title: A prospective randomized study on bilateral carotid endarterectomy: patching versus eversion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical outcome and restenosis incidence of patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy with patch closure (CEAP) on one side and carotid eversion endarterectomy (CEE) on the other.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although a few investigators have compared the results of CEAP versus CEE, no reports have compared the outcome of CEAP versus CEE in the same patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six patients were randomly selected for sequential surgical treatment involving either CEAP/CEE or CEE/CEAP. All patients underwent postoperative duplex ultrasound study and clinical follow-up at 1, 6, and 12 months and every year thereafter. Various factors were analyzed to ascertain any association with restenosis, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the risk of restenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic and clinical data were similar in the CEAP and CEE groups. The selective shunting rate was statistically higher in the CEAP group. There were no perioperative deaths. Although the incidence of perioperative ipsilateral stroke was not significant, CEAP patients had a rate of combined transient ischemic attacks and strokes that approached statistical significance. The mean follow-up was 40 months. CEAP patients had a significantly higher incidence of restenosis and combined occlusive events and restenoses. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CEE had a significantly better cumulative patency rate than CEAP and that freedom from restenoses at 24 and 36 months was 87% and 83% for CEAP and 98% and 98% for CEE, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEE is less likely to cause perioperative neurologic complications and restenoses than CEAP. The significantly higher rate of unilateral recurrence suggests that local factors play a more important role than systemic factors in the occurrence of restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Service of Vascular Surgery, University of Padua, School of Medicine, Padua, Italy. ballota@ux1.unipd.it
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ballotta
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Renon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Da Giau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toniato
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baracchini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saladini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moscardo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome