title: The effect of a single gavage dose of fumonisin B(1) on the sphinganine and sphingosine levels in vervet monkeys.
abstract: This is the first report of sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So) levels determined in serum and urine of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) dosed with pure fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)). Initially, experimental vervet monkeys were given a single gavage dose of either 1 or 10 mg FB(1) /kg body weight. Blood and urine were sampled daily and on day seven the monkeys were terminated and the kidneys and livers harvested. In a subsequent experiment, other vervet monkeys were similarly dosed and blood and urine samples were collected over a 50-day period. In the high-dose monkeys the serum Sa/So ratio, as well as levels of serum cholesterol and liver function enzymes, increased during the first week after dosing and remained elevated for several weeks thereafter. The urinary Sa/So ratio and the serum renal function indicators showed a more rapid response and a correspondingly more rapid return to pre-dosing levels. In the low-dose monkeys serum Sa and the Sa/So ratio were the only parameters to increase above the control levels. The Sa/So ratio in liver and kidney tissue showed an elevation over controls in a dose-dependent manner. The serum Sa/So ratio was exclusively elevated above the control levels in the low- and high-dose monkeys and seems more relevant as a marker for fumonisin exposure than any of the other indicators.
authors.affiliation: Programme on Mycotoxins and Experimental Carcinogenesis, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa. liana.van.der.westhuizen@mrc.ac.za
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van der Westhuizen
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Shephard
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: van Schalkwyk
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D037341:Fumonisins; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056933:fumonisin B1; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol