title: Prevalence and correlates of preventive care among adults with diabetes in Kansas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence and correlates of recommended preventive care among adults with diabetes in Kansas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted among a sample of adults (> or = 18 years of age) with self-reported diabetes. Recommended preventive care was defined based on four criteria: number of health-care provider (HCP) visits per year (> or = 4 for insulin users and > or = 2 for nonusers), number of foot examinations per year (> or = 4 for insulin users and > or = 2 for nonusers), an annual dilated eye examination, and a blood pressure measurement in the past 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 640 respondents was 61 years, 58% were women, and 86% were white. In the preceding year, 62% of respondents reported the appropriate number of visits to a HCP 27% the appropriate number of foot examinations, 65% an annual dilated eye examination, and 89% a blood pressure measurement in the preceding 6 months. Only 17% (95% CI 14-20) met all four criteria for recommended care. The adjusted odds of receiving recommended care were higher for males than for females (odds ratio [OR] 1.6; 95% CI 1.1-2.5), higher for people whose HCP scheduled follow-up appointments than for those who self-initiated follow-up (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.6-4.8), and higher for former smokers than for current smokers (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.6-6.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preventive care for people with diabetes is not being delivered in compliance with current guidelines, especially for women and current smokers. Scheduling follow-up visits for patients, targeting certain high-risk populations, and developing protocols to improve foot care may be effective in improving care.
authors.affiliation: Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. hahluwalia@kumc.edu
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Beckles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000517:prevention & control; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000517:prevention & control; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007615:Kansas; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D013689:Telephone; D014481:United States; D014837:Voluntary Health Agencies