title: The effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment as complementary therapy following surgery: a prospective, match-controlled outcome study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteopathic manipulative treatment has been reported to relieve a variety of conditions, but no studies have examined the outcome effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment as a complementary modality for treating musculoskeletal problems during postoperative recovery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess osteopathic manipulative treatment as a complementary therapy for patients undergoing elective knee or hip arthroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, single-blinded, 2-group, match-controlled outcome study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteopathic teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 166 eligible patients, 38 were assigned to a treatment group and matched with 38 control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The treatment group received osteopathic manipulative treatment on postoperative days 2 through 5.
  
  
  METHODS
  Days to independent negotiation of stairs, distance ambulated, supplemental intramuscular analgesic use, length of hospital stay, and patients' perceptions of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to control subjects, the intervention group negotiated stairs 20% earlier (mean = 4.3 postoperative days, SD = 1.2; control subjects 5.4, SD = 1.6, P = .006) and ambulated 43% farther on the third postoperative day (mean = 24.3 m, SD = 18.3; controls = 13.9, SD = 14.4, P = .008). The intervention group also required less analgesia, had shorter hospital stays, and ambulated farther on postoperative days 1, 2, and 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients receiving osteopathic manipulative treatment in the early postoperative period negotiated stairs earlier and ambulated greater distances than did control group patients.
authors.affiliation: Complementary Medicine and Wellness Program, Oakland University, Rochester, Mich., USA. jarski@oakland.edu
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Jarski
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Loniewski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafinia
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome