Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the pyrethroid permethrin.
Permethrin is a predominant pyrethroid widely used in agriculture and public health. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of permethrin was developed. Two haptens, the trans- and cis-isomers of 3-(4-aminophenoxy)benzyl-3-(2, 2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, were synthesized and conjugated with thyroglobulin as immunogens. Four antisera were generated and screened against six different coating antigens. The resulting ELISA has an I(50) value of 2.50 microg/L and relatively low cross-reactivities with other major pyrethroids, such as esfenvalerate, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and cyfluthrin. Methanol was found to be the best solvent for this ELISA, with optimal sensitivity observed at a concentration of 40% (v/v). The assay parameters are unchanged at pH values between 5.0 and 8.0, whereas higher ionic strengths (>0.2 M PBS) strongly suppress the absorbances. River water samples fortified with permethrin were analyzed according to this method and validated by GC-MS. Good recoveries and correlation with spike levels were observed, suggesting this immunoassay is valuable for environmental monitoring and toxicological studies at parts per trillion levels of permethrin.
Shan
G
G
Department of Entomology and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Leeman
W R
WR
Stoutamire
D W
DW
Gee
S J
SJ
Chang
D P
DP
Hammock
B D
BD
D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D026023:Permethrin; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D026023:Permethrin