title: Methylation of specific CpG sites in the promoter region could significantly down-regulate p16(INK4a) expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Silencing of p16(INK4a) by methylation of the CpG islands in the promoter region has been found to be an alternative mechanism of inactivation in several tumors. However, in gastric carcinoma, the relationship between methylation status and the transcriptional silencing of the p16 gene remains to be clarified. In this study, we investigated whether methylation of a few specific CpG sites in the promoter region could significantly down-regulate p16 activity in the tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma. By Southern analysis and bisulfite-modified genomic sequencing of 9 gastric-carcinoma cell lines, we found that the 5 cell lines (55.5%) not expressing p16 mRNA had methylated CpG sites at the promoter region of p16. In addition, we analyzed the p16-protein expression of 28 primary gastric carcinomas and their normal counterparts by immunohistochemical staining (IHC) on paraffin sections. Loss of p16 expression was detected in 6 cases (22%). In 5 out of these 6 (83%), the actual p16 gene was inactivated by de novo methylation of the promoter sites. Taken together, these results suggest a strong correlation between de novo methylation of a few specific CpG sites and transcriptional silencing of the p16 gene in gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000077209:Decitabine; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D013447:Sulfites / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009153:Mutagens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013447:Sulfites; D000077209:Decitabine; D001374:Azacitidine; C009279:sodium bisulfite