title: [Hazards and complications of central segmental blockade. I. Epidural anesthesia (retrospective analysis)].
abstract: A total of 700 reports about complications of epidural anesthesia over more than 30 years are analyzed. Four groups of complications have been distinguished: 1) errors and complications caused by technological errors; 2) complications caused by atypical dissemination of an anesthetic; 3) complications caused by side and toxic effects of local anesthetics or effects of epidural block; and 4) complications caused by damage to nerve structures. Causes, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of complications are discussed. The cause-and-effect analysis of complications of epidural anesthesia helped objectively formulate and validate the relative and absolute contraindications to the use of this method.
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Svetlov
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kozlov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D000075202:Contraindications; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D018579:Patient Selection; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013618:Tachyphylaxis; D013997:Time Factors; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
vernacular_title: Opasnosti i oslozhneniia tsentral'nykh segmentarnykh blokad: I. Epidural'naia anesteziia (retrospektivnyĭ analiz).