title: Percutaneous US-guided radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinomas: results in 15 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cannot undergo surgery because of multifocality, location or advanced cirrhosis. Our experience with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for treatment of patients suffering from unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is described here.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients (ten men and five women) with eighteen primary hepatocellular tumors underwent percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. The mean diameter of the HCCs was 32 mm (ranging from 15 mm to 62 mm). The patients were treated under ultrasound guidance using either a 18-gauge internally cooled electrode or a 14-gauge electrode with four expandable hooks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete necrosis was achieved in 15 lesions after one session of RF ablation. The persistence of a small portion of viable tissue was seen in two lesions. One lesion was not evaluable. After a mean follow-up period of 9.2 months (range 3-24 months), eleven patients (76%) showed no sign of local or distant recurrence, one patient developed a new lesion and one of two patients with persistence of viable tissue obtained a complete necrosis after the injection of percutaneous ethanol. Moreover, a major complication (intraperitoneal bleeding requiring surgical treatment) and three minor complications (1 pleuric effusion and 2 perihepatic fluid collections that resolved spontaneously) were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RF ablation is a simple, well-tolerated and effective procedure for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas.
authors: Divisione di Medicina Interna, IRCCS, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Pavia, Italy. gpoggi@fsm.it
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Poggi
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Gatti
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Cupella
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Fiori
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Avanza
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Baldi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006465:Hemoperitoneum / Q000209:etiology; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation