title: Systemic cytokine response after laparoscopic-assisted resection of rectosigmoid carcinoma: A prospective randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the systemic cytokine response in patients after laparoscopic-assisted resection with those after open resection of rectosigmoid carcinoma.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic resection of colorectal carcinoma is technically feasible, but objective evidence of its benefit is scarce. Systemic cytokines are accepted as markers of postoperative tissue trauma and mediators of the host immune response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four patients with rectosigmoid carcinoma, without evidence of metastatic disease and suitable for laparoscopic resection, were randomized to undergo either laparoscopic (n = 17) or conventional open (n = 17) resection of the tumor. Clinical parameters were recorded. Sera were collected before surgery and at appropriate time points afterward and assayed for interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein. The primary end points were the cytokine and C-reactive protein levels. Data were analyzed by intention to treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic data of the two groups were comparable. The clinical outcome of both groups was satisfactory, with no surgical deaths and a reasonable complication rate. Both interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 levels peaked 2 hours after surgery, with the responses in the laparoscopic group significantly less than those in the open group. C-reactive protein levels peaked at 48 hours, and the difference was also statistically significant. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha were not elevated after surgery, and there was no difference between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue trauma, as reflected by systemic cytokine response, was less after laparoscopic resection than after open resection of rectosigmoid carcinoma. The difference in the systemic cytokine response may have implications on the long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D012811:Sigmoid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein