title: Paclitaxel causes mouse splenic lymphocytes to a state hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide stimulation.
abstract: Multiple immune system actions have been ascribed to paclitaxel (taxol), a novel anticancer drug, including the capacity to induce macrophage antitumor cytotoxic molecule production. In the present studies, we demonstrated that paclitaxel produced a selective inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced B cell proliferation. Similarly, in vitro polyclonal antibody-forming cell responses also were found to be inhibited by paclitaxel. Conversely, paclitaxel exhibited no inhibitory effects on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T cell proliferation. To study the pathway leading to paclitaxel-induced immunosuppression, we analyzed Raf-1/ERK and JNK/p38 MAPK pathways, both of which have been reported to be involved in LPS signaling. Our results indicate that taxol treatment inhibits Raf-1 kinase activation while having no effect on ERK activation suggesting that ERK activation is distinct from upstream Raf-1 kinase in taxol-induced immunomodulation. Furthermore, paclitaxel pretreatment caused down-regulation of stress-activated MAPKs, JNK and p38 MAPK in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse splenic lymphocytes, demonstrating that spleen cells are induced to a state hyporesponsive to LPS stimulation by pre-exposing them to paclitaxel. Taken together, these results suggest that down-regulation of JNK/p38 MAP kinase may contribute to paclitaxel-induced immunosuppression in mouse splenic lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Cell Cycle and Signal Transduction Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusong, Taejon, South Korea. mikelee@kribb4680.kribb.re.kr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yea
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D017239:Paclitaxel