title: Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP): construction, internal consistency and normative data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A thorough revision of the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) was made by reducing the number of items and improving the psychometric quality as concerns face validity, internal consistency and response differentiation. The revised version was labelled The Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP) and now include 91 items divided into 13 scales.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SSP were evaluated in a normative, randomly drawn sample (n = 741). All scales were found to be approximately normally distributed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.59 to 0.84. The mean inter-item correlations (MIIC) ranged from 0.17 to 0.43. The scale intercorrelation matrix yielded a three-factor solution with Factor 1 reflecting Neuroticism; Factor 2 Aggressiveness; and Factor 3 reflecting Extraversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The original KSP scales were revised, shortened, modernized and psychometrically evaluated. The psychometric properties and the usefulness of the test battery were found to be substantially improved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Edman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ekselius
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: von Knorring
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology