title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments for phimosis: a comparison of surgical and medicinal approaches and their economic effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the cost-effectiveness of surgery and topical steroids as treatments for phimosis (defined as a clinically verifiable, pathological, cicatricial stenosis of the prepuce) and to evaluate the financial basis of these treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on treatment using topical steroids was obtained from published reports and those for circumcision from claims by private hospitals for children < 13 years old registered at the health insurance department of our facility. The estimate of the French national financial cost of the treatments for 1998 was calculated from public and private institutional information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with topical steroids for 4-8 weeks was successful in approximately 85% of patients (mean age 5 years) and had no side-effects; the remaining 15% were treated by circumcision. Topical steroid therapy costs (in French francs) F 360 per patient. For those primarily treated by circumcision (81 boys, mean age 4.3 years) and diagnosed as having phimosis, the cost was F 3330 per patient in the private sector. The total number of circumcisions performed in France, regardless of sector (public or private) for 1998 was estimated to be 51 080, which represents an annual cost of F 195.7 million.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As topical pharmacological treatment avoids the disadvantages, trauma and potential complications of penile surgery, including anaesthesia-related risks, the use of topical steroids as a primary treatment appears to be justified in boys with clinically verifiable phimosis. This treatment could reduce costs by 75%, which represents a potential annual saving of approximately F 150 million.
authors.affiliation: Service Médical de la Caisse Maladie Régionale de Provence, Marseille, France. dberdeu@excite.fr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berdeu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sauze
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ha-Vinh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blum-Boisgard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000379:methods; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010688:Phimosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids