title: E2Fs regulate the expression of genes involved in differentiation, development, proliferation, and apoptosis.
abstract: The retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and its two relatives, p107 and p130, regulate development and cell proliferation in part by inhibiting the activity of E2F-regulated promoters. We have used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to identify genes in which expression changed in response to activation of E2F1, E2F2, and E2F3. We show that the E2Fs control the expression of several genes that are involved in cell proliferation. We also show that the E2Fs regulate a number of genes involved in apoptosis, differentiation, and development. These results provide possible genetic explanations to the variety of phenotypes observed as a consequence of a deregulated pRB/E2F pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20141 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bracken
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vernell
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Moroni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Christians
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grassilli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prosperini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vigo
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Oliner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Helin
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D050703:E2F2 Transcription Factor; D050699:E2F3 Transcription Factor; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000502:physiology; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000502:physiology; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; C493753:E2F1 protein, human; D050703:E2F2 Transcription Factor; C493761:E2F2 protein, human; D050699:E2F3 Transcription Factor; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors