title: The assessment of dermatomal level of surgical anesthesia after spinal tetracaine.
abstract: Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES), a 60-mA, 50-Hz continuous square wave, has been considered equivalent to surgical incision. We examined whether TES at a smaller current (10 mA) can be used to predict surgical anesthesia and compare the results with sensory block to cold, pinprick, and touch after the administration of spinal tetracaine. Two groups of 40 consecutive patients, 17-69 yr old and 70 yr old or older received a subarachnoid injection of 0. 5% tetracaine in 10% glucose or saline according to the type of surgery. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery received glucose solution, and those scheduled for lower extremities surgery received saline solution, and thus, the resultant four groups of patients were studied. Neural block was assessed by the loss of sensation to cold, pinprick, touch, and TES at 10 mA (T10s), and tolerance (i.e., the loss of pain or discomfort) to TES at 10 (T10p) and 60 (T60) mA. Dermatomal levels of sensory block to cold, pinprick, and touch that were cephalad to T60 varied widely. In contrast, dermatomal levels of T10s and T10p cephalad to T60 were less variable, and the difference between T10s and T60 was the smallest among all the differences in any groups. Our results demonstrate that, regardless of patient age and baricity of a local anesthetic solution, T10s is a good predictor of T60 equivalent to the dermatomal level of surgical anesthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the loss of sensation to transcutaneous electrical stimulation at 10 mA, but not cold, pinprick, or touch, is a good predictor of the dermatomal level of block to transcutaneous electrical stimulation at 60 mA, which is considered equivalent to the dermatomal level of surgical anesthesia after the administration of spinal anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo City, Japan. ssakura@shimane-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinzawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004597:Electroshock; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D013748:Tetracaine
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D013748:Tetracaine