title: Enhanced endothelin-1 response and receptor expression in small mesenteric arteries of insulin-resistant rats.
abstract: Hyperinsulinemia, a primary feature of insulin resistance, is associated with increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) activity. This study determined the vascular response to ET-1 and receptor binding characteristics in small mesenteric arteries of insulin-resistant (IR) rats. Rats were randomized to control (C) (n = 32) or IR (n = 32) groups. The response to ET-1 was assessed (in vitro) in arteries with (Endo+) and without (Endo-) endothelium. In addition, arteries (Endo+) were pretreated with the ET(B) antagonist A-192621 or the ET(A) antagonist A-127722. Finally, binding characteristics of [(125)I]ET-1 were determined. Results showed that in Endo+ arteries the maximal relaxation (E(max)) to ET-1 was similar between C and IR groups; however, the concentration at 50% of maximum relaxation (EC(50)) was decreased in IR arteries. In Endo- arteries, the E(max) to ET-1 was enhanced in both groups. Pretreatment with A-192621 enhanced the E(max) and EC(50) to ET-1 in both groups. In contrast, A-127722 inhibited the ET-1 response in all arteries in a concentration-dependent manner; however, a greater ET-1 response was seen at each concentration in IR arteries. Maximal binding of [(125)I]ET-1 was increased in IR versus C arteries although the dissociation constant values were similar. In conclusion, we found the vasoconstrictor response to ET-1 is enhanced in IR arteries due to an enhanced expression of ET receptors and underlying endothelial dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia 30912-3910, USA.
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Katakam
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ujhelyi
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C120508:A 192621; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin