title: Extracellular signal regulated protein kinase and c-jun N-terminal kinase are involved in ml muscarinic receptor-enhanced interleukin-2 production pathway in Jurkat cells.
abstract: We have previously shown that m1 and m2 muscarinic receptors were expressed on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBL) and that pre-stimulation of these receptors enhanced phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. Possible intracellular signal pathways of muscarinic receptors to regulate IL-2 production were examined in human T cell line Jurkat cells. Pretreatment of the cells with muscarinic receptor agonist, oxotremorine M (Oxo-M), enhanced IL-2 production induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/A23187, while Oxo-M by itself did not affect IL-2 production. The enhancement of IL-2 production by Oxo-M was inhibited by 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP) an ml/m3 receptor antagonist. When the cells were pretreated with AF-DX116, an m2 antagonist, the IL-2 production enhanced by Oxo-M was further stimulated. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that ml and m2 muscarinic receptors exist on Jurkat cells. The stimulation of ml receptors enhanced the PMA/A23187-induced binding activity to AP-1 consensus sequences in IL-2 promoter and production of c-Fos and c-Jun protein. The stimulation of ml receptors did not modify the DNA binding of NF-kappaB, NF-AT or Oct-1. When ml receptors were stimulated, activities of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were increased, while p38 MAPK was not affected. Incubation with Oxo-M induced a transient increase in [Ca2+]i, which was abolished by pretreatment with 4-DAMP. Treatment with cyclosporin A markedly decreased the PMA/A23187-induced IL-2 promoter activity. This treatment, however, did not affect the enhancement of the promoter activity induced by ml receptor stimulation. The results suggest that transcription factor AP-1 is involved in the ml receptor-mediated enhancement of IL-2 transcript in Jurkat cells, and that pathways via MAPK/ERK and JNK, but not via p38 MAPK, are involved in the ml receptor-mediated enhancement of IL-2 promoter activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ariga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomura
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D012313:RNA; D008156:Luciferases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases