title: Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides and the chromosome 11p15.5 mucin glycoproteins are expressed and secreted in a site specific fashion along the length of the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence for coexpression of mucins and trefoil peptides has been suggested in numerous gastrointestinal mucosal pathologies. The ulcer associated cell lineage (UACL) occurs at sites of chronic ulceration in Crohn's disease, expresses all three trefoil peptides, and is implicated in mucosal restitution. We tested the hypothesis that individual trefoil peptides are uniquely localised with specific mucins in the UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of mucin genes in the UACL from small bowel tissue of patients with Crohn's disease was detected by in situ hybridisation, and localisation of the products by immunohistochemistry. Colocalisation of mucins and trefoil peptides was demonstrated by immunofluorescent colabelling in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MUC5AC and TFF1 were colocalised in distal ductular and surface elements of the UACL and in foveolar cells of the stomach, whereas MUC6 and TFF2 were colocalised to acinar and proximal ductular structures in the UACL, in the fundus and deep antral glands of the stomach, and in Brunner's glands of the duodenum. MUC5B was found sporadically throughout the UACL and gastric body. MUC2 was absent from the UACL, Brunner's glands, and stomach. MUC2 and TFF3 were colocalised throughout the large and small bowel mucosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The UACL has a unique profile of mucin gene expression. Coordinated localisation of trefoil peptides and mucins in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia suggests they may assist each others' functions in protection and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK. Rob.Longman@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Longman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Douthwaite
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sylvester
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poulsom
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Corfield
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D009077:Mucins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000604007:TFF2 protein, human; C099037:TFF3 protein, rat; C000604008:Tff2 protein, rat; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3