Effect of prostatic neuropeptides on migration of prostate cancer cell lines.
BACKGROUND
A previous study by the same authors demonstrated that among various neuropeptides in the prostate, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) increased the invasive capacity of PC-3 prostate cancer cells through enhancement of cell motility, while substance P (SP) inhibited the invasiveness through suppression of motile response.


METHODS
The effect of 10 kinds of neuropeptides were investigated, including CGRP, GRP, SP, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin (CT), leucine-enkephalin (L-ENK), methionine-enkephalin (M-ENK), glucagon and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP), on the invasion of DU-145 prostate cancer cells through a reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) and the haptotactic migration of DU-145, TSU-pr1 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells using a Transwell cell culture chamber assay.


RESULTS
It was found that GRP, CGRP and PTH-rP increased the invasive capacity of tumor cells. In contrast, SP, VIP, CT, L-ENK, M-ENK, NPY and glucagon had no significant effect. These three neuropeptides also increased the haptotactic migration of tumor cells to fibronectin. In addition VIP, CGRP and GRP increased the haptotactic migration of LNCaP prostate cancer cells and GRP and PTH-rP increased the migration of TSU-pr1 cells.


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicated that some prostatic neuropeptides increased the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells partially through enhancement of cell motility.
Nagakawa
O
O
Department of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan. nagakawa@ms.toyama-mpu.ac.jp
Ogasawara
M
M
Murata
J
J
Fuse
H
H
Saiki
I
I
D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide