title: Cdk7- and Cdc25A-independent dephosphorylation of Cdk2 during phorbol ester-mediated cell cycle arrest in U937 cells.
abstract: The molecular mechanism underlying protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated cell cycle arrest is poorly understood. We undertook to characterize phorbol ester-activated PKC-mediated cell cycle arrest. Treatment with phorbol ester inhibited cell growth of human histiocytic lymphoma U937 cells with 83% of the cells arrested in G1 phase. Reduced activity of cdk2 correlated with cdk2 dephosphorylation and accumulation of cdk2 inhibitor p21Waf in phorbol ester-treated cells. Dephosphorylation of cdk2 was not associated with cdk7 and cdc25A activity in phorbol ester-treated cells. Protein phosphatase inhibitor assays suggest that the dephosphorylation of cdk2 results in the activation of a specific protein tyrosine phosphatase. Thus, dephosphorylation of cdk2 as well as accumulation of cdk2 inhibitor is likely to contribute to the G1 phase arrest in phorbol ester-treated in U937 cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Keimyung University, Taegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kwun
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nordin
mesh_terms: D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D020298:U937 Cells; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C517004:CDC25A protein, human; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase; C000722416:CDK7 protein, human