title: Carcinoma of the maxillary antrum: a retrospective analysis of 110 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer of the maxillary antrum is a rare disease with a variety of treatment options. The present study was undertaken to review the outcome of patients with carcinoma of the maxillary antrum managed at a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 110 cases of carcinoma of the maxillary antrum managed with curative intent during the time period 1976-1993 was performed. There were 33 females and 77 males; the median age was 64 years (range 38-89). The median follow-up time was 4 years (range from 2 months to 17 years). The majority of patients presented with locally advanced disease (78 T4 tumours); nodal involvement was observed in 17/110 cases. Histologic subtypes included in the analysis were limited to squamous cell carcinoma (95 cases) and undifferentiated carcinoma (15 cases). Patients were managed with either primary radiation therapy with surgery reserved for salvage (83/110) or with a planned combined approach with surgery and either pre or postoperative radiation (27/110).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The actuarial 5-year cause-specific survival rate was 43%. The 5-year local control rate was 42%. Of 63 patients with local failure, 25 underwent salvage surgery with a subsequent 5-year cause-specific survival of 31%. Multiple regression analysis of patient, disease and treatment related variables identified local disease extent and nodal disease at presentation as the only variables independently associated with cause-specific survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This analysis indicates that survival from carcinoma of the maxillary antrum is poor with outcome strongly related to local disease extent. The best treatment strategy for this disease remains undefined. Salvage surgery can result in prolonged survival in selected patients experiencing local failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Waldron
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gullane
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Witterick
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Warde
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cummings
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008444:Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate