title: Purification and characterization of cytokine-inducing protein of seed extract from Aeginetia indica L., a parasitic plant.
abstract: We have isolated 55 kDa protein from the seed extract of Aeginetia indica L. (AIL), a parasitic plant, by an affinity chromatography on N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-activated Sepharose High Performance column bound F3 monoclonal antibody which neutralizes cytokine-inducing and antitumor effect of AIL. In in vitro model using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the 55 kDa protein (AILb-A) induced multiple cytokines, such as IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-18, and also accelerated killer cell activities of PBMC. When compared with a commonly used immunotherapeutic agent OK-432, AILb-A induced Th1 cytokines are greater than OK-432. Of the Th2 cytokines, the amounts of IL-6 and IL-10 induced by AILb-A were lower than those by OK-432. No significant induction of IL-4 and IL-13 was observed in AILb-A-stimulated PBMC. TNF family including TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, Fas ligand (FasL) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) were suggested to be important for AILb-A-induced killing activity of PBMC by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Furthermore, the neutralizing test using cytokine-specific antibodies demonstrated that IL-18 plays a most significant role for IFN-gamma- and killer cell-inducing ability of AILb-A among the cytokines tested. These findings clearly indicated that AILb-A, a 55 kDa protein of AIL, is a potent Th1 cytokine inducer and may be a useful immunotherapeutic agent for the patients with malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokushima University School of Dentistry, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, 7708504, Tokushima, Japan. mokamoto@dent.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ohe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furuichi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bando
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Himeno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000494:pharmacology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010844:Picibanil / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D007106:Immune Sera; D020382:Interleukin-18; D010940:Plant Proteins; D010844:Picibanil; D020170:Caspase 1