title: [Do guidelines bring an improvement in the perioperative course? A study of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the effectiveness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is proven, it is not used adequately. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hospital-based guidelines are useful tools to improve the management of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study the actual quality of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis as given by the criteria choice of drugs, dosage, timing, continuation and 2nd dose after > 3 h was evaluated. After information and establishment of adequate guidelines we started a prospective analysis to test compliance and rate of adequate prophylaxis. Differences were calculated according to the chi 2-test with P < 0.05 significance niveau.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of cases in which antibiotics were indicated but not administered was reduced from 15.5% to 8.4%. Compared to the result of the retrospective analysis, the prospective study showed a significantly higher percentage of adequately administered antibiotics (35.7% vs. 63.5%). This was mainly due to the compliance with dosage recommendations and to the 2nd dose in longer surgical procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guidelines lead to a significant improvement in perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. To increase this effect, further approaches such as integration of guidelines into computer-based systems should be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Visceral- und Gefässchirurgie, Universität Köln. Ulrich.Wolters@Medizin.Uni-Koeln.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wolters
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schrappe
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Möhrs
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bollschweiler
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hölscher
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D019990:Perioperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents