title: Antigenic and genetic characterization of swine influenza A (H1N1) viruses isolated from pneumonia patients in The Netherlands.
abstract: It is generally believed that pigs can serve as an intermediate host for the transmission of avian influenza viruses to humans or as mixing vessels for the generation of avian-human reassortant viruses. Here we describe the antigenic and genetic characterization of two influenza A (H1N1) viruses, which were isolated in The Netherlands from two patients who suffered from pneumonia. Both viruses proved to be antigenically and genetically similar to avian-like swine influenza A (H1N1) viruses which currently circulate in European pigs. It is concluded that European swine H1N1 viruses can infect humans directly, causing serious disease without the need for any reassortment event.
authors: Institute of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3000 DR, The Netherlands. rimmelzwaan@viro.fgg.eur.nl
authors: G F
authors: GF
authors: Rimmelzwaan
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: de Jong
authors: T M
authors: TM
authors: Bestebroer
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: van Loon
authors: E C
authors: EC
authors: Claas
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Fouchier
authors: A D
authors: AD
authors: Osterhaus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005289:Ferrets; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009426:Netherlands; D010802:Phylogeny; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013552:Swine / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D007106:Immune Sera