title: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease and passive smoking.
abstract: We carried out a case-control study with 90 patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and 183 normal children, as controls, selected at random to determine whether the condition of passive smoking is related to the disease. Seventy-one of 90 of the LCPD group (78.9%) were passive smokers. Only 79 of 183 (43.2%) in the control group were passive smokers (p = 0.00000). We did not find any statistical relationship between passive smoking and evolution of the condition (p = 0.42883), Catterall extension (p = 0.60544), final Stulberg result (p = 0.53201), or presence of sequelae (p = 0.53256). We also could not find any statistical difference between ages (p = 0.18). The odds ratio was 5.3203 (95% confidence interval 2.92-9.69). The association between LCPD and passive smoking, after controlling for age and gender, became significant (p = 0.0000). Thus the risk of LCPD in passive smoking children is more than five times higher than in children who are not exposed to smoke. It seems that passive smoking is a factor directly or indirectly associated with LCPD.
authors.affiliation: Trauma and Orthopaedic Department, Virgen del Camino Hospital-Clínica Ubarmin, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García Mata
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ardanaz Aicua
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hidalgo Ovejero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinez Grande
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D007873:Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution