title: Molecular basis for resistance to the anticancer drug cisplatin in Dictyostelium.
abstract: The efficacy of the widely used chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin is limited by the occurrence of drug-resistant tumour cells. To fully exploit the potential of this drug in cancer therapy, it is imperative to understand the molecular basis of cisplatin resistance. Using an insertional mutagenesis technique in cells of Dictyostelium discoideum, we have identified six genes which are involved in cisplatin resistance. None of these genes has been previously linked to resistance to this drug. Several of these genes encode proteins that are involved in signal transduction pathways which regulate cell death, cell proliferation or gene regulation. The resistance of these mutant strains is specific for cisplatin, since deletion of these genes does not confer resistance to other DNA-damaging agents. Significantly, the disruption of three of these genes, encoding the sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase, the RegA cAMP phosphodiesterase and a phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, also results in abnormalities in the multicellular development of this organism, although there is no change in the rate of mitotic cell growth. This study has identified previously unsuspected molecular pathways which function in the cellular response to cisplatin and are required for normal morphogenesis, and underscores the complexity of the cellular response to cisplatin. These pathways provide potential targets for modulating the response to this important drug.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA1.
authors.forename: Guochun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA1.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany2.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA1.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; C022649:sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase (aldolase); D002945:Cisplatin