title: Molecular and environmental causes of cancer.
abstract: The multistep, clonal evolution model of cancer predicts fundamental mechanisms by which chemicals may influence the cancer process. These are illustrated by studies of the mechanisms of induction of carcinogenesis by estrogens and the inhibition of carcinogenesis by caloric restriction.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D004967:Estrogens