Parvin, a 42 kDa focal adhesion protein, related to the alpha-actinin superfamily.
We have identified and cloned a novel 42-kDa protein termed alpha-parvin, which has a single alpha-actinin-like actin-binding domain. Unlike other members of the alpha-actinin superfamily, which are large multidomain proteins, alpha-parvin lacks a rod domain or any other C-terminal structural modules and therefore represents the smallest known protein of the superfamily. We demonstrate that mouse alpha-parvin is widely expressed as two mRNA species generated by alternative use of two polyadenylation signals. We analyzed the actin-binding properties of mouse alpha-parvin and determined the K(d) with muscle F-actin to be 8.4+/-2.1 microM. The GFP-tagged alpha-parvin co-localizes with actin filaments at membrane ruffles, focal contacts and tensin-rich fibers in the central area of fibroblasts. Domain analysis identifies the second calponin homology domain of parvin as a module sufficient for targeting the focal contacts. In man and mouse, a closely related paralogue beta-parvin and a more distant relative gamma-parvin have also been identified and cloned. The availability of the genomic sequences of different organisms enabled us to recognize closely related parvin-like proteins in flies and worms, but not in yeast and Dictyostelium. Phylogenetic analysis of alpha-parvin and its para- and orthologues suggests, that the parvins represent a new family of alpha-actinin-related proteins that mediate cell-matrix adhesion.
Olski
T M
TM
Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
Noegel
A A
AA
Korenbaum
E
E
D000185:Actinin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D000096985:Calponins
D000185:Actinin; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C486590:PARVA protein, human; D000096985:Calponins; C486591:PARVB protein, human; C486593:PARVG protein, human