title: Clinicopathologic findings in eyes with retained perfluoro-n-octane liquid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical and histopathologic findings in five eyes with retained perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) liquid after retinal reattachment surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, noncomparative, clinicopathologic case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical specimens from five eyes were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical specimens from eyes with prior intraoperative PFO use submitted to the W. Richard Green Eye Pathology Laboratory at the Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute were identified and reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histopathologic analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy identified intracellular vacuoles containing PFO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five cases were identified. Three specimens were obtained at the time of further surgery for recurrent retinal detachment; one at repeat penetrating keratoplasty, and one at removal of retained PFO. Each eye had macroscopic white flake-like material on intraocular structures noted before or during surgery. Histopathologic analysis disclosed an inflammatory response featuring macrophages with intracellular vacuoles containing PFO. Removal of the PFO in all five eyes combined with repeat retinal reattachment surgery in three eyes resulted in resolution of the inflammatory response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retention of PFO after surgery elicits an inflammatory response. We suspect that young patients, those with considerable residual vitreous gel, and eyes with larger amounts of retained PFO may be at higher risk for this complication.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Elsing
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fekrat
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Wajer
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Haller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; C073608:perfluorooctane