title: Infratentorial traumatic brain hemorrhage: may outcome be predicted by initial GCS?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Overall prognosis of nonpenetrating traumatic brain hemorrhage may be predicted by neurologic function days after insult. The relationship between immediate function and outcome has not been examined for infratentorial traumatic brain hemmorhage (iTBH) identified on computed tomographic (CT) scan. Given the severity of brain stem injury, it is conceivable that immediate function may be predictive.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 1,500 brain injuries occurring at our institution identified 18 patients (1.2%) with iTBH on CT scan (eight brain stem, five cerebellum, five both). Demographics, supratentorial injuries, and outcome at 6 months (Glasgow Outcome Scale) were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in 11 patients was less than 5 (group I). Seven patients had GCS scores greater than or equal to 6 (group II). Nine patients in group I either died or were vegetative. In group II, one died; none were vegetative (p < 0.02). Regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between initial GCS and Glasgow Outcome Scale scores at 6 months for all patients (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that initial GCS score may be predictive of long-term outcome in patients with CT scan evidence of iTBH-a relationship to be explored further for prognostic information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, California, USA.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewen
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Matz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020201:Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002140:California; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome