title: Exaggerated neurogenic inflammation and substance P receptor upregulation in RSV-infected weanling rats.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in adult rats causes exaggerated inflammation after sensory nerve stimulation in the extrapulmonary, but not in the intrapulmonary airways. The goal of this study was to analyze neurogenic inflammation in weanling F-344 rats infected with RSV 18 +/- 2 d after birth. Five days after RSV inoculation, the extravasation of Evans blue-labeled albumin after nerve stimulation was significantly greater in the intrapulmonary airways of RSV-infected weanling rats than in pathogen-free control rats. In contrast, no difference was found in the extrapulmonary airways. The level of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the substance P (SP) receptor (neurokinin 1 [NK1]) increased fourfold in RSV-infected lungs, whereas mRNA encoding the VIPR1 receptor for the antiinflammatory vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) increased to a much lesser degree. mRNAs encoding the other neurokinin (NK2) and VIP (VIPR2) receptors were not affected by the virus. Selective inhibition of the NK1 receptor abolished neurogenic inflammation in RSV-infected intrapulmonary airways. Also, neurogenic inflammation and NK1 receptor upregulation in infected lungs were inhibited by prophylaxis with a monoclonal antibody against RSV. These data suggest that RSV lower respiratory tract infection makes the intrapulmonary airways of young rats abnormally susceptible to the proinflammatory effects of SP by selectively upregulating the expression of NK1 receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romaguera
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piedimonte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D020078:Neurogenic Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018041:Receptors, Neurokinin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013373:Substance P / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017931:DNA Primers; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010880:Piperidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1; D018041:Receptors, Neurokinin-2; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D013373:Substance P; C099414:(2S,3S)-2-phenyl-3-((5-trifluoromethoxy-2-methoxy)benzylamino)piperidine