Tramadol for postoperative shivering: a double-blind comparison with pethidine.
In most operating and recovery rooms, shivering is controlled by the use of humidifiers, warming blankets, and inhalation of humidified heated oxygen. However, pharmacological control is an effective alternate treatment modality. This randomized, double-blind trial, conducted in 30 ASA Grade 1 or 2 patients, was designed to explore the efficacy of tramadol and pethidine in the treatment of post-anaesthetic shivering. Tramadol is an inhibitor of the re-uptake of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and norepinephrine in the spinal cord. This facilitates 5-hydroxytryptamine release, which influences thermoregulatory control. We compared the efficacy of tramadol with that of pethidine, presently a widely used drug for the control of shivering. Patients received either tramadol 1 mg/kg or pethidine 0.5 mg/kg intravenously and the grade of shivering, pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were observed every 10 minutes after injection for one hour Shivering was significantly more likely to have ceased in the tramadol group (12 of 15 versus 4 of 15 cases, P<0.05) at 10 minutes after drug administration and this control was better sustained. No patients receiving tramadol had a recurrence of shivering. It is concluded that intravenous tramadol 1 mg/kg is more effective for the treatment of postoperative shivering than pethidine 0.5 mg/kg.
Bhatnagar
S
S
Unit of Anesthesiology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansani Nagar, New Delhi.
Saxena
A
A
Kannan
T R
TR
Punj
J
J
Panigrahi
M
M
Mishra
S
S
D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011674:Pulse; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012768:Shivering / Q000187:drug effects*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D008614:Meperidine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D014147:Tramadol