title: A prospective follow-up study of ECT outcome in older depressed patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the relationship between age and outcome of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a naturalistic, prospective follow-up of 81 consecutive in-patients with primary major depression. ECT outcome was compared for three age groups - under 65, 65-74 and 75 years and over - on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) and clinical outcome rating scale. Assessments were performed pre-ECT, immediately post-ECT, 1-3 years later and, for patients suspected of having dementia, 5 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At post-ECT and follow-up, improvement on HRSD and clinical outcome ratings were comparable for patients in the three age groups. Improvements on GAF were also comparable post-ECT, but not between post-ECT and follow-up. At follow-up, 35.7% of the oldest group had dementia. Importantly, patients who did and did not develop dementia were clinically indistinguishable prior to ECT. The number and severity of common adverse events were similar pre- and post-ECT and were not associated with age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depressive outcome and adverse effects of ECT are largely independent of age. Older patients receiving ECT appear to have a higher risk of developing dementia, possibly underpinned by cerebrovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. h.brodaty@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brodaty
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hickie
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prenter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003071:Cognition; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009517:New South Wales; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016896:Treatment Outcome