Stimulant psychosis: symptom profile and acute clinical course.
Nineteen patients seen at a psychiatric emergency service with amphetamine- or cocaine-induced psychotic disorder were assessed with structured interviews, chart review, and blood and urine testing. All had a predominance of positive symptoms from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). However, some subjects had substantial Negative Scale scores (26%), bizarre delusions (95%), and Schneiderian hallucinations (63%), mimicking a broad range of schizophrenic symptoms. Several PANSS scores were correlated with treatment intensity: Positive score with seclusion hours, General Psychopathology and Negative scores with hospitalization length, and General Psychopathology score with neuroleptic dose. Presenting symptoms may help in treatment planning.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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D000328:Adult; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011605:Psychoses, Substance-Induced / Q000523:psychology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000661:Amphetamine; D003042:Cocaine