title: Accumulation of DNA damage in the organs of mice deficient in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.
abstract: We have used a differential alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay of DNA ("omet assay" at pH 13 and 12.3) to evaluate DNA damage as a function of age in mice with an inherited defect in gluthathione (GSH) metabolism. The mice are homozygous null for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), the enzyme responsible for initiating the catabolism of GSH, and paradoxically have reduced levels of GSH and cysteine in many organs. We found an accumulation of DNA damage in lung, liver and kidney in these mice as a function of age. The largest differences were in assays run at pH 13, suggesting that the accumulation of apurinic/apryrimidinic (AP) sites and oxidative damage of DNA was largely responsible. In contrast, little if any accumulation of these lesions was detected in wild-type mice. Although these findings do not allow a precise analysis of the molecular basis of damage accumulation in GGT-deficient mice, they implicate low GSH and cysteine levels as a cause of accumulative DNA damage in the intact mammal.
authors.affiliation: UNAM, Departamento de Genética y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, P.O. Box 70228, Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Mexico, Mexico. emilior@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valverde
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kala
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kala
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lieberman
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000468:Alkalies / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D020552:Comet Assay; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006720:Homozygote; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D004247:DNA; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine