title: Indium-111 labelled platelet scintigraphy can predict the immunological origin of fever in patients on dialysis carrying a non-functioning renal allograft.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of labelled platelet scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of a prolonged febrile syndrome (PFS) in patients on dialysis carrying a non-functioning renal allograft. We prospectively performed an indium-111 mercaptopyridine-labelled platelet scan on 91 patients (54 men, 37 women; mean age 39.6+/-12 years). The mean duration of PFS was 35 days (range 7-122). Forty-six of the 91 patients underwent steroid therapy (2-10 mg/day). Platelet labelling was carried out following Thakur's method. Platelet scans were performed 48 h after reinjection of labelled platelets. The platelet uptake index (PUI) was calculated by dividing the cpm/pixel in the allograft ROI by cpm/pixel in a mirror background ROI. The final diagnosis of PFS was established depending on the outcome after treatment. In 61/91 patients the fever had an immunological origin because it disappeared after graft embolisation or transplantectomy. In 30/91 patients the PFS disappeared after antibiotic therapy (non-immunological origin). The PUI in patients with immunological PFS was 1.80+/-0.7, while in patients with non-immunological PFS it was 1.12+/-0.1 (P<0.05). When a PUI of > or =1.5 was considered as the threshold to establish PFS of immunological origin, the sensitivity of platelet scan was 76%, the specificity 100%, and the negative and positive predictive values 69% and 100%, respectively. In patients classified with immunological PFS who underwent steroid therapy, the PUI was significantly lower than in patients without steroids (P<0.05). These results suggest that 111In-labelled platelet scintigraphy can accurately predict an immunological PFS in patients on dialysis carrying a non-functioning renal allograft. Therapy with steroids could reduce the sensitivity of 111In-labelled platelet scintigraphy in detecting immunological PFS.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fuster
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lomeña
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Torregrosa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oppenheimer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piera
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Setoain
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laterza
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herranz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Setoain
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes