title: Sperm chromosome analysis and outcome of IVF in patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine the potential risk for fetal chromosomal anomalies in non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome patients undergoing IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individually collected spermatozoa were isolated from wet testicular tissue preparations and fixed on glass slides using micromanipulation. Their nuclei were analyzed for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 by fluorescent in situ hybridization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assisted reproductive technology program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consenting patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome undergoing testicular biopsy and IVF (fresh specimens) or following such treatment (cryopreserved specimens).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rates of numerical chromosome abnormalities for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 among spare testicular sperm and the pregnancy outcome following treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testicular sperm were found in 8 of 20 patients. Four couples became pregnant following embryo replacement. Sperm chromosomes were analyzed in five patients. One hundred and five sperm of 112 analyzed (93.7%) were normal with X to Y ratio of 50:55 (NS) respectively. Among the 112 sperm tested, seven (6.3%) demonstrated chromosomal abnormalities, of which five were related to the sex chromosomes and two to chromosome 18. One set of triplets, one set of twins, and two singletons (four males and three females) with normal karyotypes were born.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most of the testicular sperm retrieved from Klinefelter's syndrome patients demonstrates a normal pattern of sex chromosome segregation. Therefore, the risk of transmitting numerical sex chromosome abnormalities is relatively low and probably comparable with the rates found in other severe male factor infertility patient groups.
authors.affiliation: IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levron
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aviram-Goldring
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Madgar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raviv
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barkai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dor
mesh_terms: D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007621:Karyotyping; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009030:Mosaicism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics