title: A teaching videotape for the assessment of essential tremor.
abstract: Teaching videotapes, developed to aid in the evaluation of several movement disorders, have not been used in essential tremor research. As part of the Washington Heights-Inwood Genetic Study of Essential Tremor (WHIGET), we developed a reliable and valid tremor rating scale. Because this rating scale is currently being used by investigators at other centers, we developed a teaching videotape to aid in the consistent application of this scale.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a teaching videotape for a revised version of the WHIGET Tremor Rating Scale and to assess the interrater agreement among raters who used this videotape to rate tremor.
  
  
  METHODS
  The revised WHIGET Tremor Rating Scale was used to rate action tremor from 0 to 4 during six tests: arm extension, pouring, drinking, using a spoon, finger-to-nose, and drawing spirals. A 22-minute teaching videotape was developed that includes a 29-item educational section and a self-assessment section consisting of 20 examples of tremor ratings chosen by the two WHIGET study neurologists. Eight raters, including senior movement disorder specialists, movement disorder fellows, general neurologists, and a movement disorder nurse practitioner, independently viewed the videotape and rated tremor during the self-assessment section. Interobserver reliability was assessed with weighted kappa statistics (kappa(w)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight raters each rated 20 items (160 ratings total). Total kappa(w) was 0.97 (nearly perfect agreement). Interrater reliability was as follows: kappa(w) = 0.99 (movement disorder specialists), kappa(w) = 0.98 (movement disorder fellows), and kappa(w) = 0.97 (general neurologists); all kappa(w) were nearly perfect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This teaching videotape may be used to improve the uniform application of the revised WHIGET Tremor Rating Scale by raters with various levels of experience in movement disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sangiorgio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabbal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Comella
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D020329:Essential Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013663:Teaching; D014743:Videotape Recording