title: Combined therapy with an angiotensin II receptor blocker and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of chronic combination therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) in the management of heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical literature was accessed through MEDLINE (January 1966-June 2000). Key search terms included angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; losartan; combined modality therapy; drug effects; heart failure, congestive; and receptors, angiotensin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heart failure is widely prevalent and continues to be associated with high morbidity and mortality, even with currently recommended care. At the moderate doses studied for patients with mild heart failure in brief trials, combined ACE inhibitor and ARB therapy was well tolerated and had an additive effect in reducing blood pressure and relieving symptoms of heart failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An ARB combined with an ACE inhibitor may benefit heart failure patients who are receiving all other recommended therapies. Further trials are needed to evaluate long-term safety effectiveness, quality of life, and survival before the combination can be recommended for routine use.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Pocatello, USA. dstruckman@bilb2.billings.ihs.gov
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Struckman
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rivey
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000804:Angiotensin II