Assessing variation in alcohol outcome expectancies across environmental context: an examination of the situational-specificity hypothesis.
Using an in vivo manipulation, this study examined whether alcohol outcome expectancies (AOEs) vary across environmental settings. Two hundred twenty-one undergraduates were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions in which environmental context (an on-campus bar vs. a laboratory) and instructed phase of intoxication ("just enough to begin to feel intoxicated" vs. "too much to drink") were manipulated. AOEs were assessed with a revised version of the Effects of Alcohol Scale (L. Southwick, C. Steele, A. Marlatt, & M. Lindell, 1981). Compared with participants tested in the laboratory, individuals exposed to the on-campus bar expected greater alcohol-related stimulation/perceived dominance and pleasurable disinhibition. Women expected more behavioral impairment during the latter stage of intoxication. These findings highlight the importance of ecologically valid research in this area, as well as cue-exposure assessment and treatment approaches.
Wall
A M
AM
Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3. amwall@yorku.ca
McKee
S A
SA
Hinson
R E
RE
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012107:Research Design; D012737:Sex Factors; D012931:Social Environment