title: Carotid artery reconstruction for Takayasu's arteritis the necessity of all-autogenous-vein graft policy and development of a new operation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have adopted an all-autogenous-vein-graft policy in carotid reconstruction for Takayasu arteritis, namely an ascendo-right carotid and right subclavian (axillary) arteries bypass using a pantaloon vein graft for patients all of whose arch branches are occluded, and an extra-anatomical bypass from the right subclavian artery for patients whose brachiocephalic artery is the only arch branch that remains patent. This report is to elaborate on these operations and to assess the long-term outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients were operated on according to this policy; (5 women, 1 man, age range: 14 to 59 years (mean: 30). The indications for surgery were severe cerebral ischaemia that significantly interfered with their daily lives. The pantaloon vein graft bypass was performed in four patients, and an extra-anatomical bypass in two. The specific management protocol to prevent the "postbypass hyperperfusion syndrome" and cerebral oedema included a shunt procedure to the internal carotid artery using one limb of the pantaloon vein graft, induced hypotension just before the completion of the carotid reconstruction and the administration of a glycerine-fructose solution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cerebral ischaemic symptoms disappeared in all patients. All but one, who died of a ruptured thoraco-abdominal aneurysm on the 35th postoperative month, are living a normal life with a patent graft. No suture line complications have as yet been encountered (follow-up: 10 to 205 months, mean: 126 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carotid vein bypass for Takayasu arteritis, particularly, the pantaloon vein graft bypass is recommended for those of whom all aortic arch branches are occluded, resulting in severe brain ischaemia. Perioperative blood pressure control is important for prevention of the hyperperfusion syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Yamanashi Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ariizumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D001366:Axillary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016122:Brachiocephalic Trunk / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D013348:Subclavian Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014680:Veins / Q000637:transplantation*