title: An investigation into the efficacy of the pectin based anti-reflux formulation-Aflurax.
abstract: The properties of the new pectin-based anti-reflux agent Aflurax (Ferrosan) were studied in vitro and in vivo. Aflurax had a significantly higher in vitro raft strength than the placebo which was matched to the active except for the pectin (4.66+/-2.10 and 0. 22+/-0.04 g, respectively). In the modified Rossett and Rice test, the pectin raft remained above pH 3 for 130 min, whereas the pH in the acid phase remained unchanged. A modification to the stirring speed of the Rossett and Rice test was required to obtain a neutralisation profile for the placebo. The neutralisation profiles for the Aflurax and placebo were the same since both contained 5 mEq of base per tablet. In the in vivo study, subjects were randomly assigned to two groups, which either received radiolabelled food and unlabelled formulation, or unlabelled food and radiolabelled formulations. A pH probe was passed naso-gastrically and placed 5 cm from the cardia, and a small gamma detector was placed on the chest wall, coincident with the pH probe. The subjects received the test meal after an overnight fast. The pectin formulation or placebo was administered 30 min later. Each part of the study was performed as a single-blind two-way cross over with the active versus placebo. The reflux of radiolabel and acid was monitored for three hours postprandially. Aflurax reduced the H(+) concentration (total refluxed hydrogen ion index for Aflurax=3.5 x 10(3)+/-2.1 x 10(3), placebo=29 x 10(3)+/-16 x 10(3)) and amount of radiolabelled food reaching the oesophagus (total refluxed count index of food in counts x 1000 min(-1) Aflurax=19.2+/-2.3, placebo=525+/-423). The mean time for which the oesophageal pH fell below pH 4 was 2.58+/-1. 0 and 0.86+/-0.4 minutes for the placebo and Aflurax groups, respectively. The total amount of radiolabelled formulation which reached the oesophagus was 1000+/-660 for the placebo and 621+/-580 for the Aflurax.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Waterhouse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Washington
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Washington
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005079:Excipients; D005260:Female; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D010368:Pectins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D005079:Excipients; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C109521:idoflux; D010368:Pectins; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m