title: Hypotensive interaction of sildenafil and nicorandil in rats through the cGMP pathway but not by K(ATP) channel activation.
abstract: The possibility that sildenafil citrate can potentiate nicorandil-induced hypotension by increasing cGMP levels of vascular smooth muscle cells was examined using anesthetized rats and isolated aortas. In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, more than 0.3 mg/kg of sildenafil (i.v.) potentiated intra-aortic (i.Ao.) administration of nitroglycerin-induced hypotension. Hypotension due to nicorandil (100 microg/kg, i.Ao.) was potentiated by sildenafil (1 mg/kg, i.v.), even after glibenclamide treatment, although pinacidil-induced hypotension was not reinforced. Hypotensive responses to neither nitroglycerin (3 microg/kg, i.v.) nor nicorandil (100 microg/kg, i.v.) were potentiated by sildenafil, however. Increases in femoral blood flow due to nitroglycerin (0.1-3 microg, i.a.) were potentiated significantly by sildenafil, but those due to nicorandil (1-30 microg, i.a.) were not. Isolated rat aortas precontracted with phenylephrine were dilated dose-dependently using nicorandil, nitroglycerin, pinacidil or sildenafil. The relaxant effect due to nicorandil and nitroglycerin was reinforced significantly by pretreatment with an ineffective concentration of sildenafil (10(-8) M), but pinacidil was not. After ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) completely blocked relaxation by nicorandil, sildenafil did not increase relaxation. These findings suggest that combination of sildenafil with nicorandil, as well as with nitroglycerin, potentiates the hypotensive response by augmentation of vasodilatation. Synergism of vasodilatation may be linked with NO action, but not with K(ATP) channel-activation.
authors.affiliation: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Product Research Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan. ishizukanbh@chugai-pharm.co.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology*; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004357:Drug Synergism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020108:Nicorandil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D011687:Purines; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D020108:Nicorandil; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; C517384:Pde5a protein, rat; D006152:Cyclic GMP