title: Expression of MAGE antigens and analysis of the inflammatory T-cell infiltrate in human seminoma.
abstract: The MAGE gene family encodes antigens that are recognized by cytotoxic T-cells. The expression of MAGE antigens has been linked to tumor stage, and MAGE peptides are under investigation as possible vaccines. Seminomas are tumors that are typically accompanied by a heavy inflammatory infiltrate, but have not been studied with regard to their MAGE antigen expression and its correlation with the inflammatory infiltrate. We investigated, therefore, MAGE protein expression, the amount of cytotoxic T-cells, clonality of the lymphocytic infiltrate, apoptotic activity and occurrence of necrosis. Specimens of 27 patients with classical seminoma were examined by immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, CD56, CD45R0, beta2-microglobulin and HLA-DR. MAGE expression was detected with the monoclonal antibody 57B, reactive with MAGE-1, -3, -4, -6 and -12. Clonality of the inflammatory infiltrate was examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the T-cell receptor rearrangement. Apoptotic cells were detected by DNA nick-end labeling of fragmented DNA, and the apoptotic index was determined semi-quantitatively. Expression of 57B was found in 19 (70%) of 27 seminomas. In all cases, more than 70% of T-cells expressed CD45R0. In four cases, a predominant infiltration of CD8-positive cytotoxic T-cells (CD4/CD8 ratio < 1) was present. However, 15 seminomas showed a CD4/CD8 ratio > 1. In all cases, infiltration of CD56-positive natural killer cells was only focal. HLA-DR expression was not detectable in tumor tissue; beta2-microglobulin was only focal in three cases. Analysis of the T-cell clonality revealed a polyclonal population. The apoptotic index was not significantly different in 57B-positive seminomas (4.15%) compared with 57B negative seminomas (3.80%). Also, no correlation between the 57B expression and the occurrence of necrosis was found. MAGE antigens are homogeneously expressed in most seminomas, but their presence does not appear to represent a dominant epitope responsible for the lymphocytic infiltrate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Germany. rainer.grobholz@path.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grobholz
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Verbeke
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schleger
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Köhrmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bleyl
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Spagnoli
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coplan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iversen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jungbluth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000235:genetics; D018239:Seminoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C072011:MAGEA1 protein, human; C409589:MAGEA12 protein, human; C072013:MAGEA3 protein, human; C095204:MAGEA4 protein, human; C095203:MAGEA6 protein, human; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D004247:DNA