title: Hepatocellular carcinoma after long-term tamoxifen therapy.
abstract: We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after long term tamoxifen therapy in a 71-year-old woman. The patient was prescribed tamoxifen for 12 years following right mastectomy and axillary node clearance for breast carcinoma in 1985. In 1997, she complained of abdominal pain and fullness. An abdominal ultrasound scan showed lesions in the right lobe of liver which were thought to be metastases. However, a biopsy showed primary HCC. Studies in rats suggest that tamoxifen is involved in hepatic carcinogenesis but studies in humans have failed to show any increased risk. However, these studies followed up patients for less than five years. An increased risk of HCC may not become apparent until after a decade or more of tamoxifen therapy. In addition, HCC in tamoxifen treated patients may be under-reported since there may be reluctance to biopsy liver tumours which are assumed to be secondary carcinoma of the breast.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Pathology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Moffat
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Oien
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habeshaw
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: McLellan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008408:Mastectomy; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen