Histamine upregulates Th1 and downregulates Th2 responses due to different patterns of surface histamine 1 and 2 receptor expression.
Histamine, which acts via G protein-coupled receptors, is an important mediator of immediate hypersensitivity and is also able to influence the nature of T cell responses. We demonstrated that TH1 and Th2 cells express distinct surface histamine receptor patterns and that Th1-type responses are enhanced by histamine, whereas Th2-type responses are negatively regulated, due to different intracellular signals generated by histamine stimulation. These findings account for negative feedback regulation in a wide variety of pathologies.
Jutel
M
M
Wroclaw University of Medicine, Wroclaw, Poland. mjutel@dilnet.wroc.pl
Klunker
S
S
Akdis
M
M
Małolepszy
J
J
Thomet
O A
OA
Zak-Nejmark
T
T
Blaser
K
K
Akdis
C A
CA
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018448:Models, Immunological; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D006632:Histamine