title: The effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines in a high risk population measured using immunization register data.
abstract: The Northern Territory of Australia has had historically very high incidence rates of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children less than 5 years of age, with the burden of disease greatest among Aboriginal infants less than 12 months. This study documents the impact of conjugate Hib vaccines introduced in 1993. Immunization rates were monitored using an existing immunization register, and case finding was done retrospectively using hospital and laboratory records. Following the vaccine introduction, the incidence fell abruptly to a seventh of its pre-vaccination level, in both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. The effectiveness of PRP-OMPC (PedvaxHIB) was 97.5% and the overall effectiveness of the vaccination programme was 86.3%. The study shows Hib immunization as an effective intervention while discussing continuing needs for Hib control in high risk populations. It also illustrates the benefit of immunization registers in the evaluation of immunization programmes and assessment of vaccine effectiveness.
authors: Centre for Disease Control, Territory Health Services, Darwin, Australia.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Markey
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Krause
authors: J W
authors: JW
authors: Boslego
authors: P M
authors: PM
authors: Coplan
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Dargan
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D016667:Bacterial Capsules; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015876:Northern Territory / Q000453:epidemiology; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; C044237:Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate