title: [Methods of sperm microinjection as an instrument of assisted reproduction and a study of the biology of fertilization].
abstract: Recent success in assisted fertilization mainly depended on the development of sperm microinjection methods: intracytoplasmic sperm injection and subzonal insemination. Some basic mechanisms that underlie fertilization were revealed by using intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In respect to this, problems of fertility, oocyte activation, formation of pronuclei and practical aspects of intracytoplasmic sperm injection are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Oblast', Russia.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Galat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology