Interactions between monoamines, glutamate, and GABA in schizophrenia: new evidence.
In spite of its proven heuristic value, the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia is now yielding to a multifactorial view, in which the other monoamines as well as glutamate and GABA are included, with a focus on neurotransmitter interactions in complex neurocircuits. The primary lesion(s) in schizophrenia does not necessarily involve any of these neurotransmitters directly but could deal with a more general defect, such as a faulty connectivity of developmental origin. Nevertheless, a precise identification of neurotransmitter aberrations in schizophrenia will probably provide clues for a better understanding of the disease and for the development of new treatment and prevention strategies.
Carlsson
A
A
Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden. arvid.carlsson@pharm.gu.se
Waters
N
N
Holm-Waters
S
S
Tedroff
J
J
Nilsson
M
M
Carlsson
M L
ML
D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000502:physiology*; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D004298:Dopamine