title: Depletion of brain norepinephrine does not reduce spontaneous ambulatory activity of rats in the home cage.
abstract: 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of brain noradrenergic neurons and terminals were made in rats to assess the importance of forebrain norepinephrine (NE) for mediating circadian patterns of spontaneous ambulatory activity that rats show in the home cage. 6-OHDA was injected intracranially into the fibers of the ascending noradrenergic dorsal and ventral bundle pathways or infused into the lateral ventricle or both. Rats living in a 12/12 h light/dark cycle exhibit a marked increase in ambulatory activity during the dark period in comparison to the light period and a 'W-shaped' pattern of activity during the 12 h of the dark phase. Results showed that near-total depletion of brain NE did not impair the capacity to generate normal patterns of spontaneous ambulatory activity that occur in the home cage. In the animals that sustained the most complete NE lesions, the amounts of activity generated at times of peak activity were exaggerated in comparison to the control animals, which is consistent with the possibility that NE in the brain exerts a moderating influence on behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory West Campus, 1256 Briarcliff Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Murrough
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Boss-Williams
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bonsall
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007267:Injections; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D013565:Sympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013565:Sympatholytics; D016627:Oxidopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine