title: Innate resistance to experimental African trypanosomiasis: differences in cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12) production by bone marrow-derived macrophages from resistant and susceptible mice.
abstract: Resistance to African trypanosomiasis is under multigenic control. BALB/c mice are highly susceptible while C57Bl/6 mice are relatively resistant. Macrophages eliminate opsonized trypanosomes from the bloodstream and are involved in immunosuppression. We therefore investigated the production of a number of cytokines (IL-10, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-12) by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from C57Bl/6 and BALB/c mice following challenge with either Trypanosoma congolense or Trypanosoma brucei. BMDM from C57Bl/6 mice, upon challenge with whole cell extracts (WCE) of T. congolense or T. brucei, produced significantly more TNF-alpha and IL-12 than those from BALB/c mice. The production of these cytokines was significantly enhanced by pretreatment of the cells with IFN-gamma. BMDM from BALB/c mice, however, produced significantly more IL-6 and IL-10 than those from C57Bl/6 mice. In contrast to LPS stimulation, simultaneous treatment of cells with WCE and IFN-gamma enhanced IL-10 synthesis by BMDM from BALB/c mice. These results indicate that cytokine genes are differentially regulated in macrophages from trypanosome-susceptible and -resistant mice and are consistent with our previous findings wherein retrovirus-immortalized macrophage cell lines from BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice produce differential amounts of cytokines after phagocytosis of trypanosomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Uzonna
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tabel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014348:Trypanosoma congolense / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12