Functional magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joint disorders.
Fifty-eight temporomandibular joints (TMJs) from 40 patients with TMJ-related symptoms were examined by means of magnetic resonance scans with modified gradient echo sequences and a special double coil. This technique yielded a good spatial resolution of the intra-articular soft tissues, especially the articular disc and the bone structure of the TMJ. In combination with an incremental jaw opener, the disc-condyle complex was analysed in various closed and open mouth positions, depending on the clinical examination. Open mouth movement with differentiation of disc-condyle rotational and translation movement was demonstrated. Disturbances of TMJ motion showed interrupted condylar translation combined with mandibular deviation during open mouth movement (n = 8/58). Early phases of internal derangement of the TMJ with partial anterior disc displacement with (n = 12/58) or without (n = 2/58) reduction, total anterior disc displacement without reduction (n = 10/58), disc deformation (n = 10/58), disc adhesion (n = 2/58), condylar hypermobility (n = 6/58), condylar displacement (n = 8/58), and late phases of internal derangement of the TMJ with osteoarthrosis (n = 14/58) were clearly identified. Bilateral TMJ disorder was found in 72.5 per cent of the patients. By using motion-adapted, semi-dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is possible to improve the understanding of the complexity of TMJ movements.
Eberhard
D
D
Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Vienna, Austria.
Bantleon
H P
HP
Steger
W
W
D000328:Adult; D001175:Arthrography / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000503:physiopathology; D009068:Movement; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*