title: Body composition in nutritionally adequate ambulatory and non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and a healthy reference group.
abstract: Bone-mineral content (BMC; g) and density (BMD; g/cm2) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in the proximal femur, femoral neck, and total body of nutritionally adequate children (n=17; 11 girls, six boys; aged 7.6 to 13.8 years) with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Bone-mineral-free lean tissue (BMFL; g) and fat mass (FM; g) were obtained from total body scans. Chronological and developmental age-based z scores for the children with CP were derived from a pediatric database (n=894). Children with CP had BMC z scores from -1.8 (total body) to -3.2 (femoral neck) SDs below the normative sample. Non-independent ambulators had lower z scores for total body BMD, femoral neck BMD, and BMC than independent ambulators. The BMFL z score of individuals with CP was 2 SDs below that of the reference group and higher in the independent ambulators than in the non-independent ambulators, whereas FM deviated little. These findings suggest that non-nutritional factors, such as ambulation, account for the low BMC, BMD, and BMFL tissue observed in this population.
authors.affiliation: College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. chadk@duke.usask.ca
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Chad
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zello
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Snyder
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors