title: Parenting styles, regimen adherence, and glycemic control in 4- to 10-year-old children with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine relationships among parenting styles, regimen adherence, and glycemic control for preschool and elementary school children who have Type I diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents of 55 children with diabetes completed parenting style and regimen adherence questionnaires. Glycosylated hemoglobin results were collected by chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parental warmth was associated with better adherence ratings. Regression analyses showed that parental warmth explained 27% of the variance in adherence ratings. Parental restrictiveness was associated with worse glycemic control in univariate analyses. However, only Black ethnicity, not adherence or parenting variables, predicted glycemic control. Black ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status (SES) were associated with more parental restrictiveness and worse glycemic control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that authoritative parenting, characterized by support and affection, may be advantageous for the regimen adherence and glycemic control of school-age and younger children with diabetes. Demographic characteristics are important and require further study in this context.
authors.affiliation: University of Miami, USA. cadavis@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Delamater
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: La Greca
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Eidson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Perez-Rodriguez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nemery
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires