title: Development of chick axial mesoderm: specification of prechordal mesoderm by anterior endoderm-derived TGFbeta family signalling.
abstract: Two populations of axial mesoderm cells can be recognised in the chick embryo, posterior notochord and anterior prechordal mesoderm. We have examined the cellular and molecular events that govern the specification of prechordal mesoderm. We report that notochord and prechordal mesoderm cells are intermingled and share expression of many markers as they initially extend out of Hensen's node. In vitro culture studies, together with in vivo grafting experiments, reveal that early extending axial mesoderm cells are labile and that their character may be defined subsequently through signals that derive from anterior endodermal tissues. Anterior endoderm elicits aspects of prechordal mesoderm identity in extending axial mesoderm by repressing notochord characteristics, briefly maintaining gsc expression and inducing BMP7 expression. Together these experiments suggest that, in vivo, signalling by anterior endoderm may determine the extent of prechordal mesoderm. The transforming growth factor (beta) (TGFbeta) superfamily members BMP2, BMP4, BMP7 and activin, all of which are transiently expressed in anterior endoderm mimic distinct aspects of its patterning actions. Together our results suggest that anterior endoderm-derived TGFbetas may specify prechordal mesoderm character in chick axial mesoderm.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Genetics Programme, Krebs Institute, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. m.placzek@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vesque
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beddington
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Placzek
mesh_terms: D028341:Activins; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004707:Endoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051956:Goosecoid Protein; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007265:Inhibins / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D009672:Notochord / Q000378:metabolism*; D011784:Quail / Q000196:embryology; D051381:Rats; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525809:BMP4 protein, human; C525819:BMP7 protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; C525811:Bmp4 protein, rat; C525821:Bmp7 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D051956:Goosecoid Protein; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D028341:Activins; D007265:Inhibins; C054234:chordin