title: Human papillomavirus infection requires cell surface heparan sulfate.
abstract: Using pseudoinfection of cell lines, we demonstrate that cell surface heparan sulfate is required for infection by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) and HPV-33 pseudovirions. Pseudoinfection was inhibited by heparin but not dermatan or chondroitin sulfate, reduced by reducing the level of surface sulfation, and abolished by heparinase treatment. Carboxy-terminally deleted HPV-33 virus-like particles still bound efficiently to heparin. The kinetics of postattachment neutralization by antiserum or heparin indicated that pseudovirions were shifted on the cell surface from a heparin-sensitive into a heparin-resistant mode of binding, possibly involving a secondary receptor. Alpha-6 integrin is not a receptor for HPV-33 pseudoinfection.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giroglou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Florin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Streeck
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sapp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D019556:COS Cells; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D039503:Integrin alpha6; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D014771:Virion / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D039503:Integrin alpha6; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules