GAD levels and muscimol binding in rat inferior colliculus following acoustic trauma.
Pharmacological studies of the inferior colliculus (IC) suggest that the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in shaping responses to simple and complex acoustic stimuli. Several models of auditory dysfunction, including age-related hearing loss, tinnitus, and peripheral deafferentation, suggest an alteration of normal GABA neurotransmission in central auditory pathways. The present study attempts to further characterize noise-induced changes in GABA markers in the IC. Four groups (unexposed control, 0 h post-exposure, 42 h post-exposure, and 30 days post-exposure) of 3-month-old male Fischer 344 rats were exposed to a high intensity sound (12 kHz, 106 dB) for 10 h. Observed hair cell damage was primarily confined to the basal half of the cochlea. There was a significant decrease in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD(65)) immunoreactivity in the IC membrane fraction compared to controls (P<0.05) at 0 h (-41%) and 42 h (-28%) post-exposure, with complete recovery by 30 days post-exposure (P>0.98). Observed decreases in cytosolic levels of GAD(65) were not significant. Quantitative muscimol receptor binding revealed a significant increase (+20%) in IC 30 days after sound exposure (P<0.05). These data suggest that changes in GABA neurotransmission occur in the IC of animals exposed to intense sound. Additional studies are needed to determine whether these changes are a result of protective/compensatory mechanisms or merely peripheral differentiation, as well as whether these changes preserve or diminish central auditory system function.
Milbrandt
J C
JC
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, 801 N Rutledge St., P.O. Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA.
Holder
T M
TM
Wilson
M C
MC
Salvi
R J
RJ
Caspary
D M
DM
D000818:Animals; D003051:Cochlea / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000473:pathology; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007245:Inferior Colliculi / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology
D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D009118:Muscimol; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase