title: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) suppresses TKR-growth factor signaling independent of metalloproteinase inhibition.
abstract: The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) block matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated increases in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion that are associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Here we demonstrate a direct role for TIMP-2 in regulating tyrosine kinase-type growth factor receptor activation. We show that TIMP-2 suppresses the mitogenic response to tyrosine kinase-type receptor growth factors in a fashion that is independent of MMP inhibition. The TIMP-2 suppression of mitogenesis is reversed by the adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ22536, and implicates cAMP as the second messenger in these effects. TIMP-2 neither altered the release of transforming growth factor alpha from the cell surface, nor epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to the cognate receptor, EGFR. TIMP-2 binds to the surface of A549 cells in a specific and saturable fashion (K(d) = 147 pm), that is not competed by the synthetic MMP inhibitor BB-94 and is independent of MT-1-MMP. TIMP-2 induces a decrease in phosphorylation of EGFR and a concomitant reduction in Grb-2 association. TIMP-2 prevents SH2-protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) dissociation from immunoprecipitable EGFR complex and a selective increase in total SHP-1 activity. These studies represent a new functional paradigm for TIMP-2 in which TIMP suppresses EGF-mediated mitogenic signaling by short-circuiting EGFR activation.
authors.affiliation: Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Clinical Sciences, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1500, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hoegy
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Stetler-Stevenson
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D051380:GRB2 Adaptor Protein; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D051380:GRB2 Adaptor Protein; C495948:GRB2 protein, human; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D011506:Proteins; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases