Correlation of intraperitoneal antibiotic pharmacokinetics and peritoneal membrane transport characteristics.
OBJECTIVE
To identify correlations between the pharmacokinetic variables that describe drug disposition in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and the measures used to assess dialysis adequacy.


METHODS
This retrospective study re-evaluated data collected during previous pharmacokinetic studies for intraperitoneally administered cefazolin, ceftazidime, and gentamicin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, and intravenous cefazolin and tobramycin in automated PD patients. Pharmacokinetic variables were compared to creatinine clearance (CCr), Kt/V, and peritoneal equilibration test data using the Pearson product correlation coefficient (r).


RESULTS
Prominent correlations were found between renal CCr and renal Kt/V, with renal clearances of CAPD cefazolin and ceftazidime, and automated PD tobramycin and cefazolin (r values ranged from 0.698 to 0.986; p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support current peritonitis treatment recommendations that patients with residual renal function may require higher doses or more frequent drug administration.
Elwell
R J
RJ
Albany College of Pharmacy, New York 12208, USA.
Bailie
G R
GR
Manley
H J
HJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D005839:Gentamicins; D002442:Ceftazidime; D002437:Cefazolin