Cytokine response to human liver ischemia-reperfusion injury during hepatectomy: marker of injury or surgical stress?
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory or antiinflammatory cytokine response to ischemia-reperfusion during hepatectomy and to find a useful marker of injury or surgical stress during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion.


METHODS
In 9 patients with liver disease who underwent hepatectomy using the Pringle maneuver, serum cytokines, including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and hyaluronic acid, were measured just prior to vascular occlusion; 5, 10 and 15 min after initial clamping; and 3 min after initial declamping.


RESULTS
The mean concentrations of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase did not significantly differ before and after ischemia-reperfusion during hepatectomy. However, mean concentrations of hyaluronic acid after ischemia-reperfusion were significantly (P < 0.03) higher than before clamping. Although there were no significant differences in the mean concentrations of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-alpha among, before and after ischemia-reperfusion, the mean concentrations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after ischemia-reperfusion and macrophage colony-stimulating factor after reperfusion were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than before clamping.


CONCLUSIONS
Although hepatic parenchymal cell function was maintained after ischemia-reperfusion during hepatectomy, sinusoidal endothelial cell dysfunction was found. Release of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and macrophage colony-stimulating factor after ischemia-reperfusion were also found. These cytokines and hyaluronic acid may be useful indicators in the early phase of human ischemia-reperfusion injury during hepatectomy.
Hanazaki
K
K
Second Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan. hanayan@hsp.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp
Monma
T
T
Hiraguri
M
M
Ohmoto
Y
Y
Kajikawa
S
S
Matsushita
A
A
Nimura
Y
Y
Koide
N
N
Adachi
W
W
Amano
J
J
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase