title: Increased plasma levels of endothelin 1 and von Willebrand factor in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial markers endothelin 1 (ET-1) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia and in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, plasma ET-and vWF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 35 normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia (56+/-5 years), in 21 nondiabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia (52+/-7 years), and in 19 healthy control subjects (45+/-4 years). All of the individuals were normotensive and nonsmokers. Urinary albumin was measured by immunoturbidimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ET-1 levels were higher (P<0.0001) in type 2 diabetic dyslipidemic patients (1.62+/-0.73 pg/ml) than in both nondiabetic hypercholesterolemic patients (0.91+/-0.73 pg/ml) and control subjects (0.69+/-0.25 pg/ml). vWF levels were significantly increased (P = 0.02) in type 2 diabetic (185.49+/-72.1%) and hypercholesterolemic (163.29+/-50.7%) patients compared with control subjects (129.70+/-35.2%). In the multiple linear regression analysis. ET-1 was significantly associated (adjusted r2 = 0.42) with serum triglyceride levels (P<0.001), age (P<0.01), insulin sensitivity index (P<0.02), and albuminuria levels (P<0.04). vWF levels were associated (adjusted r2 = 0.22) with albuminuria (P<0.001), fibrinogen levels (P<0.02), and BMI (P<0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with hypercholesterolemic patients, type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia have increased levels of ET-1 and vWF which may indicate more pronounced endothelial injury. These findings appear to be related to components of the insulin resistance syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Seligman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biolo
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Polanczyk
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clausell
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D014841:von Willebrand Factor