title: Supersensitivity by AF64A, a novel inhibitor of neuronal choline-uptake, of the rat iris sphincter smooth muscle.
abstract: Effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) on contractile responses to agonists or transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) were examined in rat iris sphincter muscle. The responses to TNS of isolated sphincter muscle were abolished within 1 hr after the addition of 0.1 mM AF64A to the bathing solution, while responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were not changed significantly. In sphincter muscles which were isolated 3 days after the micro-injection of 100 nmol AF64A into the anterior chamber of eyes in vivo, the response to TNS were decreased to about 30% of the control. The injection of AF64A at higher concentrations often resulted in serious chronic damage of the eye. When 100 nmol AF64A was injected twice with an interval of 3 days, the response to TNS was decreased to about 20% of the control. Maximum responses and sensitivities to ACh and 5-HT were markedly enhanced in sphincters from eyes which had been treated with AF64A twice. The sensitivity of depolarized sphincters to external Ca2+ was also increased significantly. Seven weeks after the second injection, responses to TNS recovered to more than 50% of the control and the effects of AF64A mostly disappeared. In conclusion, the acute inhibition of parasympathetic transmission without postsynaptic changes can be achieved within 1 hr after bath-application of 0.1 mM AF64A. The reduction of parasympathetic nerve activity by treatment with AF64A in vivo induces nonspecific supersensitivity in iris sphincter, whereas effects of AF64A were mostly reversible under the present experimental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Yamahara
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kondoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001388:Aziridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007498:Iris / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001388:Aziridines; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; C044894:ethylcholine aziridinium; D002794:Choline