title: Structure and biological activities of eumenine mastoparan-AF (EMP-AF), a new mast cell degranulating peptide in the venom of the solitary wasp (Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado).
abstract: A new mast cell degranulating peptide, eumenine mastoparan-AF (EMP-AF), was isolated from the venom of the solitary wasp Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado, the most common eumenine wasp found in Japan. The structure was analyzed by FAB-MS/MS together with Edman degradation, which was corroborated by solid-phase synthesis. The sequence of EMP-AF, Ile-Asn-Leu-Leu-Lys-Ile-Ala-Lys-Gly-Ile-Ile-Lys-Ser-Leu-NH(2), was similar to that of mastoparan, a mast cell degranulating peptide from a hornet venom; tetradecapeptide with C-terminus amidated and rich in hydrophobic and basic amino acids. In fact, EMP-AF exhibited similar activity to mastoparan in stimulating degranulation from rat peritoneal mast cells and RBL-2H3 cells. It also showed significant hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes. Therefore, this is the first example that a mast cell degranulating peptide is found in the solitary wasp venom. Besides the degranulation and hemolytic activity, EMP-AF also affects on neuromuscular transmission in the lobster walking leg preparation. Three analogs EMP-AF-1 approximately 3 were snythesized and biologically tested together with EMP-AF, resulting in the importance of the C-terminal amide structure for biological activities.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil. kk-gon@rc.unesp.br
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hisada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itagaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakata
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008121:Nephropidae; D011487:Protein Conformation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014862:Wasp Venoms; C412288:eumenine mastoparan-AF