Coordinate expression of secretory phospholipase A(2) and cyclooxygenase-2 in activated human keratinocytes.
PGE(2) levels are altered in human epidermis after in vivo wounding; however, mechanisms modulating PGE(2) production in activated keratinocytes are unclear. In previous studies, we showed that PGE(2) is a growth-promoting autacoid in human primary keratinocyte cultures, and its production is modulated by plating density, suggesting that regulated PGE(2) synthesis is an important component of wound healing. Here, we examine the role of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes in modulation of PGE(2) production. We report that the increased PGE(2) production that occurs in keratinocytes grown in nonconfluent conditions is also observed after in vitro wounding, indicating that similar mechanisms are involved. This increase was associated with coordinate upregulation of both COX-2 and secretory PLA(2) (sPLA(2)) proteins. Increased sPLA(2) activity was also observed. By RT-PCR, we identified the presence of type IIA and type V sPLA(2), along with the M-type sPLA(2) receptor. Thus the coordinate expression of sPLA(2) and COX-2 may be responsible for the increased prostaglandin synthesis in activated keratinocytes during wound repair.
Rys-Sikora
K E
KE
Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
Konger
R L
RL
Schoggins
J W
JW
Malaviya
R
R
Pentland
A P
AP
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D054507:Receptors, Phospholipase A2; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
D005227:Fatty Acids; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C516360:PLA2R1 protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D054507:Receptors, Phospholipase A2; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D015232:Dinoprostone