Remnant lipoproteins as therapeutic targets.
Increasing evidence suggests that subsets of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are particularly atherogenic. These include particles with some, but not necessarily all the properties classically attributed to remnants. Cholesteryl ester-enrichment seems to be a common feature of these particles, some of which can be taken up by macrophages by a novel receptor that recognizes species of apolipoprotein B but not apolipoprotein E. These characteristics seem to be common to postprandial and hypertriglyceridemic very low density lipoproteins as well as chylomicron remnants. Remnant-like triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that exhibit several potentially atherogenic properties can be quantified by a simple test that shows promise for identifying individuals at high risk for lesion formation and clinical events. Available hygienic and pharmaceutical measures that effectively lower the concentration of atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoproteins deserve wider use.
Havel
R J
RJ
Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000737:chemistry; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000737:chemistry; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000378:metabolism; D053298:Chylomicron Remnants; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D053298:Chylomicron Remnants; D002914:Chylomicrons; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides