Decompression sickness during saturation dives.
Available Navy saturation diving data were analyzed for an evaluation of the therapeutic adequacy of decompression sickness treatment procedures and for delineation of precipitant factors in the etiology and treatment of decompression sickness during saturation dives. None of the cases of decompression sickness recorded during saturation dives involved more than musculoskeletal or joint pain, and in 96% of the cases the joint pain was confined to the diver's knees. In 89% of the cases symptoms appeared while the divers were still under pressure. The subsequent recompression treatment of these cases resulted in full relief in only 35% of the cases; the remaining 65% completed the therapy and subsequent decompression with residual pain which diminished over a period of weeks. The adequacy of the recompression appears to be inversely proportional to the depth of reported onset of symptoms and the time required to obtain even partial relief is directly related to the magnitude of the recompression ratio used. Four explanations are suggested for the limited recompression therapy common in saturation diving: increase in musculoskeletal pain with recompression, peer pressure to avoid extension of the chamber confinement, lack of severe neurological symptoms, and the tremendous depths required to obtain a reasonable recompression ratio. The author further suggests that future treatment procedures will require a departure from the accepted concept of radically decreasing the volume of inert gas bubbles by increasing pressure.
Berghage
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Behavioral Sciences Department, U.S. Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20014, USA.
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003664:Decompression; D003665:Decompression Sickness / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004242:Diving / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology