title: In vitro investigation of the hepatic extraction of RSD1070, a novel antiarrhythmic compound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The hepatic extraction of a novel antiarrhythmic, RSD1070, was investigated to test the hypothesis that the poor bioavailability observed in rats is due to high hepatic metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pharmacokinetics of RSD1070 was examined in rats (n=8) and its metabolism was investigated using pooled rat hepatic microsomes. The free fraction in plasma and microsomal matrices was determined by equilibrium dialysis. Hepatic extraction was predicted by scaling-up of the microsomal kinetic data using the well-stirred liver model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RSD1070 demonstrated tri-exponential decay following single iv bolus administration of a dose of 12 mg/kg. RSD1070 exhibited a rapid elimination, t1/2 of 25 +/- 8 min and a CL(tot) of 71 +/- 9 mL/min/kg. Renal clearance based on 24 h urinary recovery was determined to be insignificant (<< 1% of CL(tot)). A Michaelis-Menten model described the elimination of RSD1070 with a K(m) of 0.45 microg/mL and Vmax of 2.81 microg/min/mg microsomal protein. Taking the V(max)/K(m) ratio (CL(int)) as the basis for scaling, the data from the microsomal kinetic studies (75 mL/min/kg) closely approximated the apparent CL(tot). In the scale-up of the in vitro CL(int), plasma free fraction (1.5%) and microsomal free fraction (15%) were determined and incorporated into the well-stirred liver model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RSD1070 is a high hepatic extraction compound (E = 0.94) with a predicted CL(h) value that accounted for the CL(tot) observed in rats.
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Tong
authors: F S
authors: FS
authors: Abbott
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mbofana
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Walker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; C433371:RSD1070