title: Buccal and palatal exostoses: prevalence and concurrence with tori.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and location of oral exostoses and the concurrence of buccal and palatal exostoses with tori.
  
  
  METHODS
  With clinical inspection and palpation, 960 Thais were examined for the presence or absence of torus palatinus (TP), torus mandibularis (TM), and exostoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 960 subjects studied, 26.9% exhibited exostoses. Exostoses were more common in the maxilla than in the mandible (5.1:1). In addition, most of the exostoses were located on the buccal aspect of the jaws. The prevalence of exostoses increased with age (P = .000). Exostoses were significantly more common in men than in women (62.4% vs 37.6%, P =.000). Exostoses were concurrent with TM more frequently than with TP (36.2% vs 20.6%). The highest concurrence of exostoses with tori was observed in subjects who had both TP and TM (42.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occurrence of exostoses is related to increasing age. TM and exostoses may share the same causative factors, and functional influences may contribute. Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that the etiology of exostoses involves an interplay of multifactorial genetic and environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jainkittivong
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Langlais
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005096:Exostoses / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010159:Palate / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology