Rapid application fracture fixators - an evaluation of mechanical performance.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluates the mechanical performance of the Pinless and Centrafix fixators for rapid application to tibial fractures in a disaster or battlefield scenario.


METHODS
Comparative study based on measurements made in the laboratory.


BACKGROUND
The Pinless and Centrafix fixators may be considered for rapid application to stabilise fractures in emergency conditions without the aid of electrical equipment such as power drills for bone screw insertion or image intensifiers to facilitate bone alignment.


METHODS
Stiffnesses, maximum service loads and fatigue strengths of the fixators were measured in the orientations of loading that correspond to walking and stretcher-bearing. These properties were compared with measurements on three conventional fixators, the AO, Shearer and Triax.


RESULTS
The Centrafix stiffnesses were 31 N/mm (axial), 1 N/ degrees (torsional shear), 0.4 N/ degrees (coronal plane bending), 4 N/ degrees (sagittal plane bending) and 11 N/mm (transverse shear) and strengths were 95 N (axial) and 1.9 Nm (bending). Corresponding Pinless stiffnesses were 43 N/mm, 0.7 N/ degrees, 0.3 N/ degrees, 8 N/ degrees and 50 N/mm, and strength was 55 N (axial).


CONCLUSIONS
The stiffness and strength of both rapid application fixators in simulated walking was judged to be low, and additionally the stiffness and strength of the Centrafix in simulated stretcher-bearing was judged to be low.


CONCLUSIONS
The Pinless is not recommended for weight-bearing subjects with unstable fractures. The Centrafix is not recommended for stretcher-bearing or weight-bearing with unstable fractures.
Oxford Orthopaedic Engineering Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK. trevor.gardner@ooec.ox.ac.uk
T N
TN
Gardner
H
H
Simpson
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J
Kenwright
D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D016267:External Fixators; D006801:Humans; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000601:surgery*