title: Prostate volume and serum prostate-specific antigen as predictors of acute urinary retention. Combined experience from three large multinational placebo-controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as predictors of acute urinary retention (AUR) in men with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were pooled from 3 identical 2-year, multinational, multicenter, non-US, placebo-controlled finasteride trials in 4,222 men with BPE and no evidence of prostate cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 2-year incidence of spontaneous AUR was higher in placebo patients with enlarged prostates (4.2% in men with prostate volume > or =40 ml vs. 1.6% in the <40 ml group) and higher PSA levels (3.9% in men with PSA > or =1.4 ng/ml vs. 0.5% in the <1.4 ng/ml group) at baseline. Finasteride reduced AUR incidence by 61% in men with larger prostates, by 63% in men with higher PSA levels, and by 47% in men with smaller prostates, compared with placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPE patients with larger prostate volumes, higher PSA levels and no evidence of prostate cancer have an increased risk of developing AUR and therefore derive the greatest benefit from the risk reduction seen with finasteride therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Austria. uroldep@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Marberger
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Malice
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gabriel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meehan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stoner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waldstreicher
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018120:Finasteride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018120:Finasteride; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen