title: Influence of short-term protein malnutrition of mice on the phenotype and costimulatory signals of lymphocytes from spleen and Peyer's patches.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of short-term protein malnutrition (PM) on immunoglobulin A (IgA) production and on the number and phenotype of lymphocytes in Peyer's patches (PP) and in the spleen. Balb/c mice were fed for 4, 7, or 10 d with a protein-deficient diet (0.1% protein). We determined B lymphocytes (CD40(+)), T lymphocytes (CD3(+)), T-helper (CD4(+)), and T-suppressor (CD8(+)) cells and the expression of costimulatory signals B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) on B cells and their counter receptors CD28 and CTLA-4 on T cells by fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis. Luminal IgA concentration in the small intestine was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Four days of PM caused a significant reduction in the number of mononuclear cells in the spleen (5.6 x 10(7) +/- 1 x 10(7) versus 2. 4 x 10(7) +/- 0.5 x 10(7), P < 0.001) and the PP (13 x 10(6) +/- 3 x 10(6) versus 8.6 x 10(6) +/- 2 x 10(6), P < 0.01). There was a relative increase of T cells in the spleen and a relative increase of B cells in the PP. Luminal IgA content of small intestine was significantly reduced after 4 d of PM (242 +/- 55 microg versus 173 +/- 39 microg, P < 0.05) and remained at about this level until day 10 of PM. Four days after PM, the costimulatory signals B7.1 and B7. 2 on B cells were upregulated in the PP but markedly downregulated in the spleen, which was inversely related to the expression of the counter receptor CD28 on T-helper cells. We conclude that short-term PM increases the activation of B cells in the PP but reduces the relative number and activation state of splenic B cells. Only 4 d of PM caused a systemic and intestinal immunodepression, as indicated by a markedly decreased content of mononuclear cells in the PP and the spleen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories, Wien, Vienna, Austria. Nicole.Manhart@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manhart
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vierlinger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bergmeister
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boltz-Nitulescu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spittler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011488:Protein Deficiency / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069594:Abatacept