Effect of insecticides on the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its parasitoid Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).
Studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of insecticides to adult Diadegma insulare (Cresson) and its host the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). Leaf-dip and direct-dip bioassays for diamondback moth larvae and residual bioassays for adults of diamondback moth and D. insulare were used to assess mortalities. Larval mortalities at field rates were significantly higher with carbaryl, permethrin, spinosad, and tebufenozide when compared with Bacillus thuringiensis, or imidacloprid in the larval-dip bioassay 72 h after treatment. In the leaf-dip and residual bioassays, both permethrin and spinosad caused 100% mortalities to diamondback moth larvae and adults, respectively, 72 h after treatment. Of all the materials tested, only B. thuringiensis and tebufenozide were not toxic to D. insulare 24 h after treatment. Spinosad was not toxic to D. insulare 30 min after treatment. However, 100% mortality was observed 8 h after treatment.
Hill
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Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Foster
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D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D012721:Carbaryl; D006834:Hydrazines; D007093:Imidazoles; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D009036:Moths / Q000469:parasitology; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D026023:Permethrin; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014863:Wasps
D006834:Hydrazines; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011722:Pyrethrins; C082359:imidacloprid; D026023:Permethrin; D012721:Carbaryl; C082026:tebufenozide