title: Endothelin-mediated vasoconstriction in postischemic newborn intestine.
abstract: We previously suggested that the profound, sustained vasoconstriction noted in 3-day-old swine intestine after a moderate episode of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) reflects the unmasking of underlying constrictor tone consequent to a loss of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we sought to determine whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) was the unmasked constrictor and whether selective loss of endothelial ET(B) receptors, which mediate NO-based vasodilation, participated in the hemodynamic consequences of I/R in newborn intestine. Studies were performed in innervated, autoperfused intestinal loops in 3- and 35-day-old swine. Selective blockade of ET(A) receptors with BQ-610 had no effect on hemodynamics under control conditions; however, when administered before and during I/R, BQ-610 significantly attenuated the post-I/R vasoconstriction and reduction in arteriovenous O(2) difference in the younger group. In 3-day-old intestine, reduction of intestinal O(2) uptake to a level similar to that noted after I/R by lowering tissue temperature had no effect on the response to BQ-610 or ET-1, indicating that the change in response to BQ-610 noted after I/R was not simply consequent to the reduction in tissue O(2) demand. In studies in mesenteric artery rings suspended in myographs, we observed a leftward shift in the dose-response curve for ET-1 after selective blockade of ET(B) receptors with BQ-788 in 3- but not 35-day-old swine. Rings exposed to I/R in vivo behaved in a manner similar to control rings treated with BQ-788 or endothelium-denuded non-I/R rings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Ohio 43205, USA. nankervisc@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nankervis
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D010477:Perfusion; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D013552:Swine; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010880:Piperidines; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014757:Viper Venoms; C057354:sarafotoxins s6; C087220:BQ 610; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; C086539:BQ 788; D010100:Oxygen