title: Myocardial stunning in exercise-induced ischemia in dogs: lack of late preconditioning.
abstract: Late preconditioning (PC) against myocardial stunning develops after coronary artery occlusion (CAO) at rest and subsequent reperfusion. We investigated whether late PC occurs after exercise-induced ischemia (high-flow ischemia) in dogs. A circumflex coronary artery stenosis (by using occluders) was set up before the onset of treadmill exercise in nine chronically instrumented dogs to suppress exercise-induced increase in mean coronary blood flow velocity (CBFV, Doppler) without simultaneously affecting left ventricular (LV) wall thickening (Wth) at rest. Two similar exercises were performed 24 h apart. On day 1, LV Wth was reduced by 84 +/- 5% (P < 0.01), and exercise-induced increases in transmural myocardial blood flow (MBF, fluorescent microspheres) in the ischemic zone were blunted. LV Wth was depressed throughout the first 10 h and returned to its baseline value after 24 h. On day 2, changes in LV Wth and MBF were similar as was the time course for LV Wth recovery, indicating lack of late PC. Also, CBFV responses to acetylcholine, nitroglycerin, and reactive hyperemia (20-s CAO) were not significantly different on days 1 and 2. Similar results were obtained in a subgroup of four additional dogs with more severe stenosis during exercise. Late PC against myocardial stunning was confirmed to occur in a model of 10-min CAO followed by coronary artery reperfusion (CAR) in another four dogs. Thus in contrast with CAO at rest followed by CAR, severe myocardial ischemia in coronary flow-limited exercising dogs does not induce late PC against myocardial stunning.
authors: Département de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud et Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM E00.01, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France.
authors: O P
authors: OP
authors: De Curzon
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Ghaleh
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Tissier
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Giudicelli
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Hittinger
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Berdeaux
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D017682:Myocardial Stunning / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005082:Physical Exertion; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D000109:Acetylcholine