title: Day-case local anaesthetic radiofrequency thermal ablation of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a four-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reports long-term (median 4 years) clinical effectiveness, safety and patient acceptance of transurethral ablation prostatectomy (TURAPY) for symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) using a radiofrequency technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  25 men were treated as day-case procedures under local anaesthesia for 1 h. The age range was 55-88 years (mean age 65.5 years) and all were suffering from symptomatic BPE with urinary flow rates of 12 ml/s or less. The treatment was carried out with a computer-based device using a special heating element mounted on a Foley-like catheter for prostatic ablation and the temperatures were monitored continuously in the prostatic region, sphincteric area and rectum for safety purposes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TURAPY was carried out in all patients with temperatures ranging from 70 to 82 degrees C depending on the tolerance of the patient. The post-treatment mortality was nil and only 19 patients complained of mild dysuria, passing of some debris and/or minor bleeding on voiding which settled spontaneously in 2-3 weeks, except in two patients who had proven urinary infection requiring antibiotic therapy. At 4 years the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) improved from a mean value of 16.0 to 7.2 (p < 0.01) with quality-of-life score falling from 4 to 1.9 (p < 0.05); mean flow rate increased from 8.5 to 11.7 ml/s and mean residual volume decreased from 185.04 to 52.8 ml (p < 0.05). Post-treatment pressure flow studies in 14 patients showed normal pressure voiding in one, with four being in an equivocal range, but the rest were obstructed. Prostate ultrasound scanning before and after treatment in 15 patients showed a mean reduction of volume of 16.7 ml suggesting cavitation of prostate following TURAPY.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TURAPY provides lasting subjective but modest objective benefits in symptomatic BPE patients. It is worthy of consideration in elderly patients, or in those who are unfit for surgery or who do not wish to undergo surgery. It is a safe procedure with little transient morbidity but no mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, The Lothian University Hospitals NHS Trust, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Hargreave
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D003972:Diathermy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors