title: Bilateral versus single lung transplantation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: intermediate-term results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is controversy regarding the transplant procedure of choice in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We reviewed our intermediate-term outcomes with single lung transplantation (SLT) versus bilateral lung transplantation (BLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 130 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 84 underwent SLT, 46 BLT. The mean age was 51.1 +/- 1.2 years for those who underwent BLT and 56.2 +/- 0.7 years for those who underwent SLT (p < 0.0001). Male patients represented 65% of the BLT group and 46% of the SLT group (p = 0.04). Spirometry and 6-minute walk tests were obtained preoperatively and at 3- to 6-month intervals. Posttransplant survival and survival from time of onset of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. The mean follow-up was 32.4 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 90-day mortality rate was 13.0% For BLT and 15.5% for SLT (p = 0.71). Actuarial survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 82.6%, 74.6%, and 61.9% for BLT and 72.2%, 63.4%, and 57.4% for SLT; the favorable survival trend with BLT did not achieve statistical significance. There were no differences in preoperative spirometry or 6-minute walk tests. The improvements in forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity (FVC), and 6 MWT were significantly greater following BLT. The incidence of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome was 22.4% in SLT and 22.2% in BLT; survival following onset of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome was similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, BLT is associated with superior lung function, exercise tolerance, and a trend toward enhanced survival. Younger candidates may be best suited for BLT. Given the limited donor lungs, SLT remains the preferred alternative for all other patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Pulmonary, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA. pochetti@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pochettino
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kotloff
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rosengard
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arcasoy
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bavaria
mesh_terms: D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013147:Spirometry; D015996:Survival Rate; D014797:Vital Capacity