title: Interleukin-2-dependent mechanisms are involved in the development of glomerulosclerosis after partial renal ablation in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glomerulosclerosis is a common feature of many end-stage renal diseases. The contribution of cellular immune mechanisms has been implicated in the development of glomerulosclerosis. We investigated whether the inhibition of lymphocyte activation influences this process in an established rat model of renal hyperfiltration.
  
  
  METHODS
  After removal of two-thirds of their respective kidney mass, rats were treated with either tacrolimus (0.08 mg/kg/day) or vehicle until the end of the study (n = 10/group). The rats were pair-fed and proteinuria was assessed regularly. Twenty weeks after nephrectomy, creatinine clearance and systemic blood pressure were determined, and kidneys were harvested for morphological, immunohistological and PCR analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control animals, renal function started to decline from week 12, as indicated by an elevated proteinuria. Interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-2 receptor synthesis was upregulated in control animals and inhibited by tacrolimus treatment. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta(1)), platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA levels were upregulated in control animals, but were significantly lower in immunosuppressed hosts. Additionally, tacrolimus treatment resulted in a significant reduction of proteinuria. Morphological analysis supported these functional results; glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy and intimal proliferation were more pronounced in controls than in the tacrolimus group. These morphological parameters were accompanied by reduced infiltration of CD5+ (rat T-cell marker) T cells, ED1+ (rat macrophage marker) macrophages, and less intense staining for laminin and fibronectin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A continuous treatment with tacrolimus - an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation - reduced the pace of glomerulosclerosis in the remnant kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hamar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peti-Peterdi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Flach
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosivall
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Heemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003404:Creatinine; D016559:Tacrolimus