title: Five-loop coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus prevents recurrence of shunt at follow-up.
abstract: Recent reports suggest reopening of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after complete occlusion with three-loop Gianturco coils. We hypothesize that five-loop coils may produce a larger thrombus than three-loop coils, which will result in no or less probability of recanalization of PDA during follow-up. This study is designed to test this hypothesis. Follow-up echocardiographic and Doppler data of 30 patients who underwent five-loop coil occlusion of small to medium-sized PDA during a 33-month period ending December 1998 were examined. Thirty patients had no residual shunt on echo Doppler study on the day following the procedure and were followed for 6 to 30 months (median, 12) after coil implantation. At the last follow-up study, none of the patients had a residual shunt and left atrial size decreased. Careful pulsed, continuous wave, and color Doppler interrogation of left/main pulmonary artery junction and proximal descending aorta did not reveal any evidence for obstruction. The follow-up data suggest that complete occlusion of small- to medium-sized PDAs is feasible with five-loop coils without evidence for recanalization at a mean follow-up of 12 months. Much longer (2 to 5 years) follow-up data may be necessary to confirm these observations. We speculate that a greater degree of thrombosis is produced within the ductus by the five-loop coils, which in turn may be responsible for lack of shunt recurrence. We recommend use of five-loop instead of three-loop coils for transcatheter occlusion of small- to medium-sized PDAs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine/SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, Missouri 63104, USA. raops@SLU.EDU
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Balfour
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Jureidini
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler