title: Clinical evaluation and verification of the hyperthermia treatment planning system hyperplan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A prototype of the hyperthermia treatment planning system (HTPS) HyperPlan for the SIGMA-60 applicator (BSD Medical Corp., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA) has been evaluated with respect to clinical practicability and correctness.
  
  
  METHODS
  HyperPlan modules extract tissue boundaries from computed tomography (CT) images to generate regular and tetrahedral grids as patient models, to calculate electric field (E-field) distributions, and to visualize three-dimensional data sets. The finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied to calculate the specific absorption rate (SAR) inside the patient. Temperature distributions are calculated by a finite-element code and can be optimized. HyperPlan was tested on 6 patients with pelvic tumors. For verification, measured SAR values were compared with calculated SAR values. Furthermore, intracorporeal E-field scans were performed and compared with calculated profiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HTPS can be applied under clinical conditions. Measured absolute SAR (in W/kg), as well as relative E-field scans, correlated well with calculated values (+/-20%) using the contour-based FDTD method. Values calculated by applying the FDTD method directly on the voxel (CT) grid, were less well correlated with measured data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HyperPlan system proved to be clinically feasible, and the results were quantitatively and qualitatively verified for the contour-based FDTD method.
authors.affiliation: Center of Radiation Medicine, Charite Medical School, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt University at Berlin, Berlin, Germany. johanna.gellermann@charite.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gellermann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wust
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stalling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seebass
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nadobny
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hege
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deuflhard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Felix
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010386:Pelvic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy