title: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide activates K(ATP) current in rat atrial myocytes.
abstract: Because the electrophysiological effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) on the heart are little known, we studied the regulation of the atrial ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) current by PACAP on primary cultured neonatal rat atrial myocytes. PACAP-38 stimulates cAMP production with EC(50) = 0.28 nmol/l (r = 0.92, P < 0.02). PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 (10 nmol/l) have similar maximal effects, whereas 100 nmol/l vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is 2.7 times less effective (P < 0.05). RT-PCR shows the presence of cloned PACAP receptors PAC(1) (> or =2 isoforms), VPAC(1), and VPAC(2). PACAP-38 dose dependently activates the whole cell atrial K(ATP) current with EC(50) = 1-3 nmol/l (n = 44). Maximal effects occur at 10 nmol/l (91 +/- 15 pA/pF, n = 18). Diazoxide further increases the PACAP-activated current by 78% (P < 0.05; n = 6). H(89) (500 nmol/l), a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, reduces the PACAP-activated K(ATP) current to 17.8 +/- 9.6% (n = 5) of the maximal diazoxide-induced current and totally inhibits the cAMP-induced K(ATP) current. A protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor peptide (50 micromol/l) in the pipette reduces the PACAP-38-induced K(ATP) current to 33 +/- 17 pA/pF (P < 0.05, n = 6) without significantly affecting the currents induced by cAMP or VIP. The results suggest that: 1) PAC(1), VPAC(1), and VPAC(2) are present in atrial myocytes; and 2) PACAP-38 activates the atrial K(ATP) channels through both PKA and PKC pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Centre Médical Universitaire, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monnier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roatti
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Baertschi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000166:cytology; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C495403:Adcyap1 protein, rat; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007546:Isoquinolines; D009479:Neuropeptides; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D015221:Potassium Channels; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; C063509:N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide