title: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the retinal pigment epithelium leads to the development of choroidal neovascularization.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been strongly implicated in the development of choroidal neovascularization found in age-related macular degeneration. Normally expressed in low levels, this study investigates whether the overexpression of VEGF in the retinal pigment epithelium is sufficient to cause choroidal neovascularization in the rat retina. A recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the rat VEGF(164) cDNA (AdCMV.VEGF) was constructed and injected into the subretinal space. The development of neovascularization was followed by fluorescein angiography, which indicates microvascular hyperpermeability of existing and/or newly forming blood vessels, and histology. VEGF mRNA was found to be overexpressed by retinal pigment epithelial cells and resulted in leaky blood vessels at 10 days postinjection, which was maintained for up to 31 days postinjection. By 80 days postinjection, new blood vessels had originated from the choriocapillaris, grown through the Bruch's membrane to the subretinal space, and disrupted the retinal pigment epithelium. This ultimately led to the formation of choroidal neovascular membranes and the death of overlying photoreceptor cells. By controlling the amount of virus delivered to the subretinal space, we were able to influence the severity and extent of the resulting choroidal neovascularization. These results show that even temporary overexpression of VEGF in retinal pigment epithelial cells is sufficient to induce choroidal neovascularization in the rat eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Ophthalmology, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spilsbury
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Rakoczy
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors