title: Bilateral internal thoracic artery T grafting for coronary artery revascularization. Angiographic assessment and mid-term outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the early outcome of bilateral internal thoracic artery T grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary artery bypass grafting was studied retrospectively using bilateral internal thoracic artery T grafting in 51 patients. The T graft was made by anastomosing the free right internal thoracic artery to the in-situ left internal thoracic artery. Average patient age was 63.5 +/- 9.9 years, and the average number of anastomoses per patient was 3.6 +/- 0.9. In 35 patients, the right gastroepiploic artery (21 anastomoses in 20 patients), radial artery (1 anastomosis), free left internal thoracic artery (1 anastomosis) and saphenous vein graft (14 anastomoses in 13 patients) were used as additional bypass conduits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospital mortality was 0%. The morbidity of stroke was 1.9% (1 patient) and deep sternal infection 0%. Patency of the in-situ left internal thoracic artery was 49/50 anastomoses (98%) and that of the free right internal thoracic artery 81/84 anastomoses (96.4%). Mid-term coronary angiography in 7 patients demonstrated patent anastomosis of the T graft. Acute myocardial infarction unrelated to graft failure occurred in 2 patients during follow-up. Other patients were evaluated by exercise stress tests every year and none exhibited myocardial ischemia in the areas of T graft coronary revascularization. Three-year actuarial survival rate was 100% and freedom from cardiac events 96%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bilateral internal thoracic artery T graft provides satisfactory early and mid-term outcomes in properly selected patients.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, 1-3-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558, Japan.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Fukuda
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Osaka
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Unno
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kaminishi
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kamiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000637:transplantation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency