title: Low dose amiodarone and sotalol in the treatment of recurrent, symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a comparative, placebo controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess and compare the safety and efficacy of amiodarone and sotalol in the treatment of patients with recurrent symptomatic atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomised, single blind, placebo controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary cardiac referral centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  186 consecutive patients (97 men, 89 women; mean (SD) age, 63 (10) years) with recurrent, symptomatic atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  65 patients were randomised to amiodarone, 61 to sotalol, and 60 to placebo. Patients receiving amiodarone were maintained at a dose of 200 mg/day after a 30 day loading phase. The sotalol dose was 160-480 mg daily, as tolerated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recurrence of atrial fibrillation or side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the amiodarone group, 31 of the 65 patients developed atrial fibrillation after an average of six months, while 15 (11 in sinus rhythm and four in atrial fibrillation) experienced significant side effects after an average of 16 months. In the sotalol group, relapse to atrial fibrillation occurred in 47 of the 61 patients after an average of eight months; three experienced side effects during the titration phase. In the placebo group, 53 of the 60 patients developed atrial fibrillation after an average of four months (p < 0.001 for amiodarone and sotalol v placebo; p < 0.001 for amiodarone v sotalol).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both amiodarone and sotalol can be used for the maintenance of normal sinus rhythm in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Amiodarone is more effective but causes more side effects.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, PO Box 1352, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Kochiadakis
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Igoumenidis
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Marketou
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kaleboubas
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Simantirakis
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Vardas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013015:Sotalol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D013015:Sotalol; D000638:Amiodarone