title: A study of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the value of postoperative radiotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with positive regional lymph metastases (NI or N2) after radical surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 1982 to October 1995, 366 patients with NSCLC and N1 or N2 disease were randomized into postoperative radiotherapy (S + R) (183 patients) and no further treatment (S alone) (182 patients). Postoperative radiotherapy (RT) was administrated 3-4 weeks after radical operation. Irradiated fields covered the bronchial stump, ipsilateral hilum, and most of the mediastinum. The midplane dose was 6000 cGy/30 fractions/6 weeks, with the spinal cord limited to 4000 cGy/20 fractions/4 weeks or less. One hundred thirty-four patients in S + R group and 162 patients in S alone group were evaluated. Clinical data were comparable in both arms, except for the numbers of N2 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 51.9% and 42.9% in the S + R group and 50.2% and 40.5% in the S alone Group (p = 0.56). The 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 50.7% +/- 4.7% and 42.9% +/- 5.2% in the S + R group vs. 44.4% +/- 4.3% and 38.2% +/- 4.5% in the S alone group (p = 0.28), respectively. In the patients with NI or T3-4 tumors, there was a trend toward improved survival in the S + R group, especially in the patients with T3-4N1M0. These patients demonstrated 20% improvement in overall survival (p = 0.092) and greater than 20% better disease-free survival (p = 0.057). Postoperative RT reduced local recurrence but had no impact on distant metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative RT significantly reduced local relapses, but did not improve overall survival, due to a high frequency of distant metastases in this patient group.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital/ Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical University, Beijing, China. quinfuf@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Q F
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011184:Postoperative Period; D015996:Survival Rate