title: Postcardioversion atrial electrophysiologic changes induced by oral verapamil in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to verify the effect of oral administration of verapamil on atrial electrophysiologic characteristics after cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) in humans.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Discordant findings have been reported regarding the efficacy of verapamil in preventing the electrical remodeling induced by AF.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined the effective refractory periods (ERPs) at five pacing cycle lengths (300 to 700 ms) and in five right atrial sites after internal cardioversion of persistent AF (mean duration 238.1+/-305.9 days) in 19 patients. Nine patients received oral verapamil (240 mg/day) starting four weeks before the electrophysiologic study, whereas the other 10 patients were in pharmacologic washout.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ERPs were 202.0+/-22.7 ms in the washout group and 189.3+/-18.5 ms in the verapamil group (p < 0.0001). The degree of adaptation of refractoriness to rate was similar in the two groups (mean slope value in the washout group and verapamil group: 0.07+/-0.03 and 0.08+/-0.05, respectively), showing a normal or nearly normal adaptation to rate in the majority of the paced sites in both groups. The mean ERP was slightly longer in the septum than in the lateral wall and in the roof, both in the washout and verapamil groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with persistent AF, long-term administration of verapamil before internal cardioversion resulted in 1) shortening of atrial ERPs; 2) no change in refractoriness dispersion within the right atrium; and 3) no change in atrial ERP adaptation to rate.
authors: Department of Cardiac Diseases, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Pandozi
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Bianconi
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Calò
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Castro
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Lamberti
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Scianaro
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Gentilucci
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Santini
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016275:Atrial Function; D004554:Electric Countershock; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014700:Verapamil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D014700:Verapamil