title: Elevated central serotonin transporter binding availability in acutely abstinent cocaine-dependent patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent work has underscored the role of serotonergic neurotransmission in chronic neural adaptations to cocaine dependence. The authors tested for evidence of serotonergic dysfunction during acute abstinence from cocaine, a period of high risk for relapse in cocaine dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Binding availability of dopamine transporters and serotonin transporters was measured in 15 cocaine-dependent subjects during acute abstinence and in 37 healthy comparison subjects by using [(123)I]beta-CIT and single photon emission computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increases in diencephalic and brainstem serotonin transporter binding (16.7% and 31.6%, respectively) were observed in cocaine-dependent subjects. Brainstem serotonin transporter binding was significantly inversely correlated with age across diagnostic groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide further evidence of serotonergic dysfunction during acute abstinence from chronic cocaine use. Age-related decline in brainstem serotonin transporter binding may underlie the poor response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants seen in some elderly depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. leslie.jacobsen@yale.edu
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Staley
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Malison
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zoghbi
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Seibyl
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kosten
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Innis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004027:Diencephalon / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003042:Cocaine; D004298:Dopamine; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012701:Serotonin; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; C069723:2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane