title: Identifying lumbosacral radiculopathies: an optimal electromyographic screen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine prospectively the optimal electromyographic screening examination of the lower limb that ensures identification of those lumbosacral radiculopathies that can be electrodiagnostically confirmed, yet minimizes the number of muscles studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective multicenter study was conducted from May 1996 to September 1997. Patients with suspected lumbosacral radiculopathy referred to participating electrodiagnostic laboratories were recruited and examined by needle electromyography using a standard set of muscles. Patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed lumbosacral radiculopathies were selected for analysis. Various muscle screens were tested against this group of patients with radiculopathies to determine the frequency with which each screen identified the patient with radiculopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 102 patients identified. When paraspinal muscles were one of the screening muscles, four-muscle screens identified 88-97% of the radiculopathies, five-muscle screens identified 94-98%, and six-muscle screens 98-100%. When paraspinal muscles were not part of the screen, identification rates were lower for all screens, and eight distal muscles were necessary to identify about 90% of the radiculopathies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six-muscle screens with paraspinal muscles yielded consistently high identification rates. Studying additional muscles produced no improvements in identification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Dillingham
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Lauder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andary
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Pezzin
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shannon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric