title: Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute ischaemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide has several effects that may be beneficial in ischaemic stroke and useful in the management of hypertension in acute stroke. Some forms of nitric oxide synthase inhibition may also be beneficial. However, high concentrations of nitric oxide are likely to be toxic to brain tissue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this review was to assess the effects of nitric oxide donors, L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase-inhibitors in people with acute ischaemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group trials register (July 1997), Medline (for trials from 1965), Embase (from 1980) and ISI (from 1981). We contacted drug companies and researchers in the field.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing nitric oxide donors, L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase-inhibitors in patients within one week of onset of confirmed ischaemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two reviewers independently applied the inclusion criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No completed trials were found. One small placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate patches is underway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is currently no evidence from randomised trials on the effects of nitric oxide donors, L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase-inhibitors in patients with acute ischaemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Division of Stroke Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK, NG5 1PB. philip.bath@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bath
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Butterworth
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bath
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase