title: Health status of northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) in eastern Kansas.
abstract: The health status of wild northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) from Lyon County, Kansas, was evaluated by conducting comprehensive health assessments on 25 birds. Gross lesions indicative of avian pox, ulcerative enteritis, and quail bronchitis were not present. Serologic tests for antibodies to Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, and avian adenoviruses were all negative. Intestinal coccidia (Eimeria spp.) were found in 36% of the birds. Only three species of helminth parasites were found: Dispharynx nasuta in two birds, Cyrnea colini in one bird, and larval Physaloptera sp. in four birds. Arthropod parasites (ticks, lice, mites, and/or chiggers) were present on 96% of the birds examined. Compared with wild bobwhite populations in the southeastern United States, the diversity, prevalence, and intensities of microbial and parasitic agents were low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Russell Labs, Madison 53706-1598, USA.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Applegate
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003088:Colinus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D007615:Kansas / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence