title: Hybrid anthracyclines from a genetically engineered Streptomyces galilaeus mutant.
abstract: The genetic engineering of antibiotic-producing Streptomyces strains is an approach that is emerging and ready to become established as a successful methodology in developing analogues of the original, pharmaceutically important, natural products obtained from the organisms. The current report highlights this succes by demonstrating the high-level production of novel anthracyclines. The biosynthetic pathways of the nogalamycin-producing Streptomyces nogalater and the aclacinomycin-producing S. galilaeus were combined by transferring the genes of S. nogalater polyketide synthetase into a nonproducing S. galilaeus mutant. The resulting anthracycline antibiotics that were produced possessed structural features characteristic of compounds from both of the undoctored Streptomycesstrains.
authors.affiliation: Galilaeus Oy, P.O. Box 113, 20781 Kaarina, Finland, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kunnari
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Ylihonko
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Klika
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Mäntsälä
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hakala
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D005285:Fermentation; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic