title: Predictors of survival among elders suffering strokes in Taiwan: observation from a nationally representative sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebrovascular disease was the leading cause of death in Taiwan from 1963 to 1982. Deaths due to stroke now rank second only to cancer, with more deaths resulting from strokes than from any other single pathology. It is important to understand stroke prognosis among elderly stroke survivors, with respect to survival and attendant predictive factors, because aged population in Taiwan is growing rapidly. The aim of the present study was to discern factors affecting survival in stroke patients from a nationally representative elderly sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 99 stroke survivors, from a representative national sample of elders aged >/=65 years on December 31, 1988, whose strokes occurred in the period 1989-1993, were followed for mortality until July 1, 1995. Personal data were gathered through home interviews conducted by well-trained community nurses, and mortality data were obtained from the national census office by using identification card numbers. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and the stepwise technique were used to search for important prognostic factors of survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women experienced a higher mortality rate (139.8 per 1000 person-years) than men (126.4 per 1000 person-years), as age-adjusted for World Health Organization world-population figures. Stroke patients who received continuous treatment for diabetes experienced mortality risks similar to those of patients without diabetes and much lower risks than those with discontinuous diabetes treatment. Cognitive impairment was also an independent predictor of survival (relative risk 2.69, P<0.05). In addition, patients with both cognitive and mobility impairments had a 2- to 3-fold greater risk of mortality than those with only a single abnormality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This first report on the various prognostic factors related to survival of elderly stroke patients in Taiwan's Chinese population emphasized the benefit of continuous diabetes treatment in improving survival chances. These stroke patients should also be monitored for cognitive and mobility impairments and undergo rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Public Health, Chung Shan Dental and Medical College, and National Institute of Family Planning, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan.wang21@nhri.org.tw
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000401:mortality; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000401:mortality; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology