title: In vitro shock response to different stressors in free living and pathogenic Acanthamoeba.
abstract: Three stresses, viz heat, oxidative and pH shocks, were applied to cultures of three species of Acanthamoeba, free-living Acanthamoeba rhysodes and pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba culbertsoni. The effect of each stressor on trophozoite integrity was evaluated by the amount of heat shock protein (HSP)60 and HSP70 produced and by exclusion of 0.2% Congo Red. HSP60 and HSP70 levels were estimated using Western blotting and subsequent densitometric analyses. Unstimulated trophozoites from A. rhysodes produced the lowest background levels of HSP60 and HSP70 and were the amoebae most affected by (mammalian-type) stresses as judged by their enhanced HSP production and decreased viability upon exposure to such conditions. In contrast, unstimulated Acanthamoeba of the pathogenic variety had relatively high background levels of test HSPs and seemed undisturbed by the types of stresses they must deal with when entering their hosts. These studies suggest that high HSP levels in amphizoic acanthamoebae may indicate their involvement in (i) tolerance induction to hosts' stressors and/or (ii) in species' virulence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez-Serrano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Bernadina
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Caabeiro
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003224:Congo Red / Q000737:chemistry; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D003224:Congo Red; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide