title: Localization of estrogen receptor beta protein expression in adult human bone.
abstract: Evidence suggests that the newly described estrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) may be important for estrogen (17beta-estradiol) action on the skeleton, but its cellular localization in adult human bone requires clarification. We addressed this by using indirect immunoperoxidase with a novel affinity purified polyclonal antibody to human ER-beta, raised to hinge domain (D) sequences from the human receptor. Bone was demineralized in 20% EDTA and all biopsy specimens were formalin-fixed and wax-embedded. Vigorous retrieval was essential for ER-beta detection. In sections (5 microm) of benign prostate hyperplasia, used as positive control, clear nuclear immunoreactivity was seen in glandular epithelial cells, with a 1:500 dilution of ER-beta40. For bone sections, optimal antibody dilutions were 1:100-1:250. We found that in normal bone (from graft operations), in fracture callus from both men and women (>25 years old), pagetic bone, osteophytes, and secondary hyperparathyroid bone, all from older patients, ER-beta was expressed clearly in osteoclast nuclei, with little cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Nuclear immunoreactivity was still prominent in osteoclasts, with antibody diluted 1:500, although it faded in other cells. Osteoblasts, in areas of active bone formation or bone remodeling, also expressed ER-beta, as did some osteocytes. However, hypertrophic chondrocytes were negative, unlike mesenchymal cells, adjacent to the osteogenesis. Megakaryocytes and some capillary blood vessels cells were receptor positive. All ER-beta expression was blocked totally by preincubation of antibody with antigen. We conclude that ER-beta is expressed in cells of osteoblast lineage and in osteoclasts. The latter appear relatively abundant in this receptor and this might provide a means for direct action of estrogen on osteoclasts.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Research Group, University of Manchester Medical School, UK.
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Braidman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hainey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Selby
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hoyland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen