin Labels; D013501:Surface-Active Agents