Leukocytes navigate by compass: roles of PI3Kgamma and its lipid products.
Morphologic polarity is necessary for the motility of mammalian cells. In leukocytes responding to a chemoattractant, this polarity is regulated by activities of small Rho guanosine triphosphatases (Rho GTPases) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Moreover, in neutrophils, lipid products of PI3Ks appear to regulate activation of Rho GTPases, are required for cell motility and accumulate asymmetrically to the plasma membrane at the leading edge of polarized cells. By spatially regulating Rho GTPases and organizing the leading edge of the cell, PI3Ks and their lipid products could play pivotal roles not only in establishing leukocyte polarity but also as compass molecules that tell the cell where to crawl.
Rickert
P
P
Depts of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0450, USA.
Weiner
O D
OD
Wang
F
F
Bourne
H R
HR
Servant
G
G
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D058544:Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D000199:Actins; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058544:Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; C546760:PIK3CG protein, human; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins