title: Effects of T-loop geometry on its forces and moments.
abstract: The moments and forces produced by various orthodontic T-loop spring designs were measured. The effects of dimension changes (within clinically used ranges) and the addition of gable bends with heat treatment were assessed. Increasing the vertical or horizontal dimension reduced the spring's load-deflection rate and its moment-to-force ratio. Gable preactivation with heat treatment had the opposite effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, 46202-5132, USA. jchen@engr.iupui.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Markham
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Katona
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002138:Calibration; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004548:Elasticity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel