title: Randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of behavioural interventions to modify cardiovascular risk factors in men and women with impaired glucose tolerance: outcomes at 6 months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised controlled trial in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, 1995-98. Participants included 67 adults (38 men; 29 women) aged 24-75 years with IGT. The intervention consisted of regular diet and physical activity counselling based on the stages of change model. Main outcome measures were changes between baseline and 6 months in nutrient intake; physical activity; anthropometric and physiological measurements including serum lipids; glucose tolerance; insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The difference in change in total fat consumption was significant between intervention and control groups (difference -21.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) -37.8 to -5.8) g/day, P=0.008). A significantly larger proportion of intervention participants reported taking up vigorous activity than controls (difference 30.1, (95% CI 4.3--52.7)%, P=0.021). The change in body mass index was significantly different between groups (difference -0.95 (95% CI -1.5 to -0.4) kg/m(2), P=0.001). There was no significant difference in change in mean 2-h plasma glucose between groups (difference -0.19 (95% CI -1.1 to 0.71) mmol/l, NS) or in serum cholesterol (difference 0.02 (95% CI -0.26 to 0.31) mmol/l, NS). The difference in change in fasting serum insulin between groups was significant (difference -3.4 (95% CI -5.8 to -1.1) mU/l, P=0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 6 months of intensive lifestyle intervention in participants with IGT, there were changes in diet and physical activity, some cardiovascular risk factors and insulin sensitivity, but not glucose tolerance. Further follow-up is in progress to investigate whether these changes are sustained or augmented over 2 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK. j.c.oldroyd@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Oldroyd
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Unwin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imrie
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mathers
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Alberti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids