title: Surgical management of complete ureteric duplication abnormalities in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variety of clinical problems due to complete ureteric duplication (CUD) in children may be encountered. Surgical management of CUD varies and is controversial. Therefore, we reviewed the cases of 15 children with CUD operated on at our hospital in an effort to evaluate the various facets of this disorder that influenced our surgical management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen children with abnormalities associated with CUD underwent surgery from 1987 to 1998. There were 14 girls and one boy. Their age at surgery ranged from 15 days to 3.5 years (average, 9.5 months). All children underwent ultrasonography, including 10 intravenous urograms and five prenatal examinations. The anatomic abnormalities of all children were noted according to the Weigert-Meyer rule.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six of 15 ultrasonograms were misinterpreted as hydronephrosis only, while the 10 intravenous urograms were interpreted correctly as CUD. Four patients had recurrent urinary tract infections after surgery. Two of them underwent further surgery, one for stone formation in the residual ureter stump and the other for persistent ureterocele. There was one surgical complication after an upper pole nephroureterectomy. It involved ureteric necrosis with urine leakage. This patient underwent ipsilateral lower pole nephrectomy 28 days after the first operation. All children remained symptom-free during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accurate diagnosis of duplex kidney requires careful imaging studies, especially for fetal renal abnormalities. Management of CUD should be individualized. Usually, upper pole nephroureterectomy is performed for a nonfunctioning moiety. For functioning segments, ureteropyelostomy or ureteric reimplantation can be considered. The results are satisfactory, but long-term follow-up is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*