title: Drugs of abuse modulate the phosphorylation of ARPP-21, a cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein enriched in the basal ganglia.
abstract: ARPP-21 is a cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein of M(r) 21 kDa that is enriched in the cell bodies and terminals of medium-sized spiny neurons in the basal ganglia. Using a new phosphorylation state-specific antibody selective for the detection of ARPP-21 phosphorylated on Ser(55), we have demonstrated that activation of dopamine D1 receptors increased the level of ARPP-21 phosphorylation in mouse striatal slices. Conversely, activation of D2 receptors caused a large decrease in ARPP-21 phosphorylation. Treatment of mice with either methamphetamine or cocaine resulted in increased ARPP-21 phosphorylation in vivo. Studies using specific inhibitors of protein phosphatases and experiments in mice bearing a targeted deletion of the gene for DARPP-32, a dopamine-activated inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1, indicated that protein phosphatase-2A is primarily responsible for dephosphorylation of ARPP-21 in mouse striatum. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of ARPP-21 are tightly regulated in the striatum. We speculate that ARPP-21 might mediate some of the physiologic effects of dopamine and certain drugs of abuse in the basal ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Caporaso
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bibb
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rakhilin
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fienberg
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hemmings
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nairn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Greengard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008387:Marine Toxins; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008387:Marine Toxins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010080:Oxazoles; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C061368:cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein ARPP-21; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D008694:Methamphetamine; C059041:calyculin A; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003042:Cocaine