title: Multiple HLA-class I-specific inhibitory NK receptor expression and IL-4/IL-5 production by CD8+ T-cell clones in HIV-1 infection.
abstract: Several mechanisms may contribute to the decline in HIV-1 specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity that is observed in infected patients, including loss of CD4+ cell help, antigenic shift, impaired clonogenicity and functional impairment due to expression of inhibitory NK receptors (iNKRs). In addition to a decrease in HIV-1-specific cytolytic activity, an increased proportion of CD8+ T-cells producing IL-4 and IL-5 has been recently observed in advanced HIV-1 infection. Remarkably, an impaired HIV-1-specific CTL activity was primarily detected among the TC0/Tc2 CD8+ CTLs. A series of CD3+CD8+ T-cell clones expressing inhibitory NK receptors (iNKRs) isolated from HIV-1 infected patients was analyzed in order to determine their cytokine production pattern and to assess the extent of iNKR expression at the single cell level. Our data indicate that iNKR+CD3+CD8+ clones isolated from infected patients frequently express multiple iNKR and may produce IL-4 and IL-5 to a relevant extent.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. demaria@ermes.cba.unige.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Maria
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mavilio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dignetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fogli
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mingari
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D015848:Interleukin-5; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell; C098698:p70 natural killer cell receptor; D015847:Interleukin-4