Pathophysiology of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease.
Insight into the organization of the basal ganglia in the normal, parkinsonian and L-dopa-induced dyskinesia states is critical for the development of newer and more effective therapies for Parkinson's disease. We believe that the basal ganglia can no longer be thought of as a unidirectional linear system that transfers information based solely on a firing-rate code. Rather, we propose that the basal ganglia is a highly organized network, with operational characteristics that simulate a non-linear dynamic system.
Obeso
J A
JA
Dept of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, Clinica Universitaria and Medical School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Rodríguez-Oroz
M C
MC
Rodríguez
M
M
Lanciego
J L
JL
Artieda
J
J
Gonzalo
N
N
Olanow
C W
CW
D000818:Animals; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020551:Pulse Therapy, Drug / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism
D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D007980:Levodopa