title: Effective treatment of experimental glioblastoma by HSV vector-mediated TNF alpha and HSV-tk gene transfer in combination with radiosurgery and ganciclovir administration.
abstract: Experiments were carried out in a nude mouse model of human glioblastoma to determine whether gamma-knife radiosurgery combined with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) suicide gene therapy and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) gene transfer provided an improved multimodality treatment of this disease. Animals were inoculated intracerebrally with 2 x 10(5) U-87MG human glioblastoma cells to establish brain tumors. At 3 days postinoculation, the tumor region was injected with 2 x 10(6) infectious particles of highly defective herpes simplex viral vectors expressing the viral tk gene with the kinetics of a viral immediate early gene either alone (T.1) or together with TNF alpha (TH:TNF). Subgroups of animals were given daily intraperitoneal injections of ganciclovir (GCV) for 10 days and/or subjected to gamma-knife radiosurgery on the fifth day post tumor-cell implantation. Comparisons of animal survival showed that the TH:TNF vector in combination with radiosurgery and GCV administration provided the most effective therapy; eight of nine animals survived for 75 days compared to four of eight using the next best protocol. These findings suggest that gene therapy in combination with more conventional therapeutic methods may provide an improved strategy for extending the life expectancy of patients afflicted with this ultimately fatal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niranjan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moriuchi
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lunsford
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondziolka
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fellows
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajendiran
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Glorioso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D016634:Radiosurgery; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D015774:Ganciclovir