title: Sharing the mantle of primary female care: physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the role that nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) play in women's health care as part of a larger study assessing the use of NPs and PAs as primary care practitioners.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted qualitative key informant interviews with providers and administrators at nine managed care organizations and multispecialty clinics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents indicated that although there were a number of reasons these institutions began to hire NPs and PAs, the shortage of women health care providers was an important contributing factor. Many women patients prefer to see same-sex providers, but there are not enough female physicians to meet this demand. NPs and PAs were more interested in preventive care than physicians were. For these reasons, NPs and PAs came to play a central role in the delivery of women's primary care within these institutions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the number of female physicians is increasing, there is no indication that the importance of NPs and PAs is waning. Rather, they have become valued members of the health care team. Women physicians will most likely be expected to provide primary care in teams with NPs and PAs.
authors.affiliation: RAND, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA. coulter@rand.org
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coulter
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D010823:Physician Assistants; D010822:Physicians, Women; D014481:United States; D014932:Women's Health Services