title: Association between patient-related factors and risk of calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate urolithiasis in cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether breed, age, sex, or reproductive status (i.e., neutered versus sexually intact) was associated with the apparent increase in prevalence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths and the decrease in prevalence of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) uroliths in cats over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case cats consisted of cats with CaOx (n = 7,895) or MAP (7,334) uroliths evaluated at the Minnesota Urolith Center between 1981 and 1997. Control cats consisted of cats without urinary tract disease admitted to veterinary teaching hospitals in the United States and Canada during the same period (150,482).
  
  
  METHODS
  Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  British Shorthair, Exotic Shorthair, Foreign Shorthair, Havana Brown, Himalayan, Persian, Ragdoll, and Scottish Fold cats had an increased risk of developing CaOx uroliths, as did male cats and neutered cats. Chartreux, domestic shorthair, Foreign Shorthair, Himalayan, Oriental Shorthair, and Ragdoll cats had an increased risk of developing MAP uroliths, as did female cats and neutered cats. Cats with CaOx uroliths were significantly older than cats with MAP uroliths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that changes in breed, age, sex, or reproductive status did not contribute to the apparent reciprocal relationship between prevalences of CaOx and MAP uroliths in cats during a 17-year period. However, cats of particular breeds, ages, sex, and reproductive status had an increased risk of developing CaOx and MAP uroliths.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota Urolith Center, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lekcharoensuk
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Urlich
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Swanson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D016015:Logistic Models; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D000069877:Struvite; D013997:Time Factors; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D000069877:Struvite