title: Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-2 reduces chemotherapy-associated mortality and enhances cell survival in cells expressing a transfected GLP-2 receptor.
abstract: Chemotherapeutic agents produce cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Rapidly proliferating cells in the bone marrow and intestinal crypts are highly susceptible to chemotherapy, and damage to these cellular compartments may preclude maximally effective chemotherapy administration. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-2 is an enteroendocrine-derived regulatory peptide that inhibits crypt cell apoptosis after administration of agents that damage the intestinal epithelium. We report here that a human degradation-resistant GLP-2 analogue, h[Gly2]-GLP-2 significantly improves survival, reduces bacteremia, attenuates epithelial injury, and inhibits crypt apoptosis in the murine gastrointestinal tract after administration of topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan hydrochloride or the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil. h[Gly2]-GLP-2 significantly improved survival and reduced weight loss but did not impair chemotherapy effectiveness in tumor-bearing mice treated with cyclical irinotecan. Furthermore, h[Gly2]-GLP-2 reduced chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, decreased activation of caspase-8 and -3, and inhibited poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in heterologous cells transfected with the GLP-2 receptor. These observations demonstrate that the antiapoptotic effects of GLP-2 on intestinal crypt cells may be useful for the attenuation of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Boushey
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yusta
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Drucker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000077146:Irinotecan; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; C000593834:Glp1r protein, mouse; C000593835:Glp1r protein, rat; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D010455:Peptides; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D000077146:Irinotecan; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin