title: Three-dimensional helical computed tomographic angiography in neonates and infants with complex congenital heart disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For the clinical management of patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), accurate evaluation of their morphologic conditions is critical. Three-dimensional (3D) helical computed tomography (CT) angiography has been used to assess the vascular system in adult patients; the indication for complex CHD, especially in the neonatal period, has not yet been defined. Therefore the purposes of our study were to determine the quality and limitations of current 3D helical CT angiography for neonates and infants with complex CHD and to assess the clinical utility of this technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3D helical CT angiography was performed in 17 patients with various types of complex CHD. Their median age was 41 days (range 3 days to 9 months), and mean body weight was 3.6 kg (range 2.2 to 8.5 kg). All 3D images were produced with the 3D reconstruction algorithm of shaded-surface display. Oral sedation was required in only 4 infants during the procedure. 3D helical CT angiography clearly demonstrated the shape and spatial relation of great arteries, proximal branch pulmonary arteries, anomalous pulmonary venous connections, the patent ductus arteriosus, and a shunt. The 3D information of extracardiac morphologic characteristics and 3D anatomic relation of each extracardiac structure were easily recognized by this imaging process. However, intracardiac structure could not be visualized because of blurred and/or unclear edges of the ventricular wall caused by respiratory movement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D helical CT angiography represents an important additional diagnostic tool and may become an alternative method to angiography or other noninvasive techniques used in the evaluation of extracardiac anomalies in neonates and infants with complex CHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toshima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasunaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Todo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D001027:Aortography; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed