title: Glucose-based oligosaccharides exhibit different in vitro fermentation patterns and affect in vivo apparent nutrient digestibility and microbial populations in dogs.
abstract: To evaluate the potential of indigestible oligosaccharides (OS) to serve as "dietary fiber-like" ingredients, it is necessary to determine their extent of indigestibility. In vitro fermentation characteristics of two novel OS, alpha-glucooligosaccharides (GOS) and a maltodextrin-like OS (MD), were compared to those of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), gum arabic (GA), guar gum (GG) and guar hydrolysate (GH). Total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (micromol/g dry matter) as a result of MD fermentation was higher initially compared with GA (P<0.01), but GA was more extensively fermented at 24 h (P<0.01). Total SCFA production for GOS was similar to that for FOS, GG, GH and GA. In the second experiment, GOS and MD were added at 6% to an enteral formula control diet (Control) and fed to ileal-cannulated dogs in a 3x3 replicated Latin-square design. Ileal digestibility of glucose was lower (P<0.05) and carbohydrate (CHO) numerically lower (P = 0.08) for both GOS and MD compared with the Control. Total tract digestibility of CHO and glucose was lower only for MD (P<0.01) compared with the Control. Total fecal weights were higher (P<0.01) for both GOS and MD treatments. Fecal concentration of bifidobacteria was numerically increased by GOS and MD supplementation (P = 0.13 and 0.23, respectively). Thus, GOS and MD are indigestible yet fermentable OS, and may act as "dietary fiber-like" ingredients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Garleb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Leyer
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fahey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004032:Diet; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D005947:Glucose