Antecedents of cerebral palsy in very low-birth weight infants.
Research from the last two decades provides directions for efforts to prevent CP in VLBW infants. The pathogenesis of CP seems to involve factors operating both during pregnancy and in the neonatal period. The most important prenatal factor appears to be intrauterine infection. Perinatal infection and other risk factors, such as the death of a co-twin, placental abruption, and cerebral ischemia, could trigger a cytokine cascade resulting in damage to the developing brain. The low frequency of intrauterine infection in mothers with preeclampsia might explain the apparent protective effect of this disorder. If the brain damage attributed to intrauterine infection and other risk factors involves cytokines as intermediates, then blockade of the proinflammatory cascade or promotion of endogenous inhibitors might prevent CP. Other potentially preventive strategies include corticosteroids given to mothers (but not those given to neonates) and thyroid hormone.
O'Shea
T M
TM
Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Dammann
O
O
D000037:Abruptio Placentae / Q000150:complications; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D012307:Risk Factors; D013256:Steroids
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D013256:Steroids