title: Flap minimization via peripheral recruitment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe tissue-conserving modifications to traditional flap design such as the use of beveled incisions and the pattern of the incisions. These techniques should maintain flap viability and enhance cosmesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe the techniques of peripheral flap recruitment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flaps conformed to reduced geometry, beveled incisions and bases, and tapered ends maximize vascularity. Peripheral tissues are recruited to fill primary defects; smaller flaps thus can be used to fill larger defects. Additionally, this flap design enhances cosmetic results and maintains a high probability for flap survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The described novel flap design has many potential advantages over traditional designs. Correctly applied, these flap techniques spare tissue, decrease scarification, trauma and bleeding, and reduce the need for secondary procedures. Potential drawbacks of this flap design include temporary anatomic distortion especially over rounded structures such as the nose. Complications are minimal.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dryden
mesh_terms: D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000592:standards