title: Dual infection with atypical mycobacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing cervical lymphadenopathy in a child.
abstract: The most common presentation of mycobacterial infection encountered in otolaryngological practice is cervical lymphadenitis. We report a child with an unusual cause of cervical lymphadenopathy, i.e. dual tuberculous infections. This had clinical ramifications as, initially Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare was grown in culture and was resistant to standard anti-tuberculous agents, and hence treated with excision of the lymph node. However, the cultures from the excised lymph node grew out Mycobacterium tuberculosis that was sensitive to standard anti-tuberculous drugs. To our knowledge, no such presentation has been reported previously. We also review the literature on cervical lymphadenitis due to atypical mycobacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with particular emphasis on clinical presentation, diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK. ganesan5564@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ganesan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thirlwall
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brewis
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Novelli
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D009333:Neck; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular