Cell volume kinetics of adherent epithelial cells measured by laser scanning reflection microscopy: determination of water permeability changes of renal principal cells.
The water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2), a key component of the antidiuretic machinery in the kidney, is rapidly regulated by the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. The hormone exerts its action by inducing a translocation of AQP2 from intracellular vesicles to the cell membrane. This step requires the elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP. We describe here a new method, laser scanning reflection microscopy (LSRM), suitable for determining cellular osmotic water permeability coefficient changes in primary cultured inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. The recording of vertical-reflection-mode x-z-scan section areas of unstained, living IMCD cells proved useful and valid for the investigation of osmotic water permeability changes. The time-dependent increases of reflection-mode x-z-scan section areas of swelling cells were fitted to a single-exponential equation. The analysis of the time constants of these processes indicates a twofold increase in osmotic water permeability of IMCD cells after treatment of the cells both with forskolin, a cyclic AMP-elevating agent, and with Clostridium difficile toxin B, an inhibitor of Rho proteins that leads to depolymerization of F-actin-containing stress fibers. This indicates that both agents lead to the functional insertion of AQP2 into the cell membrane. Thus, we have established a new functional assay for the study of the regulation of the water permeability at the cellular level.
Maric
K
K
Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, D-10315 Berlin, Germany. maric@fmp-berlin.de
Wiesner
B
B
Lorenz
D
D
Klussmann
E
E
Betz
T
T
Rosenthal
W
W
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology*; D007700:Kinetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009995:Osmosis; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
D000199:Actins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; C031815:toxB protein, Clostridium difficile; D014867:Water; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP