title: Human cytochrome oxidase deficiency.
abstract: The human cytochrome oxidase complex is a multisubunit assembly in the inner mitochondrial membrane responsible for the terminal event in electron transport in which molecular oxygen is reduced. Various phenotypic forms of cytochrome oxidase deficiency have been recognized, the major varieties involving degeneration of the brain stem and basal ganglia (Leigh syndrome) and lactic acidemia. Others include a fatal infantile form, a benign reversible form, and forms with cardiomyopathy. Early recognition of complementation groups within, for instance, the Leigh syndrome group has recently been followed up with a description of the gene defect for three of the nuclear-encoded forms of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency. The three genes indicted, SURF1 for Leigh syndrome, COX 10 for leukodystrophy and tubulopathy, and SCO2 for the cardiomyopathic form, all have a role in the assembly of the mature cytochrome oxidase complex. The description of these gene defects and the role these genes play are discussed in terms of what can be learned about COX assembly and about the etiology of the different phenotypic forms of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Metabolism Research Programme, The Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002648:Child; D030401:Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007888:Leigh Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D011506:Proteins; C400285:SCO2 protein, human; C092928:Surf-1 protein; C490115:COX10 protein, human; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases