title: The relationship of acute transfusion-associated hepatitis to the development of cirrhosis in the presence of alcohol abuse.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although concomitant alcoholism is widely believed to enhance liver disease progression in persons with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, this relationship has not been well quantified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the relationship of transfusion-associated HCV infection and history of heavy alcohol abuse to development of cirrhosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver clinics in university and government hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extended follow-up of 1030 patients in prospective investigations of transfusion-associated viral hepatitis conducted in the United States between 1968 and 1980.
  
  
  METHODS
  Development of cirrhosis and history of heavy alcohol abuse were determined from review of interviews with patients or their proxies, medical records, death certificates, and autopsy and biopsy reports. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for cirrhosis associated with transfusion-associated HCV infection and history of heavy alcohol abuse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absolute risk for cirrhosis was 17% among patients with transfusion-associated HCV; 3.2% among patients with transfusion-associated non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis; and 2.8% among controls. Patients with transfusion-associated HCV were more likely than controls to develop cirrhosis (odds ratio, 7.8 [95% CI, 4.0 to 15.1]). A history of heavy alcohol abuse was associated with a fourfold increased risk for cirrhosis. Hepatitis C virus infection plus a history of heavy alcohol abuse led to a substantial increase in risk for cirrhosis (odds ratio, 31.1 [CI, 11.4 to 84.5]) compared with controls without such a history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heavy alcohol abuse greatly exacerbates the risk for cirrhosis among patients with HCV infection. This finding emphasizes the need to counsel such patients about their drinking habits.
authors.affiliation: Westat, 1650 Research Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonin
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Z J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Buskell
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hollinger
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Seeff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction