[Influence of stress on learning and memory].
This paper describes the influence of stress on learning and memory. The mice receiving inescapable electroshock fail to perform the active conditioned avoidance response of lever-pressing. This is called learned helplessness, which is ameliorated by treatment with antidepressants including one of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is of particular interest that posttraumatic stress disease (PTSD) accompanied by memory impairment could be improved by treatment with SSRIs. The different kinds of stress including ischemia, footshock, psychological stress, and forced swimming influence learning and memory as indexed by spontaneous alternation performance as well as passive avoidance learning. In addition, a variety of stresses influence the activity of hormones and neurotransmitters like monoamines, neuropeptides, and excitatory amino acids resulting in changes in learning and memory. Finally, the accumulation of data is necessary to clarify the exact mechanism of stress on learning and memory.
Ukai
M
M
Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503 Japan.
D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*
D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors