title: Actions of histamine on muscle and ganglia of the guinea pig gallbladder.
abstract: Histamine is an inflammatory mediator present in mast cells, which are abundant in the wall of the gallbladder. We examined the electrical properties of gallbladder smooth muscle and nerve associated with histamine-induced changes in gallbladder tone. Recordings were made from gallbladder smooth muscle and neurons, and responses to histamine and receptor subtype-specific compounds were tested. Histamine application to intact smooth muscle produced a concentration-dependent membrane depolarization and increased excitability. In the presence of the H(2) antagonist ranitidine, the response to histamine was potentiated. Activation of H(2) receptors caused membrane hyperpolarization and elimination of spontaneous action potentials. The H(2) response was attenuated by the ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel blocker glibenclamide in intact and isolated smooth muscle. Histamine had no effect on the resting membrane potential or excitability of gallbladder neurons. Furthermore, neither histamine nor the H(3) agonist R-alpha-methylhistamine altered the amplitude of the fast excitatory postsynaptic potential in gallbladder ganglia. The mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 caused a smooth muscle depolarization that was inhibited by the H(1) antagonist mepyramine, indicating that histamine released from mast cells can activate gallbladder smooth muscle. In conclusion, histamine released from mast cells can act on gallbladder smooth muscle, but not in ganglia. The depolarization and associated contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle represent the net effect of activation of both H(1) (excitatory) and H(2) (inhibitory) receptors, with the H(2) receptor-mediated response involving the activation of K(ATP) channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hemming
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guarraci
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Firth
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mawe
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D017259:Dimaprit / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005725:Ganglia, Autonomic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017442:Histamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D011738:Pyrilamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000502:physiology; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000502:physiology; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017442:Histamine Agonists; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; D006632:Histamine; D011899:Ranitidine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011738:Pyrilamine; D017259:Dimaprit