title: Conductivities of three-layer human skull.
abstract: In this study, electrical conductivities of compact, spongiosum, and bulk layers of cadaver skull were determined at varying electric fields at room temperature. Current was applied and withdrawn over the top and bottom surfaces of each sample and potential drop across different layers was measured using the four-electrode method. We developed a model, which considers of variations in skull thicknesses, to determine the conductivity of the tri-layer skull and its individual anatomical structures. The results indicate that the spongiform and the two compact layers of the skull have significantly different and inhomogeneous conductivities ranging from 0.76 +/- .14 to 11.5 +/- 1.8 milliS/m.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akhtari
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Mamelak
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandelkern
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matlachov
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ranken
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Sutherling
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D012886:Skull / Q000502:physiology*