title: Different allele distribution of a regulatory MAOA gene promoter polymorphism in antisocial and anxious-depressive alcoholics.
abstract: Heritable factors account for approximately 40-60% of the total variance of liability to alcohol dependence. The present study tested whether a novel functional polymorphism in the promotor region of the X-chromosomal monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA) was related to antisocial and anxious-depressive traits in alcoholics. Due to the X-chromosomal localization of the MAOA gene, psychobiological traits were compared separately for both genders of 298 male and 66 female alcoholics. In males, 30 of 59 alcoholics with antisocial personality disorder carried the low-activity 3-repeat allele in contrast to only 7 of 31 anxious-depressive alcoholics (51% vs. 23%; p = 0.02). Likewise, female anxious-depressive alcoholics showed a trend towards a low frequency of genotypes with the 3 repeat allele compared to female alcoholics without these symptoms (29% vs. 53%; p = 0.09). Taken together, these findings suggest that the 3-repeat allele of the MAOA polymorphism contributes modestly to the dimension of overand underreactive behaviors as possible antecedents of alcoholism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Free University of Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany. Ischmidt@zedat.fu-berlin.de
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smolka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rommelspacher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samochowiec
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lesch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D000483:Alleles; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000235:genetics; D003863:Depression / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D008995:Monoamine Oxidase