title: Clausa, a tomato mutant with a wide range of phenotypic perturbations, displays a cell type-dependent expression of the homeobox gene LeT6/TKn2.
abstract: Class I knox genes play an important role in shoot meristem function and are thus involved in the ordered development of stems, leaves, and reproductive organs. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the expression pattern of these homeobox genes, we studied a spontaneous tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) mutant that phenotypically resembles, though is more extreme than, transgenic plants misexpressing class I knox genes. This mutant was found to carry a recessive allele, denoted clausa:shootyleaf (clau:shl)-a newly identified allele of clausa. Mutant plants exhibited abnormal leaf and flower morphology, epiphyllus inflorescences, fusion of organs, calyx asymmetry, and navel-like fruits. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy revealed that such fruits carried ectopic ovules, various vegetative primordia, as well as "forests" of stalked glandular trichomes. In situ RNA hybridization showed a peculiar expression pattern of the class I knox gene LeT6/TKn2; expression was restricted to the vascular system and palisade layer of mature leaves and to the inner part of ovules integuments. We conclude that CLAUSA regulates various aspects of tomato plant development, at least partly, by rendering the LeT6/TKn2 gene silent in specific tissues during development. Considering the expression pattern of LeT6/TKn2 in the clausa mutant, we suggest that the control over a given homeobox gene is maintained by several different regulatory mechanisms, in a cell type-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Avivi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lev-Yadun
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morozova
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Libs
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grafi
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; C110893:T6 protein, Lycopersicon esculentum