title: Household crowding and compliance with outpatient treatment in patients with non-affective functional psychoses in São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Compliance with outpatient treatment can reduce the use of psychiatric inpatient services by people with severe mental disorders. In developing countries, socio-economic factors may be associated with compliance with outpatient treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-year prospective cohort study was conducted of 99 patients with non-affective functional psychoses who were discharged from hospital. Standardized assessments were used for psychopathology, social functioning and use of psychiatric services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two patients (42.4%) missed all outpatient appointments for at least 2 consecutive months. Household crowding was the only variable associated with poor compliance, patients living in very crowded homes being more than twice as likely to show poor compliance as those living in less crowded homes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In large urban centres in developing countries, strategies to improve compliance with outpatient treatment targeted towards those living in overcrowded households may reduce use of psychiatric beds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. pmenezes@usp.br
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scazufca
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001938:Brazil; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012306:Risk