title: Hepatitis C virus infection in hospitalized children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was the estimation of the incidence of HCV infection and the analysis of risk factors for the infection in hospitalized children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of the data of 1263 patients treated in hospital wards of Chair and Department of Gastroenterology and Paediatric Diseases from July 1995 to March 1998; all the patients had hepatitis C virus antibodies determined. Hepatitis C virus antibodies were assessed with the use of enzyme immunoassay. All the positive results were confirmed by means of Lia Tek HCV or PCR HCV RNA method. History data regarding frequency of previous hospitalizations, operations, blood transfusions and invasive diagnostic procedures patients had undergone were included in analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCV infection was diagnosed in 47 children which accounted for 3.7% of the group enrolled in the study. The majority, that is 96.2% of seropositive children had the history of hospitalization, while 73.2% of them underwent intervention procedures disrupting tissue continuity during previous hospitalizations. Physical examination analysis indicates that all the patients with antibodies against HCV could have acquired the infection through parenteral transmission. The data indicating another route of transmission were not obtained (e.g. familial transmission).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1. Serological tests for HCV infection should be performed on routine basis in frequently hospitalized children. 2. HCV infection resulting from iatrogenic transmission can be suspected in the majority of seropositive children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Medical University, ul. Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tyczyńska-Hoffmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szklarska-Szczepanik
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Swincow
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adamska
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Michalska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Łoś
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czerwionka-Szaflarska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies