title: Protective effects of ifenprodil against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured retinal neurons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of ifenprodil on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured retinal neurons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary cultures obtained from the fetal rat retina (gestation day 17-19) were used for the experiment. Neurotoxicity effects on retinal cultures were quantitatively assessed by the trypan blue exclusion method. The cells were exposed briefly (10 min) to excitatory amino acids (EAA, 1 mM) and then were incubated for 1 h in an EAA-free medium. Ifenprodil (10 mM) was added for the 10-min exposure to EAA and the subsequent 60-min incubation in an EAA-free medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ifenprodil dose-dependently prevented cell death induced by glutamate or NMDA, but did not affect that induced by kainate. The protective effects of ifenprodil against glutamate neurotoxicity were significantly reduced by spermidine, a polyamine modulatory site agonist, but not by glycine, a strychnine-insensitive glycine site agonist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that ifenprodil protected the cultured retinal cells we used in this study against glutamate neurotoxicity by its inhibitory action on the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan. skashii@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kashii
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Yasuyoshi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Honda
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kaneda
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sato
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Akaike
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005333:Fetus; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013095:Spermidine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D010880:Piperidines; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C010739:ifenprodil; D013095:Spermidine