title: Protective effect of diltiazem against ischemia-induced decreases in regional myocardial flow in rat heart.
abstract: Diltiazem has cardioprotective properties following myocardial ischemic injury. However, there are controversial results regarding the beneficial effects of diltiazem on regional myocardial flow after ischemia. Therefore, we investigated the effect of diltiazem on changes in regional myocardial flow due to ischemia for different periods. Non-radioactive colored microspheres were used for this measurement in isolated rat heart. After 20 or 40 min of global ischemia and 40 min of reperfusion, regional myocardial flow was decreased, especially in the endocardial layer. The endocardial/epicardial ratio was also decreased. The decreases in endocardial flow and the endocardial/epicardial ratio were more remarkable after 40 min of ischemia than after 20 min of ischemia. Diltiazem (10(-6) M), which was administered 15 min before ischemia, prevented only the decrease in endocardial flow and endocardial/epicardial ratio after 20 min of ischemia, whereas it did not prevent that after 40 min of ischemia. Nifedipine (2x10(-6) M) did not exert a cardioprotective effect. These findings suggested that the effect of ischemia is marked in the endocardium and, also, that the protective effect of diltiazem is seen only during a decrease in endocardial flow following short-term and reversible ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, 951-8510, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katsumata1
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D004110:Diltiazem; D009543:Nifedipine