title: Fc gamma receptors differ in their structural requirements for interaction with the tyrosine kinase Syk in the initial steps of signaling for phagocytosis.
abstract: Receptors for the constant region of IgG, Fc gamma receptors, are expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells, where they mediate signaling events, such as phagocytosis, essential for host defense. Fc gamma receptors also play a role in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. We have demonstrated that members of each of the three classes of human Fc gamma receptors, Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII, and Fc gamma RIII, mediate phagocytosis, but that important differences exist in their requirements for phagocytic signaling. For example, the Fc gamma receptors Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIIIA induce signaling largely by association with a gamma subunit containing a conserved cytoplasmic motif (ITAM) whose tyrosines are phosphorylated following receptor stimulation. Fc gamma RIIA contains a similar motif in its own cytoplasmic domain and does not require the gamma chain for phagocytic signaling. The tyrosine kinase Syk associates with the cytoplasmic domain of both the Fc gamma receptor gamma chain and Fc gamma RIIA and is required for phagocytosis by both Fc gamma receptor systems. To elucidate the differences in phagocytic signaling by the gamma chain and Fc gamma RIIA, we investigated the requirements for Fc gamma receptor/Syk co-immunoprecipitation, tyrosine phosphorylation, and phagocytosis. Both Fc gamma RIIA and the human gamma chain contain a tyrosine seven amino acids upstream of the ITAM motif. We observed that the upstream tyrosine plays a role in Fc gamma RIIA phagocytic signaling but is not involved in phagocytic signaling by the human gamma chain. Our data also indicate that the two ITAM tyrosines of the human gamma chain and Fc gamma RIIA do not contribute equally to Fc gamma receptor association with Syk kinase and phagocytic signaling. The data indicate that the carboxy-terminal tyrosine of the receptor cytoplasmic domain is especially important both for the interaction with Syk kinase and for phagocytosis. Elucidating such differences in gamma chain and Fc gamma RIIA signaling may be valuable in designing strategies for therapeutic intervention in hematopoietic and immunological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: X Q
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Z K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Indik
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Schreiber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007142:Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains / Q000276:immunology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000737:chemistry*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072377:Syk Kinase
chemical_list: D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D007142:Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase