title: Production of IL-1 receptor antagonist by hepatocytes is regulated as an acute-phase protein in vivo.
abstract: IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is produced by isolated human hepatocytes with characteristics of an acute-phase protein. There are multiple IL-1Ra peptides, one secreted (sIL-1Ra) and three intracellular (icIL-1Ra1, 2, 3). sIL-1Ra, but not icIL-1Ra1, mRNA is transcribed by cultured human hepatocytes. In this study, we examined in vivo production of IL-1Ra by the liver in mice in two experimental models of acute-phase response, systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration and local turpentine injection. Liver sIL-1Ra expression was up-regulated in response to both types of stimulation. After LPS injection, the hepatic production of sIL-1Ra correlated with the increase in plasma IL-1Ra levels. In addition, the total amount of IL-1Ra present in the liver after LPS injection was six- and tenfold higher than in the lung and spleen. As assessed by in situ hybridization, sIL-1Ra, but not icIL-1Ra, mRNA was produced by hepatocytes in vivo after LPS injection. Using IL-6(-/-) mice, we demonstrated that in turpentine-induced inflammation production of IL-1Ra mRNA by the liver is regulated by IL-6. In contrast, local production of IL-1Ra is independent of IL-6. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-1Ra is produced by the liver as an acute-phase protein in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Cem.Gabay@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gabay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gigley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sipe
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Arend
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fantuzzi
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; C507764:Il1rn protein, mouse; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins