title: Herpesvirus saimiri-based gene delivery vectors maintain heterologous expression throughout mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation in vitro.
abstract: In order to achieve a high efficiency of gene delivery into rare cell types like stem cells the use of viral vectors is presently without alternative. An ideal stem cell gene therapy vector would be able to infect primitive progenitor cells and sustain or activate gene expression in differentiated progeny. However, many viral vectors are inactivated when introduced in developing systems where cell differentiation occurs. To this end, we have developed a mouse in vitro model for testing herpesvirus saimiri (HVS)-based gene therapy vectors. We demonstrate here for the first time that HVS is able to infect totipotent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with high efficiency. We have transduced ES cells with a recombinant virus carrying the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene and the neomycin resistance gene (NeoR) driven by a CMV promoter and the SV40 promoter, respectively. ES cells maintain the viral episomal genome and can be terminally differentiated into mature haematopoietic cells. Moreover, heterologous gene expression is maintained throughout in vitro differentiation. Besides its obvious use in gene therapy, this unique expression system has wide ranging applications in studies aimed at understanding gene function and expression in cell differentiation and development.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Unit, University of Leeds, St James's University Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kinsey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whitehouse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonifer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006567:Herpesvirus 2, Saimiriine / Q000235:genetics*; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins