T cell integrin activation by chemokines in inflammation.
The adhesive function of integrins is regulated through cytoplasmic signaling induced by several stimuli, whose process is designated as "inside-out signaling". A large number of lymphocytes are recruited to the sites of inflammation where they form an essential component of the response to infection, injury, autoimmune disorders, allergy, tumor invasion, atherosclerosis and so on. The recruitment of leukocytes into tissue is regulated by a sequences of interactions between the circulating leukocytes and the endothelial cells. Leukocyte integrins play a pivotal role in leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. During the process, the activation of integrins by chemokines is essential for integrin-mediated adhesion in which a signal transduced to the leukocyte converts the functionally inactive integrin to an active adhesive configuration. The present review documents the relevance of cytoplasmic signaling and cytoskeletal assembly to integrin-mediated adhesion induced by chemokines during inflammatory processes.
Tanaka
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The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan. tanaka@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000276:immunology; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
D018925:Chemokines; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D016023:Integrins