title: Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of an in vivo model of optic nerve ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the possibility that an elevation of glutamate levels in the vitreous might be associated with the microvascular compromise of the optic nerve.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endothelin-1, 0.1 microg/d (5 rabbits), or balanced salt solution (4 rabbits) was delivered to the perineural region of the anterior optic nerve by osmotically driven minipumps for 2 weeks. Vitreous specimens were obtained, and their amino acid contents were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant elevation in the mean +/- SEM vitreous concentrations of glutamate (264% +/-41%; P = .04), aspartate (269% +/-31%; P = .04), and glycine (232% +/-26%; P = .04) in the eyes subjected to endothelin-1 when compared with the fellow control eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of endothelin-1 to the microvasculature of the optic nerve leads to elevation of glutamate, aspartate, and glycine concentrations in the vitreous.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of excitatory amino acids in the vitreous might be associated with various ischemic processes of the optic nerve, including glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and may play a role in the neuronal damage that is seen in these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000633:toxicity; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D008297:Male; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005998:Glycine