title: Frequent activation of the beta-catenin-Tcf signaling pathway in nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability.
abstract: It has been reported that wild-type APC protein forms a complex with beta-Catenin and GSK3beta, inducing degradation of beta-Catenin in normal cells. Both beta-Catenin and APC gene mutations have recently been shown to activate the same signaling pathway. Frequent mutations of beta-Catenin in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinomas have also been reported. It was, however, controversial whether the mutation of the beta-Catenin gene was frequent in nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H). We analyzed the mutations of the APC and beta-Catenin genes in 56 nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas stratified according to the presence or absence of microsatellite instability (MSI). APC mutations were identified in 11 of 22 (50%) cases of MSI-H and 14 of 34 (41%) cases of microsatellite-stable (MSS)/low-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-L). In contrast, the frequency of beta-Catenin mutations was significantly higher in MSI-H (6/22; 27%) than in MSS/MSI-L (1/34; 3%) (P = 0.01). beta-Catenin mutations were not detected in carcinomas with APC mutation. APC mutation occurred irrespective of MSI status. beta-Catenin mutation, however, occurred frequently in MSI-H carcinomas. Our data suggest that activation of the beta-Catenin-Tcf signaling pathway, through either beta-Catenin or APC mutation, frequently contributes to MSI-H nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas (17/22; 77%).
authors: Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan. kshitoh@jichi.ac.jp
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Shitoh
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Furukawa
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kojima
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Konishi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Miyaki
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Tsukamoto
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Nagai
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D017491:Genes, APC / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin