title: Human recombinant tissue transglutaminase ELISA: an innovative diagnostic assay for celiac disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tissue transglutaminase is the autoantigen recognized by the sera of celiac patients. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on guinea-pig tissue transglutaminase was recently used to measure serum tissue transglutaminase antibodies for the diagnosis of celiac disease. We determine the sensitivity and specificity of an ELISA test based on the use of human recombinant transglutaminase, compared with the guinea pig transglutaminase ELISA and IgA antiendomysium antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were tested from 65 patients with intestinal biopsy proven celiac disease, from 10 patients with Crohn's disease, and from 150 healthy blood donors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human transglutaminase ELISA identified 64 of 65 celiac patients, whereas the guinea pig transglutaminase ELISA and IgA antiendomysium antibodies identified 58 of 65 and 60 of 65 subjects, respectively. The three tests showed comparable specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results proved that the human tissue transglutaminase-based ELISA represents a cost-effective strategy for identifying both symptomatic and atypical forms of celiac disease and could mean that intestinal biopsy need no longer be the gold standard for diagnosing this clinical condition. Furthermore, early identification and treatment of patients with celiac disease in an outpatient setting could have significant implications for reducing long-term morbidity and can produce major savings in future health care costs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sblattero
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trevisiol
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marzari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tommasini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fasano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Not
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011503:Transglutaminases