title: Human caco-2 motility redistributes FAK and paxillin and activates p38 MAPK in a matrix-dependent manner.
abstract: The signals involved in restitution during mucosal healing are poorly understood. We compared focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin protein and phosphorylation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1, ERK2, and p38 activation, as well as FAK and paxillin organization in static and migrating human intestinal Caco-2 cells on matrix proteins and anionically derivatized polystyrene dishes (tissue culture plastic). We also studied effects of FAK, ERK, and p38 blockade in a monolayer-wounding model. Compared with static cells, cells migrating across matrix proteins matrix-dependently decreased membrane/cytoskeletal FAK and paxillin and cytosolic FAK. Tyrosine phosphorylated FAK and paxillin changed proportionately to FAK and paxillin protein. Conversely, cells migrating on plastic increased FAK and paxillin protein and phosphorylation. Migration matrix-dependently activated p38 and inactivated ERK1 and ERK2. Total p38, ERK1, and ERK2 did not change. Caco-2 motility was inhibited by transfection of FRNK (the COOH-terminal region of FAK) and PD-98059, a mitogen-activated protein kinase-ERK kinase inhibitor, but not by SB-203580, a p38 inhibitor, suggesting that FAK and ERK modulate Caco-2 migration. In contrast to adhesion-induced phosphorylation, matrix may regulate motile intestinal epithelial cells by altering amounts and distribution of focal adhesion plaque proteins available for phosphorylation as well as by p38 activation and ERK inactivation. Motility across plastic differs from migration across matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Veterans Affairs Health Care System, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Basson
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology*; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051419:Paxillin; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C496061:PXN protein, human; D051419:Paxillin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014443:Tyrosine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases