title: Parkin functions as an E2-dependent ubiquitin- protein ligase and promotes the degradation of the synaptic vesicle-associated protein, CDCrel-1.
abstract: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder in which familial-linked genes have provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of this disorder. Mutations in Parkin, a ring-finger-containing protein of unknown function, are implicated in the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive familial Parkinson's disease. Here, we show that Parkin binds to the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating human enzyme 8 (UbcH8) through its C-terminal ring-finger. Parkin has ubiquitin-protein ligase activity in the presence of UbcH8. Parkin also ubiquitinates itself and promotes its own degradation. We also identify and show that the synaptic vesicle-associated protein, CDCrel-1, interacts with Parkin through its ring-finger domains. Furthermore, Parkin ubiquitinates and promotes the degradation of CDCrel-1. Familial-linked mutations disrupt the ubiquitin-protein ligase function of Parkin and impair Parkin and CDCrel-1 degradation. These results suggest that Parkin functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase through its ring domains and that it may control protein levels via ubiquitination. The loss of Parkin's ubiquitin-protein ligase function in familial-linked mutations suggests that this may be the cause of familial autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-0005, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008715:Methionine / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D058112:Septins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; D008715:Methionine; C106347:UBE2E2 protein, human; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C109366:SEPTIN5 protein, human; D058112:Septins; D008025:Ligases