title: Native American graduate nursing students' learning experiences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify learning experiences of Native American graduate nursing students in a university-based nurse practitioner program.
  
  
  METHODS
  The phenomenological approach of Heideggerian hermeneutics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A purposive sample of 11 Native American graduate students in a nurse practitioner program were given the choice of participating in a focus group or completing an individual interview to elicit common meanings and shared experiences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes and two constitutive patterns: (a) Native American students' worldviews reflected unwritten knowledge that served as a background of common understanding, (b) academic environment as a rigid environment with only one way to learn and constant evaluation, (c) faculty-student relationship barriers to establishing a supportive learning environment, and (d) strategies to survive, including a commitment to succeed, conforming to unwritten rules, helping each other, and ultimately changing themselves. Constitutive patterns were: (a) value conflicts when students' values conflicted with academic behavioral values, and (b) on the fringe, when students felt isolation from the main student body, and open to attack (evaluation). Students struggled to be successful in their commitment to complete the degree, but often questioned the applicability of the program in their cultural setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A more flexible supportive environment is needed to support students' goals to attain degrees, as well as to encourage dialogue on differing cultural values. Faculty who teach culturally diverse students may need to examine rigid behavioral standards that mandate an assertive practitioner persona and may be a barrier to attainment of goals.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, State University of New York, School of Nursing, Buffalo 14214, USA. sdickers@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dickerson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Neary
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hyche-Johnson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology*; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000523:psychology*; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*