title: Musculoskeletal examination teaching in rheumatoid arthritis education: trained patient educators compared to nonspecialist doctors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether students taught by trained patients acquire the same levels of competence in musculoskeletal examination skills as students taught by nonspecialist doctors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Year 1 Graduate Medical Program (GMP) students (N = 25) at Hospital A were randomized to 8 tutorial groups, each comprising 3-4 students. Groups were taught hand and wrist examination skills by patient educators trained by the Searle Patient Partners in Arthritis program (patient partners). Students at Hospitals B and C (N = 12) remained in their normal tutorial groups, each comprising 3-4 students. Groups at Hospitals B and C were taught hand and wrist examination skills by doctors who had no specialized training in musculoskeletal medicine or orthopedics, with an untrained patient present.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students' mean self-ratings of examination skills before and students' patient partners, and consultants' mean ratings of students' examination skills after the tutorial were summed. Before the tutorial there were no significant differences in level of skill between students at Hospitals A, B, and C as measured by students' self-ratings. After the tutorial all students showed clear gains in levels of skill. Students taught by patient partners had higher levels of skill than those taught by doctors for 3 (p<0.01) and 4 (p<0.05) out of 14 examination skills and all 4 communication skills (p<0.05), as measured by both patient partners' and consultants' ratings. Students taught by doctors showed higher levels of skill for 2 observation skills, but these differences were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient partners are either equal or superior to doctors not specifically trained in musculoskeletal medicine or orthopedics, in the teaching of musculoskeletal examination techniques and basic communication skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schrieber
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hendry
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008511:Medicine; D009141:Musculoskeletal System; D010358:Patient Participation; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000193:education*; D013038:Specialization; D014955:Wrist Joint