title: EFGP and DsRed expressing cultures of Escherichia coli imaged by confocal, two-photon and fluorescence lifetime microscopy.
abstract: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has become an invaluable marker for monitoring protein localization and gene expression in vivo. Recently a new red fluorescent protein (drFP583 or DsRed), isolated from tropical corals, has been described [Matz, M.V. et al. (1999) Nature Biotech. 17, 969-973]. With emission maxima at 509 and 583 nm respectively, EGFP and DsRed are suited for almost crossover free dual color labeling upon simultaneous excitation. We imaged mixed populations of Escherichia coli expressing either EGFP or DsRed by one-photon confocal and by two-photon microscopy. Both excitation modes proved to be suitable for imaging cells expressing either of the fluorescent proteins. DsRed had an extended maturation time and E. coli expressing this fluorescent protein were significantly smaller than those expressing EGFP. In aging bacterial cultures DsRed appeared to aggregate within the cells, accompanied by a strong reduction in its fluorescence lifetime as determined by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biophysicial Chemistry, High Resolution Optical Microscopy Group, Göttingen, Germany. sjakobs@gwdg.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jakobs
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schönle
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Jovin
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hell
mesh_terms: D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D017785:Photons; D013997:Time Factors; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein