title: The discriminative stimulus properties of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analysis of the preclinical behavioral effects of atypical antipsychotic agents will provide a better understanding of how they differ from typical antipsychotics and aid in the development of future atypical antipsychotic drugs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to provide information about the discriminative stimulus properties of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were trained to discriminate the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine (either 0.5 mg/kg OLZ or 0.25 mg/kg OLZ, i.p.) from vehicle in a twolever drug discrimination procedure. The atypical antipsychotic clozapine fully substituted for olanzapine in both the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group (99.3% drug lever responding [DLR]) and the 0.25-mg/kg OLZ group (99.9% DLR). The typical antipsychotic chlorpromazine also substituted for olanzapine in both the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group (87.5% DLR) and in the 0.25-mg/kg OLZ group (98.9% DLR); whereas, haloperidol displayed partial substitution for olanzapine in the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group (56.1% DLR) and in the 0.25-mg/kg OLZ group (76.4% DLR). The 5.0-mg/kg dose of thioridazine produced olanzapine-appropriate responding in the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group (99.6% DLR), but only partial substitution was seen with the 0.25-mg/kg OLZ training dose (64.0% DLR). The atypical antipsychotics raclopride (53.9% DLR) and risperidone (60.1% DLR) displayed only partial substitution in the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group. Both the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine (90.0% DLR) and the 5-HT2A/2C serotonergic antagonist ritanserin (86.0% DLR) fully substituted for olanzapine in the 0.5-mg/kg OLZ group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previous discrimination studies with clozapine-trained rats, the typical antipsychotic agents chlorpromazine and thioridazine and the serotonin antagonist ritanserin substituted for olanzapine. These results demonstrate that there are differences in the mechanisms underlying the discriminative stimulus properties of clozapine and olanzapine. Specifically, olanzapine's discriminative stimulus properties appear to be meditated in part by both cholinergic and serotonergic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23284-2018, USA. jporter@vcu.edu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: McCallum
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Varvel
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Vann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D005793:Generalization, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020891:Raclopride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018967:Risperidone / Q000494:pharmacology; D016713:Ritanserin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D016713:Ritanserin; D010890:Pirenzepine; D020891:Raclopride; D012601:Scopolamine; D003024:Clozapine; D006220:Haloperidol; D018967:Risperidone; D000077152:Olanzapine; D002746:Chlorpromazine