title: Importance of treatment of depression in assuring the most efficacious management of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by pathological changes which include degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta coupled with intracytoplasmic inclusions known as Lewy bodies. Neurodegeneration and Lewy bodies can also be found in the locus coeruleus, nucleus basalis, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, cranial nerve motor nuclei, and central and peripheral components of the autonomic nervous system. PD progression is associated with the development of dementia, autonomic dysfunction, and postural instability, which do not respond well to conventional therapy. Therapeutic efforts aimed at preventing or at least delaying PD progression by reducing the overload of iron and generation of ROS, correcting the zinc deficiency may be of great benefit. Current pharmacotherapy of PD, in addition to symptomatic L-dopa treatment, includes the neuroprotective strategies with dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors (MAO-B), glutamate antagonists, catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors and other antioxidants or free radical scavengers. Depression, anxiety disorder and stress are all associated with PD and it is therefore necessary to include treatment regimens for these ailments in addition to the traditional pharmacotherapy for the symptoms of PD, as well as the neuroprotective measures noted above, in order to ensure the greatest possible benefit to PD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bodey
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bodey
mesh_terms: D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*