Redefining medical treatment in the management of unstable angina.
In 1994, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research sponsored the development of guidelines for diagnosing and managing patients with unstable angina. Since their publication, several important developments have occurred. The prognostic value of biochemical assays for cardiac-specific troponins T and I have been shown in many studies. The possible role for C-reactive protein in determining prognosis deserves further investigation. Substantial clinical benefits have been obtained with intravenous inhibitors of the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa receptor (abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban) and with one of the low-molecular-weight heparins (enoxaparin). The therapeutic potential of other low-molecular-weight heparins, direct thrombin inhibitors, and oral GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors remains to be clarified. On the basis of this evidence, consideration should be given to measuring serum levels of a cardiac troponin (either T or I) and using intravenous GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors and low-molecular-weight heparin in the standard management of patients with unstable angina.
Braunwald
E
E
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Califf
R M
RM
Cannon
C P
CP
Fox
K A
KA
Fuster
V
V
Gibler
W B
WB
Harrington
R A
RA
King
S B
SB
Kleiman
N S
NS
Theroux
P
P
Topol
E J
EJ
Van de Werf
F
F
White
H D
HD
Willerson
J T
JT
D000077284:Abciximab; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D006077:Government Agencies; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D000077466:Tirofiban; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017984:Enoxaparin; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D019210:Troponin I; D020107:Troponin T; D014443:Tyrosine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077466:Tirofiban; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D000077284:Abciximab