title: Immunoaffinity column as clean-up tool for determination of trace amounts of microcystins in tap water.
abstract: Trace amounts of microcystins (MCs) in drinking water should be monitored because of their potential hazard for human health as an environmental tumor promoter. We describe here a new clean-up tool with immunoaffinity column (IAC) for determination of trace amounts of MCs (from pg to microg/litre) in tap water. The water samples were concentrated with IAC clean-up and MCs levels were determined by HPLC with UV detection or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the combination with HPLC analysis, mean recovery of microcystin-LR (MCLR),-RR and-YR spiked to tap water were 91.8%, 77.3% and 86.4%, respectively, in the range 2.5-100 microg/litre. The chromatogram of MCs-spiked tap water sample cleaned up with IAC showed effective elimination of the impurities compared to that with octadecyl silanized cartridge, which had been cleaned up with a conventional method. Also, in the combination with highly sensitive ELISA, mean recovery of MCLR spiked to tap water was 80% in the range 0.1-1000 ng/litre. The combined methods developed here can detect pg to microg/litre of MCs in tap water. The overall results indicated that IAC will be suitable as a clean-up tool for trace amounts of MCs in tap water.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Biosciences and Department of Toxicology and Microbial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Ichigaya, Japan. tutumi@nihs.go.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D014871:Water Microbiology / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002273:Carcinogens; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014867:Water; C057862:cyanoginosin LR