title: Lansoprazole in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in childhood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acid suppressive therapy is the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Use of proton pump inhibitors in children is still limited and has only included omeprazole in a few controlled studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine efficacy of lansoprazole, a relatively new proton pump inhibitor, on symptoms and oesophagitis in a group of children with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease refractory to H2 receptor antagonists. The required dose of the drug for inhibiting gastric acidity was also determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of 35 children (median age: 7.6 years, range: 3-15) with oesophagitis refractory to H2 receptor antagonists received a 12-week therapeutic course with lansoprazole. Prior to the study children underwent symptomatic and endoscopic assessment, oesophageal manometry and 24-hour intragastric and intra-oesophageal pH test. The latter was repeated after one week of therapy while patients were on treatment in order to monitor the degree of acid suppression and adjust the dose of the drug. Symptomatic assessment and endoscopy were repeated at the end of the trial
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 12 patients (group A), the initial dose of the drug was efficacious (1.3 to 1.5 mg/kg/day), whereas in 23 [group B) the initial dose (0.8 to 1.0 mg/kg/day) was increased by half because of insufficient inhibition of intragastric acidity (i.e., when the intra-gastric pH remained below 4.0 for more than 50% of the recording time). Nine patients in group A (75%) and 8 in group B (53.5%) healed (chi2: 3.6, p<0.05); 1 patient in group A [8.3%) and 7 in group B (30.5%) remained unchanged (chi2: 6.9, p<0.01); 2 patients in group A and 8 in group B improved and underwent a further month of therapy. The two groups did not differ as far as concerns baseline pH, endoscopic and clinical variables. In both groups, those patients failing to respond at the end of the trial showed a more impaired oesophageal motility than improved or healed patients. The drug was well tolerated and no significant laboratory abnormalities occurred. In children with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease refractory to H2 receptor antagonists, a 12-week course of lansoprazole is effective both in healing oesophagitis and improving symptoms. An initial dose of 1.5 mg/kg/day of the drug is suggested. However, if during treatment, patients remain symptomatic the dose should be increased and a prolonged intra-gastric and intra-oesophageal pH test performed to evaluate the acid suppression efficacy of the adjusted dose. A short course of lansoprazole appears to be safe and well tolerated in paediatric age.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Motility and Endoscopy, Clinical Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salvia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Terrin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spadaro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Iula
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cucchiara
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D064747:Lansoprazole; D008297:Male; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D064747:Lansoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole