title: The action of Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Pb on fluid composition of Anodonta cygnea (L.): organic components.
abstract: The heavy metals, Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Pb, were used to incubate healthy specimens of the freshwater mussel species, Anodonta cygnea. Afterwards, their biological fluids, either haemolymph or extrapallial fluid were analyzed for the presence of several organic constituents, known to be important for biomineralization, such as proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and glucosamine. Proteins were subjected to further study, namely through the total amino acid determination after acid hydrolysis. The most disturbing pollutants tested seem to be Pb, Zn, and Cr, which caused highly decreased overall compositions, namely with respect to protein, and glucosamine, in comparison to the control group. This suggests that this group contributes to a decrease of the metabolic activity, and thus mineralization, in the exposed animals.
authors: Laboratório de Fisiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Moura
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Vilarinho
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Machado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002857:Chromium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000187:drug effects; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007854:Lead / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D011506:Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc; D005944:Glucosamine