title: The instruction in pelvic floor exercises provided to women during pregnancy or following delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to examine the instruction in pelvic floor exercises given to women during pregnancy or following delivery, to assess the quality of any instruction provided, and to consider these in light of the women's views about the service.
  
  
  METHODS
  a postal questionnaire was sent to a sample of women when they reached 34 weeks of pregnancy and a second at 8 weeks postpartum. A sub-sample of women who reported symptoms of stress incontinence at 8 weeks postpartum were interviewed about the instruction in pelvic floor exercises that they received during their pregnancy, or in the puerperium.
  
  
  METHODS
  of the 918 women who were sent the first questionnaire, 717 returned it completed (78%). Five-hundred-and-seventy-two of 894 women (64%) completed the second questionnaire. Forty-two of 179 symptomatic women (23%) took part in an interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  55% of women received some form of instruction in pelvic floor exercises by 34 weeks of pregnancy. Eighty-six percent received instruction following birth. The way the information was given varied, ranging from a brief reminder, to exercising in a class with an instructor. The information was provided by a range of health professionals, and no single profession appeared to undertake responsibility for the service. As a result, the views of the service varied. A few women reported that they had received good quality instruction, others were critical of it, and a small number reported that they had received no instruction at all. The widespread practice of leaving a leaflet by the women's beds during their stay in hospital, was criticised by a large proportion of the women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the instruction in pelvic floor exercises by health service professionals was provided on an ad hoc basis. In many instances, the programme of instruction did not meet recommendations made in the literature. It is likely that the success of randomised controlled trials reported in the literature would not be repeated in the 'real world' Implications for practice: there is a need for the service to be reorganised so that all women receive high-quality instruction during pregnancy, with a reminder to exercise following birth. This could help to prevent, or relieve, the symptoms of stress incontinence that frequently occur at these times.
authors.affiliation: School of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glenn
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004739:England; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D008880:Midwifery / Q000592:standards; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000592:standards; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*