title: Cytokine profile in genital tract secretions from female adolescents: impact of human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, and other sexually transmitted pathogens.
abstract: Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and IL-12 in cervical secretions from female adolescents with and without sexually transmitted infections. Compared with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]-negative patients, HIV-positive patients had higher concentrations of IL-10 (118.2 pg/mL vs. 34.5 pg/mL; P=.002) and IL-12 (175.5 pg/mL vs. 85.1; P=.03). IL-2 concentrations were not statistically different. Furthermore, genital tract infections were predictors of IL-10 and IL-12 concentrations. Coinfection with HIV and human papillomavirus predicted the highest IL-10 concentrations; coinfection with HIV, human papillomavirus, and other sexually transmitted pathogens predicted the highest IL-12 concentrations. The data indicate that concomitant infection of the genital tract with HIV and other viral, bacterial, or protozoan pathogens influences the local concentrations of some immunoregulatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Fearing Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. pegc@earthlink.net
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Crowley-Nowick
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ellenberg
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Vermund
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Moscicki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12