title: Nutritional factors affecting serum phenylalanine concentration during pregnancy for identical twin mothers with phenylketonuria.
abstract: The effect of energy, protein, fat, and phenylalanine on serum phenylalanine concentrations during pregnancy for a set of identical twins with phenylketonuria (PKU) was examined. Blood samples were collected one to two times per week. The subjects completed a 3-d food record prior to each blood collection. The effect of the factors on serum phenylalanine levels was evaluated statistically using time-series analysis. Dietary intakes of the nutrients evaluated were similar for the subjects. For one subject, there were highly significant effects of energy, protein, and fat on serum phenylalanine levels. In contrast, these nutrients had no significant effect on serum phenylalanine for the other subject. Dietary phenylalanine had no significant effect on serum phenylalanine for either twin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no effect of phenylalanine intake and no consistent effect of energy, protein, or fat on serum phenylalanine. Other dietary or environmental factors or a combination of factors may impact serum phenylalanine levels of pregnant women with PKU.
authors.affiliation: Child Development Unit, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7340, USA. cfoxbaco@kumc.edu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marquis
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kipp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000097:blood*; D017042:Phenylketonuria, Maternal / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010649:Phenylalanine