Reciprocal interactions between human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 and prostaglandins: implications for viral transmission.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, is transmitted through breast milk and seminal fluid, which are rich in prostaglandins (PGs). We demonstrate that PGE(2) upregulates the HTLV-1 long terminal repeat promoter through the protein kinase A pathway, induces replication of HTLV-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from asymptomatic carriers, and enhances transmission of HTLV-1 to cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC). Furthermore, HTLV-1 Tax transactivates a promoter for cyclooxygenase 2, a PG synthetase, and induces PGE(2) expression in PBMC or CBMC. Thus, HTLV-1 interacts with and benefits from PGs, constituents of its own vehicle for transmission.
Moriuchi
M
M
Division of Medical Virology, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.
Inoue
H
H
Moriuchi
H
H
D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000502:physiology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000821:virology; D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000502:physiology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D016356:Gene Products, tax; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D015232:Dinoprostone