title: Measurement of soluble adhesion molecules in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and in Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to connective tissue diseases.
abstract: Adhesion molecules play a role in the inflammation and pathogenesis of vascular diseases. In 13 patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon, 19 with Raynaud's phenomenon associated with connective tissue disease, and 16 control subjects, we measured plasma levels of soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and von Willebrand factor. Patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon had plasma levels of soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule- 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and von Willebrand factor which were significantly higher than in those with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and controls, while no difference was observed between patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and controls. Within the group with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, the strongest correlations were between soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and both E-selectin, (r=0.67, P<0.001) and von Willebrand factor (r=0.58, P<0.01). In none of the three groups were the levels of soluble adhesion molecules and von Willebrand factor changed by exposure of hands to cold, although all patients had a definite vasospasm. In conclusion, this study indicates that primary Raynaud's phenomenon is not associated with elevation of soluble adhesion molecules and von Willebrand factor. Prospective studies are now required to investigate the role of these molecules as predictors of secondary diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brevetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Caterina
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Martone
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silvestro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spadaro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scopacasa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D012995:Solubility; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1