title: Aberrations of the K-ras, p53, and APC genes in extrahepatic bile duct cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The genetic alterations involved in extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) cancer are poorly understood. Our aim was to identify aberrations of the K-ras, p53, and APC genes in EHBD cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated aberrations of these genes in 52 EHBD cancers using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, followed by direct sequence determination and a PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The K-ras, p53, and APC genes were mutated in 9.6%, 32.7%, and 0% of EHBD cancers, respectively. Loss of heterozygosity at the p53 and APC gene loci was identified in 15.6% and 38.5% of EHBD cancers, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that an unknown suppressor gene on 5q other than the APC gene may be responsible for EHBD cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery I, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suto
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Habano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uesugi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Funato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: S i
authors.initials: Si
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D005260:Female; D017491:Genes, APC / Q000235:genetics*; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D015996:Survival Rate