title: A female with central anticholinergic syndrome responsive to neostigmine.
abstract: Central anticholinergic syndrome is a rarely observed condition in children. The occurrence of this syndrome after ingestion of Solanum pseudocapsicum is infrequent because findings tend to be milder and localized to the gastrointestinal system, without central nervous system involvement. Most patients do not present with diagnostic problems because their relatives can usually report any ingestion of poisonous agents; however, when drug poisoning or plant ingestion is uncertain, a differential diagnosis with encephalitis must be considered. Physostigmine salicylate is the specific antidote because it crosses the blood-brain barrier because of its tertiary ammonium group. Neostigmine methylsulfate has a quaternary ammonium group, which prevents its penetration through the blood-brain barrier; hence its primary influence is believed to be due to its action on the peripheral nervous system. We describe a female with central anticholinergic syndrome caused by ingestion of Solanum pseudocapsicum. A slow intravenous infusion of neostigmine methylsulfate (0.03 mg/kg) immediately resolved the clinical picture. To our knowledge, this case is the first reported of central anticholinergic syndrome occurring after ingestion of Solanum pseudocapsicum in a child and the first report of a complete and rapid remission after intravenous neostigmine methylsulfate administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Outpatient Service of Child Neurology, "S. Camillo" Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Francia
mesh_terms: D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D012991:Solanaceous Alkaloids / Q000506:poisoning; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D012991:Solanaceous Alkaloids; D009388:Neostigmine