Dynamic endorectal magnetic resonance imaging for local staging and detection of neurovascular bundle involvement of prostate cancer: correlation with histopathologic results.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the staging accuracy and detection of neurovascular bundle involvement by dynamic subtraction contrast-enhanced endorectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with localized prostate cancer.


METHODS
In 38 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer, endorectal MRI was performed on a 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance system using the dynamic technique with gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid bolus enhancement. Two radiologists prospectively assessed the tumor involvement, localization, capsular penetration, seminal vesicle invasion, and neurovascular bundle involvement. All patients subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy, and the MRI findings were correlated with the histopathologic results.


RESULTS
The overall accuracy of detecting cancer localization in the prostate was 72%. The detection of involvement in the peripheral zone had an 80% accuracy rate, but for lesions in the transition zone, the rate was 63%. The sensitivity and specificity of tumor detection was 81% and 79% for peripheral zone cancers and 37% and 97% for transition zone cancers, respectively. The accuracy rate, was 84%, 97%, and 97% for the detection of capsular penetration, seminal vesicle invasion, and neurovascular bundle involvement, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Prostatic MRI with an endorectal surface coil using the dynamic technique more accurately detected tumor localization, capsular penetration, seminal vesicle invasion, and neurovascular bundle involvement than previously reported methods. The detection of tumor localization was more accurate in the peripheral zone than in the transition zone. This technique may be useful for the selection of patients for radical prostatectomy and, particularly, for identifying candidates for nerve-sparing surgery.
Ogura
K
K
Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan.
Maekawa
S
S
Okubo
K
K
Aoki
Y
Y
Okada
T
T
Oda
K
K
Watanabe
Y
Y
Tsukayama
C
C
Arai
Y
Y
D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D011107:Polylysine; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D003287:Contrast Media; C110138:gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid polygalactosyl polylysine; D011107:Polylysine; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA