title: Clinical follow-up method for frontal sinus obliteration with bioactive glass S53P4.
abstract: A clinical follow-up method was developed to investigate the behavior of a massive amount of bioactive glass S53P4 (BG) clinically used in frontal sinus obliteration. Two sizes of granules (0.63-0.8 mm or 0.8-1.0 mm) in 16 separate BG amounts, weight 25 g, were tested both in simulated body fluid (SBF) and in a buffer containing tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane citric acid (TRIS-c.a) in standard conditions. The dissolution of silicon (Si) and phosphate (P) was detected with direct current plasma atom emission spectroscopy (DCP-AES) monthly up to 6 months. The BG masses were scanned both wet in the solutions and dried by computer tomography (CT), and the scans were analyzed by Region of Interest (ROI) technique. Calcium phosphate (CaP)- and silica (Si)-gel-layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 1, 3, and 6 months. Cumulative loss of Si and P was stronger in TRIS-c.a than in SBF (p < 0.0001), and it was higher with smaller than with larger granules in both solutions (p < 0.0001). This was shown correspondingly by the decrease of Hounsfield units (HUs) in ROI analysis (p < 0.0001). The level of HUs was lower with dried than with wet BG (p < 0.0001). The results were compared for clinical ROI analysis of patients with obliterated frontal sinuses up to 48 months and they were parallel. The follow-up method seems to indirectly reveal the behavior of BG and the healing process in the obliterated cavity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Peltola
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Suonpää
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Määttänen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Varpula
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Aitasalo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yli-Urpo
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Laippala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003890:Desiccation; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015522:Frontal Sinusitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012825:Silicon / Q000032:analysis; D020160:Sodium Benzoate / Q000494:pharmacology; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D010710:Phosphates; D012996:Solutions; C403922:bioactive glass S53P4; D020160:Sodium Benzoate; D012825:Silicon