title: [Epidural analgesia in total gastrectomy--combination of bupivacaine with ketamine or fentanyl].
abstract: The effects of intraoperative epidural administration of ketamine added to bupivacaine were compared with fentanyl added to bupivacaine in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. Prospective, randomized, double blind study was designed to compare: group F: 20 patients (pts) receiving 20 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine and 50 ug of fentanyl and group K: 20 pts in whom 20 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine was combined with 50 mg of ketamine. Pts received an epidural injection through peridural catheter introduced through either T7-8 or T8-9 interspinous space. Non invasive arterial blood pressure, heart rate and ECG were recorded every 5 mins. We measured supplementary fentanyl requirement, ephedrine consumption, first postoperative complain on pain, tracheal extubation time. The groups were comparable with regard to patients characteristics, operation and anaesthesia related factors. There were no difference between groups in mean intraoperative fentanyl requirements (F vs. K = 118.5 (122.5) ug vs. 122.5(122.5)ug) (p n > 0.05), in the duration of epidural pain relief (F vs. K = 393.72 (98.75)min vs.403.63 (111.41)min, in the tracheal extubation time (F vs.K = 52.31 (50.4) vs.46.75 (48.35) min), postoperative sedation score (F vs.K = 1.26 (0.73) vs.1.11 (0.32)) (p > 0.05). Significantly higher systolic blood pressure was measured in group K comparing with group F in 20, 75, 105, 120, 150 min (p > 0.05). Statistically significant more ephedrine was applied in F group (F vs.K = 0.88(1.76)ml vs.0.05(0.23)ml) (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in heart rate during the operation. None of the pts complained of bad dreams or awakeness during operation. Both fentanyl and ketamine added to bupivacaine and given as a bolus provided good intraoperative analgesia in combination with general anaesthesia, minimal sensorimotor disturbance and early tracheal extubation. In our study fentanyl added to bupivacaine caused higher incidence of hypotension than ketamine added to bupivacaine.
authors.affiliation: Insitut za bolesti digestivnog sistema KCS, Centar za hirurgiju jednjaka, Beograd.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Janković
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stamenković
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milosavljević
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pesko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005283:Fentanyl; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D007649:Ketamine; D005283:Fentanyl; D002045:Bupivacaine