title: Early myeloid cells are high producers of nitric oxide upon CD40 plus IFN-gamma stimulation through a mechanism dependent on endogenous TNF-alpha and IL-1alpha.
abstract: Bone marrow contains nonadherent low-density wheat germ agglutinin-positive (Fr3-WGA(+)) cells that release large amounts of NO and show natural suppressor activity if stimulated with activated T cells. We have assessed the involvement of CD40-derived signals in NO production and their cytokine requirements. Production of NO by Fr3-WGA(+) cells in co-culture with activated T cells is inhibited by a competing CD40 soluble fusion protein. Fr3-WGA(+) cells express the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and release NO following CD40 plus IFN-gamma activation. Production of NO through CD40 is strictly dependent on endogenous TNF-alpha and / or IL-1alpha, since it is inhibited by neutralizing these cytokines or blocking the TNF receptor (p55). Both cytokines are transcribed when Fr3-WGA(+) cells are stimulated by CD40 signaling plus IFN-gamma, although TNF-alpha remains below detection limits in stimulated Fr3-WGA(+) cell cultures. Phenotypic studies combined with data on intracellular iNOS expression and cell sorting indicate that NO-producing cells are CD40, CD31 (ER-MP12), CD11b (Mac-1)low, ER-MP20 (Ly-6C) and Gr-1 (Ly-6G) positive, consistent with myeloid progenitors. The results point to early myeloid cells as an important cell source of NO once triggered by activated T cells through CD40 and IFN-gamma-derived signals, in a mechanism involving the production of TNF-alpha and / or IL-1alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Angulo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rullas
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Campillo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Obregón
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernández
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Subiza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma