Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote bone formation around dental implants inserted into the femur of rabbits.
The present study examined the effect of applying a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on bone formation around a rough-surfaced dental implant. A dental implant was inserted into the femur of Japanese white rabbits bilaterally. A PEMF with a pulse width of 25 microseconds and a pulse frequency of 100 Hz was applied. PEMF stimulation was applied for 4 h or 8 h per day, at a magnetic intensity of 0.2 mT, 0.3 mT or 0.8 mT. The animals were sacrificed 1, 2 or 4 weeks after implantation. After staining the resin sections with 2% basic fuchsin and 0.1% methylene blue, newly formed bone around the implant on tissue sections was evaluated by computer image analysis. The bone contact ratios of the PEMF-treated femurs were significantly larger than those of the control groups. Both the bone contact ratio and bone area ratio of the 0.2 mT- and 0.3 mT-treated femurs were significantly larger than the respective value of the 0.8 mT-treated femurs (P < 0.001). No significant difference in bone contact ratio or bone area ratio was observed whether PEMF was applied for 4 h/day or 8 h/day. Although a significantly greater amount of bone had formed around the implant of the 2-week treated femurs than the 1-week treated femurs, no significant difference was observed between the 2-week and 4-week treated femurs. These results suggest that PEMF stimulation may be useful for promoting bone formation around rough-surfaced dental implants. It is important to select the proper magnetic intensity, duration per day, and length of treatment.
Matsumoto
H
H
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293 Japan.
Ochi
M
M
Abiko
Y
Y
Hirose
Y
Y
Kaku
T
T
Sakaguchi
K
K
D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005269:Femur / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); C025485:basic fuchsin; D014025:Titanium; D008751:Methylene Blue