title: Production of ethanol and xylitol from corn cobs by yeasts.
abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis were used separately and as co-culture for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of 5-20% (w/v) dry corn cobs. A maximal ethanol concentration of 27, 23, 21 g/l (w/v) from 200 g/l (w/v) dry corn cobs was obtained by S. cerevisiae, C. tropicalis and the co-culture, respectively, after 96 h of fermentation. However, theoretical yields of 82%, 71% and 63% were observed from 50 g/l dry corn cobs for the above cultures, respectively. Maximal xylitol concentration of 21, 20 and 15 g/l from 200 g/l (w/v) dry corn cobs was obtained by C. tropicalis, co-culture, and S. cerevisiae, respectively. Maximum theoretical yields of 79.0%, 77.0% and 58% were observed from 50 g/l of corn cobs, respectively. The volumetric productivities for ethanol and xylitol increased with the increase in substrate concentration, whereas, yield decreased. Glycerol and acetic acid were formed as minor by-products. S. cerevisiae and C. tropicalis resulted in better product yields (0.42 and 0.36 g/g) for ethanol and (0.52 and 0.71 g/g) for xylitol, respectively, whereas, the co-culture showed moderate level of ethanol (0.32 g/g) and almost maximal levels of xylitol (0.69 g/g).
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Latif
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Rajoka
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002175:Candida / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014993:Xylitol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D005990:Glycerol; D019342:Acetic Acid; D014993:Xylitol