title: [Czech pharmaceutical education during the German Occupation from 1939 to 1945].
abstract: When Czech universities were closed down in 1939, the already prepared reform of pharmaceutical graduate studies could not be implemented. The education of pharmacists, assistants, and aspirants was taken over by the Central Union of Pharmacists through its departments, in particular the Czech Pharmaceutical Academy and the Czech Society of Pharmacists. Training of pharmaceutical aspirants took place at the schools for aspirants in Prague and Brno. The experience obtained at these pharmaceutical courses and the new knowledge concerning drugs and pharmaceutical preparations provided by industry and research laboratories contributed to the improvement of the reform of pharmaceutical graduate studies in 1948.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Novácek
mesh_terms: D018153:Czech Republic; D004512:Education, Pharmacy; D049673:History, 20th Century; D012580:Schools, Pharmacy; D014857:Warfare