title: Ketamine infusion versus isoflurane for the maintenance of anesthesia in the prebypass period in children with tetralogy of Fallot.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of ketamine in comparison with isoflurane in the maintenance of anesthesia in children with tetralogy of Fallot.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty children scheduled for correction of tetralogy of Fallot.
  
  
  METHODS
  After intubation, patients were assigned randomly to receive 2 different anesthesia maintenance regimens: group I, isoflurane, 0 to 1% plus fentanyl, 0.1 microg/kg/min; group II, ketamine, 0 to 5 mg/kg/h, plus fentanyl, 0.1 microg/kg/min. Isoflurane concentration and ketamine infusion rate were adjusted to maintain arterial pressure within 25% of baseline. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded at the end of 4 intervals: T0, before induction of anesthesia; T1, induction to 10 minutes postintubation; T2, 10 minutes postintubation to poststernotomy; and T3, poststernotomy to completion of catheterizations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparing group I with group II, significant differences were observed in mean arterial pressure (p < 0.0001), heart rate (p < 0.01), arterial oxygen saturation (p < 0.0001), arterial oxygen tension (p < 0.001), arterial carbon dioxide tension (p < 0.001), arterial pH (p < 0.0001), base excess (p < 0.05), and arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference (p < 0.01) at T3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ketamine anesthesia is recommended as an alternative maintenance regimen in children undergoing definitive correction of tetralogy of Fallot.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Türkiye.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuğrul
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Camci
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pembeci
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Telci
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akpir
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007649:Ketamine; D007530:Isoflurane; D010100:Oxygen; D004298:Dopamine; D004837:Epinephrine