title: [Immunomodulation of pain].
abstract: Review of the interacting elements of nociceptive, neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems with a stress on sympathetic innervation of the lymphoid organs. Special attention is given to dysfunctions within the nociceptive, neuroendocrine and immune systems due to: damage to the: 1) afferent fibers; 2) sympatho-adrenal system; 3) structure of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. The role of peripheral immunocytes in the generation of pain, including local cytokines, opioids and CRF is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Katedra i Zakład Anatomii Prawidłowej Akademii Medycznej im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kostarczyk
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009294:Narcotics / Q000378:metabolism; D010146:Pain / Q000276:immunology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D009294:Narcotics