title: The role of chromium(V) in the mechanism of chromate-induced oxidative DNA damage and cancer.
abstract: The role that high valent chromium intermediates play in the oxidative DNA damage produced by the human carcinogen chromate Cr(VI) is of increasing interest for establishing a mechanism of genotoxicity and mutagenicity for this metal. In this review, the authors summarize experimental evidence for the formation of high valent chromium complexes (primarily the +5 oxidation state) and radical species from the reductive metabolism of Cr(VI). A case is made for a direct- or metal-mediated pathway by high valent chromium to initiate oxidative DNA damage, although the role of radical species in this oxidative process cannot be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: The University of Montana, Department of Chemistry, Missoula 59812, USA.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Sugden
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Stearns
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002412:Cations; D002840:Chromates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D002412:Cations; D002840:Chromates; D002857:Chromium; D004247:DNA