title: The Washington, DC, Youth Curfew: effect on transports of injured youth and homicides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Curfews are implemented to curtail youth violence. Trauma systems and emergency medical services (EMS) may need to prepare for changes in patient volume resulting from local ordinances. This study evaluated the impact of the 1995 Washington, DC, Juvenile Curfew Act on EMS transports of injured youth and on youth homicides.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, comparative cohort study was performed. Transports of injured youth and youth homicides were counted in corresponding months of 1994 and 1995. Cohorts were formed by year, time of day, age group, and mechanism of injury. Year-to-year statistical comparisons of injury proportions were performed using the chi square and Fisher's exact tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One thousand forty-eight transports were included. No significant difference was observed in transports with curfew implementation. Most assaults on youth occurred outside the curfew time. No effect of the curfew on homicides was detected. Of 67 homicides, only two victims were under the curfew.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No effect of the curfew on transports for injuries or on homicides was demonstrated. The curfew was not in effect during the period of highest risk.
authors.affiliation: George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. harry.moscovitz@yale.edu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moscovitz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milzman
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haywood
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003415:Crime / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004219:District of Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006708:Homicide / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000517:prevention & control; D011640:Public Policy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control