title: Analysis of cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein in cerebrospinal fluid From patients With spinal diseases.
abstract: METHODS
  The expression of cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein (CD-RAP) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with spinal diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the levels of CD-RAP in human cerebrospinal fluid and to clarify its character.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein is a newly discovered, secreted molecule that is expressed during the chondrogenesis phase of endochondral bone formation and in articular cartilage. In recent studies CD-RAP has been detected in the serum of patients with melanoma and breast cancer, and it has been used to monitor tumor activity. However, the function of CD-RAP is unknown, and the expression of CD-RAP in human cerebrospinal fluid has never been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  The concentration of CD-RAP in human cerebrospinal fluid was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antihuman CD-RAP antibodies. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from two groups of patients. Group 1, the control group, consisted of 40 patients: 22 with trauma and 18 with gynecologic diseases. Group 2 consisted of 172 patients with spinal diseases: 5 with meningioma, 5 with neurinoma, 5 with arachnoid cyst, 30 with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, 35 with lumbar disc herniation, 56 with lumbar canal stenosis, and 36 with scoliosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration of CD-RAP in the control group was 16.5 +/- 8.3 ng/mL. The concentrations of CD-RAP in Group 2 were: 35.3 +/- 14.7 ng/mL in meningioma, 23.5 +/- 7.41 ng/mL in neurinoma, 26.0 +/- 22.2 ng/mL in arachnoid cyst, 41.7 +/- 22.3 ng/mL in cervical myelopathy, 27.8 +/- 14.7 ng/mL in lumbar disc herniation, 36.5 +/- 18.4 ng/mL in lumbar canal stenosis, and 13.4 +/- 7.48 ng/mL in scoliosis. The concentrations of CD-RAP in cervical myelopathy, lumbar canal stenosis, and lumbar disc herniation were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CD-RAP concentration was low in the control group, whereas it was significantly higher in spinal diseases that cause spinal stenosis. CD-RAP is expressed in cerebrospinal fluid as a result of damage to or stressing of neural structures and could be a marker for spinal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. naoki-n.med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Natsume
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inou
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sandell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C090059:MIA protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins