title: Noninvasive cerebrovascular assessment of Takayasu arteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite prominent neurological symptoms reported in Takayasu arteritis (TA), a complete evaluation of the cerebral circulation has not been consistently performed. The purpose of this study is to describe MR angiography (MRA), color Doppler flow imaging, and transcranial Doppler (TCD) findings in the extracranial and intracranial cerebral arteries in TA.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRA, color Doppler flow imaging, and TCD were performed in 21 patients with TA. Intima-media thickness was measured in the common carotid artery. The correlation between noninvasive studies and panaorto-arteriography was examined for supraortic vessels. Cerebral angiography findings were compared with the noninvasive methods in 7 patients. Intracranial hemodynamic changes detected by TCD were compared with extracranial circulation lesions assessed by panaorto-arteriography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Noninvasive vascular techniques showed at least 1 abnormality in the extracranial and/or intracranial cerebral arteries in 20 of 21 patients (95%). Both MRA and color Doppler flow imaging showed a substantial correlation in the ability to detect obstructive lesions in supra-aortic vessels compared with panaorto-arteriography. High-resolution ultrasonography displayed common carotid artery wall thickening in 5 vessels that were considered normal by arteriography. In 24% of patients, MRA and TCD showed abnormalities consistent with stenosis of the basal cerebral arteries. In 10 patients with severe extracranial circulation involvement (detected by arteriography), TCD displayed intracranial hemodynamic changes consisting of dampened or blunted waveforms with low pulsatility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The comprehensive assessment of cerebral circulation in TA patients by noninvasive methods allowed the detection of a high rate of diverse vascular abnormalities in both extracranial and intracranial circulation.
authors.affiliation: Stroke Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cantú
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barinagarrementeria
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurza
authors.lastname: Paola de Pablo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Lavín
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000175:diagnosis*