title: Neuronal and astroglial injuries in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic arch replacement during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: More than 50% of patients suffer neuropsychologic impairment after cardiac surgery. We measured neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein (S-100) in patients' serum as putative markers of neuronal and astroglial cell injury, respectively. Group I (n = 13) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB); Group II (n = 6) underwent aortic arch replacement with deep hypothermic CPB; Group III (n = 8) underwent CABG under normothermia without CPB. During and after the operation, serum levels of NSE and S-100 were significantly increased only in Groups I and II (during CPB), NSE still being increased 12 h after surgery in Group II. This suggests that neuronal and astroglial cell injuries are more likely in patients undergoing CABG with mild hypothermic CPB or aortic arch replacement with deep hypothermic CPB than in those undergoing CABG under normothermia without CPB. However, these increases of NSE and S-100 failed to reflect clinical brain damage. Rather, an electroencephalogram, was only capable of detecting neurologic complications after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuronal and astroglial cell injuries are likely to occur during coronary artery bypass grafting with mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or aortic arch replacement with deep hypothermic CPB. Conversely, patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without CPB under normothermic conditions may be less likely to suffer brain cell injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Derkach
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009418:S100 Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase