title: Association of vitamin A deficiency with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women.
abstract: To explore the relationship between vitamin A (retinol) deficiency and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women, we measured serum retinol concentrations in 1314 women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study and correlated the results with concurrent cervical cytology. At the baseline visit, 204 (15.5%) of the 1314 patients had retinol concentrations consistent with deficiency (<1.05 micromol/L). Analysis of Papanicolaou smears showed SILs in 216 (16.4%) of 1314 women. Cervical SILs were found to be associated with retinol concentrations <1.05 micromol/L (multivariate odds ratio [OR], 1.63; P=.04) in a multivariate model, which included human papillomavirus (HPV) status and markers of nutritional status and HIV disease stage. In the subset of women with genital HPV (n=774), a multivariate analysis again revealed a significant independent association between retinol <1.05 micromol/L and cervical SILs (multivariate OR, 1.75; P=.02). Our findings suggest that retinol deficiency may contribute to the development of cervical SILs in HIV-infected women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases/Durand 115, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. alfrench@ameritech.net
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kirstein
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Massad
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minkoff
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Landesman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palefsky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anastos
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D044469:Racial Groups; D014481:United States; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A