title: The structure of cranberry proanthocyanidins which inhibit adherence of uropathogenic P-fimbriated Escherichia coli in vitro.
abstract: Ethyl acetate extracts of Sephadex LH20-purified proanthocyanidins of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) exhibited potent biological activity by inhibiting adherence of uropathogenic isolates of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli bacteria to cellular surfaces containing alpha-Gal(1-->4)beta-Gal receptor sequences similar to those on epithelial cells in the urinary tract. The chemical structures of the proanthocyanidins were determined by 13C NMR, electrospray mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser absorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry and by acid catalyzed degradation with phloroglucinol. The proanthocyanidin molecules consisted predominantly of epicatechin units with mainly DP of 4 and 5 containing at least one A-type linkage. The procyanidin A2 was the most common terminating unit occurring about four times as frequently as the epicatechin monomer.
authors.affiliation: Blueberry Cranberry Research Center, Rutgers University, Chatswortli, NJ 08019, USA. y.foo@irl.cri.nz
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Foo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vorsa
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin