From p63 to p53 across p73.
Most genes are members of a family. It is generally believed that a gene family derives from an ancestral gene by duplication and divergence. The tumor suppressor p53 was a striking exception to this established rule. However, two new p53 homologs, p63 and p73, have recently been described [1-6]. At the sequence level, p63 and p73 are more similar to each other than each is to p53, suggesting the possibility that the ancestral gene is a gene resembling p63/p73, while p53 is phylogenetically younger [1,2].The complexity of the family has also been enriched by the alternatively spliced forms of p63 and p73, which give rise to a complex network of proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis and development [1,2,4,7-9]. In this review we will mainly focus on similarities and differences as well as relationships among p63, p73 and p53.
Strano
S
S
Molecular Oncologenesis Laboratory, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
Rossi
M
M
Fontemaggi
G
G
Munarriz
E
E
Soddu
S
S
Sacchi
A
A
Blandino
G
G
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D017353:Gene Deletion; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; D015534:Trans-Activators; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
C081876:CKAP4 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D056465:Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1; C115051:TP63 protein, human; C000606460:TP73 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D050680:Transcription Factor DP1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins