title: Human embryos derived from in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes: analysis for chromosomal abnormalities and nuclear morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether embryos resulting from oocytes matured in vitro have a higher incidence of nuclear and/or genetic abnormalities compared to embryos resulting from oocytes matured in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 was used to compare the rates of aneuploidy, mosaicism, and nuclear abnormalities in embryos derived from oocytes that were prophase I at aspiration (immature group) to that observed in embryos resulting from oocytes that were metaphase I or II at aspiration (mature group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on nuclear morphology, significantly more embryos in the mature group (23%) were classified as normal compared to embryos in the immature group (3%). No difference was found in the rate of aneuploidy or in the incidence of mosaicism involving these chromosomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that few embryos derived from prophase I oocytes collected following ovarian stimulation are morphologically normal.
authors.affiliation: Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk 23507, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeScisciolo
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gibbons
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Muasher
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lanzendorf
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D001757:Blastomeres / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008677:Metaphase; D009030:Mosaicism / Q000235:genetics; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011418:Prophase