title: Microrobots for micrometer-size objects in aqueous media: potential tools for single-cell manipulation.
abstract: Conducting polymers are excellent materials for actuators that are operated in aqueous media. Microactuators based on polypyrrole-gold bilayers enable large movement of structures attached to these actuators and are of particular interest for the manipulation of biological objects, such as single cells. A fabrication method for creating individually addressable and controllable polypyrrole-gold microactuators was developed. With these individually controlled microactuators, a micrometer-size manipulator, or microrobotic arm, was fabricated. This microrobotic arm can pick up, lift, move, and place micrometer-size objects within an area of about 250 micrometers by 100 micrometers, making the microrobot an excellent tool for single-cell manipulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Division of Applied Physics, Linköpings universitet, S-581 83, Linköping, Sweden. edjag@ifm.liu.se
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Inganäs
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lundström
mesh_terms: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D001826:Body Fluids; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005898:Glass; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D013677:Medical Laboratory Science / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008863:Microspheres; D008866:Microsurgery; D008904:Miniaturization; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; D011758:Pyrroles; D012371:Robotics; D012825:Silicon; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; D011758:Pyrroles; D014867:Water; C067635:polypyrrole; C079040:benzocyclobutene; C001114:dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid; D006046:Gold; D012825:Silicon