title: Structural basis for copper transfer by the metallochaperone for the Menkes/Wilson disease proteins.
abstract: The Hah1 metallochaperone protein is implicated in copper delivery to the Menkes and Wilson disease proteins. Hah1 and the N-termini of its target proteins belong to a family of metal binding domains characterized by a conserved MT/HCXXC sequence motif. The crystal structure of Hah1 has been determined in the presence of Cu(I), Hg(II), and Cd(II). The 1.8 A resolution structure of CuHah1 reveals a copper ion coordinated by Cys residues from two adjacent Hah1 molecules. The CuHah1 crystal structure is the first of a copper chaperone bound to copper and provides structural support for direct metal ion exchange between conserved MT/HCXXC motifs in two domains. The structures of HgHah1 and CdHah1, determined to 1.75 A resolution, also reveal metal ion coordination by two MT/HCXXC motifs. An extended hydrogen bonding network, unique to the complex of two Hah1 molecules, stabilizes the metal binding sites and suggests specific roles for several conserved residues. Taken together, the structures provide models for intermediates in metal ion transfer and suggest a detailed molecular mechanism for protein recognition and metal ion exchange between MT/HCXXC containing domains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wernimont
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: O'Halloran
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D001665:Binding Sites; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D000073840:Copper-Transporting ATPases; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008628:Mercury / Q000378:metabolism; D056511:Metallochaperones; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: C474500:ATOX1 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D056511:Metallochaperones; D008667:Metalloproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000073840:Copper-Transporting ATPases; D008628:Mercury; D003545:Cysteine