title: Demasking of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in anemic children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in anemic children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 52 cases of anemia (16 mild, 14 moderate, 22 severe) and 20 normal age and height matched children aged between 7-12 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  These children were subjected to Echocardiography on Ascuson XP model using 3.5 MHz Transducer during rest and immediately after maximum tolerated exercise on Quniton Model Q-5000 treadmill using modified Naughton protocol. Left ventricular end diastolic dimensions, left ventricular systolic dimension, fractional shortening, left ventricular end diastolic volume, systolic volume, stroke volume and ejection fraction were studied on M-mode echocardiography, and E/A ratio on doppler mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed in resting heart rate, gain in heart rate at peak exercise compared to basal values and double product, total exercise duration and metabolic equivalents at peak exercise in controls and anemic subjects. Left ventricular dysfunction was present in all severely anemic subjects after maximum tolerated exercise on treadmill. The only evidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was in form of decreased left ventricular end diastolic volume after exercise in moderate and severely anemic subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise is helpful in demasking subtle left ventricular dysfunctions in anemic subjects that are not detected during rest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical College, Lucknow 226 003, UP, India.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chandra
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology