title: Ethanol infusion increases ANP and p21 gene expression in isolated perfused rat heart.
abstract: Whether alcohol-induced heart failure is caused by a direct toxic effect of ethanol, metabolites, or whether it is a secondary result of neurohumoral, hormonal, or nutritional factors is not clear. To address this question a Langendorff retrograde coronary perfusion model of rat heart was used to study the effect of 0.5% (v/v) ethanol (n = 7) and 0.5 mM acetaldehyde (n = 9) on left ventricular expression of ANP, BNP, p53, p21, TNF-alpha,bax, bcl-2 as well as on DNA-fragmentation. Ethanol infusion of 150 min duration significantly induced both ANP and p21 mRNA expression of ventricular myocardium compared with hearts infused with vehicle (n = 8). Acetaldehyde did not exert any significant effects on any of the parameters studied, although the mean expression of TNF-alpha tended to be lower in the acetaldehyde-treated hearts than in control hearts. No evidence of increased DNA-fragmentation was found in ethanol or acetaldehyde treated groups. We conclude that ethanol per se is capable of inducing genes associated with hypertrophy and impaired function of the heart whereas a significant apoptosis is not involved in the initial phase of alcohol-induced cardiac injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jänkälä
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Eklund
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kokkonen
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Kovanen
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Linstedt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Härkönen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mäki
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000235:genetics; D010477:Perfusion; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; C493958:Cdkn1a protein, rat; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D000431:Ethanol; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D000079:Acetaldehyde