title: Elucidating cell signaling mechanisms using antisense technology.
abstract: Many diseases result from defects in cell signaling. Achieving an in-depth understanding of the complex mechanisms by which cells transduce extracellular signals into cellular responses in both normal and diseased systems is a crucial step in the discovery of more effective drugs to treat human diseases. Traditional approaches for studying cell signaling have some limitations. Antisense oligonucleotides represent a novel approach for studying signal transduction processes that offers significant advantages in terms of specificity and versatility. This article reviews the opportunities that antisense oligonucleotides offer for the study of signal transduction pathways and identification of inhibitors of these pathways for drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA. ekoller@isisph.com
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gaarde
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Monia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense