title: Hepatocyte growth factor, but not insulin-like growth factor I, protects podocytes against cyclosporin A-induced apoptosis.
abstract: Cyclosporin A (CsA) nephropathy is associated with altered expression of apoptosis regulatory genes such as Fas-ligand and Bcl-2 family members in the glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular compartments. Both hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) protect against apoptosis, and HGF specifically up-regulates Bcl-xL, a protein that regulates apoptosis. We investigated whether Bcl-xL and Fas/Fas-ligand were regulated by CsA in cultured podocytes and whether CsA-induced apoptosis was prevented by HGF or IGF-I. A murine podocyte cell line was treated with CsA in the presence or absence of HGF or IGF-I. Apoptosis was quantitated by ELISA and by flow cytometry; Bcl-xL, Fas, and Fas-ligand were measured by Western blotting. Inhibitors of MAP kinase/ERK kinase (MEK)-1 and of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3'-K) were used to determine the signaling pathways involved in Bcl-xL regulation. Apoptosis was induced by CsA in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. CsA also decreased Bcl-xL levels. HGF, but not IGF-I, prevented apoptosis and restored Bcl-xL levels. The regulation of Bcl-xL by HGF was mediated by the PI3'-K but not by the MEK-1 pathway. In summary, we showed that CsA induces apoptosis in podocytes. Apoptosis was prevented by pretreatment with HGF but not IGF-I. Decreased apoptosis appeared to be mediated by regulation of Bcl-xL via the PI3'-K pathway. Our data suggest that the effect of CsA on podocytes may contribute to the glomerular damage and that HGF could provide protection.
authors.affiliation: Renal Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fornoni
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foschi
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Striker
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Striker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016572:Cyclosporine; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005419:Flavonoids; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D019014:fas Receptor; C494812:Bcl2l1 protein, mouse; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; C482127:Map2k1 protein, mouse; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one