title: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of transcervical intrauterine local anaesthesia in outpatient hysteroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether transcervical intrauterine instillation of local anaesthetic agent reduces pain during diagnostic outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient hysteroscopy clinic in a university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety women undergoing outpatient diagnostic hysteroscopy with or without endometrial biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transcervical intrauterine instillation of 5 mL of 2% lignocaine into the uterine cavity before performing the procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of pain at different stages of the procedure using a visual analogue scale and changes in blood pressure and heart rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of local anaesthetic did not alleviate pain experienced during hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy. It did not prevent the occurrence of vaso-vagal reactions; however the incidence of these was low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcervical instillation of local anaesthesia neither reduced pain nor prevented vaso-vagal reaction during hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Yuen
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine