title: Delayed diagnosis of cervical pregnancy: management options.
abstract: Cervical pregnancy is an uncommon variety of ectopic gestation. The aetiology is obscure. Diagnosis can be missed unless early evaluation is done by experienced personnel utilising pelvic ultrasonography. Three cases of cervical pregnancy managed at this hospital are described illustrating difficulties in early diagnosis and possible association with previous uterine scar and prior curettage of the uterus for retained products of conception. Treatment options vary according to the clinical state of the patient at the time of diagnosis. Non-surgical methods including systemic methotrexate administration in one and surgical evacuation of products of conception with subsequent cervical cerclage in another are discussed. Surgical interventions like total abdominal hysterectomy with internal iliac artery ligation to arrest life-threatening pelvic haemorrhage is also described. Other treatment options include potassium chloride (KCl) alone or in combination with methotrexate.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital Ipoh, 30990 Ipoh, Perak, West Malaysia.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sivalingam
authors: F K
authors: FK
authors: Mak
mesh_terms: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D012846:Singapore; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D008727:Methotrexate