title: Perineural spread leading to orbital invasion from skin cancer.
abstract: Orbital and intracranial invasion from skin cancer is an uncommon but serious consequence of skin cancer located around the orbit, particularly the forehead. Perineural spread is an aggressive manifestation of skin cancer similar to lymph node metastases. Such spread can provide access to the orbit and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histology reported. Treatment should be directed at preventing such orbital spread. Adjuvant radiotherapy is strongly recommended. Disease may present in an advanced state within the orbit or beyond the orbital apex and involve the cavernous sinus. Palliative radiotherapy should be considered in such advanced cases. Presented are the cases of four patients treated for advanced orbital and intracranial spread from periorbital skin cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia. michael@radonc.wsahs.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Veness
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biankin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000294:innervation*; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed