title: Membrane lymphotoxin is required for the development of different subpopulations of NK T cells.
abstract: The development of lymphoid organs requires membrane-bound lymphotoxin (LT), a heterotrimer containing LTalpha and LTbeta, but the effects of LT on T cell function have not been characterized extensively. Upon TCR cross-linking in vitro, splenocytes from both LTalpha-/- and LTbeta-/- mice failed to produce IL-4 and IL-10 due to a reduction in NK T cells. Concordantly, LTalpha-/- and LTbeta-/- mice did not respond to the lipoglycan alpha-galactosylceramide, which is presented by mouse CD1 to Valpha14+ NK T cells. Interestingly, both populations of NK T cells, including those that are mouse CD1 dependent and alpha-galactosylceramide reactive and those that are not, were affected by disruption of the LTalpha and LTbeta genes. NK T cells were not affected, however, in transgenic mice in which LT signaling is blocked, beginning on day 3 after birth, by expression of a soluble decoy LTbeta receptor. This suggests that membrane-bound LT is critical for NK T cells early in ontogeny, but not for the homeostasis of mature cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Developmental Immunology and Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elewaut
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brossay
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Santee
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Naidenko
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burdin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: De Winter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheroutre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053259:Lymphotoxin beta Receptor; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D053308:Lymphotoxin-beta; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D005699:Galactosylceramides; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; C505887:Ltb protein, mouse; C505699:Ltbr protein, mouse; D053259:Lymphotoxin beta Receptor; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D053308:Lymphotoxin-beta; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4