title: UVA-induced oxidative damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells after H2O2 or sparfloxacin exposure.
abstract: Retinal impairment is one of the leading causes of visual loss in an aging human population. To explore a possible cause for retinal damage in the human population, we have monitored DNA oxidation in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells after exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or the quinolone antibacterial sparfloxacin. When H2O2- or sparfloxacin-exposed cells were further exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation, oxidative damage to the DNA of these cells was greatly increased over baseline values. This RPE+pharmaceutical-UVA cell system was developed to mimic in vivo retinal degeneration, seen in mouse studies using quinolone and UVA exposure. DNA damage produced by sparfloxacin and UVA in RPE cells could be remedied by the use of antioxidants, indicating a possible in vivo method for prevention or minimization of retinal damage in humans
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, 92521, USA.
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Verna
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoh
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010881:Piperidones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000494:pharmacology; D014216:Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010881:Piperidones; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D014216:Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl; C002273:tempidon; C029217:phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D019810:Sodium Azide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; C061363:sparfloxacin