title: Anastomotic stenoses occurring after circular stapling in esophageal cancer surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Circular staplers have reduced the incidence of anastomotic leaks in esophagovisceral anastomosis. However, the prevalence of stenosis is greater with staplers than with manual suturing. The aim of this study was to analyze potential risk factors for the onset of anastomotic stenoses and to evaluate their treatment and final outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1990 and 1995, 187 patients underwent esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy with anastomosis performed inside the chest using a circular stapler.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three patients (12.3%) developed an anastomotic stenosis. The incidence of strictures was inversely related to the diameter of the stapler. Concomitant cardiovascular diseases; morphofunctional disorders of the tubulized stomach, such as those related to duodenogastric reflux; and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were also recognized as significant risk factors. Endoscopic dilatations proved safe and were effective in the treatment of most anastomotic stenoses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To reduce the risk of anastomotic stenosis after stapled intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy, adequate vascularization of the viscera being anastomized should be maintained, and it is mandatory to use the largest circular stapler suitable. Furthermore, it is essential to reduce the negative inflammation-inducing effects of duodenogastroesophageal reflux to a minimum. Endoscopic dilatations are safe and effective in curing the great majority of anastomotic stenoses.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Chirurgica Generale 4, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Padova School of Medicine & Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petrin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruol
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merigliano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Constantini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pavei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cagol
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scappin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ancona
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016629:Esophagectomy; D004946:Esophagostomy; D005260:Female; D005774:Gastrostomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D017792:Surgical Stapling / Q000009:adverse effects*