title: The transcription factor GATA6 is essential for branching morphogenesis and epithelial cell differentiation during fetal pulmonary development.
abstract: Recent loss-of-function studies in mice show that the transcription factor GATA6 is important for visceral endoderm differentiation. It is also expressed in early bronchial epithelium and the observation that this tissue does not receive any contribution from Gata6 double mutant embryonic stem (ES) cells in chimeric mice suggests that GATA6 may play a crucial role in lung development. The aim of this study was to determine the role of GATA6 in fetal pulmonary development. We show that Gata6 mRNA is expressed predominantly in the developing pulmonary endoderm and epithelium, but at E15.5 also in the pulmonary mesenchyme. Blocking or depleting GATA6 function results in diminished branching morphogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. TTF1 expression is unaltered in chimeric lungs whereas SPC and CC10 expression are attenuated in abnormally branched areas of chimeric lungs. Chimeras generated in a ROSA26 background show that endodermal cells in these abnormally branched areas are derived from Gata6 mutant ES cells, implicating that the defect is intrinsic to the endoderm. Taken together, these data demonstrate that GATA6 is not essential for endoderm specification, but is required for normal branching morphogenesis and late epithelial cell differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keijzer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Tuyl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meijers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tibboel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grosveld
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koutsourakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002678:Chimera / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D050993:GATA6 Transcription Factor; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014598:Uteroglobin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050993:GATA6 Transcription Factor; C494760:Gata6 protein, mouse; C110853:Gt(ROSA)26Sor non-coding RNA, mouse; C000614414:Nkx2-1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; C556390:Scgb1a1 protein, mouse; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014598:Uteroglobin