title: The prognostic value of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the predictive value of anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome in terms of physical disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire) and radiologic damage (modified Sharp method) over 3-year and 6-year periods was determined in an inception cohort of 273 RA patients who had had disease symptoms for <1 year at study entry. Anti-CCP titers were determined at baseline and considered positive as recently described. Their prognostic value was studied by means of multiple regression analysis, in which anti-CCP positivity, sex, age at study entry, IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) status, Disease Activity Score (DAS), HLA-DR4 status, and (in a separate group of patients) shared epitope status were used as independent variables, and radiologic damage and functional disability as dependent variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with anti-CCP had developed significantly more severe radiologic damage after 6 years of followup. In multiple regression analysis, radiologic damage after 6 years followup was significantly predicted by IgM-RF status, radiologic score at entry, and anti-CCP status. Functional disability was significantly predicted by sex, age at entry, IgM-RF status, and DAS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that in almost 70% of RA patients, anti-CCP antibody is present at the early stages of disease. Anti-CCP-positive patients developed significantly more severe radiologic damage than patients who were anti-CCP negative, although in multiple regression analysis the additional predictive value was rather moderate.
authors.affiliation: University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kroot
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Swinkels
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: van den Hoogen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van't Hof
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: van de Putte
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: van Rijswijk
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van Venrooij
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: van Riel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002956:Citrulline / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002956:Citrulline