title: Application of deuterated compounds for investigations of percutaneous absorption of chemical substances.
abstract: The percutaneous absorption of the xenoestrogen 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane (bisphenol A) 1 has been studied and compared with results on dibenzoyl peroxide 2, a component of drug formulations for topical application. Isolated perfused bovine udders from slaughtered cows were employed as models for human skin. The deuterium labelled compounds 1-d14 and 2-d10 were applied to enhance the reliability of GC-MS trace determinations by use of reverse isotope dilution analysis. 1-d14 was found in perfusate and milk equivalent samples obtained between 60 and 300 min after topical application with maximum concentrations between 120 and 180 min. 1-d14 was enriched in the milk samples by a factor of about 300 compared with the perfusate. The results confirm a possible penetration of 1 from the environment through the skin into the capillary system. 2 studied on the same model system penetrated faster than 1 by a factor of about three.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kietzmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kränke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Möder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schrader
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wahren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002417:Cattle; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003903:Deuterium / Q000737:chemistry*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003903:Deuterium; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds