Floppy SOX: mutual induced fit in hmg (high-mobility group) box-DNA recognition.
The high-mobility group (HMG) box defines a DNA-bending motif of broad interest in relation to human development and disease. Major and minor wings of an L-shaped structure provide a template for DNA bending. As in the TATA-binding protein and a diverse family of factors, insertion of one or more side chains between base pairs induces a DNA kink. The HMG box binds in the DNA minor groove and may be specific for DNA sequence or distorted DNA architecture. Whereas the angular structures of non-sequence-specific domains are well ordered, free SRY and related autosomal SOX domains are in part disordered. Observations suggesting that the minor wing lacks a fixed tertiary structure motivate the hypothesis that DNA bending and stabilization of protein structure define a coupled process. We further propose that mutual induced fit in SOX-DNA recognition underlies the sequence dependence of DNA bending and enables the induction of promoter-specific architectures.
Department of Biochemistry Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D008596:Menotropins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D051876:Sex-Determining Region Y Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C527923:SOX10 protein, human; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; C497745:SRY protein, human; D051876:Sex-Determining Region Y Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008596:Menotropins; D004247:DNA