title: Brain tumours in Sweden 1996: care and costs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Brain tumours cause considerable concern due to a high mortality and there are increasing efforts to provide adequate care, sometimes outside hospitals. Health care utilisation, direct costs of care, and the indirect social cost of morbidity and early mortality caused by brain tumours in Sweden in the year 1996 was analysed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantification of ambulatory care, care in hospital, long term and palliative/terminal care, drug consumption, temporary as well as long term morbidity, and mortality from comprehensive national data sources. Direct costs were calculated using 1996 charges. Indirect costs were calculated by sex and age specific salaries. A sensitivity analysis considered the impact of alternative estimates of each item.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Indirect costs were 75% of the total and were caused mainly by early mortality. Direct costs were predominantly for care in hospital, long term care, and home health care. Among direct costs, astrocytomas III-IV and meningiomas accounted for 42% and 30% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cost of illness from brain tumours reflects the characteristics of these malignancies. Despite their low incidence rate, the economic impact caused by high mortality among young persons is a predominant trait. Costs of acute hospital care and also long term care and home care are considerable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Paul.Blomqvist@mep.ki.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blomqvist
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Törnqvist
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekbom
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology