title: TEL/PDGFbetaR fusion protein activates STAT1 and STAT5: a common mechanism for transformation by tyrosine kinase fusion proteins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  TEL/PDGFbetaR is a tyrosine kinase fusion protein associated with the pathogenesis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. The following experiments were undertaken to understand the mechanisms whereby TEL/PDGFbetaR transforms cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Activation of JAK and STAT proteins was studied in an interleukin 3 (IL-3)-dependent cell line, Ba/F3, transformed to IL-3 independence by TEL/PDGFbetaR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEL/PDGFbetaR activates STAT1 and STAT5 in transformed Ba/F3 cells through a JAK-independent pathway. Activation of STAT proteins requires the kinase activity of TEL/PDGFbetaR. JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 are not phosphorylated by TEL/PDGFbetaR. However, TEL/PDGFbetaR can phosphorylate STAT5 in transiently transfected COS cells, suggesting that TEL/PDGFbetaR may itself be the kinase involved in tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins. In contrast, native PDGFbetaR stimulated by PDGF ligand does not activate STAT proteins to a significant degree in this hematopoietic context. STAT1 and STAT5 also are activated by TEL/ABL and TEL/JAK2 fusion proteins associated with human leukemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STAT activation may be a common mechanism of transformation by leukemogenic tyrosine kinase fusion proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wilbanks
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Druker
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008894:Milk Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000032:analysis; D050783:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D000097764:ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007370:Interferon Type I; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007377:Interleukin-3; D008894:Milk Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D050783:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000097764:ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein; C494079:STAT1 protein, human