title: [Surgical treatment of pancreatic carcinoma. Our experience].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, pancreatic exocrine carcinoma presents high mortality, poor survival after curative surgery and poor resectability rates at the time of diagnosis. The factors which mostly influence prognosis and therapeutic management (curative surgery or palliative treatments) of the patient affected by pancreatic carcinoma, particularly the peroperative stage, are analyzed and discussed in this article.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1969 to 1997, 142 patients with pancreatic ductal carcinoma were admitted to our Department: at the time of diagnosis only 32 patients (22.5%) were considered resectable, and 30 pancreaticoduodenectomies (PD), 1 distal pancreatectomy (DP) and 1 total pancreatectomy (TP) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative morbidity and mortality was 53.1% and 12.5% respectively; the survival at 1, 3 and 5 years was 45.5%, 36.4% and 17.6% respectively. The worst prognosis was seen in N+ and T4 patients, with a mean survival of 9 and 10 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of these results and of the literature, the indications for curative surgery, the operative strategy and the lymphoadenectomy extension are discussed: these problems are still open and not resolved definitively. The authors conclude by indicating the need for curative surgery for T1/2 N0 M0 tumors: for T3/4 and/or N+ tumors a careful evaluation of single case is necessary, because of high risk/benefit rate. Pancreatic resections (PD, DP) and standard lymphoadenectomy (D1) are performed by the authors, rather than total pancreatectomy and radical lymphadenectomy (D2-3).
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chirurgia Generale e Specialità Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi, Siena.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Testi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coratti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorenzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poggialini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spagnulo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Terreni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Picchianti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanoni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mancini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000379:methods; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome