title: The migraine ACE model: evaluating the impact on time lost and medical resource Use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the Migraine Adaptive Cost-Effectiveness Model in the context of an analysis of a simulated population of Canadian patients with migraine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The high prevalence of migraine and its substantial impact on patients' ability to function normally present a significant economic burden to society. In light of the recent availability of improved pharmaceutical treatments, a model was developed to assess their economic impact.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Migraine Adaptive Cost-Effectiveness Model incorporates the costs of time lost from both work and nonwork activities, as well as medical resource and medication use. Using Monte Carlo techniques, the model simulates the experience of a population of patients with migraine over the course of 1 year. As an example, analyses of a Canadian population were carried out using data from a multinational trial, surveys, national statistics, and the available literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using customary therapy, mean productivity losses (amounting to 84 hours of paid work time, 48 hours of unpaid work time, and 113 hours of leisure time lost) were estimated to cost $1949 (in 1997 Canadian dollars) per patient, with medical expenditures adding an average of $280 to the cost of illness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With customary treatment patterns, the costs of migraine associated with reduced functional capacity are substantial. The migraine model represents a flexible tool for the economic evaluation of different migraine treatments in various populations.
authors.affiliation: Caro Research, Boston, Mass; Caro Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Getsios
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raggio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004526:Efficiency; D004651:Employment / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D018803:Models, Economic; D009010:Monte Carlo Method