title: The influence of level and chlorine source on the formation of mono- to octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls during combustion of an artificial municipal waste.
abstract: The formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and the three coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (pPCBs) was studied during labscale fludized bed combustion of eight artificial municipal solid waste (MSW) fuel mixtures. The level of chlorine as well as the chlorine source varies within the different fuel mixtures. Four different chlorine sources were studied, viz, an inorgnaic (NaCl) and three organic sources, pure PVC plastic and two products (floor and cable) and the total chlorine level varies between 0.28% and 1.1%. The experiments were performed in a 5 kW laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor. A correlation between the total chlorine in the fuel and the formation of the hepta- and octa-chlorinated PCDD/F homologues was found. However, the most important variable for changes in the PCDDs/Fs and pPCBs formation was disturbance in the combustion condition and not the variation in chlorine content of the fuel. Furthermore, no differences in formation between the chlorine sources could be seen.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry Umeå University, Sweden. wikstrom.evalena@epa.gov
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Wikström
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Marklund
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D017745:Incineration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012989:Soil Pollutants
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls