title: Histopathologic abnormalities in rabbit retina after intravitreous injection of expansive gases and air.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate histopathologic retinal changes in rabbit eyes after injection of pure perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas, pure sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas, or air into the vitreous cavity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Air, C3F8 gas, or SF6 gas (0.4 mL each) were injected into rabbit vitreous cavities. Two, 4, and 6 weeks later, light and electron microscopic examinations were conducted, and the immunohistochemical localization of glutamate in the retina was studied. Noninjected eyes served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At all time points, thinning or disappearance of the outer plexiform layer in the superior retina in eyes that received C3F8 gas was found; the inferior retina was the same as in controls. In eyes that received SF6 gas or air, light and electron microscopy showed that the superior and inferior retina were the same as in controls at all time points. Immunohistochemical examination showed abnormal glutamate distribution of the superior retina in eyes injected with C3F8 gas, SF6 gas, or air. However, glutamate distribution was the same as in controls in the inferior retina in eyes injected with C3F8 gas, SF6 gas, or air.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retinal tamponade using intraocular gases induces histopathologic retinal changes in the superior retina of the rabbit eye, where the gases are in continuous contact with the eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uji
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Refojo
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride / Q000633:toxicity*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C042852:perflutren; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride