title: SR compartment calcium and cell apoptosis in SERCA overexpression.
abstract: The relationship between SR Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) activities, cell calcium level, SR calcium store and cell cycle events is not clearly understood. We studied SERCA overexpression in Cos cells using an adenovirus vector. Twofold increases in SERCA mRNA and in protein were correlated with a 2.3-fold and a 1.6-fold paralleled increase in SR calcium pump activity (R = 0.97 and R = 0.99 respectively). Dose-related apoptotic cell death was associated with SERCA overexpression (R = 0.92). When serum was reduced to 4%, cell apoptosis further increased from 20.7 +/- 4.8% to 47.5 +/- 12.9% (M+/-SD; P<0.05; n=3). Flow cytometry identified cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. The interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) inhibitor z-VAD-fmk reduced apoptosis for low-, medium- and high-expressing constructs, whereas the CPP-32 inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk had no effect. Flow cytometry using Fluo-3 and Fura-Red revealed a 1.5-fold higher basal calcium and a 10-fold SR calcium overload. ICE inhibitor z-VAD-fmk did not alter calcium loading. An epitope-tagged SERCA mutant, which has no intrinsic Ca2+-pump activities, had a much smaller effect on the SR calcium. These findings suggest that SERCA2A overexpression has an intrinsic role in altering cell-cycle progression, augmenting cellular and SR calcium loading, and precipitating ICE protease-mediated apoptosis; this represents as a novel model for primary SR calcium overload and associated cell apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gallinghouse
mesh_terms: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001692:Biological Transport; D019556:COS Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000939:Epitopes; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D000939:Epitopes; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C110772:benzoylcarbonyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartyl-fluoromethyl ketone; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; D053148:Caspase 3; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium