title: Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues. Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor-mediated signaling.
abstract: The linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a critical adaptor molecule required for T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling and thymocyte development. Upon T cell activation, LAT becomes highly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues, and Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma1 bind LAT via Src homology-2 domains. In LAT-deficient mutant Jurkat cells, TCR engagement fails to induce ERK activation, Ca(2+) flux, and activation of AP-1 and NF-AT. We mapped the tyrosine residues in LAT responsible for interaction with these specific signaling molecules by expressing LAT mutants with tyrosine to phenylalanine mutations in LAT-deficient cells. Our results showed that three distal tyrosines, Tyr(171), Tyr(191), and Tyr(226), are responsible for Grb2-binding; Tyr(171), and Tyr(191), but not Tyr(226), are necessary for Gads binding. Mutation of Tyr(132) alone abolished PLC-gamma1 binding. Mutation of all three distal tyrosines also abolished PLC-gamma1 binding, suggesting there might be multiple binding sites for PLC-gamma1. Mutation of Tyr(132) affected calcium flux and blocked Erk and NF-AT activation. Since Grb2 binding is not affected by this mutation, these results strongly suggest that PLC-gamma activation regulates Ras activation in these cells. Mutation of individual Grb2 binding sites had no functional effect, but mutation of two or three of these sites, in combination, also affected Erk and NF-AT activation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Division of Basic Sciences, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Trible
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McGlade
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Samelson
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D051380:GRB2 Adaptor Protein; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014162:Transfection; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C409587:GRAP2 protein, human; D051380:GRB2 Adaptor Protein; C495948:GRB2 protein, human; D007527:Isoenzymes; C110810:LAT protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D014443:Tyrosine; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D002118:Calcium