title: Signaling pathways of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
abstract: The nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) provides the initial central synaptic relay to peripheral chemoreceptor afferent inputs elicited by changes in oxygen tension. Insofar, the overall cumulative evidence pointing towards the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor as the critical receptor underlying the early component of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) is reviewed in detail. In addition, we will present recent findings supporting a role for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) beta receptor activation in modulation of the late phase of HVR. This evidence underscores the proposal of a working model for intracellular signaling pathways, downstream to the NMDA glutamate and PDGF-beta receptors in nTS neurons, which may contribute to both the ventilatory characteristics of the acute hypoxic response and to subsequently occurring functional adaptations and synaptic plasticity phenomena.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Ste. 321, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. d0goza01@gwise.louisville.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gozal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gozal
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simakajornboon
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000502:physiology; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011493:Protein Kinase C