title: Histomorphometric analysis of implant anchorage for 3 types of dental implants following 6 months of healing in baboon jaws.
abstract: In an effort to better understand the supporting anatomy for unloaded endosseous dental implants, this study focused on the histomorphometric analysis of 3 different types of implants placed into non-human primate jaws and allowed to heal for 6 months. This report describes data from 24 screw-type dental implants placed in edentulated (2 months healing time) posterior arches of 4 adult female baboons. Three different implants were placed and allowed to heal for 6 months prior to processing for evaluation: commercially pure titanium (n = 8), titanium alloy (n = 8), and titanium plasma-sprayed (n = 8). Circumferential bone-implant interface sampling from 6 regions along the entire length of each implant was obtained for evaluation of percent bone-implant contact (%BIC) and percent bone area (%BA), within 3 mm of the implant. Data were collected (reliability of 1.6% for both parameters) and analyzed by an observer blinded to implant material using IMAGE analysis software for differences between jaws, implant biomaterials, and jaw/biomaterial (analysis of variance, pairwise comparison using least squares method with Bonferroni adjustment). The results indicated that the overall mean %BIC was 55.8 and mean %BA was 48.1. Maxillary and mandibular differences for both parameters were statistically significantly different: %BIC in maxilla 50.8, in mandible 60.8; %BA in maxilla 43.6, in mandible 52.6 (both significant at the P < .05 level). The biomaterial analyses revealed no significant differences between the different implants for %BIC or %BA. The trend observed--that mandibular values were greater than maxillary values for the overall jaw comparisons--was found to be consistent at the jaw/biomaterial level, although the small sample size limited statistical power. These data, along with data from a previous 3-month study, provide insight into baseline supporting anatomy for dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. carr.alan@mayo.edu
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D015588:Observer Variation; D010215:Papio; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018401:Sample Size; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium