The hormone sensitive lipase gene in familial combined hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance.
BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance in the most common familial dyslipidemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), could be due to variations in the hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) gene.


METHODS
The coding region of the HSL gene was screened with the single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in probands of 27 FCHL families with 228 members. In addition, the C-60G promoter substitution of the HSL gene was determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in these subjects.


RESULTS
No variants in the coding region of the HSL gene were found and the allele frequencies of the C-60G promoter substitution and the silent variant (G3138A) in the 3' untranslated region did not differ between 110 control subjects and 27 probands with FCHL. However, in control women the C-60G substitution was associated with high body mass index [30.6 +/- 0.9 kg m(-2) (mean +/- SD) in subjects with the C/G genotype and 24.8 +/- 4.6 in subjects with the C/C genotype, P = 0.012], and in control men with high rates of insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake (70.1 +/- 14.7 vs. 56.7 +/- 14.2 micromol kg(-1) min(-1), P = 0.014). In 228 FCHL family members this substitution was associated with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men (4.51 +/- 1.12 vs. 5.17 +/- 1.28 mmol L(-1), P = 0.049), but not in women.


CONCLUSIONS
The HSL gene is not a major gene for FCHL. However, the - 60G allele of this gene may affect body weight, insulin sensitivity and serum cholesterol levels.
Pihlajamäki
J
J
Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.
Valve
R
R
Karjalainen
L
L
Karhapää
P
P
Vauhkonen
I
I
Laakso
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D002787:Sterol Esterase / Q000235:genetics*
D002787:Sterol Esterase