title: [Metotopic craniosynostoses].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Premature closure of the metopic suture leads to inhibited growth of the frontal bones, producing a keel-shaped forehead (trigonocephaly). Simple metopic synostosis is usually sporadic. Trigonocephalic patients account for 8-16% of the referrals to craniofacial centers, with a marked male predominance. Intracranial pressure (ICP) may be increased, whereas shunt-dependent hydrocephalus is infrequent. Infrequently, patients have intra- or extracerebral anomalies; one third have varying degrees of neuropsychological problems. The treatment is primarily surgical.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present two patients who during infancy developed increasingly keel-shaped foreheads, retruded orbital rims, increased biparietal diameter and close-set eyes (hypothelorism). Both had raised ICP, but normal psychomotoric development. They were operated using radical fronto-orbital surgical remodelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recovery was uneventful. Three months post-operatively, they had pleasing cosmetic results with no symptoms of increased ICP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Where metopic craniosynostosis is suspected, the infant should be examined clinically with palpation of fontanelles and sutures, evaluated with respect to the shape and development of the facial skeleton, as well as by X-ray of the skull sutures. Radical fronto-orbital surgical remodelling gives a stable correction of the craniofacial deformity and generally a satisfactory cosmetic result.
authors: Nevrokirurgisk avdeling, Rikshospitalet, Oslo. torsteinrmeling@mailcity.com
authors: T R
authors: TR
authors: Meling
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Due-Tønnessen
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Helseth
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002657:Child Development; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008297:Male; D008488:Medical Illustration; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome