title: Resting energy expenditure in asymptomatic HIV-infected females.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether resting energy expenditure (REE) is elevated in early, asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected females and to study the contribution of a cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), to hypermetabolism. Cross-sectional comparison of REE in asymptomatic HIV+ females and a control group matched for age, body mass index (BMI), and fat-free mass (FFM). Twenty-six females aged 35 +/- 7 years (10 HIV+ [mean CD4+ T cell count 636/mm3] and 16 healthy controls) participated in this study. REE was measured by indirect calorimeter using a Deltatrac ventilated hood with a continuous rate of 40 L/min for 30 minutes after a 40-minute equilibrium period. All tests were performed after a 12-hour overnight fast. Twenty-four-hour urinary nitrogen was calculated to correct for respiratory quotient. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance (BioAnalogics, Beaverton, OR). TNF-alpha was measured by ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). Absolute REE was 17% higher (1755 kcal/kg +/- 410 versus 1497 kcal/kg +/- 197) in the HIV+ group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). REE remained significantly higher in the HIV+ group when REE was adjusted for body composition differences (p = 0.04). Results revealed a 23% higher level of TNF-alpha in the HIV+ subjects (p < 0.01); however, only a weak correlation existed between TNF-alpha and REE (r = .352). This study documented that hypermetabolism and elevated TNF-alpha exist in HIV+ females in the early stages of disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Provost-Craig
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha