title: Two instances of central nervous system toxicity in the same patient following repeated ropivacaine-induced brachial plexus block.
abstract: We describe two instances of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity in the same patient following repeated brachial plexus blocks induced by high doses of ropivacaine (6 mg x kg(-1) and 4.5 mg x kg(-1), respectively). Although very high total and free plasma concentrations of ropivacaine were found up to 98 min after induction of the blocks, no signs of cardiovascular toxicity apart from hypertension and sinus tachycardia were observed. The measured plasma concentrations are the highest so far reported in the literature. We conclude that this case demonstrates the high cardiovascular safety level of ropivacaine. These high doses, however, resulted in severe toxic CNS symptoms. Therefore, it is stressed that the dose in relation to the weight of the patient must be calculated when administering a large volume of local anesthetic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Finland. tak@cc.oulu.fi
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Ala-Kokko
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Löppönen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alahuhta
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000577:Amides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077212:Ropivacaine
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine