title: Acquisition of Helicobacter pylori infection and reinfection after its eradication are uncommon in Indian adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is known to decrease the recurrence rate of peptic ulcer disease. Data from India on the acquisition rate of H. pylori infection and reinfection after eradication are scant.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the rates of acquisition of H. pylori infection and of reinfection after eradication in Indian adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 116 consecutive patients with dyspepsia undergoing endoscopy. Sixty-four of them were H. pylori-positive on gastric antral biopsy (rapid urease test and histology). Patients diagnosed to have H. pylori infection were treated with a four-drug regimen (omeprazole, bismuth subcitrate, tetracycline, furazolidine) for 2 weeks; those failing H. pylori eradication were treated with a second regimen (lansoprazole, amoxycillin, secnidazole) for one week. Patients who were H. pylori-negative to begin with and those who had successful H. pylori eradication were followed up clinically and endoscopically every 3 months for a median of one year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-six patients (50 H. pylori-positive) were available for study; the other 20 were lost to follow up after the first endoscopy. Fifty of the 96 (52%) were H. pylori-positive; four of these 50 patients did not follow up after first treatment. The eradication rate with the four-drug regimen was 89.1% (41/46). Four of the 5 non-responders eradicated H. pylori with the second regimen. At the end of median one year follow-up (range 9-15 months), one of the 45 patients (2.4%) who eradicated the organism developed reinfection; none of the 46 patients who were initially H. pylori-negative acquired new infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of reinfection after eradication is low in Indian subjects at the end of one year. The rate of acquisition of new infection is also low in the adult population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, K E M Hospital, Mumbai.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bapat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Bhandarkar
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Phadke
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology