Significance of lipoxygenase-derived monohydroxy fatty acids in cutaneous biology.
The skin displays a highly active metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Dietary deficiency of linoleic acid (LA), an 18-carbon (n-6) PUFA, results in characteristic scaly skin disorder and excessive epidermal water loss. Although arachidonic acid (AA), a 20-carbon (n-6) PUFA, is metabolized via cyclooxygenase pathway into predominantly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2alpha. The 15-lipoygenase is very active in this tissue and catalyzes the transformation of 20-carbon AA into predominantly 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE). Similarly, the epidermal 15-lipoxygenase also catalyzes the transformation of 18-carbon LA and 20-carbon dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (15-HETrE), respectively. The monohydroxy fatty acids are incorporated in phospholipids which undergo catalysis to yield substituted-diacylglycerols (13-HODE-DAG) and 15-HETrE-DAG) which exert anti-inflammatory/antiproliferative effects on the skin.
Ziboh
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VA
Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, 95616, USA. vaziboh@ucdavis.edu
Miller
C C
CC
Cho
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000502:physiology*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena
D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D008041:Linoleic Acids; C024348:13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid; C025984:15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid; D008084:Lipoxygenase