Indirect costs, cost-utility variations and the funding of paediatric cochlear implantation.
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the existence of variations in cost-utility associated with indirect costs in paediatric cochlear implantation; to illustrate the implications of this for purchasing decisions and; to posit a potential solution to anomalies in purchasing that may otherwise result when services are publicly funded.


METHODS
Data was taken from published sources on the cost of implantation, outcomes measured in terms of quality adjusted life years (QALY) and in savings in education costs associated with paediatric cochlear implantation. Cost-utility ratios across education authorities were calculated using a single centre's implantation costs.


RESULTS
Variations in savings across education authorities show that the cost per QALY gain associated with paediatric cochlear implantation can vary between approximately $12,000 and $18,000 assuming an exchange rate of $1.45 = 1 pound sterling for the same implant centre. These variations have the potential to produce situations in which less efficient implant centres are preferred by purchasers over more efficient ones or in which candidates with poorer outcomes are selected for funding over candidates with superior outcomes. It is important that savings associated with education be taken into consideration in evaluations intended to inform purchasing decisions regarding implantation. Equally it is important that potentially anomalous decisions be avoided if evaluations are to remain credible. It is argued that this may be achievable if public funding for implantation is determined at a national level and ring-fenced i.e. devoted exclusively to use in cochlear implantation.
O'Neill
C
C
School of Public Policy, Economics and Law, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK. c.oneill2@ulst.ac.uk
Archbold
S M
SM
O'Donoghue
G M
GM
McAlister
D A
DA
Nikolopoulos
T P
TP
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D003054:Cochlear Implants / Q000191:economics*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004180:Direct Service Costs / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005378:Financial Support; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D006113:United Kingdom