title: Living related liver transplantation in infants and children: report of anesthetic care and early postoperative morbidity and mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine those infants at high risk for perioperative complications and mortality following living, related liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large metropolitan teaching hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The charts and anesthetic records of the 12 infants and children who received the left lateral hepatic segment from a living relative the past 2 years at our institution were reviewed. The records were examined to determine the causes of perioperative morbidity and to identify patients at high risk for serious complications and mortality. All infants and children (mean +/- SD age, 29+/-30 months; weight, 13.6 +/-6.8 kg) survived the operation (8.3+/-1.7 hours) without intraoperative complications. The average blood loss, including 500 mL of recipient blood used to flush the liver before reperfusion, was 1483 +/-873 mL (119+/-70 mL/kg). Three infants developed portal vein thrombosis, and one of these infants also had hepatic artery thrombosis. The risk of vessel thrombosis was significantly higher (3/3 vs. 0/9; p<0.0045) in infants less than 9 kg body weight, as was the risk of death (2/3 vs. 0/9; p<0.045). Both children who died had vascular thrombosis. Other serious complications were bleeding, 6; infection, 7; acute rejection, 3; and bile leak, 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants and children can successfully undergo living, related liver transplantation. However, the risks of vascular complications and death are greater in infants less than 9 kg body weight.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology, Pediatrics, and Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Beebe
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Komanduri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Humar
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gruessner
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Belani
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology