title: Pathways from emotional adjustment to glycemic control in youths with diabetes in Hong Kong.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine factors that influence emotional adjustment, adherence to diabetic care, and glycemic control in Hong Kong youths with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy youths, their mothers, and matched controls provided information on health beliefs, authoritarian parenting style, parent-child conflict, emotional adjustment, and adherence to medical regimen. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels were obtained to measure glycemic control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Predictors explained 34% of the variance in emotional adjustment and 39% of the variance in glycemic control. The data supported a pathway from emotional adjustment to self-efficacy to adherence behaviors to glycemic control. In contrast to Western culture and consistent with prediction, parenting style did not associate with negative outcomes, and even relatively low levels of parent-child conflict correlated negatively with emotional adjustment in this culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Management of conflict and self-efficacy enhancing interactions are suggested interventions to enhance adherence to diabetic care in Hong Kong youths with IDDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. commed@hku.hk
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Huen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012803:Sick Role
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin