title: Combined cataract extraction and submacular blood clot evacuation for globe perforation caused by retrobulbar injection.
abstract: A 45-year-old woman, originally scheduled for cataract surgery in the left eye, was referred for management of a globe perforation noticed after the retrobulbar injection of an anesthetic solution. There was a moderate degree of vitreous hemorrhage, and initial visual acuity was hand movement. A submacular blood clot of about 4-disc diameter was detected when the vitreous hemorrhage gradually cleared. One week after the incident, combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, pars plana vitrectomy, and submacular clot removal using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) as an adjunct were performed. Recovery was uneventful. At the last follow-up 6 months after surgery, best corrected visual acuity was 20/30.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, China.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhende
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012086:Reoperation; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator