title: Circulating levels of IL-1beta, a prothrombotic cytokine, are elevated in unstable angina versus stable angina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple studies support a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and unstable cardiac syndromes. However, of the known proinflammatory cytokines, only elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6 have been linked to unstable angina. We sought to examine the plasma levels of other major proinflammatory cytokines in similar clinical settings and to determine the extent of the relationship between inflammation and unstable coronary syndromes by measuring the levels of various proinflammatory cytokines in patients with stable and unstable angina.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured plasma levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in 97 patients: 67 with stable angina, 24 with unstable angina, and 15 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean levels of IL-1beta were significantly higher in patients with unstable angina as compared to patients with stable angina (p =.009). Levels of IL-6 were significantly higher than control patients for both stable angina and unstable angina patients (p =.031 and.006, respectively). No significant differences were found in the levels of TNF-alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that both IL-1beta and IL-6 contribute to the pathogenesis of unstable angina, and that the profile of circulating plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines differs in unstable angina from that in stable angina. Abbreviated Abstract. Multiple studies support a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and unstable cardiac syndromes. We measured plasma levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with stable and unstable coronary syndromes. Levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 were found to be elevated in patients with unstable coronary syndromes. No significant differences were found in the levels of TNF-alpha. Our results suggest that both IL-1beta and IL-6 contribute to the pathogenesis of unstable angina.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rabbani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha