title: Effects of combined administration of zonisamide and valproic acid or phenytoin to nitric oxide production, monoamines and zonisamide concentrations in the brain of seizure-susceptible EL mice.
abstract: This study was undertaken to elucidate the anticonvulsive effects of zonisamide (ZNS: 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), which was coadministered with valproic acid (VPA: 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.), or phenytoin (PHT: 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) to ZNS concentration, nitric oxide metabolites (NOx levels), and monoamines in the brain of the EL mouse, a strain highly susceptible to seizures. NOx levels were obtained from measuring of combined level of nitrite plus nitrate. Coadministration of ZNS with VPA or PHT suppressed convulsive seizures more effectively than with treatment of ZNS alone. Both serum and brain concentrations of ZNS tended to increase as the dose of VPA or PHT was increased. While coadministrations of ZNS (75 mg/kg) and VPA or PHT at any dose did not change brain and serum NOx levels, those altered brain monoamine contents. These results suggested that anticonvulsive effect of coadministrations of ZNS and VPA or PHT were caused by changes of monoamines rather than changes of NO metabolites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan. nagatomo@med4.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagatomo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hashiguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takigawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004347:Drug Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000078305:Zonisamide
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D007555:Isoxazoles; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000078305:Zonisamide; D014635:Valproic Acid; D010672:Phenytoin