title: Do the Y-set and double-bag systems reduce the incidence of CAPD peritonitis? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peritonitis is the most frequent serious complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). It has a major influence on the number of patients switching from CAPD to haemodialysis and has probably restricted the wider acceptance and uptake of CAPD as an alternative mode of dialysis. This systematic review sought to determine if modifications of the transfer set (Y-set or double-bag systems) used in CAPD exchanges are associated with a reduction in peritonitis and an improvement in other relevant outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on a comprehensive search strategy, we undertook a systematic review of randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing double-bag and/or Y-set CAPD exchange systems with standard systems, or comparing double-bag with Y-set systems, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated with CAPD. Only published data were used. Data were abstracted by a single investigator onto a standard form and subsequently entered into Review Manager 4.0.4. Its statistical package, Metaview 3.1, calculated an odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous data and a (weighted) mean difference for continuous data with 95% confidence intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve eligible trials with a total of 991 randomized patients were identified. In trials comparing either the Y-set or double-bag systems with the standard systems, significantly fewer patients (133/363 vs 158/263; OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.24-0.46) experienced peritonitis and the number of patient-months on CAPD per episode of peritonitis was consistently greater. When the double-bag systems were compared with the Y-set systems significantly fewer patients experienced peritonitis (44/154 vs 66/138; OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.27-0.71) and the number of patient-months on CAPD per episode of peritonitis was also greater.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double-bag systems should be the preferred exchange systems in CAPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cody
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic