title: Increase of serum beta2-microglobulin in patients affected by HCV correlated hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HLA antigens influence tumour growth and spreading, but the mechanism is still unclear. Increased serum levels of beta2-microglobulin (beta2MG) have been found in several chronic inflammatory and tumour diseases. The aim of the present study was to analyse the relationship between serum beta2MG levels and some markers of tumour progression, to verify the reliability of this parameter as a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 50 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) correlated HCC, 50 patients affected by chronic hepatitis C and 20 healthy controls. We performed a statistical analysis on the data obtained from haematological withdrawals in patients and healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum beta2MG levels were determined by an immunoturbidimetric method (normal values range from 0.8 to 27 microg/ml). Diagnosis of HCC was performed on the basis of haematochemical parameters (alpha-fetoprotein) and instrumental examinations (ultrasonography and computed tomography). In order to perform the statistical analysis we used the Wilcoxon non-parametric rank test and the Spearman log-rank correlation test
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with HCC showed higher serum beta2MG levels than did chronic hepatitis C patients (36+/-16.5 microg/ ml versus 2.3+/-0.8 microg/ml; P<0.0001) or healthy subjects (36+/-16.5 microg/ml versus 1.6+/-0.4 microg/ml; P<0.0001). We found a positive correlation between beta2MG and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (r = +0.3; P = 0.05), beta2MG and alpha-fetoprotein (r = +0.4; P = 0.005), beta2MG and tumour size (r = +0.3; P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increase in the beta2MG serum level reflects the tumour size and seems to be a consequence of the stimulation on hepatocytes by humoral components of immunological response, such as IL-6. Weakening of the immune system, due to IL-6, may be responsible for a more severe progression of HCC and the hyperexpression of beta2MG.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Catania, Italy. malaguar@mbox.unict.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Di Fazio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferlito
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pistone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laurino
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vinci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzoleni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin