title: Antiplatelet activity of Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid is mediated through a cyclic AMP pathway.
abstract: In this study, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (LTA) dose dependently (0.1-1.0 microg/mL) and time dependently (10-60 min) inhibited platelet aggregation in human platelets stimulated by agonists (i.e., thrombin and collagen). LTA also dose dependently inhibited intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in human platelets stimulated by collagen. In addition, LTA (0.5 and 1.0 microg/mL) dose dependently increased the formation of cyclic AMP but not cyclic GMP in platelets. LTA (0.5 and 1.0 microg/mL) did not significantly increase the production of nitrate within a 10-min incubation period. Rapid phosphorylation of a platelet protein of M(r) 47,000, a marker of protein kinase C activation, was triggered by PDBu (0.03 microM). This phosphorylation was dose dependently inhibited by LTA (0.5 and 1.0 microg/mL) within a 10-min incubation period. Furthermore, LTA (0.5 and 1.0 microg/mL) also inhibited platelet aggregation induced by PDBu (0.03 microM) in human platelets. These results indicate that the antiplatelet activity of LTA may be involved in the increase of cyclic AMP, leading to inhibition of intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and protein kinase C activity. Therefore, LTA-mediated alteration of platelet function may contribute to bleeding diathesis in septicemic and endotoxemic patients.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan. sheujr@tmc.edu.tw
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009566:Nitrates; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; C009900:lipoteichoic acid; D003094:Collagen; D000242:Cyclic AMP; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D000527:Alprostadil; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D006152:Cyclic GMP