title: Serum electrolytes in hospitalized pellagra alcoholics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Owing to high diarrhoea and protein malnutrition frequencies in pellagra, we hypothesised that pellagra patients would have higher electrolyte disturbances than non-pellagra alcoholics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare serum electrolytes of hospitalised alcoholics with or without pellagra.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective and descriptive case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Internal Medicine wards at a University Hospital, Medical School of Uberaba, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed to obtain relevant clinical details, main diagnosis and laboratory data, including serum electrolytes on hospital admission of pellagra patients (n=33) and a randomly chosen control group of alcoholics (n=37), matched in age, gender and socio-economic status. Anaemia was ascertained by haemoglobin <12.5 g/dl (men) and 1.5 g/dl (women), and hypoalbuminemia by serum albumin <3.3 g/dl.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pellagra and controls showed similar age (39.4+/-13.1 vs 45.0+/-11.4 years) and a male predominance of gender (69.7 vs 78.4%), and similar associated diagnoses, including high blood pressure (21.2 vs 16.2%), peripheral neuropathy (12.1 vs 13. 5%), and pneumonia (9.1 vs 13.5%). Despite displaying similar serum sodium (136.6+/-6.1 vs 137.8+/-5.7 mEq/I), magnesium (1.72+/-0.74 vs 1.62+/-0.34 mg/dl), phosphorus (3.79+/-0.87 vs 3.87+/-0.78 mEq/1) than controls,in addition to higher hypoalbuminemia (76.2 vs 33%) and anaemia (60.6 vs 35.1%) frequencies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher anaemia and hypoalbuminemia frequencies associated with lower serum potassium levels suggest increased protein malnutrition prevalence among pellagrins.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Uberaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Cunha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010383:Pellagra / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000172:deficiency; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D012709:Serum Albumin; D010758:Phosphorus; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium