title: Use of an EEG-bispectral closed-loop delivery system for administering propofol.
abstract: Closed-loop control of propofol delivery was instituted in three patients who received a propofol infusion as part of: (Case 1) general "balanced" anesthesia, (Case 2) total intravenous anesthesia, and (Case 3) monitored anesthesia care. The bispectral index was the input variable used in a proportioned, integral and differential controller to determine the infusion rate of propofol required to maintain a stable level of hypnosis (Cases 1 and 2) or sedation (Case 3). This feedback control system provided intraoperative hemodynamic stability and a prompt recovery from the sedative-hypnotic effects of propofol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hirosaki School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Giesecke
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects; D017409:Sufentanil
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D017409:Sufentanil; D015742:Propofol