title: Relationship between cortical electrical and cardiac autonomic activities in the awake lizard, Gallotia galloti.
abstract: ECG and EEG signals were simultaneously recorded in lizards, Gallotia galloti, both in control conditions and under autonomic nervous system (ANS) blockade, in order to evaluate possible relationships between the ANS control of heart rate and the integrated central nervous system activity in reptiles. The ANS blockers used were prazosin, propranolol, and atropine. Time-domain summary statistics were derived from the series of consecutive R-R intervals (RRI) of the ECG to measure beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV), and spectral analysis techniques were applied to the EEG activity to assess its frequency content. Both prazosin and atropine did not alter the power spectral density (PSD) of the EEG low frequency (LF: 0.5-7.5 Hz) and high frequency (HF: 7.6-30 Hz) bands, whereas propranolol decreased the PSD in these bands. These findings suggest that central beta-adrenergic receptor mechanisms could mediate the reptilian waking EEG activity without taking part any alpha(1)-adrenergic and/or cholinergic receptor systems. In 55% of the lizards in control conditions, and in approximately 43% of the lizards under prazosin and atropine, a negative correlation between the coefficient of variation of the series of RRI value (CV(RRI)) and the mean power frequency (MPF) of the EEG spectra was found, but not under propranolol. Consequently, the lizards' HRV-EEG-activity relationship appears to be independent of alpha(1)-adrenergic and cholinergic receptor systems and mediated by beta-adrenergic receptor mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Vera
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pereda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine; D001340:Autonomic Nerve Block; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008116:Lizards / Q000502:physiology*; D011224:Prazosin; D011433:Propranolol; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001285:Atropine; D011433:Propranolol; D011224:Prazosin