title: Hypericin induces both differentiation and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
abstract: Hypericin is a unique photosensitizing plant pigment and has been separately reported to induce differentiation and apoptosis in neoplastic cells. In this study, we examined the relationship between activities to induce differentiation and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells, at a concentration range of 0.15 to 0.2 microM. When treated with hypericin, the cell ratio reducible of nitroblue tetrazolium was significantly increased and the cell size was enlarged by flow cytometry analysis. Hypericin also significantly increased the ratio of the cells, which were of positive alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity and phagocytic activity, whereas it hardly influenced the naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase activity in the cells, as well as 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 (10 nM). In addition, hypericin increased hypodiploid nuclei and caused a nucleosomal ladder. These results indicate that hypericin induces both differentiation toward monocyte/macrophage lineage and apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Rho
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010569:Perylene; C004965:hypericin