title: Effect of coarse or fine grinding on utilization of dry or ensiled corn by lactating dairy cows.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of coarse or fine grinding of three forms of corn on the performance of lactating cows. Six diets, fed as total mixed rations, were identical except for the corn portion of the diet. Corn treatments were dry shelled corn, high moisture ensiled ear corn, and high moisture ensiled shelled corn, either coarsely or finely ground. The experimental design was a 6 x 6 Latin square with 36 cows. Eighteen cows were assigned to the six different treatments and were fed once daily. Within this group of 18 cows, six had a ruminal cannula and were used to evaluate nutrient digestibilities and ruminal fermentation. The remaining 18 cows, six of which were ruminally cannulated, were similarly assigned, except they were fed twice daily. In the group fed once daily, milk production and composition were not affected by treatment. Starch digestibility was greater with the high moisture and with the finely ground corn treatments. In addition, the high moisture ensiled corn treatments had reduced ruminal ammonia concentrations. In the group that was fed twice daily, milk production and protein yield were greatest for the finely ground high moisture ensiled shelled corn treatment. Starch utilization was improved by fine grinding. Lower ruminal ammonia concentrations were obtained with the high moisture ensiled corn treatments, and there was a tendency for reduced ammonia concentration with fine grinding. Results indicate that high moisture ensiled corn as well as fine grinding improved nitrogen and starch utilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: San Emeterio
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Satter
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004063:Digestion; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D000641:Ammonia; D013213:Starch