title: Characterization of the human and mouse WRN 3'-->5' exonuclease.
abstract: Werner's syndrome (WS) is an autosomal recessive disorder in humans characterized by the premature development of a partial array of age-associated pathologies. WRN, the gene defective in WS, encodes a 1432 amino acid protein (hWRN) with intrinsic 3'-->5' DNA helicase activity. We recently showed that hWRN is also a 3'-->5' exonuclease. Here, we further characterize the hWRN exonuclease. hWRN efficiently degraded the 3' recessed strands of double-stranded DNA or a DNA-RNA heteroduplex. It had little or no activity on blunt-ended DNA, DNA with a 3' protruding strand, or single-stranded DNA. The hWRN exonuclease efficiently removed a mismatched nucleotide at a 3' recessed terminus, and was capable of initiating DNA degradation from a 12-nt gap, or a nick. We further show that the mouse WRN (mWRN) is also a 3'-->5' exonuclease, with substrate specificity similar to that of hWRN. Finally, we show that hWRN forms a trimer and interacts with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in vitro. These findings provide new data on the biochemical activities of WRN that may help elucidate its role(s) in DNA metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Division, Mailstop 84-144, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beresten
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campisi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043211:Exodeoxyribonuclease V; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D053484:RecQ Helicases; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014898:Werner Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D000071657:Werner Syndrome Helicase
chemical_list: D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; D043211:Exodeoxyribonuclease V; D004265:DNA Helicases; D053484:RecQ Helicases; C098785:WRN protein, human; D000071657:Werner Syndrome Helicase