Exclusive breast-feeding is rarely practised in rural and urban Morogoro, Tanzania.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and compare feeding practices among infants of less than 7 months of age in a rural and an urban area in Tanzania.


METHODS
Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based interview of mothers and focus group discussions with extension workers and community leaders.


METHODS
Eleven villages in a rural district and 10 wards in an urban district in the Morogoro region, Tanzania, west of Dar es Salaam.


METHODS
Probability samples of mothers with infants of less than 7 months of age from each area).


RESULTS
Exclusive breast-feeding was rarely practised in either the rural or urban areas investigated. However, the urban mothers initiated breast-feeding earlier, discarded colostrum less frequently, breast-fed exclusively for a longer period, gave breast milk as the first feed more often and delayed the introduction of solid foods for longer than their rural counterparts. The rural mothers, on the other hand, breast-fed their previous infants slightly longer than the urban mothers.


CONCLUSIONS
The better performance of urban mothers could be partly due to sustained breast-feeding support in hospital settings and other campaigns which may not have reached the rural areas. In both the rural and urban areas more efforts are needed to encourage exclusive breast-feeding, to avoid premature complementation and, in the case of the urban areas, to protect extended breast-feeding.
Shirima
R
R
1Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Greiner
T
T
Kylberg
E
E
Gebre-Medhin
M
M
D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003126:Colostrum; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013636:Tanzania; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*