title: l-Ephedrine is a major constituent of Mao-Bushi-Saishin-To, one of the formulas of Chinese medicine, which shows immediate inhibition after oral administration of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Whether Mao-Bushi-Saishin-To (MBST), one of the formulas of classical Chinese medicine, is effective on 48-h passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats and which substance in the formula is responsible for its inhibitory action were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the studies on PCA, MBST (hot water extract of the whole herbal formula), extracts of Ephedra herb (Mao), l-ephedrine and other reference drugs were orally administered immediately or at various times before or 5 min after the antigen challenge. In the experiments on anaphylactic histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells, l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine were added at 10(-4)-10(-7) g/ml at 30, 10, 3 or 0 min before antigen provocation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time course study indicated that MBST produced a prompt and long lasting inhibition of PCA. Among the constituents of Mao, l-ephedrine exerted this prompt inhibitory activity, but d-pseudoephedrine did not. Neither pseudoephedrine nor l-ephedrine prevented the anaphylactic histamine release from isolated peritoneal mast cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is strongly emphasised that the rapid suppression of PCA by orally administered l-ephedrine must be exerted by a mechanism distinct from that of suppression produced following gastrointestinal absorption of the drug, because the time required for the inhibition was extraordinarily short. However, direct inhibition of anaphylactic histamine release from isolated mast cells was excluded in this inhibition of PCA.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratory, Kotaro Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D010323:Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C119422:mao-bushi-saishin-to; D004809:Ephedrine