Bacterial immunoglobulin superantigen proteins A and L activate human heart mast cells by interacting with immunoglobulin E.
Human heart mast cells (HHMC) have been identified in heart tissue, perivascularly, and in the intima of coronary arteries. In vitro activation of isolated HHMC induces the release of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators (histamine, tryptase, and cysteinyl leukotriene C(4) [LTC(4)]). We investigated the effects of several bacterial proteins on HHMC activation in vitro. HHMC released histamine, tryptase, and LTC(4) in response to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 and the immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding protein A, but not to S. aureus Wood 46, which does not synthesize protein A. The effect of protein A was inhibited by preincubation with monoclonal IgM V(H)3(+). Some strains of Peptostreptococcus magnus express an Ig light chain-binding surface protein called protein L. Such bacteria and soluble protein L stimulated the release of preformed and newly synthesized mediators from HHMC. Preincubation of HHMC with either protein A or protein L resulted in complete cross-desensitization to a subsequent challenge with the heterologous stimulus or anti-IgE. Monoclonal IgE (kappa chains) blocked protein L-induced release, whereas IgE (lambda chains) had no effect. Streptococcal protein G, formyl-containing tripeptide, and pepstatin A did not activate HHMC. Bacterial products protein A and protein L and intact bacteria (S. aureus and P. magnus) activate HHMC by acting as Ig superantigens.
Genovese
A
A
Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Bouvet
J P
JP
Florio
G
G
Lamparter-Schummert
B
B
Björck
L
L
Marone
G
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006636:Histamine Release; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000378:metabolism; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000276:immunology*; D010462:Peptostreptococcus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A / Q000276:immunology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D053802:Tryptases
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C055047:Ig L-binding protein, Peptostreptococcus; C034284:IgG Fc-binding protein, Streptococcus; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A; D018089:Superantigens; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D053802:Tryptases