title: The multigenic family of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol synthases.
abstract: Because the synthesis of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is unique to plants, identified as an important marker of the plastid envelope, involved in a key step of plastid biogenesis and is the most abundant lipid on earth, MGDG synthase activity was extensively analysed at the biochemical and physiological levels. In the present paper, we present our current knowledge on the MGDG synthase's function, structure and topology in envelope membranes, and discuss possible roles in plant cell glycerolipid metabolism. The recent discovery of a multigenic family of MGDG synthases raised the possibility that multiple isoenzymes might carry out MGDG synthesis in various tissues and developmental stages.
authors.affiliation: Département de Biologie Moleculaire et Structurale, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, UMR 5019, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, F-38054, Grenoble-Cédex 9, France. emorechal@cea.fr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maréchal
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Awai
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takamiya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joyard
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000201:enzymology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005700:Galactosyltransferases; C109990:1,2-diacylglycerol 3-beta-galactosyltransferase