title: Conventional physiotherapy and treadmill re-training for higher-level gait disorders in cerebrovascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to compare the therapeutic effects of two approaches to gait re-training--a schedule of conventional physiotherapy and treadmill re-training--in patients with higher-level gait disorders associated with cerebral multiinfarct states.
  
  
  METHODS
  single-blind crossover study involving a 4-week baseline period, 4 weeks of treadmill re-training and 4 weeks of conventional physiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  a large teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  patients with cerebral multi-infarct states who met the criteria for higher-level gait disorders. Computed tomographic brain scans showed at least one large vessel infarct, basal ganglia and white matter lacunes or extensive leukoaraiosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  a schedule of treadmill re-training and a specific schedule of physiotherapy containing 31 interventions in three treatment modules: (i) for gait ignition failure and turning; (ii) to improve postural alignment and enhance balance reactions; and (iii) for other components of cerebral multi-infarct state disordered gait.
  
  
  METHODS
  spatial and temporal gait measures and activity of daily living assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  we recruited 18 patients, mean (SD) age 79.1 (6.8) years. Patients walked an average of 7.9 (5.5) km on the treadmill and had an average of 6.7 (3.2) h of physiotherapy. There were clinically moderate but highly statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvements in the following indices: time taken to complete the sit-to-stand test; time taken to walk 10 m; number of steps over 10 m; walking velocity; right and left step lengths; and time taken to complete the 'S' test. There were no differences in the results obtained in each limb of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  there is no difference between the effects of conventional physiotherapy and treadmill re-training on the gait of patients with higher-level gait disorders associated with cerebral multi-infarct states. However, the improvements seen during the treatment period suggest that there is scope to improve the gait of this group of frail, elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liston
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mickelborough
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hann
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tallis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006299:Health Services for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking