title: The family and schizophrenia.
abstract: There has been controversy about the role of family in the etiology and course of schizophrenia for almost 70 years. Psychoanalysts and family therapists have proposed theories about the development of schizophrenia that overtly blamed parents, and recently, expressed emotion (EE) research has been criticized as implicating families once again. However, the study of schizophrenia as a brain disorder has resulted in new understandings of the influence of the family. This article reviews recent research revealing a unique vulnerability to stress in persons with schizophrenia and suggesting that communication difficulties may be due to a shared genetic heritage. Advanced practice mental health nurses who have a solid foundation in neurobiology are ideally suited to help the person with schizophrenia and his or her family. Knowledge about the neurobiological basis of schizophrenia has become very sophisticated and complex, but that knowledge is nevertheless essential to understand the otherwise puzzling patterns of behavior shown by persons with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-6919, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wuerker
mesh_terms: D001689:Biological Psychiatry; D003142:Communication; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005192:Family Health; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009446:Neurobiology; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000379:methods; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000451:nursing; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013598:Systems Theory