title: Extraction of cloransulam-methyl from soil with subcritical water and supercritical CO2.
abstract: Cloransulam-methyl was extracted from soil samples with supercritical CO2, subcritical water and conventional organic solvents. Supercritical CO2 was less efficient than conventional organic solvents; polarity modifiers had no impact on extraction efficiency. Extraction with supercritical CO2 exhibited a strong temperature dependence. Water was as effective as strong organic solvents for the extraction of cloransulam-methyl; however cloransulam-methyl hydrolyzed when extracted at 150 degrees C. Extraction temperature was the most important variable in increasing the efficiency and rate of extraction, while extraction pressure was not a significant variable.
authors: Dow AgroSciences, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA. mkrieger@dowagro.com
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Krieger
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Wynn
authors: R N
authors: RN
authors: Yoder
mesh_terms: D001565:Benzoates / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006540:Herbicides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D006540:Herbicides; D012987:Soil; D012997:Solvents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C412472:cloransulam-methyl