title: Pharmacokinetics of a fluoronaphthyridone, trovafloxacin (CP 99,219), in infants and children following administration of a single intravenous dose of alatrofloxacin.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of trovafloxacin following administration of a single intravenous dose of alatrofloxacin, equivalent to 4 mg of trovafloxacin per kg of body weight, were determined in 6 infants (ages 3 to 12 months) and 14 children (ages, 2 to 12 years). There was rapid conversion of alatrofloxacin to trovafloxacin, with an average +/- standard deviation (SD) peak trovafloxacin concentration determined at the end of the infusion of 4.3 +/- 1.4 microg/ml. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters (average +/- SD) analyzed were volume of distribution at steady state (1.6 +/- 0.6 liters/kg), clearance (151 +/- 82 ml/h/kg), and half-life (9.8 +/- 2.9 h). The drug was well tolerated by all children. There were no age-related differences in any of the pharmacokinetic parameters studied. Less than 5% of the administered dose was excreted in the urine over 24 h. On the basis of the mean area under the concentration-time curve of 30.5 +/- 10.1 microg. h/ml and the susceptibility (< or =0.5 microg/ml) of common pediatric bacterial pathogens to trovafloxacin, dosing of 4 mg/kg/day once or twice daily should be appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, CA 92123, USA. jbradley@chsd.org
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kearns
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Capparelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004347:Drug Interactions; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D011355:Prodrugs; C106856:alatrofloxacin; C080163:trovafloxacin