title: The effect of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on whole brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between gadolinium-enhancing lesions and changes in whole brain parenchymal volume in patients with relapsing-remitting MS, and to test the hypothesis that gadolinium enhancement is a predictor of whole brain atrophy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with clinically definite MS were imaged over 2 years. A computer-assisted segmentation technique based on high-resolution MRI was used to quantify gadolinium-enhancing T1 lesion volume and brain parenchyma and CSF volumes. Percent brain parenchymal volume (PBV) relative to the total intracranial volume was calculated, and changes in PBV were used to represent the degree of whole brain atrophy over 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PBV at baseline was dependent on duration of MS, and a significant decrease in PBV was observed over the course of the study. Changes in enhanced T1 lesion load failed to correlate with changes in PBV, and multiple regression analyses determined that enhanced T1 lesion load at baseline was not a significant predictor of subsequent change in PBV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR visible inflammation as demonstrated by enhanced T1 lesions is not a significant factor in the pathogenesis of whole brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS, suggesting that a more global pathologic process is responsible for the loss of brain parenchymal volume.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Saindane
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Udupa
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Babb
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mannon
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Grossman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D005682:Gadolinium