title: Bladder tumor detection at virtual cystoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the utility of computed tomographic (CT) virtual cystoscopy in the detection of bladder tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients suspected or known to have bladder neoplasms underwent CT virtual and conventional cystoscopy. The bladder was insufflated with carbon dioxide through a Foley catheter. Helical CT of the bladder was then performed. The data were downloaded to a workstation for interactive intraluminal navigation. Two radiologists blinded to the results of conventional cystoscopy independently reviewed the transverse and virtual images, with consensus readings for cases with discrepant results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six (90%) of 40 bladder lesions proved at conventional cystoscopy were detected with a combination of transverse and virtual images. Four (10%) of 40 bladder lesions, all smaller than 5 mm, were undetected. Transverse and virtual images were complementary, since six polypoid lesions smaller than 5 mm depicted on the virtual images were not seen on the transverse images. In contrast, areas of wall thickening were more readily appreciated on transverse images. CT with patients in both supine and prone positions was necessary, since seven (19%) and five (14%) of 36 lesions were seen only on supine and prone images, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT virtual cystoscopy is a promising technique for use in bladder tumor detection of lesions larger than 5 mm. Optimal evaluation requires adequate bladder distention with the patient in both supine and prone positions and interpretation of both transverse and virtual images.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Radiology, University of Michigan Hospital, UH B2B311D/0030, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0030, USA. songjul@umich.edu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Cohan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohsin
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kielb
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korobkin
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Montie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014584:User-Computer Interface