title: Hepatic disposition of fexofenadine: influence of the transport inhibitors erythromycin and dibromosulphothalein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the disposition of fexofenadine in the isolated perfused rat liver and the influence of erythromycin and dibromosulphthalein (DBSP) on the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of fexofenadine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Livers from four groups of rats were perfused in a recirculatory manner with fexofenadine HCl added as a bolus (125, 250, 500, or 1000 microg) to perfusate. Livers from another three groups of rats were perfused with 250 microg of fexofenadine HCl. With one group as control, erythromycin (4.0 microg/ml) or DBSP (136 microg/ml) was added to the perfusate of the other groups. In all experiments, perfusate and bile were collected for 60 min; in addition, livers from the second experiment were retained for assay. Fexofenadine was determined in perfusate, bile, and homogenized liver by HPLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The area under the curve (AUC) of fexofenadine was linearly related to concentration. It was unchanged from control (12,800 +/- 200 ng x h/ml) by erythromycin (14,400 +/- 2000 ng x h/ml), but was increased 95% by DBSP (25,000 +/- 2600 ng x h/ml, P <0.001). The ratios of the concentrations of fexofenadine in liver/perfusate were decreased significantly by DBSP; those for bile/liver were increased by erythromycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Erythromycin reduced the canalicular transport of fexofenadine into bile, whereas DBSP reduced uptake across the sinusoidal membrane.
authors: Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. robert.milne@unisa.edu.au
authors: R W
authors: RW
authors: Milne
authors: L A
authors: LA
authors: Larsen
authors: K L
authors: KL
authors: Jørgensen
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Bastlund
authors: G R
authors: GR
authors: Stretch
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Evans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001646:Bile / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein / Q000378:metabolism*; D016593:Terfenadine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein; C012479:dibromosulphthalein; D004917:Erythromycin; D016593:Terfenadine; C093230:fexofenadine