title: IGF-1 regulates cardiac fibroblast apoptosis induced by osmotic stress.
abstract: In this study we have determined the ability of IGF-1 to protect cardiac fibroblasts against osmotic-induced apoptosis and investigated the potential mechanism(s) underlying this protection. Treatment with IGF-1 (1-100 ng/ml) promoted a dose dependent increase in cell survival against osmotic cell death. Both Akt and ERK1/2 were rapidly phosphorylated by IGF-1 and blocked by wortmannin and PD98059, inhibitors of their upstream activators respectively. However, IGF-1-induced protection was mediated via a wortmannin-dependent but PD98059-independent pathway as determined by cell survival assay suggesting a role of PI3-K/Akt. Furthermore, IGF-1 appeared to reduce the activation of a number of early components in the apoptotic pathway in a wortmannin dependent manner including the osmotic stress-induced perturbation in mitochondrial membrane potential, cleavage and activation of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation. Thus, the results suggest that IGF-1 regulates osmotic stress-induced apoptosis via the activation of the PI3-K/Akt pathway at a point upstream of the mitochondria and caspase-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom. james.mockridge@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mockridge
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Benton
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Andreeva
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Latchman
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Marber
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heads
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007527:Isoenzymes; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C497260:Prkcd protein, rat; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat