title: Beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3-AR) is suspected to play a key role in the regulation of energy balance by increasing lipolysis and thermogenesis. A mutation in the beta 3-AR gene (Trp64Arg) has been associated with the capacity of weight gain and with early onset of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). In this study we investigated the prevalence of the two beta 3-AR alleles in a Caucasian population and studied the association between the beta 3-AR genotype and metabolic disorders (obesity and type 2 diabetes).
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes of 200 Caucasian subjects (137 subjects with and 63 subjects without type 2 diabetes). The MvaI polymorphism of beta 3-AR, which detects the Trp64Arg mutation, was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We studied the correlation between the Trp64Arg mutation and the body mass index (b.m.i. kg/m2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the patients with type 2 diabetes and control subjects in the frequency of the Arg64 allele (5.5% and 4.8%, respectively). Within the group of type 2 diabetes patients were 14 subjects with the Trp64Arg mutation (b.m.i., mean +/- s.d.: 31 +/- 8.5 kg/m2) and 123 without the mutation (b.m.i. 29 +/- 4.8). There was no association between the beta 3-AR gene polymorphism and sex, obesity, blood pressure, glycohaemoglobin concentration, proteinuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the Trp64Arg mutation is not a major determinant of metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes, obesity) and chronic complications of type 2 diabetes in a Dutch population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oeveren van-Dybicz
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Vonkeman
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bon
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: van den Bergh
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vermes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001120:Arginine; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D014364:Tryptophan; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D014364:Tryptophan; D004247:DNA; D001120:Arginine; C046545:CCWGG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific