Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity in rural Mapuche population from Chile.
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and obesity in the Mapuche natives from rural areas in Chile. This cross-sectional study involved men (n = 95) and women (n = 224) older than 20 y from an aboriginal ethnic group (Mapuches), residing in rural communities from the south of Chile. Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and IGT was calculated according to the World Health Organization criteria. Data on age, degree of ancestral purity, obesity, and hypertension were also obtained. The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in rural Mapuche natives was estimated as 3.2% (95% CI: 0.7--9.0) in men and 4.5% (95% CI: 2.2--8.1) in women. The overall prevalence of obesity was 56.1% (95% CI: 50.5--61.6): 40.0% (95% CI: 30.1--40.8) in men and 62.9% (95% CI: 56.3--69.3) in women (P value < 0.001). These data suggest that the prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes has been increasing during recent years in the Mapuche communities. The prevalence estimated in this study is higher than that reported 15 y ago. This suggests an important role of lifestyle changes as a possible explanation for epidemiologic transition.
Pérez-Bravo
F
F
Molecular Biology Laboratory, INTA-University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. fperez@uec.inta.uchile.cl
Carrasco
E
E
Santos
J L
JL
Calvillán
M
M
Larenas
G
G
Albala
C
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000208:ethnology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000208:ethnology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D012424:Rural Population