Chemokine receptor expression on T cells in blood and cerebrospinal fluid at relapse and remission of multiple sclerosis: imbalance of Th1/Th2-associated chemokine signaling.
The expression of chemokine receptors on lymphocytes in the blood and CSF of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients was analyzed at relapse and remission. Both CD4+ and CD8+ cells in CSF at relapse were enriched for Th1-type receptors CXCR3 and CCR5 expression, and were reduced for Th2-type receptors CCR3 and CCR4 expression compared with those of the blood. CCR1 and CCR2 expressions on T cells were increased in CSF and blood, respectively. At remission, CCR5 expression, but not CXCR3 expression, was reduced in CSF CD4+ cells. A biased Th1/Th2 balance may play a critical role in active inflammation and CCR5 on CSF CD4+ cells is a good marker of the disease activity.
Misu
T
T
Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
Onodera
H
H
Fujihara
K
K
Matsushima
K
K
Yoshie
O
O
Okita
N
N
Takase
S
S
Itoyama
Y
Y
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012008:Recurrence; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; C515300:CCR1 protein, human; C515334:CCR2 protein, human; C515354:CCR4 protein, human; C515187:CXCR3 protein, human; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine