title: Expression of transforming growth factor-alpha mRNA in livers of patients with chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFalpha) is an important autocrine growth factor of hepatocytes. The authors evaluated the roles of TGFalpha in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors measured the amounts of TGFalpha mRNA in liver tissues from 18 patients with HCC, 31 patients with CVH, and 7 normal controls. " Hot-start" reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using oligo-dT and specific primers detected TGFalpha mRNA in total cellular RNA extracted from liver tissues. The levels of TGFalpha mRNA were determined by the end point titers of serial, two-fold dilutions of cDNA. The amounts of hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV-RNA) in livers of patients with chronic hepatitis B also were measured by Northern blot hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TGFalpha mRNA levels were extremely higher in patients with HCC compared with patients with CVH and normal controls, and the levels in patients with CVH also were elevated compared with normal controls. The levels of TGFalpha mRNA were overexpressed in the underlying livers of patients with HCC compared with patients with CVH, although they were lower than those found in HCC tissues. The levels of TGFalpha mRNA were higher in samples from patients with chronic hepatitis B than in samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C. The levels of TGFalpha mRNA were not correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase or HBV-RNA levels in liver tissues in patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, the expression of TGFalpha mRNA tended to be higher in the livers of patients with raised serum alpha-fetoprotein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overexpression of TGFalpha mRNA in the liver seems to be associated with the regeneration of hepatocytes rather than hepatic necrosis or viral replication. Also, it may be related closely to the development or progression of HCC, especially in the livers of patients with chronic hepatitis B.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha