title: Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol released from a combined contraceptive vaginal ring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol released from a novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) releasing etonogestrel 120microg and ethinylestradiol 15 microg per day and compare them with those of a combined oral contraceptive containing desogestrel 150 microg/ethinylestradiol 30 microg (DSG/EE COC).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a nonblind, randomised, crossover study in 16 healthy women.
  
  
  METHODS
  All volunteers received one cycle of DSG/EE COC before being randomised to 1 of 2 treatment groups. The participants in group 1 received 1 cycle of DSG/EE COC, a treatment period with NuvaRing and an intravenous bolus injection of etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol (150 microg/30 microg). Those in group 2 received a NuvaRing treatment period, 1 cycle of DSG/EE COC and the same intravenous bolus injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After the insertion of NuvaRing, maximum serum concentrations of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol were achieved in approximately 1 week. The concentrations subsequently showed a gradual linear decrease in time. The maximum serum concentrations of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol were approximately 40 and 30%, respectively, of those for the DSG/EE COC. In comparison with the DSG/EE COC, the absolute bioavailability for NuvaRing was higher for etonogestrel (102.9 vs 79.2%) and similar for ethinylestradiol (55.6 vs 53.8%). Taking the difference in daily doses into account, systemic exposure to etonogestrel was similar for NuvaRing and the DSG/EE COC, whereas systemic exposure to ethinylestradiol with NuvaRing was only approximately 50% of that for the DSG/EE COC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Metabolism and Kinetics, NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands. c.timmer@organon.oss.akzonobel.nl
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Timmer
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Mulders
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D017135:Desogestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C044815:etonogestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D017135:Desogestrel