title: Serum immunosuppressive acidic protein and natural killer cell activity in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma before and after nephrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To our knowledge the impact of nephrectomy on stage M1 renal cell carcinoma remains to be determined. We previously reported that nephrectomy is beneficial in patients with elevated serum C-reactive protein before treatment, and those in whom nadir C-reactive protein decreases postoperatively to within the normal range may expect longer survival when surgery is combined with postoperative immunotherapy. In this study we determine the effect of nephrectomy on the immune response in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of 40 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma diagnosed at our institution between 1986 and 1999. These patients underwent nephrectomy before cytokine therapy with interferon. Before and after nephrectomy we measured serum C-reactive protein, serum immunosuppressive acidic protein and peripheral blood natural killer cell activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 15 patients with pretreatment serum C-reactive protein within the normal range (less than 1 ng./ml.) there was no significant difference before and after nephrectomy in the serum immunosuppressive acidic protein level or natural killer cell activity (p = 0.4587 and 0.3892, respectively). On the other hand, in 25 patients with serum C-reactive protein elevated before treatment to 1 ng./ml. or greater serum immunosuppressive acidic protein decreased significantly and natural killer cell activity increased significantly after cytoreductive surgery (p = 0.0002 and 0.0286, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study implies that nephrectomy may be beneficial in patients with elevated serum C-reactive protein before treatment. Further evaluation by a prospective study is needed to make a definitive conclusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kobe City General Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C030193:immunosuppressive acidic protein; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007372:Interferons