title: A confirmatory factor analysis of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in rheumatoid arthritis patients: additional evidence for a four-factor model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the factor structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in a sample of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), testing all of the alternative models suggested by the previous evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CES-D was administered to a group of RA patients (n = 685) during a structured telephone interview. The telephone interview was repeated 6 months later (n = 537) and 12 months later (n = 453). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test alternative models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The correlated 4-factor model and the second-order 4-factor model were the best fitting models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The factor structure of the CES-D previously found in the general population was replicated in an RA sample. The results are consistent with previous evidence of criterion contamination in the CES-D when used in an RA sample and provide support for the view that a single summary score may not be the most informative index of the CES-D.
authors.affiliation: Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Petroski
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Smarr
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Multon
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Komatireddy
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*