title: Endovascular treatment of experimental canine aneurysms: feasibility with MR imaging guidance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to guide and monitor endovascular therapeutic procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endovascular therapeutic procedures were performed with MR imaging guidance in eight dogs by using a 1.5-T MR unit with echo-planar imaging capabilities. Carotid arterial aneurysms were surgically created in four dogs. The ability to depict, track, and position catheters, guide wires, and Guglielmi detachable coils was assessed. Catheters were first positioned with fluoroscopic guidance. Tracking and depiction were achieved with MR imaging by using commercially available catheters filled with a gadopentetate dimeglumine solution and a fast, two-dimensional, time-resolved, variable-rate k-space sampling technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When either a catheter or the coaxial space between a catheter and a guide wire was filled with a solution of gadopentetate dimeglumine, catheter movement was always depicted. In the animals with aneurysms, it was possible to depict movement of a catheter into and out of the aneurysm. This was achieved by superimposing reconstructed images obtained during catheter movement onto a previously acquired MR angiogram ("road map"). Prototype Guglielmi detachable coils were successfully positioned and detached. Aneurysm obliteration was monitored with the acquisition of new road map images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate the feasibility of using MR imaging to guide endovascular therapeutic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Health Sciences Center, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA. strother@facstaff.wisc.edu
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Strother
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frayne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Omary
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Korosec
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mistretta
mesh_terms: D000783:Aneurysm / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000473:pathology; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000295:instrumentation; D003287:Contrast Media; D004285:Dogs; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005263:Femoral Artery; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D015642:Radiology, Interventional
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA