title: Characterization of a family with dominant hypophosphatasia.
abstract: A kindred with dominant hypophosphatasia resulting from an alanine to threonine substitution at position 99 of the alkaline phosphatase protein is described. The clinical findings of individual members of the kindred were assessed by oral and physical examinations, or from the descriptions of multiple family members. The proband displayed enamel hypoplasia and premature loss of fully rooted primary anterior teeth, which were shown by histological examination to lack cementum. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and a vitamin B6 panel, and urine phosphoethanolamine (PEA) were measured on 21 family members. Based upon the clinical and laboratory tests, affected and unaffected status was assigned. Parametric linkage analysis of the kindred using different dominant models and frequency distributions for the disease allele and the mutation gave lodscores > 4.2 and confirmed the strong linkage between the disease and the mutation. Assuming the defined mutation causes the disease, the reliability of clinical and laboratory tests is assessed.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, 78229-7888, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Plaetke
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mornet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Simmer
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002648:Child; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000002:abnormalities; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000652:urine; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D007014:Hypophosphatasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D017354:Point Mutation; D013912:Threonine / Q000235:genetics; D014080:Tooth Exfoliation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic
chemical_list: D004983:Ethanolamines; D013912:Threonine; C005448:phosphorylethanolamine; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000409:Alanine