title: Endotoxin administration alters the force vs. pCa relationship of skeletal muscle fibers.
abstract: Recent work indicates that endotoxemia elicits severe reductions in skeletal muscle force-generating capacity. The subcellular alterations responsible for these decrements have not, however, been fully characterized. One possibility is that the contractile proteins per se are altered in endotoxemia and another is that the mechanism by which these proteins are activated is affected. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of endotoxin administration on the contractile proteins by examining the maximum calcium-activated force (F(max)) and calcium sensitivity of single Triton-skinned fibers of diaphragm, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles taken from control and endotoxin-treated (8 mg/kg) rats. Fibers were mounted on a force transducer and sequentially activated by serial immersion in solutions of increasing Ca(2+) concentration (i.e., pCa 6.0 to pCa 5.0); force vs. pCa data were fit to the Hill equation. All fibers were typed at the conclusion of studies using gel electrophoresis. F(max), the calcium concentration required for half-maximal activation (Ca(50)), and the Hill coefficient were compared as a function of muscle and fiber type for the control and endotoxin-treated animals. Control group F(max) was similar for diaphragm, soleus, and EDL fibers, i.e., 112.34 +/- 2.64, 111.55 +/- 3.66, and 104.05 +/- 4.33 kPa, respectively. Endotoxin administration reduced the average F(max) for fibers from all three muscles to 80.25 +/- 2.30, 72.47 +/- 2.97, and 78.32 +/- 2.43 kPa, respectively (P < 0.001 for comparison of each to control). All fiber types in diaphragm, soleus, and EDL muscles manifested similar endotoxin-related reductions in F(max). The Ca(50) and the Hill coefficient for all fiber types and all muscles were unaffected by endotoxin administration. We speculate that these alterations in the intrinsic properties of the contractile proteins represent a major mechanism by which endotoxemia reduces muscle force-generating capacity.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and Metrohealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44109, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Supinski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nethery
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Nosek
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stofan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: DiMarco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D002118:Calcium