Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication prior to reverse transcription by influenza virus stimulation.
It is now recognized that, in addition to drug-mediated therapies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the immune system can exert antiviral effects via CD8(+) T-cell-generated anti-HIV factors. This study demonstrates that (i) supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with influenza A virus inhibit replication of CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 isolates prior to reverse transcription; (ii) the HIV-suppressive supernatants can be generated by CD4- or CD8-depleted PBMC; (iii) this anti-HIV activity is partially due to alpha interferon (IFN-alpha), but not to IFN-gamma, IFN-beta, the beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES, or interleukin-16; (iv) the anti-HIV activity is generated equally well by PBMC cultured with either infectious or UV-inactivated influenza A virus; and (v) the antiviral activity can be generated by influenza A-stimulated PBMC from HIV-infected individuals. These findings represent a novel mechanism for inhibition of HIV-1 replication that differs from the previously described CD8 anti-HIV factors (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, and CD8 antiviral factor).
Pinto
L A
LA
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Blazevic
V
V
Patterson
B K
BK
Mac Trubey
C
C
Dolan
M J
MJ
Shearer
G M
GM
D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
D000906:Antibodies; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D016898:Interferon-alpha