title: View box luminance measurements and their effect on reader performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of view box luminance and viewing conditions on low-contrast detection by readers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiographs of a mammographic contrast-detail phantom were examined on 632 view box panels. The luminance of these panels was obtained by using a calibrated meter and ranged from 860 to 3,300 nit. Twelve radiologists reported the number of contrast-detail disks for each size (diameter, 0.3-7.0 mm) deemed to be visible on films with optical densities of 1.00-2.60. Radiologist performance in reading low-contrast phantom images was also studied as a function of room illuminance and image masking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median luminance was 1,700 nit, with 25- and 75-percentile values of 1,450 and 2,150 nit, respectively. Low-contrast visibility generally was independent of view box luminance, regardless of film density or disk diameter. Low-contrast visibility deteriorated when masking around the image was removed and at normal room illuminance. The greatest deterioration in performance occurred at the highest film densities and with the smallest size disks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of low-contrast features on radiographs is relatively independent of view box luminance, but it is degraded by the presence of stray light and by increased room illuminance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0374, USA.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Rill
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huda
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gkanatsios
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008029:Lighting; D008327:Mammography; D015588:Observer Variation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011859:Radiography / Q000295:instrumentation*