title: Indocyanine green angiography and histopathology of choroidal neovascular membrane in age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Histopathological investigation of the choroidal neovascular membrane (CNM) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients who showed various findings in indocyanine green angiography (IA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Before surgery, 20 eyes of 20 patients were classified into four types based on IA findings (Type I: both early and late phase hyperfluorescence; Type II: hyperfluorescence only in the early phase; Type III: hyperfluorescence only in the late phase; Type IV: virtually no hyperfluorescence in any phase). Seventeen surgically excised specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin and azan, were examined by light microscopy. Three other specimens were examined by electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Type I membrane showed many vascular channels not present in the surrounding retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, and little fibrous tissue. Type II membrane had many vascular channels but RPE cells surrounded the CNM. Type III membrane showed few vascular channels and RPE cell proliferation. Type IV membrane showed dense fibrous tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IA findings in AMD agreed with the CNM membrane structure in regard to the number of vascular channels, maturity of vessels, the extent of envelopment of RPE cells and the amount of fibrous tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Asayama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuzawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002829:Choroid / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green