title: Microleakage of Class V resin-based composite restorations using five simplified adhesive systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate microleakage at enamel and dentin margins of Class V resin-based composite (RBC) restorations using five simplified adhesive systems, one self-etching adhesive, three commercial one-bottle adhesives and one experimental one-bottle adhesive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Class V cavities (3 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm) were prepared in sound human molars with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin/cementum. Etch & Prime 3.0 (Degussa), Single Bond (3M), PQ1 (Ultradent), Prime & Bond NT (Dentsply) and Experimental BEH (Dentsply DeTrey) were applied strictly according to manufacturers instructions. All adhesive systems were applied on etched substrates, except for the self-etching adhesive Etch & Prime 3.0. Cavities were restored with Z100 RBC. After finishing and polishing, teeth were thermo-cycled (x 700, 5-55 degrees C, 60 s dwell time). Specimens were coated with nail varnish, immersed in silver nitrate for 2 hours and sectioned longitudinally with a diamond disc. The extent of leakage was measured and ranked using a 0-4 scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significantly higher leakage scores (P < 0.001) for Etch & Prime 3.0 on enamel when compared to all other adhesive systems. Regarding dentin margins none of the systems completely eliminated microleakage. PQ1 had significantly lower scores (P < 0.05) when compared to Etch & Prime 3.0 and Single Bond. No statistically significant difference was observed for the other groups.
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials, Brazil. peccardo@siso.fo.usp.br
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Placido
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Francci
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perdigão
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003763:Dental Leakage; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D011756:Diphosphates; D000431:Ethanol; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D011756:Diphosphates; C121187:Etch&Prime; D008689:Methacrylates; C119199:PermaQuik; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C103500:Prime & Bond; C083568:Z100 composite resin; C115612:single bond; D000431:Ethanol; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium