Soluble interleukin-1 receptor--reverse signaling in innate immunoregulation.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is one of the most important proinflammatory cytokines, regulating immunological and inflammatory processes. It induces a very efficient and self-amplifying cytokine-network. The action of IL-1 must, therefore, be under tight control. Soluble IL-1 receptor was thought to be an efficient negative regulator of the IL-1 signaling system. However, recent studies in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that soluble IL-1 receptor can act as an agonist as well, inducing intracellular signaling events. This feature of soluble IL-1 receptor adds a new level of complexity to our understanding of ligand-receptor cross-talk and cell-to-cell communication.
Spörri
B
B
ZLB Bioplasma AG, Research and Development, CH-3000 22, Bern, Switzerland. bernhard.spoerri@zlb.com
Bickel
M
M
Dobbelaere
D
D
Machado
J
J
Lottaz
D
D
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism*; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins