Novel oral chemotherapy agents.
The development of anticancer drugs has conventionally focused on intravenous rather than oral regimens. Recently, interest in oral administration of chemotherapy has been stimulated by the discovery of oral fluoropyrimidines, which appear to possess at least an equivalent efficacy and the potential to reduce toxicity compared with intravenous therapies. Using rational drug design, several oral fluoropyrimidines have been developed, including capecitabine, UFT (tegafur and uracil), eniluracil plus oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and S-1. In addition to the oral fluoropyrimidines, other novel agents available for potential oral administration include irinotecan and temozolomide.
Royce
M E
ME
Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Box 78, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hoff
P M
PM
Pazdur
R
R
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069287:Capecitabine; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077204:Temozolomide; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D005641:Tegafur; C073482:eniluracil; D014498:Uracil; D000069287:Capecitabine; D000077146:Irinotecan; D003606:Dacarbazine; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin; D000077204:Temozolomide