title: Effects of nilvadipine, nicardipine and verapamil on acute rise of aqueous flare induced by iris photocoagulation or intravenous lipopolysaccharides in pigmented rabbits.
abstract: The effects of nilvadipine, nicardipine and verapamil on the acute rise of aqueous flare induced by argon laser photocoagulation of the iris or by intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 0.5 microg/kg) were investigated in pigmented rabbits. Nilvadipine, nicardipine and verapamil were injected intravenously. Aqueous flare was measured with a laser flare cell meter. Following photocoagulation, aqueous flare increased, reached its maximum at 45-75 min and then decreased. After administration of LPS, aqueous flare increased, reached its maximum at 4 h and then returned to baseline levels at about 24 h. Flare reactions were inhibited by nilvadipine in a dose-dependent manner. The elevations were maximally inhibited by nilvadipine 30 min before photocoagulation or intravenous LPS. Two hundred micrograms per kilogram of nilvadipine inhibited 81% of photocoagulation-induced flare elevation, while the same dose of nicardipine and verapamil inhibited 19 and 9% of the elevation, respectively. The same dose of nilvadipine inhibited 51% of LPS-induced flare elevation, while the same dose of nicardipine and verapamil inhibited 6 and 4% of the elevation, respectively. In conclusion, nilvadipine inhibited the experimental elevation of aqueous flare more effectively than did nicardipine and verapamil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kadoi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
mesh_terms: D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000187:drug effects*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002452:Cell Count; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007498:Iris / Q000601:surgery; D007500:Iritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D014700:Verapamil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C035100:nilvadipine; D014700:Verapamil; D009529:Nicardipine; D009543:Nifedipine