title: The role of surgery in the treatment of gastrointestinal lymphomas other than low-grade MALT lymphomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A bias in clinical investigations on gastrointestinal lymphomas is the lack of testing the intention to treat as to resection, emergency conditions at presentation and selection brought about by the evaluation of feasibility of surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study involved 154 patients with gastrointestinal nodular or high-grade MALT lymphomas, 111 with a gastric and 43 with an intestinal presentation. The decision to resect or treat conservatively was left to clinicians, on condition that it was previously defined for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Failure-free survival was significantly higher in the 106 resected patients than in the 48 unresected ones but did not differ according to either primary intention to treat or emergency surgery/elective treatment. Survival was similar in patients operated on by choice and in those because of an emergency. Intentionally unresected patients had a significantly better survival than those not undergoing surgery despite the initial intention, for a number of clinical reasons. Patients with gastric lymphoma survived longer than those with intestinal disease and prognostic factors were analyzed separately in the two groups. The best predictors of prognosis were performance status and serum lactic dehydrogenase level in gastric lymphomas, resection alone in intestinal ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis of gastric lymphomas depends on lymphoma-related factors and not on surgical treatment. The prognosis of intestinal ones is exclusively related to surgery. These data support the appropriateness of different clinical approaches to gastric and intestinal lymphomas.
authors.affiliation: Medicina Interna e Oncologia Medica, Università di Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, p.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy. gobbipg@smatteo.pv.it.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gobbi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ghirardelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavalli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baldini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Broglia
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Clò
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bertè
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ilariucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carotenuto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piccinini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stelitano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Attardo-Parrinello
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ascari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015996:Survival Rate