title: Gene expression and serum levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins in a case of non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia.
abstract: We describe a case of non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia (NICTH) associated with a renal cell carcinoma. Serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) (including IGF-II E peptide), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), insulin and C-peptide were measured before and after surgical removal of the tumour. IGFBPs were visualized by Western ligand blotting. Preoperatively 'big' IGF-II and IGFBP-2 levels were raised. IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 were low, while insulin, C-peptide and GH were undetectable. These changes were reversed by 2 days postoperatively. Protease assays showed little IGFBP-3 protease activity preoperatively. Preoperatively, neutral chromatography demonstrated most of the immunoassayable IGFBP-3 in a high molecular weight form with a small amount of IGF-II. Most of the IGF-II and big IGF-II eluted in lower molecular weight forms. Postoperative samples showed a shift in IGF-II which became increasingly associated with IGFBP-3 in both low and high molecular weight complexes. By Northern blotting, expression of all species of IGF-II mRNA in the tumour was 10-fold greater than in normal human liver. The tumour did not express IGFBP-1 or IGFBP-2. IGFBP-3 was expressed in small amounts, while the expression of IGFBP-4 was two-fold higher than in liver. In conclusion, we have confirmed high levels of big IGF-II and IGFBP-2 in NICTH, changes which are reversed postoperatively. The IGF-II is derived from the tumour which overexpresses these genes but IGFBP-2 probably arises from extratumour upregulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Teale
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Quin
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McGregor
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Miell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II