Rfg1, a protein related to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae hypoxic regulator Rox1, controls filamentous growth and virulence in Candida albicans.
Candida albicans, the major fungal pathogen in humans, can undergo a reversible transition from ellipsoidal single cells (blastospores) to filaments composed of elongated cells attached end to end. This transition is thought to allow for rapid colonization of host tissues, facilitating the spread of infection. Here, we report the identification of Rfg1, a transcriptional regulator that controls filamentous growth of C. albicans in an environment-dependent manner. Rfg1 is important for virulence of C. albicans in a mouse model and is shown to control a number of genes that have been implicated in this process. The closest relative to Rfg1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Rox1, a key repressor of hypoxic genes. However, Rfg1 does not appear to play a role in the regulation of hypoxic genes in C. albicans. These results demonstrate that a regulatory protein that controls the hypoxic response in S. cerevisiae controls filamentous growth and virulence in C. albicans. The observations described in this paper raise new and intriguing questions about the evolutionary relationship between these processes.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
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D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D014774:Virulence / Q000502:physiology
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C423363:RFG1 protein, Candida albicans; C083348:ROX1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors