Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase modulates phenotypic changes in cultured fibroblasts from human skin with chronic radiotherapy damage.
OBJECTIVE
As we previously observed that bovine liposomal Cu/Zn SOD (LipSOD) reduces cutaneous radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) in human therapeutic assays the mechanisms involved were investigated here by an in vitro study of the LipSOD effects on cellular antioxidant metabolism and regulation of matrix degradation.


METHODS
Primary cultures of human fibroblasts harvested from normal or RIF skin were treated with various doses of LipSOD. Catalase, Cu/Zn and Mn SOD endogenous cell enzyme activities and protein amounts were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting. Gene expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) and TGF-beta1 was investigated by northern blot analysis.


RESULTS
A deficiency of endogenous Mn SOD, considered to favour cell proliferation, was observed in cultured RIF cell. The present study showed that bovine Cu/Zn SOD entered the cells. Exposure to LipSOD (a) enhanced endogenous Mn SOD activity and protein level, without changes of endogenous Cu/Zn SOD and catalase, and (b) significantly reduced TIMP and TGF-beta1 gene expression, in RIF cells. No changes in these parameters were noted in treated control skin fibroblasts.


CONCLUSIONS
Modulation of RIF skin fibroblasts by LipSOD seems effective via indirect endogenous Mn SOD activation, which might explain the cell phenotype reversion observed. TIMP reduction accounts for the elimination of collagenase activity inhibition and the subsequent digestion of excess extracellular matrix deposition, as well as RIF reversibility in vivo. The reduction of TGF-beta1 expression might explain the breaking of maintaining fibrotic cell activation connected with this growth factor.
Delanian
S
S
Département d'Oncologie-Radiothérapie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France.
Martin
M
M
Bravard
A
A
Luccioni
C
C
Lefaix
J L
JL
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005355:Fibrosis; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
D000975:Antioxidants; D008081:Liposomes; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase