title: Preferential localization of varying forms of photoactive 1, 8-naphthalimide compounds within the atheromatous arterial wall.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We are currently working with a novel class of photoactivated 4-amino substituted 1,8-naphthalimide compounds for tissue bonding. With promising results in other tissues, we are pursuing potential vascular applications. This study focused on determining the appropriate compound formulation(s), concentration, and exposure times to optimize penetration of the heterogeneous arterial wall.
  
  
  METHODS
  Segments of atheromatous rabbit carotid artery were immersed in hydrophilic or lipophilic forms of the compound, then frozen, cryosectioned, and examined by confocal microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hydrophilic compound exhibited preferential localization within the intima and media and limited presence in the adventitia. Conversely, the lipophilic compound concentrated in the intima and adventitia with virtual exclusion from the media. Exposure to both forms resulted in complete penetration of the arterial wall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results extend our knowledge and permit a more practical approach to potential vascular applications using these photoactivated compounds for tissue bonding.
authors.affiliation: University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kloster
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Judy
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Utecht
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burbach
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Vaska
mesh_terms: D015057:1-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053644:Naphthalimides; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D053644:Naphthalimides; D015363:Quinolones; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; C086538:4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide; D015057:1-Naphthylamine