title: Dose optimization for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a comparison of treatment planning techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare dose optimization for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma using a 3D conformal plan, and two 3D intensity-modulated inverse plans.
  
  
  METHODS
  After patient immobilization using an alpha cradle and head-mask system, a postoperative CT scan was obtained to delineate the gross tumor volume (GTV), the clinical tumor volume (CTV), and adjacent critical structures. Treatment plans were generated using UM-Plan (University of Michigan), PeacockPlan and Corvus (NOMOS Corporation, Sewickley, PA). Isodoses were displayed in the sagittal, coronal, and multiple axial planes, and dose-volume histograms (DVH) were generated for the GTV, CTV, and critical normal tissues. Treatment times were estimated to compare the practicality of delivering each plan in a busy radiotherapy department.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three treatment planning systems were able to deliver a minimum dose of 60 Gy to the GTV while keeping the maximum spinal cord dose at or below 45 Gy. However, there were differences in the doses delivered to 50% and 5% of the cord, the minimum CTV dose, and the overall treatment time. The PeacockPlan best spared the uninvolved tissues of the posterior neck, and provided the lowest dose to the cord without compromising the CTV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inverse treatment planning provides superior dose optimization for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. The radiobiologic impact of intensity modulation for this tumor should be further tested clinically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Posner
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Quivey
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Akazawa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akazawa
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Verhey
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed