Supplementation of rats with a lutein mixture preserved with vitamin E reduces tissue phylloquinone and menaquinone-4.
The modulation of tissue concentrations of vitamin K by a lutein supplement preserved with natural vitamin E was studied in Fischer 344 rats. Vitamin K is necessary for blood coagulation and may be essential for tissue and bone health. Weanling male rats were fed the AIN-93G diet (control) or modified AIN-93G diets containing 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 and 4.8 g supplement/100 g diet for 8 weeks. The supplement contained 5% lutein, 0.22% zeaxanthin and 2.2% natural vitamin E as a preservative. Concentrations of trans-phylloquinone in the plasma (nmol/mmol triglycerides) and heart were significantly reduced (P < or = 0.05) in rats fed the supplement. The reductions in trans-phylloquinone in the heart ranged from approximately 20 to 60% of the control. Concentrations of phylloquinone in the liver were significantly lower in the rats fed the supplement at levels > or = 1.2 g/100 g diet than in the control rats. Ratios of cis/trans phylloquinone in liver and heart increased and concentrations of menaquinone-4 in heart decreased as the dietary level of the lutein supplement increased. The results suggest that the lutein supplement affected the absorption, tissue uptake and/or turnover rate of vitamin K. The presence of other components in the supplement confounded the interpretation of the biological effects of lutein alone on vitamin K metabolism.
Office of Nutritional Products, Labeling and Dietary Supplements, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
G V
GV
Mitchell
K K
KK
Cook
M Y
MY
Jenkins
E
E
Grundel
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D006490:Hemostatics; D024482:Vitamin K 2; D014812:Vitamin K; D014810:Vitamin E; C030814:menatetrenone; D010837:Vitamin K 1; D014975:Lutein