SCF/c-kit signaling is required for cyclic regeneration of the hair pigmentation unit.
Hair graying, an age-associated process of unknown etiology, is characterized by a reduced number and activity of hair follicle (HF) melanocytes. Stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c-kit are important for melanocyte survival during development, and mutations in these genes result in unpigmented hairs. Here we show that during cyclic HF regeneration in C57BL/6 mice, proliferating, differentiating, and melanin-producing melanocytes express c-kit, whereas presumptive melanocyte precursors do not. SCF overexpression in HF epithelium significantly increases the number and proliferative activity of melanocytes. During the induced hair cycle in C57BL/6 mice, administration of anti-c-kit antibody dose-dependently decreases hair pigmentation and leads to partially depigmented (gray) or fully depigmented (white) hairs, associated with significant decreases in melanocyte proliferation and differentiation, as determined by immunostaining and confocal microscopy. However, in the next hair cycle, the previously treated animals grow fully pigmented hairs with the normal number and distribution of melanocytes. This suggests that melanocyte stem cells are not dependent on SCF/c-kit and when appropriately stimulated can generate melanogenically active melanocytes. Therefore, the blockade of c-kit signaling offers a fully reversible model for hair depigmentation, which might be used for the studies of hair pigmentation disorders.
Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
N V
NV
Botchkareva
M
M
Khlgatian
B J
BJ
Longley
V A
VA
Botchkarev
B A
BA
Gilchrest
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006200:Hair Color / Q000502:physiology*; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000378:metabolism*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C489799:TYRP1 protein, human; C079621:Tyrp1 protein, mouse; C064056:tyrosinase-related protein-1; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit