title: Penetration of verapamil hydrochloride in the presence of sodium glycocholate as penetration enhancer through mucous membrane.
abstract: A model buccal drug formulation (BDF) with verapamil hydrochloride (VH) is in the form of a thin elastic disk made of two layers. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of sodium glycocholate (SG) as a penetration enhancer in a BDF on the in vitro penetration rate of VH through pig oesophageal mucosa. It was found that VH penetrates mucosa. In 6 h 10.35 mg/cm2 of drug diffused from saturated solution in a buffer of pH 5.3 white from diffused only 7.78 mg/cm2 and 4.68 mg/cm2 of VH, respectively saturated buffers of pH 6.8 and 7.3. In 6 h approximately 1.3 mg/cm2 of VH penetrate the mucosa from the control BDF model which does not contain the penetration enhancer. Conversely the content of SG in the model BDF contributes to the increase in drug penetration rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland. wsawicki@farmacja.amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sawicki
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002021:Buffers; D004947:Esophagus / Q000378:metabolism; D005079:Excipients; D006000:Glycocholic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008823:Micelles; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013552:Swine; D014700:Verapamil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D005079:Excipients; D008823:Micelles; D014700:Verapamil; D006000:Glycocholic Acid