title: Phlegmasia cerulea dolens of the upper extremity.
abstract: Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is the term describing the painful venous congestion that results from near-total venous occlusion of a limb. It is unusual in the lower extremity but is decidedly rare in the upper extremity with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. PCD of the upper extremity usually occurs in patients with significant comorbid conditions such as severe cardiac failure or advanced malignancy. PCD of the upper extremity is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. We present a case of upper extremity PCD in an elderly man with a complex medical history, complicated clinical course, and poor outcome that is typical for this rare disease.
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Bolitho
authors: E T
authors: ET
authors: Elwood
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001132:Arm; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D011660:Pulmonary Heart Disease / Q000150:complications; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D017211:Treatment Failure