Comparison of effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors AG957, AG490, and STI571 on BCR-ABL--expressing cells, demonstrating synergy between AG490 and STI571.
STI571 (formerly CGP57148) and AG957 are small molecule inhibitors of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) p145(abl) and its oncogenic derivative p210(bcr-abl). AG490 is an inhibitor of the PTK Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). No direct comparison of these inhibitors has previously been reported, so this study compared their effects on factor-dependent FDC-P1, 32D, and MO7e cells and their p210(bcr-abl)-expressing factor-independent derivatives. STI571 was a more potent inhibitor of (3)H-thymidine incorporation in p210(bcr-abl)-expressing cells than was AG957, and it showed superior discrimination between inhibitory effects on parental cell lines and effects on their p210(bcr-abl)-expressing derivatives. Assays performed with and without growth factor demonstrated that STI571 but not AG957 reversed the p210(bcr-abl)-driven factor independence of cell lines. p210(bcr-abl)-expressing cells were less sensitive to AG490 than to AG957 or STI571. However, for p210(bcr-abl)-expressing clones from all 3 cell lines, synergistic inhibition was demonstrated between STI571 and concentrations of AG490 with no independent inhibitory effect. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis with AG957 treatment was associated with reduced cell numbers, reduced viability, and small pyknotic apoptotic cells. At concentrations of STI571 that reversed the p210(bcr-abl) factor-independent phenotype, STI571 treatment and growth factor deprivation together were sufficient to induce apoptosis. This study concludes that, for the cell lines studied, (1) STI571 is a more potent and more selective inhibitor of a p210(bcr-abl)-dependent phenotype than AG957; (2) AG490 synergizes with STI571 to enhance its inhibitory effect on p210(bcr-abl)-driven proliferation; and (3) the combination of p210(bcr-abl)-tyrosine kinase inhibition and growth factor signal withdrawal can be sufficient to induce apoptotic death of transformed cells. (Blood. 2001;97:2008-2015)
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Cytokine Biology Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne Tumor Biology Branch, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
Layton
J E
JE
Elefanty
A
A
Lieschke
G J
GJ
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001549:Benzamides; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D020014:K562 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D007938:Leukemia / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010879:Piperazines; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020032:Tyrphostins; C095512:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide; C104965:tyrphostin AG957; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; D053614:Janus Kinase 2