title: Optimized MR imaging for polyacrylamide gel dosimetry.
abstract: Polyacrylamide gels are a powerful tool to measure radiation dose by quantifying the NMR T2 relaxation times of the irradiated gel. The exploitation of these radiation sensitive gels in clinical radiotherapy requires accurate mapping of T2 values. This paper describes the optimization strategy used to identify accurate and practical methods of measuring the range of T2 values typical of gel dosimeters (140-700 ms). The MR imaging techniques used to measure T2 values and the choice of image acquisition parameters are described. Four sequences are compared and the results are analysed in terms of accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio and acquisition time. A multiple spin echo sequence was found to yield the most accurate results (98.9%). Single spin echo sequences, such as Hahn spin echo and EPI spin echo, were found to measure gel T2 values with an accuracy of 90.1%. This paper reports the importance of careful selection and optimization of the MR imaging sequences for accurate and reliable polyacrylamide gel dosimetry.
authors.affiliation: CRC Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Baustert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oldham
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Leach
mesh_terms: D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors