title: DMBA-induced mammary pathologies are angiogenic in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: We have previously shown that human pre-invasive diseases of the breast are angiogenic. In addition, normal epithelium from women with coincident or subsequent invasive breast cancer is more vascular than normal epithelium from women with no breast cancer. To develop a model in which to study the regulation of angiogenesis in pre-invasive mammary pathologies, we examined 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tissues for the presence of neovascularization in pre-invasive histopathologies. These studies included morphometric analysis of tissue vascularity in pre-invasive lesions. In addition, we isolated fresh tumors and histologically normal epithelium (organoids) from DMBA or vehicle-treated control rats to test their ability to induce endothelial cell tubule formation in vitro. Finally, we examined tumors for their ability to produce vascular endothelial cell growth factor. The morphometric studies documented that with epithelial progression, the ability of individual cells to elicit angiogenesis increases. The in vitro studies showed that isolated tumors from these animals stimulate angiogenesis. Furthermore, normal epithelium from DMBA-treated rats is more angiogenic than epithelium from control animals. Finally, DMBA-induced tumors produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA, therefore, DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis is one model in which to test the dependency of progression on angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0529, USA. sue.heffelfinger@uc.edu
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Heffelfinger
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gear
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: LaDow
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Warshawsky
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene