title: Medical and surgical treatment of pediatric dysphonia.
abstract: The production of sound for communication is the last of the prime functions of the larynx, yet it is its most salient feature. Pediatric dysphonia may be caused by a variety of general causes. These causes may be classified as infectious, anatomic, congenital, inflammatory, neoplastic, neurologic, and iatrogenic. When a child presents with hoarseness, a complete assessment is necessary. Fine points during the history and physical may help distinguish between those pathologic conditions found in these general categories.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: McMurray
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*