title: Uniportal endoscopic superior thoracic sympathectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective study presenting our experience with upper thoracic endoscopic sympathectomy in patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients (46 women and 54 men) underwent bilateral uniportal endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy since January 1, 1995. Age distribution ranged from 12 to 54 years (mean, 23.4 yr).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sympathectomy on both sides was accomplished within 30 minutes in a single stage. Ninety-six patients (96%) had an uneventful postoperative course and were discharged the following day. Four patients with residual hemothorax required intercostal drainage and were discharged on the third postoperative day. Ninety-six patients were completely satisfied with immediate and permanent relief of palmar perspiration. Compensatory hyperhidrosis was the major complication, which was usually mild and tolerable after reassurance. In only eight patients (8%) was the compensatory hyperhidrosis considered bothersome, requiring treatment with aluminum chloride in ethanol solution at 25%. There was no mortality. Recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis has been noticed in five patients (5%) during the follow-up period (range, 2-56 mo; mean, 12 mo). At the time of reoperation, a remaining branch of the sympathetic chain could be observed and coagulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We consider thoracoscopic sympathectomy to be a simple, safe, and effective method for treating palmar hyperhidrosis. It is an effective method for treating patients with palmar hyperhidrosis, with a shorter operation time, fewer hospital days, and a better cosmetic result, as compared with the open approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Clinica Universitaria, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vanaclocha
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sáiz-Sapena
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Panta
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002712:Chlorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D006945:Hyperhidrosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013562:Sympathectomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013909:Thorax / Q000294:innervation*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride