Dendritic spines shaped by synaptic activity.
A recent series of exciting observations, using novel high-resolution time-lapse imaging of living cells, has provoked a major shift in our understanding of the dendritic spine, from a stable storage site of long-term memory to a dynamic structure that undergoes rapid morphological variations. Through these recent observations, the molecular mechanisms underlying spine plasticity are beginning to emerge. A common mechanism involving changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration may control both the formation/elongation and the pruning/retraction of spines. Spine motility may be instrumental in the formation of synapses, may contribute to the anchoring/removing of glutamate receptors at spine heads, and may control the efficacy of existing synapses.
Segal
M
M
Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute, 76100, Rehovot, Israel. menahem.segal@weizmann.ac.il
Andersen
P
P
D000818:Animals; D003712:Dendrites / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology