title: Activity of thalidomide in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the toxicity and activity of oral thalidomide in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in a phase II dose-escalation study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients with biopsy-confirmed KS that progressed over the 2 months before enrollment received an initial dose of 200 mg/d of oral thalidomide in a phase II study. The dose was increased to a maximum of 1,000 mg/d for up to 1 year. Anti-HIV therapy was maintained during the study period. Toxicity, tumor response, immunologic and angiogenic factors, and virologic parameters were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients aged 29 to 49 years with a median CD4 count of 246 cells/mm(3) (range, 14 to 646 cells/mm(3)) were enrolled. All patients were assessable for toxicity, and 17 for response. Drowsiness in nine and depression in seven patients were the most frequent toxicities observed. Eight (47%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23% to 72%) of the 17 assessable patients achieved a partial response, and an additional two patients had stable disease. Based on all 20 patients treated, the response rate was 40% (95% CI, 19% to 64%). The median thalidomide dose at the time of response was 500 mg/d (range, 400 to 1,000 mg/d). The median duration of drug treatment was 6.3 months, and the median time to progression was 7.3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral thalidomide was tolerated in this population at doses up to 1,000 mg/d for as long as 12 months and was found to induce clinically meaningful anti-KS responses in a sizable subset of the patients. Additional studies of this agent in KS are warranted.
authors.affiliation: HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Medicine Branch, and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Division of Clinical Sciences, Frederick, MD, USA.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wyvill
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pluda
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Welles
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Figg
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Newcomb
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tosato
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feigal
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Whitby
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Goedert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yarchoan
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D013792:Thalidomide