title: Peroral infection of nuclear polyhedrosis virus budded particles in the host, Bombyx mori l., enabled by an optical brightener, Tinopal UNPA-GX.
abstract: Perorally inoculated budded particles of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus was used to infect Bombyx mori (BmNPV) (Lepidoptera; Bombycidae), aided by an optical brightener, Tinopal UNPA-GX (Tinopal). BmNPV budded particles not occluded in the occlusion body do not infect successfully the host, B. mori, when administered perorally. It was found that feeding the host Tinopal enabled perorally delivered BmNPV budded particles to infect the host. B. mori larvae ingesting BmNPV budded particles (1.3 x 10(6) TCID(50) units per larva) after they consumed an artificial diet containing 0. 3% Tinopal died of the viral infection. Peroral administration of these particles to host larvae with 1% Tinopal also resulted in virus infection. Tinopal is a candidate for viral activity enhancing agent promoting viral insecticide infection in hosts. The results suggest that B. mori-BmNPV budded particles are convenient for detecting viral infection enhancement activity of a chemical of interest. Since recombinant baculovirus vectors are constructed by replacing the polyhedrin gene with the foreign gene of interest, they do not produce occlusion bodies, i.e. polyhedra. Budded particles of a baculovirus vector not occluded in polyhedra cannot infect their hosts when administered perorally. The peroral inoculation of BmNPV budded particles by Tinopal leads to industrial pharmaceutics production using a baculovirus vector for a huge number of insect hosts, i.e. an 'insect factory'.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science (NISES), Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan. arak@nises.affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012831:Bombyx / Q000821:virology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007814:Larva; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology; D017924:Nucleopolyhedroviruses / Q000254:growth & development*; D014771:Virion / Q000254:growth & development; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C011556:Tinopal