title: Incidence and outcome of poststroke urinary retention: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the incidence and outcome of poststroke urinary retention, and to determine clinical variables associated with it.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort of 80 consecutive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient setting of a tertiary rehabilitation center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients (48 men, 32 women; mean age, 65.4 yr) with a first ischemic stroke, admitted for rehabilitation within 4 weeks of the stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients had their postvoid residuals (PVR) assessed via a bladder scanner within 72 hours of admission. Urinary retention was defined by a PVR of more than 100mL on 2 consecutive occasions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary retention was present in 23 (29%) patients. Cognitive impairment, aphasia, diabetes mellitus, and cortical stroke were present in 30%, 29%, 31%, and 41% of patients, respectively. Fifteen (19%) patients developed urinary tract infection during rehabilitation. Urinary retention was significantly associated (p < .05) with cognitive impairment, diabetes mellitus, aphasia, a lower admission functional status (as measured on the modified Barthel index), and urinary tract infection, but not with the use of anticholinergic medications. On discharge, 4 patients still had urinary retention (3 were voiding spontaneously and the other used intermittent catheterization).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary retention was common in patients with ischemic stroke. It should be strongly suspected in patients with aphasia, cognitive impairment, poor functional status, and diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001037:Aphasia / Q000209:etiology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists