title: Nitric oxide mediates depressor responses by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarius of cat.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in cardiovascular regulation and sympathetic nerve activity of the central nervous system (CNS). The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) is important to cardiovascular regulation. However, the physiological role of NO in cardiovascular regulation effecting through the NTS remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of NO measured by in vivo voltammetry on the cardiovascular responses in NTS induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in anesthetized cats. Extracellular NO concentration was monitored through a Nafion- and porphyrin-coated carbon fiber electrode, which has previously been demonstrated sensitive and selective to NO responses. Microinjection of NMDA into NTS elicited a dose-dependent decrease in cardiovascular responses associated with NO release. Following the dose-response curve, a dose of 3 nmol of NMDA was selected. Microinjection of NMDA into NTS produced depressor responses and NO release. These responses in NTS to NMDA were attenuated by pretreatment with a competitive antagonist, 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoat (AP-5, 1 nmol), and methylene blue (MB, 1 nmol), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. These results suggest that NO is formed from NMDA activation in NTS and that NO diffuses out of neurons into the nearby target neurons to produce depressor response and NO release through cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) formation. In conclusion, NO mediates depressor response consequent to activation of NMDA receptors in neurons of NTS.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate