title: Biobehavioral factors in the context of ischemic cardiovascular diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We set out to examine the development of current thinking on the relationship between behavioral factors and ischemic heart disease, with the latter being viewed as an epidemic.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present work is a nonsystematic review of the subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atherogenic components of the coronary-prone or type A behavior pattern (TABP), including hostility, cynicism, and suppression of anger, as well as stress reactivity, depression, and social isolation, are emerging as particularly significant behavioral characteristics, although their pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Effective patient management, particularly for lifestyle modification, requires an appreciation of an individual's stage in their readiness to change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The control and prevention of cardiovascular diseases depend on a multidisciplinary approach that recognizes the importance and intricacies of lifestyle behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, K1H 8L6, Ottawa, ON, Canada. wielgosz@uottawa.ca
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wielgosz
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Nolan
mesh_terms: D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012934:Social Isolation; D013315:Stress, Psychological