title: Serum antibody response induced in mice after oral administration of three different antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in enteric coated microparticles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric digestion of these antigens plays an important role, decreasing the ability to deliver antigens to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. To overcome this obstacle, microencapsulated antigens from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were evaluated for oral immunization of mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four groups of 10 each received 3 series of 3 doses each of (1) B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), similar to heat-labile toxin of ETEC, (2) formalin-killed whole cell ETEC H10407 (FK-ETEC), (3) crude preparation of colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I), or (4) placebo. Serum antibody was measured on day 0 and 60 by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1 a CTB antibody response was induced in all mice, 3 with 1:105 titer and 7 with 1:106. These antibodies neutralized cholera toxin-induced steriodogenesis of Y-1 adrenal cells. In group 2, 8 mice developed a whole H10407 bacteria antibody titer of 1:100, one 1:200 and one showed no immune response. In the same group, an anti-CFA/I response was observed in 6 mice and anti-LPS in 4 mice as determined by Western blot. All mice in group 3 showed > 1:104 anti-CFA/I antibody titer. Group 4 mice did not develop an immune response to any ETEC antigens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microencapsulation appears to be a suitable approach for oral vaccination against ETEC and Vibrio cholerae.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas-Houston Medical School and School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: DuPont
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mathewson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D008689:Methacrylates; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D008689:Methacrylates; C008384:methacrylic acid; D002772:Cholera Toxin