title: [The respiratory muscles in emphysema. The effects of thoracic distension].
abstract: Besides increasing the work of ventilation, emphysema increases lung volume which in itself has a deleterious effect on the inspiratory muscles. We review here the effects of an acute change in lung volume on the configuration of the rib cage and muscle function. We also discuss the effects of the chronic distension associated with emphysema. The effects produced by changes in muscle length and configuration on the mechanical force and action of inspiratory muscles is detailed with particular focus on the diaphragm and its structural adaptations to experimental emphysema. We also analyze the activation pattern of inspiratory and expiratory muscles during the breathing process in patients with emphysema. Finally, we discuss the effects of single-lung transplantation and reduction surgery on chest distension and improved inspiratory muscle function.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cassart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Estenne
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation / Q000502:physiology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000502:physiology; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013909:Thorax / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014939:Work of Breathing / Q000502:physiology
vernacular_title: Les muscles respiratoires dans l'emphysème. Effets de la distension thoracique.