title: Percentage of cancer on biopsy cores accurately predicts extracapsular extension and biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy for T1-T2 prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a multivariate analysis to investigate the usefulness of eight preoperative variables as predictors of final pathological stage (pT), positive surgical margins (PSM) and biological progression after radical prostatectomy (RP).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 143 patients undergoing RP for T1-T2 prostate cancer, the respective values of age, clinical stage, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), number of positive biopsies (NPB), Gleason score, length of tissue core invaded by cancer (LTI) and topography (uni/bilaterality) of positive biopsies for predicting extracapsular extension, PSM and biochemical failure (PSA> or =0.05 ng/ml) were evaluated retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to define the statistical significance of each variable. Actuarial survival without biological progression was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this series, 44.8% of patients had extracapsular extension with 41.3% PSM. The mean PSA was 12.4 ng/ml. In univariate analysis, LTI (p<0.0001), NPB (p = 0.0023), PSA (p = 0.0039) and Gleason score (p = 0.0136) were the most powerful variables to predict pT stage; however, in logistic regression analysis, LTI was the most predictive feature. For prediction of PSM, some variables (LTI, NPB and PSA) were found to be of statistical value in univariate analysis, and LTI in combination with NPB and PSA in multivariate analysis. For biological progression, statistical analysis (log rank test) showed PSAD and LTI to be significant predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pathological report regarding the biopsy contains crucial information influencing the prediction of pT stage, PSM and biological progression after RP. LTI, NPB and PSA are the most useful parameters for this purpose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France. vincent.ravery@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ravery
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chastang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toublanc
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boccon-Gibod
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delmas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boccon-Gibod
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen