title: [Encephalomyelopathy demonstrated on MRI in a case of chronic toluene intoxication].
abstract: Myelopathy in chronic toluene intoxication is rare. We present obvious lesions of the spinal cord on MRI in a 30-year-old Japanese man with chronic toluene intoxication. He had abused toluene for more than 10 years, and developed visual impairment, horizontal nystagmus, pyramidal tract signs, postural tremor, Romberg's sign, and sensory disturbance below the level of Th 2 dermatome. Anti-HTLV-1 antibody titer and vitamin B12 level in the serum were within normal limits. Biochemical analysis showed no increase of very long chain fatty acids. Cerebrospinal fluid showed no abnormal findings. Auditory brainstem response showed delay of I-V interpeak latency. Somatosensory evoked potential with the median nerve stimulation showed delay of N13-N20 central conduction time, which was later followed by absence of N14-N20 components. On MRI in T2 weighted image, marked high intensity was demonstrated in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule, and in the posterior columns and lateral tracts from the cervical through the upper thoracic cord. Cerebral lesions probably reflect demyelination and axonal degeneration produced by chronic toluene abuse. Spinal cord lesions seem to be secondary to nerve fiber changes more proximal to the nerve cell bodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuzuhara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D014050:Toluene / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D014050:Toluene