title: Effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation on oxidative damage and resistance to oxidative damage during prolonged exercise in sled dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation on plasma concentrations of antioxidants, exercise-induced oxidative damage, and resistance to oxidative damage during exercise in Alaskan sled dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  62 Alaskan sled dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were matched for age, sex, and ability and assigned to 1 of 3 groups: sedentary and nonsupplemented (control [C]; n = 21), exercised and supplemented (S; 22), and exercised and nonsupplemented (N; 19). Dogs in group S were given 400 units of alpha-tocopherol acetate, 3 mg of beta-carotene, and 20 mg of lutein orally per day for 1 month, then dogs in groups S and N completed 3 days of exercise. Blood samples were collected before and after 1 and 3 days of exercise and after 3 days of rest. Plasma antioxidant concentrations were determined, and oxidative damage to DNA (plasma 7,8 dihydro-8-oxo-2'deoxyguanosine [8-oxodG] concentration) and membrane lipids (plasma hydroperoxide concentration) and resistance of plasma lipoproteins to oxidation were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Supplementation increased plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and lutein. Plasma concentration of alpha-tocopherol increased and concentration of lutein decreased in group S with exercise. Concentration of 8-oxodG decreased in group S but increased in group N during and after exercise. Lag time of in vitro oxidation of lipoprotein particles increased with exercise in group S only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary supplementation with antioxidants resulted in increased plasma concentrations of antioxidants. Moreover, supplementation decreased DNA oxidation and increased resistance of lipoprotein particles to in vitro oxidation. Antioxidant supplementation of sled dogs may attenuate exercise-induced oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Baskin
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hinchcliff
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: DiSilvestro
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Reinhart
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hayek
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Burr
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Swenson
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D016014:Linear Models; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D014975:Lutein