Cleft lip and palate care in the United Kingdom--the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) Study. Part 4: outcome comparisons, training, and conclusions.
OBJECTIVE
A critical appraisal of cleft care in the United Kingdom.


METHODS
Retrospective comparative study.


METHODS
All National Health Service cleft centers in the United Kingdom.


METHODS
Children born with unilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate between April 1, 1982, and March 31, 1984 (12-year-olds), and April 1, 1989, and March 31, 1991 (5-year-olds). Newly appointed and senior cleft clinicians.


METHODS
Skeletal pattern, dental arch relationship, success of alveolar bone grafting, dental health, facial appearance, oral health status, patient/parent satisfaction.


CONCLUSIONS
This paper highlights the poor outcomes for the fragmented cleft care in the United Kingdom, compared with European centers. There is an urgent need for a review of structure, organization, and training.
Bearn
D
D
Unit of Orthodontics, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, England.
Mildinhall
S
S
Murphy
T
T
Murray
J J
JJ
Sell
D
D
Shaw
W C
WC
Williams
A C
AC
Sandy
J R
JR
D000543:Alveoloplasty; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D004954:Esthetics; D005060:Europe; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology; D008485:Medical Audit; D016155:Oral Fistula / Q000145:classification; D009909:Oral Health; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000193:education; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000193:education; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom