Effect of dexamethasone on insulin-like growth factor-1 expression in a rabbit model of growth retardation.
OBJECTIVE
The maternal administration of steroids promotes fetal maturative effects in the gastrointestinal tract. To determine if fetal insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression is altered in response to maternal dexamethasone administration, this rabbit model of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was utilized.


METHODS
Eight pregnant rabbits received either dexamethasone (Dex 0.1 mg/kg/d intramuscular), or normal saline (Cont) on gestational days 26 and 27. Fetuses were harvested on gestational day 28 or 29 and were identified as favored (Fav) or runt (Runt): DexFav, DexRunt, ContFav, and ContRunt. Fetal weight was recorded and the serum, amniotic fluid, liver, kidney, and small intestine (SI) were collected. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure IGF-1/beta-actin mRNA densitometric band ratios in all tissues. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to measure IGF-1 protein levels in the serum and amniotic fluid.


RESULTS
Weight was decreased in the Runt fetuses at all time-points (P < .08). The percent weight accretion from day 28 to 29, was greatest in the DexRunt fetus (P < .001), suggesting "catch-up" growth. All Dex fetuses (Fav and Runt) had increased liver and proximal, middle and distal SI IGF-1 mRNA at day 28 and elevated levels in the liver, proximal and distal SI at day 29 compared with control fetuses. The DexRunt fetuses had serum IGF-1 protein surpassing that of the DexFav fetus at day 28.


CONCLUSIONS
This report provides the first description of maternal steroid administration effecting a marked increase in fetal IGF-1 mRNA expression and IGF-1 protein levels in an in vivo rabbit model of IUGR. The growth-retarded fetus appears to be particularly responsive.
Thakur
A
A
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509, USA.
Sase
M
M
Lee
J J
JJ
Thakur
V
V
Buchmiller
T L
TL
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000378:metabolism*; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D000199:Actins; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D003907:Dexamethasone