title: A pooled data analysis on the use of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy for the prevention and treatment of corticosteroid induced bone loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a pooled data analysis in a group of patients defined by sex, menopausal status, and underlying disease in order to examine the effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate in the prevention and treatment of corticosteroid induced osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 5 randomized, placebo controlled studies that examined the efficacy of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy in which the raw data were available for analysis. Three were prevention studies and 2 treatment studies. The primary outcome was the difference between treatment groups in the percentage change from baseline in lumbar spine bone density. Secondary outcomes included the difference between treatment groups in the percentage change from baseline in femoral neck and trochanter bone density, and vertebral fracture rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results are separately pooled for the prevention and treatment studies. The prevention studies had significant mean differences (95% CI) between groups in mean percentage change from baseline in lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter bone density of 3.7 (2.6 to 4.7), 1.7 (0.4 to 2.9), and 2.8% (1.3 to 4.2) after one year of treatment, in favor of the etidronate group. The treatment studies displayed a mean difference between groups in mean percentage change from baseline in lumbar spine bone density of 4.8 (2.7 to 6.9) and 5.4% (2.5 to 8.4) after one and 2 years of therapy. In the prevention studies, a reduced fracture incidence was observed in the etidronate group compared with the placebo group (relative risk 0.50; CI 0.21 to 1.19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Etidronate therapy was effective in preventing bone loss in the prevention studies and in preventing or slightly increasing bone mass in the treatment studies. A fracture benefit was observed in postmenopausal women treated with etidronate in the prevention studies.
authors.affiliation: St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moniz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dequeker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Cawley
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Walker-Bone
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pack
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Laan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geusens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D016239:MEDLINE; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012968:Etidronic Acid