title: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses from type 1 diabetic patients and subjects at-risk for type 1 diabetes to human fetal pancreatic tissue proteins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fetal pancreatic tissue has been suggested to be less immunogenic than adult islets. Thus, transplantation of human fetal pancreatic tissue as treatment for type 1 diabetes has been gaining interest. To investigate this question, we tested the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses from different subject populations to human adult islet proteins (AIP) versus human fetal pancreatic proteins (FPP).
  
  
  METHODS
  PBMC responses to FPP and AIP from normal controls (n=14), newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients (n=5), long-term type 1 diabetes patients (n=9), and subjects at-risk for development of type 1 diabetes (n=3) were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that normal controls demonstrated PBMC reactivity to 0-3 molecular weight regions (mwr) for both the AIP (mean+/-SD, 0.8+/-1.1) and the FPP (0.6+/-0.7). In contrast, newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients (<1 year) demonstrated PBMC responses to 9-16 mwr for the AIP (12.8+/-2.5) and 0-14 mwr for the FPP (6.8+/-5.0). The PBMCs from long-term type 1 diabetes patients (> 3 years) were responsive to 2-11 mwr for AIP (6.0+/-2.8) and 0-11 mwr for FPP (4.9+/-4.0). Three nondiabetic ICA positive subjects at-risk for development of type 1 diabetes demonstrated positive PBMC reactivity to 9-18 mwr for the AIP (12.7+/-3.9) and 4-18 mwr for the FPP (10.0+/-5.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that human fetal pancreatic proteins are not significantly less stimulatory than human adult islet proteins to PBMCs of subjects with or at risk for type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, DVA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington 98108, USA.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Brooks-Worrell
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D005333:Fetus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010179:Pancreas / Q000276:immunology*; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D012306:Risk