title: GFAT as a target molecule of methylmercury toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Using a genomic library constructed from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have identified a gene GFA1 that confers resistance to methylmercury toxicity. GFA1 encodes L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) and catalyzes synthesis of glucosamine-6-phosphate. Transformed yeast cells expressing GFA1 demonstrated resistance to methylmercury but no resistance to p-chloromercuribenzoate, a GFAT inhibitor. The cytotoxicity of methylmercury was inhibited by loading excess glucosamine 6-phosphate into yeast. Considering that GFAT is an essential cellular enzyme, our findings suggest that GFAT is the major target molecule of methylmercury in yeasts. This report is the first to identify the target molecule of methylmercury toxicity in eukaryotic cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan. naganuma@mail.pharm.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naganuma
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mishina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosoya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyairi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuge
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D008767:Methylmercury Compounds; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase