title: Microbiology of healthy and diseased adenoids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the qualitative and quantitative microbiology of core adenoid tissue obtained from four groups of 15 children each, with recurrent otitis media (ROM), recurrent adenotonsillitis (RAT), obstructive adenoid hypertrophy (OAH), and occlusion or speech abnormalities (controls).
  
  
  METHODS
  Core cultures of surgically removed diseased adenoids and of healthy controls were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polymicrobial aerobic-anaerobic flora were present in all instances. Ninety-four organisms were isolated from control specimens, and 148 from ROM, 142 from RAT, and 149 from OAH specimens. The predominant aerobes in all groups were alpha-hemolytic and gamma-hemolytic streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The prominent anaerobes were Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium species. The number, concentration and distribution of types of most organisms did not vary among the three groups of diseased adenoids. However, the number of those that are potential pathogens and those that produced beta-lactamase was lower in the control than the diseased adenoids (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study highlights the importance of the bacterial load in the adenoids in contributing to the etiology of ROM, RAT, and OAH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brook
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D000234:Adenoids / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008297:Male; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000382:microbiology; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000382:microbiology