title: Virological and immunological effects of combination antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine, lamivudine, and indinavir during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
abstract: Forty-seven patients presenting with primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were treated with zidovudine 200 mg 3 times a day, lamivudine 150 mg 2 times a day, and indinavir 800 mg 3 times a day for 1 year. From a mean pretreatment viral RNA level of 4.93 log(10) copies/mL, the proportions of patients having <500 copies/mL at 24 and 52 weeks were 92.0% and 89.2%, respectively. For the 35 patients with data available at 24 and 52 weeks, the corresponding proportions for the <50 copies/mL analysis were 86.6% and 79.3%, respectively. The change in virus load was -2.19 and -2.41 log(10) copies/mL at weeks 8 and 52, respectively. CD4 cell counts increased, from a mean of 546 cells/mm(3), by 142 cells/mm(3) at week 24 and by 210 cells/mm(3) at week 52. Three patients discontinued the study because of drug-related toxicity. Six (12.8%) patients had adverse experiences associated with nephrolithiasis. Combination therapy with zidovudine, lamivudine, and indinavir during primary HIV infection results in a profound and sustained reduction in virus load with concurrent recovery of the CD4 cell population.
authors.affiliation: Director, Community HIV Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia. don. smith@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Berrey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clumeck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazzarin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burckhardt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine; D019469:Indinavir