Adjuvant radiotherapy influences the survival of patients with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck who have poor prognoses.
The treatment of carcinoma of the head and neck in recent years has improved significantly, chiefly thanks to progress in surgery and radiotherapy. Despite these advances, the survival statistics reported in the literature show no appreciable evidence of radical improvement. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact on survival achieved with the combination of surgical and postoperative radiotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck carcinomas and to identify the prognostic value of several host- and tumor-related factors that can influence the results of combined treatment. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 394 patients with stage III and IV carcinoma of the head and neck, of whom 170 (43%) underwent surgery alone and 224 (57%) received combined surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. The 394 patients were stratified for a set of variables including the patient's condition, the characteristics of the tumor, and the modality of treatment. Univariate analysis revealed that coexistent medical diseases, the size and site of the primary lesion, the stage of the tumor, and certain pathologic features had a negative impact on survival. Multivariate analysis showed that the removal of lymph nodes and postoperative radiotherapy can have a positive influence and can improve the prognosis. We compared the survival rates of the patients treated with surgery alone with those of the patients who underwent combined treatment, and we observed that the two survival curves were comparable, even if there was a bias because the combined treatment group consisted of patients with negative prognostic factors. The meaning of these results, compared with data from the literature, has been discussed.
De Stefani
A
A
Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Second ENT Clinic, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy.
Magnano
M
M
Cavalot
A
A
Usai
A
A
Lerda
W
W
Mola
P
P
Albera
R
R
Ragona
R
R
Gabriele
P
P
Bussi
M
M
Cortesina
G
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010611:Pharyngectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate