title: Decreased serum erythropoietin and its relation to anti-erythropoietin antibodies in anaemia of systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to assess erythropoietin levels and anti-erythropoietin antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sera of 100 patients with SLE were investigated for serum erythropoietin levels and the presence of anti-erythropoietin antibodies by ELISA. Routine laboratory parameters such as peripheral blood count, relevant parameters of blood chemistry, and immunological parameters of SLE were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Erythropoietin levels were significantly decreased in SLE patients when related to individual haemoglobin and haematocrit values (P<0.001), suggesting an inadequate erythropoietin response in SLE. Anti-erythropoietin antibodies were found in 46% of SLE patients, and erythropoietin levels (but not haemoglobin or haematocrit values) were significantly decreased in these patients compared with patients without anti-erythropoietin antibodies. Serum erythropoietin concentration as determined by ELISA was reduced in the presence of anti-erythropoietin antibodies. Furthermore, anti-erythropoietin antibodies also correlated with younger age, decreased serum levels of complement factors C3 and C4 and elevated anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the anaemia of SLE is characterized by an inadequate erythropoietin response. Anti-erythropoietin antibodies are frequently present in SLE and interfere with the measurement of serum erythropoietin level. However, these antibodies are not associated with increased severity of SLE-associated anaemia.
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Vienna Medical School, Vienna, Austria.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Schett
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Firbas
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Füreder
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Hiesberger
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Winkler
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Wachauer
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Köller
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kapiotis
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Smolen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D004921:Erythropoietin