title: A comparative study between a calcium channel blocker (Nicardipine) and a combined alpha-beta-blocker (Labetalol) for the control of emergence hypertension during craniotomy for tumor surgery.
abstract: We compared the efficacy of the combination of enalaprilat/labetalol with that of enalaprilat/nicardipine to prevent emergence postcraniotomy hypertension. A prospective, randomized open labeled clinical trial was designed to compare the incidence of breakthrough hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] > 140 mm Hg) and adverse effects (hypotension, tachycardia, and bradycardia) between the two drug combinations. Secondarily, the effects of the drugs on SBP, mean blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were evaluated over the course of the study. Forty-two patients received enalaprilat 1.25 mg IV at dural closure followed by either multidose nicardipine 2 mg IV or labetalol 5 mg IV to maintain the SBP below 140 mm Hg. SBP was similarly controlled in both groups. There was a marginally smaller incidence of failures and adverse effects with labetalol. Blood pressure profiles were similar for both groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weil Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kross
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pratila
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Broad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veronesi
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Melendez
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003399:Craniotomy; D015773:Enalaprilat / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced; D015994:Incidence; D007741:Labetalol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009529:Nicardipine; D015773:Enalaprilat; D007741:Labetalol