title: Cytochrome c release, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, caspase-3 activation, and Bax-alpha cleavage during IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis in Daudi B lymphoma cells.
abstract: Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) displays antitumor action by inducing direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells in addition to generation of cytotoxic cells. The IFN-alpha-induced direct cytotoxicity is at least partly due to induction of apoptosis. In the present study, we examined signaling pathways implicated in IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis in Daudi cells. Release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol was found after 12 h incubation with IFN-alpha, followed by a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi(m)) and procaspase-3 activation at 24 and 36 h, respectively. Cleavage of endogenous Bax-alpha (21 kDa), generating an 18-kDa fragment (p18 Bax-alpha), was found at 36 h. Although the endogenous p21 Bax-alpha was located in both cytosol and mitochondrial membranes, the p18 Bax-alpha resided only on mitochondrial membranes. IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis occurred 48 h after stimulation, with a further increase in proportion up to 72 h. Pretreatment with pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk substantially inhibited the IFN-alpha-mediated Bax-alpha cleavage and apoptosis, but not the decline in Delta psi(m), suggesting the possibility that caspase-3 activation is implicated in the Bax-alpha cleavage, probably leading to amplification of the apoptotic processes. Our results suggest that modulation of endogenous p21 Bax-alpha is implicated in IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yanase
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikegami
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mizuguchi
mesh_terms: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C494826:BAX protein, human; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases