title: Kurosu, a traditional vinegar produced from unpolished rice, suppresses lipid peroxidation in vitro and in mouse skin.
abstract: The in vitro antioxidative activities of various kinds of vinegar were investigated by using a linoleic acid autoxidation model detected by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical system. An ethyl acetate extract of Kurosu (EK), a vinegar made from unpolished rice, exhibited the highest antioxidative activity in both systems. EK (5 mg) inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced edema formation (14%) and myeloperoxidase activity (52%, P< 0.01) in female ICR mouse skin. Furthermore, EK significantly suppressed double TPA application-induced H2O2 generation (53%, P< 0.01) and lipid peroxidation determined by the TBA-reacting substance level (95 %, P< 0.01). In a two-stage carcinogenesis experiment with dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/TPA, EK significantly reduced the number of tumors per mouse by 36% (P<0.05) at 15 weeks after promotion. These results suggest that the antitumor-promoting effect may be partially due to the antioxidative properties of EK such as the decomposition of free radicals and interference with free radical-generating leukocytes.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Tamanoi Vinegar Co. Ltd, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishidai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Torikai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohigashi
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015764:Bepridil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D012275:Oryza; D010851:Picrates; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010851:Picrates; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014810:Vitamin E; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D015764:Bepridil; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D019342:Acetic Acid