title: In vitro responses of gallbladder muscle from patients with acalculous biliary pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diagnosis and identification of patients with acalculous biliary pain, who would benefit from surgery, remains a significant clinical problem. The cholecystokinin (CCK) provocation test helps diagnosis, but lack of consistency limits its usefulness.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the response of gallbladder muscle strips, from patients with acalculous biliary pain, to hormonal and muscarinic stimulation and to compare these with strips from gallstone patients and normal controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with acalculous biliary pain were studied, 5 had a positive CCK test. Eight gallbladders from gallstone patients and 6 from partial hepatectomies were used for comparison.
  
  
  METHODS
  Muscle strips from the body and neck of the gallbladder were suspended in organ baths and dose-response curves were constructed for CCK-8 and carbachol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the acalculous group the strips from the body were less sensitive to carbachol than those of the neck.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since we found no differences in the CCK responses for the groups, it casts doubt over the effectiveness of the CCK test to diagnose acalculous biliary pain. Since carbachol sensitivity was different, it might be that a similar test using muscarinic stimulation would help in the diagnosis of this difficult group of patients.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgical and Anaesthetic Sciences, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chess-Williams
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012844:Sincalide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D002217:Carbachol; D012844:Sincalide