title: Expression of GABA transporters on bullfrog retinal Müller cells.
abstract: gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters (GATs) are involved in regulating GABAergic transmission through the high-affinity uptake and release of GABA. In the present work, the expression of different subtypes of GATs (GAT-1, GAT-2, and GAT-3) on Müller cells was investigated both immunocytochemically and electrophysiologically in the bullfrog retina. Double-labeling experiments of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a specific marker for Müller cells, and GATs showed that the somata, major processes, endfeet, and even branchlets of almost all Müller cells strongly expressed GAT-1 on the membrane, whereas the main trunks and endfeet of about 80-90% Müller cells were moderately GAT-2 labeled. No GAT-3 immunoreactivity was observed in Müller cells. Meanwhile, using the whole-cell recording technique, GAT-mediated currents were recorded from Müller cells in the retinal slice preparation, and they were reversibly blocked by removal of extracellular Na(+) and spread more or less evenly over the surface of these cells. Furthermore, the GATs on the Müller cells were sensitive to both nipecotic acid and beta-alanine, GABA uptake blockers. Taken together, the complementary immunocytochemical and electrophysiological results suggest that bullfrog Müller cells express functional GAT-1 and GAT-2, which may regulate GABAergic transmission by either taking up or releasing GABA, or both.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, CAS, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D011892:Rana catesbeiana; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018755:GABA Agonists; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid