The impact of imagining completed versus interrupted smoking on cigarette craving.
A brief imagery procedure was used to determine the effects of imagining completed versus interrupted smoking on self-reported craving, mood, autonomic functioning, and reaction time to an auditory probe. Cigarette smokers (N = 60) imagined actively participating in 3 types of scenarios in which they (a) engaged in smoking behavior, (b) attempted to smoke but were interrupted by a lack of cigarettes, and (c) were not confronted with smoking cues. Imagining both completed and interrupted smoking produced equivalent increases in craving compared with imagining neutral scenarios. Imagery of interrupted smoking was associated with higher heart rate and increased negative mood relative to the other scenario types, whereas imagery of completed smoking was associated with slower reaction time on the probe reaction-time task. Theoretical and methodological implications of the results are discussed.
Conklin
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CA
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1364, USA.
Tiffany
S T
ST
Vrana
S R
SR
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*