title: Involvement of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in surveillance of tumor metastasis by liver natural killer cells.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in various tumor cells in vitro, but its physiological role in tumor surveillance remains unknown. Here, we report that TRAIL is constitutively expressed on murine natural killer (NK) cells in the liver and plays a substantial role in suppressing tumor metastasis. Freshly isolated NK cells, but not natural killer T cells or ordinary T cells, from the liver expressed cell surface TRAIL, which was responsible for spontaneous cytotoxicity against TRAIL-sensitive tumor cells in vitro along with perforin and Fas ligand (FasL). Administration of neutralizing monoclonal antibody against TRAIL significantly increased experimental liver metastases of several TRAIL-sensitive tumor cell lines. Such an anti-metastatic effect of TRAIL was not observed in NK cell-depleted mice or interferon-gamma-deficient mice, the latter of which lacked TRAIL on liver NK cells. These findings provide the first evidence for the physiological function of TRAIL as a tumor suppressor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. ktakeda@med.juntendo.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kayagaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakuta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008024:Ligands; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000276:immunology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha