title: Interaction between NSAIDs and steroid in rat stomach: safety of nimesulide as a preferential COX-2 inhibitor in the stomach.
abstract: The relative risk of development of peptic ulcer with the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been reported to increase when these drugs are administered in combination with steroids. We investigated the ulcerogenic potential of a combination of NSAIDs and steroids in rats and the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Indomethacin alone produced gastric lesions, and the severity of the lesions markedly increased with concomitant administration of prednisolone. However, nimesulide, even in excessive doses, did not produce any gastric lesions, regardless of concomitant administration with prednisolone. Furthermore, we showed that the ulcerogenic potential of indomethacin administered in combination with prednisolone may be related to the induction of physiological changes, such as endogenous prostaglandin deficiency, an increase in neutrophil activation, and gastric hypermotility, by indomethacin and alteration of normal epithelial renewal by the steroid. These results suggest that the ulcerogenic potential of preferential a COX-1 inhibitor increases following concomitant administration with a steroid, whereas, nimesulide, a preferential COX-2 inhibitor, is nonulcerogenic, even when administered concomitantly with a steroid, and is therefore a clinically useful antiinflammatory agent.
authors.affiliation: Osaka Research Laboratory, Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakatsugi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004247:DNA; D011239:Prednisolone; D009195:Peroxidase; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; C012655:nimesulide; D007213:Indomethacin