Basic aspects of frozen storage of semen.
Basic concepts of cryopreservation and the causes of cryoinjury are reviewed. The possible roles of cryoprotectants and additives are considered in the context of their putative interactions with the sperm plasma membrane. Modern approaches to the laboratory assessment of spermatozoa after freeze-thawing are also briefly discussed.
Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, NW1 4RY, London, UK. bill.holt@ioz.ac.uk
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D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000662:veterinary*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology
D003451:Cryoprotective Agents