title: Clinical presentation, endoscopic features, and treatment of gastric metastases from breast carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy in women. Metastatic involvement of the stomach is not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endoscopic features and treatment options were evaluated retrospectively for 51 patients with gastric metastases of breast carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presenting sites of metastases were skeleton (43%), stomach (27%), lung (8%), and liver (4%). Diagnosis of gastric involvement was histologically confirmed in 41 patients and based on endoscopic features, despite negative biopsies in 10 patients. Six patients (12%) presented with nonfatal hemorrhage; in the others, symptoms were nonspecific: anorexia (71%), epigastric pain (53%), and vomiting (41%). Endoscopy showed 3 patterns: 18% localized lesions, 57% diffuse infiltration, and 25% external compression at the cardia or pylorus. Histology showed mainly lobular breast carcinoma (n = 36) compared with ductal carcinoma (n = 10) and other types (n = 5), contrary to the usual distribution. The overall response to systemic therapy was 46% (17 of 37 treated patients). Median survival from detection of gastric metastases was 10 months, with a 2-year survival rate of 23%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastric metastases usually derive from lobular rather than ductal breast carcinoma. Endoscopy revealed mainly a diffuse linitis plastica-like infiltration. Chemotherapy or hormonal treatment may result in fair palliation in selected patients, although many patients are heavily pretreated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoekhuis, Amsterdam. b_taal@NKI.NL
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Taal
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peterse
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome