title: Effect of extracellular calcium on the gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -4 of normal human bone cells.
abstract: A high extracellular calcium level inhibits the formation of osteoclast-like cells and stimulates osteoblastic proliferation, indicating that extracellular calcium plays an important role in the process of bone remodeling. The present study examined the effects of a high extracellular calcium level on mRNA levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and -4, which are well-documented osteoinductive proteins, and the differentiation of normal human mandible-derived bone cells in vitro. High extracellular calcium significantly increased cell proliferation at an optimal dose of 0.4mM CaCl2 added to control medium containing 1.8 mM CaCl2. The addition of 0.1-0.4mM CaCl2 markedly increased the mRNA levels of BMP-2 and -4 following incubation for 0.5 and 24 h as evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. While an increased extracellular calcium level (addition of 0.1-1.2mM CaCl2) failed to increase alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin secretion, it did significantly increase type I collagen synthesis, monitored by the production of procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide. These results indicate that the extracellular calcium level regulates BMPs and type I collagen synthesis in osteoblastic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nakade
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takuma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525809:BMP4 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002122:Calcium Chloride