title: Impairment of aortal tone by no flow-reflow conditions and its partial amelioration by mannitol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although postischemic cardiac or pulmonary dysfunction can relate to the impact of remotely generated oxygen stress mediators on the heart, their direct effect on the vascular bed remains unresolved. Thus, we tested these remote effects in an ex-vivo double organ model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After stabilization With Krebs-Henseleit solution, isolated rat livers were either perfused or made ischemic for 2 hours. Aortic rings were stabilized, immersed in postischemic liver perfusates and their functions were tested. Some organs originated from donors fed with tungstate, whereas others had mannitol (0.25 g/kg) in the buffer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incubation of aortic rings with postischemic hepatic effluent resulted in protracted contraction. Spasm was slightly lesser when the livers were pretreated with tungstate or exposed to mannitol, but worse in pretreated rings. The return to basal tone was abrupt in all ischemia-reperfusion aortae. The response of the rings to phenylephrine under the influence of the ischemia-reperfusion hepatic effluent was deficient. Mannitol prevented most abnormal responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aortal tone impairment can occur by direct influence of the ischemia-reperfusion liver. It cannot be attributed entirely to xanthine oxidase, but also to other hepatic-released factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. draviw@tasmc.health.gov.il
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Weinbroum
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kluger
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rudick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000187:drug effects; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; D010656:Phenylephrine; D008353:Mannitol; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; C045951:tungstate