title: Injection of iron compounds followed by induction of the stress response causes tissue injury and apoptosis.
abstract: To determine whether iron-laden tissue subsequently stimulated to produce the stress ("heat shock") response-sustained injury, hindlimbs of male ND4 mice were injected with iron salts, hemin, or hemoglobin. The stress response was induced with sodium arsenite or with heat. Ulcers appeared at the injection site. Tissues were analyzed by three distinct techniques-electron microscopy, TUNEL stain, and agarose gel electrophoresis of low molecular weight DNA-which collectively suggest that the tissue injury is, at least in part, the consequence of accelerated apoptosis. The data suggest that the toxicity of free iron is amplified by induction of the stress (heat shock) response to signal a programmed response. This model and mechanism may have implications in pathological processes ranging from the cutaneous wounds of venous stasis disease to the tissue failure of multiple organ dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110-1093, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hotchkiss
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tinsley
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Karl
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Buchman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000502:physiology*; D006427:Hemin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D014456:Ulcer / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D006427:Hemin; D007501:Iron