title: Patterning of olfactory sensory connections is mediated by extracellular matrix proteins in the nerve layer of the olfactory bulb.
abstract: In early rat embryos when axons from sensory neurons first contact the olfactory bulb primordium, lactosamine-containing glycans (LCG) are detected on neurons that are broadly distributed within the olfactory epithelium, but that project axons to a very restricted region of the ventromedial olfactory bulb. LCG(+) axons extend through channels defined by the coexpression of galectin-1 and beta2-laminin. These two extracellular matrix molecules are differentially expressed, along with semaphorin 3A, by subsets of ensheathing cells in the ventral nerve layer of the olfactory bulb. The overlapping expression of these molecules creates an axon-sorting domain that is capable of promoting and repelling subsets of olfactory axons. Specifically, LCG(+) axons preferentially grow into the region of the nerve layer that expresses high amounts of galectin-1, beta2-laminin, and semaphorin 3A, whereas neuropilin-1(+) axons grow in a complementary pattern, avoiding the ventral nerve layer and projecting medially and laterally. These studies suggest that initial patterning of olfactory epithelium to olfactory bulb connections is, in part, dependent on extracellular components of the embryonic nerve layer that mediate convergence and divergence of specific axon subsets.
authors.affiliation: The Shriver Center, 200 Trapelo Road, Waltham, Massachusetts 02452, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Crandall
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dibble
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pays
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kostek
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Püschel
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Schwarting
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000606:Amino Sugars / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005333:Fetus; D037483:Galectin 1; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000606:Amino Sugars; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D037483:Galectin 1; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; C095114:collapsin response mediator protein-2; C039448:lactosaminoglycan; D039942:Neuropilin-1