title: Association of COOH-terminal-binding protein (CtBP) and MEF2-interacting transcription repressor (MITR) contributes to transcriptional repression of the MEF2 transcription factor.
abstract: The class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) 4, 5, and 7 share a common structural organization, with a carboxyl-terminal catalytic domain and an amino-terminal extension that mediates interactions with members of the myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors. Association of these HDACs with MEF2 factors represses transcription of MEF2 target genes. MEF2-interacting transcription repressor (MITR) shares homology with the amino-terminal extensions of class II HDACs and also acts as a transcriptional repressor, but lacks a histone deacetylase catalytic domain. This suggests that MITR represses transcription by recruiting other corepressors. We show that the amino-terminal regions of MITR and class II HDACs interact with the transcriptional corepressor, COOH-terminal-binding protein (CtBP), through a CtBP-binding motif (P-X-D-L-R) conserved in MITR and HDACs 4, 5, and 7. Mutation of this sequence in MITR abolishes interaction with CtBP and impairs, but does not eliminate, the ability of MITR to inhibit MEF2-dependent transcription. The residual repressive activity of MITR mutants that fail to bind CtBP can be attributed to association with other HDAC family members. These findings reveal CtBP-dependent and -independent mechanisms for transcriptional repression by MITR and show that MITR represses MEF2 activity through recruitment of multicomponent corepressor complexes that include CtBP and HDACs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9148, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: McKinsey
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Olson
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C096794:C-terminal binding protein; C486545:Hdac9 protein, mouse; D006655:Histone Deacetylases