title: Transvaginal ultrasound examination of women with and without pelvic venous congestion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if transvaginal ultrasound, including power Doppler examination, can distinguish between women with and without pelvic congestion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six women with pelvic congestion were prospectively examined using transvaginal ultrasonography and standard uterine and ovarian measurements made. Additionally, planimetric measurements of each ovary were taken using an image analysis program to determine the cross-sectional area of ovarian stroma and follicles, if any. Power Doppler images of adnexal vessels were obtained and planimetric estimates of surface area calculated. A congestion score was assigned to each patient, based on vein number, diameter and morphology on grey-scale scanning. Identical measurements were obtained from 19 asymptomatic women and results compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between women with pelvic congestion and controls with respect to power Doppler or grey-scale images of adnexal vessels, or congestion score. However, women with pelvic congestion had significantly larger and multicystic ovaries when compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginal ultrasound measurements of adnexal vasculature, including power Doppler measurements, cannot reliably distinguish women with pelvic congestion from controls. However, ultrasound may remain useful for diagnosis of pelvic congestion, predominantly because it is able to visualize multi-cystic ovaries in these patients.
authors: Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK. s.halligan@ic.ac.uk
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Halligan
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Campbell
authors: C I
authors: CI
authors: Bartram
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Rogers
authors: C
authors: C
authors: El-Haddad
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Patel
authors: R W
authors: RW
authors: Beard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000098:blood supply*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*