Effects of weight loss on peak flow variability, airways obstruction, and lung volumes in obese patients with asthma.
OBJECTIVE
To clarify the pathophysiologic features of the relation between asthma and obesity, we measured the effects of weight reduction on peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability and airways obstruction, compared to simultaneous changes in lung volumes and ventilatory mechanics in obese patients with stable asthma.


METHODS
Fourteen obese asthma patients (11 women and 3 men; aged 25 to 62 years) were studied before and after a very-low-calorie-diet period of 8 weeks. PEF variability was determined as diurnal and day-to-day variations. FEV(1) and maximal expiratory flow values were measured with a flow-volume spirometer. Lung volumes, airways resistance (Raw), and specific airways conductance were measured using a constant-volume body plethysmograph. Minute ventilation was monitored in patients in supine and standing positions.


RESULTS
As patients decreased their body mass index (SD) from 37.2 (3.7) to 32.1(4.2) kg/m(2) (p < 0. 001), diurnal PEF variation declined from 5.5% (2.4) to 4.5% (1.5) (p = 0.01), and day-to-day variation declined from 5.3% (2.6) to 3. 1% (1.3) (p < 0.005). The mean morning PEF, FEV(1), and FVC increased after weight loss (p = 0.001, p < 0.005, and p < 0.05, respectively). Flow rate at the middle part of FVC (FEF(25-75)) increased even when related to lung volumes (FEF(25-75)/FVC; p < 0. 05). Functional residual capacity and expiratory reserve volume were significantly higher after weight loss (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively). A significant reduction in Raw was found (p < 0.01). Resting minute ventilation decreased after weight loss (p = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Weight loss reduces airways obstruction as well as PEF variability in obese patients with asthma. The results suggest that obese patients benefit from weight loss by improved pulmonary mechanics and a better control of airways obstruction.
Hakala
K
K
Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Stenius-Aarniala
B
B
Sovijärvi
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D005652:Functional Residual Capacity / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008449:Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves / Q000502:physiology; D008450:Maximal Midexpiratory Flow Rate / Q000502:physiology; D008451:Maximal Voluntary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D010991:Plethysmography; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012115:Residual Volume / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*