title: Use of hematopoietic progenitors in whole blood to support dose-dense chemotherapy: a randomized phase II trial in small-cell lung cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is exquisitely chemosensitive, but few patients are cured by conventional chemoradiotherapy. Recent studies suggest that increased cytotoxic dose-intensity might improve survival. In this randomized phase II study, we tested the feasibility of dose intensification using sequential reinfusion of hematopoietic progenitors in whole blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  SCLC patients with a favorable prognosis were treated with six cycles of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE), at 4-week (standard treatment) or 2-week (intensified treatment) intervals. Intensified treatment was supported by daily subcutaneous filgrastim injections and reinfusion of 750 mL of autologous blood collected immediately before each cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty consecutive patients were randomized to standard (n = 25) or intensified (n = 25) ICE. A total of 94% completed at least three treatment cycles, and 70% completed six cycles; 96% of treatments were given at full dose. The planned dose-intensity was 1.0 for standard and 2.0 for intensified ICE. The median received dose-intensity for cycles 1 through 3 was 0.99 (range, 0.33 to 1.02) for the standard treatment arm and 1.80 (range, 0.99 to 1.97) for the intensified treatment arm (P <.001). Over all six cycles, the median received dose-intensity was 0.95 (range, 0.17 to 1.03) for the standard treatment arm and 1.60 (range, 0.60 to 2.01) for the intensified treatment arm (P <.001). Febrile neutropenia was more common on the standard treatment arm (84% v 56%), resulting in more days of intravenous antibiotics (median, 10 v 3 days; P =.035). Transfusion requirements were similar in the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sequential reinfusion of hematopoietic progenitors in whole blood can safely support substantial increases in dose-intensity of ICE chemotherapy for SCLC.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Campaign Department of Clinical Oncology, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK. penella.woll@nott.ac.uk
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Woll
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thatcher
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lomax
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodgetts
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simms
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pettengell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D015080:Mesna / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D010976:Platelet Count; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D005047:Etoposide; D016190:Carboplatin; D015080:Mesna; D007069:Ifosfamide