A case report of olanzapine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.
Hypersensitivity syndrome is defined as a drug-induced complex of symptoms consisting of fever, rash, and internal organ involvement. The hypersensitivity syndrome is well recognized as being caused by anticonvulsants. Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent whose side effects include sedation, weight gain, and increased creatinine kinase and transaminase levels. To date, there have been no reports of hypersensitivity syndrome related to this drug. A 34-year-old man developed a severe generalized pruritic skin eruption, fever, eosinophilia, and toxic hepatitis 60 days after ingestion of olanzapine. After termination of olanzapine treatment, the fever resolved, the skin rash was reduced, eosinophil count was reduced to normal, and the transaminase levels were markedly reduced. Clinical features and the results of skin and liver biopsies indicated that the patient developed hypersensitivity syndrome caused by olanzapine.
Raz
A
A
Department of Medicine E, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Bergman
R
R
Eilam
O
O
Yungerman
T
T
Hayek
T
T
D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000139:chemically induced; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011537:Pruritus / Q000139:chemically induced; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D013577:Syndrome
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D010890:Pirenzepine; D000077152:Olanzapine