title: Changes of QT dispersion in patients with coronary artery disease dependent on different methods of stress induction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Episodes of stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) may cause increases of QT dispersion (QTd).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aim of this study was to analyze the effect of increasing heart rates on QTd and to compare the effect of different methods of stress induction in patients with varying degrees of CAD when estimating QTd.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 58 patients, 22 with prior myocardial infarction (MI), 25 without MI or wall motion disturbances at rest, and 11 patients without evidence of CAD. Prior to coronary angiography, standard 12-lead ECGs were obtained at rest as well as during dynamic exercise and pharmacologic stress using arbutamine simultaneously with echocardiography. QTd was determined at each stress level by subtracting minimal from maximal QT interval duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  QTd values at rest were not consistently higher in the patients with CAD. At maximal heart rate, QTd was statistically significantly higher in patients with CAD with a better discrimination between groups for pharmacologic stress (p < 0.005 for exercise, p < 0.0001 for arbutamine). Patients after MI had higher QTd values under all conditions than did the groups without MI. As in patients with CAD, the values of this group changed more radically as a result of pharmacologic stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with CAD can be identified on the basis of QTd under stress. These changes were not as marked in patients with MI as their rest values were already increased. Overall, drug-induced stress produced greater differences than dynamic exercise, suggesting that the ischemic threshold might be lower in the former.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Philippusstift, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hailer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Leeuwen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sallner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehr
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002395:Catecholamines; C076559:arbutamine