Assault, PTSD, family substance use, and depression as risk factors for cigarette use in youth: findings from the National Survey of Adolescents.
A national household probability sample of 4,023 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years was surveyed by telephone via structured clinical interview to determine the impact of familial substance use, sexual and physical assault, witnessed violence, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on risk of smoking. Results indicated that familial substance use increased risk of smoking only for boys and sexual assault or depression increased risk of smoking only for girls. Age, Caucasian ethnicity, and experiencing physical assault or witnessing violence elevated risk of current cigarette use for both genders. By contrast, PTSD per se was not associated with increased risk of smoking, after the effects of other variables were controlled.
Acierno
R
R
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-0742, USA. acierno@musc.edu
Kilpatrick
D G
DG
Resnick
H
H
Saunders
B
B
De Arellano
M
M
Best
C
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*