title: The role of fractalkine in the recruitment of monocytes to the endothelium.
abstract: Recombinant fractalkine possesses both chemoattractive and adhesive properties in vitro. Previous studies have demonstrated an upregulation of this molecule on the membranes of activated human endothelial cells and hypothesised that fractalkine plays a role in the recruitment and adherence of monocytes to the activated endothelium. Here we present data analysing both the adhesive and chemoattractive properties of this chemokine expressed by activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We demonstrate that both recombinant fractalkine and endogenously produced fractalkine function as adhesion molecules, tethering monocytes to the endothelium. However, our data demonstrate that although recombinant fractalkine has the potential to function as a potent monocyte chemoattractant, the endogenous fractalkine cleaved from activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells is not responsible for the observed chemotaxis in this model. Instead, we show that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), secreted from the activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells, is responsible for the chemotaxis of these monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Coldharbour Road, Harlow, Essex, UK.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Moores
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gohil
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Berkhout
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Macphee
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000502:physiology; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C515538:CX3CL1 protein, human; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha