Live or let die - retinal ganglion cell death and survival during development and in the lesioned adult CNS.
Programmed cell death or apoptosis is a common and widespread phenomenon that is important for proper development of the nervous system. In the adult CNS, however, apoptosis contributes to secondary cell loss after various types of lesions. The retino-tectal system has been successfully used as a convenient model system to study the molecular mechanisms of neuronal apoptosis and survival during development and in the lesioned adult CNS. This review describes the current knowledge about the interactions of cell death and survival pathways in general and for retinal ganglion cells specifically.
Bähr
M
M
Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany.
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D053477:Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020169:Caspases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002642:Chick Embryo; D019254:Genes, bcl-2; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein
C506592:APAF1 protein, human; C506593:Apaf1 protein, mouse; D053477:Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1; C494819:BAD protein, human; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; C494820:Bad protein, mouse; C494812:Bcl2l1 protein, mouse; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D020169:Caspases