title: Inhibition of p38 MAPK alpha/beta reduces ischemic injury and does not block protective effects of preconditioning.
abstract: We examined the effect of inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) alpha/beta during ischemia and preconditioning by using the inhibitor SB-202190. Isolated rat hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer, while left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were acquired continuously. After 20 min of ischemia and 25 min of reperfusion, recovery of LVDP in untreated hearts was 32 +/- 4%, whereas hearts treated with SB-202190 5 min before ischemia recovered 59 +/- 7% of their pretreatment LVDP. Preconditioning improved functional recovery to 65 +/- 5%, which was unaffected by SB-202190 treatment, added either throughout the preconditioning protocol (56 +/- 5% recovery) or during the final reperfusion period of preconditioning (71 +/- 11% recovery). Necrosis was assessed after 40 min of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and creatine kinase release. The untreated group had 54 +/- 8% necrotic myocardium, whereas the SB-202190-treated group had 32 +/- 7% and the preconditioned group had 21 +/- 4% necrotic tissue by TTC staining.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steenbergen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006019:Glycolysis; D006339:Heart Rate; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C090942:4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole