title: Interleukin-6 modulates interferon-regulated gene expression by inducing the ISGF3 gamma gene using CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-beta(C/EBP-beta).
abstract: Although interleukin-6 (IL-6) alone does not induce the expression of IFN stimulated genes (ISG), a low dose priming of cells with IL-6 strongly enhances the cellular responses to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). This effect of IL-6 is not due to superstimulation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Rather, IL-6 induces expression of ISGF3 gamma (p48), a subunit of the multimeric transcription factor ISGF3. As a result IFN-alpha robustly activates gene transcription in IL-6 primed cells. We have shown earlier that the transcription of ISGF3 gamma gene is regulated through a novel element GATE (gamma-IFN activated transcriptional element). We show here IL-6 induces the ISGF3 gamma gene through GATE. Transcription factor C/EBP-beta is required for inducing ISGF3 gamma gene expression through GATE. A mutant C/EBP-beta inhibits the IL-6 inducible ISGF3 gamma gene expression through GATE. Together, these results establish a molecular basis for the synergy between IFNs and IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weihua
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mannino
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Kalvakolanu
mesh_terms: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005809:Genes, Regulator / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000502:physiology*; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494227:IRF9 protein, human; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; D053613:Janus Kinase 1