title: Pharmacokinetics and immunological effects of exogenously administered recombinant human B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) in mice.
abstract: B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS; also known as TNFSF20, BAFF, TALL-1, zTNF4, and THANK), a tumor necrosis factor ligand family member, has recently been identified as a factor that promotes expansion and differentiation of the B cell population, leading to increases in serum immunoglobulin levels. Here, pharmacokinetic parameters for BLyS administered i.v. and s.c. to mice are described, and the effects of different dosing regimens on serum and salivary immunoglobulin levels as well as splenic cell populations are reported. The pharmacokinetics of BLyS following i.v. injection are monophasic with a half-life of 160 min, a clearance of 0.22 ml/min-kg, and a volume of distribution of 53 ml/kg. Systemic administration of BLyS to mice resulted in increased serum IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE and salivary IgA as well as splenic B cell population expansion and differentiation. The i.v. and s.c. routes of administration were pharmacologically equivalent, even though s.c. bioavailability of BLyS is only 25%. BLyS (s.c.) dramatically elevated serum IgG and IgA levels, and the duration of the responses after cessation of treatment (t(1/2) = 4.4 and 1.3 days, respectively) are similar to the half-lives of endogenous IgG and IgA in mice. The IgM response is more modest than that of IgG and IgA but lasts longer (t(1/2) = 7.0 days) than the half-life of endogenous IgM. A linear pharmacodynamic response was identified between days of dosing x log(dose), and increases in serum IgG, IgA, and IgM indicating that the response is more sensitive to the duration of dosing than to the cumulative dose. The implications of these findings for therapeutic administration of BLyS are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Sciences, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. tom_parry@hgsi.com
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Riccobene
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Strawn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Daoud
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carrell
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sosnovtseva
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Miceli
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Poortman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sekut
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fikes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C505719:TNFSF13B protein, human; C505720:Tnfsf13b protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha