title: Outcomes of screening for diabetes in high-risk Hong Kong Chinese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the significance of individual risk factors on the development of diabetes in subjects who underwent screening for diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,649 Chinese subjects underwent screening for diabetes. They were asymptomatic but had known risk factors for diabetes, including a positive family history of diabetes, a past history of gestational diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia. Another 799 age-matched subjects from the community who had no risk factors for diabetes were used as the comparison group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,649 subjects who underwent screening, 241 (14.6%) had diabetes. In these subjects, 989 (60.0%) had 1 risk factor, 502 (30.4%) had 2 risk factors, 141 (8.6%) had 3 risk factors, and 17 (1.0%) had 4 or 5 risk factors for diabetes. Of the 799 control subjects, 29 (3.6%) had diabetes. Compared with the comparison group, the odds ratio (95% CI) of having diabetes after adjustment for age was 5.2 (3.5-7.7) in the 1,649 subjects with known risk factors. The odds ratio of having diabetes increased from 3.7 in subjects with 1 risk factor to 28.4 in subjects with 4 or 5 risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In men, age, BMI, family history of diabetes, and dyslipidemia, and in women, age, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, total cholesterol, and history of gestational diabetes are associated with increased odds of developing diabetes. These risk factors have additive effects on the odds of having diabetes. Early and regular screening for diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors is essential in these high-risk individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin. gtc_ko@hotmail.com
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cockram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin