title: MspI polymorphism at +83 bp in intron 1 of the human apolipoprotein A1 gene is associated with elevated levels of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 in nondiabetic subjects but not in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elevated HDL cholesterol and its principal carrier protein apolipoprotein a1 [apo(a1)] are associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). No studies are available on the impact of the -75-bp and/or +83-bp polymorphisms of the apo(a1) gene on HDL cholesterol and apo(a1) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined the prevalence of the: -75-bp and +83-bp polymorphisms of the apo(a1) gene by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis among 308 unrelated nondiabetic subjects with CHD and among 251 unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes with CHD and in randomly selected 82 healthy men (CHD-).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rare M1- and M2- allele frequencies of the apo(a1) gene were 23 and 1.8%, respectively, among control subjects; 20 and 1.5%, respectively, among nondiabetic subjects with CHD; and 22 and 2.6%, respectively, among patients with type 2 diabetes and CHD (NS). Nonsmoking nondiabetic subjects with CHD having the M2+- genotype had higher HDL cholesterol (1.48 +/- 0.19 vs. 1.23 +/- 0.02 mmol/l, P < 0.01) and apo(a1) (1.43 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.36 +/- 0.02 g/l, P < 0.05) levels than subjects with the M2++ genotype, even after adjustment for confounding factors. This association was not found among patients with type 2 diabetes and CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the +83-bp polymorphism of the apo(a1) gene is associated with elevated HDL cholesterol and apo(a1) levels in Finnish nondiabetic subjects but not in patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pulkkinen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viitanen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kareinen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
mesh_terms: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019003:Deoxyribonuclease HpaII; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D019003:Deoxyribonuclease HpaII