title: A standardised and reproducible model of intraabdominal infection and abscess formation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a standardised and reproducible model of intra-abdominal infection and abscess formation in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital, The Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 adult male Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 32 rats, peritonitis was produced using two different concentrations of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) incorporated in fibrin clots (E. coii 1 x 10(5) colony forming units (CFU)/ml or 1 x 10(8) CFU/ml, B. fragilis: 1 x 10(8) CFU/ml). Four rats with fibrin clots without bacteria served as uninfected controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Macroscopy and bacterial counts in peritoneal fluid, blood, and fibrin clots after 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, and 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Macroscopically, there were signs of intra-abdominal infection and abscesses. With the higher starting concentration of E. coli, macroscopic signs were more pronounced and in nearly all rats bacterial counts in peritoneal fluid and fibrin clots showed persistently high numbers of E. coli and B. fragilis for at least 7 days (E. coli = 2 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(6) CFU/ml and 5 x 10(7) to 9 x 10(8) CFU/clot; B. fragilis = 1 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(6) CFU/ml and 5 x 10(7) to 6 x 10(8) CFU/clot).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This standardised and reproducible model of intra-abdominal infection and abscess formation seems well suited for further use and development in experiments on the pathophysiology of intra-abdominal infection and abscesses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bosscha
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Nieuwenhuijs
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Gooszen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Duijvenbode-Beumer
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Verweij
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Akkermans
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D001442:Bacteroides Infections; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections; D008297:Male; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000382:microbiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar