title: Therapeutic effects of an oral adsorbent on acute dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and its recovery phase in rats, especially effects of elimination of bile acids in gut lumen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is still unknown. However, it is possible that faecal bile acids influence the clinical course.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the eliminating effects of faecal bile acids by the oral adsorbent on dextran sulphate sodium-induced rat colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were given 3% dextran sulphate sodium aqueous solution for 7 days, with or without concomitant administration of oral adsorbent, or the rats were given dextran sulphate sodium for 7 days, followed with or without oral adsorbent for 5 days. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the colons and measurement of faecal bile acids were performed. The cytotoxicity of bile salts on Caco-2 cells was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral adsorbent tended to attenuate the dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis. Oral adsorbent was fairly effective in reducing faecal hyodeoxycholic acid concentration. A positive correlation was found between the size of the ulcer area and the faecal hyodeoxycholic acid concentration. In a cell culture study, cytotoxicity of bile acid was parallel with increasing hydrophobicity of the bile acid. However, hyodeoxycholate exhibited severe cytotoxicity, despite its hydrophilic properties.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral adsorbent tended to attenuate the dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and tended to promote the recovery process. It is possible that bile acids in the gut lumen influence the progression of dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and its repair process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujikawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bamba
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002244:Carbon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D010087:Oxides; D002244:Carbon; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; C040896:AST 120