title: Determination of duration of immunity of calves vaccinated with the Theileria annulata schizont cell culture vaccine.
abstract: Bovine tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata is a serious haemoprotozoan disease of cattle affecting exotic cattle, their crossbreeds and young indigenous calves. Cell culture vaccines have been developed and used effectively in various countries for the control of this disease. However, the duration of immunity provided by these vaccines is poorly understood. The present experiments were planned to study the duration of immunity in animals after vaccination with the T. annulata (Hisar) schizont cell culture vaccine. Two groups of calves were vaccinated and challenged after a period of 3 and 6 months, respectively. There was no fever in any of the vaccinated calves after challenge. However, the vaccinated animals exhibited mild to moderate enlargement of lymph nodes and parasitological reactions. The parasitological reactions were very mild in calves challenged after 3 months and moderate in calves challenged after 6 months. There was a mild but significant decrease in the haematological values of calves after challenge. A significant rise in the anti-theilerial antibody titres was observed in all calves after vaccination, which increased further, by many folds after challenge. On the other hand, all the challenge control calves showed symptoms of acute theileriosis and died. The observations suggested that the T. annulata (Hisar) schizont cell culture vaccine provided immunity in vaccinated animals for at least 6 months in the absence of field tick challenge. However, there was some decline in immunity after 6 months, if the animals are not exposed to ticks during this period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Beniwal
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nichani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D016796:Theileria annulata / Q000276:immunology*; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines