title: Targeting of meta-iodobenzylguanidine to SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma xenografts: tissue distribution, metabolism and therapeutic efficacy.
abstract: The clinical results of [(131)I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG)-targeted radiotherapy in neuroblastoma patients is highly variable. To assess the therapeutic potential of [(131)I]MIBG, we used the SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma, xenografted in nude mice. The model was first characterized for basic parameters of MIBG handling in the host species. This demonstrated the presence of both strain- and nu/nu mutation-related differences in [(131)I]MIBG biodistribution. Fecal and urinary clearance rates of [(131)I]MIBG in mice roughly resemble those in humans, but mice metabolize MIBG more extensively. In both species, enzymatic deiodination in vivo was not an important metabolic route. Therapy with increasing [(131)I]MIBG doses (25-92 MBq) given as single i.v. injections resulted in proportionally increasing specific growth delay values (tumor regrowth delay/doubling time) of 1 to 5. Using gamma-camera scintigraphy for non-invasive dosimetry, the corresponding calculated absorbed tumor radiation doses ranged from 2 to 11 Gy. We also compared the therapeutic effects of a single [(131)I]MIBG administration with those resulting from a more protracted exposure by fractionating the dose in 2 to 6 injections or with high dose rate external-beam irradiation. No therapeutic advantage of a fractionated schedule was observed, and 5.5 Gy delivered by low dose-rate [(131)I]MIBG endo-irradiation was equi-effective with 5.0 Gy X-rays. The SK-N-SH neuroblastoma xenograft model thus appears suitable to evaluate possible treatment improvements to reach full potential of MIBG radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapy, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rutgers
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Buitenhuis
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hoefnagel
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Voûte
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Smets
mesh_terms: D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011867:Radioisotope Teletherapy; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine