title: Regulation of secretion of PTHrP by Ca(2+)-sensing receptor in human astrocytes, astrocytomas, and meningiomas.
abstract: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is the major mediator of the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy and of malignant osteolysis associated with skeletal metastases of common epithelial cancers. PTHrP secretion is regulated by the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) in several types of normal and malignant cells. Because the [Ca(2+)](o)-sensing receptor (CaR) is a key mediator of [Ca(2+)](o)-regulated hormone secretion [e.g., of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by parathyroid chief cells], we investigated the expression of the CaR and PTHrP in normal and neoplastic glial cells and studied the effects of [Ca(2+)](o) on PTHrP secretion. Our results show that primary embryonic human astrocytes (HPA) express CaR mRNA and protein as detected by RT-PCR and Western analysis, respectively. Furthermore, astrocytomas and meningiomas also express the CaR at similar levels as assessed by RT-PCR and Northern and Western blot analyses. HPA and astrocytomas express transcripts encoding all three known isoforms of PTHrP [PTHrP(139), PTHrP(141), and PTHrP(173), comprising 139, 141, and 173 predicted amino acid residues, respectively] as assessed by RT-PCR, whereas meningiomas express only the first two of these. Finally, elevated levels of [Ca(2+)](o) and other polycationic CaR agonists dose dependently stimulate PTHrP secretion from HPA, astrocytomas, and meningiomas, although both basal and high [Ca(2+)](o)-stimulated rates of PTHrP secretion are approximately 2. 5-fold higher in HPA than in the glial tumors studied here. Therefore, our results show that HPA, astrocytomas, and meningiomas express both the CaR and PTHrP and that CaR agonists stimulate PTHrP secretion.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine-Hypertension Division and Membrane Biology Program, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. nchattopadhyay@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evliyaoglu
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Heese
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000378:metabolism*; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C470121:PTHLH protein, human; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface