title: Cacao liquor polyphenols reduce oxidative stress without maintaining alpha-tocopherol levels in rats fed a vitamin E-deficient diet.
abstract: The effect of crude polyphenols (CLP) from cacao liquor on vitamin E-deficient rats was examined. The CLP fraction contained 49.8% antioxidative polyphenols such as catechins and their oligomers. Supplementation of the vitamin E-deficient diet with CLP for 7 wk did not prevent the decrease in alpha-tocopherol levels in the liver, kidney, heart, brain, and plasma. The lipid peroxide levels in these tissues increased in the group fed the vitamin E-deficient diet compared with the control group. However, these changes were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner as a result of supplementation of the vitamin E-deficient diet with 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0% CLP. The lipid peroxide levels in plasma increased in the group fed the vitamin E-deficient diet. This change tended to be suppressed as a result of supplementation of the diet with CLP, but the difference was not significant. There was no evidence of absorption and distribution of CLP to the tissues; however, CLP intake resulted in a decrease in oxidative stress without maintaining vitamin E levels in the plasma and the tissues.
authors.affiliation: Functional Foods R&D Laboratories, Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osakab
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002099:Cacao; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D005285:Fermentation; D005419:Flavonoids; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D014811:Vitamin E Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D059808:Polyphenols; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014810:Vitamin E