title: Relationship of visual motor development and academic performance of young children in Hong Kong assessed on the Bender-Gestalt test.
abstract: This study compared the Qualitative Scoring System for the Modified Version of the Bender-Gestalt test and the Developmental Scoring System for the Bender-Gestalt test in predicting performance on the Standardized Attainment Test of young children in Hong Kong. The study was done in two phases. First, 748 middle class children ages 4 to 8 years from 6 kindergartens and 6 primary schools were given the Bender-Gestalt test individually in kindergarten and in groups for older children, respectively. Both scoring systems were used to measure the children's visual motor development. Second, among the participants' protocols, 257 Primary 1 to Primary 3 children ages 6 to 8 years were selected to compare the Qualitative Scoring System for the 6 designs of the Modified Version of the Bender-Gestalt test and the Developmental Scoring System for the 9 designs of the Bender-Gestalt test in predicting performance on the Standardized Attainment Test. Results indicated that the Qualitative Scoring System differentiates better than the Developmental Scoring System in evaluating visual-motor development among young Chinese children from Hong Kong. Results also indicated that the Qualitative Scoring System correlated significantly with achievement in Chinese and English at all three levels. Scores on the Developmental Scoring System correlated significantly with only marks for Primary 1 and Primary 2 Chinese.
authors.affiliation: School of Early Childhood Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, New Territories, Hong Kong. powchan@ied.edu.hk
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D001538:Bender-Gestalt Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results