title: Effectiveness of ultrasonographic parameters for documenting the severity of anatomic stress incontinence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the correlation between the severity of incontinence and some ultrasonographic parameters used to document the mobility of bladder neck.
  
  
  METHODS
  The severity of the incontinence and mobility the bladder neck were evaluated by pad test and perineal ultrasonography respectively in 74 patients with pure anatomic stress incontinence. During perineal ultrasonography, distances from the bladder neck to the lower tip (A) and to the posterior midpoint of symphysis pubis (B) were measured at rest and during stress. The first bladder neck mobility was obtained by two caliper method (Mu). After superimposing the symphysis pubis of the frozen images, the bladder neck positions at rest and during stress were plotted on an x-y coordinate system by using computer programs and the corresponding X and Y values were calculated. The second bladder neck mobility was measured on this x-y coordinate system (Mc). Paired t-test and correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis of the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean Mc was significantly higher than the mean Mu (p<0.01). Compared to the values at rest, the mean distance A did not change significantly; however, the mean distance B increased, and X and Y values decreased significantly during stress (p<0.01). The amount of urine leaked per hour had significant positive correlation with distance B-stress and Mc and significant negative correlation with Y-rest, X-stress and Y-stress (p<0.05-0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggested that the bladder neck mobility was underestimated when it was measured by two caliper method and the absolute positions or mobility of the bladder neck measured by computer on an x-y coordinate system could effectively document the severity of the decreased support of bladder neck.
authors.affiliation: Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: O T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hassa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozalp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008875:Middle Aged; D011631:Pubic Symphysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology