title: Change in cervical length after cerclage as a predictor of preterm delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the degree of cervical lengthening after cerclage and whether serial follow-up measurements of cervical length after cerclage are predictive of pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty women whose primary physician determined that a prophylactic (n = 50) or urgent cerclage (n = 30) was indicated had transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation before and after cerclage. Thereafter, most women had three additional transvaginal ultrasound examinations until 32 weeks' gestation. At each examination, the mean of three measurements was calculated. Statistical analyses were done by t test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression, with significance set at P <.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- standard deviation precerclage cervical length was 27.2 +/- 10.3 mm and after cerclage was 34.1 +/- 9.9 mm (n = 80, P <.001, paired t test). No significant association was found (r = -0.26) between the difference in cervical length (postcerclage - precerclage lengths) and pregnancy outcome. Patients with a prophylactic cerclage had a mean cervical length that was consistently longer in patients delivering at term compared with those who delivered preterm at 20 to 32 weeks' gestation. In the urgent cerclage group a significant difference in cervical length between those who delivered at term compared with preterm was evident only at 28 to 32 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in cervical length after cerclage is not predictive of term delivery. Serial cervical length measurements in the late second or early third trimester predict preterm birth but could provide earlier warning in patients with a prophylactic cerclage than in patients with urgent cerclage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. k.dijkstra@azu.nl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Funai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rebarber
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Paidas
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D002581:Uterine Cervical Incompetence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*