title: [Gene expression and the eye].
abstract: We examined the role of the expression of the various genes in ocular tissues using knockout mice. In this paper, the results are described in three sections: development, physiology, and pathology. Regarding development, the IKK alpha in the development of the ocular surface and maf family genes in the development of the lens were examined. We clearly demonstrated that the deletion of some genes results in disorganization in the development according to the function of the genes. Regarding physiology, c-fos gene was expressed in the subpopulation of retinal neurons under a physiological light/dark cycle, and its expression is dependent on signal transduction system in the retinal cells. Regarding pathology, focal retinal injury of the retina induced the expression of c-fos mRNA in retinal Müller cells. There is a significant contribution of Jun N-terminal phosphorylation to the induction of apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve transection. GLAST is required for normal signal transmission between photoreceptors and bipolar cells and both GLAST and GLT-1 play a neuroprotective role during ischemia in the retina. Blockage of the neurotrophin receptor p 75 rescue photoreceptor apoptosis induced by light exposure whereas the blockage of TrkC increased the photoreceptor cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000502:physiology; D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; D000818:Animals; D005123:Eye / Q000196:embryology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG