title: A low-voltage droplet charging circuit with simulative cell-sorting function for flow cytometer-cell sorter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Flow cytometer cell sorters have become important tools in many biological laboratories. Commercial electrically-deflected cell sorters that deflect wanted cells in electrically charged droplets need high-voltage amplifiers which are expensive and difficult to obtain. Effort was made to build an alternative droplet charging circuit with low-voltage amplifiers that are much easier to get and have more reasonable price.
  
  
  METHODS
  A low-voltage charging circuit was designed. Every time a cell was to be separated, a pair of complementary charging pulses were produced: one was positive and the other was negative with equal amplitude. These were enlarged by two low-voltage charging amplifiers to drive two charging electrodes respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Due to the effect of addition, the voltage between the two electrodes was double as high as the output of either amplifier. The result of test experiment proved that the cell sorter with low-voltage amplifiers, which was cheaper and easier to obtain, could separate cells as efficiently as the instrument with high-voltage ones that were more expensive and more difficult to make. In addition, a simulative cell-sorting function was provided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This low-voltage, easily-built and low-price charging circuit for flow cytometer cell sorter is a good alternative to the commonly used high-voltage one, especially to researcher who hopes to build his own personal instrument.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. zhw@bptechlin.ibp.ac.cn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002645:Chickens; D004560:Electricity; D004566:Electrodes; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008863:Microspheres