title: Lack of association between duration of untreated illness and severity of cognitive and structural brain deficits at the first episode of schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to determine whether the duration of illness before antipsychotic drug treatment for schizophrenia was associated with the severity of cognitive deficits and volumetric brain structure anomalies observed in some patients with a first episode of schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Duration of psychotic symptoms and of other symptoms marking a behavioral change was estimated from structured interviews with 50 patients who had a first episode of schizophrenia and their family members. Interviews were conducted within a month of the patients' hospitalization. Duration of untreated psychotic symptoms and of behavioral change was correlated with neuropsychological summary scores from a comprehensive cognitive battery and with measurements of lateral ventricular, temporal lobe, and cerebral hemispheric volumes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant correlations were observed between measures of untreated illness and the severity of either cognitive or structural brain deficits at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The duration of untreated symptoms of schizophrenia, for which an association with an uncontrolled toxic brain process has been proposed, is unlikely to explain why first-episode patients with schizophrenia have widespread deficits in cognitive functioning and have detectable ventricular enlargement and some loss of cortical mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Razi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heydebrand
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Csernansky
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: DeLisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents