title: The cyclin D1 gene is transcriptionally repressed by caveolin-1.
abstract: The cyclin D1 gene encodes the regulatory subunit of the holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the retinoblastoma pRB protein. Cyclin D1 protein levels are elevated by mitogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways, and antisense mRNA to cyclin D1 inhibits transformation by the ras, neu, and src oncogenes, thus linking cyclin D1 regulation to cellular transformation. Caveolins are the principal protein components of caveolae, vesicular plasma membrane invaginations that also function in signal transduction. We show here that caveolin-1 expression levels inversely correlate with cyclin D1 abundance levels in transformed cells. Expression of antisense caveolin-1 increased cyclin D1 levels, whereas caveolin-1 overexpression inhibited expression of the cyclin D1 gene. Cyclin D1 promoter activity was selectively repressed by caveolin-1, but not by caveolin-3, and this repression required the caveolin-1 N terminus. Maximal inhibition of the cyclin D1 gene promoter by caveolin-1 was dependent on the cyclin D1 promoter T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor-1-binding site between -81 to -73. The T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor sequence was sufficient for repression by caveolin-1. We suggest that transcriptional repression of the cyclin D1 gene may contribute to the inhibition of transformation by caveolin-1.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hulit
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bash
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galbiati
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albanese
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Sage
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlegel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhurinsky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shtutman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Ze'ev
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lisanti
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Pestell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D006224:Cricetinae; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C495540:CAV1 protein, human; C495541:Cav1 protein, mouse; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019938:Cyclin D1