title: Mesenchymal/epithelial induction mediates olfactory pathway formation.
abstract: In the olfactory pathway, as in the limbs, branchial arches, and heart, mesenchymal/epithelial induction, mediated by retinoic acid (RA), FGF8, sonic hedgehog (shh), and the BMPs, defines patterning, morphogenesis, and differentiation. Neuronal differentiation in the olfactory epithelium and directed growth of axons in the nascent olfactory nerve depend critically upon this inductive interaction. When RA, FGF8, shh, or BMP signaling is disrupted, distinct aspects of olfactory pathway patterning and differentiation are compromised. Thus, a cellular and molecular mechanism that facilitates musculoskeletal and vascular development elsewhere in the embryo has been adapted to guide the differentiation of the olfactory pathway in the developing forebrain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Medical School, 27599, USA. anthony_lamantia@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: LaMantia
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhasin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heemskerk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000187:drug effects; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D004627:Embryonic Induction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C496457:Fgf8 protein, mouse; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; D014212:Tretinoin; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors