The fat mouse. A powerful genetic model to study hemostatic gene expression in obesity/NIDDM.
In this chapter, we summarize our studies on plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), tissue factor, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) expression in obesity, using genetically obese mice as a model. These studies emphasize the key role played by the adipocyte, a cell whose numbers, size, and metabolic activity are grossly altered in obesity/NIDDM. They also implicate multiple cytokines, hormones, and growth factors in the abnormal expression of these and perhaps other hemostatic genes by adipocytes in obesity/NIDDM. These studies demonstrate that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a central role in the expression of hemostatic genes in this disorder.
Loskutoff
D J
DJ
Department of Vascular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. loskutof@scripps.edu
Fujisawa
K
K
Samad
F
F
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008820:Mice, Obese / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha