title: Molecular phylogeographic studies on Paragonimus westermani in Asia.
abstract: The lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878), is widely distributed in Asia, and exhibits much variation in its biological properties. Previous phylogenetic studies using DNA sequences have demonstrated that samples from north-east Asia form a tight group distinct from samples from south Asia (Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia). Among countries from the latter region, considerable molecular diversity was observed. This was investigated further using additional DNA sequences (partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the second internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal gene repeat (ITS2)) from additional samples of P. westermani. Phylogenies inferred from these again found three or four groups within P. westermani, depending on the method of analysis. Populations of P. westermani from north-east Asia use snail hosts of the family Pleuroceridae and differ in other biological properties from populations in south Asia (that use snail hosts of the family Thiaridae). It is considered that the populations we sampled can be divided into two species, one in north-east Asia and the other in south Asia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresource Chemistry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro City, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwagami
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Agatsuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia; D001483:Base Sequence; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010238:Paragonimus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV