title: Effects of rectally administered paracetamol on infants delivered by vacuum extraction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether paracetamol (20 mg/kg rectally) relieves pain in infants delivered by vacuum extraction, and improves clinical condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Infants delivered by vacuum extraction were randomised either to the study group (n=61) and given paracetamol or to the control group (n=61) receiving placebo. Pain assessment was performed by a validated pain score and by scoring the clinical condition. Both scores and clinical symptoms in these groups were compared with symptoms in a reference group (n=66) with uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery in vertex position without vacuum extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain score did not differ between groups; clinical condition in the study group improved only after the first dose. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in objective clinical symptoms in the vacuum extraction groups, compared to the reference group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One dose of paracetamol given to neonates delivered by vacuum extraction significantly improved their clinical condition, but did not result in a significant change in objective pain scores. Subsequent doses of paracetamol did not show any effect on the clinical symptoms or appearance of the neonates studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Isala Clinics, P.O. Box 10400, 8000, GK, Zwolle, The Netherlands. vanlingen@wxs.nl
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: van Lingen
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Quak
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Deinum
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van de Logt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Eyck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okken
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tibboel
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010919:Placebos; D011247:Pregnancy; D014620:Vacuum Extraction, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D000082:Acetaminophen