title: Is forequarter amputation justified for palliation of intractable cancer symptoms?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limb-sparing surgery has replaced the radical surgical approach for treating limb sarcomas in most cases. Amputation has been advocated as a palliative procedure for symptomatic locally advanced disease that has already failed to respond to radiation therapy, chemotherapy and limited surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with advanced malignant tumors involving the shoulder girdle or the proximal humerus underwent forequarter amputation (FQA) for palliative purposes. The tumor-related local problems were severe pain, limb dysfunction, tumor fungation, bleeding (requiring emergency FQA in one case) and infection. The preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) in our series ranged from 30 to 70%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No perioperative mortality was observed. The morbidity was well tolerated by the patients. The KPS improved in most of the patients, and was assessed as 90-100% in 9 of the 12 patients. Overall, quality of life was reported to be at least moderately improved by 2 out of 3 patients. Survival was measured in months (3-24 months), but ultimately had no meaning since the procedure was palliative. Lung metastases were the dominant cause of death in our patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of FQA in our series point to its feasibility and the gain in quality of life and performance status in severely ill patients with advanced malignancies. Local symptoms and signs were controlled, and quality of life was restored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel. merimsky@zahav.net.il
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Merimsky
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kollender
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inbar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lev-Chelouche
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Issakov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mazeh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shabat
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bickels
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D001132:Arm / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012782:Shoulder / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome