title: Toward a comparison of survival in American and European cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Only recently have extensive population-based cancer survival data become available in Europe, providing an opportunity to compare survival in Europe and the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors considered 12 cancers: lung, breast, stomach, colon, rectum, melanoma, cervix uteri, corpus uteri, ovary, prostate, Hodgkin disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The authors analyzed 738,076 European and 282,398 U.S. patients, whose disease was diagnosed in 1985-1989, obtained from 41 EUROCARE cancer registries in 17 countries and 9 U.S. SEER registries. Relative survival was estimated to correct for competing causes of mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Europeans had significantly lower survival rates than U.S. patients for most cancers. Differences in 5-year relative survival rates were higher for prostate (56% vs. 81%), skin melanoma (76% vs. 86%), colon (47% vs. 60%), rectum (43% vs. 57%), breast (73% vs. 82%), and corpus uteri (73% vs. 83%). Survival declined with increasing age at diagnosis for most cancers in both the U.S. and Europe but was more marked in Europe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival for most major cancers was worse in Europe than the U.S. especially for older patients. Differences in data collection, analysis, and quality apparently had only marginal influences on survival rate differences. Further research is required to clarify the reasons for the survival rate differences.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gatta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capocaccia
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gloeckler Ries
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hakulinen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Micheli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verdecchia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berrino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D012042:Registries; D015996:Survival Rate; D014481:United States