title: Expression of cadherins and their undercoat proteins (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins and p120) and accumulation of beta-catenin with no gene mutations in synovial sarcoma.
abstract: E-cadherin, the major intercellular adhesion molecule of epithelial cells, is important in determining the architecture of sarcomas, especially those showing epithelioid features. In addition to its role in cell adhesion, beta-catenin, a cadherin undercoat protein, has been shown to function as a downstream transcriptional activator of the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway. In order to evaluate the significance of the cadherin cell adhesion system and the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway in the morphogenesis and/or tumorigenesis of synovial sarcoma (a major type of sarcoma with epithelioid features), immunoreactivity for pan-cadherin, E-cadherin, and their undercoat proteins (alpha-, beta-,and gamma-catenins and p120) was evaluated in 15 synovial sarcomas. Immunoreactivity for pan-cadherin, E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, beta-catenin, and p120 was observed in all 15 specimens. Immunoreactivity for pan-cadherin was stronger than that for E-cadherin. Expression of gamma-catenin was detected in ten specimens. Although beta-catenin was observed only at the cell-cell boundaries in four specimens, it was present in the nucleus and cytoplasm and at the cell-cell boundaries in the other 11, suggesting constitutional activation of the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway in synovial sarcoma. Direct sequencing for exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene, however, revealed no mutations in any of the 15 specimens. In conclusion, other types of cadherin besides E-cadherin, together with cadherin undercoat proteins, may play a role in cell adhesion in synovial sarcoma. Furthermore, mechanisms other than mutation of exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene may activate the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway in this type of tumor.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institue,  Tokyo,  Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051180:Desmoplakins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D013584:Sarcoma, Synovial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051178:alpha Catenin; D051176:beta Catenin; D051185:gamma Catenin
chemical_list: C495273:CTNNA1 protein, human; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D051180:Desmoplakins; C495292:JUP protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051178:alpha Catenin; D051176:beta Catenin; D051185:gamma Catenin