title: Effects of clofibrate and indocyanine green on the hepatobiliary disposition of acetaminophen and its metabolites in male CD-1 mice.
abstract: 1. The effects of clofibrate (CFB) and indocyanine green (ICG) on the biliary excretion of acetaminophen (APAP) and its metabolites were investigated. 2. Male CD-1 mice were pretreated with 500 mg CFB/kg, i.p. for 10 days. Controls received corn oil vehicle only. After overnight fasting, common bile duct-cannulated mice were challenged with a non-toxic dose of APAP (1 mmol/kg, i.v.). 3. CFB pretreatment did not affect bile flow rate, nor did it affect the cumulative biliary excretion of APAP and its conjugated metabolites. 4. Additional CFB or corn oil pretreated mice were given 30 mumol indocyanine green (ICG)/kg, i.v., immediately before APAP dosing. ICG is a non-metabolizable organic anion that is completely excreted into the bile through a canalicular transport process for organic anions. 5. ICG significantly decreased the bile flow rate and biliary concentration of APAP-glutathione, APAP-glucuronide and APAP-mercapturate within the first hour after dosing without affecting the biliary concentration of APAP. 6. The results indicate that CFB pretreatment does not affect the total amount of APAP and its metabolites excreted in bile. They also suggest that the biliary excretion of several conjugated metabolites of APAP share the same excretory pathway with the organic anion ICG.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Manautou
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002994:Clofibrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000494:pharmacology; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000838:Anions; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D020719:Glucuronides; D000082:Acetaminophen; D002994:Clofibrate; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D000111:Acetylcysteine