title: Dietary intake of pesticides: State of Kuwait total diet study.
abstract: The State of Kuwait conducted a total diet study (TDS) to determine the dietary intakes of selected pesticides. This paper reports the results of this study. A national food consumption survey was performed and core food lists for different population groups were established representing the total diet of the Kuwaiti population. Food items (table-ready) were purchased/prepared and analysed for their contents of organophosphate/organochlorine carbamate, benzimidazole and phenylurea pesticides according to the US FDA Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM I). Dietary intakes of these pesticides are presented for 19 population groups, which range from infants to elderly adults. The intakes of selected population groups are compared with representative findings from the US FDA/TDS and data published from other countries. In general, the average daily intakes were well below acceptable limits, but higher than those reported from developed countries.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait. wsawaya@safat.kisr.edu.kw
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Sawaya
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: al-Awadhi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: al-Omair
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khalafawi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: al-Zenki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: al-Amiri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: al-Otaibi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: al-Saqer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007730:Kuwait; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues