title: Clinical presentation of enterocele.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize preoperative signs and symptoms in women with and without enteroceles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred ten women completed preoperative questionnaires and had prolapses graded according to the International Continence Society system. Signs and symptoms in 77 women (25%) with enteroceles confirmed at surgery were compared with those in 233 women without enteroceles. Comparisons were tested for statistical significance with chi(2) tests, Fisher exact tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and analysis of covariance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with enteroceles were statistically significantly older (median 67 versus 59 years, P <.001) and more likely to be postmenopausal (88% versus 76%, P =.04). More women with enteroceles had histories of hysterectomies (76% versus 39%, P =.001) and vaginal prolapse repairs (24% versus 11%, P =.008). Women with enteroceles had more advanced prolapses at points Ap, Bp, and C (all P <.001) but not point D. There were no significant differences in symptoms related to bowel function (infrequent bowel movements, straining, manual evacuation, and fecal incontinence) in women with and without enteroceles. Women with enteroceles were more bothered by symptoms caused by vaginal prolapse than women without enteroceles, but not after we controlled for stage of prolapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with enteroceles have more advanced apical and posterior vaginal prolapses than women without enteroceles, but do not differ from them in bowel function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. queena.chou@sjhc.london.on.ca
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Piedmonte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020047:Rectocele / Q000150:complications; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*