title: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and idiopathic CD4+lymphocytopenia: a case report and review of reported cases.
abstract: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a well recognized demyelinating neurological disorder caused by JC virus. Idiopathic CD4(+) lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a syndrome first described by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a CD4(+) count <300 cells/mm(3) or a CD4(+) count that is <20% of the total T cell count on 2 occasions, with no evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on testing, and absence of any defined immunodeficiency or therapy that depresses the levels of CD4(+) T cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third reported case of PML and ICL, and also the first reported case of the use of cidofovir to treat PML in a patient not infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. shariqh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nafziger
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brar
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fogle
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018344:T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D003596:Cytosine; D000077404:Cidofovir