title: Control of SIV rebound through structured treatment interruptions during early infection.
abstract: In a randomized controlled trial with acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques, both highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HAART with fixed-schedule structured treatment interruption (STI-HAART; alternating 3 weeks on and 3 weeks off therapy) suppressed viral load. In the STI-HAART group, T cell virus-specific immune response (VIR) and control of viral rebound increased concurrently during subsequent interruptions. In contrast, VIR did not increase and SIV rebounded after permanent treatment withdrawal in all animals on continuous HAART. Fixed-schedule STI-HAART appears to be an effective alternative to continuous HAART for the early treatment of retroviral infection.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy (RIGHT), Medical-Dental Building SW307, 3900 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lori
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Zinn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crabbs
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenhouse
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silvera
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yalley-Ogunro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tinelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lisziewicz
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016049:Didanosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000068698:Tenofovir; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine; D016049:Didanosine; D006918:Hydroxyurea