Decomposition of hazardous organic materials in the solidification/stabilization process using catalytic-activated carbon.
The application of a catalytic-activated carbon to the solidification/stabilization (S/S) process for immobilization of phenol and 2-chlorophenol and catalytic decomposition was investigated. The effect of the catalytic-activated carbon, in amounts of 0.25-1% (by dry sand wt.), on the leaching of phenol and 2-chlorophenol was studied. H2O2 was added as a source of oxygen in the amounts of 1 or 5%, with respect to liquid solution weight. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) leaching tests showed that adding the catalytic-activated carbon to the S/S matrix significantly reduced the leachability of both phenol and 2-chlorophenol. Only trace amounts of phenol were found in the leaching solution, while the concentration of 2-chlorophenol was below the detection limit of the gas chromatography (GC). Without addition of the catalytic-activated carbon, 87% of the phenol and 92% of the 2-chlorophenol leached. Additional tests on TCLP leachate solutions using GC-mass spectrometry indicated the existence of simple, less hazardous, hydrocarbons, including alcohol. Catalytic-activated carbons treated with phenol in the presence of H2O2 were also analyzed using time of flight-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS). Results indicate that the phenol aromatic ring was broken by the catalytic reaction.
Rho
H
H
Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Arafat
H A
HA
Kountz
B
B
Buchanan
R C
RC
Pinto
N G
NG
Bishop
P L
PL
D000327:Adsorption / Q000187:drug effects; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002384:Catalysis; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*
D002733:Chlorophenols; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D016877:Oxidants; D010636:Phenols; D002244:Carbon; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide