title: Vav2 is an activator of Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA.
abstract: Vav and Vav2 are members of the Dbl family of proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family proteins. Whereas Vav expression is restricted to cells of hematopoietic origin, Vav2 is widely expressed. Although Vav and Vav2 share highly related structural similarities and high sequence identity in their Dbl homology domains, it has been reported that they are active GEFs with distinct substrate specificities toward Rho family members. Whereas Vav displayed GEF activity for Rac1, Cdc42, RhoA, and RhoG, Vav2 was reported to exhibit GEF activity for RhoA, RhoB, and RhoG but not for Rac1 or Cdc42. Consistent with their distinct substrate targets, it was found that constitutively activated versions of Vav and Vav2 caused distinct transformed phenotypes when expressed in NIH 3T3 cells. In contrast to the previous findings, we found that Vav2 can act as a potent GEF for Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA in vitro. Furthermore, we found that NH(2)-terminally truncated and activated Vav and Vav2 caused indistinguishable transforming actions in NIH 3T3 cells that required Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA function. In addition, like Vav and Rac1, we found that Vav2 activated the Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase cascade and also caused the formation of lamellipodia and membrane ruffles in NIH 3T3 cells. Finally, Vav2-transformed NIH 3T3 cells showed up-regulated levels of Rac-GTP. We conclude that Vav2 and Vav share overlapping downstream targets and are activators of multiple Rho family proteins. Therefore, Vav2 may mediate the same cellular consequences in nonhematopoietic cells as Vav does in hematopoietic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Rossman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ritola
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burridge
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Der
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C496619:Vav1 protein, mouse; C490565:Vav2 protein, mouse; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein