title: Glucose transporters and transport kinetics in retinoic acid-differentiated T47D human breast cancer cells.
abstract: The rates of glucose transport and of glycolysis and the expression of the glucose transporters GLUT-1 through GLUT-4 were measured in T47D human breast cancer cells that underwent differentiation by retinoic acid. Glucose transport was found to be the rate-limiting step of glycolysis in control and differentiated cells. The transporters GLUT-1, GLUT-3, and GLUT-4 were present in the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, and GLUT-2 was present solely in the cytoplasm. Differentiation led to a reduction in GLUT-1 and to an increase in cytoplasmic GLUT-2 and GLUT-3 with no change in GLUT-4. Differentiation also caused a reduction in the maximal velocity of glucose transport by approximately 40% without affecting the Michaelis-Menten constant of glucose transport. These changes did not alter the steady-state concentration of the phosphate metabolites regulating cell energetics but increased the content of phospholipid breakdown phosphodiesters. In conclusion, differentiation of human breast cancer cells appears to be associated with decreased glycolysis by a mechanism that involves a reduction in GLUT-1 and a slowdown of glucose transport.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rivenzon-Segal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rushkin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polak-Charcon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Degani
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; C495687:SLC2A3 protein, human; D014212:Tretinoin; D007633:Keratins; D005947:Glucose