title: Impairment in eyeblink classical conditioning in adult rats exposed to ethanol as neonates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eyeblink classical conditioning is a learning task that engages well-defined neural circuitry in the cerebellum and brainstem. Binge-like exposure to alcohol during the neonatal brain growth spurt in rats produces neurotoxic effects on both the cerebellum and the brainstem. The precise localization of the neural substrates of eyeblink conditioning makes it an ideal task to study functional disruptions in the cerebellum and brainstem caused by early exposure to alcohol. The purpose of this study was to determine whether impairments in eyeblink conditioning caused by neonatal binge exposure to alcohol persist into adulthood, indicative of long-lasting abnormalities in cerebellar and brainstem function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group Ethanol received alcohol doses of 5.25 g/kg/day via intragastric intubation on postnatal days 4-9. Group Sham Intubated underwent the intragastric intubation procedures on postnatal days 4-9 but did not receive any infusions. Group Nonintubated did not receive any intubations. When all rats were at least 3 months old, they were tested in either paired or unpaired eyeblink conditioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group Ethanol showed impaired eyeblink conditioning and some abnormalities in conditioned response timing. Control groups did not differ from each other.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data indicate that early exposure to alcohol has long-term effects on eyeblink conditioning, perhaps through enduring effects associated with alcohol-induced loss of Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405-7007, USA. jtgreen@indiana.edu
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Goodlett
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Steinmetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001767:Blinking / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol