title: Kinetics of serum cytokines after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: interleukin-5 as a potential marker of acute graft-versus-host disease.
abstract: Cytokine levels in sera from 14 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT) or donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) were sequentially measured to evaluate the roles of cytokines in clinical graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In clinical courses, interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the evaluable cases, 6 patients developed acute GVHD. Serum IL-5 levels increased to more than 100 pg/mL in 5 of the 6 patients before, or simultaneously with, the clinical manifestation of acute GVHD. Elevation of IL-5 was transient in 3 patients. In the other 2 patients who showed regimen-related toxicity and/or thrombotic microangiopathy as well as acute GVHD, remarkable and sustained elevation of the serum IL-5 level was observed. In 7 patients without acute GVHD, IL-5 levels remained below 100 pg/mL. An association of acute GVHD was less prominent with TNF-alpha than with IL-5 in our study. Elevation of IL-6 was associated with infections. In 2 patients with severe extensive chronic GVHD, serum IL-10 was elevated in parallel with exacerbation of clinical symptoms. Our findings suggest that an elevated serum IL-5 level may be a marker of acute GVHD.
authors.affiliation: Hematology/Oncology Division, Hyogo Medical Center for Adults, Akashi, Japan. simoto@ma2.justnet.ne.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oomoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gomyo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koizumi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D015848:Interleukin-5