title: Sudden hemorrhage of the breast caused by breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A rare case of sudden hemorrhage caused by breast cancer is reported. A 71-year-old woman noted bleeding from her left breast. Physical examination of the left breast showed a localized open cavity accompanied by bleeding and coagulation. The patient had no history of breast trauma or anticoagulation therapy. Incisional biopsy followed by histological examination resulted in a diagnosis of granulation tissue with no cancer cells present. Mammography and ultrasonography indicated probable breast cancer. As a result, a second incisional biopsy was performed, which suggested invasive ductal carcinoma without histological skin invasion. A modified radical mastectomy was performed under a diagnosis of stage II breast cancer. Breast cancer with sudden hemorrhage is rare. We review the literature and discuss the cause of this unusual manifestation.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iino
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maemura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morishita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans