title: Using radon risk to motivate smoking reduction: evaluation of written materials and brief telephone counselling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radon and cigarette smoking have synergistic effects on lung cancer, even when radon concentrations are relatively low. Working through an electric utility company, we sought to reach smoking households with low radon concentrations and motivate smoking cessation or prohibiting smoking in the home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible homes (n = 714) were randomised to receive: (1) the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) "A citizen's guide to radon"; (2) a specially developed pamphlet; or (3) that pamphlet plus brief telephone counselling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utility company "bill stuffers" offered free radon test kits to smoking households. All households received radon test results with an explanatory cover letter. Both the specially developed pamphlet and the telephone counselling emphasised that smoking cessation or prohibiting smoking in the home were the optimal risk reduction strategies. Households were followed up at 3 and 12 months after receiving materials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The specially developed pamphlet and the EPA guide yielded similar outcomes. There was a non-significant trend for telephone counselling to produce greater sustained quitting than the specially developed pamphlet, and phone counselling led to significantly more new household smoking bans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Working through a public utility company is an efficient way to reach smoking households, and brief telephone counselling is a promising method for promoting household smoking bans and cessation in homes alerted to the risk posed by the combination of radon and smoking.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Glasgow
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hampson
mesh_terms: D003376:Counseling; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011886:Radon / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013689:Telephone; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D011886:Radon