title: Odour-impact compounds of Gorgonzola cheese.
abstract: Volatile concentrates were obtained by vacuum distillation from both natural and creamy Gorgonzola cheese and isolated by continuous liquid-liquid extraction. Both were analysed by high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC), HRGC-mass spectrometry and HRGC-olfactometry. A total of 63 components were identified in the neutral extract of the natural type (21 esters, 13 ketones, 14 alcohols, 5 aldehydes, 1 sulphur compound, 7 aromatic compounds and 2 terpenes) and 52 in the creamy type (17 esters, 12 ketones, 10 alcohols, 5 aldehydes, 1 sulphur compound, 5 aromatic compounds and 2 terpenes). Ketones, whose major components were 2-nonanone and 2-heptanone, were the predominant constituents of the neutral fraction. By olfactometric analysis of the neutral extracts, 23 odour-impact compounds were found in the natural and 21 in the creamy Gorgonzola cheese. 1-Octen-3-ol, ethyl hexanoate, 2-nonanone, 2-heptanone, 2-heptanol, ethyl butanoate, 2-nonanol and 4-methylanisole were the key odorants of the natural cheese, whereas 2-heptanone, 2-heptanol, ethyl butanoate, 3-methyl thiopropanal and an unidentified constituent with a fruity odour were characteristic of the creamy Gorgonzola cheese. On the basis of high odour unity values, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-heptanol, ethyl hexanoate, methylanisole and 2-heptanone were the most important odorants of natural and creamy Gorgonzola cheese aroma.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza degli Alimenti, Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piombino
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Addeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000840:Anisoles / Q000032:analysis; D002208:Caproates / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019850:Heptanol / Q000032:analysis; D007659:Ketones / Q000032:analysis; D000442:Octanols / Q000032:analysis; D009812:Odorants; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000840:Anisoles; D002208:Caproates; D007659:Ketones; D000442:Octanols; C011917:2-heptanone; D019850:Heptanol; C079237:ethyl hexanoate; C038844:1-octen-3-ol; C026636:2-nonanone