title: Fibromuscular dysplasia: a rare cause of cilioretinal artery occlusion in childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of cilioretinal artery occlusion with angiographic findings characteristic of the "string of beads" associated with renovascular hypertension secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery in a child.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient underwent ex vivo renal artery reconstruction with saphenous vein graft and reimplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main clinical outcomes were control of severe hypertension, reversible hypertensive retinopathy, and improvement of vision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Revascularization of the kidney improved renal function, and renovascular hypertension was clearly improved. Visual acuity improved to 20/200.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A child with hypertensive retinopathy and arterial occlusion in the retina should undergo investigation to rule out a surgically curable hypertension. Magnetic resonance angiography of extrarenal vessels may reveal other sites of involvement of fibromuscular dysplasia. Evaluation and early diagnosis of renovascular hypertension will prevent severe end-organ damage.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, Ramanthibodi Hospital Faculty, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. sukhuma@a-net.net.th
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warrasak
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tapaneya-Olarn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Euswas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sriphojanart
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sirikulchayanonta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leelachaikul
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D019842:Ciliary Arteries; D005260:Female; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity