Expression profiling of human sulfotransferase and sulfatase gene superfamilies in epithelial tissues and cultured cells.
The bioavailability of drugs administered topically or orally depends on their metabolism by epithelial enzymes such as the cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULT). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods were established to detect expression of 8 SULT genes and 4 arylsulfatase (ARS) genes in human tissues of epithelial origin and in cultures of normal and transformed (cancer) cells. The results indicate: (i) SULT 1A1, 1A3, ARSC, and ARSD genes are ubiquitously expressed; (ii) expression is frequently similar between cell lines and corresponding tissues; (iii) SULT gene expression in normal cultured cells is generally comparable to the expression in associated transformed (cancer) cell lines; (iv) SULT 1A1 promoter usage is mainly tissue specific; however, both promoters are frequently used in SULT 1A3 expression; and (v) the expression profile of SULT 1A1, 1A3, 1E1, and 2B1a/b suggests that one or more of these isoforms may be involved in the cutaneous sulfoconjugation of minoxidil and cholesterol.
Dooley
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IntegriDerm, Inc., 2130 Memorial Parkway, South West, Huntsville, Alabama, 35801, USA. dooley@integriderm.com
Haldeman-Cahill
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Joiner
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Wilborn
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D001682:Biological Availability; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008914:Minoxidil / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013429:Sulfatases / Q000235:genetics*; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D017931:DNA Primers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008914:Minoxidil; D002784:Cholesterol; D015238:Sulfotransferases; D013429:Sulfatases