title: PSK and OK-432-induced immunomodulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase gene expression in mouse peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and NO-mediated cytotoxicity.
abstract: We investigated whether PSK (a polysaccharide from the mycelia of Coriolus versicolor) or OK-432 (a streptococcal preparation) can up-regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Six hrs after intraperitoneal injection of mice with PSK (2,500 microg/mouse) or OK-432 (100 microg/mouse), mouse peritoneal PMNs were restimulated with PSK (500 microg/ml) or OK-432 (10 microg/ml) plus 100 U/ml of mouse interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in vitro. Northern blot analysis showed strong synergism between both PSK and OK-432 and IFN-gamma for the induction of iNOS gene expression. NO production by PMNs was increased up to 20 microM (2 microM/10(6) PMNs/24 hrs) as measured by the Griess reagent method when PMNs were restimulated with PSK or OK-432 plus IFN-gamma for 24 hrs, although tumor cell killing was not detected. NO concentrations of more than 80 microM were required for P815 tumor cell killing. These results suggest that PMNs produce NO after stimulation with PSK or OK-432 in combination with IFN-gamma and may regulate the immune system in vivo, although the NO production induced by these agents is insufficient for tumor cell killing in vitro.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akaogi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D010844:Picibanil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017931:DNA Primers; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010844:Picibanil; C010770:polysaccharide-K; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse