title: In vivo hemodynamic, histologic, and antimineralization characteristics of the Mosaic bioprosthesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Performance of bioprosthetic valves is limited by tissue degeneration due to calcification with reduced performance and longevity. The Mosaic bioprosthetic valve (Medtronic Heart Valves, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) combines zero pressure fixation, antimineralization properties of alpha-amino oleic acid (AOA), and a proven stent design. We tested the hypothesis that AOA treatment of Mosaic valves improves hemodynamics, antimineralization properties, and survival in a chronic ovine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitral valves were implanted in juvenile sheep with Mosaic valves with AOA treatment (n = 8) or without AOA treatment (non-AOA, n = 8), or Hancock I (HAN, n = 4) tissue valves, and explanted at 20 postoperative weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival was equivalent in AOA and non-AOA (140 +/- 0.4 and 129 +/- 30 days), but was significantly less in HAN (82 +/- 35). Leaflet calcium (microgCa/mg tissue) was less in AOA (9.6 +/- 13.9; p < 0.05 versus non-AOA and HAN) than non-AOA (96.3 +/- 63.8) and HAN (130.8 +/- 43.2). Explant valve orifice area (cm2) was significantly preserved in the AOA group compared with the non-AOA group (1.5 +/- 0.7 vs 0.8 +/- 0.3; p < 0.05 versus non-AOA and HAN).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that AOA treatment of Mosaic valves reduces leaflet calcification and valve gradient in juvenile sheep, and that the Mosaic design and fixation features may offer survival advantages that must be confirmed in extended trials.
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Research Laboratory, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Crawford Long Hospital, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30365, USA.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Schmarkey
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gott
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vinten-Johansen
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Guyton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006439:Hemodynamics; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve; D023421:Models, Animal; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D009829:Oleic Acids; C088318:2-(amino)oleic acid