title: Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen and progesterone receptor in human cornea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For treatment of postmenopausal keratoconjunctivitis sicca hormone therapy is favored by some clinicians. The likely morphological basis assessing the hormone receptor status in the human cornea has not been performed. Immunohistochemical staining methods provide the opportunity to evaluate the hormone receptor content within the histologic compartments of the cornea. The aim of our study was to assess and localize immunohistochemical hormone receptor staining in the human cornea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of three pre- and three postmenopausal women were assessed for localization of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression with established immunohistochemical hormone receptor staining methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No nuclear staining reaction was found in the epi- and endothelial layers of the corneas. The stroma of the corneas showed no immunohistochemical staining reaction in all cases. We found cytoplasmatic PR staining of the endothelial layer in two cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no morphological basis in the human cornea for the use of topical steroid hormone treatment in postmenopausal keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Hormone receptor expression in the conjunctiva or in the lacrimal gland may have an impact in some patients showing relief of symptoms in postmenopausal dry eye syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna Medical School, Wahringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria. veronika.vecsei@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Vécsei
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kircher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nagel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Breitenecker
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kohlberger
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003315:Cornea / Q000737:chemistry*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007638:Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone