title: Amplification of various genes of human group B rotavirus from stool specimens by RT-PCR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The detection of the human group B rotavirus (HuGBR) CAL strain from India has given us an opportunity to design suitable primers for the detection of HuGBR since CAL is the second HuGBR detected until now, the Chinese Adult Diarrhoea Rotavirus (ADRV) being the first reported human pathogen belonging to this group of viruses. The primers described here may thus be used for the detection of human group B rotaviruses by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) in a diagnostic laboratory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish a set of primers suitable for the detection of various genes of human group B rotaviruses using a rapid RT-PCR assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Until recently, the Chinese ADRV strain was the only HuGBR strain that had been partially sequenced by cloning various viral genes using vector-specific primers. Consequently, there are very few reports in the literature describing primers that may be used for the detection of HuGBR viruses using RT-PCR in a clinical laboratory. The sequences of various genes from the ADRV strain that had been submitted to the nucleotide sequence database GenBank were analyzed in order to design several putative detection primer pairs for an RT-PCR assay. The rationale was to amplify the cognate genes from five isolates of the HuGBR CAL strain (CAL-1 to CAL-5) that have been detected to date from India. Primers that resulted in a specific product of the expected size from the CAL isolates were used to standardize a protocol for amplifying various genes of the CAL isolates under identical reaction conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of several synthetic oligonucleotides designed, 12 were found to be satisfactory for the amplification of gene segments 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9 from the five CAL isolates and are presented here. A set of previously described primers that have been shown to be specific for human group B rotavirus gene segment 8 were also found to amplify the cognate gene from the CAL isolates. All the reactions were carried out using the same thermal cycling conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extreme virulence potential of HuGBR has been documented in several epidemics in China. Until recently, the Chinese ADRV strain was the only known HuGBr strain. As there have not been any reports of HuGBR infections outside China, there are no consensus nucleotide sequences available for HuGBR that may be used to validate primers for the detection of HuGBR. Here we report a set of 12 primer sequences that were designed from ADRV sequences and also found to amplify various genes from the different CAL isolates and hence may represent consensus primers suitable for the detection of HuGBR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, 700 010, Calcutta, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urasawa
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Naik
mesh_terms: D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers