Symmetry of priapulids (Priapulida). 1. Symmetry of adults.
Priapulids possess a radial symmetry that is remarkably reflected in both external morphology and internal anatomy. It results in the appearance of 25-radial (a number divisible by five) symmetry summarized as a combination of nonaradial, octaradial, and octaradial (9+8+8) symmetries of scalids. The radial symmetry is a secondary appearance considered as an evolutionary adaptation to a lifestyle within the three-dimensional environment of bottom sediment. The eight anteriormost, or primary, scalids retain their particular position because of their innervation directly from the circumpharyngeal brain. As a result of a combination of the octaradial symmetry of primary scalids, pentaradial symmetry of teeth, and the 25-radial symmetry of scalids, the initial bilateral symmetry remains characterized by the single sagittal plane.
Adrianov
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Institute of Marine Biology, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. inmarbio@mail.primorye.ru
Malakhov
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D000818:Animals; D004447:Echinodermata / Q000033:anatomy & histology*