title: Transcriptional inactivation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 gene by dna hypermethylation of the 5'-CpG island in human gastric cancer cell lines.
abstract: The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3), a recently cloned member of TIMP gene family, has been implicated in the negative regulation of tumor cell invasion and tumor growth. Down-regulation of this gene has been shown to occur in a mouse carcinogenesis model, suggesting that it might play a role in the tumor progression of some cancers. In this study, we used human gastric cancer cell lines to investigate whether TIMP-3 gene expression is suppressed in human gastric cancer. We examined whether aberrant DNA methylation of the 5'-CpG island of the TIMP-3 gene is involved in this cancer. Nine of 10 human gastric cancer cell lines completely lost TIMP-3 gene expression compared with normal samples. Southern blot analysis and bisulfite genomic sequencing revealed aberrant hypermethylation near the transcription-start site of the TIMP-3 gene in all cell lines lacking TIMP-3 expression. Treatment of these cell lines with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine restored TIMP-3 gene expression. Our results suggest that the TIMP-3 gene is another early target of tumor-associated aberrant DNA methylation in human gastric carcinogenesis. Consequently, genetic silencing of TIMP-3 may lead to a more malignant and invasive phenotype in these cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University Medical College, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3