title: A non-MVC EMG normalization technique for the trunk musculature: Part 2. Validation and use to predict spinal loads.
abstract: Estimates of the amount of force exerted by a muscle using electromyography (EMG) rely partially upon the accuracy of the reference point used in the normalization technique. Accurate representations of muscle activities are essential for use in EMG-driven spinal loading models. The expected maximum contraction (EMC) normalization method was evaluated to explore whether it could be used to assess individuals who are not capable of performing a maximum exertion such as a person with a low back injury. Hence, this study evaluated the utility of an EMG normalization method (Marras and Davis, A non-MVC EMG normalization technique, Part 1, method development. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 2000) that draws upon sub-maximal exertions to determine the reference points needed for normalization of the muscle activities. The EMC normalization technique was compared to traditional MVC-based EMG normalization by evaluating the spinal loads for 20 subjects (10 males and 10 females) performing dynamic lifts. The spinal loads (estimated via an EMG-assisted model) for the two normalization techniques were very similar with differences being <8%. The model performance variables indicated that both normalization techniques performed well (r(2)>0.9 and average error below 6%) with only the muscle gain being affected by normalization method as a result in different reference points. Based on these results, the proposed normalization technique was considered to be a viable method for EMG normalization and for use in EMG-assisted models. This technique should permit the quantitative evaluation of muscle activity for subjects unable to produce maximum exertions.
authors.affiliation: The Biodynamics Laboratory, The Ohio State University, 210 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue, Columbus OH 43210, USA. marras.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Marras
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Maronitis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*