title: Lymph node metastasis and prognosis in small peripheral non-small-cell lung cancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The lymph node dissection and curative resection for small peripheral non-small-cell lung cancers, it is essential to know the incidence and distribution of lymph node metastasis to confirm the pathological stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1984 and August 1996, lobectomy with systemic mediastinal dissection (standard lobectomy) was conducted in 49 patients with small peripheral non-small-cell lung cancers (2.0 cm or less in diameter), and limited resection was conducted in 15 with cardiopulmonary insufficiency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lymph node metastasis was confirmed histologically in 14 patients undergoing standard lobectomy (28.6%). The incidence of lymph node metastasis was high in tumors with pleural (p2) or subpleural (p1) involvement (63.6%) (7/14). The 5-year survival between standard lobectomy and limited resection patients (83% vs. 71%) was not statistically significant. In patients undergoing standard lobectomy, survival in those with node-negative disease was better than in those with node-positive disease (94% vs. 44%, p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lymph node involvement, especially in tumors with pleural involvement, is not uncommon, even when tumors are 2.0 cm or less in diameter. Systemic hilar and mediastinal dissection is therefore required for disease staging and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okabayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tohchika
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makihata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matsuzoe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakusa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011379:Prognosis