Altered cellular but not humoral reactions in children with complicated enterovirus 71 infections in Taiwan.
Enterovirus 71 (EV 71) infections have high neurovirulence and fatality. Immune responses were assessed in 78 patients with EV 71 infection. EV 71 meningoencephalitis occurred more frequently in younger children and in boys. C-reactive protein levels were not elevated, although total leukocyte counts were increased in these patients. The CD40-ligand expression on T cells significantly decreased in children with meningoencephalitis (P=.041). Polymorphism of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) at position 49 of exon 1 showed a higher frequency of G/G genotype in patients with EV 71 meningoencephalitis than in those without meningoencephalitis (18/31 vs. 14/47; P=.045) and in control subjects (18/31 vs. 25/93l; P=.007). Specific EV 71 neutralizing antibody titers were detectable but did not differ in children with and without meningoencephalitis in the acute and convalescent stages. Results from this study suggest that younger children with a certain CTLA-4 polymorphism and altered cellular but not humoral response may be linked to EV 71 meningoencephalitis.
Yang
K D
KD
Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Niau-Sung, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan. yangkd@adm.cgmh.org.tw
Yang
M Y
MY
Li
C C
CC
Lin
S F
SF
Chong
M C
MC
Wang
C L
CL
Chen
R F
RF
Lin
T Y
TY
D000069594:Abatacept; D000208:Acute Disease; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013624:Taiwan
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000069594:Abatacept; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002097:C-Reactive Protein