Understanding cytokines. Part II: Implications for nursing research and practice.
Cytokines are small signaling proteins released from a variety of cells that influence virtually every aspect of growth and development and every host response to infection, injury, and inflammation. Because of their widespread and potent effects across the life span, cytokines without a doubt influence nursing research and practice. From physiological and adaptive effects of cytokines to cytokine-induced diseases, nurses and nursing care are involved. Part II of this review highlights a few of the many examples of cytokines functioning in response to infection and inflammation, during the processes of reproduction, and in a variety of pathophysiological states. Implications for nursing research and practice are emphasized.
School of Nursing and Intercollege Physiology Program, Pennsylvania State University, 307C Health and Human Development East, University Park, PA 16802, USA. ejc8@psu.edu
E J
EJ
Corwin
D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000379:methods*; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000379:methods*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D012803:Sick Role; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing
D016207:Cytokines