title: Regulation of the IL-10 production by human T cells.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-10, an immunomodulatory cytokine predominantly produced by monocytes/macrophages and T cells, inhibits several functions of dendritic cells (DC), monocytes and T cells including their cytokine production, but it stimulates B cell immunoglobulin (Ig) production and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) generation. A precise knowledge of the mechanisms that control the IL-10 production is therefore highly important for understanding the immunoregulation. The IL-10 production was studied in cultures of freshly isolated human T cells. A rise in intracellular calcium as well as the common gamma-chain containing cytokine receptor triggering or CD28 triggering were found to be important signals for IL-10 induction. CD80, CD58, rIL-12 and rIFN-alpha all had efficacious and independent costimulatory activities on the IL-10 production, while PGE2 was inhibitory. Dependence on autocrine IL-2 signalling was shown by the effects of anti-IL-2 and anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies (MoAb), but the IL-10 production proceeded partly IL-2-independent when CD80 provided costimulation. Sensitivity to inhibition by CsA was not removed by CD80 or CD58 costimulation and/or by addition of rIL-12 or rIFN-alpha, pointing to the absolute requirement for calcineurin activity. These data reveal important differences in the regulatory pathways between IL-10 (a cytokine-inhibitory interleukin) and IL-2 (a cytokine-inducing interleukin), which can potentially be exploited therapeutically. The fact that CsA blocks the production of IL-10, which itself has important immunosuppressive properties, should be taken into account in defining immunosuppressive treatment schedules which include the use of CsA.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rafiq
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Charitidou
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bullens
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasran
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lorré
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ceuppens
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: van Gool
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000502:physiology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018968:CD58 Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000502:physiology; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D018968:CD58 Antigens; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007370:Interferon Type I; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007476:Ionophores; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015759:Ionomycin; D016572:Cyclosporine; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019703:Calcineurin; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D015232:Dinoprostone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate