title: Monocyclic L-nucleosides with type 1 cytokine-inducing activity.
abstract: A series of 1,2,4-triazole L-nucleosides were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to stimulate type 1 cytokine production by activated human T cells in direct comparison to the known active agent ribavirin. Among the compounds prepared, 1-beta-L-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (5, ICN 17261) was found to be the most uniformly potent compound. Conversion of the 3-carboxamide group of 5 to a carboxamidine functionality resulted in 1-beta-L-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine hydrochloride (10), which induced cytokine levels comparable to 5 for two of the three type 1 cytokines examined. Modification of the carbohydrate moiety of 5 provided compounds of reduced activity. Significantly, ICN 17261 offers interesting immunomodulatory potential for the treatment of diseases where type 1 cytokines play an important role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, ICN Corporate Research, ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3300 Hyland Avenue, Costa Mesa, California 92626, USA. kramasamy@icnpharm.com
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Averett
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D009705:Nucleosides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012254:Ribavirin; D007371:Interferon-gamma