title: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We also examined the involvement of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which are a possible source of VEGF in AMI.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  VEGF is a potent endothelial cell-specific mitogen and could affect the outcome of AMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with AMI were used for this study. Serum and PBMCs were isolated from peripheral blood on days 1, 7, 14 and 21 after the onset of AMI. PBMCs were cultured at a density of 5 x 10(6) cells/ml for 24 h. VEGF levels in serum and the culture media were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a specific anti-human VEGF antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum VEGF levels elevated gradually after the onset of AMI and reached a peak on day 14. VEGF levels in the culture medium of PBMCs after incubation for 24 h (PBMC-VEGF) were maximally elevated 7 days after the onset. Maximum serum VEGF levels showed significant positive correlations with maximum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels (r = +0.70, p < 0.001), but maximum PBMC-VEGF levels did not correlate with maximum CPK levels. Patients showing improvement in left ventricular systolic function during the course of AMI showed significantly higher PBMC-VEGF levels than patients without improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of myocardial damage contributes to the elevation of serum VEGF levels in AMI. VEGF produced by PBMCs may play an important role in the improvement of left ventricular function by promoting angiogenesis and reendothelialization after AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hojo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors