title: L-type Ca2+ channel alpha 1c subunit isoform switching in failing human ventricular myocardium.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine the relative abundance of the L-type Ca channel alpha 1c IVS3 isoforms that result from alternative splicing in normal human ventricular myocytes and to measure the changes in isoform expression in end stage heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  mRNA was isolated from left ventricular tissue and myocytes from non-failing and failing human hearts. RT-PCR with isoform-specific primers was used to obtain cDNAs that were then mutated for use in competitive PCR reactions. An RNase protection assay was also used to confirm the presence of one of the novel isoforms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four different alpha 1c IVS3 isoforms were found in non-failing human ventricular myocytes using RT-PCR. Two isoforms contained exon 31 (termed IVS3A isoforms) and two isoforms contained exon 32 (termed IVS3B isoforms). One of these isoforms has not been observed previously and contains exon 31 and all but the last six base pairs of exon 32. In non-failing human ventricular myocytes the IVS3A isoform is 2.5 times more abundant than the IVS3B isoform. There were significant changes in the relative abundance of these isoforms in failing hearts, with the IVS3B isoform being twice as abundant as the IVS3A isoform. All isoforms were confirmed by RNase protection analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These experiments show that there are at least four L-type Ca channel mRNA isoforms in the normal human heart and that the relative abundance of these isoforms changes significantly in heart failure. These alpha 1c isoform changes in heart failure are associated with dysfunctional electromechanical disturbances, but the specific physiological role of each L-type Ca channel isoform in normal and failing hearts needs to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Group, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Margulies
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jeevanandam
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Houser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D012260:Ribonucleases
chemical_list: D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012260:Ribonucleases