Olestra consumption does not predict serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins in free-living humans: early results from the sentinel site of the olestra post-marketing surveillance study.
In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved olestra, a fat substitute, for use in snack foods. Previous studies had shown that olestra consumption could reduce absorption of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins. To determine the association between consumption of olestra-containing snack foods and serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins in a free-living population, we interviewed independent population-based cross-sectional samples of 1043 adults before olestra was available and 933 adults 9 mo after olestra snacks were introduced into the marketplace in Marion County, IN, the first major test market for olestra. A cohort composed of 403 adults from the first survey, oversampling those most frequently reporting olestra consumption during follow-up telephone interviews, completed a second survey. We assessed diet, lifestyle factors and olestra consumption, and collected blood for assays for the serum concentrations of six carotenoids, four fat-soluble vitamins and lipids. Nine months after the introduction of olestra into the marketplace, 15.5% of Marion County residents reported consuming an olestra-containing snack in the previous month, with a median frequency among consumers of 3.0 times per month. There were no significant associations or consistent trends for decreased serum carotenoids or fat-soluble vitamins associated with olestra consumption, although cohort members consuming >/=2 g/d of olestra had adjusted total serum carotenoids 15% lower compared with baseline. There were increases in serum vitamin K concentrations associated with olestra consumption (P = 0.03 in the cross section and P = 0.06 in the cohort). In summary, there was no statistically significant evidence in this free-living population of associations between olestra consumption and decreased serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins.
Thornquist
M D
MD
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Kristal
A R
AR
Patterson
R E
RE
Neuhouser
M L
ML
Rock
C L
CL
Neumark-Sztainer
D
D
Cheskin
L J
LJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019358:Fat Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D012995:Solubility; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*; D044465:White People
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D014812:Vitamin K; D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids; D013395:Sucrose; C013692:sucrose polyester