Angiotensin-converting enzyme and apolipoproteins genes polymorphism in coronary artery disease.
BACKGROUND
Association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) as well as apolipoprotein (apo) AI, B, and E polymorphisms and dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial.


OBJECTIVE
This study assessed the distribution of ACE insertion/deletion, apo AI A/G mutation, apo B signal peptide insertion/deletion, apo B XbaI restriction fragment length, and apo E polymorphisms in 388 nondiabetic patients.


METHODS
The study population included 112 patients with stable CAD, 139 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 137 age-matched control subjects.


RESULTS
Univariate analysis showed higher prevalence of XbaI X+/X+ genotype in patients with CAD (p = 0.02). Angiotensin-converting enzyme and apo polymorphisms were not associated with lipid levels or severity of CAD. When all genotypes known to be related to CAD; such as ACE DD, apo AI GG, apo B del/del, and XbaI X+X+, and E4 allele of apo E, were pooled, again no significant differences among groups were seen. Multivariate regression analysis disclosed traditional risk factors and elevated levels of apo B for men and reduced levels of apo AI for women as independent variables for CAD.


CONCLUSIONS
In addition to traditional coronary risk factors, apo B and AI could be considered predictors of CAD. No association between either form of CAD and polymorphisms was noted.
Mansur
A P
AP
Heart Institute, Clinical Department, São Paulo University, SP, Brazil.
Annicchino-Bizzacchi
J
J
Favarato
D
D
Avakian
S D
SD
César
L A
LA
Ramires
J A
JA
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D001053:Apolipoproteins; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A