title: Chemical protective clothing; a study into the ability of staff to perform lifesaving procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the ability of medical and nursing staff to perform certain tasks while wearing a chemical protection suit with a respirator. Tasks chosen were those that would be required before decontamination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten experienced accident and emergency doctors (middle grade and consultants) and 10 nurses were asked to perform certain tasks that were judged to be life saving, relevant to triage, or necessary to confirm death, on an advanced life support manikin, while wearing a TST-Sweden chemical protection suit. The operators were objectively assessed by one of the authors for achieving each task, then asked to make a subjective assessment of the difficulty experienced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medical staff were asked to ventilate the manikin using a bag-valve-mask, intubate within 30 seconds, apply monitor electrodes and cables and check cardiac rhythm, apply gel pads and defibrillate safely, and finally, fold the cruciform triage card to show "RED", and attach it to the manikin. All the doctors completed these tasks, except for one, who could only intubate the manikin after several attempts. Nursing staff were asked to open and apply an oxygen mask, adjust oxygen flow, size and insert an oropharyngeal airway, ventilate the manikin using a bag-valve-mask, apply a pressure bandage to a limb, and fold the cruciform triage card to show "YELLOW", and attach it to the manikin. All the nurses completed these tasks. Operators reported varying degrees of difficulty, the most difficult tasks were those requiring fine movements or delicate control. Generally, operators found the butyl rubber gloves cumbersome. Communication difficulties were frequently reported. Although only intubation was formally timed, tasks were perceived to take longer. Some operators found the suits too warm and uncomfortable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Should the need arise, the TST-Sweden chemical protection suits would enable experienced doctors and nurses to perform lifesaving measures effectively, without significant impairment to their skills. Tasks would be easier to accomplish with better fitting gloves.
authors.affiliation: Accident and Emergency Department, Royal Preston Hospital, Fulwood.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jundi
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000059:Accidents; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D008348:Manikins; D011481:Protective Clothing; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis