title: Effect of finishing and polishing procedures on the surface roughness of packable composites.
abstract: This study examined the average surface roughness (Ra, micron) of three packable composites and one hybrid composite cured against mylar, before and after treatment with a fine finishing diamond bur, a resin finisher followed by fine and extrafine polishing paste, two silicone-based finishing and polishing systems, fine and super-fine aluminum-oxide polishing disks, a silicon carbide-impregnated polishing brush and a surface-penetrating composite sealant. Additionally, the Ra was examined for one of the packable composites before and after treatment with a finishing carbide, prior to the finishing and polishing procedures detailed above. The finishing diamond significantly increased the Ra for all composites (ALERT, SureFil, Solitaire and Z-100). The finishing carbide used with SureFil (SureFil + C) also increased the Ra; however, it also produced surfaces up to 3.5x smoother when compared to SureFil surfaces finished with the diamond. Overall, Sof-Lex Contouring and Polishing Discs were able to produce the smoothest surfaces, followed by the Jiffy Composite Polishing Cups, the Enhance Composite Finishing & Polishing System/Prisma-Gloss Composite Polishing Paste, the Diacomp Intra-Oral Composite Polishers and the Jiffy Composite Polishing Brushes, respectively. The smoothest surfaces were produced using Z-100, followed by SureFil + C (carbide finishing bur), Solitaire, SureFil and ALERT, respectively. In general, Protect-It Composite Surface Sealant had little effect on the Ra, except with ALERT, where a slight increase in Ra was observed.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas-Houston, Dental Branch, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, 6516 John Freeman Avenue, Houston, TX 77030-3402, USA.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Roeder
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Powers
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018130:Diamond; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009824:Ointments; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012828:Silicones; D013499:Surface Properties; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: C406265:Alert composite resin; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D003188:Composite Resins; D009824:Ointments; D019279:Resin Cements; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012828:Silicones; C113049:Solitaire composite resin; C403464:SureFil packable composite; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement; D018130:Diamond; C074045:Protect Cement; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C022088:silicon carbide