title: SKF-38393, a dopamine receptor agonist, attenuates 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Several factors such as inhibition of the mitochondrial respiration, generation of hydroxyl radicals and reduced free radical defense mechanisms causing oxidative stress, have been postulated to contribute to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treated animals is a useful experimental model of PD, exhibiting most of the clinical features, as well as the main biochemical and pathologic symptoms of the disease. In the present study, we have examined a dopaminergic (D1) receptor agonist, SKF-38393 HCl (SKF) for its possible neuroprotective action against MPTP-induced insults on dopaminergic neurons. MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to its neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+), which is then taken up into the dopaminergic neurons. SKF-38393 had no effects either on total or monoamine oxidase B in the striatum. SKF-38393 blocked the MPTP-induced depletion of glutathione and attenuated MPTP-induced depletion of dopamine. Furthermore, it enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase and hence mimicked the action of selegiline. The results of these studies are interpreted to suggest that SKF-38393 may prove a valuable drug in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Therapeutics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muralikrishnan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebadi
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012642:Selegiline / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012642:Selegiline; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D005978:Glutathione