title: Bypass graft material and myocardial protective procedure in combined coronary artery bypass grafting and valve surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aortic cross clamping time is prone to be longer when coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is combined with valve surgery. Therefore, the myocardium that is revascularized by in-situ internal thoracic artery graft is at risk to ischemia, and, myocardial protection is especially important in such operation. In this study, the effect of myocardial preservation of combined antegrade, retrograde and terminal warm blood cardioplegia during combined valve surgery and CABG using the internal thoracic artery as a bypass conduit was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 1992 to August 1999, 15 patients received combined CABG and valve surgery. Among these 15 patients, 13 patients who did not need hemodialysis were divided into 2 groups, and a comparative study was done. In Group I (n = 5), only the saphenous vein graft was employed for combined CABG and valve surgery, and myocardial protection was done by combined antegrade and terminal warm blood cardioplegia. In Group II (n = 8), at least 1 in-situ internal thoracic artery graft was employed for CABG and valve surgery, and myocardial protection was done by combined antegrade, retrograde and terminal warm blood cardioplegia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite longer aortic cross clamping time in Group II, the peak creatine kinase-MB of Group II was significantly lower. In addition, the postoperative administration of dopamine tended to be less in Group II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocardial protection by combined antegrade, retrograde and terminal warm blood cardioplegia may be an effective adjunct to combined valve surgery and CABG employing the in-situ internal thoracic artery graft.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osako
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013895:Thoracic Arteries / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004298:Dopamine