title: [Prevalence of cardial or fundic mucosa and Helicobacter pylori in the squamous-columnar mucosa in patients with chronic patological gastroesophageal reflux without intestinal metaplasia comparated with controls].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mucosa distal to the endoscopic mucosal change zone can have easily diagnosed early alterations, in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the type of mucosa existent in the zone distal to the squamous-columnar junction in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux without intestinal metaplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty four controls and 208 patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux lasting two years were studied. Forty three of these patients had a normal endoscopy, 54 had an erosive esophagitis and 111 had a short columnar epithelium covering the distal esophagus, without intestinal metaplasia. In all subjects, four biopsies were obtained from a zone distal to the squamous-columnar junction and two from the distal gastric antrum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 59% of control subjects, fundic mucosa was present in the zone distal to the squamous-columnar junction. Cardial mucosa was present in the rest. In patient with chronic gastroesophageal reflux, cardial mucosa was predominant. Helicobacter pylorii infection decreased along with increasing extension of cardial mucosa covering the distal esophagus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux there is a metaplasia of fundic mucosa towards cardial mucosa. On the other hand, Helicobacter pylorii infection decreases gradually.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía y Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csendes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smok
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burdiles
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Korn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000209:etiology*; D001706:Biopsy; D002299:Cardia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies