title: In vivo study of the pulp reaction to Fuji IX, a glass ionomer cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aims were to investigate the pulp biocompatibility of Fuji IX, a glass ionomer cement (GIC) used as a restorative material in cavities prepared in rat's upper molars, and to assess the value of this in vivo model for testing dental biomaterials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Half-moon class V-like cavities were drilled on the mesial aspect of 26 rat upper first molars. Half of the experimental rats whose molars were restored with the GIC were killed after 8days and the second half after 30days. They were compared with two control groups, also submitted to cavity preparation, but with cavities left unfilled. Again, half of the control rats were killed at 8 days and the second half after 30days. Following intracardiac perfusion with the fixative solution, the specimens were processed to histologic procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 8 days, in both groups a few inflammatory cells were observed. The odontoblastic layer was disrupted and dilated blood vessels were seen in the pulp area related to the cut tubules. The experimental group displayed a moderate inflammatory reaction whereas only a slight reaction was detected in the control group. In few teeth, bacteria were visualized in dentine tubules beneath the GIC restoration. Such colonies were not observed in unfilled molars.After 30days, in both groups, the pulp tissue recovered and displayed a normal appearance. Disruptions of the odontoblast layer were not visible anymore. Bacteria penetration into dentine tubules was reduced compared with the 8-day situation. A thick layer of reparative osteodentine was formed. However no difference in thickness was detected between the experimental and control groups, supporting that the formation of reparative dentine is not impaired. Irregular mineralizations including calcospherites were induced by the GIC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that, despite small alterations in the mineralization processes, the GIC Fuji IX has a good biocompatibility and does not induce any harmful effect on pulp cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Six
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lasfargues
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003809:Dentin, Secondary / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008963:Molar; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014074:Tooth Calcification / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C110713:fuji IX