title: Visually significant cystoid macular edema in pseudophakic and aphakic patients with glaucoma receiving latanoprost.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of visually significant cystoid macular edema associated with the use of latanoprost in patients with glaucoma after cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a multicenter, retrospective study of 185 patients, of whom 173 were pseudophakic (212 eyes) and 12 were aphakic (13 eyes), who were treated for glaucoma with latanoprost 0.005%. The posterior lens capsule was intact in 125 eyes, open or absent as a result of surgery in 25 eyes, and status-post-yttrium-aluminum-garnet capsulotomy in 75 eyes. Visual acuity was documented before and after initiating latanoprost therapy, and patients with a reduction of two or more lines on the Snellen chart were examined by fluorescein angiography for cystoid macular edema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual reduction was documented in four (2.16%) patients. Three of the four patients had cystoid macular edema, and the fourth was thought to have lost a central island of vision from glaucoma. The three patients with cystoid macular edema all had ruptured posterior capsules, requiring anterior vitrectomy, and one had a previous episode of cystoid macular edema 3 years before starting latanoprost therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that visually significant cystoid macular edema associated with latanoprost therapy in pseudophakic or aphakic patients is uncommon. If there is a cause-and-effect relationship between latanoprost therapy and clinically significant cystoid macular edema, the incidence appears to be low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paranhos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Honkanen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Devgan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wand
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gaudio
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001036:Aphakia, Postcataract / Q000150:complications*; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications*; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost