title: Endocrine activities of alexamorelin (Ala-His-d-2-methyl-Trp-Ala-Trp-d-Phe-Lys-NH2), a synthetic GH secretagogue, in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peptidyl and non-peptidyl synthetic GH secretagogues (GHS) possess significant GH-, prolactin (PRL)- and ACTH/cortisol-releasing activity after i.v. and even p.o. administration, acting via specific hypothalamo-pituitary receptors in both animals and humans. The hexapeptide hexarelin (HEX) is a paradigmatic GHS whose activities have been widely studied in humans. The heptapeptide Ala-His-d-2-methyl-Trp-Ala-Trp-d-Phe-Lys-NH(2) (alexamorelin, ALEX) is a new synthetic molecule which inhibits GHS binding in vitro, but its endocrine activity has never been studied in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  In six young adults we studied the effects of 1.0 and 2.0 microgram/kg i.v. ALEX or HEX on GH, PRL, ACTH, cortisol and aldosterone levels and those of 20mg p.o. ( approximately 300 microgram/kg) on GH levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Basal GH, PRL, ACTH, cortisol and aldosterone levels in all testing sessions were similar. ALEX and HEX (1.0 and 2.0 microgram/kg i.v.) induced the same dose-dependent increase of GH and PRL levels. Both ALEX and HEX induced a dose-dependent increase of ACTH and cortisol levels. The ACTH and cortisol responses to the highest ALEX dose were significantly higher than those after HEX. Aldosterone levels significantly increased after both i.v. ALEX doses, but not after HEX. The GH response to 20mg p.o. ALEX was higher, though not significantly, than that to the same HEX dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALEX, a new GHS, shows the same GH-releasing activity as HEX. On the other hand, ALEX seems endowed with an ACTH-releasing activity more marked than that of HEX; this evidence could explain the significant increase of aldosterone levels after its i.v. administration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Broglio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gottero
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muccioli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deghenghi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghigo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arvat
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D019540:Area Under Curve; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; C414605:alexamorelin; C086184:hexarelin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D000450:Aldosterone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone