title: Weekday distribution of alcohol consumption in Norway: influence on the occurrence of epileptic seizures and stroke?
abstract: Binge drinking at weekends is considered to be a predominant feature of alcohol consumption in the Nordic countries. Neurological diseases, such as seizures and stroke, have been reported to occur in temporal relation to alcohol intoxication and withdrawal. We wanted to investigate weekday variances in alcohol consumption in relation to the onset of neurological symptoms in these disorders. Consecutive patients admitted for epileptic seizures (n = 142) and ischemic strokes (n = 91) were included in the study. Control groups were consecutively hospitalized sciatica patients (n = 181), outpatients with epilepsy (n = 91), and healthy subjects (n = 254). The day-by-day alcohol intake during the 8 days prior to hospital admission was recorded. Seizures occurring in subjects with hazardous alcohol consumption, operationally defined by a score > or =8 in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-positive) were considered to be related to alcohol use. Binge drinkers were identified by an alcohol intake, on at least 1 of the last 3 days, of > or =6 standard units in men, or > or =4 standard units in women. Thirty-five percent of seizure patients were AUDIT-positive, in contrast to 18% and 16% of stroke and sciatica patients, and 12% and 13% of epilepsy outpatients and healthy controls. Twenty-three percent of seizure patients were binge drinkers whereas in the other groups, this proportion did not exceed 10%. In all groups, alcohol consumption peaked on Saturdays. More seizures occurred on Mondays compared to Saturdays, with a diminishing trend through the week. However, AUDIT-negative seizure patients, of which binge drinking occurred in only 5%, caused this difference. AUDIT-positive seizure patients had a higher and more evenly distributed alcohol intake through the week, and the occurrence of seizures in this group did not differ significantly between days of the week. Alcohol consumption peaked 2 days prior to the onset of withdrawal seizures. The weekend drinking pattern was confirmed for all the study groups. Hazardous alcohol consumption preceded every third acute seizure, but was found in only one of eight outpatients with epilepsy. AUDIT-negative patients caused a peak of seizure admissions on Mondays, compared to Saturdays, with a diminishing trend through the week.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim. geir.brathen@medisin.ntnu.no
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bråthen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brodtkorb
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Helde
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bovim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000506:poisoning*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol