title: Renal-protective effect of nondepressor dose of cicletanine in diabetic rats with hypertension.
abstract: We assessed the renal and cardiac benefits of cicletanine (CIC), a furopyridine derivative drug with diuretic and antihypertensive properties, in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats with renal impairment. Uninephrectomized streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic spontaneously hypertensive Izmo rats (SHRIzm) (10 weeks old) were randomly assigned to receive vehicle or CIC (100 mg/kg/day, orally), and age-matched, uninephrectomized STZ diabetic Wistar-Kyoto Izmo rats (WKYIzm) were assigned to receive vehicle for up to 12 weeks. Blood pressure increased progressively in diabetic SHRIzm but not in diabetic WKYIzm. Urinary albumin excretion increased significantly in both diabetic SHRIzm and diabetic WKYIzm throughout the experiment. The antihypertensive effect of CIC was not significantly observed in diabetic SHRIzm. However, the subdepressor doses of CIC significantly decreased urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in diabetic SHRIzm. These results were confirmed by morphological analysis of kidneys in each group of rats. The index of focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS) in diabetic SHRIzm was significantly higher than that in diabetic WKYIzm. The CIC treatment significantly and effectively protected against an increase in the index of FGS in diabetic SHRIzm. Moreover, CIC treatment significantly attenuated the increase in the heart weight to body weight ratio in diabetic SHRIzm. Treatment with CIC did not affect urinary and blood glucose concentrations at this dose. These results suggest that CIC has a renal-protective action, which is not related to improvement of diabetes or improvement of high blood pressure in diabetic rats with hypertension. The action might be due to the reduction of intraglomerular capillary pressure or protection of the renal glomerular vascular endothelial cell injury and mesangial cell injury through stimulation of PGI2 generation or elimination of free radicals, although the mechanism remains to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Section of Internal Medicine and Disability Prevention, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. kohzuki@mail.cc.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohzuki
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasujima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003971:Diastole; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D011725:Pyridines; D003404:Creatinine; C038068:cicletanine