title: Regional brain monoamine concentrations and their alterations in bovine hypomagnesaemic tetany experimentally induced by a magnesium-deficient diet.
abstract: Monoamines are important brain neurotransmitters. An investigation was carried out to determine if hypomagnesaemic tetany was associated with alterations in regional brain monoamine concentrations in bovines. The results, established in cows with normal magnesium status, demonstrated that regional differences existed in the distribution and concentration of brain monoamines in the adult bovine, which were similar to those in other species. In magnesium-deficient cows, severe hypomagnesaemia and lowered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) magnesium concentrations were associated with significant alterations in monoamine concentrations in some brain regions. Alterations in 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentrations in the corpus striatum, and dopamine (DA) in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum were recorded. These regions play an important role in both voluntary and involuntary motor function, and therefore these alterations may play a role in the aetiology of hypomagnesaemic tetany. However, there was no significant change in DA concentrations in the corpus striatum (the main dopaminergic region in the brain) associated with hypomagnesaemia. In addition, a significantly lower norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the corpus striatum of hypomagnesaemic animals was also recorded. Norephinephrine is generally excitatory and therefore lowered NE concentrations would be expected to result in depression rather than stimulation of motor function.
authors: Veterinary Sciences Division, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland. Maurice.mccoy@dardni.gov.uk
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: McCoy
authors: P B
authors: PB
authors: Young
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Hudson
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Davison
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000032:analysis*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000032:analysis; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009043:Motor Activity; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000032:analysis; D013746:Tetany / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D008274:Magnesium; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine