title: Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  People with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation who have had a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke are at risk of recurrent stroke.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this review was to assess the effect of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention in people with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a previous transient ischaemic attack or ischaemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reviewer searched the Cochrane Stroke Group trials register and contacted trialists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised trials comparing an antiplatelet agent with placebo or open control in people with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a previous transient ischaemic attack or minor ischaemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  One reviewer extracted the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One trial was included, in which 300 milligrams of aspirin per day was compared with placebo. This review includes 404 aspirin-treated patients and 378 placebo patients in total. The mean follow-up was 2.3 years. No difference was shown between aspirin and placebo in the annual rate of all vascular events, including vascular death, recurrent stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and systemic embolism. The odds ratio was 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.63 to 1. 14, or 15% of those receiving aspirin versus 19% for those given placebo. Aspirin may prevent 40 vascular events (of all types) per 1000 patients treated for one year. There was a non-significant reduction in the risk of recurrent stroke from 12% to 10% per year (odds ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 1.24). The incidence of major bleeding events, requiring hospitalisation, blood transfusion or surgical treatment, was low (0.9% per year for aspirin versus 0.7% for placebo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aspirin may reduce the risk of vascular events in people with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, but the effect shown in the single trial was not statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Rotterdam, 40 Dr Molewaterplein, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3015 GD. koudstaal@neur.azr.nl
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Koudstaal
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors