title: The investigation of K-complex and vertex sharp wave activity in response to mid-inspiratory occlusions and complete obstructions to breathing during NREM sleep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the cortical response to mid-inspiratory occlusions can be used as a model of the cortical response to obstructive events during sleep; and to determine whether the vertex sharp wave (VSW) and K-complex are exclusive contributors to the N350 and N550 components respectively of the stage 2 sleep event-related potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two types of respiratory stimuli were used to elicit evoked potential responses during stage 2 NREM sleep. These were mid-inspiratory occlusions and complete breath obstructions. Trials were grouped according to the type of phasic response elicited; isolated K-complex (KC), VSW associated with a K-complex (VSW/KC), isolated VSW, and no evoked response (other). Evoked responses were averaged separately within these categories.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in the University of Melbourne Sleep Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six young healthy male adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were recorded from 29 scalp sites referenced to linked ears. Mask pressure (Pm) and airflow were also recorded. Intra-thoracic pressure, as indicated by Pm, reached a more negative level following complete obstructions than brief occlusions. However, both types of respiratory stimuli elicited the two late latency components. Although latency varied across the two respiratory conditions in a manner consistent with the intra-thoracic pressure rise time differences, the elicitation characteristics and topographic distribution of these components did not vary across the two types of stimuli. In addition, an N350 was only present in the average for those categories that included VSWs, while an N550 was only present in those categories that contained K-complexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mid-inspiratory occlusions can be used as a model of obstructive events. VSWs contribute exclusively to the N350 component, while K-complexes contribute exclusively to the N550 component.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gora
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Colrain
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trinder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors