title: Effects of training on maximum oxygen consumption of ponies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish maximum oxygen consumption VO2max) in ponies of different body weights, characterize the effects of training of short duration on VO2max, and compare these effects to those of similarly trained Thoroughbreds.
  
  
  METHODS
  5 small ponies, 4 mid-sized ponies, and 6 Thoroughbreds.
  
  
  METHODS
  All horses were trained for 4 weeks. Horses were trained every other day for 10 minutes on a 10% incline at a combination of speeds equated with 40, 60, 80, and 100% of VO2max. At the beginning and end of the training program, each horse performed a standard incremental exercise test in which VO2max was determined. Cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV), and arteriovenous oxygen content difference (C [a-v] O2) were measured in the 2 groups of ponies but not in the Thoroughbreds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior to training, mean VO2max for each group was 82.6 = 2.9, 97.4 +/- 13.2, and 130.6 +/- 10.4 ml/kg/min, respectively. Following training, mean VO2max increased to 92.3 +/- 6.0, 107.8 +/- 12.8, and 142.9 +/- 10.7 ml/kg/min. Improvement in VO2max was significant in all 3 groups. For the 2 groups of ponies, this improvement was mediated by an increase in Q; this variable was not measured in the Thoroughbreds. Body weight decreased significantly in the Thoroughbreds but not in the ponies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ponies have a lower VO2max than Thoroughbreds, and larger ponies have a greater VO2max than smaller ponies. Although mass-specific VO2max changed similarly in all groups, response to training may have differed between Thoroughbreds and ponies, because there were different effects on body weight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6610, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bayly
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Roeder
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kingston
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hines
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000662:veterinary; D006339:Heart Rate; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid