title: Recent advances in the use of DNA vaccines for the treatment of diseases of farmed animals.
abstract: DNA-based vaccination constitutes one of the most recent approaches to vaccine development. This technology is in principle one of the most simple and yet versatile methods of inducing both humoral and cellular immune responses, as well as protection against a variety of infectious agents. However, although immune responses have been induced in a number of larger species, most information on the efficacy of DNA immunization has been generated in mice. In this review the information available to date about the use of DNA vaccines in farmed animals, including cattle, pigs and poultry, is presented. The areas that need specific attention in the future to bring this technology to the market are discussed, including the issues concerning delivery, safety, compatibility of plasmids in multivalent vaccines and the potential of using immune stimulants as part of a DNA vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Infectious Disease Organization, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gerdts
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Loehr
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pontarollo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uwiera
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Babiuk
mesh_terms: D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000276:immunology*; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000639:trends; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
chemical_list: D019444:Vaccines, DNA