title: Novel type Arabidopsis thaliana H(+)-PPase is localized to the Golgi apparatus.
abstract: Vacuolar H(+)-PPase, a membrane bound proton-translocating pyrophosphatase found in various species including plants, some protozoan and prokaryotes, has been demonstrated to be localized to the vacuolar membrane in plants. Using a GUS reporter system and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein, we investigated the tissue distribution and the subcellular localization, respectively, of a novel type H(+)-PPase encoded by AVP2/AVPL1 identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. We showed that AVP2/AVPL1 is highly expressed at the trichome and the filament of stamen. Furthermore, the fluorescence of GFP-tagged AVP2/AVPL1 showed small dot-like structures that were observed throughout the cytoplasm of various Arabidopsis cells under a fluorescent microscope. The distribution of this dot-like fluorescent pattern was apparently affected by a treatment with brefeldin A. Moreover, we demonstrated that most dot-like fluorescent structures colocalized with a Golgi resident protein. These findings suggest that this novel type H(+)-PPase resides on the Golgi apparatus rather than the vacuolar membrane.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mitsuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Enami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeyasu
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D020126:Brefeldin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018514:Plant Structures / Q000201:enzymology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020126:Brefeldin A; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase