title: Differential regulation of B cell development, activation, and death by the src homology 2 domain-containing 5' inositol phosphatase (SHIP).
abstract: Although the Src homology 2 domain-containing 5' inositol phosphatase (SHIP) is a well-known mediator of inhibitory signals after B cell antigen receptor (BCR) coaggregation with the low affinity Fc receptor, it is not known whether SHIP functions to inhibit signals after stimulation through the BCR alone. Here, we show using gene-ablated mice that SHIP is a crucial regulator of BCR-mediated signaling, B cell activation, and B cell development. We demonstrate a critical role for SHIP in termination of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PI[3,4,5]P(3)) signals that follow BCR aggregation. Consistent with enhanced PI(3,4,5)P(3) signaling, we find that splenic B cells from SHIP-deficient mice display enhanced sensitivity to BCR-mediated induction of the activation markers CD86 and CD69. We further demonstrate that SHIP regulates the rate of B cell development in the bone marrow and spleen, as B cell precursors from SHIP-deficient mice progress more rapidly through the immature and transitional developmental stages. Finally, we observe that SHIP-deficient B cells have increased resistance to BCR-mediated cell death. These results demonstrate a central role for SHIP in regulation of BCR signaling and B cell biology, from signal driven development in the bone marrow and spleen, to activation and death in the periphery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brauweiler
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tamir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dal Porto
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Benschop
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Helgason
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Humphries
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cambier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000254:growth & development; D016923:Cell Death; D007152:Immunologic Capping; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013154:Spleen / Q000254:growth & development; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; C098706:INPPL1 protein, human; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases