title: A prospective study of alcohol consumption and cataract extraction among U.S. women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alcohol consumption has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cataract in some, but not all analytic studies. To date, no prospective analysis of the relationship between alcohol consumption and cataract has been conducted in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the association between alcohol consumption and cataract extraction in a prospective cohort of female registered nurses. In 1980, 50,461 women were included and others were added as they became 45 years of age for a total of 77,466 women. Information on alcohol consumption and incidence of senile cataract extraction was ascertained during 12 years of follow-up with biennial questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed 1468 cases of cataract extraction in 761,036 person-years of follow-up. Compared to nondrinkers, those consuming alcohol were not at increased risk of cataract, even up to 25 grams or more per day (2 or more drinks). Results remained unchanged after controlling for cataract risk factors including cigarette smoking, body mass index, and diabetes. When risk was examined for specific cataract subtypes only, those in the highest category of consumption had a multivariate relative risk of 1.10 for nuclear cataracts and 1.50 for posterior subcapsular cataracts only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These prospective data suggest that there is no substantial overall increased risk of senile cataract due to alcohol intake. The possibility that alcohol consumption leads to a modest increased risk of posterior subcapsular type opacities requiring extraction merits further exploration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chasan-Taber
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seddon
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stampfer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rosner
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Colditz
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Speizer
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hankinson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology*; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment