title: Urologic complications of extravesical ureteroneocystostomy in renal transplantation from living related donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reconstruction of the urinary system during renal transplantation is usually performed with antirefluxive ureteroneocystostomy techniques and extravesical methods are usually preferred.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1983 and 1997, 241 renal transplantations from living donors were performed at our institution. A variation of the Lich-Gregoir technique was used as the ureteroneocystostomy method in all cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 12 (4.9%) urologic complications were observed. Urinary fistula developed in 5 (2%) cases and were explored surgically during the early postoperative period. Postoperative vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) to the transplanted kidney was identified in 7 (2.9%) cases. Either endoscopic or surgical interventions resolved VUR in 4 cases while the other 3 did not need further treatment. No ureteral stenosis was observed. There was no loss of graft due to urologic complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urologic complications after renal transplantation are reported to be about 7% and ischemia is blamed as the major contributing factor. Preparation of the native ureter during donor nephrectomy and preservation of distal periureteral fatty tissue, anastomosis technique variations in vascular anatomy, rejections and medications are the major factors determining the ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical Faculty of Istanbul, University of Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nane
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Kadioglu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tefekli
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koçak
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ander
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Köksal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*