title: Release of nortriptyline hydrochloride from oil-water microemulsions.
abstract: The release of nortritptyline hydrochloride from oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions (isopropyl myristate as oil, propylene glycol as cosurfactant, polysorbate 80 as surfactant and phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, as the continuous phase) containing increasing concentrations of polyethylene glycol 400, used to facilitate the diffusion of a drug from the inner oily phase of the microemulsion to the outer aqueous phase of such a dispersion system, was studied by determining the permeability constants of the drug through hydrophilic and lipophilic membranes separating the o/w microemulsions from the receiving aqueous phase (phosphate buffer pH 7.4). The permeability of nortriptyline hydrochloride from microemulsions through the lipophilic membrane increased as the concentration of polyethylene glycol 400 in the disperse system increased. The apparent permeability constant for nortriptyline hydrochloride, from the microemulsion without polyethylene glycol, was 1.36 x 10(-3) cm x h(-1), it increased up to 7.80 x 10(-3) cm x h(-1) in the presence of polyethylene glycol at a concentration of 50% (v/v) of the initial volume of the aqueous phase.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, Spain. marco@eucmax.sin.ucm.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frutos
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ballesteros
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lastres
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Castro
mesh_terms: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions; D009661:Nortriptyline / Q000737:chemistry*; D009821:Oils; D010539:Permeability; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D014867:Water; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D009661:Nortriptyline