title: Administration of a targeted cytotoxic analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone inhibits growth of estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 human breast cancers in nude mice.
abstract: Receptor targeted chemotherapy is less toxic and more effective than conventional chemotherapy. Receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) are found in about 50% of human breast cancers. Highly potent cytotoxic radical 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin (AN-201) was linked to the agonistic analog [D-Lys6]LH-RH to form cytotoxic LH-RH analog AN-207. We evaluated whether AN-207 could be targeted to the hormone-independent MDA-MB-231 human breast cancers. Nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumors were injected i.v. with 250 nmol/kg doses of cytotoxic radical AN-201, cytotoxic LH-RH analog AN-207, the unconjugated mixture of AN-201 and carrier [D-Lys6]LH-RH, [D-Lys6]LH-RH alone and vehicle (control). The growth of MDA-MB-231 tumors in animals given a single dose of AN-207 was inhibited significantly (p = 0.01) for 3 weeks after injection, whereas tumors in all the other groups grew steadily. All cytotoxic compounds produced leukopenia, but the strongest lymphocyte suppression was caused by cytotoxic radical AN-201. Three weeks after treatment, the presence of mRNA for LH-RH receptors was demonstrated by RT-PCR in all the groups and radioreceptor assays demonstrated high-affinity binding sites for LH-RH on tumor cell membranes of control animals and those treated with AN-201, the carrier peptide alone or in combination with AN-201. At this time point binding assays did not reveal the expression of membrane proteins in tumors treated with AN-207, but 60 days after administration of AN-207, high affinity LH-RH binding sites were found again in MDA-MB-231 tumors. These results indicate that cytotoxic LH-RH analog AN-207 could be utilized for receptor targeted chemotherapy of breast cancers expressing receptors for LH-RH.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kahán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Arencibia
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017931:DNA Primers; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; C098751:AN 204; C104648:AN 207; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004317:Doxorubicin