title: Inhibition of growth-factor-induced phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase B/Akt by atypical protein kinase C in breast cancer cells.
abstract: The protein kinase B/Akt serine/threonine kinase, located downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K), is a major regulator of cellular survival and proliferation. Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) family members are activated by PI-3K and also contribute to cell proliferation, suggesting that Akt and aPKC might interact to activate signalling through the PI-3K cascade. Here we demonstrate that blocking PKC activity in MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells increased the phosphorylation and activity of Akt. Functional PI-3K was required for the PKC inhibitors to increase Akt phosphorylation and activation, potentially owing to the activation of specific PKC isoforms by PI-3K. The concentration dependence of the action of the PKC inhibitors implicates aPKC in the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and activity. In support of a role for aPKC in the regulation of Akt, Akt and PKCzeta or PKClambda/iota were readily co-precipitated from the BT-549 breast cancer cell line. Furthermore, the overexpression of PKCzeta inhibited growth-factor-induced increases in Akt phosphorylation and activity. Thus PKCzeta associates physically with Akt and decreases Akt phosphorylation and enzyme activity. The effects of PKC on Akt were transmitted through the PI-3K cascade as indicated by changes in p70 s6 kinase (p70(s6k)) phosphorylation. Thus PKCzeta, and potentially other PKC isoenzymes, regulate growth-factor-mediated Akt phosphorylation and activation, which is consistent with a generalized role for PKCzeta in limiting growth factor signalling through the PI-3K/Akt pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Box 317, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lapushin
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bast
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C064758:Ro 31-8220