Maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels: an Istanbul study.
Current mean lead concentrations in umbilical cords and in maternal blood in Istanbul were 1.69 +/- 0.91 (standard deviation) microg/dl and 2.37 +/- 0.89 microg/dl, respectively. These levels were much lower than values reported in previous years. Umbilical cord blood lead levels, which correlated significantly with mothers' blood lead levels, were approximately 70% of the latter. The drastic decrease in blood lead levels likely reflects the reduction in use of tetraalkyl lead in gasoline subsequent to 1989.
Furman
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A
Institute of Environmental Sciences Boğaziçi University Istanbyl, Turkey.
Laleli
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M
D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013756:Tetraethyl Lead / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis
D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; C009557:tetraalkyl lead; D013756:Tetraethyl Lead; D007854:Lead