title: Removal of a chronically infected bipolar pacemaker electrode: a successful case report.
abstract: A chronic infected bipolar pacemaker electrode with a fin tip was successfully removed 7 years and 9 months after its original implantation from a 72-year-old Japanese man, using the Cook pacemaker lead extraction system. The locking stylet could not advance to the lead tip over the positive pole because of firm adhesions. Because the scar tissue between the positive pole and myocardium could not be freed by the inner sheath, it was disrupted by the slanted end of the outer sheath. The firmest adhesion was on the positive pole, not on the fin tip. The complete extraction success rate of bipolar tined or fin leads is worse than for other types of leads. When extracting a bipolar pacemaker lead, dissection of the positive pole from scar tissue should be taken into account in addition to the lead tip. Rotating the slanted end of the outer sheath is a useful technique when dissecting firm adhesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Hospital Tokyo Disaster Medical Center, Tachikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niino
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshitake
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiono
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Negishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sezai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*