Prognostic status of p53 gene mutation in canine mammary carcinoma.
BACKGROUND
The p53 gene mutations have been associated with the development of human breast and canine mammary neoplasms; breast carcinoma patients with alterations of p53 gene are considered to have a poor prognosis. Mammary carcinoma represents the most common malignant tumor in female dogs. However, the prognostic significance of p53 gene mutation in the dog has been unclear.


METHODS
The alteration in exons 5-8 of p53 gene in 69 canine mammary carcinomas were investigated by PCR-SSCP with direct sequence analysis and statistically analyzed to compare with other clinicopathological parameters including age, neuter, tumor size, stage, histology, p53 expression, recurrence and death from carcinoma.


RESULTS
12 out of 69 (17%) carcinomas showed p53 gene mutations. After a follow-up period of 30 months, multivariate regression analysis revealed that p53 gene mutation was only an independent risk factor for increased risk of the recurrence and death from mammary carcinoma.


CONCLUSIONS
The p53 gene alterations might contribute to the prognostic status in canine mammary carcinomas, in a way comparable to that of human tumors.
Wakui
S
S
Comparative Toxicology Laboratories, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan. wakui@azabu-u.ac.jp
Muto
T
T
Yokoo
K
K
Yokoo
R
R
Takahashi
H
H
Masaoka
T
T
Hano
H
H
Furusato
M
M
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010052:Ovariectomy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013045:Species Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis
D003062:Codon