title: Tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis using a liquid isoniazid-methadone admixture for drug users in methadone maintenance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tuberculosis is common in drug users, although compliance with therapy may be difficult in this population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate an approach to enhancing compliance with tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis in drug users enrolled on methadone maintenance utilizing an isoniazid (INH)-methadone admixture.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A drug treatment program in New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Opioid-dependent drug users enrolled in methadone maintenance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liquid isoniazid was mixed into subjects' daily dose of methadone. Vitamin B6 was given to subjects for self-administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Number of eligible subjects, reasons for not starting therapy, number starting therapy, proportion completing therapy and median duration of INH therapy were calculated. Thirty-nine subjects were eligible for INH chemoprophylaxis: 34 (87%) received INH mixed directly in their methadone and five (13%) had their INH consumption supervised by a nurse. Among these subjects, 72% (28/39) completed therapy. Among the 11 subjects who discontinued INH, discharge from the methadone maintenance program was the most common reason--73% (8/11). Thus, among the 31 subjects who were not discharged from methadone maintenance, 90% (28/31) successfully completed INH prophylaxis. The median duration of therapy was 182 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis using a liquid isoniazid-methadone admixture appears to be an effective approach to enhancing compliance with this therapy in methadone-maintained drug users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8025, USA.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Selwyn
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011736:Pyridoxine; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009294:Narcotics; D011736:Pyridoxine; D008691:Methadone; D007538:Isoniazid