title: Tuberculosis exposure in a day-care center: recommended management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article describes the contact investigation, clinical evaluation, and prophylactic treatment of the children and staff members in a day-care center after exposure to a teaching assistant with tuberculosis (TB).
  
  
  METHODS
  The investigation included baseline and follow-up tuberculin skin testing, history and physical examinations, and chest radiographs. Directly observed prophylactic therapy with isoniazid was recommended for all exposed children with a negative evaluation and all children with positive skin test reactions and normal chest radiographs. Treatment was discontinued in children with negative skin test results at follow-up. Adult staff members were screened with baseline and follow-up skin tests and were referred for chest radiographs if skin test reactions were positive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 3 of the 141 exposed children and 3 of the 41 adult staff members, tuberculin skin tests yielded positive results. No active TB disease was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isoniazid prophylaxis, administered by directly observed prophylactic therapy in the children, was effectively administered and tolerated in the day-care setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002656:Child Day Care Centers; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016358:Contact Tracing; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008403:Mass Screening; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010808:Physical Examination; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid