title: Subjective memory complaint in relation to cognitive performance and depression: a longitudinal study of a rural Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the associations of subjective memory complaint (SMC) in old age with (a) objective test performance, (b) past and subsequent cognitive decline, and (c) depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of community residents were examined twice during a 3-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two townships on a rural Chinese islet.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 543 men and women aged 65 years and older.
  
  
  METHODS
  During each examination, neurologists interviewed and examined all participants for dementia and asked the question, "Do you have trouble with your memory?" In addition, research assistants administered (a) the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) to assess cognitive abilities, including long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM), and (b) the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Version (GDS-S) to assess symptoms of depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At each examination, almost half of the subjects acknowledged having trouble with their memory (the SMC+ group). At both examinations, the SMC+ group scored significantly lower on the CASI and significantly higher on the GDS-S than the SMC- group. However, the presence of SMC was not associated with faster cognitive decline over the past or subsequent 3 years. There were no consistent associations between SMC and the demographic variables of age, gender, and education at the two examinations. Logistic regression analysis showed that SMC was associated with poorer memory test scores after controlling for gender, age, education, and depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SMC was associated with poorer objective memory performance even after controlling the effect of depression and demographic data, but SMC did not predict faster cognitive decline or dementia over 3 years.
authors.affiliation: The Neurological Institute, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fuh
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Shyu
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003071:Cognition; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010808:Physical Examination; D012424:Rural Population