Field evaluation of deet and a piperidine repellent against Aedes communis (Diptera: Culicidae) and Simulium venustum (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Adirondack Mountains of New York.
Repellent efficacy of N,N-diethyl-3-methyl-benzamide (deet), the piperidine, 1-[3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl]-2-methylpiperidine (AI3-37220), and a 1:1 ratio of deet + AI3-37220 were evaluated topically (0.25 mg/cm2 applied in ethanol solution) on human volunteers against the mosquito Aedes communis (DeGeer) and the black fly Simulium venustum Say. The average repellency of all three formulations was > 95% at 4 h. For both mosquitoes and black flies, deet alone provided < 90% protection at 6 h, whereas AI3-37220 provided > 95% protection. Although repellent treatments were not significantly different overall, the contrasts between AI3-3720 versus deet were significant at 6 and 8 h. The 95% confidence interval on percent repellency at 6 h ranged from 90.1 to 98.9% for AI3-37220 versus 64.3 to 82.2% for deet, and at 8 h ranged 76.1 to 88.5% for AI3-37220 versus 47.8 to 64.0% for deet. Similarly, the confidence interval for protection against black flies at 6 h by (AI3-37220 ranged from 86.3 to 99.5% and did not overlap with the confidence interval provided by deet alone (51.2 to 78.8%). There was no evidence of synergistic repellency from a combination of the two compounds; i.e., protection from combined compounds was no better than either repellent used alone.
Debboun
M
M
Department of Entomology, Division of Communicable Diseases and Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.
Strickman
D
D
Solberg
V B
VB
Wilkerson
R C
RC
McPherson
K R
KR
Golenda
C
C
Keep
L
L
Wirtz
R A
RA
Burge
R
R
Klein
T A
TA
D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D003671:DEET; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007302:Insect Repellents; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods; D009518:New York; D010880:Piperidines; D012843:Simuliidae
D007302:Insect Repellents; D010880:Piperidines; D003671:DEET; C075892:1-(3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl)-2-methylpiperidine