title: Local application of advanced glycation end products and intimal hyperplasia in the rabbit collared carotid artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the vessel wall has been implicated in atherogenesis. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of local application of glycated bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) on collar-induced intimal hyperplasia in a diabetes-free setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intimal thickening was induced by placing a collar around the carotid artery of rabbits. Via a catheter attached to an osmotic minipump, control BSA or AGE-BSA was administered locally to the vessel wall in a dose of 1.5 or 15 microg h(-1) during 14 days. Vessels receiving phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 5 microl h(-1)) were used as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infusion of AGE-BSA 15 microg h(-1) significantly enhanced intimal thickening as compared to control BSA or PBS. Positive remodelling, measured as an increase in the area comprised by the external elastic lamina and preservation of lumen size, was only significant after treatment with the higher dose of AGE-BSA. In all other groups, intimal thickening was accompanied by a decrease of the lumen without outward displacement. Infusion of control BSA or AGE-BSA changed the cell composition of the neointima, with a significant enhancement in the number of T-lymphocytes and macrophages and a reduction in the percentage of intimal area occupied by smooth muscle cells. These effects were however similar for control BSA as well as AGE-BSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that infusion of control BSA or AGE-BSA may aggravate collar-induced intimal thickening by evoking an inflammatory response. This supports the concept that inflammation contributes to atherogenesis. Further, the significant enhancement in intimal hyperplasia by AGE-BSA suggests that glycated proteins provide an additional stimulus for the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, University of Antwerp (UIA), Wilrijk, Belgium. crauhert@uia.ua.ac.be
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Crauwels
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bult
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine