title: Downregulation of proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-X(S) in p53 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinomas.
abstract: As the occurrence of structural p53 mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Thailand was previously reported to be much lower than that found in other high-incidence HCC areas, we analyzed 16 HCC samples from Thailand to determine the expression and functionality of p53 protein. We observed the overexpression of p53 protein in 69% of HCC, despite the prevalence of the wild-type p53 gene. However, the overexpressed p53 protein was nonfunctional as suggested by its inability to modulate the expressions of several p53 effector proteins (p21 and Bcl-2 family proteins). In addition, we observed significant underexpression of two proapoptotic proteins, Bax and Bcl-X(S), in 81% (P = 0.02) and 64% (P = 0.03) of HCC, respectively. Consequently, the ratios of proapoptotic to antiapoptotic BCL-2 family proteins were reduced in 88% of the HCC tumor tissues when compared to normal tissues, such that the rheostat between BCL-2 family proteins is strongly skewed toward enhanced cell survival in the tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 30 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117609, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Beerheide
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jedpiyawongse
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srivatanakul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019098:Telomerase / Q000378:metabolism; D013785:Thailand; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D019927:Cyclin E; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D019098:Telomerase