Malformations of cortical development and epilepsy.
Although once thought to be rare, malformations of cortical development are being increasingly recognized as the underlying cause of developmental delay in children and of epilepsy in children and young adults. Advances in neuroimaging and developmental neurobiology have created the tools by which these important malformations have been investigated. Through a symbiotic type of relationship, these investigations, and the search for a better understanding of these malformations, have led to advances in neuroimaging techniques and better understanding of both normal and abnormal brain development. In this review, the most common malformations or cortical development associated with epilepsy are discussed in regard to their clinical manifestations, classification, imaging appearance and basic neurobiology.
UAB Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. rkuzniecky@uabmc.edu
R I
RI
Kuzniecky
A J
AJ
Barkovich
D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*