title: Serum NGF levels in children and adolescents with either Williams syndrome or Down syndrome.
abstract: The neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) is a major regulator of peripheral and central nervous system development. Serum NGF was measured in normally developing control children (n=26) and in individuals affected by congenital syndromes associated with learning disability: either Williams syndrome (WS; n=12) or Down syndrome (DS; n=21). Participants were assessed at three distinct developmental stages: early childhood (2 to 6 years), childhood (8 to 12 years), and adolescence (14 to 20 years). A sample was taken only once from each individual. Serum NGF levels were markedly higher in participants with WS, than DS and control participants. In addition, different developmental profiles emerged in the three groups: while in normally developing individuals NGF levels were higher in early childhood than later on, children with WS showed constantly elevated NGF levels. When compared to control participants, those with DS showed lower NGF levels only during early childhood. Neuropsychological assessment confirmed previously reported differences among the three groups in the development of linguistic/cognitive abilities. Some features of individuals with WS, such as hyperacusis and hypertension, could be related to high-circulating NGF levels.
authors: Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia di Organo e di Sistema, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Calamandrei
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Alleva
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Cirulli
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Queyras
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Volterra
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Capirci
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Vicari
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Giannotti
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Turrini
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Aloe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012001:Hyperacusis / Q000209:etiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000097:blood*; D018980:Williams Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020932:Nerve Growth Factor