title: Ibuprofen modulates tissue perfusion in partial-thickness burns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects of ibuprofen and heparin may enhance skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns. To test this hypothesis, skin perfusion and edema formation in scald burned rabbit ears were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen rabbits (3.5-4.5 kg) received partial-thickness scald burns to one ear and then were given normal saline, n = 6, 20 mg/kg ibuprofen, n = 6, or 700 IU/kg heparin, n = 6. Skin perfusion, blood flow and edema formation in the burned ear were measured with laser Doppler, ultrasound flowmeter and skin calipers, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc Scheffe's test for comparison between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood flow to the scald burned ear increased 10-15 times that of baseline with tissue perfusion increasing by 70% within 0.5 h compared to pre-burn. Ibuprofen maintained the elevated tissue perfusion for 5 h while the heparin and saline groups showed decreases to 95 and 35% of pre-burn values, respectively. The heparin and ibuprofen groups demonstrated significant increases in ear perfusion at 4 and 5 h postburn. Ibuprofen also showed a significant difference within the first hour postburn, p<0.01. Wet to dry weight ratios in burned ear tissue were greater in rabbits receiving saline or heparin compared to ibuprofen at 3.6+/-0.2 and 2.9+/-0.3 vs. 2.1+/-0.1, respectively (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ibuprofen increases tissue perfusion and reduces edema formation in scald burned rabbit ears.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch and Shriners Hospitals for Children, 815 Market Street, Galveston 77550, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002056:Burns / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004431:Ear, External / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D004487:Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D011817:Rabbits; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries*; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006493:Heparin; D007052:Ibuprofen