The influence of orthodontic adhesive properties on the quality of orthodontic attachment.
The objective of this study was to determine the resilience, glass transition temperature (Tg), ultimate flexural strength (UFS), and penetration coefficient of 3 composite adhesives (Concise, Transbond, and Right On) and a glass ionomer cement (Fuji Ortho LC). For 25 minutes after initial set, the composite materials were significantly more resilient than Fuji Ortho LC (P = .000). Resilience values for all materials increased for up to 90 minutes after initial set, reflecting a continuation of their setting reaction. Right On remained the most resilient material at 90 minutes after initial set (P < or = .01). At 120 minutes, there was no significant difference in the resilience of Concise, Right On, and Fuji Ortho LC. However, Transbond was significantly less resilient than these materials (P < or = .01). The composite materials recorded significantly higher glass transition values (89-123 degrees C) than Fuji Ortho LC (54 degrees C). The composite materials were also significantly stronger (61-68 MPa) than Fuji Ortho LC (35 MPa) in flexion. The penetration coefficients of Concise and Transbond were significantly higher (P < or = .001) than Right On and Fuji Ortho LC. However, the relative penetration coefficients of the materials studied did not appear to influence the degree of bracket base penetration achieved by the cements. In conclusion, Fuji Ortho LC offered a reduced energy-absorbing capacity immediately after bracket placement and reduced cohesive and mechanical adhesive strength. In addition, the glass transition temperature of Fuji Ortho LC was low; this may result in compromised attachment at temperatures above 60 degrees C. Significant differences in the penetration coefficient of the materials studied have been recorded. However, the penetration of the 4 cements into a range of bracket base morphologies was uniformly good. Therefore, the differences in penetration coefficient recorded should not influence the quality of the bracket cement interface provided.
Department of Dental Health and Development, University of Wales, University of Wales College of Medicine, Dental School, Cardiff, UK. Knoxj@cardiff.ac.uk
J
J
Knox
M L
ML
Jones
P
P
Hubsch
J
J
Middleton
D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000268:Adhesiveness; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D004055:Differential Thermal Analysis; D004548:Elasticity; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D018583:Pliability; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014783:Viscosity
D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; C095451:Fuji Ortho LC; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; C071164:Right-On cement; C065742:Transbond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate