Cellular regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Renal function is highly dependent on endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). Several renal disorders have been linked to impaired NO bioavailability. The enzyme that is responsible for the synthesis of NO within the renal endothelium is endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). eNOS-mediated NO generation is a highly regulated cellular event, which is induced by calcium-mobilizing agonists and fluid shear stress. eNOS activity is regulated at the transcriptional level but also by a variety of modifications, such as acylation and phosphorylation, by its cellular localization, and by protein-protein interactions. The present review focuses on the complex regulation of eNOS within the endothelial cell.
Govers
R
R
Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Academic Hospital Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. R.M.T.Govers@LAB.AZU.NL
Rabelink
T J
TJ
D000818:Animals; D021941:Caveolae / Q000201:enzymology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
D014157:Transcription Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III