title: The role of the World Reference Laboratories for Foot-and-Mouth Disease and for Rinderpest.
abstract: The World Reference Laboratories for Foot-and-Mouth Disease and for Rinderpest provide a worldwide diagnostic and surveillance service for these disease for FAO and OIE. Both laboratories are housed within the high security facility of the Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, UK. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and rinderpest (RP) are OIE List A diseases and historically have caused huge losses to agricultural economies around the world, prompting the establishment of veterinary colleges in Europe and environmentally controversial control programs in Africa. FMD and RP have now been geographically restricted, but the large legal and illegal world trade in live animals and animal products constantly threatens to allow them to spread back into disease-free areas. The Reference Laboratories provide a center of excellence for the development of improved diagnostic techniques and a repository of isolates collected over many years. These libraries provide material for investigations of the molecular epidemiology and evolution of the viruses and a data base against which new isolates can be compared. Thus it is possible to individually characterize new outbreak strains, identify their likely origin and provide the most up-to-date support for their control.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Animal Health, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kitching
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000235:genetics; D001208:Asia; D002417:Cattle; D019992:Databases as Topic; D005060:Europe; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007391:International Cooperation; D007753:Laboratories; D018103:Morbillivirus / Q000235:genetics; D012015:Reference Standards; D012301:Rinderpest / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006113:United Kingdom