title: Effect of alcohol and light on the retinal pigment epithelium of normal subjects and patients with retinal dystrophies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Light absorbed by photoreceptors causes oscillations in the voltage across the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This is the basis of the clinical test, electro-oculography (EOG). We have previously shown that alcohol causes a sequence of voltage changes which are so precisely the same as those caused by light that they must be produced by the same RPE machinery. There is good evidence that alcohol produces its effect by a direct action on the RPE. Consequently, in diseases associated with loss of photoreceptors, alcohol should continue to produce the voltage changes of the EOG unless secondary changes have occurred in the RPE.
  
  
  METHODS
  The alcohol response in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) was investigated using EOG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In no patient with RP was there any alcohol rise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with RP secondary abnormalities of function of the RPE must occur.
authors.affiliation: Applied Vision Research Centre, Department of Optometry and Visual Science, City University, London EC1V 7DD, UK. g.arden@city.ac.uk
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Arden
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Singbartl
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Berninger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rudolph
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kampik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008875:Middle Aged; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000209:etiology*