title: Echolalia as a novel manifestation of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: "That tongue of yours, by which I have been tricked, shall have its power curtailed and enjoy the briefest use of speech." With these words, Hera, of Greek mythology, deprived the nymph Echo of spontaneous speech, constraining her instead to merely repeating the words of others. Echolalia, which derives from the word "echo," is disordered speech in which an individual persistently repeats what is heard. Echolalia has been described in patients with a number of neuropsychiatric illnesses including autism and Tourette's syndrome. Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a heterogeneous disease with protean manifestations that may occur in approximately 25% to 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although the most common manifestations include cognitive dysfunction (50%) and seizures (20%), NPSLE may also present as peripheral neuropathy (15%), psychosis (10%), or other central nervous system abnormalities. We report the case of a 57-year-old woman with SLE and echolalia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Tex, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zapor
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Enzenauer
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004454:Echolalia / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013256:Steroids; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D013256:Steroids; D003520:Cyclophosphamide