title: Nonreceptor tyrosine protein kinase pp60c-src in spatial learning: synapse-specific changes in its gene expression, tyrosine phosphorylation, and protein-protein interactions.
abstract: c-src is a nonreceptor tyrosine protein kinase that is highly concentrated in synaptic regions, including synaptic vesicles and growth cones. Here, we report that the mRNA signal of pp60c-src is widely distributed in the rat brain with particularly high concentrations in the hippocampus. After spatial maze learning, up-regulation of c-src mRNA was observed in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, which was accompanied by increases in pp60c-src protein in hippocampal synaptosomal preparations. Training also triggered an increase in c-src protein tyrosine kinase activity that was correlated with its tyrosine dephosphorylation in the synaptic membrane fraction. After training, pp60c-src from hippocampus showed enhanced interactions with synaptic proteins such as synapsin I, synaptophysin, and the type 2 N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, as well as the cytoskeletal protein actin. The association of pp60c-src with insulin receptor in the synaptic membrane fraction, however, was temporally decreased after training. Furthermore, in vitro results showed that Ca(2+) and protein kinase C might be involved in the regulation of protein-protein interactions of pp60c-src. These results suggest, therefore, that pp60c-src participates in the regulation of hippocampal synaptic activity during learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Adaptive Systems, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. zhaow@ninds.nih.gov
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavallaro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gusev
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Alkon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000737:chemistry; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); D002118:Calcium