title: Human adenosine A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3) receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells all mediate the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2.
abstract: The known diverse effects of adenosine on mitogenesis may be related to changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases. In this study we therefore compared the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) via the four known human adenosine receptors A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3), stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The adenosine analog 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), known to act on all subtypes, had no effect on untransfected CHO cells, but did cause a substantial time- and dose-dependent phosphorylation in CHO cells transfected with each of the receptors. The maximal phosphorylation was highest in A(1) and A(3) receptor-transfected cells, intermediate in A(2A) and low in A(2B) receptor-expressing CHO cells. For all receptors the half-maximal ERK1/2 phosphorylation was observed at 19-115 nM NECA. NECA acting on adenosine A(2B) receptors was much more potent in stimulating ERK1/2 phosphorylation (EC(50) = 19 nM) than cAMP formation (EC(50) = 1.4 microM). Stimulation with the endogenous ligand adenosine resulted in the same pattern of ERK1/2 phosphorylation as NECA. Concentrations of adenosine that occur physiologically caused an increased phosphorylation after 5 min in CHO cells transfected with any one of the four adenosine receptors. Adenosine at levels reached during ischemia (3 microM) induced a more pronounced, but still transient, activation of ERK1/2. In conclusion, this study shows that all the human adenosine receptors transfected into CHO cells are able to activate ERK1/2 at physiologically relevant concentrations of the endogenous agonist.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden. gunnar.schulte@fyfa.ki.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Fredholm
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D043704:Receptor, Adenosine A2B; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D043704:Receptor, Adenosine A2B; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000241:Adenosine