title: Induction of growth hormone (GH) mRNA by pulsatile GH-releasing hormone in rats is pattern specific.
abstract: Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a main inducer of growth hormone (GH) pulses in most species studied to date. There is no information regarding the pattern of GHRH secretion as a regulator of GH gene expression. We investigated the roles of the parameters of exogenous GHRH administration (frequency, amplitude, and total amount) upon induction of pituitary GH mRNA, GH content, and somatic growth in the female rat. Continuous GHRH infusions were ineffective in altering GH mRNA levels, GH stores, or weight gain. Changing GHRH pulse amplitude between 4, 8, and 16 microg/kg at a constant frequency (Q3.0 h) was only moderately effective in augmenting GH mRNA levels, whereas the 8 microg/kg and 16 microg/kg dosages stimulated weight gain by as much as 60%. When given at a 1.5-h frequency, GHRH doubled the amount of GH mRNA, elevated pituitary GH stores, and stimulated body weight gain. In the rat model, pulsatile but not continuous GHRH administration is effective in inducing pituitary GH mRNA and GH content as well as somatic growth. These studies suggest that the greater growth rate, pituitary mRNA levels, and GH stores seen in male compared with female rats are likely mediated, in part, by the endogenous episodic GHRH secretory pattern present in males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA. russell_borski@ncsu.edu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Borski
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demott-Friberg
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Barkan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D010507:Periodicity; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone