title: Activation of STAT proteins and growth control.
abstract: This review will discuss how STAT (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) proteins, a group of transcription factors that transmit signals from the extracellular surface of cells to the nucleus, are involved in growth control. I will discuss the anatomy of a STAT protein, how it works as a transcription factor, the molecules that regulate its "activity", the phenotypes of mice that lack individual STAT proteins and their involvement in growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and transformation. Finally, a number of examples will be presented of how dysregulated STAT signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, NY 10021, USA. bromberj@mskcc.org
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bromberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008894:Milk Proteins; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050797:STAT4 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; C494084:STAT2 protein, human; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D050797:STAT4 Transcription Factor; C494090:STAT4 protein, human; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; C494080:Stat1 protein, mouse; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; C494091:Stat4 protein, mouse; C494100:Stat6 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators