title: Specificity of parotid sialendoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present our initial experience with sialendoscopy of the parotid duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic and interventional sialendoscopy procedures were performed in 79 and 55 cases, respectively. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was used to classify ductal lesions into sialolithiasis, stenosis, sialodochitis, and polyps. Interventional sialendoscopy was used to treat these disorders. The type of endoscope used, the type of sialolithiasis fragmentation and/or extraction device used, the total number of procedures, the type of anesthesia, and the number and size of the sialoliths removed were the dependent variables. The outcome variable was the endoscopic clearing of the ductal tree and resolution of symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic sialendoscopy was possible in all cases, with an average duration of 26+/-14 minutes and no complications. Interventional sialendoscopy was successful in 85% of cases, with an average duration of 73+/-43 minutes (+/- standard deviation). Multiple procedures were performed in 45% of cases, general anesthesia was used in 24%, and parotidectomy in 2%. Multiple sialoliths were found in 58% of ducts and associated with more procedures under general anesthesia and longer operations. The average size of sialoliths was 3.2+/-1.3 mm; larger stones were associated with more procedures under general anesthesia, longer and multiple procedures, use of fragmentation, and sialendoscopy failures. Sialolithiasis fragmentation was required in 10% of cases, with a success rate of 70%. Semirigid sialendoscopes performed better than flexible ones. Complications were mostly minor but were encountered in 12% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic sialendoscopy is a new technique for evaluating salivary duct disease, a technique which is associated with low morbidity. Interventional sialendoscopy allows the extraction of sialoliths in most patients, preventing open gland excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marchal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dulguerov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barki
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Disant
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010305:Parotid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D012465:Salivary Duct Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D018987:Salivary Ducts / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome