title: Pediatric reconstructive surgery.
abstract: The field of reconstructive pediatric urologic surgery is constantly changing. Recent changes in pediatric urologic reconstructive surgery are discussed in the present review. Surgical techniques for treating patients with hypospadias, exstrophy, incontinence, and ambiguous or variant genitalia are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1089, USA. christopher-cooper@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Snyder
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D010372:Pediatrics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*