title: High CA repeat numbers in intron 13 of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene and increased risk of coronary artery disease.
abstract: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a key role in vascular homeostasis. Because its product, nitric oxide, possesses vasodilatory and antiatherogenic properties, an altered eNOS function might promote atherosclerosis. We investigated the association between variations in CA repeat copy number [(CA), polymorphism] in intron 13 of the eNOS gene and the risk of coronary artery disease. (CA), polymorphism was investigated in 1000 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease and 1000 age- and gender-matched control subjects by a PCR-based fragment length calculation. Twenty-eight different alleles were identified containing 17-44 CA repeats. The presence of one allele containing > or = 38 repeats was associated with an excess risk of coronary artery disease (odds ratio 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.31-2.86, P = 0.001). Carriers of alleles containing > or = 38 CA repeats were, in particular, overrepresented in the subgroup without common cardiovascular risk factors (odds ratio 3.39, 95% confidence interval 1.30-8.86, P = 0.009). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the (CA), polymorphism proved to be an independent risk factor (relative risk 2.17, 95% confidence interval 1.44-3.27, P = 0.0002). Our findings indicate that high numbers of CA repeats in intron 13 of the eNOS gene are associated with an excess risk of coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Charité, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Germany. karl.stangl@charite.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stangl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cascorbi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laule
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stangl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rost
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wernecke
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bindereif
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Roots
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D003596:Cytosine; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D003596:Cytosine; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D000225:Adenine