Initial remission-inducing effect of very low-dose cyclosporin monotherapy for minimal-change nephrotic syndrome in Japanese adults.
OBJECTIVE
Cyclosporin A (CsA) in combination with corticosteroids can be used effectively in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. However, reports documenting the effectiveness ofCsA monotherapy against such a condition have been scarce. In 11 adults with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, we have tried very low-dose CsA in the hope of inducing remission without using either corticosteroid or any other immunosuppressive drugs.


METHODS
Indications for treatment included steroid-sensitive relapsing nephrotic syndrome (7 patients) and first-episode nephrotic syndrome (4 patients). In all patients, corticosteroid and cytotoxic agents had not been given before entry. CsA was administered orally at an initial dose of 2.4 (range 1.5 - 3.1) mg/kg per day.


RESULTS
Analysis of the clinical course revealed that 8 of 11 patients entered complete remission after a mean duration of 44 +/- 31 days, whereas 3 patients failed to enter remission to CsA alone, resulting in complete remission combined with methylprednisolone pulse therapy without conventional oral prednisolone. CsA dosages and trough levels between responders and non-responders were similar. Non-responders had much higher levels of serum total cholesterol and higher daily urinary excretion of protein than those of responders, respectively. No patients had significant decrease in creatinine clearance, development of hypertension or suffered from other CsA associated serious side-effects.


CONCLUSIONS
The present data suggest that CsA monotherapy at a very low dose could induce complete remission in adult patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. Conversely, severe hypercholesterolemia would be likely to inhibit the action of CsA against nephrotic conditions.
Matsumoto
H
H
Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Japan.
Nakao
T
T
Okada
T
T
Nagaoka
Y
Y
Shino
T
T
Yoshino
M
M
Hidaka
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine