title: Gastric epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori causes gastritis and is strongly associated with gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. The bacterium is associated with an increased rate of epithelial proliferation, which can be reversed by eradication of the organism. The mechanism of this response is not known, but this epithelial proliferation is one of the risk factors for developing gastric carcinoma. Recently, apoptosis also was found to be increased in the gastric mucosa of persons carrying H. pylori.
  
  
  METHODS
  cagA-positive H. pylori isolated from a human gastric ulcer was inoculated into BALB/C mice. At 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 weeks, mice were injected with bromodeoxyuridine 5 mg/kg and killed 1 h later. Proliferation was analysed by histochemical staining for BrdU; apoptosis was examined by the TUNEL assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of BrdU-labelled cells in the antrum was significantly increased by H. pylori infection beginning 12 weeks after infection. The number of apoptotic cells in this tissue was increased significantly by 6 weeks after inoculation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proliferation observed in H. pylori infection may be a response to increased apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwayama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002455:Cell Division; D004285:Dogs; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000166:cytology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine