High chromium yeast supplementation improves glucose tolerance in pigs by decreasing hepatic extraction of insulin.
Twenty Landrace x Yorkshire cross pigs (body wt, 47.9+/-2.9 kg) were used to evaluate effects of dietary high chromium (Cr) yeast supplementation on plasma kinetics of glucose, insulin and C-peptide. Pigs were provided free access to either a control diet (C) containing 204 microg Cr/kg or a diet supplemented with an additional 200 microg Cr/kg as high Cr yeast (CR) for between 23 and 30 d. After overnight food deprivation, dextrose (500 g/L) was infused through a jugular vein catheter at a dose of 0.5 g glucose/kg body weight with an infusion rate of 10 g glucose/min within 6 min. High Cr yeast supplementation did not affect body weight gain or food intake. There were no differences in fasting plasma concentrations of either glucose or C-peptide, although basal plasma concentration of insulin tended to be higher in pigs fed CR (P<0.10). Plasma glucose concentrations were lower (P<0.01) at postinfusion times 5, 10, 15 and 20 min in pigs fed CR. Plasma insulin concentrations in pigs fed CR were higher (P<0.05) at 2 and 0 min before the completion of dextrose infusion. However, the increase in plasma insulin concentrations was not accompanied by a comparable elevation in plasma C-peptide concentrations. The 30-min (postinfusion) area of plasma glucose concentrations tended to be lower (P<0.10) in pigs fed CR, but there were no differences in 30-min areas of either plasma insulin or plasma C-peptide concentrations between treatments. Plasma clearance rates of glucose, insulin and C-peptide were higher and their half-lives shorter (P<0.05) in pigs fed CR. In conclusion, dietary high Cr yeast supplementation improved glucose tolerance, possibly through a decrease in hepatic extraction of insulin.
Guan
X
X
Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Matte
J J
JJ
Ku
P K
PK
Snow
J L
JL
Burton
J L
JL
Trottier
N L
NL
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006207:Half-Life; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D013552:Swine; D015430:Weight Gain
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D002857:Chromium; D005947:Glucose