title: Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of Class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents.
abstract: In present-day orthodontics there is an increasing call for therapeutic procedures and appliances allowing those delivering the treatment maximum independence from patient cooperation. This requires both the development of new therapeutic appliances and the optimization of existing ones (via modification). The present study aims to analyze the therapeutic outcomes obtained by using a pendulum appliance (distal screw and integrated molar uprighting activation), modified and independent of patient cooperation. The dentoalveolar and skeletal outcomes and secondary outcomes were observed in 50 children and adolescents. The dentoalveolar outcomes were as follows: 72.5% of the clinically visible increase in space were gained by distal molar movement and 27.5% by mesialization of the anterior segment. The molars showed slight distal tipping and extrusion, while the incisors showed slight labial tipping. In terms of time, the molars were moved distally by an average of 0.67 mm per month. Skeletal changes taking place during treatment using the pendulum appliance are negligible. Further advantages of the pendulum appliance are independence from patient cooperation and good acceptance by patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Aachen (RWTH), Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kinzinger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diedrich
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008437:Maxilla; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016312:Treatment Refusal