title: Carriage of penicillin-susceptible and non-susceptible pneumococci in healthy young children in Göteborg, Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy young children, determine the proportion of strains with decreased susceptibility to penicillin, and study possible risk factors for the carriage of penicillin-resistant strains.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 1996 and February 1997, 620 healthy, 18-month-old children in Goteborg, Sweden were screened for carriage of S. pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin. Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained from children visiting child health centres for routine health control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Streptococus pneumoniae was found in 322 samples and 18 strains (5.6%, CI95 3.4; 8.8) of all pneumococci showed decreased susceptibility to penicillin G with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.125 to 1.0 mg/l. The proportion of strains with decreased susceptibility was similar to that found in a laboratory-based material (6%), from the same geographical area and time period. A majority of the children with strains with decreased susceptibility to penicillin (n = 11) were not attending day-care centres.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of S. pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to penicillin is still low in unselected healthy Swedish children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Göteborg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Borres
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alestig
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krantz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Norvenius
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stenqvist
mesh_terms: D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins