title: Gene, stimulus and cell-type specific regulation of activator protein-1 in mesangial cells by lipopolysaccharide and cytokines.
abstract: Activator protein-1 (AP-1) plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in mesangial cells (MC) during the pathogenesis of glomerular inflammatory disease. The precise regulation of the AP-1 family by agents that are known to activate MC is, however, poorly understood. The action of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and, for the first time, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on AP-1 gene expression in MC was therefore studied. Whilst the expression of JunD was not affected by any of the mediators, the mRNA levels of c-fos and JunB were induced by LPS, IL-6, IFN-gamma, PDGF and TNF-alpha, and that of c-jun by LPS, IFN-gamma, PDGF and TNF-alpha. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed a time-dependent increase in AP-1 DNA binding activity with JunB representing the major mediator-inducible member involved in DNA-protein interactions. However, stimulus-specific changes in the kinetics and magnitude of AP-1 mRNA expression and DNA binding activity were identified and, additionally, the results showed the potential existence of cell-type-specific mechanisms in the regulation of the AP-1 family. These studies provide novel insights into the mediator-specific modulation of AP-1-regulated gene expression and the activation of MC in renal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, P. O. Box 911, Cardiff CF1 3US, UK.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Ramji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000502:physiology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D004247:DNA