title: Human uterine and ovarian expression of growth hormone-releasing hormone messenger RNA in benign and malignant gynecologic conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine uterine and ovarian expression of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) messenger RNA (mRNA) in benign and pathologic gynecologic states.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary-care academic department.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women undergoing hysterectomy for benign or malignant gynecologic conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovarian and uterine tissue was obtained for measurement of GHRH mRNA levels by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of GHRH mRNA in normal tissues were compared with those in tissues with pathologic abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Growth hormone-releasing hormone mRNA was detectable in the ovary, endometrium, myometrium, fallopian tubes, and placenta. Levels of GHRH mRNA were significantly increased in secretory endometrium compared with proliferative endometrium. Hormone replacement therapy did not affect endometrial GHRH mRNA levels. Uterine myomas expressed similar levels of GHRH mRNA as normal myometrium. No changes in endometrial GHRH mRNA were detected in endometrial cancers compared with normal endometrium or myometrium obtained from the same patient; however, these levels were higher than those in noncancerous myometrial tissue obtained from other patients with benign gynecologic disease. In ovarian tissue, no differences in GHRH mRNA were found between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Ovarian GHRH mRNA was significantly decreased in endometriotic cysts, whereas significantly greater GHRH expression occurred in ovarian cancer compared with normal ovarian tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial and ovarian GHRH gene transcription are altered in selective physiologic and pathologic states and are influenced by such factors as ovarian hormones. Because it is a growth factor, GHRH may promote endometrial proliferation and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian and endometrial cancer and endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Okhorram@prl.humc.edu
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khorram
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garthwaite
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grosen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Golos
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000378:metabolism*; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000378:metabolism; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014599:Uterus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone