title: Localization of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage products in normal and malignant prostate epithelium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk for prostate cancer seems to be reduced by certain antioxidant compounds (vitamins E and A, and selenium).
  
  
  METHODS
  Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage products were localized in normal prostatic epithelium and malignant glands in primary and metastatic prostatic adenocarcinomas, using well-characterized antibodies and immunoperoxidase techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antioxidant enzymes and four markers of oxidative damage were compared in basal and secretory cells of normal prostatic epithelium and prostate adenocarcinoma cells, and each cell type had unique patterns of enzymes and oxidative damage products. One marker of oxidative damage, a fluorophore derived from 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-lysine adduction, was found in secretory cells of normal but not malignant epithelium, demonstrating a different oxidative metabolism in normal vs. malignant prostate epithelium. Metastatic lesions from primary prostate cancer had higher levels of manganese superoxide dismutase and nuclear oxidative damage products than did primary tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage products are modulated in metastatic compared to primary prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Terry.Oberley@med.va.gov
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Oberley
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Szweda
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Oberley
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008062:Lipofuscin / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000975:Antioxidants; D008062:Lipofuscin; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003849:Deoxyguanosine