title: Intracellular adapter molecules.
abstract: Lymphocyte antigen receptor engagement leads to the initiation of numerous signal transduction pathways that direct ultimate cellular responses. In recent years, it has become apparent that adapter molecules regulate the coupling of receptor-proximal events, such as protein tyrosine kinase activation, with end results such as inducible gene expression and cytoskeletal rearrangements. While adapter molecules possess no intrinsic enzymatic activity, their ability to mediate protein-protein interactions is vital for the integration and propagation of signal transduction cascades in lymphocytes. Recent studies demonstrate that intracellular adapter molecules function as both positive and negative regulators of lymphocyte activation.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Norian
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Koretzky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell