title: Comparison of an LH-RH analogue (Goeserelin acetate, 'Zoladex') with combined androgen blockade in advanced prostate cancer: final survival results of an international multicentre randomized-trial. International Prostate Cancer Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen flutamide plus the LH-RH analogue goserelin acetate (combined androgen blockade [CAB]) with goserelin acetate alone in patients with advanced prostate cancer. The original analyses at 25 and 56 months of follow-up have been reported previously, and here we report the final survival analysis after 10 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  589 patients with advanced prostate cancer (55% with metastatic [M1] and 45% with locally advanced [M0] disease) were randomized to receive goserelin acetate 3.6 mg either alone or in combination with flutamide (250 mg three times daily).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 583 patients were included in the analysis. There was a small, but nonsignificant, benefit for CAB compared with goserelin acetate alone in all patients with respect to survival (hazard ratio 0.88, 95% CI 0.73, 1.06). Subgroup analysis of M0 and M1 patients showed similar results (M0: hazard ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.68, 1.25; M1: hazard ratio 0.85, 95% CI 0.66, 1. 08). The treatment effect was not significantly different for M0 and M1 patients (p = 0.685).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this large randomized trial containing significant numbers of M0 patients, after 10 years there was a small but nonsignificant benefit for CAB over castration alone.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Centre, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tyrrell
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Altwein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klippel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jurincic-Winkler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varenhorst
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lunglmayr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boccardo
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Holdaway
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haefliger
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jordaan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017273:Goserelin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D017273:Goserelin; D005485:Flutamide