The reliability of forensic osteology--a case in point. Case study.
The medico-legal investigation of skeletons is a trans-disciplinary effort by forensic scientists as well as physical anthropologists. The advent of DNA extraction and amplification from bones and teeth has led to the assumption that morphological assessment of skeletal remains might soon become obsolete. But despite the introduction and success of molecular biology, the analysis of skeletal biology will remain an integral part of the identification process. This is due to the fact, that the skeletal record allows relatively fast and accurate inferences about the identity of the victim. Moreover, a standard biological profile may be established to effectively narrow the police investigator's search parameters. The following study demonstrates how skeletal biology may collaborate in the forensic investigation and support DNA fingerprinting evidence. In this case, the information gained from standard morphological methods about the unknown person's sex, age and heritage immediately led the police to suspect, that the remains were that of a young man from Vietnam, who had been missing for 2.5 years. The investigation then quickly shifted to prove the victim's identity via DNA extraction and mtDNA sequence analysis and biostatistical calculations involving questions of kinship [4].
Kemkes-Grottenthaler
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Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fachbereich 21, D-55099, Mainz, Germany. kemkes@mail.uni-mainz.de
D000328:Adult; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005006:Ethnicity; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D005553:Forensic Dentistry; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D014744:Vietnam / Q000208:ethnology