title: Activation of NADPH oxidase in Alzheimer's disease brains.
abstract: The present study is the first to show that superoxide (O(-)(2)) forming NADPH oxidase is activated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains by demonstrating the marked translocation of the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox to the membrane. In conjunction with a recent in vitro study showing that amyloid beta activates O(-)(2) forming NADPH oxidase in microglia, where these phox proteins are localized in this study, the present results suggest that, in AD, NADPH oxidase is activated in microglia, resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species which can be toxic to neighboring neurons in AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimohama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanino
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nunomura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C079789:neutrophil cytosol factor 67K; D013481:Superoxides; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1