title: Effect of human hydrosalpinx fluid on in vitro mouse embryogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Women with hydrosalpinx have an unfavorable pregnancy rate. As one approach to elucidate the effect of hydrosalpinx on uterine tubal functioning, we examined the effect of hydrosalpinx fluid on early embryo development in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hyperovulation was induced in ICR mice, and late 2-cell-stage embryos were harvested 42 hours after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Hydrosalpinx fluid was obtained from patients during surgery after informed consent was obtained. The embryos were cultured in 3 culture fluids: (1) mBWW medium containing 0.3% bovine serum albumin (positive-control medium) (BSA), (2) Ca2+, Mg2+-free phosphate buffered saline (negative-control medium) (PBS), and (3) 100% human hydrosalpinx fluid. The developmental status of the embryos 120 hours after hCG administration was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Embryogenesis from a 2-cell-stage embryo to a blastocyst was observed in 98.3% (118/120) of the embryos cultured in the mBWW medium, in 0% (0/120) of the embryos cultured in PBS, and in 98.3% (118/120) of the embryos cultured in 100% human hydrosalpinx fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the micro-environment of human hydrosalpinx fluid, late 2-cell embryos of ICR mice developed normally to blastocysts. The present results also suggest that non-species-specific embryogenetic factors might be present in human hydrosalpinx fluid.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D003470:Culture Media