Erythema nodosum in Israeli children.
BACKGROUND
Erythema nodosum, although uncommon in children, is the most frequent form of panniculitis in pediatrics. EN has been associated with various infections and chronic inflammations, and its course varies with age, gender, and racial and geographic factors. There is no information on EN in Israeli children.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the clinical course of EN and the conditions with which it is associated in Israeli children.


METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of 24 children with a diagnosis of EN who presented at our Center over a 10 year period (1989-98).


RESULTS
EN was more frequent in females than males (ratio 2:1) due to a cluster of adolescent girls. The mean duration of the skin manifestation was 18 days. The course was benign in all patients. Streptococcal infection was the most common cause (25%), followed by Epstein-Barr virus infection (18%) and inflammatory bowel disease (13%). In one-third of cases, no specific cause could be identified. Tuberculosis, an important cause of EN in the past, was not found in our patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Most cases of EN in Israeli children are related to streptococcal and EBV infections or to chronic inflammatory conditions. Despite the increase in tuberculosis morbidity in Israel during recent years, we found no association of EN and tuberculosis in our study.
Garty
B Z
BZ
Department of Pediatrics B, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel. garty10@zahav.net.il
Poznanski
O
O
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004893:Erythema Nodosum / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications