title: Evaluation of leukocyte dynamics in choroidal circulation with indocyanine green-stained leukocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a new method with which to visualize leukocytes moving through the choroidal vessels of pigmented animals and enable the evaluation of leukocyte dynamics in the choroidal microcirculation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pigmented rabbits and monkeys were used in this study. Leukocytes, collected by centrifugal separation of autologous blood, were stained with indocyanine green (ICG) dye. The ICG-stained leukocyte fluid was injected into the vein, and the fundus image was obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The image was recorded on videotapes and analyzed with a personal computer-based image analysis system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In pigmented rabbits, fluorescent leukocytes moving in the choroidal circulation were clearly visible for more than 1 hour. In monkeys, distinct fluorescent dots were seen moving approximately 50 to 200 microm in the foveal avascular zone for more than 30 minutes after the injection of the ICG-stained leukocyte fluid. Dim fluorescent dots were seen moving in the fundus. Although the movement of these dim dots was difficult to trace, they seemed to be moving in the choroidal vessels. In the rabbits, the mean flow velocity of leukocytes moving without plugging was 0.48 +/- 0.14 mm/sec in the peripheral choriocapillaris. In the monkeys, the mean flow velocity of distinct fluorescent leukocytes without plugging was 2.45 +/- 0. 48 mm/sec in the posterior choroid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In pigmented rabbits and monkeys, this method allows visualization of leukocytes passing through the choroidal vessels and provides a new way to investigate, noninvasively and in vivo, leukocyte dynamics in the choroidal microcirculation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shiraga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okanouchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002465:Cell Movement; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D015590:Fluorophotometry; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007834:Lasers; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green