title: Antibodies to streptococcal surface enolase react with human alpha-enolase: implications in poststreptococcal sequelae.
abstract: The pathogenic mechanisms for developing acute rheumatic fever after group A streptococcal pharyngitis are still poorly understood. The glycolytic enzyme enolase is one of the major proteins on the surface of group A streptococci. Herein, significant cross-reactivity was shown between streptococcal enolase and human enolase. Fluorocytometric analysis revealed that antistreptococcal enolase antibodies react with the enolase expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, the enolase on the leukocyte surface was found to be up-regulated by inflammatory stimuli. Evaluation of antibody titers indicated that serum samples from patients with acute rheumatic fever have higher levels of antibodies that react with the human and bacterial enolases than do serum samples from patients with streptococcal pharyngitis or healthy control subjects. These results show that streptococcal enolase is a novel cross-reactive antigen that may play an important role in the initiation of the autoimmune diseases related to streptococcal infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Fontán
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pancholi
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Nociari
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Fischetti
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D012213:Rheumatic Fever / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase