title: Identification of Id4 as a regulator of BRCA1 expression by using a ribozyme-library-based inverse genomics approach.
abstract: Expression of the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 is down-regulated in sporadic breast and ovarian cancer cases. Therefore, the identification of genes involved in the regulation of BRCA1 expression might lead to new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of these tumors. In the present study, an "inverse genomics" approach based on a randomized ribozyme gene library was applied to identify cellular genes regulating BRCA1 expression. A ribozyme gene library with randomized target recognition sequences was introduced into human ovarian cancer-derived cells stably expressing a selectable marker [enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)] under the control of the BRCA1 promoter. Cells in which BRCA1 expression was upregulated by particular ribozymes were selected through their concomitant increase in EGFP expression. The cellular target gene of one ribozyme was identified to be the dominant negative transcriptional regulator Id4. Modulation of Id4 expression resulted in inversely regulated expression of BRCA1. In addition, increase in Id4 expression was associated with the ability of cells to exhibit anchorage-independent growth, demonstrating the biological relevance of this gene. Our data suggest that Id4 is a crucial gene regulating BRCA1 expression and might therefore be important for the BRCA1 regulatory pathway involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic breast and ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0665, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beger
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Marcusson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Welcsh
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welte
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wong-Staal
mesh_terms: D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002455:Cell Division; D048429:Cell Size; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015723:Gene Library; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016337:RNA, Catalytic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004967:Estrogens; C490128:ID4 protein, human; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D016337:RNA, Catalytic; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors