Self-administration cues as signals: drug self-administration and tolerance.
There is evidence that drug-associated exteroceptive cues elicit compensatory conditional responses (CCRs) that contribute to tolerance. The authors evaluated whether interoceptive, self-administration cues (SACs) similarly contribute to tolerance. In Experiments 1 and 2, the ataxic effect of ethanol was measured in rats that self-administered (SA) ethanol--by either oral consumption or intragastric infusion--and in rats that were yoked (Y) to these self-administrators. In both experiments, the ataxic effect of ethanol was more pronounced in Y than in SA rats. In addition, SA rats failed to display usual levels of tolerance when ethanol was administered in the absence of SACs and displayed a CCR of hypertaxia in response to SACs not followed by ethanol. The results of Experiment 3 indicate that the ataxic effect of intravenous heroin also was greater in Y than in SA rats. The findings suggest that SACs contribute to drug tolerance.
Weise-Kelly
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Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Siegel
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S
D000818:Animals; D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003463:Cues; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003932:Heroin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012646:Self Administration
D009294:Narcotics; D000431:Ethanol; D003932:Heroin