title: Can clinical pharmacists affect SF-36 scores in veterans at high risk for medication-related problems?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An objective of pharmaceutical care is for pharmacists to improve patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) by optimizing medication therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether ambulatory care clinical pharmacists could affect HRQOL in veterans who were likely to experience a drug-related problem.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 9-site, randomized, controlled trial involving Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs). Patients were eligible if they met > or = 3 criteria for being at high risk for drug-related problems. Enrolled patients were randomized to either usual medical care or usual medical care plus clinical pharmacist interventions. HRQOL was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire administered at baseline and at 6 and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 1,054 patients were enrolled; 523 were randomized to intervention, and 531 to control. After patient age, site, and chronic disease score were controlled for, the only domain that was significantly different between groups over time was the bodily pain scale, which converged to similar values at the end of the study. Patients' rating of the change in health status in the past 12 months was statistically different between groups, intervention patients declining less (-2.4 units) than control subjects (-6.3 units) (P < 0.004). This difference was not considered clinically meaningful. However, a dose-response relationship was observed for general health perceptions (P = 0.004), vitality (P = 0.006), and change in health over the past year (P = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that clinical pharmacists had no significant impact on HRQOL as measured by the SF-36 for veterans at high risk for medication-related problems.
authors.affiliation: University of Colordao Health Sciences Center, USA. Malone@pharmacy.arizona.edu
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Malone
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Billups
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Valuck
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barnette
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Sintek
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Covey
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guthrie
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sloboda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dombrowski
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Geraets
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Amato
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D006302:Health Services Research; D006304:Health Status; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000592:standards*; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017749:Total Quality Management; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*