title: [Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: current knowledge and treatment].
abstract: The aim of this report is to summarize current concepts in unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (URLNP). Important aspects of laryngeal phylogenesis, physiology and anatomy are reviewed. Recent advances in the neurophysiology of URNLP are discussed. Revised and updated principles of diagnosis and treatment are provided. Glottic configuration and prognosis vary according to the type of neural lesion (neurapraxia, axonotmesis or neurotmesis). Therapeutic indications depend on glottic configuration and prognosis. Treatment options include voice therapy, vocal fold augmentation by intrafold injection, medialization thyroplasty, arytenoid adduction, and laryngeal reinnervation. Each treatment option is summarized, and the results reported in the medical literature are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche sur la voix, les biomatériaux et la cancérologie ORL, CNRS-UPRESA 7018, Université Paris V, Hôpital Laennec, 42 rue de Sèvres, 75007 Paris, France.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hartl
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brasnu
mesh_terms: D001193:Arytenoid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery; D005931:Glottis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D009482:Neurophysiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012183:Retrograde Degeneration / Q000503:physiopathology; D013957:Thyroid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000601:surgery; D014834:Voice Training