title: Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in saliva and blood plasma by V3-specific heteroduplex tracking assay and genotype analyses.
abstract: The gp120 V3-encoding region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA derived from the saliva and blood plasma of 11 individuals was characterized by heteroduplex tracking assay and sequence analyses. R5-like viral variants were identified in both fluids of all subjects. X4-like variants were detected in the plasma and/or saliva of three subjects, indicating that X4-like variants are not excluded from the saliva compartment. Viral subpopulations were similar in both fluids of most subjects, suggesting that HIV-1 in oral fluids and blood may stem from a common source. These findings raise the possibility of using saliva as a noninvasive fluid for evaluating and monitoring viral evolution in infected persons.
authors: School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Freel
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Williams
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Nelson
authors: L L
authors: LL
authors: Patton
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Fiscus
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Swanstrom
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Shugars
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D020180:Heteroduplex Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics*; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology; D012463:Saliva / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments