title: Adenomyosis: US features with histologic correlation in an in-vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonographic (US) features of adenomyosis by correlating them with histologic findings and to assess inter- and intraobserver agreement.
  
  
  METHODS
  US was performed and videotaped in 102 consecutive hysterectomy specimens in a water bath. Videotapes were reviewed initially by two independent radiologists blinded to the clinical and histologic findings and after 1 month by one of the two; US and histologic findings were correlated. Features evaluated included diffuse abnormal echotexture of myometrium, subendometrial myometrial cysts, subendometrial echogenic nodules, subendometrial echogenic linear striations, nodular endometrial-myometrial junction, poor definition of the endometrial-myometrial junction, asymmetric thickness of the anteroposterior wall of the myometrium, and globular configuration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of adenomyosis in this cohort was 29.4% (30 of 102 specimens). The mean sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value (PPV), and accuracy for the diagnosis of adenomyosis for the three reviews were 81%, 71%, 90%, 54%, and 74%, respectively. All findings evaluated, except for nodular endometrial-myometrial junction, were significantly more common in uteri with adenomyosis (P <.05). Heterogeneous myometrium reached borderline significance (P =.05). The specificities and PPVs of subendometrial striations, subendometrial echogenic nodules, and asymmetric myometrial thickness were significantly higher than those of other features (P <.05). The interobserver agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.48), and the intraobserver agreement was good (kappa = 0. 67) for the three reviews.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of subendometrial linear striations, subendometrial echogenic nodules, or asymmetric myometrial thickness improves the specificity and PPV of US in diagnosing adenomyosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Quebec, Canada. mostafa_atri@pmh.toronto.on.ca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reinhold
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mehio
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bret
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology