title: VEGF gene transfer mobilizes endothelial progenitor cells in patients with inoperable coronary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Direct transfection of ischemic myocardium with naked plasmid DNA encoding for vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF165) has been shown to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). This study examined the kinetics of circulating EPCs isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells after gene transfer, and their role in neovascularization of ischemic myocardium.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mononuclear cell population was isolated from peripheral venous blood samples of patients with functional class III or IV angina receiving intramyocardial VEGF165 gene transfer. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were examined by an in vitro EPC culture assay and fluorescent-activated cell sorting. The data were compared with a control group consisting of patients who had undergone off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting without receiving gene transfer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coinciding with a rise in VEGF levels, mobilization of EPCs increased significantly over base line for 9 weeks after the treatment (121+/-14 cells/mm2 versus 36.8+/-8 cells/mm2, p < 0.0005), followed by a subsequent decrease. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting analysis confirmed culture assay data, with a statistically significant rise in cells expressing vascular endothelial-cadherin, CD51/61 [alphavbeta3], CD62E [E-selectin], CD34, and KDR. The control group failed to show significant mobilization of EPCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mobilization of EPCs with resultant postnatal vasculogenesis, may play a role in revascularizing ischemic myocardium following human gene transfer with VEGF165.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kalka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laudenberg
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Isner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asahara
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Symes
mesh_terms: D002469:Cell Separation; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors