title: Convulsive seizures induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate microinjection into the mesencephalic reticular formation in rats.
abstract: Effects of microinjections of a single 2 or 10 nmol dose of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) into the unilateral mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF) on behavior and electroencephalogram were examined in rats (n=18) during a 15 min period (Exp. 1), and subsequent effects of sound stimulation with key jingling applied at 15, 30, and 45 min after the injections were observed (Exp. 2). The microinjections of 2 nmol dose of NMDA (n=10) induced hyperactivity (9 of 10 rats) and running/circling (8 of 10 rats) in Exp. 1, and hyperactivity (3 of 10 rats) in Exp. 2. Moreover, the microinjections of 10 nmol dose of NMDA (n=8) induced not only hyperactivity (8 of 8 rats) and running/circling (7 of 8 rats) but also generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) (5 of 8 rats) in Exp. 1; these seizure patterns were also elicited by sound stimulation in Exp. 2. The seizure patterns were accompanied by electroencephalographic seizure discharges in the MRF and the motor cortex. In contrast, the control group rats (n=10) which received a single dose of saline microinjection into the unilateral MRF showed no behavioral or electroencephalographic changes in both Exp. 1 and 2. These findings suggest that the MRF has an important role in the development of GTCS, which follows hyperactivity and running/circling, and that potentiation of excitatory neurotransmission in the MRF participates in the development of audiogenic seizures as well as GTCS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Asahikawa Medical College, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1-1, 078-8510, Asahikawa, Japan. ishimoto@asahikawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishimoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mutoh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiba
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000502:physiology*; D008845:Microinjections; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000502:physiology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D016202:N-Methylaspartate