title: Dermal exposure to pesticides modifies antioxidant enzymes in tissues of rats.
abstract: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were determined in rat tissues after dermal exposure to pesticides. Two experiments were conducted in male SD rats, 190-210 g body weight. Acephate (ACP), methamidophos (MAP) and nicotine (NIC) were dissolved either individually or together in 0.25 mL of 50% ethanol, which contained: AP = 12.6 or MAP 1.3 or NIC = 9.6 mg; EXP 1--individual pesticide exposure; 64 rats, 16/group; EXP 2--mixture of AP + MAP + NIC at levels of 1X, 2X, 3X; 48 rats, 12/group; 0.25 mL of solution or ethanol (Controls) was applied to 25 mm2 area of shaved skin 3 times a week. Half the rats were terminated after 4 weeks and the rest after 4 weeks of stopping exposure. Single pesticides decreased erythrocyte (RBC) SOD by 17% after exposure and in the NIC group after post exposure (P#0.05). Increasing concentrations of AP + MAP + NIC mixture elevated RBC SOD by 22% in the 2X and 3X groups and CAT by 13% in the 3X group (P#0.05); post exposure increased RBC SOD by 2-3 fold and CAT activity by 13% in all 3 groups. Liver GPX increased by 30-40% and CAT decreased by 12% in all exposed and post exposed groups (P#0.05). The results suggest that dermal exposure to mixtures of pesticides can selectively induce SOD, CAT and GPX activities in RBC and liver.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Health Program, Kentucky State University Frankfort 40601, USA. mpaneman@gwmail.kysu.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panemangalore
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Bebe
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010575:Pesticides; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase