title: Neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor activity inhibits thyroid cancer growth in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Without angiogenesis, tumor growth is limited to a few millimeters, the limit of diffusion. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial-specific mitogen and a major regulator of angiogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the relationship between VEGF and thyroid tumor angiogenesis, we xenografted human dermal matrix inoculated with FTC-133 cells into nude mice or directly injected FTC-133 cells subcutaneously. To block the function of VEGF, the neutralizing anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody A.4.6.1 (mAb A.4.6.1) was injected intraperitoneally twice weekly. As control, an antibody of the same isotype (Ab 5B6) or phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS) was used. To evaluate the dermal matrix as a model for angiogenesis studies, recombinant human VEGF was inoculated into the dermal matrix pocket and xenografted into mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the dermal matrix angiogenesis model, the number of blood vessels paralleled the concentration of recombinant human VEGF and was highest at 100 ng/mL. Mice that were treated with the mAb A4.6.1 developed fewer blood vessels (mean, 6.6 per HPF) than control mice (18 per HPF in Ab 5B6 and 22 per HPF in PBS; P <.01). Tumors from mice that were treated with mAb A.4.6.1 were much smaller (mean +/- SD, 0.09 +/- 0.02 gm) at 5 weeks, compared with the tumors treated with Ab 5B6 (5.38 +/- 1.15 gm) or PBS (4.0 +/- 0.72 gm; P <.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF is produced by the follicular thyroid cancer cell line and stimulates angiogenesis and growth of thyroid cancer. This stimulation can be blocked by mAb A.4.6.1.
authors: Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco/Mount Zion Medical Center, USA.
authors: E Y
authors: EY
authors: Soh
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Eigelberger
authors: K J
authors: KJ
authors: Kim
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Wong
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Young
authors: O H
authors: OH
authors: Clark
authors: Q Y
authors: QY
authors: Duh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors