title: Multiple-dose efficacy and safety of an extended-release form of niacin in the management of hyperlipidemia.
abstract: This multicenter trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of escalating doses of Niaspan (niacin extended-release tablets) and placebo (administered once-a-day at bedtime) in patients with primary hyperlipidemia on the percent change from baseline in levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. Extended-release niacin was initiated at a dose of 375 mg/day, raised to 500 mg/day, and further increased in 500-mg increments at 4-week intervals to a maximum of 3,000 mg/day. A total of 131 patients (n = 87, extended-release niacin; n = 44, placebo) were treated for 25 weeks with study medication after a 6-week diet lead-in/drug washout phase and 2-week baseline LDL cholesterol stability phase. Significant decreases from baseline in levels of LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B became apparent with the 500-mg/day dose and were consistent at all subsequent doses (p < or =0. 05), reaching 21% and 20%, respectively, at the 3,000-mg/day dose. Significant increases from baseline in levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol became apparent with the 500-mg/day dose and were consistent at all subsequent doses (p < or = 0.05), reaching 30% at the 3,000-mg dose. Significant decreases from baseline in triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) occurred at the 1,000-mg dose and were apparent at all subsequent doses (p < or =0.05), reaching 44% and 26%, respectively, at the 3,000-mg dose. The most common adverse events were flushing and gastrointestinal disturbance. Transaminase increases were relatively small, and the proportion of patients who developed liver function abnormalities on extended-release niacin was not significantly different from placebo. Thus, extended-release niacin was generally well tolerated and demonstrated a dose-related ability to alter favorably most elements of the lipid profile.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Clinic, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alagona
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Capuzzi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guyton
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sachson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samuel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009525:Niacin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D009525:Niacin