title: Dietary (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acids and energy restriction modulate mesenteric lymph node lymphocyte function in autoimmune-prone (NZB x NZW)F1 mice.
abstract: We previously showed that dietary fish oil (FO) and energy restriction (R) have beneficial anti-inflammatory properties in the peripheral blood and spleens of (NZB x NZW)F1 (B/W) lupus-prone mice. Furthermore, unsaturated fatty acids also were shown in the past to influence mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocyte function in healthy young rats. The MLN play a pivotal role in mediating food allergy. To date, the effect of R on intestinal immunity is not well understood; therefore we determined the effect of diet on MLN lymphocyte function. Mice were given either free access to a 5 g/100 g corn oil (CO) or fish oil (FO) diet or the same corn oil (CR) or fish oil (FR) diets restricted to 60% of the intake of the control group. At the age of 4 (young) and 8 (old) mo, MLN lymphocytes were isolated and B- (CD19(+)) and T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4(+) and CD8(+)) were determined by flow cytometry. Additional MLN lymphocytes were placed in culture with or without concanavalin A and culture supernatants collected after 72 h for cytokine and immunoglobulin (Ig) quantitation by ELISA. Aging significantly (P < 0.05) decreased both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes. Spontaneous and activation-induced interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and interferon-gamma secretion were greater while IL-2 was lower in CO-fed old mice compared to CO-fed young mice. In contrast, CR or FO alone partially blunted the age-dependent alterations in T-lymphocyte ratios including cytokine and Ig secretion, whereas the FR diet significantly (P < 0.005) normalized the accelerated aging effects on these immune variables. We show for the first time that FR is a far more potent anti-inflammatory therapy than either CR or FO alone in modulating MLN lymphocyte function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D001835:Body Weight; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008643:Mesentery; D051379:Mice; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma