title: Regulation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide release by protein in the rat.
abstract: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) release has been demonstrated predominantly after ingestion of carbohydrate and fat. These studies were conducted to determine the effects of protein on GIP expression in the rat. Whereas no significant changes in duodenal mucosal GIP mRNA levels were detected in response to peptone, the duodenal GIP concentration increased from 8.4+/-1.5 to 19.8+/-3.2 ng GIP/mg protein at 120 min (P<0.01). Plasma GIP levels also increased from 95+/-5.2 pg/ml to a peak of 289+/-56.1 pg/ml at 120 min (P<0.01). To determine whether the effects of protein on GIP were due to stimulation of acid secretion, rats were pretreated with 10 mg/kg omeprazole, after which mucosal and plasma GIP concentrations were partially attenuated. To further examine the effects of luminal acid, rats were administered intraduodenal 0.1 M HCl for 120 min, which significantly enhanced GIP expression. These studies indicate that nutrient protein provides a potent stimulus for GIP expression in the rat, an effect that occurs at the posttranslational level and may be mediated in part through the acid-stimulatory properties of protein. The effects of acid on GIP are consistent with a role for GIP as an enterogastrone in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA. michael.wolfe@bmc.org
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Glazier
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jarboe
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tseng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010461:Peptones / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D010455:Peptides; D010461:Peptones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; C073320:enterogastrone; D009853:Omeprazole; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid