title: Mammalian artificial chromosome formation from circular alphoid input DNA does not require telomere repeats.
abstract: Mammalian artificial chromosomes (MACs) form in HT1080 cells after transfecting linear yeast artificial chromosome constructs minimally containing competent alphoid arrays, a selectable marker and terminal human telomere repeats. Restrictions on the structure of input DNA in MAC formation were investigated by transfecting circular or linear alphoid constructs with or without human telomere arrays and by varying the position and orientation of the telomere arrays on input linear constructs. Circular input DNA efficiently produced MACs. Absence of telomere arrays from circular input molecules did not significantly alter MAC formation rates. Linear constructs capped with telomere arrays generated MACs effectively, but a severe reduction in MAC formation was observed from linear constructs lacking telomere arrays. Human telomere arrays positioned 1-5 kb from linear construct ends and in either orientation were able to promote MAC formation with similar efficiencies. Both circular and linear input constructs generated artificial chromosomes that efficiently segregated in the absence of selection. Telomeres were not detected on the MACs, regardless of the inclusion of telomere arrays on input DNA, suggesting that circular chromosomes were formed. We found no evidence for acquisition of host cell DNA, which is consistent with de novo chromosome assembly.
authors.affiliation: MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ebersole
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McGill
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schindelhauer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grimes
mesh_terms: D017101:Bacteriophage P1 / Q000235:genetics; D018244:Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D004270:DNA, Circular / Q000235:genetics; D004276:DNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004270:DNA, Circular; D004276:DNA, Satellite