title: Simultaneous determination of levodopa, carbidopa and their metabolites in human plasma and urine samples using LC-EC.
abstract: In this study levodopa (L-DOPA), carbidopa (C-DOPA) and their metabolites were resolved from other endogenous components present in human plasma and urine and determined quantitatively. The developed technique involved the use of a second pump, a switching valve, and a pre-column in the LC system in order to perform on-line sample clean-up and enrichment. This procedure is dependent on an effective removal of the many interfering matrix components that vitiate HPLC analysis. Several unknown endogenous electroactive compounds, present in plasma, were eliminated by the purification step, or suppressed by the pre-treatment or detection conditions. The analyses were separated on an Octyl-bonded reversed-phase column followed by amperometric detection using a carbon fibre microelectrode flow cell operated at +0.8 V versus silver/silver phosphate reference electrode. The cell was compatible with the mobile and the stationary phase used in the flow system without any complex surface reaction. The peak currents obtained for the different analytes were directly proportional to the analyse over the concentration range 0.02-4.0 microg ml(-1). Using this method, the minimum detectable concentration was estimated to be 5 and 8 ng ml(-1) for L-DOPA and C-DOPA, respectively. Recovery studies performed on human plasma samples ranged from 93.83 to 89.76%, with a relative standard deviation of < 6%. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were < 7%. The accuracy of the assay, which was defined as the percentage difference between the mean concentration found and the theoretical (true) concentration, was 12% or better. The electrochemical pre-treatment regime described in this work permitted a longer application of the same microelectrode. The method showed a good agreement with other available methods described in the introduction and offers the advantages of being simple, less time and labour consuming, does not require additional solvents for extraction, inexpensive and suitable for routine analysis and kinetic purposes.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, Biomedical and Environmental Sensor Technology Centre, Dublin City University, Ireland.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sagar
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Smyth
mesh_terms: D002230:Carbidopa / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D002230:Carbidopa