title: Dynamic helical CT of T1 and T2 glottic carcinomas: predictive value for local control with radiation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumor volume and cartilage invasion have been suggested as prognostic factors of glottic carcinomas following definitive radiation therapy. Radiologic examinations provide additional information regarding the deep extension of tumor. We determined whether dynamic helical CT can predict local control of early (T1 and T2 stage) glottic carcinomas treated with definitive radiation therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight patients with early glottic carcinoma evaluated on pretreatment dynamic helical CT were treated with definitive radiation therapy. Tumor detectability, maximum dimension, tumor volume, and involvement of anatomic subsites (anterior commissure, ventricle, subglottic region, and thyroid and arytenoid cartilages) were determined by consensus by three radiologists without previous knowledge of the clinical information. The CT findings were correlated with local control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two-year local control rate was 76%; 91% for T1 and 60% for T2 lesions. Univariate analysis revealed clinical T stage, tumor detectability, maximum dimension, tumor volume, anterior commissure involvement, ventricle involvement, and thyroid cartilage involvement as significant prognostic factors. Thyroid cartilage involvement was an independent predictor by multivariate analysis. The lesions separate from the thyroid cartilage had a 95% probability of local control, whereas the lesions adjacent to the cartilage had only a 42% control rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dynamic helical CT provides prognostic information for the results of definitive radiation therapy. Patients with a tumor adjacent to the thyroid cartilage had an increased risk of local failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furusawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Katsura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed