title: Evidence from mutational specificity studies that yeast DNA polymerases delta and epsilon replicate different DNA strands at an intracellular replication fork.
abstract: Although polymerases delta and epsilon are required for DNA replication in eukaryotic cells, whether each polymerase functions on a separate template strand remains an open question. To begin examining the relative intracellular roles of the two polymerases, we used a plasmid-borne yeast tRNA gene and yeast strains that are mutators due to the elimination of proofreading by DNA polymerases delta or epsilon. Inversion of the tRNA gene to change the sequence of the leading and lagging strand templates altered the specificities of both mutator polymerases, but in opposite directions. That is, the specificity of the polymerase delta mutator with the tRNA gene in one orientation bore similarities to the specificity of the polymerase epsilon mutator with the tRNA gene in the other orientation, and vice versa. We also obtained results consistent with gene orientation having a minor influence on mismatch correction of replication errors occurring in a wild-type strain. However, the data suggest that neither this effect nor differential replication fidelity was responsible for the mutational specificity changes observed in the proofreading-deficient mutants upon gene inversion. Collectively, the data argue that polymerases delta and epsilon each encounter a different template sequence upon inversion of the tRNA gene, and so replicate opposite strands at the plasmid DNA replication fork.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3217, Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Vonarx
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Straffon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kunz
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D007446:Chromosome Inversion; D004257:DNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004258:DNA Polymerase III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000235:genetics*; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000235:genetics; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes / Q000235:genetics; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013698:Templates, Genetic
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D004257:DNA Polymerase II; D004258:DNA Polymerase III; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases