title: Helicobacter pylori-associated antibodies in patients with duodenal ulcer, gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To associate Helicobacter pylori-associated antibodies with clinical disease in groups of patients with duodenal ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, oesophageal adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational sero-epidemiology study. Identification of consecutive in-patients with duodenal ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, oesophageal adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa. Analyses of sera for antibodies to whole H. pylori, Cag A and Vac A antigens using ELISA and Western blot. Statistical analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, a district general hospital that serves a population of 350,000.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive in-patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal ulcer (n = 31), gastric adenocarcinoma (n = 31), oesophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 40) and normal mucosa (n = 46).
  
  
  METHODS
  A profile of antibodies was constructed for each patient group and between-group comparisons were made. A logistic regression model determined the H. pylori-associated antibody that could best predict a patient's diagnosis. A discriminatory power for each antibody was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Whole H. pylori, Cag A and Vac A antibodies are found more commonly in duodenal ulcer patients when compared to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.003) and normal mucosa patients (P < 0.015). Similarly, gastric adenocarcinoma patients have antibodies to whole H. pylori, Cag A and Vac A more frequently than oesophageal adenocarcinoma (P< 0.002) and normal mucosa patients (P < 0.006). Vac A antibodies discriminate between duodenal ulcer/gastric adenocarcinoma and oesophageal adenocarcinoma/normal mucosa patients (odds ratio 5.56, log likelihood -90.06, P < 0.001) more effectively than Cag A antibodies (odds ratio 4.17, log likelihood -91.88, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar profiles of H. pylori-associated antibodies are seen in patients with duodenal ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma, confirming that virulent H. pylori are involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Antibodies to Vac A could be used to identify patients at increased risk of developing H. pylori-associated disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, UK.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Grimley
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: C U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Nwokolo
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000382:microbiology*; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori