title: Do eicosanoids cause colonic dysfunction in experimental E coli O157:H7 (EHEC) infection?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathophysiology of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection remains unclear. Eicosanoids have been implicated as pathophysiological mediators in other colitides.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) contribute to mucosal inflammation and dysfunction in EHEC colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten day old rabbits were infected with EHEC. For five days after infection, mucosal synthesis of PGE(2) and LTB(4) was measured in distal colonic tissue from control and infected animals and (51)Cr-EDTA permeability was assessed in vivo. Myeloperoxidase activity was measured and histological inflammation and damage were assessed at five days in control and infected animals and after treatment of infected animals with the LTB(4) synthesis inhibitor MK-886. In separate experiments, ion transport was measured in Ussing chambers, before and after in vitro addition of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LTB(4) synthesis was increased from day 2 after infection onwards and PGE(2) synthesis was increased on day 3. Mucosal permeability did not increase until day 5 after infection. MK-886 inhibited colonic LTB(4) production but did not reduce diarrhoea, inflammation, or mucosal damage. Electrolyte transport was not significantly altered on day 3 after infection. However, both Cl secretion and reduced Na absorption found on day 5 were partially reversed by indomethacin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue synthesis of PGE(2) and LTB(4) did not correlate temporally with EHEC induced inflammation or changes in mucosal permeability and ion transport. Cyclooxygenase inhibition partially reversed ion transport abnormalities but lipoxygenase inhibition did not affect mucosal inflammation or histological damage. We conclude that the contribution of eicosanoids to mucosal injury and dysfunction is more complex than previously suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia. cbell@med.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: O'Loughlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000502:physiology*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010539:Permeability; D011817:Rabbits; D002722:Chlorobenzenes
chemical_list: D015232:Dinoprostone; D015777:Eicosanoids; D004573:Electrolytes; D007211:Indoles; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; C060893:MK-886; D002722:Chlorobenzenes