title: Preoperative ERCP approach to common bile duct stones: results of a selective policy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a previous study, we made a plea for more selective indications for preoperative ERCP in patients with gallstones based on the results obtained from a liberal policy. Following 3.5 years of implementing this selective policy, a report on the results are presented here. This study was performed in a referral academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 1994 and December 1997, 328 patients underwent cholecystectomy because of symptomatic cholelithiasis. Absolute indications for preoperative ERCP were: acute cholangitis (4 patients); obstructive jaundice (22 patients); gallstone pancreatitis (within the first 24 h in 14 patients), and wide common bile duct (CBD, >8 mm) with suspicion of stones in the biliary tree (2 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 42 patients (12.8%) a preoperative ERCP was performed for these indications. Stones were found in the CBD in 30 patients and edema in the papilla in 2 patients (total 76.2%). The stones could be extracted by endoscopic sphincterotomy in 24 of the 30 patients (80%). Complications were seen in 7 patients (16.7%). All these complications (bleeding of the papilla in 4 and mild pancreatitis in 3 patients) could be treated conservatively. During a mean follow-up of 2.5 years, CBD stones could be demonstrated postoperatively in 3 patients (0.3%). No mortality was observed in this series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this selective policy included the expected outcome of a significant reduction in the number of ERCPs performed from 29 to 12.8% (p < 0.001, chi(2) test) and a better yield of stones, from 29 to 76.2% of the patients. The mortality of the procedure decreased from 2 to 0% whereas morbidity remained the same. This selective policy seems adequate for the preoperative assessment of CBD stones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Vrije Universiteit Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rijna
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Kemps
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Eijsbouts
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Meuwissen
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cuesta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011300:Preoperative Care