title: The increase of renal pelvis dilatation in the fetus and its significance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of the changes in fetal renal pelvis dilatation on post-natal diagnosis and outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prenatal sonographic fetal renal anteroposterior diameters of > or = 4 mm in the second trimester, which persisted to > or = 7 mm in the third trimester, were the inclusion criteria. Fifty-six fetuses and 73 renal units with normal karotypes and a solitary sonographic finding of renal pyelectasis, which met the inclusion criteria, were followed, post-natally, until the age of 30 months. The neonates were categorized into three groups, according to their final diagnosis: No hydronephrosis, pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction and hydronephrosis from other causes. The neonates were also categorized according to their outcome: no treatment, follow-up only and surgical treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 17 neonates (30.4%), and 19 renal units, the diagnosis of hydronephrosis was excluded post-natally. In 39 neonates (69.6%), and 54 renal units, an urinary tract pathology was confirmed. The dynamics of pyelectasis in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy differed significantly among the neonates when categorized according to the final diagnosis (P < 0.05), or according to outcome (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to predict, and distinguish between, long-term conservative and surgical treatments of renal pelvis dilatation in the third trimester of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Ultrasound Unit, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aviram
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pomeranz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharony
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beyth
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rathaus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tepper
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pomeran
mesh_terms: D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal