title: Exposure to pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field during waking affects human sleep EEG.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by digital radiotelephone handsets affects brain physiology. Healthy, young male subjects were exposed for 30 min to EMF (900 MHz; spatial peak specific absorption rate 1 W/kg) during the waking period preceding sleep. Compared with the control condition with sham exposure, spectral power of the EEG in non-rapid eye movement sleep was increased. The maximum rise occurred in the 9.75-11.25 Hz and 12.5-13.25 Hz band during the initial part of sleep. These changes correspond to those obtained in a previous study where EMF was intermittently applied during sleep. Unilateral exposure induced no hemispheric asymmetry of EEG power. The present results demonstrate that exposure during waking modifies the EEG during subsequent sleep. Thus the changes of brain function induced by pulsed high-frequency EMF outlast the exposure period.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Cote
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wittmann
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gallmann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schuderer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuster
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Borbély
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Achermann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects