title: Overall self-confidence, self-confidence in mathematics, and sex-role stereotyping in relation to salivary free testosterone in university women.
abstract: This study investigated in 40 young university women the possible relationships between levels of testosterone and specific measures of overall self-confidence and self-confidence in approaching mathematics. Correlations of -.43 and -.49 with each measure of self-confidence, respectively, and level of testosterone were found in the portion of the sample displaying normal ovulatory function. There was no correlation (r=.02) between the measures of mathematics and overall self-confidence. 19 women did not display normal ovulatory function. The only significant result for the full sample was a significant correlation of -.73 between scores on the Bem Sex Role Inventory Masculinity and overall self-confidence. The reasons for the high anovulatory percentage are not clear, nor are the associations which anovulation might have with either hormonal levels or the personality characteristics in question.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco State University, USA. egalois@ix.netcom.com
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zava
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McCoy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000502:physiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012649:Self Concept; D013240:Stereotyping; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone