title: [Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the prognosis of bladder carcinoma. Experience of 5 years].
abstract: METHODS
  From November 1992 to November 1993, a prospective study was conducted on 20 controls and 61 patients with bladder carcinoma. EGFR expression was determined by radioimmunoassay and the correlation of the results of histological analysis and the clinical course was analyzed. The follow-up period was from November 1992 to July 1998. The association between qualitative variables and the x2 or Fisher exact test was compared using the hypothesis of the proportional ordinal trend for the ordinal variables, and the quantitative variables were analyzed using Student's t test and/or variance analysis (ANOVA). Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison was performed using the Breslow exact test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized. The SPSS software for Windows 7.0 was used for the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EGFR values were higher for patients with bladder carcinoma than in controls (14.48 vs 2.54 fmol/mg of protein). EGFR values were higher in patients with superficial bladder tumor than in those with infiltrating tumors (27.03 fmol/mg vs. 10.05 fmol/mg of protein; p = 0.000). Poorly differentiated tumors showed higher values of EGFR (6.73, 14.48 and 17.07 fmol/mg of protein for grades I, II and III, respectively; p < 0.05). The EGFR values were higher in patients that died from cancer during follow-up (64.8) than in those who died from other causes (47.5) and those who are alive and on follow-up (42). An increase in EGFR values did not carry a risk of death from cancer (p = 0.1269; ns). Analysis of the grade of tumor differentiation showed that for the more aggressive tumor grade, a positive EGFR was a sign of reduced survival. Survival in patients with superficial and infiltrating tumor did not appear to change significantly according to the EGFR value. EGFR determination was not useful in predicting recurrence and increased EGFR values did not correlate with a higher risk of recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) The normal pattern of EGFR could not be established. 2) EGFR was not useful in identifying subgroups at risk of death. 3) Knowledge about these proteins synthesized by oncogenes offers new possibilities in the treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Urología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreno Sierra
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Maestro de las Casas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Redondo González
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández Pérez
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: del Barco Barriuso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sanz Casla
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blanco Jiménez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silmi Moyano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Resel Estévez
mesh_terms: D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D066246:ErbB Receptors