title: [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report our experience of the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteric reflux in children by submucosal injection of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon).
  
  
  METHODS
  From April 1995 to September 1999 we treated 30 cases of vesicoureteric reflux in 22 children aged 19 months to 8 years. All the children underwent general anesthesia and subureteric injection of polytetrafluoroethylene paste with a pediatric cystoscope. Patients were discharged the day of the operation and were followed-up 15 days, six months and one year postoperatively with ultrasound and radionuclide cystography. When reflux persisted, the treatment was repeated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Open surgery was performed in one patient with reflux after two repeat injections. Another patient underwent a second, successful, injection. The overall success rate with endoscopic treatment was 96.5% and only one injection was required in 93.1%. None of the patients required hospitalization because of complications due to the operation or the endoscopic technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We consider submucosal injection of Teflon to be a first-line technique in the treatment of vesicoureteric reflux in children. The success rate is similar to that of open surgery but with endoscopic treatment morbidity and costs are lower and hospital stay is shorter.
authors.affiliation: Servicios de UrologíaServicios de UrologíaServicios de Urología. m.uroh@hcu.blesa.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López López
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez Zalabardo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez Elipe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valdivia Uría
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valle Gerhold
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jiménez Vidal
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012086:Reoperation; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013997:Time Factors; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene