title: Effect of amlodipine on the progression of atherosclerosis and the occurrence of clinical events. PREVENT Investigators.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The results of angiographic studies have suggested that calcium channel-blocking agents may prevent new coronary lesion formation, the progression of minimal lesions, or both.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Vascular Effects of Norvasc Trial (PREVENT) was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical trial designed to test whether amlodipine would slow the progression of early coronary atherosclerosis in 825 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease. The primary outcome was the average 36-month angiographic change in mean minimal diameters of segments with a baseline diameter stenosis of 30%. A secondary hypothesis was whether amlodipine would reduce the rate of atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries as assessed with B-mode ultrasonography, which measured intimal-medial thicknesses (IMT). The rates of clinical events were also monitored. The placebo and amlodipine groups had nearly identical average 36-month reductions in the minimal diameter: 0.084 versus 0.095 mm, respectively (P:=0.38). In contrast, amlodipine had a significant effect in slowing the 36-month progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis: the placebo group experienced a 0.033-mm increase in IMT, whereas there was a 0. 0126-mm decrease in the amlodipine group (P:=0.007). There was no treatment difference in the rates of all-cause mortality or major cardiovascular events, although amlodipine use was associated with fewer cases of unstable angina and coronary revascularization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amlodipine has no demonstrable effect on angiographic progression of coronary atherosclerosis or the risk of major cardiovascular events but is associated with fewer hospitalizations for unstable angina and revascularization.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0366, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Byington
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Furberg
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hunninghake
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D017311:Amlodipine