title: Oxidation parameters in complete correction of renal anemia.
abstract: Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are more exposed to oxidative stress, with its adverse impact on many cell functions and not least on patient survival. There is evidence that partial correction of renal anemia by erythropoietin (rhEPO) therapy reduces oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to clarify whether complete correction of renal anemia with rhEPO reduces free radical generation in HD patients and increases antioxidant supply. The following parameters: malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) were investigated in patients with a hematocrit (Hct) normalized on rhEPO therapy (Hct > or = 0.4), and compared with those in anemic patients (Hct 0.3 - 0.39 and Hct < 0.3). The groups were similar in age, sex or body weight. Patients with normal Hct were significantly longer in the chronic HD program (74.0 +/- 70.3 vs. 23.0 +/- 30.9 and 30.6 +/- 34.8 months; p < 0.05) and received significantly lower doses of iron (35.7 +/- 19.5 vs. 55.4 +/- 26.0 and 80.0 +/- 47.1 mg/week; p < 0.05) and rhEPO (68.9 +/- 63.6 vs. 106.5 +/- 63.9 and 152.8 +/- 86.0 IU/kg/week; p < 0.05). MDA levels were significantly lower in the group with normal Hct than in the comparison groups (1.54 +/- 0.27 vs. 1.98 +/- 0.52 and 2.23 +/- 0.93 micromol/l; p < 0.01), but did not differ significantly between the anemic groups. GSH and GSSG concentrations corrected for erythrocyte levels showed no significant differences, but whole-blood levels in patients with Hct > or = 0.4 and 0.3 - 0.39 were significantly higher than in patients with Hct < 0.3 (GSH: 0.97 +/- 0.42 vs. 1.03 +/- 0.38 and 0.62 +/- 0.34 micromol/ml; GSSG: 14.57 +/- 6.06 vs 13.07 +/- 5.18 and 7.28 +/- 3.64 micromol/l; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After correction of renal anemia, MDA levels are significantly lower - reflecting decreased free radical generation - than in anemic HD patients. Whole-blood antioxidant capacity is significantly increased. Overall, rhEPO therapy has clearly positive effects on free radical metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic, Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ludat
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sommerburg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grune
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Siems
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hampl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D006435:Renal Dialysis