title: Perforation of rotator cuff increases interleukin 1beta production in the synovium of glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the hypothesis that perforation of the rotator cuff increases the degree of inflammation in the synovium of the glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five synovial specimens in the glenohumeral joint of patients with rotator cuff diseases were examined. They were obtained during surgery and divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence or absence of rotator cuff perforation, i.e., perforating and nonperforating tears. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokine mRNA of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and 2 forms (secreted type and intracellular type) of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein level of IL-1beta was determined by Western blot analysis. IL-1beta producing cells were also identified by in situ RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In perforating tears cytokine mRNA in the glenohumeral synovium was more significantly expressed than in nonperforating tears. Also, higher levels of IL-1beta protein were detected in perforating tears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perforation of the rotator cuff increases IL-1beta production in the glenohumeral joint, enhancing inflammatory intensity at the site. These findings suggest the possibility that glenohumeral synovitis in rotator cuff diseases may be a factor for the development of glenohumeral arthropathy.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan. gotomasa@kurume.ic.ktarn.jp
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gotoh
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Hamada
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Yamakawa
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Nakamura
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ueyama
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tamaoki
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Inoue
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1