Tbr1 regulates differentiation of the preplate and layer 6.
During corticogenesis, early-born neurons of the preplate and layer 6 are important for guiding subsequent neuronal migrations and axonal projections. Tbr1 is a putative transcription factor that is highly expressed in glutamatergic early-born cortical neurons. In Tbr1-deficient mice, these early-born neurons had molecular and functional defects. Cajal-Retzius cells expressed decreased levels of Reelin, resulting in a reeler-like cortical migration disorder. Impaired subplate differentiation was associated with ectopic projection of thalamocortical fibers into the basal telencephalon. Layer 6 defects contributed to errors in the thalamocortical, corticothalamic, and callosal projections. These results show that Tbr1 is a common genetic determinant for the differentiation of early-born glutamatergic neocortical neurons and provide insights into the functions of these neurons as regulators of cortical development.
Nina Ireland Laboratory of, Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
R F
RF
Hevner
L
L
Shi
N
N
Justice
Y
Y
Hsueh
M
M
Sheng
S
S
Smiga
A
A
Bulfone
A M
AM
Goffinet
A T
AT
Campagnoni
J L
JL
Rubenstein
D000818:Animals; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D005855:Germ Layers / Q000378:metabolism*; D007763:Lac Operon / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D019579:Neocortex / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins
D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; C492271:Tbr1 protein, mouse; C000717128:Reln protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases