title: The effect of intrathecal endomorphin-2 on the flexor reflex in normal, inflamed and axotomized rats: reduced effect in rats with autotomy.
abstract: Endomorphin-2, a newly discovered endogenous opioid peptide and agonist at the mu-opioid receptor, was injected intrathecally in normal rats and animals with unilateral peripheral inflammation or sciatic nerve section and its effect on the nociceptive flexor reflex was analysed. In normal rats, intrathecal endomorphin-2 induced a strong and dose-dependent depression of the reflex, which was naloxone-reversible. The effect of intrathecal endomorphin-2 was fairly brief, lasting for about 20-30 min at the highest dose, 4 microg. The effect of endomorphin-2 in inflamed rats was not significantly different from that in normals. After nerve section some rats developed autotomy behavior. In these rats endomorphin-2 had significantly reduced effect. However, the reflex depressive effect of intrathecal endomorphin-2 was unchanged in axotomized rats without autotomy. It is suggested that intrathecal endomorphin-2 has antinociceptive effect in the rat spinal cord under normal and inflammatory conditions. After peripheral nerve injury the sensitivity to endmorphin-2 may be reduced in rats that exhibit ongoing neuropathic pain-like behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Technology, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wiesenfeld-Hallin
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009842:Oligopeptides; C105294:endomorphin 2; D002351:Carrageenan