title: Growth characteristics and imaging properties of the morris hepatoma 3924A in ACI rats: a suitable model for transarterial chemoembolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For experimental studies investigating modalities and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) an animal model resembling the human situation as closely as possible would be appropriate. Specifically, reproducible tumor growth characteristics with the capability for appropriate in vivo imaging to monitor treatment efficacy are required.
  
  
  METHODS
  Morris hepatoma 3924A was implanted into the liver of 30 ACI rats. Tumor growth was followed by angiography (n = 10), ultrasound (US, n = 30), native computed tomography (CT, n = 16), and native magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, n = 30) between day 8 and day 36 after implantation. The radiological morphological characteristics were compared with the macroscopic and microscopic histological findings of the explanted tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 30 animals a solitary liver tumor was found and macroscopically no signs of metastases, ascites, or peritoneal tumor were visible. On histopathological examination tumor sizes ranged between 27 +/- 3 mm(3) (day 8) and 3468 +/- 79 mm(3) (day 36). The first signs of tumor necrosis occurred at day 16. US allowed tumor visualization from day 8, MRI from day 8, angiography from day 10, and CT from day 14.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tumor model has the potential to be used for the visualization of tumor growth by MRI and US. The potential for monitoring therapeutic effects of TACE needs to be investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trübenbach
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graepler
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruck
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lauer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gregor
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Huppert
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D051381:Rats; D011912:Rats, Inbred ACI; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome