title: Arteriovenous bubbles following cold water sport dives: relation to right-to-left shunting.
abstract: Neurologic injury subsequent to decompression from diving may be due to paradoxical arterialization of venous gas emboli. Of 40 divers who performed 53 open water dives after being tested for a patent foramen ovale (PFO), arterial gas emboli were detected in 7 of 13 dives, which resulted in venous bubbles. In five of these seven dives, there was evidence of a PFO by contrast transcranial Doppler sonography, indicating an increased risk of arterializing venous bubbles in divers with a PFO.
authors: Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Gerriets
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Tetzlaff
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Liceni
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Schäfer
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Rosengarten
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Kopiske
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Algermissen
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Struck
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kaps
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D003665:Decompression Sickness; D004242:Diving; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler