Purification and partial characterization of peroxidase from human term placenta of non-smokers: metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene-7, 8-dihydrodiol.
Peroxidase (Donor: H(2)O(2)oxidoreductase EC 1.11.1.7) from human term placentae of non-smokers was purified to homogeneity by a combination of NH(4)Cl extraction, affinity chromatography, (NH(4))(2)SO(4)precipitation, ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The homogeneity of purified human placental peroxidase (HTPP) was confirmed by gel filtration, reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and SDS-PAGE. Peroxidase was found to be a membrane bound enzyme. A high concentration of NH(4)Cl (1.2 m) was needed to extract and solublize the enzyme. Removal of the salt resulted in irreversible precipitation of the enzyme. The protein exhibited a molecular mass of 126 000 kDa according to gel filtration and approximately 60 000 kDa by SDS-PAGE, indicating that the peroxidase is a homodimer. The purified peroxidase showed an optimum pH range of 7 to 8.5 and the K(m)for H(2)O(2)and guaiacol were found to be 0.08 m m and 10.0 m m, respectively. The purified peroxidase oxidized several substrates, namely potassium iodide, tetramethyl benzidine, guaiacol, ortho dianisidne and tyrosine. The enzyme was resistant to thermal denaturation up to 70 degrees C and also to chaotropic agents, guanidinium chloride and urea. Spectral properties indicated the presence of Soret band at 433 which shifted to 451 nm on complexation with cyanide. The circular dichroism studies showed that HTPP has a predominantly helical secondary structure. The enzyme showed similarities to the myeloperoxidase with regard to spectral and catalytical properties but differed significantly in amino acid composition, the R(z)value and molecular mass. Purified HTPP differed from eosinophil peroxidase in all physico-chemical properties indicating that it is not of eosinophil origin, but may represent a distinct, constitutive peroxidase in human placenta. Further, purified peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of benzo(a)pyrene-7, 8-dihydrodiol in presence of tyrosine and hydrogen peroxide to BP-tetrols, the hydrolytic products of BP-diol-epoxides, demonstrating the ability of peroxidase in bioactivation of benzo(a)pyrene in human placenta.
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.
N D
ND
Madhavan
K A
KA
Naidu
D000328:Adult; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004101:Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012907:Smoking; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D004101:Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes; C017228:benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol; D009195:Peroxidase