title: The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE)-encoded regulator controls expression of both LEE- and non-LEE-encoded virulence factors in enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.
abstract: Regulation of virulence gene expression in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) is incompletely understood. In EPEC, the plasmid-encoded regulator Per is required for maximal expression of proteins encoded on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), and a LEE-encoded regulator (Ler) is part of the Per-mediated regulatory cascade upregulating the LEE2, LEE3, and LEE4 promoters. We now report that Ler is essential for the expression of multiple LEE-located genes in both EPEC and EHEC, including those encoding the type III secretion pathway, the secreted Esp proteins, Tir, and intimin. Ler is therefore central to the process of attaching and effacing (AE) lesion formation. Ler also regulates the expression of LEE-located genes not required for AE-lesion formation, including rorf2, orf10, rorf10, orf19, and espF, indicating that Ler regulates additional virulence properties. In addition, Ler regulates the expression of proteins encoded outside the LEE that are not essential for AE lesion formation, including TagA in EHEC and EspC in EPEC. delta ler mutants of both EPEC and EHEC show altered adherence to epithelial cells and express novel fimbriae. Ler is therefore a global regulator of virulence gene expression in EPEC and EHEC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sperandio
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Girón
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mellies
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wainwright
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: McDaniel
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kaper
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins