title: Variations in ILMA external diameters: another cause of device failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report failure of insertion of #5 and #4 intubating laryngeal mask airways (ILMAs) in a patient with a mouth opening of just under 25 mm, and the variances among same-size ILMAs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 53-yr-old man with obstructive sleep apnea underwent elective ENT surgical repair. His mouth opening was just under 25 mm. Ventilation by mask was easy. Direct laryngoscopy failed after induction of anesthesia and neuromuscular block. Neither a #5 nor a #4 ILMA could be passed between the patient's teeth, despite different twisting maneuvres. A #4 LMA was thus prepared as a conduit for fibreoptic intubation. Placement of the LMA was easy, as was fibreoptic-guided intubation. The LMA was removed over the tracheal tube (TT) to enable ENT surgery, and the further course was uneventful. Manual examination showed that, unlike others of the same type, the failed ILMAs were not sufficiently compressible either to allow insertion in this patient or to the 20 mm reported as the maximal outer dimension of the device. Radiological examination revealed that, at the point of the device where it is intended to be compressible, the silicone layer was thicker in the failed devices than in stock compressible ILMAs, and the end of the steel tube was not so sharply beveled.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our inability to insert an ILMA in a patient with an interdental distance of just under 25 mm was because the device was not sufficiently compressible although the manufacturer states the maximal outer dimension to be 20 mm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anestehsiology and General Intensive Care, University of Vienna, Austria. carsten.preis@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Preis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Czerny
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Preis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimpfer
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D017214:Laryngeal Masks / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000601:surgery