title: Chemoprevention of 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation in rats by kolaviron--a Garcinia kola seed extract.
abstract: The effect of kolaviron, a mixture of Garcinia biflavonoid 1 (GB1), Garcinia biflavonoid 2 (GB2) and kolaflavanone, used in the treatment of various ailments in southern Nigeria on hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in rats was investigated. The ability of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) to attenuate the toxic effect of 2-AAF was also examined. Kolaviron administered orally to rats at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight twice a day for 1 week before challenge with 2-AAF (200mg/kg feed) and continuously for 3 weeks at a single dose of 200mg/kg body weight reversed the 2-AAF-mediated decrease in final body weight and relative organ weights, especially the liver. BHA was administered at a dose of 7.5g/kg feed to the animals for 4 weeks. The extract decreased significantly the 2-AAF-mediated increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and ornithine carbamyl transferase by 58%, 62%, 60% and 67%, respectively. BHA elicited respectively 55%, 63%, 57% and 65% reduction in the 2-AAF induced-increase in the activities of these enzymes. Histological examination of the liver slices correlated with the changes in serum enzyme alterations. Similarly, kolaviron decreased the 2-AAF reduction of 5'-nucleotidase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities by 63% and 60%, respectively while BHA elicited 59% and 61% decrease in the activities of these enzymes. Simultaneous administration of kolaviron with 2-AAF inhibited microsomal lipid peroxidation as assessed by the thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) formation by 66%. BHA produced a 64% reduction in TBARS formation. In the present study, kolaviron appears to act as an in vivo natural antioxidant and an effective hepatoprotective agent and is as effective as BHA.
authors.affiliation: Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Farombi
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tahnteng
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Agboola
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Nwankwo
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Emerole
mesh_terms: D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044946:Biflavonoids; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D018890:Chemoprevention; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D044946:Biflavonoids; D002273:Carcinogens; D005419:Flavonoids; D020011:Protective Agents; C055015:Garcinia biflavonoid 1; C055016:Garcinia biflavonoid 2; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; C045492:kolaviron