title: Functional analyses of amino acid substitutions Arg883Ser and Asp905Tyr of protein phosphatase-1 G-subunit.
abstract: The PPP1R3 gene encoding the G-subunit of protein phosphatase-1 has three polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium in the Pima Indians: an mRNA-destabilizing element in the 3'-untranslated region (ARE1/ARE2 alleles), Arg883Ser, and Asp905Tyr substitutions. The ARE2 allele, Arg883, and Asp905 variants are associated with insulin resistance and higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Pima Indians. The ARE2 allele is associated with lower PPP1R3 transcript and protein levels in muscle tissue. Here we determined the functional contribution of the amino acid substitutions independent of the ARE alleles to insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis by adenoviral-mediated gene expression in L6 myotubes. Similar overexpression levels of the G-subunit variants increased glycogen synthase fractional activity in the presence ( approximately 1. 5-fold) of insulin compared to control myotubes transduced with adenovirus encoding beta-galactosidase. The glycogen synthesis rate of myotubes overexpressing the G-subunit variants also increased by approximately 1.7-fold over the control with and without insulin. However, these measures were not significantly different among the variants. This study does not support a role for Arg883 and Asp905 variants independent of the ARE2 allele in the impaired insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in the muscle of Pima Indians.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona, 85016, USA. ppermana@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Permana
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huppertz
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mott
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000502:physiology*; D001120:Arginine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000502:physiology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D012694:Serine; D014162:Transfection; D014443:Tyrosine; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007328:Insulin; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D014443:Tyrosine; D012694:Serine; D006003:Glycogen; D001120:Arginine; D006006:Glycogen Synthase; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D005947:Glucose