title: [Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on rats in an experimental model of acute encephalopathy after total body irradiation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the therapeutic effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in an experimental model of acute encephalopathy following total body irradiation in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety four-month-old rats received 4.5 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) at day 1 while 15 rats received sham irradiation. A behavioural study based on a conditioning test of negative reinforcement, the one-way avoidance test, was performed test, was performed after irradiation. Orally treatment was started one day (study A) or twenty two days (study B) after irradiation and repeated daily for twelve days. In the irradiated group, three subgroups were defined according to the treatment received: EGb 761 (50 mg/kg), EGb 761 (100 mg/kg), water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This work comprised two consecutive studies. In study A (45 rats) the one-way avoidance test was administered daily from day 7 to day 14. In study B (45 rats) the behavioural test was performed from day 28 to day 35. Study A (three groups of 15 rats): following TBI, irradiated rats treated with water demonstrated a significant delay in a learning the one-way avoidance test in comparison with sham-irradiated rats (P < 0.0002) or irradiated rats treated with EGb 761 (50 mg/kg; P < 0.0017) or EGb 761 (100 mg/kg; P < 0.0002). The irradiated rats, treated with EGb 761 (50 or 100 mg/kg) did not differ from the sham-irradiated controls. Study B (three groups of 15 rats): the irradiated rats, treated with water or EGb 761 (50 or 100 mg/kg) did not differ from the sham-irradiated controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that a relatively low dose of total body irradiation induces a substantial acute learning dysfunction in the rat, which persists fourteen days after TBI. This effect is prevented by the administration of EGb 761 (50 or 100 mg/kg) started twenty-four hours after irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de biophysique, Faculté de médecine Xavier-Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lamproglou
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boisserie
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mazeron
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baillet
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Drieu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract