title: Glyoxalase I phenotype as a potential risk factor for prostate carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elicit a possible link between glyoxalase I (Gly-I), a detoxifying enzyme, and the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), we investigated Gly-I phenotypic expression in the prostatic tissue and red blood cells (RBCs) from patients with PCa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven clinical specimens, including 42 PCa tissue samples, 20 RBC samples, and 25 matched pair (prostate and RBC) samples from patients at prostatectomy were examined. The Gly-I phenotypes in these specimens were assessed by nondenaturing starch-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 87 patients, 63 (72.4%) were white, 15 (17.2%) were black, and 9 (10.4%) were another ethnicity (eg, Hispanic, Asian, Indian). Three Gly-I phenotypes were detected in these specimens as fast, intermediate, and slow-moving bands on the gel. The fast phenotype was the most common form found in the white (34 [54%] of 63) and black (8 [53.3%] of 15) patients, but the third ethnic group was too small for proper analysis. To validate this finding, the data from the white patients were compared with the Gly-I phenotypic frequencies in U.S. populations. The data analysis confirmed that a higher incidence (54%) of the fast type in our white patients was statistically significant (P <0.0001) compared with its phenotypic frequency of 30.6% in the general U.S. white population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significantly high frequency (P <0.0001) of the fast Gly-I phenotype was detected among patients with PCa, suggesting it is a potential risk factor for PCa. Whether its increased incidence in whites reflects the lack of sample numbers for other ethnic groups needs additional investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Samadi
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fullerton
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Tortorelis
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mallouh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tazaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konno
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000368:Aged; D044383:Black People; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase