title: Microparticle-containing oncotic solutions augment in-vitro clot disruption by ultrasound.
abstract: Echocardiographic contrast agents enhance blood clot disruption by ultrasound. It has been suggested that the microbubbles add nuclei for the enhancement of cavitation by ultrasound. However, microbubbles are rapidly destroyed by the ultrasound energy. We assessed whether non-gas filled colloidal solutions (hyperoncotic medium molecular hydroxyethyl starch and degraded gelatin polypeptides) will facilitate clot disruption by ultrasound. In two separate experiments human blood clots, 200-400 mg in weight, were weighed and then immersed for 15 seconds in 10 ml normal saline solution containing 0%, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, and 5% of hyperoncotic medium molecular hydroxyethyl starch or 0%, 0.035%, 0.175%, 0.35%, and 0.7% degraded gelatin polypeptides. Clots were randomized to 10 seconds 20 kHz ultrasound or immersion without ultrasound. After treatment, the clots were reweighed, and the percent difference in weight was calculated. Non-gas filled microparticle-containing solutions such as hyperoncotic medium molecular hydroxyethyl starch and degraded gelatin polypeptides significantly augmented blood clot disruption by ultrasound. The effect is dependent on the colloidal solution concentration with maximal effect achieved with 1% hyperoncotic medium molecular hydroxyethyl starch and 0.35% degraded gelatin polypeptides.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel. birnbaum@bezeqint.net
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Birnbaum
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iakobishvili
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hasdai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atar
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battler
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003102:Colloids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011097:Polygeline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000628:therapy*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D011097:Polygeline