title: Determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites in water using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
abstract: Analytical methods using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) were developed for the analysis of the following chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites in water: alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA); alachlor oxanilic acid; acetochlor ESA; acetochlor oxanilic acid; metolachlor ESA; and metolachlor oxanilic acid. Good precision and accuracy were demonstrated for both the HPLC-DAD and HPLC/MS methods in reagent water, surface water, and ground water. The average HPLC-DAD recoveries of the chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites from water samples spiked at 0.25, 0.5 and 2.0 microg/l ranged from 84 to 112%, with relative standard deviations of 18% or less. The average HPLC/MS recoveries of the metabolites from water samples spiked at 0.05, 0.2 and 2.0 microg/l ranged from 81 to 118%, with relative standard deviations of 20% or less. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for all metabolites using the HPLC-DAD method was 0.20 microg/l, whereas the LOQ using the HPLC/MS method was at 0.05 microg/l. These metabolite-determination methods are valuable for acquiring information about water quality and the fate and transport of the parent chloroacetanilide herbicides in water.
authors.affiliation: University of Kansas Center for Research, Lawrence 66045, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hostetler
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Thurman
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000476:Alkanesulfonates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010072:Oxamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014052:Toluidines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000476:Alkanesulfonates; D006540:Herbicides; D014052:Toluidines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C010758:oxanilic acid; C000188:alachlor; C002634:ethane sulfonate; C043377:acetochlor; D010072:Oxamic Acid; C051786:metolachlor