title: Allergologically relevant rubber accelerators in single-use medical gloves.
abstract: To prevent contact with specific rubber accelerators, sensitized patients have to know in which glove brands these accelerators are present. Additionally, quantitative measurements of the bioavailable amounts of accelerators are needed to assist consumers in selecting gloves with the lowest possible amount of residual rubber accelerators. The aim of the study was to develop an analytical method by which residuals of rubber accelerators in single-use medical gloves could be determined qualitatively and quantitatively. 19 different glove brands were analysed for content of accelerators, and the results were compared to manufacturers' ingredient claims of the identical gloves. ZDEC, ZDBC, ZMBT and ZPC were the most frequently detected chemicals. In 9 of 15 gloves discrepancies were found, usually minor, between content of accelerators declared by manufacturers to be present and accelerators detected by analysis. Both phosphate buffer and acetone were tested as extraction media. No accelerators were detectable with the described chemical analysis in phosphate extracts, whereas acetone was demonstrated to be a technically suitable medium for extraction. However, more kinetic studies of the extraction procedure and studies of skin penetration are needed to document that the extraction procedure simulates the clinical situation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hametner
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Seycek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heese
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000737:chemistry*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D017575:Gloves, Protective; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D020315:Latex Hypersensitivity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D002614:Chelating Agents; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D004050:Ditiocarb; C017801:zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate