title: Chronic exposure to aluminium decreases NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the rat cerebral cortex.
abstract: Aluminium (Al) exposure is neurotoxic and is considered a possible etiological factor for many neurodegenerative disorders. Since it is known that Al impairs the glutamate-nitric oxide-cGMP pathway in neurons, this study was carried out to monitor the expression of NADPH-d in some central nervous system areas of rats after chronic administration of Al in drinking water. We tested three different nervous areas known to contain NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons: two cortical area (somatosensory cerebral cortex and cerebral cortex), a deep brain area (dorsolateral periaqueductal gray matter) and a spinal area (lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord). Our data showed that Al significantly decreased NADPH-d positive neurons in the cerebral cortex and the NADPH-d staining of many granular neurons in the cerebellum. We also found that Al did not cause neuron loss or apoptosis in the cerebral cortex. These findings suggest that the cortical nitroxidergic neurons and granule cells were a specific target of Al neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Division of Human Anatomy, University of Brescia, Via Valsabbina 19, 25124, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodella
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rezzani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanzi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianchi
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000535:Aluminum; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase