title: Drug utilization pattern of antiepileptic drugs and traditional Chinese medicines in a general hospital in Taiwan - a pharmaco-epidemiologic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies on antiepileptic drug utilization are important for the optimization of drug therapy and drug control. The present study was to evaluate the drug utilization pattern of standard antiepileptic drugs and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in the treatment of different types of epilepsy in a general hospital in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The epileptic patients under antiepileptic drug treatment at Veterans General Hospital-Taipei were considered in the analysis. Current diagnosis was obtained by the neurologist in charge of the patient. All patients were interviewed by standard questionnaire designed to provide specific information on the types of antiepileptic drugs and details of their use. The questionnaire also sought to determine whether TCMs were used, and whether patients were using TCMs in combination with hospital standard treatment. The results were analysed by descriptive statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  729 patients with epilepsy definitely diagnosed were analysed in the study. 445 patients (61.04%) were prescribed with one antiepileptic drug. Combinations of two antiepileptic drugs were prescribed to 261 patients (35.80%), and combinations of three or more antiepileptic drugs to 23 patients (3.16%). A total of 1039 antiepileptic drugs was prescribed, corresponding to an average 1.42 drugs per patient. The most frequently prescribed antiepileptic drug was carbamazepine (56.93%), followed by phenytoin (31.96%), valproate (30.73%) and clonazepam (14.13%). Among the 729 epileptic patients, 83.68% used standard antiepileptic drugs alone, 16.32% used antiepileptic drugs in combination with TCMs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monotherapy is the type of therapy most frequently used in all types of seizures. The selection of antiepileptic drugs is based on efficacy for specific seizure types and epileptic syndromes. The most frequently prescribed antiepileptic drug was carbamazepine, followed by phenytoin, valproate and clonazepam. As some of the patients used TCMs for treatment of epilepsy even when scientific medicine has been provided, further studies on the possible interactions between TCMs and antiepileptic drugs are in progress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. lcchen@vghtpe.gov.tw
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants