title: Increased plasma oxidizability and decreased erythrocyte and plasma antioxidative capacity in patients with NIDDM.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atherosclerosis and microvascular complications in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes have been linked to increased oxidative stress. The glutathione redox cycle is a major determinant of the antioxidative capacity of plasma and its constituents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We attempted to investigate plasma oxidation and plasma and erythrocyte glutathione and glutathione enzymes in 20 patients with NIDDM, compared with euglycemic matched controls. Plasma oxidation was analyzed both basally (without) and as induced by 2,2'-azobis,2-amidopropane hydrochloride measured by the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in oxidation both basally (without) and as induced by AAPH. Plasma glutathione was lowered by 50% (P < 0.01) and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, glutathione s-transferase and glutathione reductase activities were lower by 30%, 27% and 46%, respectively (P < 0.01) in the patients with NIDDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Confronted by increased oxidation, patients with NIDDM show an abnormal plasma and erythrocyte antioxidative capacity, which may result in an accelerated rate of complications.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Israel.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zaltzberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aviram
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010949:Plasma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D005978:Glutathione