title: [Ovarian functional disorders].
abstract: Ovarian hormonal function is under hypothalamo-hypophysis control during the genital life of women. Local hormonal production induces follicular stimulation and maturation. Two main types of functional disorder can be observed: unilocular cyst, related to an ovulation mechanism, and polycystic ovaries. The former is a follicular cyst related to the absence of LH stimulation, or a luteal cyst, which may be anechoic or display a heterogeneous content (pseudo-septa, pseudo-solid but avascular mass). The latter includes the polycystic ovarian syndrome, which is characterized by an increased ovarian area ( 6cm(2)), stroma and follicles number, the multifollicular ovaries, which are related to functional hypothalamic anovulation and characterized by a normal ovarian size with increased follicles number, and macropolycystic ovaries which are observed in case of previous pelvic infection disease or surgery. Functional disorders may be observed during pregnancy: luteoma, luteal cyst and hyperreactio luteinalis. Finally, ovarian insufficiency may occur too early.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bazot
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mestdagh
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boudghène
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rocourt
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography