title: Two critical hits for promyelocytic leukemia.
abstract: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with chromosomal translocations that always involve the RARalpha gene, which variably fuses to one of several distinct loci, including PML or PLZF (X genes). Due to the reciprocity of the translocation, X-RARalpha and RARalpha-X fusion proteins coexist in APL blasts. PLZF-RARalpha transgenic mice (TM) develop leukemia that lacks the differentiation block at the promyelocytic stage that characterizes APL. We generated TM expressing RARalpha-PLZF and PLZF-RARalpha in their promyelocytes. RARalpha-PLZF TM do not develop leukemia. However, PLZF-RARalpha/RARalpha-PLZF double TM develop leukemia with classic APL features. We demonstrate that RARalpha-PLZF can interfere with PLZF transcriptional repression and that this is critical for APL pathogenesis, since leukemias in PLZF(-/-)/PLZF-RARalpha mutants and in PLZF-RARalpha/RARalpha-PLZF TM are indistinguishable. Thus, both products of a cancer-associated translocation are crucial in determining the distinctive features of the disease.
authors: Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors: L Z
authors: LZ
authors: He
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bhaumik
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Tribioli
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Rego
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ivins
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Zelent
authors: P P
authors: PP
authors: Pandolfi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000075722:Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; C118318:PLZF-RARalpha fusion protein, human; C492209:PLZF-RARalpha fusion protein, mouse; D000075722:Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C513267:Zbtb16 protein, mouse; C092037:ZBTB16 protein, human; D014212:Tretinoin