title: Neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis patients: the role of (juxta)cortical lesion on FLAIR.
abstract: In this study we evaluated the correlation between neuropsychological impairment (measured with the Brief Repeatable Battery Neuropsychological Tests) and (juxta)cortical lesions detected with FLAIR and the relative sensitivity of the FLAIR sequence compared to spin-echo MRI sequences in detecting (juxta)cortical MS lesions. A total of 39 patients with definite MS were evaluated by MRI with a conventional and fast spin echo sequence and fast FLAIR sequence, and neuropsychological tests of the Brief Repeatable Battery Neuropsychological tests were performed. The Z-score of all subtests were used to calculate a Cognitive Impairment Index. The results show that a high number of (juxta)cortical lesions is detected with thin slice FLAIR (30% of all lesions seen). This percentage was not superior to spin-echo, reflecting the thin slice thickness (3 mm) we used. The lesions detected with FLAIR were to a certain degree different ones than the lesions detected with the other techniques. While the number of non-cortical lesions correlated with the expanded disability status scale (r=0.32, P=0.045), the number of (juxta)cortical lesions detected with the FLAIR showed a correlation (r=0.34, P=0.035) with the Cognitive Impairment Index. Our study underlines the high number of (juxta)cortical lesions in MS and the value of thin slice FLAIR sequence to detect such lesions with MRI. It also stresses the importance of (juxta)cortical lesions on determining neuropsychological impairment. Multiple Sclerosis (2000) 6 280 - 285
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, MS-MRI centre of the Academic Hospital, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lazeron
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Langdon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippi
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van Waesberghe
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Boringa
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Origgi
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falautano
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Polman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests