Neurons and glial cells of the embryonic human brain and spinal cord express multiple and distinct isoforms of laminin.
We have identified by immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-PCR the isoforms of laminin expressed by glial cells and neurons cultured from human embryonic brain and spinal cord. We show that most of the known laminins are present in human neurons and glial cells. Importantly, Western analysis demonstrates that the isoforms of laminin present in embryonic human brain differ from those expressed in human spinal cord. Neurons of the brain and spinal cord also express their distinct and characteristic isoforms of laminin compared to the glial cells of the same CNS regions. These results suggest that, in addition to the known laminins, several novel isoforms may exist in the human embryonic CNS. The observed differences between the isoforms of laminin in brain and spinal cord neurons and glial cells may result from primary structural changes or from posttranslational modifications, e.g., variations in glycosylation. Thus, identification of these novel laminins and determination of their function(s) should further our understanding of the mechanisms of aging, disease, and trauma in the human CNS.
Liesi
P
P
The Brain Laboratory, Biomedicum Helsinki, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. paivi.liesi@helsinki.fi
Fried
G
G
Stewart
R R
RR
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D015415:Biomarkers; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005326:Fetal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014404:Tubulin / Q000032:analysis
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015415:Biomarkers; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007797:Laminin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014404:Tubulin