Autologous stem-cell transplantation for Hodgkin's disease: results and prognostic factors in 494 patients from the Grupo Español de Linfomas/Transplante Autólogo de Médula Osea Spanish Cooperative Group.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze clinical outcome and significant prognostic factors for overall (OS) and time to treatment failure (TTF) in a group of 494 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) undergoing autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT).


METHODS
Detailed records from the Grupo Español de Linfomas/Transplante Autólogo de Médula Osea Spanish Cooperative Group Database on 494 HD patients who received an ASCT between January 1984 and May 1998 were reviewed. Two hundred ninety-eight males and 196 females with a median age of 27 years (range, 1 to 63 years) received autografts while in complete remission (n = 203) or when they had sensitive disease (n = 206) or resistant disease (n = 75) at a median time of 26 months (range, 4 to 259 months) after diagnosis. Most patients received high-dose chemotherapy without radiation for conditioning (n = 443). The graft consisted of bone marrow (n = 244) or peripheral blood (n = 250).


RESULTS
The 100-day mortality rate was 9%. The 5-year actuarial TTF and OS rates were 45.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.5% to 50.5%) and 54.5% (95% CI, 48.4% to 60.6%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the presence of active disease at transplantation, transplantation before 1992, and two or more lines of therapy before transplantation were adverse prognostic factors for outcome. Sixteen patients developed a secondary malignancy (5-year cumulative incidence of 4.3%) after transplantation. Adjuvant radiotherapy before transplantation, the use of total-body irradiation (TBI) in the conditioning regimen, and age > or = 40 years were found to be predictive factors for the development of second cancers after ASCT.


CONCLUSIONS
ASCT achieves long-term disease-free survival in HD patients. Disease status before ASCT is the most important prognostic factor for final outcome; thus, transplantation should be considered in early stages of the disease. TBI must be avoided in the conditioning regimen because of a significantly higher rate of late complications, including secondary malignancies.
Sureda
A
A
Clinical Hematolgy Division, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, St Antoni Maria Claret, Barcelona, Spain. asureda@hsp.santpau.es
Arranz
R
R
Iriondo
A
A
Carreras
E
E
Lahuerta
J J
JJ
García-Conde
J
J
Jarque
I
I
Caballero
M D
MD
Ferrà
C
C
López
A
A
García-Laraña
J
J
Cabrera
R
R
Carrera
D
D
Ruiz-Romero
M D
MD
León
A
A
Rifón
J
J
Díaz-Mediavilla
J
J
Mataix
R
R
Morey
M
M
Moraleda
J M
JM
Altés
A
A
López-Guillermo
A
A
de la Serna
J
J
Fernández-Rañada
J M
JM
Sierra
J
J
Conde
E
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome