title: Clinicomicrobiologic evaluation of active tubotympanic type chronic suppurative otitis media.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study was conducted to determine the spectrum of micro-organisms encountered in patients with active-stage chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) (tubotympanic type) and to see whether prescribing an antibiotic after culture sensitivity was more beneficial as compared to initial treatment without cultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized study of 110 patients of active CSOM (tubotympanic type) divided into two groups of 55 cases each.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of Ear, Nose and Throat and Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients in group A were prescribed an antibiotic according to the culture and sensitivity, whereas in group B, culture was not done at the first visit, and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, namely, co-trimoxazole, was prescribed blindly for a maximum period of 2 weeks. The cases that still had ear discharge were then subjected to culture and sensitivity and the antibiotic was prescribed accordingly.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in group A were subjected to bacterial culture and sensitivity and fungal culture. Only failed cases in group B were subjected to the same.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, 47 patients (85.50%) had positive bacterial culture and 20 patients had positive fungal culture. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial isolate. All of these 47 patients had a dry ear with a maximum 2 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Among the remaining 8 patients who had negative bacterial culture, 5 patients (9.0%) showed fungal isolates on culture and responded to topical antifungal treatment. The remaining 3 failed cases (5.5%) responded to daily dry mopping alone. In group B, 41 patients (74.54%) attained a dry ear. Bacterial culture and sensitivity were done in the remaining 14 (25.46%) failed cases. The culture was positive in 11 patients (20.0%) and sterile in 3 patients (5.5%). In the latter group, only 1 patient had fungus on culture and the remaining 2 patients responded to daily dry mopping alone, which was done at a maximum for a week only. The most common fungal pathogen isolated was Aspergillus flavus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria and Aspergillus flavus the most common fungus isolated in this study. In group A patients, the failed cases were less as compared to the control group B, but the p value was .2. Hence, there is no definite role of culture and sensitivity in the initial management plan of all cases of CSOM. Ideally, every such case should be prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic and only in failed cases should culture and sensitivity be done.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chander
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nagarkar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dass
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010035:Otitis Media, Suppurative / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination