A functionally active RARalpha nuclear receptor is expressed in retinoic acid non responsive early myeloblastic cell lines.
Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can restore the differentiation capacity of leukemic promyelocytes, early leukemic myeloblasts are conversely not responsive to ATRA induced granulocytic differentiation. To assess whether this resistance to ATRA is related to an impaired function of the Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha (RARalpha), we performed an analysis of RARalpha expression and transactivation activity, in several myeloid leukemic cell lines, representative of different types of spontaneous acute myeloid leukemias. Our results indicate that a functionally active RARalpha nuclear receptor is expressed in all the analyzed cell lines, regardless of their differentiation capacity following exposure to ATRA. The observation that ATRA treatment is able to induce the expression of retinoic acid target genes, in late- but not in early-myeloblastic leukemic cells, raises the possibility that the differentiation block of these cells is achieved through a chromatin mediated mechanism. Acetylation is apparently not involved in this process, since the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, is not able to restore the differentiation capacity of early leukemic myeloblasts. Further investigation is needed to clarify whether myeloid transcription factors, distinct to RARalpha, play a role in the resistance of these cells to ATRA treatment.
Grande
A
A
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Chimica Biologica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Montanari
M
M
Manfredini
R
R
Tagliafico
E
E
Zanocco-Marani
T
T
Trevisan
F
F
Ligabue
G
G
Siena
M
M
Ferrari
S
S
Ferrari
S
S
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; C000607071:RARA protein, human; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C012589:trichostatin A; D014212:Tretinoin; D004247:DNA; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase