title: Effects of zinc on the reactive oxygen species generating capacity of human neutrophils and on the serum opsonic activity in vitro.
abstract: To investigate the effects of zinc on non-specific immune functions, we used the chemiluminescence method to examine the capacity of human neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species and accompanying serum opsonic activity. When neutrophils were stimulated with both opsonized zymosan and phorbol myristate acetate in the presence of 1-10(-3) mmol/L zinc lucigenin-dependent CL responses were stable or declined, whereas luminol-dependent CL responses were significantly enhanced. The results suggest that zinc activates protein kinase C and promotes MPO degranulation and ROS metabolism, especially in hypochlorous acid production, which have the direct action of causing microbial death. Further, the lucigen-dependent CL response stimulated with OZ was strongly enhanced by anti-MPO antibodies, whereas the enhancement was less in the presence of zinc, suggesting that zinc may suppress the receptor-mediated signal transduction process. Both responses were inhibited at 10 mmol/L. Serum opsonic activity was enhanced by zinc at 10(-4) and 10(-3) mmol/L but reduced at 10 mmol/L. These data indicate that addition of zinc around and above normal physiological concentrations facilitates neutrophil functional activity and serum opsonic activity, whereas these are inhibited by a lack of zinc or an excessive amount, suggesting that zinc is essential for optimal functioning of non-specific immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan. fwkp7432@mb.iinfoweb.ne.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakaji
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugawara
mesh_terms: D000166:Acridines; D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007700:Kinetics; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008165:Luminol; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000097:blood; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000166:Acridines; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C033472:10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium; D008165:Luminol; D015054:Zymosan; D009195:Peroxidase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D015032:Zinc; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate