title: How cigarette additives are used to mask environmental tobacco smoke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the tobacco industry's research on and use of cigarette additives that alter the perception of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Internal documents from four websites maintained by the major US tobacco manufacturers and company patents pertaining to the use of ETS altering additives obtained from the US Patent and Trademark Office online database.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic searches of the four industry websites and the US patent database were conducted using keywords to identify relevant data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Industry documents and patents obtained using an exploratory snowball sampling method were reviewed and grouped into four general categories according to whether the additive(s) described affected ETS visibility, odour, irritation, or emissions. Accuracy of isolated findings was validated through cross comparison of the data sources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of this preliminary study provide evidence that tobacco manufacturers have conducted extensive research on the use of chemical additives to reduce, mask, or otherwise alter the visibility, odour, irritation, or emission of ETS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that the tobacco industry uses additives to reduce the perception of ETS. To protect the public, appropriate regulation of tobacco additives should be mandated.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Tobacco Control Program, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 12108, USA. greg.connolly@state.ma.us
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Wayne
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lymperis
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Doherty
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009812:Odorants; D010470:Perceptual Masking; D012903:Smell; D012907:Smoking; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution