title: Production of cloned pigs from in vitro systems.
abstract: Here we describe a procedure for cloning pigs by the use of in vitro culture systems. Four healthy male piglets from two litters were born following nuclear transfer of cultured somatic cells and subsequent embryo transfer. The initiation of five additional pregnancies demonstrates the reproducibility of this procedure. Its important features include extended in vitro culture of fetal cells preceding nuclear transfer, as well as in vitro maturation and activation of oocytes and in vitro embryo culture. The cell culture and nuclear transfer techniques described here should allow the use of genetic modification procedures to produce tissues and organs from cloned pigs with reduced immunogenicity for use in xenotransplantation.
authors.affiliation: Infigen, Inc., 1825 Infinity Drive, DeForest, WI 53532, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Betthauser
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Augenstein
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eilertsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enos
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Golueke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jurgella
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koppang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lesmeister
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mallon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Misica
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfister-Genskow
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Strelchenko
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Voelker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D004247:DNA