title: Framing of outcome and probability of recurrence: breast cancer patients' choice of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in hypothetical patient scenarios.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of framing of outcome and probabilities of cancer occurrence on the treatment preference which breast cancer patients indicate for hypothetical patient scenarios.
  
  
  METHODS
  A modified version of the Decision Board Instrument (Levine et al. 1992) was administered to 35 breast cancer patients with past ACT experience. Patients expressed their choice regarding ACT for six scenarios which were characterized by either negative or positive framing of outcome and by one of the three levels of probability of recurrence (high, medium, low).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The framing had no influence on ACT choices over all three probability levels. The majority chose ACT for high and medium risk and one third switched from ACT to No ACT in the low-risk condition. This switch was statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypothetical treatment decisions against ACT occur only when the probability of recurrence is low and the benefit of ACT is small. This finding for patients with past experience of ACT is similar to those reported for other oncological patient groups still in treatment.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica, Servizio di Psicologia Medica, Università di Verona, Italy. christa@borgoroma.univr.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baldo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003657:Decision Making; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011336:Probability