title: Prognostic role of cyclin D1 in retroperitoneal sarcomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclin D1 regulates the G1 checkpoint of the cell cycle and is overexpressed in a number of cancers. This study was designed to determine if cyclin D1 overexpression had prognostic value in patients undergoing surgery with curative intent for primary retroperitoneal soft-tissue sarcoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue was available for analysis on 79 patients who underwent resection between September 1983 and May 1997. Clinicopathologic data and follow-up was obtained from a prospective sarcoma database and a patient and family interview. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine overexpression (> or = 5% of nuclei labeled). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical analysis was performed by using log rank testing and the Cox regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median follow-up was 3.5 years. On univariate analysis of disease-specific mortality, significant prognostic factors were high grade (n = 42, 53%), positive microscopic margins (n = 36, 46%) or macroscopic margins (n = 15, 19%), and cyclin D1 overexpression (n = 37, 47%). On multivariate analysis, macroscopically positive margins (P = 0.02) and the combination of high grade and cyclin D1 overexpression (P = 0.04) both were associated independently with poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High grade retroperitoneal sarcomas demonstrating cyclin D1 overexpression have had an extremely poor prognosis. Continued study of multiple biological markers, exemplified by cyclin D1, may aid characterization of tumor behavior and response to treatment in this diverse group of tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tallini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dudas
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cordon-Cardo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1