Clinical and immunological spectrum of partial DiGeorge syndrome.
We present four cases of DiGeorge syndrome diagnosed at our center. Onset occurred during the neonatal period and was associated with severe congenital heart disease. In case 1, the patient had heart disease and absence of thymus. Total T-lymphocytes were 34%; total T4-lymphocytes were 27%. Stimulation test with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (conA) and pokeweed mitogen were negative. Microdeletion was found in the chromosome 22q11 region. The second case involved heart disease, microstomia, round and rotated ears and branchial cyst. Total T-lymphocytes were 38% and total T4-lymphocytes 27%. Thymus was absent. Microdeletion in the chromosome 22q11 region. Case 3 showed heart disease, renal malformation, absence of thymus and parathyroid gland. The patient died 5 days postsurgery. Microdeletion was seen at chromosome 22q11. In the fourth case there was heart disease, microretrognathia, hypertelorism, short neck, absence of thymus and parathyroid glands. Total T-lymphocytes were 22%, total T4-lymphocytes 15%, and total T lymphocytes for pokeweed mitogen were negative. Microdeletion was found at chromosome 22q11. At the age of 13 days the patient died. The cases were recorded during a 2-year period, between 1997 and 1998. The prevalence of DiGeorge syndrome in the number of admissions for congenital heart disease among the neonates at our hospital was 3.14%. Presentation in the form of repeated infections is rare, since most cases of DiGeorge syndrome are partial, and functional cellular immunity is preserved.
Martin Mateos
M A
MA
Integrated Pediatrics Unit, Hospital Clínico-Hospital San Juan de Dios, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.
Pérez Dueñas
B P
BP
Iriondo
M
M
Krauel
J
J
Gean Molins
E
E
D000328:Adult; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics; D004062:DiGeorge Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male