title: Microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy: assessment in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To reevaluate the role of microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy for the treatment of obstructive azoospermia in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University infertility clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one patients with obstructive azoospermia who underwent microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The overall patency and live-birth rates and factors that influenced the surgical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall patency rate after surgery was 68.9% (42/61) and the live-birth rate 31.1% (19/61). Of the 19 live-birth cases, 11 were achieved by natural means and 2 were achieved by conventional IVF soon after the operation, then subsequently by natural conception. The remaining 6 were the result of conventional IVF after surgery. An analysis of the potential prognostic factors previously associated with epididymovasostomy indicated that none had a statistically significant correlation with surgical outcome. In cases of patency, the partners were stratified into a younger group (21-30 years; n = 12) and an older group (31-36 years; n = 30). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the live-birth rate regardless of the means of conception (natural versus conventional IVF).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the results obtained by microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy are comparable to those obtained with the use of IVF and ICSI. Even in this era of ICSI, the option of microsurgical single tubular epididymovasostomy should be considered because ICSI involves surgery to retrieve sperm and complex invasive treatment of the wife.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Paick
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001723:Birth Rate; D004822:Epididymis / Q000601:surgery*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000601:surgery*; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D014669:Vasovasostomy / Q000379:methods*