title: The prevalence of recurrent abdominal pain in 11- to 16-year-old Malaysian schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) among Malaysian school children aged from 11 to 16 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A preliminary cross-sectional survey in which three urban schools and three rural schools were selected randomly. Two classes were selected randomly from each year. A questionnaire was given to each child asking him or her about whether they had experienced abdominal pain occurring at least three times over a period of at least 3 months, interfering with normal daily activity. 1 Interfering with normal daily activity was defined as missing school and/or having to stop doing a routine daily activity on account of the pain. Girls whose pains were related to periods were excluded. After the forms had been completed, each child was again interviewed to ensure that Apley's criteria1 was fulfilled in cases of RAP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of RAP among 1549 schoolchildren (764 boys; 785 girls) was 10.2% (95% confidence interval (CI), 8.8-11.8). There appeared to be a higher prevalence in rural schoolchildren (P = 0.008; odds ratio (OR) 1.58), in those with a lower family income (P < 0.001; OR 2.02) and in children whose fathers have a lower educational attainment (P = 0.002; OR 1. 92). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of RAP among children of different sex, age, ethnic group and family size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  : In spite of differences in time and culture, the overall prevalence of 10.2% found in this study is similar to that determined by Apley.1 There are significant differences in the prevalence of RAP between children from rural and urban schools, among children with different family incomes and among children whose parents have different educational backgrounds.
authors.affiliation: University of Malaya Medical Centre, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boey
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires