title: Acute respiratory failure associated with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: We present a case of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with acute respiratory failure due to alveolar haemorrhage associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in a 42-year-old woman with a medical history of antinuclear antibody-negative systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome. Severe respiratory failure, circulatory shock and acute renal failure necessitated artificial ventilation, inotropic and vasopressor therapy, and continuous venovenous haemofiltration. A tentative diagnosis of haemorrhagic lupus pneumonitis or pulmonary manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome was made. Lupus anticoagulant, IgG anticardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies were positive. High-dose glucocorticoid, anticoagulation with heparin, plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide improved her clinical condition. Despite this, the patient died several days later of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage. This case illustrates the uncommon manifestation of acute respiratory failure associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Division of General and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. franz.wiedermann@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Wiedermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schobersberger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Knotzer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sepp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rieger
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hasibeder
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mutz
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000276:immunology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000276:immunology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / Q000097:blood; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000150:complications; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D002308:Cardiolipins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I