title: Treatable chondral injuries in the knee: frequency of associated focal subchondral edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the knee, chondral flaps and fractures are radiographically occult articular cartilage injuries that can mimic meniscal tears clinically; once correctly diagnosed, these injuries can be treated surgically. We investigated an associated MR imaging finding--focal subchondral bone edema--in a series of surgically proven lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two musculoskeletal radiologists retrospectively reviewed the MR studies of 18 knees with arthroscopically proven treatable cartilage infractions, noting articular surface defects and associated subchondral bone edema; subchondral edema was defined as focal regions of high signal intensity in the bone immediately underlying an articular surface defect on a T2-weighted or short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) image.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first observer saw focal subchondral edema deep relative to a cartilage surface defect in 15 (83%) of the 18 cases; in two additional cases a surface defect was seen without underlying edema. The second observer identified 13 knees (72%) with surface defects and associated subchondral edema and three with chondral surface defects and no associated edema. Subchondral edema was seen more frequently on fat-suppressed images and on STIR images than non-fat-suppressed images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Focal subchondral edema is commonly visible on MR images of treatable, traumatic cartilage defects in the knee; this MR finding may prove to be an important clue to assist in the detection of these traumatic chondral lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Harner
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Costello
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies