title: Isolation and characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains from aquatic environments in Spain.
abstract: Samples collected from aquatic environments from Spain were analyzed for the occurrence and dipteran toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis. From a total of 41 samples, 122 isolates were obtained, yielding a B. thuringiensis index of 0.22. Isolates were assigned to 13 different serovars, with serovar thuringiensis (serotype H1) the most frequently found. Toxicity tests carried out revealed that eight isolates (6.6% out of the total) were active against Tipula oleracea larvae. Serological tests assigned these toxic isolates to serovar thuringiensis. The toxicity found in these isolates against the tipulid was approximately seven times lower than that shown by the standard strain B. thuringiensis ser. israelensis IPS-82. Implication of Cry2A protein in toxic activity is hypothesized.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iriarte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porcar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lecadet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caballero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis; D004175:Diptera; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007814:Larva; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010957:Plasmids / Q000032:analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013030:Spain; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins