Secretoneurin and neurogenic inflammation.
OBJECTIVE
Review of evidence that the 33-amino-acid polypeptide secretoneurin, which is generated by proteolytic cleavage of secretogranin II, plays a role in neurogenic inflammation.


METHODS
Survey of the literature using a MEDLINE search database.


RESULTS
Secretoneurin is synthesized in spinal ganglia, transported through the dorsal roots and stored in the axon terminals of primary afferent neurons. Investigations using capsaicin suggest that secretoneurin functions as an excitatory transmitter. Secretoneurin specifically activates various cell functions including the chemotactic migration of monocytes, eosinophils, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells, which suggests that the peptide may modulate inflammatory reactions. Secretoneurin receptors have been functionally characterized. They are G-proteins linked and effects are abrogated by inhibition of protein kinase C.


CONCLUSIONS
With actions as diverse as those seen with other mediators such as tachykinins, secretoneurin may be considered another sensory neuropeptide with modulatory potential in neurogenic inflammation.
Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Christian.Wiedermann@uibk.ac.at
C J
CJ
Wiedermann
S
S
Dunzendorfer
C M
CM
Kähler
N
N
Reinisch
P
P
Schratzberger
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D002864:Chromogranins; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D020078:Neurogenic Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053381:Secretogranin II
D002864:Chromogranins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D011506:Proteins; D053381:Secretogranin II; C081159:secretoneurin