title: CT of the middiaphyseal femur: cortical bone mineral density and relation to porosity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether computed tomography (CT) can be used to quantify age- and site-related changes in cortical bone mineral density (cBMD) at the middiaphyseal femur and whether cBMD differences are related to intracortical porosity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cortical bone specimens from 163 femurs were studied with CT and microradiography. Femurs were from 77 males and 86 females in a white anthropologic collection covering a broad age spectrum. In each sample, the cBMD was measured in the entire cortical width and in periosteal, midcortical, and endosteal subregions of interest. Age- and site-related changes in cBMD were tested for significance by using a two-way analysis of variance for both sexes. By using linear regression, cBMD was compared with porosity in the entire cortical width and in each subregion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant age-related differences in cBMD (P <.001 in females, P =.008 in males). In addition, cBMD values were significantly different between the three cortical subregions (P <.001 for both sexes), decreasing from the periosteum to the midcortex to the endosteum. The cBMD values were closely related to porosity, and porosity contributed to 71.6% of the variance in cBMD in the overall population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT is effective in the measurement of age- and site-related changes in cBMD. Decreases in cBMD are closely correlated with increased cortical porosity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Experimental Radiology and Synovial Pathology, and Orthopedic Research, Faculty of Medicine, Lariboisière-Saint-Louis, Paris, France. vbousson@free.fr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bousson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bergot
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbot
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parlier-Cuau
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Laval-Jeantet
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Laredo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015519:Bone Density; D002102:Cadaver; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008852:Microradiography; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed