title: Appropriate timing of the 14C-urea breath test to establish eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the performance characteristics of the 14C-urea breath test (UBT) performed 2 wk after the completion of therapy for Helicobacter pylori using a 4 to 6 wk study as the gold standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with active Helicobacter pylori infection at four medical centers received proton pump inhibitor-based triple or quadruple therapy for 10-14 days. Patients underwent the 14C-UBT 2 and 4-6 wk after the completion of therapy. A positive test was defined as 14CO2 excretion of >200 dpm, a negative test as <50 dpm, and an equivocal test as >50 but <200 dpm. Performance characteristics of the 2-wk UBT were calculated using the 4 to 6-wk result as a gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-five patients were enrolled and 82 patients (mean +/- SD age, 62 +/- 15 yr; 15 women) completed the protocol. Four patients had equivocal UBT results and were excluded from the analysis. Of the 78 patients, 68 (87%) had a negative 4 to 6-wk UBT. The 2-week UBT yielded a sensitivity of 90% (95% confidence interval 72-100%), specificity of 99% (97-100%), and accuracy of 97% (93-100%). In patients with a persistently positive UBT, 14CO2 excretion at 2 wk was significantly lower than at 4-6 wk after therapy (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A UBT performed 2 wk after therapy yielded results comparable to 4 to 6 wk testing. Further studies to evaluate the optimal time of confirmatory testing in the age of more effective proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Chey
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kearney
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montague
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D001944:Breath Tests; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014508:Urea
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D014508:Urea