title: Severity of synovium and bone marrow abnormalities of the temporomandibular joint in early rheumatoid arthritis: role of gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted spin echo MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy of dynamic contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed MRI of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in detecting early joint involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional T1- and T2-weighted, gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted, and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed SE imaging sequences were performed in 22 patients with RA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dynamic gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted SE sequence was more sensitive than the other techniques in detecting early changes in inflamed synovium of periarticular tissue and in detecting condylar bone marrow involvement. In patients with RA, 17 joints with joint pain showed synovial proliferation in 10 (59%) cases and joint effusion in 4 (24%). Of 14 joints with joint sound, 4 (29%) showed synovial proliferation and 7 (50%) showed joint effusion. A lower positional change of the disk was observed in joints with RA than in those with TMJ disorders (82 patients).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed MRI was extremely effective in diagnosing early changes of the inflamed TMJ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Radiology, Kagoshima University Dental School, Kagoshima City, Japan. suenaga@denta.hal.kogoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suenaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noikura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D005682:Gadolinium