title: Eversion endarterectomy of the carotid artery: technical considerations and recurrent stenoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of residual and recurrent lesions after eversion endarterectomy of the carotid artery (E-CE) and compare these results with those following endarterectomy and patch closure (CE-P).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 274 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy in 1998 with electroencephalographic monitoring, general anesthesia, completion duplex scan, and 1-year follow-up. CE-P was preferred for patients who required temporary shunting. In the E-CE group an additional proximal 2-cm arteriotomy was made in the common carotid artery (CCA) in 79 patients, a longer arteriotomy was made for extensive involvement of the CCA in 14 patients, and the internal carotid artery was advanced proximally as a patch for the CCA arteriotomy closure in 14 patients. Stenoses of > 50% that were present at 1 month were considered residual, and those of > 50% that were present at 1 year but not at 1 month were considered recurrent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were five (1.8%) postoperative strokes (four after CE-P and one after E-CE, P = not significant). At 30 days there were 28 patients (10.2%) with residual stenoses > 50% (11 patients [10.2%] in the E-CE group and 17 patients [10.1%] in the CE-P group; P = not significant). The incidence of recurrent lesions of more than 50% was similar (4.6% for E-CE vs 4.7% for CE-P).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of residual lesions and recurrent stenoses differs with each technique of endarterectomy. Proximal stenoses are more common after E-CE, and distal stenoses are more common after CE-P at both 1 month and 1 year. The frequency of proximal lesions is reduced in E-CE when either the internal carotid artery is advanced proximally onto the CCA or a long CCA arteriotomy is made. Distal recurrences do not seem to be a problem after eversion endarterectomy.
authors: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Richard_Green@urmc.rochester.edu
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Green
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Greenberg
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Illig
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Shortell
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ouriel
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D005062:European Union; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex