title: Role of 14-3-3epsilon, c-Myc/Max, and Akt phosphorylation in HIV-1 gp 120-induced mesangial cell proliferation.
abstract: Focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) is the predominant glomerular lesion in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy. Initial mesangial cell hyperplasia and subsequent hypoplasia are common features of FGS. In the present study we evaluated the effect of HIV-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120 on human mesangial cell (HMC) growth. HIV-1 gp 120 stimulated HMC proliferation at lower concentrations, whereas it suppressed cell proliferation at higher concentrations. In parallel to the modulation of cell growth, gp 120 at low concentrations resulted in an increase in the expression of c-Myc, Max, and 14-3-3epsilon proteins and phosphorylation of ATP-dependent tyrosine kinases (Akt) at Ser(473). However, the expression of these proteins decreased with increasing concentrations of gp 120. Furthermore, gp 120 also exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation at Ser-473 without any significant alteration of Akt expression. Little or no effects of gp 120 were observed on the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phospho-ERK, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins. At a higher concentration, gp 120 not only promoted HMC apoptosis but also enhanced expression of Fas and FasL. These results suggest that HIV-1 gp 120 induces alterations in conflicting survival signaling pathways that contribute to the potential dual effects of gp 120 in promoting or inhibiting HMC proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, The Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kapasi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Singhal
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt