[Contribution of a combined approach in an analysis of training needs in two health regions in Morocco].
A study using a combination of three techniques of qualitative research (nominal group, focus group, interview) was carried out in 1996 among 72 health professionals that occupy a position of responsibility at the level of the wilayas of Fes and Marrakech (Morocco). For the entirety of the study, 14 meetings were held with experts (administrators, nurses, doctors and delegates).


OBJECTIVE
To study the advantages and limitations of a combinatory approach that triangulates three methods of qualitative research to identify and analyze training needs of administrators, nurses, doctors and delegates that hold a position of responsibility at the level of the wilayas of Fes and Marrakech.


RESULTS
The focus group allowed for the establishment of lists of problems encountered that were susceptible to being resolved through a training intervention: 1) Planning methods are not used and needs analysis of resources remains arbitrary; 2) Methods of management are not mastered by the people holding the responsible positions; 3) The management of human resources is centralized and there is no policy of personnel motivation. The main accompanying measures proposed by the participants were: 1) to decentralize the process of planning and to train the responsible people in the methods and techniques of planning; 2) to introduce new methods of health services administration. Training themes by order of priority were: health planning, management, regulations and legal instruments, management of human and material resources.


CONCLUSIONS
The combinatory approach allowed for a list to be established of the training needs of health professionals. It also provided an instantaneous diagnosis of the organisations and programmes for which they are responsible. But this triangulation of techniques has several limitations related to the researchers' interpretation of these needs, to their socio-cultural system of reference and to their interests that often don't coincide with those of the experts in the field.


CONCLUSIONS
This study allowed for the development of an outline that puts the role of experts back in the planning process of a training project and combines the needs of experts with institutional needs in order to reach a better adequacy of the triad of needs-demand-responses.
Raâfa
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Institut de Formation aux Carrières de Santé, Rabat, Maroc.
D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D017144:Focus Groups; D006270:Health Facility Administrators / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009018:Morocco; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010934:Planning Techniques; D012107:Research Design; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires