title: General practitioner management of upper respiratory tract infections: when are antibiotics prescribed?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess General Practice (GP) description and management of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), including conditions under which they prescribe antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A telephone survey of a randomised sample of Auckland GPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a 61% response rate. 82 of the 100 GPs interviewed agreed that most patients presenting with URTI expected antibiotics. Persistent symptoms and indication of specific infection (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, purulent sputum) were common reasons for prescribing. Patients travelling overseas, expecting or requesting antibiotics and prior use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications increased antibiotic prescribing-rates. Most GPs (95%) issued as-needed prescriptions on occasion; 13% did this often. Amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were most commonly used. Despite wide-ranging antibiotic use for URTI (0 to 90%), only 6% of GPs felt they prescribed more antibiotics than others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest over-prescription is common-place, but use of as-needed prescriptions to reduce antibiotic use is encouraging. Exploration of patient expectations in the consultation may assist in decreasing prescribing rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Auckland. b.arroll@auckland.ac.nz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arroll
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goodyear-Smith
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003139:Common Cold / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003625:Data Collection; D004363:Drug Utilization; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005194:Family Practice; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents