title: Semen retrieval and analysis in men with myelomeningocele.
abstract: The introduction of advanced assisted reproduction technologies (ART) has created opportunities for the treatment of infertility among patients with myelomeningocele (MMC). The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of semen retrieval and to analyse the semen quality in men with MMC. Nine men, aged 22 to 39 with MMC participated in the study. Two participants were able to achieve unassisted ejaculation. Vibratory stimulation was unsuccessfully attempted in the remaining seven participants who then underwent electroejaculation under general anaesthesia. In total, enough spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic spermatozoa injection were retrieved from five participants. In four cases, no spermatozoa were observed in the ejaculates. Testicular biopsies, however, revealed spermatogenesis, and thus a reproductive potential, in one of these men. Therefore, in six of the nine men with MMC, fatherhood seemed possible with modern ART, despite the semen quality generally being very poor.
authors.affiliation: Spinalis SCI Research Unit, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. claes.hultling@spinalis.se
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hultling
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levi
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Amark
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sjöblom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele; D012662:Semen Preservation; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013081:Sperm Motility; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*