title: Mesenchymal transcription factor Fkh6 is essential for the development and differentiation of parietal cells.
abstract: The role of transcription factor forkhead homologue 6 (Fkh6) gene expressed only in gastrointestinal mesenchymes on the differentiation of gastric epithelia was analyzed by inactivating the gene by targeting disruption. Gastric mucosa exhibited hyperplasias with disordered glandular structures in the absence of gene. Measurement of acid secretion in the isolated whole stomach demonstrated that both basal and stimulated secretions were severely suppressed in the Fkh6-/- stomach, while immunohistochemical studies showed that comparable numbers of parietal cells were differentiated in both wild-type and Fkh6-/- stomachs. Ultrastructurally Fkh6-/- parietal cells were furnished with developed intracellular canaliculi and many mitochondria, but their canaluculi were not enlarged nor fully connected to the luminal surface even when animals were treated with histamine, suggesting that Fkh6-/- parietal cells were far less responsive to acid secretion-inducing stimulations. Some parietal cells contained secretory granules positively stained with anti-pepsinogen antibodies, indicating that they retained characteristics of oxynticopeptic cells found in lower vertebrates. We thus concluded that Fkh6 plays essential roles for the development and differentiation of parietal cells via epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. h_fukama@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukamachi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koseki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010295:Parietal Cells, Gastric / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D013270:Stomach / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C099993:Foxl1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012260:Ribonucleases