Novel oral cephalosporins.
The therapeutic use of oral cephalosporins to treat infectious diseases continues to challenge clinicians; many attempts have been made over recent years to improve the efficacy and spectrum of these anti-infectives. Many oral cephalosporins are in development and include cefdinir, cefprozil, cefetamet pivoxil, cefcapene pivoxil, cefcanel daloxate hydrochloride in Phase II trials, S-1090 in Phase III trials and the novel compounds E1100, E1101 and BRL-57347. Differences between these drugs are sometimes subtle and the improvement over existing compounds modest, although recent cephalosporins have shown greater activity against Gram-negative bacterial infections. A better knowledge of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interrelationships of existing oral cephalosporins is demanded for a more rational use of these compounds and to avoid the subsequent development of resistance. Perhaps with such an approach, the perceived need for new cephalosporins will diminish.
Cazzola
M
M
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Division of Pneumology and Allergology and Unit of Respiratory Clinical Pharmacology, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy. mcazzola@qubisoft.it
D000284:Administration, Oral; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans
D002511:Cephalosporins; D015507:Drugs, Investigational