title: Genitourinary injuries in the newborn.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Circumcisions and cesarian sections are common procedures. Although complications to the newborn child fortunately are rare, it is important to emphasize the potential significance of this problem and its frequent iatrogenic etiology. The authors present 7 cases of genitourinary trauma in newborns, including surgical management and follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors relate 7 recent cases of genitourinary trauma in newborns from a children's hospital in a major metropolitan area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Case 1 and 2: Two infants suffered degloving injuries to both the prepuce and penile shaft from a Gomco clamp. Successful full-thickness skin grafting using the previously excised foreskin was used in 1 child. Case 3, 4, and 5: A Mogen clamp caused glans injuries in 3 infants. In 2, hemorrhage from the severed glans was controlled with topical epinephrine; the glans healed with a flattened appearance. Another infant sustained a laceration ventrally, requiring a delayed modified meatal advancement glanoplasty to correct the injury. Case 6: A male infant suffered a ventral slit and division of the ventral urethra before placement of a Gomco clamp. Formal hypospadias repair was required. Case 7: An emergent cesarean section resulted in a grade 4-perineal laceration in a female infant. The vaginal tear caused by the surgeon's finger, extended up to the posterior insertion of the cervix and into the rectum. The infant successfully underwent an emergent multilayered repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genitourinary trauma in the newborn is rare but often necessitates significant surgical intervention. Circumcision often is the causative event. There has been only 1 prior report of a perineal injury similar to case 7, with a fatal outcome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Floating Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Moriarty
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Brisson
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Feins
mesh_terms: D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery