Dietary unsaturated fatty acids in type 2 diabetes: higher levels of postprandial lipoprotein on a linoleic acid-rich sunflower oil diet compared with an oleic acid-rich olive oil diet.
OBJECTIVE
The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of a polyunsaturated fat diet compared with an isocaloric Mediterranean-style monounsaturated fat diet.


METHODS
This was a randomized 2-week crossover study on either a high-polyunsaturated or a high-monounsaturated fat diet in 11 well-controlled diabetic men. Blood was taken fasting and for up to 8 h after a high fat meal. Lipoproteins were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation. Apolipoprotein (apo) B48 and apo B100 were separated by PAGE. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography


RESULTS
Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were significantly higher on the linoleic acid diet compared with the oleic acid diet (P < 0.01 and P < 0.002, respectively). Plasma cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels were also significantly higher on the linoleic acid diet (P < 0.001). Likewise, fasting chylomicron apo B48 and apo B100 (P < 0.05) and postprandial chylomicron and VLDL apo B48 and B100 (P < 0.05) were also higher on the linoleic acid diet.


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that, in type 2 diabetes, an oleic acid-rich Mediterranean-type diet versus a linoleic acid-enriched diet may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by decreasing the number of chylomicron remnant particles.
Madigan
C
C
Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College.
Ryan
M
M
Owens
D
D
Collins
P
P
Tomkin
G H
GH
D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D008074:Lipoproteins; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol