title: Smoking habits and plasma lipid peroxide and vitamin E levels in never-treated first-episode patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lipid peroxidation may be increased in schizophrenia, due to the illness, lifestyle or medication.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine plasma lipid peroxide levels and serum vitamin E and A levels in first-episode never-treated people with schizophrenia and in controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty in-patients with a first episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis were recruited, as were controls matched for gender, age, smoking and dietary status. Blood samples were taken, smoking status was recorded and body mass index measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between patients and controls in plasma peroxide levels. Seventy-three per cent of the patients smoked. Patients who smoked had a higher mean lipid peroxide level than non-smokers. Seventy-seven per cent of patients and 70% of controls had a ratio of vitamin E to cholesterol of less than 5. Body mass index was lower in patients than in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a result of the high prevalence of smoking this group shows increased lipid peroxidation. Low serum ratios of vitamin E to cholesterol in both patients and controls suggest an unsatisfactory diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Crichton Royal Hospital, Dumfries. rgmcreadie.crh@compuserve.com
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D014810:Vitamin E; D002784:Cholesterol