title: Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: expanded use in primary and repeat surgery for hypospadias.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the impact of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty on primary and repeat hypospadias repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all boys who underwent hypospadias repair at our institution during a recent 3-year period. The level of the hypospadias defect, technique of repair, primary repair versus reoperation, age at surgery and complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 520 hypospadias repairs were done from May 1996 through June 1999. We began to perform tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in November 1996. During the ensuing consecutive 32 months 181 primary and 25 repeat hypospadias repairs were done using this technique. Mean patient age at surgery was 22 months (range 3 months to 30 years). During the 6 months immediately before we began to use this method the Mathieu flip-flap procedure was the most commonly performed technique, accounting for 38% of all hypospadias repairs. In contrast, during the last 6 months reviewed tubularized incised plate urethroplasty accounted for 63% of all repairs, including 41 of 65 primary operations (63%) and 4 of 6 reoperations (67%), while no Mathieu procedures were performed. Postoperative followup was 6 to 38 months for tubularized incised plate repair. Overall meatal stenosis and a urethrocutaneous fistula developed in 1 and 14 boys, respectively (7% complication rate).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty has become the preferred technique of primary and repeat hypospadias repair at our institution. The technique has few complications as well as proved success and versatility that continues to expand its applicability and popularity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Borer
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atala
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Cilento
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Retik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods