title: The role of computed tomography in the T classification of laryngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were 1) to describe patterns of use of computed tomography (CT) in laryngeal carcinoma, and 2) to characterize the contribution of CT to the T classification of laryngeal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 1195 patients with laryngeal carcinoma diagnosed from 1982 through 1995 chosen randomly from the Ontario provincial cancer registry. A chart review was conducted to obtain data on each case. Patient-related, tumor-related, and health-system-related factors were analyzed to identify factors associated with the use of CT. Descriptions of clinical exams and CT reports were reviewed to see how CT information modified T classification. Actuarial local control and cause specific survival curves were plotted by clinical T classification without and with CT to evaluate stage migration. The percentage of the variance in outcome explained by T classification in a Cox analysis was used to evaluate whether the prognostic accuracy of T classification was improved with the use of information from CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with glottic (20.1%) and supraglottic (41.7%) carcinoma underwent CT. The use of CT increased over time in glottic and supraglottic carcinoma combined from 17.2% in 1982-5 to 33.9% in 1991-5. Computed tomography was used less often in older patients with a 16% (95% confidence interval, 5-27%) decrease in the odds of having CT with each 10-year age increment. Computed tomography use varied considerably across the cancer center regions in Ontario. Computed tomography altered the T classification in 20.2% of those patients who had CT, with most being "upstages." Stage migration due to CT was demonstrated. Using information from CT in the assignment of T classification for 27.8% of this study population did not make a significant contribution to the ability of T classification to predict outcome over the entire group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is large variation in the use of CT among different age groups and regions. The ability to compare outcomes by stage across geographic areas is compromised when the use of CT varies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barbera
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Groome
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mackillop
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Irish
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Warde
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Hodson
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gulavita
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Eapen
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bissett
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed