title: Characteristics of participants who stop smoking and sustain abstinence for 1 and 5 years in the Lung Health Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study describes baseline and Year 1 predictors of abstinence from smoking for the 3,523 intervention participants who had complete annual 5-year follow-up data in the Lung Health Study (LHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The LHS enrolled 5,887 smokers, aged 35 to 60 years, of whom 3,923 were offered a cessation intervention. Of these, 22% achieved biochemically verified abstinence for 5 years. Logistic regressions were performed. The first outcome variable was abstinence from smoking at 1 year. Then for those who were quit at 1 year, the outcome variable was 5 years of sustained abstinence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants who were not using nicotine gum after 1 year in the study were more likely to sustain cessation over 5 years than were gum users at year 1 (OR ranged from 0.31 to 0.44 for four age- and sex-specific groups). Baseline number of previous quit attempts was negatively associated with 5-year quitting success among younger and older men (OR = 0.82 and 0.83). Older participants who were less likely to associate smoking with emotional coping had higher abstinence rates at 5 years of follow-up (OR = 0.89 and 0.84).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different mechanisms may be responsible for achieving cessation in age/gender groups. These results have implications for planning successful interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. rmurray@hsc.mb.ca
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Gerald
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Connett
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Anthonisen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008350:Manitoba / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data