title: Effectiveness of the near-infrared electronic endoscope for diagnosis of the depth of involvement of gastric cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Near-infrared light penetrates deeply into tissue but is not visible with a conventional endoscope. We developed a new infrared electronic endoscope system and evaluated its usefulness for assessing the depth of involvement of gastric cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 61 patients with depressed or ulcerated gastric cancers underwent infrared endoscopy after intravenous injection of indocyanine green.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intramucosal cancers were observed as tumors with or without a homogeneous tumor stain, whereas submucosal or deeper cancers were observed as tumors with an inhomogeneous stain or with pooling of the dye. Histologic examination showed staining properties of gastric cancers were significantly correlated with the characteristics of the vascular bed. The accuracy for depth of cancer invasion was 89% for mucosal cancers and 89% for submucosal or deeper cancers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our new infrared electronic endoscope system was useful for distinguishing mucosal cancers from submucosal or deeper cancers either with or without ulcerative changes.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Pathology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Iseki
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tatsuta
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Iishi
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sakai
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Yano
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ishiguro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D020699:Gastroscopes; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green