title: Contingency management. Incentives for sobriety.
abstract: Contingency management (CM), the systematic reinforcement of desired behaviors and the withholding of reinforcement or punishment of undesired behaviors, is an effective strategy in the treatment of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use disorders. Animal research provides the conceptual basis for using CM in AOD abuse treatment, and human studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of CM interventions in reducing AOD use; improving treatment attendance; and reinforcing other treatment goals, such as complying with a medication regimen or obtaining employment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Petry
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D013695:Temperance / Q000523:psychology*