title: Comparison of clinical signs and hemodynamic variables used to monitor rabbits during halothane- and isoflurane-induced anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize variables used to monitor rabbits during inhalation anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 male New Zealand White rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbits were similarly anesthetized with halothane (HAL) or isoflurane (ISO) in a crossover study; half received HAL followed by ISO, and the protocol was reversed for the remaining rabbits. After induction, minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) was determined for each agent, using the tail-clamp method, and variables were recorded at 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 MAC (order randomized).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SEM MAC was 1.42 +/- 0.05 and 2.07 +/- 0.09% for HAL and ISO, respectively. Directly measured auricular mean arterial blood pressure was 52.8 +/- 5.6 and 54.8 +/- 6.1 mm Hg at 0.8 MAC for HAL and ISO, respectively, and decreased from these values in a parallel dose-dependent manner. Respiratory frequency remained constant (range, 69 to 78 breaths/min) over the range of HAL doses but incrementally decreased from a mean of 53 (at 0.8 MAC) to 32 breaths/min (at 2.0 MAC) for ISO. The PaCO2 was similar at 0.8 MAC for HAL and ISO and progressively increased with increasing doses of both agents; PaCO2 at 2.0 MAC for ISO was significantly greater than that at 2.0 MAC for HAL (79.8 +/- 13.7 vs 54.9 +/- 4.0 mm Hg, respectively). Eyelid aperture consistently increased in a dose-dependent manner for both anesthetics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arterial blood pressure, PaCO2, and eyelid aperture consistently and predictably changed in rabbits in response to changes in anesthetic doses. The magnitude of respiratory depression was greater for ISO than for HAL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Steffey
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ilkiw
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Farver
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011817:Rabbits; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007530:Isoflurane; D010100:Oxygen; D006221:Halothane