title: CXC chemokine receptor 4 expression and stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha-induced chemotaxis in CD4+ T lymphocytes are regulated by interleukin-4 and interleukin-10.
abstract: We report that interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 can significantly up- or down-regulate CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes, respectively. Stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha)-induced CD4+ T-lymphocyte chemotaxis was also correspondingly regulated by IL-4 and IL-10. IL-4 and IL-10 up- or down-regulated CXCR4 mRNA expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes, respectively, as detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Scatchard analysis revealed a type of CXCR4 with affinity (Kd approximately 6.3 nM), and approximately 70,000 SDF-1alpha-binding sites per cell, among freshly isolated CD4+ T lymphocytes, and two types of CXCR4 with different affinities (Kd1 approximately 4.4 nM and Kd2 approximately 14.6 nM), and a total of approximately 130,000 SDF-1alpha-binding sites per cell, among IL-4-stimulated CD4+ T lymphocytes. The regulation of CXCR4 expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes by IL-4 and IL-10 could be blocked by a selective inhibitor of protein kinase (staurosporine) or by a selective inhibitor of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (H-8), indicating that these cytokines regulate CXCR4 on CD4+ T lymphocytes via both cAMP and cGMP signalling pathways. The fact that cyclosporin A or ionomycin were able to independently change the CXCR4 expression and block the effects of IL-4 and IL-10 on CXCR4 expression implied that the capacity of IL-4 and IL-10 to regulate CXCR4 on CD4+ T lymphocytes is not linked to calcium-mobilization stimulation. These results indicate that the effects of IL-4 and IL-10 on the CXCR4-SDF-1 receptor-ligand pair may be of particular importance in the cytokine/chemokine environment concerning the inflammatory processes and in the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Allergology, Allergy Unit, and Laboratory of Tissue Typing, Department of Clinical Immunology, National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jinquan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jacobi
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Glue
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Skov
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Malling
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Poulsen
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4