title: Volume and dose-response effects for severe symptomatic pneumonitis after fractionated irradiation of canine lung.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the dose-related incidence of severe symptomatic pneumonitis following fractionated irradiation applied to three different volumes of lung in normal beagle dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-dimensional treatment planning system was used to design mediastinal fields of increasing width to irradiate 33%, 67% or 100% of both lungs combined in 128 normal beagle dogs. Total doses, ranging from 27 to 72 Gy, were delivered in 1.5 Gy fractions over 6 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No dogs irradiated to 33% of their total lung volume developed severe symptomatic pneumonitis. In the 67% volume group, logistic fit of the data showed a dose-response curve with a 50% probability of developing severe symptomatic pneumonitis (ED50) after a total dose of 56.0 Gy (52.2-66.0 Gy, 95% confidence interval, CI). The more clinically relevant ED5 for the first 6 months after irradiation of 67% of the lung was 48.1 Gy (18.5-52.0 Gy, 95% CI). The ED50 and ED5 values after irradiation of the whole lung (100%) were 44.1 Gy (41.2-53.5Gy, 95% CI) and 39.1 Gy (8.8-41.8 Gy, 95% CI) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe symptomatic pneumonitis proved to be a very informative volume-effect endpoint, clearly demonstrating that irradiated lung volume is a critical parameter to be considered in assigning thoracic radiotherapy treatment parameters. Volume effects in lung are dependent on the compensatory capacity of the nonirradiated lung. Underlying pathophysiology of irradiated tissue, as well as decreased compensatory capacity of nonirradiated tissue may have a strong effect on the dose-volume response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. poulson@radonc.duke.edu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Poulson
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Vujaskovic
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gillette
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Chaney
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gillette
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D017564:Radiation Pneumonitis / Q000209:etiology*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance