title: Ex vivo human placental transfer of trovafloxacin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the ex vivo human placental transfer of trovafloxacin from the maternal circulation to the fetal circulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six placentas from uncomplicated, term, vaginal or cesarean deliveries were studied using the ex vivo isolated cotyledon perfusion chamber; 14C-antipyrine was used as a reference compound to determine the clearance index (CI) of trovafloxacin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CI of trovafloxacin was 0.19 +/- 0.13 at a mean trough concentration of 1.38 +/- 0.22 microg/ml and 0.16 +/- 0.10 at a mean peak concentration of 7.48 +/- 2.3 microg/ml as determined by our newly developed high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay. Tissue concentration did not exceed maternal concentration, and there was little or no accumulation when the perfusion system was closed for 1 hr.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trovafloxacin crosses the placenta by simple diffusion and does not accumulate in the media to any extent, nor does it bind to tissue or accumulate in the placenta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75390-9032, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Bawdon
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000983:Antipyrine; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000592:standards; D004058:Diffusion; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; C080163:trovafloxacin; D000983:Antipyrine