title: Recovery from withdrawal of inhaled nitric oxide and kinetics of nitric oxide-induced inhibition of nitric oxide synthase activity in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the kinetics of successful nitric oxide (NO) withdrawal in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study in a university pediatric intensive care ward and research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Primary porcine pulmonary artery cells in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  NO inhalation and withdrawal in patients; exposure to NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and gaseous NO in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients: a slight, but significant, increase of oxygenation index (OI) from 4.57 +/- 0.24 cmH2O/torr (mean +/- SEM) to 4.90 +/- 0.26 cmH2O/torr after withdrawal of NO (p < 0.001). Recovery of OI (4.43 +/- 0.23 cmH2O/torr) 30 min after weaning, a significant drop after 4 h (3.72 +/- 0.17 cmH2O/ torr;p < 0.001), values restored after 12 h. In vitro: NO synthase (NOS) activity was significantly lower in SNP-incubated cells (20.0 +/- 4.0 microM/min) than in control cells (37.6 +/- 7.0 microM/ min; p < 0.05). Thirty minutes after SNP withdrawal there was NOS activity of 35.8 +/- 10.0 microM/min with a significant increase by 4 h (p < 0.05). No alteration of endothelial NOS (ENOS) mRNA expression by NO (Northern Blot).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients there is a slight, but significant, reversible increase of OI after successful weaning from NO. In vitro, NO leads to a reversible decrease of ENOS activity on a post mRNA level, resembling clinical observations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. JoergWDoetsch@yahoo.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dötsch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demirakça
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zepf
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hänze
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parida
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rascher
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003422:Critical Care; D017931:DNA Primers; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase