title: Protective effect of Copalite surface coating on mercury release from dental amalgam following treatment with carbamide peroxide.
abstract: The effect of Copalite coating on mercury release from dental amalgam following treatment with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% carbamide peroxide was assessed in vitro, using a cold-vapour atomic absorption Mercury Analyzer System. Eighty samples of dental amalgam were automatically mixed in a dental amalgamator and condensed into silicon embedding molds. Forty amalgam samples were coated with three uniform layers of Copalite intermediary varnish and the other 40 samples were left uncoated. The coated and non-coated amalgam samples were exposed for 24 h to 10%, 20%, 30% or 40% carbamide peroxide preparations and compared with samples exposed to phosphate buffer. In the non-coated samples a significant increase of mercury concentration in solution was found following exposure to all carbamide peroxide preparations tested. Mercury concentration was directly related to carbamide peroxide concentration. In the Copalite-coated samples, significantly lower concentrations of mercury in solution were found as compared to the non-coated samples (P < 0.01). In conclusion, exposure of amalgam restorations to 10%-40% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agents increased the mercury release. Pre-coating of the external amalgam surfaces with Copalite significantly reduced the release of mercury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. rotstein@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rotstein
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Avron
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shemesh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steinberg
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002021:Buffers; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007764:Lacquer; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010710:Phosphates; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D012116:Resins, Plant; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003764:Dental Materials; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D010710:Phosphates; D020011:Protective Agents; D012116:Resins, Plant; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; C023806:Copalite; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D014508:Urea; D008628:Mercury