title: Urinary-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression and uPA receptor localization are regulated by alpha 3beta 1 integrin in oral keratinocytes.
abstract: Expression of urinary-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) is correlated with matrix proteolysis, cell adhesion, motility, and invasion. To evaluate the functional link between adhesion and proteolysis in gingival keratinocytes (pp126), cells were treated with immobilized integrin antibodies to induce integrin clustering. Clustering of alpha(3) and beta(1) integrin subunits, but not alpha(2), alpha(5), alpha(6), or beta(4), enhanced uPA secretion. Bead-immobilized laminin-5 and collagen I, two major alpha(3)beta(1) ligands, also induced uPA expression. Coordinate regulation of the serpin plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 was also apparent; however, a net increase in uPA activity was predominant. alpha(3)beta(1) integrin clustering induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, and both uPA induction and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation were blocked by the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor PD98059. Integrin aggregation also promoted a dramatic redistribution of uPAR on the cell surface to sites of clustered alpha(3)beta(1) integrins. Co-immunoprecipitation of beta(1) integrin with uPAR provided further evidence that protein-protein interactions between uPAR and beta(1) integrin control uPAR distribution. As a functional consequence of uPA up-regulation and uPA-mediated plasminogen activation, the globular domain of the laminin-5 alpha(3) subunit, a major pp126 matrix protein, was proteolytically processed from a 190-kDa form to a 160-kDa species. Laminin-5 containing the 160-kDa alpha(3) subunit efficiently nucleates hemidesmosome formation and reduces cell motility. Together, these data suggest that multivalent aggregation of the alpha(3)beta(1) integrin regulates proteinase expression, matrix proteolysis, and subsequent cellular behavior.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Cell & Molecular Biology and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ellerbroek
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Stack
mesh_terms: D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D039201:Integrin alpha3beta1; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D011230:Precancerous Conditions; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000097794:Kalinin
chemical_list: D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D039201:Integrin alpha3beta1; D016023:Integrins; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010958:Plasminogen; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D000097794:Kalinin; C524898:PLAUR protein, human; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one