title: Localization of myocilin to the golgi apparatus in Schlemm's canal cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Biochemical and genetic evidence suggests that overexpression of or mutations in myocilin within the cells of the aqueous humor outflow pathway play a significant role in the development of steroid-induced and several other open-angle glaucomas. As a baseline to understanding the normal and pathologic function of myocilin, we determined the subcellular localization of myocilin in steroid-treated human Schlemm's canal endothelial (SC) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  SC cells were grown to confluence, treated with dexamethasone for 10 days, and then stained using antibodies against myocilin, tubulin, or beta-COP (a specific golgi protein) or vital stains for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and golgi. Brefeldin A (BFA) and nocodazol (NZ) were used to disrupt the golgi or microtubules.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors found that myocilin staining was (a) always centered around the centrosome, (b) very similar to the pattern seen with NBD-ceramide, (c) was disrupted in characteristic ways by BFA and NZ and (d) showed extensive colocalization with beta-COP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that myocilin is localized to the golgi in SC cells. Such localization is consistent with myocilin being processed for secretion but is also consistent with sequence analysis and other data that suggest that myocilin or myocilin mutations might be targeted to the cytoplasmic face of the golgi, and under some circumstances play a role in or interfere with golgi or vesicle function. How such interference could eventually lead to open angle glaucoma is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. etobrien@email.unc.edu
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D020126:Brefeldin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020756:Coatomer Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015739:Nocodazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000099179:Myocilin
chemical_list: D020126:Brefeldin A; D020756:Coatomer Protein; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D003907:Dexamethasone; D005136:Eye Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D015739:Nocodazole; D014404:Tubulin; D000099179:Myocilin