title: Description of an intraperitoneal tumour xenograft survival model in the pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experimental animal studies are necessary if the results of minimally invasive oncological surgery are to be improved. In particular the influence of surgical technique on tumour implantation needs further assessment. Small animals such as rodents are inappropriate for such laparoscopic surgical studies. There is a requirement for another animal tumour model with animals greater in size.
  
  
  METHODS
  Accordingly we developed an intraperitoneal tumour xenograft survival model using the domesticated pig. After creating a 12 mmHg pneumoperitoneum, 10(7)human HeLa cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity of nine non-syngeneic animals to induce tumour xenograft. Resection of the sigmoid colon using four trocars and a transanal double-stapling technique was performed. The mean operating time was 69 min. No signs of post-operative pain symptoms were observed, and all the animals survived the procedure and gained weight. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrified and all incision sites and anastomoses were excised.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical staining with antihuman pancytokeratin antibodies confirmed tumour implants in 25 out of 36 port-sites (63.8%). No peritoneal carcinosis nor tumour implants at anastomosis sites were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This intraperitoneal xenograft tumour model in the pig can be applied in survival studies to check the quality of surgical techniques and its influence on tumour implantation following laparoscopy for cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, (Germany).
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reymond
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tannapfel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheidbach
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Köver
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lippert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Köckerling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000601:surgery*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006085:Graft Survival; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous