title: Premenstrual symptoms are relieved by massage therapy.
abstract: Twenty-four women meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn; DSM-IV) criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD) were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or a relaxation therapy group. The massage group showed decreases in anxiety, depressed mood and pain immediately after the first and last massage sessions. The longer term (5 week) effects of massage therapy included a reduction in pain and water retention and overall menstrual distress. However, no long-term changes were observed in the massaged group's activity level or mood. Future studies might examine the effects of a longer massage therapy program on these symptoms. Overall, the findings from this study suggest that massage therapy may be an effective adjunct therapy for treating severe premenstrual symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Touch Research Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Reif
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Field
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Burman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008405:Massage / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome