title: Cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2: regulators of B cell signal transduction.
abstract: One of the areas of greatest recent progress in immunology has been the elucidation of inhibitory receptors and their mode of signal transduction. A common feature of members of this growing family is expression of a conserved cytoplasmic sequence motif, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, which functions to recruit and activate phosphatases that mediate the receptors' function. Family members include the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 (Src-homology-2-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1) and SHP-2, which function to dephosphorylate key intermediaries in antigen receptor signaling pathways. Surprisingly, whereas most data to date support a role for SHP-1 in inhibitory signaling, SHP-2 exhibits distinct functions that appear to positively regulate receptor function.
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tamir
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dal Porto
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cambier
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases