title: Improved prediction of calcitonin normalization in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients by quantitative lymph node analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to identify better prognostic parameters for normalization of serum calcitonin in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 73 patients who had undergone systematic lymph node dissection for MTC between September 1995 and November 1998, preoperative (n = 29) and postoperative (n = 65) basal and stimulated serum calcitonin were correlated with the pTNM classification and the number of positive regional lymph nodes and compartments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast to pT and M, there was a significant correlation between postoperative calcitonin and the pN category. With rising numbers of positive lymph nodes (0, 1-9, 10-19, and > or = 20), postoperative basal and stimulated calcitonin increased exponentially, and gross distant metastases (M1) occurred more frequently (0%, 4%, 13%, and 50%; P = 0.013). Conversely, serum calcitonin was less often normalized (65%, 31%, 0%, and 0%; P = 0. 003). There was a close correlation between the number of positive lymph nodes and the number of affected compartments (P < 0.001; r = 0.93). Irrespective of location, involvement of 10 or more lymph nodes and more than 2 compartments precluded normalization of serum calcitonin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative lymph node analysis of MTC improves prediction of calcitonin normalization. When more than two compartments are involved, normalization of serum calcitonin cannot be attained. Surgery should then be less extensive and more directed at preventing local complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machens
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gimm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ukkat
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hinze
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schneyer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dralle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood*; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002116:Calcitonin