Ascites resistance of progeny from broiler breeders selected for two generations using chronic unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion.
Broilers that survived unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion and lived to maturity comprised the first generation (GEN1) of an ascites-resistant line. Progeny from the GEN1 line previously were shown to tolerate fast growth and cool temperatures with a 50% lower incidence of ascites than chicks from the breeder pullet line serving as the base population for the resistant line. In the present study, progeny from the GEN1 line were subjected to unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion, and survivors were reared to breeding age to serve as the parent stock for the second generation (GEN2) ascites-resistant line. In two experiments (EXP1 and 2), chicks were reared separately by sex but were mixed by line within environmental chambers, where they were grown as rapidly as possible and exposed to cool (14 C) temperatures from 17 to 49 d of age. In EXP1, the ascites incidences in the base population, GEN1, and GEN2 lines, respectively, were 31% (48/157), 15% (8/52), and 4% (3/69) for males and 10% (13/128), 11% (5/46), and 3% (1/36) for females. In EXP2, the ascites incidences in the base and GEN2 lines, respectively, were 44% (71/163) and 6% (7/110) for males and 12% (19/155) and 0% (0/92) for females. The final BW for nonascitic broilers did not differ across lines in EXP1. In EXP2, the final BW was lighter for nonascitic GEN2 males (2,915+/-43 g) and females (2,382+/-17 g) than for nonascitic base population males (3,088+/-42 g) and females (2,493+/-22), respectively. Right:total ventricular weight ratios were higher for ascitic than nonascitic broilers, confirming the primary role for pulmonary hypertension in the pathogenesis of ascites. These experiments demonstrate ongoing improvement in the ascites resistance of progeny from broiler breeders that, for two consecutive generations, have survived the rigorous selection pressure imposed by unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion.
Wideman
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RF
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA. rwideman@comp.uark.edu
French
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H
D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D001201:Ascites / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014655:Vascular Resistance