title: No association of the dopamine DRD4 receptor (DRD4) gene polymorphism with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Irish population.
abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood-onset syndromes affecting 3%-6% of school-age children worldwide. Although the biological basis of ADHD is unknown, a dopaminergic abnormality has long been suggested. The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5 and has been implicated in predisposition to ADHD. Several independent genetic association studies have demonstrated increased frequency of the DRD4 7-repeat allele in ADHD cases compared with controls or excess transmission of the 7-repeat allele from parents to affected offspring. However, there have also been few negative studies. In this study we investigated 78 ADHD parent proband trios and 21 parent proband pairs for the transmission of the DRD4 alleles in HHRR and case control design. We found no significant differences in the frequency of the DRD4 alleles transmitted or not transmitted to ADHD cases from their parents nor when comparing case allele frequencies to ethnically matched controls. Therefore, it is unlikely that the DRD4 7-repeat allele is associated with ADHD in the Irish population.
authors.affiliation: Department Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland. zhhawi@tcd.ie
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hawi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCarron
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirley
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005192:Family Health; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: C493599:DRD4 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4