title: The European acamprosate trials: conclusions for research and therapy.
abstract: In an excellent methodological approach, the European acamprosate study project showed that acamprosate increases sobriety times. In one randomized prospective study (n = 260) comparing acamprosate and placebo, with a 1-year treatment phase and 1-year follow-up phase, the authors found that acamprosate is effective only in Lesch type I and type II patients. To investigate the possible influence of diagnostic subgrouping, we applied the Lesch typology in a co-work with the main researchers of the UK study. The UK results concerning acamprosate's effects in the types do not mirror the Vienna results, but the numbers of type I and type II patients, retrospectively found as included in the UK centers, were too small for any conclusions. The distribution of the types points to the fact that too many type III and IV patients had been included to give acamprosate the chance to be effective. Following our typology and also these studies, we developed special treatment approaches. For relapse prevention studies, the cumulative abstinence duration together with the Lesch typology seems to be promising.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Otto.M.Lesch@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Lesch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riegler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hertling
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramskogler
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Semler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zoghlami
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000077443:Acamprosate; D000427:Alcohol Deterrents / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005060:Europe; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000427:Alcohol Deterrents; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D013654:Taurine; D000077443:Acamprosate