title: Molecular and serologic characterization of novel serotype G8 human rotavirus strains detected in Blantyre, Malawi.
abstract: During a 2-year study of diarrhea among children in Blantyre, Malawi, greater than 50% of rotavirus strains genotyped by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction possessed previously unrecognized combinations of the neutralization proteins VP7 and VP4. Serotype G8 rotaviruses, which have been identified recently in several African countries, were found to possess P[4] or P[6] VP4 genotype specificity. Two of these short electropherotype rotaviruses were further investigated: these comprised a P[6], G8 representative strain (MW23) and a P[4], G8 representative strain (MW333). The VP7 gene sequences of both strains exhibited greatest homology to human and animal serotype G8 rotaviruses. Sequence analysis of the VP4 gene of MW23 indicated closest identity to the P2A[6], G9 strain US1205 from the United States. The VP4 gene of MW333 was most closely related to the P[4], G12 strain L26 isolated in the Philippines and the Australian P[4], G2 strain RV-5. The NSP4 gene sequences of both strains were classified in NSP4 genetic group I. RNA-RNA hybridization demonstrated that each of these two strains is related to the DS-1 genogroup of human rotaviruses. Subgroup analysis and virus neutralization confirmed complete antigenic characterization of MW23 as subgroup I, P2A[6], G8 and MW333 as subgroup I, P1B[4], G8. The similarity of the VP7 gene sequences of the prototype strains described in this report to bovine serotype G8 rotaviruses suggests that they may represent human/bovine reassortant viruses.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories, Blantyre, Malawi.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Cunliffe
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gentsch
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gondwe
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dove
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nakagomi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagomi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bresee
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Molyneux
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008295:Malawi / Q000453:epidemiology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D017385:Sequence Homology; D012703:Serotyping; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C081369:NS28 protein, rotavirus; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014118:Toxins, Biological; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins