Open drops in ophthalmology offices: expiration and contamination.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between eye drop use and contamination rate in ophthalmology offices.


METHODS
Following permission request, open bottles were examined and the nozzle tip and one drop of content was cultured on solid media.


METHODS
Drug category, volume, weight compared to full, clean legible label, expiration date; 2 or more bacterial colonies along the inoculation site.


RESULTS
In 18 offices, of 1,485 open bottles (mean 12.2, range 4 to 23 per lane) on average 19.8% (range 0% to 88%) were expired (16.2 of 82.5 bottles per office). The frequency of occurrence (%) and expiration (%E) were 40.3% cycloplegics (19.4%E); 16.4% glaucoma (33.7%E); 10.8% anesthetics (8.8%E); and 4% steroids (8.8%E; or 42.2%E including one outlier). Most likely expired were glaucoma (P < 0.001); small 2-3 ml (P < 0.02), nearly empty (P < 0.05), or dirty (P < 0.001) bottles. Only one (5 ml cyclopentolate, not expired) grew a Micrococcus (0.07%).


CONCLUSIONS
Drops in ophthalmology offices may be expired but are not contaminated.
School of Medicine and the School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, California, USA. izakfwessels@juno.com
I F
IF
Wessels
P
P
Bekendam
W S
WS
Calvin
G J
GJ
Zimmerman
D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004348:Drug Labeling; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000592:standards*; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010824:Physicians' Offices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions