title: Blood cytokine response of low-dose molgramostim (rhGM-CSF)-treated patients.
abstract: We examined leukocyte counts and ex vivo cytokine response of whole blood to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in patients under low-dose molgramostim therapy. Patients were injected subcutaneously daily for ten days with 1 microg/kg (n=9) or 2 microg/kg (n=14) molgramostim. Leukocytosis was observed in all patients, but only the eosinophil fraction was significantly increased in relation to other leukocyte populations. Ex vivo IFN-gamma release was decreased and IL-10 and IL-1ra secretion were increased in response to LPS or LTA. Thus, in non-neutropenic patients, leukocytosis can already be initiated by low doses of molgramostim. The ex vivo cytokine data suggest that these doses prime blood towards a systemic anti-inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hartung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: von Aulock
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Höxtermann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stücker
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Altmeyer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kottke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wendel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D016753:Interleukin-10; C009900:lipoteichoic acid; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C082430:molgramostim