title: Word rhyming as a probe of hemispheric language dominance with functional magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to create a probe of hemispheric dominance for language using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Surgical candidates for anterior temporal lobectomy often undergo the Wada test to determine language laterality. The Wada test is invasive and cannot localize intrahemispheric language areas when surgical resection encroaches on eloquent cortex. We report the results of a stimulation paradigm that activates regions involved in motor language, language phonology, and visual word form perception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five right-handed healthy subjects underwent blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects alternately viewed consecutive word pairs, indicating when the words rhymed, and consecutive pairs of line arrays, indicating when the arrays matched by responding "Yes" or "No" using a button box.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects performed both tasks with equivalent accuracy. Compared with the nonverbal control task, word rhyming produced greater left-hemisphere activation than right-hemisphere activation. Foci of rhyme-related activation were found in the left Brodmann's area (BA) 44 (Broca's area), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 9/46 and BA 8/9), left middle temporal gyrus (BA 22), and left fusiform gyrus (BA 37) in the posterior basal temporal lobe. Activation associated with the control task was present in the right parietal area and in right temporal and left parietal regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subvocal word rhyming activates dominant perisylvian cortical regions and may be useful for determining hemispheric language dominance and for functional mapping of language cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA. dkareken@iupui.edu
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kareken
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lurito
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mathews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007803:Language Arts; D007807:Language Tests; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology