title: Monotherapy with amlodipine or atenolol versus their combination in stable angina pectoris.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The basic cause of angina pectoris is imbalance between the metabolic needs of the myocardium and the capacity of the coronary circulation to deliver sufficient oxygenated blood to satisfy these needs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was undertaken to evaluate whether the effect of combined amlodipine and atenolol therapy on patients with stable angina pectoris and with ST-depression during exercise testing and 48-h ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring is superior to that of either agent given alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with stable angina pectoris and ST depression during exercise and ambulatory monitoring were randomized to receive amlodipine (n = 116) or atenolol (n = 116), or both (n = 119). All patients were also treated with short- and long-acting nitrates. The design was a double-blind, randomized, triple-arm parallel group study with 10 weeks of administration of the test medication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of time to onset of ST depression > 1 mm, time to onset of angina, total exercise time, maximum achieved workload, and peak intensity of angina, amlodipine and atenolol alone were as effective as their combination. During ambulatory monitoring, atenolol was more effective than amlodipine regarding total time and number of ST-depression episodes, and as effective as the combined drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For individual patients with stable angina pectoris, combination of a beta blocker with a calcium antagonist is not necessarily more effective than either drug given alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Pehrsson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ringqvist
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekdahl
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Karlson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulvenstam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Persson
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009566:Nitrates; D017311:Amlodipine; D001262:Atenolol