title: MT1-MMP initiates activation of pro-MMP-2 and integrin alphavbeta3 promotes maturation of MMP-2 in breast carcinoma cells.
abstract: We evaluated cellular mechanisms involved in the activation pathway of matrix prometalloproteinase-2 (pro-MMP-2), an enzyme implicated in the malignant progression of many tumor types. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) cleaves the N-terminal prodomain of pro-MMP-2 thus generating the activation intermediate that then matures into the fully active enzyme of MMP-2. Our results provide evidence on how a collaboration between MT1-MMP and integrin alphavbeta3 promotes more efficient activation and specific, transient docking of the activation intermediate and, further, the mature, active enzyme of MMP-2 at discrete regions of cells. We show that coexpression of MT1-MMP and integrin alphavbeta3 in MCF7 breast carcinoma cells specifically enhances in trans autocatalytic maturation of MMP-2. The association of MMP-2's C-terminal hemopexin-like domain with those molecules of integrin alphavbeta3 which are proximal to MT1-MMP facilitates MMP-2 maturation. Vitronectin, a specific ligand of integrin alphavbeta3, competitively blocked the integrin-dependent maturation of MMP-2. Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation studies supported clustering of MT1-MMP and integrin alphavbeta3 at discrete regions of the cell surface. Evidently, the identified mechanisms appear to be instrumental to clustering active MMP-2 directly at the invadopodia and invasive front of alphavbeta3-expressing cells or in their close vicinity, thereby accelerating tumor cell locomotion.
authors.affiliation: The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Deryugina
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ratnikov
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monosov
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Postnova
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DiScipio
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Strongin
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology; D002465:Cell Movement; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000201:enzymology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005910:Glioma / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053402:PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019096:Vitronectin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011506:Proteins; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019096:Vitronectin; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D053402:PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase; C506231:PHEX protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2