title: Phase I study of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and increasing days of prolonged oral etoposide in ovarian, peritoneal, and tubal carcinoma: a gynecologic oncology group study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the activity of prolonged oral etoposide in platinum and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma, a phase I trial was conducted that combined increasing days of oral etoposide therapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin in chemotherapy-naive patients with ovarian peritoneal and tubal carcinoma to establish a maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of this combination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paclitaxel at 175 mg/m(2) given over 3 hours and carboplatin at an area under the curve of 5 were administered on day 1 followed by oral etoposide 50 mg/m(2)/d beginning on day 2. The number of days of etoposide therapy was escalated on the basis of toxicity. Toxicity end points included neutropenic sepsis, grade 4 thrombocytopenia, or grade 3 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia during etoposide administration. Cycles were repeated every 21 days for a maximum of six courses. Due to hematologic toxicity, the duration of the paclitaxel infusion was decreased to 1 hour for a second stage of accrual.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 52 patients studied, 29 were in the first stage of accrual. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred with 8 days of oral etoposide, making the MTD six days of therapy. Twenty-three patients were entered into the second stage of accrual. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred at 12 days of oral etoposide, making the MTD 10 days of therapy. Three patients developed acute myeloid leukemia 16, 27, and 35 months after receiving a cumulative dose of 200 mg/m(2), 1,200 mg/m(2), and 2,400 mg/m(2), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-hour paclitaxel, carboplatin, and oral etoposide at 50 mg/m(2)/d for 10 days is tolerable without supportive therapy. The leukemogenic potential is cause for concern and precludes its use in chemotherapy-naive ovarian carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, USA.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waggoner
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: McGuire
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000633:toxicity*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity*; D005185:Fallopian Tube Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000139:chemically induced; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel