Innate immune system damage in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Implications for acquired immunity and vaccine design.
HIV infection affects the innate as well as the acquired immune systems. Critically, it changes the function of macrophages, which link the innate and acquired responses through their ability to present antigen to CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Patients with HIV infection have a reduced capacity to deal with subsequent pathogen exposure and many suffer from chronic pulmonary infections. We have produced complex synthetic peptides that mimic the function of viral gp120 and may represent prototypes of molecules that can prevent or ameliorate HIV-induced damage to the immune system.
Howie
S
S
Immunobiology Unit, MRC Centre for Inflammation, and Departments of Pathology and Chemistry, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. s.e.m.howie@ed.ac.uk
Ramage
R
R
Hewson
T
T
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D007110:Immunity, Active / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic