Histomorphometric comparison of implant anchorage for two types of dental implants after 3 and 6 months' healing in baboon jaws.
BACKGROUND
A complete understanding of dental implant prognosis requires better knowledge of the bone anatomy after implant healing. Such baseline data are necessary to compare against load-induced changes in anatomy.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to describe and compare measures of implant support (percentage [%] integration and percentage [%] bone area) for various implants in baboon jaws after healing times of 3 and 6 months.


METHODS
Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and titanium alloy (Ti-alloy) screw-shaped implants were placed in the posterior jaws of 9 female baboons after 2 months of postextraction healing. Specimens were harvested after 3 months (5 baboons: 8 cpTi, 7 Ti-alloy) and after 6 months (4 baboons: 8 cpTi, 8 Ti-alloy). Each implant provided 6 polished horizontal sections for data collection, which was accomplished from digitized images with the IMAGE analysis system (reliability at 1.6%). Three- and six-month data for each parameter were compared with the use of ANOVA (P<.01).


RESULTS
The results revealed a significant increase in the % integration (cpTi 39.1 to 56.2; Ti-alloy 40.0 to 55.2) and the % bone area (cpTi 38.8 to 47.9; Ti-alloy 38.9 to 49.2) from 3 to 6 months for both implants. This significant increase was also true for comparisons by jaw for each implant material (P<.01 for overall and by jaw comparisons).


CONCLUSIONS
A time-dependent increase in jawbone anchorage was measured in this nonhuman primate population, and it was shown that the 6-month maxillary data were comparable to the 3-month mandibular data. These results lend support to the clinical strategy of waiting longer to load implants in the maxilla.
Carr
A B
AB
Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA. Carr.Alan@mayo.edu
Larsen
P E
PE
Gerard
D A
DA
D000497:Alloys; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000145:classification; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007568:Jaw / Q000473:pathology*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D016348:Osseointegration; D010215:Papio; D014025:Titanium; D014945:Wound Healing
D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium