title: Angiopoietin-1 protects the adult vasculature against plasma leakage.
abstract: Pathological increases in vascular leakage lead to edema and swelling, causing serious problems in brain tumors, in diabetic retinopathy, after strokes, during sepsis and also in inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Although many agents and disease processes increase vascular leakage, no known agent specifically makes vessels resistant to leaking. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the angiopoietins function together during vascular development, with VEGF acting early during vessel formation, and angiopoietin-1 acting later during vessel remodeling, maturation and stabilization. Although VEGF was initially called vascular permeability factor, there has been less focus on its permeability actions and more effort devoted to its involvement in vessel growth and applications in ischemia and cancer. Recent transgenic approaches have confirmed the profound permeability effects of VEGF (refs. 12-14), and have shown that transgenic angiopoietin-1 acts reciprocally as an anti-permeability factor when provided chronically during vessel formation, although it also profoundly affects vascular morphology when thus delivered. To be useful clinically, angiopoietin-1 would have to inhibit leakage when acutely administered to adult vessels, and this action would have to be uncoupled from its profound angiogenic capabilities. Here we show that acute administration of angiopoietin-1 does indeed protect adult vasculature from leaking, countering the potentially lethal actions of VEGF and inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thurston
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rudge
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ioffe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Croll
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Glazer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holash
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Yancopoulos
mesh_terms: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; C467628:Angpt1 protein, mouse; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors