title: Regulation of mammary epithelial cell phenotypes by the helix-loop-helix protein, Id-1.
abstract: Mammary epithelial cells undergo cycles of proliferation, invasion, differentiation and apoptotic cell-death throughout adult life. The molecular mechanisms that regulate these complex and co-ordinated developmental programs are poorly understood. We have identified Id-1 protein, a negative regulator of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, as a critical regulator of these normal mammary epithelial cell phenotypes. We also found that Id-1 is an important regulator of the aggressive and invasive phenotype, as well as mediator of the effects of sex steroid hormones, in human breast cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Geraldine Brush Cancer Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94115, USA.
authors.forename: C Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parrinello
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campisi
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Desprez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens; D004971:Estrus; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018257:Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; C497453:ID1 protein, human; C497454:ID1 protein, rat; C497455:Idb1 protein, mouse; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors