title: Tryptophan glycoconjugate as a novel marker of renal function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neither serum creatinine concentration nor creatinine clearance assess renal function accurately. Serum creatinine concentration is affected by muscle mass, and the creatinine clearance overestimates the glomerular filtration rate because of tubular secretion of creatinine. The present study was designed to determine whether serum concentrations of 2-(alpha-mannopyranosyl)-L-tryptophan (MPT), a tryptophan glycoconjugate, can be used as a marker of renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clearances of MPT and of inulin were compared in normal rats and in rats with cisplatin-induced acute renal failure. We also compared the clearances of MPT and of creatinine with inulin clearance in 25 patients with chronic renal disease. Serum concentrations of MPT and creatinine as a function of MPT clearance were determined in 108 patients with chronic renal disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was strong linear correlation between clearances of MPT and inulin in rats (r = 0.97) and humans (r = 0.87), indicating that renal handling of MPT is similar to that of inulin. In humans, linear regression analyses indicated that MPT was a better indicator of inulin clearance than was creatinine clearance. At the same level of renal function, serum creatinine concentrations tended to be lower in patients with less muscle mass (as indicated by a urinary creatinine excretion <1,000 mg in 24 hours) than in those who excreted >1,000 mg in 24 hours, whereas serum MPT concentrations were not affected by creatinine excretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MPT clearance can replace inulin clearance in the clinical setting. The serum MPT concentration is an accurate measure of renal function even in patients with diminished muscle mass, and thus is a better indicator of renal function than is the serum creatinine concentration.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahira
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yonemura
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yonekawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujise
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hishida
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002945:Cisplatin; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007444:Inulin / Q000097:blood; D007661:Ketoses / Q000097:blood*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C421662:2-(mannopyranosyl)-tryptophan; D015415:Biomarkers; D007661:Ketoses; D014364:Tryptophan; D007444:Inulin; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin