title: Failure of oily chloramphenicol depot injection to treat plague in a murine model.
abstract: Effective low-cost single-dose therapy would be invaluable in treating human plague. The efficacy of single- or two-dose injections of oily chloramphenicol (OCm) was compared with that of standard multiple injections of reference drugs (streptomycin or chloramphenicol) in a murine plague model. A single injection of OCm was ineffective. Two doses cleared bacteraemia and limited bacterial growth in the mouse spleen but were less effective in reducing mortality than standard therapy. However, because of the marked pharmacokinetic differences between mice and humans, the failure of depot injection of OCm in murine plague treatment is not indicative of its ineffectiveness in human plague.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de la Peste, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rahalison
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guiyoule
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Bonacorsi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Slacanin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chanteau
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carniel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D051379:Mice; D010930:Plague / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015010:Yersinia pestis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D013307:Streptomycin