title: Distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among HIV-seropositive patients in the interior of Côte d'Ivoire.
abstract: Limited data exist on the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study is to describe the distribution of genetic subtypes of HIV-1 strains in six regions of Côte d'Ivoire. In 1997, we consecutively collected blood from 172 HIV-1-infected patients from six regional tuberculosis treatment centers. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from these people were analyzed by a restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) assay that involves a sequential endonuclease digestion of a 297-base pair polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragment; plasma samples were tested by a V3-loop peptide enzyme immunoassay (PEIA). DNA sequencing of the protease or env genes was performed on all samples discordant in the two assays as well as a random sample of the concordant subtyped samples. Of 172 specimens, 3 were PCR-negative, and 169 were putatively classified as subtype A by RFLP. The 3 PCR-negative samples were unequivocally subtyped A by PEIA. Of the 169 RFLP subtype A samples, 159 (94%) were subtyped A by PEIA. Of the 10 discordant samples, PEIA testing classified 3 as subtype C, 2 as D, and 5 as F. Sequencing of the env gene classified these samples as 1 subtype A, 4 Ds, and 5 Gs. Thus, 163 (95%) of the specimens were subtype A, 3 subtype D, 4 subtype G, 1 A/D, and 1 A/G (IbNG) circulating recombinant forms (CRF). In conclusion, most HIV-1-infected tuberculosis patients throughout the interior of Côte d'Ivoire are infected with HIV-1 subtype A, which are very likely the A/G (IbNG) CRF. The uniform distribution of this subtype makes Côte d'Ivoire a potential site for vaccine trials.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Project RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. jcn5@cdc.gov
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Nkengasong
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abouya
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pieniazek
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maurice
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sassan-Morokro
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ellenberger
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pau
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dobbs
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Respess
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Wiktor
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rayfield
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005260:Female; D015752:Genes, env; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016333:HIV Protease