title: Response of visceral peritoneum to abdominal surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative adhesion formation has been associated with a reduced capacity to degrade fibrin within the peritoneal cavity. Peritoneal fibrinolytic capacity has been shown to decrease during the course of a surgical operation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), a key fibrinolytic enzyme, is released into the peritoneal cavity during operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluid released from the serosal surface of the small bowel was collected in a plastic bag from 16 patients undergoing surgery. Intraoperative blood samples were also taken from seven patients. Concentrations of the fibrinolytic components tPA and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), tPA activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) concentration were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraoperative tPA concentrations were significantly raised in the peritoneal fluid collected compared with peripheral blood levels (P = 0.008). This resulted in a significantly higher tPA activity in the fluid compared with blood (P = 0.001). However, neither uPA (P = 0.29) nor PAI-1 (P = 0.84) concentrations differed significantly in fluid compared with blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that tPA is rapidly released by the visceral peritoneum during abdominal surgery. The different concentrations in peripheral blood and peritoneum suggest that tPA is released from the peritoneum by an active process, and does not solely derive from leakage of plasma.
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Göteborg University, S-41685 Göteborg, Sweden. ml.ivarsson@telia.com
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmdahl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*; D014781:Viscera
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator