title: Efficacy of pantoprazole in the prevention of peptic ulcers, induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of pantoprazole in preventing gastrointestinal lesions in patients with rheumatic diseases receiving continuous, long-term treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, randomised, double-blind, unbalanced, placebo-controlled, parallel group study. Outpatients (n= 104, age range 22-80 years, mean age 59.5) with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, requiring chronic intake of NSAIDs (at least 8 weeks prior to the start of the study), were randomised and enrolled to receive either 40 mg pantoprazole (n=70) or placebo (n=34) once daily, for 12 weeks. Patients had endoscopically confirmed gastric and duodenal lesions grade 0, 1 or 2 (Lanza classification grade 0: normal to hyperaemic mucosa; grade 1: 1 to 3 erosions, submucosal haemorrhage or petechiae, grade 2: 4 to 10 erosions, submucosal haemorrhages or petechiae). Clinical and endoscopic evaluations were performed at baseline, after 4, and 12 weeks. The primary end-point of the study was the incidence of gastric or duodenal ulcers after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients (n=95) were evaluated: 65 in the pantoprazole group and 30 in the placebo group. When considering all patients (those with Lanza score grade 0, 1, 2 at baseline), the overall proportion of patients in remission was 82% and 77% after 4 weeks, and 72% and 59% after 12 weeks in pantoprazole and placebo groups, respectively (cumulative survival analysis according to Kaplan-Meier). The difference between the treatment groups was even more marked when only those patients with normal mucosa at baseline (grade 0) were considered. After 12 weeks, the proportion of patients in remission was 82% (95% confidence limits 70% - 94% in the pantoprazole and 55% (95% confidence limits 33% - 77%) in the placebo treatment group, p=O.036. Adverse events were reported in 4% and 6% of patients in pantoprazole and placebo treatment groups, respectively
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pantoprazole 40 mg once daily was well tolerated and is more effective than placebo in the prevention of peptic ulcers in patients with rheumatic diseases who require continuous, long-term, treatment with NSAIDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy. gabriele.bianchiporro@unimi.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi Porro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazzaroni
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Imbesi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montrone
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Santagada
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012449:Safety; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D013454:Sulfoxides; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole