Growth factor-induced angiogenesis in vivo requires specific cleavage of fibrillar type I collagen.
The contribution of specific type I collagen remodeling in angiogenesis was studied in vivo using a quantitative chick embryo assay that measures new blood vessel growth into well-defined fibrillar collagen implants. In response to a combination of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a strong angiogenic response was observed, coincident with invasion into the collagen implants of activated fibroblasts, monocytes, heterophils, and endothelial cells. The angiogenic effect was highly dependent on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, because new vessel growth was inhibited by both a synthetic MMP inhibitor, BB3103, and a natural MMP inhibitor, TIMP-1. Multiple MMPs were detected in the angiogenic tissue including MMP-2, MMP-13, MMP-16, and a recently cloned MMP-9-like gelatinase. Using this assay system, wild-type collagen was compared to a unique collagenase-resistant collagen (r/r), with regard to the ability of the respective collagen implants to support cell invasion and angiogenesis. It was found that collagenase-resistant collagen constitutes a defective substratum for angiogenesis. In implants made with r/r collagen there was a substantial reduction in the number of endothelial cells and newly formed vessels. The presence of the r/r collagen, however, did not reduce the entry into the implants of other cell types, that is, activated fibroblasts and leukocytes. These results indicate that fibrillar collagen cleavage at collagenase-specific sites is a rate-limiting event in growth factor-stimulated angiogenesis in vivo.
Seandel
M
M
Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA.
Noack-Kunnmann
K
K
Zhu
D
D
Aimes
R T
RT
Quigley
J P
JP
D000482:Allantois / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002823:Chorion / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
C108282:BB 3103; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D008222:Lymphokines; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D003094:Collagen; D017364:Collagenases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases