title: Synthesis and structure-activity of antisense peptides corresponding to the region for CaM-binding domain of the inducible nitric oxide synthase.
abstract: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyses the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) which plays an important role in the regulation of cellular functions and intracellular communications. Three distinct isoforms of NOS have so far been identified, two constitutive and one inducible. All three mammalian isoforms of NOS contain putative CaM-binding domains with the canonical composition. In this paper we report the synthesis and the inhibitory activity on rat neuronal and lung inducible NOS of antisense peptides corresponding to the antisense strand read in 3' to 5' (CALM 1) or 5' to 3' (CALM 2) direction of the region encoding for the CaM-binding domain of the inducible NOS isoform (residues 503-522). CALM 1 inhibited, at all the concentrations tested (0.01-1 mM), both the inducible and constitutive NOS (IC(50) 98 microM and 56 microM, respectively), while CALM 2 (0.01-1 mM) was ineffective on both isoforms. The acetylation of CALM 1 at its amino terminal (CALM 8) completely abolished its inhibitory activity. We also synthesized and analysed the activity of amino terminal truncated analogues (CALM 3-7) of CALM 1, which selectively inhibited the inducible isoform, although less potently than the parent compound. The pentapeptides (CALM A-D) deriving from the cleavage of CALM 1 were ineffective, except the pentapeptide CALM C corresponding to the residues 513-517, which was as potent as the parent compound (IC(50) 65 microM).
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via D. Montesano, 49-80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sautebin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rombolà
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Rosa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caliendo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perissutti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grieco
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Severino
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Santagada
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010455:Peptides; D004247:DNA; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat