title: Dimerization with PEBP2beta protects RUNX1/AML1 from ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation.
abstract: The RUNX family genes are the mammalian homologs of the Drosophila genes runt and lozenge, and members of this family function as master regulators of definitive hematopoiesis and osteogenesis. The RUNX genes encode the alpha subunit of the transcription factor PEBP2/CBF. The beta subunit consists of the non-RUNX protein PEBP2beta. We found that RUNX1/AML1, which is essential for hematopoiesis, is continuously subjected to proteolytic degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. When PEBP2beta is present, however, the ubiquitylation of RUNX1 is abrogated and this causes a dramatic inhibition of RUNX1 proteolysis. Heterodimerization between PEBP2beta and RUNX1 thus appears to be an essential step in the generation of transcriptionally competent RUNX1. Consistent with this notion, RUNX1 was barely detected in PEBP2beta(-/-) mouse. CBF(PEBP2)beta- SMMHC, the chimeric protein associated with inv(16) acute myeloid leukemia, was found to protect RUNX1 from proteolytic degradation more efficiently than PEBP2beta. These results reveal a hitherto unknown and major role of PEBP2beta, namely that it regulates RUNX1 by controlling its turnover. This has allowed us to gain new insights into the mechanism of leukemogenesis by CBFbeta-SMMHC.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Department of Viral Oncology, and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigesada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokomizo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019281:Dimerization; D006868:Hydrolysis; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C493726:Runx1 protein, mouse; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014452:Ubiquitins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex