Surface tension, proteinuria, and the urine bubbles of Hippocrates.
Hippocrates noted that bubbles in urine were associated with kidney disease. We examined changes in surface tension responsible for bubble formation in urine, to investigate whether surface tension could be a more accurate and continuous linear predictor of 24-h proteinuria than currently available tests on spot urine.
Diskin
C J
CJ
Stokes
T J
TJ
Dansby
L M
LM
Carter
T B
TB
Radcliff
L
L
D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013500:Surface Tension; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*