title: A longitudinal study of high scorers on the hypomanic personality scale.
abstract: Former college students (n = 36) identified by high scores on the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HYP; Eckblad & Chapman, 1986) were compared with control participants (n = 31) at a 13-year follow-up assessment. As hypothesized, the HYP group reported more bipolar disorders and major depressive episodes than the control group. The HYP group also exceeded the control group on the severity of psychotic-like experiences, symptoms of borderline personality disorder, and rates of substance use disorders. HYP group members with elevated scores on the Impulsive-Nonconformity Scale (Chapman et al., 1984) experienced greater rates of bipolar mood disorders, poorer overall adjustment, and higher rates of arrest than the remaining HYP or control participants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. t_kwapil@uncg.edu
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kwapil
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zinser
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eckblad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003415:Crime; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012917:Social Adjustment; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*