The community reinforcement approach to the treatment of substance use disorders.
Empirical support is presented for the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA), a broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioral treatment for substance use disorders. At the core of CRA is the belief that an individual's environment can play a powerful role in encouraging or discouraging drinking and drug use. Consequently, it attempts to rearrange contingencies so that sober behavior is more rewarding than substance-abusing behavior. Originally tested in the early 1970s with a small sample of alcohol-dependent inpatients, it has repeatedly proven to be successful over the years with larger, diverse populations. Empirical backing is also presented for a new variant of CRA that works through family members to engage treatment-resistant individuals into substance abuse treatment.
Smith
J E
JE
Psychology Department, Logan Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131. anellen@unm.edu
Meyers
R J
RJ
Miller
W R
WR
D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005196:Family Therapy; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*
D013287:Illicit Drugs