title: Polymorphisms in candidate genes and risk of scarring trachoma in a Chlamydia trachomatis--endemic population.
abstract: Genes involved in regulating antimicrobial immunity and inflammation may modulate the risk of tissue scarring and fibrosis in chlamydial diseases such as trachoma. By use of a large case-control study of scarring trachoma in The Gambia, the importance of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in several candidate genes was investigated. Overall, no significant differences were found between patients and control subjects in genotype frequencies for polymorphisms in cytokine promoters interleukin (IL)-10 (positions -1082, -819, -592), IL-4 (-590), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (-376) or for codon 57 of the mannose-binding protein. Among the ethnic groups in the study, Mandinkas had the highest frequency of the IL-10-1082G allele (0.36). Within this ethnic group, the IL-10-1082G homozygote genotype was significantly more common among case patients than control subjects (odds ratio, 5.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-24.2; P=.009). This single association is consistent with data indicating that the IL-10-1082G allele is associated with higher levels of IL-10 transcription and that Th2-type immune responses are associated with risk of chlamydial disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mozzato-Chamay
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jallow
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mabey
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Conway
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics*; D037222:Collectins; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D014141:Trachoma / Q000209:etiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D037222:Collectins; D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4