title: Gemcitabine/paclitaxel-based three-drug regimens in advanced urothelial cancer.
abstract: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelium is a highly chemosensitive tumour. Combination chemotherapy can provide both palliation and a modest survival advantage in patients with advanced disease. At present, the combination of cisplatin, methotrexate, doxorubicin and vinblastine (M-VAC) is the most widely used for advanced TCC with an overall response rate of 40-72% in phase II, and 35-45% in phase III studies, and a median survival of approximately 12 months. These modest results and the unsuccessful attempts to increase efficacy with dose intensive M-VAC schedules have prompted the identification of new active agents in TCC, such as the taxanes and gemcitabine. The overall response rates for two-drug regimens of cisplatin-paclitaxel, carboplatin-paclitaxel and cisplatin-gemcitabine range from 63 to 72%, 14 to 65% and 42 to 66%, respectively. The overall response rates for platinum-paclitaxel-gemcitabine three-drug regimens range from 58 to 80%. The potential clinical benefit of these new three-drug combinations in the treatment of TCC needs to be tested in future phase III studies.
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitari Vall d'Hebron, P. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain. bellmunt@hg.vhebron.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellmunt
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guillem
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paz-Ares
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: González-Larriba
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carles
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albanell
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tabernero
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cortés-Funes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baselga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D014747:Vinblastine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D008727:Methotrexate; D000093542:Gemcitabine