title: Transcriptional regulation and function during the human cell cycle.
abstract: We report here the transcriptional profiling of the cell cycle on a genome-wide scale in human fibroblasts. We identified approximately 700 genes that display transcriptional fluctuation with a periodicity consistent with that of the cell cycle. Systematic analysis of these genes revealed functional organization within groups of coregulated transcripts. A diverse set of cytoskeletal reorganization genes exhibit cell-cycle-dependent regulation, indicating that biological pathways are redirected for the execution of cell division. Many genes involved in cell motility and remodeling of the extracellular matrix are expressed predominantly in M phase, indicating a mechanism for balancing proliferative and invasive cellular behavior. Transcripts upregulated during S phase displayed extensive overlap with genes induced by DNA damage; cell-cycle-regulated transcripts may therefore constitute coherent programs used in response to external stimuli. Our data also provide clues to biological function for hundreds of previously uncharacterized human genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Steinmetz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sapinoso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hampton
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Elledge
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lockhart
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate