title: Retinal changes after retinal translocation surgery with scleral imbrication in dog eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine retinal changes induced by scleral imbrication during retinal translocation surgery in dog eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen dogs were anesthetized and underwent retinal translocation surgery. After lensectomy and vitrectomy, an intentional retinal detachment was created, and the upper temporal sclera around the equator was imbricated with five mattress sutures. Translocated distances were calculated by pre- and postoperative photographs. At 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the surgery, the retina was studied by TdT-dNTP terminal nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry of peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The retina was translocated by a mean distance of 0.53 +/- 0.30 disc diameters or 959 +/- 543 micrometer. Retinal folds were created around the optic disc in all eyes. Histologic examination of the retinal folds 1 week after the surgery showed many TUNEL-positive cells in the outer nuclear layer, loss of photoreceptor cells, and shortening of the outer and inner segments. A strong immunoreactivity to GFAP was detected in the folds of the retina.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  . The results demonstrated that retinal translocation surgery by scleral imbrication inevitably caused retinal folds as a postoperative complication, and the retina within the folds showed extensive loss of photoreceptor cells. It is recommended that the foveal translocation surgery be planned to avoid involving the fovea in the retinal folds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. ahayashi@ophthal.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujikado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohji
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004285:Dogs; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000637:transplantation*; D012590:Sclera / Q000601:surgery*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein