Long-term (14 years) effect of LDL apheresis on obstructive changes in aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass grafts in a case of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with the LDL receptor proline664 to leucine mutation.
A 61-year-old Japanese woman with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) utilizing a saphenous vein graft at the age of 46, in June 1984, 6 months before low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis was started. She had received LDL apheresis every two weeks, along with combined drug treatment since the age of 47 (December 1984). She had bilateral xanthelasma and Achilles tendon xanthomas. Her fasting baseline serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level were 464 mg/dl and 57 mg/dl, respectively at the age of 47 when she visited our hospital for the first time. Analysis of the genomic DNA from the patient revealed heterozygous amino acid substitution of Leu for Pro664 in the LDL receptor gene. She was diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus at the age of 53. Combined treatment in the steady state yielded a pretreatment LDL cholesterol level of 230+/-14 mg/dl and a posttreatment level of 57+/-7.6. All grafts were widely patent after as long as 14 years since CABG, suggesting that LDL apheresis combined with drug therapy is highly effective in preventing the occlusion of bypass grafts in a patient with heterozygous FH and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Takahashi
K
K
Second Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Chiba University.
Kobayashi
J
J
Bujo
H
H
Takahashi
M
M
Taira
K
K
Kaneko
K
K
Tashiro
J
J
Shinomiya
M
M
Miyazaki
A
A
Saito
Y
Y
D001011:Aorta / Q000601:surgery; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017354:Point Mutation; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics*; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D011973:Receptors, LDL