title: Toxigenic strains of Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium proliferatum isolated from dairy cattle feed produce fumonisins, moniliformin and a new C21H38N2O6 metabolite phytotoxic to Lemna minor L.
abstract: Corn samples suspected of causing refusal-to-eat syndrome in dairy cattle were examined mycologically. Fusarium moniliforme (14 isolates) and F. proliferatum (12 isolates) were the predominant fungi present. These isolates were tested for mycotoxin production on rice at 25 degrees C. Each strain of F. moniliforme produced fumonisin B1 (FB1: 378-15,600 ppm) and fumonisin B2 (FB2: 2-1050 ppm). Each strain of F. proliferatum produced moniliformin (45-16,000 ppm), FB1 (27-6140 ppm), and FB2 (5-1550 ppm). In addition, a new Fusarium metabolite of molecular composition C21H38N2O6 was produced by 10 of the F. moniliforme isolates and 7 of the F. proliferatum isolates. The metabolite's 1H- and 13C-NMR, HRFAB/MS and IR spectra indicate an alpha amino acid. It is toxic to Lemna minor L. duckweed (LD50 100 micrograms/mL).
authors.affiliation: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. vesondrf@mail.ncaur.usda.gov
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Vesonder
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weisleder
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krick
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: McAlpin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D003612:Dairying; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000662:veterinary; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D003503:Cyclobutanes; D009183:Mycotoxins; C008539:moniliformin