title: Effect of WEB 2086 on leukocyte adherence in response to hemorrhagic shock in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathogenesis of generalized microvascular injury after hemorrhagic shock is known to involve the generation of platelet-activating factor (1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [PAF]). The release of PAF is manifested in several ways, including by increased vascular permeability, altered vascular reactivity, and increased leukocyte adherence to the endothelium. WEB 2086 is a PAF antagonist that has been shown experimentally to improve survival after hemorrhagic shock. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of WEB 2086 in attenuating leukocyte adherence before, during, and after hemorrhagic shock.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a control period, blood was withdrawn to reduce the mean arterial pressure to 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes in urethane-anesthetized rats. Mesenteric venules in a transilluminated segment of the small bowel were examined to quantitate leukocyte adherence using intravital microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In sham-operated rats (control), there was minimal to no leukocyte adherence throughout the experiment. Hemorrhagic shock resulted in a significant increase in leukocyte adherence postshock during resuscitation (10.9 +/- 1.8 cells/100 microm, p < 0.01) when compared with controls. WEB 2086, when given before shock, significantly attenuated leukocyte adherence (0.1 +/- 0.08 cells/100 microm, p < 0.01) when compared with hemorrhagic shock alone. This effect of WEB 2086 on adherence could be demonstrated even when it was given during (3.5 +/- 0.9 cells/100 microm, p < 0.01) and 10 minutes into (5.8 +/- 1.1 cells/100 microm, p < 0.05) hemorrhagic shock.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that WEB 2086 may be of therapeutic benefit against the microvascular damage sustained after hemorrhagic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160, USA.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Smalley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moncure
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014230:Triazoles; C052518:WEB 2086