title: Artifact removal procedure distorts multifocal electroretinogram.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study whether the Artifact Removal procedure available for eliminating artifacts in multifocal electroretinograms (mERG) works correctly or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  A test response was made using a photo-diode circuit. mERGs were recorded from 3 well-trained normal subjects using the Veris III system, and were then analyzed by the procedure that is included in the Veris Science (Artifact Removal) software program. The stimuli consisted of densely arranged arrays of 103 or 37 hexagonal elements. It took a total of 8 minutes to obtain one mERG record, and 16 sessions were required to complete this record. The first-order as well as the second-order kernel response components were extracted by Veris Science software, and the Artifact Removal procedure was used for both components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Artifact Removal procedure influenced both the test response on the center element as well as the neighboring traces just around the test response. After the repetitions of the Artifact Removal procedure, the shape of the test response changed considerably. Some of the traces of the second-order kernel response components elicited from a normal subject changed irregularly when the Artifact Removal procedure was repeatedly used. The noise increased at the first iteration of the Artifact Removal procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This procedure has been considered useful for eliminating artifact distortion in mERG, but should be carefully checked by well-established testing methods before clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa-shi, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanashima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okisaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted