title: Antigen uptake and subsequent cell kinetics in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) plays an important role in the immunological defence of airways. However, the mechanisms of BALT development, antigen sampling, and subsequent cell kinetics remain unclear. To clarify these chronological processes, we used a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-exposed mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  In BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, BALT development was induced by inhalation of heat-killed P. aeruginosa after sensitization with subcutaneous injection of P. aeruginosa in the presence of Freund's complete adjuvant. Subsequently, we chronologically killed these mice who had inhaled PKH26-labelled P. aeruginosa and examined bacterial transport using fluorescence microscopy. The distribution of interleukin-4-positive cells and interferon-gamma-positive cells was studied immunohistochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degree of BALT hyperplasia was greater in sensitized mice than in non-sensitized mice and in BALB/c mice than in C57BL/6 mice. PKH26-labelled bacteria were found in BALT earlier in sensitized mice than in non-sensitized mice. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that interleukin-4-positive cells predominated over interferon-gamma-positive cells in the peripheral areas of lymphoid follicles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that administered antigens are actively transported into BALT and that sensitized Th2 lymphocytes play an important role in forming and maintaining BALT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000276:immunology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma