title: Eating disorders in adolescent females with and without type 1 diabetes: cross sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of eating disorders in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with that in their non-diabetic peers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional case-control led study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes clinics and schools in three Canadian cities.
  
  
  METHODS
  356 females aged 12-19 with type 1 diabetes and 1098 age matched non-diabetic controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eating disorders meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eating disorders that met DSM-IV criteria were more prevalent in diabetic subjects (36, 10%) than in non-diabetic controls (49, 4%) (odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 3.7; P<0.001). Subthreshold eating disorders were also more common in those with diabetes (49, 14%) than in controls (84, 8%) (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 2.8; P<0.001). Mean haemoglobin A(1c) concentration was higher in diabetic subjects with an eating disorder (9.4% (1.8)) than in those without (8.6% (1.6)), P=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DSM-IV and subthreshold eating disorders are almost twice as common in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes as in their non-diabetic peers. In diabetic subjects, eating disorders are associated with insulin omission for weight loss and impaired metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2CA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daneman
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Olmsted
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin