title: Orexin-A immunoreactive neurons in the rat hypothalamus do not contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
abstract: The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), a key site involved in the central control of feeding and energy homeostasis, contains populations of neurons that produce the orexin peptides or nitric oxide, two chemical factors that increase food intake. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to investigate the possibility that rat LHA neurons co-express orexin-A and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The orexin-A and nNOS cell populations in the LHA showed extensive overlap without co-localization, and no evidence of direct anatomic contact was found. The finding that LHA neurons do not co-localize orexin-A and nNOS may suggest that the actions of the orexins and nitric oxide on food intake are mediated via independent mechanisms, however, nitric oxide is a diffusible molecule and could potentially affect the activity of orexin neurons via a non-synaptic mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3GA, Liverpool, England, UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cutler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Leslie
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Arch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D000068797:Orexins; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat