title: The epidural and intrathecal administration of somatotrophin-release inhibiting factor: native and synthetic analogues.
abstract: It is well-known that morphine is the king of analgesics. It is widely used, and administered in various ways for the control of acute and chronic pain states. There are, however, certain types of pain and certain clinical conditions in which morphine cannot be used due to the risk of possible complications. These are usually pain states associated with intracranial hypertension, the presence of serious respiratory problems, the onset of major opioid tolerance, persistent vomiting, and so on. The search for "alternative analgesics" has been in progress for a decade, alternatives that could be used alone or in combination for spinal administration in the treatment of complex chronic pain states and with a low incidence of secondary effects. Today, research is carefully assessing the clinical effectiveness and the side effects of a series of drugs for spinal administration, that is, epidural or intrathecal, such as the new narcotics, alpha-2 agonists, central muscle relaxants, calcitonin, and local anesthetics. In this alternative analgesic category we have to mention the somatotrophin-release inhibiting factor (SRIF), which is an ubiquitous native hormone with widespread, predominantly inhibitory actions, and octreotide, its synthetic analogue. In this article we review the literature on the natural drug and its synthetic analogue, paying particular attention to the problems connected with intraspinal administration and analgesic properties.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Centro del Dolore, Ospedale S. Spirito, Via Vittorio Emanuele, 3, 12042 Bra, Italy. beltrutti@gem.it
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Beltrutti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moessinger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varrassi
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013004:Somatostatin