Breast cancer: dietary and environmental oestrogens.
Breast cancer is among the most common of the cancers that occur in women living in western societies. It is a much-feared disease and the risks are confusing and often badly reported. Oestrogen levels are a known risk factor. But is it possible to lower the risk? And where are all the oestrogens coming from?
Clarke
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The Vincent T Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. clarker@gunet.georgetown.edu
Hilakivi-Clarke
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Trock
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D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000009:adverse effects
D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D004967:Estrogens; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D007529:Isoflavones; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D015262:Xenobiotics