title: IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha posttranscriptionally down-regulate the IL-4-induced IL-4 receptor gene expression.
abstract: As Th1 and Th2 cytokines, IFN-gamma/alpha and IL-4 counterregulate diverse immune functions. In particular, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha have been reported to markedly suppress the IL-4-induced IgE production and type II IgE receptor (FcepsilonRII/CD23) expression. Because modulation of IL-4R may be an important mechanism in the regulation of IL-4 response, we have investigated the effect of IFN-gamma/alpha on IL-4R expression and signal transduction mechanisms involved in this process. In human mononuclear cells and B cells isolated from tonsil or peripheral blood, IL-4 up-regulates IL-4R(alpha) expression at surface protein and mRNA levels, and the IL-4-induced IL-4R(alpha) is significantly down-regulated by both IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha to a similar extent. The inhibitory effects of IFN-gamma/alpha on the IL-4R mRNA expression require a lag period of about 8 h, and are sensitive to cycloheximide treatment, which suggests that the suppressive effect of IFNs on IL-4R gene expression is a secondary response requiring de novo synthesis of IFN-induced factors. Under such conditions that the inhibitory effects of IFNs are observed, IFNs do not affect the IL-4-induced STAT6 activation and IL-4R transcription, as analyzed by EMSA and nuclear run-on assays, respectively. Subsequently, mRNA stability studies have indicated that the action of IFN-gamma/alpha is primarily mediated by an accelerated decay of IL-4-induced IL-4R mRNA. Thus, it appears that, as already shown in the case of the IL-4-induced FcepsilonRII regulation, posttranscriptional inhibition of IL-4-inducible genes by mRNA destabilization is a common mechanism by which type I and II IFNs antagonize the IL-4 response in human immune cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Institute for Basic Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma