Themes and variations on ubiquitylation.
Ubiquitylation--the conjugation of proteins with a small protein called ubiquitin--touches upon all aspects of eukaryotic biology, and its defective regulation is manifest in diseases that range from developmental abnormalities and autoimmunity to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. A few years ago, we could only have dreamt of the complex arsenal of enzymes dedicated to ubiquitylation. Why has nature come up with so many ways of doing what seems to be such a simple job?
Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1152, USA. amw@nih.gov
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D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; C079437:UBE2L3 protein, human; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D008025:Ligases; C067419:CBL protein, human