Platinum pharmacokinetics in sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita) following single-dose cisplatin infusion.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the pharmacokinetics of platinum (Pt) in cockatoos.


METHODS
A pharmacokinetic study of Pt, following a single i.v. infusion of cisplatin, was done in six healthy sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita).


METHODS
Birds were hydrated for 1 h before and 2 h after a 1-h cisplatin infusion (1 mg/kg, i.v.). Serial blood samples were collected for 96 h after initiation of the infusion and urine was collected for 2 h during the hydration period after cisplatin administration. Tissue samples from 10 organs were obtained at necropsy, 96 h after cisplatin infusion. Total Pt and filterable Pt in plasma, urinary Pt and tissue Pt concentrations were assayed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on the plasma and urine data.


RESULTS
For total Pt and filterable Pt, the respective mean systemic clearances were 0.373 and 0.699 L/kg hourly, the steady state volumes of distribution were 4.19 and 0.356 L/kg, and the mean residence times were 111 and 0.512 h. Total plasma Pt displayed a bi-exponential decay profile with average half-lives of 0.398 and 79.0 h, while filterable Pt had a monoexponential decay with mean half-life of 0.413 h. The renal clearance during the 2-h postinfusion period was 0.167 L/kg hourly. The kidneys had the highest Pt accumulation (4.54 micrograms/g DM).


CONCLUSIONS
Cisplatin infusion in cockatoos was well tolerated and Pt plasma concentrations were similar to those measured during treatment of solid tumours in human patients. Despite anatomical, physiological and biochemical differences among animal species, the pharmacokinetic disposition of Pt in the cockatoo shares some features with the kinetics reported previously in rodents, dogs and human beings.
University of Queensland, Brisbane.
L J
LJ
Filippich
A M
AM
Bucher
B G
BG
Charles
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011563:Psittaciformes / Q000378:metabolism*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin