title: 4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dyes modified for extended conjugation and restricted bond rotations.
abstract: Five new, constrained, aryl-substituted 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dyes (3f,g and 4h-j) were prepared and investigated to see if they have more favorable fluorescence characteristics than the unconstrained systems 2 that were prepared in previous studies. Dye types 3 and 4 have relatively rigid conformations caused by the heteroatom (3f and 3g) or ethylene bridge (4h-j) linkers that preclude free rotation of the substituted-benzene molecular fragments. In the event, the new dye types 3 and 4 have longer lambda(max abs) (620-660 nm) and lambda(max)(fluor) (630-680 nm) values than compounds 2. They also exhibit higher extinction coefficients (>100 000 M(-1) cm(-1), except for 3g). Their fluorescent quantum yields are high (up to 0.72 for 4j), with the exception of compound 3g, which has a quantum yield of only 0.05. The redox properties of dyes 3 and 4 have also been examined.
authors.affiliation: Texas A & M University, Chemistry Department, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burghart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Derecskei-Kovacs
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burgess
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: C095489:4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene; D001896:Boron Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D011758:Pyrroles