A new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant form from Tanzania.
It is becoming increasingly important to identify and to study human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) with evidence of epidemic spread, since mosaic strains arise frequently, especially in populations where multiple subtypes cocirculate. We describe the almost complete nucleotide sequence of 3 subtype C and D recombinant viruses, selected from a pool of 13 D(gag)-D/C/D(env) perinatally infected infants from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. All three genomes had cross-over points with approximately the same genomic localization. The subtype C-like sequences were located within pol, vif, vpr, vpu, the first exons of rev and tat, V3, and the U3-R regions of the LTR. Phylogenetic analyses of the full-length genomic sequences from these viruses showed the formation of a distinct subcluster on the HIV-1 subtype D branch. The pattern of recombination of genomes belonging to this new CRF, named CRF10_CD, might have resulted from independent recombination events occurring at high frequency or from a single source that originated earlier in this population. Future surveys will be needed to determine the potential of this CRF for epidemic spread.
Harvard AIDS Institute and Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
I N
IN
Koulinska
T
T
Ndung'u
D
D
Mwakagile
G
G
Msamanga
C
C
Kagoma
W
W
Fawzi
M
M
Essex
B
B
Renjifo
D016384:Consensus Sequence; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000151:congenital / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013636:Tanzania