A fortifier comprising protein, vitamins, and calcium-glycerophosphate for preterm human milk.
BACKGROUND
The infant's own mother's milk, fortified with proteins, minerals, and vitamins, is considered the best food for low-birth-weight infants. This paper describes the process to obtain a liquid human milk fortifier.


METHODS
The fortifier comprises a protein concentrate, calcium, phosphate, and zinc salts, as well as vitamins A and D. A powdered whey protein extracted from bovine milk was concentrated from 31.5-76.8 g/100 g using repetitive dialysis. The protein concentrate was dissolved in a 0.2 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and mixed with calcium-glycerophosphate and calcium-gluconate, vitamins A and D, folic acid, and zinc. Each 10 mL of this liquid fortifier has 0.78 g protein, 53 mg calcium, 36 mg phosphate, and 0.93 mg zinc.


RESULTS
Repetitive dialysis did not modify the protein structure as demonstrated by electrophoresis. A total of 95% of lactose content was discarded. Enriching human milk using this human milk fortifier increased the concentration per deciliter of all added nutrients; proteins increased from 1.68-2.35 g, calcium from 26-90 mg, and phosphorus, from 15-51 mg.


CONCLUSIONS
A liquid human milk fortifier was successfully manufactured using a noncomplex procedure. An intake of 180-200 mL/kg/day of the fortified human milk by the premature infant would satisfy the infant's nutritional requirements and achieve expected growth and development.
Sánchez-Hidalgo
V M
VM
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
Flores-Huerta
S
S
Matute-González
G
G
Urquieta-Aguila
B
B
Bernabe-García
M
M
Cisneros-Silva
I E
IE
D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003956:Dialysis; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004224:Diterpenes; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008895:Milk, Human; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004224:Diterpenes; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D010710:Phosphates; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D002762:Cholecalciferol; C009166:retinol acetate; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D005492:Folic Acid; C018279:sodium phosphate; D002125:Calcium Gluconate