Glutathione S-transferase mu modulates the stress-activated signals by suppressing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1.
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that can activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase and the p38 signaling pathways. It plays a critical role in cytokine- and stress-induced apoptosis. To further characterize the mechanism of the regulation of the ASK1 signal, we searched for ASK1-interacting proteins employing the yeast two-hybrid method. The yeast two-hybrid assay indicated that mouse glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-1 (mGSTM1-1), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics, interacted with ASK1. We subsequently confirmed that mGSTM1-1 physically associated with ASK1 both in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro binding assay indicated that the C-terminal portion of mGSTM1-1 and the N-terminal region of ASK1 were crucial for binding one another. Furthermore, mGSTM1-1 suppressed stress-stimulated ASK1 activity in cultured cells. mGSTM1-1 also blocked ASK1 oligomerization. The ASK1 inhibition by mGSTM1-1 occurred independently of the glutathione-conjugating activity of mGSTM1-1. Moreover, mGSTM1-1 repressed ASK1-dependent apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our findings suggest that mGSTM1-1 functions as an endogenous inhibitor of ASK1. This highlights a novel function for mGSTM1-1 insofar as mGSTM1-1 may modulate stress-mediated signals by repressing ASK1, and this activity occurs independently of its well-known catalytic activity in intracellular glutathione metabolism.
Cho
S G
SG
National Creative Research Initiative Center for Cell Death, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
Lee
Y H
YH
Park
H S
HS
Ryoo
K
K
Kang
K W
KW
Park
J
J
Eom
S J
SJ
Kim
M J
MJ
Chang
T S
TS
Choi
S Y
SY
Shim
J
J
Kim
Y
Y
Dong
M S
MS
Lee
M J
MJ
Kim
S G
SG
Ichijo
H
H
Choi
E J
EJ
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D007527:Isoenzymes; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D008156:Luciferases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C482859:Map3k5 protein, mouse