title: Dynamics of serum hepatitis C virus load and quasispecies complexity during antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a dynamic process during which viral genetic variants continuously develop as a result of the virus adaptation to the host's immune system. The level of viremia and the complexity of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR 1) quasispecies of hepatitis C virus during antiviral therapy reflect the dynamic balance between the viral and host components in response to therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of HCV viremia and the complexity of the HVR 1 quasispecies during the induction phase of a triple combination therapy regimen in nonresponders to earlier anti-HCV treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with chronic hepatitis C undergoing antiviral combination therapy with interferon-alpha, ribavirin, and amantadine were studied. The serum HCV RNA level was monitored by a quantitative RT-PCR assay up to 3 months after start of treatment. The HVR 1 quasispecies complexity was analysed by an "in house" nested RT-PCR mediated single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline serum HCV RNA levels ranged from 1.94x10(6) to 5.53x10(6) copies/ml. In all patients, HCV subtype 1b was found. At the start of therapy, the SSCP assay revealed a high complexity pattern (at least six SSCP bands) in all patients. None of the patients responded within 4 weeks of treatment, however, the serum HCV RNA level decreased by one to two logs in eight patients. At week 4 after start of treatment, there was a decrease of SSCP bands in five patients. In four patients, SSCP bands remained unchanged and in one patient SSCP bands increased. At month 3 after start of treatment, serum HCV RNA was not detectable in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the low number of patients involved in this study, prediction of therapeutical success based on the quasispecies complexity was not possible. Larger studies are urgently needed.
authors.affiliation: Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Molecular Immunogenetics, Petrova 3, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. blazenka.grahovac@hztm.tel.hr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grahovac
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bingulac-Popovic
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vucelic
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hrstic
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ostojic
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Drazic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balija
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grgicevic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000547:Amantadine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010802:Phylogeny; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012254:Ribavirin; D000547:Amantadine