Diagnosis of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: Prostate Working Group/consensus report.
High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the most likely precursor of prostatic carcinoma. PIN has a high predictive value as a marker for carcinoma, and its identification in biopsy specimens warrants repeat biopsy for concurrent or subsequent carcinoma. The only methods of detection are biopsy and transurethral resection; PIN does not significantly elevate serum PSA concentration or its derivatives, nor does it induce a palpable mass, and cannot be detected by ultrasound. Androgen deprivation therapy decreases the prevalence and extent of PIN, suggesting that this form of treatment may play a role in chemoprevention. Radiation therapy is also associated with a decreased incidence of PIN.
Bostwick
D G
DG
Bostwick Laboratories, Urology of Virginia, the Virginia Urology Center, Richmond 23294, USA. bostwick@bostwicklaboratories.com
Montironi
R
R
Sesterhenn
I A
IA
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy