title: Population attributable fraction of stroke incidence in middle-aged and elderly people: contributions of hypertension, smoking and atrial fibrillation.
abstract: We determined the population attributable fraction (PAF) of stroke due to hypertension (HT), atrial fibrillation (Af) and smoking in a Japanese community. Residents of Shibata (n = 2,302) who were surveyed initially in 1977 were followed until 1997. Two hundred and thirteen first strokes occurred. Among those 40-64 years of age, the risk ratio (RR) of Af was 11.24, followed by untreated HT (3.61), uncontrolled HT (3.69) and smoking (1.84). The PAFs, however, were 14.9% for smoking, 13.5% for untreated HT, 8.6% for uncontrolled HT and 3.6% for Af. Among those over 65 years, only Af was significant (RR 3.89) and the PAF was 6.0%. Determination of PAFs is also essential for designing effective stroke prevention programs in communities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. takeo18@ibm.net
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshiike
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Date
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Detels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology