title: The underwhite (uw) locus acts autonomously and reduces the production of melanin.
abstract: The mouse has provided several significant models for hypopigmentation disorders, including the major forms of albinism. Mutations at the mouse underwhite locus confer one of the most severe hypopigmentation phenotypes, similar to mutations at the pink-eyed dilution locus that is a model for type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. A melanocyte cell line established from underwhite mutant mice failed to pigment under conditions that support pigment production in wild-type melanocytes and melanoblasts from underwhite skin graft transplants failed to produce melanin in normal skin, demonstrating that the action of the gene encoded by the underwhite locus is intrinsic to melanocytes. Mice with mutations at the underwhite locus and either the pink-eyed dilution locus or the melanocortin receptor 1 locus exhibited more severe hypopigmentation than either mutation alone, suggesting that the actions of these genes are independent. These results demonstrate that the underwhite locus is a major determinant of mammalian pigmentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lehman
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Silvers
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakamatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Brilliant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D008543:Melanins / Q000032:analysis; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010859:Pigmentation Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D018043:Receptors, Corticotropin / Q000235:genetics; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008543:Melanins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018043:Receptors, Corticotropin; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin; C076239:P protein, mouse