title: The role of carcinoembryonic antigen for the detection of recurrent disease following curative resection of large-bowel cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During recent years, a discussion about cost-effectiveness and importance of follow-up evaluation after curative resection of large-bowel cancer has developed. It is not known whether the determination of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) plays a crucial role in the early detection of recurrent disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an analysis of the prospective follow-up database of 1321 patients after curative resection of colorectal cancer in our institution between 1990 and 1998 to evaluate the role of CEA in the early detection of recurrent disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1321 patients included in our study, 306 developed recurrent disease following curative resection (23.2%). These patients with recurrent disease were divided into: Group I. No pre-operative CEA determination/insufficient follow-up (n=47; 15.4%). Group II. No elevation of CEA with primary cancer (n=156; 51.0%): (IIa) elevation with recurrent disease (n=62); (IIb) no elevation at any time point (n=53); and (IIc) role of CEA not completely elucidated (n=41). Thirteen patients of group II underwent curative relapse surgery (8.3%). Group III. Elevated CEA with primary cancer (n=103; 33.7%): (IlIa) no increase with recurrent disease (n=21); (IIIb) increase with other symptoms of recurrent disease (n=45); and (IIIc) increased values as an early symptom of recurrent disease (n=37). Sixteen patients of group III underwent curative relapse surgery (15.5%). In patients after relapse surgery, recurrent disease developed again after a median time of 12 months (mean 17.9+/-3.8 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that 2.8% of all patients (12.1% of patients with recurrent disease) who underwent curative resection of colorectal cancer profit from follow-up CEA determinations. With careful observation of CEA kinetics, 6.2% (n=82) of all patients or 26.8% of patients with recurrent disease could profit from routine follow-up CEA determinations. In 9.5% of patients with recurrent disease, curative resection of relapse was achieved and these patients remained disease free for a median time of 12 months. Regular CEA measurements remain an important part of routine patient care after curative resection of colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lau-Werner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stieber
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Schildberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen