title: Detection of cytomegalovirus in the meconium of infected newborns by polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of hearing loss and mental retardation throughout the world. Detection of the CMV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers a sensitive, rapid, and specific means of identification. Meconium, the stool formed in utero, may be an ideal specimen for CMV detection. The objective of this study was to develop a PCR-based methodology for the detection of CMV in the meconium of neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Meconium was collected from 10 newborn infants (seven with positive viral cultures and three uninfected infants born to CMV-seropositive mothers). For each, DNA was isolated from meconium by organic extraction and attachment to a DNA-binding matrix, and PCR was performed using amplimers specific for the major intermediate early (MIE) and late antigenic (LA) regions of CMV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gel electrophoresis demonstrated an anticipated PCR product of 250 base pairs (bp) corresponding to the MIE region of CMV in all infected and positive control meconium samples. Furthermore, a single band of 150 bp corresponding to the LA region of CMV was also amplified in several of the infected infants. Conversely, no amplification of these antigenic regions was noted in either uninfected infants born to CMV-seropositive mothers or negative controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CMV is present within the meconium of infected neonates and is readily detectable by PCR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Hutzel Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Svinarich
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gonik
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ostrea
mesh_terms: D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008470:Meconium / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral