title: Surgical treatment and outcomes in carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts: the University of Rochester experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To our knowledge, few individual surgeons and only a handful of institutions have gained a meaningful experience with the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts or cholangiocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate the experience of a single center in the treatment of these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study with a median follow-up of 48 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of surgery at a university referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients with biopsy-confirmed adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts evaluated and treated between January 1980 and February 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prognostic variables, resectability rates, morbidity, and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight male and 39 female patients were studied (median age, 71 years). Twenty-three patients (30%) underwent curative resections, 32 patients (41%) underwent palliative surgery, and 22 patients (29%) received nonoperative therapies. The 30-day perioperative morbidity rate was 18%, and mortality was 6%. Overall median survival was 11 months; 4 months for patients receiving nonoperative therapy; 8 months for patients receiving palliative surgery; and 72 months for curative resection. Five-year survival rates were 23%, 0%, 10%, and 55%, respectively. Curative resection was the only prognostic variable to have a statistically significant effect on survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curative resection could be achieved in approximately one third of patients who had cholangiocarcinoma, and should be the goal of treatment. Survival is significantly improved in those patients who are considered to have resectable tumors and who undergo removal of all gross disease. Palliative surgical treatments also revealed a survival advantage over nonoperative therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors