title: Lingual orthodontics (Part 4): Economic lingual treatment (ECO-lingual therapy).
abstract: One key factor in the economic lingual treatment concept presented in this series of articles is the use of prefabricated, customized nickel titanium arch wires with superelasticity and temperature-dependent spring-back qualities (memory effect). Using a modern, e-modulus driven archwire sequence, a non-extraction case can be treated with 1 or 2 wires per arch, and an extraction case with 2 or 3 wires per arch. This article, the last in the Lingual Orthodontics series, uses clinical examples to show the various clinical potentials of these wires with temperature-dependent superelasticity, as not only part of but occasionally all the treatment is done with these prefabricated, customized nickel titanium wires.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Münster, Germany. top@lingualtechnik.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wiechmann
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003481:Cuspid; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D008669:Metallurgy; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C415948:Copper NiTi; D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D003300:Copper; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium