title: Lack of efficacy of quinine and artemether against advanced third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum in vitro.
abstract: The efficacy of quinine and artemether--the effective blood schizontocide in malarial treatment--has been in vitro tested with the advanced third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum. All larvae were collected from freshwater eel (Fluta alba) and exposed to the culture medium, each containing either quinine dihydrochloride or artemether at a final concentration of 20 microg/ml and 0.5 microg/ml, respectively for 21 consecutive days. Larval motility was assessed daily and the topographical changes were assessed using scanning electron microscope after 21-days of drug exposure. All worms moved actively for 21 days of study period and no change in surface ultrastructure was observed. Quinine and artemether at these concentrations have no effect on movement and topographical changes on the advanced third-stage larvae of this parasite.
authors: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. ksukonta@suandok01.medicine.cmu.ac.th
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sukontason
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Klaolaor
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sukontason
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Piangjai
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Methanitikorn
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Morakote
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077549:Artemether; D037621:Artemisinins; D004524:Eels / Q000469:parasitology; D006039:Gnathostoma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D037621:Artemisinins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D011803:Quinine; D000077549:Artemether