title: Anticardiolipin antibodies and recurrent coronary events: a prospective study of 1150 patients. Thrombogenic Factors, and Recurrent Coronary Events Investigators.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association of anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies with coronary artery disease has been shown in several studies but remains controversial. We evaluated the association of aCL and anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I (abeta(2)GPI) antibodies with the risk of recurrent cardiac events in postinfarction patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 1150 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Levels of IgG and IgM aCL and abeta(2)GPI antibodies were determined on sera collected before hospital discharge. There were 131 recurrent cardiac events (nonfatal myocardial infarctions or cardiac deaths) over a mean follow-up period of 24.6 months. Patients with elevated IgG aCL antibodies had a higher event rate than patients with low levels (P:=0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis after adjustment for relevant clinical covariates showed that elevated levels of IgG aCL (hazard ratio=1. 63; P:=0.01) and low levels of IgM aCL (hazard ratio of 1.76; P:=0. 02) antibodies contribute independent risks for recurrent cardiac events. Patients with elevated IgG aCL and low IgM aCL antibody levels had a 3-fold higher risk of recurrent cardiac events than patients with low IgG aCL and elevated IgM aCL antibody levels (P:<0. 001). There was no significant association of the abeta(2)GPI antibodies with recurrent cardiac events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In postinfarction patients, elevated IgG aCL and low IgM aCL antibodies are independent risk factors for recurrent cardiac events. Patients with both elevated IgG aCL and low IgM aCL antibodies have the highest risk. These findings shed additional light on the mechanistic role of aCL antibodies in coronary artery disease in patients without autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bili
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zareba
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Watelet
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D002308:Cardiolipins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I