title: Bimodal respiration and ventilatory behavior in two species of central American turtles: effects of forced submergence.
abstract: Respiratory gas exchange in both air and water was measured at rest and during recovery from forced submergence in the giant Mexican musk turtle (Staurotypus triporcatus) and the white-lipped mud turtle (Kinosternon leucostomum). Diving and ventilatory behavior were also measured in unrestrained animals of each species. Despite large differences in cutaneous surface area, both species exhibited an aquatic V(O(2)) and V(CO(2)) of approximately 16 and 45%, respectively, with the remainder explained by aerial gas exchange. Aquatic V(O(2)) and V(CO(2)) did not significantly change during forced submergence or during the recovery period. Aerial V(O(2)) and V(CO(2)), however, profoundly increased after forced submergence in both species and were not significantly different from resting values until approximately 60 min following the treatment. At rest, K. leucostomum took significantly more breaths per breathing bout than S. triporcatus. This inherent ventilation pattern in each species remained unaltered following forced submergence. Cutaneous surface area, therefore, remains a minor component for these two species which rely heavily on pulmonary gas exchange to recover from forced submergence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton 76203-5220, USA. bagatto@unt.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bagatto
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Henry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D004242:Diving / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D014426:Turtles / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen