title: Increased risk of infection with Helicobacter pylori in spouses of infected subjects: observations in a general population sample from the UK.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate risk factors for infection with Helicobacter pylori in a general population sample who accepted an invitation to be screened. In particular, to determine whether being the spouse of an infected subject is an independent risk factor for infection after adjustment for other risks.
  
  
  METHODS
  A serological screening test for Helicobacter pylori was offered to 4015 randomly selected subjects registered at a single general practice in Market Harborough, UK. Those invited were also asked to complete a questionnaire if attending for screening; this included information relating to possible risk factors for infection. Results were analyzed in the overall sample of attenders and a subset of married couples, using univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete results were obtained for 1431 (36%) subjects. Age, childhood social class and household crowding in childhood were independent risk factors after adjustment for other variables. Positive status of spouse was an independent risk factor in a subset of 389 married couples (P = 0.005, Odds Ratio: 2.65, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.34-5.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study confirmed the correlation between childhood living conditions and infection with Helicobacter pylori. In the study population, having a Helicobacter pylori-positive spouse was associated with a significant increased risk of being infected.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Leicester General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mayberry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000635:transmission*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D018454:Spouses
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial