title: The role of the interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor superfamily in inflammation and host defence.
abstract: The IL-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily comprises a diverse family of cell surface receptors defined by a characteristic conserved sequence in their cytosolic regions, termed the Toll/IL-1 receptor domain, which function in inflammation and host defence against microbial pathogens. Members include receptors for the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-18 and Toll-like receptors 2 and 4, which are involved in host responses to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Signalling pathways activated by these receptors are conserved and the superfamily represents a pan-genomic system involved in the host response to infection and injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: O'Neill
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005544:Forecasting; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D010935:Plant Diseases; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C507779:MYD88 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors