title: Contribution of de novo protein synthesis to the hypertrophic effect of IGF-1 but not of thyroid hormones in adult ventricular cardiomyocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enhanced expression of IGF-1 occurs in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) associated with systemic hypertension. Cardiac dysfunction accompanied by LVH is also observed in hyperthyroidism.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to assess the relative contributions of de novo protein synthesis and attenuated protein degradation to increased protein mass associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy elicited by IGF-1 and thyroid hormones (tri-iodo thyronine T3, and l-thyroxine T4), respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  total mass of protein, and both the incorporation, and removal of previously incorporated l-U-14C-phenylalanine, indices of protein synthesis and degradation, respectively, were assessed in quiescent adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes maintained in short-term culture, and corrected for DNA content, as a index of cell number.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IGF-1 (1 pM-100 nM) increased cell protein significantly, maximally at 1 nM and by 38% above basal value after 24 h. T3 (10 pM-2 microM) and T4 (10 pM-2 microM) increased cell protein significantly maximally at 1 microM and by 33.2 and 30.5%, respectively, above basal value. IGF-1 (< or = 10 pM), T3 (10 pM-2 microM) and T4 (10 pM-2 microM) did not increase incorporation of l-U-14C-phenylalanine above basal values. IGF-1 (100 pM-100 nM) increased incorporation of radiolabel significantly maximally at 100 nM and by 56%. T4 (100 pM) and IGF-1 (10 pM), concentrations that did not stimulate de novo protein synthesis, attenuated the degradation of radiolabelled protein by 13.6 and 11.8%, respectively, compared to control values after 48 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that the acute hypertrophic response to (i) thyroid hormones cannot be attributed to initiation of de novo protein synthesis; (ii) IGF- 1 comprises two components; the response elicited by IGF-1 (< 10 pM) is independent of, while the response elicited by IGF-1 (> 100 pM) is due to de novo protein synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Cardiovascular Research Centre, The School of Medicine, The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: McDermott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004261:DNA Replication; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D004247:DNA; D013974:Thyroxine