title: Short-term recovery from prolonged constant pace running in a warm environment: the effectiveness of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution.
abstract: Recovery from prolonged exercise involves both rehydration and replenishment of endogenous carbohydrate stores. This study examined the influence of drinking a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution on short-term recovery and subsequent exercise capacity in a warm environment. Thirteen healthy male volunteers completed two trials, at least 7 days apart. On each occasion subjects performed an initial treadmill run at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), for 90 min or until volitional fatigue (T1), in a warm environment (35 degrees C, 40% relative humidity, RH). Volitional ingestion of water was permitted during each of the exercise trials. During a subsequent 4-h recovery period (REC) subjects consumed either a 6.9% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES) or a sweetened placebo (P), in a volume equivalent to 140% of body mass loss. Following REC, subjects ran to exhaustion at the same % VO2max in order to assess their endurance capacity (T2). Mean (SEM) run times during T1 did not differ between the CES [74.8 (4.6) min] and P [72.5 (5.2) min] trials. Body mass was reduced (P < 0.01) by 1.9 (0.2)% (CES) and 1.7 (0.2)% (P), and plasma volume (P < 0.01) by 6.0 (0.9)% (CES) and 5.4 (1.0)% (P) during the T1 trials. During REC 2006 (176) ml and 1830 (165) ml of fluid was ingested, providing 138 (12) g and 0 g of carbohydrate in the CES and P trials, respectively. Prior to T2, plasma volume and net fluid balance were similarly restored [CES +58 (26) g; P -4 (68) g] in both trials. During T2 the exercise duration was longer (P < 0.01) in the CES compared to the P trial [CES 60.9 (5.5) min; P 44.9 (3.0) min]. Thus, provided that an adequate hydration status is maintained, inclusion of carbohydrate within an oral rehydration solution will delay the onset of fatigue during a subsequent bout of prolonged submaximal running in a warm environment.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Naval Medicine, Gosport, Hampshire, UK. yj72@dial.pipex.com
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bilzon
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Allsopp
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001831:Body Temperature; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004777:Environment; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance; D010919:Placebos; D010953:Plasma Volume; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012996:Solutions; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002241:Carbohydrates; D004573:Electrolytes; D010919:Placebos; D012996:Solutions; D019344:Lactic Acid