S 14506: novel receptor coupling at 5-HT(1A) receptors.
S 14506 is chemically related to the inverse agonist at 5-HT(1A) receptors, spiperone, but S 14506 behaves as one of the most potent agonists known at these receptors, both in vitro and in vivo. In hippocampal membranes, the specific binding of [(3)H]-S 14506 (K(d)=0.79+/-0.2 nM; B(max)=400+/-32 fmol/mg protein) to 5-HT(1A) receptors resembled that of an antagonist in that it was increased by GppNHp, whereas GppNHp reduced the binding of the classic agonist [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT (K(d)=1.5+/-0.5 nM; B(max)=303+/-20 fmol/mg protein). Manganese, magnesium and calcium reduced the binding of [(3)H]-S 14506 to 5-HT(1A) receptors whereas the binding of [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT was increased. Further, sodium markedly reduced the binding of [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT, without affecting the binding of [(3)H]-S 14506. [(3)H]-S 14506 also bound with high affinity to h 5-HT(1A) receptors stably expressed in membranes of CHO cells (K(d)=0.13+/-0.05 nM; B(max)=2.99+/-0.60 pmol/mg protein): the B(max) was double that of [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT. GppNHp strongly decreased [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT binding but scarcely changed [(3)H]-S 14506 binding; calcium, magnesium and manganese had little effect on [(3)H]-S 14506 binding in CHO cells. Antagonists (WAY 100635, WAY 100135) and inverse agonists (spiperone and metitepine) displaced [(3)H]-S 14506 binding with high affinity and Hill slopes close to unity, whereas agonists (5-HT and 5-CT) displayed low affinity with low Hill slopes: partial agonists (buspirone, ipsapirone) showed intermediate properties. In fusion proteins of h 5-HT(1A) receptors with G(ialpha1) the compound potently increased high-affinity GTPase, with a steeper Hill slope than for 5-HT, which may indicate positive cooperativity. The maximum response for S 14506 in these assays was equivalent to 5-HT, indicating it to be a full agonist.In molecular modelling studies, using a three-site model of the 5-HT(1A) receptor, S 14506 spanned between the 5-HT recognition site and the "arginine switch" (DRY microdomain) postulated to activate the interaction of the receptor with the G protein. Thus it is possible to synthesise ligands at G-protein-coupled receptors which are highly potent agonists, but which are structurally related to inverse agonists and show some features of antagonist/inverse agonist binding.
Milligan
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G
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK.
Kellett
E
E
Dacquet
C
C
Dubreuil
V
V
Jacoby
E
E
Millan
M J
MJ
Lavielle
G
G
Spedding
M
M
D017371:8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D016466:CHO Cells; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000235:genetics; D006165:Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008719:Methiothepin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
D001549:Benzamides; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010879:Piperazines; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; C092824:1-((4-fluorobenzoylamino)ethyl)-4-(7-methoxy-1-naphthyl)piperazine hydrochloride; D006165:Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; D008719:Methiothepin; D017371:8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; D012964:Sodium; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go