Cell-cell interactions in synovitis. Interactions between T lymphocytes and synovial cells.
Mechanisms whereby T lymphocytes contribute to synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis are poorly understood. Here we review data that indicate an important role for cell contact between synovial T cells, adjacent macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Thus, T cells activated by cytokines, endothelial transmigration, extracellular matrix or by auto-antigens can promote cytokine, particularly TNF alpha, metalloproteinase production by macrophages and FLS through cell-membrane interactions, mediated at least through beta-integrins and membrane cytokines. Since soluble factors thus induced may in turn contribute directly to T cell activation, positive feedback loops are likely to be created. These novel pathways represent exciting potential therapeutic targets.
McInnes
I B
IB
Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. i.b.mcinnes@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
Leung
B P
BP
Liew
F Y
FY
D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013585:Synovitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*