title: Diagnostic value of plasma chromogranin A in neuroendocrine tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the value of plasma chromogranin A (CgA), a protein produced by neuroendocrine cells, in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty subjects with neuroendocrine tumours were studied. Thirty-four had carcinoids, 21 nonfunctioning endocrine pancreatic tumours, 17 multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) (six of these also had gastrinomas), and eight had functioning pancreatic tumours (four gastrinomas, two glucagonomas, two somatostatinomas). Twenty-eight healthy subjects were studied as controls. A fasting plasma sample was obtained from each subject, and CgA plasma levels were measured by the ELISA method using a kit (Dako A/S, Denmark).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control subjects, plasma CgA values were below 5 U/l. Among the patients, 20 of the 34 with carcinoid tumours, 12 of the 21 with nonfunctioning pancreatic tumours, nine of the 17 with MEN 1 (including the six with gastrinomas), and the four gastrinomas of the eight functioning pancreatic tumours, i.e. overall, 45 of the 80 patients (56.3%) had abnormally high CgA values (22-961 U/l). Most of the patients with elevated CgA values, except nine of the 10 with gastrinomas, had multiple liver metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that the diagnostic value of plasma CgA in neuroendocrine tumours is relatively low; it may be of some interest only in patients with advanced disease and liver metastasis. Gastrinoma seems to be an exception, because in this tumour high CgA values are generally found even in the absence of liver metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy. tomasset@med.unibo.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tomassetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Migliori
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simoni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casadei
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Iasio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corinaldesi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gullo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000097:blood; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015408:Gastrinoma / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018761:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / Q000097:blood; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: C506150:CHGA protein, human; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins