title: Development of applied microbiology to modern biotechnology in Japan.
abstract: Development of modern biotechnology in Japan is characterized by unique contributions from applied microbiology and bioindustry. This review tries to summarize these original contributions with special emphasis on industrial production of useful substances by microorganisms. In the first part, development of applied microbiology and bioindustry in the last half of the twentieth century is summarized with a brief overview of the traditional background. In the second part, recent progress is reviewed with citation of typical achievements in biotechnology, applied enzymology, secondary metabolites, genetic engineering, and screening of microbial diversity, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan. beppu@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beppu
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001685:Biological Factors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000266:history; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004798:Enzymes / Q000191:economics / Q000502:physiology*; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000266:history; D007564:Japan; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001685:Biological Factors; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004798:Enzymes