title: Identification of the yeast cytidine deaminase CDD1 as an orphan C-->U RNA editase.
abstract: Yeast co-expressing rat APOBEC-1 and a fragment of human apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA assembled functional editosomes and deaminated C6666 to U in a mooring sequence-dependent fashion. The occurrence of APOBEC-1-complementing proteins suggested a naturally occurring mRNA editing mechanism in yeast. Previously, a hidden Markov model identified seven yeast genes encoding proteins possessing putative zinc-dependent deaminase motifs. Here, only CDD1, a cytidine deaminase, is shown to have the capacity to carry out C-->U editing on a reporter mRNA. This is only the second report of a cytidine deaminase that can use mRNA as a substrate. CDD1-dependent editing was growth phase regulated and demonstrated mooring sequence-dependent editing activity. Candidate yeast mRNA substrates were identified based on their homology with the mooring sequence-containing tripartite motif at the editing site of apoB mRNA and their ability to be edited by ectopically expressed APOBEC-1. Naturally occurring yeast mRNAs edited to a significant extent by CDD1 were, however, not detected. We propose that CDD1 be designated an orphan C-->U editase until its native RNA substrate, if any, can be identified and that it be added to the CDAR (cytidine deaminase acting on RNA) family of editing enzymes.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors: G S
authors: GS
authors: Dance
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Beemiller
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: D V
authors: DV
authors: Mater
authors: I S
authors: IS
authors: Mian
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008390:Markov Chains; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017393:RNA Editing / Q000235:genetics; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015003:Yeasts / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)
chemical_list: D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase); D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; C000605089:APOBEC1 protein, human; C000605091:Apobec1 protein, rat; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase