BRCA2 is required for homology-directed repair of chromosomal breaks.
The BRCA2 tumor suppressor has been implicated in the maintenance of chromosomal stability through a function in DNA repair. In this report, we examine human and mouse cell lines containing different BRCA2 mutations for their ability to repair chromosomal breaks by homologous recombination. Using the I-SceI endonuclease to introduce a double-strand break at a specific chromosomal locus, we find that BRCA2 mutant cell lines are recombination deficient, such that homology-directed repair is reduced 6- to >100-fold, depending on the cell line. Thus, BRCA2 is essential for efficient homology-directed repair, presumably in conjunction with the Rad51 recombinase. We propose that impaired homology-directed repair caused by BRCA2 deficiency leads to chromosomal instability and, possibly, tumorigenesis, through lack of repair or misrepair of DNA damage.
Moynahan
M E
ME
Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Pierce
A J
AJ
Jasin
M
M
D000818:Animals; D024682:BRCA2 Protein; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D019457:Chromosome Breakage / Q000235:genetics*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D018390:Gene Targeting; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000235:genetics; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013234:Stem Cells; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D024682:BRCA2 Protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C495153:RAD51 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; C495154:Rad51 protein, mouse