title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 P12A and type 2 diabetes in Canadian Oji-Cree.
abstract: Among the Oji-Cree of northern Ontario, we previously identified a novel variant in the HNF1A gene, namely G319S, that was strongly associated with type 2 diabetes. However, the majority of subjects with diabetes did not have the HNF1A S319 variant, suggesting that there might be other genetic determinants of diabetes susceptibility. In the course of sequencing candidate genes in diabetic subjects who were homozygous for HNF1A G319/G319, we found that some of them had the PPARG A12 variant. After genotyping PPARG in the entire adult Oji-Cree population, we found that: 1) PPARG A12 was strongly associated with type 2 diabetes in women, but not men; 2) among women, the odds of being affected for carriers of PPARG A12 compared with noncarriers was 2.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.8); and 3) among women, affected carriers of PPARG A12 had a significantly earlier age-of-onset and/or age-at-diagnosis compared with noncarriers. When taken together with the previously reported association of diabetes with HNF1A in both men and women, the gender-specific association with PPARG A12 confirms that type 2 diabetes is etiologically complex in the Oji-Cree and that at least two genes are involved in determining susceptibility to the disease in these people.
authors.affiliation: Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, John P. Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. robert.hegele@rri.on.ca
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hegele
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zinman
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D051537:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; D051539:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009864:Ontario; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C496487:HNF1A protein, human; C496495:HNF1B protein, human; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; D007328:Insulin; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051537:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1; D051539:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta