title: New standards for birth weight by gestational age using family data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to provide new standards for birth weight according to gestational age through the addition of family data on maternal birth weight and birth weights of previous siblings.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analyses were based on 1.7 million births in Norway from 1967 through 1998. These population data were arranged into sibships and mother-offspring units through unique personal numbers. We categorized first births by sex and maternal birth weight and second births by sex and birth weight of the older sibling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Standards for birth weight per gestational age percentiles differed by >1100 g when the birth weight of an older sibling was considered and by almost 700 g when maternal birth weight was considered. The value of these new standards for birth weight according to gestational age was demonstrated through variation in perinatal mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal birth weight and birth weights of previous siblings allow improved predictions of birth weight according to gestational age and should be used for classification of small-for-gestational-age births.
authors.affiliation: Section for Medical Statistics and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skjaerven
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Gjessing
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Bakketeig
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000235:genetics; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D012016:Reference Values; D012727:Sex Characteristics