title: Morbid hypocalcemia associated with phosphate enema in a six-week-old infant.
abstract: A 6-week-old premature infant who was born at 29 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency department with a several-hour history of stiffness and increased alarms on his apnea monitor at home. On arrival he was noted to have generalized seizures, apnea, and bradycardia. He was intubated and required cardiopulmonary resuscitation including chest compressions and medications. After stabilization he was transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit for further management. His initial laboratory tests revealed a serum calcium level of 2.4 mg/dL (normal range: 8.4-10.2 mg/dL) and a serum phosphorus level of 28.5 mg/dL (normal range: 2.4-4.5 mg/dL). During the first week of admission, the infant's mother reported that she had administered a full pediatric Fleets enema (CB Fleet Company Inc, Lynchburg, VA) to him. The infant was discharged after 12 days of hospitalization. Anticipatory guidance on the stool patterns and behavior of infants can prevent misconceptions about constipation that are especially prevalent in new parents. Proper management of constipation, should it arise, should be addressed with all parents at early well-child visits to avoid hazardous complications of treatments. hypocalcemia, seizures, premature infants, enema.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA. haly@cnmc.org
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: H Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Aly
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Short
mesh_terms: D001049:Apnea / Q000209:etiology; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000209:etiology; D002400:Cathartics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004733:Enema; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010710:Phosphates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012640:Seizures
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D010710:Phosphates; C018279:sodium phosphate