title: Human APE/Ref-1 protein.
abstract: Human apurinic (apyrimidinic) endonuclease/redox-factor 1 (APE/Ref-1) is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein of 36.5 kDa which is encoded by a approximately 3 kb gene localized on chromosome 14. APE/Ref-1 is involved in the repair of DNA damage as well as in the transcriptional regulation of genes. The repair function of the protein is located on its C-terminal region. Activation of transcription factors, which occurs via a redox-based mechanism, pertains to a approximately 6 kDa N-terminal fragment with Cys-65 being of essential importance. APE/Ref-1 is part of the cellular response to oxidative stress and protects cells from the genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of oxidizing agents. Thus, specific downmodulation of APE/Ref-1 activity in tumors might be considered as a novel therapeutic approach in tumor therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Toxicology, Institute of Toxicology, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany. fritz@mail.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fritz
mesh_terms: D019757:Carbon-Oxygen Lyases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D043223:Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced); D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D043223:Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced); D019757:Carbon-Oxygen Lyases; C085108:APEX1 protein, human; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase