title: Tumor localization by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes labeled with indium-111 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adoptive immunotherapy with autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is a promising approach for cancer bio-therapy. One issue, however, is whether such cells actually migrate to sites of tumor after intravenous infusion. There have been several reports of tumor uptake of radiolabeled TIL in patients with metastatic melanoma, but efforts to visualize tumor with radiolabeled TIL in other tumor types reportedly have been unsuccessful.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients with metastatic cancer (5 renal, 2 melanoma, 1 colon) received an intravenous infusion of 2 to 100 billion autologous TIL, including 50 million TIL which had been conjugated to 500 microCi Indium-111, co-administered with interleukin-2 (IL-2). One patient received 1 gm/m2 of cyclophosphamide one day prior to TIL; seven patients received interferon alpha 2b for 4 days prior to receiving TIL. Total body gamma camera imaging, including single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), was performed at 24 and 48 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All eight patients had demonstrable uptake of 111-Indium-labeled TIL into one or more known sites of tumor. There were no known sites of tumor which were not imaged. Metastatic sites imaged included bone, brain, mediastinal and perihilar lymph nodes, lung and liver parenchyma, abdominal periaortic nodes, and a pelvic mass. One patient served as a negative control in that the TIL scan was negative at a time when she had no evident disease, but a few weeks later had a positive TIL scan which lead to a diagnosis of axillary recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uptake of radiolabeled TIL, whether CD8+ or CD4+, by metastatic renal cell carcinoma and other carcinomas was similar to that previously reported in melanoma. Pretreatment with cyclophosphamide was not a prerequisite for imaging, and TIL uptake did not predict tumor response.
authors.affiliation: Patty and George Hoag Cancer Center, Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, California 92658, USA
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Dillman
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hurwitz
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schiltz
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Beutel
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: O'Connor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes