title: The effect of systemic lidocaine on pain and secondary hyperalgesia associated with the heat/capsaicin sensitization model in healthy volunteers.
abstract: Although effective in neuropathic pain, the efficacy of systemic lidocaine in non-neuropathic pain remains uncertain. We investigated the analgesic effect of systemic lidocaine on the heat/capsaicin sensitization model of experimental pain in 24 volunteers. Sensitization was produced by heating the skin to 45 degrees C for 5 min, followed by a 30-min application of 0.075% capsaicin cream, and maintained by periodically reheating the sensitized skin. Subjects received IV lidocaine (bolus 2 mg/kg, then infusion 3 mg. kg. h), or saline for 85 min. Areas of secondary hyperalgesia, heat pain detection thresholds, and painfulness of stimulation with 45 degrees C for 1 min (long thermal stimulation) were quantified. Systemic lidocaine reduced the area of secondary hyperalgesia to brush, but not to von Frey hair stimulation. Lidocaine did not alter heat pain detection thresholds or painfulness of long thermal stimulation in normal skin. We conclude that, at infusion rates in the low- to mid-antiarrhythmic range, lidocaine has no effect on acute nociceptive pain but does have a limited and selective effect on secondary hyperalgesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy of systemic lidocaine in nonneuropathic pain remains uncertain. This study investigates the effect of systemic lidocaine on experimental-induced hyperalgesia in 25 volunteers. Hyperalgesia was induced by using an experimental pain model that uses heat and capsaicin in combination. Systemic lidocaine showed a selective effect on secondary hyperalgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dirks
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fabricius
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rowbotham
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004244:Dizziness / Q000139:chemically induced; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold; D010919:Placebos; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D010919:Placebos; D008012:Lidocaine; D002211:Capsaicin