Is a pacemaker indicated for vasovagal patients with severe cardioinhibitory reflex as identified by the ATP test? A preliminary randomized trial.
BACKGROUND
A previous observational study suggested that, in syncopal elderly patients with vasovagal syndrome, a test using adenosine-5'-triphosphate (intravenous ATP 20 mg. 2 ml-1) could identify a subgroup of patients at high risk of severe cardioinhibitory response and guide the therapeutic strategy. To test one aspect of these results prospectively, we designed a small study focusing only on vasovagal patients with abnormal response to ATP testing.


METHODS
Twenty patients hospitalized for syncope, which was considered to be vasovagal, and exhibiting an abnormal ATP test--defined by a longer than 10 s cardiac pause--were randomized to two groups: half to implantation with a dual-chamber pacemaker and half to usual medical care. All patients who were not hospitalized for recurrences were assessed every 6 months in the clinic or by telephone.


RESULTS
At baseline, the randomized patient groups were similar in their demographic and health characteristics and in the results of their ATP tests, for example the mean cardiac pause (21.4 +/- 9.3 vs 15.9 +/- 3.7 s) and the mean interval between escape beats during the pause (7.29 +/- 4.2 vs 7.48 +/- 3.3 s). During a mean follow-up of 52 months, recurrences appeared in six of the 10 usual-care patients (range 0.2-29 months) but in none of the implanted patients (P < 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
This limited trial (1) supports the conclusion that patients with an abnormal ATP test who receive a dual-chamber pacemaker suffer fewer recurrences than those who are monitored only; and (2) consequently further supports the hypothesis that, among vasovagal patients, a cardiac pause of longer than 10 s in patients administered ATP identifies those at high risk of symptomatic vagal cardiac inhibition.
Flammang
D
D
Department of Cardiology, Angoulême General Hospital, 16470 Saint Michel, France.
Antiel
M
M
Church
T
T
Chassing
A
A
Hamani
D
D
Donal
E
E
Waynberger
M
M
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000368:Aged; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D019462:Syncope, Vasovagal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate