Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: efficient, selective, and interactive signals during intercellular induction of apoptosis.
During intercellular induction of apoptosis, transformed fibroblasts are specifically eliminated by their nontransformed neighbours. This potential control step of oncogenesis is based on a sophisticated system of interdependencies and interactions of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Activated nontransformed effector cells release a novel peroxidase and nitric oxide. Superoxide anions generated extracellularly by transformed cells participate in intercellular signalling and also determine transformed cells as selective targets for intercellular induction of apoptosis. The interaction of these molecules results in two major signalling pathways, which are based on HOCl/hydroxyl radicals and on NO/peroxynitrite. In addition, involvement of nitrylchloride seems to be conceivable in an alternative pathway. Hydrogenperoxide plays a central and ambivalent role by fostering the HOCl/hydroxyl radical pathway and by inhibiting the NO/peroxynitrite pathway. The interaction of ROS and RNS during intercellular induction of apoptosis seems to represent a general signalling concept utilized by several natural antitumor systems.
Bauer
G
G
Abteilung Virologie, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. tgfb@.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D009566:Nitrates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000502:physiology
D009566:Nitrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C039642:peroxynitric acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase