title: Prevalence of murmurs consistent with aortic stenosis among boxer dogs in Norway and Sweden.
abstract: The prevalence and severity of cardiac murmurs consistent with subclinical or clinically detectable aortic stenosis among purebred boxer dogs in Norway and Sweden were evaluated. Two hundred and thirty-one boxers, randomly selected or investigated at dog shows, were examined by phonocardiography by two veterinarians and classified on the basis of the characteristics of their murmurs into categories 0 to 4. No murmur was detected in 23 per cent of the dogs, murmurs classified as category 1 were diagnosed in 25 per cent of the dogs, as category 2 in 46 per cent, as category 3 in 7 per cent cent, and two dogs had category 4 murmurs. In 55 per cent of the dogs, primarily those with very soft murmurs, there was some variation in the intensity of the murmur from beat to beat. The prevalence of cardiac murmurs among Norwegian and Swedish boxers was high and similar to the prevalence reported in Great Britain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heiene
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Indrebø
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kvart
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Skaalnes
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ulstad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004285:Dogs; D006337:Heart Murmurs / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010375:Pedigree; D015995:Prevalence; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology