title: Carriage of internationally spread clones of Streptococcus pneumoniae with unusual drug resistance patterns in children attending day care centers in Lisbon, Portugal.
abstract: Over half (259/503) of drug-resistant (DR) pneumococci colonizing healthy children attending day care centers in Lisbon were identified by molecular typing methods as representatives of several internationally spread clones. These included the 2 penicillin-resistant pandemic Spanish/USA and French/Spanish clones (21% of all DR pneumococci) and 5 new lineages with unusual antibiotypes (accounting for an additional 30% of all DR pneumococci). The most characteristic feature of the latter group was the high frequency of resistance to macrolides and tetracycline and very low or no resistance to penicillin. These observations provide support for the notion that the nasopharyngeal flora of children in day care centers may be a global reservoir of worldwide prevalent strains of DR pneumococci.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sá-Leão
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomasz
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brito-Avô
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Vilhelmsson
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Kristinsson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Lencastre
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D002656:Child Day Care Centers; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D018942:Macrolides; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010802:Phylogeny; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D011174:Portugal; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018942:Macrolides