Astrocytes contribute to neuronal impairment in beta A toxicity increasing apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons.
Astrocytosis is a common feature of amyloid plaques, the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), along with activated microglia, neurofibrillary tangles, and beta-amyloid (beta A) deposition. However, the relationship between astrocytosis and neurodegeneration remains unclear. To assess whether beta A-stimulated astrocytes can damage neurons and contribute to beta A neurotoxicity, we studied the effects of beta A treatment in astrocytic/neuronal co-cultures, obtained from rat embryonic brain tissue. We found that in neuronal cultures conditioned by beta A-treated astrocytes, but not directly in contact with beta A, the number of apoptotic cells increased, doubling the values of controls. In astrocytes, beta A did not cause astrocytic cell death, nor did produce changes in nitric oxide or prostaglandin E(2) levels. In contrast, S-100 beta expression was remarkably increased. Our data show for the first time that beta A--astrocytic interaction produces a detrimental effect on neurons, which may contribute to neurodegeneration in AD.
Malchiodi-Albedi
F
F
Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. malchiod@iss.it
Domenici
M R
MR
Paradisi
S
S
Bernardo
A
A
Ajmone-Cat
M A
MA
Minghetti
L
L
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides