title: Reproductive outcomes for dairy heifers treated with combinations of prostaglandin F2alpha, norgestomet, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
abstract: We conducted three experiments to test various protocols for synchronizing estrus, ovulation, or both before insemination of heifers. In experiment 1, 23 controls received two PGF2alpha injections; 23 heifers were treated like the controls plus a norgestomet implant for 8 d, with the second PGF2alpha injection 24 h before implant removal; and 23 heifers were treated like the previous group plus 100 microg of GnRH 54 h after the second PGF2alpha injection. Although norgestomet and GnRH altered some estrual characteristics, conception rates in experiment 1 (n = 69) and experiment 2 (278 heifers receiving the same treatments as those in experiment 1) generally were not different among treatments. Reproductive outcomes were not improved by adding norgestomet and GnRH to a standard PGF2alpha protocol. In experiment 3, control heifers received PGF2alpha and were inseminated after detected estrus or at 72 to 80 h after a second injection of PGF2alpha given 14 d after the first injection. Select Synch heifers, treated with GnRH either 6 or 7 d before PGF2alpha were inseminated after detected estrus, whereas Ovsynch heifers were treated like Select Synch heifers but also received a second GnRH injection approximately 36 h after PGF2alpha and were inseminated 18 h later. Estrus detection and pregnancy rates after Ovsynch were less than those of controls, whereas conception and pregnancy rates did not differ between control and Select Synch heifers. Therefore, the Select Synch protocol was equivalent to a standard PGF2alpha protocol, whereas Ovsynch was inferior to both of those protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA. jstevens@oznet.ksu.edu
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects*; D004972:Estrus Detection; D004973:Estrus Synchronization; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000662:veterinary; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D011282:Pregnenediones; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; C100284:norgestomet; D015237:Dinoprost