Clinical value of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.
This article presents a brief review of the clinical value of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in the diagnosis and management of patients with various forms of vasculitis. ANCA assay methodology and testing recommendations are reviewed. The patterns of reactivity of ANCA observed by indirect immunofluorescence, the antigens recognized by ANCA, and the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of ANCA for diagnosis of different vasculitides are described. In addition, the spectrum of drugs and nonvasculitic diseases that are associated with ANCA and need to be differentiated from true ANCA-positive vasculitides are reviewed. When properly utilized and cautiously interpreted, ANCA are a useful, noninvasive diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of vasculitis.
Rus
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Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, 10 South Pine Street, 8-34 MSTF, Baltimore, MD 21201-1192, USA. vrus@umaryland.edu
Handwerger
B S
BS
D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic / Q000032:analysis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*
D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic