Environmental enrichment of laboratory animals used in regulatory toxicology studies.
There is a wealth of information in the published literature which describes a multitude of approaches to enriching the environment of laboratory animals. This paper attempts to review the various methods of enrichment through social contact, enhancement of the environment and diet, and improvements in husbandry. It attempts to place the various enrichment initiatives within the context of a laboratory which conducts regulatory toxicology, describes some of the experiences in the author's own laboratory and attempts to highlight those ideas which might prove practical to implement in the future. The aim is to demonstrate that a creative approach to environmental enrichment is indeed compatible with regulatory toxicology. It is hoped that this will encourage those responsible for the care and welfare of animals in such a laboratory to challenge historical practices and include environmental enrichment as a fundamental necessity of study design.
Dean
S W
SW
Covance Laboratories Ltd, Harrogate, North Yorkshire, UK.
D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory; D004285:Dogs; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006799:Housing, Animal; D051379:Mice; D011323:Primates; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014116:Toxicology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*