title: Activation of the Ikappa B kinases by RIP via IKKgamma /NEMO-mediated oligomerization.
abstract: To understand the mechanism of activation of the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 pathway, we examined the possibility that oligomerization of the IKK complex triggered by ligand-induced trimerization of the TNF receptor 1 complex is responsible for activation of the IKKs. Gel filtration analysis of the IKK complex revealed that TNFalpha stimulation induces a large increase in the size of this complex, suggesting oligomerization. Substitution of the C-terminal region of IKKgamma, which interacts with RIP, with a truncated DR4 lacking its cytoplasmic death domain, produced a molecule that could induce IKK and NF-kappaB activation in cells in response to TRAIL. Enforced oligomerization of the N terminus of IKKgamma or truncated IKKalpha or IKKbeta lacking their serine-cluster domains can also induce IKK and NF-kappaB activation. These data suggest that IKKgamma functions as a signaling adaptor between the upstream regulators such as RIP and the IKKs and that oligomerization of the IKK complex by upstream regulators is a critical step in activation of this complex.
authors.affiliation: Center for Apoptosis Research and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Poyet
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Srinivasula
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernandes-Alnemri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Tsichlis
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Alnemri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001704:Biopolymers; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D011506:Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C506249:RIPK1 protein, human; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496559:CHUK protein, human; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human