title: Sphincteric events during penile vibratory ejaculation and electroejaculation in men with spinal cord injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigate internal and external sphincter responses during penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation in men with spinal cord injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ejaculation induction with simultaneous recording of external and internal sphincter pressures was performed in 9 spinal cord injured men. Of the patients with upper motor neuron lesions 3 underwent penile vibratory stimulation and 3 underwent electroejaculation. In 3 men who did not respond to PVS, including 1 with upper motor neuron and 2 with lower motor neuron lesions, penile vibratory stimulation and subsequent electroejaculation were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In successful penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation upper motor neuron cases external sphincter pressure first reached a peak (average 180 cm. H2O) and subsequently decrease followed in 3 to 10 seconds by a peak in internal sphincter pressure (average 178 cm. H2O), which exceeded external sphincter pressure and ejaculation occurred. During electroejaculation, the pattern progressed, despite complete discontinuation of electrical stimulation. In electroejaculation, there was a trend for a more rapid return of external sphincter pressure greater than internal sphincter pressure, which may explain the electroejaculation retrograde fraction. In nonresponders external sphincter pressure never increased to more than 105 cm. H2O in response to penile vibratory stimulation and no ejaculation was induced. In nonresponders to penile vibratory stimulation, electroejaculation induced a typical sustained increase in internal sphincter pressure and external sphincter pressure but at lower peak pressures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Forceful contraction of the external sphincter followed by contraction of the internal sphincter always precedes ejaculation during electroejaculation and penile vibratory stimulation. Similarities between penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation suggest that the latter induces ejaculation via a complex neurological pathway rather than by simple direct end organ stimulation. The sustained nature of the response to electroejaculation suggests that electrical stimulation should be stopped completely during ejaculation to allow more relaxation of the external sphincter, as this may lead to a decrease in the retrograde fraction.
authors.affiliation: Section of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sønksen
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ohl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wedemeyer
mesh_terms: D004542:Ejaculation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis; D011312:Pressure; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014732:Vibration