title: The rise of Clostridium difficile: the effect of length of stay, patient age and antibiotic use.
abstract: Hospitals in the UK have recently seen a marked increase in C. difficile for reasons which are unclear. Reduced standards of hygiene, increasingly elderly patients, greater cephalosporin use and longer hospital stay have been suggested. We retrospectively studied all cases of C. difficile diarrhoea at Princess Margaret Hospital, Swindon, over two years. Cephalosporins, patient age and LOS appeared unrelated to the rise in C. difficile; penicillins and macrolides were related. Our policy of using amoxycillin and clarithromycin for community-acquired pneumonia coincided with this study and may explain the observed rise in C. difficile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Swindon, SN1 4JU, UK.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Shek
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Stacey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rendell
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hellier
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hanson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents