title: Xanthine stone in the urinary bladder of a male child.
abstract: Urinary tract calculi composed primarily of xanthine are rate both in adults and children. We describe the clinical presentation and management of a 3.5-year-old boy with hereditary xanthinuria (an autosomal recessive disorder of purine metabolism) and primary bladder calculus formed from xanthine. To our knowledge this case demonstrates a previously undescribed form of xanthinuria in childhood. Xanthine stones, although rare, should be considered in the diagnosis of urolithiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Heim Pál Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. kissandras@heim.sote.hu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barényi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csontai
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011686:Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D019820:Xanthine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D019820:Xanthine