title: Third-generation synchrotron x-ray diffraction of 6-microm crystal of raite, approximately Na3Mn3Ti0.25Si8O20(OH)2.10H2O, opens up new chemistry and physics of low-temperature minerals.
abstract: The crystal structure of raite was solved and refined from data collected at Beamline Insertion Device 13 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, using a 3 x 3 x 65 microm single crystal. The refined lattice constants of the monoclinic unit cell are a = 15.1(1) A; b = 17.6(1) A; c = 5.290(4) A; beta = 100.5(2) degrees; space group C2/m. The structure, including all reflections, refined to a final R = 0.07. Raite occurs in hyperalkaline rocks from the Kola peninsula, Russia. The structure consists of alternating layers of a hexagonal chicken-wire pattern of 6-membered SiO4 rings. Tetrahedral apices of a chain of Si six-rings, parallel to the c-axis, alternate in pointing up and down. Two six-ring Si layers are connected by edge-sharing octahedral bands of Na+ and Mn3+ also parallel to c. The band consists of the alternation of finite Mn-Mn and Na-Mn-Na chains. As a consequence of the misfit between octahedral and tetrahedral elements, regions of the Si-O layers are arched and form one-dimensional channels bounded by 12 Si tetrahedra and 2 Na octahedra. The channels along the short c-axis in raite are filled by isolated Na(OH,H2O)6 octahedra. The distorted octahedrally coordinated Ti4+ also resides in the channel and provides the weak linkage of these isolated Na octahedra and the mixed octahedral tetrahedral framework. Raite is structurally related to intersilite, palygorskite, sepiolite, and amphibole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geophysical Sciences, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, Geological/Soil/Environmental, and Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pluth
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Pushcharovsky
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Semenov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bram
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riekel
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Broach