Basic fibroblast growth factor in mesothelioma pleural effusions: correlation with patient survival and angiogenesis.
The expression of angiogenic factors may represent useful markers for diagnosis and prediction of disease outcome. Basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) is a potent angiogenic factor which promotes in vitro growth of endothelial cells and in vivo vessel formation. We investigated the expression of b-FGF in patients affected with malignant and non-malignant pleural diseases and presenting clinically with non-specific signs and symptoms. We also studied the relationships between the expression of b-FGF in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MM) and tumour aggressiveness, assessed as tumour vessel density (TVD), or patient survival. Basic-FGF was measured by immunoassay in the serum and pleural effusions (PE) of 37 patients. Of these, MM was diagnosed in 15/37 patients while the remaining patients had either peripheral lung adenocarcinoma (PLA) or benign inflammatory pleural disease (BPD). The mean b-FGF level measured 8.5+/-6.1 pg/ml in the PE of the malignant group (MM + PLA) and 23.9+/-19.8 in the PE of the non-malignant group (BPD) (p=0.001). The mean b-FGF level was significantly lower in the PE of MM patients (6.9+/-5.2 pg/ml) compared to BPD patients (p=0.004). Linear regression analysis showed a significant inverse correlation (r=-0.59; p=0.041) between b-FGF levels found in MM PE and patient survival. A noteworthy relationship between high serum b-FGF levels and reduced survival was also observed (r=-0.57; p=0.052). Interestingly, both serum (r=0.48; p=0.114) and PE (r=0.26; p=0.413) b-FGF levels in MM patients correlated poorly with TVD. Our data indicate that b-FGF is significantly more expressed in non-malignant compared to malignant PE, this difference being particularly evident between MM and BPD. Our results also suggest that high b-FGF levels correlate with poor MM patient survival through mechanisms which may be independent of b-FGF angiogenic potential.
Strizzi
L
L
University, Department of Oncology and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Pathology, I-66013 Chieti, Italy. lstrizzi@phobos.unich.it
Vianale
G
G
Catalano
A
A
Muraro
R
R
Mutti
L
L
Procopio
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D018301:Neoplasms, Mesothelial / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000378:metabolism*; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D005169:Factor VIII