title: Adhesion of fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV to intraocular lens materials in pseudophakic human autopsy eyes. Part 1: histological sections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), silicone, hydrophobic soft acrylate, and hydrogel intraocular lenses (IOLs) in pseudophakic human autopsy eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Center for Research on Ocular Therapeutics and Biodevices, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight autopsy eyes containing PMMA, silicone, hydrophobic acrylate, or hydrogel IOLs were assessed. Histological sections were prepared from each eye, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed for fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV. One hundred fifty-two specimens were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A sandwich-like structure (anterior or posterior capsule/fibronectin/1 cell layer/fibronectin/IOL surface) was seen in 12 of 14 autopsy eyes with soft acrylate IOLs, 3 of 10 with a PMMA IOL (P =.0094), 1 of 10 with a silicone IOL (P =.0022), and 0 of 4 with a hydrogel IOL (P =. 0041). The thicker fibrocellular tissue on the inner surface of the anterior or posterior capsule that was in contact with silicone IOLs was lined with collagen type IV. Vitronectin and laminin were not found at the fibrocellular tissue-IOL interface in any specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study seems to confirm the sandwich theory of posterior capsule opacification in eyes with an IOL and suggests that fibronectin may be the major extracellular protein responsible for the attachment of hydrophobic soft acrylate (AcrySof(R)) IOLs to the capsular bag. This may represent a true bioactive bond between the IOL and lens epithelial cells or between the IOL and the capsular bag and may be one reason the PCO and neodymium:YAG capsulotomy rates are lower in eyes with a soft acrylate IOL.
authors.affiliation: SLP, Finnish Medical Care Ltd., Vaasa, Finland.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Linnola
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Escobar-Gomez
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Znoiko
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Apple
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism*; D002102:Cadaver; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D020878:Device Removal; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D011485:Protein Binding; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D000267:Tissue Adhesions; D019096:Vitronectin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005353:Fibronectins; D007797:Laminin; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D019096:Vitronectin; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D003094:Collagen; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate