title: Hepatitis C virus clearance is prominent in women in an endemic area.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical and virological backgrounds of cases with previous hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (positive for HCV antibody (anti-HCV) and HCV-RNA negative) in an HCV endemic area were examined to identify factors related to the clearance of HCV.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 3117 inhabitants, 1037 male and 2080 female, from an HCV endemic area. Hepatitis C virus antibody was detected by a passive haemagglutination test. The HCV-RNA and the HCV genotype were detected by using the polymerase chain reaction method. The HCV serotype was determined by enzyme immunoassay by using the peptides of the core region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two per cent of the inhabitants were positive for anti-HCV, with males and the elderly having a significantly higher antibody titre (P < 0.01) than youths and females. Hepatitis C virus-RNA was detected in 78% of the HCV antibody-positive cases. The rate of HCV-RNA positivity was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.01). No relationship was found between HCV-RNA positivity and age. The HCV genotype 1b was the predominant genotype among the HCV-RNA-positive cases. Mixed genotypes (1b + 2a) were observed in 12% of cases, primarily in elderly males and females. In cases with previous HCV infection, serotype 1 was the most common serotype, and there appeared to be no relationship between the distribution of HCV serotypes and age and gender. There was a female predominance with regard to previous HCV infection, but not to being HCV carriers (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender, not HCV genotype, is the primary factor influencing HCV clearance.
authors.affiliation: The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horiike
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Michitaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D012703:Serotyping; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral