Central role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the actions of peroxisome proliferators.
Peroxisome proliferators (PPs) are a large class of structurally dissimilar chemicals that have diverse effects in rodents and humans. Most, if not all, of the diverse effects of PPs are mediated by three members of the nuclear receptor superfamily called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). In this review, we define the molecular mechanisms of PPs, including PPAR binding specificity, alteration of gene expression through binding to DNA response elements, and cross talk with other signaling pathways. We discuss the roles of PPARs in growth promotion in rodent hepatocarcinogenesis and potential therapeutic effects, including suppression of cancer growth and inflammation.
Corton
J C
JC
Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2137, USA. corton@ciit.org
Anderson
S P
SP
Stauber
A
A
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020218:Response Elements; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors