How is muscle phenotype controlled by nerve activity?
Motor neurons are known to affect muscle growth and fiber type profile (fast/slow, oxidative/glycolytic) by regulating muscle gene expression. However, the mechanism by which the information contained in specific action potential patterns is decoded by the transcriptional machinery of muscle fiber nuclei remains to be established. This is a basic issue in nerve/muscle biology, which has major implications in neurology, sport medicine and aging. We describe here a general strategy aimed at identifying the signal transduction pathways mediating the effects of nerve activity. This approach is based on the overexpression of constitutively active or dominant negative transduction factors in regenerating skeletal muscle.
Schiaffino
S
S
Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Centre for Muscle Biology and Physiopathology, University of Padova, Italy.
Murgia
M
M
Serrano
A L
AL
Calabria
E
E
Pallafacchina
G
G
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009121:Muscle Denervation; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism; D018657:Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012038:Regeneration; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection
D007476:Ionophores; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains