title: In vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine among schoolchildren in rural Uganda: a comparison between 1995 and 1998.
abstract: Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was tested among asymptomatic school children in 1995 and 1998 using a modified in vivo test with examination for parasitaemia on day 0, 2 and 7. Sensitivity (S/RI) to chloroquine in 'urban' areas was found in 42% in 1995 and 62% in 1998 with resistance at the RII/RIII level observed in 58 and 38%, respectively (P<0.01). In 'rural' areas, sensitivity to chloroquine was 76% in 1995 and 72% in 1998 (P=0.6) with resistance at the RII/RIII level observed in 24 and 18%, respectively (P=0.4). Sensitivity to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was found in 98 and 99% in 1995 and 1998, respectively. The apparent improvement in sensitivity to chloroquine in 'urban' areas might be due to a different school being included in the two studies. It is concluded that the pattern of sensitivity of P. falciparum to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has not changed over a period of 2.5 year.
authors.affiliation: Vector Control Division, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ndyomugyenyi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magnussen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D018512:Parasitemia; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012424:Rural Population; D013334:Students; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D004338:Drug Combinations; C001205:fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D002738:Chloroquine; D011739:Pyrimethamine