title: Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens for the correction of anisometropia and treatment of amblyopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the potential visual benefits of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implants in eyes of children with anisometropic amblyopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, three girls 9, 14, and 18 years old with high anisometropia and deep amblyopia were included in this study. The phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens (ICL; STAAR Surgical AG, Nidau, Switzerland) was used to correct the anisometropia. This intraocular lens was inserted in the anterior chamber through a 3.0-mm temporal clear cornea incision and manipulated into the posterior chamber using an iris manipulator. A peripheral iridectomy was performed using the Ocutome Probe (Storz; Premiere, St. Louis, Missouri). Local therapy with corticosteroids and antibiotics were prescribed for 2 weeks, and patients were followed regularly for a period of 6 to 9 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the three amblyopic eyes of the three patients, the preoperative best-corrected visual acuity of 6/30, 6/60, and 6/30 improved, to 6/7.5 (20/25), 6/30 (20/100), and 6/15 (20/50), respectively, 6 months after the surgery. Binocular functions with development of fusional abilities and stereopsis were observed in two of these patients after the intraocular lens implantation. In the third patient, the fusional abilities developed only after surgical correction of the exotropia. The intraocular pressure remained within normal limits, and there was no significant change in the corneal endothelial cell count during the period of follow-up. No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed, except for a temporary pigment dispersion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantation of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lenses may be beneficial for the treatment of amblyopia in children with anisometropia. Although additional cases and long-term follow-up observations are necessary, it appears that amblyopia may be overcome by the use of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implants, even in eyes of children beyond the age generally considered to be responsive to anti-amblyopic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. benezra@md2.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: BenEzra
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karshai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000601:surgery*; D015858:Anisometropia / Q000601:surgery*; D002452:Cell Count; D002648:Child; D003867:Depth Perception; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D007498:Iris / Q000601:surgery; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000379:methods; D007908:Lens, Crystalline; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity