Interspecies major histocompatibility complex-restricted Th cell epitope on foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid protein VP4.
T-cell epitopes within viral polypeptide VP4 of the capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus were analyzed using 15-mer peptides and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from vaccinated outbred pigs. An immunodominant region between VP4 residues 16 and 35 was identified, with peptide residues 20 to 34 (VP4-0) and 21 to 35 (VP4-5) particularly immunostimulatory for PBMC from all of the vaccinated pigs. CD25 upregulation on peptide-stimulated CD4(+) CD8(+) cells-dominated by Th memory cells in the pig-and inhibition using anti-major histocompatibility complex class II monoclonal antibodies indicated recognition by Th lymphocytes. VP4-0 immunogenicity was retained in a tandem peptide with the VP1 residue 137 to 156 sequential B-cell epitope. This B-cell site also retained immunogenicity, but evidence is presented that specific antibody induction in vitro required both this and the T-cell site. Heterotypic recognition of the residue 20 to 35 region was also noted. Consequently, the VP4 residue 20 to 35 region is a promiscuous, immunodominant and heterotypic T-cell antigenic site for pigs that is capable of providing help for a B-cell epitope when in tandem, thus extending the possible immunogenic repertoire of peptide vaccines.
Blanco
E
E
Centro de Investigation en Sanidad Animal, INIA, Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain.
McCullough
K
K
Summerfield
A
A
Fiorini
J
J
Andreu
D
D
Chiva
C
C
Borrás
E
E
Barnett
P
P
Sobrino
F
F
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; D014765:Viral Vaccines