title: Autonomous induction of proliferation, JNK and NF-alphaB activation in primary resting T cells by mobilized CD28.
abstract: Induction of proliferation in primary resting T cells requires engagement of both the antigen-specific TCR and the co-stimulatory receptor CD28. Here we report that CD28 functions as an autonomous mitogenic receptor which is mobilized by TCR signaling through cytoskeletal rearrangement. Shortcutting of TCR-dependent CD28 recruitment by stimulation with monoclonal antibodies specific for mobilized CD28 results in maximum proliferation and IL-2 secretion in primary resting T cells without activation of ZAP-70, a central component of the TCR's signal transduction machinery. Engagement of mobilized CD28 fully activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase cascade and translocation of NF-alphaB, two key targets of signal integration in co-stimulation. We propose a two-step activation model for co-stimulation in primary resting T cells in which antigen recognition recruits co-stimulatory receptors which then autonomously transduce signals promoting T cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bischof
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Beyers
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hünig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases