title: Re-operative hypospadias repair using the Snodgrass incised plate urethroplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively assess the results of tubularized incised plate (Snodgrass) urethroplasty in a series of re-operative hypospadias repairs in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised a follow-up (from 1996 until 2000) of 13 patients (mean age 7.5 years, range 13 months to 27 years) who had at least one previous hypospadias repair and who then underwent a reconstruction using the Snodgrass repair. In all cases the urethroplasty was covered with an additional layer of subcutaneous tissue. The original location, associated complications and results were recorded. In some cases, the long-term follow up was conducted by telephone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Associated complications before the Snodgrass repair included urethral stricture in two, fistula in three and persistent chordee in one patient. The mean (range) follow-up was 22 (9-34) months. The cosmetic results were excellent, with two complications (one patient with a glans dehiscence and a urethrocutaneous fistula, and a second with meatal stenosis). The remaining patients required no further procedures and were voiding normally at the last follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excellent cosmetic and functional results can be obtained using the Snodgrass incised plate urethroplasty for re-operative hypospadias repair. Only one patient in this series had an initial operation in which the urethral plate was previously incised. Therefore, caution should be used when considering an incised plate urethroplasty in these patients.
authors: Antoci Center for Pediatric Urology and Nephrology, University of California at Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA. amshanbe@uci.edu
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Shanberg
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sanderson
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Duel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*