Translating biomolecular recognition into nanomechanics.
We report the specific transduction, via surface stress changes, of DNA hybridization and receptor-ligand binding into a direct nanomechanical response of microfabricated cantilevers. Cantilevers in an array were functionalized with a selection of biomolecules. The differential deflection of the cantilevers was found to provide a true molecular recognition signal despite large nonspecific responses of individual cantilevers. Hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides shows that a single base mismatch between two 12-mer oligonucleotides is clearly detectable. Similar experiments on protein A-immunoglobulin interactions demonstrate the wide-ranging applicability of nanomechanical transduction to detect biomolecular recognition.
Fritz
J
J
IBM Research, Zurich Research Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
Baller
M K
MK
Lang
H P
HP
Rothuizen
H
H
Vettiger
P
P
Meyer
E
E
Güntherodt
H
H
Gerber
C
C
Gimzewski
J K
JK
D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D020029:Base Pairing; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D006041:Goats; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D007127:Immunoglobulin Constant Regions / Q000737:chemistry*; D008024:Ligands; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A / Q000737:chemistry*; D055672:Static Electricity; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000737:chemistry
D007127:Immunoglobulin Constant Regions; D008024:Ligands; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A; D013873:Thionucleotides; D006046:Gold; D012825:Silicon