title: Anisomycin affects both pro- and antiapoptotic mechanisms in PC12 cells.
abstract: Survival and differentiation of PC12 cells depend on the proper balance between the activities of several mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. We have previously shown that low, nontoxic doses of anisomycin stimulated these MAPKs as well as the expression of several early-response genes and inhibited NGF-induced neurite formation. In the present work we show that protein synthesis-inhibiting concentrations of anisomycin, in contrast, cause apoptosis of PC12 cells. To try to characterize the apoptosis-inducing mechanisms of anisomycin we compared the signaling effects of subinhibitory and inhibitory drug concentrations. Anisomycin in a nontoxic dosis activates the same MAPK pathways and early-response genes as in protein synthesis inhibiting concentrations. In contrast, while the subinhibitory anisomycin treatment stimulates Akt and induces Bcl-2, two antiapoptotic proteins, the translation-inhibiting concentration of the drug prevents these survival-promoting biochemical events. Anisomycin thus triggers both pro- and antiapoptotic processes in PC12 cells; stimulation of stress-responsive MAPK cascades is not sufficient to mediate apoptotic signaling: the inhibition of key antiapoptotic proteins appears to be more important for PC12 cell death by anisomycin treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Törocsik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szeberényi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000841:Anisomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early / Q000187:drug effects; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016716:PC12 Cells; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D000841:Anisomycin; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases