title: Long-term results and functional outcome after Ripstein rectopexy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate operative mortality, morbidity, and functional results after Ripstein rectopexy for rectal prolapse and internal rectal intussusception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients with rectal prolapse and 43 with internal rectal intussusception were included. All patient records were studied and complications registered. Long-term follow-up was possible in 105 patients and performed by clinical examination and standardized interview, telephone interview, or patient records. Seventy-six patients were prospectively evaluated, comparing bowel function before and after rectopexy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no operative mortality. Operative morbidity was 33 percent, and most complications were minor. Severe early complications included one large-bowel obstruction and one transient ureteric stenosis. Median time of follow-up was seven years in patients with rectal prolapse and 5.4 years in patients with internal rectal intussusception. Late complications included two rectovaginal fistulas and one lethal sigmoid fecaloma. Five patients underwent subtotal colectomy for severe constipation. There was one recurrent prolapse (1.6 percent). Functional evaluation showed that incontinence improved (P = 0.049), whereas the number of bowel movements per week decreased (P < 0.001). Frequency of emptying difficulties did not change significantly in patients with rectal prolapse but increased in patients with internal rectal intussusception (P = 0.038).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ripstein rectopexy can be performed with low mortality and recurrence rate, but with a high early complication rate. There were also some serious late complications. Continence was improved, although increased constipation was a problem in some patients, especially among those with internal rectal intussusception.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mellgren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dolk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003082:Colectomy; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology; D005244:Fecal Impaction / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D007443:Intussusception / Q000601:surgery*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D012005:Rectal Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D012006:Rectovaginal Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D012007:Rectum / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012810:Sigmoid Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000209:etiology