title: Voiding dysfunction and Parkinson's disease: urodynamic abnormalities and urinary symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated bladder dysfunction and Parkinson's disease in regard to disease severity and determined whether subjective patient urinary symptoms correlated with urodynamic abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed bladder dysfunction in 70 patients with Parkinson's disease and urinary symptoms using the International Prostate Symptom Score and urodynamic tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urodynamic evaluation revealed detrusor hyperreflexia in 47 patients (67%), hyporeflexia or areflexia in 11 (16%), hyperreflexia with impaired contractile function in 6 (9%), hyperreflexia with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in 2 (3%) and normal function in 4 (6%). The incidence of urodynamic abnormalities appeared to increase with disease severity. However, the only urodynamic parameter that correlated with disease severity was post-void residual urine volume. On the other hand, symptom index scores increased with disease severity. The irritative symptom score correlated with maximum cystometric capacity and volume at initial desire to void, whereas the obstructive symptom score correlated with post-void residual urine volume. Also, irritative and obstructive scores were good predictors of overactivity during the storage and underactivity at the voiding phases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder function may deteriorate progressively with advancing disease. Symptom scores are fairly accurate for predicting likely urodynamic abnormalities. Our results imply that quantifying subjective urinary symptoms is useful for estimating the severity and type of bladder dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology and Neurology, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics