title: M(2)/M(4)-muscarinic receptors mediate automodulation of acetylcholine outflow from mouse cortex.
abstract: Acetylcholine outflow can be modulated through inhibitory presynaptic muscarinic autoreceptors. This study was to identify which subtype is involved in mouse cortex. Five muscarinic antagonists and their ability to elevate stimulation-induced (S-I) acetylcholine outflow were tested in the presence of neostigmine, which decreased S-I outflow. The potency of each antagonist was determined, expressed as a ratio of the potency of each other antagonist and compared with the potency ratios of the antagonists for each of the defined muscarinic receptors (M(1)-M(4)), as recorded in the literature. Linear regression analysis revealed that the data fitted the M(2) (r(2)>0.97) and M(4) (r(2)>0.85) subtypes best, with no correlation for the M(1) and M(3) subtypes.
authors.affiliation: Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. lydia.iannazzo@rmit.edu.au
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Iannazzo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Majewski
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017660:Autoreceptors / Q000378:metabolism; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D005663:Furans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009281:Naphthalenes; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043588:Receptor, Muscarinic M4; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D017660:Autoreceptors; D005663:Furans; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D010880:Piperidines; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043588:Receptor, Muscarinic M4; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; C058297:4-fluorohexahydrosiladifenidol; C065959:AFDX 384; D009388:Neostigmine; D010890:Pirenzepine; D001285:Atropine; C042375:4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium; C048172:himbacine; D000109:Acetylcholine