Stimulatory effect of oral administration of green tea or caffeine on ultraviolet light-induced increases in epidermal wild-type p53, p21(WAF1/CIP1), and apoptotic sunburn cells in SKH-1 mice.
Pretreatment of SKH-1 mice with p.o.-administered 0.6% green tea (6 mg of lyophilized tea solids/ml) or 0.044% caffeine (0.44 mg/ml; concentration present in 0.6% green tea) for 2 weeks enhanced UV-induced increases in the number of p53-positive cells, p21(WAF1/CIP1)-positive cells, and apoptotic sunburn cells in the epidermis. These effects of p.o.-administered green tea or caffeine on early adaptive responses to UV provide the first demonstration of in vivo up-regulation of a tumor suppressor gene by a chemopreventive agent. The stimulatory effect of green tea and caffeine on UV-induced increases in the number of p53-positive cells, p21(WAF1/CIP1)-positive cells, and apoptotic sunburn cells may play a role in the inhibitory effects of tea and caffeine on UV-induced carcinogenesis.
Lu
Y P
YP
Department of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-8020, USA.
Lou
Y R
YR
Li
X H
XH
Xie
J G
JG
Brash
D
D
Huang
M T
MT
Conney
A H
AH
D000220:Adaptation, Biological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013471:Sunburn / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013662:Tea; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D013662:Tea; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D002110:Caffeine; D004247:DNA; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine