title: Recent experience with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy (PEG/J) for enteral nutrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enteral feeding is the preferred means of nutritional support in patients unable to eat orally. Jejunal-placed feeding tubes are often considered optimal for this purpose. Successful administration of such tube feedings depends on the method of placement and the size of the tube. Herein we review our experience with endoscopically placed jejunal feeding tubes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy (PEG/J) tubes were placed in 13 patients at the Emory University hospital by one surgeon. Indications for jejunal placement included aspiration in five patients and suspicion of increased reflux susceptibility in eight patients. Insertion of an 8.5-Fr nasobiliary tube was attempted in nine patients using the technique described by Coates and MacFadyen. A 12-Fr tube was placed in four patients using a technique that took advantage of previously placed PEG tubes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial placement was successful in all but one patient. Nine tube-related complications occurred in seven patients. These included six tube occlusions, one tube site infection, one peristomal leak, and one tube perforation that required replacement. Five of six tube occlusions (83%) occurred in the smaller 8.5-Fr. tubes. There was one non-tube-related death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PEG/J insertion can be performed successfully and safely in most patients. Long-term tube patency is, however, dependent on the use of tubes with a large diameter; thus, modalities that enable placement of larger-sized tubes are preferable. Further technical developments are needed to facilitate the endoscopic insertion of larger jejunostomy tubes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome