title: Altered IgG(4) renal clearance in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Evidence for a subclinical impairment of protein charge renal selectivity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A loss of intestinal glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) has been shown in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Since GAGs are involved in the regulation of renal protein filtration and GAGs disruption is associated with anionic proteinuria, we examined whether changes in the selectivity of renal protein filtration occur in IBD.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 46 patients with IBD (17 with Crohn's disease (CD), and 29 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 21 healthy subjects, urine and serum samples were obtained. Albumin, total IgG and IgG(4) clearances were measured using sensitive methods. Serum p-ANCA and TNF-alpha were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median IgG(4) clearance was 0.041 ml/ min/10(-3) in patients with UC and 0.10 ml/ min/10(-3) in CD patients, both significantly higher than in controls (0.03 ml/min/10(-3)) (P<0.03). IgG(4) clearance was above the upper normal limit in 9/17 CD (53%) and in 10/29 UC (34.5%). Eighteen of 19 patients showing abnormal IgG(4) clearance were taking mesalazine. In patients on maintenance oral mesalazine, IgG(4) clearance was higher than that in patients off treatment (0.12 vs 0.03 ml/min/10(-3), P=0.04). No clinical/laboratory sign of renal dysfunction was documented in patients with altered IgG(4) clearance and maintained on mesalazine treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal protein charge permselectivity is impaired in 40% of patients with IBD with no overt proteinuria. Our data suggest that altered IgG(4) clearance may represent a subclinical marker of renal involvement in IBD.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Universita' di Catanzaro and Cattedra di Endocrinologia, Universita' di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monteleone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cristina
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Parrello
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biancone
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pietravalle
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sagratella
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doldo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luzza
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Di Mario
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pallone
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000652:urine*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; D015415:Biomarkers; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019804:Mesalamine