title: Quantitative real-time monitoring of dryer effluent using fiber optic near-infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: This paper describes a method for real-time quantitation of the solvents evaporating from a dryer. The vapor stream in the vacuum line of a dryer was monitored in real time using a fiber optic-coupled acousto-optic tunable filter near-infrared (AOTF-NIR) spectrometer. A balance was placed in the dryer, and mass readings were recorded for every scan of the AOTF-NIR. A partial least-squares (PLS) calibration was subsequently built based on change in mass over change in time for solvents typically used in a chemical manufacturing plant. Controlling software for the AOTF-NIR was developed. The software collects spectra, builds the PLS calibration model, and continuously fits subsequently collected spectra to the calibration, allowing the operator to follow the mass loss of solvent from the dryer. The results indicate that solvent loss can be monitored and quantitated in real time using NIR for the optimization of drying times. These time-based mass loss values have also been used to calculate "dynamic" vapor density values for the solvents. The values calculated are in agreement with values determined from the ideal gas law and could prove valuable as tools to measure temperature or pressure indirectly.
authors.affiliation: Glaxo Wellcome Inc., 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D003199:Computer Systems; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000379:methods*; D055100:Optical Fibers; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014618:Vacuum; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents