title: Impairment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry into Jurkat T cells by constitutive expression of the HIV-1 vpr protein: role of CD4 down-modulation.
abstract: Jurkat T-cell clones, stably expressing the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein, exhibited an impaired susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. A marked down-modulation of surface CD4 receptors was detected in Vpr-expressing clones with respect to control cells. Likewise, a reduced CD4 expression was also observed in parental Jurkat cells infected with wild-type but not with Vpr-mutant HIV-1. Notably, Vpr-expressing clones were fully susceptible to infection with a vesicular stomatitis virus G protein-pseudotyped HIV-1 virus, indicating that a block at the level of viral entry was responsible for the inhibition of viral replication. The effect exerted by Vpr on HIV replication and CD4 expression suggests that this protein can regulate both the establishment of a productive HIV-1 infection and CD4-mediated T-cell functions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Varano
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gauzzi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matarrese
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Malorni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Belardelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gessani
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016336:Gene Products, vpr / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D014779:Virus Replication; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016336:Gene Products, vpr; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus