title: Association of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the frequency of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its association with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included consecutive cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi in the period of two years (1996-97).
  
  
  METHODS
  These tumors were initially evaluated on H&E stained sections. The tumors showing evidence of keratinization were excluded from the study. The Epstein Barr Virus was detected with the help of Polymerase chain reaction in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, seventeen cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were diagnosed which comprised 0.3% of all malignant tumors. The age ranged from 5 years to 70 years with male to female ratio of 2.4:1. The NPC was more prevalent in adults (71%) as compared to children (29%) under 15 years. Six cases (35%) exhibited positive signal for Epstein Barr Virus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an infrequent tumor. The prevalence of Epstein Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is quite low as compared to other regions of the world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Soomro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haroon
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moatter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence