title: Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings in five patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pathologic features of vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Preretinal membranes removed from five patients during vitreous surgery for VMT syndrome were evaluated by electron microscopy (n = 4) and immunohistochemistry (n = 1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electron microscopic examination revealed large segments of internal limiting lamina (ILL) in three of the four cases. Other extracellular features included two types of abnormal collagen fibrils, determined to be type I and fibrous long-spacing collagen. The myofibrocyte was the predominant cell type in all cases. Collagen types I, II, and III, as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin, were identified by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epiretinal membranes in eyes with VMT syndrome adhered tightly to the ILL with abnormal collagen and contractile elements that included myofibrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka-shi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020255:Vitreous Detachment / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D014746:Vimentin; D003094:Collagen