title: Increased caspase 3 and Bax immunoreactivity accompany nuclear GAPDH translocation and neuronal apoptosis in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: In situ end labeling combined with YOYO staining was used to mark apoptotic DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation respectively in human postmortem brain sections. Increased numbers of apoptotic neuronal nuclei were identified in the Parkinson's disease (PD) nigra compared with age-matched controls. Caspase 3 and Bax showed increased immunoreactivity in melanized neurons of the PD nigra compared with controls. Importantly, GAPDH nuclear accumulation was also observed in the PD nigra, suggesting apoptotic rather than necrotic cell death. Interestingly, both Lewy bodies and the intranuclear Marinesco's bodies were GAPDH immunoreactive in the PD brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine/NYU, New York, New York 10029, USA.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Tatton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000502:physiology; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D002843:Chromatin; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases