title: Fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray reduces inflammatory cells in unchallenged allergic nasal mucosa: effects of single allergen challenge.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Topical corticosteroid therapy reduces symptoms and nasal mucosal inflammatory cells in patients with allergic rhinitis. Usually patients are advised to start their medication (1 week) before the beginning of the pollen season. The effect of pretreatment with a topical corticosteroid on unchallenged nasal mucosa is not well documented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effect of 6 weeks' pretreatment with 200 microg twice daily fluticasone propionate on nasal symptoms and inflammatory cell numbers after nasal allergen provocation in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis were treated for a 6-week period out of the grass pollen season. After completing the treatment period, patients were challenged with grass pollen. Nasal mucosal biopsy specimens were taken 5 times in every patient. In nasal mucosa changes in numbers of T cells, B cells, mast cells, eosinophils, macrophages, and Langerhans' cells were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 4 weeks of treatment but before allergen provocation, significantly fewer epithelial Langerhans' cells, macrophages, mast cells, T cells, and eosinophils were found in the fluticasone propionate group compared with those found in the placebo group. In the lamina propria significantly fewer Langerhans' cells and eosinophils were found in the fluticasone propionate group. Cell influx in nasal mucosa after allergen provocation was significantly inhibited in the fluticasone propionate group compared with that in the placebo group for epithelial Langerhans' cells, mast cells, macrophages, and T cells and for lamina propria eosinophils, mast cells, Langerhans' cells, macrophages, and T cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluticasone propionate is effective in reducing early- and late-phase nasal symptoms. Topical corticosteroid treatment reduces inflammatory cells in unchallenged nasal mucosa.
authors: Departments of Otorhinolaryngology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Holm
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dijkstra
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kleinjan
authors: L A
authors: LA
authors: Severijnen
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Boks
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Mulder
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Fokkens
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000068298:Fluticasone