title: Rapid transbilayer phospholipid redistribution associated with exocytotic release of neurotransmitters from cholinergic nerve terminals isolated from electric ray Narke japonica.
abstract: Asymmetric phospholipid distribution between the outer and inner monolayers of cholinergic synaptosomal membranes at rest and their redistribution upon depolarization-induced acetylcholine (ACh) release were investigated. Translocation of phospholipids between the monolayers was measured using fluorescence-labeled phospholipid probes, NBD-PS, NBD-PE, and NBD-PC. The percentage of probes in the inner leaflet at equilibrium in synaptosomes at rest was estimated to be 63% (NBD-PS), 36% (NBD-PE), and 31% (NBD-PC). Depolarization-induced exocytosis induced rapid redistribution of these probes. Approximately 35% of PS and PC in the inner leaflet moved to the outer leaflet, whereas only 16% of PE moved. To further elucidate the mechanism of exocytosis and membrane fusion at presynaptic nerve terminals in the future, the rapid phospholipid translocation associated with exocytosis must be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurobiophysics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirashima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kirino
mesh_terms: D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002799:Cholinergic Fibers / Q000378:metabolism*; D004557:Electric Organ / Q000737:chemistry; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism*; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism; D012860:Skates, Fish / Q000378:metabolism; D013010:Sonication; D013570:Synaptic Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C078632:1-acyl-2-(12-((7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)dodecanoyl)phosphatidylcholine; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; C034296:N-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylserine; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D010743:Phospholipids; D002104:Cadmium; C042077:N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium