title: Towards evidence-based health promotion and service provision for new migrants to Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine patterns of health utilization and health information dissemination among immigrants to Australia in the first 6 months of immigration using data from the Longitudinal Study of Immigrants to Australia (LSIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The population for the LSIA consists of 5178 principal applicants making their first arrival to Australia on a migrant visa between 1 September 1993 and 31 August 1995, inclusive, and who are aged 15 years or over at the time (96% of all principal applicants). The influence of immigration category, country of birth, health status and age on the likelihood of receiving information about health, sources of health information and use of general practitioners were explored using separate logistic regressions for men and women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women who received health information were older and less likely to have a chronic illness than women who did not. Men who received health information were older and more likely to be in the Business visa category. Younger women, those in Preferential Family visa categories and bilingual women were more likely than other women to have received health information from an NGO. For men, the only significant predictor of source of health information was being in the Independent visa category. Women who used health services were younger, more likely to have a chronic illness, be proficient in English and less likely to be in the Independent visa category than women who did not. Men who used health services were older, more likely to have a chronic condition and have limited English than men who did not. Men who used health services were more likely to be in the Humanitarian visa class and less likely to be in the Concessional Family or Business visa categories than men who did not use health services. They were also more likely to have been born in Oceania, Middle East and North Africa and Africa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that there are important differentials in knowledge of and use of the health system and these differences are unlikely to be captured by using measures based on ethnicity or country of origin alone. Predictors of health service utilization were different for men and women. In particular, age and lack of English proficiency appeared to be barriers to health service use for women. Visa category and country of birth were more important determinants of health service use for men.
authors.affiliation: Key Centre for Women's Health, University of Melbourne, Australia. mk699@columbia.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelaher
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D001315:Australia; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005194:Family Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007255:Information Services / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors