title: A polymorphism of the 5'-flanking region of the glucocorticoid receptor gene locus is associated with basal cortisol secretion in men.
abstract: There is growing evidence that cortisol secretion and/or metabolism is associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Previous studies have shown that cardiovascular risk factors are associated with stimulated cortisol secretion and not with basal cortisol secretion. With the restriction enzyme Tth111I, a variant of the 5'-flanking region of the glucocorticoid receptor gene locus (GRL) was identified. The genotypes were compared for measurements of cortisol secretion and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort (N = 284) of randomly selected middle-aged men. The frequency of the 3.4/3.4-, 3.4/3.8-, and 3.8/3.8-kilobase (kb) genotypes was 49.6%, 41.4%, and 9.0% respectively. The 3.8-kb homozygotes showed higher total and evening cortisol levels with a trend for elevated levels over the day. Neither stimulated or suppressed cortisol secretion nor anthropometric, endocrine, metabolic, and hemodynamic cardiovascular risk factors were significantly different among the genotypes. Since the polymorphism studied herein is localized at the 5'-flanking region of the GRL, the results suggest that elevated basal cortisol secretion is associated with a polymorphism of the promoter region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, Göteborg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosmond
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chagnon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chagnon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérusse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Björntorp
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; C048421:endodeoxyribonuclease Tth111I; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D006854:Hydrocortisone