title: Cardiovascular responses to the isoprostanes iPF(2alpha)-III and iPE(2)-III are mediated via the thromboxane A(2) receptor in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isoprostanes (iPs) are free radical-catalyzed products of arachidonic acid that reflect lipid peroxidation in vivo. Several iPs exert biological effects in vitro and may contribute to the functional consequences of oxidant stress. For example, iPF(2alpha)-III (8-iso PGF(2alpha)) and iPE(2)-III modulate platelet function and vascular tone. Although these effects are blocked by antagonists of the receptor (TP) for the cyclooxygenase product thromboxane A(2), it has been speculated that the iPs may activate a receptor related to, but distinct from, the TP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transgenic mice (TPOEs) were generated in which the TP-beta isoform was under the control of the preproendothelin promoter. They overexpressed TP-beta in the vasculature but not in platelets and exhibited an exaggerated pressor response to infused iPF(2alpha)-III compared with wild-type mice. This was blocked by TP antagonism. The platelet response to the iP was unaltered in TPOEs compared with wild-type mice. By contrast, both the pressor response to iPF(2alpha)-III and its effects on platelet function were abolished in mice lacking the TP gene. This was also true of the effects of infused iPE(2)-III on mean arterial pressure and platelet aggregation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both iPF(2alpha)-III and iPE(2)-III exert their effects on platelet function and vascular tone in vivo by acting as incidental ligands at membrane TPs rather than via a distinct iP receptor. Activation of TPs by iPs may be of importance in syndromes in which cyclooxygenase activation and oxidant stress coincide, such as in atherosclerosis and reperfusion after tissue ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Audoly
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rocca
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fabre
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Loeb
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Coffman
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D017482:Receptors, Thromboxane / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017482:Receptors, Thromboxane; D000804:Angiotensin II; D015237:Dinoprost