title: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: retrospective analysis of 19 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To survey the clinical data of patients with isolated gonadotropin deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively surveyed the medical records of 19 patients with isolated gonadotropin deficiency aged 16-31 years (mean: 20 years). The major complaint was primary amenorrhea in 100% of the patients, with 42.1% of them also reporting absence of secondary sex traits, and 10% reporting anosmia or hyposmia. Seventy-four percent of the patients had been submitted to hormonal replacement therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone densitometry was determined in 5 patients and revealed lumbar spine osteopenia in 3 patients and femoral osteopenia in 1. An association with urologic malformations was detected in 10.5% of cases and an association with gynecologic malformations was detected in 31.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated gonadotropin deficiency can be easily diagnosed but requires early estrogen replacement therapy because of a higher risk of osteopenia and consequently of osteoporosis. Concomitant urogenital malformations are frequent and should be investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. mddmoura@fmrp.usp.br
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Silva de Sá
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ferriani
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Unzer
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Reis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008499:Medical Records; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology