title: The TITAN5 gene of Arabidopsis encodes a protein related to the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP binding proteins.
abstract: The titan (ttn) mutants of Arabidopsis exhibit dramatic alterations in mitosis and cell cycle control during seed development. Endosperm development in these mutants is characterized by the formation of giant polyploid nuclei with enlarged nucleoli. Embryo development is accompanied by significant cell enlargement in some mutants (ttn1 and ttn5) but not others (ttn2 and ttn3). We describe here the molecular cloning of TTN5 using a T-DNA-tagged allele. A second allele with a similar phenotype contains a nonsense mutation in the same coding region. The predicted protein is related to ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs), members of the RAS family of small GTP binding proteins that regulate various cellular functions in eukaryotes. TTN5 is most closely related in sequence to the ARL2 class of ARF-like proteins isolated from humans, rats, and mice. Although the cellular functions of ARL proteins remain unclear, the ttn5 phenotype is consistent with the known roles of ARFs in the regulation of intracellular vesicle transport.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Agribusiness Biotechnology Research, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McElver
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rumbaugh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meinke
mesh_terms: D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012639:Seeds / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C416512:TTN5 protein, Arabidopsis; D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D018631:ras Proteins