Quinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates.
The incidence of human Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli infections has increased markedly in many parts of the world in the last decade as has the number of quinolone-resistant and, to a lesser extent, macrolide-resistant Campylobacter strains causing infections. We review macrolide and quinolone resistance in Campylobacter and track resistance trends in human clinical isolates in relation to use of these agents in food animals. Susceptibility data suggest that erythromycin and other macrolides should remain the drugs of choice in most regions, with systematic surveillance and control measures maintained, but fluoroquinolones may now be of limited use in the empiric treatment of Campylobacter infections in many regions.
Department of Gastrointestinal Infections, Division of Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. eng@ssi.dk
J
J
Engberg
F M
FM
Aarestrup
D E
DE
Taylor
P
P
Gerner-Smidt
I
I
Nachamkin
D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017000:Campylobacter coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000187:drug effects*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D018942:Macrolides; D013997:Time Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D018942:Macrolides