title: Interferential therapy electrode placement technique in acute low back pain: a preliminary investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of interferential therapy (IFT) electrode placement technique compared with a control treatment in subjects with acute low back pain (LBP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with a 3-month follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient physiotherapy departments in hospital and university settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 60 eligible patients with back pain (28 men, 32 women) were recruited by general practitioners and self-referral for physiotherapy treatment and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) "IFT painful area" and The Back Book, (2) "IFT spinal nerve" and The Back Book, and (3) "Control," The Back Book only. Standardized IFT stimulation parameters were used: carrier frequency 3.85 kHz; 140 Hz constant; pulse duration 130 micros; 30 minutes' duration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain Rating Index, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and EuroQol were completed by subjects pretreatment, at discharge, and 3-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups had significant improvements in all outcomes at follow-up. Subjects managed by IFT spinal nerve and The Back Book displayed both a statistically significant (p = .030) and clinically meaningful reduction in functional disability (RMDQ), compared with management via IFT painful area and The Back Book combined or The Back Book alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings showed that IFT electrode placement technique affects LBP-specific functional disability, providing preliminary implications for future clinical studies.
authors: Rehabilitation Sciences Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland. dh.hurley@ulst.ac.uk
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Hurley
authors: P M
authors: PM
authors: Minder
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: McDonough
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Walsh
authors: A P
authors: AP
authors: Moore
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Baxter
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome