title: Superior vena cava syndrome during the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in an HIV-1 infected patient.
abstract: Tuberculosis is nowadays an uncommon cause of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). We report the case of an HIV-infected patient who presented with respiratory symptoms accompanied by cervical and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Sputum examination showed acid-fast bacilli, and treatment was instituted with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. A few days later SVCS developed, presumably as a consequence of inflammatory lymphadenitis. With corticosteroids, all symptoms disappeared. To our knowledge, no cases of SVCS provoked by this kind of paradoxical reaction have been described previously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital General de Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mínguez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roca
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Miño
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simón
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents