[Maternal risk factors associated with anencephaly].
BACKGROUND
Anencephaly has factors of risk genetics, environmental and maternal.


OBJECTIVE
Identify maternal factors of risk for anencephaly.


METHODS
Case-control study.


METHODS
Department of Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics; second level Social Security Hospital.


METHODS
69 pregnant patients attended in their delivery, 23 cases and 46 controls.


METHODS
We applied a questionnary with questions about factors of risk to each patient with anencephaly children (cases), and to two mothers with healthy children (controls).


METHODS
The data were analyzed and in boards 2 x 2 resisting differentiates them with x2 test, and the association was measured with odds ratio (OR). Results greater than 1.5 with IC95% by above 1 were significant.


RESULTS
Incidence of anencephaly is 2.82/1,000 live births. Association with maternal age, pregnancy, gestational pathology, exposition to high temperatures, mother occupation, exposition to chemical or physical agents, was not found. Protective effects associated, with drug administration during gestation, mainly multivitamin preparations, was found.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence is high, it is a public health problem. During pregnancy probability of anencephaly was less frequent in mothers receiving multivitamin preparations.
de la Rosa Morales
V
V
Guzmán Juárez
L
L
Guarneros Cortés
C A
CA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000757:Anencephaly / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008423:Maternal Age; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage
D014815:Vitamins
Factores de riesgo maternos asociados a anencefalia.