14-3-3 proteins: structure, function, and regulation.
The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved regulatory molecules expressed in all eukaryotic cells. A striking feature of the 14-3-3 proteins is their ability to bind a multitude of functionally diverse signaling proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and transmembrane receptors. This plethora of interacting proteins allows 14-3-3 to play important roles in a wide range of vital regulatory processes, such as mitogenic signal transduction, apoptotic cell death, and cell cycle control. In this review, we examine the structural basis for 14-3-3-ligand interactions, proposed functions of 14-3-3 in various signaling pathways, and emerging views of mechanisms that regulate 14-3-3 actions.
Fu
H
H
Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. hfu@pharm.emory.edu
Subramanian
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RR
Masters
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SC
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D019281:Dimerization; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases