title: Correction of MR kappa-space data corrupted by spike noise.
abstract: Magnetic resonance images are reconstructed from digitized raw data, which are collected in the spatial-frequency domain (also called kappa-space). Occasionally, single or multiple data points in the k-space data are corrupted by spike noise, causing striation artifacts in images. Thresholding methods for detecting corrupted data points can fail because of small alterations, especially for data points in the low spatial frequency area where the k-space variation is large. Restoration of corrupted data points using interpolations of neighboring pixels can give incorrect results. We propose a Fourier transform method for detecting and restoring corrupted data points using a window filter derived from the striation-artifact structure in an image or an intermediate domain. The method provides an analytical solution for the alteration at each corrupted data point. It can effectively restore corrupted kappa-space data, removing striation artifacts in images, provided that the following three conditions are satisfied. First, a region of known signal distribution (for example, air background) is visible in either the image or the intermediate domain so that it can be selected using a window filter. Second, multiple spikes are separated by the full-width at half-maximum of the point spread function for the window filter. Third, the magnitude of a spike is larger than the minimum detectable value determined by the window filter and the standard deviation of kappa-space random noise.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, ROC. yhkao@ym.edu.tw
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: MacFall
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*