title: Preconditioning with spreading depression activates specifically protein kinase Cdelta.
abstract: Preconditioning with brief ischemia or spreading depression (SD) confers tolerance in cortical neurons to subsequent episode of ischemia. In myocardium a similar preconditioning is achieved by mechanisms, which are mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) alpha, delta, epsilon or zeta isoform. We induced SD by cortical application of KCl in the rat and analyzed cortical tissues after recovery of 30 min, 4 h and 12 h. While no changes at protein levels or activity of PKCalpha, epsilon or zeta were detected, a considerable increase in membrane translocation of PKCdelta was seen at 30 min and 12 h. A significant increase at mRNA level, protein amount and autophosphorylation at 12 h confirmed the late activation of PKCdelta, which may be involved in neuronal protection by preconditioning.
authors.affiliation: AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurkinen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keinänen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koistinaho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D051744:Protein Kinase C-epsilon; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D051744:Protein Kinase C-epsilon; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta; C497260:Prkcd protein, rat; C497257:Prkce protein, rat