[Arachidonic acid and prostaglandins, inflammation and oncology].
CYCLOOXYGENASE PATHWAY: Among the 3 metabolic pathways leading to oxidation of arachidonic acid, the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway produces prostaglandin G2 that is rapidly transformed into prostaglandin H2. PROSTAGLANDINS: Prostaglandins are inflammation mediators that are strongly implicated in tumorgenesis. They participate in tumor initiation, promotion and growth. INFLAMMATION AND EPITHELIAL CANCER: Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for epithelial cancer. It induces prostaglandin synthesis via activation of COX-2. There is a cause and effect relationship between chronic inflammation and carcinogeneis via COX-2 expression. It has been demonstrated that COX-2 favors tumor invasion and inhibits apoptosis. Tumor growth is favored by PGE2-induced reduction in immunity; COX-2 inhibitors reinforce the immune response. Finally COX-2 is expressed in tumor neovessels and plays a role in angiogenesis.
Eschwège
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P
Service d'Urologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78, rue du Général Leclerc, F 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre. peschwege@yahoo.com
de Ledinghen
V
V
Camilli
T
T
Kulkarni
S
S
Dalbagni
G
G
Droupy
S
S
Jardin
A
A
Benoît
G
G
Weksler
B B
BB
D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*
D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011453:Prostaglandins; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases