Transcriptional regulation and function during the human cell cycle.
We report here the transcriptional profiling of the cell cycle on a genome-wide scale in human fibroblasts. We identified approximately 700 genes that display transcriptional fluctuation with a periodicity consistent with that of the cell cycle. Systematic analysis of these genes revealed functional organization within groups of coregulated transcripts. A diverse set of cytoskeletal reorganization genes exhibit cell-cycle-dependent regulation, indicating that biological pathways are redirected for the execution of cell division. Many genes involved in cell motility and remodeling of the extracellular matrix are expressed predominantly in M phase, indicating a mechanism for balancing proliferative and invasive cellular behavior. Transcripts upregulated during S phase displayed extensive overlap with genes induced by DNA damage; cell-cycle-regulated transcripts may therefore constitute coherent programs used in response to external stimuli. Our data also provide clues to biological function for hundreds of previously uncharacterized human genes.
Cho
R J
RJ
Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Huang
M
M
Campbell
M J
MJ
Dong
H
H
Steinmetz
L
L
Sapinoso
L
L
Hampton
G
G
Elledge
S J
SJ
Davis
R W
RW
Lockhart
D J
DJ
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate