title: Investigation of the relocation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and annexin V in activated platelets.
abstract: Cytosolic phospholipase A(2) is a Ca(2+)-dependent enzyme that acts on membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid, which in platelets is converted to thromboxane A(2). Annexin V is a Ca(2+)-dependent, phospholipid-binding protein, which is proposed to regulate inflammation by inhibiting cytosolic phospholipase A(2). Here, we have studied the association of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and annexin V with platelet membranes after thrombin stimulation. In a time-dependent manner, an exact correlation was found between the membrane association of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and annexin V. Calcium from the intracellular stores was sufficient for the relocation of intracellular annexin V and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) to platelet membranes. Activation in the presence of arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine (RGDS), which inhibits binding of fibrinogen to its adhesive ligand, does not alter the amount of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) or annexin V that binds to membranes. When activation-induced actin polymerisation was prevented by cytochalasin E, the recovery of both annexin V and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) remained unchanged. However, complete depolymerisation of the cytoskeleton with DNase I almost abolished the association of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) with the membranes, and it completely abolished the relocation of annexin V to platelet membranes. Finally, we show that cytosolic phospholipase A(2) can be specifically purified from platelet membranes by affinity chromatography on GST-annexin V and that immunoprecipitation using antibodies against cytosolic phospholipase A(2) copurify annexin V and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) from activated platelets. These findings suggest that following platelet activation with thrombin, both cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and annexin V, relocate to platelet membranes where they interact. An intact cytoskeleton seems to be a prerequisite for the interaction of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and annexin V with platelet membranes. The incorporation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) into the membrane fraction of thrombin-activated platelets parallels that of annexin V, which suggests an interaction between the two proteins.
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tzima
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Trotter
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hastings
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Orchard
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003572:Cytochalasins / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D003572:Cytochalasins; D009842:Oligopeptides; C007215:cytochalasin E; D004533:Egtazic Acid; C046617:arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D013917:Thrombin; D002122:Calcium Chloride