title: Ureaplasma urealyticum and its association with chronic lung disease in Asian neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present prospective cohort study was to evaluate the relationship between lower respiratory tract colonization with Ureaplasma urealyticum and development of chronic lung disease (CLD) in a high-risk neonatal population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study of preterm infants with a birthweight < 1,500 g needing mechanical ventilation within 24 h of birth in a tertiary care neonatal unit. Endotracheal aspirates from these infants were cultured within 24 h for U. urealyticum and the rate of colonization was determined. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of CLD at 28 days of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 41 infants studied, 10 (24%) infants were colonized with U. urealyticum. The colonization rate was higher in babies < 1,000 g compared with babies weighing 1,000-1,500 g (P = 0.04). There was no significant difference between the colonized and non-colonized groups with regard to the antenatal use of steroids, maternal prolonged rupture of membranes, gestational age, birthweight, sex, respiratory distress syndrome, use of surfactant, patent ductus arteriosus and gastrooesophageal reflux. Of the 37 survivors, 20 (54%) developed CLD; eight infants (88.5%) in the colonized group developed CLD compared with 12 infants (42.8%) in the non-colonized group (P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonates colonized with U. urealyticum were twice as likely to have CLD than non-colonized babies (relative risk 2.01; 95% confidence interval 1.27-3.37). These data suggest a significant association between colonization with U. urealyticum and CLD in infants weighing < 1,500 g.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. agarwal@kk.com.sg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Rajadurai
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Pradeepkumar
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000302:isolation & purification*