Molecular genetics in acute leukemia.
Improved techniques in identifying the chromosome changes and the affected genes that are involved in acute leukemias have led to improved treatments for these diseases. Identification of consistent chromosomal changes has allowed us to target the location of particular genes and has enabled us to focus our treatments more specifically to certain subtypes of leukemia. Translocations, in particular, are common cytogenetic abnormalities in human leukemia, and the prevalence of certain types of translocations varies with age. Cancers, lymphomas and leukemias are now known to be genetic diseases and it is recognized that genotype-specific therapies should be used that take into account the genetic alterations of the particular leukemia.
Rowley
J D
JD
Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, IL 60637-1740, USA.
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D012306:Risk; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497422:KMT2A protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase