title: Treatment of external genital warts in men with imiquimod 2% in cream. A placebo-controlled, double-blind study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the safety, clinical efficacy and tolerability of imiquimod (2%) in cream to cure external genital warts in males.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preselected male patients (n=60) ranging between 18 and 50 years of age (mean 24.2) harbouring 558 lesions (mean 9.3) with clinical, histopathological and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection were randomized to two parallel groups. Each patient was allocated a precoded 25g tube, and instructions on how to apply the trial medication to their lesions at home once daily for three consecutive days per week (max. 12 application in 4 weeks). To evaluate the safety, clinical efficacy and tolerance, patients were exa-mined on a weekly basis. Cure was defined as the total elimination of treated warts with PCR, and Southern blot hybridization confirmed negative HPV DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By the end of the treatment, 40% (24/60) patients and 49.8% (278/558) warts were cured. Breaking the code revealed that imiquimod cream had cured 70% (21/30) patients and 86.8% of warts, while placebo healed three subjects and 28 warts (P=0.0001). Eleven patients (18.3%), predominantly in the imiquimod cream group, experienced mild to moderate, non-objective, drug-related side effects with no dropouts. The study was followed up for 18 months from the first day of the treatment, and among the 26 cured patients, one in the imiquimod cream group and two in the placebo had a relapse after 14 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrated that 2% imiquimod in cream with mild non-objective side effects is safe, tolerable and significantly more effective than placebo in curing external genital warts in males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco Box 0989, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hadi
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kwah
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D016207:Cytokines; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D000077271:Imiquimod