Sex differences in nevirapine rash.
Nevirapine is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that has the most common treatment limiting side effect of rash. Severe rash has been observed in 3% of patients taking nevirapine in clinical trials, 85% of whom were men. In a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of all patients who received nevirapine over a 5-year period, severe rash was noted in 9 of 95 women and 3 of 263 men (risk ratio [RR], 8.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-30.0; P=.005). Women were more likely to discontinue nevirapine therapy because of rash (RR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1. 9-10.5; P=.0005). After adjusting for age and baseline CD4 cell count in multivariate analysis, women had a 7-fold increase in risk for severe rash and were 3.5 times more likely to discontinue nevirapine therapy. In women of reproductive age for whom contraception may occur, nevirapine remains the NNRTI of choice. Recognition of sex differences in this severe adverse event will be important in prescribing nevirapine.
Bersoff-Matcha
S J
SJ
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63141, USA.
Miller
W C
WC
Aberg
J A
JA
van Der Horst
C
C
Hamrick
H J
HJ
Powderly
W G
WG
Mundy
L M
LM
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003875:Drug Eruptions; D005076:Exanthema / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012727:Sex Characteristics
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019829:Nevirapine