title: Prostate specific antigen bounce after radioactive seed implantation followed by external beam radiation for prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate specific antigen (PSA) may temporarily increase following radiotherapy for prostate cancer without signaling cancer recurrence. We describe this phenomenon which is called PSA bounce.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1984 to 1995, 779 stage T1T2N0 cancer cases were treated with simultaneous radiotherapy with a 125iodine prostate implant followed by external beam radiation. Median pretreatment PSA was 7.7 ng./ml. (range 0.3 to 188). PSA bounce was defined as an increase of 0.1 ng./ml. or greater above the preceding PSA level after simultaneous radiation followed by a subsequent decrease below that level. Disease-free status was defined as the ability to achieve and maintain posttreatment PSA 0.2 ng./ml. or less.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PSA bounce was observed in 35% of men (273 of 779). Median time to PSA bounce was 18 months from the time of implant and 92% of bounces were observed within 36 months. Median pre-bounce PSA was 0.7 ng/ml. (range 0.1 to 8.9) and median bounce height (increase above the pre-bounce level) was 0.4 ng./ml. (range 0.1 to 15.8). No distinguishing characteristics were observed between men with PSA bounce and those with cancer recurrence, and bounce had no prognostic significance relative to recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PSA bounce is common following seed implantation for prostate cancer. It produces anxiety in men previously treated for prostate cancer and confounds the diagnosis of recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Radiotherapy Clinics of Georgia and Georgia Urology, Decatar, USA.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Critz
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Benton
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Levinson
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Holladay
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Holladay
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen