title: Adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer: timing of wild-type p53 gene expression in vivo and effect of tumor transduction on survival in a rat glioma brachytherapy model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to investigate modification of the radiation response in a rat 9L brain tumor model in vivo by the wild-type p53 gene (wtp53). Determination of the timing and dose of radiation therapy required the assessment of the duration of the effect of wtp53 expression on 9L tumors after in vivo transfection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthetized male F-344 rats each were stereotactically inoculated with 4 x 10(4) 9L gliosarcoma cells through a skull screw into the cerebrum in the right frontal region. Twelve-day-old tumors were inoculated through the screw with recombinant adenoviral vectors under isoflurane anaesthesia: control rats with Ad5/RSV/GL2 (carrying the luciferase gene), and study rats with Ad5CMV-p53 (carrying the wtp53 gene). Brain tumors removed at specific times after transfection were measured, homogenized, and lysed and wtp53 expression determined by Western blot analysis. Four groups of nine rats were, subsequently, implanted with iodine-125 seeds 15 days post-tumor inoculation to give a minimum tumor dose of 40 or 60 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated transfer of wtp53 into rat 9L tumors in vivo using the Ad5CMV-p53 vector. The expression of wtp53 was demonstrated to be maximum between days 1 and 3 post-vector inoculation. Tumors expressing wtp53 were smaller than controls transfected with Ad5/RSV/GL2 but this difference was not statistically significant. Radiation made a significant difference to the survival of tumor-bearing rats. Moreover, wtp53 expression conferred a significant additional survival advantage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of wtp53 significantly improves the survival of irradiated tumor-bearing rats in our model.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, The Toronto Western Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bampoe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hubbard
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salhia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rutka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001918:Brachytherapy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002455:Cell Division; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors