title: Albuterol-induced downregulation of Gsalpha accounts for pulmonary beta(2)-adrenoceptor desensitization in vivo.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to develop a chronic in vivo model of pulmonary beta(2)-adrenoceptor desensitization and to elucidate the nature and molecular basis of this state. Subcutaneous infusion of rats with albuterol for 7 days compromised the ability of albuterol, given acutely, to protect against acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction. The bronchoprotective effect of prostaglandin E(2), but not forskolin, was also impaired, indicating that the desensitization was heterologous and that the primary defect in signaling was upstream of adenylyl cyclase. beta(2)-Adrenoceptor density was reduced in lung membranes harvested from albuterol-treated animals, and this was associated with impaired albuterol-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation and activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase ex vivo. Gsalpha expression was reduced in the lung and tracheae of albuterol-treated rats, and cholera toxin-induced cAMP accumulation was blunted. Chronic treatment of rats with albuterol also increased cAMP phosphodiesterase activity and G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2, but the extent to which these events contributed to beta(2)-adrenoceptor desensitization was unclear given that forskolin was active in both groups of animals and that desensitization was heterologous. Collectively, these results indicate that albuterol effects heterologous desensitization of pulmonary Gs-coupled receptors in this model, with downregulation of Gsalpha representing a primary molecular etiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Finney
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Belvisi
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scorer
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Adcock
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Giembycz
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000420:Albuterol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000502:physiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; D015232:Dinoprostone; D000109:Acetylcholine; D000420:Albuterol; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine