title: Central auditory processing in patients with auditory hallucinations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data from a full assessment of auditory perception in patients with schizophrenia were used to investigate whether auditory hallucinations are associated with abnormality of central auditory processing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of subjects participated in auditory assessments: 22 patients with psychosis and a recent history of auditory hallucinations, 16 patients with psychosis but no history of auditory hallucinations, and 22 normal subjects. Nine auditory assessments, including auditory brainstem response, monotic and dichotic speech perception tests, and nonspeech perceptual tests, were performed. Statistical analyses for group differences were performed using analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results of individual patients with test scores in the severely abnormal range (more than three standard deviations from the mean for the normal subjects) were examined for patterns that suggested sites of dysfunction in the central auditory system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed significant individual variability among the subjects in both patient groups. There were no group differences on tests that are sensitive to low brainstem function. Both patient groups performed poorly in tests that are sensitive to cortical or high brainstem function, and hallucinating patients differed from nonhallucinating patients in scores on tests of filtered speech perception and response bias patterns on dichotic speech tests. Six patients in the hallucinating group had scores in the severely abnormal range on more than one test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hallucinations may be associated with auditory dysfunction in the right hemisphere or in the interhemispheric pathways. However, comparison of results for the patient groups suggests that the deficits seen in hallucinating patients may represent a greater degree of the same types of deficits seen in nonhallucinating patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Human Communication Research Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia. c.mckay@medoto.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Headlam
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Copolov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001299:Audiometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001308:Auditory Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004007:Dichotic Listening Tests; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests