title: The viral RNA 3'- and 5'-end structure and mRNA transcription of infectious salmon anaemia virus resemble those of influenza viruses.
abstract: The nucleotide sequences of the termini of two of the genomic segments of the negative strand RNA virus infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) were determined. The sequence of the terminal 9 nucleotides at both ends of the viral RNAs was identical, and showed distinctive sequence homology with the conserved terminal sequences found in the orthomyxoviruses. For both ISAV genomic segments a computer-based secondary structure modelling indicated that the terminal 21-24 nucleotides were able to form self-complementary panhandle structures. Comparison with ISAV-derived mRNA sequences showed that ISAV mRNAs have heterogeneous 5'-ends, and are polyadenylated from a signal sequence 13-14 nucleotides downstream of the 5'-end terminus of the vRNA. Furthermore, the in vitro replication of ISAV was hindered by the RNA polymerase II inhibitor alpha-amanitin. These findings indicate that the mechanisms for replication of ISAV are similar to those of the orthomyxoviruses, and add to the previously reported structural similarities between ISAV and the orthomyxoviruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sandvik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rimstad
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mjaaland
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000546:Amanitins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000740:Anemia / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000821:virology; D005399:Fishes; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D012474:Salmon / Q000821:virology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000546:Amanitins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012319:RNA Polymerase II