title: Disturbance of electrolyte balance in vitreous of chicks with form-deprivation myopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes in the electrolyte and protein concentrations in the vitreous of 3-week-old chicks with form-deprivation myopia (FDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  FDM was induced in 2-day-old male white leghorn chicks by covering the left eye with a translucent plastic goggle and leaving the right eye uncovered to serve as control. After 19 days the animals were euthanized, and the axial dimensions of the eyes were measured with a caliper in an unfixed condition. The liquid vitreous and aqueous humor were removed by paracentesis, and blood was collected from the jugular vein. Sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations were determined using ion-selective electrodes. Calcium and phosphate concentrations were determined by colorimetric assays using orthocresol phthalein complexone and bacterial xanthine oxidase, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations of potassium and phosphate were decreased, whereas chloride concentration was increased in the vitreous of the FDM eyes (P < .01). Sodium and calcium concentrations were similar to those in the control eyes. No significant changes in the concentration of electrolytes were observed in the aqueous humor. No significant differences were found in the protein concentrations in the liquid vitreous, gel vitreous, and aqueous humor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Form-deprivation induced a significant increase of the volume of the liquid vitreous in the eye of the FDM chick. The increased liquid vitreous of the myopic eye was accompanied by an alteration of the electrolyte balance, by a mechanism that has not yet been clarified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seko
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokoro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000378:metabolism*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002712:Chlorides; D005136:Eye Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium