title: Use of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) compared with the conventional mycologic methods in the diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective comparative validation of diagnostic testing-case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects in whom fungal endophthalmitis was suspected and 20 controls with noninfections. INTERVENTION TESTING: Collection of intraocular specimens and testing for the presence of fungus by PCR and conventional methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detection of fungus by microscopy, growth by culture, and fungal DNA by PCR for definitive and rapid diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the controls was positive by microscopy, culture, or PCR. Among the 43 intraocular specimens from 30 subjects, 24 were positive by conventional mycologic methods and 32 were positive by PCR. PCR increased the sensitivity of detection by 18.6%, which was statistically significant (McNemar test: P = 0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCR was a more sensitive and rapid diagnostic tool compared with the conventional mycologic methods in the diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis.
authors.affiliation: Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neelam
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lily
mesh_terms: D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis*; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S