title: Subcutaneous and musculoskeletal sparganosis: imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the imaging characteristics of subcutaneous and musculoskeletal sparganosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with musculoskeletal sparganosis were examined, with a variety of imaging modalities including MRI (n=6), ultrasonography (n=8), plain radiography (n=7) and CT (n=1). Pathologic correlation was carried out in all cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine lesions involved soft tissues, of which seven were in the thigh, two in the trunk and one involved a vertebral body. The majority of the lesions in soft tissue were confined to the subcutaneous layer but two extended deep into underlying muscles. Sonography revealed low-echoic serpiginous tubular tracts (8/8), and an intraluminal echogenic structure (4/8). MRI revealed multiple serpiginous tubular tracts and peripheral rim enhancement. Two patients showed perilesional soft tissue edema. Pathologically, the lesion consisted of a larva surrounded by three layers of inflammation: an inner epithelioid granulomatous cell layer, middle chronic inflammatory cell layers, and an outer fibrous layer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study suggests that if serpiginous tubular tracts are seen at imaging studies, musculoskeletal sparganosis should be included in the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Ajou University, College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013031:Sparganosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D013032:Sparganum; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography