Inhibition and reversal of Salmonella typhimurium attachment to poultry skin using zinc chloride.
A skin attachment model was used to determine if ZnCl2 would reverse or inhibit Salmonella attachment to broiler skin. In the reversal experiments, skin samples, treated first with 1 ml of Salmonella Typhimurium suspension (10(8) CFU/ml) for 30 min, were then treated with 25 or 50 mM ZnCl2 for 5 or 15 min. Zinc chloride solutions were applied while the culture was present on the skin. In the inhibition experiments, ZnCl2 solutions were added first; treatment solutions were discarded after 5 or 15 min of application, and then the culture was added. Firmly and loosely attached Salmonella were enumerated on xylose lactose tergitol plates. A duplicate section of skin, subjected concurrently to the above treatments, was observed under a scanning electron microscope to enumerate attached bacteria directly. In the reversal experiments, 25 and 50 mM ZnCl2 reduced (P < 0.01) firmly attached cells by 77 and 89%, respectively, when compared to the control (water). Micrographs indicated that 25 and 50 mM ZnCl2 reduced (P < 0.1) Salmonella attachment by 69 and 99.9%, respectively, in the reversal experiments. In the inhibition experiments, 25 and 50 mM ZnCl2 reduced (P < 0.01) firmly attached cells by 82 and 91%, respectively. Reduction of Salmonella may be attributed, in part, to the bactericidal activity of ZnCl2 in addition to bacterial cell detachment.
Nayak
R
R
Molecular Circuitry, Inc., King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA.
Kenney
P B
PB
Bissonnette
G K
GK
D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D002645:Chickens; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008954:Models, Biological; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002712:Chlorides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C016837:zinc chloride