title: Intraseptal implantation of NGF-releasing microspheres promote the survival of axotomized cholinergic neurons.
abstract: Neurotrophic factors therapy requires their precise delivery to the targeted neuronal population. For this purpose, a wide range of strategies have been developed, and among them the stereotaxic implantation of biodegradable microparticles. To assess the in vivo activity of NGF-releasing PLGA microspheres, unloaded and NGF-loaded microparticles were implanted in the rat brain, near the septal cholinergic neurons, axotomized by an unilateral transection of the fornix-fimbria. Histological analysis at two and six weeks after implantation revealed a non-specific astro- and micro-glial reaction around the microspheres, identical for both unloaded and NGF-loaded microspheres. No neuronal toxicity was noticed, and healthy looking neurons were observed in contact with the microspheres. In the non-treated animals, the percentage of axotomized surviving neurons, when compared to the contralateral intact side, was 31 +/- 2 and 27 +/- 1% at two and six weeks, respectively. Unloaded microspheres caused no protective nor neurotoxic effects (40 +/- 9 and 39 +/- 6% of surviving cholinergic neurons at two and six weeks, respectively). In contrast, NGF-loaded microspheres showed a significant effect on the survival of axotomized cholinergic neurons at two and six weeks after implantation (66 +/- 9 and 61 +/- 5% when compared to the contralateral intact side, respectively). These results show that PLGA microparticles present no neurotoxicity and release sufficient amounts of bioactive NGF to significantly limit the lesion-induced disappearance of cholinergic neurons in the septum during at least six weeks. PLGA microparticles can be used in the future to administer neurotrophic factors in central nervous system disorders.
authors.affiliation: UPRES EA 2169 Vectorisation Particulaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, Angers, France.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Péan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menei
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Montero-Menei
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Benoit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D008863:Microspheres; D009300:Nasal Septum; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor