title: Pituitary carcinoma containing gonadotropins: treatment by radical excision and cytotoxic chemotherapy: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pituitary carcinomas are extremely rare. Cases reported in the medical literature in the 20th century included tumors that produced adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, growth hormone, and/or thyrotropin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we present a 22-year-old woman with a pituitary carcinoma that was immunohistochemically positive for luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone at both the primary and metastatic sites. The patient exhibited elevated serum levels of alpha-subunit.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient had experienced failure of previous treatments, including standard surgery and radiotherapy, and presented to us for radical resection of the tumor, with exenteration of the involved cavernous sinus. She was pretreated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and continued to receive this therapy after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the only documented case of a gonadotropin-staining pituitary carcinoma for which hormone production was proven in both the primary and metastatic tumors. Many benign "nonsecreting" pituitary adenomas actually produce subclinical amounts of gonadotropins, and malignant nonfunctional pituitary neoplasms may do the same.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA. imccutch@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: McCutcheon
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Friend
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Gagel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003399:Craniotomy; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000473:pathology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation
chemical_list: D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone