title: Hypo-osmolar oral rehydration salts solution in dehydrating persistent diarrhoea in children: double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
abstract: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy of hypo-osmolar oral rehydration salts (ORS) solution (224 mmol/L) and standard ORS solution (311 mmol/L) in children with persistent diarrhoea who were prone to develop dehydration. Initially, 95 children aged between 3 and 24 mo were included in the study for overnight observation. Of these, 70 children who passed stool more than 2 g/kg/h were finally enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned either standard ORS or hypo-osmolar ORS. After decoding the identity of ORS, it was observed that 37 children were in the standard ORS group and 33 in the hypo-osmolar ORS group. Clinical parameters and microbiological findings of stool samples were comparable in the two groups at the time of enrolment. Total stool output (2.5+/-1.1 vs 3.2+/-1.6 kg; p = 0.04), duration of diarrhoea (114.8+/-38.3 vs 145.4+/-40.0 h; p = 0.002), total intake of ORS (5.4+/-1.6 vs 7.8+/-1.8 l; p = 0.002) and total fluid intake (7.9+/-2.6 vs 10.0+/-4.1 l, p = 0.01) were significantly less in the hypo-osmolar ORS group compared to the standard ORS group. However, the percentage of weight gain on recovery in the hypo-osmolar group was less compared to that of the standard ORS group, though the difference was statistically insignificant. Thirty-five (95%) children in the standard ORS and 33 (100%) children in the hypo-osmolar group recovered within 10 d of initiation of therapy and modified dietary management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that hypo-osmolar ORS has beneficial effects on the clinical course of dehydrating persistent diarrhoea.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta, India. icmrnicd@ren.nic.in
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Manna
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary