title: Cyclic GMP attenuates cyclic AMP-stimulated inotropy and oxygen consumption in control and hypertrophic hearts.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that increasing myocardial cyclic GMP would attenuate cyclic AMP induced positive inotropy and O2 consumption, in part, through changes in cyclic AMP and that renal hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy (HYP) would alter this relationship. Anesthetized, open chest rabbits (N = 48) were divided into four groups of control (CON) and HYP animals which received vehicle (VEH), isoproterenol 10(-6)M (ISO), 3-morpholinosyndnonimine 10(-4)M, (SIN-1), or a combination of ISO+SIN-1. Coronary blood flow (microspheres) and O2 extraction (microspectrophotometry) were used to determine O2 consumption in both subepicardium (EPI) and subendocardium (ENDO). Left ventricular change in wall thickness (%) was increased significantly by ISO in both CON (16 +/- 4 to 31 +/- 6) and HYP (17 +/- 2 to 24 +/- 3). Percent change in wall thickness was similar in the CON, SIN-1, and ISO+SIN-1 groups. Myocardial O2 consumption (ml O2/min/100 g) was increased by ISO in CON (10.3 +/- 1.0 to 13.6 +/- 2.0 EPI; 10.9 +/- 1.0 17.1 +/- 1.7 ENDO) and HYP (8.2 +/- 1.4 to 12.3 +/- 2.2 EPI; 6.6 +/- 1.4 to 14.8 +/- 1.8 ENDO). Oxygen consumption was unaffected by SIN-1 in CON and HYP animals. ISO+SIN-1 caused attenuated ISO-induced increases in O2 consumption in CON in EPI and ENDO, and in EPI in HYP. Cyclic GMP (pmol/g) was unchanged by ISO in CON and HYP, and increased by SIN-1 in CON (8.1 +/- 1.3 to 19.2 +/- 2.3 EPI) and HYP (9.1 +/- 1.5 to 12.8 +/- 2.0 EPI). Cyclic GMP remained elevated with ISO+SIN-1 in both groups. Cyclic AMP (pmol/g) was increased significantly by ISO in CON (496 +/- 43 to 725 +/- 106 EPI; 534 +/- 44 to 756 +/- 148 ENDO) and insignificantly in HYP (435 +/- 50 to 566 +/- 35 EPI; 497 +/- 51 to 583 +/- 47 ENDO). Cyclic AMP levels were unaffected by SIN-1 in either group. Isoproterenol induced increases in cyclic AMP were blunted by ISO+SIN-1 in CON (496 +/- 43 to 537 +/- 59 EPI) and not affected in HYP. The current study demonstrated attenuation of cyclic AMP mediated increased inotropy and O2 consumption by increasing cyclic GMP, which appeared, in part, related to cyclic GMP-induced reduction in cyclic AMP. This effect of cyclic GMP on cyclic AMP was not observed in myocardial hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Heart and Brain Circulation Laboratory, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854-5635, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Straznicka
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C002385:linsidomine; D008981:Molsidomine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D007545:Isoproterenol