title: Anchorage-independent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase through phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase by insulin-like growth factor I.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a well-established mitogen in human breast cancer cells. We show here that human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which were prevented from attaching to the substratum and were floating in medium, responded to IGF-I and initiated DNA synthesis. The addition of IGF-I to floating cells induced activation of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt, as to cells attached to the substratum. In addition, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular response kinase (ERK) and its upstream kinases, ERK kinase (MEK) and Raf-1, were activated by IGF-I in floating cells. While the IGF-I-induced activation of PKB/Akt was inhibited by PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 but not by MEK inhibitor PD98059, the activation of both MEK and ERK by IGF-I was inhibited by both. These findings suggest that the IGF-I signal that leads to stimulation of DNA synthesis of MCF-7 cells is transduced to ERK through PI3-K, only when they are anchorage-deficient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D020123:Sirolimus; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one