title: Long-lasting antinociceptive effects of a novel dynorphin analogue, Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Leu-Arg psi (CH(2)NH) Arg-NH(2), in mice.
abstract: Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Leu-Arg psi (CH(2)NH) Arg-NH(2) (SK-9709) is a dynorphin derivative in which the peptide bond was replaced with a psi (CH(2)NH) bond. In the present study, the antinociceptive effects of SK-9709 were determined in an acetic acid-induced writhing test and a hot-plate test. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, significant antinociceptive effects were observed after subcutaneous (s.c.), intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intrathecal (i.t.) injection of SK-9709, with maximal effects at 120, 30 and 15 min, respectively. The antinociceptive effects were dose-dependent and ED(50) values (range of 95% confidence limits) after s.c., i.c.v. and i.t. injection were 1.36 (0.61 - 3.02) micromol kg(-1), 2.11 (1.18 - 3.79) and 0.79 (0.61 - 1.03) nmol per mouse, respectively. The effects of SK-9709 (s.c., i.c.v. and i.t.) were reversed by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (1.36 micromol kg(-1), s.c.). The effects of SK-9709 (s.c.) were also reversed by the selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist beta-funaltrexamine (4.7 nmol per mouse, i.c.v.), and kappa-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (4.9 nmol per mouse, i.t.). In the hot-plate test, the antinociceptive effect of SK-9709 (s.c., i.c.v. and i.t.) was also dose-dependent with the maximal peak effect at 120, 15 and 15 min similarly to the acetic acid-induced writhing test. The antinociceptive effects were dose-dependent and ED(50) values (range of 95% confidence limits) after s.c., i.c.v. and i.t. injection were 39.1 (5.4 - 283.0) micromol kg(-1), 6.5 (4.0 - 10.7) and 7.4 (5.0 - 11.0) nmol per mouse, respectively. These findings indicated that systemically administered SK-9709 produced long-lasting antinociceptive effects and these effects were mediated by both supra-spinal mu- and spinal kappa-opioid receptors.
authors: Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan. mhiramt@meijo-u.ac.jp
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hiramatsu
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Inoue
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ambo
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Sasaki
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kameyama
mesh_terms: D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019342:Acetic Acid; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006358:Hot Temperature; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D051379:Mice; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; C430587:SK9709; C061285:E 2078; D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; D004399:Dynorphins; D019342:Acetic Acid