title: Renal calculi. Percutaneous management.
abstract: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has established indications and is performed with high success and minimal morbidity. Patients who have large or hard stones or stones associated with urinary obstruction are candidates for a percutaneous procedure. When the certainty of the final result is important, the patient should have a PNL. In general, the best treatment for SWL failure is not more SWL; such patients usually should have an endoscopic procedure.
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ramakumar
authors: J W
authors: JW
authors: Segura
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection