title: Prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions in HIV-infected minority children treated with highly active antiretroviral therapies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This project studied the prevalence of oral soft tissue disease in HIV-infected children treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight HIV-infected children participated in the study. Twenty-three of these patients were treated with HAART while 14 received exclusively reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) and served as controls. The children were examined three times at approximately one-month intervals while their health history and laboratory data were abstracted from medical charts. Analyses were performed to determine differences in lesion prevalence between treatment groups as well as between lesion and no lesion groups with regard to immune differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients (79%) had oral lesions detected in at least one visit. There were no differences in specific lesion prevalence between HAART compared with RTI-treated children. However, a trend for more oral candidiasis in the latter group was observed. Subjects with oral soft tissue lesions had lower CD4 counts (P = 0.04) and percentage (P = 0.01) but similar viral loads when compared to patients without oral soft tissue disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HAART does not appear to significantly affect oral soft tissue disease prevalence in HIV-infected children. Presence of lesions was associated with decreased immunity and may signal advancing disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Dental School, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barasch
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Koenigsberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fine
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houpt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004890:Erythema / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000150:complications; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors