title: Activation of pancreatic acinar cells on isolation from tissue: cytokine upregulation via p38 MAP kinase.
abstract: Cytokines produced by pancreatic acinar cells may mediate cell death and recruitment of inflammatory cells into pancreas in pancreatitis and other disorders. Here, we demonstrate mRNA expression for a number of cytokines in acini isolated from rat pancreas. Using RNA from microscopically selected individual cells, we confirmed the acinar cell as a source for cytokine expression. Competitive RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry showed large amounts of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6 compared with other cytokines. Cytokine expression was inhibited by either inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), SB-202190 and SB-203580, or (less strongly) by the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibitor MG-132. A combination of SB-203580 and MG-132 inhibited mRNA expression of all cytokines by >90%. The results suggest a major role for p38 MAPK and involvement of NF-kappaB in cytokine expression in pancreatic acinar cells. In contrast to isolated acini, we detected no or very low cytokine expression in normal rat pancreas. Our results indicate that activation of p38 MAPK, transcription factors, and cytokines occurs during removal of the pancreas from the animal and isolation of acini.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, and the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90073, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Blinman
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gukovsky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mouria
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zaninovic
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Pandol
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gukovskaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C475895:Cxcl1 protein, mouse; C404915:Cxcl2 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C074302:keratinocyte-derived chemokines; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C090942:4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole