title: False positive molecular diagnosis of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most common pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is at the 11,778 nucleotide (nt) position and is usually detected by loss of an Sfa NI restriction site. However, Sfa NI restriction site includes five nucleotides. Substitution of any of the five nucleotides leads to loss of the cutting site and causes a false-positive result. We investigated the false-positive diagnosis of LHON by loss of the Sfa NI restriction site using Sfa NI restriction site analysis and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mae III restriction analysis for double confirmation of the Sfa NI restriction site and direct sequencing for final confirmation of SSCP analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity of Sfa NI test was 100% and the specificity of the Sfa NI test was 97%. The false-positive rate of Sfa NI test was 3%. SSCP analysis showed 100% sensitivity. Direct sequencing showed 32 patients had a mutation at nt 11,778 of mtDNA and one patient had a silent mutation at nt 11,782 of mtDNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that restriction enzyme digestion analysis requires double confirmation to avoid a false-positive diagnosis and that DNA sequencing is needed for the confirmation of the mutation detected by SSCP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015418:Optic Atrophies, Hereditary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial