Current treatment practice in immunosuppression.
New drugs have recently been added that may eventually replace the two-decade dominance of cyclosporin in solid organ transplantation. This cornerstone of immunosuppression was introduced by Borel [1] and Calne [2] in the mid-70s. In 1989, Starzl et al., after 2 years of preclinical experimentation, introduced tacrolimus (originally designated as FK506 by the Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company of Japan) as a potent immunosuppressant for liver transplants [3]. Also, in recent years, a variety of novel purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitors have been tested for transplantation therapy. The leading agent which appears to be replacing the 35-year position occupied by azathioprine is the semi-synthetic morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), introduced by Allison [4] and Sollinger [5], and developed by the Syntex Corporation (now Roche Pharmaceuticals). Others, affecting different intra- or intercellular messages amplifying immunity, are in the pipeline.
Ciancio
G
G
Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, PO Box 012440, Miami, Fl. 33101, USA. gciancio@med.miami.edu
Burke
G W
GW
Miller
J
J
D000906:Antibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000906:Antibodies; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins