Carcinoma in situ in the testis.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the testis is a common precursor of germ-cell tumours in adults and adolescents, with the exception of spermatocytic seminoma. This article reviews existing knowledge on the pathobiology, genetic aspects and epidemiology of CIS, discusses current hypotheses concerning pathogenesis and invasive progression of germ-cell neoplasms and provides guidelines for diagnosis and clinical management of CIS.
Rørth
M
M
Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark. mroerth@rh.dk
Rajpert-De Meyts
E
E
Andersson
L
L
Dieckmann
K P
KP
Fosså
S D
SD
Grigor
K M
KM
Hendry
W F
WF
Herr
H W
HW
Looijenga
L H
LH
Oosterhuis
J W
JW
Skakkebaek
N E
NE
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor