title: Similarities and differences in activities and agonistic behavior of male Eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) in captivity and the wild.
abstract: The behavior of free-ranging and captive Eastern grey kangaroos Macropus giganteus, was observed by the same observers, with similar methods and under similar vegetational/climatic conditions in a 4.2-ha enclosure at Neuwied Zoo, Germany and at Grampians National Park, Victoria, Australia. Data were collected from a zoo group of 56 animals and a free-ranging mob of 50 to 60 animals. Males were individually identified and observed: 3 large males, 9 medium males, and 10 small males in the zoo, and 8 large, 9 medium, and approximately 10 small males in the National Park were present. Activities in both situations were very similarly distributed: Feed took up less time in the zoo, resting was almost similar in both situations, alert behavior was significantly different for small and medium males, locomotor activities were similar in large males and females, autogrooming occurred significantly more in the zoo only for females. Frequencies of social interactions were slightly greater for large males and females in the zoo. Agonistic behavior in males was more frequent in the zoo situation, except for ritualized fights. Sequences of agonistic behavior were more predictable in the zoo. No differences in escalation tendencies toward potentially injurious fighting could be found. Zoo Biol 19:529-539, 2000. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Zoological Institute I, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Höhn
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kronschnabl
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gansloßer