title: Buprenorphine or procaine for pain relief in acute pancreatitis. A prospective randomized study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of buprenorphine and procaine in patients with acute pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients (average age, 50 years; 23 male) with acute pancreatitis or an acute bout of a chronic pancreatitis were prospectively randomized to receive buprenorphine or procaine for pain relief. Both analgesics were administered as constant intravenous (i.v.) infusions and additional analgesics were given on demand. Pain scores were assessed on a visual analogue scale. Close clinical control and laboratory checks were performed during the three-day study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients receiving buprenorphine were significantly less likely to demand additional analgesics (1 versus 14 patients; P < 0.0001). The pain scores for patients in the buprenorphine group were significantly lower over the treatment period in comparison to procaine (P < 0.05). The reduction of pain score was significantly greater during the initial two treatment days using buprenorphine (day 1: 55 versus 25, P < 0.0001; day 2: 62 versus 40, P = 0.005). Side effects were comparable for both groups with the exception of a slightly higher sedation rate under buprenorphine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Constant i.v. application of buprenorphine is more effective than the recommended procaine for pain relief in acute pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Medicine C, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen GmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jakobs
authors.forename: M U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Adamek
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: von Bubnoff
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Riemann
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications*; D011343:Procaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002047:Buprenorphine; D011343:Procaine