A mammalian PAR-3-PAR-6 complex implicated in Cdc42/Rac1 and aPKC signalling and cell polarity.
Cellular asymmetry is critical for the development of multicellular organisms. Here we show that homologues of proteins necessary for asymmetric cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans associate with each other in mammalian cells and tissues. mPAR-3 and mPAR-6 exhibit similar expression patterns and subcellular distributions in the CNS and associate through their PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domains. mPAR-6 binds to Cdc42/Rac1 GTPases, and mPAR-3 and mPAR-6 bind independently to atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) isoforms. In vitro, mPAR-3 acts as a substrate and an inhibitor of aPKC. We conclude that mPAR-3 and mPAR-6 have a scaffolding function, coordinating the activities of several signalling proteins that are implicated in mammalian cell polarity.
Lin
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Program in Molecular Biology and Cancer, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
Edwards
A S
AS
Fawcett
J P
JP
Mbamalu
G
G
Scott
J D
JD
Pawson
T
T
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014162:Transfection; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011506:Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C512642:par-6 protein, C elegans; C097238:PAR-3 protein, C elegans; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C115015:PKC-3 protein; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein