title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tenecteplase: results from a phase II study in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: Tenecteplase is a site-specific engineered tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) variant that can be administered as a single intravenous bolus injection because of its slower plasma clearance. The objective of this study was to investigate the dose-ranging pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous bolus tenecteplase compared with intravenous alteplase recombinant t-PA in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A total of 103 patients received intravenous bolus doses of 30, 40, or 50 mg tenecteplase, and 56 patients received 100 mg rt-PA as the accelerated 90-minute infusion regimen in this randomized, open-label study. Tenecteplase and r-tPA plasma concentrations were measured for 6 hours. Tenecteplase exhibited biphasic elimination from the plasma with a mean initial half-life of 22 minutes and a mean terminal half-life of 115 minutes. The mean plasma clearance was 105 mL/min and did not depend on tenecteplase dose over the dose range studied. In comparison, rt-PA has a fourfold faster plasma clearance. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation showed that a dose of approximately 0.5 mg/kg results in a plasma AUC value that provides a TIMI 3 flow at 90 minutes that is comparable to that reported with accelerated r-tPA. In conclusion, tenecteplase has a fourfold slower plasma clearance compared with rt-PA, allowing dosing as an i.v. bolus injection. Weight-adjusted dosing of tenecteplase may optimize the therapeutic regimen of tenecteplase.
authors.affiliation: Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Clow
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tanswell
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van de Werf
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braunwald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001835:Body Weight; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D000077785:Tenecteplase; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000077785:Tenecteplase