title: Leishmania infantum: stage-specific activity of pentavalent antimony related with the assay conditions.
abstract: The determination of the intrinsic sensitivity of Leishmania strains to pentavalent antimonials in clinical trials, before treatment is begun, is essential in order to avoid failures and to allow alternative drugs to be chosen. A comparative study of SbV activity on promastigotes, axenic amastigote-like cells, and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum, when administered in the form of meglumine antimoniate and free, in hydrochloric solution, was performed. Results indicate that the conditions under which the promastigotes were cultured affect the IC(50) obtained, although results were homogeneous when the products were assayed on axenic-like and intracellular amastigotes. The IC(50) obtained for SbV in the form of meglumine antimoniate or in hydrochloric solution on promastigotes cultured in Schneider's medium depends on the growth rate of the culture and therefore could be regulated by modifying the fetal calf serum concentration in the medium. The pH of the culture medium strongly affected the activity of meglumine antimoniate but not that of the SbV hydrochloric solution on promastigotes cultured in Schneider's medium. This influence of pH was observed to a much lesser extent when promastigotes were cultured on M199 or RPMI media. In homogeneous culture conditions, which included the regulation of the promastigote growth rate through the heat-inactivated fetal calf serum concentration in the medium and the dilution of the meglumine antimoniate with Schneider's medium at pH 6.5, the activity of SbV, free or in the form of meglumine antimoniate, was the same in promastigotes, intracellular amastigotes, and axenic amastigote-like cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Departament de Microbiologia i Parasitologia Sanitàries, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carrió
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Colmenares
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gállego
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arboix
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Portús
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000965:Antimony / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008536:Meglumine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D051379:Mice; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D002712:Chlorides; D003470:Culture Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C047841:antimony pentachloride; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D000965:Antimony