title: Infant hyperacuity for radial deformation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Poor response rates and/or the confounding of motion and offset responses make it difficult to interpret results of previous studies of infant hyperacuity. The aim of the present study was to design a protocol that overcomes these limitations and to investigate the normal maturation of hyperacuity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hyperacuity of 31 healthy term infants aged 4 to 12 months was measured using radial deformation of static circular D4 patterns with a two-alternative, forced-choice, preferential-looking (FPL) protocol and maximum likelihood threshold estimation. FPL grating resolution acuity was assessed on the same visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both hyperacuity and resolution acuity were 1.1 to 1.2 logMAR (12-16 minutes arc) at 4 months of age. Hyperacuity improved rapidly to approximately 0.3 logMAR (2.0 minutes arc) by 9 to 12 months of age. This 0.9 log unit improvement in the hyperacuity still leaves the 12-month-old infant at a level 0.4 log unit poorer than adults' thresholds. Resolution acuity improved more gradually to approximately 0.7 logMAR (5 minutes arc) by 9 to 12 months of age. This 0.4 log unit improvement leaves the 12-month-old infant at a level 0.6 log unit poorer than adults' resolution acuity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperacuity measured via radial deformation thresholds matures very rapidly between 4 and 6 months of age and continues to mature more slowly throughout infancy and into early childhood. The radial deformation protocol may provide a sensitive index for detecting and monitoring abnormalities in spatial vision in cases of infantile esotropia.
authors.affiliation: Retina Foundation SW, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA. ebirch@retinafoundation.org
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Birch
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*