title: Respiratory distress in a neonate with an enlarged thymus.
abstract: Thymic hyperplasia, although not a rare condition in infancy, is usually asymptomatic. We describe an infant presenting in the perinatal period with marked tachypnoea. An enlarged thymus, demonstrated on chest radiograph and CT, was associated with small-volume, non-compliant lungs. Other causes of pulmonary malfunction and maldevelopment were excluded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thymic enlargement is unusually associated with neonatal respiratory distress but should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health & Respiratory Medicine, Children Nationwide Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dimitriou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenough
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rafferty
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rennie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karani
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D013952:Thymus Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging