title: Measurements for assessing environmental exposures to children using small amounts of serum and urine: state-of-the-art.
abstract: This paper addresses the recent advances in gas chromatographic (GC)-based instrumentation for the analytical determination of environmental toxicants using small samples. One-dimensional GC/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GCxGC) are shown to drastically improve sample component resolution, sensitivity and overall analytical throughput. A presentation of the concepts behind the new state-of-the-art, and results highlighting the advantages of the emerging technologies are presented.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Toxicology Branch, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dimandja
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grainger
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Needham
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010573:Pesticide Residues