title: Secretion of dopamine and norepinephrine in hypophyseal portal blood and prolactin in peripheral blood of Holstein cattle.
abstract: The objective was to test the hypothesis that dopamine regulates prolactin (PRL) secretion by determining acute changes in catecholamine concentrations in hypophyseal portal blood of cattle, and their relation to peripheral blood concentration of PRL in hypophyseal stalk-transected (HST) and sham-operated controls (SOC). Holstein heifers (606 +/- 21 kg BW; mean +/- SE) were subjected to neurosurgery for 8 h to collect hypophyseal portal blood with a stainless steel cannula designed with a cuff placed under the pituitary stalk and peripheral blood via a jugular vein catheter. PRL plasma concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay, and dopamine and norepinephrine in portal plasma by radioenzymatic assay. During anesthesia before HST or SOC, PRL plasma concentration ranged from 20-40 ng/ml throughout 255 min. PRL abruptly increased and remained above 90 ng/ml after HST compared with a steady decrease to <20 ng/ml in SOC heifers throughout 440 min. Within 5 min after severing the hypophyseal stalk, dopamine in portal blood (>8 ng/ml) was significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with peripheral blood (<2 ng/ml). Norepinephrine concentration in portal blood was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than in peripheral blood during the first 60 min. The sustained high PRL level in peripheral plasma after severing the hypophyseal stalk stimulated hypothalamic dopamine secretion from hypophyseal portal vessels during the prolonged period of blood collection. Norepinephrine concentration in these cattle was greater in hypophyseal portal than in peripheral blood, implicating both an important hypothalamic source of the catecholamine as well as an adrenal gland contribution during anesthesia.
authors: Renessen L.L.C., Bannockburn, IL 60015, USA.
authors: D L
authors: DL
authors: Hard
authors: R K
authors: RK
authors: Bhatnagar
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Molina
authors: L L
authors: LL
authors: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D011168:Portal System; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D011388:Prolactin; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine