title: Unique morphological alterations of the HTLV-I transformed C8166 cells by infection with HIV-1.
abstract: C8166 cells express T lymphocyte markers, a monocyte-specific esterase, taxpolypeptide of HTLV-I. In spite of this transactivator, their HIV-1 yield is low. Their culture conditions were modified, and infected cells were immobilized on a poly-L-lysine sheet under semisolid overlays to study their phenotypic alterations and HIV-1 production by microscopy and electron microscopy. Another lymphoid cultures (MT-4, CEM, CEM-ss, AdCEM) similarly treated were infected with either HIV-1/RF or IIIB. Specificity of HIV-1 was compared to the effects of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Unlike other cultures, HIV-1/RF infected C8166 cells in Eagle s MEM exhibited surface projections resembling hairy leukemia cells, which was followed by balloon degeneration and apoptosis. Immobilized HIV-1 infected cultures formed flat syncytia with several interdigitating dendritic projections. Syncytia shrunk with condensed nuclear material and axon-like filaments characteristic for infected macrophages. VSV induced enlargement and necrotic lysis of all cell types. Early postinfection with HIV-1, electron microscopy revealed irreversible membrane fusion above cell nuclei, and transient fusion between filaments. Transient presence of coated vesicles containing intact HIV-1 particles, Birbeck granule-like structures of Langerhans cells, fibrillar-lamellar structures resembling hairy leukemia or Sézary cells were detected. Late postinfection, high proportion of HIV-1 bud from polarized cytoplasm was empty particle, while that bud and entrapped in cytoplasmic vacuoles contained two or multiple cores in a fused envelope. The effect of early gene products of HIV-1 on HTLV-I and C8166 cells might elicit their latent potentials for monocyte or interdigitating dendritic cells, while in the later phase HTLV-I products might alter HIV-1 virion assembly.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Dermato-Venerology Mária utca 41., Budapest, 1085, Hungary. ongjos@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ongrádi
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Laird
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Szilágyi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bendinelli
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008871:Microvilli / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010641:Phenotype; D011533:Proviruses / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium