title: Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p42/44, p38, and stress-activated protein kinases in myelo-monocytic cells by Treponema lipoteichoic acid.
abstract: We have shown previously that phenol/water extracts derived from two novel Treponema species, Treponema maltophilum, and Treponema brennaborense, resembling lipoteichoic acid (LTA), induce cytokines in mononuclear cells. This response was lipopolysaccharide binding-protein (LBP)-dependent and involved Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Here we show that secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced by Treponema culture supernatants and extracted LTA was paralleled by an LBP-dependent phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p42 and p44, and p38, as well as the stress-activated protein kinases c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 and 2. Phosphorylation of p42/44 correlated with an increase of activity, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were significantly reduced by addition of inhibitors of p42/44 and p38, PD 98059 and SB 203580, respectively. Treponeme LTA differed from bacterial lipopolysaccharide regarding time course of p42/44 phosphorylation, exhibiting a prolonged activation of MAPKs. Furthermore, MAPK activation and cytokine induction failed to be strictly correlated. Involvement of TLR-4 for phosphorylation of p42/44 was shown employing the neutralizing anti-murine TLR-4 antibody MTS 510. In TLR-2-negative U373 cells, the compounds studied differed regarding MAPK activation with T. maltophilum leading to a stronger activation. In summary, the data presented here show that treponeme LTA are able to activate the MAPK and stress-activated protein kinase pathway involving LBP and TLR-4.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum "Charité," Medizinische Fakultät der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pfeil
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Opitz
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Michelsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amberger
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zähringer
authors.forename: U B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Göbel
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Schumann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014208:Treponema / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011725:Pyridines; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; C009900:lipoteichoic acid; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one