title: Housing status and health care service utilization among low-income persons with HIV/AIDS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of housing status on health service utilization patterns in low-income HIV-infected adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of 1,445 HIV-infected Medicaid recipients in New York State between April 1996 and March 1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six percent of study participants were homeless, 24.5% were "doubled-up," and 69.5% were stably housed. Compared with the stably housed, doubled-up and homeless participants were less likely to be seeing a physician regularly (P = .0001), and if seeing a physician, they were likely to have been doing so for a significantly shorter time (P = .02). The homeless were also less likely than either stably housed or doubled-up individuals to see the same physician or group of physicians at each ambulatory visit (P = .007). In addition, a higher proportion of the homeless had made one or more hospital visits over the prior 3 months than the nonhomeless. After multivariate adjustment, doubled-up participants were found to make more emergency room visits, the homeless were less likely to be taking prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and both the doubled-up and the homeless were shown to use slightly more outpatient care than the stably housed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study documents differences in health care utilization patterns across stably housed, doubled-up, and homeless HIV-infected persons after controlling for health insurance coverage. These differences, especially those pertaining to outpatient services, suggest that the unstably housed may be receiving less adequate health care than the stably housed, and hence may be more likely to experience adverse clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Derald H. Ruttenberg Cancer Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. meredith.smith@mountsinai.org
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Rapkin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Winkel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Springer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chhabra
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid; D009518:New York; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011203:Poverty; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012309:Risk-Taking; D014481:United States