title: Mitral regurgitation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: relationship to obstruction and relief with myectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined: 1) the impact of myectomy on postoperative mitral regurgitation (MR) and 2) the association between the severity of MR and the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  For patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and MR, controversy exists as to whether myectomy alone is sufficient in eliminating MR. Furthermore, the relationship between the degree of MR and the LVOT peak gradient has not been well defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed pre- and postoperative transthoracic as well as intraoperative transesophageal studies in 104 consecutive patients with HOCM undergoing septal myectomy. Left ventricular outflow tract gradient and the nature of MR were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 93 patients without independent mitral valve disease, a relationship was observed between MR severity and the LVOT gradient. Left ventricular outflow tract gradient (mean +/- standard deviation) for trivial, mild, moderate and severe MR were: 23.2+/-19.1, 43.8+/-25.4, 70.1+/-21.0 and 104+/-21.0 mm Hg (p < 0.001). Early postoperative, MR was absent or trivial in 80%, mild in 19% and moderate in 1%. None of these patients required additional mitral valve surgery. For patients with independent mitral valve disease (n = 11), five required mitral valve surgery as well as myectomy. The remainder had significant reductions in the degree of MR with myectomy alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients with HOCM and MR not due to independent mitral valve disease, myectomy significantly reduced the degree of MR, without requirement for additional mitral valve surgery. In these patients the severity of MR was directly related to the magnitude of the LVOT gradient.
authors: Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada. eric.yu@uhn.on.ca
authors: E H
authors: EH
authors: Yu
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Omran
authors: E D
authors: ED
authors: Wigle
authors: W G
authors: WG
authors: Williams
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Siu
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Rakowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000150:complications