The impact of an inpatient physician program on quality, utilization, and satisfaction.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate an inpatient physician system initiated in June 1996 for all patients of a health maintenance organization admitted to the general medicine service of an urban teaching hospital. In the new program, attending physician duties were transferred from the patient's own general internist to another internist serving on a hospital-based rotation.


METHODS
Cohort with historical controls.


METHODS
We compared the following measures before and after the new inpatient physician program began: (1) hospital length of stay and total charges, (2) outcomes related to quality of care, (3) primary care physician satisfaction, and (4) housestaff satisfaction. Differences before and after initiation of the inpatient physician program were evaluated using multivariate analyses to adjust for patient differences and secular trends.


RESULTS
There were 2265 patients discharged from the general medical service in the year following implementation of the inpatient physician program. Postintervention average length of stay decreased from 3.5 to 3.0 days (P < .001). In multivariate analyses, average length of stay was reduced by 0.3 days (P = .008), and total hospital charges were reduced an average of $426 per admission (P = .001). In-hospital mortality rates, percentage of patients discharged home directly, and 30-day readmission rates did not change significantly in the postintervention period. Satisfaction among primary care physicians was high, with 90% of those answering a survey responding that they would recommend a similar program to other primary care groups. Medical housestaff satisfaction with their educational experience also increased.


CONCLUSIONS
Implementation of an inpatient physician program at this institution significantly decreased resource utilization while maintaining or improving quality of care. Satisfaction with the program was high among primary care internists and housestaff.
Halpert
A P
AP
Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates Division of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. aphalpert@bics.bwh.harvard.edu
Pearson
S D
SD
LeWine
H E
HE
Mckean
S C
SC
D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006302:Health Services Research; D017722:Hospital Charges; D020445:Hospitalists; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D006786:Hospitals, Urban / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D007902:Length of Stay; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011787:Quality of Health Care