title: Association and linkage studies of CRH and PENK genes in bipolar disorder: a collaborative IGSLI study.
abstract: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and proenkephalin (PENK) are hypothalamic peptides involved in the stress response and hypothalamic-pituitary axis regulation. Previous research has implicated these peptides in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. In this study we investigated two polymorphisms located in the genes that code for CRH and PENK by means of association and linkage analyses. A total of 138 bipolar patients and 108 controls were included in the association study. In addition, 24 families were available for linkage analysis, including six families of probands with documented periodic positivity of dexamethasone suppression tests (DST) during remission. We found no association of bipolar disorder with either gene. Similarly, we did not find any evidence of linkage (P = 0.56 for CRH and 0.52 for PENK) in the entire sample or in the subsample of families of DST positive probands. In conclusion, our study does not support the hypothesis that genes coding for CRH or PENK contribute to the genetic susceptibility to bipolar disorder. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:178-181, 2000.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. malda@is.dal.ca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turecki
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grof
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cavazzoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grof
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ahrens
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berghöfer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müller-Oerlinghausen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dvoráková
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Libigerová
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vojtĕchovský
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zvolský
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Joober
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prochazka
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Licht
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vestergaard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holzinger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thau
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rouleau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D011498:Protein Precursors; C029992:proenkephalin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D008094:Lithium