title: Modulation of cytokine production by interferential current in differentiated HL-60 cells.
abstract: The influence of interferential current (IFC) on the release of four cytokines was investigated. IFC is an amplitude-modulated 4 kHz current used in therapeutic applications. Human promyelocytes (HL-60) were differentiated to monocytes/macrophages by treatment with calcitriol. Release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukines 1beta, 6, and 8 (IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8) into the supernatant was measured after exposure to IFC at different modulation frequencies. TNFalpha release was stimulated about twofold by 4 kHz sine waves alone. The influences of exposure time (5-30 min) and current density (2.5-2500 microA/c m(2)) were tested. A maximum field effect was found at an exposure time of 15 min and a current density of 250 microA/cm(2). With these exposure conditions (15 min and 250 microA/cm(2) ), cells were treated at different modulation frequencies and reacted for TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and IL-8 release in a complex manner. Within the frequencies studied (0-125 Hz), we found stimulation as well as depression of the release. In a second run the cells were activated by pretreatment with 10 microg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exposed in the same way as the nonactivated cells. Again the modulation frequency influenced, in a complex way, the induction of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and IL-8, resulting in a pattern of stimulation and depression of release different from that found in nonactivated cells. For IL-6 production no significant changes were detected in activated or non-activated cells.
authors.affiliation: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Institut für Toxikologie, Federal Republic of Germany. sontag@itox.fzk.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sontag
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D004560:Electricity; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002117:Calcitriol