Therapeutic responses to quinine and clindamycin in multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria.
Therapeutic responses to clindamycin in combination with quinine were assessed in adult Thai patients with uncomplicated multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In total 204 patients were randomized to receive a 7-day oral treatment regimen of quinine (Q(7)) either alone (n = 68), in combination with clindamycin (Q(7)C(7); n = 68), or in combination with tetracycline (Q(7)T(7); n = 68). All patients had uncomplicated recoveries with no serious adverse effects. Fever clearance times for both of the two combination regimens (median of 47 h and range of 8 to 120 h for Q(7)C(7) and median of 36 h and range of 8 to 117 h for Q(7)T(7)) were significantly shorter than that for the Q(7)-only regimen (median, 56; range, 4 to 152 h) (P = 0.002). Parasite clearance times (overall mean +/- standard deviation, 78 +/- 23 h) were not significantly different between the three treatment groups (P = 0. 98). The cure rates assessed at 28 days of follow-up were 100% for Q(7)C(7) and 98% for Q(7)T(7), whereas the cure rate was 87% for the Q(7)-only regimen (P < or = 0.04). Clindamycin in combination with quinine is a safe and effective treatment for multidrug-resistant P. falciparum malaria. This combination may be of particular value in children and pregnant women, in whom tetracyclines are contraindicated.
Pukrittayakamee
S
S
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chantra
A
A
Vanijanonta
S
S
Clemens
R
R
Looareesuwan
S
S
White
N J
NJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects; D011803:Quinine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000962:Antimalarials; D002981:Clindamycin; D011803:Quinine; D013752:Tetracycline