title: Evaluation of early postoperative results after bicaval versus standard cardiac transplantation and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have been inconsistent in defining a clinical benefit to the bicaval cardiac transplantation technique relative to the standard technique, and many major centers have not adopted this newer approach. The purpose of this study was to determine whether clinically significant benefits support utilization of the bicaval technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight consecutive adult patients undergoing a standard cardiac transplant were compared with 75 consecutive patients who underwent the bicaval technique during the period from 1991 to 1999. Etiology, recipient sex, recipient age, donor age, and pulmonary vascular resistance were similar between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac index at 24 hours after operation was increased for the bicaval group relative to the standard group (3.15 +/- 0.7 vs 2.7 +/- 0.5 L/min/m(2), P <. 05). Inotropic requirements were significantly less, and there was significantly less tricuspid regurgitation in the bicaval group relative to the standard group. In addition, the bicaval group more frequently had a nonpaced normal sinus rhythm at 24 hours after operation (73.9% vs 50.7% [standard group], P =.025) and had fewer postoperative arrhythmias (29.3% vs 47.7% [standard group], P <.01). Finally, although mortality was similar for the two groups, length of postoperative hospitalization was longer for the standard group relative to the bicaval group (12.1 +/- 11 vs 20.4 +/- 12 days, P <. 001). Review of the literature identified reduced tricuspid regurgitation and improved rhythm as consistent benefits of the bicaval technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review demonstrates a clinical benefit during the early postoperative period with bicaval cardiac transplantation (relative to standard) and encourages further utilization of this technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. milan002@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Trigt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaggers
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Glower
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Higginbotham
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Landolfo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome