title: Prospective study correlating fibrinopeptide A, troponin I, myoglobin, and myosin light chain levels with early and late ischemic events in consecutive patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although thrombus formation plays a major role in acute coronary syndromes, few studies have evaluated a thrombus marker in risk stratification of patients with chest pain. Furthermore, the relation between markers that reflect myocardial injury and thrombus formation that may predict events in a heterogeneous patient population is unknown. This study correlated markers of thrombus and myocardial injury with early and late ischemic events in consecutive patients with chest pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum troponin I (TnI), myoglobin, and myosin light chain levels were obtained from 247 patients and urinary fibrinopeptide A (FPA) from 178 of the 247. By multivariate analysis, patients with an elevated FPA level were 4.82 times more likely to die or have myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and coronary revascularization at 1 week (P=0.002, 95% CI 1.78, 13.03), whereas those with an elevated TnI (>0.2 ng/mL) were 9.41 times more likely (P<0.001, 95% CI 2.84, 31.17). At 6 months (excluding the index event), an elevated FPA level was an independent predictor of events, with an odds ratio of 9.57 (P<0.001, C1 3.29, 27.8), and was the only marker to predict a shorter event-free survival (P<0.001). The other markers did not independently correlate with cardiac events, although MLC incrementally increased early predictive accuracy in combination with the FPA and TnI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated FPA and TnI correlated with cardiac events during the initial week in patients presenting to the Emergency Department with chest pain. FPA predicted adverse events and a shorter event-free survival at 6 months.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, University of Pittsburgh, and the Pittsburgh VA Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonel
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Sasseen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fineberg
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wilensky
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood*; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009211:Myoglobin; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D019210:Troponin I; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A