title: Plaque removal with the uninstructed use of electric toothbrushes: comparison with a manual brush and toothpaste slurry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals purchasing electric toothbrushes for the 1st time will mostly only have the manufacturer's instructional leaflet for information of usage.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to simulate the 1st-time purchase and early use of an electric toothbrush with the aim of comparing plaque removal with a manual toothbrush. Secondary aims were to assess chemical plaque removal effects of a toothpaste slurry and to compare between 2 electric brushes which differed only in head speed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 16 dentate subjects participated in this single-examiner blind, randomised, crossover design balanced for residual effects. Subjects had "average" oral hygiene and had never used an electric toothbrush previously. 7 days prior to the study, all subjects received the slower oscillating rotating toothbrush under test to use at home as they wished. The test treatments were brushing with 2 oscillating rotating electric toothbrushes, a manual toothbrush and a rinse with a toothpaste slurry (3 g/10 ml water). On day 1 of each study period, subjects were rendered plaque-free, suspended oral hygiene and returned on day 5. Plaque was scored at baseline by index and area and after 30 s, 30 s (total 60 s) and 60 s (total 120 s) of the cleaning treatments. Washout periods were at least 2 1/2 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Highly significant treatment differences were found between the 4 treatments because the toothpaste slurry was totally without effect. Analyses between the 3 brush treatments overall revealed no consistent significant differences. The data suggest that in the early days of electric toothbrush use, subjects perform no better than using a manual brush.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study, taken with results from others showing greater benefits from the use of electric brushes, supports the idea that dental professionals should, where possible, provide advice and instruction in the use of such devices.
authors: Division of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Bristol, England.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Renton-Harper
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Addy
authors: R G
authors: RG
authors: Newcombe
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004396:Coloring Agents; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000628:therapy*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D004560:Electricity; D004867:Equipment Design; D006267:Health Education, Dental; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012399:Rotation; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D014100:Toothpastes