title: Chemokines are produced in the brain early during the course of experimental African trypanosomiasis.
abstract: African trypanosomiasis is characterized by progressive central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Using single and double immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the induction of alpha- and beta-chemokines in brains of Sprague-Dawley rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T. b. brucei) and identified their cellular source. The results showed high production of MIP-2, RANTES and MIP-1alpha and to a lower extend MCP-1 in infected animals compared to controls. MIP-2, RANTES and MIP-1alpha were produced early by astrocytes and microglia and later by macrophages and T-cells. These findings suggest that chemokines may contribute to the immunopathogenesis that occurs in the CNS early during infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. ahmed.sharafeldin@impi.ki.se
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharafeldin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eltayeb
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pashenkov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakhiet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015846:Monokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines