title: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) versus azathioprine (AZA) in pancreas transplantation: a single-center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Advances in immunosuppression and careful monitoring for rejection are largely responsible for improved results in pancreas transplantation. We conducted a retrospective study to establish the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) instead of azatioprine (AZA) in pancreas transplantation and to assess adverse effects in the two different immunosuppressive regimes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 1991, 27 pancreas transplantations were performed in 25 patients at our Institute. For induction therapy, immunosuppressant protocol consisted of quadruple immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine, steroids, antilymphocyte globulin and AZA in 13 patients or MMF in 12 patients respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acute rejection occurred in 76% of patients in the AZA group compared with 53% in the MMF group. Steroid-resistant rejection was observed in 7% in the MMF group compared to 38% of patients on AZA (p < 0.01). Two kidney grafts were lost due to acute rejection in the AZA group, one pancreas was lost due to acute rejection and one to chronic rejection in the MMF group. There were no significant differences in CMV infection. Severe fungal infections were noted in 2 patients treated with MMF. Malignancy occurred in 1 patient (pancreas graft lymphoma) in MMF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, patients treated with MMF required less frequent and less intensive treatment for acute rejection. However, its short- and long-term side effects should be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rigotti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cadrobbi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baldan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sarzo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parise
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Furian
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marchini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ancona
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine