Multifunctional neuron CC6 in Aplysia exerts actions opposite to those of multifunctional neuron CC5.
The controls of somatic and autonomic functions often appear to be organized into antagonistic systems. This issue was explored in the bilaterally paired C cluster neuron, CC6, which was found to have properties that suggested that it might function antagonistically to the previously identified multiaction neuron, CC5. Similar to CC5, CC6 is an interganglionic neuron that sends its sole axon to the ipsilateral and contralateral pedal and pleural ganglia. Synaptic inputs to CC6 were opposite to those of CC5. For example, CC6 receives inhibitory inputs from mechanical touch to the lips and tentacles and is excited by firing of C-PR, a neuron involved in the control of a head extension response. Also during rhythmic buccal mass movements CC6 receives synaptic inputs that are out of phase with those received by CC5. CC6 is inhibited during a fictive locomotor program, whereas CC5 is excited, but unlike CC5, the inputs to CC6 are not rhythmic. CC6 has extensive mono- and polysynaptic outputs to many identified and unidentified neurons located in various central ganglia. Firing of CC6 evoked ipsilateral contraction of the transverse muscles of the neck, whereas CC5 contracts longitudinal neck muscles. CC6 monosynaptically inhibits the pedal artery shortener neuron, whereas CC5 monosynaptically excites the pedal artery shortener neuron. Specific motor neurons in the pedal ganglion receive synaptic inputs of opposite sign from CC5 and CC6. Although the inputs and most of the effects of CC6 were opposite to those of CC5, both cells were found to produce polysynaptic excitation of the abdominal ganglion neuron RBhe, a cell whose activity excites the heart. CC5 and CC6 appear to be multifunctional neurons that form an antagonist pair.
Xin
Y
Y
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA.
Weiss
K R
KR
Kupfermann
I
I
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001048:Aplysia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology