title: Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen by a rapid immunochromatographic assay in urine samples.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of a newly available rapid (15 min) immunochromatographic membrane test (ICT) to detect Streptococcus pneumoniae in urine samples, in order to assess its utility in the diagnosis of bacteremic and nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied urine samples from 51 patients with bacteremic and nonbacteremic pneumonia due to S pneumoniae diagnosed by blood culture and pneumococcal polysaccharide capsular antigen detection by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in urine samples, 16 patients with probable pneumococcal pneumonia, 71 patients with nonpneumococcal pneumonia, and 16 patients with pneumonia but no pathogen identified. Urine samples were collected and frozen at - 20 degrees C until used. The ICT test was performed following the instructions of the manufacturer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S. pneumoniae antigen was detected in 41 of 51 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia (80.4%); results were positive in 23 of 28 bacteremic cases (82.1%) and in 18 of 23 nonbacteremic cases (78.3%). From patients with a diagnosis of presumptive pneumococcal pneumonia, antigen was detected in seven urine samples (43.7%) and also in one case of the 16 patients with pneumonia but no pathogen identified. The specificity of the ICT test was 97.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ICT assay is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia, especially for the nonbacteremic cases.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Facultat de Medicina de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. jadoming@ns.hugtip.scs.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galí
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pedroso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prat
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Matas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ausina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C027158:polysaccharide C-substance (Streptococcus)