title: Manganese intoxication.
abstract: Manganese plays an important role as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions in humans but in excess amounts can cause irreversible nervous system damage. Although manganism is a rare condition, it can be the cause of complex nervous system symptoms, especially in the setting of environmental exposure. Specifically, manganese is a well-known cause of dystonic parkinsonism. This article highlights several historical descriptions of the clinical manifestations, pathological changes, and attempted therapeutic intervention in manganese intoxication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020149:Manganese Poisoning / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000209:etiology / Q000266:history