Development and evaluation of a dipstick assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae).
We developed a nitrocellulose-based, dipstick circumsporozoite (CS)-enzyme immunoassay [ELISA] for the simultaneous detection of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax-210 CS protein. The assay had a detection threshold of < 250 P. falciparum or 400 P. vivax sporozoites per sample, gave results concordant with dissection of salivary glands and CS-ELISA, but was slightly less sensitive than the CS-ELISA in microtiter plates. The assay consistently detected one infected mosquito in a pool of 10 or 20 mosquitoes, and was 100% specific in discriminating between species of Plasmodium when mosquito suspensions were spiked with sporozoites. The assay could be completed in 1 h, required no specialized equipment, and therefore was useful for field applications.
Coleman
R E
RE
Department of Vector Assessment, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5011, USA.
Barth
J F
JF
Turell
M J
MJ
Gordon
S W
SW
Sattabongkot
J
J
Copeland
R
R
Wirtz
R A
RA
D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D003101:Collodion; D009033:Culicidae / Q000469:parasitology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012996:Solutions
D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D012996:Solutions; C041595:circumsporozoite protein, Protozoan; D003101:Collodion