title: Prenatal exposure to low levels of carbon monoxide alters sciatic nerve myelination in rat offspring.
abstract: Prenatal exposure to low concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO, 75 and 150 ppm from day 0 to day 20 of gestation), resulting in maternal blood HbCO concentrations equivalent to those maintained by human cigarette smokers, leads to subtle myelin alterations in the sciatic nerve of male rat offspring. The rapid growth spurt in pup body weight was related to the period of maximal increase in myelin sheath thickness in both control and CO-exposed animals. A significant reduction in myelin sheath thickness of sciatic nerve fibers, paralleled by changes in the frequency distribution, occurred in both 40- and 90-day-old rats exposed in utero to CO (75 and 150 ppm). Myelin deficit observed in 75 and 150 ppm CO-exposed animals showed up only after the major spurt in myelination but not early during development. The subtle myelin alterations observed in CO-exposed offspring were not accompanied by changes in developmental pattern of axon diameters and did not result in a gross impairment of motor activity. These results suggest that the myelination process is selectively targeted by a prenatal exposure model simulating the CO exposure observed in human cigarette smokers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Human Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Bari, Policlinico, Italy.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Carratù
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cagiano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desantis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labate
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tattoli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trabace
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cuomo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin