Acute effect of dietary stanyl ester dose on post-absorptive alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, retinol and retinyl palmitate concentrations.
Stanyl esters dissolved in margarine inhibit cholesterol absorption, lower sterol absorption in general, and lower serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and plant sterol levels. To find out whether stanyl esters inhibit absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and beta-carotene in acute experiments, we performed two fat-tolerance tests fortified with vitamins (retinol 0.9-3.7 mg, alpha-tocopherol 70-581 mg), beta-carotene (25-150 mg) and squalene (0.5 g) with and without 1 g of stanyl ester added to the test meal in ten healthy men. The concentrations or areas under the curves (AUC) of cholesterol, triacylglycerols, squalene and alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate showed typical postprandial changes in serum, chylomicrons, VLDL and VLDL infranatant (intermediate-density lipoproteins, LDL and HDL) over 24 h after the test meal without stanyl esters, and they were not affected by the addition of stanyl esters. The post-absorptive serum campesterol concentration and campesterol : cholesterol were significantly lowered at 6-9 h by stanyl ester supplementation, reflecting reduced sterol absorption efficiency. Changes in vitamin and beta-carotene AUC did not correlate with the given doses. In conclusion, the present study shows that stanyl esters dissolved in margarine do not detectably interfere in a short-term study with the absorption of alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene or retinol measured by a 24 h oral fat-load test.
Relas
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Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO Box 340, FIN-00029 HYKS, Helsinki, Finland.
Gylling
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Miettinen
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D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004952:Esters; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010168:Palmitates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010840:Phytosterols; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013185:Squalene / Q000097:blood; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000378:metabolism*
D002914:Chylomicrons; D004952:Esters; D010168:Palmitates; D010840:Phytosterols; D012855:Sitosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; C021273:campesterol; D013185:Squalene; D002784:Cholesterol