title: Increased striatal dopamine transporter in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: effects of methylphenidate as measured by single photon emission computed tomography.
abstract: Ten previously untreated adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were investigated before and after 4 weeks of treatment with a dose of 3x5 mg methylphenidate/d by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1, the first Tc-99m labelled SPECT ligand specifically binding to the dopamine transporter (DAT). For semiquantitative evaluation of the DAT, specific binding ([STR-BKG]/BKG) was calculated in the striatum (STR) with the cerebellum used as background (BKG). The patients with ADHD presented with increased specific binding of Tc-99m-TRODAT-1 to the DAT as compared with age and sex matched controls ([STR-BKG]/BKG 1.43+/-0.18 vs. 1.22+/-0.05, P<0.001). After treatment with methylphenidate specific binding decreased in all patients ([STR-BKG]/BKG 1.02+/-0.23, P<0.001). Thus, for the first time it could be demonstrated using SPECT that methylphenidate lowers increased striatal DAT availability in adults suffering from ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Baur-Institute bei der Medizinischen Klinik Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstrasse 1a, D-80336, München, Germany. www.drjkrause@aol.com
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Dresel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011859:Radiography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014326:Tropanes
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human; D014326:Tropanes; C104196:technetium Tc 99m TRODAT-1; D008774:Methylphenidate