title: Characteristics, outcome, and care of stroke associated with atrial fibrillation in Europe: data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry (The European Community Stroke Project).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of atrial fibrillation (AF) as a determinant of stroke outcome is not well established. Studies focusing on this topic relied on relatively small samples of patients, scarcely representative of the older age groups. We aimed at evaluating clinical characteristics, care, and outcome of stroke associated with AF in a large European sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a European Concerted Action involving 7 countries, 4462 patients hospitalized for first-in-a-lifetime stroke were evaluated for demographics, risk factors, clinical presentation, resource use, and 3-month survival, disability (Barthel Index), and handicap (Rankin scale).
  
  
  RESULTS
  AF was present in 803 patients (18.0%). AF patients, compared with those without AF, were older, were more frequently female, and more often had experienced a previous myocardial infarction; they were less often diabetics, alcohol consumers, and smokers (all P:<0.001). At 3 months, 32.8% of the AF patients were dead compared with 19.9% of the non-AF patients (P:<0.001). With control for baseline variables, AF increased by almost 50% the probability of remaining disabled (multivariate odds ratio 1.43, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.80) or handicapped (multivariate odds ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.02). Before stroke, only 8.4% of AF patients were on anticoagulants. The chance of being anticoagulated was reduced by 4% per year of increasing age. AF patients underwent CT scan and other diagnostic procedures less frequently and received less physiotherapy or occupational therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stroke associated with AF has a poor prognosis in terms of death and function. Prevention and care of stroke with AF is a major challenge for European health systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lamassa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pracucci
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Basile
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trefoloni
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vanni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spolveri
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Baruffi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Landini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghetti
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inzitari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015897:Comorbidity; D003710:Demography; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents