Preferential localization of effector memory cells in nonlymphoid tissue.
Many intracellular pathogens infect a broad range of host tissues, but the importance of T cells for immunity in these sites is unclear because most of our understanding of antimicrobial T cell responses comes from analyses of lymphoid tissue. Here, we show that in response to viral or bacterial infection, antigen-specific CD8 T cells migrated to nonlymphoid tissues and were present as long-lived memory cells. Strikingly, CD8 memory T cells isolated from nonlymphoid tissues exhibited effector levels of lytic activity directly ex vivo, in contrast to their splenic counterparts. These results point to the existence of a population of extralymphoid effector memory T cells poised for immediate response to infection.
Division of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006183:H-2 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology*; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000276:immunology
D006183:H-2 Antigens; C032876:H-2Kb protein, mouse; D010047:Ovalbumin