title: Semi-solid albumin solder improved mechanical properties for laser tissue welding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A semi-solid albumin solder formulated with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) was designed to improve the characteristics of liquid and solid solders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute tensile strengths were determined on canine small bowel in vitro by using liquid 50% bovine serum albumin (BSA), semi-solid 48% BSA with HPMC, and solid 60% BSA solder. Long-term healing of liquid and semi-solid solders, compared with a suture control, was evaluated in a porcine skin model, with tensile strength as well as histologic findings obtained on postoperative day 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acutely, semi-solid solder demonstrated a significantly (P < 0.05) higher tensile strength when compared with liquid or solid solder. At 7 days, HSA semi-solid and BSA semi-solid had significantly (P < 0.05) higher tensile strength than suture control; however, no differences were seen for liquid or solid solder groups. No differences in histology were appreciable between any of the solder groups in a porcine skin model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acutely and at 7 days, semi-solid solder was stronger than 50% liquid albumin with better handling characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bleustein
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Felsen
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Poppas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000293:injuries; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D013537:Sutures; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose