Hydroxynitrile lyases in stereoselective catalysis.
(R)- as well as (S)-cyanohydrins are now easily available as a result of the excellent accessibility, the relatively high stability and the easy handling of hydroxynitrile lyases (HNLs). The optimization of reaction conditions (solvent, temperature, and using site-directed mutagenesis, etc.) has enabled HNL-catalyzed preparations of optically active cyanohydrins on a technical scale. The enantioselectivity of chiral metal-complex-catalyzed additions of trimethylsilyl cyanide to aldehydes has been improved, but is, by far, not yet competitive with the HNL-catalyzed reactions.
Effenberger
F
F
Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. franz.effenberger@po.uni-stuttgart.de
Förster
S
S
Wajant
H
H
D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002384:Catalysis; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D009570:Nitriles; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; C079359:hydroxymandelonitrile lyase; C017456:lactonitrile