title: The Rhizobium leguminosarum glnB gene is down-regulated during symbiosis.
abstract: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation involves the development, on the legume plant root, of specialised organs called nodules, within which plant photosynthates are exchanged for combined nitrogen of bacterial origin. The glnB gene encodes a signal transduction protein (P(II)) which is a component of the bacterial nitrogen regulation (Ntr) system and an essential regulator of ammonium assimilation. We demonstrate that in Rhizobium leguminosarum the glnB promoter is strongly regulated by nitrogen and NtrC, but still shows a significant level of activity in conditions of nitrogen excess. Expression of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation has been shown to be absent in nitrogen-fixing bacteroids, and, in agreement with this, we find that the glnB promoter is down-regulated during bacteroid differentiation at a time coincident with the arrest of bacterial division in the nodule. This pattern is common to other bacterial genes involved in nitrogen assimilation and it is noteworthy that the zone where the glnB promoter is active is coincident with the region in which NtrC is expressed.
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ercolano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mirabella
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merrick
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiurazzi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009591:Nitrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D051922:PII Nitrogen Regulatory Proteins; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016961:Rhizobium leguminosarum / Q000235:genetics*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013559:Symbiosis; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051922:PII Nitrogen Regulatory Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C404143:PIID regulatory protein, Bacteria; D009591:Nitrogenase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase