title: Readiness to change drinking among heavy-drinking college students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine motivation to reduce alcohol consumption among heavy-drinking college students. Specific goals were to test the factor structure of the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES); present normative SOCRATES data for collegiate heavy drinkers; present a heuristic, using SOCRATES scales to determine stage of readiness to change heavy-drinking; and compare students at different stages of change on demographic and drinking variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 278 (187 female) undergraduates who reported at least one episode of heavy drinking within the past 3 months. Students completed the SOCRATES and other questionnaires that assessed current and past drinking and demographics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Confirmatory factor analysis provided modest support for the SOCRATES factor structure. Students were classified according to the transtheoretical model of change (67% Precontemplation, 20% Contemplation and 13% Action). Contemplators drank more often, consumed more alcohol, reported more heavy drinking episodes and experienced more alcohol consequences than the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two thirds of the heavy-drinking college students did not recognize a need to reduce their alcohol consumption, despite evidence of tolerance and negative drinking consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello 83209-8112, USA.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Vik
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Culbertson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sellers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001290:Attitude; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires