title: Phenolic acids inhibit chloroplast mutagenesis in Euglena gracilis.
abstract: The mutagenicity (bleaching activity) of ofloxacin (43 microM) and acridine orange (AO) (13.5 microM) in Euglena gracilis is inhibited by plant phenolics. Caffeic acid (CA), p-coumaric acid (PCA), ferulic acid (FA) and gentisic acid (GA) (25, 50, 100 and 250 microM) exhibited a significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effect against ofloxacin-induced mutagenicity, which was very effectively eliminated by the highest concentration of all four of those phenolic acids. The mutagenicity of AO was also significantly reduced in the presence of CA, PCA and FA (25, 50, 100 and 250 microM). However, GA exhibited no significant activity, even at the concentration of 250 microM. Based on the UV spectrophotometric measurements, we suggest that the antimutagenic effect of CA, PCA, FA and GA resulted from the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by ofloxacin. On the other hand, the reduction of AO-induced mutagenicity correlates with the binding capabilities of CA, PCA and FA, with the exception of GA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Comenius University, Odborárske nám. 5, 811 07, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. krizkova@m2.fedu.uniba.sk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krizková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polónyi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dobias
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belicová
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grancai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krajcovic
mesh_terms: D000165:Acridine Orange / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005056:Euglena gracilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005841:Gentisates; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D011422:Propionates
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005841:Gentisates; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D009153:Mutagens; D011422:Propionates; D015242:Ofloxacin; C004999:ferulic acid; D000165:Acridine Orange; C017616:phenolic acid; C495469:p-coumaric acid; C040048:caffeic acid; C010925:2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid