title: Beta3 receptors mediate relaxation in stomach fundus whereas a fourth beta receptor mediates tachycardia in atria from transgenic beta3 receptor knockout mice.
abstract: Pharmacological studies have revealed a non-beta1, beta2 or beta3 adrenergic receptor that mediates tachycardia in rat and human atria. The present studies utilized transgenic mice that lack the rodent beta3 receptor to explore, in a more definitive fashion, whether a non-beta1, beta2 or beta3 receptor can mediate atrial tachycardia. Insofar as the rat stomach fundus possesses a beta3 receptor mediating relaxation, we examined the stomach fundus from beta3 receptor knockout mice for the presence or absence of the beta3 relaxant receptor. Contractile responses to carbamylcholine were similar in potency and magnitude between mouse stomach fundus from wild type and beta3 receptor knockout animals. However, the classical beta3 receptor agonist CL316243, (10(-8)-10(-6)M) relaxed stomach fundus from wild type mice, but not from the beta3 receptor knockout animals. These data provide functional evidence for the absence of the beta3 receptor in beta3 receptor knockout animals and support the role of beta3 receptors mediating relaxation in mouse stomach fundus. Atria from mice lacking the beta3 receptor responded similarly (in potency and maximal increase in heart rate) to isoproterenol (10(-9)-10(-6)M) as atria from wild type mice. Furthermore, propranolol (3 x 10(-7) M) produced a dextral shift in the concentration response to isoproterenol in atria from both the beta3 receptor knockout and wild type mice with negative log K(B) values of 8.03 and 8.09, respectively. Thus, beta receptors mediating tachycardia to isoproterenol are intact and respond similarly in atria from both knockout and wild type mice. Furthermore, CGP12177, a prototypic 'atypical' beta receptor agonist produced tachycardia with a similar EC50 and maximal response in atria from both the wild type and beta3 receptor knockout mice. Cyanopindolol was a partial agonist relative to CGP12177 in both wild type and beta3 receptor knockout mice. Tachycardia to CGP12177 and cyanopindolol was not blocked by propranolol (3 x 10(-7) M) in atria from either group. These data provide definitive evidence that the receptor mediating tachycardia to CGP12177 and to cyanopindolol in atria from the transgenic beta3 receptor knockout mice is neither the beta1, beta2, nor beta3 adrenergic receptor.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. cohenml@lilly.com
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bloomquist
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Lowell
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016275:Atrial Function; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D011412:Propanolamines; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; C033394:CGP 12177