title: Transforming growth factor-beta1 gene and protein expression associated with atherogenesis of cholesterol-fed rabbits.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-1beta) has been shown to modulate both cell proliferation and the synthesis of extracellular matrix by vascular cells. This study was aimed to establish the temporal correlation between TGF-beta1 expression, the expression of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, and plaque development during atherogenesis of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were fed with 2% cholesterol-supplemented chow for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks or 6 weeks. TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein expression was examined in serial sections of aorta by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Fibronectin expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. In the control and 1-week feeding group, the expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein was not apparent. In 2-week feeding group, intimal thickening was detected in which TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein were not clearly observed, either. The 3-week and 6-week feeding groups exhibited fatty streaks in which TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein expression markedly increased as feeding proceeded. Cell type-specific staining indicated that TGF-beta1 was expressed by macrophages as well as smooth muscle cells of the fatty streaks. Immunostaining of fibronectin detected low expression levels in control, 1-week and 2-week feeding groups with pronounced upregulation in the thickened intima and the proximal media in 3-week and 6-week feeding groups. These results implicate a role for TGF-beta1 in modulating fatty streak formation and the synthesis of extracellular protein fibronectin during plaque development.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, National Yang-Ming University, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D005353:Fibronectins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta