title: Hyperalgesia and upregulation of cytokines and nerve growth factor by cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice.
abstract: Classical description of syndromes produced by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) does not include sensory manifestations such as pain and/or itching, despite the evident upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Using a murine model of CL we report on evident hyperalgesia, as assessed by acute pain tests, and sustained upregulation of interleukin (IL-1beta) and nerve growth factor (NGF). This upregulation, especially that of NGF, may explain the observed hyperalgesia, in the light of recent evidence on the role of cytokines in the sensitization of nerve afferents and the subsequent hyperalgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Human Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Faculty of Health Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Salim A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kanaan
authors.forename: Nayef E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Saadé
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khansa
authors.forename: Suhayl J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jabbur
authors.forename: Abdo R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jurjus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D007118:Immunoassay; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018320:Leishmania major; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor