title: Requirements for cell cycle arrest by p16INK4a.
abstract: Analysis of tumor-derived mutations has led to the suggestion that p16INK4a, cyclin D1, cdk4, and the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) are components of a regulatory pathway that is inactivated in most tumor cells. Cell cycle arrest induced by p16INK4a, an inhibitor of cyclin D-dependent kinases, requires pRB, and it has been proposed that this G1 arrest is mediated by pRB-E2F repressor complexes. By comparing the properties of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts specifically lacking pRB-family members, we find that pRB is insufficient for a p16INK4a-induced arrest. In addition to pRB, a second function provided by either p107 or p130, two pRB-related proteins, is required for p16INK4a to block DNA synthesis. We infer that p16INK4a-induced arrest is not mediated exclusively by pRB, but depends on the nonredundant functions of at least two pRB-family members.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown 02129, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Hurford
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Classon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dyson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D050720:Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107; D050717:Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p130; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C489485:Rbl1 protein, mouse; C493838:Rbl2 protein, mouse; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D050720:Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107; D050717:Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p130; C495902:Cdk4 protein, mouse; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases