title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha impairs contraction but not relaxation in carotid arteries from iNOS-deficient mice.
abstract: We used mice deficient in expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS -/-) to directly examine the role of iNOS in impaired vasoconstrictor responses following tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In iNOS +/+ mice, contraction of carotid arteries in response to prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) was impaired following TNF-alpha (100 microg/kg ip)(n = 10, P < 0.01). In contrast to responses in wild-type mice, contraction to low concentrations of PGF(2alpha) were normal, but maximum contraction to PGF(2alpha) was impaired in arteries from iNOS -/- mice treated with TNF-alpha [0.35 +/-.0.02 g (n = 8) following vehicle and 0.25 +/- 0.02 g (n = 7) following TNF-alpha (P < 0.05)]. Aminoguanidine, a relatively selective inhibitor of iNOS, partially restored contraction to PGF(2alpha) in vessels from iNOS +/+ mice but had no effect in iNOS -/- mice injected with TNF-alpha, suggesting that a mechanism(s) other than iNOS contributes to impaired responses. In contrast to contractile responses, relaxation of the carotid artery in response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside was not altered following TNF-alpha in iNOS +/+ or iNOS -/-mice. Responses of carotid arteries from iNOS -/- mice and effects of aminoguanidine suggest that both iNOS-dependent and iNOS-independent mechanisms contribute to impaired contractile responses following TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, and Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gunnett
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Heistad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loihl
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Faraci
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D015237:Dinoprost; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D000109:Acetylcholine; C004479:pimagedine