title: Selection of oral microbial adhesion antagonists using biotinylated Streptococcus sanguis and a human mixed oral microflora.
abstract: A microtitre assay has been developed using hydroxyapatite-coated wells and Streptococcus sanguis NCTC 10904 at 10(7) cells per ml. A number of models representing toothpaste and mouthwash usage were adopted to detect the anti-adherent efficacy of a polyvinylmethylether maleic acid copolymer (PVM/MA), polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene block copolymer (PO/EO), two casein-derived peptides and selected silicones. The results not only confirmed the anti-adherence property of the selected components but also indicated possible molecular interactions leading to the observed performance. To account for the diversity of oral microbial cells in vivo, a further testing system was developed. This involved submerging a hydroxyapatite disc in a mixed culture of human salivary microbial cells, and exposing it to different treatments using the active component either in an aqueous dispersion or in a toothpaste. The effect of toothpastes containing PO/EO, dimethicone copoyol or PVM/MA was investigated over a 4-h incubation with microflora. These tests showed that in a toothpaste formulation the anti-adherent efficacy may be reduced when compared with an aqueous dispersion containing the same or nearly the same concentration of the active component.
authors.affiliation: University of Sheffield and Boots National Centre for Applied Research into Oral Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK. y.h.guan@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Lath
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marlow
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D017886:Durapatite; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011060:Poloxalene / Q000494:pharmacology; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D012841:Simethicone / Q000494:pharmacology; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008298:Maleates; D011095:Polyethylenes; D014100:Toothpastes; D012841:Simethicone; D011060:Poloxalene; C043105:poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride); D017886:Durapatite