title: Needlescopic surgery for cryptorchidism: the initial series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to report the initial experience with needlescopic surgery (2-mm optics and instrumentation exclusively) for the cryptorchid testicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients (age 8 months to 37 years) underwent 12 needlescopic procedures: orchiopexy (n = 8), orchiectomy (n = 2), and diagnostic exploration with attempted excision of testicular remnant (n = 2). Two patients underwent bilateral needlescopic orchiopexy. Needlescopic (2 mm) optics and instrumentation were used exclusively in the pediatric patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were completed successfully by needlescopic techniques. Mean surgical time was 110 minutes (range, 60 to 180 minutes), and blood loss was 6 mL (range, 0 to 20 mL). There were no intraoperative complications. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis. In all 8 orchidopexies, the testis was successfully brought to a scrotal position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Needlescopic techniques allow safe performance of various procedures for a cryptorchid testicle. The cosmetic result is excellent.
authors.affiliation: Section of Laparoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery*; D019723:Endoscopes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009919:Orchiectomy; D013737:Testis / Q000601:surgery