title: Malignant pleural disease.
abstract: The vast majority of pleural neoplasms invade the pleura secondarily and can be seen in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, and ovarian or gastric carcinoma. Primary pleural neoplasms are less common, although they have developed notoriety since the up-surge of malignant mesothelioma and the knowledge of its connection to asbestos exposure. Other malignant primary tumors include localized fibrous tumor and pleural liposarcoma. In most patients with diffuse malignant pleural disease the chest radiograph shows pleural effusion with or without pleural thickening. Computed tomography (CT) usually provides precise localization and extent of the disease and may be of value in assessing chest wall and mediastinal involvement. In specific situations, magnetic resonance (MR) may be useful as a problem-solving tool when CT findings of chest wall or diaphragmatic invasion are equivocal or in patients with contraindication to intravenous administration of ionic contrast material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chieti, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Via dei Vestini, 66013, Chieti, Italy. l.bonamo@radiol.unich.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonomo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feragalli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Merlino
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Storto
mesh_terms: D001194:Asbestos / Q000009:adverse effects; D002283:Carcinoma, Bronchogenic / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008080:Liposarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018218:Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000556:secondary*; D011379:Prognosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001194:Asbestos