title: Gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb shows increased mucosal interleukin-8 activity in Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although increased levels of interleukin (IL)-8 are known to be associated with infiltration of neutrophils in the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori infection, no study has investigated the relationship between local IL-8 levels and neutrophil infiltration in the duodenal mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer (DU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Duodenal mucosal biopsy specimens with and without gastric metaplasia (GM) were obtained from patients with DU and controls with an endoscopic methylene blue (MB) staining method. Levels of IL-8 secreted in the organ cultures of biopsy specimens were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophils infiltrating the lamina propria was determined in immunohistochemically stained tissue sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histologic assessment showed that there was a strong correlation between the absence of endoscopic MB staining and the extent of GM. The levels of IL-8 in both duodenal and antral mucosal tissues were significantly higher in patients with H. pylori infection than in those without infection. In patients with DU the duodenal mucosal tissues with GM (MB-unstained mucosa) showed significantly higher levels of IL-8 than those without GM (MB-stained mucosa) or the antral mucosa. The number of neutrophils showed similar variations among DU and control patients with a positive correlation with IL-8 activity. The levels of IL-8 and the number of neutrophils decreased after H. pylori eradication in both duodenal and antral mucosal tissues, and these changes were more remarkable in the duodenal mucosal tissues with GM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased IL-8 activity in the duodenal mucosa with GM may be important for ulcerogenesis in H. pylori-positive DU patients.
authors.affiliation: First Dept. of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, and Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noshiro
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusugami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nobata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morise
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils; D013270:Stomach / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8