title: NESK, a member of the germinal center kinase family that activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway and is expressed during the late stages of embryogenesis.
abstract: The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cellular responses stimulated by stress-inducing agents and proinflammatory cytokines. The group I germinal center kinase family members selectively activate the JNK pathway. In this study, we have isolated a mouse cDNA encoding a protein kinase homologous to Nck-interacting kinase (NIK), a member of the group I germinal center kinase family. This protein kinase is expressed during the late stages of embryogenesis, but not in adult tissues, and thus named NESK (NIK-like embryo-specific kinase). NESK selectively activated the JNK pathway when overexpressed in HEK 293 cells but did not stimulate the p38 kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. NESK-induced JNK activation was inhibited by the dominant negative mutants of MEKK1 and MKK4. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) stimulated the NESK activity. Furthermore, the dominant negative NESK mutant inhibited the JNK activation induced by TNF-alpha or TRAF2. These results suggest that NESK, a novel activator of the JNK pathway, functions in coupling TRAF2 to the MEKK1 --> MKK4 --> JNK kinase cascade during the late stages of mammalian embryogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D000081410:Germinal Center Kinases; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
chemical_list: D000081410:Germinal Center Kinases; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; C411848:Nik related kinase; C000631454:TNIK protein, human; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human; C482578:Map3k1 protein, mouse; C482559:MAP2K4 protein, human; C482562:Map2k4 protein, mouse