title: Permeation studies in vitro and in vivo of potential radiopharmaceuticals with affinity to neuro receptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To check the influence of structural characteristics on their permeation through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a set of radioactive [99mTc]chelates bearing amine groups was synthesized and tested in vitro as well as in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Compounds with different log P and pKa values were obtained by complex forming reactions of [99mTc]pertechnetate with varying substituents. Transport was studied in rats and mice, as well as in an ECV304 cell culture model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro higher permeation was found for compounds with electron attracting substituents in beta-position to the amine group (pKa values 7.4 to 8.3) than for those with more basic amine groups (pKa values > 8.9) even for similar log DH 7.4. In vivo brain uptake between 0.8 and 4.8% of the injected dose (ID) per organ was found for the former, whereas <0.4% ID were present for the latter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three structurally diverse classes of [99mTc]chelates showed distinct patterns with regard to brain uptake in vivo and BBB permeability in vitro which could not be predicted by their lipophilicity alone. The close correlation between the data from rats and mice and those obtained with cell cultures render the ECV304 cells an attractive model for the screening of new compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmacy, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friebe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Spies
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Syhre
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Johannsen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chiotellis
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Krämer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wunderli-Allenspach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D002460:Cell Line; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface