title: Adenovirus-mediated transfer of caspase-3 with Fas ligand induces drastic apoptosis in U-373MG glioma cells.
abstract: Impaired function of apoptosis-related genes is deeply involved in oncogenesis and the progression of cancers, and caspase-3 plays a critical role as an executioner of apoptosis. We introduced the caspase-3 gene via an adenovirus (Adv) vector into Alexander hepatoma cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and U251 and U-373MG glioma cells which have different endogenous levels of caspase-3 expression. None of the cell lines underwent apoptosis by overexpression of caspase-3, indicating that induction of caspase-3 alone is not applicable for cancer gene therapy. Next, we investigated whether overexpression of caspase-3 could enhance Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis in these four cell lines. In U-373MG cells, which showed the highest level of expression of surface Fas among the four cell lines, coinfection of the Adv for caspase-3 (Adv-caspase-3) and the Adv for Fas ligand (Adv-FL) induced a remarkably increased degree of apoptosis compared with that induced by the single infection of either Adv-caspase-3 or Adv-FL. Similar results were obtained by cotreatment with anti-Fas antibody in U-373MG cells. These data suggest that when strong proapoptotic upstream stimuli are induced, the level of caspase-3 expression determines the degree of apoptosis in cancer cell lines. In conclusion, overexpression of caspase-3 alone did not induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Both a strong proapoptotic signal and a high expression of caspase-3 were required to induce drastic apoptosis in cancers. This strategy would be highly beneficial for selected cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotherapy Research, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 1-37-1 Kami-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8455, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinoura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005910:Glioma; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008024:Ligands; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D008024:Ligands; D019014:fas Receptor; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases