title: Epicatechin and catechin are O-methylated and glucuronidated in the small intestine.
abstract: There is considerable interest in the bioavailability of polyphenols and their bioactivity in vivo. We have studied the absorption and metabolism of catechin and epicatechin in the small intestine and the comparative transfer across the jejunum and ileum. Perfusion of isolated jejunum with the flavanols resulted in glucuronidation ( approximately 45%), O-methylation: 3'-O-Methyl- and 4'-O-methyl- ( approximately 30%), and O-methyl-glucuronidation ( approximately 20% of total flavanols identified) during transfer across the enterocytes to the serosal side. This demonstrates the activity of catechol-O-methyl transferases in the metabolism of flavanols and suggests that these metabolites and conjugates are likely to enter the portal vein. In contrast, in the case of the ileum, the majority of the flavanols appeared on the serosal side unmetabolised and the total percentage of flavanols transferred was higher than that in the jejunum ( approximately fivefold).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuhnle
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schroeter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Debnam
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Srai
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rice-Evans
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008745:Methylation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D020719:Glucuronides; D002392:Catechin; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase