title: Cabbage cryoprotectin is a member of the nonspecific plant lipid transfer protein gene family.
abstract: We have recently purified a protein (cryoprotectin) from the leaves of cold-acclimated cabbage (Brassica oleracea) to electrophoretic homogeneity, which protects thylakoids isolated from the leaves of nonacclimated spinach (Spinacia oleracea) from freeze-thaw damage. Sequencing of cryoprotectin showed the presence of at least three isoforms of WAX9 proteins, which belong to the class of nonspecific lipid transfer proteins. Antibodies raised against two synthetic peptides derived from the WAX9 proteins recognized a band of approximately 10 kD in western blots of crude cryoprotectin preparations. This protein and the cryoprotective activity could be precipitated from solution by the antiserum. We show further that cryoprotectin is structurally and functionally different from WAX9 isolated from the surface wax of cabbage leaves. WAX9 has lipid transfer activity for phosphatidylcholine, but no cryoprotective activity. Cryoprotectin, on the other hand, has cryoprotective, but no lipid transfer activity. The cryoprotective activity of cryoprotectin was strictly dependent on Ca(2+) and Mn(2+) and could be inhibited by chelating agents, whereas the lipid transfer activity of WAX9 was higher in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate than in the presence of Ca(2+) and Mn(2+).
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie und Mikrobiologie, Freie Universität, Königin Luise-Strasse 12-16, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Hinch@mpimp-golm.mpg.de
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Hincha
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Neukamm
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Sror
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sieg
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weckwarth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rückels
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lullien-Pellerin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D001937:Brassica / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D052179:Antigens, Plant; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C511920:lipid transfer proteins, plant