title: Adenovirus-mediated p16INK4 gene transfer significantly suppresses human breast cancer growth.
abstract: The p16INK4 tumor suppressor gene encodes a protein that inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4, and its homologous deletion is common in human breast cancer. p16INK4 gene transfer has been reported to be efficacious in inducing growth inhibition of various human tumors such as brain, lung, prostate, and esophageal cancers. However, the efficiency of the p16INK4 gene with regard to growth inhibition of human breast cancer has not been studied extensively. To examine its tumor-suppressive function and its potential in breast cancer gene therapy, the wild-type p16INK4 gene was expressed in an adenovirus-mediated gene delivery system and introduced into breast cancer cell lines that do not express p16INK4 protein. Expression of the introduced p16INK4 blocked tumor cell entry into the S phase of the cell cycle, induced tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. These results strongly suggest that p16INK4 is a tumor suppressor gene and suggest that it has potential utility in breast cancer gene therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Saskatoon Cancer Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magliocco
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moyana
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics; D019942:Genes, p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases