title: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study to compare the efficacy and safety of three doses of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport) with placebo in upper limb spasticity after stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to define an effective and safe dose of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport) for the treatment of upper limb muscle spasticity due to stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study. Patients received either a placebo or 1 of 3 doses of Dysport (500, 1000, 1500 U) into 5 muscles of the affected arm. Efficacy was assessed periodically by the Modified Ashworth Scale and a battery of functional outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-three patients were recruited, and 82 completed the study. The 4 study groups were comparable at baseline with respect to their demographic characteristics and severity of spasticity. All doses of Dysport studied showed a significant reduction from baseline of muscle tone compared with placebo. However, the effect on functional disability was not statistically significant and was best at a dose of 1000 U. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the incidence of adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that treatment with Dysport reduces muscle tone in patients with poststroke upper limb spasticity. Treatment was effective at doses of Dysport of 500, 1000, and 1500 U. The optimal dose for treatment of patients with residual voluntary movements in the upper limb appears to be 1000 U. Dysport is safe in the doses used in this study.
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Mount Gould Hospital, Plymouth, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bakheit
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Thilmann
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Poewe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wissel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benecke
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neumann
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A