title: Polyadenylation of three classes of chloroplast RNA in Chlamydomonas reinhadtii.
abstract: Three classes of RNA, represented by atpB and petD mRNAs, Arg and Glu tRNAs, and 5S rRNA, were found to exist in polyadenylated form in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplasts. Sequence analysis of cDNA clones derived from reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction protocols used to select polyadenylated RNAs revealed that, at least for the mRNAs and tRNAs, there are three apparent types of polyadenylation. In the first case, the poly(A) tail is added at or near the mature 3' end, even when this follows a strong secondary structure. In the second case, the tail is added to pre-mRNA or pre-tRNA, suggesting a possible competition between polyadenylation and RNA-processing pathways. Finally, in all cases, the poly(A) tail can be added internally, possibly as a part of an RNA-decay pathway. The tails found in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts differ from those of spinach chloroplasts in adenine content, being nearly homopolymeric (>98% adenine) versus 70% in spinach, and are similar in length to those of Escherichia coli, being mostly between 20 and 50 nt. In vitro assays using a Chlamydomonas chloroplast protein extract showed that a 3' end A25 tail was sufficient to stimulate rapid degradation of atpB RNA in vitro, with a lesser effect for petD, and only minor effects on trnE. We therefore propose that polyadenylation contributes to mRNA degradation in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts, but that its effect may vary.
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komine
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Anguera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D017125:Genes, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011061:Poly A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000235:genetics; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000235:genetics; D018747:RNA, Chloroplast / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012322:RNA Precursors; D018747:RNA, Chloroplast; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016053:RNA, Protozoan; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S; D011061:Poly A; D012343:RNA, Transfer