title: Induction of chromosomal aberrations by the rhodium(III) complex cis-[Rh(biq)(2)Cl(2)]Cl in cultured human lymphocytes.
abstract: The genotoxicity of the rhodium(III) complex cis-[Rh(biq)(2)Cl(2)]Cl (complex R) in cultured human lymphocytes was studied using the chromosome aberrations (CAs) assay. Lymphocyte cultures were initiated from two adult healthy non-smoking male volunteers and were exposed to the complex for a duration of 3 or 20 h prior to cell collection. The reduction in mitotic indices (MI) and the induction of CAs represented the toxic and clastogenic effects of the different treatments, respectively. Complex R proved to be an intermediate toxic clastogen with a MI(50) of 1.0 microg/ml and a minimum positive dose (MPD) of 0.1 microg/ml. Like bleomycin, complex R exerted its clastogenic effects without the need for metabolic activation and induced CAs of all types in lymphocytes treated in the G(2) and late S phases and, therefore, can be considered a radiomimetic. In addition, it induced more total CAs of chromatid-type than of chromosome-type. The reduction in the frequencies of CAs following the 20 h treatment as compared with those induced following the 3 h treatments indicated that human lymphocytes in the presence of complex R can partially tolerate the lesions involved in CA production. Based on the biological effects of complex R and the similarities between its functional group and that of bleomycin, possible mechanisms for complex R genotoxicity are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. may@yu.edu.jo
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sadiq
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zaghal
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: El-Shanti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000633:toxicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002842:Chromatids / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000633:toxicity*; D012238:Rhodium / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011804:Quinolines; C416050:complex R; D001761:Bleomycin; D012238:Rhodium