title: Adenosine-induced late preconditioning in mouse hearts: role of p38 MAP kinase and mitochondrial K(ATP) channels.
abstract: We investigated the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and opening of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) [(K(ATP))(mito)] channel in the adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)AR)-induced delayed cardioprotective effect in the mouse heart. Adult male mice were treated with vehicle (5% DMSO) or the A(1)AR agonist 2-chloro-N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA; 0.1 mg/kg ip). Twenty-four hours later, hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion in the Langendorff mode. Genistein or SB-203580 (1 mg/kg i.p.) given 30 min before CCPA treatment was used to block receptor tyrosine kinase or p38 MAPK phosphorylation, respectively. 5-Hydroxydecanoate (5-HD; 200 microM) was used to block (K(ATP))(mito) channels. CCPA produced marked improvement in left ventricular function, which was partially blocked by SB-203580 and 5-HD and completely abolished with genistein. CCPA caused a reduction in infarct size (12.0 +/- 2.0 vs. 30.3 +/- 3.0% in vehicle), which was blocked by genistein (29.4 +/- 2.3%), SB-203580 (28.3 +/- 2.6%), and 5-HD (33.9 +/- 2.4%). CCPA treatment also caused increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK during ischemia, which was blocked by genistein, SB-203580, and 5-HD. The results suggest that A(1)AR-triggered delayed cardioprotection is mediated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Blockade of cardioprotection with 5-HD concomitant with decrease in p38 MAPK phosphorylation suggests a potential role of (K(ATP))(mito) channel opening in phosphorylation and ensuing the late preconditioning effect of A(1)AR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hines
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kukreja
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000241:Adenosine