title: Minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy: lesson learned from 137 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since February 1997, a technique of minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) was developed at our institution for the treatment of sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (sPHPT). In this study we analyzed the entire series of patients who underwent MIVAP during the last 3 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-seven patients with sPHPT were selected for MIVAP. Selection criteria were: diagnosis of single adenoma based on preoperative localization studies (ultrasonography, sestamibi scintigraphy, or both), and no previous neck surgery or concomitant large multinodular goiter. The procedure, already described, is performed by a gasless video-assisted technique through a single 1.5-cm central skin incision above the sternal notch. Quick, intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay was used in 134 cases (97.8%) to confirm the complete removal of all hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean operative time was 54.3 +/- 22.6 minutes. The conversion rate was 8.8%. One laryngeal nerve palsy was registered (0.7%), as was one case of persistent hyperparathyroidism. In six patients (4.4%) a transient symptomatic postoperative hypocalcemia was observed. Two thyroid lobectomies were associated using the same minimally invasive access. At a mean followup of 15.4 +/- 10.6 months, all but two patients were normocalcemic. The cosmetic result was considered excellent by most of the patients (92.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although not all patients with sPHPT are eligible for MIVAP, this approach can now be proposed in a bigger proportion (67% of patients). As already demonstrated in a previous study, also in a large series of patients, after greater experience has been achieved, the results and the operative time are the same as in traditional surgery, with better cosmetic result and a less painful course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miccoli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raffaelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Materazzi
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000209:etiology*; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D061224:Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016105:Parathyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020535:Video-Assisted Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium