title: Surgical modification of the AC/A ratio and the binocular alignment ("Phoria") at distance; its influence on accommodative esotropia: a study of 21 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study these changes in patients and their relation to manifestation of accommodative esotropia and response to surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient-subjects: 21 patients who had difficulty adjusting to spectacle correction and underwent bilateral medial rectus loop suspension-recession surgery to alleviate their accommodative esotropia. Measurements of AC/A, uncorrected distance phoria, and related parameters were taken before and after surgical intervention was performed and were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both AC/A ratios and the distance phorias are "statistically significantly" (p< or =0.05), and independently, reduced by this surgical procedure. The manifestation of accommodative esotropia and response to surgery can be fairly accurately predicted from the values of AC/A ratio and distance phoria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical treatment of accommodative esotropia creates well defined, long-lasting reductions in the AC/A ratio and the distance phoria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8014, USA. semmlow@biomed.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Semmlow
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Putteman
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vercher
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gauther
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Bérard
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology; D004948:Esotropia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity