title: Radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia at the site of earliest activation as determined by noncontact mapping.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most effective method for guiding radiofrequency (RF) ablation of idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) has yet to be determined. We investigated the use of noncontact mapping in five patients with this condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The multielectrode array was positioned in the left ventricular apex via the retrograde approach. Isopotential color maps of ILVT were examined to determine the site of earliest endocardial activation. The ablation catheter was steered to the target site using the locator signal. Pace mapping was performed and contact electrograms examined for diastolic potentials. RF energy was applied to the target site. Sustained ventricular tachycardia was induced in 2 patients and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in 3. The site of earliest activation was at the apical septum in 3, the inferior apex in 1, and the base of the inferior wall in 1. Mean timing was 21 +/- 10 msec before onset of the surface QRS. Diastolic activity was visualized with noncontact mapping at the base of the septum in 1 patient. A Purkinje potential was seen at the ablation site in only 1 patient. No diastolic activity was seen in the remaining 3 patients. Tachycardia was successfully terminated in all 5 patients with a median of four RF applications. No patient suffered a recurrence after 9.6 +/- 4.7 months of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By identifying the precise site of earliest activation during ILVT, noncontact mapping has been shown to be an effective and safe method for guiding RF ablation.
authors.affiliation: Wessex Cardiac Center, Southampton General Hospital, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Betts
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003971:Diastole; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*