title: Motor and electrographic response of refractory experimental status epilepticus in rats and effect of calcium channel blockers.
abstract: Effects of various calcium channel inhibitors have been studied in lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus. Status epilepticus was induced by administration of lithium chloride (3 meq/kg) followed 21 hr later by pilocarpine (30 mg/kg). Diltiazem (5 and 10 mg/kg) was not effective in delaying onset of convulsions. Verapamil (20 mg/kg) showed protection against lithium-pilocarpine-induced convulsions. The dihydropyridine nifidepine (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) did not show any protection in this model. Amlodipine (5 and 10 mg/kg) as partially protective. Flunarizine (10 and 20 mg/kg) delayed the onset of forelimb clonus and rearing and only 60% of the rats underwent status in the 20 mg/kg group. Pre-treatment of MK-801 led to a potentiation of the antiseizure activity of calcium channel inhibitors. The percent increase in amplitude at various time points with amlodipine pretreatment was significant only at the 30th min recording, and at the rest of the time frames was practically similar as the controls. It can be concluded that the anticonvulsant action of MK-801 can be enhanced by centrally acting calcium channel inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate