title: Pain as a mutual experience for patients, nurses and families: a perspective from Lilongwe, Malawi.
abstract: The data for this study were collected in the Republic of Malawi (formerly Nyasaland), a small country in South Central Africa. Data were collected by registered nurses who were senior students in the first class of registered nurse midwives enrolled in a baccalaureate completion program who had completed a research course taught by the CUNY investigator. Fourteen women participated in the study; all were accompanied by a female relative or friend. Because of cultural norms and taboos, paternal attendance in labor settings rarely occurs and women in labor receive support from mothers, aunts and mothers-in-law. In summary, accurate estimation of patient pain among nurses and families occurred less than 25% of the time.
authors.affiliation: Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College of City University of New York, USA.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Essoka
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Magai
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mbweza
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mtenje
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malava
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalaya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawonga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dzole
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masika
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008295:Malawi; D008297:Male; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D016746:Transcultural Nursing