title: Interpreting the relationship between pheromone component emission from commercial lures and captures of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) in bucket and cone traps.
abstract: Male corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), were captured in conical Texas pheromone traps (cone traps) and bucket traps baited with four different commercial lures manufactured by three different manufacturers. Because significant numbers were captured in bucket traps baited with some of the lures, and none with others, the volatile emissions from all of the lures were sampled and analyzed by gas chromatographic methods. The numbers of males captured in two types of trap were compared with bait emissions in an endeavor to define a more effective lure for bucket traps. The lure from one manufacturer captured the same numbers of males in both trap types; one captured more in bucket traps than in cone traps, and another captured only a small number in bucket traps. The emission rate of all active compounds from each of the different lures was approximately linear for the duration of the assays. A gas-liquid chromatographic peak associated with a third compound, (Z)-9-tetradecenal, which reduces behavioral responses, was observed in the emissions from all lures evaluated. The effectiveness of the Hercon (Emmigsville, PA) lure in capturing males in both types of trap was associated with a lower emission of (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-9-hexadecenal and (Z)-9-tetradecenal than from the other lures.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, Florida 32604, USA. emitchell@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D002633:Chemotaxis; D007300:Insect Control; D007915:Lepidoptera; D008297:Male; D010675:Pheromones; D011157:Population Dynamics; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D010675:Pheromones