A mechanical evaluation of TiO2-gritblasted and Ca-P magnetron sputter coated implants placed into the trabecular bone of the goat: Part 1.
The influence of Ca-P magnetron sputter coated implants on the mechanical anchorage was evaluated in a goat model. Therefore, uncoated and coated screw designed commercially pure titanium TiO2-blasted implants were inserted into the trabecular bone of the femoral condyles of 12 goats. The thicknesses of the coatings were 0.1 micron (CaP-0.1), 1.0 micron (CaP-1) and 4.0 microns (CaP-4). In addition, uncoated TiO2-blasted implants (Ti) were used as control. Evaluation of the interface strength and appearance, using torque test and scanning electron microscopy, was done at implantation periods of 6 and 12 weeks. Although, especially at 6 weeks of implantation, the Ca-P coated implants showed higher failure torque values than the TiO2 blasted implants, the observed differences for type of implant and evaluation period were not significant (P > 0.1). SEM evaluation showed that all implants with failure values of more than 100 N conducted bone growth into their screw threads. In addition, we observed that the fracture plane for the CaP-4 implants was situated at the coating-implant interface or inside the coating. For the CaP-1 and CaP-0.1 the fracture line could not be determined definitely. For the Ti implants, the fracture torque testing resulted in failure at the bone-implant interface. Therefore, we conclude that all implants resulted in a good bonding strength with the surrounding bone. The sputtered Ca-P coatings seemed to improve the initial fixation of the TiO2 blasted implants.
Vercaigne
S
S
Department of Biomaterials, College of Dental Science, University of Nijmegen, POB 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Wolke
J G
JG
Naert
I
I
Jansen
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003461:Crystallography; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006041:Goats; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008872:Microwaves; D016348:Osseointegration; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D019415:Torque; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; C009495:titanium dioxide; C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous