title: [Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on proliferation and intracellular free calcium concentration in endothelium of human umbilical vein endothelial cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To Observe the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on cell proliferation and Intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in endothelium of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and investigate the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome (PIH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Confluent monolayer of HUVEC was directly incubated with TNF-alpha at following final concentrations: 500, 1,000, 2,000 U/ml for 24 hours. The percentages of different cellcycles and [Ca2+]i were measured by flow cytometry and fluorospectrophotmetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incubated with TNF-alpha, the endothelial cells were elongated and transformed into fibroblast-like cells. Border of nucleus was sharp, clarity, and cells were in regular shape. But there were abnormal granules in cytoplasma and some cells detached at the concentrotion of 2,000 U/ml of TNF-alpha. Stimulated by TNF-alpha, the percentage of cellcycles from phase G0 + G1 to S and G2 + M decreased significantly and it was dose-dependent [Ca2+]i increased significantly and dose-dependent as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-alpha may injure endothelium directly and inhibit its proliferation and repair through the changes of [Ca2+]i level. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PIH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Second Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110003, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002118:Calcium