title: Women with a history of gestational diabetes of European and South Asian origin are shorter than women with normal glucose tolerance in pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been reported that short individuals are more likely to have abnormalities of glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between adult height and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), taking into account possible artefactual or confounding explanations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and forty-six women with previous GDM (169 European, 102 South Asian, 75 Afro-Caribbean) and 470 control women with no previous history of GDM (282 European, 94 South Asian and 94 Afro-Caribbean) were studied. Post-partum glucose status and height were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  European and South Asian women with previous GDM were shorter than control women from the same ethnic groups (European: (mean +/- SD) 162.9 +/- 6.1 vs. 165.3 +/- 6.8 cm, P < 0.0001; South Asian: 155.2 +/- 5.4 vs. 158.2 +/- 6.3 cm, P = 0.003, adjusted for age). A similar, but non-significant trend was observed among Afro-Caribbean women (162.2 +/- 6.2 vs. 163.7 +/- 6.1 cm, P = 0.1). Similar, significant height differences were observed in Europeans and South Asians when analysis was restricted to those GDM women who had received insulin during pregnancy. There was no association between height and glucose tolerance postpartum within the GDM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  European and South Asian women with previous GDM are shorter than control women from the same ethnic groups. The data demonstrate that this is unlikely to be an artefact resulting from the use of an fixed 75 g load in women of differing sizes, and suggest that there are likely to be common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying GDM and the determination of final adult height.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kousta
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penny
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Millauer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McCarthy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000208:ethnology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005060:Europe / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008131:London; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000097:blood*; D044469:Racial Groups; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose