title: Basal plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate level: a possible predictor for response to electroconvulsive therapy in depressed psychotic inpatients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate derivative DHEAS are neuroactive steroids. In the brain, they interact with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptors, which are involved in the regulation of anxiety and mood. The relevance of circulatory neurosteroids to psychiatric disorders and biological treatment is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basal plasma levels of cortisol, DHEA, and DHEAS and the DHEAS-DHEA ratio were determined in 17 psychiatric inpatients before and after six electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy sessions, and all changes were statistically analyzed. For baseline values, 25 healthy individuals served as control subjects. Severity of depression and psychosis in the patients was measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both basal and post-ECT levels of cortisol, DHEA, and DHEAS were significantly higher in the patients than in the control subjects. DHEAS levels in responding patients were higher at completion of treatment than at baseline. Patients defined as ECT nonresponders (change in HDRS < 30% from before treatments) exhibited elevated basal DHEAS levels compared with ECT responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Markedly elevated basal DHEAS levels (mean + 2 SD of control value) are associated with resistance to ECT and may serve as a potential predictive marker of nonresponsiveness to ECT in depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maayan
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagorowski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grupper
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shtaif
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kaoud
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weizman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000097:blood; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D006854:Hydrocortisone