title: The utility of the microcrystalline cellulose sphere as a particulate embolic agent: an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although various particulate materials have been developed as embolization agents, their biocompatibility remains unclear. We used an animal model to examine the possibility of using FDA-approved microcrystalline cellulose spheres (CELPHERE) as solid embolic material for the permanent occlusion of blood vessels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Angiographic and histologic studies in 12 canine renal arterial systems were conducted to evaluate the performance of CELPHERE beads at 1 hour, and at 4 and 12 weeks after embolization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CELPHERE beads traveled to vessels with diameters approximating their own. Larger vessels were occluded by aggregations of beads. There was no disruption of vessel walls and no evidence of perivascular hemorrhage or inflammatory changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because CELPHERE beads are easy to handle, highly biocompatible, and have few adverse effects, they are suitable for intravascular applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Todaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ushio
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002482:Cellulose; D003460:Crystallization; D004285:Dogs; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002482:Cellulose