title: The use of pHluorins for optical measurements of presynaptic activity.
abstract: Genetically encoded reporters for optical measurements of presynaptic activity hold significant promise for measurements of neurotransmission within intact or semi-intact neuronal networks. We have characterized pH-sensitive green fluorescent protein-based sensors (pHluorins) of synaptic vesicle cycling at nerve terminals. pHluorins have a pK approximately 7.1, which make them ideal for tracking synaptic vesicle lumen pH upon cycling through the plasma membrane during action potentials. A theoretical analysis of the expected signals using this approach and guidelines for future reporter development are provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, The Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sankaranarayanan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Angelis
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D004705:Endocytosis; D005089:Exocytosis; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins