Workshop to identify critical windows of exposure for children's health: cardiovascular and endocrine work group summary.
The work group on cardiovascular and endocrine effects was asked to review the current state of knowledge about children's windows of vulnerability to developmental toxicants and to recommend how that information may be used to improve risk assessment and public health. We considered differences between structural defects, where periods of vulnerability are rather well defined, and functional defects, where periods of vulnerability are quite elusive.
Barr
M
M
Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Obstetrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. barr@umich.edu
DeSesso
J M
JM
Lau
C S
CS
Osmond
C
C
Ozanne
S E
SE
Sadler
T W
TW
Simmons
R A
RA
Sonawane
B R
BR
D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000009:adverse effects*
D013723:Teratogens; D015262:Xenobiotics