title: Comparison of the pressure time product during synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation and continuous positive airway pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) during weaning, by measurement of the pressure time product (PTP). The PTP is an estimate of the metabolic work or oxygen consumption of the respiratory muscles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty children, median age 14 months (range 1 month to 17 years) were studied immediately prior to extubation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PTP, derived from airway pressure changes, was measured while the child received SIMV (with or without pressure support) and then CPAP. A pneumotachograph was placed between the endotracheal tube and ventilator circuit. Its flow signal was used to indicate the beginning and end of inspiration. Airway pressure was measured from the pneumotachograph and the area subtended by the pressure curve (PTP) calculated using a modified Labview programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median PTP was significantly lower on SIMV (17.1 cm H(2)O/sec/min, range 0.4 to 60. 5) compared to on CPAP (32.6 cm H(2)O/sec/min, range 0.1 to 116.7), p < 0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest SIMV, rather than CPAP, may be the more efficacious weaning mode in children, and that the time spent on CPAP during weaning should be minimised.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Child Health and Respiratory Medicine, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manczur
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenough
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rafferty
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007384:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing / Q000379:methods; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000379:methods*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D015300:Ventilator Weaning