title: Gene expression of brain natriuretic peptide in isolated atrial and ventricular human myocardium: influence of angiotensin II and diastolic fiber length.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) and diastolic overstretch on the induction of cardiac growth in isometrically contracting muscle preparations from human right atria and left ventricles. We used the gene expression of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a molecular marker of cardiac hypertrophy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Northern blot analysis was performed in human atrial muscle preparations, which were either incubated in 10(-6) mol/L Ang II for 45 minutes or diastolically stretched to 120% of optimum muscle length. Similar experiments were performed with human left ventricular muscle preparations. Results were as follows: (1) BNP gene expression increased in human atrial myocardium 4-fold when stimulated by Ang II (n=7, P<0.001). (2) Diastolic overstretch increased BNP expression in a time-dependent manner. The linear regression equations for the BNP/GAPDH ratio as a function of time (hours) were y=1.21+0.62x (P:<0.001) for overstretched preparations and y=1.07-0.01x (P:=NS) for atrial preparations kept at physiological muscle length. (3) In left ventricular human muscle preparations, diastolic overstretch and Ang II increased BNP gene expression as well. (4) In addition, the Ang II subtype 1 receptor blocker losartan was able to block the effects of Ang II and diastolic overstretch.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac hypertrophy can be induced in isolated human atrial and left ventricular intact myocardium by Ang II and diastolic overstretch but not by isometric afterload. The fact that the induction of cardiac growth is inhibited by the blockade of Ang II subtype 1 receptors is of scientific and clinical importance.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, and the Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Freiburg, Germany.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Wiese
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Breyer
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dragu
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Wakili
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Burkard
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Schmidt-Schweda
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Füchtbauer
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Dohrmann
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Beyersdorf
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Radicke
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Holubarsch
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003971:Diastole; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000804:Angiotensin II; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain