title: Cell biology of cardiac development.
abstract: Building a vertebrate heart is a complex task and involves several tissues, including the myocardium, endocardium, neural crest, and epicardium. Interactions between these tissues result in the changes in function and morphology (and also in the extracellular matrix, which serves as a substrate for morphological change) that are requisite for development of the heart. Some of the signaling pathways that mediate these changes have now been identified and several investigators are now filling in the missing pieces in these pathways in hopes of ultimately understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern healthy heart development. In addition, transcription factors that regulate various aspects of heart development have been identified. Transcription factors of the GATA and Nkx2 families are of particular importance for early specification of the heart field and for regulating expression of genes that encode proteins of the contractile apparatus. This chapter highlights some of the most significant discoveries made in the rapidly expanding field of heart development.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kirby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004627:Embryonic Induction; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D006329:Heart Conduction System; D006801:Humans; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000196:embryology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; C578040:MEF2C protein, human; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C102933:tin protein, Drosophila; D002118:Calcium