Effects of body temperature during exercise training on myocardial adaptations.
This study determined the role of body temperature during chronic exercise on myocardial stress proteins and antioxidant enzymes as well as functional recovery after an ischemic insult. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exercised for 3, 6, or 9 wk in a 23 degrees C room (3WK, 6WK, and 9WK, respectively) or in a 4-8 degrees C environment with wetted fur (3WKC, 6WKC, and 9WKC, respectively). The colder room prevented elevations in core temperature. During weeks 3-9 the animals ran 5 days/wk up a 6% grade at 20 m/min for 60 min. Myocardial heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) increased 12.3-fold (P < 0.05) in 9WK versus sedentary (SED) rats but was unchanged in the cold-room runners. Compared with SED rats, alphaB-crystallin was 90% higher in 9WKC animals, HSP 90 was 50% higher in 3WKC and 6WKC animals, and catalase was 23% higher in 3WK animals (P < 0.05 for all). Cytosolic superoxide dismutase increased and mitochondrial SOD decreased (P < 0.05) in 3WK and 6WK rats compared with 3WKC and 6WKC rats. Antioxidant enzymes returned to SED values in all runners by 9 wk. No differences were observed among any of the groups for glucose-regulated protein 75, heme oxygenase-1, or glutathione peroxidase. Mechanical recovery of isolated working hearts after 22.5 min of global ischemia was enhanced in 9WK (P < 0.05) but not in 9WKC rats. We conclude that exercise training results in dynamic changes in cardioprotective proteins over time which are influenced by core temperature. In addition, cardioprotection resulting from chronic exercise appears to be due to increased HSP 70.
Harris
M B
MB
Cardiac Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Starnes
J W
JW
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D003459:Crystallins / Q000032:analysis; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000032:analysis; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000032:analysis; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis
D000975:Antioxidants; D003459:Crystallins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C018551:glucose-regulated proteins; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV