title: Studies directed at the use of a parallel synthesis matrix to increase throughput in an in vivo assay.
abstract: Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice for hospitalized patients, but it is dosed only by injection because it is not absorbed following oral administration. We have discovered and prepared compounds (delivery agents) that facilitate the gastrointestinal absorption of heparin in rats, monkeys, and humans when given orally. We are currently developing a parallel synthesis approach to increase our delivery agent screening throughput in vivo. This approach has been used to produce micromolar quantities of compounds for testing in rats in a 5 x 5 parallel synthesis array. Using an amine benzoylation reaction sequence, 10 mixtures were prepared. These mixtures contained equal weight quantities of five N-substituted, non-alpha, amino acid delivery agents. Each of these mixtures was orally administered to rats in combination with heparin, and plasma clotting times (APTT) were measured to determine activity. Deconvolution of the data accurately identified the most active individual components. Independent synthesis of these compounds verified their activity. This parallel synthesis approach is an effective tool for the screening of oral heparin delivery agents and has increased screening throughput significantly.
authors.affiliation: Emisphere Technologies, Inc., 765 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA. ALeone-Bay@Emisphere.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leone-Bay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosado-Gray
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salo-Kostmayer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mercogliano
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Baughman
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003106:Colon; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000925:Anticoagulants; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006493:Heparin