Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 antibodies in perinatal HIV-1 infection: association with human HIV-1 transmission, infection, and disease progression. For the Women and Infants Transmission Study.
Anti -human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 antibodies in 242 pregnant women and 238 infants were measured at birth and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after birth, to estimate their association with perinatal transmission and infant disease progression. Maternal anti-p24 (P=.01) and anti-gp120 (P=.04) antibodies were inversely associated with vertical transmission rates, independent of maternal percentage of CD4 cells, hard drug use, duration of ruptured membranes, serum albumin levels, serum vitamin A levels, and quantitative HIV-1 peripheral mononuclear blood cell culture, but not with maternal plasma immune complex dissociated p24 or HIV-1 RNA copy number, both of which were highly correlated with antibodies. From ages 1-2 months, anti-gp120, -gp41, -p31, and -p66 decayed to a greater extent in infected than in uninfected infants. Infected infants produced anti-p24 antibody by age 2 months, anti-p17 by 4 months, and anti-p41 and anti-gp120 by 6 months. As early as birth, infants with rapid disease progression had lower levels of anti-p24 than did infants whose disease did not rapidly progress, but not independently of HIV-1 RNA levels.
Pitt
J
J
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York, NY 10032, USA. jp25@columbia.edu
Henrard
D
D
FitzGerald
G
G
Mofenson
L
L
Lew
J
J
Hillyer
G
G
Mendez
H
H
Cooper
E
E
Hanson
C
C
Rich
K C
KC
D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood
D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D014801:Vitamin A