title: Cell-to-cell movement of potato virus X involves distinct functions of the coat protein.
abstract: Complementation of movement-deficient potato virus X (PVX) coat protein (CP) mutants, namely PVX.CP-Xho lacking the 18 C-terminal amino acid residues and PVX.DeltaCP lacking the entire CP gene, was studied by transient co-expression with heterologous proteins. These data demonstrated that the potyvirus CPs and both the major and minor CPs of beet yellows closterovirus could complement cell-to-cell movement of PVX.CP-Xho but not PVX.DeltaCP. These data also indicated that the C-terminally truncated PVX CP lacked a movement function which could be provided in trans by the CPs of other filamentous viruses, whereas another movement determinant specified by some region outside the most C-terminal part of the PVX CP could not be complemented either by potyvirus or closterovirus CPs. Surprisingly, the CP of spherical cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus rescued all of the PVX CP movement functions, complementing the spread of PVX.CP-Xho and, to a lesser extent, PVX.DeltaCP. Both these mutants were also rescued by the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) movement protein (MP). To shed light on the movement function of PVX CP, attempts were made to complement PVX.CP-Xho by a series of TMV MP mutants. An internal deletion abolished complementation, suggesting that the internal region of TMV MP, which includes a number of overlapping functional domains important for cell-to-cell transport, provides an activity complementing movement determinant(s) specified by the C-terminal region of PVX CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: O N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Fedorkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Solovyev
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Yelina
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zamyatnin
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zinovkin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Program for Plant Molecular Biology, Viikki Biocentre, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland2.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Virology, Microbiology and Biosafety, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany3.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia1.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu Morozov
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017790:Closterovirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D009068:Movement; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D017863:Potexvirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology* / Q000821:virology*; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics