title: Functional coupling of Ca(2+) channels to ryanodine receptors at presynaptic terminals. Amplification of exocytosis and plasticity.
abstract: Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release (CICR) enhances a variety of cellular Ca(2+) signaling and functions. How CICR affects impulse-evoked transmitter release is unknown. At frog motor nerve terminals, repetitive Ca(2+) entries slowly prime and subsequently activate the mechanism of CICR via ryanodine receptors and asynchronous exocytosis of transmitters. Further Ca(2+) entry inactivates the CICR mechanism and the absence of Ca(2+) entry for >1 min results in its slow depriming. We now report here that the activation of this unique CICR markedly enhances impulse-evoked exocytosis of transmitter. The conditioning nerve stimulation (10-20 Hz, 2-10 min) that primes the CICR mechanism produced the marked enhancement of the amplitude and quantal content of end-plate potentials (EPPs) that decayed double exponentially with time constants of 1.85 and 10 min. The enhancement was blocked by inhibitors of ryanodine receptors and was accompanied by a slight prolongation of the peak times of EPP and the end-plate currents estimated from deconvolution of EPP. The conditioning nerve stimulation also enhanced single impulse- and tetanus-induced rises in intracellular Ca(2+) in the terminals with little change in time course. There was no change in the rate of growth of the amplitudes of EPPs in a short train after the conditioning stimulation. On the other hand, the augmentation and potentiation of EPP were enhanced, and then decreased in parallel with changes in intraterminal Ca(2+) during repetition of tetani. The results suggest that ryanodine receptors exist close to voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels in the presynaptic terminals and amplify the impulse-evoked exocytosis and its plasticity via CICR after Ca(2+)-dependent priming.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hachisuka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009045:Motor Endplate / Q000378:metabolism; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D011898:Ranidae; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D002118:Calcium