title: Accelerated resequestration of cytosolic calcium and suppression of the pro-inflammatory activities of human neutrophils by CGS 21680 in vitro.
abstract: We have investigated the effects of the adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist CGS 21680 (0.01 - 1 microM) on reactive oxidant production by, and elastase release from FMLP-activated human neutrophils, as well as on cytosolic Ca(2+) fluxes and intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP. Oxidant production, elastase release and cyclic AMP were assayed using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, colourimetric and radioimmunoassay procedures respectively, while cytosolic Ca(2+) fluxes were measured by fura-2 spectrofluorimetry in combination with radiometric procedures which distinguish between net efflux and influx of the cation. Treatment of neutrophils with CGS 21680 did not affect the FMLP-activated release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores, but resulted in dose-related acceleration of the rate of decline in fura-2 fluorescence, as well as decreases in both efflux and store-operated influx of Ca(2+), compatible with enhancement of resequestration of the cation by the endo-membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase. These effects on neutrophil Ca(2+) handling were associated with increased intracellular cyclic AMP and with inhibition of oxidant production and release of elastase. In contrast, treatment of neutrophils with the selective A(2A) receptor antagonist, ZM 241385 (2.5 microM), prevented the transient increase in cyclic AMP in FMLP-activated neutrophils which was associated with delayed sequestration of incoming Ca(2+) during store-operated influx. The CGS 21680-mediated reduction of Ca(2+) efflux from FMLP-activated neutrophils was also antagonized by pretreatment of the cells with ZM 241385 (2.5 microM), as well as by thapsigargin (1 microM), an inhibitor of the endo-membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase. ZM 241385 also neutralized the cyclic AMP-elevating and anti-inflammatory interactions of CGS 21680 with neutrophils. We conclude that A(2A) receptors regulate the pro-inflammatory activities of human neutrophils by promoting cyclic AMP-dependent sequestration of cytosolic Ca(2+).
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Unit for Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramafi
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Theron
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016257:Fura-2; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D058906:Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D010627:Phenethylamines; D058906:Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D014227:Triazines; D014230:Triazoles; C097270:ZM 241385; D013481:Superoxides; C061282:2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D019284:Thapsigargin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D000241:Adenosine; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2