title: Have some guidelines for the treatment of acute bipolar depression gone too far in the restriction of antidepressants?
abstract: This paper gives a critical review of recommendations concerning the drug treatment of acute bipolar depression. The suggestions of different guidelines and consensus papers, especially in US-American and Canadian psychiatry, have a strong tendency against antidepressants in bipolar depression; they prefer mono-therapy with mood stabilizers and, in the case of co-medication with mood stabilizers and antidepressants in severe depression, to withdraw the antidepressant as early as possible. The intention of this restrictive use is to avoid the risk of mania and the risk of rapid cycling induced by antidepressants. However, apparently the risk of suicidal acts, which is as prominent in bipolar depression as in unipolar depression, has been totally neglected. Furthermore, the fact that none of the mood stabilizers have proven their antidepressive efficacy leads not only to the risk of depression-related suicidal behavior but also to the risk of chronicity of depressive symptoms due to undertreatment. Altogether the view expressed in some guidelines and consensus papers appears not well balanced. Furthermore, the fact that apparently the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and possibly some other modern antidepressants have only a low risk of inducing a switch to mania should stimulate a rewriting of the guidelines on drug treatment in acute bipolar depression in a less restrictive way concerning the use of antidepressants.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatrische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grunze
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000592:standards; D012306:Risk; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors