title: Extensive methylation of a part of the CpG island located 3.0-4.5 kbp upstream to the chicken alpha-globin gene cluster may contribute to silencing the globin genes in non-erythroid cells.
abstract: Here, we show that in the chicken genome, the domain of alpha-globin genes is preceded by a CpG island of which the downstream part ( approximately 0.65 kbp) is heavily methylated in lymphoid cells; it is either non-methylated or undermethylated in erythroid cells. Recombinant plasmids were constructed with the corresponding DNA fragment (called "uCpG") placed upstream to a reporter CAT gene expressed from the promoter of the alpha(D) chicken globin gene. Selective methylation of CpG dinucleotides within the uCpG fragment suppressed fivefold the expression of the CAT gene, when neither this gene itself nor the alpha(D) promoter were methylated. Methylation of CpG dinucleotides within the alpha(D) gene promoter did not modify the suppression effect exerted by methylated uCpG. We interpret these results within the frame of the hypothesis postulating, that methylation of the upstream CpG island of the chicken alpha-globin gene domain may play an essential role in silencing the alpha-globin genes in non-erythroid cells.
authors.affiliation: Institut J. Monod CNRS/Université Paris 7;, 2 Place Jussieu-tour 43, Paris, Cedex 05, 75251, France.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Razin
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ioudinkova
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scherrer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D020868:Gene Silencing; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005914:Globins; D004247:DNA; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific