title: Transdermal iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin.
abstract: Electrically enhanced transdermal delivery of salmon calcitonin could be useful for chronic treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and other clinical indications as a superior alternative to parenteral delivery. Calcitonin (50 microg/ml) formulation was prepared in citrate buffer (pH 4.0). Epidermis separated from human cadaver skin was used. Most iontophoresis studies were done at a current density of 0.5 m A cm2. Silver/silver-chloride electrodes were used and calcitonin was found to be best delivered under the anode. The relationship between calcitonin flux and current density during iontophoresis was linear. Passive flux was zero. Flux increased with increasing concentration up to 250 microg/ml but then it levels off. Thus, transdermal delivery of salmon calcitonin may be accomplished to achieve therapeutic levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849-5503, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Deftos
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Banga
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004566:Electrodes; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007478:Iontophoresis; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: C028815:salmon calcitonin; D002116:Calcitonin