title: Elevation of the provitamin A content of transgenic tomato plants.
abstract: Tomato products are the principal dietary sources of lycopene and major source of beta-carotene, both of which have been shown to benefit human health. To enhance the carotenoid content and profile of tomato fruit, we have produced transgenic lines containing a bacterial carotenoid gene (crtI) encoding the enzyme phytoene desaturase, which converts phytoene into lycopene. Expression of this gene in transgenic tomatoes did not elevate total carotenoid levels. However, the beta-carotene content increased about threefold, up to 45% of the total carotenoid content. Endogenous carotenoid genes were concurrently upregulated, except for phytoene synthase, which was repressed. The alteration in carotenoid content of these plants did not affect growth and development. Levels of noncarotenoid isoprenoids were unchanged in the transformants. The phenotype has been found to be stable and reproducible over at least four generations.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Römer
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kiano
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Shipton
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Misawa
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schuch
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bramley
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D020868:Gene Silencing; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000737:chemistry*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C022398:phytoene dehydrogenase