A comparison study of house entering and exiting behavior of Anopheles vestitipennis (Diptera: Culicidae) using experimental huts sprayed with DDT or deltamethrin in the southern district of Toledo, Belize, C.A.
An investigation of the house entering and exiting behavior of Anopheles vestitipennis Dyar and Knab was undertaken in the Toledo District of Belize, Central America, between March and December of 1998. Three untreated experimental huts were either fitted with exit or entrance interception traps or used as a control for human landing collections. Human landing collections showed that An. vestitipennis exhibited a high level of biting activity shortly after sunset and continued biting at high levels throughout the night. Under unsprayed conditions, the use of exit and entrance interception traps demonstrated that doors, windows, and eaves were the primary mode of entry; whereas, cracks in the walls served a secondary role. The peak entrance time for An. vestitipennis occurred between 6:45 P.M. and 9:45 P.M. and a peak exit time occurred between 11:45 P.M. and 4:45 A.M. Additional trials were conducted after spraying one of the huts with DDT and another with deltamethrin. The excito-repellent properties of deltamethrin did not affect entrance times but did result in a peak exiting behavior that was five hours earlier than under pre-spray conditions. Deltamethrin also exhibited a repellency effect, showing 66% fewer An. vestitipennis entering the hut two weeks post-spray. DDT had an even more powerful repellency effect resulting in a 97% post-spray reduction of An. vestitipennis females entering the hut up to two weeks post-spray. The control hut showed only a 37% reduction in An. vestitipennis as compared to pre-spray conditions.
Department of Preventive Medicine/Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
J P
JP
Grieco
N L
NL
Achee
R G
RG
Andre
D R
DR
Roberts
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000502:physiology; D001531:Belize; D003634:DDT; D005843:Geography; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000453:epidemiology; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods*; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors
D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D003634:DDT