title: Tamoxifen and carboplatin for children with low-grade gliomas: a pilot study at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors conducted a single-arm, prospective study using tamoxifen and carboplatin for the treatment of children with progressive or symptomatic low-grade gliomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen children with consecutively diagnosed cases of low-grade glioma were enrolled in this Study; all patients were younger than 14 years. One patient was excluded after induction chemotherapy because of the diagnosis of a nonmalignant condition. Patients were treated with daily tamoxifen (20 mg/m2 administered twice per day) in addition to targeted, monthly intravenous carboplatin at an area under the curve (AUC) exposure of 6.5 mg/mL x minute for 1 year or until they had clinical or radiologic evidence of disease progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age at diagnosis was 5.3 years, the median age at initiation of chemotherapy was 8.3 years. Eight patients had tumors of the hypothalamus/optic pathway, two patients had thalamic tumors, and one patient each had tumors in the temporal lobe, tectum, and brain stem. Tumor histologic findings included fibrillary astrocytoma (n = 2), juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 6), and oligodendroglioma (n = 1). The best response to therapy was a partial response in two patients, stable disease in nine patients, and progressive disease in two patients. The overall survival at 3 years is 69%. The 3-year progression-free survival is 47%. Tamoxifen and carboplatin chemotherapy did not result in a significant number of objective responses in children with low-grade gliomas. The progression-free survival is similar to that of other published series. Nonmyelosuppressive agents such as tamoxifen deserve additional evaluation in the treatment of children with low-grade gliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gajjar
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Langston
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones-Wallace
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kun
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Heideman
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D009837:Oligodendroglioma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013629:Tamoxifen; D016190:Carboplatin; D011493:Protein Kinase C