title: Vaccination of cattle with attenuated rinderpest virus stimulates CD4(+) T cell responses with broad viral antigen specificity.
abstract: The immune responses of cattle inoculated with either a virulent or an attenuated vaccine strain of rinderpest virus (RPV) were examined by measuring the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to whole RPV antigen preparations and to individual RPV major structural proteins expressed using recombinant adenoviruses. Responses to the T cell mitogen concanavalin A (ConA) were also measured as a control to monitor non-specific effects of infection with RPV on T cell responses. Infection with the vaccine strain of RPV was found to induce a strong CD4(+) T cell response. A specific response was detected to all RPV proteins tested, namely the haemagglutinin (H), fusion (F), nucleocapsid (N) and matrix (M) proteins, in animals vaccinated with the attenuated strain of the virus. No one protein was found to be dominant with respect to the induction of T cell proliferative responses. As expected, vaccination of cattle with an unrelated virus vaccine, a capripox vaccine, failed to produce a response to RPV antigens. While profound suppression of T cell responses was observed following infection with the virulent strain of RPV, no evidence of impairment of T cell responsiveness was observed following RPV vaccination, or on subsequent challenge of vaccinated animals with virulent virus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology1 and Division of Molecular Biology2, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Brett T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology1 and Division of Molecular Biology2, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology1 and Division of Molecular Biology2, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Sareen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology1 and Division of Molecular Biology2, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Institute for Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, Nr Newbury, Berkshire RG16 0NN, UK3.
authors.forename: W Ivan
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology1 and Division of Molecular Biology2, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002455:Cell Division; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D000939:Epitopes; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012301:Rinderpest / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012302:Rinderpest virus; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; C079748:F protein, Rinderpest virus; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C079749:hemagglutinin protein, Rinderpest virus; D003208:Concanavalin A