title: Molecular and biological analysis of carcinoma of the small intestine: beta-catenin gene mutation by interstitial deletion involving exon 3 and replication error phenotype.
abstract: The genetic mechanisms of carcinomas of the small intestine are not well understood. We report the results of analysis of genetic alterations in a case of small intestinal carcinoma. A tumor in the terminal ileum was resected in a 59-yr-old woman. Histologically, the tumor was classified as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. We screened for genetic alterations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), beta-catenin, K-ras, and p53 genes, as well as microsatellite instability, which are known to be involved in colorectal tumorigenesis. The tumor exhibited somatic interstitial deletion of 425-bp, which included the entire exon 3 in beta-catenin gene. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed accumulation of aberrant beta-catenin protein in the cytoplasm and nuclei of the malignant tissue. Furthermore, a frameshift mutation in the transforming growth factor beta receptor type II gene with replication error phenotype was detected in the tumor DNA. In contrast, no genetic alterations were found in the APC, K-ras, and p53 genes. Our results suggested that both beta-catenin gene mutation and replication error phenotype might contribute to carcinogenesis of the small intestinal tumor in our case. This is the first report that activation of beta-catenin gene by somatic gene mutation is involved in the development of carcinoma of the small intestine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ikeda Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimano
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D007421:Intestine, Small; D008875:Middle Aged; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051176:beta Catenin