title: Angiotensin II blockade reverses myocardial fibrosis in a transgenic mouse model of human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  -Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the young, is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, myocyte disarray, and interstitial fibrosis. We propose that hypertrophy and fibrosis are secondary to the activation of trophic and mitotic factors and, thus, potentially reversible. We determined whether the blockade of angiotensin II, a known cardiotrophic factor, could reverse or attenuate interstitial fibrosis in a transgenic mouse model of human HCM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We randomized 24 adult cardiac troponin T (cTnT-Q(92)) mice, which exhibit myocyte disarray and interstitial fibrosis, to treatment with losartan or placebo and included 12 nontransgenic mice as controls. The mean dose of losartan and the mean duration of therapy were 14.2+/-5.3 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) and 42+/-9.6 days, respectively. Mean age, number of males and females, and heart/body weight ratio were similar in the groups. Collagen volume fraction and extent of myocyte disarray were increased in the cTnT-Q(92) mice (placebo group) compared with nontransgenic mice (9.9+/-6.8% versus 4.5+/-2.2%, P=0.01, and 27.6+/-10.6% versus 3.9+/-2.3%, P<0.001, respectively). Treatment with losartan reduced collagen volume fraction by 49% to 4.9+/-2.9%. The expression of collagen 1alpha (I) and transforming growth factor-beta1, a mediator of angiotensin II profibrotic effect, were also reduced by 50%. Losartan had no effect on myocyte disarray.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with losartan reversed interstitial fibrosis and the expression of collagen 1alpha (I) and transforming growth factor-beta1 in the hearts of cTnT-Q(92) mice. These findings suggest that losartan has the potential to reverse or attenuate interstitial fibrosis, a major predictor of sudden cardiac death, in human patients with HCM.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Sciences and DeBakey Heart Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lutucuta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bachireddy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Youker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Entman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Marian
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D019808:Losartan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D020107:Troponin T / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D020107:Troponin T; D003094:Collagen; D019808:Losartan