title: Changing patterns of sedation use for routine out-patient diagnostic gastroscopy between 1989 and 1998.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Knowledge of sedation trends for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is important for health service planning, particularly in view of rapidly increasing demands on endoscopy services. However, no data are available on sedation trends in Britain over the past 10 years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine sedation use for routine gastroscopy in a single endoscopy unit between 1989 and 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 9795 consecutive adults (mean age 56 years, range 18-100 years; 4512 females) who had undergone a gastroscopy between 1989 and 1998. Clinical, pharmacological and endoscopic data were retrieved from a computerized database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 10-year study period, the sedation rate remained constant for patients undergoing therapeutic endoscopy (P=0.99) and those undergoing in-patient diagnostic examinations (P=0.63). In contrast, the sedation rate for out-patient diagnostic endoscopy decreased by 54%, from a high of 70% in 1990 to 32% in 1998 (P < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the decline in sedation use was greater in females (P < 0.0001) than males and in procedures performed by non-consultant compared to consultant staff (P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If our results form part of a national trend, they will have important implications for cardiopulmonary monitoring strategies, recovery room practices and for complication rates due to the use of sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Research Centre, St Bartholomew's and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK. hemulc@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Mulcahy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Patchett
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farthing
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fairclough
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D019719:Diagnostic Equipment; D019937:Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies