title: Photochemical keratodesmos for repair of lamellar corneal incisions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of photochemical keratodesmos (PKD) for closing surgical incisions in the cornea of enucleated rabbit eyes compared with that achieved using sutures and self-sealing incisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3.5-mm incision, at an angle parallel to the iris, was made in the cornea of enucleated New Zealand White rabbit eyes. The intraocular pressure required to cause leakage (IOP(L)) from the untreated incision was then recorded. Photochemical keratodesmos treatment was then performed by application of a dye, Rose Bengal (RB), in saline solution to the surfaces of the incision wound, followed by laser irradiation at 514 nm from an argon ion laser. Immediately after treatment, the IOP(L) was measured. Both dose and laser irradiance dependencies were studied in five or more eyes for each condition and appropriate control eyes. The IOP(L)s were compared with those obtained using conventional interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures. Other dyes were tested in a similar fashion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IOP(L) of 300 mm Hg was obtained using a fluence of 1270 J/cm(2) with an irradiance of 1.27 W/cm(2) (laser exposure time, 16 minutes 40 seconds). No sealing was observed using dye or light alone where control pressures of approximately 30 mm Hg were found. At higher dose (1524 J/cm(2)) and irradiance (3.82 W/cm(2); 6 minutes 35 seconds), PKD was less effective, which may be attributable to thermal effects. PKD produced IOP(L)s similar to those in closure by sutures. Other dyes such as riboflavin-5-phosphate and N:-hydroxy-pyridine thione also produced efficient bonding after PKD. Nonphotochemically active dyes did not produce significant increases in the IOP(L) at which leakage occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in IOP(L) after PKD treatment, comparable with that with sutures, in enucleated rabbit eyes demonstrates the feasibility of this technique ex vivo.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mulroy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scharper
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Melki
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Kochevar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003315:Cornea / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007834:Lasers; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D012395:Rose Bengal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013871:Thiones; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011725:Pyridines; D013871:Thiones; D012395:Rose Bengal; C008704:pyrithione; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide; D008751:Methylene Blue; D019793:Fluorescein