Angiogenic activity of pyruvic acid in in vivo and in vitro angiogenesis models.
The excessive growth of a tumor requires high rates of glucose uptake and glycolysis and continuous recruitment of new blood vessels. Here, we provide several lines of evidence showing that pyruvic acid, the end product of glycolysis, exhibits strong angiogenic activity. Pyruvic acid promoted angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membrane assay and in vivo mouse Matrigel plug assay. Pyruvic acid also positively affects angiogenic cascade, DNA synthesis, migration, and tube formation in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Furthermore, mRNA expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor was enhanced by pyruvic acid. These results strongly suggest that pyruvic acid plays an important role in angiogenesis for tumor growth and metastasis.
Lee
M S
MS
Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Korea.
Moon
E J
EJ
Lee
S W
SW
Kim
M S
MS
Kim
K W
KW
Kim
Y J
YJ
D000482:Allantois / Q000098:blood supply; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002823:Chorion / Q000098:blood supply; D003094:Collagen; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007797:Laminin; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D011509:Proteoglycans; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D004338:Drug Combinations; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D007797:Laminin; D008222:Lymphokines; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; C059485:matrigel; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D003094:Collagen; C496354:Fgfr2 protein, mouse; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2