title: Response of keratinocytes from normal and psoriatic epidermis to interferon-gamma differs in the expression of zinc-alpha(2)-glycoprotein and cathepsin D.
abstract: Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by hyperproliferation and by aberrant differentiation. We found cathepsin D and zinc-alpha(2)-glycoprotein, two catalytic enzymes associated with apoptosis and desquamation, to be present in the stratum corneum of the normal epidermis but absent from the psoriatic plaque. Psoriasis is characterized by an altered response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), including the induction of apoptosis in normal but not in psoriatic keratinocytes, often with opposite effects on gene expression of suprabasal proteins. We found that IFN-gamma binding and signaling were attenuated in psoriasis: The IFN-gamma receptor, the signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT-1, and the interferon regulatory factor IRF-1 were strongly up-regulated by IFN-gamma in normal keratinocytes, but not in psoriatic ones. IFN-gamma strongly up-regulated the expression of the catalytic enzymes cathepsin D and zinc-alpha(2)-glycoprotein in normal keratinocytes but down-regulated them in psoriatic ones; the reverse was true of the apoptotic suppressor bcl-2. We believe that the aberrant response to IFN-gamma plays a central role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, particularly the disruption of apoptosis and desquamation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arany
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apisarnthanarax
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajaraman
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tyring
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brysk
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Brysk
mesh_terms: D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000235:genetics; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D000090203:Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor
chemical_list: D002402:Cathepsin D; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000090203:Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; C494079:STAT1 protein, human