title: Insulin secretion and sensitivity after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation estimated by continuous infusion of glucose with model assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Monitoring of insulin secretion and sensitivity after pancreas transplantation remains a practical problem.
  
  
  METHODS
  We introduced the simple structural model, continuous infusion of glucose with model assessment (CIGMA), to obtain insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity estimations after 35 successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantations. Eighteen non-diabetic kidney transplant recipients were used as control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline characteristics were equal between the two groups except for higher fasting insulin levels in the pancreas transplant group. After the 1-hr CIGMA glucose load, the pancreas transplant group reached a mean +/- SD blood glucose of 8.2+/-1.7 mmol/L compared with 7.3+/-1.0 mmol/L in the control group (P = 0.05). Concurrent stimulated insulin and C-peptide levels were 48+/-28 mU/L and 2.3+/-0.9 nmol/L in the pancreas transplant group compared with 36+/-21 mU/L and 2.9+/-1.1 nmol/L in the control group (P = 0.1 and P = 0.03, respectively). Both the CIGMA estimation for secretion as well as the CIGMA estimation for sensitivity were lower in pancreas transplant group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.01, respectively). Mean +/- SE coefficients of variation for the model estimations were 15+/-4% for secretion and 17+/-6% for sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that CIGMA can be used clinically to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism in pancreas-kidney transplant recipients. These patients have a reduction in insulin secretory capacity and evidence of more insulin resistance than non-diabetic kidney transplant recipients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. smets@xs4all.nl
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Smets
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van der Pijl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frölich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ringers
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: de Fijter
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lemkes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D012996:Solutions; D005947:Glucose