title: Traumatic cranial empyemas: a review of 55 patients.
abstract: A 15-year (1983-1997) review of our unit's computed tomographic experience with traumatic cranial empyema (TCE) is reported. Fifty-five patients with documented history and clinical evidence of neurotrauma with secondary cranial empyema at surgery were identified. The clinical records and CT scans were analysed. TCE [four extradural and 51 subdural collections (SDE)] accounted for 7.86% of the total cranial empyemas seen during the study period. Most of the patients were young males (44 patients) and neurological deficits on admission were found only in the SDE group. Forty-one of 53 patients presented with septic compound skull fractures. Fifty-four patients had urgent surgical drainage. Eighty per cent of patients experienced a good outcome (GOS 4 or 5). A morbidity of 16.4% (including postoperative seizures) was noted and eight patients died (mortality rate 14.5%). Urgent surgical drainage, removal of osteitic bone, wound debridement and high dose intravenous antibiotic therapy form the mainstay of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Natal Medical School, Durban, South Africa. nathoo@wwh.und.ac.za
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nathoo
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nadvi
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Van Dellen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D013354:Empyema, Subdural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020204:Skull Fracture, Depressed / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome