title: An outbreak of respiratory diseases among workers at a water-damaged building--a case report.
abstract: We describe a military hospital building with severe, repeated and enduring water and mold damage, and the symptoms and diseases found among 14 persons who were employed at the building. The exposure of the employees was evaluated by measuring the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG)-antibodies against eight spieces of mold and yeast common in Finnish water and mold damaged buildings and by sampling airborne viable microbes within the hospital. The most abundant spieces was Sporobolomyces salmonicolor. All but one of the employees reported some building-related symptoms, the most common being a cough which was reported by nine subjects. Four new cases of asthma, confirmed by S. salmonicolor inhalation provocation tests, one of whom was also found to have alveolitis, were found among the hospital personnel. In addition, seven other workers with newly diagnosed rhinitis reacted positively in nasal S. salmonicolor provocation tests. Skin prick tests by Sporobolomyces were negative among all 14 workers. Exposure of the workers to mold and yeast in the indoor air caused an outbreak of occupational diseases, including asthma, rhinitis and alveolitis. The diseases were not immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated but might have been borne by some other, as yet unexplained, mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Kuopio Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Finland. markku.seuri@occuphealth.fi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seuri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Husman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinnunen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kreus
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuronen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lehtomäki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paananen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi; D006772:Hospitals, Military; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000209:etiology; D018877:Sick Building Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D014867:Water; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D014867:Water