c-Src is required for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligand-mediated neuronal survival via a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K)-dependent pathway.
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs), consisting of GDNF, neurturin, persephin, and artemin, signal via a multicomponent complex composed of Ret tyrosine kinase and the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored coreceptors GFRalpha1-alpha4. In previous work we have demonstrated that the localization of Ret to membrane microdomains known as lipid rafts is essential for GDNF-induced downstream signaling, differentiation, and neuronal survival. Moreover, we have found that Ret interacts with members of the Src family kinases (SFK) only when it is localized to these microdomains. In the present work we show by pharmacological and genetic approaches that Src activity was necessary to elicit optimal GDNF-mediated signaling, neurite outgrowth, and survival. In particular, p60Src, but not the other ubiquitous SFKs, Fyn and Yes, was responsible for the observed effects. Moreover, Src appeared to promote neuronal survival via a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K)-dependent pathway because the PI-3K inhibitor LY294002 prevented GFL-mediated neuronal survival and prevented activated Src-mediated neuronal survival. In contrast, the inhibition of Src activity had no effects on NGF-mediated survival, indicating that the requirement for Src was selective for GFL-mediated neuronal survival. These data confirm the importance of protein-protein interactions between Ret and raft-associated proteins in the signaling pathways elicited by GDNF, and the data implicate Src as one of the major signaling molecules involved in GDNF-mediated bioactivity.
Grup de Neurobiologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Basiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
M
M
Encinas
M G
MG
Tansey
B A
BA
Tsui-Pierchala
J X
JX
Comella
J
J
Milbrandt
E M
EM
Johnson
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D051575:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D051575:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019061:src-Family Kinases; C494988:Gfra1 protein, mouse; C416649:Ret protein, Drosophila; C494999:Ret protein, mouse; C495001:Ret protein, rat; C494960:Fyn protein, mouse; C494961:Fyn protein, rat; C496639:Yes1 protein, mouse