title: Experimental evaluation of a mathematical model for predicting transfer efficiency of a high volume-low pressure air spray gun.
abstract: The transfer efficiency of a spray-painting gun is defined as the amount of coating applied to the workpiece divided by the amount sprayed. Characterizing this transfer process allows for accurate estimation of the overspray generation rate, which is important for determining a spray painter's exposure to airborne contaminants. This study presents an experimental evaluation of a mathematical model for predicting the transfer efficiency of a high volume-low pressure spray gun. The effects of gun-to-surface distance and nozzle pressure on the agreement between the transfer efficiency measurement and prediction were examined. Wind tunnel studies and non-volatile vacuum pump oil in place of commercial paint were used to determine transfer efficiency at nine gun-to-surface distances and four nozzle pressure levels. The mathematical model successfully predicts transfer efficiency within the uncertainty limits. The least squares regression between measured and predicted transfer efficiency has a slope of 0.83 and an intercept of 0.12 (R2 = 0.98). Two correction factors were determined to improve the mathematical model. At higher nozzle pressure settings, 6.5 psig and 5.5 psig, the correction factor is a function of both gun-to-surface distance and nozzle pressure level. At lower nozzle pressures, 4 psig and 2.75 psig, gun-to-surface distance slightly influences the correction factor, while nozzle pressure has no discernible effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Flynn
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D000399:Air Pressure; D004867:Equipment Design; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010150:Paint; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational