title: C-reactive protein, cardiovascular risk factors and the association with myocardial infarction in men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study had three objectives: first, to investigate the association of C-reactive protein levels and myocardial infarction amongst men; secondly, to study the associations of C-reactive protein levels with cardiovascular risk factors; and thirdly, to adjust the risk of myocardial infarction for such factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study including 560 patients with a first myocardial infarction who had survived at least 6 months, plus 646 control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein (mean 2.2 mg L-1) than control subjects (mean 1.7 mg L-1; P < 0.001). Persons in the highest quintile of C-reactive protein had an unadjusted 1.9-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction compared with persons in the lowest quintile (odds ratio 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.7). C-reactive protein was, in addition to smoking, associated with several cardiovascular risk factors: age, obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, triglycerides and inversely associated to HDL cholesterol. Adjustment for these variables, especially for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, substantially decreased the risk of myocardial infarction for persons in the highest quintile of C-reactive protein, compared to those in the lowest quintile, to 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9-1.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings confirm previous reports that C-reactive protein predicts the risk of myocardial infarction. However, this association does not appear to be causal, since the increase in risk can to a large extent be explained by the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors.
authors: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Doggen
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Berckmans
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Sturk
authors: Manger Cats V
authors: F R
authors: FR
authors: Rosendaal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein