title: Replacement of soybean oil with tallow in rye-based diets without xylanase increases protein synthesis in small intestine of broilers.
abstract: We examined the effects of dietary fat type (10% of either soybean oil, S, or beef tallow, T)(3) and xylanase supplementation (-, without; +, with 1 g of Avizyme 1300 per kg diet) in rye- based diets (56%) on tissue protein synthesis in male broilers. Birds were injected with a large flooding dose of a phenylalanine solution (150 mmol/L, 38 atom percentage excess [(15) N] phenylalanine) and tissues were obtained after a 10-min incorporation period. [(15) N]-enrichment in tissue free phenylalanine and tissue protein bound phenylalanine were measured by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry and by gas-chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass-spectrometry, respectively in order to calculate tissue specific fractional rates of protein synthesis (k(s)). The k(s) (%/d) in (S-), (S+), (T-) and (T+)-fed birds were 56, 64, 84 and 61 (SEM = 3.7) in duodenum, 51, 52, 75 and 58 in jejunum (SEM = 3.1), 66, 67, 105 and 68 (SEM =7.0) in jejunal mucosa cells, 53, 56, 68 and 50 (SEM = 3.7) in ileum and 52, 45, 118 and 39 (SEM = 20.2) in pancreas, respectively. Significant fat, enzyme or interaction effects in these tissues were mainly caused by the elevated k(s) in (T-)-fed birds which was closely associated with intestinal viscosity. We conclude that the effect of soluble nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) and of NSP-hydrolyzing enzymes may be explained partially by modification in tissue protein synthesis of the intestinal tract.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition and Planned Crop Storage, Agricultural Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Böttcher
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeroch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thielebein
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005223:Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012434:Secale; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014783:Viscosity; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005223:Fats; D010649:Phenylalanine; D012313:RNA; D013024:Soybean Oil; D004247:DNA; C013698:tallow; D014995:Xylosidases; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase