title: Bread and barium. Diagnostic value in patients with suspected primary esophageal motility disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the significance of bread and barium studies as a diagnostic tool as well as a supplement to manometric investigation of the esophagus in patients with suspected esophageal motility disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine patients suspected for primary esophageal motility disorders were examined. All patients were interviewed before the investigation to determine the prevalence of symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, and dysphagia. The patients underwent simultaneous roentgenologic and manometric investigations in the supine position during wet and solid barium swallow, and during continuous drinking, followed by investigation for gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The manometric examination was performed with triple-lumen catheters connected to a hydraulic capillary infusion system and external transducers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients with normal esophageal clearing (n=31) had normal manometry. Patients with delayed esophageal clearing (n=58) required manometry for identifying concommittant motility disorders; achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasms were found only in patients with delayed liquid and solid emptying. GER and/or esophageal rings was demonstrated in 31 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest bread and barium as the first diagnostic step in patients with clinical suspicion of primary esophageal motility disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology R, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nellemann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aksglaede
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Funch-Jensen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thommesen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D001939:Bread; D003287:Contrast Media; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D001466:Barium Sulfate