Acute changes in carbon dioxide levels alter the electroencephalogram without affecting cognitive function.
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood (PaCO2) is usually tightly regulated, yet it varies among healthy people at rest (range approximately 32-44 mmHg) as well as within an individual during many natural life situations. The present study examined whether modest changes in end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2; a noninvasive measure of PaCO2) affect electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, cognitive function, and vigilance. Nine adults were ventilated mechanically using a mouthpiece; respiratory rate and breath size were held constant while PETCO2 was set to levels that produced minimal discomfort. Despite discrete changes in EEG, neither acute PETCO2 increases (mean = 47 mmHg) nor decreases (mean = 30 mmHg) from resting levels (mean = 38 mmHg) affected performance on cognitive tasks, latency or amplitude of the N1, P2, or P3 event-related potential, or alertness. Modest changes in PETCO2 may cause significant alterations in the EEG without disturbing cognitive function.
Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ebsalis@hsph.harvard.edu
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Bloch-Salisbury
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Lansing
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Shea
D000328:Adult; D000513:Alpha Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
D002245:Carbon Dioxide