[Evaluation of coronary flow reserve in patients with vasospastic angina].
OBJECTIVE
The presence of microvascluar impairment was evaluated in 154 patients with vasospastic angina identified by the acetylcholine provocation test.


METHODS
Coronary flow reserve was evaluated with a Doppler flow guidewire in 128 vessels of 72 patients with chest pain, but no significant coronary stenosis(less than 50% stenosis) and no clinical factors that affect coronary flow reserve. Coronary flow reserve was obtained from the ratio of adenosine triphosphate-induced maximum/baseline averaged peak velocity. These vessels were classified into 2 categories according to whether acetylcholine-induced vasospasm was positive or negative. Vasospasm positive was defined as more than 90% stenosis provoked with chest pain and/or ischemic ST change. Positive vessels were subdivided according to focal or diffuse vasospasm. These vessels were also classified into 2 other categories according to whether vasospasm in the distal artery was positive or negative.


RESULTS
Coronary flow reserve was significantly lower in vessels with vasospasm than in vessels without vasospasm in patients without vasospasm(2.9 +/- 0.8 vs 3.6 +/- 1.0, p = 0.0005). Coronary flow reserve was significantly lower in vessels without vasospasm in patients with vasospasm than in vessels without vasospasm in patients without vasospasm(3.0 +/- 0.8 vs 3.6 +/- 1.0, p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in coronary flow reserve between vessels with vasospasm and vessels without vasospasm in patients with vasospasm(2.9 +/- 0.8 vs 3.0 +/- 0.8, p = 0.8). There was no significant difference in coronary flow reserve between focal and diffuse vasospasm(3.2 +/- 0.8 vs 2.9 +/- 0.8, p = 0.3). Coronary flow reserve was significantly lower in vessels with vasospasm in the distal artery than in vessels without vasospasm in the distal artery (2.8 +/- 0.8 vs 3.4 +/- 1.0, p = 0.004).


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with vasospastic angina have microvascular impairment in both vessels with vasospasm, and vessels without vasospasm. Microvascular impairment is prominent in vessels with vasospasm in the distal artery.
Anzai
H
H
Department of Cardiology, General Ohta Hospital, Gunma.
Saijo
T
T
Nakajima
R
R
Tezuka
N
N
Takagi
T
T
Tsunoda
T
T
Kobayashi
N
N
Nakamura
S
S
Yamaguchi
T
T
D000109:Acetylcholine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014665:Vasodilator Agents
D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000109:Acetylcholine