title: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in aorta of normocholesterolemic rabbits: regional variation and the effect of estrogen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several animal studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium attenuates arterial cholesterol accumulation. In the present study we have asked the following questions: (1) is the regional variation in aortic cholesterol accumulation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits preceded by a regional variation in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity in normocholesterolemic rabbits, and (2) is the antiatherogenic effect of estrogen in hypercholesterolemic rabbits preceded by a higher eNOS activity in normocholesterolemic rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The eNOS activity was determined by conversion of 14C-L-arginine to 14C-L-citrulline in freshly isolated endothelial cells of aorta in normocholesterolemic rabbits. In the regional variation study, 16 male and eight female rabbits were used. In the estrogen study, ovariectomized female rabbits were subcutaneously injected three times weekly with either 17beta-estradiol (n=7) or vehicle (n=7) for 18 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the regional variation study, the atherosclerosis prone aortic arch showed a significant lower eNOS activity than the more resistant abdominal aorta in both male (P<0.0001) and female (P<0.05) rabbits. In the estrogen study, the eNOS activity in the aortic arch and upper thoracic aorta was significantly higher in the estrogen than in the vehicle rabbits (P<0.05). In the lower thoracic aorta, however, the eNOS activity was the same.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that a high NO production in the luminal endothelium of the arterial wall precedes a low cholesterol accumulation during a subsequent period of hypercholesterolemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Niels Andersens Vej 65, DK-2900, Hellerup, Denmark. maand@gentoftehosp.kbhamt.dk
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stender
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III