title: Subcellular localization of Dna-initiation proteins of Bacillus subtilis: evidence that chromosome replication begins at either edge of the nucleoids.
abstract: We examined the intracellular distribution of Bacillus subtilis Dna-initiation proteins by immunofluorescence microscopy to visualize the initiation complex of replication in vivo. DnaA was distributed throughout the cytoplasm, but both DnaB and DnaI were always detected as foci during the cell-division cycle. Interaction of DnaI with the DnaC helicase by the yeast two-hybrid assay suggests that DnaI acts as a helicase loader. The number of DnaB and DnaI foci within the cell exceeded that of oriC. Although the foci were not always co-localized with oriC, they seemed to be localized near the outer or inner edges of the nucleoids at initiation of replication. When the replication cycle was synchronized in cells using a temperature-sensitive dnaA mutant, duplication of the oriC region was observed predominantly near an edge of the nucleoid. Before initiation occurred, each one of the DnaB and DnaI foci was frequently observed near there. Furthermore, DnaX-GFP (DnaX is a component of DNA polymerase III) foci were detected near either of the edges of the nucleoids at the onset of replication. These results suggest that the replisome is recruited into oriC near either edge of the nucleoids to initiate chromosome replication in B. subtilis.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ishigo-Oka
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kadoya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daito
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moriya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004258:DNA Polymerase III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053488:DnaB Helicases; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis; D011817:Rabbits; D018741:Replication Origin; D013347:Subcellular Fractions; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C066312:DnaA protein, Bacteria; C103076:DnaX protein, Bacteria; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D004258:DNA Polymerase III; D004265:DNA Helicases; D053488:DnaB Helicases