title: Is auditory imagery defective in patients with auditory hallucinations?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variant of the 'inner speech' theory of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia suggests that there is an abnormality of the relationship between the 'inner voice' and 'inner ear', such that hallucinators are unable to distinguish inner 'imagined' speech from real external speech, and so misrecognize inner speech as alien.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five experiments were carried out comparing 12 schizophrenic patients who were highly prone to hallucinate, with seven patients who were not, on a series of auditory imagery tasks that are differentially dependent on inner voice/inner ear partnership for successful performance: parsing meaningful letter/number strings; the verbal transformation effect; phoneme judgements; pitch judgements, and homophony and rhyme judgements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrary to our hypothesis, there was no evidence that the group with the propensity to hallucinate were impaired on tasks requiring normal inner ear/inner voice partnership.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together with previous work indicating no impairment of the phonological loop in patients who hallucinate, these results suggest that inner speech and auditory verbal hallucinations are not connected in a simplistic or direct way. Indeed, a reappraisal of psychological models of hallucinations in general may be warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001307:Auditory Perception; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013060:Speech; D016896:Treatment Outcome