title: Vaginoplasty in male transsexuals using penile skin and a urethral flap.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe and present the results of a one-stage vaginoplasty in male-to-female sex reassignment surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present technique is based on penile disassembly and the use of all penile components for vaginoplasty (except the corpora cavernosa). The neovagina consists of two parts; a long vascularized urethral flap and a pedicled island tube skin flap created from the penile skin. The urethral flap is embedded into the skin tube. The tube, consisting of skin and the urethral flap, is inverted, thus forming the neovagina. The new vagina is inserted into the previously prepared perineal cavity between the urethra, bladder and rectum. The neovagina is then fixed to the sacrospinous ligament. The labia minora and majora are formed from remaining penile and scrotal skin. The new method was used in 89 patients (mean age 28 years, range 18-56) with a mean (range) follow-up of 4. 6 (0.25-6) years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Good cosmetic and functional results were obtained in 77 of the 89 patients (87%). Importantly, the neovagina produced in most patients was of satisfactory depth and width. There was only one major complication, a rectovaginal fistula caused by intraoperative injury to the rectum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique produces a vagina with more normal anatomical and physiological characteristics than those produced by other methods, as all the penile components are used (except for the corpora cavernosa) to form almost normal external female genitalia. Vaginoplasty using pedicled penile skin with a urethral flap is a good alternative to other methods of vaginoplasty in male-to-female sex reassignment surgery.
authors.affiliation: Belgrade Gender Dysphoria Team, University of Belgrade, Yugoslavia. uromiros@Eunet.yu
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Perovic
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Stanojevic
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001187:Artificial Organs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014189:Transsexualism / Q000601:surgery*; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery; D014621:Vagina / Q000601:surgery*