title: Effect of low-dose estrogen on hemodynamic response to stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of low-dose esterified estrogen on hemodynamic responses at rest and during stress in postmenopausal women, and to compare the changes with those seen with conjugated equine estrogen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open-label study of esterified estrogen compared with a double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of conjugated equine estrogen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postmenopausal women with normal endometrium, not currently using hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiovascular parameters at rest and in response to stressors were assessed in 11 postmenopausal women before and 6 months after receiving 0.3 mg esterified estrogen. Responses were compared with 42 postmenopausal women randomized to 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen or placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and vascular resistance index from before to after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At rest, MAP increased 3.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg (+/-SD) in the placebo group, while declining 2.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg and 4.8 +/- 1.4 mm Hg, respectively, in the esterified estrogen and conjugated equine estrogen groups after treatment. During mental stressors, MAP dropped significantly in both treatment groups. At rest and during mental stressors, vascular resistance index decreased with estrogen treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose esterified estrogen improved hemodynamic patterns similar to standard doses of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CB #7570, Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7570, USA. wmeyer@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Straneva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Girdler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004951:Esterification; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006736:Horses; D010919:Placebos; D017698:Postmenopause; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D010919:Placebos