title: Increased bone remodeling in first-episode major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone mineral density is decreased in patients with depressive disorder. This study evaluated biochemical bone remodeling markers in patients having their first depressive episode who had not taken psychotropic medications to evaluate possible pathogenic mechanisms implicated in the loss of bone mineral density in early states of this illness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, bone alkaline phosphatase, telopeptide, collagen type I C-terminal propeptide, cross-laps, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in 19 depressive patients and 19 age-matched healthy women. In addition, serum cortisol and interleukin-6 were determined. Patients were assessed with the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry interview and met criteria for a single depressive episode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depressed patients had increased levels of osteocalcin (p = .003), an osteoblastic marker; telopeptide (p = .01), an osteoclastic marker; and cross-laps (p = .000), another osteoclastic marker. Parathyroid hormone was lower in patients (p = .02), whereas the rest of the markers were comparable between patients and healthy control subjects. Serum cortisol was higher in depressed patients than in control subjects (p = .003), but cortisolemia and interleukin-6 did not show any relationship with bone markers in patients. Clinical severity of the illness and weight loss due to depression in patients did not correlate with bone remodeling markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that an increase in bone remodeling not due to vitamin D deficiency induces a release of calcium from bone and inhibition of parathyroid hormone secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. herran@humv.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herrán
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Amado
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: García-Unzueta
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Barquero
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Macías
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers