title: Two arginine rich domains in the p14ARF tumour suppressor mediate nucleolar localization.
abstract: The INK4a/ARF locus encodes two distinct tumour suppressors, p16INK4a and p14ARF, that regulate cell cycle progression via the pRB and p53 pathways, respectively. The ARF protein inhibits hdm2 activity, leading to the stabilization of the p53 tumour suppressor and cell cycle inhibition. The amino-terminal domain of human p14ARF and of the mouse homologue, p19ARF, is sufficient for these effects. This domain is also sufficient for the nucleolar localization of the mouse ARF protein. In contrast, we show that the human ARF protein requires two arginine rich domains, one in the amino- and the other in the carboxy-terminus, for nucleolar targeting. The amino-terminal nucleolar-targeting domain of p14ARF is also important for ARF-hdm2 binding and cell cycle inhibition. The carboxy-terminal p14ARF nucleolar localization domain lies within the shared INK4a/ARF exon 2, and is mutated in a small number of melanoma-prone kindreds. The INK4a/ARF exon2-mutations could affect the function of both the p16INK4a and p14ARF tumour suppressors. Oncogene (2000).
authors.affiliation: Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rizos
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Darmanian
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kefford
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; C497207:Mdm2 protein, mouse; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2