title: Comparison of GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 mRNA and the subcellular distribution of their proteins in normal human muscle.
abstract: Basal, "insulin-independent" glucose uptake into skeletal muscle is provided by glucose transporters positioned at the plasma membrane. The relative amount of the three glucose transporters expressed in muscle has not been previously quantified. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) methods, we found in normal human muscle that GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 mRNA were expressed at 90 +/- 10, 46 +/- 4, and 156 +/- 12 copies/ng RNA, respectively. Muscle was fractionated by DNase digestion and differential sedimentation into membrane fractions enriched in plasma membranes (PM) or low-density microsomes (LDM). GLUT1 and GLUT4 proteins were distributed 57% to 67% in LDM, whereas GLUT3 protein was at least 88% in the PM-enriched fractions. These data suggest that basal glucose uptake into resting human muscle could be provided in part by each of these three isoforms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 77555-1060, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; C495687:SLC2A3 protein, human