title: Successful DNA immunization against measles: neutralizing antibody against either the hemagglutinin or fusion glycoprotein protects rhesus macaques without evidence of atypical measles.
abstract: Measles remains a principal cause of worldwide mortality, in part because young infants cannot be immunized effectively. Development of new vaccines has been hindered by previous experience with a formalin-inactivated vaccine that predisposed to a severe form of disease (atypical measles). Here we have developed and tested potential DNA vaccines for immunogenicity, efficacy and safety in a rhesus macaque model of measles. DNA protected from challenge with wild-type measles virus. Protection correlated with levels of neutralizing antibody and not with cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. There was no evidence in any group, including those receiving hemagglutinin-encoding DNA alone, of 'priming' for atypical measles.
authors.affiliation: W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Polack
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Permar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manyara
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Nousari
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valsamakis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Griffin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005076:Exanthema; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008457:Measles / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011014:Pneumonia; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; C032397:hemagglutinin protein G, measles virus