title: Development of a virtual reality arthroscopic knee simulator.
abstract: The virtual reality arthroscopic knee simulator (VR-AKS) consists of a computer platform, a video display, and two force-feedback (haptic) interfaces which also monitor the position of the instruments in the user's hands. The forces that the user would normally apply to the lower limb during arthroscopy are directed through an instrumented surrogate leg. Proprietary software furnishes the mathematical representation of the physical world and replicates the visual, mechanical, and behavioral aspects of the knee while task-oriented programs monitor and record specific areas of user performance. A prototype has demonstrated the feasibility of the system and work on the first, fully functional simulator will begin soon.
authors.affiliation: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Task Force on Virtual Reality, Rosemont, IL 60018-4262, USA. mabrey@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mabrey
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gillogly
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kasser
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zarins
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mevis
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poss
mesh_terms: D001182:Arthroscopy; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003199:Computer Systems; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000193:education; D012984:Software; D014584:User-Computer Interface