title: [Mechanisms of cytokine-induced cholestasis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholestasis is a clinical, biological and histological syndrome that is secondary to the decrease in or disruption of biliary secretion. Clinical or biological cholestasis is common in the course of either infections (parainfectious cholestasis), various cancers (paraneoplastic cholestasis), granulomatosis or in the syndrome accompanying macrophage activation. Cytokine (IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]) synthesis by Kupffer's cells (intrahepatic macrophages) in response to the release of endotoxins occurs in the course of the various clinical syndromes, particularly in the course of sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently, it has been demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines and endotoxins lead to cholestasis through modulation of the activity of bile acid transporters and other organic anions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholestasis observed in various clinical syndromes in response to either proinflammatory cytokines or endotoxins might be related to a decrease in the flow which is secondary to a decrease in the activity of organic anion transporters.
authors.affiliation: Réseau ville-hôpital Val-de-Seine, Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hillaire
mesh_terms: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins
vernacular_title: Mécanismes de la cholestase induite par les cytokines.