A rapid-format antibody card test for diagnosis of onchocerciasis.
Improved methods are needed for field diagnosis of onchocerciasis, to support efforts aimed at elimination of the disease. A rapid-format card test was evaluated that detects IgG4 antibodies to recombinant Onchocerca volvulus antigen Ov16 with serum samples from patients with onchocerciasis and with various types of control serum samples. The sensitivity of the test with serum samples from 106 microfilariae-positive subjects was 90.6%. The test was equally sensitive with serum samples obtained from patients in Africa and Latin America. Specificity was excellent; positive tests were observed for 2 of 38 serum samples from patients with other filarial infections and for 1 of 23 serum samples from patients with nonfilarial helminth infections. The 3 "false-positive" serum samples were from West Africans who could have been coinfected with onchocerciasis. No positive tests were observed with nonendemic serum samples from normal adults, patients with autoimmune disorders, or patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome. This new test holds great promise as a simple tool for diagnosis of onchocerciasis.
Weil
G J
GJ
Infectious Diseases Division, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. gweil@im.wustl.edu
Steel
C
C
Liftis
F
F
Li
B W
BW
Mearns
G
G
Lobos
E
E
Nutman
T B
TB
D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005368:Filariasis; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007843:Latin America; D017181:Onchocerca volvulus / Q000276:immunology*; D009855:Onchocerciasis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests
D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C102097:Ovd protein, Onchocerca volvulus