title: On the processing of spatial frequencies as revealed by evoked-potential source modeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Visually evoked potentials (VEPs) are known to be sensitive to spatial frequency, especially in the time range between 50 and 100 ms post-stimulus. In two experiments we localized the cortical activity elicited by stimuli of varying spatial frequency in scalp-recorded brain potentials, using multi-electrode recordings and dipole-source analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low spatial frequencies (<1 c/d) activated relatively lateral occipital areas, the orientation of the neural ensembles involved being predominantly perpendicular to the scalp surface. In contrast, high spatial frequencies (>4 c/d) induced activation of more medial occipital areas with the predominant orientation of the sources being much more parallel to the scalp surface. Furthermore, at about 100 ms latency the lateral-occipital response to low spatial frequencies was stronger in the right hemisphere; no such asymmetry was found for the responses to the high spatial frequencies. These findings were consistent across varying recording conditions, individual subjects, subject populations, stimulus characteristics (grating orientation, grating vs. checkerboard), and task conditions (active vs. passive).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that there are differences in sensitivity to specific spatial frequencies between primary and secondary visual areas, as well as between the right and the left hemispheres.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rudolf Magnus Institute for Neurosciences, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.l.kenemans@pharm.uu.nl
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kenemans
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Baas
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Mangun
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lijffijt
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Verbaten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time; D012535:Scalp / Q000294:innervation; D013028:Space Perception; D014794:Visual Fields