Incidence of keratoconus in subjects with vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a videokeratographic study.
OBJECTIVE
To detect the incidence of keratoconus by videography in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and to evaluate the clinical characteristics of VKC associated with keratoconus.


METHODS
a prospective, cross-sectional (prevalence) study.


METHODS
Eighty-two consecutive subjects with the diagnosis of VKC.


METHODS
Both eyes of VKC subjects were investigated by videokeratography in comparison with slit-lamp biomicroscopy and keratometry. To detect keratoconus, corneal topography maps were examined with modified Robinowitz-McDonnell test.


METHODS
In this test, maps with central corneal power greater than 47.2 diopters and/or the inferosuperior asymmetry value greater than 1.4 were considered to have a keratoconus pattern. The findings of VKC were also recorded,


RESULTS
The distribution of clinical forms of VKC were as follows: 46.34% mixed, 43.90% palpebral, and 9.76% limbal types. Twenty-six (31.7%) of 82 subjects had complications with keratopathy such as pseudo-genontoxon, punctate keratitis, and shield ulcer. Forty-four eyes (26.8%) were detected as keratoconus by quantitative evaluation of videokeratography maps. 14 eyes (8.5%) by biomicroscopy, and 30 eyes (18.3%) by keratometry. The increased incidence of keratoconus was associated with male gender, long-standing disease, mixed and palpebral forms, and advanced corneal lesions.


CONCLUSIONS
The higher incidence of keratoconus in our study compared with the previous reports may result from early detection of mild keratoconus by interpretation of color-coded videokeratographic maps with a sensitive quantitative method.
Totan
Y
Y
Department of Ophthalmology, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
Hepşen
I F
IF
Cekiç
O
O
Gündüz
A
A
Aydin
E
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019781:Corneal Topography; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology