title: Effect of gender on vestibular sympathoexcitation.
abstract: Studies have suggested that premenopausal women are more prone to orthostatic intolerance than men. Additionally, it has been postulated that the vestibulosympathetic reflex is important in regulating postural-related changes in sympathetic activity. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether men and women differ in their sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to stimulation of the otolith organs elicited by head-down rotation (HDR). Heart rate (HR), arterial pressure, calf blood flow (CBF), and leg muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) were measured during 3 min of HDR in the prone posture in 33 women and 30 men. With the exception of HR (71 +/- 2 and 63 +/- 1 beats/min for women and men, respectively; P < 0.01), all baseline variables were not different between genders. There were no gender differences in responses to HDR. MSNA increased 72 +/- 33 units (43%) in the men and 88 +/- 15 units (59%) in the women during HDR (P < 0.01). CBF decreased [-0.6 +/- 0.1 (15%) and -0.5 +/- 0.1 (19%) ml. min(-1). 100 ml(-1)] and calf vascular resistance increased [8 +/- 2 (21%) and 11 +/- 3 (25%) units during HDR for men and women, respectively (P < 0.01)]. Both in the men and women, HR increased 2 +/- 1 beats/min (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that sympathetic activation during HDR in the prone posture is similar in men and women. Therefore, these findings suggest that the vestibulosympathetic reflex is not different between healthy men and women.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Division of Cardiology, General Clinical Research Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA. caray@psu.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation; D010037:Otolithic Membrane / Q000294:innervation*; D011187:Posture; D017697:Premenopause; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance