title: Balloon dilatation of critical left heart stenoses in low birthweight infants.
abstract: We describe the results of balloon angioplasty in 5 infants with body weights of 850-2400 g. Three patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and two patients with isthmic coarctation of the aorta experienced relief of stenosis. Two patients with aortic valve stenosis developed thrombosis of the femoral artery; however, complete resolution of the compromised pulse occurred following thrombolytic therapy. In both patients with isthmic coarctation, pulses on the right leg remained diminished. All patients are doing well 0.28 to 3.32 y after the procedure; none has required additional therapy. Our results in a limited number of consecutive low birthweight infants show that balloon dilatation is feasible and can be performed successfully even in neonates with body weights < 1500 g. According to our experience, balloon dilatation in infants with body weights > 2000 g does not differ significantly from standard procedures. In very small infants, however, balloon angioplasty requires special precautions to avoid temperature loss. Arterial access is the major problem in small children, and requires further improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Balloon dilatation is feasible even in neonates < 1500 g. However, special precautions to avoid temperature loss are required and arterial access is the major problem.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buheitel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gerling
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klinge
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofbeck
mesh_terms: D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000628:therapy*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000628:therapy*; D002404:Catheterization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn