Incidence of beta-lactamase production and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from pus specimens of orofacial odontogenic infections.
The incidence of beta-lactamase production in anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from 93 pus specimens of orofacial odontogenic infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates against 11 antibiotics were determined. A total of 191 anaerobic gram-negative rods were isolated from the specimens. Beta-lactamase was detected in 35.6% of the black-pigmented Prevotella and 31.9% of the nonpigmented Prevotella. However, no strains among the other species isolated produced beta-lactamase. Ampicillin, cefazolin and cefotaxime showed decreased activity as regards beta-lactamase-positive Prevotella strains, whereas the activity of ampicillin/sulbactam, cefmetazole, and imipenem continued to be effective against such strains. All tested beta-lactam antibiotics were effective against Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium. Erythromycin showed decreased activity against nonpigmented Prevotella and Fusobacterium. Clindamycin, minocycline and metronidazole were powerful antibiotics against which anaerobic gram-negative rods could be tested. The present study showed that beta-lactamase-positive strains were found more frequently in the Prevotella strains than in any of the other species of anaerobic gram-negative rods. The effectiveness of adding sulbactam to ampicillin was demonstrated, as well as the difference in cephalosporin activity against beta-lactamase-positive strains.
Kuriyama
T
T
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, Japan.
Karasawa
T
T
Nakagawa
K
K
Yamamoto
E
E
Nakamura
S
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000668:Ampicillin Resistance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D015311:Cefmetazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D002513:Cephamycins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005673:Fusobacterium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016965:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D008911:Minocycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D017861:Porphyromonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018720:Prevotella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002513:Cephamycins; D013845:Thienamycins; D008795:Metronidazole; D015311:Cefmetazole; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D015378:Imipenem; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D008911:Minocycline; D013407:Sulbactam