title: Phosphorylation of MARCKS in Alzheimer disease brains.
abstract: Activation of the amyloid beta-protein precursor, secretary pathway through alpha-secretase has been reported to increase the secretion of neuroprotective amyloid precursor protein and preclude the formation of amyloid beta-protein. Activation of protein kinase C has been shown to accelerate this secretory pathway. These results prompted us to focus on a potential links between protein kinase C and the amyloid beta-protein-related pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Although protein kinase C is reported to occur in senile plaques, its catalytic activity has not been investigated. As the phosphorylation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) has been used as a marker for activation of protein kinase C in vivo, we examined its phosphorylation in brain tissues obtained from seven AD patients and five non-demented subjects using an antibody that specifically recognized MARCKS phosphorylated by protein kinase C. Phosphorylation of MARCKS in cortical neurons in AD brains was weaker than that in control brains. Interestingly, however, phosphorylation of MARCKS was detected in microglia and dystrophic neurites within neuritic plaques, a mature form of amyloid beta-protein deposits. These results suggest that protein kinase C alteration is associated with AD pathology and that protein kinase C is activated in microglia and dystrophic neurites by amyloid beta-protein in AD brains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuzuriha
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C000619710:MARCKS protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate