title: A study to investigate the prevalence, severity and correlates of fatigue among patients with cancer in comparison with a control group of volunteers without cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Determining the prevalence of fatigue among cancer patients is complicated by the high prevalence of fatigue symptoms in the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, severity and correlates of fatigue among both cancer patients and control subjects without cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 227 cancer patients and 98 control subjects were recruited to the study. They completed a number of questionnaires about fatigue, quality of life and psychological symptoms. The majority of subjects also underwent assessment of voluntary muscle function and nutritional status. Severe fatigue in the patients was defined as a score on the Fatigue Severity Scale in excess of the 95th percentile of the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of severe fatigue was 15% among patients with recently diagnosed breast cancer, 16% among patients with recently diagnosed prostate cancer, 50% among patients with inoperable non small cell lung cancer and 78% among patients receiving specialist inpatient palliative care. In the patients a combination of dyspnoea, psychological distress, pain, and a measure of overall disease burden accounted for 56% of the variance in fatigue scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe fatigue is a common problem among cancer patients, particularly those with advanced disease. Fatigue is significantly associated with the severity of psychological symptoms (anxiety and depression) and with the severity of pain and dyspnoea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pallitive Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK. paddys@trinityhospice.org.uk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: A'Hern
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000150:complications; D003863:Depression; D018450:Disease Progression; D004417:Dyspnea; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain; D015995:Prevalence; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index