title: Cardiovascular evidence for an intermediate or higher metabolic rate in an ornithischian dinosaur.
abstract: Computerized tomography scans of a ferruginous concretion within the chest region of an ornithischian dinosaur reveal structures that are suggestive of a four-chambered heart and a single systemic aorta. The apparently derived condition of the cardiovascular system in turn suggests the existence of intermediate-to-high metabolic rates among dinosaurs.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Facility, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. PaulvFisher@ncsu.edu
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Stoskopf
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Barrick
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kuzmitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001717:Birds / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D005580:Fossils; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D008903:Minerals; D010163:Paleontology; D012104:Reptiles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D058085:Iron Compounds; D008903:Minerals; C094886:goethite