title: Human immune responses to Schistosoma mansoni vaccine candidate antigens.
abstract: To determine the naturally occurring immunological responses to the Schistosoma mansoni antigens paramyosin, IrV-5, Sm-23 (MAP-3), and triose phosphate isomerase (MAP-4), a total of 119 subjects from an area of endemicity for schistosomiasis, including "resistant" subjects (n = 17) were evaluated. Specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and IgA levels for each of the antigens and the cytokine profile in culture supernatants from antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined. Although all the subjects had a high degree of contaminated water exposure, their infection levels were variable (0 to 1,128 eggs/g of stool). There were direct correlations between infection levels and levels of SWAP- and paramyosin-specific IgG1 and IgG4 (P < 0.05). However, an inverse correlation between infection levels and specific IgG2 to IrV-5 (P < 0.01) was observed. The evaluation of the cytokine profile (interleukin 5 [IL-5], IL-10, gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in response to these antigens showed inverse correlations between the degree of infection and IFN-gamma levels in PBMC supernatants stimulated with paramyosin (P < 0.05) and IrV-5 (P < 0.01). Additionally, inverse correlations between the degree of infection and IL-5 levels in MAP-3- and MAP-4-stimulated PBMC supernatants (P < 0.01) were found. Logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust the results of cytokine profile by age. IL-5 production in MAP-3-stimulated PBMC supernatants was associated with lower infection levels (odds ratio = 11.2 [95% confidence interval, 2.7 to 45.8]).
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro de Jesus
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bacellar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000276:immunology*; D014335:Tropomyosin / Q000276:immunology*; D014612:Vaccines
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D015848:Interleukin-5; D014335:Tropomyosin; D014612:Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase