title: Selective use of whole-lung irradiation for patients with Ewing sarcoma family tumors and pulmonary metastases at the time of diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The benefit of whole-lung irradiation (WLI) for patients who have pulmonary metastases (PM) of Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFT) is unclear. At our institution, WLI is reserved for patients with PM that do not respond completely to induction chemotherapy. We reviewed our experience to assess the impact of WLI on clinical outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients with ESFT and PM were treated in three consecutive institutional trials (1979-1996). Extent of pulmonary involvement at diagnosis, response of PM after induction chemotherapy, local treatment of PM thereafter, and clinical outcome were recorded. Treatment included primary tumor surgery and/or radiotherapy and 42 to 58 weeks of multiagent chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only eight patients (29%) received WLI. For the entire study group, the estimated 5-year event-free survival was 22.9% +/- 9.0%; the 5-year survival was 37.3% +/- 9.8%. Complete resolution of PM after induction chemotherapy was not correlated with survival (P = 0.53), nor was treatment with WLI (P = 0.87).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The comparable survival of patients with poor and good response of PM to induction chemotherapy suggests that WLI may benefit poor responders. The use of WLI in good responders may provide similar benefit and merits further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794, USA. sheri.spunt@stjude.org
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Spunt
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McCarville
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kun
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Poquette
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brandao
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pappo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015993:Life Tables; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D017564:Radiation Pneumonitis / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D007069:Ifosfamide