title: Mixed connective tissue disease associated with skin defects of livedoid vasculitis.
abstract: A 21-year-old woman who had a 2-year history of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) developed rapidly evolving ulcers consistent with livedoid vasculitis (LV) in all distal extremities. She presented clinically with Raynaud's phenomenon, polyarthritis and swollen hands; serologically with high titres of ANA and anti-nRNP; and immunogenetically with HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR53. Although there was initial success in treatment except for the skin defects over the ankles, the patient died from disseminated intravascular coagulation. We suggest that LV may be a poor prognostic manifestation in MCTD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatic diseases, Tong-inchon Ghil Hospital, Inchon, Korea.
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D059845:HLA-DRB4 Chains; D006801:Humans; D008947:Mixed Connective Tissue Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012008:Recurrence; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear / Q000276:immunology; D017445:Skin Diseases, Vascular / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; C050610:HLA-DR53; D059845:HLA-DRB4 Chains; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear