title: Retroauricular flap: its clinical application and safety.
abstract: We report the application and safety of the retroauricular flap in 38 cases. The flap was used on the anterior auricular surface in 21 cases, in the peri-auricular region in five cases, in the region of the preauricular sideburn area in two cases, in the malar region in six cases, in the eyelid in three cases and in the intraorbital region in one case. When this flap was used in the auricular or periauricular region, the blood circulation was safe and the appearance was aesthetically good in flaps pedicled by the postauricular vessels or by the superficial temporal vessels. However, when the defect was more remote from the auricle, the blood circulation of the flaps pedicled by superficial temporal vessels, whether subcutaneous pedicle flaps or free flaps, was unstable. In some cases there was extensive or partial necrosis of the distal area of the flap. On the other hand, the free flaps pedicled by the postauricular vessels had satisfactory blood circulation, but the vessels were sometimes short, narrow and difficult to find, especially the veins. In these cases, we were obliged to use the superficial temporal vessels. A further problem is that some of the patients, especially younger women, were dissatisfied when the retroauricular flap was used in the malar region because of the reddish colour of the flap.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yotsuyanagi
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Watanabe
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Yamashita
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Urushidate
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Yokoi
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004431:Ear, External / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply; D016896:Treatment Outcome