title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in canine renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to be the primary enzyme responsible for prostaglandin production during inflammation but is absent in most tissues under normal physiological states. High levels of COX-2 expression have been observed in the macula densa and thick ascending limbs of fetal kidneys; this expression declines to minimal levels during renal maturation. We hypothesized that the neoplastic cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) may revert to high expression of COX-2, and we evaluated its expression in three spontaneous cases of canine RCC by using immunohistochemical methods. The neoplastic cells of two of the three cases exhibited moderate to marked COX-2 immunoreactivity. These results suggest that some canine renal cell carcinomas express high levels of COX-2, which may play a role in the modulation of neoplastic cell growth.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Stanfield
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trajkovic
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Knapp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases