title: [Lavage almost never indicated after an autointoxication].
abstract: In many Dutch hospitals gastric lavage leaving charcoal and a laxative is the treatment of choice after autointoxication. Gastric lavage is not without risks. No difference has been demonstrated in efficacy and safety of gastric lavage combined with administration of activated charcoal on the one hand and just administration of activated charcoal on the other. In theory, gastric lavage might be useful in patients presenting shortly after the selfpoisoning (up to 2 hours) and in the case of delayed gastric emptying up to 4 hours. Gastric lavage is indicated without doubt in patients presenting shortly after ingestion of toxic substances which are poorly adsorbed by charcoal (for instance lithium). In case of a mild intoxication (for example with benzodiazepines), the risks of drug toxicity do not outweigh those of lavage, regardless of the time elapsed after ingestion. If gastric lavage is applied, it should be performed properly, i.e. with warm water (38 degrees C), with a 36-40 Fr. tube, using aliquots of 200-300 ml. In a minority of the intoxications whole bowel lavage should be employed.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Farmacologie/Toxicologie, Universitair Medisch Centrum St. Radboud.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Russel
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kramers
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D005751:Gastric Lavage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D011041:Poisoning / Q000628:therapy*; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal