title: The impact of peak saturation of the arterial input function on quantitative evaluation of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this work was to investigate systematic errors in dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion studies due to peak saturation of the arterial input function (AIF) and to introduce a simple correction algorithm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computer simulations were performed to evaluate the influence of AIF peak saturation and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented correction algorithm. To compare the computer simulations with real MR data, MR perfusion measurements were performed on volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The computer simulations show that AIF peak saturation leads to a systematic overestimation of cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) values, which was confirmed by comparing the obtained MR data with PET results. With use of an improved calculation algorithm correcting for AIF peak saturation, a significant improvement of the obtained CBV and CBF values could be demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that AIF peak saturation leads to a significant systematic error in the determination of CBV and CBF values and has necessarily to be taken into account for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion studies.
authors: Department of Magnetic Resonance, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ellinger
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kremser
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Schocke
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kolbitsch
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Griebel
authors: S R
authors: SR
authors: Felber
authors: F T
authors: FT
authors: Aichner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D016477:Artifacts; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003287:Contrast Media; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D013997:Time Factors; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA