title: [Nocturnal arterial pressure and the cardiovascular risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blood pressure (BP) has a circadian rhythm. Most of the people presents a BP fall between 10-20% during nighttime hours (dipper condition). Measurement of these circadian variations is performed by continuous blood pressure ambulatory monitoring. We have studied the possible relation between blood pressure nocturnal fall and cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 100 hypertensive patients from the Hypertension and Lipids Unit of San Cecilio University Hospital of Granada, Spain. They were divided into two groups: dippers group and non-dippers, depending of whether or not the fall of nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP was > 10%. All patients included in the study underwent complete clinical history, exhaustive physical examination, complementary examinations, urine and hematology tests, and continuous blood pressure ambulatory monitoring by the Space Labs system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The heart rate was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.0253) in the hypertensive dippers group than in the non-dippers. The latter showed higher plasma creatinine values (p = 0.0343) and lower potassemia values (p = 0.0140) than the dippers group. The dippers group presented concentrations of HDL-cholesterol significantly higher (p = 0.008) and diurnal diastolic BP values (p = 0.0211) also higher than the other group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non dippers hypertensive patients present a higher number of cardiovascular risk factors as well as a higher tendency to renal lesions, and worse prognosis than the dippers group.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Hipertensión y Lípidos, Servicio de Medicina Interna A, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cobo Martínez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gil Extremera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maldonado Martín
authors.forename: J de D
authors.initials: Jde D
authors.lastname: Luna Castillo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muñoz Parra
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huertas Hernández
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: León-Espinosa de los Monteros
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ruiz López
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics