title: Effects of parental marital status, income, and family functioning on African American adolescent self-esteem.
abstract: This study examined the effects of marital status, family income, and family functioning on African American adolescents' self-esteem. One hundred sixteen adolescents participated, 64% of whom were female. Compared with boys with nonmarried parents, boys with married parents had higher overall self-esteem, even when family income and family functioning were controlled. Parental marital status had no effect on girls' self-esteem. Family functioning was a very strong predictor of self-esteem for both sexes. However, family relational factors were more important to girls' self-esteem, whereas structural and growth factors were more important for boys. It was concluded that African American adolescent boys with nonmarried parents are at risk for developing low self-esteem compared with other African American adolescents, but a more controlled and structured environment may buffer the effects of having nonmarried parents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA. jelani@citrus.ucr.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mandara
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D002140:California; D004243:Divorce / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D010553:Personality Development; D012649:Self Concept; D015406:Single Parent / Q000523:psychology