title: Effect of intraarticular stainless steel implants on the health of the rabbit knee joint: an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the histologic changes to the knee joints of rabbits after insertion of a metal implant in retrograde fashion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen rabbits had a modified stainless steel screw implanted in one knee, with the other knee serving as a sham-operated control. The animals were killed after two, six, or twelve months.
  
  
  METHODS
  The histologic status of the cartilage and synovium were graded by the Modified Mankin and Mirra criteria, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of killing, every insertion site was covered by fibrous tissue. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in histologic scores between implanted and control knees.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insertion of a stable, well-fixed implant results in no deleterious effect to the knee joint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans 70112, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stubbs
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vrahas
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Baratta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zieske
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001858:Bone Nails; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D011817:Rabbits; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013232:Steel; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D013232:Steel