title: Photoangioplasty for human peripheral atherosclerosis: results of a phase I trial of photodynamic therapy with motexafin lutetium (Antrin).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In photoangioplasty, light activation of a photosensitive drug offers the potential for treatment of long segments of vascular disease. This is a brief description of a study designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a new photosensitizer, Antrin (motexafin lutetium), in the endovascular treatment of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An open-label, single-dose, escalating drug- and light-dose study was performed in patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial insufficiency. Clinical evaluation, serial quantitative angiography, and intravascular ultrasonography were performed. Therapy was well tolerated, and only minor side effects were observed. Treatment produced no deleterious vascular effects. Although this study was not designed to examine clinical efficacy, several secondary end points suggested a favorable therapeutic effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This phase I study demonstrates that photoangioplasty with motexafin lutetium is well tolerated and safe. Preliminary efficacy data suggest a future role for the treatment of flow-limiting atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. rockson@leland.stanford.edu
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Rockson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Razavi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szuba
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filardo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yousuf
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: DeVault
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Renschler
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Adelman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents