title: Preventing home health nursing assistant back and shoulder injuries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Franklin County Home Health Agency (St Albans, Vermont) undertook a performance improvement project in 1996 to reduce employee injuries. A review of recent injuries led to the prevention of licensed nursing assistants' (LNAs') back and shoulder injuries as the first priority. Root causes of injuries were agency communication, employee training, patient home environment, nursing assistant body mechanics, and failure to use safety measures. Given that injury causality is complex and multifactorial, a variety of improvement strategies were implemented over the following two to three years. IMPLEMENTATION OF POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS: Short-term (a few months), mid-term (six months), and long-term (one year) potential solutions to the LNA back and shoulder injury problem were charted. Safety and health training was the major focus of the team's short-term plan. Risk management forms were to be used to identify and follow up on hazardous situations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Project plans that were successfully implemented included revision of LNA plans of care, standardization of the return-to-work process after injury, development of guidelines for identifying unsafe patient lifts and transfers, improved follow-up of employee reports of injury-risk situations in patient homes, improved body mechanics screening of new employees, and a stronger injury-prevention training program for current employees. A less successful initiative was aimed at collecting more data about injuries and causal factors. Employee injuries were gradually reduced from 4-10 per quarter to 0-3 per quarter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injury prevention requires commitment, persistence, and patience--but not expensive improvements. Multiple interventions increase the chances of success when there are many root causes and lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness of various approaches.
authors.affiliation: Franklin County Home Health Agency, St Albans, Vermont 05478, USA. eleff@fchha.org
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Leff
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hagenbach
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Marn
mesh_terms: D019567:Back Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D009728:Nursing Assistants / Q000193:education; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012308:Risk Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017751:Safety Management / Q000458:organization & administration; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D013997:Time Factors; D014187:Transportation of Patients; D014481:United States; D014489:United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration