Low induction of varicella-zoster virus-specific secretory IgA antibody after vaccination.
Breakthrough after varicella vaccination occurs in approximately 2. 6% approximately 18.6% of immunocompetent children, but the reason has not been demonstrated clearly. As a first defense, specific secretory IgA antibody on the mucosa plays an important role in preventing invasion of microorganisms. To examine induction of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) specific secretory IgA after natural infection and vaccination and its booster mechanisms, 143 salivary samples were tested by ELISA. The VZV-secretory IgA values were significantly higher in the matched children after natural chickenpox than in those after vaccination, although the total secretory IgA did not differ between them. Two (7%) of the vaccinees lacked the sIgA antibody. In the elderly and in immunocompromised children, the VZV-secretory IgA values were no lower than those in healthy children, and they did not lack VZV-secretory IgA. The doctors and nurses taking care of patients with chickenpox had higher values than the other groups as did individuals who had had herpes zoster recently. VZV-secretory IgA was thought to be stimulated by exogenous and reactivated endogenous VZV to neutralize VZV with weak activity. These results suggest that low or no induction of VZV-secretory IgA antibody after vaccination may be one of the possible explanations for a breakthrough.
Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan. kihei@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp
K
K
Terada
T
T
Niizuma
Y
Y
Yagi
H
H
Miyashima
N
N
Kataoka
T
T
Sadahiro
D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory