Antiphospholipid syndrome.
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disease characterized by venous and arterial thromboses or spontaneous abortions and the repeated detection of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). APS may be associated with another autoimmune disease (secondary APS), particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or unrelated to an underlying disease (primary APS). APS affects almost all organs. In addition to the clinical criteria, lupus anticoagulant testing and immunological aPL determinations are required to establish the diagnosis of APS.
Gromnica-Ihle
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Medical Center for Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany. gromnica-ihle@berlin.snafu.de
Schössler
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D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology