title: Pancreatic tumors show high levels of hypoxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of the dismal outcomes of conventional therapies for pancreatic carcinomas, we postulated that hypoxia may exist within these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven sequential patients with adenocarcinomas of the pancreas consented to intraoperative measurements of tumor oxygenation using the Eppendorf (Hamburg, Germany) polargraphic electrode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 7 tumors demonstrated significant tumor hypoxia. In contrast, adjacent normal pancreas showed normal oxygenation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor hypoxia exists within pancreatic cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department Radiation Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. akoong@cmgm.stanford.edu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Koong
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Q T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Terris
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bastidas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vierra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010313:Partial Pressure
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen