title: The pharmacodynamic effect of amoxicillin and danofloxacin against Salmonella typhimurium in an in-vitro pharmacodynamic model.
abstract: The pharmacodynamic effect of amoxicillin and danofloxacin against two strains of Salmonella typhimurium was examined in an in-vitro pharmacodynamic model. For amoxicillin, peak concentrations of 1, 2 and 4 microg ml(-1)and half-lives (t12) of 3 and 15 hours were evaluated. For danofloxacin peak concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 1. 50 microg ml(-1)and half-lives of 7 and 15 hours were examined. For amoxicillin both the peak concentration and the half-life influenced the pharmacodynamic effect (P < 0.001). Maximal pharmacodynamic effect was observed when the antibiotic concentration was greater than minimum inhibitory concentration for 79 per cent or more of the dosing interval. The MICS of the isolates increased when the amoxicillin concentrations were close to the MIC during the first hours of exposure. For danofloxacin the pharmacodynamic effect was dependent on the peak concentration only (P < 0.001). Increases in MIC were found in two cases with the less susceptible strain, where peak concentration/ MIC ratios were equal to or less than 4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pathobiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lindecrona
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Friis
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Aarestrup
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D010406:Penicillins; C068581:danofloxacin; D000658:Amoxicillin