title: Characterization and treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture after segmental liver transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Biliary anastomotic strictures (BAS) after left lateral segment liver transplantation (LLST) may cause graft dysfunction, sepsis, and patient mortality. A review of the authors' experience was performed to better characterize the risk factors and corrective management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 9 children who underwent a LLST in whom a BAS developed from 1989 to the present were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five of 199 liver transplants (38%) at the authors' institution since 1989 have been LLST. BAS developed in 12% of these cases. BAS were diagnosed less than 12 months after transplantation in 4 children (mean, 7.5 months; range, 5 to 11 months) and greater than 12 months in 5 children (mean, 37 months; range, 14 to 72 months). Early strictures (<12 months) were associated with hepatic artery thrombosis (n = 1), and posttransplant bile leak (n = 1) and ducts from segment II and III exiting separately from the left lateral segment (n = 2). The diagnosis of BAS was heralded by episodes of liver biopsy-proven cholangitis in all patients and confirmed radiographically. Seven children underwent successful biliary exploration and revision of the hepaticojejunostomy. Two of these children ultimately required retransplantation secondary to chronic graft rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BAS in LLST are a source of significant morbidity and should be considered in children after LLST who present with cholangitis. Surgical correction is possible in most cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19134, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schindel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Billmire
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vinocur
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weintraub
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies