title: Neonatal nosocomial infection surveillance: incidences by site and a cluster of necrotizing enterocolitis.
abstract: Nosocomial infection (NI) was prospectively studied in hospitalized neonates during a 10-month period. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria (some specified for neonates) were used for surveillance. Forty-nine of 677 infants experienced 73 episodes of NI. The overall incidence was 10.8 NI/100 patients and 6.5 NI/1,000 patient days. The average monthly NI number did not correlate with patient load. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants showed a higher NI incidence (81.8 NI/100 patients and 11.1 NI/1,000 patient days), also elevated if adjusted for their inherently longer neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay. The most common NI sites in the VLBW stratum were sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the latter occurring in a seasonal cluster. It can be concluded that surveillance for NIs should focus on VLBW infants and include the evaluation of NEC, as it behaves like a nosocomial disease.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Department of Neonatologie, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hentschel
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Veer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gastmeier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rüden
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obladen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents