title: Peritonitis prevention in CAPD: to mask or not?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of wearing a face mask to prevent peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) bag exchange.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal unit at a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of patients on CAPD were compared: those performing bag exchange with (n = 24) and those without a face mask (n = 40).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Occurrence of first episode of peritonitis and total number of episodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was found between groups with respect to probability of developing the first episode of peritonitis (p = 0.757). Patients holding university degrees had evidence of protection, with borderline significance [relative risk (RR) 0.52; confidence interval (CI) 95%, 0.23 -1.18; p= 0.109]. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis also demonstrated a significant protective factor for patients with university level education (RR 0.42; Cl 95%, 0.18 - 0.98; p = 0.04). Incidence of peritonitis was not significantly different between groups: with-mask group had 1.0 episode/year, and without-mask group had 0.94 episodes/year. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most commonly identified agent. Staphylococcus aureus was found more frequently in the with-mask group (p = 0.003). Peritonitis due to Streptococcus viridans and Enterococci were detected only in the without-mask group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study suggests that routine use of face masks during CAPD bag exchanges may be unnecessary and could be discontinued.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Hospital São Lucas, Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Poli de Figueiredo
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: d'Avila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D001938:Brazil; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017757:Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011336:Probability; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors