The initial pathogenesis of cadmium induced renal toxicity.
The novel application of magic angle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy, coupled with pattern recognition techniques, has identified biochemical changes in lipid and glutamate metabolism that precede classical nephrotoxicity. These changes occurred in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) after chronic dosing, at a low level of exposure and at a renal Cd(2+) concentration (8.4 microgram/g dry wt) that was nearly two orders of magnitude below the WHO critical organ concentration (200 microg/g wet wt). These early stage effects of Cd(2+) on the biochemistry of renal tissue may reflect adaptation mechanisms to the toxic insult or the preliminary stages of the toxicological cascade.
Biological Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Division, The Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, Imperial College of Science, Medicine and Technology, Univeristy of London, UK.
J L
JL
Griffin
L A
LA
Walker
J
J
Troke
D
D
Osborn
R F
RF
Shore
J K
JK
Nicholson
D000141:Acidosis, Renal Tubular / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003411:Arvicolinae / Q000502:physiology; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D014280:Triglycerides; D002104:Cadmium; D018698:Glutamic Acid