title: Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome in childhood: a report of ten cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is a rare chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal process observed in children and young adults. Recently, the acronym SAPHO syndrome (for synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) was coined to emphasise the association between osteo-articular inflammations and different skin abnormalities which are aseptic and filled with neutrophils. In adults, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is now a classical manifestation of SAPHO syndrome. Chronic skin disorders were seen in eight of ten children on follow-up at the University Children's Hospitals in Bern and Zurich and in 61 of 260 paediatric cases reported in the literature. The different skin lesions were palmoplantar pustulosis (n = 40), non-palmoplantar pustulosis (n = 6), psoriasis vulgaris (n = 16) or severe acne (n = 4). More rarely Sweet syndrome (n = 2) or pyoderma gangrenosum (n = 1) were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis syndrome is pertinent even in paediatrics since skin involvement is frequent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Beretta-Piccoli
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sauvain
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schibler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saurenmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kressebuch
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bianchetti
mesh_terms: D020083:Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D017678:Sex Distribution