title: Heroin use among adolescents in treatment for substance use disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify prevalence rates and describe patterns of adolescent heroin users who are in treatment for substance use disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) was examined for trends in the number of adolescents admitted to substance abuse treatment centers and for changes in the routes of heroin administration. Thirteen adolescents who used heroin from one treatment program were compared with 536 adolescents who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1992 and 1996, heroin-using youths represented 2.0% of youths in treatment and in 1997 they represented 2.6%. Heroin-using youths represented 56% of those using injection drugs. Heroin-using youths from one treatment program had significantly more polysubstance dependence in comparison with adolescents who did not use heroin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nationally, there has been an increasing number, but not percentage, of heroin-using youths in treatment between 1992 and 1996. In 1997 there was an increase in both the number and percentage of heroin-using youths in treatment. Heroin-using adolescents have the highest rate of injection drug use when compared with youths using other substances. Because of their greater risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus through injection drug use, treatment trials for these adolescents are needed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Substance Dependence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hopfer
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mikulich
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Crowley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003120:Colorado / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology