Genetic factors in ovarian carcinoma.
Recent evidence indicates that inherited and acquired genetic mutations are the driving force behind carcinogenesis and cellular transformation. This review examines a number of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are associated with ovarian carcinomas, including p53, BRCA1, and BRCA2; mismatch repair genes such as hMSH2 and hMLH1; and PTEN, HER-2/neu, K-ras, fms, and AKT2. Novel genes recently implicated in ovarian tumorigenesis are discussed, including NOEY2, OVCA1, and PIK3CA. Although no singular gene alteration has been shown to initiate transformation in the ovarian epithelium, elucidation of the complex molecular and cellular mechanisms involving these known gene mutations may result in new clinical management strategies.
Li
A J
AJ
Obstetrics and Gynecology, UCLA/Cedars Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Karlan
B Y
BY
D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D019313:BRCA1 Protein; D024682:BRCA2 Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins