title: [New combination chemotherapy in urological cancers].
abstract: Although several effective therapeutic modalities are currently available for each urological cancer, there are still many patients for whom cure is not possible. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) are both standard agents for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, only up to 20% of patients can attain a complete response with these agents. It has been reported that for bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), a cisplatin-based chemotherapy such as M-VAC chemotherapy can give patients a prognostic benefit in an adjuvant setting. There has been no therapy to improve upon M-VAC for more than a decade. In this review, several trials with new combination chemotherapies that were developed to overcome the limitations of the current therapy are discussed. These include the combination of IL-2, IFN-alpha and 5-fluorouracil for RCC, paclitaxel/gemcitabine and cisplatin/carboplatin for TCC, and paclitaxel/docetaxel and estramustine for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The results of initial trials with these new combination therapies are promising. Large scale clinical trials, however, have yet to be done.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akaza
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D043823:Taxoids; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007376:Interleukin-2; D043823:Taxoids; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000077143:Docetaxel; D014747:Vinblastine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D008727:Methotrexate; D000093542:Gemcitabine