title: Bactericidal activity of gentamicin against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The activity of gentamicin at various concentrations against two strains of Enterococcus faecalis was investigated in vitro and in a rabbit model of aortic endocarditis. In vitro, gentamicin at 0.5 to 4 times the MIC failed to reduce the number of bacteria at 24 h. Rabbit or human serum dramatically increased gentamicin activity, leading to a >/=3-log(10) CFU/ml decrease in bacterial counts when the drug concentration exceeded the MIC. Susceptibility testing in the presence of serum was predictive of in vivo activity, since gentamicin alone significantly reduced the number of surviving bacteria in the vegetations if the peak-to-MIC ratio was greater than 1. However, gentamicin selected resistant mutants in rabbits. The intrinsic activity of gentamicin should be taken into account in evaluation of combinations of gentamicin and cell wall-active agents against enterococci.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, EMI 9933, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lefort
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garry
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carbon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Courvalin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fantin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins