title: Local and systemic immune response in community-dwelling elderly after intranasal or intramuscular immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine.
abstract: Intramuscular (IM) influenza vaccines are about 50% effective in preventing clinical illness among the elderly and their effectiveness in eliciting mucosal response may be even lower. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunological effect of a novel inactivated intranasal (IN) trivalent whole influenza virus vaccine among community-dwelling elderly. Sixty-one subjects were vaccinated with two doses of an IN vaccine and a control group of 31 subjects was vaccinated with a commercial IM vaccine. Viral strains in the 1997/8 vaccine used were A/Nanchang/933/95(H3N2), A/Johannesburg/82/96(H1N1) and B/Harbin/7/94. Serum IgG and nasal IgA were determined by HI and ELISA, respectively. Only a few minor local adverse events were reported after vaccination. Seroconversion for the three antigens tested was higher after IM vaccination, although not statistically significant. Local antibody response to the three antigens tested was detected in 50-53% and 19-26% of IN and IM immunized subjects, respectively. The IN vaccine tested was significantly more effective than the IM vaccine in inducing mucosal IgA response. This may prevent influenza at its early stages and thus contribute to the reduction of complications in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muszkat
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Yehuda
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Schein
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Friedlander
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Naveh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Greenbaum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlesinger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zakay-Rones
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines