title: [Magnesium in cardiology].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnesium is an oligo-element which has an important effect on the myocardial function and peripheral vascular system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiences of other authors as well as other papers have been analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Magnesium participates in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the human organism. It may be found in drinking water and food through which it is substituted. According to WHO, there is a good correlation between Ca++/Mg++ ratio in drinking water and frequency of cardiac events. Higher Mg++ quantity reduces coronary disease. Decreased Mg++ quantity in plasma has been registered in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), coronary patients and patients with heart failure. Various rhythm disturbances, particularly Torsade de points are related to hypomagnesemia. Diuretics and some cytostatics, and antibiotics decrease Mg++ in plasma, erythrocytes and muscles. Decreased Mg++ have been found in alcoholics, diabetics and Crohn disease, which are in certain cases related to existing heart rhythm disturbances. In cardiology it is proved that Mg++ are beneficial in AMI, protection during open heart surgery and treatment and prevention of heart surgery and heart rhythm disturbances. The use of Mg++ in vasospastic angina pectoris, Raynaud's disease and cardiomyopathies due to cytostatics is still in the process of investigation. It is still a matter of discussion whether Mg++ should be administered in these conditions or only when its quantities are reduced. Do Mg++ values in plasma indicate its total presence in the organism? Where should Mg++ be administered as therapy, in which doses and how rapidly? Should preventive addition of Mg++ in drinking water reduce heart disease and prolong life? There are neither many answers nor real conclusions on Mg++ significance in cardiology. However, some encouraging results about its use indicate the significance of further investigations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It has been accepted by the authors all over the world that the role of magnesium is of great importance in prevention and treatment of cardiac patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our first experiences are in accordance with other studies.
authors.affiliation: Institut za kardiovaskularne bolesti, Sremska Kamenica, Medicinski fakultet, Novi Sad.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Topalov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kovacević
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topalov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kovacević
mesh_terms: D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium