title: Increased glomerular deposits of von Willebrand factor in chronic, but not acute, rejection of primate renal allografts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In our previously described primate renal allograft model, T cell ablation leads to long-term graft survival. The role of endothelial cell alteration in chronic rejection was examined in our model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal transplants were performed in rhesus monkeys using a T cell- depleting immunotoxin, FN18-CRM9. Sections from 10 rejected kidneys (5 acute and 7 chronic rejection) were examined after immunohistochemical staining for expression of endothelium-related proteins [von Willebrand factor (vWF), CD62P, and CD31], fibrinogen, and a macrophage marker (CD68). Glomerular staining for each antigen was graded on a semiquantitative scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intense staining for vWF was consistently observed in glomerular endothelium, subendothelium, and mesangium in all kidneys removed due to chronic rejection. vWF staining was weak in kidneys showing acute rejection. The difference in glomerular staining was statistically significant. Staining for vWF in extraglomerular vessels was nearly identical in kidneys showing acute and chronic rejection. Expression of CD62P was increased in extraglomerular vessels in allografts with chronic rejection, but the glomeruli showed little or no staining. There was no significant difference in the glomerular staining for CD62P or CD31 in organs showing acute and chronic rejection. Fibrinogen staining of glomerular mesangium was seen in kidneys with chronic rejection. Macrophages (CD68+) infiltrating glomeruli were more numerous in kidneys showing chronic rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased glomerular deposition of vWF in renal allografts showing chronic rejection, without increased staining for CD62P or CD31, suggests increased constitutive secretion of vWF from endothelial cells as a component of the mechanism of chronic rejection in our model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792-7375, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lagoo
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Burchell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fechner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuchida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Oberley
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hamawy
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Knechtle
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000737:chemistry*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005340:Fibrinogen; D000922:Immunotoxins; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule