title: Breast cancer screening in the United States and Canada, 1994: socioeconomic gradients persist.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared rates of annual mammography screening across socioeconomic status between the United States and Canada in 1994.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based cross-sectional surveys were used to compare the rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Screening rates were higher in the United States than in Canada for women aged 50 to 69 years (47.3% vs 38.8%; P < .01). Women with higher education and with higher incomes were more likely to receive screening in both countries, with no significant differences between countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For women aged 50 to 69 years, screening rates in Canada have substantially increased relative to those in the United States. However, disparities in screening across levels of socioeconomic status persist in both countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0376, USA. skatz@umich.edu
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zemencuk
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Hofer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008327:Mammography / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States