title: Inhibition of growth of MDA-MB-468 estrogen-independent human breast carcinoma by bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide antagonists RC-3095 and RC-3940-II.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The growth of breast carcinoma is promoted by autocrine growth factors such as the bombesin (BN)-like peptides and epidermal growth factor (EGF). The stimulatory action of BN-like peptides can be blocked by the use of BN/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) antagonists.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors investigated the effects of synthetic BN/GRP antagonists RC-3095 and RC-3940-II on tumor growth and the expression of mRNA for EGF receptors and three BN receptor subtypes in MDA-MB-468 human breast carcinoma. Athymic nude mice with xenografts of MDA-MB-468 human breast carcinoma were injected subcutaneously for 6 weeks with RC-3940-II at doses of 20 or 40 microg/day. In another study, the effects of RC-3940-II and RC-3095 were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RC-3940-II caused a significant and dose-dependent growth inhibition of MDA-MB-468 tumors in nude mice; therapy with either dose of RC-3940-II significantly (P<0.01) reduced the mean final tumor volume and weight compared with controls. RC-3940-II induced a persistent regression of > 50% of all tumors. One of 3 tumors treated with 20 microg of RC-3940-II and 3 of 5 tumors treated with 40 microg were found to have regressed completely by the end of the study. When RC-3940-II and RC-3095 were compared at the dose of 20 microg/day, both powerfully suppressed growth of MDA-MB-468 tumors, with RC-3940-II causing a complete regression of 2 tumors and RC-3095 a complete regression of 1 tumor. Receptor analyses of untreated MDA-MB-468 tumors revealed an overexpression of EGF receptors and two classes of binding sites for BN/GRP. mRNAs for receptors of GRP, neuromedin B, and BN receptor subtype-3 were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A virtual arrest of growth or regression of MDA-MB-468 human breast carcinoma after therapy with RC-3940-II and RC-3095 indicates that these BN/GRP antagonists could provide a new treatment modality for breast tumors expressing BN and EGF receptors.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kahán
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Arencibia
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001839:Bombesin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D015287:Neurokinin B / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000187:drug effects; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects; D018004:Receptors, Bombesin / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012074:Remission Induction; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018004:Receptors, Bombesin; C096400:bombesin(6-14), Hca(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2N)-Tac(14)-; C071363:bombesin (6-14), Tpi(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2NH)-Leu(14)-; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; D015287:Neurokinin B; C038393:neuromedin B; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D001839:Bombesin