title: Myofibroblasts defined by electron microscopy suggest the dedifferentiation of smooth muscle within the sac walls associated with congenital inguinal hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain the presence of myofibroblasts in sacs associated with inguinal hernia in children, through an ultrastructural evaluation using electron microscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sacs were obtained from 10 boys and 10 girls (of similar age, approximately 45 months) with inguinal hernia and processed for electron microscopy. Thin sections were examined specifically for the presence of myofibroblasts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ultrastructural evaluation showed myofibroblasts with classical electron microscopic features within all of the sacs, regardless of the gender of origin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The persistence of smooth muscle hinders the obliteration of the processus vaginalis; myofibroblasts are found in association with smooth muscle and thus such cells within the sac walls seem to originate from the smooth muscle, reflecting the dedifferentiation of smooth muscle. This dedifferentiated state may represent attempted apoptosis, which usually causes the disappearance of the smooth muscle and obliteration of the processus vaginalis after the descent of the testis into the scrotum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. ctanyel@gen.hun.edu.tr
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Tanyel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müftüoglu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagdeviren
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Kaymaz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Büyükpamukçu
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013737:Testis