title: Laparoscopic management of traumatic ruptures of the diaphragm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a result of the relatively high frequency of high-speed accidents, diaphragmatic rupture is a diagnosis that is increasingly being established. Not all of these, usually multi-traumatized, patients are diagnosed as having diaphragmatic rupture immediately following the traumatic event--rather, an appreciable number of these injuries are not detected until some time later--often after a considerable delay. Most of the cases involve rupture of the left diaphragm, with most defects occurring in the region of the central tendon.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the course of the second half of the year 1998, we operated on three patients with left diaphragmatic rupture. Two of these patients were treated immediately following traumatization, while the third case was a 10-year-old rupture originally misdiagnosed as a para-esophageal hernia. In all three cases, we were able to reduce the hernia and close the diaphragmatic defect laparoscopically. In the case of the two patients with a fresh rupture, the post-operative course was unremarkable, while in the patient with the missed rupture, a serous pleural effusion requiring drainage occurred on the left side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, it would appear that in the case of an acute traumatic diaphragmatic rupture in particular, laparoscopic management, with its low level of traumatization and excellent access, offers a favorable alternative to conventional surgery. A point to be considered, however, is the fact that probably not every hospital will have the facilities for laparoscopic management available on a 24-h basis. In the case of longstanding ruptures, reduction of herniated bowel and treatment of the rupture will make considerable demands on the surgeon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Centre for Minimal Invasive Surgery, Academic Hospital Medical Highschool Hannover, Hanover Hospital, Germany. schneidersiloah@T-online.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamme
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheidbach
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delker-Wegener
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Köckerling
mesh_terms: D006549:Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011859:Radiography