title: Sexual behaviour of Zebu bulls in the humid tropics of Costa Rica: single versus multiple-sire groups.
abstract: This study compares the courtship and mounting behaviour of Bos indicus bulls in single- and multiple-sire groups in Costa Rica (latitude 10 degrees 25'N, longitude 84 degrees 32'W, annual precipitation of 3096mm, temperature of 24 degrees C and humidity of 85.3%). Four, 3-4 year-old Brahman bulls with previous sexual experience were used to sire a group of 120 multiparous cows (average of 128 days post-partum and a body condition score of 2.5) allocated to two groups of 60 each: (1) single-sire mating group (SSM) and (2) multiple-sire mating group of three bulls (MSM). Bulls were rotated among groups every 7 days for 28 days. The frequency, type and duration of sexual activities (mounting and mounting attempts) and courtship activities (smelling and licking genital area, butting, supporting the head over a female and the sign of Flehmen) were calculated for each mating group. Descriptive and non-parametric statistics (Wilcoxon, Mann-Withney tests) were used to calculate differences between mating programmes. Sexual activities tended to be more frequent in the SSM group than the MSM group (267 versus 124, P>0.05). Differences in the ratios of sexual to courtship activities between both groups were significant (1:3 in SSM and 1:6 in MSM, P>0.05). Pregnancy rate averages were 28 and 37%, respectively, (P>0.05). It is concluded that under these conditions multiple-sire mating and single-sire mating achieved similar pregnancy rates.
authors: Escuela de Agronomía, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, sede San Carlos, Costa Rica.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Molina
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Bolaños
authors: C S
authors: CS
authors: Galina
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Pérez
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Paniagua
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Estrada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003307:Copulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003364:Costa Rica; D005260:Female; D006813:Humidity; D008297:Male; D012098:Reproduction; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D013696:Temperature; D014329:Tropical Climate