title: Human platelet alphaIIbeta3 integrin binding affinity and specificity of SJ874: antiplatelet efficacy versus aspirin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the affinity and specificity of SJ874, a nonpeptide antiplatelet agent for platelet glycoprotein Ilb/IIIa integrin, and to determine the antiplatelet efficacy of SJ874 relative to those of glycoprotein IIbIIIa antagonists and aspirin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Binding affinity and specificity of SJ874 for platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin were determined using integrin-mediated binding and adhesion assays with human cells. Additionally, the antiplatelet efficacy of SJ874 was determined and compared with those of other glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists and aspirin using light-transmittance and laser-scattering aggregometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SJ874 inhibited aggregation of human platelets induced by 10 micromol/l adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with a concentration for half-maximal effect of 0.046 +/- 0.005 micromol/l using light-transmittance aggregometry. Using laser-scattering aggregometry, SJ874 was found to totally inhibit formation both of micro-aggregates and of macro-aggregates induced either by ADP or by epinephrine. In contrast, administration of 325 mg aspirin to normal healthy volunteers attenuated formation of macro-aggregates but not micro-aggregates. SJ874 inhibited binding of [125I]-fibrinogen to activated (by ADP, epinephrine, and arachidonic acid at concentrations of 100 micromol/l each) gel-filtered human platelets with a concentration for half-maximal effect of 0.0012 +/- 0.0005 micromol/l. SJ874 was demonstrated to associate more tightly with resting human platelets than did DMP754 [1] and slightly less tightly than did DMP802 [2]. SJ874 was demonstrated to exhibit a high degree of specificity for platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (alphaIIb/beta3) integrin compared with other known integrins, including alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, and alpha5beta1 (concentration for half-maximal effect > 100 micromol/l).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SJ874 is a potent and specific platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist with high affinity for and tight association with human platelets. These data suggest that SJ874 might have good antiplatelet utility for inhibiting formation both of platelet micro-aggregates and of macro-aggregates of platelets and a long duration of action in humans due to its slow dissociation from human platelets.
authors.affiliation: DuPont Pharmaceuticals Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400, USA. shaker.a.mousa@dupontpharma.com
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bozarth
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Confalone
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; C425006:SJ874; C094734:vitronectin-binding protein, Staphylococcus aureus; D005340:Fibrinogen; D000409:Alanine; D001241:Aspirin; D004837:Epinephrine