title: Embryonic expression of the tumor-associated PAX3-FKHR fusion protein interferes with the developmental functions of Pax3.
abstract: A unique chromosomal translocation involving the genes PAX3 and FKHR is characteristic of most human alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas. The resultant chimeric protein fuses the PAX3 DNA-binding domains to the transactivation domain of FKHR, suggesting that PAX3-FKHR exerts its role in alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas through dysregulation of PAX3-specific target genes. Here, we have produced transgenic mice in which PAX3-FKHR expression was driven by mouse Pax3 promoter/enhancer sequences. Five independent lines expressed PAX3-FKHR in the dorsal neural tube and lateral dermomyotome. Each line exhibited phenotypes that correlated with PAX3-FKHR expression levels and predominantly involved pigmentary disturbances of the abdomen, hindpaws, and tail, with additional neurological related alterations. Phenotypic severity could be increased by reducing Pax3 levels through matings with Pax3-defective Splotch mice, and interference between PAX3 and PAX3-FKHR was apparent in transcription reporter assays. These data suggest that the tumor-associated PAX3-FKHR fusion protein interferes with normal Pax3 developmental functions as a prelude to transformation.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0660, USA. mjanderson@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Shelton
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Cavenee
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Arden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015870:Gene Expression; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000002:abnormalities; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009432:Neural Crest; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018232:Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C467200:Foxo1 protein, mouse; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; C489409:PAX3 protein, human; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C068686:Pax3 protein, mouse