title: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as a pseudotumor in a 2-month-old boy.
abstract: The authors report on a 2-month-old boy presenting with a right renal mass. Investigations including ultrasound scan and computed tomogram were suggestive of a renal tumor. A right nephrectomy was performed with great difficulty because of dense adhesions to the adjacent structures. Cut section of the specimen showed the entire kidney to be replaced by cheesy-yellow areas. Histological examination was suggestive of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Although rare at this age, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a renal mass in children. The lesion is unique among the inflammatory conditions in closely mimicking renal tumours clinically. A thorough histological examination also is suggested because the features can get confused easily with those of renal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Urology, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zia-ul-Miraj
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cheema
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D011705:Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery