title: Signal transduction in eclosion hormone-induced secretion of ecdysis-triggering hormone.
abstract: Inka cells of insect epitracheal glands (EGs) secrete preecdysis and ecdysis-triggering hormones (PETH and ETH) at the end of each developmental stage. Both peptides act in the central nervous system to evoke the ecdysis behavioral sequence, a stereotype behavior during which old cuticle is shed. Secretion of ETH is stimulated by a brain neuropeptide, eclosion hormone (EH). EH evokes accumulation of cGMP followed by release of ETH from Inka cells, and exogenous cGMP evokes secretion of ETH. The secretory responses to EH and cGMP are inhibited by the broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor staurosporine, and the response to EH is potentiated by the phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A. Staurosporine did not inhibit EH-evoked accumulation of cGMP. Changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ in Inka cells during EH signaling were monitored via fluorescence ratioing with fura-2-loaded EGs. Cytoplasmic Ca2+ increases within 30-120 s after addition of EH to EGs, and it remains elevated for at least 10 min, corresponding with the time course of secretion. Secretion is increased in dose-dependent manner by the Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin, a treatment that does not elevate glandular cGMP above basal levels. The secretory response to EH is partially inhibited in glands loaded with EGTA, while cGMP levels are unaffected. These findings suggest that EH activates second messenger cascades leading to cGMP accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization and/or influx and that both pathways are required for a full secretory response. cGMP activates a staurosporine-inhibitable protein kinase. We propose that Ca2+ acts via a parallel cascade with a time course that is similar to that for cGMP activation of a cGMP-dependent protein kinase.
authors: Department of Cell Biology/Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. tkingan@citrus.ucr.edu
authors: T G
authors: TG
authors: Kingan
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Cardullo
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Adams
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007301:Insect Hormones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D018402:Manduca; D008387:Marine Toxins; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007301:Insect Hormones; D008387:Marine Toxins; D010080:Oxazoles; C103679:ecdysis-triggering hormone, Bombyx mori; C120524:preecdysis-triggering hormone; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D019284:Thapsigargin; C059041:calyculin A; C042645:eclosion hormone; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D019311:Staurosporine