Expression of IFN-gamma-inducible protein; monocyte chemotactic proteins 1, 3, and 4; and eotaxin in TH1- and TH2-mediated lung diseases.
BACKGROUND
Chemokines are involved in the influx of leukocytes into the airways in inflammatory lung diseases. The differential cell recruitment characteristic of T(H)1 versus T(H)2 immune responses may be associated with differential chemokine expression.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated the expression of chemokines; monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCPs) 1, 3, and 4; eotaxin; and IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in both T(H)1- and T(H)2-mediated lung diseases.


METHODS
By using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, we examined the protein and mRNA expression, respectively, in bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsy samples in subjects with asthma, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and chronic bronchitis.


RESULTS
Increased immunoreactivity and mRNA expression of IP-10 and of the MCPs was found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and biopsy specimens of subjects with asthma and tuberculosis compared with that of control subjects (P <.005). IP-10, however, was particularly increased in subjects with sarcoidosis (P <.001). Eotaxin, on the other hand, was increased only in patients with asthma when compared with control subjects (P <.005).


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that MCP-1, MCP-3, and MCP-4 expression is not specifically associated with lung diseases characterized by a particular cytokine profile. In contrast, IP-10 is mostly expressed in T(H)1-mediated diseases, and eotaxin expression seems to be specifically associated with lung diseases of a T(H)2 cytokine profile.
Miotto
D
D
University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Christodoulopoulos
P
P
Olivenstein
R
R
Taha
R
R
Cameron
L
L
Tsicopoulos
A
A
Tonnel
A B
AB
Fahy
O
O
Lafitte
J J
JJ
Luster
A D
AD
Wallaert
B
B
Mapp
C E
CE
Hamid
Q
Q
D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis*; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000032:analysis*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000502:physiology*
C515456:CCL11 protein, human; C099677:CCL13 protein, human; C515450:CCL7 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins