title: Neurotransmitter dysfunction in patients with borderline personality disorder.
abstract: Neurotransmitter system dysfunction may contribute to the borderline personality disorder traits of impulsive aggression and affective instability. This article reviews evidence from neurochemical assays, receptor-density studies, neuroendocrine-challenge paradigms, functional neuroimaging studies, and candidate-gene research, which converge to identify particular neurotransmitter systems that seem to be dysregulated in patients with borderline personality disorder.
authors.affiliation: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Gurvits
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Koenigsberg
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Siever
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000339:Affect; D000374:Aggression; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000378:metabolism; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D012701:Serotonin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine; D009638:Norepinephrine