title: A practical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapies are important in the control of most forms of periodontal disease. Sometimes, nonsurgical therapy is adequate to control the disease in mild cases and to slow progression and maintain periodontal stability in more advanced cases. Other times, both therapies may be indicated to obtain satisfactory results. The author presents treatment guidelines and recommendations for periodontal therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The author searched the dental literature for information pertaining to periodontal therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The author found evidence-based data to support the effectiveness of nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy in controlling periodontal disease. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy requires time, effort, and good diagnostic and clinical skills to obtain satisfactory results. The results are determined by evaluating the patient's periodontal disease after active therapy, at which time additional surgical or nonsurgical treatment may be recommended. Evaluation should continue throughout the lifelong supportive phase of periodontal therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should continue to develop and enhance their diagnostic skills, assess factors that affect diagnosis and prognosis, formulate a comprehensive treatment plan, render appropriate treatment, evaluate the outcome and determine when periodontal care is indicated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Failure to comply with monitoring the patient's periodontal status may lead to uncontrolled disease and eventually premature tooth loss. Premature tooth loss can be prevented through patient education and application of evidence-based nonsurgical and surgical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Dental Medicine, Southern Illinois University, School of Dental Medicine, Alton 62002-4798, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: McLeod
mesh_terms: D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012017:Referral and Consultation