Pleiotropic roles of formyl peptide receptors.
FPR and FPRL1 belong to the seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor superfamily. Because of their capacity to interact with bacterial chemotactic formylated peptides, these receptors are thought to play a role in host defense against microbial infection. Recently, a variety of novel agonists have been identified for these receptors, including several host-derived endogenous molecules that are involved in proinflammatory responses. Most notably is the use of FPRL1 by at least three amyloidogenic protein and peptide ligands, the serum amyloid A (SAA), the 42 amino acid form of beta amyloid (Abeta(42)), and the prion peptide PrP106-126, to chemoattract and activate human phagocytic leukocytes. These new findings have greatly expanded the functional scope of the formyl peptide receptors and call for more in-depth investigation of the role of these receptors in pathophysiological conditions.
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Y
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Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. ley@mail.ncifcrf.gov
Oppenheim
J J
JJ
Wang
J M
JM
D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D017305:Annexin A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D017305:Annexin A1; C105101:FPR2 protein, human; D008024:Ligands; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin; D018000:Receptors, Peptide