Cytokine gene-engineered vaccines.
Cytokines modulate immune reactivity and have therefore been used to build cancer vaccines. Experimental vaccination of rodents and humans with cytokine-gene engineered tumor cells, fusion proteins between cytokines and tumor antigens, and their DNA have been shown to induce a significant immune memory, even against poorly immunogenic tumors. This immune memory can prevent tumor growth and cure initial metastases, but is poorly effective against established tumors. To date clinical trials have been confined to patients with advanced tumors; so far they suggest that this approach is safe.
Forni
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G
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Ospedale San Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy. forni@pasteur.sluigi.unito.it
Boggio
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D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic