title: Functions and mechanisms of RNA editing.
abstract: RNA editing can be broadly defined as any site-specific alteration in an RNA sequence that could have been copied from the template, excluding changes due to processes such as RNA splicing and polyadenylation. Changes in gene expression attributed to editing have been described in organisms from unicellular protozoa to man, and can affect the mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs present in all cellular compartments. These sequence revisions, which include both the insertion and deletion of nucleotides, and the conversion of one base to another, involve a wide range of largely unrelated mechanisms. Recent advances in the development of in vitro editing and transgenic systems for these varied modifications have provided a better understanding of similarities and differences between the biochemical strategies, regulatory sequences, and cellular factors responsible for such RNA processing events.
authors.affiliation: Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. jmg13@po.cwru.edu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gott
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Emeson
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D017393:RNA Editing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012343:RNA, Transfer