title: Fractionated irradiation combined with carbogen breathing and nicotinamide of two human glioblastomas grafted in nude mice.
abstract: This study addressed the potential radiosensitizing effect of nicotinamide and/or carbogen on human glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice. U-87MG and LN-Z308 tumors were irradiated with either 20 fractions over 12 days or 5 fractions over 5 days in air-breathing mice, mice injected with nicotinamide, mice breathing carbogen, or mice receiving nicotinamide plus carbogen. The responses to treatment were assessed using local control and moist desquamation. In U-87MG tumors, the enhancement ratios (ERs) at the radiation dose required to produce local tumor control in 50% of the treated mice (TCD(50)) with nicotinamide and/or carbogen ranged from 1.13 to 1.24 for irradiation in 20 fractions over 12 days. In LN-Z308 tumors, the ERs at the TCD(50) with nicotinamide and/or carbogen ranged from 1.22 to 1.40 for irradiation in 5 fractions over 5 days and from 1.11 to 1.30 in 20 fractions over 12 days, respectively. Skin injury was slightly enhanced, with ERs ranged from 1.06 to 1.15 when radiation was combined with carbogen and/or nicotinamide. Thus carbogen and nicotinamide can slightly improve the radiation response of human glioblastoma xenografts.
authors: Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: L Q
authors: LQ
authors: Sun
authors: P A
authors: PA
authors: Coucke
authors: R O
authors: RO
authors: Mirimanoff
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Buchegger
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000209:etiology; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009536:Niacinamide; C011700:carbogen; D010100:Oxygen