title: The effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor on the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis in vitro in female rats.
abstract: Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a member of the neuropoietic family of cytokines. CNTF exerts its actions through activation of a receptor complex, which shows similarity of sequence, second messenger systems and distribution to the leptin receptor. Leptin has been demonstrated to exert profound effects on the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis. This study examines the in vitro effects of CNTF on hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone release (LHRH) and pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) release compared to those of leptin in the female. We report that CNTF stimulates LHRH release from medial basal hypothalamic explants harvested from proestrous female rats and this effect is of similar magnitude to that seen with leptin. In contrast, CNTF suppresses LHRH-stimulated LH release from dispersed anterior pituitary cells harvested from proestrous female rats but has no effect on basal LH release. Leptin stimulates basal LH release but has no effect on LHRH-stimulated LH release. The suppressive effect of CNTF on LHRH-stimulated LH release has been confirmed in perifused anterior hemipituitaries. These results suggest a differential effect of CNTF on the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis and a possible role in the modulation of pituitary gonadal function.
authors.affiliation: ICSM Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London and Department of Neurology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghatei
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000187:drug effects*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020738:Leptin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D020738:Leptin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone