Unbalanced expression of the different subunits of elongation factor 1 in diabetic skeletal muscle.
In studies using subtraction cloning to screen for alterations in mRNA expression in skeletal muscle from humans with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and control subjects, one of the most prominent differences was in the mRNA for elongation factor (EF)-1alpha. With Northern blot analysis, EF-1alpha expression was enhanced by 2- to 6-fold in both Types 1 and 2 human diabetics. In contrast, no changes in expression of EF-1beta or -gamma were noted. We observed similar results in animal models of Type 1 diabetes. EF-1alpha expression, but not EF-1beta or -gamma expression, was also enhanced in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and this effect was reversed by insulin treatment. An increased level of EF-1alpha mRNA was also observed in nonobese diabetic mice. This unbalanced regulation of the expression of the different subunits of EF-1 may contribute to alterations not only in protein synthesis but also in other cellular events observed in the diabetic state.
Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger