Two double-blinded, randomized, comparative trials of 4 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope vaccines in HIV-1-infected individuals across a spectrum of disease severity: AIDS Clinical Trials Groups 209 and 214.
The potential role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific immune responses in controlling viral replication in vivo has stimulated interest in enhancing virus-specific immunity by vaccinating infected individuals with HIV-1 or its components. These studies were undertaken to define patient populations most likely to respond to vaccination, with the induction of novel HIV-1-specific cellular immune responses, and to compare the safety and immunogenicity of several candidate recombinant HIV-1 envelope vaccines and adjuvants. New lymphoproliferative responses (LPRs) developed in <30% of vaccine recipients. LPRs were elicited primarily in study participants with a CD4 cell count >350 cells/mm(3) and were usually strain restricted. Responders tended to be more likely than nonresponders to have an undetectable level of HIV-1 RNA at baseline (P=.067). Induction of new cellular immune responses by HIV-1 envelope vaccines is a function of the immunologic stage of disease and baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA level and exhibits considerable vaccine strain specificity.
Schooley
R T
RT
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA. Robert.Schooley@uchsc.edu
Spino
C
C
Kuritzkes
D
D
Walker
B D
BD
Valentine
F A
FA
Hirsch
M S
MS
Cooney
E
E
Friedland
G
G
Kundu
S
S
Merigan
T C
TC
McElrath
M J
MJ
Collier
A
A
Plaeger
S
S
Mitsuyasu
R
R
Kahn
J
J
Haslett
P
P
Uherova
P
P
deGruttola
V
V
Chiu
S
S
Zhang
B
B
Jones
G
G
Bell
D
D
Ketter
N
N
Twadell
T
T
Chernoff
D
D
Rosandich
M
M
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins