title: Effect of acid-etching on remineralization of enamel white spot lesions.
abstract: This in vitro study aimed at investigating whether full remineralization would occur in white spot lesions when the surface porosity was increased by acid-etching. The effect of fluoride was also investigated. Enamel blocks with in vitro produced white spot lesions were used. Group A was exposed to a remineralizing solution only. In group B, the lesions were etched with 35% phosphoric acid for 30 s, then treated as in group A. Group C was treated as group A + daily treatment with a fluoride toothpaste slurry (1,000 ppm) for 5 min. Group D was treated as group B + the daily fluoride treatment of group C. The remineralization was measured weekly with Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence during the experimental period. After 10 weeks of remineralization, mineral profiles were assessed with transverse microradiography. The enamel fluorescence was partly regained. There were significant differences in the lesion depth, mineral content at the surface layer, and integrated mineral loss between the groups. Addition of fluoride accelerated the remineralization only in the beginning; in later stages the process leveled out and even reached a plateau in all the groups. It was concluded that full remineralization was not achieved by etching, by the addition of fluoride, nor by the combination of both treatments in this in vitro study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Khateeb
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Exterkate
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Angmar-Månsson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: ten Cate
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002021:Buffers; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005453:Fluorescence; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006531:HEPES; D006801:Humans; D008852:Microradiography; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016062:Porosity; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D008903:Minerals; D010710:Phosphates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D014100:Toothpastes; D011189:Potassium Chloride; C013216:potassium phosphate; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D005459:Fluorides; D006531:HEPES