title: Spiritual support and psychological well-being: older adults' perceptions of the religion and health connection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A growing body of literature suggests that religion and spirituality can help older adults to maintain and recover both physical and mental health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To better understand how older adults perceive the role played by religious belief and activity in maintaining and recovering health and to explore the hypothesis that spiritual support contributes to increased sense of coherence and enhanced psychological well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative research (i.e., focus groups and interviews).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two continuing care retirement communities.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 41 male and female residents aged 66 to 92 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concepts were identified and tracked, leading to hypothesis generation and theory refinement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the older adults in this study believed that a higher power (i.e., God) supports them constantly, protecting, guiding, teaching, helping, and healing. They believe that prayer can heal both physical and mental illness, if it is God's will to do so. God is perceived to work through the mundane world (e.g., through physicians, medicine, loving friends, and helpful strangers). Many expressed the belief that having a relationship with God forms the foundation of their psychological well-being.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary findings suggest that religious belief may have a significant influence on the psychological well-being of older adults, and that the subjective experience of spiritual support may form the core of the spirituality-health connection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rajagopal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meibohm
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lavizzo-Mourey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006299:Health Services for the Aged; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D015143:Philadelphia; D012067:Religion; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires