title: Reciprocal regulation of cGMP-mediated vasorelaxation by soluble and particulate guanylate cyclases.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) and atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) activate soluble (sGC) and particulate guanylate cyclase (pGC), respectively, and play important roles in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. However, little is known about potential interactions between these two cGMP-generating pathways. Here we demonstrate that sGC and pGC cooperatively regulate cGMP-mediated relaxation in human and murine vascular tissue. In human vessels, the potency of spermine-NONOate (SPER-NO) and ANP was increased after inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis and decreased by prior exposure to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Aortas from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) knockout (KO) mice were more sensitive to ANP than tissues from wild-type (WT) animals. However, in aortas from WT mice, the potency of ANP was increased after pretreatment with NOS or sGC inhibitor. Vessels from eNOS KO animals were less sensitive to ANP after GTN pretreatment, an effect that was reversed in the presence of an sGC inhibitor. cGMP production in response to SPER-NO and ANP was significantly greater in vessels from eNOS KO animals compared with WT animals. This cooperative interaction between NO and ANP may have important implications for human pathophysiologies involving deficiency in either mediator and the clinical use of nitrovasodilators.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, The Rayne Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: MacAllister
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hobbs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000502:physiology; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012995:Solubility; D013096:Spermine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C091861:spermine nitric oxide complex; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D013096:Spermine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D006152:Cyclic GMP