title: The chinese herbal medicine formula MSSM-002 suppresses allergic airway hyperreactivity and modulates TH1/TH2 responses in a murine model of allergic asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is a major public health problem worldwide, and the morbidity and mortality of asthma have increased in the past two decades. The reputed efficacy, low cost, and relative absence of side effects of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have led to increasing interest in the use of TCMs for the treatment of asthma in Western countries. However, there are few well-controlled scientific studies on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of TCMs used to treat asthma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of the Chinese herbal medicine formula MSSM-002, derived from TCMs used to treat allergic asthma, on a well-characterized mouse model of allergic asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice sensitized intraperitoneally and challenged intratracheally with conalbumin were treated with MSSM-002 24 hours after the first intratracheal challenge. Dexamethasone-treated, saline solution sham-treated, and naive mice served as controls. The effects of MSSM-002 on allergic airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, antigen-specific antibody production, lung histologic features, and cytokine profiles were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MSSM-002 treatment virtually eliminated airway hyperreactivity and markedly reduced the total number of cells and the percent eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids compared with the sham-treated group. Lung histologic features showed that MSSM-002 reduced inflammation and mucus production. These effects were equivalent to the effects of dexamethasone, but in contrast to the overall immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone MSSM-002 treatment decreased antigen-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels without suppressing IgG2a and IFN-gamma synthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSSM-002 exhibits anti-airway hyperresponsiveness, anti-airway inflammation, and immunoregulatory effects on T(H)1/T(H)2 responses, which may be useful for treatment of allergic asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Teper
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Sampson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000941:Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008806:Mice, Inbred AKR; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D000939:Epitopes