Transesophageal echocardiography in stroke.
Fifteen to twenty percent of all ischemic strokes are of cardioembolic origin. Since the introduction of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in 1976, its clinical application in the diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke has expanded greatly. Comprehensive literature has accumulated showing TEE as an invaluable tool for the diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke because it allows superior visualization of established embolic stroke risk factors (apical thrombus, endocarditis) as well as the identification of newer factors (patent foramen ovale, aortic arch plaques, etc.). In this article, we summarize the present status of TEE in the diagnostic workup of stroke.
Rodriguez
C
C
Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, PH 3-342, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Homma
S
S
Di Tullio
M
M
D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006322:Heart Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*