title: Identification of mutagenic heterocyclic amines (IQ, Trp-P-1 and AalphaC) in the water of the Danube river.
abstract: Three mutagenic heterocyclic amines, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[4, 5-f]quinoline (IQ), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AalphaC), were isolated and identified in water from the Danube River in Vienna. Heterocyclic amines were extracted from river water by the blue rayon hanging method, and analyzed by gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorous detector (GC-NPD) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after conversion into their N-dimethylaminomethylene derivatives. Identity of IQ, Trp-P-1 and AalphaC in the river water was confirmed by GC-MS. The contents of IQ, Trp-P-1 and AalphaC were estimated by GC-NPD at 1.78+/-0.17, 0.14+/-0.02 and 0.44+/-0.02 ng/g blue rayon equivalent (n=3), respectively. The total amounts of these amines accounted for 26% of the mutagenicity of blue rayon extracts evaluated by the Ames test using TA98 with metabolic activation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayatsu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hietsch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinkellner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narimatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knasmüller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayatsu
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007211:Indoles; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007211:Indoles; D009153:Mutagens; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C079284:blue rayon; D002482:Cellulose