The impact of two transfer techniques used during skin-to-skin care on the physiologic and behavioral responses of preterm infants.
BACKGROUND
Conservation of energy assumes an important role in the care of infants requiring assisted ventilation, yet little research has been conducted on this group of infants in terms of thermoregulation, oxygenation, heart rate, or sleep states during skin-to-skin care.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the impact of two different transfer techniques used in skin-to-skin care (nurse transfer and parent transfer) on physiologic stability and other descriptive measures of physiologic stability related to energy conservation in ventilated preterm infants during and after skin-to-skin care.


METHODS
Fifteen ventilated preterm infants weighing a mean of 1,094 g were randomly assigned to receive either parent or nurse-to-parent transfer on the first of 2 consecutive days and the alternate method the following day. Temperature was taken before and after skin-to-skin care. Oxygen saturation and heart rate were recorded minute by minute, and the Assessment of Behavioral Systems Observation (ABSO) scale scores was used to measure physiologic organization, motor organization, self-regulation, and need for caregiver facilitation during transfer to and from the parent and during pre, post, and skin-to-skin periods.


RESULTS
Temperature remained stable. Oxygen saturation decreased and heart rate increased when the infant was transferred to and from the parent, but returned to baseline levels during and after skin-to-skin care regardless of the transfer method. Infants showed more physiologic and motor disorganization, less self-regulation, and more need for caregiver facilitation during transfers to and from the parent than during the pre, post, and skin-to-skin care periods.


CONCLUSIONS
Both transfer methods resulted in physiologic disorganization. However, during and after skin-to-skin care, infants exhibited no signs of energy depletion.
University of Colorado School of Nursing, Department of Psychiatry, Denver, USA.
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Browne
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Vojir
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D018730:Infant Behavior; D007224:Infant Care; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010290:Parents; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012867:Skin