Prediction of smallness for gestational age by maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels and by uterine artery Doppler study.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the utility of maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (MShCG) levels with that of uterine artery Doppler study in predicting small for gestational age (SGA) birth and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).


METHODS
MShCG assay and uterine artery Doppler study were performed in 359 consecutive pregnant women with singleton pregnancies. MShCG levels > or =2.0 multiples of the median at 15-18 weeks' gestation were considered to be elevated. An abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry at 21-24 weeks' gestation was defined as a mean pulsatility index above the 95th percentile or the presence of an early diastolic notch in either uterine artery. The predictive values of MShCG levels and uterine artery Doppler velocimetry were evaluated for the risk of SGA birth and PIH.


RESULTS
Forty-one subjects gave birth to SGA infants, and 20 developed PIH. Patients with MShCG elevation or abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry showed a significantly higher incidence of SGA infants than the controls. The sensitivity and specificity of MShCG elevation for SGA birth were 17.1 and 93.4%, respectively, compared with abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry, which had 24.4 and 94.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference between these methods. Elevated levels of MShCG and abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry were not associated with PIH.


CONCLUSIONS
Elevated levels of second-trimester MShCG were as sensitive and specific in predicting SGA births as abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry.
Miyakoshi
K
K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tanaka
M
M
Gabionza
D
D
Ishimoto
H
H
Miyazaki
T
T
Yoshimura
Y
Y
D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000097:blood*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000097:blood*; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply*
D015415:Biomarkers; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin