title: Hypochlorous acid damages erythrocyte membrane proteins and alters lipid bilayer structure and fluidity.
abstract: Treatment of human erythrocyte membranes with active forms of chlorine (hypochlorous acid and chloramine T) resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of the membrane Na(+), K(+)- and Mg(2+)-ATPases. Membrane protein thiol group oxidation was consistent with inactivation of enzymes and preceded oxidation of tryptophan residues and chloramine formation. Erythrocyte exposure to hypochlorous acid led to complex changes of cell membrane rigidity and cell morphological transformations: cell swelling, echinocyte formation, and haemolysis. The inhibition of ion pump ATPases of human erythrocyte membranes may be due to direct oxidation of essential residues of enzyme (thiol groups) and structural rearrangement of the membrane.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus.
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Zavodnik
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lapshina
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zavodnik
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartosz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soszynski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryszewska
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000187:drug effects; D002700:Chloramines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D005609:Free Radicals; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D008560:Membrane Fluidity / Q000187:drug effects*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000187:drug effects*; D014105:Tosyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002700:Chloramines; D005609:Free Radicals; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; C016300:chloramine-T; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases