title: Ultrasonography for cervical length measurement: agreement between transvaginal and translabial techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess agreement between transvaginal and translabial ultrasonography for measuring cervical length in the second and third trimesters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four obstetric patients at 14-40 weeks' gestation were enrolled. Three images of the cervix were obtained by translabial (3.5-MHz curvilinear transducer) and transvaginal (6.5-MHz endovaginal probe) ultrasonography. The mean cervical length obtained by using each method was used for data analysis. The McNemar chi(2) test was used to assess the difference between techniques in their ability to obtain a measurement. The paired t-test was used to evaluate the differences between the measurements. The mean difference and SD for the differences were used to calculate the limits of agreement. An acceptable difference was defined as less than 0.5 cm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cervical length measurements were obtained in 84 patients (100%) by using the transvaginal technique and in 80 patients (95%) by using the translabial technique (P =.1). Eighty patients had both transvaginal and translabial measurements for comparison. The mean difference in cervical length was 0.37 cm (P <.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0. 21, 0.52). The upper and lower limits of agreement were 1.75 cm (95% CI 1.48, 2.02) and -1.01 cm (95% CI -0.74, -1.28), respectively. The differences between the two measurements were within these limits 95% of the time. These limits of agreement were greater than the acceptable difference of 0.5 cm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginal and translabial techniques should not be used interchangeably for clinical assessment of cervical length because agreement between the methods is not within an acceptable range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatal Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chansky
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012307:Risk Factors; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*