title: Use of computerized neuropsychological tests (CANTAB) to assess cognitive effects of antihypertensive drugs in the elderly. Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish reliability and ease of use of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) in assessing changes in cognitive function induced by antihypertensive drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard neuropsychological testing was combined with CANTAB in a double-blind 18-week cross-over study in elderly hypertensives taking perindopril or hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene (HT). Cognitive effects were assessed by employing tests of attention, visuospatial and verbal memory, learning, reasoning, planning, problem solving, speed and coordination. Affect was assessed using two different depression-rating scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perindopril and the diuretic had no adverse effects on the various aspects of cognitive function. Mood, as assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, was improved on Perindopril, and the error rate in the motor screening test was lower. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring showed both drugs achieved effective 24-h control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ease of use and the ability to adjust the level of testing to the requirements of individual patients, together with the reliability of longitudinal test/re-test results, indicates that CANTAB is an important addition to the methods available to quantitate adverse central nervous system drug effects. The other purpose of the study was to assess any adverse cognitive effects of perindopril against a drug HT believed to have no adverse central nervous system effects. In this context, perindopril was free of adverse effects in all the objective tests employed. In addition, there was a benefit seen in two independent assessments of depression (the Hamilton and the Beck rating scales).
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Heidelberg, Australia. ajenkins@austin.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mander
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Conway
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020913:Perindopril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014223:Triamterene / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D014223:Triamterene; D020913:Perindopril