Production of stromal cell-derived factor 1 by mesothelial cells and effects of this chemokine on peritoneal B lymphocytes.
B1a lymphocytes accumulate and proliferate in the peritoneal cavity. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is a chemotactic and growth promoting factor for B cell precursors. It is required for fetal liver B cell lymphopoiesis, which generates mostly B1a lymphocytes. Using immunohistochemistry with an anti-SDF-1 monoclonal antibody, we found that SDF-1 was produced by peritoneal mesothelial cells in adult mice. Peritoneal B1a lymphocytes expressed a functional SDF-1 receptor, as shown by actin polymerization experiments. In vitro, SDF-1 stimulated migration, proliferation of a minority of peritoneal B1a lymphocytes, and prevented apoptosis in a large fraction of cells. B1a cells migrating in response to SDF-1 were largely enriched in the CD5(high)CD43(high)B220(-)CD1d(-) subpopulation. In vivo, neutralization of SDF-1 for 3 weeks significantly decreased the number of peritoneal B1 cells. SDF-1 also acted on peritoneal B2 cells. These findings show that after the cessation of B cell lymphopoiesis in the liver, around birth, the persistence of B1a cells remains SDF-1 dependent, and that SDF-1 production by mesothelial cells plays a role in the peritoneal location of B1a cells. Thus, the role of mesothelial cells for B1a cells in adults may be similar to that of SDF-1-producing biliary ductal plate cells in the fetus, and to that of bone marrow stromal cells for B2 cell precursors.
Foussat
A
A
INSERM U131, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, Clamart, France.
Balabanian
K
K
Amara
A
A
Bouchet-Delbos
L
L
Durand-Gasselin
I
I
Baleux
F
F
Couderc
J
J
Galanaud
P
P
Emilie
D
D
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000502:physiology
D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4