title: Human stomach has a recordable mechanical activity at a rate of about three cycles/minute.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discover whether the human stomach contracts every 20 seconds or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  Manometric study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Teaching hospital, Belgium.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 healthy volunteers, and 31 patients who had had the whole stomach denervated and pulled up to the neck for oesophageal replacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of selected strips of manometric tracings obtained with intraluminal perfused catheters. 13 patients were given erythromycin (1g/day) by mouth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimation of the rate and frequency distribution according to amplitude of intraluminal pressure waves with the vertical axis of the tracings scaled up to reflect contractions within the gastric wall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microwaves (<9 mmHg) that came in between conventional macrowaves (>9 mmHg) were found, showing that the human stomach undergoes mechanical activity (amplitude ranging from 0.2-310 mmHg) at the pacemaker's rate which varied from 2.43 to 3.60 cycles/minute from one subject to another. Phase I of the interdigestive motor complex contained microwaves only, phase II and the fed pattern consisted of a mixture of microwaves and macrowaves, and phase III contained macrowaves only. The fasting rate of mechanical activity was lower in patients who were given erythromycin than in those not given erythromycin (p = 0.003) and in healthy volunteers (p = 0.002), and it increased significantly after a meal (p < 0.0001). Microwaves in strips in which they were the most prominent were of higher amplitude in patients than in healthy volunteers (median: 3.5 compared with 2.5 mmHg; p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The human stomach has mechanical activity at the rate at which the pacemaker generates electrical slow waves. The classic phases of the gastric motor activity seem to differ from each other by the frequency distribution of pressure waves according to amplitude rather than by the contraction rate. Weak mechanical activity is much more readily detectable after the stomach has been denervated and tailored for oesophageal substitution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Collard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D000200:Action Potentials; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D013270:Stomach / Q000294:innervation*