title: Oxidative stress in congestive heart failure.
abstract: Heart failure is considered to be a complex clinical syndrome, with alterations in the multiple neurohumoral systems and subcellular cardiac sites that correlate with abnormal cardiac function. Strong evidence for the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of heart failure has been provided by studies on experimental animals as well as humans. This concept is gaining more acceptance due to the fact that during heart failure, changes in different neurohormones, cytokines, nitric oxide, and activated inflammatory cells are closely linked to oxidative stress at the cellular and molecular levels. The present article provides a simple description of oxygen free radicals as well as the antioxidant defense system. Evidence for the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of heart failure is reviewed in a concise manner.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, R3022, Winnipeg MB R2H 2A6, Canada. psingal@sbrc.umanitoba.ca
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Singal
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khaper
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farahmand
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belló-Klein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D005609:Free Radicals; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D005609:Free Radicals