title: Immunohistochemical localization of NQO1 in epithelial dysplasia and neoplasia and in donor eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1, DT-diaphorase), a potential bioactivating enzyme for mitomycin C in corneal and conjunctival epithelial dysplasia and neoplasia and in normal tissues from human donor eyes, by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of human donor eyes and tissue sections with histologic diagnoses of corneal and conjunctival epithelial dysplasia and neoplasia from the Eye Pathology Laboratory, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center were analyzed. Detection of NQO1 in tissues was performed using standard immunohistochemical techniques with monoclonal antibodies against NQO1 and immunoperoxidase staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 20 tumors stained positive for NQO1. In seven eyes from four donors, positive staining for NQO1 was detected in all epithelial and endothelial layers, in fibroblasts, in all retinal layers except the photoreceptor outer segments, and in the fascicles and arachnoid of the optic nerve. Only minimal staining was detected in the photoreceptor outer segments and the optic nerve pia and dura. Immunostaining was markedly reduced in all tissues in both eyes from donor 5. Genetic analysis confirmed that this individual was homozygous for a polymorphism in NQO1 (NQO1*2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NQO1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in every examined section of corneal and conjunctival epithelial dysplasia and neoplasia, suggesting that NQO1 may play a role in the bioactivation of mitomycin C in these tumors. However, the presence of NQO1 in the corneal, conjunctival, and ciliary epithelium; the retinas; and the optic nerves of donor eyes may indicate the potential for mitomycin C toxicity, particularly at higher doses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA. leeschelon@aol.com
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Schelonka
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meininger
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D003230:Conjunctival Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D003315:Cornea / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005123:Eye / Q000378:metabolism; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000378:metabolism; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000378:metabolism*; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016685:Mitomycin; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)