title: Influence of prenatal adrenaline infusion on arterial blood gases after caesarean delivery in the lamb.
abstract: The efficacy of pulmonary gas exchange immediately after delivery is inversely related to the volume of liquid in the lung at birth, but aspiration of as much liquid as possible from the lung before Caesarean delivery fails to improve postnatal oxygenation (Pa,O2) to the level achieved after spontaneous term delivery. We hypothesised that the differing respiratory benefit of aspiration and vaginal delivery results from the differing volume of lung liquid remaining after aspiration (17 ml (kg body weight)-1) and labour (7 ml kg-1). We addressed this hypothesis by reducing lung liquid volume to an estimated 7 ml kg-1 by infusing adrenaline to seven fetal lambs at 140 days gestation (term is 147 days) before performing Caesarean delivery and obtaining postnatal blood gases for comparison with samples from lambs delivered vaginally. Infusion of adrenaline to fetuses caused a progressive decline in arterial O2 saturation (Sa, O2), pH and base excess, but no change in arterial partial pressure of O2 (Pa,O2) or CO2 (Pa,CO2). After birth, Pa,O2 rapidly rose to the same level in adrenaline-treated and vaginal-delivery groups. A severe acidosis occurred in the adrenaline-treated group and this appeared to be related to a higher Pa,CO2 and a transiently lower Sa, O2 in this group. We conclude that adrenaline infusion can enhance postnatal Pa,O2 levels in the newborn lamb, but this beneficial effect may be outweighed by the severe acidosis that develops after prolonged prenatal adrenaline treatment.
authors.affiliation: Ritchie Centre for Baby Health Research, Monash Institute of Reproduction and Development, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton 3168, Australia. philip.berger@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kyriakides
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Smolich
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ramsden
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015633:Extravascular Lung Water / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen; D004837:Epinephrine