title: Does anovulation induced by oral contraceptives favor pregnancy during the following two menstrual cycles?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare IVF and pregnancy outcomes before and after anovulation induced by oral contraceptives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infertility clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty women with two intact ovaries (32 of 40 couples with male factor infertility and 8 with unknown causes of infertility) underwent 190 IVF treatment cycles (55 natural cycles and 135 clomiphene citrate-stimulated cycles).
  
  
  METHODS
  If the women failed to conceive after 2-4 IVF treatment cycles, oral contraceptives were used to induce anovulation for 1 month before IVF was performed in two consecutive cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rates of oocyte retrieval, fertilization, cleavage, preembryo formation, pregnancy, and implantation were compared before and after a period of anovulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pregnancy rate per cycle of the first and second cycle combined (23%) and that of the second cycle alone (30%) after a period of anovulation were significantly higher than that observed before a period of anovulation (9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anovulation induced by oral contraceptives, showing bilateral ovarian quiescence, enhances pregnancy rates in the following two menstrual cycles of IVF treatment.
authors.affiliation: Fukuda Ladies Clinic, Ako, Japan. fukuda8767@gem.bekkoame.ne.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yding Andersen
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Byskov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate
chemical_list: D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D002996:Clomiphene; D009644:Norgestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol