title: The International Collaborative Study of Maternal Phenylketonuria: status report 1998.
abstract: The Maternal Phenylketonuria Study began in 1984 and during the intervening years, 572 pregnancies in hyperphenylalaninemic women and 99 controls and their outcomes have been evaluated. Among hyperphenylalaninemic women who delivered a live infant, only 15.9% were treated and in metabolic control preconceptually, however, another 18.4% were in control by 10 weeks. Compared to the results reported by Lenke and Levy in 1980, there is a marked improvement in outcome with treatment. Microcephaly was unusual in preconceptually treated pregnancies with well controlled phenylalanine restricted diets. Even in pregnancies that established control after conception but before the 8th week, congenital heart disease did not occur in the offspring, however, it did occur in 12% of pregnancies not achieving control until after 10 weeks of pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The recommended level of blood phenylalanine during pregnancy is 120-360 mumol/l. Best results were obtained by close cooperation between the attending obstetrician and a metabolic team experienced in the care of persons with phenylketonuria.
authors.affiliation: Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matalon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rouse
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trefz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waisbren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Michals-Matalon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Güttler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ullrich
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de la Cruz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D017042:Phenylketonuria, Maternal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012106:Research
chemical_list: D010649:Phenylalanine