Noninvasive indexes of left atrial diastolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
OBJECTIVE
Our goal was to noninvasively assess left atrial diastolic function and its relation to the impaired left ventricular filling in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.


RESULTS
We studied 34 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 26 patients with secondary forms of left ventricular hypertrophy (aortic stenosis, fixed subaortic stenosis, hypertension), and 21 control subjects. Left atrial diastolic function was assessed by measuring acceleration time (SAT), deceleration time (SDT), and the EF (mean deceleration rate) slope of the pulmonary venous flow systolic wave (SW). Left ventricular diastolic function assessed by transmitral Doppler included peak early left ventricular and peak atrial filling velocities, the ratio of early-to-late peak velocities, isovolumic relaxation time, deceleration time, and EF slope. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, acceleration time was significantly reduced (P<.05), deceleration time was significantly prolonged (P<.0001), and EF slope was significantly reduced (P<.01). These indexes were similar among the other two groups. No statistically significant difference existed between the subgroups of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the above indexes. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and secondary forms of left ventricular hypertrophy had evidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, no correlation existed between left atrial and left ventricular diastolic function indexes (r = -0.26 to 0.33).


CONCLUSIONS
Echocardiographic indexes of left atrial relaxation and filling are abnormal in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but not in secondary forms of left ventricular hypertrophy. These indexes are abnormal in all forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy irrespective of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and distribution of hypertrophy; they are not solely attributable to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. The above may imply that hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a cardiac myopathic disease that involves the heart muscle as a whole, irrespective of distribution of hypertrophy and obstruction.
Dardas
P S
PS
Cardiac Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Filippatos
G S
GS
Tsikaderis
D D
DD
Michalis
L K
LK
Goudevenos
I A
IA
Sideris
D A
DA
Shapiro
L M
LM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016279:Atrial Function, Left; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology