Non-participation in a population-based seroprevalence study of vaccine-preventable diseases.
To estimate the immunity of the Dutch population against vaccine-preventable diseases, a population-based serum bank was established. Since a multi-tiered approach to enroll eligible individuals was used, both the overall non-response selection and the effect, on this selection, of including additional participants and of excluding a subgroup of non-participants (i.e. those without questionnaire data) could be studied. For some characteristics associated with non-participation, an association with seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases is likely (e.g. age, gender). For other characteristics (e.g. marital status, receipt of reminder, degree of urbanization) the association with immune status is unclear but probably small. If the distribution in the population, or information on all participants and non-participants, of the characteristic is available, then the effect on the seroprevalence can be estimated. However, investigators have to be aware that studying only a subgroup of non-participants might lead to a biased insight into non-participation selection. Furthermore, merely including additional participants might not always reduce this bias.
De Melker
H E
HE
Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Nagelkerde
N J
NJ
Conyn-van Spaendonck
M A
MA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003710:Demography; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011315:Preventive Medicine; D015983:Selection Bias; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016312:Treatment Refusal