title: The likely transformation of papillary thyroid carcinoma into anaplastic carcinoma during postoperative radioactive iodine-131 therapy: report of a case.
abstract: We report herein a case of papillary carcinoma which appeared to transform into anaplastic carcinoma during postoperative radioactive iodine-131 (131I) therapy. A 67-year-old man who was diagnosed as having papillary thyroid carcinoma with bilateral neck lymph node involvement and multiple lung metastases underwent total thyroidectomy prior to 131I therapy. Immediately after a second course of 131I therapy, the patient complained of right neck pain and swelling, and a biopsy of the swollen neck lymph node was taken. Histologic examination of this biopsy specimen revealed anaplastic carcinoma. With p53 immunohistochemical staining, both the primary tumor and the biopsy specimen were positive. We speculate that first, some DNA damage in tumor cells was induced by the initial 131I therapy, but neither DNA repair nor cell apoptosis occurred because the p53 gene was already mutated; then further DNA damage was induced by the second 131I therapy, leading to anaplastic transformation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shingu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kusama
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53