title: Involvement of ethylene and gibberellin signalings in chromosaponin I-induced cell division and cell elongation in the roots of Arabidopsis seedlings.
abstract: Chromosaponin I (CSI), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from pea, stimulates the growth of roots in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings on wetted filter paper in the light for 14 d. The growth rates of roots in Columbia (Col) and Landsberg erecta (Ler) wild-types were 0.92 and 0.26 mm d(-1), respectively, and they were accelerated to 3.46 (Col) and 2.20 (Ler) mm d(-1) by treating with 300 microM CSI. The length of mature epidermal cells was increased by 1.8-fold (Col) and 2.81-fold (Ler) compared with control and the number of epidermal cells was increased by a factor of 1.65 (Col) and 2.12 (Ler). Treatment with 2-aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, also increased cell length but not cell number. The effects of CSI on root growth were not detected in the ethylene-insensitive mutant ein2-1. CSI did not inhibit ethylene production but stimulated the growth of roots in ctr1-1, the constitutive triple response mutant for ethylene, indicating that CSI inhibits ethylene signaling, especially downstream of CTR1. In the GA-insensitive mutant gai and the mutant spy-3, in which the basal level of GA signaling is activated, CSI did not increase cell number, although both CSI and AVG stimulated cell elongation in these mutants. These results suggest that the inhibition of ethylene signaling is the cause of CSI-induced cell elongation. A possible involvement of both GA and ethylene signalings is discussed for the CSI-induced cell division.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsurumi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amakawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamisaka
mesh_terms: D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D059828:Plant Cells; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D005030:Ethylenes; D005875:Gibberellins; D012503:Saponins; C075945:chromosaponin I; C012175:2-amino-4-(2-aminoethoxy)butanoic acid; C036216:ethylene