title: Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in prostate specimens: frequency, significance and relationship to the sampling of the specimen (a retrospective study of 121 cases).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of PIN (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia) in prostate specimens and the relationship of PIN with PCA (prostatic carcinoma) and amount of sampling of the specimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the haematoxylin-eosin stained slides of 121 cases diagnosed between 1990 and 1995 were re-examined retrospectively. The amount of sampling of prostate specimens was also re-examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PIN was observed in 47.9% of all prostate specimens. The frequency of incidental PIN was 71.4% in cystoprostatectomy specimens. PIN was present in 58.3% of the cases with PCA. We observed foci of high-grade PIN adjacent to sites of invasive carcinoma in 100.0% of prostatectomy specimens with PCA. PIN was high-grade in 100.0% of the carcinomatous prostates with PIN. It was multifocal in 53.4% of 58 cases with PIN. Incidental PCA was identified in 14.3% of cytoprostatectomies for bladder cancer. The average number of paraffin blocks of prostatic tissue was 4.1 (+/-2.6) in cases with PIN and 3.2 (+/-1.4) in cases without PIN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In prostate specimens, the determination of PIN is very important since it is the most likely precursor of PCA. The probability of detecting PIN and PCA in a prostate specimen is directly related to the amount of sampling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Coşar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varinli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buğdayci
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tansuğ
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011468:Prostatectomy; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies