title: Regulation of toll-like receptor 2 expression by macrophages following Mycobacterium avium infection.
abstract: Recent studies have implicated Toll-like receptors (TLR), especially TLR2 and TLR4, as sentinel receptors that signal the interaction of macrophages with bacterial pathogens via a NF-kappaB-mediated pathway. The regulation of TLR gene expression, however, has not been intensively studied. Here, we report that TLR2 mRNA was induced following infection of murine macrophages with Mycobacterium avium. The changes in TLR2 mRNA correlated with an increase in TLR2 surface expression. Infection with M. avium resulted in a concomitant decrease in TLR4 mRNA. The effect of M. avium infection on TLR2 mRNA appeared to be mediated, in part, by TLR2 because the induction of the mRNA was partially blocked by preincubation of the macrophages with an anti-human TLR2 Ab. In contrast, the effect of LPS stimulation was mediated via TLR4 because infection of macrophages from LPS(d) mice, which do not express active TLR4, resulted in an increase in TLR2 mRNA, while treatment of macrophages from these mice with LPS failed to induce TLR2 mRNA. Several cytokines, including TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, and GM-CSF, but not IFN-gamma, induced TLR2 mRNA. M. avium infection resulted in the induction of TLR2 mRNA by macrophages from both TNFRI knockout and NF-kappaB p50 knockout mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Lafuse
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Zwilling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000276:immunology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011493:Protein Kinase C