title: Autohydrolysis of plant polysaccharides using transgenic hyperthermophilic enzymes.
abstract: Commercial bioprocessing of plant carbohydrates, such as starch or cellulose, necessitates the use of commodity enzyme additives to accelerate polysaccharide hydrolysis. To simplify this procedure, transgenic plant tissues constitutively producing commodity enzymes were examined as a strategy for accelerating carbohydrate bioprocessing. Hyperthermophilic glycosyl hydrolases were selected to circumvent enzyme toxicity, because such enzymes are inactive at plant growth temperatures and are therefore physiologically benign. Transgenic tobacco lines were established that produced either a hyperthermophilic alpha-glucosidase or a beta-glycosidase using genes derived from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Western blot and immunoprecipitation analyses were used to demonstrate the presence of recombinant enzymes in plant tissues. Transgenic enzyme levels exhibited an unusual delayed pattern of accumulation while their activities survived plant tissue preservation. Transgenic plant protein extracts released glucose from purified polysaccharide substrates at appreciable rates during incubation in high-temperature reactions. Glucose was also produced following enzymatic treatment of plant extracts enriched for endogenous polysaccharides. Direct conversion of plant tissue into free sugar was evident using whole plant extracts of either transgenic line, and could be significantly accelerated in a synergistic manner by combining transgenic line extracts.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, E234, Beadle Center for Genetics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0666, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montalvo-Rodriguez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haseltine
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huess-LaRossa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staswick
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blum
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005959:Glucosidases / Q000235:genetics; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006867:Hydrolases; D005959:Glucosidases; C104851:Sulfolobus solfataricus beta-glycosidase; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005947:Glucose