title: [Exclusive radiotherapy in stage III esophageal cancer].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the report is to evaluate the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of stage III esophageal carcinoma and to analyze the influence of site, extension, grade of dysphagia and histology on local control and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty males and 6 females were submitted to external beam therapy with 4-6 MV X-rays and received 60-70 Gy in fractions of 180 cGY to 200 cGy per day, 5 days a week. Radiation therapy technique was two posterior oblique portals and a single anterior field at 100 cm SAD. After 4500 cGy portals were coned down, holding the spinal cord dose below 4500 cGy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Global response to therapy was 73.1%. Median survival was 11 months. The 2-year survival rate was 12.5% in patients with lesions smaller than 5 cm and 5.5% for those with lesions greater than 5 cm. Patients with grade 2 dysphagia had a median survival of 16 months, those with grade 1, 11 months and 2 patients with grade 0, 4 and 9 months. In all patients mild to moderate esophagitis was observed. Two patients developed esophagotracheal fistula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exclusively radiotherapy cannot be considered the treatment of choice in III stage patients. Primary chemoradiotherapy may emerge as the treatment of choice for cancer of the esophagus.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Radioterapia Oncologica, Policlinico Umberto I, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tombolini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Banelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cavaceppi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montagna
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raffetto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santarelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitturini
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000209:etiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010315:Particle Accelerators; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000209:etiology