Induction of DNA replication in adult rat neurons by deregulation of the retinoblastoma/E2F G1 cell cycle pathway.
In adult organisms, a range of proliferative capacities are exhibited by different cell types. Stem cell populations in many tissues readily enter the cell cycle when presented with serum growth factors or other proliferative cues, whereas "terminally" postmitotic cells, such as cardiac myocytes and neurons, fail to do so. Although they rarely show evidence of a proliferative capacity in vivo, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that DNA synthesis can be triggered in postmitotic cells. We now show that cultured adult rat sensory neurons can replicate DNA in response to ectopic expression of E2F1 or E2F2 and that this is augmented by expression of cyclin-dependent kinase activities. We also find that addition of serum and laminin inhibits the E2F-induced S-phase in neurons but not in nonneuronal cells in the same cultures. We conclude that, although terminally differentiated neurons possess the capacity to reinitiate DNA replication in response to G1 regulatory activities, they fail to do so in the presence of signals that do not inhibit S-phase in other cell types in the same cultures. This suggests the existence of cell type-specific inhibitory pathways induced by these signals.
Smith
D S
DS
Department of Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Leone
G
G
DeGregori
J
J
Ahmed
M N
MN
Qumsiyeh
M B
MB
Nevins
J R
JR
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017502:Adenovirus E2 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D050703:E2F2 Transcription Factor; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000235:genetics*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007797:Laminin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; D013997:Time Factors; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D017502:Adenovirus E2 Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D050703:E2F2 Transcription Factor; C493755:E2f1 protein, rat; D007797:Laminin; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine