Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism by ER Ca2+ release: an intimate connection.
New live-cell imaging techniques indicate that mitochondria exist in the living cell as a continuous interconnected mitochondrial reticulum, or 'MR', closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Ca2+ ions released from the ER in response to hormonal stimulation might thus be preferentially transferred into the mitochondrial matrix causing the local activation of ATP synthesis. Ca2+ uptake into the MR might also subtly modify the activity of ER Ca2+ release channels and thus the dynamics of cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations and waves.
Rutter
G A
GA
Dept of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK BS8 1TD. g.a.rutter@bris.ac.uk
Rizzuto
R
R
D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D017136:Ion Transport; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*
D002118:Calcium