title: Presentation and management of epigastric hernias in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although epigastric hernias are common, there are no reports that describe the presentation and treatment of these defects in children. The authors reviewed their experience with these hernias to develop recommendations for their management in this age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed for all children younger than 18 years who presented for evaluation of an epigastric hernia at our institution over 14 years. Data on presentation, operative findings, and postoperative results were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty children were evaluated for an epigastric hernia, representing 4% of all pediatric patients seen for treatment of a hernia. An epigastric hernia was first observed at birth in 12 patients (30%). All children presented with a mass in the epigastrium. The hernia was observed to be either symptomatic (abdominal wall pain or tenderness) or enlarging in 22 patients (55%). Thirty-eight children underwent repair, and 2 were lost to follow-up. There was no recurrence or morbidity associated with surgical repair of these defects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epigastric hernias are common in children and frequently present in infancy. Because most are either symptomatic or enlarging, the authors recommend repair of these defects at the time of presentation.
authors: Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital at University of Missouri Hospitals and Clinics, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
authors: R D
authors: RD
authors: Coats
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Helikson
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Burd
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies