title: Vaccines for preventing tick-borne encephalitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tick-borne encephalitis is a disease of the central nervous system caused by a virus. Other than the vaccine, there is no treatment for the disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this review was to assess the effects of vaccines to prevent tick-borne encephalitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group trials register, the Cochrane Vaccine Fields Trials Register, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, Embase and reference lists of articles. We also handsearched the journal Vaccine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing tick-borne encephalitis vaccines against placebo, control vaccines or comparisons of different doses or schedules of tick-borne encephalitis vaccines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two reviewers independently applied inclusion criteria. A panel of six assessors examined trial quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five trials were included. They could not be combined for meta-analysis because of differences in comparisons and outcomes. Four types of tick-borne encephalitis vaccines were used. All the vaccines gave seroconversion rates of over 87%. There were frequent reports of systemic and local adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tick-borne encephalitis vaccines appear to be highly immunogenic, but the relationship between seroconversion and clinical protection has not been established. Although adverse effects were commonly reported, none were severe or life threatening.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Preventive Medicine & Biometrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Box C 245, 4200 E Ninth Ave, Denver, CO 80262, USA. Patricia.Graves@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Demicheli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Graves
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jefferson
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004675:Encephalitis, Tick-Borne / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D014612:Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines