title: Methacholine responsiveness in infants assessed with low frequency forced oscillation and forced expiration techniques.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The contribution of the pulmonary tissues to the mechanical behaviour of the respiratory system is well recognised. This study was undertaken to detect airway and lung tissue responses to inhaled methacholine (Mch) using the low frequency forced oscillation technique (LFOT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The respiratory system impedance (Zrs, 0.5-20 Hz) was determined in 17 asymptomatic infants. A model containing airway resistance (Raw) and inertance (Iaw) and a constant phase tissue damping (G) and elastance (H) was fitted to Zrs data. Tissue hysteresivity (eta) was calculated as eta=G/H. The raised volume rapid thoracic compression technique (RVRTC) was used to generate forced expiratory volume in 0.5 seconds (FEV(0.5)). Lung function was determined at baseline and following inhaled Mch in doubling doses (0.25-16 mg/ml) until the maximal dose was reached or a fall of 15% in FEV(0.5) was achieved (PC(15)FEV(0.5)). The response to Mch was defined in terms of the concentration of Mch provoking a change in lung function parameters of more than two standard deviation units (threshold concentration).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At PC(15)FEV(0.5) a response in Raw, Iaw, G, and eta, but not H, was detected (mean (SE) 61.28 (12.22)%, 95.43 (34.31)%, 46.28 (22.36)%, 44.26 (25.83)%, and -6.48 (4.94)%, respectively). No significant differences were found between threshold concentrations of LFOT parameters and FEV(0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhaled Mch alters both airway and respiratory tissue mechanics in infants.
authors: Division of Clinical Sciences, Institute for Child Health Research, Perth, Australia. graham.hall@kispi.unizh.ch
authors: G L
authors: GL
authors: Hall
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Hantos
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Wildhaber
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Peták
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Sly
mesh_terms: D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride