title: [When the computer is assisting the surgeon... Navigation systems will also find small brain metastases].
abstract: Intra-operative localization systems are increasingly being used in cranial and spinal surgery as orientation aids for the surgeon. The latest of these systems operates without the need for a mechanical or an electrical link between the surgical wound and the computer workstation in the operating room. Since both emission and detection of infrared light are handled by a special camera system, the use of such aids means maximum flexibility for the surgeon. Thus, in contrast to conventional systems, no additional electric cables or mechanical devices that may interfere with the surgeon's freedom of movement, are present. This overview article provides a short description of the technology, and discusses the experience gained with, and the results obtained in, 142 cranial and spinal neurosurgical procedures performed with the aid of the new neuro-navigation system.
authors.affiliation: Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Grosshadern, LMU München.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muacevic
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uhl
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: März
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zevgaridis
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Steiger
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012371:Robotics; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013523:Surgical Equipment