title: Analysis of 12q13-15 genes in parosteal osteosarcoma.
abstract: The region q13-15 of chromosome 12 frequently is altered in human sarcomas, and several genes, such as SAS, CDK4, and MDM2, have been found to be amplified in bone and soft tissue sarcomas. These genes and their products were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis in 25 parosteal osteosarcoma samples (22 Grades I or II, three dedifferentiated) to evaluate if the possible alterations detected of the genes on chromosome 12 could have a role in the development of this rare bone tumor. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor sections to evaluate CDK4 and MDM2 protein expression. To measure the degree of SAS and CDK4 gene amplification, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was done on deoxyribonucleic acid derived from the same samples. The results showed that CDK4 protein was expressed in 92% of the cases. Strong and uniform CDK4 and MDM2 immunoreactivity was found respectively in three of three and two of three dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcomas. SAS and CDK4 genes were found to be amplified fourfold in two Grade II tumors and in one dedifferentiated tumor. These findings, which should be investigated further, might suggest a possible role of the chromosome 12 genes in the pathogenesis of parosteal osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Research, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gamberi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ragazzini
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Benassi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sollazzo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molendini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magagnoli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruggieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balladelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bacchini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pazzagli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Picci
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 / Q000235:genetics*; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018217:Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D059470:Tetraspanins
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C086385:TSPAN31 protein, human; D059470:Tetraspanins; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; C495900:CDK4 protein, human; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases