Initial experience with isradipine for the treatment of hypertension in children.
BACKGROUND
Isradipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It has limited effects on myocardial contractility; is available in a powder-filled capsule and has a half-life of 6 to 8 hours.


METHODS
Pharmacy records were reviewed to identify pediatric patients who had received isradipine. The following demographic data were obtained: age, weight, sex, underlying medical problems, and initial blood pressure values. Information concerning isradipine included the initial dose and its interval, subsequent dose escalations, blood pressure response to the medication, and duration of therapy.


RESULTS
The study population comprised 12 patients, ranging in age from 10 days to 11 years. The etiology of the hypertension was renal in 9 cases and nonrenal in 3. Initial dosing with isradipine was 0.1 mg/kg/dose. Six patients had emergent hypertension, and their blood pressure had been controlled with intravenous nicardipine before oral isradipine. Six patients received initial therapy with oral isradipine. Isradipine was monotherapy in 7 patients and in combination with other agents in 5 patients. The dose of isradipine required for blood pressure control was 0.6 +/- 0.3 mg/kg/day (range, 0.3 to 1.2 mg/kg/day). Isradipine failed to provide effective blood pressure control in 2 patients. In 1 of these patients, isradipine was effective after peritoneal dialysis.


CONCLUSIONS
Isradipine is an effective, orally administered agent for control of hypertension in children.
Strauser
L M
LM
Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212, USA.
Groshong
T
T
Tobias
J D
JD
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002214:Capsules; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D017275:Isradipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002214:Capsules; D009529:Nicardipine; D017275:Isradipine