title: Long term results of glaucoma surgery among participants in an east African population survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long term results of glaucoma surgery among people in East Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants in a population based survey of eye disease prevalence were offered glaucoma surgery using standardised criteria. Either surgical iridectomy or trabeculectomy was carried out as indicated by a medical officer or by one of two ophthalmologists. Trabeculectomy methods included releasable sutures and mitomycin C in the majority of eyes. Subjects were examined during the first week and 2 months after surgery. Nearly 3 years later, re-examination was carried out in those who were still resident in the region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 46 people who were offered iridectomy, trabeculectomy, or combined cataract extraction/lens implant/trabeculectomy, 21 people underwent surgery (46%). Of the 21, 19 were re-examined at 3 years (90%), including 16/18 eyes after trabeculectomy. Among these, intraocular pressure (IOP) declined from 29.9 (SD 9.4) mm Hg to 14.7 (5.9) mm Hg, with 16 of 18 eyes (89%) achieving a reduction > 25%. Hypotony maculopathy, late bleb leak, and late endophthalmitis were not detected. Visually significant cataract developed in 5/15 re-examined eyes that underwent trabeculectomy alone (33%), possibly associated with pre-existing cataract and diagnosis of angle closure glaucoma, but not with mitomycin C use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly half of those with glaucoma among residents of rural African villages accepted the offer of surgical therapy. While technical success was achieved at satisfactory levels, the development of cataract must be considered an important issue for application of glaucoma surgical therapy programmes.
authors.affiliation: Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. hquigley@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Buhrmann
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Isseme
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scudder
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Oliva
mesh_terms: D000351:Africa, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007498:Iris / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016685:Mitomycin