title: Savinin, a lignan from Pterocarpus santalinus inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and T cell proliferation.
abstract: Two lignans were isolated from the heartwood of Pterocarpus santalinus by activity-guided fractionation and investigated for their biological properties and molecular mechanism of action. On the basis of their spectroscopic data, these compounds were identified as savinin (1) and calocedrin (2), dibenzyl butyrolactone-type lignan compounds having an alpha-arylidene gamma-lactone structure. These lignans significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and T cell proliferation elicited by concanavalin (Con A), without displaying cytotoxicity. The molecular inhibitory mechanism of compound 1 was confirmed to be mediated by the non-polar butyrolactone ring, according to a structure-relationship study with structurally related and unrelated compounds, such as arctigenin (a dibenzyl butyrolactone type lignan), eudesmin (a furofuran type lignan), isolariciresinol (a dibenzylbutane type lignan), and cynaropicrin (a sesquiterpene lactone). The results suggest that savinin may act as an active principle in the reported biological activities of P. santalinus, such as antiinflammatory effect, by mediation of the butyrolactone ring as a valuable pharmacophore.
authors.affiliation: R & D Center, Daewooang Pharmaceutical Co.. Ltd., Sungnam, Korea . jae.cho@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D017705:Lignans / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019685:Rosales / Q000737:chemistry*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D017705:Lignans; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C425325:savinin