A comparison of isosorbide mononitrate, misoprostol and combination therapy for first trimester pre-operative cervical ripening: a randomised controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a combined therapy with isosorbide mononitrate (40mg) and misoprostol (400 microg) for pre-operative cervical ripening in the first trimester would result in improved clinical effectiveness, and fewer side effects compared with each agent used alone.


METHODS
Randomised controlled trial.


METHODS
Glasgow Royal Infirmary.


METHODS
Sixty-six primigravid women scheduled for suction termination of pregnancy.


METHODS
Women were randomly assigned to receive before surgery, per vaginam, isosorbide mononitrate 40 mg (n = 22), misoprostol 400 microg (n = 22) or both agents together [isosorbide mononitrate 40 mg and misoprostol 400 microg] (n = 22).


METHODS
1. To assess the cumulative force required to dilate the cervix to 8 mm; 2. the onset of new symptoms before termination of pregnancy.


RESULTS
The cervical resistance following combination therapy with isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol was not significantly different than following misoprostol alone [24.5N vs 18.5N; median difference (95% CI) 19N (-22 to 49)]. Pre-treatment with misoprostol used alone resulted in a lower cervical resistance than isosorbide mononitrate alone (18.5N vs 39N, P = 0.04, Mann-Whitney U test). There was no difference in the number of women remaining asymptomatic following either isosorbide mononitrate or misoprostol or combination therapy [14/22 (64%) vs 11/21 (52%) vs 11/22 (50%), Fisher's exact test].


CONCLUSIONS
We have not shown any advantage of combining misoprostol with the nitric oxide donor isosorbide mononitrate compared with misoprostol alone for pre-operative cervical ripening in the first trimester.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK.
M A
MA
Ledingham
A J
AJ
Thomson
C B
CB
Lunan
I A
IA
Greer
J E
JE
Norman
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D020070:Cervical Ripening / Q000187:drug effects*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D016595:Misoprostol; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; C030397:isosorbide-5-mononitrate