title: Pancreaticojejunostomy versus pancreaticogastrostomy in reconstruction following pancreaticoduodenectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) after pancreaticoduodenectomy has been reported to have a lower incidence of pancreatic fistula than pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) but this was not confirmed in a recent prospective randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different methods of reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy were used between January 1994 and January 1999 in two university-affiliated hospitals, PJ (n = 69) in one hospital and PG (n = 73) in the other. Operations at both hospitals were performed by the same surgical team. All pancreatic anastomoses were carried out in two layers with pancreatic duct stents. Pancreatic fistula was identified by the presence of more than 1000 units/l of amylase-rich fluid in the drains 7 days or more after operation, by radiography from the pancreatic duct stent and by water-soluble contrast upper gastrointestinal studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups of patients were similar in terms of age, sex, findings at preoperative assessment, disease status, operative time, intraoperative blood loss and nature of non-tumorous pancreatic tissue. The amylase level in ascites at 7 days after operation was significantly lower after PG than PJ (P = 0.032). The incidence of pancreatic fistula in the PG group (zero) was significantly less than that after PJ (13 per cent) (P = 0.014). Intra-abdominal haemorrhage and intra-abdominal abscess occurred in three (4 per cent) and four patients (6 per cent) respectively, with two hospital deaths (3 per cent) in the PJ group, but these complications did not occur after PG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This controlled clinical study supports the hypothesis that PG is safer than PJ, particularly with regard to the incidence of pancreatic fistula.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610 Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000601:surgery; D010185:Pancreatic Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D010193:Pancreaticojejunostomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome