title: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome: the 'Select' procedure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is associated with a high risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The condition results from intertwin vascular connections in the shared placenta. We report here a case of early, severe TTTS that failed to respond to serial amniocenteses and that was successfully treated by means of superselective laser coagulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A causative arteriovenous anastomosis was identified by means of prenatal obstetrical sonography, using color and spectral Doppler techniques. At fetoscopy, performed at 23 weeks' gestation, laser occlusion of only this connection was achieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This therapeutic intervention resulted in rapid resolution of all evidence of TTTS and a successful pregnancy outcome, with subsequent delivery of 2 healthy infants at 33 weeks' gestation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The potentially fatal pathophysiology of TTTS was reversed by interruption of a single arteriovenous connection. We have termed this the sonographically evaluated, laser-endoscopic coagulation for twins ('Select') procedure.
authors.affiliation: Fetal Treatment Program and Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143-0628, USA. Vickie.Feldstein@radiology.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Feldstein
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Machin
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Albanese
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandberg
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002823:Chorion / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005332:Fetoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011859:Radiography; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*