title: Adenovirus-mediated genetic manipulation of the myocardial beta-adrenergic signaling system in transplanted hearts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ex vivo perfusion of the cardiac allograft during organ procurement is an ideal environment for adenoviral vectors with transgenes that target improving graft contractility. One such target is the beta-adrenergic receptor-signaling system, in which alterations in transgenic mice have elucidated novel means to improve the function of the heart in vivo. The purpose of the current study was to determine the functional consequences of beta-adrenergic receptor manipulation in a rabbit model of cardiac allograft transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  New Zealand White rabbits weighing 3 kg served as recipients to 1-kg outbred donors. Donor hearts were arrested and harvested, and 1 of 3 adenoviral constructs was administered into the aortic root perfusing the graft. Transgenes delivered encoded either the human beta(2)-adrenergic receptor, a peptide inhibitor of beta-adrenergic receptor densensitization, or the marker transgene beta-galactosidase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five days after cervical heterotopic transplantation, left ventricular performance was measured on a Langendorff apparatus. A moderate pattern of rejection was seen in all grafts. Biventricular myocyte expression of beta-galactosidase was observed, and beta(2)-adrenergic receptor density was elevated 10-fold in grafts that received adeno-beta(2)-adrenergic receptor. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic performance was significantly increased in grafts transfected with either adeno-beta(2)-adrenergic receptor or adeno-beta-adrenergic receptor densensitization compared with control grafts that received adeno-beta-galactosidase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ex vivo adenovirus-mediated gene transfer is feasible in a rabbit allograft model and, more important, genetic manipulation of beta-adrenergic receptor signaling either by increasing beta(2)-adrenergic receptor density or blocking endogenous receptor desensitization improves graft function acutely in this allograft model.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General and Thoracic Surgery and Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pippen
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kypson
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Glower
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lefkowitz
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011817:Rabbits; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D019076:Transgenes; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D001616:beta-Galactosidase