title: Humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice with genetic deficiencies of prolactin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, and thyroid hormone.
abstract: Prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and thyroid hormones have been proposed as critical immunoregulatory mediators, and their clinical use is being considered. The precise role played by each of these hormones in the generation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses was assessed in a panel of mice with mutations that result in a selective reduction of PRL, GH, IGF-I, and/or thyroid hormone production. A surprising result, in view of previous studies indicating an immunoregulatory role for these hormones, was that all mice generated normal humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following challenge with T-independent and T-dependent antigens and with Listeria monocytogenes. A review of these findings in the context of previous data has resulted in the formulation of a working hypothesis proposing that these hormones act as anabolic and/or stress modulating mediators with effects on most cells, including those of the immune system. When considered in this context, it is possible to reconcile the contradictory data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine-173216, School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montecino-Rodriguez
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leathers
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horseman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dorshkind
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency; D006728:Hormones / Q000172:deficiency*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000172:deficiency*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C / Q000276:immunology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL / Q000276:immunology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000172:deficiency; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000172:deficiency
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone