[Adherence to antiretroviral treatments with a protease inhibitor in HIV-infected patients].
OBJECTIVE
Long-term therapeutic success of powerful antiretroviral treatments dependent on patient adherence. This study was conducted to assess the difficulties HIV-infected patients with advanced-stage disease encounter in adhering to antiretroviral treatments with a protease inhibitor.


METHODS
A prospective self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted at our outpatient clinic for 2 months. CD4 counts and HIV viral loads were also determined.


RESULTS
Seventy-one percent of the study population which included 262 responded to the questionnaire. The survey was made a median 215 days after initiating the antiprotease treatment with indinavir (71% of the cases), ritonavir (13%), saquinavir (6%), or a combination of protease inhibitors (10%). At onset of antiprotease treatment, mean CD4 count was 171+/-150/mm(3) and mean HIV viral load was 75,000 copies/ml. The treatment was considered to be difficult to take by 43% of the patients; 66% stated they had forgotten to take their drugs at least once a month. It was most difficult to take the drugs prescribed for the afternoon. Shifts of 1 hour were observed in 58% of patients. Non-adherence was frequent (1 failure to take drugs per week), observed in 13% of patients. Most often, the patients stated they had forgotten to take their drugs because of occupational or relational difficulties (52%). Non-adherence increased with duration of treatment. The drug most often associated with non-adherence was indinavir (73%). Age and sex did not influence adherence. Mean RNA HIV serum level was lower than at onset of the antiprotease treatment in the most non-adherent patients. At the time of the questionnaire, there was no difference in serum RNA HIV level or in the percentage of patients with an undetectable level between non-adherent and adherent patients.


CONCLUSIONS
This survey confirmed difficulties in adherence are frequent and worsen with time. No relationship was found between non-adherence and reduction in viral load, suggesting that a short-term effect of these very active drugs despite lack of perfect adherence. Other factors (pharmacology, sensitivity to antiretroviral drugs.) also play a major role in therapeutic success.
Salmon-Céron
D
D
Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Cochin, Paris. dominique.salmon@cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Deleuze
J
J
Coste
J
J
Guerin
C
C
Ginsburg
C
C
Blanche
P
P
Finkielsztejn
L
L
Pecqueux
L
L
Chaput
S
S
Gorin
I
I
Sicard
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019562:Viral Load
D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019469:Indinavir; D019258:Saquinavir; D019438:Ritonavir