Role of infection control measures in limiting morbidity associated with multi-resistant organisms in critically ill patients.
A retrospective comparative study was performed to determine the impact of infection control measures (ICMs) on colonization and infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae (producing transferable extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, KPESBL), and multi-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes (MREA) in intensive care unit patients. Infection Control Measures included surveillance cultures, isolation procedures and mupirocin for MRSA nasal carriage. The numbers of patients infected and/or colonized by MRSA, KPESBL or MREA were compared during two consecutive one-year periods (Period 1 before ICMs, and Period 2 after ICMs). The antibiotic consumption during the two periods was analysed. In Period 1 and Period 2, respectively, the rate of patients infected or colonized by at least one of the three organisms was 15% and 6.8% (P=0.001); by MRSA 7.7% and 2.6% (P=0. 004); by KPESBL 1.7% and 0% (P=0.25); and by MREA 5.6% and 4.3% (P=0. 47). During Period 2, there was a clear-cut decrease in the percentage of patients infected by MRSA (P=0.018), a non-significant decrease in those infected by KPESBL (P=0.06), and no decrease in patients infected by MREA (P=0.22). When calculated per 1000 patient-days, for Period 1 and Period 2, respectively, the rate of patients infected or colonized by at least one of the three organisms was 11.9 and 8.8; for MRSA it was 4 and 2.2; for KPESBL it was 1 and 0; and for MREA it was 4 and 4. Antibiotic cost was pound98.7 in Period 1 and pound62.7 in Period 2. ICMs contributed to the control of infections and colonizations due to MRSA and KPESBL but not those due to MREA.
Souweine
B
B
Service de Réanimation Médicale Polyvalente, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Traore
O
O
Aublet-Cuvelier
B
B
Bret
L
L
Sirot
J
J
Laveran
H
H
Deteix
P
P
D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016527:Drug Costs; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents