title: Alteration of Egr-1 mRNA during multistage carcinogenesis in mouse skin.
abstract: Immediate early genes, including fos, jun, and early growth response-1 (Egr-1), are induced during cellular response to changes in extracellular environment. These immediate early genes are believed to mediate processes of cell growth and differentiation. In particular, Egr-1 is induced during mitogenic stimulation of a variety of cell types, including fibroblasts, B cells, and epithelial cells. In the present study, we examined Egr-1 gene expression during multistage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. After a single topical treatment with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to SENCAR mouse skin, Egr-1 mRNA was induced, and maximal induction was observed at 2 h in both epidermis and dermis. Induction of Egr-1 mRNA by TPA was inhibited by fluocinolone acetonide, a potent inhibitor of tumor promotion by TPA. Egr-1 mRNA was present in primary keratinocytes derived from adult SENCAR mice. The keratinocyte cultures were maintained in low Ca(2+) medium, and Egr-1 mRNA levels became significantly elevated after the cultures were switched to high Ca(2+) medium. Additionally, a large proportion of primary papillomas and carcinomas generated from SENCAR mice by standard initiation-promotion regimens exhibited elevated Egr-1 mRNA compared with normal epidermis. Taken together, these data suggest a possible role of Egr-1 during multistage carcinogenesis in mouse skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park Research Division, Smithville, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DiGiovanni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C486109:Egr1 protein, mouse; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors