title: Acute transient pseudoatrophy of the brain accompanying measles infection.
abstract: Two infants, age 1 year, with acute encephalopathy who showed transient pseudoatrophy of the brain were reported. They each had measles infection, followed by 'mild drowsiness'. Reversible brain atrophy has been observed in patients with undernutrition, dehydration, and overdoses of steroids and valproic acid. However, these manifestations were very mild and there was no history of drug administration in our patients. The cause of the transient brain pseudoatrophy was unknown. However, activation of glial cells accompanying the measles infection was thought to be one possibility to see high value of neopterin (51 pmol/l) in the cerebrospinal fluid in one case. Although 'mild drowsiness' is not a rare manifestation in patients with measles infection, it is probable that their 'mild drowsiness' is caused by acute encephalopathy like in our cases. Thus, we recommend that computed tomography scanning or magnetic resonance imaging is performed in patients showing 'mild drowsiness' during measles infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Yokohama Ryouikuen,557-2, Ichizawa-cho, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-0014, Kanagawa, Japan. kaori-a@air.linkclub.or.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanaya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001284:Atrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000150:complications*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed