title: Impaired immunogenicity of immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) by administration in slow-release formulations.
abstract: This study was performed to explore the possible benefits of formulations and administration regimens that allow a protracted release of iscoms from the injection site. Three forms of slow release of immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) were therefore tested; encapsulation in sodium alginate gel, emulsification in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) or pulsed-release mimicked by weekly administrations. The administration of iscoms in a depot (alginate or FIA) or in pulses resulted in an antibody response of similar magnitude to that of a traditional two-dose scheme. The character of the immune response was on the other hand affected, i.e. the proportion of specific IgG2a and the IFN-gamma production was decreased by a protracted or repeated release of iscoms, either by a depot or by weekly administrations.
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Section of Virology, BMC, Box 585, S-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ranlund
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lövgren-Bengtsson
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D005782:Gels; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020551:Pulse Therapy, Drug; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005782:Gels; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D016882:ISCOMs; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant