title: Vasoactive and proliferative effects of parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide on human vascular smooth muscle.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperparathyroidism is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Experiments in rats suggest that this results from desensitization of the normally inhibitory effects of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by previous exposure to parathyroid hormone (PTH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Isometric tension in vitro was measured in segments of vessels obtained at neck surgery from six normotensive patients with hyperparathyroidism and 12 eucalcaemic controls undergoing thyroid surgery. Vessels were precontracted with noradrenaline to allow the vasodilatory effects of PTH and PTHrP to be observed. Human VSMCs were cultured in 0.5, 5 and 15 per cent serum with or without PTH (10(-11) to 10(-7) nmol l-(1)) and proliferation was assessed by cell counts after 14 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vasodilatation of arterial segments produced by both PTH 20 nmol l(-1) and PTHrP 100 nmol l(-1) did not differ significantly between control and hyperparathyroidism groups (P > 0.08, Mann-Whitney U test). Vasodilatation by PTHrP was not reduced by preincubation of vessels in vitro with PTH 50 nmol l(-1) for 1 h (P > 0.36, Wilcoxon test). No effects of PTH on serum-induced proliferation of human VSMCs were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data imply that homologous desensitization to PTHrP is not implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular disease in patients with hyperparathyroidism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine Surgery, Northern General Hospital, University of Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Chadwick
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peachell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C470121:PTHLH protein, human; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins