title: [Standards for neonatal intensive care nursing: unit directed management standards].
abstract: The neonate has the right to quality nursing care and the Neonatal Intensive nursing care practitioner is professionally-ethically and personally liable for quality nursing care. The process of quality improvement is a structured, planned and purposeful action were standards are set and the nursing care is evaluated after which remedial steps are taken to improve quality nursing care. In this study the focus is on the first step in the quality assurance cycle:the setting of standards. The purpose of the study is to describe and formulate standards for Neonatal Intensive nursing care which can be utilised as an accreditation instrument for institutional selfevaluation to improve quality nursing care. Standards for Neonatal Intensive nursing care were developed and validated by utilising a three-phase research method. In phase one subjects for standards were identified by a panel of experts. The identification was done by means of a critical debate, after which a preliminary conceptual framework was formulated. During the second phase a literature control was done to refine the conceptual framework. It consisted of a conceptual framework pertaining to unitmanagement (article 1) and an conceptual framework pertaining to high incidency, high risk interactions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The conceptual framework pertaining to the high incidency, high risk interactions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit consisted of: assessment of the neonate preparedness for neonatal resuscitation mechanical ventilation humidification during ventilation physiotherapy and suctioning of the ventilated neonate weaning during mechanical ventilation ecstubation During the third phase, the standards were validated by means of a consencus debate. An accreditation instrument was developed for institutional selfevaluation to improve quality nursing care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The standards that were formulated consisted of standards for unitmanagement (article 1) and standards directed at high incidency, high risk interactions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit which is published in the second article in this series.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dörfling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000068:Accreditation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000592:standards*; D017283:Neonatal Nursing / Q000592:standards*; D016134:Organizational Policy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000458:organization & administration