[Heat exchange between human body and environment (theoretical bases of physiological measurement and evaluation)].
In the first part of this report the theory of the heat exchange between human body and external environment is developed. In particular, the problems concerning energy expenditure and heat production [metabolic heat] during physical activity, the heat exchange between internal organs and body surface, and its elimination are considered. Proposal of heat exchange equations (in case of conduction, convection, evaporation, radiation transport) are made, and the involved parameters and constants are indicated. Some pages are devoted to heat exchange through the lung and to "perspiratio insensibilis". In the second part the problems concerning the wellbeing and the thermal discomfort are discussed. A description of some widely employed indices of thermal stress, strain and comfort concludes the report [P4SR index, HSI index, ITS index, TTL index, HR index, WBGT index, TE indices]. In the end, the Fanger equations of thermal comfort are presented and discussed.
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Fondazione S. Maugeri, Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Istituto di Pavia.
D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D018481:Convection; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D012119:Respiration; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000209:etiology; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible