title: Civil liability, criminal law, and other policies and alcohol-related motor vehicle fatalities in the United States: 1984-1995.
abstract: This study examines the associations between alcohol policies and motor vehicle fatality rates from 1984 to 1995 in the United States. State policies and state characteristics variables were merged with motor vehicle fatality rates over an 11 year period and analyzed using minimum logit chi-square method and fixed effects to create a quasi time-series analysis. Laws allowing individuals to sue bars for the drunken behavior of their patrons were the policies most strongly associated with lower minor and adult fatality rates. The mandatory first offense fine was associated with lower minor fatality rates but not adult fatality rates, while minor and adult rates fell after administrative per se license suspension and anti-consumption laws for all vehicle occupants. Many other public policies evaluated were not associated with lower fatality rates.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Policy, Law and Management, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. kwg@hpolicy.duke.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whetten-Goldstein
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000401:mortality*; D000328:Adult; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication; D002648:Child; D003416:Criminal Law / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal; D014481:United States