title: Nitric oxide contributes to vascular smooth muscle relaxation in contracting fast-twitch muscles.
abstract: During skeletal muscle contraction, NO derived from neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in skeletal muscle fibers or from endothelial cells (eNOS) may relax vascular smooth muscle contributing to functional hyperemia. To examine the relative importance of these pathways, smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain (smRLC) phosphorylation was assessed as an index of vascular tone in isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from C57, nNOS(-/-), and eNOS(-/-) mice. The smRLC phosphorylation (in mol phosphate per mol smRLC) in C57 resting muscles (0.12 +/- 0.04) was increased 3.7-fold (0.44 +/- 0.03) by phenylephrine (PE). Reversal of this increase with electrical stimulation (to 0.19 +/- 0.03; P < 0.05) was partially blocked by N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine (NLA). In nNOS(-/-) EDL, the PE-induced increase in smRLC phosphorylation (0.10 +/- 0.02 to 0.49 +/- 0.04) was partially decreased by stimulation (0.25 +/- 0.04). In eNOS(-/-) EDL, the control value for smRLC was increased (0.24 +/- 0.04), and PE-induced smRLC phosphorylation (0.36 +/- 0.06) was decreased by stimulation even in the presence of NLA (to 0.20 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05). These results suggest that in addition to NO-independent mechanisms, NO derived from both nNOS and eNOS plays a role in the integrative vascular response of contracting skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235-9040, USA. rgrange@vt.edu
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Grange
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Isotani
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kamm
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Stull
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005838:Genotype; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496321:Nos1 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse