Animal models of spinal muscular atrophy.
Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the second most common autosomal recessive inherited disorder in humans. It is the most common genetic cause of infant mortality. As yet, there is no cure for this neuromuscular disorder which affects the lower motor neurons and proximal muscles of the limbs and trunk. In the last decade, significant advances have been made in understanding this disease, from linkage analysis to isolating the defective gene and identifying its protein product. This review summarizes the most recent advance in SMA research: the development of animal models of the disease, in particular mouse models of SMA. The SMA mice that we describe here present with symptoms similar to those seen in SMA patients. They promise to further the understanding of the molecular basis of this disease and demonstrate the feasibility of using the intact SMN2 gene, found in all SMA patients, as a means of treating this disorder.
Monani
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Department of Neurology, Means Hall, 1654 Upham Drive, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Coovert
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Burghes
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D000818:Animals; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005544:Forecasting; D020440:Gene Duplication; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins; D055540:Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein
D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins; C526477:SMN2 protein, human; D055540:Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein