title: Description of a new mutation in rhodopsin, Pro23Ala, and comparison with electroretinographic and clinical characteristics of the Pro23His mutation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the clinical characteristics of a family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa caused by a proline-to-alanine mutation at codon 23 (Pro23Ala) of the rhodopsin gene and to compare this phenotype with that associated with the more common proline-to-histidine mutation at codon 23 (Pro23His).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 6 patients within a single pedigree. The electroretinograms (ERGs) of 35 patients with known Pro23His mutations and of 22 healthy individuals were reviewed. Scotopic dim flash-response amplitudes, maximum combined-response amplitudes, and photopic-response amplitudes from the ERGs of these patients were plotted against age. The ERG indices of 5 individuals in the Pro23Ala family were compared with those of the patients with Pro23His mutations and of healthy individuals. Multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the effect of age and mutation type on amplitudes. Mutation detection was performed using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, followed by automated DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with the Pro23Ala mutation have a clinical phenotype characterized by onset of symptoms in the second to fourth decades of life, loss of superior visual field with relatively well-preserved inferior fields, and mild nyctalopia. Comparison with patients with the Pro23His mutation demonstrates statistically significant differences (P<.001) in responses to dim flash, maximum combined, and photopic responses between patients with these mutations after controlling for the effects of age. Patients with Pro23Ala mutations were less affected by ERG criteria than patients with Pro23His mutations. Patients with Pro23Ala mutations also differed significantly from healthy patients in all ERG indices examined (P<.001), after controlling for age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe a rare mutation in codon 23 of rhodopsin causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. The retinal dystrophy associated with the Pro23Ala mutation is characteristically mild in presentation and course, with greater preservation of ERG amplitudes than the more prevalent Pro23His mutation. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:1269-1276
authors.affiliation: Department of Opthamology and Visual Science, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, USA.
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Weleber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lotery
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Billingslea
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003062:Codon; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017354:Point Mutation; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D012243:Rhodopsin