title: Development and characterization of a new polyclonal antibody specifically against tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 4 in human breast cancer.
abstract: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) may regulate extracellular matrix turnover and cellular functions by modulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and cell proliferation and apoptosis. To investigate the locations and functions of TIMP-4 in human breast cancer, a highly specific polyclonal anti-TIMP-4 peptide antibody (pAb-T4-S61) was developed. The potency and specificity of the purified IgG were characterized by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot, and immunohistochemistry. The optimal IgG concentration range was 0.1-10 microg/ml. pAb-T4-S61 did not cross-react with TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 and should not react with TIMP-3 according to the sequence analysis. Parental MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells were TIMP-4 negative and a TIMP-4 transfected clone, TIMP-4-435-12, produced TIMP-4. Membrane type-1 MMP was detected although TIMP-2 was not found in these cells. Interestingly, the TIMP-4 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining in infiltrating breast carcinoma cells in tumor tissues. Thus, pAb-T4-S61 is a useful tool to investigate expression patterns and functions of TIMP-4 in cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Badisa
authors.forename: Y E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Q X
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Sang
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000276:immunology; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000276:immunology; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000276:immunology*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4