title: The impact of pharmacogenetics for migraine.
abstract: Migraine is a paroxysmal neurological disorder affecting up to 12% of males and 24% of females in the general population. As migraine has been demonstrated to have a strong, but complex, genetic component, pharmacogenetics bears great promise in providing new targets for drug development and optimization of individual specific therapy. Better, preferably prophylactic, treatment of migraine patients is desired because the drugs now used are not effective in all patients, allow recurrence of the headache in a high percentage of patients and sometimes have severe adverse side-effects. With the recent identification of the brain-specific P/Q-type Ca(2+)channel gene CACNA1A as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of migraine, the first step has been taken to identify primary biochemical pathways leading to migraine. The work on migraine can also have implications for the increasing number of additional neurological episodic disorders having the common denominator of channelopathy.
authors.affiliation: MGC-Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ophoff
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van den Maagdenberg
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Roon
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Frants
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / Q000235:genetics; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009154:Mutation; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000639:trends; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics; D018170:Sumatriptan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D018170:Sumatriptan; D014635:Valproic Acid; C105656:CACNA1A protein, human; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type