title: Nasal tumors in rats following long-term inhalation exposure to 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 (DCB).
abstract: This study was conducted to elucidate the time- and dose-response relationships of long-term, low-level 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 (DCB) inhalation exposure to nasal tumor induction in rats. Male Crl:CD BR rats were exposed 6 hours per day, 5 days week to 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 ppm DCB for up to 19 months; some rats were sacrificed at various time intervals during the study. After 19 months of exposure, surviving rats were held without treatment for an additional 5 months. Tissues from the respiratory tract, lymph nodes, and brain were evaluated microscopically. Compound-related non-neoplastic lesions were observed in the nasal cavities of rats in the 1.0 ppm group after three months of exposure and in the other two groups after twelve months of exposure. The lesions were progressive in severity and frequency. A statistically significant increase in benign nasal tumors (adenomas) occurred in rats from all three DCB-exposed groups. The adenomas occurred in the respiratory region of the nasal cavity and were first observed in the 1.0 ppm group at study month 10. Malignant nasal tumors occurred in the olfactory region of the nasal cavity and were statistically increased at 1.0 ppm.
authors.affiliation: E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, DuPont Crop Protection Products, Wilmington, DE 19805, USA.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Mullin
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D003354:Corynebacterium Infections / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; C010709:1,4-dichloro-2-butene