title: Y chromosome sequence variation and the history of human populations.
abstract: Binary polymorphisms associated with the non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY) preserve the paternal genetic legacy of our species that has persisted to the present, permitting inference of human evolution, population affinity and demographic history. We used denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC; ref. 2) to identify 160 of the 166 bi-allelic and 1 tri-allelic site that formed a parsimonious genealogy of 116 haplotypes, several of which display distinct population affinities based on the analysis of 1062 globally representative individuals. A minority of contemporary East Africans and Khoisan represent the descendants of the most ancestral patrilineages of anatomically modern humans that left Africa between 35,000 and 89,000 years ago.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.under@stanford.edu
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Passarino
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kauffman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonné-Tamir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bertranpetit
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Francalacci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kidd
authors.forename: S Q
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Mehdi
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Seielstad
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Cavalli-Sforza
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Oefner
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009691:Nucleic Acid Denaturation; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*