title: Role of Ca2+ stores in metabotropic L-glutamate receptor-mediated supralinear Ca2+ signaling in rat hippocampal neurons.
abstract: The role of metabotropic l-glutamate (mGlu) receptors in supralinear Ca(2+) signaling was investigated in cultured hippocampal cells using Ca(2+) imaging techniques and whole-cell voltage-clamp recording. In neurons, but not glia, global supralinear Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores was observed when the mGlu receptor agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) was combined with elevated extracellular K(+) levels (10.8 mm), moderate depolarization (15-30 mV), or NMDA (3 micrometer). There was a delay (2-8 min) before the stores were fully charged, and the enhancement persisted for a short period (up to 10 min) after removal of the store-loading stimulus. Studies with the mGlu receptor antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine demonstrated that these effects were mediated by activation of the mGlu(5) receptor subtype. The L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel antagonist nifedipine (10 micrometer) substantially reduced responses to DHPG obtained in the presence of elevated extracellular K(+) but not NMDA. This suggests that the Ca(2+) that is required to load the stores can enter either through L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels or directly through NMDA receptors. The findings that both depolarization and NMDA receptor activation can facilitate mGlu receptor Ca(2+) signaling adds considerable flexibility to the processes that underlie activity-dependent changes in synaptic strength. In particular, a temporal separation between the store-loading stimulus and the activation of mGlu receptors could be used as a recency detector in neurons.
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Rae
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Martin
authors: G L
authors: GL
authors: Collingridge
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Irving
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000075202:Contraindications; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005110:Extracellular Space; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D012118:Resorcinols; D002110:Caffeine; C079215:3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; D005998:Glycine