title: Absence of coreceptor switch with disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus infections in India.
abstract: The envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) utilizes CD4 as a receptor and CCR5 and/or CXCR4 as coreceptor to gain entry into the cell. The CCR5-tropic viruses, observed early in infection, could be important in transmission and the CXCR4-tropic viruses, observed late, may play an important role in disease progression. Viruses from 40 HIV-positive, asymptomatic or symptomatic individuals in India were isolated. Of 40 isolates 39 used CCR5. Thirty-three isolates were subtype C, 3 isolates were subtype A, and 4 isolates were HIV-2. Only 1 HIV-2 isolate, from a symptomatic individual, was dualtropic. Therefore, a majority of isolates from India belonged to subtype C and all the isolates utilized CCR5 exclusively irrespective of HIV disease status.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Virology, Pune, 411001, India. cdayaraj@hotmail.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cecilia
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tripathy
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Gangakhedkar
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Paranjape
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gadkari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008875:Middle Aged; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4