title: [Effect of a low-frequencey magnetic field on esterase activity and change in pH in wheat germ during swelling of wehat seeds].
abstract: The role of nonsteady phenomena determined by a low velocity of ion movements in a weak external field is considered in relation to their possible nonlinear effects on processes occurring in boundary layers near the membrane, particularly, on the release of membrane-bound proteins and pH value. It is shown that a short-term treatment of wheat seeds with low-frequency magnetic field at the stage of esterase activation during seed swelling enhances the activation of esterases; the effect observed at final stages of activation depends on the time after the treatment with electromagnetic field. Treatment of seeds with electromagnetic field at this stage changed qualitatively the time course of the release of reaction products into the medium: the reaction rate increased initially and then decreased below the control level. At earlier stages of swelling in treated seeds and at all stages in control seeds, the time course of the product release was linear. The retardation of the release of the reaction products at terminal stages of esterase activation is presumably related to the release of proteins and their complexes under the action of electromagnetic field and the resulting restoration of the barrier properties of membranes. Treatment with electromagnetic field also caused a noticeable acceleration of proton flow form the medium, which was judged from pH changes in the bulk medium and in the vicinity of germ surface. The difference between the treated and control samples after 23-24 h of imbibition became statistically significant and was as high as 0.4 pH units. By taking into account the nonsteady phenomena occurring upon action of low-frequency electromagnetic field, it is possible to explain unusual dependences of biological effects on the amplitude of the electromagnetic field, including the atypical enhancement of these effects by the action of weak low-frequency fields.
authors.affiliation: Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Aksenov
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bulychev
authors.forename: T Iu
authors.initials: TIu
authors.lastname: Grunina
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Turovetskiĭ
mesh_terms: D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004950:Esterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012639:Seeds; D014908:Triticum / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D004950:Esterases