title: High energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of patients in urinary retention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the efficacy of high energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy for treating urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1993 and March 1999, 41 patients with urinary retention were treated with high energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy. Initial evaluation consisted of a history, clinical examination, urethrocystoscopy, transrectal prostate ultrasonography and urodynamic investigation with a pressure flow study. Followup visits at 12, 26 and 52 weeks included International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS), uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine volume determination. At 26 weeks the urodynamic study was repeated. Kaplan-Meier plots were constructed to evaluate the risk of re-treatment adjusted for patients lost to followup.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline median patient age was 74 years and median prostate size was 67 ml. Median 133 kJ. were administered. Nine patients underwent re-treatment and 11 were lost to followup. The re-treatment rate after 1 year was 25% (95% confidence interval 11 to 40). In good responders at 12, 26 and 52 weeks median maximal urine free flow was 15, 11 and 15 ml. per second, post-void residual urine volume was 61, 8 and 35 ml., and I-PSS was 7, 5 and 2, respectively. Quality of life (I-PSS question 8) was 1 at all visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with severe co-morbidity transurethral microwave thermotherapy is often the only alternative to an indwelling catheter with obvious quality of life advantages. High energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy appears to be effective in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Floratos
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Sonke
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Francisca
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kiemeney
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Kortmann
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Debruyne
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: de la Rosette
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003972:Diathermy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D014521:Urethra; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*