title: Effect of concomitant digoxin and carvedilol therapy on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure.
abstract: We retrospectively performed stepwise logistic regression analysis on 1,509 patients with chronic heart failure in 4 multicenter United States studies and 1 Australia-New Zealand study to examine the effect of digoxin in patients randomized to carvedilol or placebo. Patients receiving digoxin had more advanced heart failure, the incidence of hospitalization for any cause and the combination of all-cause death and all-cause hospitalization were the same in the digoxin versus no-digoxin groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern and Dallas VA Medical Centers, 75216, USA. Eichhorn@Ryburn.swmed.edu
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Eichhorn
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lukas
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shusterman
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004077:Digoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D011336:Probability; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol; D004077:Digoxin