title: Cross transfer effects of muscular endurance during training and detraining.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To clarify 1) how the cross-transfer effect, obtained in a contralateral untrained forearm through a 4-week ipsilateral endurance training regimen, is changed during detraining; and 2) how blood flow to the untrained limb is related to the transfer effect of muscular endurance during training and detraining periods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Training regimen: hand-grip training by means of a hand-ergometer with a work-load of 1/3 of the maximum handgrip strength 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Blood flow: a mercury-in-rubber strain-gauge for venous occlusion plethysmography.
  
  
  METHODS
  1) maximal number of contractions to determine the muscular endurance; 2) reactive hyperaemic blood flow response (RHBF3) to determine whether maximal vasodilatory capacity would be changed in both the forearms post-training and detraining; and 3) maximal work-related blood flow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant increments both in the muscle endurance and the maximal work-related blood flow not only in the trained (+125%, +30%) but also in the untrained (+40%, +19%) forearms. During detraining, we found decreases both in the muscle endurance and the maximal work-related blood flow (-22%, p<0.01; -16%, p=0.053) of the trained forearm. However, in the untrained arm (-3%, NS) the cross-transfer effect of muscular endurance remained unchanged despite a drop in the maximal work-related blood flow (-17%, p<0.05). The RHBF3 did not change in either of the forearms during the whole periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the maintenance of the cross transfer effect of muscle endurance during detraining cannot be explained on the basis of changes in forearm blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Junior College Division of Chukyo Women's University, Obu, Aichi, Japan. yuza@chujo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuza
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow