title: The effect of coronary vasospasm on the direction of ST-segment deviation in patients with both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and vasospastic angina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has been no report of ECG changes during anginal attacks in patients with coexistent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and vasospastic angina.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the change in ST-segment during anginal attacks in patients with coexistent HCM and vasospastic angina (the HCM group) in comparison with that of patients with vasospastic angina and no left ventricular hypertrophy (the non-HCM group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients in the HCM group, and 28 patients in the non-HCM group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The direction of ST segment shift, either ST-segment elevation or depression, on the ECGs recorded during vasospastic anginal attacks with severe vasoconstriction in the epicardial coronary artery after intracoronary injection of acetylcholine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age, male gender, and distribution of coronary arteries in which the vasospasm occurred were similar between the two groups. Collateral circulation to the affected arteries was absent in all the study patients. The prevalence of anginal attacks associated with ST-segment elevation was 2.7 times higher in the non-HCM group than in the HCM group (51. 5% [17 of 33 attacks] vs 18.8% [3 of 16 attacks], respectively; p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the HCM group, myocardial ischemia associated with a transmural injury pattern seen on the ECG, which is represented as ST-segment elevation, seldom develops during vasospastic anginal attacks because of marked left ventricular hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shigematsu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiwada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kazatani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine; D000368:Aged; D000788:Angina Pectoris, Variant / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000109:Acetylcholine