title: Violence between women in an urban emergency department patient population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine what percentage of women presenting to an urban emergency department (ED) for any reason had been the victims of violence committed by another woman in the previous year.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study of a consecutive sample of female patients of legal age presenting to the ED between 8 AM and 12 midnight over an 11-week period. Patients were asked a series of questions adapted from the George Washington University Universal Violence Prevention Screening Protocol. Non-English-speaking patients, those unable to give informed consent, and those meeting regional criteria for major trauma were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One thousand six hundred seventy-six women participated; 426 (25%) refused. Of the 1,250 women interviewed, 118 (9.4%; 95% CI = 7.8% to 11.1%) reported being assaulted by another woman in the previous 12 months. Compared with the nonvictims, the victims were more frequently younger and single. The most common forms of assault were slapping, grabbing, and shoving (54.7% of victims). These were followed by being choked, kicked, bitten, or punched (46.2%). Eighteen percent of the assaults involved a weapon or an object. Five percent of the victims described being forced to have sex. Thirty-seven percent of the victims contacted the police, 13% required medical attention, 17% pursued legal action, and 10% sought follow-up counseling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nine percent of the women in the study sample had been assaulted by another woman in the previous year. Further attention to the recognition and management of violence committed by women against other women may be warranted to ensure that patients receive appropriate treatment and referral.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mechemc@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Mechem
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Shofer
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Reinhard
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hornig
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Datner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008875:Middle Aged; D015143:Philadelphia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*