title: 2-Hydroxycyclohexanecarboxyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase, an enzyme characteristic of the anaerobic benzoate degradation pathway used by Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
abstract: A gene, badH, whose predicted product is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family of enzymes, was recently discovered during studies of anaerobic benzoate degradation by the photoheterotrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Purified histidine-tagged BadH protein catalyzed the oxidation of 2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxyl coenzyme A (2-hydroxychc-CoA) to 2-ketocyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA. These compounds are proposed intermediates of a series of three reactions that are shared by the pathways of cyclohexanecarboxylate and benzoate degradation used by R. palustris. The 2-hydroxychc-CoA dehydrogenase activity encoded by badH was dependent on the presence of NAD(+); no activity was detected with NADP(+) as a cofactor. The dehydrogenase activity was not sensitive to oxygen. The enzyme has apparent K(m) values of 10 and 200 microM for 2-hydroxychc-CoA and NAD(+), respectively. Western blot analysis with antisera raised against purified His-BadH identified a 27-kDa protein that was present in benzoate- and cyclohexanecarboxylate-grown but not in succinate-grown R. palustris cell extracts. The active form of the enzyme is a homotetramer. badH was determined to be the first gene in an operon, termed the cyclohexanecarboxylate degradation operon, containing genes required for both benzoate and cyclohexanecarboxylate degradation. A nonpolar R. palustris badH mutant was unable to grow on benzoate or cyclohexanecarboxylate but had wild-type growth rates on succinate. Cells blocked in expression of the entire cyclohexanecarboxylate degradation operon excreted cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate into the growth medium when given benzoate. This confirms that cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA is an intermediate of anaerobic benzoate degradation by R. palustris. This compound had previously been shown not to be formed by Thauera aromatica, a denitrifying bacterium that degrades benzoate by a pathway that is slightly different from the R. palustris pathway. 2-Hydroxychc-CoA dehydrogenase does not participate in anaerobic benzoate degradation by T. aromatica and thus may serve as a useful indicator of an R. palustris-type benzoate degradation pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Harwood
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001565:Benzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009876:Operon; D011817:Rabbits; D012241:Rhodopseudomonas / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C408970:2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxyl Coenzyme A dehdrogenase