title: Endoscopic saphenectomy for coronary artery bypass surgery: comparison of two techniques with and without carbon dioxide insufflation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical results of an initial experience with two techniques of endoscopic saphenectomy with and without gas insufflation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed between September 1998 and March 1999 on 40 patients who underwent endoscopic saphenectomy for coronary artery bypass graft without (group 1, n=15) and with (group 2, n=25) carbon dioxide insufflation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In both groups, the site of harvesting was at the knee through a 2 cm incision. In group 1, dissection was performed using a hand-held dissector while in group 2 dissection was performed after ensuring that there was a seal at the knee and insufflation of carbon dioxide. Collaterals were controlled with an endoclipper in group 1 and bipolar scissors in group 2. Intraoperative procedure time, length of the harvested vein and aspect of the thigh (ecchymosis, hematoma, infection) were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vein trauma occurred in four patients in group 1 (four of 15, 27%) and in one in group 2 (one of 25, 4%). Hematomas developed in four patients in group 1 (four of 15, 27%) and in one patient in group 2 (one of 25, 4%). Wound infection occurred in no patients in group 1 and in one patient in group 2. One patient in group 2 suffered carbon dioxide embolism with no untoward consequences. Conversion to an open technique was necessary in five patients in group 1 (five of 15, 33%) and in two patients in group 2 (two of 25, 8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic saphenectomy both with and without carbon dioxide insufflation is associated with a low infection rate, but vein trauma and wound hematomas are more common without carbon dioxide insufflation.
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chavanon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ducharme
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cartier
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pagé
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellerin
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Perrault
mesh_terms: D020677:Angioscopes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide