Addition of milk does not affect the absorption of flavonols from tea in man.
Tea is a major source of flavonols, a subclass of antioxidant flavonoids present in plant foods which potentially are beneficial to human health. Milk added to tea, a frequent habit in the United Kingdom, could inhibit absorption of tea flavonoids, because proteins can bind flavonoids effectively. Eighteen healthy volunteers each consumed two out of four supplements during three days: black tea, black tea with milk, green tea and water. A cup of the supplement was consumed every 2 hours each day for a total of 8 cups a day. The supplements provided about 100 micromol quercetin glycosides and about 60 - 70 micromol kaempferol glycosides. Addition of milk to black tea (15 ml milk to 135 ml tea) did not change the area under the curve of the plasma concentration-time curve of quercetin or kaempferol. Plasma concentrations reached were about 50 nM quercetin and 30 - 45 nM kaempferol. We conclude that flavonols are absorbed from tea and that their bioavailability is not affected by addition of milk.
Hollman
P C
PC
State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products (RIKILT) Bornsesteeg 45; 6708 PD, Wageningen; The Netherlands. p.c.h.hollman@rikilt.wag-ur.nl
Van Het Hof
K H
KH
Tijburg
L B
LB
Katan
M B
MB
D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D044948:Flavonols; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008892:Milk; D011794:Quercetin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*
D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D013662:Tea; D011794:Quercetin