title: Analysis of plasmid and chromosomal DNA of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhi from Asia.
abstract: Molecular analysis of chromosomal DNA from 193 multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from 1990 to 1995 from Pakistan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Bangladesh, and India produced a total of five major different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Even within a particular country MDR S. enterica serovar Typhi DNA was found to be in different PFGE groups. Similar self-transferable 98-MDa plasmids belonging to either incompatibility group incHI1 or incHI1/FIIA were implicated in the MDR phenotype in S. enterica serovar Typhi isolates from all the locations except Quetta, Pakistan, where the majority were of incFIA. A total of five different PFGE genotypes with six different plasmids, based on incompatibility and restriction endonuclease analysis groups, were found among these MDR S. enterica serovar Typhi isolates.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariuki
authors.forename: K Z
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Mamun
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Beeching
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hart
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D001618:beta-Lactamases