title: Effect of a 30-minute infusion of dobutamine hydrochloride on hind limb blood flow and hemodynamics in halothane-anesthetized horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of dobutamine hydrochloride (0.5 microg/kg of body weight/min) in halothane-anesthetized horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 adult Thoroughbred horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthesia was induced by use of romifidine (100 microg/kg) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg), IV. Anesthesia was maintained by halothane (end-tidal concentration 0.9 to 1.0%). Aortic, left ventricular, and right atrial pressures were measured, using catheter-mounted strain gauge transducers. Cardiac output (CO), velocity time integral, maximal aortic blood flow velocity and acceleration, and left ventricular preejection period and ejection time were measured from aortic velocity waveforms obtained by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. Velocity waveforms were recorded from the femoral vessels, using Doppler ultrasonography. The time-averaged mean velocity and early diastolic deceleration slope (EDDS) were measured. Pulsatility index (PI) and volumetric flow were calculated. Microvascular perfusion was measured in the semimembranosus muscles by laser Doppler flowmetry. Data were recorded 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia (control) and at 15 and 30 minutes after start of an infusion of dobutamine (0.5 microg/kg/min).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aortic pressures were significantly increased during the infusion of dobutamine. No change was observed in the indices of left ventricular systolic function including CO. Femoral arterial flow significantly increased, and the PI and EDDS decreased. No change was observed in the femoral venous flow or in microvascular perfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At this dosage, dobutamine did not alter left ventricular systolic function. Femoral blood flow was preferentially increased as the result of local vasodilatation. The lack of effect of dobutamine on microvascular perfusion suggests that increased femoral flow is not necessarily associated with improved perfusion of skeletal muscles.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Raisis
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Blissitt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Meire
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lekeux
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D006221:Halothane; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004280:Dobutamine; D006221:Halothane