Characterization and promoter analysis of the mouse gene for transcription factor Sp4.
Transcription factor Sp4 is a member of the Sp1 family. It functions differently from other members of this family, such as Sp1 and Sp3, and the gene for Sp4 is transcribed in a tissue-specific manner. Recent studies in mice suggest that Sp4 might play an important role in growth, viability, and male fertility. We report here the isolation and characterization of the gene for Sp4 from a mouse genomic library. The mouse gene for Sp4 was about 80 kb in length and it consisted of six exons and five introns. The promoter was found in a CpG island and had a high G+C content. The proximal promoter contained multiple putative binding sites for the transcription factors Sp1 and MAZ but lacked a consensus TATA box. Multiple sites for the initiation of transcription were mapped in a GC-rich region from 286 bp to 211 bp upstream of the ATG triplet at the site of initiation of translation, and all of the sites were either C or G. Transfection experiments and deletion analysis allowed us to localize the promoter to a region that was no more than 93 bp upstream from the first site of initiation of transcription. We also found that ectopic expression of Sp1 and of MAZ, but not of Sp3, suppressed expression of the Sp4 promoter in a dose-dependent manner.
RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Tsukuba Institute, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, 305-0074, Ibaraki, Japan.
J
J
Song
M
M
Mangold
G
G
Suske
C
C
Geltinger
I
I
Kanazawa
K
K
Sun
K K
KK
Yokoyama
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor; D051706:Sp4 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C497121:SP3 protein, human; C497124:SP4 protein, human; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C497122:Sp3 protein, mouse; D051706:Sp4 Transcription Factor; C497125:Sp4 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C076035:c-MYC-associated zinc finger protein; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases