Assessment of the cytotoxic and clastogenic activities of the sesquiterpene lactone lynchnopholide in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo.
Lychnopholide (LNP), a sesquiterpene lactone with antitumor, trypanocidal, and antimicrobial activities, was isolated from Vanillosmopsis erythropappa. The present study was carried out to assess the cytotoxic and clastogenic potential of this new agent in human cultured lymphocytes and Swiss bone marrow cells before the agent was used in medicine. The mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and proliferation index were investigated. There was no alteration in the number of CAs and SCEs in the continuous in vitro treatment. However, the highest concentration (0.2 microg/ml) of LNP was cytotoxic. LNP (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 microg/ml) induced a significant increase in CA frequency at the G2 phase in all treated cultures. Only the highest concentration (26.67 mg/kg) caused a significant increase in the total number of CAs in the in vivo investigation. On the basis of these results, LNP had a clastogenic effect on both test systems and a cytotoxic effect in vitro.
Canalle
R
R
Department of Medicine, São Paulo University, Brazil.
Burim
R V
RV
Callegari Lopes
J L
JL
Takahashi
C S
CS
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007783:Lactones; D009153:Mutagens; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C427603:lychnopholide