title: Influence of chronic barbiturate administration on sleep apnea after hypersomnia presentation: case study.
abstract: When sleepiness is excessive, undesirable, inappropriate or unexplained, it often indicates a clinical disorder that is generically termed hypersomnia. One of the leading causes of hypersomnia is sleep apnea. We present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a history of bipolar spectrum disorder and epilepsy who initially showed evidence of hypersomnia. The hypersomnia settled with changes to her medication, but the patient was subsequently found to have severe obstructive sleep apnea. The relation between the patient's medication and sleep apnea is discussed, and the possible respiratory-suppressant effects of chronic barbiturate treatment are considered. The role of other evoking factors within the context of this case and the mechanisms by which drug interactions and psychotropic treatment may worsen, obscure or perpetuate sleep apnea are also examined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario. jatinder.Takhar@lhsc.on.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takhar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D012640:Seizures / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014635:Valproic Acid; D010672:Phenytoin