title: [Contrast medium enhanced magnetic resonance tomography of liver metastases: positive versus negative contrast media].
abstract: The development in oncologic liver surgery as well as modified interventional therapy strategies of the liver have resulted in improved diagnostic imaging. The evolution of contrast agents for MR imaging of the liver has proceeded along several different paths with the common goal of improving liver-lesion contrast. In MRI contrast agents act indirectly by their effects on relaxation times. Contrast agents used for hepatic MR imaging can be categorized in those that target the extracellular space, the hepatobiliary system, and the reticuloendothelial system. The first two result in a positive enhancement, the last one in a negative enhancement. Positive enhancers allow a better characterization of liver metastases using dynamic sequence protocols. Detection rate of liver metastases is increased using hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced MRI compared to unenhanced MRI. Negative enhancers, iron oxide particles, significantly increase tumor-to-liver contrast and allow detection of more lesions than other diagnostic methods. Iron-oxide enhanced MRI enables differential diagnosis of liver metastases comparing morphologic features using T2 and T1-weighted sequences.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, ZRAD Haus 23 A, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hammerstingl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hochmuth
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Staib-Sebler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide; D005682:Gadolinium
vernacular_title: Kontrastmittelverstärkte Magnetresonanztomographie von Lebermetastasen: Positive versus negative Kontrastmittel.