title: Glucose and fatty acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an assessment using low-dose insulin infusion and the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether resistance to the effects of insulin on lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus parallels that demonstrated for glucose metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with type 2 diabetes were studied (mean age 56.2 years, mean body mass index (b.m.i.) 28.7 kg m(-2)). The hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp (2 mU insulin kg(-1) min(-1)) and a low-dose insulin infusion technique were used in order to assess insulin effects on both glucose and lipid metabolism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the low-dose insulin infusion there were significant correlations between measures of insulin sensitivity for glucose metabolism and those for NEFA (r = 0.82, p < 0.01) and glycerol (r = 0.73, p < 0.01). Mean clamp glucose disposal was 33.4 micromol kgb.w.(-1) min(-1). There was no correlation between clamp glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity derived from the low-dose insulin infusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At low insulin concentrations, insulin's effects on glucose metabolism (mainly suppression of hepatic glucose output) mirror those on inhibition of lipolysis. At the high insulin concentrations seen during the clamp, stimulation of glucose uptake provides a measure of maximal insulin action which does not parallel its physiological effects shown at lower concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Selly Oak Hospital, UK. m.desai@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Whitelaw
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nattrass
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol