Programmed cell death in Escherichia coli: some antibiotics can trigger mazEF lethality.
The discovery of toxin-antitoxin gene pairs (also called addiction modules) on extrachromosomal elements of Escherichia coli, and particularly the discovery of homologous modules on the bacterial chromosome, suggest that a potential for programmed cell death may be inherent in bacterial cultures. We have reported on the E. coli mazEF system, a regulatable addiction module located on the bacterial chromosome. MazF is a stable toxin and MazE is a labile antitoxin. Here we show that cell death mediated by the E. coli mazEF module can be triggered by several antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, and spectinomycin) that are general inhibitors of transcription and/or translation. These antibiotics inhibit the continuous expression of the labile antitoxin MazE, and as a result, the stable toxin MazF causes cell death. Our results have implications for the possible mode(s) of action of this group of antibiotics.
Department of Molecular Biology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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B
Sat
R
R
Hazan
T
T
Fisher
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H
Khaner
G
G
Glaser
H
H
Engelberg-Kulka
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000992:Antitoxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003470:Culture Media