title: A pharmacoeconomic evaluation of botulinum toxin in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis.
abstract: We performed a prospective study in 21 patients to evaluate the cost of treatment of spasmodic torticollis (cervical dystonia) before and after botulinum toxin type A (BTA) treatment and to assess the impact of BTA treatment on quality of life. Data were recorded for the analysis over a period starting 8 months before and ending 7.2 +/- 0.2 months (mean +/- SEM) after the first injection of BTA. All patients received at least two BTA injections (2.9 +/- 0.2 injections per patient). We studied direct medical costs (drugs, outpatient and inpatient visits, diagnostic procedures, physiotherapy), clinical effects of BTA (clinical rating scale and patient's global assessment), quality of life (French version of the Nottingham Health Profile [NHP]), and adverse reactions. Costs associated with the treatment of spasmodic torticollis before the first BTA injection were 479 +/- 143 French Francs (FF)/patient/month (97 +/- 29 US $/pt/mo). During BTA treatment, costs were 1,126 +/- 147 FF/pt/mo (228 +/- 30 US $/pt/mo), including a mean cost of BTA of 771 +/- 131 FF/pt/mo (157 +/- 27 US $/pt/mo). Treatment with BTA significantly decreased clinical symptoms of spasmodic torticollis and improved the emotional, social, and pain-related domains of the quality of life assessment. Botulinum toxin type A treatment increases the cost of treating spasmodic torticollis but improves quality of life in terms of pain, social, and psychologic functioning in patients with spasmodic torticollis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de Pharmacovigilance, de Pharmacoépidémiologie et d'Informations sur le Médicament, Faculty of Medicine, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brefel-Courbon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simonetta-Moreau
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moré
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rascol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clanet
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Montastruc
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lapeyre-Mestre
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D014103:Torticollis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics*
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins