title: Effect of oral contraceptives on the urinary excretion of biochemical markers indicating vasoactive action.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study the effect of two contraceptive pills, i.e. Neorlest, containing ethinylestradiol and norethisterone acetate, and Valette, containing ethinylestradiol and the new progestin dienogest, was investigated on the urinary excretion of vasoactive markers. As markers prostacyclin and its antagonist thromboxane, cGMP, serotonin, and the vasorelaxing mediators relaxin and urodilatin were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 women received Neorlest and 33 women Valette in a randomized, open, parallel-group study design. Nocturnal urine was collected before treatment and during cyclic treatment after 6 and 11 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For prostacyclin, the ratio of prostacyclin to thromboxane, relaxin and urodilatin significant increases compared to the pretreatment values were observed with Valette within 11 weeks treatment. For the markers cGMP and serotonin both contraceptive pills showed a tendency to an increase of the renal excretion after 11 weeks treatment. No significant differences between the two pills were observed, except in the case of the ratio of prostacyclin to thromboxane, which showed a significant, clear-cut enhancement with Valette.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that contraceptive pills may stimulate the production of vasodilative markers, an effect which can be attributed most likely to the oestrogenic component of the pill. The progestogenic component of the pill may elicit an impact on this oestrogen-induced vasodilation, which, however, seems to be minimized in the case of the new compound dienogest, a C-19 progestin with antiandrogenic properties.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seeger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lüdtke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gräser
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Mueck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000652:urine; D012065:Relaxin / Q000652:urine; D012701:Serotonin / Q000652:urine*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012701:Serotonin; C056452:Ularitide; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D012065:Relaxin; D006152:Cyclic GMP