title: [The assessment of the impact of a double reading by expert readers in a mass mammographic study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of double reading of screening mammograms by expert radiologists.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the results of independent readings of a proficiency test of screening mammography (140 cases, 32 cancers) performed by four expert radiologists. Double reading was simulated by matching the four original readings in 6 possible combinations. The impact of double reading over single reading was evaluated in terms of increased sensitivity and increased recall rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 32 carcinomas 22, 6, or 4 were identified by 4, 3, or 2 readers, respectively. Of 108 cases negative for cancer a recall for further investigations was suggested by 4, 3, 2, 1 or no reader(s) in 3, 3, 9, 14, or 79 cases, respectively. Inter-reader diagnostic repeatability was good (k = 0.65). Single readers achieved an average sensitivity of 89% (range 87.5-90.6%) and an average recall rate of 12.2% (range 7.4-16.6%). Simulated double reading achieved an average increase in sensitivity of 8.8% (range 6.2-10.95%) and an average increase of recall rate of 6.2% (range 3.8-8.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even though the relative increase of recall rate is relevant (+53.2%), the corresponding gain in sensitivity justifies the use of double reading, which was confirmed to be worthwhile also when expert radiologists are involved. This study confirms the opportunity of adopting double reading as a routine procedure in mammographic screening.
authors: Centro di Prevenzione Senologica, Verona. cps.ulss20@easynet.it
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Brancato
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ciatto
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Bricolo
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Bonardi
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Ambrogetti
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Zappa
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Miccinesi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tonegutti
authors: G F
authors: GF
authors: Pistolesi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity