title: Enzyme compartmentalization during biphasic enamel matrix processing.
abstract: Processing of enamel matrix proteins is essentially biphasic. Secretory stage metalloprotease activity generates a discrete, presumably functional, spectrum of molecules which may also undergo dephosphorylation. Maturation stage serine proteases almost completely destroy the matrix. The present aim was to examine the tissue compartmentalization of these enzyme activities in relation to their possible function. A sequential extraction using synthetic enamel fluid, phosphate buffer and SDS was used to identify enzymes free in the enamel fluid, crystal bound or aggregated with the bulk matrix respectively. Results indicated that the metallo-proteases and alkaline phosphatase were free in the secretory stage enamel fluid while the serine proteases appeared to be largely bound to the maturation stage crystals. The mobility of the metallo-proteases and alkaline phosphatase would ensure efficient initial processing of secretory matrix, while the largely mineral bound serine proteases would ensure retention of protease activity despite massive destruction and protein removal.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology, Leeds Dental Institute, England.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brookes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirkham
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bonass
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
chemical_list: D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases