title: Fas (APO-1/CD95) ligand and Fas expression in renal cell carcinomas: correlation with the prognostic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fas ligand (FasL, CD95L) is a type II transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor family that induces cells to send an apoptotic signal to cells expressing Fas (CD95, APO-1). It has been shown that cancers have a dysregulated expression of Fas and FasL system, conferring a survival advantage. It is important to understand FasL and Fas expression in tumors, because the growth of cancer might be controlled by Fas-mediated apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expressions of FasL and Fas were studied by immunohistochemical analyses in 51 cases of renal cell carcinomas and the adjacent normal renal tissues, respectively. In addition, their expressions were compared with prognostic factors, such as tumor size, nuclear grade, TNM stage, and histologic types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In nonneoplastic renal tissues, FasL was expressed in all nephron segments, whereas Fas also expressed in all tubules, except for glomeruli. In renal cell carcinomas, FasL protein was detected in 50 (98.0%) of 51 cases, whereas Fas expressed in 38 (74.5%) of 51 cases. In fact, the immunostaining of Fas was less intense than that in the adjacent normal segments of all cases. The staining pattern showing both high expression of FasL and low expression of Fas was found in 36 (70.6%) (P = .04) of 51 cases, most of which were Fuhrman grade 2 or 3 tumors. However, the expression pattern did not correlate statistically with the tumor size, histologic type, or clinical stage. On the other hand, most grade 4 tumors displayed high expression of both FasL and Fas (P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that high expression of FasL and low expression of Fas protein in renal cell carcinomas may play a role in evading surveillance of the immune system. In addition, the FasL and Fas expressions appear to have a therapeutic implication for high-grade tumors rather than a prognostic one.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Gojan-Dong, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009399:Nephrons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000276:immunology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019014:fas Receptor