title: Expression of Escherichia coli B nitroreductase in established human tumor xenografts in mice results in potent antitumoral and bystander effects upon systemic administration of the prodrug CB1954.
abstract: Expression of the Escherichia coli enzyme nitroreductase (NTR) in mammalian cells enables them to activate the prodrug 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954), leading to interstrand DNA cross-linking and apoptosis in both proliferating and quiescent cells. In the work reported here, we used human hepatocellular carcinoma and squamous carcinoma cell lines constitutively expressing NTR to demonstrate that the ntr/CB1954 system results in potent, long-lasting antitumoral effects in mice. We also demonstrate that this enzyme/prodrug combination results in antitumoral effects in vivo when only a minority of tumor cells express the enzyme, using either cells constitutively expressing NTR or ntr gene delivery in situ.
authors.affiliation: Cobra Therapeutics Ltd., The Science Park, University of Keele, United Kingdom. hakimd@cancer.bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Djeha
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hulme
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Dexter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mountain
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Searle
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wrighton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001388:Aziridines / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000628:therapy; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009336:Necrosis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009601:Nitroreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D012074:Remission Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D001388:Aziridines; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D011355:Prodrugs; C100099:tretazicar; D009601:Nitroreductases