title: Diverse effects of overexpression of LEAFY and PTLF, a poplar (Populus) homolog of LEAFY/FLORICAULA, in transgenic poplar and Arabidopsis.
abstract: PTLF, the Populus trichocarpa homolog of LEAFY (LFY) and FLORICAULA, was cloned to assess its function in a dioecious tree species. In situ hybridization studies showed that the gene was expressed most strongly in developing inflorescences. Expression was also seen in leaf primordia and very young leaves, most notably in apical vegetative buds near inflorescences, but also in seedlings. Although ectopic expression of the PTLF cDNA in Arabidopsis accelerated flowering, only one of the many tested transgenic lines of Populus flowered precociously. The majority of trees within a population of 3-year-old transgenic hybrid Populus lines with PTLF constitutively expressed showed few differences when compared to controls. However, phenotypic effects on growth rate and crown development, but not flowering, were seen in some trees with strong PTLF expression and became manifest only as the trees aged. Competence to respond to overexpression of LFY varied widely among Populus genotypes, giving consistent early flowering in only a single male P. tremula x P. tremuloides hybrid and causing gender change in another hybrid genotype. PTLF activity appears to be subject to regulation that does not affect heterologously expressed LFY, and is dependent upon tree maturation. Both genes provide tools for probing the mechanisms of delayed competence to flower in woody plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Science, Richardson Hall 321, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5752, USA. de
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Rottmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meilan
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sheppard
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jouanin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pilate
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Strauss
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005838:Genotype; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014197:Trees / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C074747:LFY protein, Arabidopsis; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C094736:ptlF protein, Bordetella pertussis