title: Prevalence of mutations associated with reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconverters in the United States, 1993-1998.
abstract: To assess the prevalence of mutations associated with decreased antiretroviral drug susceptibility, specimens were tested from persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during 1993-1998. Subjects were drug naive and were attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in 6 US cities. All were enrolled consecutively and had tested negative for HIV during the 2 years before enrollment. Plasma specimens from patients having >/=1 reverse transcriptase (RT) or primary protease mutation were tested phenotypically with a recombinant virus assay. Of 99 patients, 6 (6%) had mutations associated with zidovudine resistance, 2 (2%) had mutations associated with nonnucleoside RT inhibitor resistance, and 1 (1%) had a primary protease mutation. Overall, the prevalence of resistance-associated primary mutations was 5%, although high levels of decreased drug susceptibility (IC(50)s >/=10 times that of a reference virus) were observed in just 1%. These findings confirm the transmission of these mutations to drug-naive persons.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333. hsw2@cdc.gov
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Respess
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heneine
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Petropoulos
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Hellmann
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pau
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gwinn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents