title: Molecular subtypes of anaplastic oligodendroglioma: implications for patient management at diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a prior study of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas treated with chemotherapy at diagnosis or at recurrence after radiotherapy, allelic loss of chromosome 1p correlated with better chemotherapeutic response and overall survival. However, in this group of patients in whom therapeutic management was not uniform, loss of 1p did not identify all chemosensitive tumors, nor did all patients whose tumors harbor a 1p loss have long survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  To clarify the clinical relevance of molecular genetic testing at the time of diagnosis for patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, we studied a larger, more homogeneous group of 50 patients with histologically defined anaplastic oligodendrogliomas treated with a chemotherapeutic regimen as the principal initial therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrate that these tumors can be divided genetically into four therapeutically and prognostically relevant subgroups. Patients whose tumors have combined but isolated losses of 1p and 19q have marked and durable responses to chemotherapy associated with long survival, with or without postoperative radiation therapy. Other tumors with chromosome 1p alterations also respond to chemotherapy, but with shorter duration of response and patient survival. Tumors lacking 1p loss can also be divided into two subgroups: those with TP53 mutations, which may also respond to chemotherapy but recur quickly, and those without TP53 mutations, which are poorly responsive, aggressive tumors that are clinically and genotypically similar to glioblastomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data raise the possibility, for the first time, that therapeutic decisions at the time of diagnosis might be tailored to particular genetic subtypes of anaplastic oligodendroglioma.
authors: Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Neurosurgical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ino
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Betensky
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Zlatescu
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Sasaki
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Macdonald
authors: A O
authors: AO
authors: Stemmer-Rachamimov
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Ramsay
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Cairncross
authors: D N
authors: DN
authors: Louis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009837:Oligodendroglioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers