title: A comparison of cervical pathology between United States Air Force women who did and did not serve in the Persian Gulf War.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to look objectively at cervical cytological differences between women Gulf War female veterans (GWFV) and Gulf War-era active duty females not deployed to the Gulf (NDF) during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm using Pap smear results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 6715 active duty Air Force women who also served on active duty between August 7, 1990-March 1, 1991 provided at least one Pap smear as part of routine medical care during 1994. Of these, 1446 were identified as GWFV and 5269 were identified as NDF. Diagnoses were compared using Chi-square tests with Yate's continuity correction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences between the two groups, overall, in the diagnosis of other than within normal limits (OTWNL), the diagnoses of significant disease or in Bethesda system diagnoses in each of the three years for which comparisons were made. GWFV diagnosed in the 26-30 age group were significantly more likely to have a diagnosis of OTWNL than were NDF in the same age group in 1994. There were no differences between the two groups in any other age category.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data provide little support for the hypothesis that a difference exists between GWFV and NDF with respect to abnormal cervical cytology.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology, Repository and Research Services, Armed Forces Institue of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Frommelt
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: O'Leary
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D044383:Black People; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014728:Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014857:Warfare; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data