Is the clinical expression of late-life depression influenced by brain changes? MRI subcortical neuroanatomical correlates of depressive symptoms.
BACKGROUND
"Vascular depression" has recently been proposed. It is characterized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted subcortical lesions, a late onset of first episode of depression, and reduced heritability; a cerebrovascular etiology is suggested. The validity of "vascular depression" might be strengthened if an association was found between the subcortical lesions used to define it and particular depressive symptoms.


METHODS
A blinded cross-sectional examination of DSM-III-R depressive symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) and MRI T2-weighted subcortical lesions in 44 patients with late-life depression.


RESULTS
Many associations were found; however, because of multiple comparisons, their significance is viewed with caution. The most robust finding was that psychomotor retardation was independently related to total white-matter score. The odds of showing psychomotor retardation was increased 1.9 times for every point increase in severity of white-matter change.


CONCLUSIONS
In late-life depression the clinical expression of the depression is influenced by the pattern of MRI T2-weighted subcortical lesions. This gives some validity to the concept of an MRI-defined "vascular" subtype of late-life depression and strengthens the argument for including neuroimaging in the classification of late-life depression.
Simpson
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S
University Department of Old Age Psychiatry in South Manchester, Withington Hospital, West Didsbury, UK. SSinDorset@aol.com
Baldwin
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RC
Jackson
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Burns
A
A
Thomas
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P
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D012720:Severity of Illness Index