title: Pre-penile arteries are dominant in the regulation of penile vascular resistance in the rat.
abstract: The amount of blood flow into the penis that will produce an erection is dependent on the sum of inflow resistance from the feeder arteries, arterioles and the intra-penile vasculature. In the present study, our objective was to determine quantitatively the contribution to inflow resistance of these different components of the rat penile vasculature. Using methods developed previously, we determined the resistance properties of the isolated perfused whole penis in situ, both in an intact system and after serial transactions of the vessels. These cuts eliminated progressively larger distal segments of the vascular bed. Perfusion pressures were recorded at different flow rates (0.5-3 ml/min/kg body weight) under conditions of maximal dilatation and maximal vasoconstriction induced by methoxamine (MXA, 40 microg/ml). Regardless of the level of vascular tone, the pudendal artery contributes approximately 70% of the total resistance of the penile vasculature. In contrast, the vasculature within the penis (tip, shaft, crus) contributes only about one quarter of the resistance. Penile arterial inflow resistance properties both at maximal vasodilation and maximal alpha1-adrenergic constriction are dominated by the extra-penile vasculature in the rat. The implications of these findings are that alterations in the pudendal-artery (eg vasodilation, vasoconstriction, stenosis) would have primary control of arterial inflow and suggest an important role for pharmacological agents which can promote a more generalized vasodilation (eg phosphodiesterase inhibitors) in contrast to selective corpus cavernosal agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kumon
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D001160:Arterioles / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D008297:Male; D008729:Methoxamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D008729:Methoxamine