title: Incidental gallbladder cancer at laparoscopy: a review of two cases.
abstract: Early peritoneal seeding and trocar site metastasis from gallbladder cancer have been reported after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nevertheless, the role of laparoscopy in gallbladder cancer remains controversial. Two cases of early recurrence of carcinoma of the gallbladder after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are described. In the first case, the use of a gasless technique did not prevent an early, diffuse peritoneal dissemination of the disease. In the second case, despite the use of a retrieval bag to extract the gallbladder, multiple metastases around the gallbladder bed and local peritoneal seeding developed. These cases demonstrate that factors other than bile spillage, CO2 inflation, and the use of a retrieval bag are responsible for early dissemination of gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Surgery and Surgical Therapy, Parma University School of Medicine, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Costi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pietra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gobbi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000293:injuries; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007813:Laparotomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000209:etiology