Three probands with autistic disorder and isodicentric chromosome 15.
We have identified three unrelated probands with autistic disorder (AD) and isodicentric chromosomes that encompass the proximal region of 15q11.2. All three probands met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition [DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994], and International Classification of Diseases ( ICD-10) diagnostic criteria for AD, confirmed with the Autism Diagnostic Interview -Revised (ADI-R). Chromosome analysis revealed the following karyotypes: 47,XX,+idic(15)(q11.2), 47,XX, +idic(15) (q11.2), and 47,XY,+idic(15)(q11.2). Haplotype analysis of genotypic maker data in the probands and their parents showed that marker chromosomes in all three instances were of maternal origin. Comparison of the clinical findings of the three AD probands with case reports in the published literature (N = 20) reveals a clustering of physical and developmental features. Specifically, these three probands and the majority of reported probands in the literature exhibited hypotonia (n = 13), seizures (n = 13), and delayed gross motor development (n = 13). In addition, clustering of the following clinical signs was seen with respect to exhibited speech delay (n = 13), lack of social reciprocity (n = 11), and stereotyped behaviors (n = 12). Collectively, these data provide further evidence for the involvement of chromosome 15 in AD as well as present preliminary data suggesting a clustering of clinical features in AD probands with proximal 15q anomalies.
Wolpert
C M
CM
Department of Medicine and the Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Menold
M M
MM
Bass
M P
MP
Qumsiyeh
M B
MB
Donnelly
S L
SL
Ravan
S A
SA
Vance
J M
JM
Gilbert
J R
JR
Abramson
R K
RK
Wright
H H
HH
Cuccaro
M L
ML
Pericak-Vance
M A
MA
D000293:Adolescent; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics*; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002873:Chromosome Fragility; D002884:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D018404:Isochromosomes; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D010375:Pedigree