title: Long-term spinal analgesic delivery: a review of the preclinical and clinical literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yaksh
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000698:Analgesia / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D007260:Infusion Pumps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D018579:Patient Selection; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate