title: The beta(2)-adrenergic receptor delivers an antiapoptotic signal to cardiac myocytes through G(i)-dependent coupling to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase.
abstract: Recent studies have shown that chronic beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation alters cardiac myocyte survival in a receptor subtype-specific manner. We examined the effect of selective beta(1)- and beta(2)-AR subtype stimulation on apoptosis induced by hypoxia or H(2)O(2) in rat neonatal cardiac myocytes. Although neither beta(1)- nor beta(2)-AR stimulation had any significant effect on the basal level of apoptosis, selective beta(2)-AR stimulation protected myocytes from apoptosis. beta(2)-AR stimulation markedly increased mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) activation as well as phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase (PI-3K) activity and Akt/protein kinase B phosphorylation. beta(1)-AR stimulation also markedly increased MAPK/ERK activation but only minimally activated PI-3K and Akt. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin blocked beta(2)-AR-mediated protection from apoptosis as well as the beta(2)-AR-stimulated changes in MAPK/ERK, PI-3K, and Akt/protein kinase B. The selective PI-3K inhibitor, LY 294002, also blocked beta(2)-AR-mediated protection, whereas inhibition of MAPK/ERK activation at an inhibitor concentration that blocked agonist-induced activation but not the basal level of activation had no effect on beta(2)-AR-mediated protection. These findings demonstrate that beta(2)-ARs activate a PI-3K-dependent, pertussis toxin-sensitive signaling pathway in cardiac myocytes that is required for protection from apoptosis-inducing stimuli often associated with ischemic stress.
authors: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Chesley
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Lundberg
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Asai
authors: R P
authors: RP
authors: Xiao
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ohtani
authors: E G
authors: EG
authors: Lakatta
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Crow
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000502:physiology; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D009025:Morpholines; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one