Muscular force or work: what determines the metabolic energy cost of running?
It has been proposed that the metabolic energy cost of running is determined by the magnitude and rate of muscular force generation needed to oppose gravity and operate muscle-tendon springs. Whole animal experiments, in vivo muscle force and fascicle length recordings, and in vitro muscle shortening velocity data support the idea.
Integrative Biology Department, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3140, USA. rkram@socrates.berkeley.edu
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D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D016474:Weight-Bearing