title: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication: five-year results and beyond.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication provides long-term relief of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospectively evaluated case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 1991 to December 1999, we performed more than 900 laparoscopic antireflux procedures. The outcome for patients who underwent surgery between September 1991 and June 1994 (178 cases) was determined. This included all patients having laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, from the first procedure onward.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-term follow-up for 5 or more years after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was obtained by an independent investigator who interviewed patients using a structured questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective evaluation of clinical symptoms using a structured questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outcome data covering a period of 5 or more years after surgery was available for 176 patients (99%), with 2 patients lost to follow-up. Nine patients died (8 of unrelated causes) at some stage following surgery, and the outcome was difficult to determine in 1 patient with cerebral palsy. Hence, questionnaire data were available for 166 patients at a median follow-up of 6 years (range, 5-8 years). Three patients (1.7%) underwent revision surgery for recurrent reflux; 87% of the 176 patients remained free of significant reflux. Reoperation was required for dysphagia in 7 patients (3.9%), 2 for a tight wrap and 5 for a tight diaphragmatic hiatus. In addition, reoperation was necessary for a paraesophageal hiatus hernia in 13 patients (7.3%). Of the reoperations, 56% were performed within 12 months of the original procedure, and 22% during the second year of follow-up. Further surgery was uncommon after 2 years. The long-term outcome was considered "good or excellent" by 90% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term outcome of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is similar to that following open fundoplication. Good results are obtained in most patients.
authors.affiliation: University of Adelaide Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. david.watson@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lafullarde
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Game
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Devitt
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome