title: The devastating outcome of massive subcutaneous injection of highly viscous fluids in male-to-female transsexuals.
abstract: Illicit subcutaneous injections of massive quantities of highly viscous fluids are still performed, often by unqualified persons. Fifteen male-to-female transsexuals consulted the authors regarding their devastating long-term outcomes after the injection of up to 8 liters of alleged silicone or mineral oil to feminize their bodies. After a latency period of up to 17 years, these injections led to complications ranging from scarring and deformity to infections. These patients were treated conservatively for inflammation and infection or surgically by resection of the oil-infested areas. In view of the potential dangers, feminization by the injection of high-viscosity fluids should be soundly condemned.
authors: Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Academisch Ziekenhuis Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.jorishage@inter.nl.net
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Hage
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Kanhai
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Oen
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: van Diest
authors: R B
authors: RB
authors: Karim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast; D002081:Buttocks; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005262:Feminization; D006615:Hip; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013008:Somatotypes; D013997:Time Factors; D014189:Transsexualism; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D012827:Silicone Oils; D008899:Mineral Oil