title: Rho-kinase inhibitor retards migration and in vivo dissemination of human prostate cancer cells.
abstract: The Rho-kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, inhibited in vitro chemotactic migration to bone marrow fibroblast conditioned media and metastatic growth in immune-compromised mice of highly invasive human prostatic cancer (PC3) cells. Y-27632 also reduced myosin light chain phosphorylation and markedly altered the morphology of cells that developed numerous processes containing microtubules. A strikingly different, rounded phenotype was induced by an inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase, ML9. The M(110-130) subunit of the myosin phosphatase that is regulated by Rho-kinase was present in PC3 cells that contained significantly more RhoA than the less invasive, LNCaP cells. Y-27632 also inhibited angiogenesis as measured by endothelial cell tube formation on Matrigel. We conclude that invasiveness of human prostate cancer is facilitated by the Rho/Rho-kinase pathway, and exploration of selective Rho-kinase inhibitors for limiting invasive progress of prostate cancer is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22906, USA. avs5u@virginia.edu
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Somlyo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bradshaw
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Somlyo
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D043263:Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D001381:Azepines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011725:Pyridines; C056218:ML 9; C108830:Y 27632; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D043263:Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase