title: Markers of enteric inflammation in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli diarrhea in travelers.
abstract: As part of a traveler's diarrhea study carried out in Guadalajara, Mexico, and Goa, India, we conducted a case control study to evaluate fecal markers of enteric inflammation in three groups. Forty-five cases of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) diarrhea were compared to 56 controls with enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) diarrhea, and 126 controls with diarrhea without identifiable pathogens. For EAEC cases we found fecal leukocytes, occult blood, and lactoferrin in 13 (28.9%), 14 (31.1%), and 27 (60.0%) patients, respectively; for ETEC controls they were 15 (26.8%), 16 (28.6%), and 15 (26.8%) respectively; and for patients without identifiable pathogens 19 (15.1%), 34 (27.0%) and 27 (21.4%) were seen for the presence of a positive fecal lactoferrin test in EAEC cases was statistically significant compared to both control groups. The study provides evidence that EAEC infection is associated with an intestinal inflammatory response.
authors: Division of Infectious Disease, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. alain.bouckenooghe@med.va.gov
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Bouckenooghe
authors: H L
authors: HL
authors: Dupont
authors: Z D
authors: ZD
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Adachi
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Mathewson
authors: M P
authors: MP
authors: Verenkar
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rodrigues
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Steffen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002460:Cell Line; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology*; D004751:Enteritis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009780:Occult Blood; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007781:Lactoferrin