title: Randomised controlled study of clinical efficacy of spacer therapy in asthma with regard to electrostatic charge.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inhalation therapy using a pressured metered dose inhaler (pMDI) and a spacer is frequently used in the treatment of airway disease in children. Several laboratory studies found a clear negative influence of electrostatic charge (ESC) on plastic spacers on the delivery of aerosol.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether ESC on plastic spacers could diminish bronchodilating responses to salbutamol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety asthmatic children (aged 4-8 years) were randomised into three groups: metal Nebuchamber, plastic Volumatic, and plastic Aerochamber. The bronchodilating response was measured by the change in peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) after 100 microgram and 400 microgram salbutamol. Within the Volumatic and Aerochamber groups, a crossover comparison was made between electrostatic and non-electrostatic spacers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant effect of ESC on the bronchodilating response to salbutamol with any of the doses in the Aerochamber and Volumatic groups. For the plastic spacers, the mean difference of the change in PEF after 100 microgram salbutamol between non-electrostatic and electrostatic spacers was only +1.7% (95% CI -1.3% to 4.7%). After 400 microgram salbutamol this was +1.9% (95% CI -1.4% to 5.1%). A comparable efficacy was found for the Nebuchamber, the Aerochamber, and Volumatic with respect to the change in PEF after 100 and 400 microgram salbutamol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed no negative influence of ESC on plastic spacers with regard to clinical efficacy of a beta(2) agonist (salbutamol) in children with asthma. The metal Nebuchamber, plastic Aerochamber, and plastic Volumatic were equally effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Hospital Maastricht, P Debyelaan 25, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, Netherlands. edom@skin.azm.nl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dompeling
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oudesluys-Murphy
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Sukhai
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Jongste
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry; D055672:Static Electricity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D008670:Metals; D010969:Plastics; D000420:Albuterol