title: Health status and internal radiocontamination assessment in children exposed to the fallout of the Chernobyl accident.
abstract: The Chernobyl fallout caused release of radioisotope contaminants in a very large area that includes Belarus, the Ukraine, and the Russian Federation. In this study, the authors monitored the health status and level of internal contamination in 422 children who resided in the aforementioned areas and who were < or = 10 y of age at the time of the accident. The children came to Italy for a 1-mo period between 1991 and 1992. During this time, the children underwent pediatric checkups and biochemical, immunological, and thyroid analyses. All children underwent whole-body counter measurements, and urine radiotoxicological analysis was performed for 224 of them. The 24 children evacuated from Pripiat, a village very close to the Chernobyl reactor site, were selected for cytogenetic analysis. All of these children continue to have a detectable internal contamination of caesium radioisotopes. This condition is likely the result of ground and foodstuff contamination in the various areas. The children did not evidence overt pathologies related to ionizing radiation. However, minor alterations in immunological and thyroid parameters were observed in the group of the evacuated children. Traditional cytogenetic dosimetry was not possible, but the occurrence of acentric fragments was observed-indicating a persistent effect of continuous exposure to low doses of radiation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Ambiente ENEA--CASACCIA, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeVita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Grollino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padovani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tarroni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cozza
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sorcini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pennelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casparrini
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Crescenzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mauro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002586:Cesium / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011210:Power Plants; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014455:Ukraine; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014915:Whole-Body Counting
chemical_list: D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D002586:Cesium