title: Effects of lithium on platelet membrane phosphoinositides in bipolar disorder patients: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that the intracellular phosphatidylinositol (PI) pathway is an important target for the effects of lithium.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a preliminary study to examine the in vivo effects of lithium treatment on platelet membrane phosphoinositides in bipolar disorder subjects, in an attempt to examine further the hypothesis that lithium has significant in vivo effects on the PI pathway in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We quantitated PI, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP), and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) in platelet membranes of seven subjects (five male, two female; mean age= 27.9+/-5.7 years), initially while they were unmedicated, and a second time after at least 21 days of lithium treatment (mean+/-SD=28.7+/-7.1 days).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean+/-SD values for PI were 5.63+/-2.25% and 5.21+/-1.06%; for PIP 0.68+/-0.20% and 0.55+/-0.11%; and for PIP2 0.60+/-0.21% and 0.38+/-0.15%, before and after lithium treatment, respectively. The decrease in PIP2 values after lithium treatment was statistically significant (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, Z=-2.37, P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This longitudinal study suggests that therapeutic doses of lithium significantly decrease platelet membrane PIP2 levels in vivo in bipolar disorder subjects, which may be related to lithium's mechanism of action in bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. soares+@pitt.edu
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mallinger
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dippold
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Forster Wells
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kupfer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C037178:phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate; D008094:Lithium