title: Postural sway characteristics in women with lower extremity arthritis before and after an aquatic exercise intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the reliability of postural sway assessment in women with lower extremity arthritis and to ascertain the effects of an aquatic exercise intervention program on these measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reliability of postural sway measures was analyzed by within-subjects (Subject times Trial) analysis of variance (ANOVA). The effects of aquatic exercise were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA using a planned comparison approach with an independent 2 x 2 (Group times Test) design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testing in a motor control research laboratory; aquatic exercise in a warm water pool at an area YMCA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volunteer sample, 24 women with lower extremity arthritis (rheumatoid [RA] n = 11, osteo [OA] n = 13) randomly assigned into an aquatic exercise group (n = 14) or control group (n = 10).
  
  
  METHODS
  Postural sway measures under a two-legged stance test on two separate test days: day 1, pretest; day 2, posttest, administered after a 6-week aquatic exercise program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reliability correlation coefficients for postural sway measures ranged from .64 to .94 for both subject groups. Aquatic exercise subjects significantly reduced lateral sway and total sway area scores (by 18% to 30%) under both visual conditions after the 6-week intervention. Postural sway scores were significantly higher under the no-vision condition than under the vision condition in each group for both test sessions. Both OA and RA groups had normal sagittal/lateral ratio scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with lower extremity arthritis can be reliably assessed on postural sway measures on a stable two-legged stance test. Although they had normal sagittal/lateral sway ratio scores (ie, scores typical for nonarthritic peers), vision played an important role in their postural stability for this balance task. Aquatic exercise reduced postural sway in women with lower extremity arthritis, as demonstrated by a two-legged stance test, and this exercise program appears to be a viable treatment for increasing postural stability in this population.
authors.affiliation: School of Health, Exercise Science and Athletics, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 54481, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suomi
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Koceja
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001168:Arthritis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008875:Middle Aged; D004856:Postural Balance; D011187:Posture; D015203:Reproducibility of Results