Stevens-Johnson syndrome-like exanthema secondary to methotrexate histologically simulating acute graft-versus-host disease.
A 61 year old male patient suffering from psoriasis vulgaris developed a severe skin reaction with toxic myelosuppression three days after administration of 20 mg methotrexate (MTX) p.o. per week and concomitant 100 mg acetylic salicylic acid (ASA) per day. The skin lesions simulated Stevens-Johnson syndrome with ulcerations of the oral mucosa and erythema multiforme-like target lesions. The histology of the epidermis resembled an acute graft-versus-host reaction. The increased toxic effect of MTX on keratinocytes in our patient was most likely caused by a lowered plasma binding capacity and reduced renal excretion of MTX due to concomitant administration of ASA. Thus in the treatment of severe forms of psoriasis with MTX, the combined administration of drugs aggravating MTX toxicity, particularly of ASA, should be carefully considered, due to the increased toxicity and risk of severe skin reactions.
Hani
N
N
Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie der Universität zu Köln, Joseph-Stelzmannstr. 9, 50924 Köln, Germany.
Casper
C
C
Groth
W
W
Krieg
T
T
Hunzelmann
N
N
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*
D008727:Methotrexate