Antineoplastic agents from natural sources: achievements and future directions.
The influence of natural products upon anticancer drug discovery and design cannot be overestimated. Approximately 60% of all drugs now in clinical trials for the multiplicity of cancers are either natural products, compounds derived from natural products, contain pharmacophores derived from active natural products or are 'old drugs in new clothes', where (modified) natural products are attached to targeting systems. This review covers those materials that the authors are aware of as being in clinical trials through early 2000 and demonstrates how, even today, in the presence of massive numbers of agents from combinatorial libraries, the compounds produced by 'Mother Nature' are still in the forefront of cancer chemotherapeutics as sources of active chemotypes.
Cragg
G M
GM
Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Fairview Center, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA. cragg@dtpax2.ncifcrf.gov
Newman
D J
DJ
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D008387:Marine Toxins