title: Complete genomic organization and promoter analysis of the round-spotted pufferfish JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 genes.
abstract: We have previously reported the isolation of the JAK1 gene from the round-spotted pufferfish. In the present study, we cloned and characterized genomic sequences encoding pufferfish JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2, which are other members of JAK family. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the existence of four JAK genes in fish. All pufferfish JAK genes except JAK1 are composed of 24 exons; JAK1 has an additional exon. A comparison of the exon-intron organization of these genes revealed that the splice sites of JAK genes are nearly identical. In addition, all pufferfish JAK genes have one intron in the 5' untranslated region. Taken together, these data suggest that the pufferfish JAK genes may have evolved from a common ancestor. By 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends and sequence analysis, we deduced the promoter regions for all JAK genes and found they do not contain typical TATA or CCAAT boxes but rather numerous other potential binding sites for transcription factors. Interestingly, the TYK2 gene is linked to CDC37 in a head-to-tail manner with a small intergenic region of 292 bp. Within this region, there are two potential binding sites for transcriptional factors such as c-Myb and NF-IL6. The putative promoter regions of all JAK genes were tested either in a carp CF cell line or in zebrafish embryos using CAT or lacZ as reporter genes. Both assays confirmed the transcriptional activities of these promoters in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; C507907:jak1 protein, zebrafish; D001616:beta-Galactosidase