title: Association of nonsense mutation of dystrophin gene with disruption of sarcoglycan complex in X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a systematic analysis of inherited forms of cardiomyopathy, we previously identified a family with X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy characterised by a mutation in the rod region of dystrophin. We have now attempted to eludicate the genetic mechanism involved in this disease, as well as the role of dystrophin-associated glycoproteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The affected dystrophin epitope, which lacks binding to the dys-1 antibody, was analysed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, reverse-transcription PCR, and DNA sequencing. Effects on dystrophin-associated glycoproteins were studied by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A translation-termination mutation (C4148T) in exon 29 of the dystrophin gene was found in all affected family members. Alternative splicing rescued the reading frame and led to the expression of a dystrophin molecule lacking 50 aminoacids both in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemical analysis of the dystrophin-associated proteins revealed a reduction of beta-sarcoglycan and delta-sarcoglycan in the sarcolemma of cardiac muscle but not skeletal muscle tissue. However, western blotting revealed similar amounts of sarcoglycan subunits in both tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The molecular mechanism of this subtype of X-linked cardiomyopathy may be explained by a conformational change in exon-29-deleted dystrophin, resulting in disruption of the sarcoglycan assembly in heart muscle but not skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, University of Lübeck, Germany. franz@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rothmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cremer
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Voit
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Katus
mesh_terms: D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics*; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D049030:Dystroglycans; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D049031:Sarcoglycans; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C483081:DAG1 protein, human; D016189:Dystrophin; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D049031:Sarcoglycans; D049030:Dystroglycans