title: Practice parameter: screening and diagnosis of autism: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society [RETIRED].
abstract: Autism is a common disorder of childhood, affecting 1 in 500 children. Yet, it often remains unrecognized and undiagnosed until or after late preschool age because appropriate tools for routine developmental screening and screening specifically for autism have not been available. Early identification of children with autism and intensive, early intervention during the toddler and preschool years improves outcome for most young children with autism. This practice parameter reviews the available empirical evidence and gives specific recommendations for the identification of children with autism. This approach requires a dual process: 1) routine developmental surveillance and screening specifically for autism to be performed on all children to first identify those at risk for any type of atypical development, and to identify those specifically at risk for autism; and 2) to diagnose and evaluate autism, to differentiate autism from other developmental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Filipek
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Accardo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ashwal
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Baranek
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gravel
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kallen
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Minshew
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozonoff
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Prizant
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rapin
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Teplin
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Tuchman
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Volkmar
mesh_terms: D020817:Asperger Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019468:Disease Management; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020264:Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood / Q000175:diagnosis; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment