title: Cognitive changes after cerebrospinal fluid shunting in young adults with spina bifida and assumed arrested hydrocephalus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether surgery can improve the neuropsychological functioning of young adult patients with spina bifida and apparent clinically arrested hydrocephalus showing abnormal intracranial pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty three young adults with spina bifida and assumed arrested hydrocephalus (diagnosed as active or compensated by continuous intracranial pressure monitoring) underwent surgery. All patients received neuropsychological examination before surgery and 6 months later. Neuropsychological assessment included tests of verbal and visual memory, visuospatial functions, speed of mental processing, and frontal lobe functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shunt placement in this subgroup of patients improves neuropsychological functioning, especially in verbal and visual memory and attention and cognitive flexibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adults with spina bifida and suspected non-functioning shunt or non-shunted ventriculomegaly should be carefully monitored to identify those who could benefit from shunting.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology, Department of Neurosurgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospitals, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mataró
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Poca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sahuquillo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuxart
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iborra
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de la Calzada
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Junqué
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome