title: Cystic submucosal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract: endosonographic findings and endoscopic removal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to describe the endosonographic findings in gastrointestinal cystic submucosal tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The endosonographic and clinicopathological findings in 51 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cystic submucosal tumors were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endosonographically, cystic submucosal tumors were classified into simple cystic, multicystic, and solid cystic tumor types. The simple cystic tumor type was frequently identified in cysts, and rarely in Brunner's gland hamartomas or in heterotopic gastric mucosa. The multicystic tumor type was common in lymphangiomas, followed by gastric cystic malformations, hemangiomas, and Brunner's gland hamartomas. The solid cystic tumor type included duplication cysts, heterotopic gastric mucosa, heterotopic pancreas, myogenic tumors with advanced cystic degeneration, and gastric tuberculomas. Based on the endosonographic findings, 14 lesions were safely treated with endoscopic removal, using in particular the unroofing technique (cutting off the upper part of the tumors) in nine lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endosonography is a useful diagnostic modality for investigating cystic submucosal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Second Dept. of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hizawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kouzuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suekane
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishima
mesh_terms: D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D019160:Endosonography; D005753:Gastric Mucosa; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa; D012189:Retrospective Studies