title: The combgap locus encodes a zinc-finger protein that regulates cubitus interruptus during limb development in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: The combgap locus, first described by C. B. Bridges in 1925, is a gene required for proper anteroposterior pattern formation in the limbs of Drosophila melanogaster. The development of the anteroposterior axis of fly limbs is initiated by hedgehog signaling from cells of the posterior half to cells of the anterior half of the limb primordium. Hedgehog signaling requires the anterior-specific expression of the gene cubitus interruptus to establish posterior-specific hedgehog secretion and anterior-specific competence to respond to hedgehog. We have cloned combgap and find that it encodes a chromosomal protein with 11 C(2)H(2) zinc fingers. Limb defects found in combgap mutants consist of either loss or duplication of pattern elements in the anteroposterior axis and can be explained through the inappropriate expression of cubitus interruptus and its downstream target genes. In combgap mutants, cubitus interruptus is ectopically expressed in the posterior compartments of wing imaginal discs and is downregulated in the anterior compartment of legs, wings and antennae. We are able to rescue anterior compartment combgap phenotypes by expressing additional cubitus interruptus using the Gal4/UAS system. Dominant alleles of cubitus interruptus, which result in posterior expression, phenocopy combgap posterior compartment phenotypes. Finally, we find that the combgap protein binds to polytene chromosomes at many sites including the cubitus interruptus locus, suggesting that it could be a direct regulator of cubitus interruptus transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Genes and Development Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kyba
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017344:Genes, Insect; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000196:embryology; D016335:Zinc Fingers / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C416218:cg protein, Drosophila; C092937:ci protein, Drosophila