title: Anaesthesia, recovery and postoperative nausea and vomiting after breast surgery. A comparison between desflurane, sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whereas induction and recovery will occur more rapidly with the new low soluble anaesthetics than with isoflurane, the quality of anaesthesia and recovery with special emphasis on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an open (peroperatively), double-blinded (postoperatively), randomised controlled study, we assessed anaesthesia characteristics, recovery and 24 h PONV after breast surgery comparing isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant quality differences between the three agents during anaesthesia and recovery except for the incidence of PONV in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU). The PONV rate (24 h in PACU and ward) was higher in the desflurane group (67%) than in the isoflurane group (22%), (P<0.01). The corresponding PONV rate for sevoflurane was 36%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality of anaesthesia, time to opening of eyes and influence on respiration was similar with all three anaesthetics. As the emergence from anaesthesia did not differ significantly between the three agents, the choice of agent could be based on PONV rate and price. Desflurane had a significantly higher 24 h PONV rate than isoflurane. Early PACU PONV rate was significantly (P<0.05) lower for the more soluble isoflurane (4%) than for the low soluble gases, desflurane and sevoflurane together (28%). The result of this study does not give a rationale for a transition to the new low soluble agents in breast cancer surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Karlsen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wennberg
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stenqvist
mesh_terms: D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery*; D000077335:Desflurane; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D008875:Middle Aged; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000188:drug therapy; D012119:Respiration; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane