title: Macular translocation: histopathologic findings in swine eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Macular translocation has been proposed as an alternative technique in the treatment of some cases of choroidal neovascularization. The purpose of the paper is to report the histopathologic findings in the retina of swine eyes undergone macular translocation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten eyes of ten Yucatan pigs underwent posterior pars plana vitrectomy and scleral imbrication to achieve macular translocation. Mattress sutures were preplaced at the equator of the eyes. After a pars plana vitrectomy, balanced saline solution was injected under the temporal retina to produce a retinal detachment. Scleral imbrication was achieved by tightening the mattress sutures. An air-fluid exchange was performed and the eye was filled with sulfur hexafluoride 18%. The eyes were enucleated 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery and analyzed under light and electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Macular translocation was achieved in all cases. The major findings consist of a minimal decrease in the number of photoreceptors outer segments; also a change in the morphology was noted. This included some degree of loss of vertical alignment and an increase in the interphotoreceptor space. There was a recovery in the morphology of the photoreceptors over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimal changes in the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium are observed when macular translocation is performed with recovery of these changes over time. Scleral imbrication is an effective technique to achieve translocation of the fovea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hanna Retina Research Center, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Roig-Melo
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Afaro
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Heredia-Elizondo
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yarbrough
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Game
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Apple
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Quirol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D012590:Sclera / Q000601:surgery; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013552:Swine; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014821:Vitrectomy