title: Tissue-engineered ligament: cells, matrix, and growth factors.
abstract: Current treatment modalities for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears rely on the use of grafts for reconstruction. Treatment can be divided into three categories: autografts, allografts, and synthetic graft replacements. The varied success rates and associated advantages and disadvantages of each method have resulted in controversy as to the best treatment for ACL injuries.
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Service, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rodeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D016378:Tissue Transplantation
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances