Moderate dietary fat consumption as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in a population with a low fat intake: a case-control study in Korean men.
BACKGROUND
Dietary fat intake is associated with the incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Western countries. In populations in which both the average dietary fat consumption and the incidence of IHD are lower than in Western countries, the association of dietary fat intake with IHD incidence remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
We conducted a case-control study to examine the association of dietary fat with IHD incidence in Korean men.


METHODS
The case group consisted of 108 patients with electrocardiogram-confirmed myocardial infarction or angiographically confirmed (> or =50% stenosis) IHD who were admitted to a university teaching hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The controls were 142 age-matched patients admitted to the departments of ophthalmology and orthopedic surgery at the same hospital. Dietary fat intake was assessed by a nutritionist using a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI), cigarette use, alcohol intake, exercise, and history of disease were determined during an interview and examination.


RESULTS
In a univariate analysis, the mean percentages of energy from total fat, saturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher in the cases than in the controls. BMI, smoking, and a history of hypertension were associated with the occurrence of IHD. In multiple logistic analyses, total fat intake was a significant risk factor (odds ratio: 1.08 for 1% of energy intake; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.14) after adjustment for BMI and smoking.


CONCLUSIONS
In a population with a relatively low fat intake (19% of energy intake), a moderate increase in total fat intake may be a risk factor for IHD.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. isuh@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr
I
I
Suh
K W
KW
Oh
K H
KH
Lee
B M
BM
Psaty
C M
CM
Nam
S I
SI
Kim
H G
HG
Kang
S Y
SY
Cho
W H
WH
Shim
D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D015994:Incidence; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D004041:Dietary Fats