title: Outgrowth of chondrocytes from human articular cartilage explants and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of various enzymatic treatments on the outgrowth of chondrocytes from explants of adult human articular cartilage and the expression of a specific contractile protein isoform, alpha-smooth muscle actin, known to facilitate wound closure in other connective tissues. Explants of articular cartilage were prepared from specimens obtained from patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. The time to cell outgrowth in vitro was determined and the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin shown by immunohistochemistry. Treatment of the explants with collagenase for 15 minutes reduced the time to outgrowth from more than 30 days to 3 days. Hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, and trypsin applied for the 15-minute period had no effect on the time to cell outgrowth when compared with untreated controls. Pretreatment with hyaluronidase prior to collagenase reduced the time to outgrowth. A notable finding of this study was that the majority of chondrocytes in the adult human articular cartilage specimens and virtually all of the outgrowing cells contained alpha-smooth muscle actin. We conclude that human articular chondrocytes have the capability to migrate through enzymatically degraded matrix and express a contractile actin isoform. Collagenase treatment reduces the time required for cell outgrowth.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Qiu
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Murray
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Shortkroff
authors: C R
authors: CR
authors: Lee
authors: S D
authors: SD
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Spector
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000601:surgery; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D019765:Chondroitin ABC Lyase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D014357:Trypsin; D017364:Collagenases; D019765:Chondroitin ABC Lyase