title: Length of the eustachian tube and its postnatal development: computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement study.
abstract: Eleven normal human temporal bone-eustachian tube (ET) specimens obtained from 11 individuals whose ages were 3 months to 88 years were studied to investigate the path length along the ET lumen and its postnatal development by means of a computer-aided 3-dimensional reconstruction and measurement method. The path length of the ET lumen of the 3-month-old infant was 21.2 mm, and its growth was in correlation with age to attain its adult length (average, 37.00 +/- 4.16 mm). The ratio of the length of the cartilaginous portion together with the junctional portion to the length of the bony portion was 8:1 in an infant at the age of 3 months and 4:1 in adults. That the bony portion of the ET develops relatively more than the cartilaginous and junctional portions may cause this finding. In addition, there is a developmental shift in the orientation of the cartilaginous portion with respect to the bony portion of the ET. In children, the cartilaginous and bony portions are both aligned with the line that connects the pharyngeal orifice and the tympanic orifice. In adults, however, the cartilaginous portion is angled inferiorly and laterally from the bony portion. This change may reflect the relative growth of the face.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishijima
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sando
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balaban
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takasaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005064:Eustachian Tube / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed