title: Planning by older mothers for the future care of offspring with serious mental illness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined permanency planning by older mothers for their adult offspring with long-term mental illness, including extent of residential and financial planning, desire for future family care, and perceived need for and use of services to assist with planning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mail surveys were completed by 157 mothers (mean age, 67 years) from 41 states who lived with and provided care to adult offspring with serious mental disorders (mean age, 38 years). The offspring were mostly males (76 percent) and had diagnoses primarily of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (60 percent), multiple diagnoses (20 percent), or bipolar disorder (16 percent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 11 percent of mothers reported definite plans for their offspring's future residence, and many had done little or no planning. Three-quarters of respondents hoped that another family member would assume care, yet only one-quarter thought such arrangements would definitely occur. Two-thirds of the respondents had completed financial plans. Although more than two-thirds expressed the need for services to help with planning, less than one-third had used such services. More than half reported awareness of age-related changes in themselves or their spouse as the primary reason for planning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older parents of adults with long-term mental illness need professional help with planning for their offspring's future. This assistance should focus on mechanisms such as estate planning to enable case management and other services after parents' death. The involvement of nondisabled siblings in planning should also be encouraged.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA. gs80@umail.umd.edu
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hatfield
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D019090:Case Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors