title: Inertial effects on mechanically braked Wingate power calculations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The standard procedure for determining subject power output from a 30-s Wingate test on a mechanically braked (friction-loaded) ergometer includes only the braking resistance and flywheel velocity in the computations. However, the inertial effects associated with accelerating and decelerating the crank and flywheel also require energy and, therefore, represent a component of the subject's power output. The present study was designed to determine the effects of drive-system inertia on power output calculations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight male recreational cyclists completed Wingate tests on a Monark 324E mechanically braked ergometer (resistance: 8.5% body mass (BM), starting cadence: 60 rpm). Power outputs were then compared using both standard (without inertial contribution) and corrected methods (with inertial contribution) of calculating power output.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative 5-s peak power and 30-s average power for the corrected method (14.8 +/- 1.2 W x kg(-1) BM; 9.9 +/- 0.7 W x kg(-1) BM) were 20.3% and 3.1% greater than that of the standard method (12.3 +/- 0.7 W x kg(-1) BM; 9.6 +/- 0.7 W x kg(-1) BM), respectively. Relative 5-s minimum power for the corrected method (6.8 +/- 0.7 W x kg(-1) BM) was 6.8% less than that of the standard method (7.3 +/- 0.8 W x kg(-1) BM). The combined differences in the peak power and minimum power produced a fatigue index for the corrected method (54 +/- 5%) that was 31.7% greater than that of the standard method (41 +/- 6%). All parameter differences were significant (P < 0.01). The inertial contribution to power output was dominated by the flywheel; however, the contribution from the crank was evident.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the inertial components of the ergometer drive system influence the power output characteristics, requiring care when computing, interpreting, and comparing Wingate results, particularly among different ergometer designs and test protocols.
authors.affiliation: Division of Kinesiology & Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071, USA. Reiser@UWyo.edu
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Broker
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002138:Calibration; D006804:Ergonomics; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010809:Physical Fitness; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics