[Pathophysiological roles of angiotensin in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling].
Angiotensin(Ang) II plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular hemodynamics and structure. Multiple lines of evidence have suggested the existence of Ang II receptor subtypes, and at least two distinct receptor subtypes have been defined on the basis of their differential pharmacological and biochemical properties and designated as type-1(AT1) and type-2(AT2). Most of the known effects of Ang II in adult tissues are attributable to the AT1 receptor. Recent cloning of the AT2 receptor contributes to reveal its physiological functions. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the function and signaling mechanism of these receptor subtypes are quite different, and these receptors may exert opposite effects in terms of cell growth and blood pressure regulation. Growth inhibitory effects of AT2 receptor are unique in that this receptor activates a variety of phosphatases and cross talks with the signaling of other seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors as well as other classes of growth factor receptors. To further examine the role of the AT2 receptor, we generated the AT2 receptor knockout mouse using homologous recombination. Here, we review recent advances in the roles of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the cardiovascular remodeling.
Horiuchi
M
M
Department of 1st Medical Biochemistry, Ehime University School of Medicine, Onsen-gun, Ehime-pref. 791-0295.
D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000502:physiology; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II