Sequential effects in naming: a time-criterion account.
S. J. Lupker, P. Brown, and L. Colombo (1997) reported that target naming latencies are strongly affected by the difficulty of the other stimuli in a trial block, an effect they attributed to readers' strategic use of a time criterion to guide responding. In the present research, the authors asked whether there are also trial-by-trial ("sequential") effects by examining naming latency as a function of the difficulty of the preceding stimulus. In Experiment 1, both nonwords and high-frequency regular words were named more rapidly following a word than a nonword. Experiments 2, 3, and 4 were parallel experiments involving a variety of stimulus types (e.g., high- and low-frequency inconsistent words, easy and hard nonwords). In all cases, similar sequential effects were observed (i.e., all stimulus types had shorter latencies following an easier-to-name than a harder-to-name stimulus). In terms of the time-criterion account, criterion placement appears to be affected by the relative difficulty of the preceding stimulus in a way that is independent of stimulus type.
Taylor
T E
TE
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London,  Canada. ttaylor2@julian.uwo.ca
Lupker
S J
SJ
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005795:Generalization, Stimulus; D006801:Humans; D008037:Linguistics; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D011939:Mental Recall; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011932:Reading; D012033:Refractory Period, Psychological; D012691:Serial Learning