title: Induction of pluripotency by injection of mouse trophectoderm cell nuclei into blastocysts following transplantation into enucleated oocytes.
abstract: Pluripotency of mouse trophectoderm (TE) cells was examined using a nuclear transfer technique. We transferred a TE cell to an enucleated oocyte and cultured the reconstituted oocyte to be blastocyst stage. Then a portion of the inner cell mass (ICM) isolated from the TE-origin blastocyst was injected into the cavity of a fertilized blastocyst to produce a chimeric embryo, which was transferred to a recipient female. Of 319 oocytes reconstituted with TE cells, 263 (82.4%) had a single nucleus (1PN), 3 (0.9%) had 2 nuclei (2PN) and 53 (16.6%) had a nucleus with a polar body (1PN1PB). Although the oocytes with 1PN and 2PN developed to blastocysts (81 of 263, 30.8% and 1 of 3, respectively), only those with 1PN were used to produce chimeric blastocysts. After the transfer of chimeric embryos to recipient females, 7 (28%) of 25 conceptuses analyzed at midgestation showed chimerism. Of those 5 (71%), 6 (86%) and 4 (57%) chimeric conceptuses showed distribution of donor nuclei in the fetus, membrane and placenta, and the distributions were 10 to 65, 10 to 50 and 10 to 15%, respectively. Of the 23 young obtained, 7 (30%; 2 males and 5 females) were coat color chimeras. The contributions of donor nuclei were detected in the brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney, testis, ovary and blood. Each coat-color chimeric mouse was mated with CD-1 male or female mice, but no germ line chimera was obtained. When ICM cells were used as the control nuclear donor, the contribution was equivalent to those of TE cells. In conclusion, pluripotency of mouse TE cells on a somatic line was induced, and chimeric young were obtained using a nuclear transplantation technique.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sotomaru
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002678:Chimera; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology*