title: Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by novel synthetic neurotrophic pyrimidine derivatives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some pyrimidine analogues have been found to induce differentiation of several human myeloid leukemia cells. Newly synthesized heterocyclic pyrimidine derivatives promote neurite outgrowth and survival in neuronal cell lines. In this study, the growth-inhibiting and differentiation-inducing effects of these pyrimidine derivatives on human myeloid leukemia cells were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several myeloid leukemia cells were cultured with novel heterocyclic pyrimidine derivatives. Cell differentiation was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium-reducing activity, morphologic changes, expression of CD11b, lysozyme activity, and hemoglobin production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MS-430 (2-piperidino-5,6-dihydro-7-methyl-6-oxo (7H) pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidine maleate) effectively induced HL-60 cells into mature granulocytes. MS-430 activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) of the cells before causing granulocytic differentiation. MAPK activation was necessary for MS-430-induced differentiation, because PD98059, an inhibitor of MAPK kinase, suppressed the differentiation induced by MS-430. MS-430 also induced monocytic differentiation of THP-1, P39/Tsu, and P31/Fuj leukemia cells, but did not affect erythroid differentiation of K562 or HEL cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MS-430 potently induces differentiation of some myelomonocytic leukemia cells. This novel synthesized pyrimidine compound shows promise as a therapeutic agent for treatment of leukemia and as a neurotrophic drug.
authors.affiliation: Saitama Cancer Center Research Institute, Ina, Saitama, Japan. honma@cancer-c.pref.saitama.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasukabe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okabe-Kado
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakegawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Awaya
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000473:pathology; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000473:pathology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000473:pathology; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; C093088:MS 430; D011743:Pyrimidines; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D014212:Tretinoin; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D002117:Calcitriol; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one