title: Antioxidant profile and early outcome in stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experimental studies provide evidence of an association between ischemic stroke and increased oxidative stress, but data in humans are still limited and controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of plasma antioxidant changes in ischemic stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma antioxidants, including water-soluble (vitamin C and uric acid) and lipid-soluble (vitamins A and E) compounds as well as antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase) and erythrocytes (SOD), were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (antioxidant vitamins) and by spectrophotometry (antioxidant enzymes) in 38 subjects (25 men and 13 women aged 77.2+/-7.9 years) with acute ischemic stroke of recent onset (<24 hours) on admission, after 6 and 24 hours, and on days 3, 5, and 7. Antioxidant levels in patients on admission were compared with those of age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean antioxidant levels and activities in patients on admission were lower than those of controls and showed a gradual increase over time. Patients with the worst early outcome (death or functional decline) had higher vitamin A and uric acid plasma levels and lower vitamin C levels and erythrocyte SOD activity than those who remained functionally stable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the majority of antioxidants are reduced immediately after an acute ischemic stroke, possibly as a consequence of increased oxidative stress. A specific antioxidant profile is associated with a poor early outcome.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Perugia University Hospital and Medical School, Italy. geriat@unipg.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cherubini
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Polidori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bregnocchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pezzuto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchetti
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ingegni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: di Iorio
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Senin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mecocci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018450:Disease Progression; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D014527:Uric Acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid