title: Increased flow precedes remote arteriolar dilations for some microapplied agonists.
abstract: This study asks which occurs first in time for remote responses: a dilation or a remote change in flow. Arteriolar diameter (approximately 20 microm) and fluorescently labeled red blood cell (RBC) velocity were measured in the cremaster muscle of anesthetized (pentobarbital sodium, 70 mg/kg) hamsters (n = 51). Arterioles were locally stimulated for 60 s with micropipette-applied 10 microg/ml LM-609 (alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin agonist), 10(-3) M adenosine, or 10(-3) M 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, nitric oxide donor) as remote response agonists or with 10(-3) M papaverine, which dilates only locally. Observations were made at a remote site 1,200 microm upstream. With LM-609 or adenosine, the RBC velocity increased first (within 5 s), and the remote dilation followed 5-7 s later. N-nitro-L-arginine (100 microM) blocked the LM-609 (100%) and adenosine (60%) remote dilations. SIN-1 induced a concurrent remote dilation and decrease in RBC velocity (approximately 10 s), suggesting the primary signal was to dilate. Papaverine had no remote effects. This study suggests that, although remote responses to some agonists are induced by primary signals to dilate, additionally, network changes in flow can stimulate extensive remote changes in diameter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. molly_frame@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Frame
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001160:Arterioles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019335:Nitroarginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010208:Papaverine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D019335:Nitroarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C112567:etaracizumab; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; C002385:linsidomine; D008981:Molsidomine; D010208:Papaverine; D000241:Adenosine