title: Antagonistic and synergistic effects of combined treatment with interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 on mixed retinal cell cultures.
abstract: Cytokines play a fundamental role during development of the nervous system. In this work we demonstrate the effect of IL-2 and IL-4 on [(3)H]choline uptake by retinal cells in vitro. Treatments with both interleukins induced a twofold increase on [(3)H]choline uptake. This effect was dose- and time-dependent and inhibited by specific antibodies as well as by inhibition either of protein kinase C or tyrosine kinase activity or of the cytoplasmatic calcium level increase. A synergistic effect was obtained with low concentration of IL-2 (5 U ml(-1)) and IL-4 (0.5 U ml(-1)). However, high concentrations of IL-2 (50 U ml(-1)) and IL-4 (5 U ml(-1)) elicited an antagonistic effect. Our data indicate an important role for interleukins during retinal development.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurobiologia, Programa de Neuroimunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Centro de Estudos Gerais, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CP# 100180, RJ 24001-970 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sholl-Franco
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paes-de-Carvalho
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: de Araujo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002794:Choline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D006426:Hemicholinium 3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002614:Chelating Agents; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014316:Tritium; C070379:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester; D015847:Interleukin-4; D006426:Hemicholinium 3; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D019833:Genistein; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002794:Choline; D002118:Calcium