title: The poison center role in biological and chemical terrorism.
abstract: Nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) terrorism countermeasures are a major priority with municipalities, healthcare providers, and the federal government. Significant resources are being invested to enhance civilian domestic preparedness by conducting education at every response level in anticipation of a NBC terroristic incident. The key to a successful response, in addition to education, is integration of efforts as well as thorough communication and understanding the role that each agency would play in an actual or impending NBC incident. In anticipation of a NBC event, a regional counter-terrorism task force was established to identify resources, establish responsibilities and coordinate the response to NBC terrorism. Members of the task force included first responders, hazmat, law enforcement (local, regional, national), government officials, the health department, and the regional poison information center. Response protocols were developed and education was conducted, culminating in all members of the response task force becoming certified NBC instructors. The poison center participated actively in 3 incidents of suspected biologic and chemical terrorism: an alleged anthrax-contaminated letter sent to a women's health clinic; a possible sarin gas release in a high school: and a potential anthrax/ebola contamination incident at an international airport. All incidents were determined hoaxes. The regional response plan establishes the poison information center as a common repository for all cases in a biological or chemical incident. The poison center is one of several critical components of a regional counterterrorism response force. It can conduct active and passive toxicosurveillance and identify sentinel events. To be responsive, the poison center staff must be knowledgeable about biological and chemical agents. The development of basic protocols and a standardized staff education program is essential. The use of the RaPiD-T (R-recognition, P-protection, D-detection, T-triage/treatment) course can provide basic staff education for responding to this important but rare consultation to the poison center.
authors.affiliation: Pittsburgh Poison Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and School of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Krenzelok
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Allswede
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mrvos
mesh_terms: D001694:Biological Warfare; D002618:Chemical Warfare; D004189:Disaster Planning; D006801:Humans; D009689:Nuclear Warfare; D011039:Poison Control Centers / Q000458:organization & administration*; D023481:Terrorism; D014218:Triage; D014481:United States