Traumatic posterior dislocation of hip in children.
Traumatic posterior dislocation of the hip joint in children is an uncommon injury. It constitutes a true orthopedic emergency. It makes up over 80% of pediatric hip dislocations. In children, it can occur as a result of minimal trauma, which is attributed to a soft pliable acetabulum and ligamentous laxity. In skeletally mature adolescents, a greater force is required to dislocate the hip joint. Delay in reduction is associated with long-term complications such as avascular necrosis and degenerative arthritis. Avascular necrosis is related to the duration of dislocation. A poorer prognosis is associated with delay in reduction beyond 6 hours, advanced skeletal maturity, or multiple traumas. Prompt reduction minimizes complications. We report two cases of traumatic posterior dislocation of hip in children aged 3 and 14 years. Both were reduced within 6 hours of dislocation, and review at 6 months revealed normal examination and no evidence of any post-traumatic changes. Post-reduction treatment remains without a consensus. This review highlights the clinical presentation, management, and time-sensitive complications of the injury.
Kutty
S
S
Department of Orthopedics, University College Hospital Galway, Republic of Ireland. kuttys@indigo.ie
Thornes
B
B
Curtin
W A
WA
Gilmore
M F
MF
D000293:Adolescent; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006617:Hip Dislocation / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D025981:Hip Injuries; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic / Q000379:methods; D018579:Patient Selection; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013165:Splints; D014143:Traction; D016896:Treatment Outcome