title: Development of transplanted fetal bones: differences between isografts and allografts in mice.
abstract: Allogeneic bone from bone banks frequently is used when large skeletal defects have to be bridged in orthopaedic surgery. Beside immunologic rejection of the graft, the loss in osteogenic potential caused by bone banking procedures may be a major reason for limited clinical success. Similar problems as described for bone have occurred with cartilage and osteochondral transplants. Improving the properties of allogenic bone so that its biologic activity becomes comparable to autologous bone could be substantially beneficial for the outcome of allograft transplantation. To dissect the steps involved in the integration of a fetal osteochondral graft as it matures to bone, the current study compared the development and biologic function of metatarsals from 18-day-old fetal mice freshly transplanted in three different immunologic settings. Morphologic assessment of (1) isografts and (2) allografts in nonsensitized hosts 12 days after transplantation revealed that the grafts bear an intrinsic potential to develop after transplantation. In allografts in nonsensitized hosts, however, a slight alteration in biologic activity as compared with isografts could be detected already in this early phase after transplantation by in situ hybridization for messenger ribonucleic acids encoding extracellular matrix proteins. (3) In contrast to isografts and allografts in nonsensitized hosts, morphologic features and biologic function of allografts transplanted to presensitized hosts were altered severely.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,  University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fraitzl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leunig
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Demhartner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sckell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ganz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D007114:Immunization; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C546872:Ibsp protein, mouse; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D003094:Collagen; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase