title: [Imaging of orbital metastasis of small-intestine carcinoid by octreotide scintigraphy. A critical evaluation of the methodology].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An orbital carcinoid metastasis can be specifically imaged by octreotide scintigraphy. Orbital metastases of carcinoid tumors are rare. In the current literature only 27 cases have been published.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report on a 59 year-old woman who presented with diplopia 6 years after resection of a carcinoid tumor of the ileum. She also complained about flush and diarrhea. The diplopia was caused by limited extensibility of the right inferior muscle. Computed tomography with contrast revealed an enhancing tumor in the area of the right inferior rectus muscle, which appeared in the MRT as an isointense structure in the T1-weighted image. On staging, we found a contrast-enhancing nodular hepatic lesion. In octreotide scintigraphy, enhancement of the liver, thoracic and abdominal para-aortic lymph nodes and of the right inferior orbit was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival times of patients with orbital metastasis of carcinoid tumors range between 7 months and 11 years. No specific treatment is available. Surgical excision is indicated for a symptomatic solitary metastasis. Octreotide is helpful in two ways: (1) as a radiolabeled tracer to detect extra-abdominal and extrahepatic secondary tumors; (2) as a treatment modality for flush and diarrhea, which is successful in over 60% of patients (life expectancy uninfluenced). Our patient is presently being treated with 200 micrograms of octreotide three times a day subcutaneously. Flush episodes and diarrhea have been reduced, but her ophthalmologic symptoms remain unchanged, and she has recently developed cardiac insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik der Universität Würzburg.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guthoff
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Lieb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rendl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reiners
mesh_terms: D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007078:Ileal Neoplasms; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015282:Octreotide