title: Pain relief caused by millimeter waves in mice: results of cold water tail flick tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find out if millimeter waves can decrease experimental pain response in mice using cold water tail flick test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Swiss albino mice (15 mice per group) were exposed to continuous millimeter waves at a frequency of 61.22 GHz with incident power densities (IPD) ranging from 0.15 to 5.0 mW/cm2 for 15 min or sham exposed. Latency of tail withdrawal in a cold water (1 +/- 0.5 degrees C) tail flick test was measured before the exposure (baseline) and then four times after the exposure with 15 min breaks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean latency of the tail flick response in mice exposed to millimeter waves was more than twice that of sham-exposed controls (p<0.05). This effect was proportional to the power of millimeter waves and completely disappeared at an IPD level of < or = 0.5 mW/cm2. Pretreatment of mice with the opioid antagonist naloxone (1 mg/kg i.p.) blocked the effect of millimeter waves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that the antinociceptive effect of millimeter waves is mediated through endogenous opioids.
authors.affiliation: Richard J Fox Center for Biomedical Physics, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rojavin
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Radzievsky
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ziskin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D010146:Pain / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D009270:Naloxone