title: Modulation of the murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 promoter activity by CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are transcriptional regulators essential for adipocyte differentiation and function. Previous findings indicate that PPARgamma2 transcription is regulated by members of the C/EBP family. We demonstrate here that C/EBPalpha and C/EBPdelta, but not C/EBPbeta, induce the activity of the PPARgamma2 promoter in transiently transfected 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and bind to two juxtaposed low affinity C/EBP binding sites. Results obtained with chimeras containing interchanged C/EBPalpha-C/EBPbeta N-terminal transactivation domain and C-terminal DNA binding dimerization domain indicate that the N-terminal part of C/EBPbeta prevents it from binding to the PPARgamma2 promoter. Indeed, deletion mutants of C/EBPbeta lacking the N-terminal part of the molecule are able to bind to the PPARgamma2 promoter. We further demonstrate that deletion of a region located between amino acids 184-212, upstream of the DNA binding domain, permits C/EBPbeta binding to the PPARgamma2 promoter, implicating an inhibitory region in C/EBPbeta for modulating DNA binding specificity to the PPARgamma2 promoter. In summary, this study indicates that C/EBPbeta but not C/EBPalpha or C/EBPdelta is unable to bind to C/EBP binding sites in the mouse PPARgamma2 promoter. The lack of binding is due to a region N-terminal of the C/EBPbeta DNA binding domain. Our findings illustrate a mechanism by which C/EBP isoforms differentially modulate the transactivation of the PPARgamma2 promoter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elberg
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gimble
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors