title: The nurse cystoscopist: a feasible option?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the accuracy achieved by a trained urology nurse practitioner (UNP) and consultant urologist in detecting bladder tumours during flexible cystoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-three patients underwent flexible cystoscopy by both the UNP and consultant urologist, each unaware of the other's findings. Before comparing the findings, each declared whether there was tumour or any suspicious lesion requiring biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 83 patients examined by flexible cystoscopy, 26 were found to have a tumour or a suspicious lesion. One tumour was missed by the UNP and one by the urologist; each tumour was minute. Analysis using the chance-corrected proportional agreement (Kappa) was 0.94, indicating very close agreement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A UNP can be trained to perform cystoscopy and detect suspicious lesions as accurately as can a consultant urologist. Legal and training issues in implementation are important.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology, Ashford & St Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Ashford Hospital, Middlesex and St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gidlow
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Laniado
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014572:Urology / Q000193:education / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence