title: Aberrant regeneration of the third nerve.
abstract: We describe three patients with aberrant regeneration of the third nerve secondary to traumatic brain injury. The full blown features of the syndrome include horizontal gaze-eyelid synkinesis, pseudo-Graefe sign, limitation of elevation and depression of the eye with retraction of the globe on attempted vertical movements, adduction of the involved eye on attempted elevation or depression, pseudo-Argyll Robertson pupil and absent vertical optokinetic response. The 'misdirection' incidence in our study is 15%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433. hoe_chin_chua@notes.ttsh.gov.sg
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tjia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009802:Oculomotor Nerve / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology