title: Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in the blastic phase with fludarabine, cytosine arabinoside and G-CSF (FLAG).
abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the association of fludarabine plus Ara-C and G-CSF (FLAG) in the treatment of 15 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the blastic phase (CML-BP). Patients achieving a partial remission (PR) after the first course received a second FLAG. Complete remission (CR) was consolidated with another FLAG regimen. Patients were then submitted to an individualized program of treatment depending on age and suitable donors. Overall seven patients achieved CR (46.7%), three (20%) showed a primary resistant disease, while three (20%) died during remission induction therapy. Five of them received a consolidation therapy; in two cases further treatment was not performed because of severe toxicity. Median overall survival and disease-free survival were of 7.5 and 4.5 months, respectively. FLAG proved to be effective in achieving a high CR rate in patients with CML-BP. Median overall survival and disease-free survival were not significantly improved compared to previous studies. Nevertheless, the treatment was well tolerated even in a group of heavily pretreated patients, allowing further transplantation opportunities in younger patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Niguarda Cà Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tedeschi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montillo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nosari
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Copia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leoni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001752:Blast Crisis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012074:Remission Induction; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014740:Vidarabine