title: Female circumcision: at our doorsteps and beyond.
abstract: Recent trends in international travel and emigration have brought the practice of female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation, to the awareness of an increasing number of physicians and public policy agencies in developed countries. The main reason for the continuation of this practice is deeply held tradition. The high incidence of complications attending the procedure leads to a poor quality of life and potential life-threatening problems. Female circumcision serves no biologically useful purpose and perpetuates the subjugation and social deprivation of females. Suggestions for the eradication of this custom include universal education of females and public enlightenment campaigns; legislation tends to send the practice underground. This review is aimed at providing objective background information on female circumcision to residents in obstetrics and gynecology. An effective solution to this problem requires not just knowledge but also wisdom in order to offer a compassionate approach to the management of these women. The American women's health care specialist should be well informed on this issue because of the increasing likelihood of contact with these women. It is also hoped that health care providers will become sensitized to the point of designing and participating actively in effective schemes for the worldwide eradication of this practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Aultman Hospital, Canton, Ohio, USA
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Meniru
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Hopkins