title: Deep venous thrombosis: detection by using indirect CT venography. The Pulmonary Angiography-Indirect CT Venography Cooperative Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical benefits of performing indirect computed tomographic (CT) venography after pulmonary CT angiography to detect deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients suspected of having a pulmonary embolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors prospectively enrolled 541 consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary CT angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism at seven institutions. Using a protocol that optimizes venous enhancement without additional contrast material injection, the authors obtained contiguous images from the pelvis to the popliteal fossa. Ultrasonography (US) also was performed in 116 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DVT was found at indirect CT venography in 45 (8%), and pulmonary embolism was found at pulmonary CT angiography in 91 (17%) of 541 patients. Among the 45 patients with DVT, DVT occurred in 16 patients who had no pulmonary embolism at pulmonary CT angiography, which increased the diagnosis of thromboembolic disease by 18%. Among 116 patients who underwent US and indirect CT venography, 15 had DVT at US, and in all 15, DVT also was seen at indirect CT venography. In four additional cases, DVT was seen at only indirect CT venography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients suspected to have pulmonary embolism, a substantial number had DVT in the absence of pulmonary embolism. Combined pulmonary CT angiography-indirect CT venography can depict these cases with accuracy comparable to that of US and thus could have a significant effect on patient care.
authors.affiliation: New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cham
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Yankelevitz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shaham
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rademaker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galanski
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Sostman
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Henschke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000792:Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed