A novel polymorphism in the promoter of the RAGE gene is associated with non-small cell lung cancer.
The receptor for advanced glycosylation endproducts (RAGE) is abundant at both the transcriptional and translational level in normal lung but is not expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In order to determine whether sequence variations might be responsible for the inactivation of RAGE in NSCLC, we investigated the RAGE gene in primary NSCLCs and in the corresponding normal tissues of nine patients. Although sequence analysis revealed no somatic, tumor-associated mutations, six novel sequence variants were identified: T-->A in the promoter region 388 bp upstream of the start codon: T-->A in exon 1 (Ala2Ala), C-->G in exon 3 (Val89Val), C-->T in intron 6, G-->C and C-->G in exon 10 (Arg365Ser and Arg369Gly). In addition, we detected a 63 bp deletion in the promoter region (358-421 bp upstream of the start codon) in one NSCLC patient. The T-->A transversion in the promoter region was detected in three of nine patients. Further analysis of this polymorphic locus in 54 NSCLC patients and 59 non-cancer controls revealed a significant difference in the genotype distribution between NSCLC patients and controls. Interestingly, the AA genotype was more common in NSCLC patients (20.8%) than in controls (3.5%). The cumulative occurrence of the AA variant in NSCLC suggests that this genotype is a putative risk factor for NSCLC development.
Schenk
S
S
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research, University Hospital Basel, Schanzenstrasse 46, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. susanne.schenk@unibas.ch
Schraml
P
P
Bendik
I
I
Ludwig
C U
CU
D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*
D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic