title: Raloxifene: A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with multiple target system effects.
abstract: Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) exhibit a pharmacologic profile characterized by estrogen agonist activity in some tissues with estrogen antagonist activity in other tissues. These compounds were initially called "antiestrogens," but it was subsequently recognized that this inadequately described their spectrum of activities. The first widely used SERM, tamoxifen, has estrogen antagonist activity in breast tissue but shows estrogen-like activity in other tissues. Raloxifene is another SERM in clinical use, and it was developed to avoid some of the undesirable estrogen agonist actions of other SERMs to improve the drug safety profile. Raloxifene has been introduced for clinical use in treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. This review will explore the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of raloxifene, and compare it to other SERMs currently available for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Dmuch@lilly.com
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Muchmore
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D001940:Breast / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012306:Risk; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride