title: Down-regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 expression in advanced human breast cancer.
abstract: The ligands, receptors and related signaling proteins of the insulin-like growth factor family are involved in the regulation of breast-cancer cell growth. We investigated the expression pattern of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), a core downstream signaling protein, in 69 primary breast-cancer specimens of different grades and in 21 control tissues by immunohistochemistry. In addition, cell proliferation (percentage of Ki67(+) nuclei) and estrogen receptor (ER) expression were determined. IGF-IR, IRS-1 and IR were expressed mainly in epithelial cells. IRS-1 and IGF-IR were expressed at high levels in control tissues and in well and moderately differentiated carcinomas but at low levels in poorly differentiated breast cancers. IR expression did not show a significant correlation with the differentiation grade of the tissues investigated. Statistical analysis (ROC analysis for tumor grade) demonstrated that down-regulation of IGF-IR and IRS-1 correlated better with tumor progression than reduction of ER expression or increase in cell proliferation, IGF-IR showing the best correlation, followed by IRS-1 and, less significant, ER and Ki67. Our findings clearly show that progression of breast cancer is accompanied by a reduction of IGF-IR/IRS-1 expression and that IGF-IR/IRS-1 expression inversely correlates with high proliferation rate in dedifferentiated breast cancers. The strong correlation of IGF-IR and IRS-1 down-regulation with tumor progression suggests the use of IGF-IR and IRS-1 as a novel set of marker proteins for tumor grading.
authors: Hormones and Signal Transduction Research Group, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Schnarr
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Strunz
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ohsam
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Benner
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Wacker
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D011972:Receptor, Insulin