Intradiscal pressure together with anthropometric data--a data set for the validation of models.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a database of intradiscal pressure measurements together with anthropometric data as basis for the validation of models that predict spinal loads.


METHODS
Intradiscal pressure was measured in a non-degenerated L4-5 disc of a volunteer. The anthropometric characteristics of this subject were extensively determined.


BACKGROUND
Since it is usually impossible to quantify the load in the spine directly, it is predicted by various biomechanical models. However, they often cannot be validated because of the few in vivo data and missing anthropometric characteristics pertaining to them.


METHODS
A pressure transducer (diameter 1.5 mm) was implanted in the nucleus pulposus of a non-degenerated L4-5 disc of a volunteer. Pressure was determined during exercises while standing, lifting activities, sitting unsupported on a stool or an ergonomic sitting ball, sitting in different postures and others. The anthropometric characteristics were determined using different tools.


RESULTS
Pressure values: relaxed standing 0.5 MPa; standing flexed forward 1.1 MPa; standing extended backward 0.6 MPa; sitting unsupported 0.46 MPa; maximum values during lateral bending 0.6 MPa, during axial rotation 0.7 MPa, lifting a 20 kg weight with a round flexed back 2.3 MPa, with flexed knees 1.7 MPa, close to the body 1.1 MPa; sitting unsupported relaxed 0.45 MPa, actively straightening the back 0.55 MPa, with flexion 0.9 MPa; non-chalant sitting 0.3 MPa and others. Anthropometric characteristics with emphasis on data for the trunk are provided in tables.Conclusions. Intradiscal pressure depends on the kind of preceding activity, posture, external loads and muscle activity.


CONCLUSIONS
The data set can be used to verify a biomechanical model adjusted to the individual characteristics by a comparison of measured and predicted intradiscal pressures.
Wilke
H
H
Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081, Ulm, Germany. hans-joachim.wilke@medizin.uni-ulm.de
Neef
P
P
Hinz
B
B
Seidel
H
H
Claes
L
L
D000886:Anthropometry; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000502:physiology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011312:Pressure; D014160:Transducers, Pressure; D014743:Videotape Recording