[Radiation risk of malignant tumors in cosmonauts over life time as a result of participation in interplanetary and orbital missions].
The paper considers model concepts of cell blast-transformation and oncogenesis in humans consequent to ionizing irradiation with varying dose rates and lengths of exposure. Presented are data of epidemiologic studies of oncologic risks for different organs and body tissues at different ages in a year since exposure calculated per a unit of absorbed dose (1 cGy). Probability of tumor development in males of different age due to chronic irradiation of various lengths was determined per a dose unit. Based on these data and with regard for possible dose loads on interplanetary and orbital crews, oncologic risk for cosmonauts was calculated in terms of life time. The dependence of radiation-induced oncologic risks on type and duration of space mission, shielding thickness, and solar cycle was analyzed. The authors compare values of the total radiation risk and oncologic risk for cosmonauts launched at various ages.
Shafirkin
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Venediktova
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D018480:Astronauts; D003359:Cosmic Radiation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013026:Space Flight; D013997:Time Factors