title: Most clot-bound thrombin activity is inhibited by plasma antithrombin during clot aging, but a very small fraction survives.
abstract: Inhibitory effects of thrombin inhibitors against clot-bound thrombin have been evaluated using clots prepared from human plasma as the source of clot-immobilized active enzyme, and the clot-bound thrombin has been reported to be protected from its inhibition by antithrombin. However, we found that the clot-bound thrombin was not intrinsically protected from inhibition by antithrombin, i.e., a large fraction of initially active clot-bound thrombin was inhibited by antithrombin present in human plasma time dependently, and only very small fractions (0.04--0.08%) of the thrombin retained their enzymatic activity after clot-aging. These results suggest that the extent of clot-aging determines the sensitivity of clot-bound thrombin to antithrombin, and that inhibitory effects of drugs against clot-bound thrombin in vitro must be interpreted with caution to estimate their effects in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology Laboratory, Japan Energy Corporation, Toda, Saitama.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000991:Antithrombins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013917:Thrombin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006493:Heparin; D013917:Thrombin