The predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor and nm23 for the diagnosis of occult metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.
We assessed the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nm23 expression with occult micrometastasis in lung cancer. As destination sites for micrometastasis, we scrutinized lymph node (LN) and bone marrow (BM) specimens. For LN, 122 stage I patients who had received curative operations were studied. As regards BM, 203 patients in stage I - IV who underwent operations were registered. Immunohistochemical anti-cytokeratin staining was used to detect microdissemination of cancer cells. The VEGF and the nm23 expression at the primary sites were immunohistochemically studied in 285 cases in total. The percentages of the patients with microdissemination were 28.7% for LN and 42.4% for BM. The outcome for the patients with LN or BM microdissemination was significantly worse than that for patients without it. The increased VEGF and the decreased nm23 expression within primary tumors were significantly associated with LN and BM microdissemination. The results indicate possible value of using these biological markers to predict the risk of systemic micrometastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.
Department of Surgery I, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan. yohta@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Y
Y
Ohta
Z
Z
Nozaki
H
H
Nozawa
T
T
Kamesui
Y
Y
Tsunezuka
M
M
Oda
G
G
Watanabe
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000473:pathology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000473:pathology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D007633:Keratins; C517938:NME1 protein, human; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins