title: Huperzine A improves cognitive deficits caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats.
abstract: The effects of (-)-huperzine A, a promising therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease, on learning behavior and on alterations of the cholinergic system, the oxygen free radicals and energy metabolites induced by permanent bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries were investigated in rats. Daily oral administration of huperzine A produced a significant improvement of the deficit in the learning of the water maze task, beginning 28 days after ischemia, correlating to about 33-40% inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in cortex and hippocampus. Huperzine A significantly restored the decrease in choline acetyltransferase activity in hippocampus and significantly reduced the increases in superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxide, lactate and glucose to their normal levels. The present findings demonstrate that the improvement by huperzine A of the cognitive dysfunction in the late phase in chronically hypoperfused rats is due to its effects, not only on the cholinergic system, but also on the oxygen free radical system and energy metabolism. Our results strongly suggest that huperzine A has therapeutic potential for the treatment of dementia caused by cholinergic dysfunction and/or decrease of cerebral blood flow.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: X C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000470:Alkaloids; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007773:Lactates; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D011506:Proteins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C050426:huperzine A; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005947:Glucose