title: Does a peculiar EEG pattern exist also for FRAXE mental retardation?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  FRAXE mental retardation, a recently identified rare genetic condition, is due to a mutation of the FMR2 gene, located at Xq28 region. The phenotype is non-specific and characterized by developmental delay, speech, reading and writing problems, poor adaptive skills, anxiety, aggressiveness, obsessive-compulsive disturbance, and hyperactivity. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristic EEG pattern found in one patient with FRAXE mental retardation.
  
  
  METHODS
  EEG (with photic stimulation and hand/foot tapping) and median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded in a 8-year-old male patient with FRAXE mental retardation (diagnosis confirmed by molecular genetic analysis) and speech disturbances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient never presented seizures; however, sleep enhanced multifocal spikes were found in the EEG. Moreover, tactile stimulation of hands and feet, as well as intermittent photic stimulation, provoked the appearance of spikes. Somatosensory evoked potentials from the median nerves showed a 'giant' component at around 60 ms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the rarity of both FRAXE mental retardation and tactile evoked spikes, their association in the same subject might be considered as not casual. If confirmed by future studies, these neurophysiological findings might be considered as a marker for FRAXE mental retardation.
authors.affiliation: Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Via Conte Ruggero, 73, 94018, Troina, Italy.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Musumeci
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scuderi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anello
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salluzzo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elia
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators
chemical_list: C099930:AFF2 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators