title: GL3 encodes a bHLH protein that regulates trichome development in arabidopsis through interaction with GL1 and TTG1.
abstract: Arabidopsis trichome development and differentiation is a well-studied model for plant cell-fate determination and morphogenesis. Mutations in TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) result in several pleiotropic defects including an almost complete lack of trichomes. The complex phenotype caused by ttg1 mutations is suppressed by ectopic expression of the maize anthocyanin regulator R. Here it is demonstrated that the Arabidopsis trichome development locus GLABRA3 (GL3) encodes an R homolog. GL3 and GLABRA1 (GL1) interact when overexpressed together in plants. Yeast two-hybrid assays indicate that GL3 participates in physical interactions with GL1, TTG1, and itself, but that GL1 and TTG1 do not interact. These data suggest a reiterated combinatorial model for the differential regulation of such diverse developmental pathways as trichome cell-fate determination, root hair spacing, and anthocyanin secondary metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1095, USA.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009024:Morphogenesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C417284:GL3 protein, Arabidopsis; C121067:TTG1 protein, Arabidopsis; C071556:GL1 protein, Arabidopsis