[Long-term treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension with inhaled iloprost].
BACKGROUND
Continuous intravenous infusion of prostacyclin is an effective treatment for primary pulmonary hypertension. This approach, however, requires the insertion of a permanent central venous catheter with the potential risk of serious complications. Recently, administration of aerosolized iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analogue, has been introduced as an alternative therapy for severe pulmonary hypertension.


METHODS
We evaluated the effects of treatment with aerosolized iloprost over a one-year period on exercise capacity and hemodynamic variables in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.


RESULTS
Twenty-four patients with primary pulmonary hypertension received aerosolized iloprost at a cumulative daily dose of 100 to 150 micrograms for at least one year. The mean (+/- SD) walking distance in the 6-min-walk test increased from 278 +/- 96 meters at base line to 363 +/- 135 meters after 12 months (P < 0.0001). During the same period, the mean pulmonary artery pressure declined from 59 +/- 10 mmHg to 52 +/- 15 mmHg (P = 0.006), the cardiac output increased from 3.8 +/- 1.4 l/min to 4.4 +/- 1.3 l/min (P = 0.02), and the pulmonary vascular resistance declined from 1.205 +/- 467 dynes.s.cm-5 to 925 +/- 469 dynes.s.cm-5 (P = 0.0003). Treatment was generally well tolerated and except for mild coughing, minor headache and jaw pain in some patients, no side effects occurred.


CONCLUSIONS
Long-term treatment with aerosolized iloprost is safe and has sustained effects on exercise capacity and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.
Hoeper
M M
MM
Abteilung Pneumologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. KMHoeper@AOL.com
Schwarze
M
M
Ehlerding
S
S
Adler-Schuermeyer
A
A
Spiekerkoetter
E
E
Niedermeyer
J
J
Hamm
M
M
Fabel
H
H
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016285:Iloprost / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D016285:Iloprost