title: A redundant role of the CD3 gamma-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif in mature T cell function.
abstract: At least four different CD3 polypeptide chains are contained within the mature TCR complex, each encompassing one (CD3gamma, CD3delta, and CD3epsilon) or three (CD3zeta) immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) within their cytoplasmic domains. Why so many ITAMs are required is unresolved: it has been speculated that the different ITAMs function in signal specification, but they may also serve in signal amplification. Because the CD3zeta chains do not contribute unique signaling functions to the TCR, and because the ITAMs of the CD3-gammadeltaepsilon module alone can endow the TCR with normal signaling capacity, it thus becomes important to examine how the CD3gamma-, delta-, and epsilon-ITAMs regulate TCR signaling. We here report on the role of the CD3gamma chain and the CD3gamma-ITAM in peripheral T cell activation and differentiation to effector function. All T cell responses were reduced or abrogated in T cells derived from CD3gamma null-mutant mice, probably because of decreased expression levels of the mature TCR complex lacking CD3gamma. Consistent with this explanation, T cell responses proceed undisturbed in the absence of a functional CD3gamma-ITAM. Loss of integrity of the CD3gamma-ITAM only slightly impaired the regulation of expression of activation markers, suggesting a quantitative contribution of the CD3gamma-ITAM in this process. Nevertheless, the induction of an in vivo T cell response in influenza A virus-infected CD3gamma-ITAM-deficient mice proceeds normally. Therefore, if ITAMs can function in signal specification, it is likely that either the CD3delta and/or the CD3epsilon chains endow the TCR with qualitatively unique signaling functions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, and Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Haks
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Cordaro
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van den Brakel
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Haanen
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borst
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krimpenfort
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kruisbeek
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; C102366:nucleoprotein (366-374), influenza virus; D014443:Tyrosine