title: Effects of exercise training on cardiac function, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats.
abstract: This study determined the effects of exercise training on cardiac function, gene expression, and apoptosis. Rats exposed to a regimen of treadmill exercise for 13 wk had a significant increase in cardiac index and stroke volume index and a concomitant decrease in systemic vascular resistance compared with both age-matched and body weight-matched sedentary controls in the conscious state at rest. In exercise-trained animals, there was no change in the expression of several marker genes known to be associated with pathological cardiac adaptation, including atrial natriuretic factor, beta-myosin heavy chain, alpha-skeletal and smooth muscle actins, and collagens I and III. Exercise training, however, produced a significant induction of alpha-myosin heavy chain, which was not observed in rats with myocardial infarction. No histological features of cardiac apoptosis were observed in the treadmill-trained rats. In contrast, apoptotic myocytes were detected in animals with myocardial infarction. In summary, exercise training improves cardiac function without evidence of cardiac apoptosis and produces a pattern of cardiac gene expression distinct from pathological cardiac adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Research, Genentech Incorporated, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Peborgh
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Paoni
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D003094:Collagen / Q000235:genetics; D004452:Echocardiography; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000254:growth & development; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016276:Ventricular Function
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D003094:Collagen; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains