title: Nedocromil sodium inhibits canine adenovirus bronchiolitis in beagle puppies.
abstract: Nedocromil sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to control asthmatic attacks. Our hypothesis is that nedocromil sodium inhibits virus-induced airway inflammation, a common trigger of asthma. We nebulized nedocromil sodium into beagle dogs (n = 10, mean +/- SEM ages: 149 +/- 13 days) before and after inoculation with canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2). Control dogs (n = 10) received saline aerosols and were either infected with CAV2 (Sal/CAV2, n = 7, mean +/- SEM ages: 140 +/- 11 days) or were not infected (Sal/Sal, n = 3, ages: 143 +/- 0 days). All dogs were anesthetized with choralose (80 mg/kg i.v.), intubated, and mechanically ventilated. Pulmonary function tests and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed using standard techniques. Pulmonary function tests revealed no significant change between the nedocromil sodium and non-nedocromil-treated groups. The percentage of infected bronchioles was quantitated as the number of inflamed airways of 40 bronchioles examined times 100 for each dog. Nedocromil-treated dogs had significantly (p < 0.05) less mucosal inflammation (mean +/- SEM, 39% +/- 5%), epithelial denudation (36% +/- 5%), and BAL neutrophilia (11 +/- 3) than did Sal/CAV2 dogs (51% +/- 6%, 57% +/- 4%, and 33% +/- 8%, respectively). We concluded that pretreatment with nedocromil sodium aerosols attenuated CAV2-induced airway inflammation in these beagle puppies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Steele Memorial Children's Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lemen
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Weger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Witten
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lantz
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bice
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Muggenburg
mesh_terms: D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006516:Adenoviruses, Canine / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002452:Cell Count; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017835:Nedocromil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D017835:Nedocromil