The genomic basis of K(V)3.4 potassium channel mRNA diversity in mice.
K(V)3.4 belongs to the shaw subfamily of shaker-type potassium channels. It conducts fast inactivating, high threshold currents in the central nervous system and in fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers. The corresponding mouse gene, Kcnc4, consists of five exons spanning a region of 20 kb. Approximately 700 bp of regulatory sequence were delineated. It is GC-rich and lacks typical TATA and CAAT motifs. Instead, seven Sp-1 and three E-box elements define putative regulatory sequences. The mouse K(V)3.4 mRNA has a size of 3639 bp, 1120 bp of which are 3' untranslated region. A transcript initiated from an alternative 5'-exon was identified by RACE and verified by genomic analysis. This isoform, designated K(V)3.4d, is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and probably results from alternative promoter usage. It encodes a channel protein with a novel N-terminal cytoplasmic domain. It lacks the conserved sequence motifs encoding the shaw-type tetramerization domain and the 'ball' peptide, which confers fast inactivation properties. Another splice variant, K(V)3.4c, is derived by exon skipping in the C-terminal region and is expressed at similar levels in brain and muscle. These data demonstrate that differential splicing and alternative transcription start sites are utilised to generate a set of K(V)3.4 variants in skeletal muscle and brain, presumably involved in the regulation of excitability.
Vullhorst
D
D
Developmental Biology and Molecular Pathology, W7, University of Bielefeld, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
Jockusch
H
H
Bartsch
J W
JW
D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007438:Introns; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics*; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051670:Shaw Potassium Channels; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
C115399:Kcnc4 protein, mouse; D015221:Potassium Channels; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051670:Shaw Potassium Channels; D004247:DNA