title: Methotrexate stimulates lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells to release eosinophil chemotactic activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if methotrexate (MTX) induces human lung fibroblast (HFL-1) and epithelial (BEAS 2B) cell lines to release eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA).
  
  
  METHODS
  HFL-1 and BEAS 2B cell supernatant fluids were evaluated for ECA by a blind well chamber technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HFL-1 and BEAS-2B cells released ECA in a dose and time dependent manner in response to MTX. Partial characterization revealed that ECA was partly heat labile, trypsin sensitive, and ethylacetate extractable. Thus the culture supernatant fluids were evaluated for known eosinophil chemotactic factors. Although several were released constitutively, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was significantly increased in response to MTX from both cell types. Consistent with these observations, ECA from both cell types was inhibited by GM-CSF antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells may modulate eosinophil recruitment into the lung by releasing ECA in response to MTX.
authors: Research Service, Southern Arizona Veterans Health Care System, Tucson, USA.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sato
authors: S L
authors: SL
authors: Camhi
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Koyama
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Robbins
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000276:immunology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000494:pharmacology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D018102:Receptors, Leukotriene B4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; C515456:CCL11 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D015848:Interleukin-5; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D018102:Receptors, Leukotriene B4; C067523:ONO-LB 457; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D008727:Methotrexate