title: [Maternal risk factors associated with anencephaly].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anencephaly has factors of risk genetics, environmental and maternal.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Identify maternal factors of risk for anencephaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics; second level Social Security Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  69 pregnant patients attended in their delivery, 23 cases and 46 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  We applied a questionnary with questions about factors of risk to each patient with anencephaly children (cases), and to two mothers with healthy children (controls).
  
  
  METHODS
  The data were analyzed and in boards 2 x 2 resisting differentiates them with x2 test, and the association was measured with odds ratio (OR). Results greater than 1.5 with IC95% by above 1 were significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence of anencephaly is 2.82/1,000 live births. Association with maternal age, pregnancy, gestational pathology, exposition to high temperatures, mother occupation, exposition to chemical or physical agents, was not found. Protective effects associated, with drug administration during gestation, mainly multivitamin preparations, was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence is high, it is a public health problem. During pregnancy probability of anencephaly was less frequent in mothers receiving multivitamin preparations.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de la Rosa Morales
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guzmán Juárez
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guarneros Cortés
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000757:Anencephaly / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008423:Maternal Age; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins
vernacular_title: Factores de riesgo maternos asociados a anencefalia.