Cysticidal therapy: impact on seizure control in epilepsy associated with neurocysticercosis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the clinical features and seizure control of epilepsy related to neurocysticercosis.


METHODS
18 patients with partial epilepsy and neurocysticercosis were treated with albendazol or praziquantel and followed from 3 months to 12 years. We analyzed results from the CSF exam, interictal electroencephalogram (EEG), head computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging.


RESULTS
The patients' mean age was 36.4 years. The mean duration of epilepsy was 16 years. 83% patients had simple partial seizures; 17% had complex partial seizures. All patients underwent routine EEGs: 62% had abnormalities and 38% were normal. A relationship was observed between focal EEG abnormality and the location of cyst in 28% of the patients. The CSF exams showed pleocytosis in 33% of the patients, and 28% had elevated protein levels. Only 22% of patients had positive titer for cysticercosis in the CSF. In all patients who had somatosensory and special sensory seizures there was a relationship between location of the cysts and seizure semiology (n=11). After cysticidal therapy, 83% patients had a significant improvement in controlling seizures.


CONCLUSIONS
In this group, we found a predominance of simple partial seizures and a relationship between somatosensory and special sensory seizures and the location of the cysts. Cysticidal therapy was effective in controlling seizures in these patients and should be considered for patients with partial seizures and semiology related to cyst location.
Santos
I C
IC
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Kobayashi
E
E
Cardoso
T M
TM
Guerreiro
C A
CA
Cendes
F
F
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015766:Albendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000923:Anticestodal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D000923:Anticestodal Agents; D011223:Praziquantel; D015766:Albendazole