title: Effects of enalapril versus placebo as a treatment for canine idiopathic glomerulonephritis.
abstract: A blinded, multicenter, prospective clinical trial assessed the effects of enalapril (EN) versus standard care in dogs with naturally occurring, idiopathic glomerulonephritis (GN). Twenty-nine adult dogs with membranous (n = 16) and membranoproliferative (n = 13) GN were studied. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either EN (0.5 mg/kg PO q12-24h; n = 16) or placebo (n = 14) for 6 months (1 dog was treated first with the placebo and then with EN). All dogs were treated with low-dose aspirin (0.5-5 mg/kg PO q12-24h) and fed a commercial diet. At baseline, serum creatinine (SrCr), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and glomerular histologic grade were not different between groups, but the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UP/C) was greater in the EN group compared with the placebo group (8.7 +/- 4.4 versus 4.7 +/- 2.3). After 6 months of treatment, the change in UP/C from baseline was significantly different between groups (EN = -4.2 +/- 1.4 versus 1.9 +/- 0.9 in the placebo group). When data were adjusted for changes in SrCr (SrCr X UP/C) a similar significant reduction was noted ( 2.2 +/- 15.2 versus 8.4 +/- 10.1). The change in SBP after 6 months of treatment also was significantly different between groups (EN = -12.8 +/- 27.3 versus 5.9 +/- 21.5 mm Hg in the placebo group). Response to treatment was categorized as improvement (assigned a value of 2), no progression (assigned a value of 1), and progression (assigned a value of 0). Response was significantly better in the EN group (1.4 +/- 0.8) compared with the placebo group (0.3 +/- 0.5). These results suggest that EN treatment is beneficial in dogs with naturally occurring idiopathic GN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA. ggrauer@vet.ksu.edu
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Grauer
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Getzy
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Cowgill
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Vaden
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Polzin
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Barsanti
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004656:Enalapril; D003404:Creatinine; D001241:Aspirin