HLA-G promotes immune tolerance.
HLA-G is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I molecule that differs from the classical HLA-A, -B and -C molecules by (i) alternative splicing of mRNAs encoding for at least four membrane-bound and two soluble HLA-G isoforms, (ii) a limited polymorphism, and (iii) a tissue-restricted distribution. Studies over the past few years have elucidated the function of HLA-G demonstrating inhibition of both NK cell- and T cell-mediated cytolysis. Furthermore, aside from its expression during pregnancy, we have shown that HLA-G is also expressed in solid tumor cells (i.e. human melanoma cell lines and ex vivo melanoma biopsies). Here we present a review of the current state of knowledge of the immunotolerant functions of HLA-G and their implications in materno-fetal tolerance and tumor immunosurveillance.
Rouas-Freiss
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Service de Recherches en Hemato-Immunologie, CFA-DSV-DRM, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Paul
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Dausset
J
J
Carosella
E D
ED
D017398:Alternative Splicing; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003656:Decidua / Q000276:immunology; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000276:immunology; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000276:immunology*; D020014:K562 Cells; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011247:Pregnancy; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; D014162:Transfection; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens
D015703:Antigens, CD; D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens