title: Serum markers of graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Graft-versus-host disease is one of the major complications after allogenic bone marrow transplantation, but it is not easy to anticipate the onset.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine clinically useful markers of acute graft-versus-host disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, soluble c-kit, soluble Fas, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, growth-related oncogene protein-alpha, thrombomodurin, and interleukin-16 in 13 patients at 1 to 7 weeks after allogenic bone marrow transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with acute graft-versus-host disease showed a significant increase of tumor necrosis factor, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, soluble Fas, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and growth-related oncogene protein-alpha, although there was a decrease of soluble c-kit. The increases of serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and growth-related oncogene protein-alpha were preceded by the elevation of soluble Fas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients with acute graft-versus-host disease had increased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, soluble Fas, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and a decreased soluble c-kit level. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and soluble c-kit were shown to be sensitive and specific parameters for graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation, and soluble Fas was shown to be a predictor of acute graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, the 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. kayaba@yukari.hos.akita-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kayaba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Changhao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Urayama
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chihara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000097:blood; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood; D012995:Solubility; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019410:Interleukin-16; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit