title: Lidocaine for prevention of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation after release of aortic cross-clamping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of a bolus of lidocaine administered by way of the pump before releasing the aortic cross-clamp (ACC) in preventing the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (n = 34).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients received 100 mg of lidocaine by way of the pump 2 minutes before releasing the ACC, and a control group of 17 patients received 5 mL of normal saline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the control group, the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation was 70%, which was significantly decreased to 11% in the lidocaine group. A higher cardiac output after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was observed in the lidocaine group; this may be attributed to the lower incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation and consequently the lower need for defibrillation by electric countershocks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that a bolus of 100 mg of lidocaine administered 2 minutes before release of the ACC can safely decrease the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation and is associated with better hemodynamics after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baraka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawkabani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dabbous
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nawfal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D008012:Lidocaine