title: Is the international prognostic score for advanced stage Hodgkin's disease applicable to early stage patients? German Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The seven-factor International Prognostic Score (IPS) has been developed and verified for patients with advanced stage Hodgkin's disease (HD). This report aims to assess the predictive power of the IPS for early stage HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on patient characteristics, therapy and follow-up were available for 1424 adult patients in clinical stages I-IIIA treated for primary HD in two German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group (GHSG) trials (1988-1994). Patients with risk factors or in stage IIIA received chemo radiotherapy (CMT; trial HD5); others received extended field radiotherapy (RT) alone (HD4). The IPS could be calculated for 712 HD5 and 249 HD4 patients (70%). The prognostic value of the IPS and its component factors was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. A search was made for additional factors which could add predictive power to the IPS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IPS identified 40% of the unfavourable early stage patients with an 8% lower disease-free survival at six years (hazard ratio 1.66, P = 0.0018). The factor 'low albumin' was the only score component giving a significant individual contribution. Allowing for the IPS, extranodal involvement, particularly in stages IIB-IIIA, was associated with worse prognosis, but no further significantly prognostic factors were revealed. The IPS identified a similar hazard ratio in HD4, although here the effect was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IPS for advanced HD has modest predictive ability in unfavourable early stage patients. Modification of the IPS for use with early stages may improve its prognostic power.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Unirersity of Cologne, Germany. jeremy_franklin@biometrie.uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Paulus
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lieberz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Breuer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tesch
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Diehl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors