title: Is lymphocele in renal transplantation an avoidable complication?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the impact of surgery in the incidence of lymphocele after kidney transplantation (KTx).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective randomized study was conducted during a 6-year period on a group of patients undergoing KTx and operated on by the same surgeon (CVS). A total of 280 patients undergoing KTx were randomly allocated into two groups: (1) group C (control group) was 140 patients who were submitted to KTx with standard technique: implantation of the kidney in the controlateral iliac fossa with vascular anastomoses on the external iliac vessels; and (2) group M (modified technique group) was 140 patients who underwent a modified technique with a cephalad implantation of the graft in the ipsilateral iliac fossa and vascular anastomoses in the common iliac vessels. Both groups were comparable for age, cold ischemia time, incidence of rejection episodes, presence of adult polycystic kidney disease, and source of donor graft.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group M showed an incidence of lymphocele production (3 patients, 2.1%) significantly lower than group C (12 patients, 8.5%). Eight patients (1 in group M and 7 in group C) required surgical treatment by peritoneal fenestration. No allograft or recipient was lost as a result of fluid collection but the hospitalization was shorter in group M than in group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A cephalad implantation of the renal graft in the ipsilateral iliac fossa has been associated with a lower incidence of lymphocele, probably because vascular anastomoses on the common iliac vessels cause less lymphatic derangement than those performed on the external iliac vessels.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Sansalone
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aseni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minetti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manoochehri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vertemati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacomoni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Civati
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Forti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000145:classification; D006085:Graft Survival; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000601:surgery; D007084:Iliac Vein / Q000601:surgery; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D007902:Length of Stay; D008210:Lymphocele / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014021:Tissue Preservation