Measurement of blood pressure using the auscultatory and oscillometric methods in the same cuff deflation: validation and field trial of the A&D TM2421 monitor.
We have evaluated under laboratory validation conditions and in an extensive field trial the behaviour of an ambulatory monitoring device that is capable of recording both by the Korotkoff-sound and oscillometric methods in a single cuff deflation (TM2421: A&D Co, Tokyo, Japan). The effects of subject age and blood pressure (BP) level on the accuracy and field reliability of the two methods implemented in the device have been determined. In the validation phase, automatic BP measurements were compared with readings by two trained observers in 96 subjects, and the results compared with the AAMI criteria for automatic BP monitors. In the field trial phase, the performances of Korotkoff-sound and oscillometric methods over a 24-h period of ambulatory BP monitoring were compared in 515 subjects, with analysis of the agreement between the two methods in patients where both provided satisfactory recordings. In the validation phase, the Korotkoff-sound method gave satisfactory results for both systolic and diastolic BP, but the oscillometric technique narrowly failed to meet the AAMI criteria for the measurement of either systolic or diastolic BP. In the field trial, the K-sound method failed to record BP accurately in 12% of subjects whereas the oscillometric method was successful in all of these. Where both methods provided technically adequate records, agreement between mean values for each method was close. In 18% of patients, the availability of the oscillometric measurement as a 'back-up' method for the K-sound method significantly improved the number of available measurements in the monitoring period, which should result in improved accuracy and reproducibility of the ambulatory mean values.
Keavney
B
B
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. bernard.keavney@cardiov.ox.ac.uk
Bird
R
R
Caiazza
A
A
Casadei
B
B
Conway
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001314:Auscultation; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009991:Oscillometry