title: Memory in viral quasispecies.
abstract: Biological adaptive systems share some common features: variation among their constituent elements and continuity of core information. Some of them, such as the immune system, are endowed with memory of past events. In this study we provide direct evidence that evolving viral quasispecies possess a molecular memory in the form of minority components that populate their mutant spectra. The experiments have involved foot-and-mouth disease virus populations with known evolutionary histories. The composition and behavior of the viral population in response to a selective constraint were influenced by past evolutionary history in a way that could not be predicted from examination of consensus nucleotide sequences of the viral populations. The molecular memory of the viral quasispecies influenced both the nature and the intensity of the response of the virus to a selective constraint.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Jarabo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baranowski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Escarmís
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Domingo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006224:Cricetinae; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016679:Genome, Viral; D009154:Mutation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins