title: Laparoscopic management of urachal cysts in adulthood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Managing persistent and symptomatic urachal anomalies requires wide surgical excision. Such intervention is recommended to prevent symptom recurrence and complications, most notably malignant degeneration. However, traditional open excision is associated with significant morbidity and prolonged convalescence. We report our experience with the laparoscopic excision of urachal remnants as a less morbid, minimally invasive surgical alternative.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1993 and December 1999, 4 patients with a mean age of 43.3 years who had a symptomatic urachal cyst underwent laparoscopic radical excision of the urachal remnant. Using 2, 10 mm. and 1 or 2, 5 mm. ports the urachus and medial umbilical ligaments were divided at the umbilicus cephalad to the cyst. The specimen, which included the urachus, cyst and medial umbilical ligaments, was then separated from the bladder dome with or without the bladder cuff and removed intact. We reviewed the perioperative records to assess morbidity, recovery and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 4 procedures were completed successfully. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported at a mean followup of 15 months (range 2 to 24). Mean operative time was 180 minutes (range 150 to 210) and average hospital stay was 2.75 days (range 1 to 4). Pathological evaluation confirmed a benign urachal remnant in each case. All patients resumed normal activity within 2 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To minimize the morbidity of radical excision the laparoscopic management of benign urachal remnants in adulthood is efficacious and our preferred method of management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75235-9110, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cadeddu
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fabrizio
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Schulam
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kavoussi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014496:Urachal Cyst / Q000601:surgery*