title: Gender differences in the cardiovascular responses to morphine and naloxone in spinal rats.
abstract: Putative gender differences in opiate cardiovascular effects were evaluated in spinal rats. After a 4-h exposure to a single dose of morphine (30 mg/kg, i.v.), abstinence was precipitated by naloxone (0.03-3 mg/kg, i.v.). Morphine produced a long-lasting bradycardia and a transient increase in arterial pressure that was similar in both genders. Thereafter, blood pressure decreased both in males and females. Naloxone precipitated a similar dose-dependent heart rate increase in both sexes and a gender-dependent increase in blood pressure. This sex difference appeared in the shape of the response. Prazosin (0.2 mg/kg), prior to naloxone, reduced the pressor response in all animals, suggesting a similar participation of the noradrenergic system in both genders. The present results extend to acute dependence the notion of a sex-dependent differential effect of morphine. The need to consider gender as a factor when studying the effects of opioids is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Cinvestav, IPN, Apartado Postal 22026, 14000, D.F., Mexico City, Mexico. jcmolcruz@compuserve.com.mx
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Manzo
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000503:physiopathology; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine; D011224:Prazosin