Particulate guanylyl cyclases: multiple mechanisms of activation.
Cyclic GMP (cGMP), a key messenger in several signal transduction pathways, is synthesized from GTP by a family of enzymes termed guanylyl cyclases, which are found in two forms: cytosolic (soluble) and membrane-bound (particulate). The past decade has brought significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulation of particulate guanylyl cyclases and new members of their family have been identified. It has become more evident that the basic mechanism of catalysis of guanylyl cyclases is analogous to that recognized in adenylyl cyclases. Here we review the known basic mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of particulate guanylyl cyclases.
Kobiałka
M
M
Laboratory of Signaling Proteins, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław.
Gorczyca
W A
WA
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008024:Ligands; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium