title: An easy method for the intraluminal administration of peppermint oil before colonoscopy and its effectiveness in reducing colonic spasm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Systemic administration of a cholinergic blocking agent or glucagon is used to reduce spasms, but it is inconvenient and sometimes causes side effects. This study is an evaluation of the intracolonic administration of peppermint oil during colonoscopy for the control of colonic spasm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each patient in the treated group (n = 409) was given approximately 200 mL of the solution (a mixture of 8 mL of peppermint oil and 0.2 mL of Tween 80 per 1 L of water with 0.04% indigo carmine) by using a hand pump attached to the accessory channel of the colonoscope. Changes in patient posture were made to distribute the solution. The patients in the control group (n = 36) were given the solution without peppermint oil.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A satisfactory spasmolytic effect was seen in 88.5% of the treated patients and in 33.3% of those in the control group (p<0.0001). No adverse effect was observed. The mean time to onset was 21.6 +/- 15.0 seconds, and the effect continued for at least 20 minutes. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome, efficacy was significantly lower (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intraluminal administration of peppermint oil by using a hand pump is a simple, safe, and convenient alternative to the systemic injection of a cholinergic blocking agent or glucagon during colonoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asao
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mochiki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shitara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020685:Colonoscopes; D003113:Colonoscopy; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D036142:Mentha piperita; D008875:Middle Aged; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013035:Spasm / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010938:Plant Oils; C015424:peppermint oil