title: In Situ Observation of Growth Process of alpha-L-Glutamic Acid with Atomic Force Microscopy.
abstract: The growth kinetics of the (111) and (001) faces of an alpha-L-glutamic acid crystal was investigated from the measurements of the growth rates, coupling with in situ surface observation using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The data of the growth rates were examined by applying the theoretical equations of the BCF and NaN models. The results indicate that the growth mechanism is not due to the screw dislocation but to the two-dimensional nucleation, i.e., the NaN model. It was confirmed by AFM observation that both the (111) and (001) faces grew with the "nucleus above nucleus" (NaN) mechanism. However, the difference of the two-dimensional nucleation behavior was observed between the faces. The growing surface of the (111) face was also observed in the presence of L-phenylaline (L-Phe) and the pinning effect by L-Phe on the growing step on the (111) face was confirmed. This result supports the mechanism of the additive effect, which was proposed previously. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onuma