title: Relative hypoleptinemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relation between plasma leptin concentrations and metabolic control in human diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study consisting of 156 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (n=42), type 2 (n=114), and non-diabetic subjects (n=74).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma leptin concentrations were lower (P<0.05) in type 1 (8.3+/-1.7 ng/ml) and type 2 diabetic (14.9+/-1.8 ng/ml) than in non-diabetic humans (18.3+/-1.9 ng/ml). Only female type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects also had decreased leptin/BMI ratios (P<0.05 vs non-diabetic females). The log rank test identified age-adjusted correlation of plasma leptin concentration with sex (P<0.0004) and body mass index (P<0.0218), but not with glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (P>0.5) in all groups. Plasma leptin was correlated with age (P<0.0058) and serum triglycerides (P<0.0199) in type 1 diabetic patients, and with serum cholesterol (P<0.0059) and LDL (P<0.0013) in type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Defective leptin production and/or secretion might be present independently of metabolic control in female patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. michael.roden@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowotny
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clodi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vierhapper
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Waldhäusl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D020738:Leptin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol