title: Metallothionein expression in epithelial ovarian cancer: effect of chemotherapy and prognostic significance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Regimens containing platinum drugs continue to be amongst the most effective therapies for ovarian cancer. However, despite high initial response rates most patients relapse and die of their disease. Elevation of metallothionein has been implicated as a mechanism by which tumour cells become resistant to platinum anticancer drugs, although most of these studies have been carried out in vitro. This study was carried out to determine whether metallothionein expression was associated with response or survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metallothionein was determined by radioimmune assay using frozen ovarian tumour tissue taken either before or following cytotoxic chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increase in expression of metallothionein was seen in tumour tissue from patients who had undergone cytotoxic chemotherapy, although this did not attain significance. However, a preliminary study using biopsy material from the same patient, taken both before and after chemotherapy, showed a statistically significant increase in metallothionein. An analysis of these data showed that the level of metallothionein expression was not associated with survival or response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data do not support the hypothesis that metallothionein expression is a determinant of response in ovarian cancer. There is some preliminary evidence from the study of paired samples which indicates that cytotoxic chemotherapy may increase metallothionein expression. An increase in metallothionein was also seen in the study using unmatched biopsies although this did not attain statistical significance, due in part to the large inter-patient variability in expression of this protein.
authors.affiliation: CRC Department of Drug Development, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wrigley
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Verspaget
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Jayson
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: McGown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005629:Frozen Sections; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012086:Reoperation; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D008668:Metallothionein