Estimation of population attributable fractions from fitted incidence ratios and exposure survey data, with an application to electromagnetic fields and childhood leukemia.
Standard presentations of epidemiological results focus on incidence-ratio estimates derived from regression models fit to specialized study data. These data are often highly nonrepresentative of populations for which public-health impacts must be evaluated. Basic methods are provided for interval estimation of attributable fractions from model-based incidence-ratio estimates combined with independent survey estimates of the exposure distribution in the target population of interest. These methods are illustrated in estimation of the potential impact of magnetic-field exposures on childhood leukemia in the United States, based on pooled data from 11 case-control studies and a U.S. sample survey of magnetic-field exposures.
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772, USA.
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Greenland
D001699:Biometry; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology