title: Evaluation of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage and risk factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A 13-year retrospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage, to evaluate potential risk factors, and to assess the efficacy and safety of ambulatory tonsillectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1985 to December 1997, 4662 patients underwent tonsillectomy at our institution. Ninety patients with posttonsillectomy bleeding were identified. For each patient with posttonsillectomy bleeding, 2 nonbleeding control subjects were selected and matched by age and sex to evaluate potential risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age was the only factor found to be statistically significant among the bleeding patients and the control group. The highest incidence (3.61%) of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage occurred in patients 21 to 30 years of age. In our experience, secondary hemorrhage was more common than primary hemorrhage, presenting most frequently on postoperative days 5 to 7.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of posttonsillectomy bleeding in this review was 1.93%, and about half (47%) of the patients with posttonsillectomy hemorrhage returned to the operating room for hemorrhage control. The highest incidence (3.61%) of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage occurred in patients 21 to 30 years of age. Patients with posttonsillectomy hemorrhage, regardless of management, had a 12% incidence of subsequent hemorrhage. We found no difference in the incidence of posttonsillectomy bleeding between outpatient and inpatient procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester 55905, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Gustafson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*