title: Effect of prostaglandin E1 on vascular endothelial growth factor production by human macrophages and colon cancer cells.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was predominantly expressed in macrophages of sporadic human colonic adenomas; however, the role of COX-2-expressing cells during colon carcinogenesis has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we showed the effect of PGE, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by PMA-differentiated U937 cells, a human macrophage model (H-Mac), and by human colon cancer cells T84. PGE1 dramatically induced VEGF production by H-Mac, but not that by T84. PGE1 significantly increased intracellular cAMP formation by H-Mac, but only modestly increased that by T84. 8-bromo-cAMP and cholera toxin also increased VEGF production by H-Mac. In contrast, neither of these agents modulated VEGF production by T84. EP2 and EP4 (PGE specific receptors) mRNA was expressed in both cells. PG dramatically increased VEGF production by activated macrophages, but not by cancer cells, through a specific PGE receptor-mediated process. These findings suggest that PGs produced by COX-2-expressing macrophages induce VEGF production by macrophages, but not by cancer cells, in an autocrine fashion.
authors.affiliation: First Dept. of Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, Kawagoe, Japan. bam@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bamba
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017931:DNA Primers; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008222:Lymphokines; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone