title: Nasal, pulmonary and autoinhaled nitric oxide at rest and during moderate exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate nasal nitric oxide (NO) excretion, pulmonary NO excretion, and autoinhalation of nasally released NO at rest compared with that during moderate exercise in smokers and non-smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen healthy adult volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Breathing of NO-purified air supplied via a tube system at rest and during a bicycle-ergometer workload of 60 Watt over a time of 10 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined nasal and pulmonary NO excretion in smoking (n = 7) and non-smoking (n = 7) adult human volunteers. At rest, we measured constant nasal NO excretion rates of 311 +/- 89 nl/min for non-smokers and 261 +/- 142 nl/min for smokers (mean +/- SD, n.s.). During 60 W exercise, nasal NO release remained unchanged, while pulmonary NO excretion doubled compared with the rates at rest (non-smokers: 40 +/- 21 nl/min versus 23 +/- 14 nl/min, p < 0.05; smokers: 41 +/- 8 nl/min versus 22 +/- 8 nl/min, p < 0.05). The differences between smokers and non-smokers in nasal or pulmonary NO excretion were not significant. To determine the autoinhaled amount of nasally released NO, we also measured the NO concentration within the nasopharynx of five volunteers during nasal breathing. The average inhaled NO concentration was 17.8 +/- 3.1 ppb at rest and this decreased to 9.3 +/- 1.8 ppb during exercise of 60 W, while minute ventilation approximately doubled from 9 +/- 2 to 21 +/- 3 l/min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that moderate exercise increased exclusively pulmonary NO excretion. Nasal NO release, which is 10 times higher at rest, was not changed. The decrease in autoinhaled NO concentration during exercise results from dilution of the continuous nasal release by the increased respiratory gas flow. The individual NO release allows no conclusion about smoking habits.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin, Charité-Campus Virchow Klinikum, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuhlen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knorr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Falke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gerlach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide