title: [Peritonitis with Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis].
abstract: Before highly active antiretroviral therapy were available, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection was common in adults with HIV. Diagnosis was often made by blood culture in these immunocompromised patients. Although Mycobacterium avium complex disease can involve any organ of the body, infection of serosal surfaces is very rare. Mycobacterium avium complex peritonitis is rare and usually occurs in immunocompetent patients with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We report a case of Mycobacterium avium complex peritonitis in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis with no evidence of HIV infection. Diagnosis was made by culture of a lymphocytic ascites which showed Mycobacterium avium complex at 4 weeks. Interestingly, blood and hepatic cultures remained negative. At three months, marked improvement occurred with antimycobacterial treatment, so that orthotopic liver transplantation could be performed.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Lyon.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miailhes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bizollon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chomarat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ducerf
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trépo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001201:Ascites / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents