title: Adjuvanticity and inflammatory response following administration of water-in-oil emulsions prepared with saturated hydrocarbons in chickens.
abstract: Water-in-oil emulsions containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model antigen were prepared using aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons with carbon number from 12 to 18, and were tested in chickens. Straight-chain hydrocarbons induced higher antibody titers against BSA after administration than branched-chain hydrocarbons. n-C16H34 and n-C18H38 maintained high antibody titers even at 32 weeks after administration, compared with n-C12H26, n-C14H30 and n-C15H32. n-C12H26 and n-C14H30 raised concentrations of sialic acid and creatine kinase in plasma, both of which are important markers of inflammatory responses, immediately after administration. n-C16H34 and n-C18H38 did not raise the values of these markers. These results indicated that n-C16H34 and n-C18H38 induced elevated and sustained immune responses without severe adverse reactions in chickens.
authors.affiliation: Aburahi Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Fukanoki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004655:Emulsions; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000097:blood; D009821:Oils; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000276:immunology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015415:Biomarkers; D004655:Emulsions; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009821:Oils; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014867:Water; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid