title: Differential survival related to smoking among patients with renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: We examined the relation between tobacco smoking and survival among renal cell carcinoma cases, using information from a population-based cancer registry. Current smokers were at increased risk of death compared with non-smokers (hazard ratio (HR) 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2-2.5). The association was strongest within 6 months of diagnosis (HR 2.5, 95% CI = 1.5-4.3). Most of the association was explained by stage at diagnosis, with current smokers more likely (OR 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4-3.5) to have distant disease. Case-control studies may be biased if cases who do not participate owing to short survival have different smoking histories than participating cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Farrow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012907:Smoking; D016019:Survival Analysis