title: Dermal delivery of ETH-615, a zwitterionic drug.
abstract: ETH-615 is an amphoteric drug that forms a water-insoluble zwitterion at intermediate pH values. Increasing the aqueous solubility of ETH-615 through cyclodextrin complexation did not enhance transdermal delivery of the drug from saturated aqueous solutions. However, increasing the lipophilicity of the drug through masking of the anionic group with a pro-moiety increased the dermal and transdermal delivery of the drug. Furthermore, masking the anionic group enhanced the chemical stability of the drug, resulting in significant improvement of the shelf life of the drug in both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thorsteinsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Loftsson
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D010539:Permeability; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D011355:Prodrugs; D011804:Quinolines; C069967:ETH 615