title: The effect of obstetric resident gender on forceps delivery rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to examine the effect of obstetric resident physician gender on the forceps delivery rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis was based on >350,000 deliveries performed by >800 residents in obstetrics and gynecology throughout the United States from 1994 to 1998. A chi(2) analysis was performed on resident statistics from residency review committee report forms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of total deliveries performed with forceps during residency was significantly higher among male residents (P <. 0001), as was the percentage of vaginal deliveries performed with forceps during residency (P <.0001). The percentage of overall operative vaginal deliveries (vacuum plus forceps) was significantly higher for male residents (P <.0001); however, the percentage of vacuum deliveries did not vary according to gender of the resident when considered independently.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results strongly suggest that resident gender affects performance of forceps delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida Health Science Center Jacksonville, 32209, USA.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Bonar
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kaunitz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Ramos
mesh_terms: D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D009772:Obstetrical Forceps / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D012737:Sex Factors