title: Production of organically bound selenium yeast by continuous fermentation.
abstract: This paper describes a protocol for incorporation of sodium selenite or sodium selenate into Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass by continuous fermentation in a medium with minimal sulfur and methionine concentrations. Selenium incorporation was followed by atomic absorption analysis and methylene blue reduction time (MBRT). Continuous fermentation at 0.2 h(-1) dilution rate and sodium selenite addition gradient up to 0.69 g/L of Na(2)SeO(3) yielded 1. 89 g/L of biomass with 1904 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass. However, MBRT was 0.1 min, which indicated that the majority of selenium was in the inorganic form. On the other hand, continuous fermentation at 0.2 h(-1) dilution rate and sodium selenate gradient up to 0.28 g/L of Na(2)SeO(4) yielded 0.76 g/L of dry biomass with 687 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass, and MBRT was 26 min, which indicated a high concentration of organically bound selenium. Overall, the results indicate a Se/S ratio of 3.9:1 and a dry biomass/Se ratio of 5.5:1 as optimal for continuous production of organically bound selenium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pometto
mesh_terms: D001152:Arsenicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D064586:Selenic Acid; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D018036:Selenium Compounds; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D064586:Selenic Acid