Structure and biological activities of eumenine mastoparan-AF (EMP-AF), a new mast cell degranulating peptide in the venom of the solitary wasp (Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado).
A new mast cell degranulating peptide, eumenine mastoparan-AF (EMP-AF), was isolated from the venom of the solitary wasp Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado, the most common eumenine wasp found in Japan. The structure was analyzed by FAB-MS/MS together with Edman degradation, which was corroborated by solid-phase synthesis. The sequence of EMP-AF, Ile-Asn-Leu-Leu-Lys-Ile-Ala-Lys-Gly-Ile-Ile-Lys-Ser-Leu-NH(2), was similar to that of mastoparan, a mast cell degranulating peptide from a hornet venom; tetradecapeptide with C-terminus amidated and rich in hydrophobic and basic amino acids. In fact, EMP-AF exhibited similar activity to mastoparan in stimulating degranulation from rat peritoneal mast cells and RBL-2H3 cells. It also showed significant hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes. Therefore, this is the first example that a mast cell degranulating peptide is found in the solitary wasp venom. Besides the degranulation and hemolytic activity, EMP-AF also affects on neuromuscular transmission in the lobster walking leg preparation. Three analogs EMP-AF-1 approximately 3 were snythesized and biologically tested together with EMP-AF, resulting in the importance of the C-terminal amide structure for biological activities.
Konno
K
K
Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil. kk-gon@rc.unesp.br
Hisada
M
M
Naoki
H
H
Itagaki
Y
Y
Kawai
N
N
Miwa
A
A
Yasuhara
T
T
Morimoto
Y
Y
Nakata
Y
Y
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008121:Nephropidae; D011487:Protein Conformation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014862:Wasp Venoms; C412288:eumenine mastoparan-AF