title: Effects of oxidative stress on phospholipid signaling in rat cultured astrocytes and brain slices.
abstract: Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) are conventionally viewed as toxic by-products of cellular metabolism, a growing body of evidence suggests that they may act as signaling molecules. We have studied the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced oxidative stress on phospholipid signaling in cultured rat cortical astrocytes. H(2)O(2) stimulated the formation of phosphatidic acid and the accumulation of phosphatidylbutanol, a product of the phospholipase D (PLD)-catalyzed transphosphatidylation reaction. The effect of exogenous H(2)O(2) on the PLD response was mimicked by menadione-induced production of endogenous H(2)O(2). Oxidative stress also elicited inositol phosphate accumulation resulting from phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PLC) activation. The PLD response to H(2)O(2) was totally suppressed by chelation of both extracellular and cytosolic Ca(2+) with EGTA and BAPTA/AM, respectively. Furthermore, H(2)O(2)-induced PLD stimulation was completely abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide and chelerythrine and by PKC down-regulation. Activation of PLD by H(2)O(2) was also inhibited by the protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein. Finally, H(2)O(2) also stimulated both PLC and PLD in rat brain cortical slices. These results show for the first time that oxidative stress elicits phospholipid breakdown by both PLC and PLD in rat cultured astrocytes and brain slices.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain. joanmarc.servitja@uab.es
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Servitja
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masgrau
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Picatoste
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D019332:Endothelin-1; D010743:Phospholipids; C070379:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D010739:Phospholipase D; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium