title: Drug-induced apoptosis by anti-microtubule agent, estramustine phosphate on human malignant glioma cell line, U87MG; in vitro study.
abstract: The drug effect of estramustine phosphate (EMP), an anti-microtubule agent on human glioma cells has been studied with the focus being mainly its cytotoxity or its targeting of organelles. However, the pharmacological knowledge of estramustine with respect to its cytotoxity and mechanism is limited. To acquire such knowledge, the present study investigates the ability of EMP to induce apoptosis in a human malignant glioma cell line. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were examined to monitor periodic changes. Agarose gel electrophoresis was also examined. Cellular DNA fragmentation ELISA was performed to investigate the DNA fragmentation rates and an MTT assay was studied to evaluate the ID50. A TEM study revealed condensing and fragmentation of the chromatin. Laddering of the bands was observed in all EMP exposure groups in agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA fragmentation in all EMP groups began at 0.5 h following an exposure with EMP and increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner as revealed by DNA ELISA fragmentation. ID50 at 24 h was 5.0 microM according to the MTT assay, a value close to 4.8 microM of ID50 was revealed by the DNA fragmentation assay. None of the above mentioned changes was observed in the control group. These results indicated that EMP caused a drug-induced apoptosis in the human malignant glioma cell line, U87MG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teramoto
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004961:Estramustine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects; D015388:Organelles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004961:Estramustine