title: [Acute renal failure after amoxicillin crystallization].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug-induced nephrolithiasis is a rare finding, especially with beta-lactamins. We report a case of acute renal failure due to amoxicillin crystallization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 48 year-old woman was admitted because of pneumococcal meningitis. After 4 days on high-dose amoxicillin (320 mg/kg/day), she developed acute oliguric renal failure and amoxicillin crystallization was documented by infrared spectrometry. The outcome was favorable after amoxicillin dosage tapering, together with one single hemodialysis session and further hydratation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amoxicillin is mainly excreted in the urine in its unchanged form. The risk of crystalluria is increased by low urinary pH, low urine output and high-dose of the drug. Such a crystalluria should be accurately identified by infrared spectrometry.
authors.affiliation: Service de Réanimation polyvalente, Hôpital Intercommunal André Grégoire, Montreuil.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Boffa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: De Preneuf
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouadma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daudon
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pallot
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003460:Crystallization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010406:Penicillins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins; D000658:Amoxicillin