Calorie restriction and skeletal mass in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): evidence for an effect mediated through changes in body size.
Little is known regarding the effects of prolonged calorie restriction (CR) on skeletal health. We investigated long-term (11 years) and short-term (12 months) effects of moderate CR on bone mass and biochemical indices of bone metabolism in male rhesus monkeys across a range of ages. A lower bone mass in long-term CR monkeys was accounted for by adjusting for age and body weight differences. A further analysis indicated that lean mass, but not fat mass, was a strong predictor of bone mass in both CR and control monkeys. No effect of short-term CR on bone mass was observed in older monkeys (mean age, 19 years), although young monkeys (4 years) subjected to short-term CR exhibited slower gains in total body bone density and content than age-matched controls. Neither biochemical markers of bone turnover nor hormonal regulators of bone metabolism were affected by long-term CR. Although osteocalcin concentrations were significantly lower in young restricted males after 1 month on 30% CR in the short-term study, they were no longer different from control values by 6 months on 30% CR.
Molecular and Nutritional Physiology Unit, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
A
A
Black
D B
DB
Allison
S A
SA
Shapses
E M
EM
Tilmont
A M
AM
Handy
D K
DK
Ingram
G S
GS
Roth
M A
MA
Lane
D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D001824:Body Constitution; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002149:Energy Intake; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
D015675:Osteocalcin