title: Ca2+-dependent desensitization of AMPA receptors.
abstract: The effect of changes in the external concentrations (0.4-10 mM) of Ca2+ ions on AMPA receptors (AMPARs) of different subunit composition was studied on freshly isolated rat brain neurones. Ca2+ produces rapid and reversible voltage-independent inhibition of AMPARs. Ca2+-permeable and Ca2+-impermeable AMPARs are equally sensitive to external Ca2+ suggesting that the effect is not addressed to the ion channel. The inhibition of responses evoked by AMPA is significantly larger than those evoked by kainate or glutamate. Cyclothiazide and aniracetam, which are known to prevent AMPAR desensitization, both greatly diminish inhibition of AMPARs by Ca2+. Cyclothiazide is more potent than aniracetam in both preventing of AMPAR desensitization and protecting against the Ca2+ inhibitory effect on hippocampal pyramidal cells. On giant cholinergic interneurones of striatum, aniracetam but not cyclothiazide significantly prevents inhibition by Ca2+. This agrees with available data on relative abundance of flip and flop splice variants in these cell types. The results suggest that Ca2+ may allosterically increase AMPA receptor desensitization independently on subunit composition and splice variants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, St Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Buldakova
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Bolshakov
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Tikhonov
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Magazanik
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001581:Benzothiadiazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001581:Benzothiadiazines; C110702:IEM 1460; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C036466:aniracetam; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2; C004639:cyclothiazide; D000218:Adamantane; D007608:Kainic Acid; D002118:Calcium