title: Antipsychotic effects and tolerability of the sigma ligand EMD 57445 (panamesine) and its metabolites in acute schizophrenia: an open clinical trial.
abstract: Antipsychotic efficacy and side effects of the selective sigma ligand EMD 57445 (panamesine) were investigated in 12 patients (6 males, 6 females) who met DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia. A 4-week open clinical study revealed only modest effects of EMD 57445 and its metabolites on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Extrapyramidal and other side effects were moderate, although a significant increase in mild dyskinetic movements was found. Five patients, four of whom were females, completed the trial. Dropouts were mainly due to treatment failure. Antipsychotic effects were significantly greater in female than male patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Germany. mjm@mail.psychiatrie.klinik.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gründer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wetzel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller-Siecheneder
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marx-Dannigkeit
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Benkert
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced; D001711:Biotransformation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017480:Receptors, sigma / Q000187:drug effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010080:Oxazoles; D010880:Piperidines; D017480:Receptors, sigma; C103849:panamesine