Prediction of non-responsiveness to intravenous high-dose gamma-globulin therapy in patients with Kawasaki disease at onset.
Children with Kawasaki disease (n = 82), treated with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) at a high dose, were classified as IVIG-responsive (defervescence within 5 days of starting IVIG, n = 69) or IVIG-non-responsive (consistent fever over a 6-day period since starting IVIG, n = 13). One patient in the IVIG-responsive group had a coronary artery abnormality during the acute phase (1. 4%) versus 5 in the IVIG-non-responsive group (38.5%). Age, duration of fever before the initiation of IVIG therapy, and laboratory data obtained on admission were tested by the Mann-Whitney U test. Serum levels of C-reactive protein, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were significantly higher (P =.002, P <.001, P <.034, and P <.038, respectively), and the hemoglobin value was significantly lower (P =.025) in patients in the non-responsive group. A multivariate analysis showed that serum levels of C-reactive protein (P =.006), lactate dehydrogenase (P =. 035), and total bilirubin (P =.046) on admission were independent correlates of the success of IVIG therapy. By defining the predictive values, patients with a C-reactive protein level >10 mg/dL, LDH level >590 IU/L, and/or hemoglobin value <10 g/dL are considered non-responsive to IVIG. Additional therapy at an early stage of the disease should be considered for patients who are predicted to be IVIG-non-responsive.
Fukunishi
M
M
Department of Pediatrics, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Kikkawa
M
M
Hamana
K
K
Onodera
T
T
Matsuzaki
K
K
Matsumoto
Y
Y
Hara
J
J
D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001663:Bilirubin