title: Apolipoprotein A4-1/2 polymorphism and response of serum lipids to dietary cholesterol in humans.
abstract: The response of serum lipids to dietary changes is to some extent an innate characteristic. One candidate genetic factor that may affect the response of serum lipids to a change in cholesterol intake is variation in the apolipoprotein A4 gene, known as the APOA4-1/2 or apoA-IVGln360His polymorphism. However, previous studies showed inconsistent results. We therefore fed 10 men and 23 women with the APOA4-1/1 genotype and 4 men and 13 women with the APOA4-1/2 or -2/2 genotype (carriers of the APOA4-2 allele) two diets high in saturated fat, one containing cholesterol at 12.4 mg/MJ, 136.4 mg/day, and one containing cholesterol at 86.2 mg/MJ, 948.2 mg/day. Each diet was supplied for 29 days in crossover design. The mean response of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol was 0.44 mmol/l (17 mg/dl) in both subjects with the APOA4-1/1 genotype and in subjects with the APOA4-2 allele [95% confidence interval of difference in response, -0.20 to 0.19 mmol/l (-8 to 7 mg/dl)]. The mean response of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was also similar, 0.10 mmol/l (4 mg/dl), in the two APOA-4 genotype groups [95% confidence interval of difference in response, -0.07 to 0.08 mmol/l (-3 to 3 mg/dl)]. Thus, the APOA4-1/2 polymorphism did not affect the response of serum lipids to a change in the intake of cholesterol in this group of healthy Dutch subjects who consumed a background diet high in saturated fat. Knowledge of the APOA4-1/2 polymorphism is probably not a generally applicable tool for the identification of subjects who respond to a change in cholesterol intake.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition and Epidemiology, Wageningen University, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Weggemans
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Zock
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meyboom
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Katan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D020033:Protein Isoforms; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D002784:Cholesterol