title: Muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with acromegaly.
abstract: Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was measured in nine acromegalic patients (age, 35 +/- 4 yr; body mass index, 28 +/- 2 kg/m2) and eight healthy subjects (age, 32 +/- 3 yr; body mass index, 25 +/- 2 kg/m2) by combining the forearm arterial-venous difference technique with the tracer method [infusion of tritiated norepinephrine (NE)]. Muscle NE release was quantified both at rest and during physiological hyperinsulinemia while maintaining euglycemia (approximately 90 mg/dL) by means of the euglycemic clamp. Arterial plasma NE was similar in the two groups at rest (197 +/- 28 and 200 +/- 27 pg/mL (-1) and slightly increased during insulin infusion. Forearm NE release was 2.33 +/- 0.55 ng x liter(-1) x min(-1) in healthy subjects and 2.67 +/- 0.61 ng x liter(-1) x min(-1) in acromegalic subjects in the basal state and increased to a similar extent during insulin infusion in both groups (3.13 +/- 0.71 and 3.32 +/- 0.75 ng x L(-1) x min(-1), P < 0.05 vs. basal), indicating a normal stimulatory effect of insulin on muscle sympathetic activity. In contrast, insulin-stimulated forearm glucose uptake was markedly lower in acromegalic patients (2.3 +/- 0.4 mg x L(-1) x min(-1)) than in control subjects (7.9 +/- 1.3 mg x L(-1) x min(-1), P < 0.001), indicating the presence of severe insulin resistance involving glucose metabolism. Our data demonstrate that patients with long-term acromegaly have normal sympathetic activity in the skeletal muscle in the basal, postabsorptive state and normal increments in NE spillover in response to the sympatho-excitatory effect of insulin. Thus, the presence of severe insulin resistance in acromegaly is not accounted for by adrenergic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Capaldo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lembo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rendina
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marzullo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saccà
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D009638:Norepinephrine