title: Relationship between intrathecal oxygen tension and ultrastructural changes in the spinal cord during experimental aortic clamping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate spinal cord ultrastructure related to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxygenation.
  
  
  METHODS
  experimental aortic occlusion model with intrathecal oxygen tension monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of pigs underwent proximal (P) or double (D) aortic occlusion for 30 min followed by 1 h of reperfusion. In a third group (I) segmental arteries distal to T3 were clamped for 90 min. A thin pO(2), pCO(2) and pH sensor was placed intrathecally for continuous monitoring of CSF. Spinal cord segments were studied by electron microscopy (EM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group P, CSF-pO(2)rapidly decreased during clamping and major changes in pH and pCO(2)were seen. EM demonstrated neuronal degeneration with loss of cellular integrity and severe affection of organelles. In the group D, CSF oxygenation decreased to about half, but with only moderate changes in the metabolic parameters. Group I showed no significant changes in CSF measurements. The latter groups were similar at EM, showing only mild mitochondrial changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of CSF oxygenation during aortic cross-clamping or segmental artery interruption seems to correlate with ultrastructural changes in the spinal cord. This online intrathecal monitoring technique may provide valuable information on spinal cord circulation during thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Christiansson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hellberg
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bergqvist
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiklund
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karacagil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003250:Constriction; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007796:Laminectomy; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010100:Oxygen / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010313:Partial Pressure; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen