title: Complicating risk factors for pyelonephritis after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The score to predict the risk of post-extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) pyelonephritis was evaluated. The score was based on the multivariate analysis of risk factors available pre-operatively. Stone size, pyuria, bacteriuria, previous pyelonephritis and other adjunctive procedures had been selected and scored.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-hundred and forty-eight adult patients without active urinary infection undergoing ESWL therapy were studied. One of three regimens were selected by either doctor or patient: (i) no antimicrobial treatment; (ii) one dose of levofloxacin; or (iii) 1 week course of levofloxacin. Who and why selected it were described. Post-ESWL fever over 38 degrees C was defined as the unfavorable event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With increasing score, doctors recommend taking an antimicrobial. There were 11 bacteriuric patients and post-ESWL pyelonephritis developed in one of them. Bacteria within the stone and post-ESWL ureteral obstruction caused by the stone fragments were considered to be important in developing pyelonephritis. However, multiple factors were related with it. Although their decision was not based simply on the score, the score was confirmed to be useful in identifying the high-risk patients and, therefore, to implement cost-effective antimicrobial use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan. fuj3780@hama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ushiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hadano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kambayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mugiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin