title: Effects of structurally different lipid emulsions on human neutrophil migration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that structurally different lipid emulsions have distinct immunomodulatory properties, we analysed neutrophil migration in the presence of various lipid emulsions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophils of 8 volunteers were pre-incubated in medium or physiological 2.5 mM emulsions containing long-chain (LCT), medium-chain (MCT), mixed LCT/MCT, alpha -tocopherol-enriched LCT/MCT (LCT/MCT-E) or structured triglycerides (SL). Thereafter, the cells were put on top of 3 microm-pore-sized cell culture filters and incubated for one hour in the presence or absence of a chemo-attractant. Neutrophil migration was measured as the percentage of cells that had passed the filter in the presence (chemotaxis) or absence (random migration) of a chemotactic factor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to lipid-free incubation (19+/-1%) random neutrophil migration significantly decreased with LCT/MCT (11+/-2%), LCT/MCT-E (12+/-2) and MCT (5+/-2%), while LCT (18+/-3%) and SL (20+/-1%) had no effect. N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- (fMLP, 10(-8)M) or zymosan-activated-serum-induced (ZAS, 10%) filter passage under lipid-free conditions amounted to 61+/-14% and 70+/-13%, respectively. These values decreased with LCT/MCT to 11+/-9% and 15+/-7%; with LCT/MCT-E to 18+/-10% and 28+/-12%; with SL to 39+/-18% and 57+/-14%, and with MCT to 5+/-2% and 10+/-6%, (all P<0.01), while LCT had no effect. Compared to LCT/MCT, the alpha -tocopherol-enriched formulation significantly increased ZAS- and fMLP-induced chemotaxis. fMLP-induced chemotaxis decreased in direct proportion to LCT/MCT triglyceride concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human neutrophil migration is distinctively inhibited by structurally different lipid emulsions, depending on triglyceride chain-length and concentration as well as alpha -tocopherol content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Wanten
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Naber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects*; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014810:Vitamin E