Expression of E-cadherin is associated with squamous differentiation in squamous cell carcinomas.
E-cadherin is a cell surface molecule that mediates cell-cell adhesion in normal epithelium. Disabled or aberrant E-cadherin expression increases cell motility and promotes the transition of well-differentiated adenoma to invasive carcinoma. To evaluate whether E-cadherin could serve as a biomarker of squamous cell differentiation, we analyzed its expression by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 7 head and neck cancer patients, 19 lung cancer patients, 73 esophageal cancer patients, 19 skin cancer patients, and 18 cervical cancer patients. E-cadherin was expressed at very high levels (93%-100%) in adjacent or distant normal squamous epithelia. Likewise, most (75-100%) well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) also expressed E-cadherin. In contrast, poorly differentiated SCCs expressed less than 40% of E-cadherin. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that the differentiation-inducing agent, all-trans retinoic acid, can up-regulate E-cadherin expression in esophageal SCC cells in vitro. Our data demonstrated that E-cadherin expression is associated with SCC differentiation and that may serve as a squamous cell differentiation marker.
Wu
H
H
Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Lotan
R
R
Menter
D
D
Lippman
S M
SM
Xu
X C
XC
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015820:Cadherins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins