title: High dose ifosfamide in combination with etoposide and epirubicin followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in the treatment of relapsed/refractory Hodgkin's disease: a report on toxicity and efficacy.
abstract: Patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) refractory to first line chemotherapy and those who have rapid or multiple relapses have a very poor prognosis. With the increasing use of hybrid chemotherapy these patients will have been exposed to many of the drugs active in HD so it is important to develop salvage regimens that are novel and demonstrate activity in this group of patients. We report the use of a continuous high dose infusion of ïfosfamide at a dose of 9g/m(2) over 3 days in combination with etoposide and epirubicin followed by autologous stem cell transplant with either BEAM or Melphalan/VP16 conditioning in this difficult group. Forty six patients (28M:18F) with a median age of 28 years (range 13-45) were treated. Overall 39 out of 46 (85%) patients responded to treatment, with 17 achieving complete remission and 11 a good partial remission; 28 proceeded to autologous bone marrow/stem cell transplantation. In total, 23 patients are alive and in continuous remission with a follow up of between 12 and 61 months. Median overall survival for the whole group is 36 months. Haematological toxicity, particularly neutropenia (WHO grade IV), was observed in all cases but improved over the 3 courses of treatment in all patients. Non-haematological toxicity was not a major problem; no significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary or neuro toxicity was observed and there were no deaths on treatment. This regime shows promise in patients with difficult Hodgkin's disease and warrants further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Angus
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Finney
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Galloway
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Goff
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lennard
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: McQuaker
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Windebank
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015251:Epirubicin; D005047:Etoposide; D007069:Ifosfamide