[Bioavailability of antiglaucoma drugs].
The biodisponibility of antiglaucoma drugs, generally delivered in an aqueous eye-drop solution depends on their capacity to cross the cornea. The structure of the cornea forms a barrier to strongly lipophilic substances and the continuous renewal of the lacrimal film creates a major obstacle, preventing active substances from penetrating the eye. Active substances must thus be delivered in highly concentrated solutions. The systemic bioavailability of antiglaucoma drugs taken orally, for example beta-blockers, is well known, their behavior after eye-drop administration remains poorly elucidated and highly dependent on individual susceptibility. We reviewed the literature on pilocarpine, beta-blockers, adrenergic drugs (dipivalyl-epinephrine, apraclonidine, brimonidine), carbon anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide, dorzolamide).
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D001682:Biological Availability; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism*; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008916:Miotics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions
D008916:Miotics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions