title: The effect of long-term, non-suppressive levothyroxine treatment on quantitative ultrasonometry of bone in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of long-term, non-suppressive levothyroxine (L-T(4)) treatment on quantitative ultrasonometry in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Altogether 667 women (mean age+/-s.d., 49.5+/-13.1 years) were studied. Of these, 156 (23%) had non-toxic goitre or hypothyroidism and had been taking L-T(4) (75-100 microg/day) for at least 5 years (mean+/-s.d., 12.5+/-7.5 years); the remaining 511 (77%) women were not receiving L-T(4). All women had completed a questionnaire on risk factors for thyroid dysfunction and osteoporosis, and those with diseases or treatments known to effect bone metabolism - other than thyroxine or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) - were excluded. Women underwent quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) at the heel. Speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and the stiffness index (SI) were compared, first, in all women taking L-T(4) and controls and, secondly, in women taking L-T(4) and controls pair-matched for age, weight, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status and HRT use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Even after matching for age, weight, BMI, menopausal and HRT status, women taking L-T(4) had significantly lower values for SOS and SI (P<0.05), but not for BUA. However, absolute T- and Z-scores for SI were not low in either the study or control groups. Lower values were associated, but not significantly so, with years since the menopause and duration of L-T(4) treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term, non-suppressive L-T(4) treatment in women with goitre or hypothyroidism was associated with a slight reduction in QUS values, which was more pronounced in postmenopausal women. This group could be at higher risk for osteoporotic fracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Endocrinology, Philipps University Marburg, Pilgrimstein 3, D-35037 Marburg, Germany. peyman.hadji@t-online.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hadji
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hars
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emons
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects*; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013974:Thyroxine