The structure of the human LIM protein ACT gene and its expression in tumor cell lines.
We describe the human ACT genomic and cDNA sequence which like its murine counterpart contains the defining secondary structure of the FHL (Four-and-a-Half LIM-domain) LIM-protein family. The coding region of the human ACT gene spans five exons. This distribution is very similar to the FHL1 gene and includes the arrangement of split codons across exon boundaries suggesting that these genes share a common ancestor. The human ACT gene was not detected by Northern analysis in the adult testis although this is the only known site of expression found with its murine counterpart. However, the human ACT gene was found to be expressed in a panel of human tumor cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas, melanomas, and leukemias. Interestingly, FHL1, FHL2, and FHL3 were also found to be expressed in some of these cell lines and the results suggest an important role for FHLs in tumor biology.
Morgan
M J
MJ
Department of Orthodontics, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, London, WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom. mmorgan@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
Whawell
S A
SA
D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D015870:Gene Expression; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C105987:FHL2 protein, human; C117563:FHL3 protein, human; C504656:FHL5 protein, human; C491382:Fhl2 protein, mouse; C501160:Fhl3 protein, mouse; C504657:Fhl5 protein, mouse; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C117930:activator of CREM in testis (ACT)