title: Acoustic analysis after radiotherapy in T1 vocal cord carcinoma: a new approach to the analysis of voice quality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study of acoustic voice parameters (fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and harmonics-to-noise ratio) in extended vowel production, oral reading of a standard paragraph, spontaneous speech and a song in irradiated patients for Tis-T1 vocal cord carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen male patients irradiated for Tis-T1 vocal cord carcinoma and a control group of 31 nonirradiated subjects of the same age were included in a study of acoustic voice analysis. The control group had been rigorously selected for voice quality and the irradiated group had previous history of smoking in two-thirds of the cases and a vocal cord biopsy. Radiotherapy patients were treated with a 6MV Linac receiving a total dose of 66 Gy, 2 Gy/day, with median treatment areas of 28 cm(2). Acoustic voice analysis was performed 1 year after radiotherapy, the voice of patients in extended vowel production, oral reading of a standard paragraph, spontaneous speech, and in a song was tape registered and analyzed by a Kay Elemetric's Computerized Speech Lab (model CSL# 4300). Fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and harmonics-to-noise ratio were obtained in each case. Mann Whitney analysis was used for statistical tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The irradiated group presented higher values of fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. Mann-Whitney analysis showed significant differences for fundamental frequency and jitter in vowel production, oral reading, spontaneous speech, and song. Shimmer only showed differences in vowel production and harmonics-to-noise ratio in oral reading and song.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study only fundamental frequency and jitter showed significant increased values to the control group in all the acoustic situations. Sustained vowel production showed the worst values of the acoustic parameters in comparison with the other acoustic situations. This study seems to suggest that more work should be done in this field.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic i Universitari, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. aroviro@medicina.ub.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovirosa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Celdrán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ascaso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abellana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arenas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Reyes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Traserra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biete
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000528:radiation effects; D014833:Voice Quality / Q000528:radiation effects