title: Effects of three different doses of a bolus injection of gadodiamide: assessment of regional cerebral blood volume maps in a blinded reader study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reconstruction of first-pass bolus information to derive regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps is commonly performed in many centers; however, various protocols with different doses of paramagnetic contrast injections have been reported. We evaluated the dose dependency of rCBV maps in a brain tumor population by using three different doses of gadodiamide injection to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy in blinded reader sessions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-three patients with intraaxial brain tumors (72 gliomas) were studied at three centers and randomized to receive a bolus injection of 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mmol/kg per body weight of gadodiamide. rCBV maps were generated from T2*-weighted gradient-echo echoplanar sequences at 1.5 T. Data processing was performed according to the indicator dilution theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was significantly different between gadodiamide doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mmol/kg (CNR = 8.7 and 15.7) and between 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/kg (CNR = 17.7). No significant difference was found between doses of 0.2 and 0.3 mmol/kg. Sensitivity for the differentiation of benign and malignant brain tumors was 80%, 95%, and 91%, and specificity was 45%, 54%, and 43% by blinded readings at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mmol/ kg, respectively, as compared with histologic findings. Nonblinded readings had a sensitivity of 83%, 100%, and 90% and a specificity of 82%, 100%, and 73% at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mmol/kg, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dose of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadodiamide is recommended for reconstruction of rCBV maps if data are acquired with the T2*-weighted protocol described.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruening
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berchtenbreiter
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Holzknecht
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Essig
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heuck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maschek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meusel
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Knopp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
mesh_terms: D001810:Blood Volume; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA