title: The hypocretin/orexin ligand-receptor system: implications for sleep and sleep disorders.
abstract: The molecules originally described as the hypocretins and subsequently as the orexins were initially implicated in the control of food intake. Recent observations implicate this newly-described neurotransmitter system in the sleep disorder narcolepsy and, potentially, in the regulation of normal sleep processes. This article reviews the research that led to the isolation of the hypocretin/orexin peptides, their receptors and the activity of these molecules as we currently understand them. A model is proposed in which the cells that make these peptides might be involved in arousal state control.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kilduff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peyron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000068797:Orexins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D000068797:Orexins