title: A differential outcomes effect using biologically neutral outcomes in delayed matching-to-sample with pigeons.
abstract: The differential outcomes effect (DOE) pertains to enhanced conditional discrimination performance if each correct stimulus-choice sequence is always followed by a different outcome (e.g., food vs. water) compared to when each correct sequence is followed equally often by either outcome. The present experiments sought evidence of a DOE in pigeons, using biologically neutral outcomes. Experiment 1 replicated findings with rats demonstrating that a DOE can occur when one outcome is a biologically neutral light and the other is the absence of that light. Experiment 2 extended these findings by demonstrating a DOE when two biologically neutral outcomes of similar sensory and associative properties were employed.
authors.affiliation: Legal Services Society of British Columbia, 1500-1140 W. Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 4G1. ron.vancouver@att.canada.ca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning; D003118:Color Perception; D010856:Columbidae; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual