title: Effective dose at pneumatic reduction of paediatric intussusception.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess screening times and resulting dose implication at pneumatic reduction of intussusception in the paediatric age group and to examine the relationship with the outcome of the procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the case notes and departmental records of 143 children who had undergone a total of 153 pneumatic reductions in our department over a 4-year period. Success rates, screening times and available dose-area products (DAP) were recorded. The DAPs were converted to effective dose (ED) for 77 procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 76.5% (117/153) success rate was achieved with a recurrence rate of 6.5% and only one complication: a perforation. Screening times were recorded in 137 reductions and ranged from 15 s to 22.6 min. Although the longest screening time was associated with an unsuccessful outcome, the second longest time of 21 min was successful. This gave a DAP of 1278 cGy cm(2)and an ED of 12.73 mSv, which is equivalent to approximately 400 abdominal films for a 1-year-old. A lifetime risk of fatal cancer of one in 1000 was achieved, assuming the worst case, after a screening time of 30 min on our conventional fluoroscopy unit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our success rate compares well with other centres. Our institution is a tertiary referral centre and the occasional long screening time may reflect the delay and complex nature of the patients referred. Persistence at air reduction may be successful and the success rate increases with delayed attempts but the risks of the increasing radiation burden must be weighed against the risks of emergency surgery and anaesthesia.Heenan, S. D. (2000). Clinical Radiology 55, 811-816.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Heenan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kyriou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Adam
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004733:Enema / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007327:Insufflation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D007443:Intussusception / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors