title: Interaction of Galpha 12 and Galpha 13 with the cytoplasmic domain of cadherin provides a mechanism for beta -catenin release.
abstract: The G12 subfamily of heterotrimeric G proteins, comprised of the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, has been implicated as a signaling component in cellular processes ranging from cytoskeletal changes to cell growth and oncogenesis. In an attempt to elucidate specific roles of this subfamily in cell regulation, we sought to identify molecular targets of Galpha12. Here we show a specific interaction between the G12 subfamily and the cytoplasmic tails of several members of the cadherin family of cell-surface adhesion proteins. Galpha12 or Galpha13 binding causes dissociation of the transcriptional activator beta-catenin from cadherins. Furthermore, in cells lacking the adenomatous polyposis coli protein required for beta-catenin degradation, expression of mutationally activated Galpha12 or Galpha13 causes an increase in beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation. These findings provide a potential molecular mechanism for the previously reported cellular transforming ability of the G12 subfamily and reveal a link between heterotrimeric G proteins and cellular processes controlling growth and differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Meigs
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Casey
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D015820:Cadherins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D017491:Genes, APC; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014452:Ubiquitins; D051176:beta Catenin; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins