title: A post-translational modification of nuclear proteins, N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-Arg, found in a natural HLA class I peptide ligand.
abstract: Presentation of peptides derived from endogenous proteins by class I major histocompatibility complex molecules is essential both for immunological self-tolerance and induction of cytotoxic T-cell responses against intracellular parasites. Despite frequent and diverse post-translational modification of eukaryotic cell proteins, very few class I-bound peptides with post-translationally modified residues are known. Here we describe a natural dodecamer ligand of HLA-B39 (B*3910) derived from an RNA-binding nucleoprotein that carried N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-Arg. Although common among RNA-binding proteins, this modification was not previously known among natural class I ligands. The sequence of this peptide was determined by Edman degradation and electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. The fragmentation pattern of the dimethyl-Arg side chain observed with this latter technique allowed us to unambiguously assign the isomeric form of the modified residue. The post-translationally modified ligand was a prominent component (1-2%) of the B*3910-bound peptide repertoire. The dimethyl-Arg residue was located in a central position of the peptide, amenable to interacting with T-cell receptors, and most other residues in the middle region of the peptide were Gly. These structural features strongly suggest that the post-translationally modified residue may have a major influence on the antigenic properties of this natural ligand.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Cantoblanco, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yagüe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López de Castro
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016208:Databases, Factual; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D008745:Methylation; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D008024:Ligands; D010455:Peptides; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D001120:Arginine