title: The TGF-beta type III receptor is localized to the medial edge epithelium during palatal fusion.
abstract: During palatal fusion, the medial edge epithelial cells (MEE) but not the oral/nasal palatal epithelium, selectively undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. It is known that this process is regulated, at least in part, by endogenous TGF-beta3. One conceivable mechanism is that restricted expression of TGF-beta receptors (TbetaRs) in a subpopulation of cells may localize TGF-beta responsiveness (Brown et al., 1999). However, TGF-beta type II receptor (TbetaR-II) is expressed by all palatal epithelial cells during palatal fusion (Cui et al., 1998) and therefore cannot localize TGF-beta3 responsiveness. To investigate the role of TGF-beta type III receptor (TbetaR-III) in MEE transformation, we examined the expression pattern of TbetaR-III in the developing palate from E12 to E15 mice in vivo and in vitro by immunohistochemistry and compared the expression pattern to that of type I receptor (TbetaR-I). The expression of TbetaR-III was temporo-spatially restricted to the MEE during palatal fusion, while the expression of TbetaR-I was primarily localized in all palatal epithelia, consistent with the expression patterns of TbetaR-II and TGF-beta3 (Cui et al., 1998). These results support our hypothesis that TbetaR-III localizes and mediates the developmental role of TGF-beta3 on MEE transformation by specific expression in the MEE. TbetaR-III may modulate TGF-beta3 binding to TbetaR-II in the MEE cells to locally enhance TGF-beta3 autocrine signaling through the TbetaR-I/TbetaR-II receptor complex, which contributes to MEE selective epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.
authors.affiliation: The University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles 90089, USA.
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Shuler
mesh_terms: D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000818:Animals; D004848:Epithelium / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D010159:Palate / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C071736:betaglycan; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I