title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus masking primary antibody deficiency.
abstract: A patient with a history of recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections, nephrotic syndrome, and an established diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was found to have unsuspected and unrecognised primary immunodeficiency. On review of the case, previous investigations pointed to the correct diagnosis over 10 years earlier. This combination of diagnoses has not previously been reported. The patient is now well on replacement intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, urinary loss of IgG having been specifically excluded before treatment. This case highlights how antibody deficiency can easily be missed despite an obvious infection history unless results are interpreted carefully and in context.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Virgo
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Unsworth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous