Manifestation of superfluidity in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensed gas.
We study the generation of excitations due to an "impurity" (static perturbation) placed into an oscillating Bose-Einstein condensed gas in the time-dependent trapping field. It is shown that there are two regions for the position of the local perturbation. In the first region the condensate flows around the impurity without generation of excitations demonstrating superfluid properties. In the second region the creation of excitations occurs, at least within a limited time interval, revealing destruction of superfluidity. The phenomenon can be studied by measuring the damping of condensate oscillations at different positions of the impurity.
Kagan
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Y
RRC Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Square 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
Maksimov
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LA