title: Phase II study of paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin as second-line treatment in relapsed small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy of the paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (PIC) combination in relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients were those with SCLC who had progressed or relapsed after therapy with carboplatin and etoposide (with or without chest radiotherapy). The PIC regimen consisted of paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) on day 1, ifosfamide 5 g/m(2) divided over days 1 and 2, and cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) divided over days 1 and 2; PIC was given every 21 days with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three patients (30 men and three women) were entered onto the study (median age, 62 years [range, 55 to 70 years]; median performance status, 1 [range, 0 to 2]). Metastatic sites at study entry included the lymph nodes (n = 13 patients), bone (n = 9), liver (n = 5), brain (n = 6), lung nodules (n = 8), adrenal glands (n = 9), and other (n = 2) Responses included eight complete remissions and 16 partial remissions (overall response rate, 73% [24 of 33 patients]). Five patients had stable disease and two had progressive disease. Median time to progression and overall survival were 21 and 28 weeks, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 12%, with two patients alive without evidence of disease at 76 and 104 weeks since PIC initiation. Grade 3 and 4 toxicities included neutropenia in 30 patients (24 [73%] developed grade 4 neutropenia [ < 5 days]) and febrile neutropenia in six patients (18%); grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia was seen in nine patients (27%). No grade 3 neuropathy was observed; grade 1 or 2 CNS toxicity was seen in five patients, there was no renal toxicity, grade 2 myalgias were seen in nine patients, grade 2 diarrhea was seen in one patient, and grade 3 nausea or vomiting was seen in seven patients. There were no treatment-related deaths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present phase II study, the PIC combination seemed highly active and tolerable in patients with relapsed SCLC when it was administered as second-line treatment. Given the present experience, an evaluation of the PIC regimen as front-line treatment of SCLC is planned.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology Unit, Helena-Venizelou Hospital, Athens, Greece. ckosm@ath.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kosmas
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Tsavaris
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Malamos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vadiaka
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koufos
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide