The JNK and P38 MAP kinase signaling pathways in T cell-mediated immune responses.
The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family members, which include the extracellular response kinases (ERK), p38, and c-Jun amino terminal kinases (JNK), play a role in mediating signals triggered by cytokines, growth factors, and environmental stress. JNK and p38 MAP kinases have been involved in inflammatory processes induced by a variety of stimuli, such as oxidative stress. Here, we describe the role of the JNK and p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways in the development of T cells in the thymus, and activation and differentiation of T cells in the peripheral immune system.
Immunobiology Program, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. mrincon@zoo.uvm.edu
M
M
Rincón
R A
RA
Flavell
R A
RA
Davis
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D008222:Lymphokines; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases