title: The matrix model of outpatient stimulant abuse treatment: history and description.
abstract: The Matrix model was originally developed in response to the cocaine epidemic of the 1980s. The program consists of relapse prevention groups, education groups, social support groups, individual counseling, and urine and breath testing delivered in a structured manner over a 16-week period. The treatment is a directive, nonconfrontational approach which focuses on current issues and behavior change. Several evaluations of the model have supported its usefulness and efficacy with methamphetamine (MA) users. Methamphetamine users appear to respond to treatment similarly to cocaine users and many continue to show improvements at follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Matrix Institute on Addictions, Los Angeles, California 90025, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Obert
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marinelli-Casey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minsky
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brethen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rawson
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000652:urine; D005195:Family Relations; D006801:Humans; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000652:urine; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine