title: Formation and properties of Langmuir and Gibbs monolayers: a comparative study using hydrogenated and partially fluorinated amphiphilic derivatives of mannitol.
abstract: The synthesis and surface behavior of a series of nine new hydrogenated nonionic surfactants and their fluorinated analogs, derived from D-mannitol are described. Adsorption monolayers (Gibbs monolayers) were studied by surface pressure (H) measurements as a function of time. For the spread monolayers (Langmuir monolayers), the measurements of surface pressure versus molecular area (A) were performed. For the most hydrophobic amphiphiles at low concentrations, the adsorption at the air/water interface from the bulk solution required extremely long times to attain equilibrium. The A values for two compounds which could be studied in both adsorbed and spread monolayers provided data allowing a direct comparison of the properties of the two types of films formed at the air/water interface. In spite of different mechanisms of formation of Langmuir and Gibbs monolayers, their characteristic parameters were identical, proving the equivalence of these two types of structures.
authors.affiliation: Equipe de Physico-Chimie des Colloides, UMR 7565 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré Nancy I, Faculté des Sciences, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. rogalska@lesoc.u-nancy.fr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rogalska
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bilewicz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brigaud
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: El Moujahid
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Foulard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Portella
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stébé
mesh_terms: D017611:Fluorine Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008353:Mannitol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011312:Pressure; D013499:Surface Properties; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*
chemical_list: D017611:Fluorine Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D008353:Mannitol