title: Retrograde axonal transport of BDNF in retinal ganglion cells is blocked by acute IOP elevation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether acute experimental glaucoma in rats obstructs retrograde transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty rats had unilateral injection of either (125)I-BDNF (20 animals) or a mixture of (125)I-BDNF and 100-fold excess nonradiolabeled BDNF (20 animals). In each group of 20 animals, eyes contralateral to injection had either normal intraocular pressure (IOP; 10 animals) or IOP elevated to 25 mm Hg below the systolic blood pressure of the eye (10 animals). In each group of 20 rats, ipsilateral eyes had IOP set at systolic blood pressure (4 eyes), had optic nerve transection (10 eyes), or had normal IOP (6 eyes). Six hours after injection, animals were killed and tissues were fixed, embedded, and sectioned for autoradiography. Grain counts were performed over retina and optic nerve using automated image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IOP elevation to 25 mm Hg below systolic blood pressure (perfusion pressure [PP] 25) decreased median retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) grains by 38% compared with controls (P: < 0.001). Competition by cold BDNF reduced NFL grains by 28% (P: = 0.013). Considering only the radioactivity representing specific retrograde transport of BDNF, IOP elevation to PP25 reduced transport by 74%, whereas elevation to PP0 (equaling systolic blood pressure) reduced specific transport by 83%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BDNF is transported retrogradely from the superior colliculus in adult rats, and this transport is substantially inhibited by acute IOP elevation. Deprivation of BDNF among RGCs may contribute to neuron loss in glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. hquigley@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zack
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pease
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kerrigan-Baumrind
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kerrigan
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001370:Axonal Transport; D001794:Blood Pressure; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003714:Denervation; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism*; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000378:metabolism; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor