title: Clinicopathological and biological assessment of lung cancers with pleural dissemination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study provides the surgical outcome of lung cancer patients with pleural dissemination, with the assessment of the clinicopathological and biological prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three patients who underwent operations were studied. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR/gp78) expression was immunohistochemically evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, the overall 3 and 5-year survival rates were 31.4% and 13.1%, respectively. The patients who underwent the pleuropneumonectomy had a worse outcome than those who underwent limited operations (pleurectomy plus parenchymal resections were less than pneumonectomy). VEGF and AMFR/gp78 were highly expressed in primary tumors. Among the patients who underwent limited operations, pathological types other than adenocarcinoma and high expression of VEGF were significantly associated with a worse outcome. The pathological type was the only characteristic to retain a significant independent prognostic impact on overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results imply the validation of limited operation for lung cancer with pleural dissemination for the local control. High frequency of VEGF and AMFR/gp78 expression conform to the interpretation that patients with pleural dissemination have a high-risk of systemic disease.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan. yohta@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010994:Pleura / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase