CpG DNA is an effective oral adjuvant to protein antigens in mice.
We have previously reported that synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing immunostimulatory CpG motifs (CpG ODN) are potent adjuvants to protein administered by intramuscular (IM) injection or intranasal (IN) inhalation to BALB/c mice. Herein, we have evaluated oral delivery of CpG ODN with purified hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or tetanus toxoid (TT) to determine its potential as an adjuvant to oral vaccines. CpG ODN augmented systemic (IgG in plasma, CTL, T-cell proliferation) and mucosal (IgA in lung, vaginal or gut washes, feces and saliva) immune responses against both antigens. CpG stimulated both T-helper type 1 (Th1) (CTL, IgG2a) and Th2 (IgG1, IgA) responses when delivered orally. Results from this study indicate that stimulatory CpG ODN may be effective as an adjuvant with oral vaccines.
McCluskie
M J
MJ
Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ont., K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada.
Weeratna
R D
RD
Krieg
A M
AM
Davis
H L
HL
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001483:Base Sequence; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D019444:Vaccines, DNA