title: Efficacy of candesartan cilexetil alone or in combination with amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in moderate-to-severe hypertension. UK and Israel Candesartan Investigators.
abstract: This multicenter study evaluated the efficacy of candesartan cilexetil, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, used alone or in combination with amlodipine or in combination with amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe essential hypertension. After a 2-week, single-blind, placebo run-in period, patients entered a 12-week, open-label, dose-titration period. The candesartan cilexetil dose was increased from 8 to 16 mg once daily; amlodipine (5 mg once daily), hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg once daily), and additional medication were also added sequentially if necessary. Patients then entered a final 4-week, parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled withdrawal period of candesartan alone. A total of 216 patients were recruited. After a 2-week run-in period on placebo tablets, mean sitting blood pressure (BP) was 175/108 mm Hg. At the end of the 12-week dose-titration/maintenance period, mean sitting BP fell to 141/88 mm Hg. In 67 patients who were randomized to placebo and had their candesartan withdrawn, there was a highly significant increase in mean systolic/diastolic BP (13/6 mm Hg) compared with those patients who continued with candesartan (ANCOVA, P:<0.0001). In conclusion, candesartan cilexetil is an effective BP-lowering drug when used alone or in combination with amlodipine or amlodipine plus hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of moderate-to-severe essential hypertension. The drug was well tolerated throughout the investigation period.
authors.affiliation: Blood Pressure Unit, Department of Medicine, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Viskoper
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Antonios
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013777:Tetrazoles; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D013777:Tetrazoles; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D017311:Amlodipine; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin; C077793:candesartan cilexetil