title: Human esophageal smooth muscle cells express muscarinic receptor subtypes M(1) through M(5).
abstract: Receptor characterization in human esophageal smooth muscle is limited by tissue availability. We used human esophageal smooth muscle cells in culture to examine the expression and function of muscarinic receptors. Primary cultures were established using cells isolated by enzymatic digestion of longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM) obtained from patients undergoing esophagectomy for cancer. Cultured cells grew to confluence after 10-14 days in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and stained positively for anti-smooth muscle specific alpha-actin. mRNA encoding muscarinic receptor subtypes M(1)-M(5) was identified by RT-PCR. The expression of corresponding protein for all five subtypes was confirmed by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. Functional responses were assessed by measuring free intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) using fura 2 fluorescence. Basal [Ca(2+)](i), which was 135 +/- 22 nM, increased transiently to 543 +/- 29 nM in response to 10 microM ACh in CM cells (n = 8). This response was decreased <95% by 0.01 microM 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine, a M(1)/M(3)-selective antagonist, whereas 0.1 microM methoctramine, a M(2)/M(4)-selective antagonist, and 0.1 microM pirenzepine, a M(1)-selective antagonist, had more modest effects. LM and CM cells showed similar results. We conclude that human smooth muscle cells in primary culture express five muscarinic receptor subtypes and respond to ACh with a rise in [Ca(2+)](i) mediated primarily by the M(3) receptor and involving release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. This culture model provides a useful tool for further study of esophageal physiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Krysiak
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Laurier
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Preiksaitis
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D003959:Diamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D043588:Receptor, Muscarinic M4; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D017931:DNA Primers; D003959:Diamines; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010880:Piperidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D043588:Receptor, Muscarinic M4; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D010890:Pirenzepine; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; C042375:4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium; D000109:Acetylcholine; C054938:methoctramine; D002118:Calcium