title: The use of electrolyzed solutions for the cleaning and disinfecting of dialyzers.
abstract: Recently, the use of electrolyzed solutions has attracted considerable interest in Japan. This study investigates the efficiency of electrolyzed solutions as disinfecting agents (DA) in the reuse of dialyzers and compares their efficiency to that of other disinfectants currently in use. The following 3 methods were employed. First, the rinsing time and rebound release of reused dialyzers were measured and compared after electrolyzed solutions, electrolyzed strong acid aqueous solution (ESAAS) and electrolyzed strong basic aqueous solution (ESBAS), made from reverse osmosis (RO) water (ESAAS, ESBAS; Generating apparatuses: Super Oxseed alpha 1000, Amano Corporation, Yokohama, Japan), 2% Dialox-cj (Teijin Gambro Medical, Tokyo, Japan), and 3.8% formalin were used as DAs. This involved performing dialysis with 2 types of dialyzers: a cellulose acetate membrane (CAM) dialyzer and a polysulfone membrane (PSM) dialyzer. The dialyzers were cleaned and disinfected using the different DA and left for 48 h. Next, after performing dialysis the dialyzer membranes were cleaned with a saline solution (0.9% NaCl) and RO water and then cleaned with the various DA. These membranes were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to check for the presence of physical and biological contaminants. Finally, in vitro tests were performed to determine the level of dialyzer clearance when PSM dialyzers were reused after having been cleaned and disinfected with the electrolyzed solutions. The rinsing time results for both the CAM and PSM dialyzers showed the electrolyzed solutions (ESBAS and ESAAS) as being undetectable within 10 min. With regard to the rebound release, for both the CAM and PSM dialyzers, the electrolyzed solutions were undetectable at all checking times between 30 and 240 min. Observation by SEM showed that cleaning with both ESAAS and ESBAS left the fewest contaminants, and cleaning with 2% Dialox-cj left the highest level of contaminants in the CAM dialyzers. With regard to experiments concerning use in vitro, no major changes in the dialyzer clearance were noticed after 6 uses. In every experiment, the previous investigations showed the electrolyzed solutions to be superior to 3. 8% formalin and 2% Dialox-cj DA for the reuse of dialyzers.
authors: Kiyokai Tanaka-Kitanoda Hospital, Sakai-shi, Osaka, Japan.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tanaka
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tanaka
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Fujisawa
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Daimon
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Fujiwara
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yamamoto
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Abe
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004202:Disinfectants; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013450:Sulfones; D014780:Viruses / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D004202:Disinfectants; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D013450:Sulfones; C017662:polysulfone P 1700; C005062:acetylcellulose; D002482:Cellulose