title: In vivo electrical characteristics of human skin, including at biological active points.
abstract: The aim is to compare the mean values of the in vivo electrical characteristics of biological active points (BAPs) with those of the surrounding human skin. The impedance measurements at BAPs and on the surrounding skin are carried out in vivo on ten young, healthy people. The results of the measurements show that the BAP resistance RP is smaller, and the capacitance CP is higher, than the corresponding values for skin, RS and CS, respectively, these differences are larger at low frequencies (at f = 3 Hz, RS/RP = 3.19 and CP/CS = 3.2). The mean values of the impedance measurements at the BAPs are different from those measured on the skin. The dependence of RP and CP on the pressing force, in the range of about 1-5 N, for the BAPs, has a smaller slope than that observed for the surrounding skin. An equivalent circuit for the BAPs is proposed that describes sufficiently well the experimental results obtained. These results show that the large dispersion in the observed impedance characteristics of the human body measurements in different body regions can be related to the influence of the BAPs present under the electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Querétaro, Mexico. prokhorov@ciateq.mx
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Prokhorov
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Hernández
authors.forename: Y V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Vorobiev
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morales-Sánchez
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Prokhorova
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaldivar Lelo de Larrea
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004566:Electrodes; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological