title: Immunohistochemical localization and distribution of VIP/PACAP receptors in human lung.
abstract: VIP and PACAP are distributed in nerve fibers throughout the respiratory tract acting as potent bronchodilators and secretory agents. By using RT-PCR and immunoblotting techniques, we have previously shown the expression of common VIP/PACAP (VPAC(1) and VPAC(2)) and specific PACAP (PAC(1)) receptors in human lung. Here we extend our aims to investigate by immunohistochemistry their localization and distribution at this level. A clear immunopositive reaction was obtained in human lung sections by using either anti-VPAC(1) or -VPAC(2) receptor antibodies but not with anti-PAC(1) receptor antibody. However, PAC(1) receptor (and VPAC(1) and VPAC(2) receptors) could be identified in lung membranes by immunoblotting which supports that the PAC(1) receptor is expressed at a low density. Both VPAC(1) and VPAC(2) receptors showed similar immunohistochemical patterns appearing in smooth muscle cells in the wall of blood vessels and in white blood cells (mainly in areas with inflammatory responses). The results agree with previous evidence on the importance of both peptides in the immune system and support their anti-inflammatory and protective roles in lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alcalá University, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Busto
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodega
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zapatero
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Carrero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D051236:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D011979:Receptors, Pituitary Hormone / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051239:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D051236:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D011979:Receptors, Pituitary Hormone; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D051239:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II; C495509:VIPR2 protein, human