title: Evaluation of three different ways of assessing tremor in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the comparative reliability and validity of three simple ways of rating upper limb tremor in patients with multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three examiners independently rated severity of upper limb tremor in patients with multiple sclerosis on a 0-10 scale by studying videotape recordings of patients' examinations, spiral drawings, and handwriting samples. The correlations of the tremor severity scores with scores from arm dexterity tests and a tremor related disability scale were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rating tremor on posture had a good intrarater and interrater reliability. However, these reliabilities decreased when kinetic tremor was assessed, in part because dysmetria was a confounding factor. The intrarater reliabilities of rating tremor from spirals and handwriting were also good but the interrater reliabilities were only fair to moderate. Tremor severity scored by all three methods correlated highly with scores obtained from the nine hole peg test, finger tapping test, and a tremor related activities of daily living (ADL) questionnaire, indicating that all three methods were valid ways of assessing tremor in multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple sclerosis tremors in posture can be scored using a clinical rating scale in a valid and reliable way, and from spirals and handwriting samples if the ratings are carried out by the same examiner. However, scoring kinetic tremor was less reliable. In addition, the nine hole peg and finger tapping tests provide useful objective assessments of upper limb function in tremulous patients with multiple sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK. sundus@alusi.fsnet.co.uk
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Alusi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Worthington
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Findley
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Bain
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology