title: What are the predictors of restoration of sinus rhythm after combined treatment with surgical repair for organic heart disease and the Maze procedure for atrial fibrillation?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, combined treatment using the Maze procedure for organic heart disease and atrial fibrillation has been reported, but there have been few studies of cardiac rhythm after combined treatment. Predictors of cardiac rhythm after combined surgical treatment have been unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients who underwent cardiac surgery with the Maze procedure were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Two groups consisted of the patients with restoration of sinus rhythm after surgery (SR: n=15, 6 males and 9 females, mean age of 64 years), and the patients with maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF; n=15, 5 males and 10 females, mean age of 61 years). Before cardiac surgery, all patients underwent exercise testing with measurement of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) before and after exercise testing, two-dimensional echocardiography, and right and left heart catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean maximal heart rate and the ANP level after exercise testing in SR were significantly higher than those in AF. The left atrial dimension and right atrial and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures were significantly higher in AF than in SR. These findings indicate that subjects in SR exhibited less impaired atrial function which were evaluated by exercise testing with measurement of ANP, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The atrial function of patients with sinus rhythm after the Maze procedure may be less impaired than that of patients remaining in atrial fibrillation.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramori
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawazoe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000601:surgery*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000601:surgery*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000601:surgery*; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor