title: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin vs. interferon alpha-2b and amantadine for treatment of chronic hepatitis C non-responder to interferon monotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interferon-based regimens (alone or with ribavairin) are standard therapies for chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to compare a 24-week regimen of interferon alpha-2b + ribavirin (IFN + RIBA) to interferon alpha-2b + amantadine (IFN + AMANT) in non-responders to previous interferon monotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a multi-center, double-blind clinical trial, 118 patients (non-responders to previous interferon monotherapy) were equally randomized into the two arms: interferon alpha-2b (3 MU thrice weekly) and ribavirin (800 mg daily) vs. interferon alpha-2b (3 MU thrice weekly) and amantadine (200 mg daily).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 weeks of therapy, HCV RNA became undetectable in 34.8% (95% CI: 23.7-49.2) of IFN + RIBA and 19.6% (95% CI: 10.6-34.7) of IFN + AMANT (P = 0.10). This response was sustained in 3.9% (95% CI: 1.0-14.9) of IFN + RIBA and 0% of IFN + AMANT (P = 0.16). Ten patients from IFN + AMANT (17%) and 12 patients (20%) from IFN + RIBA were discontinued before completion of therapy. Of these, 7% in IFN + AMANT and 12% in IFN + RIBA were discontinued due to adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Re-treatment of interferon non-responders with a 24-week course of IFN + AMANT was not associated with any sustained viral eradication. Although IFN + RIBA in this group was associated with a reasonable end of treatment response, relapses were common and sustained responses were low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Biostatistics and Anatomic Pathology, the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Z M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Younossi
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Mullen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zakko
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hodnick
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: McCullough
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Easley
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boparai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gramlich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000547:Amantadine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006454:Hemoglobins; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D000547:Amantadine