title: The effect of a structured smoking cessation program, independent of exposure to existing interventions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program for women in public health clinics, controlling for reported exposures to 4 common intervention components (provider advice, booklet, video segment, posters) among smokers in the control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a baseline control period, 10 pair-matched clinics were randomly assigned to study groups. A total of 1042 smokers in the combined baseline and control groups and 454 smokers in the intervention group completed a preintervention questionnaire and a postintervention telephone interview 5 to 8 weeks later. Eight smoking outcomes, including quitting, were analyzed for the effect of reported exposure to intervention components, experimental program, and clinic service.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater exposure to intervention components, being in the experimental program, and being seen in prenatal clinics independently improved smoking outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of interventions reported by smokers in the control group ranged from none to 4 and varied across clinic services. The experimental program we tested produced better outcomes than the minimal smoking cessation interventions already existing in the control clinics, after we controlled for whether smokers were or were not exposed to these interventions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Services Research, University of Illinois at Chicago 60607, USA. clara@uic.edu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manfredi
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Crittenden
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Warnecke
mesh_terms: D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D002641:Chicago; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011295:Prenatal Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D015980:Public Health Practice; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014932:Women's Health Services