title: A randomised, prospective, phase III clinical trial of primary bleomycin, ifosfamide and cisplatin (BIP) chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in inoperable cancer of the cervix.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phase II studies have shown primary (neo-adjuvant) chemotherapy with bleomycin, ifosfamide and cisplatin (BIP) is active against inoperable cervical cancer. We present here results of a randomised phase III multicentre trial comparing radical radiotherapy with neo-adjuvant BIP chemotherapy followed by radical radiotherapy in patients with inoperable cervical cancer, designed to discover whether this combination might improve survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with inoperable cervical carcinoma were randomised to pelvic radiotherapy alone [RT] or two to three cycles of bleomycin 30 units/24-hour infusion, ifosfamide 5 g/m2/24 hours, and cisplatin 50 mg/m2) chemotherapy followed by pelvic radiotherapy (BIP + RT). Randomisation was stratified by stage and radiotherapy centre.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seventy-two eligible women were randomised into this trial; eighty-six to RT and eighty-six to BIP + RT. A total of 190 cycles of chemotherapy were given. Median follow-up for the 47 patients still alive is 9 years with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Complete or partial response occurred in 51 of 86 (59%) of those randomised to RT and 60 of 86 (69%) of those randomised to BIP + RT. The difference between response rates does not reach statistical significance (chi2 = 2.06, P = 0.15). Median survival is two years with an actuarial survival at five years of 32% (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 25%-39%). There is no significant difference between the treatment groups (chi2log-rank = 0.11, P = 0.74).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not show any survival benefit from the use of neo-adjuvant BIP chemotherapy in advanced cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: CRC Trials Unit, Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herod
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buxton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tobias
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luesley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Poole
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010388:Pelvis / Q000528:radiation effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide