title: [Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography imaging and functional diagnosis of the eustachian auditory tube].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and evaluate a protocol for the anatomic depiction and functional testing of the auditory tube with the use of MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven volunteers were included into this study. For the morphological assessment, the imaging protocol included axial and coronal T2-weighted turbo-spin echo sequences (TR/TE = 3194/100 ms) and a T1-weighted gradient echo sequence (TR/TE = 42/4.6 ms). For the functional test a dynamic turbo-gradient echo sequence (TFE) with spectral fat suppression (TR/TE = 15/6.2 ms; 4 sec) was obtained using the single slice technique before and during the Valsalva manoeuvre.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With multi-slice sequences, the osseous part of the auditory tube, the tubal cartilage (middle and lateral lamina), the ciliated epithelium, Ostmann's adipose body and the levator and tensor veli palatini muscles were delineated in all cases. During the Valsalva test, opening of the auditory tube was demonstrated in 20 of the 22 investigated sides using the dynamic TFE single slice sequence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduced MRI protocol allow visualization of the opening of the auditory tube and provides detailed anatomical information of the nasopharynx. Comprehensive morphological and functional evaluation of the auditory tube becomes possible within a single examination'.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätskliniken der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen. krombach@rad.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Krombach
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Martino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nolte-Ernsting
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmitz-Rode
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prescher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Westhofen
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Günther
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005064:Eustachian Tube / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver / Q000502:physiology