title: Cloning and characterization of HARP/SMARCAL1: a prokaryotic HepA-related SNF2 helicase protein from human and mouse.
abstract: The SNF2 gene family consists of a large group of proteins involved in transcriptional regulation, maintenance of chromosome integrity, and various aspects of DNA repair. We cloned a novel SNF2 family human cDNA, with sequence identity to the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase-binding protein HepA and named the human hepA-related protein (HHARP/SMARCAL1). In addition, the mouse ortholog (Mharp/Smarcal1) was cloned, and the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog (CEHARP) was identified in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the HARP proteins share a high level of sequence similarity to the seven motif helicase core region (SNF2 domain) with identifiable orthologs in other eukaryotic species, except for yeast. Purified His-tagged HARP/SMARCAL1 protein exhibits single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity, consistent with it being a member of the SNF2 family of proteins. Both the human and the mouse genes consist of 17 exons and 16 introns. The human gene maps to chromosome 2q34-q36, and the mouse gene is localized to the syntenic region of chromosome 1 (between markers Gls and Acrg). HARP/SMARCAL1 transcripts are ubiquitously expressed in human and mouse tissues, with testis presenting the highest levels of mRNA expression in humans.
authors.affiliation: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California 94551, USA. coleman16@llnl.gov
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Mohrenweiser
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010802:Phylogeny; D011387:Prokaryotic Cells; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C499336:SMARCA1 protein, human; C084011:SMARCA2 protein, human; C499503:Smarca2 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C079727:hepA protein, Anabaena; C412482:SMARCAL1 protein, human; C485869:Smarcal1 protein, mouse; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C084108:SMARCA4 protein, human; C513194:Smarca4 protein, mouse; D004265:DNA Helicases