title: BTA quantitative assay and NMP22 testing compared with urine cytology in the detection of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both BTA TRAK and NMP22 urine concentrations have shown a sensitivity superior to urine cytology in the detection of bladder cancer. We compared these tumor markers with urine cytology performed on 3 consecutive samples and evaluated by an expert cytopathologist.
  
  
  METHODS
  The investigations were conducted on 94 patients undergoing a diagnostic cystoscopy for a high suspicion of bladder cancer (group 1) and on 102 patients with previous history of transitional cell carcinoma awaiting a follow-up cystoscopy (group 2). Biopsy specimens were obtained also from tumor negative patients. Immunoassays for BTA TRAK and NMP22 were carried out according to standard methods. The choice of the cut-off was based on the ground of sensitivity and specificity curves intersection. Urine cytology results were expressed as positive, negative and 'dubious'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall sensitivity was 56% for NMP22 (cut-off 11 U/ml) and 57% for BTA TRAK (cut-off 60 U/ml). When dubious results were considered as positive cases, urine cytology achieved a sensitivity of 73.3%. Assuming dubious cases as negative results, urine cytology sensitivity resulted 59.3%. When the 2 groups of patients were evaluated separately with different cut-off, there was no significant gain in sensitivity for BTA TRAK and NMP22 over urine cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urine cytology performed on 3 samples showed the highest sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic advantage of urine cytology over BTA TRAK and NMP22 was maintained when patients were stratified by tumor grade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Torino, Italy. paturol@usa.net
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casetta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gontero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zitella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pelucelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Formiconi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Priolo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinasso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mengozzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aimo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viberti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tizzani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000652:urine; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000652:urine*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C112999:bladder tumor-associated antigen; C100379:nuclear matrix protein 22