title: [Disturbances in interpersonal functioning and levels of anxiety, depression and aggression in persons persecuted for political reasons in Poland in the years 1944-1956].
abstract: The article presents the results of comparison of 30 victims of political persecution in Poland in the years 1944-1956 (with a diagnosis of PTSD) with a control group in regard to the styles of interpersonal functioning, anxiety, depression and aggression. The examined persons manifest changes in the quality of social contacts--increased results on the scales of hostility syndrome, helplessness, and appeal for help, and decreased results on the scales examining pro-social tendencies. The examined persons are characterized by low affiliation, high level of indifference as well as features developed on the ground of anxiety: lack of self-acceptance, suspiciousness, aggression and negative self-evaluation in comparison with others. They are also characterized by high level of depression, readiness to react with fear or anxiety as the actual state during examination. These categories determine the psychological results of injuries suffered by the examined persons in the past.
authors.affiliation: Zakładu Patologii Społecznej Katedry Psychiatrii CM UJ w Krakówie.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Czaja
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gierowski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D011057:Politics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*