Maternal perceptions of overweight preschool children.
BACKGROUND
Childhood obesity is a major public health problem, and prevention efforts should begin early in life and involve parents.


OBJECTIVE
To determine what factors are associated with mothers' failure to perceive when their preschool children are overweight.


METHODS
Cross-sectional survey.


METHODS
Offices of private pediatricians and clinics of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).


METHODS
Six hundred twenty-two mothers with children 23 to 60 months of age.


METHODS
Maternal demographic variables, maternal self-reported height and weight, and children's measured height and weight. Mothers were asked whether they considered themselves or their children overweight.


RESULTS
Forty-five percent of mothers had low education (high school degree or less) and 55% had high education (some college or more). Obesity (body mass index: >/=30 kg/m(2)) was more common in the low education group of mothers (30% vs 17%), and their children tended to be more overweight (weight-for-height percentile: >/=90th; 19% vs 14%). Ninety-five percent of obese mothers believed that they were overweight, with no difference between education groups. However, 79% of mothers failed to perceive their overweight child as overweight. Among the 99 mothers with overweight children, low maternal education was associated with a failure to perceive their children as overweight after adjusting for low family income (</=185% of poverty), maternal obesity, age, and smoking plus the child's age, race, and gender (adjusted odds ratio: 6.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.7-22.5).


CONCLUSIONS
Obesity was more common in mothers with less education as well as in their children. Nearly all of the obese mothers regarded themselves as overweight. However, the majority of mothers did not view their overweight children as overweight, and this misperception was more common in mothers with less education. Childhood obesity prevention efforts are unlikely to be successful without a better understanding of how mothers perceive the problem of overweight in their preschool children.
Baughcum
A E
AE
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Chamberlin
L A
LA
Deeks
C M
CM
Powers
S W
SW
Whitaker
R C
RC
D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D009820:Ohio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012649:Self Concept; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires