title: PAN GU: a protein kinase that inhibits S phase and promotes mitosis in early Drosophila development.
abstract: Following completion of meiosis, DNA replication must be repressed until fertilization. In Drosophila, this replication block requires the products of the pan gu (png), plutonium (plu) and giant nuclei (gnu) genes. These genes also ensure that S phase oscillates with mitosis in the early division cycles of the embryo. We have identified the png gene and shown that it encodes a Ser/Thr protein kinase expressed only in ovaries and early embryos, and that the predicted extent of kinase activity in png mutants inversely correlates with the severity of the mutant phenotypes. The PLU and PNG proteins form a complex that has PNG-dependent kinase activity, and this activity is necessary for normal levels of mitotic cyclins. Our results reveal a novel protein kinase complex that controls S phase at the onset of development apparently by stabilizing mitotic cyclins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Whitehead Institute, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. weaver@wi.mit.edu
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Fenger
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Carminati
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Burney-Sigman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kashevsky
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dines
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Elfring
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Orr-Weaver
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005260:Female; D017344:Genes, Insect; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016213:Cyclins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C417221:png protein, Drosophila; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases