Effects of carrier release kinetics on bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced periodontal regeneration in vivo.
BACKGROUND
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have shown considerable promise as a therapeutic agent to enhance periodontal regeneration although the optimal characteristics of a suitable release system are not known.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of slow and fast degrading gelatin carriers on BMP-2-induced periodontal healing.


METHODS
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was incorporated into gelatin and subsequently differentially cross-linked to produce slow and fast release carrier systems. Release kinetics were confirmed in vitro, by measuring release of 125I-growth hormone from similar gelatin plugs. Effects of BMP were evaluated in surgically created rat periodontal fenestration defects which were processed for histology 10 days post-operatively. The rats were divided into 4 groups and the control defects were treated with either slow or fast degrading gelatin (CONs or CONf respectively), whilst test groups were treated with 1.25 microg rhBMP-2 in the slow or fast degrading gelatin (BMPs or BMPf respectively).


RESULTS
BMPf greatly increased bone formation compared with the control (CONf) (1.67 +/- 0.65 versus 0.34 +/- 0.11 x 10(-4) m2), but no significant differences were observed with BMPs and CONs. In contrast, new cementum formation was significantly greater in the BMPs group compared with all other groups (p<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Release kinetics of BMP may have important effects on the outcome of BMP-induced periodontal regeneration. New bone formation may be affected by rapid-release kinetics although further investigation is necessary to confirm this. In contrast, new cementum formation is promoted by slow release of BMP.
Talwar
R
R
Department of Periodontology, St Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, UK.
Di Silvio
L
L
Hughes
F J
FJ
King
G N
GN
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D005782:Gels; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2