title: Percolation, Bose-Einstein condensation, and string proliferation.
abstract: The close analogy between cluster percolation and string proliferation in the context of critical phenomena is studied. Like clusters in percolation theory, closed strings, which can be either finite-temperature worldlines or topological line defects, are described by a distribution parametrized by only two exponents. On approaching the critical point, the string tension vanishes and the loops proliferate, thereby signalling the onset of Bose-Einstein condensation (in the case of worldlines) or the disordering of the ordered state (in the case of vortices). The ideal Bose gas with modified energy spectrum is used as a stepping stone to derive general expressions for the critical exponents in terms of the two exponents parametrizing the loop distribution near criticality.
authors: Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Schakel