title: NADH-Regulated metabolic model for growth of Methylosinus trichosporiumOB3b. Cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene and optimization of bioreactor system performance.
abstract: A metabolic model describing growth of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and cometabolic contaminant conversion is used to optimize trichloroethene (TCE) conversion in a bioreactor system. Different process configurations are compared: a growing culture and a nongrowing culture to which TCE is added at both constant and pulsed levels. The growth part of the model, presented in the preceding article, gives a detailed description of the NADH regeneration required for continued TCE conversion. It is based on the metabolic pathways, includes Michaelis-Menten type enzyme kinetics, and uses NADH as an integrating and controlling factor. Here the model is extended to include TCE transformation, incorporating the kinetics of contaminant conversion, the related NADH consumption, toxic effects, and competitive inhibition between TCE and methane. The model realistically describes the experimentally observed negative effects of the TCE conversion products, both on soluble methane monooxygenase through the explicit incorporation of the activity of this enzyme and on cell viability through the distinction between dividing and nondividing cells. In growth-based systems, the toxicity of the TCE conversion products causes rapid cell death, which leads to wash-out of suspended cultures at low TCE loads (below microM inlet concentrations). Enzyme activity, which is less sensitive, is hardly affected by the toxicity of the TCE conversion products and ensures high conversions (>95%) up to the point of wash-out. Pulsed addition of TCE (0.014-0.048 mM) leads to a complete loss of viability. However, the remaining enzyme activity can still almost completely convert the subsequently added large TCE pulses (0.33-0.64 mM). This emphasizes the inefficient use of enzyme activity in growth-based systems. A comparison of growth-based and similar non-growth-based systems reveals that the highest TCE conversions per amount of cells grown can be obtained in the latter. Using small amounts of methane (negligible compared to the amount needed to grow the cells), NADH limitation in the second step of this two-step system can be eliminated. This results in complete utilization of enzyme activity and thus in a very effective treatment system.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering and Biochemistry Departments, University of Groningen, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Sipkema
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Koning
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ganzeveld
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Beenackers
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002455:Cell Division; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D020602:Methylosinus trichosporium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D008697:Methane