title: Enterovirus 71 from fatal and nonfatal cases of hand, foot and mouth disease epidemics in Malaysia, Japan and Taiwan in 1997-1998.
abstract: Enterovirus 71 (EV71), one of the major causative agents for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), is sometimes associated with severe central nervous system diseases. In 1997, in Malaysia and Japan, and in 1998 in Taiwan, there were HFMD epidemics involving sudden deaths among young children, and EV71 was isolated from the HFMD patients, including the fatal cases. The nucleotide sequences of each EV71 isolate were determined and compared by phylogenetical analysis. EV71 strains from previously reported epidemics belonged to genotype A-1, while those from recent epidemics could be divided into two genotypes, A-2 and B. In Malaysia, genotype A-2 was more prevalent, while in Japan and Taiwan, B genotype was more prevalent. Two isolates from fatal cases in Malaysia and one isolate from a fatal case in Japan were genotype A-2. However, all isolates from three fatal cases in Taiwan belonged to genotype B. The severity of the HFMD did not link directly to certain genotypes of EV71.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. hshimizu@nih.go.jp.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Utama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinniah
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yusof
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
mesh_terms: D017931:DNA Primers; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005838:Genotype; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers