The space mission MIR'97: operational aspects.
BACKGROUND
A German astronaut visited the MIR space station between 10 February and 2 March 1997. Together with his Russian colleagues, he conducted a series of scientific investigations before, during and after his stay aboard the MIR station. Research performed during this flight was part of a global space life sciences programme and focused on metabolic homeostasis, fluid balance, calcium homeostasis and cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms. The main goal of the scientific experiments was to use this mission as a milestone to establish international networks of scientific collaboration using space research as a tool for focused research in respective fields. Thus, in most cases the results obtained from the astronaut complemented a series of results obtained on ground and from other flights. In other cases, they extended previous results and opened new fields for future research.


METHODS
Human space flight with astronauts serving as operators and at the same time as test subjects is very complex. Many people, including mission control, a science management team, medical operations, ethics committees and a medical board, participated to harmonize the different requirements, thus making a maximal scientific outcome possible.


CONCLUSIONS
In summary, this space mission may be seen as a model for focused long-term multidisciplinary international research, and demonstrates that space medicine is no longer adventure but science.
Ewald
R
R
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, Cologne, Germany.
Lohn
K
K
Gerzer
R
R
D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D018480:Astronauts; D004989:Ethics; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012426:Russia; D013026:Space Flight; D018489:Space Motion Sickness / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014893:Weightlessness / Q000009:adverse effects