title: Veterans Affairs Multicenter Low Vision Enhancement System (LVES) study: clinical results. Report 1: effects of manual-focus LVES on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Department of Veterans Affairs LVES Study is a multicenter study to determine the effectiveness of the Low Vision Enhancement System (LVES) as a visual rehabilitation device. The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of the Beta 1 manual-focus LVES for improving visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients whose visual acuity was 20/80 or worse in the better eye from any disease, who did not have significant visual field loss, who had previous low vision experience and were capable of working with the LVES were enrolled in a comprehensive prospective multicenter clinical evaluation. Initially, corrected spectacle visual acuities were measured using a standardized ETDRS chart. Contrast sensitivities were also measured with spectacle correction using a standardized Peli-Robson chart. These results were then compared to the acuities and contrast sensitivity obtained with the LVES at optimal magnification. Also, visual acuities were measured using an Eschenbach 3x spectacle-mounted binocular telescope, then compared to the acuities obtained using the LVES set at the lowest magnification (3x).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients who completed the study demonstrated an improvement in visual acuity, with a median improvement of six lines of Snellen equivalent acuity using the LVES. Improvement in visual acuity was the same in both ARMD and non-ARMD causes of vision loss. Mean contrast sensitivity improved in 52 of 58 patients tested, with a mean improvement of 0.49 log units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LVES significantly improves both visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in visually impaired patients who fall within the study criteria. Up to 10-fold improvement in visual acuity and up to 1.80 log units improvement in contrast sensitivity were noted in the study group when the LVES was used.
authors.affiliation: VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ballinger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lalle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maino
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stelmack
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tallman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wacker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology