Two-year follow-up after intracoronary gamma radiation therapy.
BACKGROUND
Neointimal hyperplasia and unfavorable remodeling have been demonstrated to be the major limitation to endovascular revascularization procedures. Intracoronary gamma radiation therapy has been shown to reduce the restenosis index. However, the late effects of these novel procedures are unknown.


METHODS
To evaluate the long-term effects on clinical and angiographic outcome of endovascular gamma radiation therapy following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), serial angiography over a 2-year period was performed in 21 patients (22 lesions) who were treated with 192Ir in doses of 20-25 Gy after PTCA. Angiograms were analyzed using quantitative methods (QCA).


RESULTS
The mean late loss between PTCA and 6 months was 0.20 +/- 0.59 and 0.13 +/- 0.84 between 6 months and 2 years. At 6 months, angiographic binary restenosis was present in six arteries (27.2%). At 2 years, binary restenosis was observed in six arteries (27.2%), including one patient who had developed restenosis and excluding one patient with spontaneous regression. Two early pseudoaneurysms and two late aneurysms were observed at 6 months, with little increase at 2 years. No other angiographic complication was observed. None of the patients or medical staff developed complications or illnesses that could be related to the effects of the radiation procedure.


CONCLUSIONS
Gamma radiation therapy decreases late luminal loss, is safe and free of unexpected complications at 6 months follow-up, with no significant changes or late complications at 2-years' follow-up.
Department of Cardiology, Centro Médico de Caracas, Venezuela. condadoj@tecel.net.ve
J A
JA
Condado
R
R
Waksman
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C
Calderas
J
J
Saucedo
A
A
Lansky
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012449:Safety
D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes