title: Jugular bulb oximetry during cardiac surgery.
abstract: Imbalance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand is thought to play an important role in the development of cerebral injury during cardiac surgery. This article presents an overview of cerebral oxygenation monitored by jugular bulb oximetry during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The general principles of jugular bulb oximetry including physiology, intermittent and continuous monitoring, technical considerations, limitations and potential complications are discussed. Different applications of jugular bulb oximetry during bypass surgery and the possible therapeutic approaches to impaired cerebral oxygenation are described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shaaban Ali
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harmer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Latto
mesh_terms: D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000502:physiology*; D010092:Oximetry / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen