title: Elevating the island: the simplest method of delaying the TRAM flap.
abstract: Vascular compromise is a relatively frequent complication of breast reconstruction performed with the use of pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flaps. The authors present their experience in delaying TRAM flaps by preelevating the island 7 to 10 days before flap transfer. The skin island is fully incised and raised from the lateral tip to the lateral border of the rectus muscle on one side, and is raised from the tip to the midline on the opposite side. The inferior epigastric pedicle of the rectus muscle remains intact. This method was used in 55 patients. No total flap loss, and only two cases (3.6%) of partial flap necrosis were observed. Preelevating the island is a very simple and effective method of TRAM flap delay, alternative to the ligation of the inferior epigastric pedicle.
authors.affiliation: Division of Head and Neck and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Towpik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Witwicki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tchorzewska
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jackiewicz
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000637:transplantation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013997:Time Factors