title: Surface tension, proteinuria, and the urine bubbles of Hippocrates.
abstract: Hippocrates noted that bubbles in urine were associated with kidney disease. We examined changes in surface tension responsible for bubble formation in urine, to investigate whether surface tension could be a more accurate and continuous linear predictor of 24-h proteinuria than currently available tests on spot urine.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Diskin
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dansby
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Radcliff
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013500:Surface Tension; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*