title: Repeated exposure of C3H/HeJ mice to ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulses: lack of effects on mammary tumors.
abstract: It has been suggested that chronic, low-level exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation may promote the formation of tumors. Previous studies, however, showed that low-level, long-term exposure of mammary tumor-prone mice to 435 MHz or 2450 MHz RF radiation did not affect the incidence of mammary tumors. In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure to a unique type of electromagnetic energy: pulses composed of an ultra-wideband (UWB) of frequencies, including those in the RF range. One hundred C3H/HeJ mice were exposed to UWB pulses (rise time 176 ps, fall time 3.5 ns, pulse width 1.9 ns, peak E-field 40 kV/m, repetition rate 1 kHz). Each animal was exposed for 2 min once a week for 12 weeks. One hundred mice were used as sham controls. There were no significant differences between groups with respect to incidence of palpated mammary tumors, latency to tumor onset, rate of tumor growth, or animal survival. Histopathological evaluations revealed no significant differences between the two groups in numbers of neoplasms in all tissues studied (lymphoreticular tissue, thymus, respiratory, digestive and urinary tracts, reproductive, mammary and endocrine systems, and skin). Our major finding was the lack of effects of UWB-pulse exposure on promotion of mammary tumors in a well-established animal model of mammary cancer.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Research Laboratory, Radio Frequency Radiation Branch, Directed Energy Bioeffects Division, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Brooks Air Force Base, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jauchem
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Frei
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dusch
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kovatch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000209:etiology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects