title: Ender nailing for tibial shaft fractures.
abstract: During the period from December 1980, when we began using Ender nails for the treatment of tibial shaft fractures, to December 1995, 274 unions of 280 fractures in 275 patients treated by Ender nailing were successfully achieved. Ender nailing for tibial shaft fractures can be classified into three methods A, B, and C, according to the insertion points of the nails. In method A, which is used for the proximal one-third fractures of the tibia, the nails are inserted from the distal tibia medially and laterally towards the proximal tibia. In method B, which is for middle or distal one-third fractures of the tibia, the nails are inserted from the proximal tibia medially and laterally directed distally. In method C, which is for long oblique or double fractures, one nail is inserted from a proximal site, and the other is inserted distally; these two nails must form an X-shape. Ender nailing is an excellent semiconservative treatment for tibial shaft fractures, maintaining adequate elasticity at the fracture sites where much callus is formed, leading to a good union.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaji
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*