title: Long-term survival and prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma is a distinct from of cholangiocellular carcinoma, with pathologic and biologic behavior different from those of other types. The clinical consequences of these differences have never been clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two consecutive patients (32 men and 20 women, mean age 62 years) with mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma that had been treated with curative surgical resection between 1980 and 1998 were retrospectively evaluated. Long-term survival and disease-free survival were calculated, and univariate and multivariate analysis of various prognostic factors was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 2%, and the overall and disease-free 5-year survival rates were 36% and 34%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified 5 significant risk factors for overall survival: surgical margin, lymph node metastasis, lymph node dissection, vascular invasion, and left-side location of the main tumor. Two risk factors were identified for disease-free survival: surgical margin and lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that surgical margin, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion were independently significant variables for overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first reported study on the effectiveness of liver resection for the treatment of mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma, showing that surgical therapy can prolong survival if local radicality can be achieved and lymph-node metastases are absent.
authors.affiliation: Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery Division, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makuuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torzilli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D017741:Survivors