title: Expression of p53 protein in oral submucous fibrosis, oral epithelial hyperkeratosis, and oral epithelial dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In our previous study, positive p53 staining was observed in 47 of 81 (58%) cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with areca quid (AQ) chewing and cigarette smoking. This study looked for expression of p53 protein in premalignant oral lesions in patients who chewed AQ or smoked cigarettes, or both.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of p53 protein was examined in histologic sections of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF, n = 50), epithelial hyperkeratosis (EH, n = 10), epithelial dysplasia (ED, n = 10), and normal oral mucosa (NOM, n = 10) with antibodies against p53 protein using an immunoperoxidase technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive p53 staining was observed in 30 (60%) OSF specimens, four (40%) EH specimens, seven (70%) ED specimens, and none of the NOM specimens. Only four (8%) of the OSF specimens and none of the EH specimens had more than 25% p53-positive keratinocytes. However, in four (40%) of the ED specimens, more than 50% of the keratinocytes were p53-positive. The degree of p53 staining increased with the morphologic transformation of normal-appearing epithelial cells into dysplastic epithelial cells. There was no significant correlation between expression of p53 in OSF epithelium and the clinicohistologic parameters of patients with OSF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that p53 is often present in precancerous lesions of patients who chew AQ and smoke cigarettes. We suggest that p53 may play a role in dysplastic cell transformation in premalignant oral lesions.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001114:Areca; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000737:chemistry*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53