title: [Functional MRI of the pelvic floor: its normal anatomy and pathological findings].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Functional MRI of the pelvic floor allows mapping and definition of different forms of pelvic floor dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed functional MRT of the pelvic floor in 39 healthy nulliparas and 324 patients. The diagnosis of a pathological organ descent was made if certain landmarks of the pelvic floor compartments descended below the pubococcygeal reference-line (PC-line).
  
  
  RESULTS
  If there was no organ descent below the PC-line on straining and if the pelvic floor muscles hardly changed position, a normal finding was diagnosed. 70% of organ prolapses came in the combined form. The generally gradual development of an organ descent led to a change of the main finding in 21.6%. The masking of a cystocele (48.6%) or of an enterocele (34.3%) by a rectocele was most frequent in these cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of functional MRI of the pelvic floor appears to be especially useful in young patients, in cases of divergent clinical and sonographic or radiological findings and if the presence of a predominant hernial sac with or without enterocele/rectocele is supposed.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Klinikum der Universität, Grosshadern, München.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sprenger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lienemann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anthuber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D012016:Reference Values