title: Morphometric analysis of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), which are loops of DNA containing ribosomal RNA genes, have been shown to correlate with cell proliferation and malignant transformation. Conventional eyeball measurement of silver staining NORs (AgNORs) is time-consuming and subject to error. The diagnostic value of AgNOR area in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by computer-assisted morphometric analysis is evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Silver-staining of NORs was applied to 23 paraffin sections of NPC containing both normal squamous epithelial and malignant cells. Various parameters of the AgNORs of these two cell types were analyzed by a computer-assisted image analysis system and then compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean AgNOR area, AgNOR/nuclear area ratio, and AgNOR area/count ratio of malignant tumors were statistically significantly higher than those for the normal epithelium. There was no significant difference in the AgNOR counts between the two cell types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Computer-assisted morphometric analysis of AgNOR is an objective and reliable assessment method applicable to paraffin sections of NPC. The AgNOR area and its derivatives may aid in the diagnosis of NPC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: To
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Hasselt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity