title: Individual differences in the subjective response to smoked cocaine in humans.
abstract: The individual variables that determine the effects of cocaine in humans are not well understood. In this study, we examined the relationship between the subjective response to cocaine and selected individual variables in cocaine-dependent participants. A single 0.4-mg/kg dose of smoked cocaine was received by 75 smoked cocaine users. The variables associated with increased subjective response to cocaine were male sex, presence of alcohol use, higher baseline Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, and duration of cocaine use. The change in heart rate and diastolic blood pressure in response to cocaine delivery were also positively associated with the subjective response to cocaine. In contrast, body weight, years of schooling, and the change in the heart rate with the expectation of cocaine delivery were associated with a diminished subjective response to cocaine. The importance of these variables in maintaining the cocaine use behavior needs to be studied further.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. sofuo001@tc.umn.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sofuoglu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dudish-Poulsen
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Hatsukami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016578:Crack Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine; D003042:Cocaine