title: Elevated levels of eotaxin and interleukin-5 in blister fluid of bullous pemphigoid: correlation with tissue eosinophilia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bullous pemphigoid (BP) often provokes blood and tissue eosinophilia, which suggests that some chemoattractants modulate the eosinophil infiltration in BP. Eotaxin, a CC chemokine, strongly attracts eosinophils, and interleukin (IL)-5 induces eosinophil differentiation, proliferation and colony formation in vitro.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the correlation between levels of eotaxin and IL-5 and the number of lesional eosinophils, and the expression of eotaxin in BP lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we measured eotaxin and IL-5 levels in blister fluid of BP by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also examined the expression of eotaxin in BP lesions by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both eotaxin and IL-5 were detected at high levels in BP blister fluid. Blister fluid eotaxin, but not IL-5 levels, correlated significantly with the number of dermal infiltrating eosinophils. By immunohistochemistry, eotaxin was strongly expressed in epidermal keratinocytes around BP blisters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that eotaxin and IL-5 are strongly associated with the tissue eosinophilia of BP. Therapies which aim to inhibit production of eotaxin and IL-5 may improve the inflammation and blister formation in BP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. wakugawa-der@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wakugawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hino
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okochi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001768:Blister / Q000378:metabolism*; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C515456:CCL11 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D016207:Cytokines; D015848:Interleukin-5