title: The urine/plasma electrolyte ratio: a predictive guide to water restriction.
abstract: Patients with hypotonic hyponatremia are encountered commonly in the general practice of medicine. Nearly all strategies for the management of subacute or chronic hyponatremia call for some amount of water restriction. The considerations for such a prescription have not been addressed in the literature. We describe therefore a simple approach grounded in the physiology of electrolyte-free water clearance that can be used at the bedside.
authors.affiliation: Penn Center for Molecular Studies of Kidney Diseases, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furst
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hallows
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kotzker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldfarb
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Ziyadeh
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Neilson
mesh_terms: D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014869:Water Intoxication / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D014867:Water