Side effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
The side effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are largely unexplored and the limits of safe exposure have not been determined except as regards the acute production of seizures. Although tissue damage is unlikely, however, cognitive and other adverse effects have been observed and the possibility of unintended long-term changes in brain function are theoretically possible.
Wassermann
E M
EM
Brain Stimulation Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. wassermann@nih.gov
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors