title: Treatment of elderly women with urge incontinence in middle tennessee: a single institution practice-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Urinary urge incontinence (UUI) is a major factor in reducing quality of life in elderly women. The treatment of UUI in the elderly population is complicated by comorbidities, polypharmacy, cost, and side effects. The purpose of this study was to examine our practice pattern in Middle Tennessee for the treatment of elderly women with UUI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all women over age 65 seen at our institution between January 1, 1998 and September 1, 1999 with an initial complaint of pure UUI. Diagnosis was based on history and physical examination by a single urologist (JJF). Initial treatment in all patients was medication as well as timed and double voids. Medication chosen was based on cost factors, co-morbidities, current medications, and outcome from previous treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 53 women ranging in age from 65-87 years of age (avg. 74.7) included in this study, 6/53 (11.3%) had a previous CVA, and 2/53 (3.7%) had grade I-II cystoceles. Initial pharmacologic treatment included anticholinergic medication in 47 patients (88.6%), and either imipramine or topical estrogen alone in the remaining 11.4%. Of the anticholinergics, hyoscyamine time capsules were used in 29, tolterodine in 7, standard oxybutynin in 5, oxybutynin XL in 1, and a combination with imipramine in 5. Thirty-four of the 53 total patients (64.1%) discontinued their medications because of no improvement 14 (41.1%), dry mouth 9 (26.4%), other side effects 9 (26.4%), cost 1, and other reasons in the remaining 2 patients. Only 17 patients (32%) stated they were doing well on their initial medications; 11 of those (64.7%) were taking hyoscyamine time capsules. Upon subjective failure, 22/36 patients (61.1%) had their medications changed, while 14/36 (38.8%) pursued behavioral therapy without additional medications. Urodynamic studies were done in 12 patients who failed empiric medical treatment (22.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only 32% of elderly women treated medically for UUI were satisfied and continued therapy in this patient population. One-fourth of elderly women failed empiric medical management of UUI due to lack of efficacy, and one-third due to intolerable side effects. In this practice, hyoscyamine was continued more often than any other anticholinergic because of reasonable cost, efficacy, and side effect profile.
authors: Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA.
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Grossklaus
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Franke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013714:Tennessee; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists