title: The arterivirus replicase is the only viral protein required for genome replication and subgenomic mRNA transcription.
abstract: Equine arteritis virus (EAV) (ARTERIVIRIDAE:) encodes several structural proteins. Whether any of these also function in viral RNA synthesis is unknown. For the related mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV), it has been suggested that the nucleocapsid protein (N) is involved in viral RNA synthesis. As described for MHV, we established that the EAV N protein colocalizes with the viral replication complex, suggesting a role in RNA synthesis. Using an infectious cDNA clone, point mutations and deletions were engineered in the EAV genome to disrupt the expression of each of the structural genes. All structural proteins, including N, were found to be dispensable for genome replication and subgenomic mRNA transcription. We also constructed a mutant in which translation of the intraleader ORF was disrupted. This mutant had a wild-type phenotype, indicating that, at least in cell culture, the product of this ORF does not play a role in the EAV replication cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molenkamp
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Tol
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Babette C D
authors.initials: BCD
authors.lastname: Rozier
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: van der Meer
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Willy J M
authors.initials: WJM
authors.lastname: Spaan
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC P4-26, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands1.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Snijder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018018:Arterivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D051379:Mice; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D017354:Point Mutation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase