title: Effects of dietary Cd and Cu on feeding and growth rates of the landsnail Helix engaddensis.
abstract: Effects of dietary cadmium and copper on feeding and growth rates of adult Helix engaddensis snails were studied for a 1-month period. The concentrations of cadmium were 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 microg Cd/g dry food, while those of copper were 0, 4, 20, 100, 500, and 2500 microg Cu/g dry food. Both metals inhibited feeding and growth rates significantly after 1 week and 3 weeks of exposure to Cd and Cu, respectively. Inhibition caused by Cd was found to be irreversible, which indicates toxicity, while that of Cu was reversible, indicating starvation because snails identified and refused to consume contaminated food. After 4 weeks of exposure, the NOEC of Cd was 50 microg/g and the LOEC was 100 microg/g, while those for Cu were 20 and 100 microg/g, respectively. EC50,75,90,100 (growth and feeding) values were calculated, and indicated that H. engaddensis snails are suitable for short-term toxicity bioassays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine. kswaileh@birzeit.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Swaileh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ezzughayyar
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003300:Copper / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006372:Helix, Snails / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper