title: Gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we list the gastrointestinal manifestations of SLE and analyze current approaches in investigating and treating these common conditions. Abdominal symptoms and signs may be due to SLE or due to medications used in the treatment of SLE. In patients with abdominal pain and active SLE, it is critical to diagnose vasculitis or thrombosis with appropriate scanning and institute early immunosuppressive or surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center/UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, California, USA. dhallegua@msn.com
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hallegua
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wallace
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000209:etiology