title: A small chloroplast-encoded protein as a novel architectural component of the light-harvesting antenna.
abstract: A small conserved open reading frame in the plastid genome, ycf9, encodes a putative membrane protein of 62 amino acids. To determine the function of this reading frame we have constructed a knockout allele for targeted disruption of ycf9. This allele was introduced into the tobacco plastid genome by biolistic transformation to replace the wild-type ycf9 allele. Homoplasmic ycf9 knockout plants displayed no phenotype under normal growth conditions. However, under low light conditions, their growth rate was significantly reduced as compared with the wild-type, due to a lowered efficiency of the light reaction of photosynthesis. We show that this phenotype is caused by the deficiency in a pigment-protein complex of the light-harvesting antenna of photosystem II and hence by a reduced efficiency of photon capture when light availability is limiting. Our results indicate that, in contrast to the current view, light-harvesting complexes do not only consist of the classical pigment-binding proteins, but may contain small structural subunits in addition. These subunits appear to be crucial architectural factors for the assembly and/or maintenance of stable light-harvesting complexes.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biologie III, Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruf
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Biehler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bock
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018745:Genome, Plant; D008027:Light; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010788:Photosynthesis; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010940:Plant Proteins; C407702:ycf9 protein, plant