title: Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in commercial laying-type chickens.
abstract: Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, pleomorphic bacterium that has been isolated from flocks of turkeys and broilers from around the world. Infections cause respiratory disease, mortality, and growth suppression, or clinical signs of infection may be absent. In layers, there have been few reports of disease caused by O. rhinotracheale. This is the first report of O. rhinotracheale infection in United States layer flocks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sprenger
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Halvorson
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spasojevic
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Dutton
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010058:Oviposition; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014422:Turkeys; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology