[Feingold syndrome].
BACKGROUND
Feingold syndrome is a combination of hand and foot anomalies, microcephaly, tracheo-esophageal fistula, esophageal/duodenal atresia, short palpebral fissures and developmental delay. The most frequent physical findings are clinodactyly of the second and fifth fingers with absent or hypoplastic middle phalanges, and syndactyly of the toes. Inheritance is autosomal dominant (MIM number 164280) with full penetrance concerning hand anomalies, variable expressivity and great intrafamilial variability.


METHODS
We report the case of an African boy with duodenal atresia, microcephaly, brachymesophalangy of the second and fifth fingers, unilateral thumb hypoplasia, bilateral syndactyly of toes 2-3 and amesophalangy of the toes. Karyotype was normal. No other member of the family was affected. A fresh mutation is possible.


CONCLUSIONS
Brachymesophalangy affecting mainly the second and fifth fingers and amesophalangy of the lateral toes are cardinal clinical findings in Feingold syndrome. These clinical findings define the syndrome of brachydactyly A4-Temtamy type (MIM 112800), suggesting that brachydactyly A4 would be a partially expressed Feingold syndrome. The incidence of esophageal/duodenal atresia is 29%, including all the known cases. All karyotypes of reported patients were normal.
Service de réanimation néonatale et pédiatrique, centre hospitalier départemental Félix-Guyon, Saint-Denis, France.
J L
JL
Alessandri
D
D
Graber
I
I
Tiran-Rajaofera
A
A
Montbrun
H
H
Pilorget
S
S
Samperiz
T
T
Attali
S
S
de Napoli-Cocci
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000235:genetics; D010375:Pedigree; D013577:Syndrome; D014034:Toes / Q000002:abnormalities*