title: PACAP-38 enhances excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampal CA1 region.
abstract: Specific receptors for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a novel peptide with neuroregulatory and neurotrophic functions, have been identified recently in different brain regions, including the hippocampus. In this study, we examined the effects of PACAP-38 on the excitatory postsynaptic field potentials (fEPSPs) evoked at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. Brief bath application of PACAP-38 (0.05 nM) induced a long-lasting facilitation of the basal transmission. Enhancement of this response was occluded in part by previous high-frequency-induced long-term potentiation (LTP). PACAP-38 did not significantly alter the paired-pulse facilitation (PPF). PACAP-38 has been shown to have a presynaptic effect on the septohippocampal cholinergic terminals, which results in an increase in basal acetylcholine (ACh) release. To assess whether the PACAP-38 enhancement of CA1 synapses was related to the activation of the cholinergic system we examined the effect of this peptide in the presence of atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist. The enhancement of the fEPSPs by PACAP-38 was blocked by bath application of atropine. These results show that PACAP-38 induces facilitation of hippocampal synaptic transmission through activation of the cholinergic system via the muscarinic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute Giuseppe Moruzzi, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roberto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brunelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C495403:Adcyap1 protein, rat; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D001285:Atropine