title: Utility of CD34 reactivity in evaluating focal nodular hepatocellular lesions sampled by fine needle aspiration biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the patterns of CD34 reactivity in hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia and to evaluate the utility of CD34 reactivity in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen cases of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 cases of cirrhosis, 9 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia and 7 cases of hepatocellular adenoma were stained with immunoperoxidase antibodies to CD34. The slides were scored according to the degree of lesional reactivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen of 17 cell blocks with hepatocellular carcinoma showed unequivocal sinusoidal or peripheral reactivity for CD34. Five of seven cases of hepatocellular adenoma and four of nine cases of focal nodular hyperplasia showed > 50% sinusoidal reactivity for CD34. All 14 cases of cirrhosis showed peripheral to no sinusoidal reactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD34 reactivity in a diffuse sinusoidal pattern can be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, consideration should be given to the possibility of hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia, which can also exhibit significant diffuse CD34 reactivity. In these cases, a reticulin stain may be helpful with the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Appenzeller
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Ferrell
mesh_terms: D018248:Adenoma, Liver Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020518:Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34