title: Sealer distribution in root canals obturated by three techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to observe sealer distribution in root canals filled by different root filling techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  AH26 (0.05 mL) dyed with carbon black powder was placed into the prepared root canals of maxillary central incisors using a lentulo spiral. Thereafter the canals were obturated using three different gutta-percha root-filling techniques. Horizontal sections were cut in the apical and middle portions of the filled canals. Images of the cross sections were scanned and the percentage of sealer coated canal perimeter (PSCP) was measured using a computer digital imaging system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 mm from the apex, the PSCP after lateral condensation was similar to that after vertical condensation (P > 0.05). At 6 mm from the apex, however, the PSCP was significantly higher after lateral condensation than after vertical condensation (P < 0.05). At both levels the PSCP was significantly higher after single cone (no condensation) than after the other two condensation techniques (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sealer may be removed from the canal wall by the condensation procedures.
authors: Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Louwesweg 1, 1066 EA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Wu
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Ozok
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Wesselink
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007180:Incisor; D008709:Methenamine / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012834:Silver; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; D002244:Carbon; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D014025:Titanium; D008709:Methenamine; D001729:Bismuth