title: Contaminant dispersion in the vicinity of a worker in a uniform velocity field.
abstract: The transportation of gaseous contaminant from a low and moderate low impulse (momentum<1 m s(-1)) source to the breathing zone was studied in a uniform air stream flow. Results of the effects of the direction and the velocity of principal air flow, convection due to a human body, arm movement of a human being and the type of source on the concentration profiles are presented. Three important results were obtained. Firstly, for a given low and moderate impulse low impulse contaminant source in the near field of a worker, his/her orientation relative to the principal air flow direction is the most important factor in reducing occupational exposure, with an air velocity of about 0.3 m s(-1). Secondly, the effect of convection resulting from body heat on air flow was lower than expected. Thirdly, arm movements influence contaminant dispersion, and should be included when models assessing exposure are developed. The present data can also be used to validate existing computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models.
authors.affiliation: Lappeenranta Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Laserkatu 6, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland. irma.welling@occuphealth.fi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Welling
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Räisänen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mielo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marttinen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niemelä
mesh_terms: D000392:Air Movements; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D018481:Convection; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics; D014691:Ventilation