title: Closed chest bilateral mammary artery grafting in double-vessel coronary artery disease.
abstract: A clinical case of a closed chest double-vessel total endoscopic coronary artery bypass procedure was performed using a wrist-enhanced, three-dimensional-based robotic system. A patient suffering from lesions of the left coronary artery system was effectively treated surgically without median sternotomy or minithoracotomy. This encourages optimism for introducing closed chest endoscopic bypass operations into the surgical routine for patients suffering from double-vessel coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, University of Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kappert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cichon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schramm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schüler
mesh_terms: D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012371:Robotics