title: Role of voltage-dependent and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels on the regulation of isometric force in porcine coronary artery.
abstract: We investigated the role of K(+) channels in the regulation of vascular tone in de-endothelialized porcine coronary artery. Isometric force and intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) under resting conditions were increased by treatment with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM), an inhibitor of voltage-dependent K(+) (K(v)) channels, but not by tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA, 1 mM) or charybdotoxin (100 nM), both inhibitors of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (K(Ca)) channels, or glibenclamide (10 microM), an inhibitor of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels. Under stimulated conditions with 9,11-dideoxy-11alpha, 9alpha-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (U46619), 4-AP as well as TEA or charybdotoxin increased isometric force and [Ca(2+)](i), but not glibenclamide. 4-AP was the most potent in terms of depolarization of membrane potential compared with TEA or glibenclamide in the presence or absence of EGTA. In the presence of U46619, a high concentration of 4-AP (10 mM) caused a further contraction with oscillations. The force oscillations induced by 4-AP were inhibited by diltiazem (10 microM), an inhibitor of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels, or TEA (1 mM), but not by glibenclamide (10 microM). These force oscillations may be associated with the periodic activation of K(Ca) channels. These findings suggested that 4-AP-sensitive K(v) channels play an important role in the control of vascular tone in both resting and stimulated conditions. Moreover, under stimulated conditions, K(Ca) channels also have an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. Dysfunction of these channels induces abnormal vasoconstriction and may be implicated in vascular diseases such as hypertension and vasospasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0576, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoshiki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sperelakis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018999:Charybdotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D018999:Charybdotoxin; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D005905:Glyburide; D002118:Calcium