title: Costing depression and its management: an Australian study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the cost impact of referral to a Mood Disorders Unit (MDU), by comparing pre-service and post-service costs, and MDU and control samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied tertiary referral MDU patients and a control group of consultants' depressed patients, with the principal comparison intervals being: (i) 12 months prior to and (ii) 6 months following baseline assessment, with costs annualised to allow the impact of assessment and treatment recommendation to be determined. In addition, we assessed any 'personal cost' of depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following baseline assessment, MDU referrals showed a reduction in costs, while controls' costs increased, largely driven by contrasting directions in hospitalisation and social welfare costs. We identify variables associated with high and increased costs, including features of the earlier stages of the disorder, whether social welfare was received, diagnostic subtype and personality dysfunction, with multivariate analyses refining the variable sets. Self-report data indicated that patients judged the 'personal cost' of depression to exceed more formal cost parameters, so that to experience depression is itself depressogenic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This first Australian attempt to cost depression and its management in the clinical setting more provides a methodology for wider application in service evaluation studies rather than delivers an unequivocal answer to whether a specialist Mood Disorders Unit is cost efficient or not.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychiatry, The University of New South Wales, and Mood Disorders Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia. g.parker@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eyers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D003863:Depression / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000191:economics*; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000191:economics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires