title: Amniotic fluid nitric oxide metabolite levels and nitric oxide synthase localization in feto-placental tissues are modified in association with human labor.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) has a relaxant effect on uterine smooth muscle and may be implicated in maintaining uterine quiescence during pregnancy. In order to investigate the role of nitric oxide in human parturition, we have measured NO metabolite levels in maternal and fetal compartments in association with labor, both at term and preterm. We have also examined the localization and distribution of NO synthase (NOS) isoforms in placentas and fetal membranes after term and preterm delivery by means of immunohistochemistry. Although no differences were present in maternal and fetal blood and in maternal urine among groups, we found that NO metabolite concentrations were higher in amniotic fluid collected from women in labor than in non-laboring patients, both at term (15.4+/-1.6 vs. 6.8+/-0.6 microM/mg creatinine) and preterm (16.7+/-2.0 vs. 7.0+/-0.8 microM/mg creatinine). Ir-bNOS staining appeared to be decreased in fetal membranes collected after spontaneous labor at term and preterm. In contrast, a stronger staining for iNOS was detected in trophoblast cells of fetal membranes from women in labor than in those from non-laboring women. We suggest that NOS isoenzymes in fetal placental tissues are differently regulated and might play different roles during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine and Molecular Biology, 2nd Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. perinat@flashnet.it
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marinoni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Iorio
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Villaccio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alberini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rota
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Cosmi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III