title: Inhibition by parthenolide of phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in a human monocyte cell line THP-1.
abstract: Excessive nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in stimulated inflammatory cells is thought to be a causative factor of cellular injury in inflammatory disease states. Compounds inhibiting iNOS transcriptional activity in inflammatory cells are potentially anti-inflammatory. An assay method for estimating iNOS transcriptional activity in the human monocyte cell line THP-1 was established using a luciferase reporter gene system. In this study, we demonstrate that parthenolide, the predominant sesquiterpene lactone in European feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), exerts potent inhibitory effects on the promoter activity of the iNOS gene in THP-1 cells. Parthenolide effectively suppressed iNOS promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations higher than 2. 5 microM, with an IC(50) of about 10 microM. A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), significantly increased the iNOS promoter-dependent reporter gene activity, and the TPA-induced increase in iNOS promoter activity was effectively suppressed by parthenolide, with an IC(50) of approximately 2 microM. The present findings may further explain the anti-inflammatory property of parthenolide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, 500-8705, Gifu, Japan. kfukuda@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hibiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C002669:parthenolide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate