title: Xenopus crescent encoding a Frizzled-like domain is expressed in the Spemann organizer and pronephros.
abstract: The Spemann organizer can be subdivided into head- and trunk-inducing tissues along the anteroposterior axis (Mangold, 1933. Naturwiisenschaften 43, 761-766; Spemann, 1931. Wilhelm Roux Arch. Entwicklungsmech. Org. 123, 389-517). Recent studies have suggested that head formation is brought about by repression of both Wnt and BMP signalling (Glinka et al., 1998. Nature 391, 357-362; Glinka et al., 1997. Nature 389, 517-519). Several Wnt inhibitors secreted from the head organizer region have been identified in Xenopus, such as Cerberus (Bouwmeester et al., 1996. Nature 382, 595-601), Frzb-1 (Leyns et al., 1997. Cell 88, 747-756; Lin et al., 1997. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 11196-11200), and Dkk-1 (Glinka et al., 1998. Nature 391, 357-362), supporting this two-inhibitor model. To isolate genes expressed in the head organizer, we screened a prechordal plate cDNA library by sequencing and expression pattern, and isolated the Xenopus ortholog of chick crescent encoding a Frizzled-like domain that is related to Wnt-binding regions of the Frizzled-family proteins. Expression of Xenopus crescent was first detected in the Spemann organizer region at the early gastrula stage and later in prechordal plate cells lining the boundary of mesoderm and ectoderm layers and in the anterior endoderm. At tailbud stages, the expression in the endomesoderm region was diminished, while expression in the pronephros became detectable. In animal cap assays, crescent gene was synergistically upregulated by coexpression of Xlim1, Ldb1, and Siamois, but not by Activin treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hikasa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shinga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taira
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007668:Kidney / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020897:Organizers, Embryonic / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C491629:frzb2 protein, Xenopus