title: Enhanced albuminuric response to atrial natriuretic peptide in normoalbuminuric patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus--a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain whether intravenous infusion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) can induce microalbuminuria in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), as already demonstrated in patients with microalbuminuria, and to compare the albuminuric response to ANP infusion in Type 1 DM and a matched group of healthy non-diabetic controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight normoalbuminuric DM patients participated in a three limb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects were kept euglycaemic by insulin infusion, and subsequently water-loaded (20 ml/kg orally plus urinary losses). When in steady state, a 30-min infusion of either placebo, ANP 0.025 mg x kg(-1).min(-1) or ANP 0.05 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1) was administered intravenously. Urine was collected every 15 min for 90 min for the estimation of albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR). In addition, eight nondiabetic volunteers received a single infusion of ANP 0.025 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ACR was unaltered by placebo in DM subjects (1.4 +/- 0.7-1.7 +/- 1.1 mg/mmol, mean +/- SD, ANOVA, P > 0.9), and by low dose ANP in controls (1.4 +/- 0.9-2.6 +/- 1.9 mg/mmol, P = 0.4). ACR increased with low dose ANP (1.3 +/- 0.5-14.6 +/- 13.6 mg/mmol, P = 0.02), and high dose ANP (1.3 +/- 0.7-26.4 +/- 31 mg/mmol, P = 0.01) in DM subjects. The ACR response to low dose ANP was greater in the DM than control subjects (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ANP increases urine albumin excretion rate in normoalbuminuric Type 1 DM patients, and this effect is more pronounced than in healthy volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Glen
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kesson
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D012016:Reference Values; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D010919:Placebos; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D003404:Creatinine