title: Chronic arginine aspartate supplementation in runners reduces total plasma amino acid level at rest and during a marathon run.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Athletes consume arginine and/or aspartate as potential nutritional ergogenics. Their metabolic effects are controversial and there is some evidence that ingestion of large doses of single amino acids can adversely affect the nitrogen balance or induce an amino acid imbalance. Nevertheless, the general metabolic influence of an arginine aspartate supplementation during a prolonged exercise bout has not yet been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the general metabolic impact of a chronic supplementation with arginine aspartate in endurance-trained athletes at rest and during a marathon run.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen endurance-trained runners participated in this field study which was carried out according to a double-blind crossover design. 15 g of arginine aspartate or a carbohydrate-based placebo were supplemented daily for 14 days before a marathon run. Blood samples for analysis of metabolites and hormones were collected shortly before the run, after 31 km, at the end of the run, and after a recovery period of two hours. Additionally, the respiratory exchange ratio was determined during the run.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma level of carbohydrate (glucose, lactate, pyruvate) and fat metabolites (fatty acids, glycerol, beta-hydroxybutyrate), cortisol, insulin, ammonia, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase as well as the respiratory exchange ratio were unaffected by the supplementation. In contrast, the plasma level of somatotropic hormone, glucagon, urea, and arginine were significantly increased, and the level of most of the remaining plasma amino acids as well as their sum was significantly reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no obvious metabolic benefit derived from the chronic supplementation with arginine aspartate. And since furthermore the consequences of a reduction of the total plasma amino acid level are not known, the practice of using single amino acid supplements as potential ergogenics should be critically reevaluated.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich. paolo.colombani@inw.agrl.ethz.ch
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Colombani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bitzi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frey-Rindova
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Langhans
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wenk
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009952:Ornithine / Q000097:blood; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea; D005934:Glucagon; D001120:Arginine; D009952:Ornithine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; C024891:arginine aspartate; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone