title: Improvement strategies in free-throw shooting and grip-strength tasks.
abstract: Participants performed a free-throw shooting task and a grip-strength task before and after imagery, nonspecific arousal, or no instructions. Imagery improved performance in the free-throw shooting task, which is assumed to have more cognitive components than the grip-strength task. Imagery did not improve performance in the grip-strength task, which is assumed to have fewer cognitive components than the free-throw task. Nonspecific arousal, on the other hand, improved performance in the grip-strength task but not in the free-throw shooting task. Athletic experience, confidence levels, and gender were correlated with actual performance levels in both tasks, but not with improvement. Results are discussed within the transfer-appropriate processing framework.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
authors.forename: Z F
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Peynircioğlu
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Tanielian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013177:Sports; D014163:Transfer, Psychology