title: Ripening of cheddar cheese with added attenuated adjunct cultures of lactobacilli.
abstract: We made Milled curd Cheddar cheese with Lactococcus starter and an adjunct culture of Lactobacillus helveticus I or Lactobacillus casei T subjected to different attenuation treatments: freeze shocking (FS), heat shocking (HS), or spray drying (SD). Proteolysis during cheese ripening (0 to 6 mo), measured by urea-PAGE and water-soluble nitrogen, indicated only minor differences between control and most adjunct-treated cheeses. However, there were significant differences in the effect of Lactobacillus adjuncts on the level of free amino nitrogen in cheese. Cheeses made with FS or HS Lb. helveticus adjunct exhibited significantly greatest rates of free amino group formation. Lipolysis as measured by total free fatty acids was consistently highest in adjunct-treated cheeses, and FS Lb. casei-treated cheeses showed the highest rate of free fatty acid formation followed by FS Lb. helveticus treated cheeses. Mean flavor and aroma scores were significantly higher for cheeses made with Lb. helveticus strain. Freeze-shocked Lb. helveticus-treated cheeses obtained the highest flavor and aroma scores. Sensory evaluation indicated that most of the adjunct-treated cheeses promoted better texture and body quality.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Product Technology Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Madkor
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Soda
mesh_terms: D002611:Cheese / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004586:Electrophoresis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013649:Taste; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins