title: Cyclic ADP-ribose.
abstract: The Ca2+-mobilizing natural compound cyclic ADP-ribose was discovered in sea urchin egg homogenates. Recently the involvement of cyclic ADP-ribose in Ca2+ signaling has been demonstrated in diverse biological systems spanning protozoa, plants, and cells from invertebrate, mammalian, and human sources. ADP-ribosyl cyclases synthesize cyclic ADP-ribose. Several candidate proteins for these enzymes have been proposed, including membrane-bound NAD+ glycohydrolases such as CD38 and soluble enzyme activities from various tissues and cells. Ca2+ mobilization by cyclic ADP-ribose is believed to proceed via the ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ channel, probably via binding proteins for cyclic ADP-ribose. Several antagonistic derivatives of cyclic ADP-ribose have been synthesized, some of which have been successfully used to demonstrate the involvement of cyclic ADP-ribose in sea urchin egg fertilization, glucose-dependent insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells, and activation and proliferation of human T-lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Cellular Signal Transduction, Germany. guse@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Guse
mesh_terms: D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000502:physiology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012617:Sea Urchins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D002118:Calcium