title: The correction of penile curvature with the Essed-Schröder technique: a long-term follow-up assessing functional aspects and quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, in a retrospective analysis using a detailed questionnaire, the long-term functional results in and quality of life (QoL) of patients after undergoing the Essed-Schröder procedure, a standard technique for correcting penile curvature.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1994 to 1999, 40 patients (median age 24 years) had their penile curvature corrected using a modified Essed-Schröder technique. Assessments by the investigators and a self-completed questionnaire were used to evaluate the functional and cosmetic aspects of the procedure, and QoL issues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete follow-up data were available in 31 of the 40 (78%) patients (19 with congenital curvature and 12 with Peyronie's disease). The median follow-up was 22 months. The degree of penile angulation before surgery was estimated as < 45 degrees in five patients, 45-90 degrees in 22 and > 90 degrees in four. In 21 patients (68%) sexual intercourse was uncomfortable or impossible; 26 (84%) reported an impaired QoL because of the penile curvature. After surgery the cosmetic and functional result was good or sufficient in 25 patients (81%); all 25 were able to have sexual intercourse with no problems. Penile shortening (> 2 cm) was reported by six patients. A significant improvement in QoL was reported by 15 patients (48%), but of the 12 patients with Peyronie's disease before surgery, six reported impaired rigidity and two recurrence of their penile curvature afterward. Whereas only seven of 12 patients with Peyronie's disease reported good functional results, 18 of the 19 with congenital curvature reported good or excellent results after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Essed-Schröder method is a simple operation which provides good functional and cosmetic results. Patients with congenital curvature of the penis have better results than those with Peyronie's disease.
authors: Department of Urology, University Hospital Eppendorf, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. friedrich@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Friedrich
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Evans
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Noldus
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Huland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003075:Coitus; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010411:Penile Induration / Q000151:congenital / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome