title: [Mutism in children].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mutism is absence of verbal expression with conservation of language comprehension. The origin of mutism is multifactorial and may followed from cranial trauma surgery of the posterior fossa, acquired epileptic syndromes and psychogenic origin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To refer patients who had presented mutism of diverse etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed three children who had presented mutism originated by diverse causes. Case 1. A child with family and school problems, attention deficits and limited communication resources. Neurological examination and other auxiliary test (EEG) were normal. He presented no alteration in language or speech. We recommended the change of the school and a psychotherapeutic orientation. Case 2. A 4 year old female child who has suffered varicella 15 days earlier and presented limitations in her verbal expression despite maintain her linguistically capacity. She showed a indifferent behavior and her movements were without finality. Neurological examination was normal. The girl understood and followed instruction properly. However her verbal communication was absent. Total recuperation occurred in 72 hours. Case 3. A 12 years old child who had suffered a cranial traumatism with loss of consciousness ten days earlier. After this traumatism, he presented behavior changes, disorientation and blurred vision. Additionally he presented stereotypies and limitations in psychosocial connections. Despite his mutism, he conserved the structure and content of language. SPECT showed hypoperfusion in orbitotemporal region. Improvement was total 20 days after his traumatism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mutism has multifactorial etiology. References were made to three cases who's mutism was related to emotional causes, post-varicella complications and posttraumatic events.
authors: División de Neurología, Hospital de Niños Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. grippo@fibertel.com.ar
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Grippo
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Vergel
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Comar
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Grippo
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009155:Mutism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology