title: Testicular function in men treated in childhood for undescended testes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate testicular hormones and sperm counts of young men treated in childhood for cryptorchidism
  
  
  METHODS
  Testicular volume, serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone as well as semen specimens were evaluated in 57 men (mean age, 19 years; range, 18 to 27 years) treated in childhood for unilateral (n = 47) and bilateral (n = 10) cryptorchidism. In 3 unilateral cases monorchidism was found. Thirty-seven patients underwent orchiopexy after hormonal treatment (luteinizing hormone releasing factor, 1.2 mg/d for 28 days followed by human chorionic gonadotropin, 500 IU intramuscularly 3 times a week for 3 weeks). The remainder underwent surgery. Mean age at surgical treatment was 5.4 years (range, 2 to 12 years). These patients were examinated again after a mean period of 13.3 years (range, 10 to 19 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduced testicular volume (<12 mL) was found in 6 of 64 testes (9.3%). LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were found within the normal range in all patients. With linear regression, inverse relations were found between FSH and, respectively, testicular volume (P =.002), sperm concentration (P =.013), sperm motility (P =.023), and normally shaped sperms (P =.019). There were direct relations between testicular volume and sperm concentration (P =.02), sperm motility (P =.000), and normally shaped sperms (P =.001). We did not find any statistical correlation between age at surgery and semen quality. Significantly better results in terms of sperm counts were found in patients directly operated on in comparison to those treated with hormones before orchiopexy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presented data indicate tubular impairment in young men operated on in childhood for cryptorchidism; FSH values increase and testicular volume decrease are related to sperm deterioration. Studies on children treated in the first 2 years of life are required to clarify the usefulness of early treatment of cryptorchidism.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Andrology, and Pediatric Endocrinology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vinardi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manenti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cortese
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canavese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002452:Cell Count; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000150:complications*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000517:prevention & control; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone