title: Relationship among leptin, neuropeptide Y, and galanin in young women and in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether hormonal status may affect neuropeptide Y (NPY), galanin, and leptin release in postmenopausal women and in young women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight postmenopausal women aged 47-65 years and 35 young women aged 26-39 years were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma leptin concentrations increased with increasing body mass index in both young and postmenopausal women and were significantly higher in obese postmenopausal women than in obese young women (p < 0.01). Plasma NPY levels in obese young and postmenopausal women were significantly higher than in lean women (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively) and were significantly higher in obese and nonobese postmenopausal women than in young women (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Plasma galanin levels in postmenopausal women, both lean and overweight, were significantly lower than in young women (p < 0.01 andp < 0.01, respectively). In obese postmenopausal women, plasma galanin concentrations were lower without differing significantly from those in obese young women. However, they were significantly higher than that in lean postmenopausal women (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the differences is plasma leptin, NPY, and galanin between postmenopausal women and young women may be related to body mass index rather than to differences in hormonal status and that the higher NPY levels in both lean and obese postmenopausal women than in young women indicate that factors other than body mass index may be involved.
authors.affiliation: Neuroendocrinology Department, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baranowska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radzikowska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wasilewska-Dziubínska
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roguski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pølonowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D019004:Galanin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000097:blood*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D017698:Postmenopause; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D019004:Galanin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone