title: A comparison of digital and screen-film mammography using quality control phantoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of a direct digital mammography system with normal-view and magnified-view conventional screen-film methods using quality control phantoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a Siemens Mammomat((R))3000 and an Opdima((R))digital spot imaging and biopsy attachment, film and direct digital images of two phantoms [DuPont and TOR (MAM)] were obtained under normal operating conditions. These were assessed by three groups of observers with differing expertise - radiologists, radiographers and medical physicists. Each observer was asked to compare the direct digital image with films taken in standard view and magnified view, providing scores for object visibility and confidence. For the digital images, observers were allowed to vary the image presentation parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both phantoms showed that overall the direct digital view and the magnified view film performed significantly better (P < 0.05) than standard view film. For certain small or low contrast objects the differences became very highly significant (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only the TOR (MAM) phantom showed any significant difference between digital and magnified modalities, with magnified views performing better for fine, faint filaments and digital acquisition better for low contrast objects. Almost no difference existed between the three observer groups. Undrill, P. E. (2000). Clinical Radiology53, 782-790.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Physics and Bioengineering, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland. undrill@biomed.abdn.ac.uk
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Undrill
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: O'Kane
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011786:Quality Control; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014963:X-Ray Intensifying Screens