title: T-plate fixation of distal radial closing wedge osteotomies for treatment of angular limb deformities in 18 dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the surgical technique and clinical results of treatment for forelimb angular limb deformities, secondary to premature distal radial or ulnar physeal closure, by using T-plate fixation of a distal radial closing wedge osteotomy in 18 dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  18 client-owned dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 18 dogs that underwent a distal radial closing wedge osteotomy with T-plate fixation for correction of a forelimb angular limb deformity were reviewed. Small pins (Kirschner wires) were used to obtain the appropriate alignment of the antebrachiocarpal and elbow joints and proper limb orientation. In-hospital follow-up evaluation was obtained at the time fracture healing was observed radiographically. Further long-term follow-up was obtained by owner interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteotomy sites were radiographically healed within 4 to 12 weeks (mean, 8 weeks) after surgery in the 14 dogs that returned for in-hospital follow-up. Limb function was graded as good or excellent in all dogs. Long-term follow-up by owner interview rated limb function and cosmetic appearance as good to excellent in all dogs. Plate removal was necessary in one dog 7 months after surgery because of osteopenia in the radius.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This surgical technique was considered successful in the treatment of angular limb deformities in all dogs. A good to excellent prognosis is to be expected with this technique, with minimal complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a T-plate for the correction of angular limb deformities has not been previously described in the literature. This technique permits accurate correction of the angular limb deformity and minimizes postoperative complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, N. Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Balfour
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Boudrieau
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Gores
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000662:veterinary*; D004285:Dogs / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005552:Forelimb / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000662:veterinary; D011859:Radiography; D011884:Radius / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D011996:Records / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014457:Ulna / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery