title: Molecular epidemiology of a large classical swine fever epidemic in the European Union in 1997-1998.
abstract: A big epidemic of classical swine fever (CSF) occurred in the European Community in 1997. The first case was reported at the beginning of January 1997 from Germany. The disease presumably spread to the Netherlands, and from there to Italy, Spain and eventually to Belgium. About 30 isolates from these outbreaks were analysed by comparison of the nucleotide sequence data generated from fragments of both the E2 glycoprotein gene (190 nucleotides) and from the 5'-nontranslated region (5'-NTR; 150 nucleotides). By combining epidemiological data with genetic typing, it was found that the outbreaks were related and caused by a virus belonging to the genetic subgroup 2.1. As this type of virus had been reported infrequently in Europe and not at all since 1993, we postulate that it was newly introduced into the European Union (EU).
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany. iwilke@viro.tiho-hannover.de
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Greiser-Wilke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fritzemeier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koenen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vanderhallen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rutili
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: De Mia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Vizcaino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: San Gabriel
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000145:classification*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C087086:glycoprotein E2, classical swine fever virus