title: Dueling doctors.
abstract: Formal "duels of honor" ruled upper-class conduct for centuries. That social pressure could compel a choice of "death before dishonor" seems nearly incomprehensible today. Physicians might have been expected to disdain dueling as contrary to professional ethics, but a few rather colorful physicians did enter the lists. Details of some of the most famous physician duels are summarized in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Southern California Medical School, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Keane
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D010820:Physicians / Q000266:history*; D012945:Social Values; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000266:history*