title: Perilimbal topical anesthesia for clear corneal phacoemulsification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of perilimbal topical anesthesia for clear corneal cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five consecutive patients were studied for perioperative pain, visual outcome, and intraoperative complications. Topical anesthesia was administered with a cellulose sponge soaked in preservative-free lidocaine 2%. The perilimbal area was touched 360 degrees for 30 seconds with the sponge tip under the operating microscope just before surgery. No sedation or adjunctive anesthetic drops were given. Surgery was performed through a temporal corneal tunnel with the easy-chop technique. Pain was scored on a subjective scale from 0 (no pain) to 3 (severe pain). Visual acuity was measured 1 day and 1 week after surgery. Mean operating time was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine patients (92%) tolerated the procedure well, giving a pain score of 0 or 1. Six (8%) of the 40 patients who had a single stitch at the end of surgery scored 2. No patient reported pain during iris touch, intraocular lens implantation, or conjunctiva manipulation. No intraoperative complications were recorded. Mean operating time was 12.7 minutes +/- 3.7 (SD) (range 7 to 34 minutes). Mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.4 +/- 0.2 (range 0.01 to 0.80). Visual acuity of 0.5 or better was attained in 93.6% of eyes 1 day and in 96% 1 week postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perilimbal topical anesthesia was an effective and easy-to-administer anesthetic procedure for phacoemulsification, providing good perioperative pain tolerance by patients and rapid visual recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. paolo.lanzetta@dsc.uniud.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lanzetta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Virgili
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crovato
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bandello
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Menchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016850:Limbus Corneae; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010147:Pain Measurement; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D008012:Lidocaine