title: Effect of surface roughness and calcium phosphate coating on the implant/bone response.
abstract: The influence of surface roughness and calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coating on the bone response of titanium implants was investigated. Four types of titanium implants, i.e. as-machined, grit blasted, as-machined with Ca-P sputter coating, and grit blasted with Ca-P sputter coating, were prepared. The Ca-P sputter-coating, produced by using the RF magnetron sputter technique, was rapid heat-treated with infrared radiation at 600 degrees C. These implants were inserted into the left and right femoral condyles and the left and right tibial diaphyses of the rabbits. After implantation periods of 2 and 12 weeks, the bone-implant interface was evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. Histological evaluation revealed no new bone formation around different implant materials after 2 weeks of implantation. After 12 weeks, bone healing was almost completed. For both tibial and femoral implants, Ca-P coated implants always showed a higher amount of bone contact than either of the non-coated implants. On the other hand, surface roughness improved only the response to implants inserted into the tibial diaphysis. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that 1) deposition of a sputtered Ca-P coating on an implant has a beneficial effect on the bone response to this implant during the healing phase, and 2) besides implant surface conditions the bone response is also determined by local implant site conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshinari
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wolke
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003461:Crystallography; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008872:Microwaves; D016348:Osseointegration; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011817:Rabbits; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014945:Wound Healing; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous; D000537:Aluminum Oxide