Inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced cell transformation and activator protein 1 activation by [6]-gingerol.
Many spices, including plants of the ginger family, possess anticarcinogenic activity. However, the molecular mechanisms by which they exert their antitumorigenic effects are unknown. Activator protein 1 (AP-1) has a critical role in tumor promotion, and blocking of tumor promoter-induced activation of AP-1 inhibits neoplastic transformation. Epidermal growth factor induces cell transformation and AP-1 activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two structurally related compounds of the ginger family, [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol, on EGF-induced cell transformation and AP-1 activation. Our results provide the first evidence that both block EGF-induced cell transformation but act by different mechanisms.
Bode
A M
AM
The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin 55912, USA.
Ma
W Y
WY
Surh
Y J
YJ
Dong
Z
Z
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002396:Catechols; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007659:Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D007659:Ketones; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D006139:Guaiacol; D004247:DNA; C007845:gingerol; C421614:6-paradol; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases