title: Astrocytic factors down-regulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex-class-II and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on human monocytes.
abstract: Several factors contribute to the maintenance of central nervous system immune privilege and astrocytes have been identified as a major source of immunomodulatory cytokines. To investigate whether hematogenous monocytes are immunologically deactivated by astrocyte-derived factors human monocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or interferon (IFN)-gamma and treated with the supernatant from pure astrocyte cultures, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, or with IL-1-receptor antagonist (1L-1-RA). Flow cytometry demonstrated that the supernatant from astrocyte cultures was the most potent agent in reducing the levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-class-II- as well as intercellular adhesion molecule-1-expression, whereas IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1-RA had only marginal effects. The expression of leukocyte function antigen-1 and very late antigen-4 was not modulated by either factor. In conclusion, astrocytes seem to provide soluble factors that have the capacity to deactivate hematogenous monocytes.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital for Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrichsheim, Marienburgstrasse 2, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. hailer@em.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Hailer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glomsda
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Blaheta
mesh_terms: D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000378:metabolism; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma