title: Comparison of transvaginal sonography, saline infusion sonography, and hysteroscopy in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Saline infusion sonography (SIS) is a relatively new technique in the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of SIS with that of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in the detection of intracavitary abnormalities in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, consecutive premenopausal women who underwent a hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding also underwent TVS and SIS. The findings at TVS and SIS were compared with the hysteroscopic and histologic findings. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess the performance of endometrial thickness measured using TVS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two patients were included in the study. TVS demonstrated 60% sensitivity in directly visualizing intracavitary abnormalities and 93% specificity. The likelihood ratio of the presence of an intracavitary abnormality was 8, and the likelihood ratio of the absence of an intracavitary abnormality was 0.43. Defining an abnormality at TVS as direct visualization of an intracavitary abnormality or an endometrial thickness greater than 5 mm, TVS had an 85% sensitivity and a 21% specificity, with corresponding likelihood ratios of 1.1 and 0.71, respectively. For SIS, the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios of the presence and absence of intracavitary abnormalities were 88%, 95%, 10, and 0.13, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SIS is more accurate in the diagnosis of intracavitary abnormalities in premenopausal women than is TVS. An approach using endometrial thickness measurement by TVS and reserving SIS for patients who have an endometrial thickness greater than 5 mm or an intracavitary abnormality visualized by TVS would be the most effective method to reduce the number of hysteroscopies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sint Joseph Hospital, P.O. Box 7777, 5500 MB Veldhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Dijkhuizen
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Brölmann
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moret
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Heintz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017697:Premenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride