title: Impaired glucose metabolism and obesity in Swedish patients with borderline isolated systolic hypertension: Skaraborg Hypertension and Diabetes Project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of borderline isolated systolic hypertension (borderline ISH), and to examine its association with other cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out in 1993-1994 in Skara, Sweden, including 1109 randomly chosen subjects > or = 40 years old. Normotension (NT) was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg, borderline ISH as SBP 140-159 and DBP < 90 mmHg and hypertension (HT) as SBP > or = 160 or DBP > or = 90 mmHg or ongoing treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of borderline ISH (n = 203) by age was 4% in ages 40-49 years, 15% in ages 50-59 years, 28% in ages 60-69 years and 25% in ages 70-79 years. With borderline ISH as reference, normotensive subjects less often had fasting blood glucose > 5.5 mmol/l (odds ratio (OR): 0.4, 95% CI: 0.26-0.75), BMI > 27 kg/m2 (OR: 0.6, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.42-0.85) and known diabetes (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.16-0.95). Hypertensive subjects more often had high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/l (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.35-2.99), a history of previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.01-2.72), known diabetes (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.29-4.58) and microalbuminuria (men) (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.15-3.11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Borderline ISH is a common condition. It is associated with a more unfavourable risk factor profile than that of normotensive subjects concerning primarily glucose metabolism and obesity. The prevalence of known diabetes increased with the degree of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. fou-enheten.skara@swipnet.se
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bøg-Hansen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lindblad
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ranstam
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Råstam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012424:Rural Population; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL