title: Abdominal fat deposition and fatty acid synthesis are lower and beta-oxidation is higher in broiler chickens fed diets containing unsaturated rather than saturated fat.
abstract: We evaluated the effects of dietary fat type on fat metabolism and deposition in broiler chickens. Birds were fed diets containing either 8 g dietary saturated (beef tallow) or polyunsaturated fat (sunflower oil)/100 g for 32 d. The abdominal fat deposition of chickens fed the sunflower oil-enriched diet was significantly lower than that of chickens fed the tallow-enriched diet (2.63 +/- 0.47 versus 3.03 +/- 0.44 g/100 g live wt.; P = 0.033). The specific activities of heart carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase were higher (P < or = 0.03) in chickens fed the sunflower oil-enriched diets, indicating a greater rate of beta-oxidation. Liver fatty acid synthetase activity was lower (P = 0.01) in chickens fed the sunflower oil-enriched diet, suggesting reduced hepatic lipogenesis in this group. Postprandial plasma triglyceride levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in birds fed the sunflower oil-enriched diet, indicating a higher rate of dietary lipid clearance from the bloodstream to tissues. In conclusion, the lower fat deposition observed in broilers fed sunflower oil-enriched diets appears to be the net result of an increased rate of lipid catabolism and lower rate of fatty acid synthesis despite higher dietary fat absorption.
authors: Departamento de Producción Animal and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sanz
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Lopez-Bote
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Menoyo
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Bautista
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; D002645:Chickens / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase