title: Oxygen and carbon dioxide regulation of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 production by Staphylococcus aureus MN8.
abstract: The production of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) by Staphylococcus aureus MN8 exposed to a range of oxygen concentrations (0 to 21% [vol/vol]) was examined in batch and thin-film cultures. The response of S. aureus to this range of oxygen concentrations was studied in the absence and in the presence of 7% (vol/vol) carbon dioxide. In the absence of carbon dioxide, TSST-1 production in batch cultures increased from negligible levels in the presence of oxygen concentrations of 1% or less to 500 ng/ml in the presence of 2% oxygen and then decreased to 70 ng/ml or less in the presence of oxygen concentrations of 6% and higher. In the presence of carbon dioxide, however, toxin production increased from negligible levels in the presence of 1% oxygen to 1,900 ng/ml in the presence of 21% oxygen. In thin-film cultures, TSST-1 production increased from nearly undetectable levels under anaerobic conditions to 1 and 10 microg/ml under 21% oxygen in the absence and presence of carbon dioxide, respectively. This study demonstrates the controlling effects of both oxygen and carbon dioxide on TSST-1 production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yarwood
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schlievert
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007700:Kinetics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018089:Superantigens
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen