title: Combination therapy with interferon-alpha plus N-acetyl cysteine for chronic hepatitis C: a placebo controlled double-blind multicentre study.
abstract: A small pilot study in patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection suggested that antiviral treatment with interferon (IFN) plus N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was more effective than treatment with interferon alone [Beloqui et al. (1993) Journal of Interferon Research 13:279-282]. An attempt was made to confirm this by performing a placebo-controlled double-blind study at 8 medical centres in Spain and Italy. One-hundred forty-seven patients with chronic HCV infection were investigated, 73 received 3MU IFN-alpha thrice weekly plus NAC 1800 mg daily and 74 received IFN alone. Treatment was continued for 6 months and patients were followed up for a further 6 months. Amongst patients receiving IFN plus NAC, sustained virological responses were observed in 5.5%, transient responses in 26% and non-response in 68.5%. The figures for patients receiving IFN only were 4.1%, 24.3% and 71.6% respectively. Sustained virological response was significantly associated with non-type 1 genotypes (P = 0.045) and with low pre-treatment viraemia levels (P = 0.034). Biochemical response (serum ALT concentrations) correlated with virological outcome in 97% (n = 139) of cases. Patients who experienced a sustained virological response also showed reduction in the Knodell histological activity index. It is concluded that patients with chronic HCV infection are very unlikely to benefit from the addition of N-acetyl cysteine to conventional therapy with interferon-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garson
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007558:Italy; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013030:Spain; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000111:Acetylcysteine