title: Regulation of the murine silver locus product (gp87) by the hypopigmenting cytokines TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha.
abstract: The melanosomal proteins encoded by the silver (si, SILV, or PMEL17) locus play important roles in melanogenesis and are actively investigated as targets for melanoma immunotherapy. The human silver locus yields two proteins, gp100 and PMEL17, by alternative splicing of a common mRNA precursor. Mouse melanocytes exclusively express the gp100 orthologue, here termed gp87, thus providing a simpler model with which to study the silver locus products. We have analyzed the effects of [Nle4, D-Phe7]-alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) and two hypopigmenting cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, on the expression of gp87 in B16 mouse melanoma cells. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 (at saturating doses for 48 hr) decreased gp87 mRNA by 50%. The gp87 protein was almost undetectable by Western immunoblotting after TNF-alpha treatment, but was not affected by TGF-beta1. alphaMSH increased the mRNA and the gp87 protein approximately 2-fold. Moreover, the amount of gp87 was not reduced by TNF-alpha in the presence of the hormone, in spite of a 50%, decrease in its mRNA. Therefore, the levels of mRNA and gp87 protein did not correlate after treatment with the cytokines. Overall, our data suggest that the silver locus product is not regulated exclusively at the transcriptional level, and highlight the importance of still-uncharacterized regulatory translational and/or post-translational events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Esparza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Cervantes
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Solano
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: García-Borrón
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008545:Melanoma; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000521:alpha-MSH; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; C094315:metallocarboxypeptidase D