title: The effects of weak magnetic fields on radical recombination reactions in micelles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the effects of weak magnetic fields (> approximately 1 mT) on chemical reactions involving free radicals, in the context of possible effects of environmental electromagnetic radiation on biological systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transient absorption, flash photolysis experiments have been performed to study the kinetics and yields of radical reactions. The triplet state of benzophenone has been used as a convenient source of radical pairs, whose identity is largely immaterial to the investigation of the so-called Low Field Effect. Hydrogen abstraction from surfactant molecules in micelles yields a pair of neutral radicals, one large and one small, in a region of restricted translational and rotational motion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In alkyl sulphate and sulphonate micelles a weak field increases the concentration of free radicals that escape from the micelle to an extent that depends on the structure, dynamics and volume of the space in which the radical pairs are confined. The effect (up to 10%) is typically largest at 1-2 mrT. Smaller effects are found for Brij and TX100 micelles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low Field Effects depend strongly on the local environment of the radical pair. Larger effects than observed here might be expected for radicals formed from singlet (rather than triplet) precursors, as would be the case in biological reactions.
authors: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, UK.
authors: R W
authors: RW
authors: Eveson
authors: C R
authors: CR
authors: Timmel
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Brocklehurst
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Hore
authors: K A
authors: KA
authors: McLauchlan
mesh_terms: D000476:Alkanesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000737:chemistry; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008280:Magnetics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008823:Micelles; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010782:Photolysis; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000476:Alkanesulfonates; D001577:Benzophenones; D005609:Free Radicals; D008823:Micelles; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C047723:benzophenone