title: Analytical scale ultrasonic standing wave manipulation of cells and microparticles.
abstract: The ultrasonic standing-wave manipulation of suspended eukaryotic cells, bacteria and submicron latex or silica particles has been examined here. The different systems, involving plane or tubular ultrasonic transducers and a range of acoustic pathlengths, have been designed to treat suspension volumes of analytical scale i.e. 5 ml to 50 microliters for both sample batch and 'on-line' situations. Frequencies range from 1 to 12 MHz. The influence of secondary cell-cell interaction forces in determining the cell concentration dependence of harvesting efficiency in batch sedimentation systems is considered. Applications of standing wave radiation forces to (1) clarify cell suspensions, (2) enhance particle agglutination immunoassay detection of cells or cellular products and (3) examine and enhance cell-cell interactions in suspension are described.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, UK. coakley@cf.ac.uk
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Coakley
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hawkes
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sobanski
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cousins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spengler
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000166:cytology; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests / Q000379:methods; D010956:Plasmapheresis / Q000379:methods; D013535:Suspensions; D014159:Transducers; D014465:Ultrasonics; D015003:Yeasts / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D013535:Suspensions