title: Degradation of pig cyclin B1 molecules precedes MAP kinase dephosphorylation during fertilisation of the oocytes.
abstract: Pig oocytes at metaphase II were activated by penetration of spermatozoa in cycloheximide-free and cycloheximide-containing fertilisation media. The precise nuclear stage, and the kinetics of degradation of cyclin B1 and dephosphorylation of MAP kinase were assessed after insemination. After maturation culture, 96% of oocytes reached metaphase II. At 6 h after insemination in cycloheximide-free medium, 68% of the oocytes were activated and had progressed to anaphase II or beyond. After 8 h, 89% of the oocytes were activated: a female pronucleus had formed and the heads of penetrating spermatozoa had enlarged and changed to male pronuclei. In the cycloheximide-containing medium, activation of oocytes started earlier than in cycloheximide-free medium. After 4 h, 43% of the oocytes were activated, and the percentage increased to 97% after 6 h. Pig cyclin B1 disappeared in the oocytes at 6 h after insemination in both cycloheximide-containing and cycloheximide-free media. Pig oocytes at metaphase II contained two types of MAP kinase--ERK 1 and ERK 2--in their active phosphorylated forms. At 8 h after insemination ERK 2 changed to the fast-migrating inactive form in the oocytes cultured in both cycloheximide-containing and cycloheximide-free media, although the shift-down was not complete. The change was delayed by 2 h after the degradation of cyclin B1 molecules. These results demonstrate that degradation of pig cyclin B1 molecules corresponds to the transition of the oocytes from metaphase II arrest to anaphase II/telophase II and was followed by MAP kinase dephosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Japan. miyano@ans.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Moor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000378:metabolism*; D056744:Cyclin B1; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008677:Metaphase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D019926:Cyclin B; D056744:Cyclin B1; D003513:Cycloheximide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases