title: High-level fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli overproduce multidrug efflux protein AcrA.
abstract: Immunoblotting with antibody against AcrA, an obligatory component of the AcrAB multidrug efflux system, showed that this protein was overexpressed by >/=170% in 9 of 10 clinical isolates of Esherichia coli with high-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs, >/=32 microg/ml) but not in any of the 15 isolates for which the MIC was </=1 microg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3206, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzariol
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokue
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kanegawa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornaglia
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nikaido
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000502:physiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: C083497:AcrA protein, E coli; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin