title: Cytokine- or chemically derived nitric oxide alters the expression of proteins detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in neonatal rat islets of Langerhans.
abstract: Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) treatment of neonatal rat islets for 24 h induces changes in the expression of 105 of 2,200 proteins, as determined previously by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as one of the mediators of IL-1beta effects in insulin-containing cell lines and rat islets. The aims of this study were 1) to determine the involvement of NO in IL-1beta-induced alterations in protein expression and 2) to investigate the effects of chemically generated NO on protein expression by 2D gel electrophoresis of neonatal rat islet samples. IL-1beta-induced NO production was prevented by incubation of islets in arginine-free medium supplemented with the arginine analog NG-nitro-L-arginine. [35S]methionine-labeled islet proteins were separated using 2D gel electrophoresis and analyzed using the BioImage computer program. Analysis revealed that the expression levels of 23 protein spots of the 105 protein spots, altered by prior treatment with IL-1beta (60 U/ml) alone, were significantly affected (P < 0.01 [n = 4] and P < 0.05 [n = 19]) when NO production was prevented. The effects of chemically generated NO were investigated by exposing islets to the NO donor GSNO (100 micromol/l) for 24 h before labeling with [35S]methionine and 2D gel electrophoresis. Computer-based analysis identified alterations in the expression of 19 of a total of 1,600 detectable proteins in GSNO-treated islets (P < 0.01). We conclude 1) that the expression of up to 42 proteins is altered by cytokine-induced or chemically generated NO in the precise experimental conditions chosen and 2) that the majority of proteins altered by prior treatment with IL-1beta may be the result of NO-independent IL-1beta-mediated regulation of gene expression. This study demonstrates that the combination of 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry is a powerful tool in the identification of beta-cell proteins involved in the response to toxic mediators.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, UK.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roepstorff
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pociot
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Karlsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nerup
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mandrup-Poulsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism*; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003470:Culture Media; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D011920:Rats, Inbred WF
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester