title: Quantitative analysis of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, and their tissue inhibitors-1 and -2 in human placenta throughout gestation.
abstract: To elucidate the implication of type IV collagenases(MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) for placental development, we quantified their levels in the conditioned media of placental organ culture and primary culture of the trophoblast as well as in the tissue extracts of placentas from different stages of gestation using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. First trimester villous tissue secreted about 10 times more pro-MMP-2 than pro-MMP-9, and pro-MMP-2 levels dramatically decreased in the second trimester. On the other hand, pro-MMP-9 levels were more than 10 times higher than those of pro-MMP-2 in the primary culture of the first trimester trophoblast, indicating the involvement of stromal cells for prominent pro-MMP-2 secretion from first trimester villous tissue described above. Levels of TIMPs, especially those of TIMP-2, remained constant throughout gestation both in the culture media and tissue extracts. Gelatin zymography revealed abundant secretion of the active form of MMP-2 as well as pro-MMP-2 from first trimester villous tissue. Western immunoblot analysis confirmed the presence of both TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in placental tissue. These results suggest that active secretion of MMP-2 from villous tissue in the first trimester and constant production of TIMPs throughout gestation are characteristic of placental development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizutani
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9