title: Personality traits among currently eating disordered, recovered and never ill first-degree female relatives of bulimic and control women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A combined family study and recovered study design was utilized to examine several hypothesized relationships between personality and bulimia nervosa (BN).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 47 women with a lifetime history of DSM-III-R BN (31 currently ill and 16 recovered), 44 matched control women (CW) with no history of an eating disorder (ED), and their first-degree female relatives (N = 89 and N = 100, respectively), some of whom had current or previous EDs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BN probands' relatives with no ED history had significantly elevated levels of perfectionism, ineffectiveness, and interpersonal distrust compared to CW probands' relatives with no ED history. In contrast, diminished interoceptive awareness, heightened stress reactivity and perfectionistic doubting of actions were found among the previously eating disordered relatives of bulimic probands compared to their never ill relatives. Finally, a sense of alienation and emotional responsivity to the environment were elevated among currently ill compared to recovered bulimic probands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fact that perfectionism, ineffectiveness and interpersonal distrust are transmitted independently of an ED in relatives suggests that they may be of potential aetiological relevance for BN. In contrast, diminished interoceptive awareness, heightened stress reactivity and perfectionistic doubting of actions are more likely consequent to, or exacerbated by, previously having experienced the illness. Finally, a sense of alienation and emotional responsivity to the environment are more likely to be associated with currently having BN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lilenfeld
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bulik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strober
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Plotnicov
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pollice
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Merikangas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kaye
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002032:Bulimia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D010551:Personality / Q000235:genetics*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013694:Temperament