title: Vitreoretinal surgery through multifocal intraocular lenses compared with monofocal intraocular lenses in fluid-filled and air-filled rabbit eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare vitrectomy procedures and visualization of posterior segment structures through multifocal silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) with the same procedures through monofocal silicone IOLs in rabbit eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve eyes of six rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each rabbit eye underwent phacoemulsification of the lens and posterior chamber implantation of a silicone multifocal or silicone monofocal IOL. The type of IOL (monofocal vs. multifocal) implanted in the first eye of each rabbit was randomly decided. The fellow eye then received the other IOL type. Vitrectomy procedures were performed through the IOLs by using a flat contact lens (part 1) or wide-angled contact lens (part 2) for visualization through fluid-filled (parts 1 and 2) and air-filled (part 2) eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Image quality, stereopsis, and contrast were subjectively graded on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (excellent) for each eye by each surgeon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In part 1, image quality averaged 4 for the monofocal IOL and 3.6 for the multifocal IOL. Stereopsis averaged 4 for the monofocal IOL and 4 for the multifocal IOL. Contrast averaged 4 for the monofocal IOL and 3.9 for the multifocal IOL. Vitrectomy with retinal surface maneuvers was successfully performed in both pigmented and nonpigmented rabbit eyes through both IOL types. In part 2, image quality, stereopsis, and contrast were rated as 4 for both multifocal and monofocal silicone IOLs. Air-fluid exchange was performed without difficulty. Image quality, stereopsis, and contrast were rated as 4 for air-filled eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visualization of posterior segment structures through multifocal silicone IOLs was sufficient for retinal surface maneuvers during vitrectomy procedures in both fluid-filled and air-filled rabbit eyes.
authors.affiliation: Doheny Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kuppermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gwon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000601:surgery; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D003867:Depth Perception; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011817:Rabbits; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid