title: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the potential role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
  
  
  METHODS
  MIF levels were assayed in the vitreous and paired serum samples of 73 consecutive patients with PDR (32 eyes) and macular hole or idiopathic epiretinal membrane (controls, 41 eyes). An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique was used to determine the concentrations of MIF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median vitreous level of MIF was 11.93 ng/ml (range 4.16-103.85) in the patients with PDR, and 1.79 ng/ml (undetectable-8.93) in the controls. Vitreous levels in eyes with PDR were significantly greater than those in the controls (p<0.0001). Vitreous levels were significantly higher than serum levels in eyes with PDR (p=0.0026). MIF levels were significantly higher in the vitreous of PDR patients with severe fibrous proliferation than in those with slight proliferation (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate increased levels of MIF in the vitreous of patients with PDR and a significant association between MIF levels and grades of fibrous proliferation, suggesting the possibility that MIF may play a part in the development of the proliferative phase of PDR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Sakura Hospital, Sakura, Japan. ophtsakura@i.bekkoame.ne.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishihira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000378:metabolism*; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors