title: Plant lipocalins: violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase.
abstract: Violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase catalyze the interconversions between the carotenoids violaxanthin, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin in plants. These interconversions form the violaxanthin or xanthophyll cycle that protects the photosynthetic system of plants against damage by excess light. These enzymes are the first reported lipocalin proteins identified from plants and are only the second examples of lipocalin proteins with enzymatic activity. This review summarizes the discovery and characterization of these two unique lipocalin enzymes and examines the possibility of other potential plant lipocalin proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, University of Hawai'i-Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hieber
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bugos
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D018745:Genome, Plant; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C023290:violaxanthin de-epoxidase; C097153:zeaxanthin epoxidase