title: Beneficial effects of increasing monounsaturated fat intake in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: This study aimed to increase the monounsaturated fat content in the diet of outpatient adolescents with type 1 diabetes and to examine the metabolic effects after 12 weeks. Twenty-three adolescents were randomly allocated to either a high monounsaturated fat diet or a control diet. Their mean age was 16.9 (S.D. 2.1) years and median HbA(1c) was 9.1% [IQR 7.9-10.4%]. Dietary targets were not reached judged by their 4-day food diaries. However, the whole study group had a significant increase in monounsaturated fat as indexed by red cell phospholipid fatty acids (RCFAs), with an increase of n-9 RCFAs from 14.9% [IQR: 14.5-21.7%] to 21.7% [IQR: 18.8-25.6%] (P=0.002). Changes in n-9 RCFAs were inversely related to changes in HbA(1c) (R(2)=0.26, P=0.02), such that a 10% increase in n-9 RCFAs corresponded to a 0.64% improvement (decrease) in HbA(1c). Changes in n-9 RCFAs were also inversely related to changes in plasma total cholesterol (R(2)=0.38, P=0.002) and plasma LDL cholesterol (R(2)=0. 21, P=0.03). These changes were not associated with changes in insulin dose, body weight or physical activity. Overall, the results demonstrate that a modest increase in the monounsaturated fat content of an adolescent diet has the potential to improve glycaemic control and lipid profile.
authors.affiliation: Ray Williams Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, PO Box 3515, Parramatta, NSW, Australia. kimd@nch.edu.au
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Donaghue
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pena
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Blades
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Storlien
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silink
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D010743:Phospholipids