title: Extraction and amplification of authentic DNA from ancient human remains.
abstract: A total of 36 ancient human remains from 12 individuals (three tooth/bone samples each) and one sample each of three individuals from the newest time was typed in a blind study using the amelogenin sex test. Prior to this molecular sex determination the sex of the individual was determined morphologically. The success rate of the amelogenin amplifications was >90%. For every individual an unambiguous molecular sex typing result was obtained. Furthermore, the morphological and molecular sex determinations were in accordance with each other, giving evidence for the authenticity and ancient origin of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Legal Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Furstengraben 23, 07743, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bruchhaus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D053523:Amelogenin; D015982:Bias; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018732:Forensic Anthropology / Q000379:methods*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014070:Tooth / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins