title: The role of ductography in patients with nipple discharge.
abstract: The main objective of this study is to illustrate the role of ductography in the management of nipple discharge. Thirty-six patients had ductography for the investigation of blood-stained or serous nipple discharge. The ductogram findings were reviewed. Ductography showed an intraductal lesion in 13 patients, duct ectasia in 16 and normal ducts in 7. Fourteen patients had surgery. Eight had preoperative ductography using a mixture of methylene blue and contrast media. Histology revealed 5 cases of duct papilloma, 2 cases of epithelial hyperplasia, 4 cases of fibrocystic change and 3 cases of duct ectasia. Twenty had follow-up without surgery and of these, the nipple discharge ceased in 11 patients. Two patients did not come for follow-up. Ductography has a significant role in the management of nipple discharge. Firstly, surgery might be averted in patients with normal ducts or duct ectasia on ductography. Secondly, intraductal methylene blue will demonstrate the abnormal ductal system to the surgeon and allow for a less radical surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zulfiqar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lily
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Norizan
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Samad
mesh_terms: D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D009558:Nipples / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging