title: Expression and prognostic significance of pepsinogen C in gastric carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study we evaluated the expression and clinical significance of pepsinogen C, an aspartic proteinase involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach, in patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pepsinogen C expression was examined by immunohistochemical methods in a series of 95 gastric carcinomas. The prognostic value of pepsinogen C was retrospectively evaluated by multivariate analysis taking into account conventional prognostic parameters. Follow-up period of patients was 21.4 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 25 (26.3%) gastric carcinomas stained positively for pepsinogen C. The percentage of pepsinogen C-positive tumors was higher in well-differentiated (50%) than in moderately differentiated (19.5%) and poorly differentiated (21.9%) tumors (P < .05). Similarly, significant differences in pepsinogen C immunostaining were found between node-negative and node-positive tumors (47.1% vs. 14.7%; P < .001). In addition, statistical analysis revealed that pepsinogen C expression was associated with clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients. Low pepsinogen C levels predicted short overall survival periods in the overall group of patients with gastric cancer (P < .001), and in 71 patients with resectable carcinomas (P < .005). Multivariate analysis according to Cox's model indicated that pepsinogen C immunostaining was an independent predictor of outcome for both overall and resectable gastric cancer patients (P < .05, for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of pepsinogen C in gastric cancer may represent a useful biological marker able to identify subgroups of patients with different clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía General y Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vizoso
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Quintela
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andicoechea
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Truan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Díez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020115:Pepsinogen C / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020115:Pepsinogen C; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases