title: Four genes of Medicago truncatula controlling components of a nod factor transduction pathway.
abstract: Rhizobium nodulation (Nod) factors are lipo-chitooligosaccharides that act as symbiotic signals, eliciting several key developmental responses in the roots of legume hosts. Using nodulation-defective mutants of Medicago truncatula, we have started to dissect the genetic control of Nod factor transduction. Mutants in four genes (DMI1, DMI2, DMI3, and NSP) were pleiotropically affected in Nod factor responses, indicating that these genes are required for a Nod factor-activated signal transduction pathway that leads to symbiotic responses such as root hair deformations, expressions of nodulin genes, and cortical cell divisions. Mutant analysis also provides evidence that Nod factors have a dual effect on the growth of root hair: inhibition of endogenous (plant) tip growth, and elicitation of a novel tip growth dependent on (bacterial) Nod factors. dmi1, dmi2, and dmi3 mutants are also unable to establish a symbiotic association with endomycorrhizal fungi, indicating that there are at least three common steps to nodulation and endomycorrhization in M. truncatula and providing further evidence for a common signaling pathway between nodulation and mycorrhization.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire des Relations Plantes-Microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA-CNRS) UMR215, BP27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Catoira
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galera
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Billy
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Penmetsa
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Journet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maillet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gough
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dénarié
mesh_terms: D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D000455:Medicago sativa / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000254:growth & development; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C489058:MTN6 protein, Medicago truncatula; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; C045625:nodulin