title: Unusual complication of retrograde dissection to the coronary sinus of valsalva during percutaneous revascularization: a single-center experience and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While coronary dissection, which is one of the most frequently occurring complications during interventional procedures, has various forms, extensive coronary dissection retrograde to the coronary sinus of Valsalva (CSV) is very rarely observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the last 5 years, we retrospectively reviewed our experience with 4,700 consecutive patients who underwent angioplasty procedures, 7 of whom (0.15%) developed extensive coronary dissection retrograde to the CSV. Six of the seven patients developed retrograde dissection of the right CSV during angioplasty to the right coronary artery. One of the seven patents developed retrograde dissection of the left CSV during angioplasty to the left anterior descending artery. Retrograde dissection, which extended to the ascending aorta in two patients, was observed by transthoracic echocardiography and surgical findings, respectively. Five patients were successfully treated by coronary stenting. However, this complication caused four patients to have acute myocardial infarctions, resulting in emergency surgery for one patient and in-hospital death for another.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience increased our understanding of this very rare complication. However, this complication may be life threatening, and patients in this clinical setting may have a potential risk for acute myocardial infarction, emergency surgery, or even sudden cardiac death. Therefore, it is important to learn how to promptly diagnose and manage this complication.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000209:etiology*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012850:Sinus of Valsalva; D015607:Stents