title: Antibiotic resistance in respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis collected from across Canada in 1997-1998.
abstract: Between September 1997 and November 1998 respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (n = 1352) and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 428) were collected by 18 Canadian medical centres. beta-Lactamase was produced by 24.0 and 94.2% of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis isolates, respectively. Resistance rates for H. influenzae were highest for ampicillin (24.0%), trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (13. 7%), loracarbef (6.1%) and cefaclor (4.2%), and </= 1% for amoxycillin/clavulanate, cefotaxime, cefprozil, cefixime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin and chloramphenicol. M. catarrhalis resistance rates, derived using NCCLS breakpoint criteria for Haemophilus spp., were </= 1% for all antibiotics tested except ampicillin (49.5%) and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (1.6%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man. R3A 1R9.
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zhanel
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Karlowsky
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases