title: Penetration of bacteria in bovine root dentine in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop a test model to quantify the penetration of bacteria into dentinal tubules.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model consisted of two compartments separated by a bovine dentine specimen with a thickness of 1.5-3.1 mm. The root cementum was removed from the root surface and the specimens were oriented in the model with the pulpal side facing the inoculated chamber of the test model. One compartment contained the test organism and the other was filled with sterile broth that was evaluated for growth of the test organism. The depth of bacterial penetration was measured in the dentine with or without a smear layer using both a histological and a quantitative recovering grinding technique, after 6 weeks of exposure to the microorganisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  E. faecalis penetrated dentine significantly deeper than A. israelii (P < 0.001). After removal of the smear layer with EDTA, E. faecalis penetrated significantly deeper than in dentine pretreated with saline only (P < 0.01) or with a combination of saline and sodium hypochlorite (P < 0.01). Microorganisms were found in 89% of the cultured specimens and in 80% of the specimens that were evaluated with light microscopy. Total penetration through the dentine specimen and infection of the broth in the test compartment of the model occurred in only two out of 72 specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collection and immediate culturing of infected dentine dust and counting colony forming units (CFU) allowed an overview of the number of bacteria per sample and was more sensitive than microscopy. Removal of the smear layer enhanced bacterial penetration.
authors: Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: L B
authors: LB
authors: Peters
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Wesselink
authors: W R
authors: WR
authors: Moorer
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002614:Chelating Agents; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004202:Disinfectants; D004492:Edetic Acid; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D004202:Disinfectants; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite