title: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha is a component of the growth hormone-regulated network of liver transcription factors.
abstract: GH regulates gene expression by modulating the concentration or activity of transcription factors. To identify transcription factors that mediate the effects of GH in liver we analyzed the promoter of the gene coding for hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 (HNF-6), whose expression in liver is stimulated by GH. In protein-DNA interaction studies and in transfection experiments, we found that the liver-enriched transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBPalpha) binds to the hnf6 gene and inhibits its expression. This inhibitory effect involved an N-terminal subdomain of C/EBPalpha and two sites in the hnf6 gene promoter. Using liver nuclear extracts from GH-treated hypophysectomized rats, we found that GH induces a rapid, transient decrease in the amount of C/EBPalpha protein. This GH-induced change is concomitant with the transient stimulatory effect of GH on the hnf6 gene. Stimulation of the hnf6 gene by GH therefore involves lifting of the repression exerted by C/EBPalpha in addition to the known GH-induced stimulatory effects of STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-5) and HNF-4 on that gene. Our data provide further evidence that GH controls a network of liver transcription factors and show that C/EBPalpha participates in this process.
authors.affiliation: Hormone and Metabolic Research Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Lemaigre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D051559:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 6; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051559:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 6; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C496607:Onecut1 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013006:Growth Hormone