title: Studying the growth of cervical carcinoma nests and angiogenesis by immunostaining, quantitation and three-dimensional structural analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the relationship and mutual effect of the growth of cervical carcinoma nests and angiogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial paraffin sections of cervical squamous carcinoma were stained in repeated order with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunostain for factor VIII-related antigen, type IV collagen and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Three-dimensional reconstructions were made, and the volumes of carcinoma nests, necrosis and microvessels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two types of cervical carcinoma nests were distinguished on the basis of their growth characteristics and vascularity (groups I and II). Group I nests: The carcinoma cells were proliferating actively, as determined by their morphology and PCNA staining. There were abundant microvessels. Some endothelial sprouts and cords penetrated the nests and then formed networks and new vessels. The volume ratio of microvessels, including sprouts and cords, to the nests was 0.6282:1. Group II nests: The center of these nests underwent necrosis. The peripheral cells were rather small, with no mitosis. The PCNA index was rather low; these nests grew very slowly. There were only a few surrounding microvessels with no endothelial sprouts or cords. The volume ratio of vessels to nest was 0.0657:1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two types of cervical carcinoma nests show a close relationship and mutual effect of the growth of carcinoma nest and angiogenesis. Group I nests grow and develop well, with abundant microvessels. Thus, many tumor cells may be angiogenic and induce angiogenesis; growth of the nests seemed dependent on adequate neovascularization. Group II nests grow slowly, with a few microvessels; the center of the nests undergoes necrosis. The inadequate blood supply must be one of the important causes of necrosis. Considering that there must have been abundant neovascularization during their growth in the past, most of the microvessels must have been obliterated and then reabsorbed to make the remaining vessels so few.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yaegash
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004727:Endothelium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D008833:Microcirculation; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen