title: The nuclear corepressors recognize distinct nuclear receptor complexes.
abstract: The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) isoforms have the capacity to silence gene expression in the absence of their ligands on target response elements. This active repression is mediated by the ability of the corepressors, nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) and silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT), to recruit a complex containing histone deacetylase activity. Interestingly, NCoR and SMRT share significant differences in the their two nuclear receptor-interacting domains (IDs), suggesting that they may recruit receptors with different affinities. In addition, the role of the receptor complex bound to a response element has not been fully evaluated in its ability to recruit separate corepressors. We demonstrate in this report that the proximal ID in NCoR and SMRT, which share only 23% homology, allows preferential recognition of nuclear receptors, such that TR prefers to recruit NCoR, and RAR prefers to recruit SMRT, to DNA response elements. However, mutations in the TR found in the syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone can change the corepressor recruited by changing the complex (homodimer or heterodimer) formed on the TRE. These results demonstrate that the corepressor complex recruited can be both nuclear receptor- and receptor complex-specific.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Putney
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Wondisford
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Hollenberg
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020218:Response Elements; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D018382:Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005982:Glutathione Transferase