title: Different pathological findings in each of four parathyroid glands in a long-standing hemodialysis patient.
abstract: A 51-year-old male patient with chronic renal failure, who had required dialysis for 22 years, presented with a cervical mass. Laboratory data were consistent with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure. Cervical exploration was performed with excision of four parathyroid glands and autotransplantation of the normal gland into the forearm. The cervical tumor of the right inferior gland demonstrated parathyroid carcinoma histologically. Adenoma of the right superior gland and hyperplasia of the left superior gland were also recognized. The left inferior gland was normal. A few cases of parathyroid carcinoma in patients on maintenance hemodialysis have been previously reported. However, this is the first report in which all four parathyroid glands revealed different pathological findings: carcinoma, adenoma, hyperplasia and normal gland. Chronic stimulation of the parathyroid glands to release parathyroid hormone might have caused the variety of findings in the four parathyroid glands.
authors: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kuji
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kitamura
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Yasuda
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Umemura
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kimura
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Shimizu
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000473:pathology* / Q000637:transplantation; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous