title: Electrophysiology of atrial fibrillation: evolving insights.
abstract: In the last few years many studies have been performed to better understand the pathophysiological nature of atrial fibrillation (AF). These recent observations provide new insights into the initiation and perpetuation of AF, underlying the importance of the pulmonary veins as major sources of atrial triggers and introducing new concepts such as atrial electrical remodeling and spatial heterogeneity of the electrophysiologic characteristics of this arrhythmia. The purpose of this review was to provide current knowledge about AF electrophysiology in an effort to unite old models and new concepts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Diseases, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy. leonardo.calo@tin.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calò
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pandozi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lamberti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Loricchio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans