Long-term persistence of cellular immunity to Oka vaccine virus induced by pernasal co-administration with Escherichia coli enterotoxin in mice.
A mutant of Escherichia coli enterotoxin induced cellular immunity to a live varicella vaccine (the Oka strain) as a mucosal adjuvant in mice. The persistence of this cellular immunity was investigated. A commercially available live Oka vaccine virus and toxin were administered once simultaneously via the nasal route, in mice. Ten or 12 months later, a delayed-type hypersensitivity to the vaccine virus was detected by footpad test, but an antibody neutralizing the varicella-zoster virus was not. When spleen cells from mice immunized with the vaccine and toxin were re-stimulated by live vaccine in vitro, their thymidine uptake and IL-2 production were higher than those from mice immunized with the vaccine alone, but lower than those of spleen cells prepared from mice 2 months after nasal administration. Production of IL-4 in these cells, however, was not induced by re-stimulation in vitro. These results suggest that although humoral immunity for Oka vaccine virus is only weakly induced by one co-administration of the vaccine and toxin, cellular immunity is induced and maintained over 1 year, though it declines with age. The nasal administration of the vaccine and toxin might be effective for maintaining cellular immunity to the varicella-zoster virus long term.
Kamiya
N
N
Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Aichi, Japan.
Asano
Y
Y
Yoshino
J
J
Sasaki
K
K
Honma
Y
Y
Kawase
H
H
Yokochi
T
T
Shiraki
K
K
Tsuji
T
T
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005260:Female; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009154:Mutation; D013997:Time Factors
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015847:Interleukin-4; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli