title: [Can Helicobacter pylori infection be a risk factor for the severity of rheumatoid arthritis?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study we assessed the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to show a possible pathogenetic role of the infection in this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 31 patients with variable RA activity. Of them, 15 were Hp-positive (12 F and 3 M, mean age 55 +/- 10.6 years) and 16 Hp-negative (13 F and 3 M, mean age 54.2 +/- 9.1 years) on the basis of the concomitant positive or negative findings of both CLO-test and histology performed on both antral and corpus biopsies. The infected group was treated and the bacterium was considered eradicated when both tests were negative a month after therapy. We have evaluated the disease activity at baseline and during a total follow-up period of 16 months with check-points every 4-months and compared clinical and laboratory findings between the Hp-negative and the eradicated groups. Both groups were being treated with NSAIDs and prednisolone (< or = 7.5 mg/die) or its equivalents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hp-eradicated RA patients showed a progressive improvement overtime (p = 0.0009) of all clinical indices compared with baseline, while Hp-negative RA patients did not. At the 16-month checkpoint, the eradicated RA patients differed significantly (p < 0.006) from patients without Hp infection by all indices, except grip strength of the hands. Also all laboratory data improved significantly from baseline to the 16 month checkpoint (p < 0.03) within the Hp-eradicated group and between the two groups of eradicated and Hp-negative RA patients (p < 0.0007) except for Hb, aCL IgM and gamma-globulins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that Hp infection is implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. On the basis of our data, the eradication of Hp should be recommended in infected RA patients.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università, Genova.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zentilin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garnero
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tessieri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dulbecco
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seriolo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rovida
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Savarino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors