Comparison between short-term food restriction and exercise on whole body glucose disposal in high-fat rats.
High-fat diets induce whole-body insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare effect of two interventions: 3-day food restriction (66% of ad libitum fed) and 3-day exercise training (voluntary running wheels), on decreased insulin-mediated whole body glucose uptake in high-fat fed rats (5 mo old) using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp procedure. The control group was maintained on rat chow alone. After high-fat feeding for 2 wk, insulin-stimulated whole body glucose utilization was significantly decreased by 26%. The exercise training was more effective than food restriction in lowering plasma concentrations of insulin and triacylglycerol and tissue concentrations of triacylglycerol in soleus muscles. Diminished whole-body glucose uptake resulting from high-fat feeding was reversed completely by exercise training, but only partially by food restriction. The time course of starvation on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was also observed in high-fat fed rats. Although the extension of starvation time to 48 h resulted in decreased plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol concentrations, whole body glucose uptake did not increase further. These findings suggest that short-term exercise has a higher restorative effect on insulin sensitivity in high-fat fed rats than food restriction, in spite of the same loss in body weight, presumably due in part to improved local lipid availability.
Sakamoto
S
S
Department of Nutrition, University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Japan.
Muto
T
T
Yokota
M
M
Ishimura
N
N
Niwa
Y
Y
Harada
N
N
Okada
K
K
Nakaya
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005508:Food Deprivation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005947:Glucose