title: Effects of diminished expression of connexin43 on gap junction number and size in ventricular myocardium.
abstract: Gap junction number and size vary widely in cardiac tissues with disparate conduction properties. Little is known about how tissue-specific patterns of intercellular junctions are established and regulated. To elucidate the relationship between gap junction channel protein expression and the structure of gap junctions, we analyzed Cx43 +/- mice, which have a genetic deficiency in expression of the major ventricular gap junction protein, connexin43 (Cx43). Quantitative confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that diminished Cx43 signal in Cx43 +/- mice was due almost entirely to a reduction in the number of individual gap junctions (226 +/- 52 vs. 150 +/- 32 individual gap junctions/field in Cx43 +/+ and +/- ventricles, respectively; P < 0.05). The mean size of an individual gap junction was the same in both groups. Immunofluorescence results were confirmed with electron microscopic morphometry. Thus when connexin expression is diminished, ventricular myocytes become interconnected by a reduced number of large, normally sized gap junctions, rather than a normal number of smaller junctions. Maintenance of large gap junctions may be an adaptive response supporting safe ventricular conduction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. saffitz@pathology.wustl.edu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Saffitz
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Schechtman
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005205:Fascia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006579:Heterozygote; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D018031:Connexin 43