Dietary protein restriction lowers plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), impairs cortical bone formation, and induces osteoblastic resistance to IGF-I in adult female rats.
Dietary protein deficiency, common in elderly, is associated with decreased areal bone mineral density and plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). To investigate the early adaptation of bone cells to protein restriction, 6-month-old female rats were pair-fed with isocaloric 15% (control) or 2.5% casein diets for 14 days. Animals were then treated daily with rhIGF-I/IGFBP-3 (1:4, 2.5 mg IGF-I/kg BW) or with vehicle for 10 days. After double-labeling, proximal metaphysis and mid-diaphysis of the tibia were analyzed histomorphometrically. Plasma osteocalcin, IGF-I, and urinary deoxypyridinoline were quantified. After 14 days of protein restriction, significant drops in plasma osteocalcin (13%) and IGF-I (37%), in periosteal formation (83%) and mineral apposition (49%) rates are observed, indicating a decreased osteoblast recruitment and activity. In cancellous bone, a significant decrease in active eroded surfaces (27%) and osteoclast number (24%) indicates a transient depression of resorption. In rats fed the 15% casein diet, rhIGF-I/IGFBP-3 increases cancellous (42%) and periosteal (600%) formation rates, indicating an increased osteoblast recruitment. In protein-restricted rats, rhIGF-I/IGFBP-3 fails to increase cancellous or periosteal bone formation and plasma osteocalcin is significantly lower than in 15% casein+rhIGF-I/ IGFBP-3 rats. Protein restriction induces osteoblast resistance to rhIGF-I/IGFBP-3 in both bone envelopes. Low plasma IGF-I and osteoblast resistance to IGF-I, may contribute to the impaired periosteal formation.
Bourrin
S
S
World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Ammann
P
P
Bonjour
J P
JP
Rizzoli
R
R
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
D015415:Biomarkers; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I