title: Hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer: preoperative detection and assessment of resectability with helical CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate helical computed tomography (CT) in the preoperative detection of hepatic metastases and assessment of resectability with surgical, intraoperative ultrasonographic (US), and histopathologic correlation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1995 and December 1998, preoperative staging with helical CT (5-mm collimation; reconstruction interval, 5 mm) was performed in 157 patients with hepatic metastases. Iodinated contrast material was injected intravenously (160-170 mL; rate, 2.5-3.0 mL/sec); acquisition began at 60-70 seconds. Four radiologists prospectively assessed the metastatic involvement of the liver by indicating the number and location of the lesions; resection was indicated in 113 patients (119 instances). Helical CT findings were correlated with pathologic and surgical findings on a lesion-by-lesion basis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraoperative US, palpation, and histopathologic examination revealed 290 liver metastases; helical CT correctly depicted 247. Helical CT results were the following: overall detection rate, 85.1% (95% CI: 80.8%, 89.3%); positive predictive value, 96.1% (95% CI: 92.9%, 98.1%); and false-positive rate, 3.9% (10 of 257 findings; 95% CI: 1.9%, 7.1%). False-positive findings were related to hemangioendothelioma, hemangioma, hepatic peliosis, biliary adenoma, centrilobar hemorrhage, biliary hamartoma, periportal fibrosis, and normal liver parenchyma. Curative resection was performed in 112 instances with a resectability rate of 94.1%. Four-year patient survival rate was 58.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helical CT is a noninvasive, reliable, and accurate technique for imaging the liver and should be considered as the standard preoperative work-up of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Autovia de Castelldefels km 2,7, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain. carlosvalls@csub.scs.es
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valls
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Andía
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumà
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Figueras
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torras
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Serrano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods