title: Aromatic DNA adducts in coke-oven workers, in relation to exposure, lifestyle and genetic polymorphism of metabolic enzymes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the effect of multiple factors, including exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), lifestyle, genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1, glutathione transferase (GST)M1, GSTP1, N-acetyltransferase (NAT)2 and gene p53, as well as any family history of cancer, on DNA adduct levels in coke-oven workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five coke-oven workers employed at the largest iron-steel factory in China were recruited for the study. Personal data were collected at the interview. DNA adduct levels in total white blood cells (WBCs) were detected using 32P-postlabeling techniques. Genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects were divided into low and high exposure groups, according to personal exposure to PAHs. The mean adduct value was 1.57 (range 0.54 to 4.35) per 10(8) nucleotides. A tendency for increased levels of DNA adducts in the high exposure group was observed, compared with the low exposure group (P = 0.07). In the low exposure group, DNA adducts were found to be positively associated with urinary cotinine (r = 0.44, P = 0.01). The rare allele homozygotes of CYP1A1 showed significantly higher DNA adduct levels than those of other CYP1A1 genotypes. Individuals with the NAT2 wild type had significantly increased DNA adduct levels than those with other NAT2 genotypes in the high exposure group. The p53 genetic polymorphism revealed a significantly positive effect on DNA adducts formation. There was a significantly higher adduct level in the subjects with a family history of cancer than those without, in the high exposure category.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Effects of several variables, such as smoking, genetic polymorphism of 2 CYP1A1, NAT2, and gene p53, and a family history of cancer on DNA adduct levels were found, suggesting that these variables should be considered when evaluating the genotoxic effect of occupational exposure to PAHs using WBCs DNA adducts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Science, Saga Medical School, Japan. g9615@smsnet.saga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichiba
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomokuni
mesh_terms: D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003077:Coke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003367:Cotinine / Q000652:urine; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000378:metabolism*; D016158:Genes, p53; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D003077:Coke; D018736:DNA Adducts; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C478900:NAT2 protein, human; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D003367:Cotinine