title: Upregulation of immunoreactive angiotensin II release and angiotensinogen mRNA expression by high-frequency preganglionic stimulation at the canine cardiac sympathetic ganglia.
abstract: The possible involvement of the local angiotensin system in ganglionic functions was investigated in the canine cardiac sympathetic ganglia. Positive chronotropic responses to preganglionic stellate stimulation at high frequencies, after intravenous administration of pentolinium plus atropine, were inhibited by the nonpeptide angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonist forasartan or the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril, whereas the rate increases elicited by the postganglionic stellate stimulation and norepinephrine given intravenously failed to be inhibited by these antagonists. The levels of endogenous immunoreactive angiotensin II, as determined by radioimmunoassay in the incubation medium of the stellate and inferior cervical ganglia, were increased after the high-frequency preganglionic stimulation of the isolated ganglia. The increment of the peptide was also antagonized by the pretreatment with captopril but not by a chymase inhibitor, chymostatin. The expression of angiotensinogen mRNA was observed in the stellate ganglion, adrenal, liver, and lung but not in the ovary and spleen. The expression of the mRNA in the stellate and inferior cervical ganglia increased after high-frequency preganglionic stimulation of the in vivo dogs for a period of 1 hour. These results indicate that an intrinsic angiotensin I-converting enzyme-dependent angiotensin system exists in the cardiac sympathetic ganglia, which is activated by high-frequency preganglionic stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biodynamics, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. kkushiku@fukuoka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kushiku
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuragi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D010425:Pentolinium Tartrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013233:Stellate Ganglion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013777:Tetrazoles; C084927:forasartan; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D000804:Angiotensin II; D001285:Atropine; D010425:Pentolinium Tartrate; D002216:Captopril