title: Vocal fold hemorrhage associated with coumadin therapy in an opera singer.
abstract: Vocal fold hemorrhage can represent a disastrous and potentially career ending injury to a singer or professional voice user. The risk factors of vocal fold hemorrhage, including laryngeal trauma, phonotrauma, aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, and hormonal imbalances are well known. We present a case of an opera singer who developed recurrent vocal fold hemorrhage associated with coumadin anticoagulation therapy. This case highlights the importance of the risk of vocal fold hemorrhage to professional singers and professional voice users and offers an alternative to long-term coumadin therapy in this select population.
authors.affiliation: West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Neely
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology*; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin