title: Systemic sclerosis: environmental and occupational risk factors.
abstract: There is growing concern about the association between systemic sclerosis and certain environmental and occupational risk factors, including exposures to vinyl chloride, adulterated cooking oils, L-tryptophan, silica, silicone breast implants, organic solvents, and other agents such as epoxy resins, pesticides, and hand/arm vibration. This article highlights the current medical research that has examined these associations in scleroderma-like disorders and in systemic sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Care Research, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA. nieterpj@musc.edu
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nietert
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Silver
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology