title: Simultaneous analysis of clivorine and its four microsomal metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A specific high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed for a simultaneously qualitative and quantitative determination of clivorine, a hepatotoxic otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid, and its four putative hepatotoxicity-related metabolites, namely dehydroretronecine, 7-glutathionyldehydroretronecine, 7,9-diglutathionyldehydroretronecine, and clivoric acid, generated in rat microsomal incubation. This simultaneous determination was conducted by a direct analysis of aliquots of the supernatant of incubates using a specific two-column set-up. Impurities in the supernatant were firstly eluted out from the first PRP-1 guard column (50x4.1 mm) during an initial 5 min washing period with isocratic elution by mobile phase A (0.2% formic acid at pH 3.4 adjusted by ammonia). Subsequently, the guard column was then connected to the second PRP-1 analytical column (250x4.6 mm) and analytes were separated by a gradient elution with mobile phases A and B (acetonitrile). The assay provided good reproducibility and accuracy for all analytes tested with less than 12% of overall intra- and inter-day variations and higher than 87% of overall accuracy. This developed method was successfully applied to determine the intact clivorine and its four metabolites generated in rat microsomal incubation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, SAR.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; C028677:clivorine