title: Value of immunohistochemical Ki-67 and p53 determinations as predictive factors of outcome in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nuclear grade and tumor stage are important prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma, but tumors of similar stage and grade can exhibit a wide variation in biologic behavior and clinical outcome. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the immunologic markers, Ki-67 (MIB1) and p53, in 73 cases of conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma and compared these markers with the accepted prognostic features of grade, stage, and tumor size in predicting outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of 73 renal cell carcinomas of different nuclear grade (20 Furhman I/II, 32 Fuhrman III, and 21 Fuhrman IV) and different stage (10 pT1, 23 pT2, 36 pT3, and 4 pT4) were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against Ki-67 and p53.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate statistical analysis showed that tumor size (P <0. 001), nuclear grade (P <0.01), tumor stage (P <0.01), Ki-67 index (P <0.001), and p53 immunostaining (P <0.03) correlated significantly with a poor prognosis. A Ki-67 index of 20% was a powerful predictor of survival in all patients (P <0.00001), with strong predictive values. On multivariate analysis, the Ki-67 index and metastases were significant independent prognostic factors (P <0.02 and <0.01, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ki-67 immunostaining appeared to be an additional prognostic indicator of biologic aggressiveness in renal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical assessment of tumor antigens could be used to identify patients at high risk of tumor progression in addition to conventional prognostic factors.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rioux-Leclercq
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Turlin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bansard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manunta
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moulinoux
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillé
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ramée
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lobel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53