title: Delay times and management of acute myocardial infarction in indigenous and non-indigenous people in the Northern Territory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate differences in presentation and management of Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of hospital medical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  122 patients with definite or possible AMI admitted to hospitals in the Top End of the Northern Territory (NT) in 1996.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentage receiving thrombolytic therapy; delays from symptom onset to primary and emergency department presentations, first and diagnostic electrocardiograms, thrombolytic therapy and aspirin; drugs prescribed during hospitalisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thrombolytic therapy was given to 12/41 Indigenous patients (29%) and 38/81 non-Indigenous patients (47%) (P = 0.06). Presentation delay over 12 hours was the reason for not giving thrombolytic therapy for 14/29 Indigenous patients (48%) and 8/43 non-Indigenous patients (19%) (P < 0.01). Median delay times were longer for Indigenous patients for all six categories of delay, although the difference was significant only for delay to emergency department presentation (10:00 versus 3:26 hours; P < 0.01) and to diagnostic electrocardiogram (8:10 versus 3:50 hours; P < 0.01). Delays were also longer for patients from rural compared with urban areas. Once diagnosed, Indigenous patients were as likely as non-Indigenous patients to receive aspirin (93% versus 96%) and beta-blockers (70% versus 69%) and more likely to receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (60% versus 40%; P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delays in presentation affect Indigenous people living in rural and urban areas as well as non-Indigenous people living in rural areas. Concerted efforts are needed to improve health service access in rural areas and to encourage Indigenous people with persistent chest pain to present earlier.
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne, VIC.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Weeramanthri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology*; D015876:Northern Territory / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000095283:Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples