Transcriptional activation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) by apicidin, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor.
Apicidin [cyclo(N-O-methyl-L-tryptophanyl-L-isoleucinyl-D-pipecolinyl-l-2-amino-8-oxodecanoyl)], a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been identified as an antiprotozoal and antiproliferative agent. In this study, we show apicidin induces transcriptional activation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) (p21) in human prostate carcinoma cells. Apicidin induces expression of p21 protein and mRNA and activation of p21 promoter-luciferase reporter constructs. Apicidin causes an accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 in total cellular chromatin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation shows p21 promoter DNA is associated with hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4 after treatment with apicidin. Therefore, the data here demonstrate that apicidin activates p21 transcription associated with the acetylation of histones H3 and H4.
Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. jskim@mail.nih.gov
J S
JS
Kim
S
S
Lee
T
T
Lee
Y W
YW
Lee
J B
JB
Trepel
D000107:Acetylation / Q000187:drug effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D002843:Chromatin; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C102351:apicidin; D008156:Luciferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases