title: Endogenous gut nitrogen losses in growing pigs are not caused by increased protein synthesis rates in the small intestine.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish, using a flooding dose of L-[ring 2, 6-(3)H] phenylalanine, whether feeding pigs diets that induce high endogenous gut nitrogen losses (ENL) also increases protein synthesis rates in (PSR) the visceral organs. Twelve 18-kg Yorkshire barrows with catheters in the right and left jugular veins were fed for 3 wk either casein-cornstarch- (CC) or barley-canola meal- (BCM) based diets formulated to a similar digestible energy /crude protein ratio and designed to induce either low or high ENL, respectively. Pigs were infused with 10 mL/kg body weight of a 150 mmol. L(-1) phenylalanine solution containing 230 MBq. L(-1) labeled phenylalanine for 12 min and killed 20 min later. Plasma phenylalanine specific radioactivity (SRA) rose to a plateau value within 3 min of starting the infusion and did not change (P > 0.10) thereafter. Fractional rates of protein synthesis (K(s), %/d) based on SRA in plasma- or intracellular-free phenylalanine did not differ (P > 0.10) in all tissues except pancreas (P < 0.05). Diet affected K(s )in liver (P < 0.01) and colon (P < 0.05) but not in pancreas, duodenum, jejunum and cecum. Based on plasma-free phenylalanine SRA, liver K(s)were 85.4 +/- 11.0 vs. 60.5 +/- 5.2 (mean +/- SEM) in CC- and BCM-fed pigs, respectively; these values were 82.3 +/- 4.7 vs. 98.2 +/- 5.8 in the colon. The absolute amount of protein synthesis (g.d(-1)) was higher in the liver (P < 0.05) and pancreas (P < 0. 05) of the CC pigs compared to BCM pigs. No dietary effects were observed in all other organs (P > 0.10). The present results suggest that feeding growing pigs a BCM diet that induces high ENL does not affect PSR in the small intestine of growing pigs from which >50% of ENL originates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nyachoti
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leeson
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Gabert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D006128:Growth; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D010649:Phenylalanine; D009584:Nitrogen