title: Desensitization of angiotensin II: effect on [Ca2+]i, inositol triphosphate, and prolactin in pituitary cells.
abstract: Activation of pituitary angiotensin (ANG II) type 1 receptors (AT1) mobilizes intracellular Ca2+, resulting in increased prolactin secretion. We first assessed desensitization of AT1 receptors by testing ANG II-induced intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) response in rat anterior pituitary cells. A period as short as 1 min with 10(-7) M ANG II was effective in producing desensitization (remaining response was 66.8 +/- 2.1% of nondesensitized cells). Desensitization was a concentration-related event (EC(50): 1.1 nM). Although partial recovery was obtained 15 min after removal of ANG II, full response could not be achieved even after 4 h (77.6 +/- 2.4%). Experiments with 5 x 10(-7) M ionomycin indicated that intracellular Ca2+ stores of desensitized cells had already recovered when desensitization was still significant. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced intracellular Ca2+ peak was attenuated in the ANG II-pretreated group. ANG II pretreatment also desensitized ANG II- and TRH-induced inositol phosphate generation (72.8 +/- 3.5 and 69.6 +/- 6.1%, respectively, for inositol triphosphate) and prolactin secretion (53.4 +/- 2.3 and 65.1 +/- 7.2%), effects independent of PKC activation. We conclude that, in pituitary cells, inositol triphosphate formation, [Ca2+](i) mobilization, and prolactin release in response to ANG II undergo rapid, long-lasting, homologous and heterologous desensitization.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González Iglesias
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feierstein
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Díaz-Torga
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Becu-Villalobos
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II; D015759:Ionomycin; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D011388:Prolactin; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium