title: Long-term risk of gastrointestinal tumor recurrence after postoperative treatment with recombinant human growth hormone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) promotes protein synthesis, accelerates wound healing, and maintains immune function in the catabolic state. It has also been claimed that rhGH may promote the activation of residual tumor cells, and therefore, increases the risk of tumor recurrence. This study aimed to investigate whether postoperative administration of rhGH increases the long-term risk of tumor recurrences in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery for malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n =104) received three different doses of rhGH (0.075 IU/kg, 0.150 IU/kg, and 0.300 IU/kg) during 5 postoperative days in a placebo-controlled trial. Follow-up was performed for 56-70 months after radical tumor resection. Mean survival period and relapse-free survival were compared with the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete data were available for 75 patients. Thirty-five percent (n = 20) of all patients treated with rhGH showed tumor recurrences in comparison to 44% (n = 8) of patients given placebo. Mean survival period for rhGH-treated patients was 46 months (median 59 months); in controls, 42 months (median 58 months). The length of relapse-free survival tended to be longer in rhGH-treated patients (2-47 months; median, 21 months) compared with the patients who were given placebo (2-18 months; median, 13 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate no evidence for an increased risk of tumor recurrence after rhGH treatment for a short period of time after removal of a gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the positive metabolic effects of rhGH application can be used safely in the treatment of the postoperative catabolic state in the patient groups investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dortmund Academic Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tacke
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bolder
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jauch
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone