title: Large Bielschowsky head-tilt phenomenon and inconspicuous vertical deviation in the diagnostic positions in congenital superior oblique palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of congenital superior oblique palsy with an unusually large Bielschowsky head-tilt phenomenon (BHP) and disproportional inconspicuous vertical deviation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An 18-year-old woman presented with slight compensatory head tilting and a Bielschowsky head-tilt phenomenon of 50 Delta on left tilting. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed atrophy of the left superior oblique muscle. A Hess screen test showed a slight underaction of the left superior oblique muscle, but neither an obvious overaction of the ipsilateral inferior oblique muscle nor inhibitory palsy of the contralateral superior rectus muscle was found. With a 3-mm recession of the ipsilateral superior rectus muscle, Bielschowsky head-tilt phenomenon decreased to 25 Delta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large Bielschowsky head-tilt phenomenon was possibly caused by an increased gain of the otolith-ocular reflex affecting the vertical rectus muscle.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Ohtsuki
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Hasebe
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kono
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yamane
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Fujiwara
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Shiraga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D020432:Trochlear Nerve Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery