title: Forced expiration: a test for airflow obstruction in horses.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess whether our method of inducing forced expiration detects small airway obstruction in horses. Parameters derived from forced expiratory flow-volume (FEFV) curves were compared with lung mechanics data obtained during spontaneous breathing in nine healthy horses, in three after histamine challenge, and in two with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pre- and posttherapy with prednisone. Parameters measured in the healthy horses included forced vital capacity (FVC = 41.6 +/- 5.8 liters; means +/- SD) and forced expiratory flow (FEF) at various percentages of FVC (range of 20.4-29.7 l/s). Histamine challenge induced a dose-dependent decrease in FVC and FEF at low lung volume. After therapy, lung function of the two COPD horses improved to a point where one horse had normal lung mechanics during tidal breathing; however, FEF at 95% of FVC (4.9 l/s) was still decreased. We concluded that FEFV curve analysis allowed the detection of induced or naturally occurring airway obstruction.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA. llc@vet.purdue.edu
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Couëtil
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000503:physiopathology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D005540:Forced Expiratory Flow Rates; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006632:Histamine; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006736:Horses; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000662:veterinary*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012119:Respiration; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000295:instrumentation; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D014797:Vital Capacity
chemical_list: D006632:Histamine