title: The role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in children with persistent or suspicious lymphadenopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was (1) To determine the value of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in children with persistent or suspicious peripheral lymphadenopathy and (2) to analyze whether a history of previous malignancy influenced the accuracy of FNAC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study in an Academic Children's Hospital of 73 FNACs of peripheral lymph nodes in 64 patients (35 boys and 29 girls; median age, 9 years; range, 15 months to 20 years) was performed between 1992 and 1997. Eleven patients were excluded because aspirated material appeared inadequate. Outcome was compared with results of subsequent surgical biopsies, clinical follow-up, or both. Patients were divided into group A "de novo" lymphadenopathy (n = 39) and group B lymphadenopathy and a history of previous malignancy (n = 23).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A: FNAC showed a benign diagnosis in 25 cases, a malignancy in 13, and was inconclusive in 1. Outcome was false-negative in 2 and false-positive in 1. Sensitivity and specificity were 86% and 96%, respectively. FNAC helped avoid additional surgical procedures in 27 cases (61%). However, if FNAC showed malignant lymphoma, open biopsy was inevitable (8 of 13) to establish proper classification. Group B: FNAC showed a benign diagnosis in 10 cases and a malignancy in 13. Outcome was false-negative in 1, and false-positive in 1. Sensitivity and specificity were 92% and 90%, respectively. FNAC helped avoid additional surgical diagnostic procedures in 25 cases (86%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Fine-needle aspiration cytology is a rapid, simple and accurate diagnostic procedure to differentiate between benign and malignant peripheral lymphadenopathy in children. FNAC can avoid open biopsy in at least 60% of cases. (2) A history of previous malignant disease does not influence the accuracy of the test.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatrics, and Pathology, Emma Children's Hospital AMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van de Schoot
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Aronson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Behrendt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bras
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity