title: Oxidative stress is involved in seizure-induced neurodegeneration in the kindling model of epilepsy.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species have been implicated in the development of seizures under pathological conditions and linked to seizure-induced neurodegeneration. There has been little direct evidence, however, of free radical production resulting from seizures. Using amygdala-kindled rats, we have examined the generation of reactive oxygen species following seizures, and their possible contribution to seizure development and seizure-induced neuronal loss. The concentrations of two products of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation, malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal, were measured using colorimetric assays. Lipid peroxidation was increased in both hemispheres of kindled rats as compared to sham-operated controls. Cell death was also significantly increased in all hippocampal areas. Antioxidants (vitamin E and glutathione) prevented the rise in lipid peroxides and hippocampal neuronal death during kindling, but did not arrest the development of seizures.Thus, epileptiform activity can result in free radical production which may be one of the factors leading to cell death.
authors.affiliation: Playfair Neuroscience Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, McL 12-413, 399 Bathurst Street, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Frantseva
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Perez Velazquez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsoraklidis
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mendonca
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adamchik
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Carlen
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Burnham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants