title: [Is homocysteine a risk factor for coronary heart disease in patients with terminal renal failure?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in chronic uremic patients. We studied whether homocysteine is an independent cardiovascular risk factor for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 163 patients and controls (Group 1: healthy controls, n = 20; Group 2: patients with chronic renal failure, serum creatinine < or = 4 mg/dl, n = 23; Group 3: patients with ESRD, n = 91; Group 4: renal transplant recipients, serum creatinine < or = 2.5 mg/dl, n = 29). We registered patients for the following factors: age, diabetes, smoking, lipids, vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. The coronary heart disease was diagnosed by coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cardiovascular risk profile (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, hyperlipidemia) among uremic patients was significantly increased compared to the healthy controls. There was a significant correlation between the impairment of renal function and the increase of the homocysteine concentration (Group 1: 12 +/- 4.3 mumol/l vs Group 3: 27.8 +/- 15.8 mumol/l; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference of homocysteine between the patients with coronary heart disease and those without (29.9 +/- 18.1 mumol/l vs 26.6 +/- 14.4 mumol/l, not significant).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study a significant correlation between the number of cardiovascular risk factors and the incidence of cardiovascular disease was proven. Although homocysteine was increased among patients with impaired renal function, hyperhomocysteinemia could not be identified as a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease in patients with ESRD. It is assumable that the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease in patients with ESRD is of multifactorial origin.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Nephrologie und Rheumatologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klusmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ivens
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schadewaldt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grabensee
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heering
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors