title: Filamentous growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated by manganese.
abstract: The Candida albicans INT1 gene is a virulence factor that contributes to both adhesion and filamentous growth of the fungus. Expression of INT1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae directs both adhesion and filamentous growth. Because Int1p contains two predicted divalent cation-binding motifs, we asked whether divalent cations are important for the role of Int1p in filament formation. In this study, we found that INT1-induced filamentous growth (I-IFG) is sensitive to the divalent cation chelator EDTA and that this EDTA sensitivity can be ameliorated by the addition of Mn(2+), but not Mg(2+) or Ca(2+) ions. The addition of MnCl(2) restored both the proportion of cells forming filaments and the length of filaments formed. Expression of INT1 in S. cerevisiae mutants that reduce the intracellular concentration of Mn(2+) did not affect I-IFG. Interestingly, the Mn(2+) dependence of I-IFG is not dependent upon the presence of the putative divalent cation-binding domains found in INT1. Rather, we found that polarized growth induced by mutations in CDC12 and CLA4 or by expression of excess SWE1 was also sensitive to EDTA treatment and was restored by the addition of MnCl(2) but not by the addition of CaCl(2). Thus, our results suggest that in S. cerevisiae polarized growth is dependent upon the presence of Mn(2+) ions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 250 Biological Sciences Center, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Asleson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Asleson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malandra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berman
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
chemical_list: C090459:CDC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C105116:SMF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C097687:alphaINT1 protein, Candida albicans; D008345:Manganese; D004492:Edetic Acid