Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins by phenolic substances in different essential oils varieties.
Phenolics antioxidant phytochemicals have been recently implicated for the lower rates of cardiac disease mortality among people consuming a Mediterranean diet. Essential oils are natural products extracted from vegetable materials, which can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidants, and anti-carcinogenic agents or to preserve and give specific flavors to foods. The activities of 23 selected essential oils in inhibiting the copper-catalyzed oxidation of human-low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were determined in vitro. LDL oxidation was inhibited between 6, 2, and 83% by 2 microM (GAE) total phenolics. The relative inhibition of LDL oxidation was used to categorize the essential oils into four groups below 2% when they contained methylchavicol, anethol, p-cymen, apiole, cinnamic ether; 6-10% if they possessed a majority of carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, or vanillin; 10-50% for moderate amounts of thymol, carvacrol, cuminol, or eugenol; and 50-100% when eugenol is the major component. Total phenol content of essential oils gave a correlation with LDL antioxidant activity of r = 0.75. The Activity of each phenolics compound could play a role in protecting LDL against oxidation if the substance is absorbed by the body.
Teissedre
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Université de Montpellier I, Faculté de Pharmacie, Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Oenologie, Av. Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France. teissed@pharma.univ-montp1.fr
Waterhouse
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D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*
D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010636:Phenols