title: [Tissue engineering with mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage and bone regeneration].
abstract: Tissue engineering offers the possibility to fabricate living substitutes for tissues and organs by combining histogenic cells and biocompatible carrier materials. Pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are isolated and subcultured ex vivo and then their histogenic differentiation is induced by external factors. The fabrication of bone and cartilage constructs, their combinations and gene therapeutic approaches are demonstrated. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are described by in vitro and in vitro testing. The proof of histotypical function after implantation in vivo is essential. The use of autologous cells and tissue engineering methods offers the possibility to overcome the disadvantages of classical tissue reconstruction--donor site morbidity of autologous grafts, immunogenicity of allogenic grafts and loosening of alloplastic implants. Furthermore, tissue engineering widens the spectrum of surgical indications in bone and cartilage reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Plastische und Handchirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg. schaefer@ch11.uk1.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klemt
authors.forename: X H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Stark
mesh_terms: D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology