title: Meningococcal infection among pilgrims visiting Madinah Al-Munawarah despite prior A-C vaccination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the profile of meningococcal infection among pilgrims despite prior A-C vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  King Abdul Aziz Hospital, Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients admitted to the hospital during the study period of April 1992 to June 1993 were evaluated prospectively regarding their clinical and laboratory features, culture and antibiotic sensitivity and meningococcal serotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve cases presented as meningitis while 3 cases had meningococcaemia. Most (53.3%) were from Pakistan while rest were from 6 other countries. Clinical and laboratory features at presentation were similar as reported in the literature. In 13 cases where serotyping could be done, most belonged to group A (54%) and C (23%). Antimicrobial sensitivity showed the isolates to be sensitive to most of the antibiotics commonly used to treat this infection. Mortality was 33% with the poorest outcome in patients with W135 infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study underscores the need of further studies in Makkah and Madinah, Saudi Arabia to find out the serotypes and immunological factors responsible for meningococcal infection in A-C vaccinated pilgrims so as to explore the possibility of use of polyvalent meningococcal vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yousuf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadeem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines