title: Effects of midazolam on small bowel motility in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benzodiazepines are used as sedatives for some intestinal procedures and as hypnotics, and this is the reason for studying their effects on duodenojejunal motility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antroduodenojejunal manometry was performed in 13 healthy volunteers on two different occasions, when placebo or midazolam were given intravenously (randomized, double-blind). A bolus dose of midazolam 0.03 mg/kg was followed by 0.015 mg/kg after 1.5, 3 and 4.5 h. After 5 h observation of interdigestive motility, the volunteers were given a test meal and recording continued for another hour. Twenty-eight motility variables were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With midazolam the median motility index of phase III in the proximal duodenum was increased by 37% (P < 0.05), which was a consequence of both a longer duration (P < 0.01) and higher pressure amplitudes (P < 0.05), compared with placebo. A longer duration (9%) of phase III was also seen in the distal duodenum (P < 0.05). With midazolam the duration of the migrating motor complex was shortened by 27% (P < 0. 05). No statistically significant difference was found for the number of episodes of phase III registered (P=0.09), or for the other 22 motility variables compared including the duodenal retroperistalsis in late phase III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Midazolam does affect some aspects of duodenal motility, especially in the proximal part, but phase III-related retroperistalsis is not affected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. maria.castedal@medfak.gu.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castedal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Björnsson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abrahamsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam