title: Viral subversion of the immune system.
abstract: This review describes the diverse array of pathways and molecular targets that are used by viruses to elude immune detection and destruction. These include targeting of pathways for major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen presentation, apoptosis, cytokine-mediated signaling, and humoral immune responses. The continuous interactions between host and pathogens during their coevolution have shaped the immune system, but also the counter measures used by pathogens. Further study of their interactions should improve our ability to manipulate and exploit the various pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. dtortorella@hms.harvard.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tortorella
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Gewurz
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Furman
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schust
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ploegh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II