HERV-IP-T47D, a novel type C-related human endogenous retroviral sequence derived from T47D particles.
A new type C retrovirus-related endogenous pol sequence (ERV-FTD) found to be occasionally copackaged in retrovirus-like particles released by the human mammary carcinoma cell line T47D was used to screen a human genomic library (Seifarth W, Skladny H, Krieg-Schneider F, Reichert A, Hehlmann R, and Leib-Mösch C: J Virol 1995;69:6408-6416). The DNA sequence of one full-length clone now reveals a human endogenous proviral sequence (HERV) of 4190 bp in length comprising a 5' LTR (489 bp) and regions with 37 and 74% overall amino acid homology to RTVL-Ia gag and pol genes, respectively. About 35 related elements were found to be distributed on all human chromosomes except 16, 17, and Y. Sequence comparisons with Mo-MuLV and various type C-related HERVs suggest that despite a proline primer-binding site this novel HERV element, now named HERV-IP-T47D, can be assigned to one family together with known HERV-I elements. Phylogenetic analyses of 5 proviral and 25 solitary LTR sequences confirmed the existence of two distinct but closely related subgroups of the HERV-IP superfamily in the primate genome. In contrast to most known HERV-families, the evolutionary age of HERV-IP elements dates back prior to the divergence of New and Old World monkeys. Despite their old age, members of the HERV-IP family are still transcriptionally active and were found to be highly expressed in specific human tissues such as liver and kidney.
Seifarth
W
W
Medical Clinic III, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany. seifarth@rumms.uni-manheim.de
Baust
C
C
Schön
U
U
Reichert
A
A
Hehlmann
R
R
Leib-Mösch
C
C
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002427:Cebidae; D002520:Cercopithecidae; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D015342:DNA Probes / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015750:Genes, gag; D015751:Genes, pol; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017385:Sequence Homology; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D015342:DNA Probes; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase