title: Cyclical etidronate use is not associated with symptoms of peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the alkylbisphosphonate etidronate is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an observational follow-up study on a possible relationship between etidronate use and the risk of gastrointestinal symptoms in a cohort of 2754 women over 50 years of age. The study was performed with data on drug prescriptions obtained from the PHARMO database in the Netherlands. Women were included when they used either cyclical etidronate (n = 1050) or estrogen (n = 1704) for at least 14 days. They were followed-up for incident use of antiulcer drugs while on exposure medication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ages were 72 years and 59 years in the etidronate and estrogen groups, respectively. In total, there were 95 women with incident prescriptions for gastrointestinal events after a median duration of follow-up of 2.7 months (range 0.1-19.4 months). The crude relative risk of a gastrointestinal event for etidronate compared with estrogen use was 1.2 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.8-1.8]. Adjusted for baseline age, use of corticosteroids, salicylates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the relative risk reversed to 0.6 (95% CI 0.4-1.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of cyclical etidronate is not associated with an elevated risk of symptoms of peptic ulcer disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. H.Burger@jc.azu.nl
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Herings
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Egberts
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neef
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Leufkens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000517:prevention & control; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D017891:Pharmacoepidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D012968:Etidronic Acid