Biological chemistry and clinical potential of S-nitrosothiols.
S-Nitrosothiols are endogenous metabolites of nitric oxide that have been detected in extra- and intracellular spaces. Many biological functions of S-nitrosothiols have been described that can be categorized as being due to one or more of the following: (i) nitric oxide release, (ii) transnitrosation, (iii) S-thiolation, and (iv) direct action. This emphasizes the fact that S-nitrosothiols are more than simply nitric oxide donors. Many of the biological functions that have been described for S-nitrosothiols have clinical correlates. This review describes the biological chemistry, biological actions, and clinical potential of these compounds.
Biophysics Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. nhogg@mcw.edu
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D000818:Animals; D004355:Drug Stability; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols
D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; C110881:S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; C032635:S-nitrosomercaptoethanol; D005978:Glutathione; D010396:Penicillamine