title: Mono Mac 1: a new in vitro model system to study HIV-1 infection in human cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series.
abstract: Throughout the years, most researchers have used continuous cell lines as in vitro models to evaluate the immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Unfortunately, the most commonly used monocytoid malignant cells have not been shown to adequately mimic primary human monocyte-derived macrophages, at least with respect to HIV-1 infection. The Mono Mac 1 cell line has been defined as a model system for studying biochemical, immunological, and genetic functions of human cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. In this study, we have investigated whether Mono Mac 1 represents an in vitro culture system for HIV-1 infection. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that Mono Mac 1 are positive for the HIV-1 primary receptor (CD4), as well as for the coreceptors (CXCR4, CCR5, and CCR3). Infectivity experiments conducted with recombinant luciferase-encoding and fully infectious viruses demonstrated that Mono Mac 1 can support a highly productive infection with both macrophage- and dual-tropic isolates of HIV-1. Furthermore, differentiation of such cells led to a marked increase in virus production. Data from semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and mobility shift assays indicated that enhanced virus production in differentiated Mono Mac 1 cells was most likely related to an increase in nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. Mono Mac 1 can thus be considered as a human monocytoid cell line representing a proper in vitro system for studying the complex interactions between HIV-1 and cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavilion CHUL, and Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Canada.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Genois
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Robichaud
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000032:analysis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000032:analysis; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000821:virology*; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: C515350:CCR3 protein, human; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate