title: Fine needle aspiration cytology of adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum. A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adenocarcinoma arising in the rectovaginal septum is exceedingly rare and is difficult to diagnose by pathologic examination prior to surgery because of the anatomic position of the tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 42-year-old woman presumed to have adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum underwent fine needle aspiration for diagnosis. Although a previously performed biopsy from the posterior vaginal fornix was unsuccessful, fine needle aspiration cytology via the posterior vaginal wall detected adenocarcinoma cells. The cell clusters were composed of cells with enlarged and hyperchromatic nuclei. The nuclei themselves demonstrated round and/or irregular morphologic patterns, with high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios, and often contained an enlarged, round nucleolus and sometimes multiple ones in a single nucleus. Aniso-nucleosis was severe, and the chromatin patterns ranged from coarse to finely granular. The cytoplasm was narrow and lightly stained. Following fine needle aspiration, the patient underwent posterior exenteration on the basis of the cytologic diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fine needle aspiration cytology was useful in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum, and curative exenterative surgery could be then performed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fine needle aspiration cytology of adenocarcinoma at this location.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Saitama Cancer Center, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasamatsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiromizu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*