title: Effect of administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before surgery on renal function in clinically normal dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate renal function in clinically normal dogs undergoing general anesthesia for ovariohysterectomies that received nonsteriodal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) before surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 clinically normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  After induction of anesthesia, dogs were given an analgesic. Renal function was assessed before surgery and 24 and 48 hours after surgery by means of serum urea and creatinine concentrations, fractional clearance of sodium (FC(Na)), urine gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, and urine analysis. Ten dogs in each of 4 groups received ketorolac tromethamine (0.5 mg/kg of body weight), ketoprofen (1 mg/kg), carprofen (4 mg/kg), or morphine (0.1 mg/kg; control group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Duration of general anesthesia ranged from 1.75 to 5 hours, with a mean of 3 hours. Two ketorolac- and 2 ketoprofen-treated dogs had transient azotemia. A significant decrease in the FC(Na) between before surgery and 24 hours after surgery, and between before surgery and 48 hours after surgery, was found in ketoprofen- and carprofen-treated dogs. Ketorolac-, ketoprofen-, and morphine-treated dogs had a decrease in urine specific gravity. Two ketorolac, 1 ketoprofen-, 1 carprofen-, and 4 morphine-treated dogs had increases in renal tubular epithelial cells on urine sediment examination 24 hours after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In clinically normal dogs undergoing general anesthesia and elective surgery, the use of NSAID as analgesics is not contraindicated. Compared with ketorolac or ketoprofen, carprofen had the least effect on renal function and integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Lobetti
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Joubert
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012016:Reference Values; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014508:Urea; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase