title: Association between a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the human interleukin-3 gene and rheumatoid arthritis in Japanese patients, and maximum-likelihood estimation of combinatorial effect that two genetic loci have on susceptibility to the disease.
abstract: Genetic variants of interleukin-3 (IL-3), a well-studied cytokine, may have a role in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); but reports on this association sometimes conflict. A case-control study was designed to investigate association between RA and a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL-3 promoter region. Comparison of cases of RA versus control individuals yielded a chi(2) value of 14.28 (P=.0002), with a genotype odds ratio of 2.24 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.44-3.49). When female cases with earlier onset were compared with female control individuals, the SNP revealed an even more significant correlation, with chi2=21.75 (P=.000004) and a genotype odds ratio of 7.27 (95%CI 2.80-18.89). The stronger association that we observed in this clinically distinct subgroup (females with early onset), within a region where linkage disequilibrium was not significantly extended, suggested that the genuine RA locus should locate either within or close to the IL-3 gene. Combined genotype data on SNPs on eight other candidate genes were combined with our IL-3 results, to estimate relationships between pairs of loci and RA, by maximum-likelihood analysis. The utility of combining the genotype data in this way to identify possible contributions of various genes to this disease is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Rheumatic Diseases, SNP Research Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Unoki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yukioka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tateishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D007564:Japan; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D007377:Interleukin-3