title: Occurrence of adverse reactions to gadolinium-based contrast material and management of patients at increased risk: a survey of the American Society of Neuroradiology Fellowship Directors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors attempted to determine the frequency and severity of adverse reactions to gadolinium-based magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents and to identify strategies for management of patients at increased risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  American Society of Neuroradiology program directors were surveyed about adverse reactions at their institutions to gadolinium-based contrast agents, the contrast agents responsible, and the management of patients with allergy-like reactions to iodinated or gadolinium-based agents who required MR contrast agent administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three (50.5%) surveys were received from 105 centers. Of 687,255 gadopentetate dimeglumine injections, 314 (0.046%) nonallergic reactions and 107 (0.016%) mild, 28 (0.004%) moderate, and five (0.001%) severe allergy-like reactions occurred. Of 74,275 gadodiamide injections, 11 (0.015%) nonallergic and 12 (0.016%) mild allergy-like reactions occurred. Of 64,005 gadoteridol administrations, 171 (0.267%) nonallergic reactions and 49 (0.077%) mild, 29 (0.047%) moderate, and 11 (0.017%) severe allergy-like reactions occurred. Twenty-six departments took no precautions for patients with previous allergy-like reactions to iodinated contrast material. Nineteen did not premedicate patients who previously had reactions to gadolinium-based agents before repeat administration of MR contrast agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although MR contrast agents are safe, adverse reactions occur. Many centers have not adopted policies for the OFF
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Szopinski
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Cohan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mermillod
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003625:Data Collection; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000009:adverse effects; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C062402:gadoteridol; C064925:gadodiamide; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA