title: Progressive and transient expression of tissue plasminogen activator during fetal development.
abstract: In previous studies of the role of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the lung inflammatory response, we observed that tPA expression was present exclusively in the small arteries and arterioles within the lung and absent from the capillaries, veins, and large pulmonary arteries. To define more completely the expression pattern of tPA, we evaluated the distribution of this protein during prenatal and postnatal development. tPA was first observed in the rat fetus at day 13 in the large arteries of both the thoracic and cranial cavities, including the dorsal aortas and pulmonary arteries in the former and the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries in the latter. By day 15, tPA was no longer detectable in the aortas but appeared throughout the pulmonary, subclavian, vertebral, and basilar arteries. At day 17, tPA had disappeared from the subclavian artery and the proximal portion of the vertebral artery but was found in the smaller arterial branches of these 2 large vessels. By the end of gestation, tPA had also disappeared from the main pulmonary arteries but remained in the branches at the hilus of the lung. At birth, tPA was concentrated in the endothelia of arteries within the pia mater, the basilar and superficial cerebral arteries, and the lung arterial system. As the animals reached maturity, tPA disappeared from the larger cerebral arteries and their cortical branches but continued to be expressed in the vessels of the pia mater and lung. This study indicates that tPA expression is a dynamic process that responds to a changing arterial environment during vascular development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. glevin@scripps.edu
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Banka
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Parry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology; D001158:Arteries / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000196:embryology; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply / Q000196:embryology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator