title: Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis after shower/bath exposure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis (PF) can develop after exposure to contaminated water in heated swimming pools, whirlpools, and hot-tubes, or after diving suit dressing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We observed and studied 14 cases of PF after shower/bath exposure, an underestimated pathogenic event. Cutaneous and environmental microbiological evaluations were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our cases, the clinical expression of dermatitis was constant, PF being a clinically well recognizable skin infection, presenting with follicular, macular, and papulopustular lesions located on the lateral aspect of the trunk, axillary folds, hips, buttocks, and suprapubic area. In all cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from lesional skin; seven cases were serotyped revealing, in three cases, serotype 0 : 1, in two cases 0 : 8, in one case 0 : 10, and in one case 0 : 11. In three families, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in the well water. In a further three families, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from bathroom and kitchen components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our experience, we suggest that shower/bath exposure should be definitively included amongst the possible pathogenic events causing PF. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for a number of clinical pictures, e.g. otitis externa, conjunctivitis, toe web intertrigo, green nail syndrome, infection of burns and wounds, and folliculitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis (PF) has been reported to develop as a consequence of exposure to contaminated water in heated swimming pools, whirlpools, and hot-tubes, or related to diving suits and leg waxing.1-4 We observed 14 cases of PF after shower/bath exposure. This is probably an underestimated pathogenic event; to our knowledge, only one case has been reported to date.5 In our patients, the clinical expression of dermatitis was constant, PF being a clinically well recognizable skin condition.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology and Microbiology, S. Antonio Abate Hospital, Trapani, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zichichi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Noto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001494:Baths / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003902:Detergents; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005499:Folliculitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009824:Ointments; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003902:Detergents; D005839:Gentamicins; D009824:Ointments; D002710:Chlorhexidine