title: Sustained release of silver from periodontal wafers for treatment of periodontitis.
abstract: Periodontal wafers intended to treat the underlying infections in patients with periodontitis have been developed. The wafers consist of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) as a primary bioerodible polymeric component, poly(ethylene glycol) as a plasticizer and encapsulation aid, and silver nitrate as the antimicrobial agent. The wafers are capable of sustained in vitro release of bioactive silver for at least 4 weeks. The wafers exhibit silver release that follows erosion kinetics, confirming a bulk erosion/release mechanism. In clinical evaluation, sustained release of silver at bactericidal levels for at least 21 days is observed. Staining of hard and soft tissues due to the released silver is minimal and reversible.
authors.affiliation: Periodontix, Inc., 313 Pleasant Street, Watertown, MA 02472, USA.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bromberg
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Braman
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spacciapoli
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Buxton
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tonetti
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Friden
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006016:Glycolates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011091:Polyesters; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011108:Polymers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012997:Solvents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006016:Glycolates; D007641:Keratolytic Agents; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; C031149:glycolic acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C033616:poly(lactide); D012835:Silver Nitrate