title: Hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, and hyperosmolarity in 6 neonatal llamas and alpacas.
abstract: Neonatal camelids can develop hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, and hyperosmolarity in response to a combination of stress and inadequate water intake. Clinical signs of this syndrome include a fine head tremor, ataxia, and a base-wide stance of the hind limbs, but biochemical analyses are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Camelids appear to be susceptible to this syndrome because of a poor insulin response to hyperglycemia; hypernatremia results from free water loss associated with glucose diuresis. Water loss associated with glucose diuresis may necessitate a higher rate of fluid administration in camelids with this syndrome than is typically used for treatment of hypernatremia in calves.
authors: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-4802, USA.
authors: C K
authors: CK
authors: Cebra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000855:Anorexia / Q000662:veterinary; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001831:Body Temperature; D002161:Camelids, New World; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003002:Clonixin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004231:Diuresis; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D006955:Hypernatremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013577:Syndrome; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002511:Cephalosporins; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; C014557:flunixin; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; C053503:ceftiofur; D012964:Sodium; D010400:Penicillin G; D003002:Clonixin