Glycosylation of nucleocytoplasmic proteins: signal transduction and O-GlcNAc.
The dynamic glycosylation of serine or threonine residues on nuclear and cytosolic proteins by O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is abundant in all multicellular eukaryotes. On several proteins, O-GlcNAc and O-phosphate alternatively occupy the same or adjacent sites, leading to the hypothesis that one function of this saccharide is to transiently block phosphorylation. The diversity of proteins modified by O-GlcNAc implies its importance in many basic cellular and disease processes. Here we systematically examine the current data implicating O-GlcNAc as a regulatory modification important to signal transduction cascades.
Wells
L
L
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Vosseller
K
K
Hart
G W
GW
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D006023:Glycoproteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C063057:UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-peptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; D005947:Glucose; D000117:Acetylglucosamine