title: Experimental use of an albumin-glutaraldehyde tissue adhesive for sealing pulmonary parenchyma and bronchial anastomoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite advanced surgical techniques, major complications of bronchial anastomoses and parenchymal repair, including early leak, fistula formation and granulations still occur. The purpose of this study was to test the performance of an albumin-glutaraldehyde tissue adhesive (BioGlue), CryoLife Inc., Kennesaw, GA) as a sealant for bronchial anastomoses and parenchyma lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four sheep were split into two surgical groups. The first group consisted of six control sheep receiving standard sutured bronchial anastomosis with a 4-week end-point. The second group included 18 sheep receiving both a bronchial anastomosis and parenchymal defect repair using the adhesive with 2, 4, and 12 week end-point. Histopathologic evaluation was conducted at the study end-points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bronchial anastomosis and parenchymal tissue repair can be sealed successfully against air leakage with adhesive. Macroscopic evaluation revealed a tight closure of the anastomosis and parenchyma defect in all postoperative stages, initially by the adhesive layer, and later by connective tissue. On microscopic examination, an inflammatory tissue response consisting of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, granulation tissue and foreign body giant cells were found surrounding the glued area after 2 weeks. After 4 weeks the tissue response presented a granulomatous character. No granulomatous or foreign body reaction was present in the hand sutured group. After 12 weeks few remnants of adhesive surrounded by fibrous scar tissue were detectable in bronchial anastomosis and parenchymal repair. Healing was not considerably complicated by foreign body reaction or tissue granulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports BioGlue to be effective as an adjunct in sealing bronchial anastomosis and lung parenchyma defects in sheep, with minimal secondary healing disruptions such as granuloma formation. The results of this study indicate that the use of BioGlue in human pulmonary surgery should be effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106 i. Br., Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Herget
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kassa
authors.forename: U N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Riede
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brethner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasse
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002417:Cattle; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology*; D005976:Glutaral / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012756:Sheep; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D005976:Glutaral