title: Stereocontrol in cyclophane synthesis: a photochemical method to overlap aromatic rings.
abstract: To overlap aromatic rings in cyclophanes, the inter- and intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of vinylarenes has been developed. It gives cyclophanes, naphthalenophanes, phenanthrenophanes, thiophenophanes, and carbazolophanes in reasonable to excellent yields. The structures and properties of cyclophanes obtained are reviewed; especially the excimer emission of phenanthrenophanes, naphthalenophanes, and carbazolophanes stressed that many intriguing cyclophanes can be obtained through the fine molecular design of precursors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kudo
mesh_terms: D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000737:chemistry; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005453:Fluorescence; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010777:Photochemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D003503:Cyclobutanes; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic