Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in persons with type 2 diabetes diagnosed in a large population screening: the Nord-Trøndelag Diabetes Study, Norway.
OBJECTIVE
To study cardiovascular status and risk factors in persons with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and controls in a large population.


METHODS
Case-control study.


METHODS
Population screening.


METHODS
The screening of 74 499 individuals (88.1%), aged 20 years and older, in Nord-Trøndelag County, Norway, during 1984-86 detected 428 persons with undiagnosed diabetes according to the 1980 WHO criteria, of whom 205 attended a clinical follow-up examination assessing cardiovascular status and risk factors.


METHODS
For each of 205 cases, one control person matched by age and sex underwent the same clinical examination. Lipids, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure, pulse rate, blood pressure medication, kidney function, cardiovascular disease, family history and lifestyle were recorded.


RESULTS
At the screening prior to the diagnosis of diabetes, those with diabetes reported poorer general health, less physical activity, more siblings with diabetes and more frequent use of antihypertensive medication. They had higher body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate compared with controls. At the clinical evaluation, diabetics had higher urine albumin levels, increased waist/hip ratio, and higher total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios than the controls. They also reported a greater incidence of angina pectoris and had more ECG changes.


CONCLUSIONS
Diabetics presented with more cardiovascular risk factors, angina pectoris and ECG changes than the controls, and they had an established metabolic syndrome more often than controls. These results suggest that prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetics requires earlier diagnosis of the diabetes.
Claudi
T
T
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø/Rønvik Health Center, Bodø, Norway. tclaudi@online.no
Midthjell
K
K
Holmen
J
J
Fougner
K
K
Krüger
O
O
Wiseth
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D001786:Blood Glucose