title: Cottonseed with a high (+)- to (-)-gossypol enantiomer ratio favorable to broiler production.
abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the relative toxicity of (+)- and (-)-gossypol enantiomers in 0-3-week-old broilers. Treatments consisted of broiler starter diets formulated with either a glandless, which did not contain gossypol, a commercial glanded [62. 2% (+)-gossypol], or a glanded moco [83.2% (+)-gossypol] crushed cottonseed (CCS) (six replicates/treatment) plus a soybean meal negative control. Glandless cottonseed was mixed with the moco cottonseed (2.4% free gossypol) so that both the commercial glanded and moco glanded cottonseeds contained equivalent concentrations of free gossypol (2.0%). The cottonseed treatments were added at 5 and 10% of the diet. Body weights and feed conversions were determined weekly. Body weights and feed-to-gain ratios of broilers fed 5 and 10% glandless CCS and 5% moco CCS were not significantly different. Broilers receiving 10% commercial glanded CCS weighed significantly less than those subjected to all other treatments. Feed-to-gain ratios were significantly higher for broilers receiving 10% commercial glanded and 10% moco CCS as compared to 5% moco and glandless CCS, 10% glandless CCS, and control. Relative liver weights of birds receiving 10% moco CCS were significantly less than those of birds receiving 10% commercial CCS. The data clearly showed that broilers fed moco CCS containing a relatively high (+)- to (-)-gossypol enantiomer ratio performed better than broilers receiving commercial CCS with a lower (+)- to (-)-gossypol enantiomer ratio.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas 77843-2472, USA. c-bailey@tamu.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Stipanovic
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ziehr
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Haq
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Kubena
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de M Vieira
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003369:Cottonseed Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006072:Gossypol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D006072:Gossypol