A novel microbial interaction: obligate commensalism between a new gram-negative thermophile and a thermophilic Bacillus strain.
Obligately commensal interaction between a new gram-negative thermophile and a thermophilic Bacillus strain was investigated. From compost samples, a mixed culture showing tyrosine phenol-lyase activity was enriched at 60 degrees C. The mixed culture consisted of a thermophilic gram-negative strain, SC-1, and a gram-positive spore-forming strain, SK-1. In mixed cultures, strain SC-1 started to grow only when strain SK-1 entered the stationary phase. Although strain SC-1 showed tyrosine phenol lyase activity, we could not isolate a colony with any nutrient medium. For the isolation and cultivation of strain SC-1, we added culture supernatant and cell extract of the mixed culture to the basal medium. The supernatant and cell extract of the mixed culture contained heat-stable and heat-labile factors, respectively, that are essential to the growth of strain SC-1. During pure cultures of strain SK-1, the heat-stable growth factors were released during the growth phase and the heat-labile growth factors were produced intracellularly at the early stationary phase. Strain SC-1 was gram-negative and microaerophilic, and grows optimally at 60 degrees C. Based on these results, we propose a novel commensal interaction between a new gram-negative thermophile, strain SC-1, and Bacillus sp. strain SK-1.
Rhee
S K
SK
Microbial Conversion RU., Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon.
Lee
S G
SG
Hong
S P
SP
Choi
Y H
YH
Park
J H
JH
Kim
C J
CJ
Sung
M H
MH
D001407:Bacillus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D013559:Symbiosis; D014447:Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase / Q000096:biosynthesis
D003470:Culture Media; D014447:Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase