title: Decreased c-Src expression enhances osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
abstract: c-src deletion in mice leads to osteopetrosis as a result of reduced bone resorption due to an alteration of the osteoclast. We report that deletion/reduction of Src expression enhances osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, contributing to the increase in bone mass. Bone histomorphometry showed that bone formation was increased in Src null compared with wild-type mice. In vitro, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and nodule mineralization were increased in primary calvarial cells and in SV40-immortalized osteoblasts from Src(-/-) relative to Src(+/+) mice. Src-antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-src) reduced Src levels by approximately 60% and caused a similar increase in ALP activity and nodule mineralization in primary osteoblasts in vitro. Reduction in cell proliferation was observed in primary and immortalized Src(-/-) osteoblasts and in normal osteoblasts incubated with the AS-src. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR revealed upregulation of ALP, Osf2/Cbfa1 transcription factor, PTH/PTHrP receptor, osteocalcin, and pro-alpha 2(I) collagen in Src-deficient osteoblasts. The expression of the bone matrix protein osteopontin remained unchanged. Based on these results, we conclude that the reduction of Src expression not only inhibits bone resorption, but also stimulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, suggesting that the osteogenic cells may contribute to the development of the osteopetrotic phenotype in Src-deficient mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and General Embryology, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marzia
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voit
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Migliaccio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taranta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Faraggiana
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Mundy
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teti
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010022:Osteopetrosis / Q000235:genetics; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010641:Phenotype; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / Q000235:genetics*; D018016:Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D018016:Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase