Demographic, clinical, and neurocognitive correlates of everyday functional impairment in severe mental illness.
Although cognitive deficits often accompany severe mental illness, their implications for everyday functioning remain poorly understood. In this study, an occupational therapist (OT) rated the everyday functioning of 105 adult psychiatric patients. Using demographic, clinical, and cognitive variables, the authors tested alternative models to account for the observed variability in OT ratings. Although age, education, and the presence of schizophrenia each contributed to a model that accounted for 27% of the variation in functional independence, adding terms for auditory divided attention and verbal learning increased the proportion of explained variance to 45% and decreased the beta weights for age and education--but not schizophrenia--to nonsignificant levels. These findings demonstrate the relevance of cognitive performance to everyday functioning in severe mental illness. They are discussed with respect to hypothesized determinants of psychiatric disability.
Schretlen
D
D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. dschret@jhmi.edu
Jayaram
G
G
Maki
P
P
Park
K
K
Abebe
S
S
DiCarlo
M
M
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index