title: StAR protein is increased by muscarinic receptor activation in human luteinized granulosa cells.
abstract: Cultured human luteinized granulosa cells (GC) are a unique model to study regulation of the human corpus luteum, e.g. by local factors, including acetylcholine (ACh). GC express functional ACh-receptors of the M1-type (M1R). Priming with the cholinergic agonist carbachol for 24 h, followed by a 24 h stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), significantly increased progesterone levels (up to 2-fold), compared with hCG stimulation alone. This is likely due to the effect of carbachol, observed after 24 h, to increase the levels of steroid acute regulatory (StAR) protein, as found in Western blots. StAR protein was increased (2-10-fold), while P450 side chain cleavage (SCC) enzyme was unaffected. Thus, one role of muscarinic receptor activation in human GC is regulation of StAR protein and, subsequently, progesterone production.
authors.affiliation: Anatomisches Institut, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, D-80802, Munich, Germany. s.fritz@lrz.tum.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grünert
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Stocco
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hales
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayerhofer
mesh_terms: D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; D011374:Progesterone; D002217:Carbachol