title: C1 inhibitor prevents capillary leakage after thermal trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In burned patients, activation of the complement and clotting systems is suggested to play an important role in the development of the capillary leak syndrome and inflammatory tissue destruction. In an animal model of thermal trauma, the possible protective effect of C1 inhibitor (C1Inh), a major control protein of both the complement and clotting systems, was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy pigs weighing 30 kg.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pigs were scalded for 25 secs with 75 degrees C hot water to achieve a 30% total body surface deep partial-thickness burn. The treatment group (n = 8) received C1Inh concentrate at an initial dose of 100 units/kg body weight immediately after thermal trauma, followed by three further applications every 12 hrs. Two control groups included animals that were either scalded (n = 8) or not scalded (n = 7) and treated with lactated Ringer's solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before and at various time points after trauma blood samples were analyzed for complement activation (APH50, CH50, SC5b-9, C3). Continuous monitoring of hemodynamic variables was performed and postmortem histologic examination of specimens from lung, heart, liver, kidney, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon was carried out. Aseptically collected mesenteric lymph nodes were pooled and screened for bacterial translocation. For evaluation of the burn wound, biopsies from defined scalded and not scalded areas were taken daily. As a measure for edema formation, the weight of the animals was recorded every 2 hrs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After C1Inh treatment, which led to a significantly reduced complement activation, the clinical outcome was clearly improved, as indicated by vital signs and as demonstrated by reduced edema formation. Treated animals presented a diminished bacterial translocation. Pathologic alterations were clearly diminished in the burned skin, in shock-related organs, and in the intestines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of C1Inh appears to be an effective means to prevent capillary leakage and inflammatory tissue destruction after thermal trauma.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Hand and Burn Surgery, The Technical University of Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radke
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mottaghy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goldmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khorram-Sefat
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klosterhalfen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hafemann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pallua
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirschfink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002056:Burns / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019559:Capillary Leak Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D003174:Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003174:Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins