title: Refinement of velopharyngoplasty in patients with cleft palate by covering the pharyngeal flap with nasal mucosa from the velum.
abstract: The velopharyngoplasty performed using the popular Sanvenero-Rosselli method improves the speech quality of patients with cleft palate suffering from persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency despite successful closure of the hard and soft palates. However, often a relatively narrow pharyngeal bridge results due to healing not only by granulation and scar contraction, but also due to the insertion of the inferior tip of the flap into a narrow bed. Elevation of two velar flaps with nasal mucosa to cover the exposed muscular undersurface of the pharyngeal flap produces a broader recipient bed into which the pharyngeal flap can be spread. The speech quality of 27 patients treated with this modified method (group B) was compared with that of 27 patients without this modification (group A). Eight weeks after velopharyngoplasty (followed by uneventful wound healing) the speech quality of group B was significantly better than that of group A (p<0.03 MannWhitney U-test). This difference was even more evident when comparing the preoperative with the postoperative speech quality (p<0.005). Thus, covering the exposed muscular layer of the pharyngeal flap with nasal mucosa of the velum is an important modification of velopharyngoplasty for the improvement of speech quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Germany. christian.stoll@charite.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stoll
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hochmuth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meister
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soost
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014833:Voice Quality