The role of neck dissection after chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer with advanced nodal disease.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze and compare the effectiveness of sequential platinum-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy with and without selective neck dissection in patients with N2a and greater stage node-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx.


METHODS
Nonrandomized controlled trial.


METHODS
Tertiary referral center.


METHODS
Sixty-six patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx staged N2a or greater.


METHODS
Platinum-based induction chemotherapy followed by definitive radiation therapy; and selective neck dissections 6 to 10 weeks following the completion of radiation therapy in patients with radiographic evidence suggesting residual neck disease.


METHODS
Locoregional recurrence and disease-free survival.


RESULTS
Of 66 patients, 24 (36%) had complete responses in the primary local tumor (oropharynx) and regional disease (neck nodes), as assessed clinically and radiographically. These patients had lower rates of locoregional recurrence than did patients showing no or partial responses, but the differences were not significant (P>.05). Of 18 patients undergoing neck dissection, 10 (56%) had pathological evidence of residual tumor. Patients showing a complete response of regional and neck disease had significantly improved disease-specific and overall survival (P = .01 for both) compared with patients showing no or partial responses of their neck disease. Patients with no or partial responses who underwent neck dissections had significantly improved overall survival compared with similar patients who did not undergo neck dissections (P = .002).


CONCLUSIONS
Even in patients with bulky nodal disease, a complete response in the neck to sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy may indicate that neck surgery is not necessary for good locoregional control and improved disease-free survival. Neck dissection is recommended for patients with no or partial radiographic responses.
Clayman
G L
GL
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Campus Box 441, Houston, TX 77030, USA. gclayman@mdanderson.org
Johnson
C J
CJ
Morrison
W
W
Ginsberg
L
L
Lippman
S M
SM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*