title: [Intraoperative control of mean arterial pressure and heart rate with alfentanyl with fuzzy logic].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a fuzzy logic controller that adjust alfentanil infusion during surgery based on changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed a fuzzy logic controller using if ... then ... conditions written in C language, to be executed by a 486 PC with a 66 Mhz CPU. The controller was used with eight ASA I-II patients undergoing gynecological surgery under anesthesia with propofol, alfentanil and ventilated with oxygen/air. MAP and HR were input every three minutes, after which the controller generated an infusion based on those figures. We performed a statistical study of alfentanil consumption time until extubation and time of hemodynamic stability. Relative error of MAP was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The controller was used for a total of 373 min with the eight patients. MAP was 15% below the desired level for 2.14% (18 min) of that time and was 15% over the desired level for 5.6% (21 min) of the time. MAP held steady within the range of stability for the remaining 92.26% (334 min) of the time the controller was used. The relative error of MAP was 7.8 +/- 1.5%. Mean time until extubation was 7 min and 2 s.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe the controller can be used to automate taks executed by experts. The controller was useful for stabilizing HR and MAP.
authors.affiliation: Hospital do Meixoeiro, Vigo. alf.car@arrakis.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carregal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Taboada
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Barreiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015760:Alfentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000465:Algorithms; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D017143:Fuzzy Logic; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015760:Alfentanil