title: Modulation of synaptic transmission by nociceptin/orphanin FQ and nocistatin in the spinal cord dorsal horn of mutant mice lacking the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor.
abstract: Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and nocistatin (NST) are two neuropeptides derived from the same precursor protein that exhibit opposing effects on spinal neurotransmission and nociception. Here, we have used whole-cell, patch-clamp recordings from visually identified neurons in spinal cord dorsal horn slices of genetically modified mice to investigate the role of the N/OFQ receptor (N/OFQ-R) in the modulatory action of both peptides on excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory glycinergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic synaptic transmission. In wild-type mice, N/OFQ selectively suppressed excitatory transmission in a concentration-dependent manner but left inhibitory synaptic transmission unaffected. In contrast, NST reduced only inhibitory but not alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. N/OFQ-mediated inhibition of excitatory transmission was completely absent in N/OFQ-R receptor-deficient (N/OFQ-R(-/-)) mice and significantly reduced in heterozygous (N/OFQ-R(+/-)) mice, whereas the action of NST on inhibitory neurotransmission was completely retained. To test for the relevance of these results for spinal nociception, we investigated the effects of intrathecally injected N/OFQ in the mouse formalin test, an animal model of tonic pain. N/OFQ (3 nmol/mouse) induced significant antinociception in wild-type mice, but had no antinociceptive effects in N/OFQ-R(-/-) mice. These results indicate that the inhibitory action of N/OFQ on excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission and its spinal antinociceptive action are mediated via the N/OFQ receptor, whereas the action of NST is independent of this receptor.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kotalla
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gühring
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeshima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pahl
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Zeilhofer
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009154:Mutation; D018847:Opioid Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D018847:Opioid Peptides; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin; C111148:nocistatin; C000722287:Oprl1 protein, mouse