title: Patterns of initiation of sex and drug-related activities among urban low-income African-American adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the pattern of adolescent's involvement in drug-related behaviors and sexual initiation, and its relationship with: (a) age and gender, (b) sensation- seeking, (c) perceptions of peer and family risk involvement, and (d) involvement in high-risk sexual behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and sixty-one urban African-American youth, aged 9 to 15 years at baseline, who were sexually experienced by the end of the 4-year study interval. The longitudinal assessment (4 years) was focused on: (a) alcohol use, illicit drug use, and drug trafficking; (b) high-risk sex; (c) propensity to sensation seeking; and (d) perceived peer and family risk involvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Involvement increased over the 4-year study interval such that over half of the adolescents reported use of alcohol and/or use of marijuana in the final assessment period. For each of the three drug-related activities examined, the largest proportion of youth who engaged in sexual intercourse never engaged in drug-related activity, and the next largest proportion initiated sexual involvement before drug use. Sensation-seeking scores, which were relatively stable across time, were lower among girls, and also were lower among youth who remained uninvolved in drug-related behaviors. For all three drug-related behaviors, rates of high-risk sex were higher among youth who initiated both sex and drugs, and were lower among youth who reported engaging only in sex. Although youth who did eventually initiate drug use had higher perceived levels of family and peer drug use compared to those who remained uninvolved, these perceptions did not contribute directly to high-risk sexual behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Youth who will become both sexually active and involved with drugs during adolescence are especially vulnerable to involvement in high-risk sexual behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-9214, USA. xli@hsc.wvu.edu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stanton
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pack
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaljee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017677:Age Distribution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012309:Risk-Taking; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data