Interspecies scaling: role of protein binding in the prediction of clearance from animals to humans.
The objective of this study is to evaluate whether unbound clearance of a drug can be predicted more accurately than total clearance using the allometric approach and if there is any real advantage of predicting unbound clearance over total clearance. The total and unbound clearance of 20 randomly selected drugs were scaled up from the animal data (at least three animal species) obtained from the literature. Three methods were used to generate plots to scale up the clearance values: (1) total or unbound clearance versus body weight (simple allometric equation), (2) the product of total or unbound clearance and maximum life span potential (MLP) versus body weight, and (3) the product of total or unbound clearance and brain weight versus body weight. The results of this study indicate that there will be instances when unbound clearance can be predicted better than total clearance or vice versa. In conclusion, unbound clearance cannot be predicted any better than total clearance.
Mahmood
I
I
Division of Pharmaceutical Evaluation I, Office of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
D000818:Animals; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D023421:Models, Animal; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D013045:Species Specificity