title: Glutamate-induced production of nitric oxide in guinea pig vestibular sensory cells.
abstract: Glutamate-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in the vestibular organ of the guinea pig was investigated using the new fluorescence indicator, DAF-2DA, for direct detection of NO. Utricular maculae and isolated vestibular sensory cells were examined to locate NO production sites. The fluorescence intensity of the sensory cells was augmented by stimulation with glutamate, NMDA and AMPA. This is the first direct evidence of NO production in the vestibular end organs. NO may play an important role in the glutamate-induced ototoxicity and also be involved in disease of the inner ear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takumida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anniko
mesh_terms: D008267:Acoustic Maculae / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D019793:Fluorescein; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D018069:Hair Cells, Vestibular / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C414689:4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019793:Fluorescein; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester