title: Up-regulation of genes encoding glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-attached proteins in response to cell wall damage caused by disruption of FKS1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: FKS1 and FKS2 encode alternative catalytic subunits of the glucan synthases that are responsible for synthesis of beta-1,3-glucan in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall. Disruption of FKS1 reduces the glucan content of the cell wall, increases chitin content and activates the expression of CWP1, which encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-dependent cell wall protein. These cellular responses have been regarded as compensating for cell wall damage in order to maintain cell wall integrity. Here, we report the identification, by genome-wide screening, of 22 genes that are transcriptionally up-regulated in fks1delta cells. Among them, five genes were found to encode GPI-attached proteins, three of which are covalently associated with the cell wall. Deletion and replacement analysis of the promoter regions identified Rlm1-binding sequences as being responsible for the up-regulation following disruption of FKS1. Using the rlm1delta tetOp-FKS1 strain, in which the expression of FKS1 can be repressed by doxycycline, we examined the requirement for Rlm1 for the transcriptional up-regulation of these five genes. Three of the five genes were not up-regulated by doxycycline, indicating that Rlm1 mediates their up-regulation when FKS1 is inactivated. The remaining two genes were up-regulated by doxycycline, suggesting that a transcription factor other than Rlm1 is involved in their response to disruption of FKS1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mycology, Nippon Roche Research Center, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yabuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arisawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitada
mesh_terms: D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000235:genetics; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c; D054714:Echinocandins; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D045304:Cytochromes c; D054714:Echinocandins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; C093810:CWP1 protein, S cerevisiae; C014059:CYC1 protein, S cerevisiae; C095725:RLM1 protein, S cerevisiae; C071731:SIN3 protein, S cerevisiae; C091618:FKS1 protein, S cerevisiae; C407735:CRH1 protein, S cerevisiae; C119515:YPS3 protein, S cerevisiae; C000613676:NCW2 protein, S cerevisiae