title: Clinico-diagnostic experience with tuberculous lymphadenitis in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the diagnosis and outcomes of tuberculous lymphadenitis in a low HIV-seroprevalence population at a hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series of tuberculous lymphadenitis from 1983 to 1998 were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 99 cases with a median age of 38 years and a female preponderance (female/male ratio of 1.3 : 1). Eighty per cent had cervical involvement and 36% had systemic symptoms. Eighty-nine per cent had their lymphadenopathy for more than 1 month. The diagnostic yield of tuberculin skin testing was 83%, of chest X-ray was 27%, of fine-needle aspiration was 46%, and of excisional lymph node biopsy was 97%. Only one-third of patients received a tuberculin test. There was no significant difference in outcome between 6 and 9 months of chemotherapy, and paradoxical enlargement of nodes occurred in only 6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tuberculous lymphadenitis in our study population was predominantly cervical in location. The diagnostic yield of FNA was lower than that reported in the literature, and might be improved by more frequent tuberculin skin testing, multiple aspirations of lymph nodes, or use of excisional biopsy as the initial diagnostic procedure. Most patients responded well to chemotherapy, with few complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Memish@ngha.med.sa
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Memish
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bannatyne
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D009333:Neck; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013909:Thorax; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*