title: Cognitive behavioral and behavioral interventions help young children cope during a voiding cystourethrogram.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To reduce young children's distress and increase coping behavior among children undergoing a voiding cystourethrogram (VCU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three- to seven-year-old children were stratified based on prior VCU experience and randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 20) or a standard care (n = 20) condition. The intervention included provision of information, coping skills training, and parent coaching. We hypothesized that the intervention would reduce children's distress as assessed by child report, parent and technician ratings, and behavioral observations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the intervention displayed fewer distress behaviors and greater coping behaviors and were rated as more cooperative than children receiving standard care. Children's fear and pain ratings did not differ significantly between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A cognitive-behavioral treatment package effectively reduced children's distress, increased coping, and increased cooperation during voiding cystourethrogram procedures. This type of an intervention should be integrated into routine pediatric radiological procedures.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida, USA. zelikovsky@email.chop.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zelikovsky
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Rodrigue
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gidycz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*; D014563:Urodynamics