title: An investigation of patient management methods used for orthodontic extractions by general dental practitioners in north west England.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the patient management methods used by dental practitioners for orthodontic extractions and to determine what factors influence their choice of method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Practitioners working in the General Dental Service in the area of the former North West Regional Health Authority were randomly sampled and sent a postal questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  General Dental Service in the North West of England.
  
  
  METHODS
  204 completed questionnaires were returned; a response rate of 71.1%.
  
  
  METHODS
  Practitioners were asked about the patient management methods that they used for orthodontic extractions and what factors were important in choosing to use a general anaesthetic.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mean percentages of patients treated with local anaesthetic alone, general anaesthesia and inhalation sedation with local anaesthesia were calculated for the sample. Factors influencing the choice of method used were scored by the practitioners on a ten point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local anaesthesia alone was used for two thirds of orthodontic extraction patients and general anaesthesia for one third. Inhalation sedation was rarely used. Poor patient cooperation and a nervous patient were the most important factors in choosing a general anaesthetic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local anaesthesia is used for the majority of orthodontic extractions. However there remains an overuse of general anaesthesia and an underuse of inhalation sedation.
authors.affiliation: Cannon Street Health Centre, Oldham.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003657:Decision Making; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003812:Dentist-Patient Relations; D004739:England; D005792:General Practice, Dental; D006801:Humans; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D019239:Practice Patterns, Dentists'; D013222:State Medicine; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000779:Anesthetics, Local