title: Tubulointerstitial injury and loss of nitric oxide synthases parallel the development of hypertension in the Dahl-SS rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alterations in renal nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the hypertension of the Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-SS) rat We sought to identify the kinetics and sites of expression of the major NO synthase (NOS) isoforms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The renal expression of the major NOS were examined in Dahl-SS and salt-resistant rats (Dahl-SR) while on a low salt (0.1% NaCl) diet at 3 and 9 weeks of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal biopsies from Dahl-SS and Dahl-SR rats were compared for evidence of renal injury and for alterations in expression of the NOS enzymes by quantitative immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 weeks of age Dahl-SS and Dahl-SR rats have normal renal histology and similar immunohistochemical expression of NOS1, -2, and -3. At 9 weeks Dahl-SS rats had significantly higher blood pressure than Dahl-SR rats (P< 0.005 ), and lower macula densa NOS1 (P< 0.05) and cortical and medullary NOS3 (P< 0.05). NOS2 was reduced in cortical tubules in biopsies showing severe tubulointerstitial damage, but was not significantly different between Dahl-SS and Dahl-SR groups as a whole. Dahl-SS rats also manifested glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. Tubular expression of osteopontin (OPN), which is an inhibitor of NOS2, correlated with the systolic BP in individual Dahl-SS rats (r2 = 0.80, P < 0.0001 ).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tubulointerstitial injury and the loss of NOS occur after birth and parallel the development of hypertension. We suggest that the structural and functional changes that occur with renal injury in the Dahl-SS rat may contribute to the development of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. nephrol@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giachelli
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurth
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Cowley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology*; D053495:Osteopontin; D051381:Rats; D020303:Rats, Inbred Dahl; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D053495:Osteopontin; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase