title: Epidermal growth factor receptor efficiently activates mitogen-activated protein kinase in HeLa cells and Hep2 cells conditionally defective in clathrin-dependent endocytosis.
abstract: Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced signaling was investigated in cells conditionally defective in clathrin-dependent endocytosis by overexpression of K44A dynamin in HeLa cells and potassium depletion in Hep2 cells. Overexpression of mutant dynamin disrupts high-affinity EGF-EGF receptor (EGFR) interaction (T. Ringerike, E. Stang, L. E. Johannessen, D. Sandnes, F. O. Levy, and I. H. Madshus, 1998, J. Biol. Chem. 273, 16639-16642). However, the EGFR substrates Shc and c-Cbl were as efficiently tyrosine phosphorylated in endocytosis-deficient HeLa cells exhibiting only low-affinity EGFRs as in HeLa cells with intact endocytosis and with both high- and low-affinity EGFRs. Both Raf and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were activated to the same extent and with the same kinetics. HeLa cells distributed equally in the cell cycle regardless of EGFR internalization. Upon potassium depletion of Hep2 cells, EGF-induced EGFR endocytosis was inhibited. However, the EGFR and MAPK were efficiently activated by EGF in both the absence and the presence of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The EGFR was weakly tyrosine phosphorylated by potassium depletion even in the absence of EGF, and this activation resulted in detectable activation of MAPK. Our results demonstrate that internalization of EGFR by clathrin-dependent endocytosis is not required for activation of MAPK.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Oslo, N-0027, Norway.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Johannessen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ringerike
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molnes
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Madshus
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D002966:Clathrin / Q000378:metabolism; D034281:Dynamins; D004705:Endocytosis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002966:Clathrin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D034281:Dynamins; D011188:Potassium