title: Effectiveness of aerial- and ground-applied Bacillus formulations against Anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in Arkansas rice plots.
abstract: Experimental Bacillus larvicides designed to float on or near the water surface were compared to labeled standard Bacillus corn-cob-based larvicides using sentinel Anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in Arkansas rice plots during the 1998 growing season. Experimental floating formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis applied at 5.58 and 11.18 kg/ha provided up to 100% control of 3rd- and 4th-stage Anopheles larvae within 24-48 h, whereas the water-dispersible granule formulations containing Bacillus sphaericus required 48-72 h to yield >75% mortality in 0.16-ha plots at 11.18 kg/ha. Detecting and targeting the smaller developmental stages (1st- and 2nd-stage larvae) could increase the effectiveness of the tested compounds against An. quadrimaculatus in Arkansas and other rice-growing regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dennett
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Meisch
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D001131:Arkansas; D001407:Bacillus; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D007814:Larva; D012275:Oryza; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water