Protective effect of amifostine on dental health after radiotherapy of the head and neck.
OBJECTIVE
The cytoprotective agent amifostine has been shown to reduce the radiation-induced acute and chronic xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether or not amifostine also reduces the incidence of dental caries associated with the radiation-induced xerostomia.


METHODS
The dental status before and 1 year after radiotherapy was retrospectively compared in 35 unselected patients treated as part of the prospective randomized and multicenter open-label Phase III study (WR-38) at the University Hospitals of Heidelberg, Freiburg, and Erlangen. The WR-38 study compared radiotherapy in head and neck cancer with and without concomitant administration of amifostine.


RESULTS
Patient and treatment characteristics (particularly the radiation dose and percentage of parotids included in the treatment volume) were equally distributed between the patients who received (n = 17) or did not receive (n = 18) amifostine. Fifteen patients of the amifostine group showed no deterioration of the dental status 1 year after radiotherapy as compared to 7 patients who did not receive the cytoprotector (p = 0. 015, two-tailed Fisher exact test).


CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest a protective effect of amifostine on the dental health after radiotherapy of the head and neck. The dental status should be used as a primary endpoint in future studies on amifostine.
Rudat
V
V
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. volker_rudat@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Meyer
J
J
Momm
F
F
Bendel
M
M
Henke
M
M
Strnad
V
V
Grötz
K
K
Schulte
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004999:Amifostine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D004999:Amifostine