title: Comparison of St John's wort and imipramine for treating depression: randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and tolerability of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort extract) with imipramine in patients with mild to moderate depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised, multicentre, double blind, parallel group trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 outpatient clinics in Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  324 outpatients with mild to moderate depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  75 mg imipramine twice daily or 250 mg hypericum extract ZE 117 twice daily for 6 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hamilton depression rating scale, clinical global impression scale, and patient's global impression scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 157 participants taking hypericum mean scores on the Hamilton depression scale decreased from 22.4 at baseline to 12.00 at end point; among the 167 participants taking imipramine they fell from 22.1 to 12.75. Mean clinical global impression scores at end point were 2.22 out of 7 for the hypericum group and 2.42 for the imipramine group. On the 7 point self assessments of global improvement completed by participants (score of 1 indicating "very much improved" and 7 indicating "very much deteriorated") mean scores were 2.44 in the hypericum group and 2.60 in the imipramine group. None of the differences between treatment groups were significant. However, the mean score on the anxiety-somatisation subscale of the Hamilton scale (3.79 in the hypericum group and 4.26 in the imipramine group) indicated a significant advantage for hypericum relative to imipramine. Mean scores on the 5 point scale used by participants to assess tolerability (score of 1 indicating excellent tolerability and 5 indicating very poor tolerability) were better for hypericum (1.67) than imipramine (2.35). Adverse events occurred in 62/157 (39%) participants taking hypericum and in 105/167 (63%) taking imipramine. 4 (3%) participants taking hypericum withdrew because of adverse events compared with 26 (16%) taking imipramine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This Hypericum perforatum extract is therapeutically equivalent to imipramine in treating mild to moderate depression, but patients tolerate hypericum better.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Giessen, Licher Strasse 106, D-35394 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woelk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020902:Hypericum / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D007099:Imipramine