Peritraumatic dissociation following motor vehicle accidents: relationship to prior trauma and prior major depression.
Individuals who dissociate at the time of a traumatic event (peritraumatic dissociation) are more likely to develop acute and chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about who is at risk of peritraumatic dissociation. Motor vehicle accident subjects (N = 122) were systematically recruited and followed over 12 months. We used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) and the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire-Rater Version (PDEQ-RV). Younger subjects were more likely to experience peritraumatic dissociation as were white versus nonwhites, and single versus married subjects. Younger subjects reported a greater number of peritraumatic dissociative symptoms as did subjects with an injured passenger. After adjusting for age and passenger injury, prior major depression was significantly related to more peritraumatic dissociative symptoms. An interaction of age and prior major depression indicated that those who were younger and reported a history of major depression had the greatest number of peritraumatic dissociative symptoms.
Fullerton
C S
CS
Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F Edward Hèbert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA.
Ursano
R J
RJ
Epstein
R S
RS
Crowley
B
B
Vance
K L
KL
Kao
T C
TC
Baum
A
A
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology