title: Gamma-tubulin distribution in interphase and mitotic cells upon stabilization and depolymerization of microtubules.
abstract: Indirect immunofluorescence and digital videomicroscopy were used to study gamma-tubulin distribution in normal mitotic and interphase HeLa cells and after their treatment with microtubule-stabilizing (taxol) and depolymerizing (nocodazole) drugs. In interphase HeLa cells, the affinity-purified antibodies against gamma-tubulin and monoclonal antibodies against acetylated tubulin stain one or two neighboring dots, centrioles. The gamma-tubulin content in two centrioles from the same cell differs insignificantly. Mitotic poles contain fourfold amount of gamma-tubulin as compared with the centrioles in interphase. The effect of nocodazole (5 microg/ml) on interphase cells resulted in lowering the amount of gamma-tubulin in the centrosome, and in 24 h it was reduced by half. Treatment with nocodazole for 2 h caused a fourfold decrease in the gamma-tubulin content in mitotic poles. Besides, the mitotic poles were unevenly stained, the fluorescence intensity in the center was lower than at the periphery. Upon treatment with taxol (10 microg/ml), the gamma-tubulin content in the interphase cell centrosome first decreased, then increased, and in 24 h it doubled as compared with control. In the latter case, bright dots appeared in the cell cytoplasm along the microtubule bundles. However, after 24 h treatment with taxol, the total amount of intracellular gamma-tubulin did not change. Treatment with taxol for 2-4 h halved the gamma-tubulin content in the centrosome as compared with normal mitosis. In some cells, antibodies against gamma-tubulin revealed up to four microtubule convergence foci. Other numerous microtubule convergence foci were not stained. Thus, the existence of at least three gamma-tubulin pools is suggested: (1) constitutive gamma-tubulin permanently associated with centrioles irrespective of the cell cycle stage and of their ability to serve as microtubule organizing centers; (2) gamma-tubulin unstably associated with the centrosome only during mitosis; (3) cytoplasmic gamma-tubulin that can bind to stable microtubules.
authors.affiliation: Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia. ivorobjev@mail.ru
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Vorobjev
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Uzbekov
authors.lastname: Komarova YuA
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Alieva
mesh_terms: D019281:Dimerization; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008938:Mitosis; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D014404:Tubulin