title: Sclerotherapy for venous malformations of the glans penis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous sclerotherapy with polidocanol in 9 patients with venous malformations of the glans penis. Vascular malformations of the external genitalia can be aesthetically and functionally disabling. These lesions are rare and their treatment is still controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients were asymptomatic, seeking advice for cosmetic reasons, and 2 patients had experienced several bleeding episodes during sexual intercourse. In all patients, Doppler ultrasound scanning was performed before treatment. All patients underwent direct intralesional injection of polidocanol. The concentration of the sclerosant varied from 1% to 3%, and the volume of the solution varied from 2 to 4 mL per injection. Four patients required multiple sclerotherapeutic sessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients experienced marked swelling after the injection and three developed cutaneous blistering. Neither cutaneous necrosis nor early or late major complications occurred. At a mean follow-up of 35.1 months, 7 patients were cured and 2 had marked improvement. No patients presented with signs of recurrence, and the outcome was overall cosmetically successful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sclerotherapy with polidocanol is a well-tolerated, safe, and effective treatment for venous malformations of the penis. In our opinion, it can be considered the treatment of choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery and Pathology, Center for Vascular Anomalies, "Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata," IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Marrocco-Trischitta
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nicodemi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stillo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D006456:Hemoglobinuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000077423:Polidocanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000077423:Polidocanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate