title: Differential expression of neuroendocrine-specific protein in form-deprived chick eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify genes that are highly expressed in form-deprived retina-retinal pigment epithelium-choroid tissues. Neuroendocrine-specific proteins were found to be highly expressed.
  
  
  METHODS
  mRNAs enriched in retina-retinal pigment epithelium-choroid tissues from 3-, 7-, and 14-day form-deprived chick eyes were isolated by differential display technique with cDNA library screening. Neuroendocrine-specific protein A and C were cloned in control and form-deprived eyes. mRNA and protein levels, with respective regional localizations, were examined by Northern blot, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The isolated clone included an insert with a sequence homologous to both chick neuroendocrine-specific proteins A and C. The increases in mRNA and protein levels were confirmed by Northern and Western blot analyses, respectively. Immunohistochemical localization of neuroendocrine-specific proteins A and C was detected in the layer of photoreceptor inner segments, presumably in the cone cells. Northern blot analysis using negative lenses showed that levels of neuroendocrine-specific protein A and C mRNAs were not altered using negative lenses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of both neuroendocrine-specific proteins A and C mRNAs in cone photoreceptor cells was upregulated within 14 days of form deprivation, but not in response to negative spectacle lenses. These data suggest that the increase in induction of neuroendocrine-specific proteins is not a secondary consequence of ocular elongation or myopic refraction. Induction of neuroendocrine-specific proteins in form-deprived eyes may be causally related to the development of myopia or may be an unrelated effect of form deprivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan. sfujii@post.med.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Escaño
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saijoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002645:Chickens; D002829:Choroid / Q000378:metabolism; D005123:Eye / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism; D012683:Sensory Deprivation
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger