Heroin snorters versus injectors: comparison on drug use and treatment outcome in age-matched samples.
Drug use histories and treatment outcomes were compared for age, race and gender-matched samples of intravenous (IV; n = 28) versus intranasal (IN; n = 28) opiate abusers entering a 3-day inpatient detoxification unit. Data were derived from the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) interview. Both groups reported daily heroin use prior to detoxification, but IV users reported more days of alcohol and multiple drug use during the past 30 days. Despite age matching, IV users also started using alcohol at an earlier age and accumulated more lifetime months of regular alcohol, cocaine and multidrug use. IV users were more likely to enter treatment following the detox, but no significant outcome differences were noted at 1 and 3 months post-detoxification. The results show that intravenous, as compared to intranasal, opiate users have both a more severe pattern and a more extensive history of the use of non-opiate drugs.
Carpenter
M J
MJ
Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Chutuape
M A
MA
Stitzer
M L
ML
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D003932:Heroin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003932:Heroin