title: Clinical disease in kittens inoculated with a pathogenic strain of Bartonella henselae.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate disease in kittens inoculated with Bartonella henselae strain LSU16.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen 12-week-old specific-pathogen-free kittens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kittens were inoculated with B henselae strain LSU16 or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Blood samples were collected from kittens on alternate weeks, and bacteremia, clinical signs, and antibody concentrations were monitored for 6 months after inoculation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kittens developed raised, erythematous areas at the site of inoculation within 72 hours. Swelling peaked at 14 days and resolved by 28 days after inoculation. Fever had a biphasic pattern, with an episode of 1- to 3-days' duration beginning 6 to 7 days after inoculation followed by an episode of 3- to 8-days' duration beginning 11 to 13 days after inoculation. Kittens were bacteremic by day 14 with peak bacteremia at days 14 to 28. Strong antibody responses to B henselae were detected. Clinical disease resolved before bacteremia became undetectable, but signs of disease correlated with the highest degree of bacteremia. Regional lymphadenopathy also was evident.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical disease in kittens was similar to that in adult cats infected with B henselae strain LSU16, except that lethargy and anorexia were less severe in kittens, and a biphasic pattern of fever was detected in kittens. Clinical disease after inoculation with B henselae may be strain-dependent. To limit transmission of Bartonella organisms, appropriate flea prevention should be instituted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Kittens that are febrile, anorectic, lethargic, and that have lymphadenopathy should be tested for Bartonella organisms, and contact with immunocompromised owners should be discouraged.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mikolajczyk
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000662:veterinary; D018416:Bartonella henselae / Q000276:immunology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002372:Cat-Scratch Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M