title: A role of PKC in the improvement of energy metabolism in preconditioned heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A possible link between activation of PKC and improvement of energy metabolism during reperfusion in ischemic preconditioning hearts was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated perfused rat hearts were preconditioned by 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion in the presence and absence of a PKC inhibitor polymyxin B (50 microM) and then subjected to 40-min sustained ischemia and subsequent 30-min reperfusion. In another set of experiments, the hearts pretreated with and without a PKC activator PMA (15 pmol/5 min) were subjected to the sustained ischemia and reperfusion. Myocardial high-energy phosphates, glycolytic intermediates and mitochondrial oxygen consumption capacity were determined at appropriate experimental sequences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preconditioning enhanced the recovery of cardiac function such as left ventricular developed pressure, heart rate and rate-pressure product of the reperfused heart, suppressed the release of creatine kinase, enhanced the reperfusion-induced restoration of myocardial high-energy phosphates, attenuated the reperfusion-induced accumulation in glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate contents, abolished the ischemia-induced increase in tissue lactate content and prevented the ischemia-induced decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption capacity. Treatment of the perfused heart with PMA mimicked the effects of preconditioning on post-ischemic contractile function, enzyme release, levels of myocardial energy store, glycolytic intermediates and lactate, and mitochondrial function. Polymyxin B-treatment abolished the preconditioning-induced recovery of post-ischemic contractile function, the suppression of the release of CK, the restoration of myocardial energy store, and the preservation of mitochondrial function, whereas it did not cancel the improvement of glycolytic intermediate levels and the reduction in tissue lactate accumulation. Post-ischemic contractile function was closely related to restoration of high-energy phosphates and mitochondrial oxygen consumption capacity in all hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that activation of PKC and preservation of mitochondrial function are closely linked with each other in the preconditioned heart, which may lead to the improvement of post-ischemic contractile function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanonaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koshimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D005636:Fructosephosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D005636:Fructosephosphates; D010710:Phosphates; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; C027618:fructose-6-phosphate; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D003402:Creatine Kinase; C029063:fructose-1,6-diphosphate