title: Trends in special (high-security) hospitals. 1: Referrals and admissions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Special hospitals in England provide psychiatric care and treatment in high security. Their future is often questioned.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test for variation in demand for high-security psychiatric services over one 10-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was from the special hospitals' case registers and hospital records. The main measures were numbers and annual rates for referrals and beds offered; the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) classification of mental disorder; adjusted population rates by health region; admission episodes; legal category of detention; admission source and type of offence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Referrals to special hospitals showed no decrease during the 10 years; an apparent increase may reflect underrecording before 1992. Admissions fell by about 16% over the 10 years, but with regional variation. Women, civil cases, admissions under the MHA classifications of psychopathic disorder or mental impairment and directly from a court on a hospital order were most affected. There was an increase in admissions of pre-trial and sentenced male prisoners, and of transferred hospital order patients from other hospitals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is continuing demand from all parts of the country for high-security hospital beds. The smaller numbers admitted appear to include more demanding cases.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Butwell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leese
mesh_terms: D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000639:trends*; D006753:Hospital Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006782:Hospitals, Special / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000145:classification; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017678:Sex Distribution