title: Formation of propentdyopents and biliverdin, oxidized metabolites of bilirubin, in infants receiving oxygen therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bilirubin has antioxidative effects. When bilirubin reacts with reactive oxygen species, oxidized metabolites of bilirubin are formed, such as biliverdin and propentdyopents. A decrease in serum bilirubin concentration and an increase in serum and urinary oxidized metabolites of bilirubin may indicate the protective action of bilirubin against reactive oxygen species.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the in vitro study, we measured the oxidative products of bilirubin formed through the action of O2- by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, either as free bilirubin or bilirubin-human serum albumin complex. In the clinical investigation, serum concentrations of (ZZ)-bilirubin (4Z, 15Z-bilirubin), the subfraction and biliverdin, and urinary propentdyopent absorption, were measured in blood and urine samples, respectively, collected from 30 5-day-old neonates with birth weights of 1500-3624 g who had been hospitalized at the Ehime Prefectural Hospital and who had not undergone phototherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the in vitro study, a significant formation of propentdyopents was observed in aqueous solution. A statistically significant correlation was found between serum (ZZ)-bilirubin concentration and serum biliverdin concentration (r = 0.82, P < 0.0001), but not between serum (ZZ)-bilirubin concentration and urinary propentdyopent absorption. Serum (ZZ)- and serum (ZE)-bilirubin and biliverdin concentrations, and urinary propentdyopent absorption were compared between the groups with and without oxygen therapy. No significant differences were found in serum (ZZ)-bilirubin, serum (ZE)-bilirubin and biliverdin concentration, urinary propentdyopent absorption, serum biliverdin/serum (ZZ)-bilirubin, or urinary propentdyopent absorption/serum (ZZ)-bilirubin. Neither a decrease in serum bilirubin concentration nor an increase in serum biliverdin concentration and urinary propentdyopent absorption after oxygen therapy were demonstrated in the present study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the in vitro study, we demonstrated for the first time that propentdyopents were produced from (ZZ)-bilirubin by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system but biliverdin was not. In the in vivo study, serum biliverdin concentration and urinary propentdyopent absorption seem to have a different relationship to serum (ZZ)-bilirubin concentration in sick and early neonates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kagawa Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunikata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onishi
mesh_terms: D001663:Bilirubin / Q000378:metabolism*; D001664:Biliverdine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006932:Hyperbilirubinemia / Q000628:therapy*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019820:Xanthine / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D001664:Biliverdine; D001663:Bilirubin