title: Phylogenetic analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis serovars based on 16S rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the 16S rRNA gene fingerprints of Bacillus thuringiensis strains to reveal phylogenetic relationships among them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using 16S rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms generated by HindIII and EcoRI, 86 Bacillus thuringiensis strains were classified. This includes 80 B. thuringiensis serovars and five more strains, kurstaki HD-1, subtoxicus, dendrolimus, tenebrionis and sandiego, to assess not only interserovar DNA relatedness but also intraserovar DNA relatedness, and the non-motile strain, hence non-serotypeable, B. thuringiensis var. wuhanensis. All 86 B. thuringiensis strains tested showed distinct ribotypes. The dendrogram resulting from the numerical analysis of the distance matrix shows four distinct phylogenetic groups and two ungrouped serovars, finitimus and bolivia, at the 92.5% DNA relatedness rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  16S rRNA gene fingerprinting cannot only be used for the classification of B. thuringiensis strains amenable or not to serotyping, but can also reveal phylogenetic relationships between strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In future screening programmes, 16S rRNA gene restriction pattern analysis could be determined for novel B. thuringiensis strains, allowing them not only to be grouped but also to be positioned on the phylogenetic tree.
authors.affiliation: Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Côté
mesh_terms: D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002965:Classification; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D012703:Serotyping
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes