title: The O139 serogroup of Vibrio cholerae comprises diverse clones of epidemic and nonepidemic strains derived from multiple V. cholerae O1 or non-O1 progenitors.
abstract: Sixty-four representative strains of Vibrio cholerae O139 were analyzed, to re-examine the origin of this serogroup. Ribotyping differentiated the strains into 3 HindIII and 7 BglI ribotypes. One HindIII and 5 BglI ribotypes were shared by all toxigenic O139 strains. Of 6 nontoxigenic O139 strains, 3 shared ribotypes with the toxigenic strains, carried genes encoding toxin coregulated pilus, and were susceptible to the cholera toxin-converting bacteriophage CTXPhi. The remaining 3 strains belonged to 2 different ribotypes distinct from toxigenic O139 strains and were resistant to CTXPhi and JA-1, an O139-specific lytic bacteriophage. Polymerase chain reaction amplicons corresponding to the gmhD gene carried by these 3 strains also differed from those of the toxigenic O139 strains but were identical to those of 15 environmental non-O1-non-O139 strains. Thus, the O139 antigen is present in different lineages, and this serogroup appears to comprise epidemic and nonepidemic strains derived separately from different progenitors.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Laboratory Sciences Division, ICDDRB, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. faruque@icddrb.org
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Faruque
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.lastname: Asadulghani
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D002771:Cholera / Q000382:microbiology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D021521:Ribotyping; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal