title: Non-dietary risk factors for gastric dilatation-volvulus in large and giant breed dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify non-dietary risk factors for gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in large breed and giant breed dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  1,637 dogs > or = 6 months old of the following breeds: Akita, Bloodhound, Collie, Great Dane, Irish Setter, Irish Wolfhound, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Saint Bernard, Standard Poodle, and Weimaraner.
  
  
  METHODS
  Owners of dogs that did not have a history of GDV were recruited at dog shows, and the dog's length and height and the depth and width of its thorax and abdomen were measured. Information concerning the dog's medical history, genetic background, personality, and diet was obtained from the owners, and owners were contacted by mail and telephone at approximately 1-year intervals to determine whether dogs had developed GDV or died. Incidence of GDV, calculated on the basis of dog-years at risk for dogs that were or were not exposed to potential risk factors, was used to calculate the relative risk of GDV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cumulative incidence of GDV during the study was 6% for large breed and giant breed dogs. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of GDV were increasing age, having a first-degree relative with a history of GDV, having a faster speed of eating, and having a raised feeding bowl. Approximately 20 and 52% of cases of GDV among the large breed and giant breed dogs, respectively, were attributed to having a raised feed bowl.
authors: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1243, USA.
authors: L T
authors: LT
authors: Glickman
authors: N W
authors: NW
authors: Glickman
authors: D B
authors: DB
authors: Schellenberg
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Raghavan
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000367:Age Factors; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013277:Stomach Volvulus / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013909:Thorax / Q000033:anatomy & histology