title: Education of physicians-in-training can decrease the risk for vascular catheter infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Procedure instruction for physicians-in-training is usually nonstandardized. The authors observed that during insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs), few physicians used full-size sterile drapes (an intervention proven to reduce the risk for CVC-related infection).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To improve standardization of infection control practices and techniques during invasive procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized pre-post observational trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six intensive care units and one step-down unit at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
  
  
  METHODS
  Third-year medical students and physicians completing their first postgraduate year.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1-day course on infection control practices and procedures given in June 1996 and June 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys assessing physician attitudes toward use of sterile techniques during insertion of CVCs were administered during the baseline year and just before, immediately after, and 6 months after the first course. Preintervention and postintervention use of full-size sterile drapes was measured, and surveillance for vascular catheter-related infection was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The perceived need for full-size sterile drapes was 22% in the year before the course and 73% 6 months after the course (P < 0.001). The perceived need for small sterile towels at the insertion site decreased reciprocally (P < 0.001). Documented use of full-size sterile drapes increased from 44% to 65% (P < 0.001). The rate of catheter-related infection decreased from 4.51 infections per 1000 patient-days before the first course to 2.92 infections per 1000 patient-days 18 months after the first course (average decrease, 3.23 infections per 1000 patient-days; P < 0.01). The estimated cost savings of this 28% decrease was at least $63000 and may have exceeded $800000.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standardization of infection control practices through a course is a cost-effective way to decrease related adverse outcomes. If these findings can be reproduced, this approach may serve as a model for physicians-in-training.
authors.affiliation: North Carolina Baptist Hospital and Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA. sherertz@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sherertz
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Ely
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Westbrook
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Gledhill
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Streed
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiger
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bowton
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hulgan
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Haponik
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016602:Needlestick Injuries / Q000209:etiology