title: Luteinizing hormone up-regulates the expression of interleukin-1 beta mRNA in human granulosa-luteal cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previously, we observed that follicular fluid obtained from patients with premature luteinization contained elevated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels. In this study. we aimed to examine the effects of luteinizing hormone (LH) on IL-1 beta expression and IL-1 beta on steroidogenesis in human granulosa-luteal cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human granulosa-luteal cells were obtained during oocyte retrieval. The cells were treated with either LH or IL-1 beta and subsequently were examined for the level of IL-1 beta transcript. The conditioned media were examined for IL-1 beta protein and steroid hormone levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LH (250-500 mIU/mL) up-regulated the expression of IL-1 beta mRNA (up to a 4-fold increase over control; P<0.05) in the granulosa-luteal cells. IL-1 beta (5-50 ng/mL) increased the basal, but not LH-dependent, progesterone production from these cells in a dose-dependent manner after 96 and 144 hr of culture (P<0.05). However, an inhibitory effect of IL-1 beta on LH-dependent estradiol production was observed (up to 20% decrease, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LH is capable of stimulating IL-1 beta transcript expression in human granulosa-luteal cells and may regulate ovarian steroidogenesis, at least partly through the activation of IL-1 beta.
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shew
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry; D004967:Estrogens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008184:Luteal Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004967:Estrogens; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011374:Progesterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone