In vitro correlates of HIV-2-mediated HIV-1 protection.
A prospective study of high-risk commercial sex workers in Senegal has shown that HIV-2 infection may reduce the risk of subsequent HIV-1 infection; these findings have been confirmed and extended, now with 13 years of observation. While exploring the biological mechanisms behind this natural protection, we found that a significant proportion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from HIV-2-infected subjects resisted in vitro challenge with CCR5-dependent HIV-1 viruses but not CXCR4-dependent viruses. High levels of beta-chemokines, the natural ligands of the CCR5 coreceptor, were correlated with low levels of viral replication, and resistance was abrogated by antibodies to beta-chemokines. Our results suggest that beta-chemokine-mediated resistance may be an important correlate of HIV protection against HIV-1 infection and relevant to HIV vaccine design.
Kokkotou
E G
EG
Harvard AIDS Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sankale
J L
JL
Mani
I
I
Gueye-Ndiaye
A
A
Schwartz
D
D
Essex
M E
ME
Mboup
S
S
Kanki
P J
PJ
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000502:physiology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019713:Receptors, CCR5