title: A comparison of heroin chasers with heroin injectors in Switzerland.
abstract: In a cross-sectional multicentre study, we compared the characteristics of heroin chasers and heroin injectors. Subjects were 162 primarily opioid-dependent volunteers for whom either chasing (n = 85) or injecting (n = 77) was the principal route of heroin administration. Each subject was rated by means of the Swiss version of the European Addiction Severity Index. Additionally, subjects completed a questionnaire battery including the Severity of Dependence Scale, the Symptom Checklist SCL-90-R, a self-constructed peergroup questionnaire and a semantic differential list to assess the connotative meaning of heroin chasers and injectors. The heroin injectors were older and more likely to use one or more other drugs besides heroin than the chasers. They had longer heroin-using careers, a longer duration of detention and a higher prevalence of some type of hepatitis. In conclusion, the differences between chasers and injectors were rather related to a longer history of heroin use than to the route of heroin administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Switzerland. stohler@spd.unizh.ch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stohler
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Dürsteler-Mac Farland
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gramespacher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petitjean
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Battegay
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ladewig
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs