title: Methylomonas scandinavica sp. nov., a new methanotrophic psychrotrophic bacterium isolated from deep igneous rock ground water of Sweden.
abstract: Methane-utilizing bacteria were enriched from deep igneous rock environments and affiliated by amplification of functional and phylogenetic gene probes. Type I methanotrophs belonging to the genera Methylomonas and Methylobacter dominated in enrichment cultures from depths below 400 m. A pure culture of an obligate methanotroph (strain SR5) was isolated and characterized. Pink-pigmented motile rods of the new isolate contained intracytoplasmic membranes as stacks of vesicles, assimilated methane via the ribulose monophosphate pathway and had an incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle. Phosphatidyl glycerol, methylene ubiquinone and cytochrome c552 were prevailing. The DNA G+C content is 53.3 mol %. Strain SR5 grew at temperatures between 5 and 30 degrees C with optimum at 15 degrees C, close to its in situ temperature. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene, whole cell protein, enzymatic and physiological analyses of strain SR-5 revealed significant differences compared to the other representatives of Type I methanotrophs. Based on pheno- and genotypic characteristics we propose to refer the strain SR5 as to a new species, Methylomonas scandinavica.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kalyuzhnaya
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Khmelenina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kotelnikova
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmquist
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Trotsenko
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D020620:Methylomonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013548:Sweden; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D008697:Methane