Direct vascular effects of estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators.
The aim of this review is to provide an update on the latest advancements in the field of the action of estrogens on the cardiovascular system, and particularly on the molecular mechanisms of the direct effects of these hormones and of some of the new synthetic selective estrogen receptor modulators on the vascular wall.
Simoncini
T
T
Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Italy.
Genazzani
A R
AR
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D004967:Estrogens; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators