title: The effects of E2 supplementation from the early proliferative phase to the late secretory phase of the endometrium in hMG-stimulated IVF-ET.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to determine if pregnancy rates (PRs) for hMG (human menopausal gonadotropin)-stimulated IVF-ET (in vitro fertilization--embryo transfer) can be increased by estradiol (E2) supplementation from the early proliferative phase to the late secretory phase of the endometrium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one infertile women with pure tubal factor were randomized into two groups. One group received no E2 supplementation (control group) and the other received oral E2 supplementation (2 mg two times daily) from the early proliferative phase starting on the third day of the menstrual cycle to the late secretory phase of the endometrium, with hMG stimulation for ovulation induction starting on the sixth day of the menstrual cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 85 cycles, at least one embryo was transferred. Compared with the control group (n = 27 cycles), the E2 supplementation group (n = 58 cycles) had a significantly higher PR (control, 25.9%, versus E2 supplementation, 48.3%) and IR per ET (control, 10%, versus E2 supplementation, 26%), but FRs per retrieved oocytes were not statistically different between the two groups (control, 74%, versus E2 supplementation group, 73%). Four spontaneous abortions occurred in the E2 supplementation group, and one case in the control group. Ectopic pregnancy occurred in one case in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical PRs and IRs in the E2 supplementation group were significantly higher than in the control group, while FRs in the control group did not differ statistically from the E2 supplementation group. This suggests that E2 supplementation from the early proliferative phase to the late secretory phase of the endometrium in hMG-stimulated IVF-ET increases the receptivity of the endometrium for transferred embryos and clinical PRs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Kwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Roh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy*; D008596:Menotropins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D008596:Menotropins