title: Effect of oligodeoxynucleotide thrombin aptamer on thrombin inhibition by heparin cofactor II and antithrombin.
abstract: 'Thrombin aptamers' are based on the 15-nucleotide consensus sequence of d(GGTTGGTGTGGTTGG) that binds specifically to thrombin's anion-binding exosite-I. The effect of aptamer-thrombin interactions during inhibition by the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) heparin cofactor II (HCII) and antithrombin (AT) has not been described. Thrombin inhibition by HCII without glycosaminoglycan was decreased approximately two-fold by the aptamer. In contrast, the aptamer dramatically reduced thrombin inhibition by >200-fold and 30-fold for HCII-heparin and HCII-dermatan sulfate, respectively. The aptamer had essentially no effect on thrombin inhibition by AT with or without heparin. These results add to our understanding of thrombin aptamer activity for potential clinical application, and they further demonstrate the importance of thrombin exosite-I during inhibition by HCII-glycosaminoglycans.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pharmacology, and Medicine, and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7035, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Whinna
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Church
mesh_terms: D000991:Antithrombins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D015844:Heparin Cofactor II; D013917:Thrombin