title: [The long-term effects of dual-chamber stimulation in 8 patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and symptoms refractory to medical therapy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The issue of DDD pacing as a therapeutic option for patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is still under debate. Moreover, some authors stress the concept of the placebo effect of electrical therapy in this particular setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated 8 symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy despite medical therapy, who underwent DDD pacemaker implantation as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy. All patients were evaluated with a two-dimensional/Doppler echocardiogram at baseline, shortly after the beginning of DDD pacing and at follow-up. In 3 patients dobutamine stimulation was necessary to elicit the intraventricular gradient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At follow-up (21 +/- 19 months, range 1-54 months) the peak gradient declined from 86 +/- 27 to 34 +/- 27 mmHg (55.2%). In 4 patients the peak gradient sharply declined after pacemaker implantation with active pacing and remained stable throughout the follow-up. In 2 patients we noted a continuous reduction in the peak gradient during the follow-up, while in 2 patients it returned to baseline values after 1 year and 1 month, respectively, despite an early reduction with DDD pacing. All patients experienced symptomatic amelioration throughout the follow-up. Two patients developed angina at the end of our observation together with an increase in the peak gradient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that DDD pacing may be considered as a practical therapeutic option for patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who would otherwise be regarded as candidates for surgery.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Cardiologia ed UTIC, Ospedale Belcolle, Viterbo.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Capezzuto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pontillo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sassara
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Savelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castellani
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Scabbia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors