Analysis of the molecules involved in human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 entry by a vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotype bearing its envelope glycoproteins.
Cellular entry of human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was studied by a quantitative assay system using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes in which a recombinant VSV (VSVDeltaG*) containing the gene for green fluorescent protein instead of the VSV G protein gene was complemented with viral envelope glycoproteins in trans. Most of the cell lines tested showed susceptibility to VSVDeltaG* complemented with either HTLV-1 envelope glycoproteins (VSVDeltaG*-Env) or VSV G protein (VSVDeltaG*-G), but not to VSVDeltaG* alone, indicating that cell-free HTLV-1 could infect many cell types from several species. High concentration pronase treatment of cells reduced their susceptibility to VSVDeltaG*-Env, while trypsin treatment, apparently, did not. Treatment of the cells with sodium periodate, heparinase, heparitinase, phospholipase A2 or phospholipase C reduced the susceptibility of cells to VSVDeltaG*-Env, but not to VSVDeltaG* complemented with measles virus (Edmonston strain) H and F proteins (VSVDeltaG*-EdHF), which was used as a control. Purified phosphatidylcholine also inhibited the infectivity of VSVDeltaG*-Env, but not VSVDeltaG*-G. These findings indicated that, in addition to cell surface proteins, glycosaminoglycans and phospholipids play an important role in the process of cell-free HTLV-1 entry.
Okuma
Kazu
K
Department of Virology1 and Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science2, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
Matsuura
Yoshiharu
Y
Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan3.
Tatsuo
Hironobu
H
Department of Virology1 and Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science2, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
Inagaki
Yoshio
Y
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 113-0034, Tokyo, Japan4.
Nakamura
Minoru
M
Department of Virology1 and Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science2, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
Yamamoto
Naoki
N
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 113-0034, Tokyo, Japan4.
Yanagi
Yusuke
Y
Department of Virology1 and Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science2, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000502:physiology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000502:physiology; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000502:physiology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D010743:Phospholipids; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins