Identification and characterization of a novel nuclear factor of activated T-cells-1 isoform expressed in mouse brain.
The nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family transcription factors play a key role in the control of cytokine gene expression in T-cells. Although initially identified in T-cells, recent data have unveiled unanticipated roles for NFATs in the development, proliferation, and differentiation of other tissues. Here we report the identification, cDNA cloning, and functional characterization of a new isoform of NFAT1 highly expressed in mouse brain. This isoform, which we named NFAT1-D, is identical to NFAT1 throughout the N-terminal regulatory domain and the portion of the Rel domain which includes the minimal region required for specific binding to DNA and interaction with AP-1. The homology stops sharply upstream of the 3'-boundary of the Rel homology domain and is followed by a short unique C-terminal region. NFAT1-D was expressed at high levels in all brain districts and was found as a constitutively active transcription complex. Transfection of a NFAT/luciferase reporter in the neuronal cell line PC12, which also expresses NFAT1-D, showed that these cells expressed a constitutive NFAT activity that was enhanced after nerve growth factor-induced differentiation but was resistant to the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A. NFAT1-D was, however, inducibly activated in a cyclosporin A-sensitive manner when expressed in T-cells, suggesting that the activity of NFAT proteins might be controlled by their specific cellular context.
Plyte
S
S
Departments of Evolutionary Biology and Molecular Biology, University of Siena, Italy.
Boncristiano
M
M
Fattori
E
E
Galvagni
F
F
Paccani
S R
SR
Majolini
M B
MB
Oliviero
S
S
Ciliberto
G
G
Telford
J L
JL
Baldari
C T
CT
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000737:chemistry; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
D017252:CD3 Complex; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; C494006:NFATC2 protein, human; C494007:Nfatc2 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016572:Cyclosporine; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D008156:Luciferases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase