title: Substitution of the thioredoxin system for glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: The disulfide reducing enzymes glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase are highly conserved among bacteria, fungi, worms, and mammals. These proteins maintain intracellular redox homeostasis to protect the organism from oxidative damage. Here we demonstrate the absence of glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster, identify a new type of thioredoxin reductase, and provide evidence that a thioredoxin system supports GSSG reduction. Our data suggest that antioxidant defense in Drosophila, and probably in related insects, differs fundamentally from that in other organisms.
authors.affiliation: Center of Biochemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kanzok
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fechner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ulschmid
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Botella-Munoz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneuwly
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schirmer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017344:Genes, Insect; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013045:Species Specificity; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009249:NADP; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide