title: Conformational stability changes of the amino terminal domain of enzyme I of the Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system produced by substituting alanine or glutamate for the active-site histidine 189: implications for phosphorylation effects.
abstract: The amino terminal domain of enzyme I (residues 1-258 + Arg; EIN) and full length enzyme I (575 residues; EI) harboring active-site mutations (H189E, expected to have properties of phosphorylated forms, and H189A) have been produced by protein bioengineering. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature-induced changes in ellipticity at 222 nm for monomeric wild-type and mutant EIN proteins indicate two-state unfolding. For EIN proteins in 10 mM K-phosphate (and 100 mM KCl) at pH 7.5, deltaH approximately 140 +/- 10 (160) kcal mol(-1) and deltaCp approximately 2.7 (3.3) kcal K(-1) mol(-1). Transition temperatures (Tm) are 57 (59), 55 (58), and 53 (56) degrees C for wild-type, H189A, and H189E forms of EIN, respectively. The order of conformational stability for dephospho-His189, phospho-His189, and H189 substitutions of EIN at pH 7.5 is: His > Ala > Glu > His-PO3(2-) due to differences in conformational entropy. Although H189E mutants have decreased Tm values for overall unfolding the amino terminal domain, a small segment of structure (3 to 12%) is stabilized (Tm approximately 66-68 degrees C). This possibly arises from an ion pair interaction between the gamma-carboxyl of Glu189 and the epsilon-amino group of Lys69 in the docking region for the histidine-containing phosphocarrier protein HPr. However, the binding of HPr to wild-type and active-site mutants of EIN and EI is temperature-independent (entropically controlled) with about the same affinity constant at pH 7.5: K(A)' = 3 +/- 1 x 10(5) M(-1) for EIN and approximately 1.2 x 10(5) M(-1) for EI.
authors.affiliation: Section on Protein Chemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0342, USA. aog@cu.nih.gov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Szczepanowski
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ruvinov
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Nosworthy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sondej
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Umland
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peterkofsky
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000737:chemistry*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001665:Binding Sites; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006639:Histidine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017852:Phosphotransferases (Nitrogenous Group Acceptor) / Q000737:chemistry*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006639:Histidine; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System; D017852:Phosphotransferases (Nitrogenous Group Acceptor); C022360:phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphotransferase; D000409:Alanine