title: Effect of oral creatine supplementation on isokinetic torque production.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to examine the effect of oral creatine supplementation on the decline in peak isokinetic torque of the quadriceps muscle group during an endurance test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three active, but untrained, male subjects performed isokinetic strength tests on a Cybex II dynamometer at 180 degrees x s(-1). The protocol consisted of pre- and post-tests with five sets of 30 maximum volitional contractions with a 1-min rest period between sets. Subjects returned to perform the posttest after 5 d of placebo (4 x 6 g glucose x d(-1), N = 12) or creatine (4 x 5 g creatine + 1 g glucose x d(-1), N = 11) supplementation. Supplements and testing were administered in a double blind fashion. Peak torque was measured during each contraction and the 30 contractions were averaged for each set.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A three-way mixed ANOVA with one between factor (placebo vs creatine) and two within factors (pre/post supplementation and sets 1-5) revealed no significant interactions, P > 0.05. The placebo vs creatine main effect was also nonsignificant, whereas the pre/post and set effects were significant (P < 0.05). Peak torque increased (approximately 3%) from pre- to post-testing, (P = 0.04), but the absolute magnitude of the differences is unlikely to be of any practical significance. Peak torque decreased from sets 1 to 4, whereas sets 4 and 5 were not different. A priori contrasts comparing the creatine group's performance pre vs post test for the fourth and fifth sets were nonsignificant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on within and between group comparisons, we were unable to detect an ergogenic effect of oral creatine supplementation on the decline in peak torque during isokinetic exercise at 180 degrees x s(-1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA. gilliam@ufl.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gilliam
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hohzorn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Trimble
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D013848:Thigh / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine