title: GCD quantitation of opiates as propionyl derivatives in blood.
abstract: We describe a method using a gas chromatograph with electron ionization detection (GCD) for the simultaneous determination of morphine, codeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, ethylmorphine, and dihydrocodeine in blood. The method employs propionic anhydride in the presence of triethylamine to propionylate free hydroxyl groups of the opiates in blood. The quantitation is achieved by using GCD with selected ion monitoring of the two most characteristic ions for each analyte. The quantitation limit was 0.01 mg/L and the linearity was 0.01-10 mg/L for dihydrocodeine, ethylmorphine, and 6-monoacetylmorphine. For the other investigated opiates, the quantitation limit was 0.025 mg/L and linearity was 0.025-10 mg/L. The intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) varied from 7.2 to 10% at the 0.5 mg/L level, and the day-to-day RSDs varied from 7.5 to 11% at the 0.85 mg/L level.
authors.affiliation: National Public Health Institute, Laboratory of Substance Abuse, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mykkänen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seppälä
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ariniemi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lillsunde
mesh_terms: D000812:Anhydrides / Q000737:chemistry; D003061:Codeine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005021:Ethylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D005036:Ethylmorphine / Q000097:blood; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000097:blood; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000097:blood; D009294:Narcotics / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D011422:Propionates / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000812:Anhydrides; D005021:Ethylamines; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D009294:Narcotics; D011422:Propionates; D009020:Morphine; C096126:propionic anhydride; C026979:6-O-monoacetylmorphine; C014481:dihydrocodeine; D005036:Ethylmorphine; D003061:Codeine; C016162:triethylamine