title: Open study of low-dose amitriptyline in the treatment of patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant agent with anticholinergic and serotoninergic properties has been used empirically in the treatment of idiopathic fecal incontinence with good results.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open study was conducted to test the response to amitriptyline 20 mg daily for four weeks by 18 patients (2 males) of median age 66 years with idiopathic fecal incontinence Incontinence scores, number of bowel movements, computerized ambulatory anorectal pressures, and pudendal nerve terminal motor latencies were evaluated before and after four weeks of therapy. Twenty-four control subjects (10 males) of median age 61 years were also assessed
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amitriptyline improved incontinence scores (median pretreatment score = 16 vs. median posttreatment score = 3; P < 0.001) and reduced the number of bowel movements per day (P < 0.001). Amitriptyline also decreased the frequency (median pretreatment frequency = 4.5 per hour vs. median immediate posttreatment frequency = 1.2 per hour (P < 0.05); control median frequency = 0.3 per hour) and the amplitude of rectal motor complexes (median pretreatment rectal pressure = 94 cm H2O vs. median immediate posttreatment rectal pressure = 58 cm H2O (P < 0.05); control median rectal pressure = 36 cm H2O) and improved anal pressures during these events (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amitriptyline improved symptoms in 89 percent of patients with fecal incontinence. The data support that the major change with amitriptyline is a decrease in the amplitude and frequency of rectal motor complexes. The second conclusion is that drug increases colonic transit time and leads to the formation of a firmer stool that is passed less frequently. These in combination may be the source of the improvement in continence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: B Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Eitan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pryde
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bartolo
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011336:Probability; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000639:Amitriptyline