title: Regional anesthesia of the infraorbital and inferior alveolar nerves during noninvasive tooth pulp stimulation in halothane-anesthetized cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether anesthesia of the infraorbital and inferior alveolar nerves abolishes reflex-evoked muscle action potentials (REMP) during tooth-pulp stimulation in halothane-anesthetized cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 healthy adult cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  In halothane-anesthetized cats, an anodal electrode was attached to the tooth to be stimulated and a platinum needle cathodal electrode was inserted in adjacent gingival mucosa. Cathodal and anodal electrodes were moved to the upper and lower canine, upper fourth premolar, and lower first molar teeth for stimulation; baseline REMP was recorded. A 25-gauge 1-cm needle was inserted 0.5 cm into the infraorbital canal. A 25-gauge 1-cm needle was inserted 1 cm rostral to the angular process of the ramus, and advanced 0.5 cm along the medial aspect. Chloroprocaine was injected at each site. Each tooth was stimulated every 10 minutes for 90 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  REMP was abolished within 10 minutes for all upper teeth, except for the upper canine tooth in 1 cat, and abolished within 10 minutes for lower teeth in 4 cats. In 1 cat, REMP was not abolished in the lower first molar tooth. In 3 cats, REMP was not abolished in the lower canine and first molar teeth. At 90 minutes, REMP was restored for all teeth except the lower canine tooth in 1 cat, for which REMP was restored at 120 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regional anesthesia of the infraorbital and inferior alveolar nerves may provide dental analgesia in cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jarboe
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dodam
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polkow-Haight
mesh_terms: D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000662:veterinary*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003782:Dental Pulp; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000187:drug effects; D006221:Halothane; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011343:Procaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D011343:Procaine; C004616:chloroprocaine; D006221:Halothane