title: The Erlangen Endo-Trainer: life-like simulation for diagnostic and interventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.
abstract: The Erlanger Endo-Trainer offers a large spectrum of training possibilities in endoscopic techniques using life-like biological specimens. We organised the first pilot study of interventions at the papilla and the bile duct under x-ray control. Specially prepared upper visceral porcine organ packages including the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder and bile ducts were implanted into the Endo-Trainer. Furthermore, small stones were introduced into the bile duct. The test study was carried out by a senior endoscopist assisted by his endoscopy nurse. The following steps could therefore be carried out as a structured team-training scheme: Introduction of the side-viewing endoscope and passage into the duodenum; identification and adjustment at the papilla; cannulation of the papilla; selective bile duct imaging with contrast application under x-ray vision; placement of a guidewire; papillotomy; stone extraction and finally placement of a plastic stent. The special value of this type of simulation is the fact that endoscopic techniques can be trained in the usual manner with real tissue-feeling using regular commercial instruments. Although there is general consent that individual practice on the patient cannot be completely replaced by simulator training, a suitable and realistic simulation model can be of great value, for initial steps prior to "real" patient contact as well as for refining techniques and tactics.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Martin.Neumann@chir.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ell
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Felzmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reingruber
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horbach
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hohenberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013552:Swine