title: Evaluation of a balanced fresh paste diet for maintenance of captive neotropical rattlesnakes used for venom production.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate efficacy of a balanced fresh paste diet for maintenance of captive neotropical rattlesnakes used for venom production.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 healthy neotropical rattlesnakes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rattlesnakes were force-fed once per week (10% of body weight) for 19 weeks; 20 control snakes received dead mice, whereas 20 test snakes received a balanced fresh paste diet. Ecdysis rates were calculated, and body weight was recorded weekly. After 19 weeks, venom was extracted and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sickness or deaths were not observed; weight loss during ecdysis and weight gain overall were similar between groups. Snakes fed the balanced fresh paste diet had similar ecdysis frequency, venom potency, and protein concentration in venom as did snakes fed mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that a balanced fresh paste diet has sufficient nutritional value to avoid weight loss and death and does not adversely affect venom quality in captive neotropical rattlesnakes.
authors: Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Divisão de Veterinária, Serpentário, Benfica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: M H
authors: MH
authors: Panizzutti
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: de Oliveria
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Barbosa
authors: P L
authors: PL
authors: Cavalcanti
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Rocha-Barbosa
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000032:analysis*; D017839:Crotalus / Q000502:physiology*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D018978:Molting
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms