title: Ocular fixation to nasal periosteum with a superior oblique tendon in patients with third nerve palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a new surgical approach that uses ocular fixation to the nasal periosteum with superior oblique tendon for patients with complete third nerve palsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of 15 patients with complete third nerve palsy who underwent surgery using a superior oblique tenectomy and ocular fixation to the nasal periosteum with the superior oblique tendon fragment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven (73%) patients achieved good ocular alignment, 1 (7%) patient had a cosmetically acceptable result, and 3 (20%) patients had a cosmetically unacceptable result. Five (30%) patients had preoperative diplopia; all achieved resolution of their double vision in the primary position of gaze after surgery. Two patients without preoperative diplopia did not achieve good alignment and had diplopia postoperatively. Follow-up ranged from 8-41 months (mean: 19 months). No operative complications occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ocular fixation to the nasal periosteum with superior oblique tendon is a safe, effective, and technically undemanding option for the surgical management of patients with complete third nerve palsy.
authors.affiliation: Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, Mexico City.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villaseñor Solares
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Riemann
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Romanelli Zuazo
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Riemann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010521:Periosteum / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods*