Follicular stromal cells and lymphocyte homing to follicles.
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), the best defined stromal cell subset within lymphoid follicles, play a critical role in presenting intact antigen to B lymphocytes. The discovery that many follicular stromal cells make B-lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC), a CXC chemokine that attracts CXCR5+ cells, provides a basis for understanding how motile B cells come into contact with stationary FDCs. Here we review our work on BLC and discuss properties of BLC-expressing follicular stromal cells. We also review the properties of primary follicle and germinal center FDCs and suggest a model of FDC development that incorporates information about BLC expression. Finally, we consider how antigen recognition causes T and B lymphocytes to undergo changes in chemokine responsiveness that may help direct their movements into, or out of, lymphoid follicles.
Cyster
J G
JG
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 94143-0414, USA. cyster@itsa.ucsf.edu
Ansel
K M
KM
Reif
K
K
Ekland
E H
EH
Hyman
P L
PL
Tang
H L
HL
Luther
S A
SA
Ngo
V N
VN
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism; D020566:Dendritic Cells, Follicular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
C110663:CXCL13 protein, human; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C486386:Cxcl13 protein, mouse; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha