title: Hepatitis B vaccination in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics: a survey of STD programs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis B virus infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States. Sexual activity is the most commonly reported risk factor among persons with acute hepatitis B, yet hepatitis B vaccine coverage among adolescents and adults with high-risk sexual practices is low. Sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics are potentially efficient settings for vaccine administration to persons with high-risk sexual practices; however, little is known about hepatitis B vaccination activities in these settings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To gain information about policies and activities for vaccinating against hepatitis B in STD clinic settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  In April 1997, a questionnaire was sent to managers of 65 federally funded STD programs in state and local health departments. A similar survey was sent to 89 STD clinic managers in November 1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate among program managers was 97% (63/65). Forty-eight percent considered hepatitis B prevention a program responsibility; 21% had developed and distributed written policies to prevent hepatitis B through vaccination; and 27% had developed policies to encourage hepatitis B education activities. The response rate among clinic managers was 82% (73/89). Forty-five percent reported that their STD clinics had implemented policies recommending hepatitis B vaccination and health education activities. Program managers and clinic managers reported that lack of funding to cover the cost of the vaccine, and lack of resources to provide prevaccination counseling, administer vaccine, and track clients for vaccine series completion were the primary barriers to the implementation of hepatitis B vaccination programs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To enhance hepatitis B vaccination in STD clinics, existing funding sources must be accessed more effectively. Supplemental funding mechanisms for the cost of vaccine and resources for implementing vaccination programs also need to be identified. Additionally, STD clinics and programs should continue to propose and implement hepatitis B vaccination policies.
authors: Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors: B C
authors: BC
authors: Wilson
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Moyer
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Schmid
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Mast
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Voigt
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Mahoney
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Margolis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines