title: A preliminary evaluation of guideline content mark-up using GEM--an XML guideline elements model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe application of GEM to analysis and categorization of guideline content.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the application of GEM constructs to the AAP guideline on neurodiagnostic evaluation of febrile seizures. Subjects at 4 sites marked-up the guideline content using a hierarchical template that includes branches for identity, developer, purpose, intended audience, method of development, knowledge components, testing, and review. The types of elements used were tabulated. Subjects were surveyed regarding the usability of the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight subjects analyzed the guideline, using between 46 and 149 elements to model its content. There was considerable variation in the application of elements. The number of elements used correlated with time to complete the task. Subjects found application of GEM to be straightforward in 6 of 8 categories and sufficiently comprehensive to model the guideline's information content.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects found GEM constructs were able to model the content of the guideline. Improved editing tools will facilitate translation.
authors.affiliation: Yale Center for Medical Informatics, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Karras
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Shiffman
mesh_terms: D003658:Decision Making, Computer-Assisted; D006801:Humans; D008581:Meningitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011381:Programming Languages; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000209:etiology*