title: HIV-1 replication is inhibited by a pseudo-substrate peptide that blocks Tat transactivation.
abstract: The activation of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) by the viral transcriptional transactivator Tat is an essential step in the viral replication cycle. To increase the processivity of RNA polymerase II, Tat interacts with the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-activating kinase (CAK). In this study, we demonstrate that a pseudo-substrate peptide for CDK7, mC2p, inhibits HIV-1 replication as well as Tat transactivation. Specifically, mC2p blocks only the activity of CAK and not that of P-TEFb. Moreover, mC2p inhibits Tat transactivation and HIV replication. Therefore, the activation of CDK7 by Tat is considered a critical step of Tat transactivation and mC2p and related compounds represent potential candidates for novel anti-HIV therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Nagoya City University Medical School, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Cujec
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Peterlin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000502:physiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015696:Gene Products, tat; D010455:Peptides; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus