title: Notch signaling is essential for vascular morphogenesis in mice.
abstract: The Notch gene family encodes large transmembrane receptors that are components of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling mechanism. To assess the role of the Notch4 gene, we generated Notch4-deficient mice by gene targeting. Embryos homozygous for this mutation developed normally, and homozygous mutant adults were viable and fertile. However, the Notch4 mutation displayed genetic interactions with a targeted mutation of the related Notch1 gene. Embryos homozygous for mutations of both the Notch4 and Notch1 genes often displayed a more severe phenotype than Notch1 homozygous mutant embryos. Both Notch1 mutant and Notch1/Notch4 double mutant embryos displayed severe defects in angiogenic vascular remodeling. Analysis of the expression patterns of genes encoding ligands for Notch family receptors indicated that only the Dll4 gene is expressed in a pattern consistent with that expected for a gene encoding a ligand for the Notch1 and Notch4 receptors in the early embryonic vasculature. These results reveal an essential role for the Notch signaling pathway in regulating embryonic vascular morphogenesis and remodeling, and indicate that whereas the Notch4 gene is not essential during embryonic development, the Notch4 and Notch1 genes have partially overlapping roles during embryogenesis in mice.
authors.affiliation: The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609 USA.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Shutter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maguire
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sundberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gallahan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Closson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kitajewski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gridley
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000196:embryology*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D006720:Homozygote; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009024:Morphogenesis; D016296:Mutagenesis; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D000074562:Receptor, Notch4; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C106075:NOTCH4 protein, human; C497762:Notch1 protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D000074562:Receptor, Notch4; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D014157:Transcription Factors; C064045:delta protein; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor