title: Postoperative morphine requirements of free TRAM and DIEP flaps.
abstract: In a review of the charts of 158 patients who had undergone breast reconstruction with free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) or deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps and who were treated for postoperative pain with morphine administered by a patient-controlled analgesia pump, the total dose of morphine administered during hospitalization for the flap transfer was measured. Patients whose treatment was supplemented by other intravenous narcotics were excluded from the study. The mean amount of morphine per kilogram required by patients who had reconstruction with DIEP flaps (0.74 mg/kg, n = 26) was found to be significantly less than the amount required by patients who had reconstruction with TRAM flaps (1.65 mg/kg; n = 132; p < 0.001). DIEP flap patients also remained in the hospital less time (mean, 4.73 days) than did free TRAM flap patients (mean, 5.21 days; p = 0.026), but the difference was less than one full hospital day. It was concluded that the use of the DIEP flap does reduce the patient requirement for postoperative pain medication and therefore presumably reduces postoperative pain. It may also slightly shorten hospital stay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kroll
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koutz
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Langstein
authors.lastname: Evans GRD
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Reece
mesh_terms: D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D016462:Mammaplasty; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine