title: True hermaphroditism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  True hermaphroditism is a rare cause of atypical genitalia which presents significant diagnostic and management challenges. We present the clinical and laboratory findings and management of four patients with true hermaphroditism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case studies from a teaching hospital and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All four patients had atypical genitalia identified at birth. All had a palpable gonad, only one of which was palpable at birth. Three patients were 46XX (SRY -ve) and one 46XY (SRY +ve). Three patients were raised as females (two 46XX and one 46XY) and one as a male. All four patients were found to have an ovotestis present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The management of true hermaphroditism is controversial and requires a multidisciplinary approach. It has many implications for both the parent and child. We discuss the issues involved for the patients and their parents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGlynn
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Verge
mesh_terms: D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male