title: Induction of apoptosis in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-activated T cells by transforming growth factor-beta.
abstract: In view of the critical role played by bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in the development and functional activation of protective T cells against tuberculosis, it has become important to understand the mechanisms by which cytokines regulate BCG-mediated immune responses. There is evidence that cytokine-mediated suppression of T cell function by mechanisms, including apoptosis, may reduce host resistance in tuberculosis. However, it is unclear whether cytokine-mediated suppression of antigen-responsive T cells through apoptotic mechanisms may be operating during human cellular activation induced by BCG. Here we present evidence, for the first time, that treatment of BCG-activated T cells with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) induces cellular apoptosis. These results were further supported by the fact that treatment of cells with a blocking mAb directed to TGF-beta significantly inhibited the percentage of apoptosis induced by TGF-beta. Interestingly, TGF-beta-mediated death of BCG-activated T cells in cultures containing interleukin (IL)-12 was observed. Moreover, our results demonstrated the induction of apoptosis by TGF-beta in BCG-activated T cells cultured in the presence of exogenous IL-12. In addition, our data indicated that TGF-beta significantly inhibited both BCG-induced cell growth determined by thymidine uptake and BCG-induced IFN-gamma secretion. Finally, TGF-beta-induced apoptosis in BCG-activated T cells correlated inversely with BCG-induced IFN-gamma secretion. Taken together, these findings indicate that TGF-beta induces apoptosis in human T cells activated with BCG and at the same time suggest that loss of BCG-reactive T cells through apoptotic mechanisms could contribute to an increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, D.F, 11340, México.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Méndez-Samperio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández-Garay
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Martínez
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta