title: Long-term results with hydroxylapatite middle ear implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated long-term results in patients who had ossicular reconstruction with a Goldenberg hydroxylapatite implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 233 patients underwent implantation; of these, 77 had 5-year or longer follow-up and are the subjects of this study of long-term hearing results. All 233 patients were included for analysis of extrusion rate and postoperative otorrhea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hearing success rate at long-term follow-up was 56.8%; the mean air-bone gap was 21.1 dB. Prosthesis extrusion occurred in 5.29% of the 233 patients, and visible slippage occurred in 7.7%. Overall, 50. 6% of patients met the criteria for successful hearing, which included no extrusion and a dry ear. Better hearing before surgery and presence of the malleus long process were factors associated with a successful hearing result, as was tympanoplasty alone and canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxylapatite hybrid prostheses provide stable hearing results over time with low extrusion and a dry ear overall.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Driver
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D019933:Ossicular Replacement; D011379:Prognosis; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite