title: Comparison of genetically engineered microbial and plant phytase for young broilers.
abstract: This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of genetically engineered microbial (Natuphos) and plant (Phytaseed) phytase for enhancing the utilization of phytate P in corn-soybean meal-based diets fed to young broilers and to evaluate the safety of Phytaseed phytase. Three levels of each of the two sources of phytase (250, 500, and 2,500 U/kg of diet) were added to a corn-soybean meal basal diet containing 0.46% total P, 0.21% nonphytate P, and 0.92% Ca. There were eight cages per treatment (eight birds per cage for Weeks 2 to 3 and seven birds for Weeks 4 to 5), except for the basal diet without added phytase that had 16 cages. Cage BW and feed consumption were recorded weekly. During Week 5, cage excreta samples were collected for determination of apparent retention coefficients of DM, Ca, and P. At the end of Week 5, all birds were killed, and the left and right toes were removed for determination of toe ash weight and percentage. Forty birds (one per cage from the diet without added phytase and diets with 500 or 2,500 U phytase/kg from both sources) were randomly selected for gross necropsy and histologic evaluation of liver, kidney, and bone tissues. Addition of both sources of phytase resulted in similar increases (P < 0.05) of BW gain; feed intake; gain:feed; apparent retention of DM, P and Ca; and toe measurements. Phosphorus excretion decreased as phytase addition increased. No significant abnormalities were seen in any of the 40 broilers necropsied. Further, the fit of a nonlinear function revealed that most measurements reached a plateau at 2,500 U/kg. Based on performance, bone characteristics, and retention of P, Ca, and DM of young broilers, the efficacy of Phytaseed phytase was similar to that of Natuphos phytase for enhancing the utilization of phytate P in corn-soybean meal-based diets. General necropsy and histologic examination of liver, kidney, and tibial tissues revealed no adverse effects of phytase source or level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg 24061-0306, USA.
authors.forename: Z B
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Kornegay
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Radcliffe
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Denbow
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D010832:6-Phytase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D001835:Body Weight; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000662:veterinary; D004435:Eating; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011897:Random Allocation; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000662:veterinary; D013977:Tibia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D010758:Phosphorus; D010832:6-Phytase; D002118:Calcium