title: Contrasting blood pressure effects of obesity in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and agouti yellow obese mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent advances in understanding the neuroendocrine pathways regulating appetite, metabolism and body weight afford an opportunity to explore further the mechanisms by which obesity influences arterial pressure. ob/ob(Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)) mice have a mutation in the ob gene and are leptin-deficient. Leptin possesses pressor actions and has been shown to increase arterial pressure when infused chronically or over-expressed transgenically. In contrast, agouti yellow obese(Ay) mice have overexpression of an agouti peptide that blocks melanocortin receptors. Stimulation of melanocortin receptors by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone decreases arterial pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study measured arterial pressure in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, agouti yellow obese mice and their lean controls to test the hypothesis that the effects of obesity on arterial pressure are importantly influenced by the genetic and neuroendocrine mechanisms causing the obesity. We measured arterial pressure directly in conscious ob/ob mice (n = 14), agouti yellow obese mice (n = 6) and the same number of lean littermates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body weight was nearly twice as high in ob/ob mice as in their lean controls, but mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in ob/ob mice (92+/-3 mmHg) compared with their lean controls (106+/-2 mmHg; P = 0.00017). In contrast, mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in agouti yellow obese mice (124+/-3 mmHg) than in their lean controls (99+/-1 mmHg; P = 0.000002) despite the fact that the agouti mice had milder obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study prompts three conclusions: (1) leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and agouti yellow obese mice have contrasting blood pressure responses to obesity, (2) obesity does not invariably increase arterial pressure in mice, and (3) the arterial pressure response to obesity may depend critically on the underlying genetic and neuroendocrine mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Specialized Center of Research in Hypertension Genetics and the Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. allyn-mark@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Shaffer
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Sigmund
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Haynes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D020738:Leptin / Q000172:deficiency*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin