title: Humoral immunodeficiency with facial dysmorphology and limb anomalies: a new syndrome.
abstract: We report a 6 year old girl with an isolated humoral immune deficiency and a unique combination of dysmorphic features. Physical findings include microcephaly, micrognathia, sickle shaped eyebrows, hypoplastic alae nasi, thenar hypoplasia, partial 4-5 syndactyly of toes, recessed great toes, anterior anus, and hypoplastic labia minora. Radiographic findings include triphalangeal thumbs and hypoplastic first metatarsals. She has postnatal growth retardation and her development is substantially slower than her twin's. Her clinical course has been complicated by recurrent sinopulmonary infections and pneumococcal bacteraemia. Laboratory evaluation revealed hypogammaglobulinaemia, absent B cells, and a 46,XX karyotype. A review of the literature and the London Dysmorphology Database did not produce any recognizable syndromes that match her constellation of findings. She may represent a unique syndrome of unknown etiology.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California at San Diego, 92093-0635, USA. hahoffman@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bastian
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002648:Child; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005145:Face / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005530:Foot Deformities / Q000175:diagnosis; D006226:Hand Deformities / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007621:Karyotyping; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013576:Syndactyly; D013577:Syndrome; D014034:Toes / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic