title: Thoracoscopic mobilization of the esophagus. A 6 year experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditionally, esophageal resection has been performed using a thoracotomy to access the intrathoracic esophagus. With the aim to avoid the potential morbidity of the open thoracic approach, mobilization of the esophagus under direct vision recently has been described. We report our experience at attempting thoracoscopic mobilization of the esophagus in 162 patients during a 6-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with malignancy or end-stage benign disease of the esophagus considered suitable for a three-stage esophagectomy underwent a thoracoscopy with a view to endoscopic mobilization of the esophagus. Of the 162 patients in whom the procedure was attempted, it was abandoned in 9 patients (6%), and the procedure was converted to open surgery in 11 patients (7%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patients whose esophagus was mobilized, the average blood loss was 165 ml, and the average time for the thoracoscopic segment of the surgery was 104 min. In the 133 patients who underwent a resection for invasive malignancy, a limited mediastinal nodal dissection retrieved an average of 11 nodes, and the median survival was 29 months. The 30-day mortality was 3.3% and the in-hospital mortality 5.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracoscopic mobilization can be performed safely with satisfactory outcomes in a center performing a large volume of esophageal surgery and possessing advanced endoscopic surgery skills. Further assessment of this technique and comparisons with traditional open procedures are needed to assess this approach further as an appropriate oncologic procedure.
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Australia 4102.
authors: B M
authors: BM
authors: Smithers
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Gotley
authors: D
authors: D
authors: McEwan
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Martin
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Bessell
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Doyle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome