Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing.
Superoxide is generated by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The transformation of this superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and, under certain conditions, then into hydroxyl radicals is important in diseases where respiratory chain function is abnormal or where superoxide dismutase function is altered, as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In addition, these reactive oxygen species can influence the ageing process through mechanisms involving mutagenesis of mtDNA or increased rates of shortening of telomeric DNA.
Raha
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Metabolism Research Programme, The Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., M5G 1X8, Toronto, Canada.
Robinson
B H
BH
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D004194:Disease; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III