title: Synthesis and pharmacology of 3-isoxazolol amino acids as selective antagonists at group I metabotropic glutamic acid receptors.
abstract: Using ibotenic acid (2) as a lead, two series of 3-isoxazolol amino acid ligands for (S)-glutamic acid (Glu, 1) receptors have been developed. Whereas analogues of (RS)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid [AMPA, (RS)-3] interact selectively with ionotropic Glu receptors (iGluRs), the few analogues of (RS)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-isoxazolyl)propionic acid [HIBO, (RS)-4] so far known typically interact with iGluRs as well as metabotropic Glu receptors (mGluRs). We here report the synthesis and pharmacology of a series of 4-substituted analogues of HIBO. The hexyl analogue 9 was shown to be an antagonist at group I mGluRs. The effects of 9 were shown to reside exclusively in (S)-9 (K(b) = 30 microM at mGlu(1) and K(b) = 61 microM at mGlu(5)). The lower homologue of 9, compound 8, showed comparable effects at mGluRs, but 8 also was a weak agonist at the AMPA subtype of iGluRs. Like 9, the higher homologue, compound 10, did not interact with iGluRs, but 10 selectively antagonized mGlu(1) (K(b) = 160 microM) showing very weak antagonist effect at mGlu(5) (K(b) = 990 microM). The phenyl analogue 11 turned out to be an AMPA agonist and an antagonist at mGlu(1) and mGlu(5), and these effects were shown to originate in (S)-11 (EC(50) = 395 microM, K(b) = 86 and 90 microM, respectively). Compound 9, administered icv, but not sc, was shown to protect mice against convulsions induced by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA). Compounds 9 and 11 were resolved using chiral HPLC, and the configurational assignments of the enantiomers were based on X-ray crystallographic analyses.
authors: Centre for Drug Design and Transport, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. um@dfh.dk
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Madsen
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Bräuner-Osborne
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Frydenvang
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Hvene
authors: T N
authors: TN
authors: Johansen
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Nielsen
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Sánchez
authors: T B
authors: TB
authors: Stensbøl
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Bischoff
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Krogsgaard-Larsen
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016466:CHO Cells; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006224:Cricetinae; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004594:Electrophysiology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011422:Propionates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: C424724:2-amino-3-(4-hexyl-3-hydroxy-5-isoxazolyl)propionic acid; D000596:Amino Acids; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D007555:Isoxazoles; D008024:Ligands; D011422:Propionates; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1