title: Normohomocysteinaemia and vitamin-treated hyperhomocysteinaemia are associated with similar risks of cardiovascular events in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease. A prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mild hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHC) is associated with an increased risk of premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease. We investigated the clinical efficacy with regard to the incidence of cardiovascular events of treatment of mild HHC with vitamin B(6) plus folic acid.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 224 consecutive patients with clinically manifest atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease with onset before the age of 56. Follow-up was obtained in 203 (90.6%) patients. At baseline, 52 (25.6%) were hyperhomocysteinaemic after methionine loading and started treatment with vitamin B(6) (250 mg) plus folic acid (5 mg); 151 (74.4%) were normohomocysteinaemic (reference group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up (median 57 months), 31 (20.5%) of the normo- and 11 (21.2%) of the hyperhomocysteinaemic patients had a new cardiovascular event. The crude incidence rate per person-year for any cardiovascular event was similar in both groups (0.043 [CI, 0.029-0.057] in the normo- vs. 0.045 [CI, 0.021-0. 069] in the hyperhomocysteinaemic group). Multivariate Cox-regression analyses showed that hypertension and cholesterol levels were associated with an increased risk of new cardiovascular events in the total group [relative risk [RR] (yes vs. no), 7.4 (3. 4-16.0) and RR (per 1 mmol/l), 1.9 (CI, 1.4-2.7)]. The adjusted RR for new cardiovascular events in the hyper- as compared to the normohomocysteinaemic patients was 0.96 (CI, 0.48-1.92).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data are consistent with a protective effect of treatment with vitamin B(6) plus folic acid in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease and post-methionine HHC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgical Unit, University Hospital "Vrije Universiteit", PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. egj.vermeulen@azvu.nl
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rauwerda
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Erix
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Twisk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jakobs
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Witjes
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stehouwer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006397:Hematinics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008715:Methionine; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006397:Hematinics; D005492:Folic Acid; D008715:Methionine; D011736:Pyridoxine