title: Cardiac endothelin system impairs left ventricular function in renin-dependent hypertension via decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) uptake.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the role of the cardiac endothelin (ET) system in compensated hypertensive left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) and after the transition toward LV dysfunction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypertensive transgenic rats overexpressing the Ren2 gene (Ren2 rats) were investigated between the ages of 10 and 30 weeks (Ren2-10 and Ren2-30 groups, respectively) and compared with age-matched normotensive Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (SD-10 and SD-30 groups, respectively). Systolic blood pressure and LV weight were elevated in both Ren2 groups compared with their age-matched SD control groups (P:<0.0001). In Ren2-30 rats, LV end-diastolic pressure increased and -dP/dt(max) decreased compared with the values in SD-30 and Ren2-10 rats (P:<0.05). This was paralleled by an activation of LV mRNA expression of preproET-1 and ET-converting enzyme-1 and ET subtype A (ETA) receptor binding in Ren2-30 compared with Ren2-10 rats (P:<0.001). Cardiac fibrosis was increased and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) reuptake was reduced in Ren2-30 compared with SD-30 and Ren2-10 rats (P:<0.05). Treatment of Ren2 rats with the selective ETA receptor antagonist Lu135252 between 10 and 30 weeks of age did not lower systolic blood pressure, heart weight, or cardiac fibrosis but completely prevented the deterioration of LV end-diastolic pressure and abolished alterations in -dP/dt(max) and SR Ca(2+) reuptake compared with no treatment in Ren2-30 and SD-30 rats (P:<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activation of the cardiac ET system accounts at least in part for the LV dysfunction that gradually develops in LVH. The protective effect of ETA antagonism can be attributed to the improvement of diastolic LV function that is due to normalization of impaired SR Ca(2+) uptake.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Benjamin Franklin Hospital, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rothermund
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hocher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leggewie
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kobetamehl
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Orzechowski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kreutz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D016232:Endothelins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012083:Renin / Q000502:physiology*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D012083:Renin; D002118:Calcium