title: Intrusion injuries of primary incisors. Part II: Sequelae affecting the intruded primary incisors.
abstract: Luxation injuries to incisors, including intrusive displacement, occur with a high frequency in the primary dentition. Intrusion injuries are associated with damage to the pulpal and periodontal structures and possible fracture of the alveolar bone. The pulpal tissue of the intruded tooth sustains a severe shock during displacement, which may be reflected later by sequelae ranging from mild discoloration to pulpal necrosis and infection. Disintegration of pulpal tissue may result in periapical tissue inflammation, which in turn may induce developmental disturbances in the germ of the permanent successor tooth. Additionally, severe injury to the periodontal ligament during intrusion may lead to ankylosis of the primary incisor and consequently to delayed or ectopic eruption of its permanent successor. This article will review the possible sequelae affecting primary incisors following their intrusion.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2N8 Canada. mdiab@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diab
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: elBadrawy
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000293:injuries; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000209:etiology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000293:injuries; D003788:Dental Pulp Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries*; D007572:Jaw Fractures / Q000150:complications; D010482:Periapical Abscess / Q000209:etiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000293:injuries; D014084:Tooth Avulsion / Q000150:complications*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000209:etiology; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D014079:Tooth Eruption, Ectopic / Q000209:etiology; D014083:Tooth Germ / Q000503:physiopathology; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000293:injuries*