title: [Semantic equivalence of the Portuguese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen tool used for the screening of violence against pregnant women].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research programs and actions regarding family violence have been growing steadily. Therefore, there's a need to develop data collection tools. In Brazil, further problems come up since tools that have been developed elsewhere need to be adapted and translated. This study focuses on the Abuse Assessment Screening (AAS) used to detect violence against pregnant women. The objective is to evaluate the semantic equivalence between the original tool in English and two Portuguese versions, and propose a synthetic version to be used in the field.
  
  
  METHODS
  The evaluation of semantic equivalence was carried out in 4 steps: (1) translation, (2) back translation, (3) formal appreciation of equivalence and (4) a final critical assessment by family violence experts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Translation, back translation and the steps 3 and 4 assessment are presented for each item of the tool, along with the original in English. The text covers each discussion that led to the final version. Both versions were quite similar in 14 out of 15 items. Nevertheless, the second version showed to be slightly more adequate although for some items the decision was to combine both versions or, in one case, use an item from version 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The procedure undertaken in this study is discussed in the light of Herdman et al.'s proposal (1998) regarding transcultural equivalence. The study also stresses the importance of using more than one version in the process and the appropriateness of including an additional step about the assessment of the target population's understanding of the tool.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. michael@ims.uerj.br
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Reichenheim
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hasselmann
mesh_terms: D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology; D017579:Domestic Violence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology; D012107:Research Design; D012660:Semantics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires