title: Exhaled nitric oxide correlated with induced sputum findings in COPD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neutrophilic airway inflammation may underlie the pathogenesis of COPD. We examined repeated measurements of the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and the correlation with cells and mediators in induced sputum (IS) from patients with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven COPD subjects (9 men and 2 women, aged 46 to 69 years) with predicted FEV(1) of 45 to 70%.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-cohort, prospective study with four visits at two weekly intervals.
  
  
  METHODS
  FENO and spirometry were assessed at all visits, and IS for differential cell count, leukotriene-B(4) (LTB(4)) and interleukin (IL)-8, nitrite, and nitrate at visit 1, visit 3, and visit 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study, there were significant declines in mean percent predicted FEV(1), from 55.2 to 51.6% (p = 0.029), and mean FEV(1)/FVC ratio, from 50.4 to 45.4% (p = 0.001), accompanied by a significant increase in FENO geometric mean (95% confidence limits), from 15.2 (10.9 to 21.2) to 23.6 (17.1 to 32.4) parts per billion (p = 0.037), and sputum LTB(4), from 1.79 (1.03 to 3.11) to 3.57 (1.95 to 6.53) ng/mL (p = 0.033), but no significant change in other sputum parameters. From visits 1 to 4, the change in percent neutrophils correlated with the changes in FENO and IL-8 (r = 0.648, p = 0.028; r = 0.60, p = 0.05, respectively). Hypertonic saline solution induction of sputum caused a fall in FEV(1), from 1.83 +/- 0.44 to 1.46 +/- 0.44 L (p = 0.049).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The worsening spirometry results were accompanied by significant increases in FENO and sputum LTB(4). FENO may be related to neutrophilic inflammation driven by the chemoattractant IL-8. FENO and IS may be useful markers of airway inflammation in COPD patients. Sputum induction with hypertonic saline solution causes a significant fall in FEV(1) requiring appropriate caution.
authors: Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA. silkoffp@njc.org
authors: P E
authors: PE
authors: Silkoff
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Martin
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Pak
authors: J Y
authors: JY
authors: Westcott
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Martin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001944:Breath Tests; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000032:analysis; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013147:Spirometry; D013183:Sputum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology*; D014797:Vital Capacity
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D009569:Nitric Oxide