title: Chronic hepatitis C: retreatment of relapsers. An evidence-based approach.
abstract: Post-treatment relapse remains a major issue in the long-term management of chronic hepatitis C. Many studies have been conducted to identify the ideal therapy that would increase the cost-effectiveness of retreatment in the individual patient. Although the conclusions of two consensus conferences for the retreatment of relapse of chronic hepatitis C have been published recently, several important issues still remain unanswered. We reviewed the available data by an evidence-based approach and conclude the following: (1) patients should be retreated with a combination of interferon (IFN) and ribavirin for 6 months if there are no contraindications to ribavirin; (2) the excellent tolerability and the lesser expense of retreatment with IFN monotherapy makes it a low-cost option for patients who have transiently cleared HCV-RNA during the first IFN course, and a primary indication for those who are contraindications to ribavirin or are likely to experience adverse events under ribavirin; (3) relapsers retreated with monotherapy must receive a high dose of IFN; and (4) patients with cirrhosis should not be retreated with IFN alone. More data, particularly on the long-term course of patients retreated with combination therapy, are needed before setting guidelines for retreatment of relapsers.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Metodologie Diagnostiche Avanzate, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cammà
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Craxì
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D019233:Retreatment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007372:Interferons