Ganciclovir for the treatment of anterior uveitis.
BACKGROUND
Ganciclovir, administered systemically or intraocularly, is effective in controlling cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in immunocompromised patients. The efficacy of therapy with this antiviral substance was investigated in an immunocompetent patient with CMV uveitis causing secondary glaucoma.


METHODS
To identify the presence of an intraocular viral infection, anterior chamber taps to detect the intraocular synthesis of IgG antibodies and PCR testing were carried out. Clinically, the degree of intraocular inflammation and the intraocular pressure (IOP) values were monitored. During this time, the patient was treated systemically with ganciclovir administered orally and intravenously.


RESULTS
The intraocular synthesis of IgG antibodies specific for CMV was found in two samples of aqueous humor, but negative for other viruses. PCR testing was negative for HSV, VZV and CMV at each time. During this time, the patient was treated systemically with ganciclovir administered either intravenously or orally. As a response to therapy with ganciclovir, the elevated IOP values decreased to normal and the intraocular inflammation declined. After cessation of ganciclovir administration, the inflammation and secondary glaucoma recurred.


CONCLUSIONS
In this case of anterior uveitis presumably caused by CMV inducing secondary glaucoma, treatment with ganciclovir led to a decrease of the inflammation and normalization of IOP. It appears that continuous administration may be required to control the infection in an immunocompetent patient.
Mietz
H
H
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany. h.mietz@uni-koeln.de
Aisenbrey
S
S
Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt
K
K
Bamborschke
S
S
Krieglstein
G K
GK
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D015828:Eye Infections, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015774:Ganciclovir