title: Immunomodulation in horses.
abstract: Nonspecific immunomodulators are substances that induce non-antigen-specific enhancement of the body's native or acquired defense mechanisms. Immunomodulant preparations are most often used for treatment of chronic, viral, or bacterial infection with evidence of secondary immunosuppression. The proposed mechanism of action of these products is macrophage activation and subsequent release of cytokines that enhance humoral and cell-mediated immunity. In equine medicine, nonspecific immunostimulant products are used for prevention and treatment of infectious respiratory disease and treatment of sarcoid skin tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Flaminio
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D006736:Horses
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic