title: Severe ectopic calcification of the intestinal wall in a patient on long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis therapy.
abstract: We report autopsy findings of a 69-year-old man on long-term CAPD therapy for 13 years who showed linear peritoneal calcification. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was started in 1982. He has been administered excessive amounts of vitamin D(3) derivatives (VitD) (2.0 to 2.5 microg daily) and calcium carbonate (4 g daily) for secondary hyperparathyroidism since initiation of CAPD. In May 1995, his intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level increased over 1,000 pg/mL. Immediately after VitD was changed from pill to liquid, the dose was increased to 5 microg daily. Although the serum calcium level remained between 4.5 and 4.9 mEq/L, and serum phosphate level was 5.0 to 7.2 mg/dL, plain abdominal radiography and computed tomography showed continuous calcification along the intestinal wall in October 1995. In spite of the continuation of CAPD therapy, he remained asymptomatic until he died of congestive heart failure in January 1997. He experienced eight episodes of peritonitis during his clinical course. Autopsy showed that numerous calcified plaques were present on the submucosal portion between the thickened serosa and the longitudinal layer of the muscularis externa. The remainder of the subserosa was fibrotic, and the small arteries had markedly thickened intima and severely narrowed lumina.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Center and Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ubara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tagami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuzuhara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takagawa
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D002118:Calcium