title: Cardiac infarcts increase sodium transporter transcripts (rBSC1) in the thick ascending limb of Henle.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enhanced expression of the kidney-specific sodium transporter, rBSC1, in the thick ascending limb of Henle (TAL) and of the renal water channel, aquaporin-2 (AQP2), in collecting duct has been identified in rats with congestive heart failure (CHF) as a cause for enhanced sodium and water retention in this condition. However, the mechanism of impaired urinary sodium excretion observed even in rats with mild cardiac dysfunction remains unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats with myocardial infarctions measuring 15 to 30% of the left ventricular circumference with no overt CHF were prepared. We measured the amount of rBSC1 or AQP2 mRNA using competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by inducing a point mutation at the middle of the PCR product for rBSC1 or by deleting 180 bp from the 760 bp PCR product for AQP2, respectively. The results were confirmed by in situ hybridization. rBSC1 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis using a specific antibody against rBSC1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although plasma renin activity was slightly elevated in rats with myocardial infarction (MI), no significant differences in lung weight or plasma concentrations for aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide were observed between control rats and MI rats. Competitive PCR showed a significant increase in rBSC1 mRNA in the renal outer medulla and cortex of MI rats, which was confirmed by in situ hybridization. However, the AQP2 mRNA of these rats remained unchanged throughout the kidney. Renin-angiotensin II blockade by oral captopril administration did not influence the alteration in rBSC1 mRNA induced by myocardial infarction. Immunohistochemistry and Western blots showed the enhanced expression of rBSC1 protein in TAL of rats with small to moderate cardiac infarcts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rBSC1 is up-regulated even in rats with small to moderate myocardial infarctions, which may enhance the sodium transport in the TAL in this pathophysiologic condition.
authors.affiliation: The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nogae
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michimata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D051403:Aquaporin 6; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism; D008138:Loop of Henle / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters
chemical_list: C496025:Aqp2 protein, rat; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D051403:Aquaporin 6; D020346:Aquaporins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters