title: Controlling advanced neck disease: efficacy of neck dissection and radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neck dissection remains the standard method of treating cervical metastasis from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In light of recent trends to modify the classic radical neck dissection (RND) for early neck disease, we reviewed our experience with radical and modified RND (MRND) plus radiotherapy as treatment for N2/N3 neck disease in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed our clinical records from July 1989 to June 1996 to identify 43 neck dissections in 39 patients who were found to have pathologically N2 or N3 neck disease treated primarily by neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy. All patients had head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with a minimum follow-up of 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine percent (4/43) of the dissected necks were pathologically N2a, 72% (31/43) were N2b, 7% (3/43) were N2c, and 12% (5/43) were N3. Of these, 28% (12/43) underwent a RND and 72% (31/43) underwent a MRND. The most common modification of RND was preservation of the spinal accessory nerve. All patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy with a mean dose of 55 Gy. Only 4 of 43 dissected necks had isolated treatment failure, for a regional control rate of 91%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of RND or MRND and radiotherapy is highly effective in controlling neck disease in the absence of persistent or recurrent local disease. Also, in our experience, MRND appears to be as effective as RND in controlling even advanced neck disease, which supports preservation of the spinal accessory nerve whenever oncologically feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030-3955, USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Spiro
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome