title: Estriol (E3) replacement improves endothelial function and bone mineral density in very elderly women.
abstract: We investigated the effects of estriol (E3) on endothelial function and bone mineral density (BMD) in very elderly women. Twenty-four very elderly women (80 +/- 3.5 years old) were administered CaCl2 with or without estriol treatment (2 mg/day) for 30 weeks (hormone replacement treatment [HRT] group vs control group). Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), endothelium-independent dilatation by nitroglycerin of the brachial artery, and BMD were assessed. Levels of plasma lipids and apoproteins were not changed; however, both plasma E3 and E2 were substantially increased (E2, 4.6 to 31.3 +/- 8.1; E3, <5 to 45.3 +/- 7.9 pg/mL) by HRT. The FMD value was also increased by HRT, as were the plasma nitrite/nitrate and cGMP values. The response to nitroglycerin was not changed. The BMD was increased by HRT, but decreased in the control group. There were significant differences between the HRT group and control group after 30 weeks' treatment in the levels of osteocalcin, P1CP, and urinary deoxypiridinoridine. E3 significantly improved BMD by inhibiting bone resorption. Endothelial function was improved in line with the antiatherosclerotic effects. E3 might be effective for use in HRT in elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan. hayashi@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iguchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000175:diagnosis; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D004964:Estriol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D008055:Lipids; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D004964:Estriol; D005996:Nitroglycerin