title: Efficacy of rifampin-levofloxacin as a prophylactic agent in preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis graft infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of levofloxacin in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Graft infections were established in the subcutaneous tissue of 225 male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron prostheses followed by topical inoculation with methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis. The study included a group without contamination, two contaminated groups without prophylaxis, two contaminated groups with intraperitoneal levofloxacin prophylaxis, two contaminated groups with intraperitoneal cefazolin prophylaxis, two contaminated groups with intraperitoneal teicoplanin prophylaxis and six contaminated groups with rifampin-soaked graft and intraperitoneal levofloxacin, cefazolin or teicoplanin prophylaxis. The grafts were removed after 7 days and evaluated by quantitative culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The efficacy of levofloxacin against the methicillin-susceptible strain was not different to that of cefazolin or teicoplanin. Levofloxacin showed slight less efficacy than teicoplanin against the methicillin-resistant strain. The combination levofloxacin-rifampin demonstrated to be similarly effective to the combination rifampin-teicoplanin and more effective than the combination rifampin-cefazolin against both strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rifampin-levofloxacin combination seems useful for the prevention of late-appearing vascular graft infections caused by S. epidermidis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, INRRCS, University of Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghiselli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goffi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cirioni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boccoli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scalise
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D012293:Rifampin