title: Gender and psychiatric comorbidity: impact on clinical presentation of alcohol dependence.
abstract: We examined differences in clinical presentation for outpatient alcohol treatment in: 1) males and females, considering comorbidity; and 2) three comorbid groups, considering gender. Drinking indices and emotional, physical, and sexual abuse reports were compared in 127 male and 69 female alcohol-dependent patients who have a current (36.2%) or lifetime (20.4%) psychiatric disorder or who never had a psychiatric disorder (43.4%). Females reported more emotional and physical abuse than males. Females reported drinking smaller volumes of alcohol but on more days than males. All with current comorbidity, irrespective of gender, reported more days of heavy drinking than other groups. When evaluating drinking status, gender and comorbidity should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA. pettinati@research.trc.upenn.edu
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Pettinati
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rukstalis
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Luck
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Volpicelli
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012742:Sex Offenses