Stable in vivo expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and rescue of G6PD deficiency in stem cells by gene transfer.
Many mutations of the housekeeping gene encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) cause G6PD deficiency in humans. Some underlie severe forms of chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA) for which there is no definitive treatment. By using retroviral vectors pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein that harbor the human G6PD (hG6PD) complementary DNA, stable and lifelong expression of hG6PD was obtained in all the hematopoietic tissues of 16 primary bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipient mice and 14 secondary BMT recipients. These findings demonstrate the integration of a functional gene in totipotent stem cells. The average total G6PD in peripheral blood cells of these transplanted mice, measured as enzyme activity, was twice that of untransplanted control mice. This allowed the inference that the amount of G6PD produced by the transduced gene must be therapeutically effective. With the same vectors both the cloning efficiency and the ability to form embryoid bodies were restored in embryonic stem cells, in which the G6PD gene had been inactivated by targeted homologous recombination, thus effectively rescuing their defective phenotype. Finally, expression of normal human G6PD in hG6PD-deficient primary hematopoietic cells and in human hematopoietic cells engrafted in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice was obtained. This approach could cure severe CNSHA caused by G6PD deficiency.
Rovira
A
A
Department of Human Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
De Angioletti
M
M
Camacho-Vanegas
O
O
Liu
D
D
Rosti
V
V
Gallardo
H F
HF
Notaro
R
R
Sadelain
M
M
Luzzatto
L
L
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics*; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005955:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008979:Moloney murine leukemia virus / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011828:Radiation Chimera; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D019076:Transgenes; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000235:genetics*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D018076:DNA, Complementary; C028391:G protein, vesicular stomatitis virus; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase