title: Laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy compared with conventional open gastrectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although several studies compare surgical results of laparoscopic and open colonic resections, there is no study of laparoscopic gastrectomy compared with open gastrectomy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  When compared with conventional open gastrectomy, laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy is less invasive in patients with early-stage gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of operative data, blood analyses, and postoperative clinical course after Billroth I gastrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 102 patients who were treated with Billroth I gastrectomy for early-stage gastric cancer from January 1993 to July 1999: 49 with laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy and 53 with conventional open gastrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic features examined were operation time; blood loss; blood cell counts of leukocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes; serum levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, total protein, and albumin; body temperature; weight loss; analgesic requirements; time to first flatus; time to liquid diet; length of postoperative hospital stay; complications; proximal margin of the resected stomach; and number of harvested lymph nodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences (P<.05) were present between laparoscopy-assisted and conventional open gastrectomy when the following features were compared: blood loss (158 vs 302 mL), leukocyte count on day 1 (9.42 vs 11.14 x 10(9)/L) and day 3 (6.99 vs 8.22 x 10(9)/L), granulocyte count on day 1 (7.28 vs 8.90 x 10(9)/L), C-reactive protein level on day 7 (2.91 vs 5.19 mg/dL), interleukin 6 level on day 3 (4.2 vs 26.0 U/mL), serum albumin level on day 7 (35.6 vs 33.9 g/L), number of times analgesics given (3.3 vs 6.2), time to first flatus (3.9 vs 4.5 days), time to liquid diet (5.0 vs 5.7 days), postoperative hospital stay (17.6 vs 22.5 days), and weight loss on day 14 (5.5% vs 7.1%). There was no significant difference between laparoscopy-assisted and conventional open gastrectomy with regard to operation time (246 vs 228 minutes), proximal margin (6.2 vs 6.0 cm), number of harvested lymph nodes (18.4 vs 22.1), and complication rate (8% vs 21%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy, when compared with conventional open gastrectomy, has several advantages, including less surgical trauma, less impaired nutrition, less pain, rapid return of gastrointestinal function, and shorter hospital stay, with no decrease in operative curability. When performed by a skilled surgeon, laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy is a safe and useful technique for patients with early-stage gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Oita Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiromizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bandoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aramaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitano
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors