Plants steroid hormones, brassinosteroids: current highlights of molecular aspects on their synthesis/metabolism, transport, perception and response.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroids essential for normal growth and development and can be defined as steroids that carry an oxygen moiety at C-3 and additional ones at one or more of the C-2, C-6, C-22 and C-23 carbon atoms. BR biosynthesis and metabolism mutants have been obtained and the corresponding genes cloned. These include genes encoding 5alpha-reductase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, that are similar to enzymes associated with mammalian steroid synthesis. Perception and/or response mutants have also been identified via screening for altered sensitivity to BRs. Some of these mutants have been found to be defective in a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase and in a component of a vacuolar ATPase. This review highlights the recent advances in unraveling BR synthesis/metabolism, transport, perception and response through the analysis of BR mutants.
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Cledwyn Building, University of Wales, Aberystwyth SY23 3DD, U.K. gdb@aber.ac.uk
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Bishop
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Yokota
D001692:Biological Transport; D002775:Cholestadienols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008027:Light; D010840:Phytosterols; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
D002775:Cholestadienols; D010840:Phytosterols; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C003532:brassicasterol