title: Does expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase correlate with severity of oral epithelial dysplasia?
abstract: The small molecule nitric oxide (NO) has generated an exponential amount of research since its discovery as a biological messenger in 1987. It has a vast number of actions, many of which are poorly understood. It has been studied in a variety of human cancers and has been implicated both in tumour promotion and inhibition. Although NO is produced by three distinct isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), most cancer research is directed towards the calcium-independent form, iNOS which following induction, produces much higher quantities of NO than the other two. In this study the expression of iNOS is assessed by immunohistochemistry in 26 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia ranging in severity from mild to severe. iNOS staining was found in all 26 cases of dysplasia with the degree of staining correlating to the severity of dysplasia (p < 0.001). There was no iNOS staining seen in adjacent normal epithelium. The possible role of iNOS in the complex transformation from dysplasia to invasive oral cancer and the clinical applications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palacios-Callender
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Spedding
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004848:Epithelium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase