title: Penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus: a long-term review of results and complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the long-term complications of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) to evaluate current recommendations to patients with keratoconus.
  
  
  METHODS
  John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of all PKP procedures for keratoconus performed by 4 surgeons during a 312 year period. Follow-up was 1 day and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-PKP. Data from 93 eyes were reviewed for allograft reaction, astigmatism, visual acuity, reasons for decreased visual acuity, and other complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allograft reaction was seen in 31% of cases but no graft failure due to allograft reaction. Mean astigmatism was 2.76 diopters (D) +/- 1.99 (SD) at 24 months, with only 15% > 5.00 D. Last best corrected visual acuity was 20/25 or better in 77% of cases (87% had 20/25 or better at some time during follow-up). Complications that did not cause decreased visual acuity were noted. Punctate keratitis was noted in 20% of patients 180 days or more after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penetrating keratoplasty is a good treatment option for patients with keratoconus but should be reserved for those who do not tolerate contact lenses or do not get needed visual acuity with contact lenses because of complications. This procedure has become a second-line treatment for keratoconus patients and has generally good results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pingree
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ridges
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lundergan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alldredge
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Clinch
mesh_terms: D001251:Astigmatism / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007634:Keratitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000601:surgery*; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000473:pathology; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000473:pathology; D014792:Visual Acuity