title: Enhanced metabolism of halogenated hydrocarbons in transgenic plants containing mammalian cytochrome P450 2E1.
abstract: Chlorinated solvents, especially trichloroethylene (TCE), are the most widespread groundwater contaminants in the United States. Existing methods of pumping and treating are expensive and laborious. Phytoremediation, the use of plants for remediation of soil and groundwater pollution, is less expensive and has low maintenance; however, it requires large land areas and there are a limited number of suitable plants that are known to combine adaptation to a particular environment with efficient metabolism of the contaminant. In this work, we have engineered plants with a profound increase in metabolism of the most common contaminant, TCE, by introducing the mammalian cytochrome P450 2E1. This enzyme oxidizes a wide range of important pollutants, including TCE, ethylene dibromide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and vinyl chloride. The transgenic plants had a dramatic enhancement in metabolism of TCE of up to 640-fold as compared with null vector control plants. The transgenic plants also showed an increased uptake and debromination of ethylene dibromide. Therefore, transgenic plants with this enzyme could be used for more efficient remediation of many sites contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Box 357350, and College of Forest Resources, Box 352100, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Doty
authors.forename: T Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tangen
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Westergreen
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015946:Ethylene Dibromide / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000378:metabolism*; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015946:Ethylene Dibromide; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1