title: Comparative study of the toxic effects of gallium arsenide, indium arsenide and arsenic trioxide following intratracheal instillations to the lung of Syrian golden hamsters.
abstract: Toxic effects of gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs) and arsenic trioxide (As2O3) were studied in male Syrian golden hamsters. GaAs (7.7 mg/kg) and As2O3 (1.3 mg/kg) particles were instilled intratracheally twice a week a total of 16 times, while InAs (7.7 mg/kg) was instilled a total of 14 times. As a control, hamsters were treated with the vehicle, phosphate buffer solution. During the instillation period, the cumulative body weight gain of the InAs-, but not the GaAs- or As2O3-treated hamsters was suppressed significantly, when compared with the control group. Slight to severe inflammatory responses were observed in the lung for all treatment groups. The most severe inflammatory change, characterized by an accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages, exudation, thickness of the pleura and fibrotic proliferation was found in the InAs-treated hamsters. Extensive alveolar or bronchiolar cell hyperplasia with or without keratinizing squamous cell metaplasia was observed in almost all the InAs-treated hamsters. Furthermore, squamous cell metaplasia or squamous cell hyperplasia developed in some of the InAs-treated hamsters, but not in the GaAs- or As2O3-treated hamsters. Slight to mild lesions were found in the convoluted tubules of the kidney in both the GaAs and InAs groups. From the present study, the toxic potency of these particles was provisionally estimated to be in the following order: InAs > GaAs > As2O3, at the dosage level used in this study. Furthermore, there was evidence that InAs particles could induce pulmonary, renal or systemic toxicity, and as such, InAs particles may produce pulmonary precancerous change when instilled intratracheally into hamsters.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D005708:Gallium; D007204:Indium; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010087:Oxides; D014132:Trachea
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D007204:Indium; C043055:gallium arsenide; D005708:Gallium; C076773:indium arsenide; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide