title: Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase attenuates inflammation in a model of chronic colitis.
abstract: Crohn's disease is a chronic disease characterized by oxidant-induced tissue injury and increased intestinal permeability. A consequence of oxidative damage is the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which subsequently catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of target proteins. In this study, we assessed the role of PARP in the colitis seen in interleukin (IL)-10 gene-deficient mice. IL-10 gene-deficient mice demonstrated significant alterations in colonic cellular energy status in conjunction with increased permeability, proinflammatory cytokine release, and nitrosative stress. After 14 days of treatment with the PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide, IL-10 gene-deficient mice demonstrated normalized colonic permeability; reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma secretion, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitrotyrosine levels; and significantly attenuated inflammation. Time course studies demonstrated that 3-aminobenzamide rapidly altered cellular metabolic activity and decreased cellular lactate levels. This was associated with normalization of colonic permeability and followed by a downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine release. Our data demonstrate that inhibition of PARP activity results in a marked improvement of colonic inflammatory disease and a normalization of cellular metabolic function and intestinal permeability.
authors.affiliation: University of Calgary, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2C2, Canada.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Jijon
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malfair
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wessler
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Jewell
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Madsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003092:Colitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D011506:Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011506:Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C025160:3-aminobenzamide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C499321:Parp1 protein, mouse; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases