AIS is an oncogene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma.
We and others recently isolated a human p53 homologue (p40/p51/p63/p73L) and localized the gene to the distal long arm of chromosome 3. Here we sought to examine the role of p40/p73L, two variants lacking the N-terminal transactivation domain, in cancer. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed frequent amplification of this gene locus in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and head and neck cancer cell lines. (We named this locus AIS for amplified in squamous cell carcinoma.) Furthermore, amplification of the AIS locus was accompanied by RNA and protein overexpression of a variant p68(AIS) lacking the terminal transactivation domain. Protein overexpression in primary lung tumors was limited to squamous cell carcinoma and tumors known to harbor a high frequency of p53 mutations. Overexpression of p40(AIS) in Rat 1a cells led to an increase in soft agar growth and tumor size in mice. Our results support the idea that AIS plays an oncogenic role in human cancer.
Hibi
K
K
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 818 Ross Research Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA.
Trink
B
B
Patturajan
M
M
Westra
W H
WH
Caballero
O L
OL
Hill
D E
DE
Ratovitski
E A
EA
Jen
J
J
Sidransky
D
D
D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002460:Cell Line; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005784:Gene Amplification; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D016158:Genes, p53; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D009857:Oncogenes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051381:Rats; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C115051:TP63 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C000606368:Trp73 protein, mouse; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins