title: One drop of morphine added to local anesthetics by means of a 23-gauge injection needle can relieve postoperative pain under spinal anesthesia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine