title: High-dose chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic support in poor risk non-seminomatous germ-cell tumours: an effective first-line therapy with minimal toxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis of patients with high-risk germ-cell cancer is poor. The toxicity and efficacy of first-line high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with stem-cell support was evaluated, following induction chemotherapy with BEP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with poor prognosis non seminomatous germ-cell tumour by the International Consensus prognostic criteria received induction with BEP followed by one cycle of HDCT (CEC) given with carboplatin (1800 mg/m2), etoposide (1800 mg/m2), and cyclophosphamide (140 mg/kg). Of the above 20 patients only 3 received a second cycle of HDCT. Peripheral blood stem cells were infused on day 0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients were assessable for toxicity and response. After a median follow-up of 27 months 15 patients (75%) are alive, 12 (60%) are disease free and 3 (15%) are alive with disease. Median survival has not been reached and overall survival at four years is 66% with a durable complete response rate of 50%. There were no deaths or cases of severe toxicity. Median time to a granulocyte count > 500/microl and platelets > 20,000/microl was 10 and 12 days respectively. Five patients have died from progressive disease 5-35 months after HDCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support the case of first-line HDCT. The excellent toxicity profile of BEP/CEC and the two-year overall survival of 78% are encouraging and support further the ongoing randomised US intergroup study evaluating high-dose CEC after BEP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Decatris
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metzner
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dougall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D016190:Carboplatin; D002945:Cisplatin