title: Immunologic response to combination nucleoside analogue plus protease inhibitor therapy in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.
abstract: The response of 40 immunologic parameters was studied for 147 clinically stable, protease inhibitor-naive, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children aged 2-17 years when antiretroviral therapy was changed to either a dual nucleoside analogue regimen or a protease inhibitor-containing regimen. Immunologic response to therapy, as measured by lymphocyte subsets, 3-color flow cytometric measures, and lymphoproliferative assays, were investigated for changes in weeks 44 and 48. The most significant changes after baseline that were associated with the administration of a protease inhibitor-containing regimen were seen for percentages of CD8(+)/CD38(+)/HLA-DR(+), CD8(+)/CD95(+)/CD28(-), and CD8. The percentages of CD8(+)/CD38(+)/HLA-DR(+) and CD8(+)/CD95(+)/CD28(-) decreased from baseline medians of 33% and 46% to medians of 18% and 30% at week 44 (P<.0001 for both). Median CD4 cell count increased 168 cells/microL (from 694 cells/microL to 862 cells/microL; P=.02) by week 48 in this clinically stable population. Changes in lymphoproliferative responses to HIV antigens and recall antigens did not increase over time and between groups.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. borkow01@mcgc16.med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Borkowsky
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiznia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pelton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yogev
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nachman
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D009705:Nucleosides; D012367:RNA, Viral