A case-acquisition and decision-support system for the analysis of group-average lactation curves.
A case-acquisition and decision-support system was developed to support the analysis of group-average lactation curves and to acquire example cases from domain specialists. This software was developed through several iterations of a three-step approach involving 1) problem analysis and formulation in consultation with two dairy nutrition specialists; 2) development of a case-acquisition and decision-support prototype by the system developer; and 3) use of the prototype by the domain specialists to analyze and classify milk-recording data from example herds. The overall problem was decomposed into three subproblems: removal of outlier tests and lactation curves of individual cows; interpretation of group-average lactation curves; and diagnosis of detected abnormalities at the herd level through the identification of potential management deficiencies. For each subproblem, a software module was developed allowing the user to analyze both graphical and numerical performance representations and classify these representations using predefined linguistic descriptors. The example-based method for the development of the program proved to be very useful, facilitating the communication between system developer and domain specialists, and allowing the specialists to explore the appropriateness of the various prototypes developed. The resulting software represents a formalization of the approach to group-average lactation curve analysis, elicited from the two domain specialists. In future research, the case-acquisition and decision-support system will be complemented with knowledge to automate identified classification tasks, which will be captured through the application of machine-learning techniques to example cases, acquired from domain specialists using the software.
Pietersma
D
D
Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC Canada.
Lacroix
R
R
Lefebvre
D
D
Block
T E
TE
Wade
K M
KM
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003612:Dairying / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008954:Models, Biological; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012985:Software Design