title: A six-week clinical efficacy study of four commercially available dentifrices for the removal of extrinsic tooth stain.
abstract: The objective of this double-blind clinical study was to compare the efficacy for extrinsic tooth stain removal of four commercially available dentifrices: Colgate Tartar Control with Baking Soda & Peroxide Fluoride Toothpaste; Aquafresh Advanced Whitening Toothpaste with Fluoride; Rembrandt Tartar Control Low Abrasion Fluoride Whitening Toothpaste; and Crest Regular Fluoride Toothpaste. Following a baseline examination for extrinsic tooth stain on the anterior six mandibular and maxillary teeth, qualifying adult male and female subjects from the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area were randomized into four treatment groups which were balanced for age, gender, tobacco habits, and level of extrinsic tooth stain. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for extrinsic tooth stain were repeated after six weeks' use of the study dentifrices. One hundred eighty (180) subjects complied with the protocol, and completed the entire study. At the six-week examination, subjects assigned to the Colgate Tartar Control with Baking Soda & Peroxide Fluoride Toothpaste treatment group exhibited statistically lower levels of extrinsic tooth stain area and extrinsic tooth stain intensity than did those subjects assigned to the Crest Regular Fluoride treatment group. Subjects assigned to the Aquafresh Advanced Whitening treatment group exhibited significantly lower levels of extrinsic tooth stain area than did those assigned the Crest Regular Fluoride group. No other significant differences among the four study dentifrices were noted. Thus, the results of this double-blind clinical study support the conclusion that Colgate Tartar Control with Baking Soda & Peroxide Fluoride Toothpaste provides significantly greater control of extrinsic tooth stain than does Crest Regular Fluoride, a sodium fluoride/silica dentifrice.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Yankell
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Emling
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Petrone
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rustogi
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: DeVizio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaknis
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Proskin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010545:Peroxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011122:Polyphosphates; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy*; D014100:Toothpastes; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003802:Dentifrices; D010545:Peroxides; D011122:Polyphosphates; D011145:Polyvinyls; C112939:Rembrandt Lighten; D014100:Toothpastes; C099398:colgate tartar control dentifrice; C546060:hydrated silica gel-based toothpaste; C546054:sodium bicarbonate-based toothpaste; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D005459:Fluorides