title: [Efficiency of shorter chemotherapy courses for intrathoracic tuberculosis in children].
abstract: To develop differential chemotherapy regimes for intrathoracic tuberculosis in children aged 3-12 years, 255 children with active tuberculosis underwent clinical and X-ray examination. Of them, 120 children received shorter chemotherapy in an early intensive phase by using three drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide supplemented by streptomycin) in complicated tuberculosis. A control group (n = 135) had therapy without pyrazinamide. Shorter courses of therapy were shown not only to reduce total treatment duration on an average to 6.4 and 9.2 months in uncomplicated and complicated tuberculosis, respectively, but to contribute to more perfect healing processes and resolution of abnormal changes in 85.3 and 60.0% of children with uncomplicated and complicated forms, respectively. At the same time shorter treatment is well tolerated. It shows much fewer side effects than does longer treatment (20 and 36%). There are no increases in the incidence of recurrent tuberculosis late at follow-up (2.7 and 2.7%, respectively).
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Iukhimenko
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014396:Tuberculosis, Pleural / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin