title: Prognostic impact of trisomies of chromosomes 10, 17, and 5 among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and high hyperdiploidy (> 50 chromosomes).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and high hyperdiploidy (> 50 chromosomes) have improved outcome compared with other ALL patients. We sought to identify cytogenetic features that would predict differences in outcome within this low-risk subset of ALL patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-hyperdiploid ALL patients (N = 480) were enrolled between 1988 and 1995 on Children's Cancer Group (CCG) trials. Karyotypes were determined by conventional banding. Treatment outcome was analyzed by life-table methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with 54 to 58 chromosomes had better outcome than patients with 51 to 53 or 59 to 68 chromosomes (P = .0002). Patients with a trisomy of chromosome 10 (P<.0001), chromosome 17 (P = .0002), or chromosome 18 (P = .004) had significantly improved outcome compared with their counterparts who lacked the given trisomy. Patients with a trisomy of chromosome 5 had worse outcome than patients lacking this trisomy (P = .02). Patients with trisomies of both chromosomes 10 and 17 had better outcome than those with a trisomy of chromosome 10 (P = .09), a trisomy of chromosome 17 (P =.01), or neither trisomy (P<.0001). Multivariate analysis indicated that trisomy of chromosome 10 (P = .001) was the most significant prognostic factor for high-hyperdiploid patients, yet trisomy of chromosome 17 (P =.02) or chromosome 5 (P = .01) and modal chromosome number (P = .02) also had significant multivariate effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trisomy of chromosomes 10 and 17 as well as modal chromosome number 54 to 58 identify subgroups of patients with high-hyperdiploid ALL who have a better outcome than high-hyperdiploid patients who lack these cytogenetic features. Trisomy of chromosome 5 confers poorer outcome among high-hyperdiploid patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Hughes Institute, and Children's Cancer Group Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Biology Reference Laboratory, St. Paul. nheerema@ih.org
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Heerema
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sather
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Sensel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nachman
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Steinherz
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Bostrom
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Reaman
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Gaynon
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Uckun
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / Q000235:genetics*; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics*; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000235:genetics*; D004171:Diploidy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014314:Trisomy / Q000235:genetics*