title: Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis: a versatile completion of electrophoretic separation techniques.
abstract: Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) is the application of a conductive electrolyte dissolved in either one organic solvent or a mixture of several organic solvents to carry out zone electrophoresis or related techniques in fused-silica capillaries. A complete review on the fundamentals, the optimization of analytical methods, practical considerations, and applications is given. To explain the differences to CE in aqueous media, a brief summary on solvent properties and molecular interactions in solutions introduces the reader into these fields. The use of additives to tune separation selectivity by means beyond a pure zone-electrophoretic mechanism is discussed in detail for organic media. Special detection techniques providing high potential for NACE are presented. Data on the precision of NACE methods and a list of relevant applications are included. More specialized applications like the determination of physicochemical constants in NACE or the setup of a semipreparative mode are described.
authors.affiliation: University of the Saarland, Instrumental/Environmental Analysis, Saarbrücken, Germany. f.steiner@mx.uni-saarland.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassel
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents