title: The use of the anaesthetic, enflurane, for determination of metabolic rates and respiratory parameters in insects, using the ant, Camponotus maculatus (Fabricius) as the model.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of the anaesthetic, enflurane, on metabolic rates and ventilation patterns in the spotted sugar ant, Camponotus maculatus, using flow-through respirometry. The standard metabolic rate was not affected by the anaesthetic. While the ants were anaesthetised they exhibited a similar discontinuous gas exchange cycle to that observed when they were voluntarily motionless, but their spiracles remained open for a longer time during the open or burst phase even though the amount of CO(2) emitted during this phase remained constant. We discuss this finding in the context of the central nervous system control of the spiracle muscle. For both the determination of standard metabolic rate and ventilation patterns the individual ant has to be motionless. From this study we recommend the use of enflurane to ensure immobility in ants, and other small active insects, during the determination of standard metabolic rates, but the anaesthetic cannot be used to quantify the respiration pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, 2193, Parktown, South Africa
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Newton