Inhibition of smoking-related information in smokers and nonsmokers.
Twenty-four smokers and 24 nonsmokers performed a modified version of M. A. Gernsbacher, K. R. Varner, and M. E. Faust's (1990) suppression task, involving presentations of sentences on a computer screen. Each sentence was followed by a word that either was or was not related to the meaning of the sentence. Participants judged whether the word was related to the sentence by pressing either a "yes" or "no" key on a button box. In the experimental sentences, the test word was related to one meaning of the final word of the sentence, but this was not necessarily the meaning intended in the sentence. In half of the experimental sentences, the last word was a smoking-related word (e.g., tar or ashes). Smokers had relatively longer response latencies and lower accuracy scores than nonsmokers when the final word was smoking related, whereas both groups performed similarly on items unrelated to smoking, suggesting that smokers had more difficulty than nonsmokers inhibiting task-irrelevant, smoking-related information but that they did not have a general inability to inhibit irrelevant information.
Zwaan
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Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee 32306-1270, USA. zwaan@psy.fsu.edu
Truitt
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D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000187:drug effects*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*