title: Micronucleus formation in human lymphocytes and in the metabolically competent human hepatoma cell line Hep-G2: results with 15 naturally occurring substances.
abstract: To examine the concordance of two metabolizing systems for use in genotoxocity testing with the micronucleus test, 15 naturally occurring substances (arecoline, the plant extract aristolochic acid, beta-asarone, benzyl acetate, coumarin, emodine, isatidine dihydrate, monocrotaline, psoralen, reserpine, retrorsine, safrole, sanguinarine chloride, tannin and thiourea) were tested for their genotoxicity in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test in vitro with human lymphocytes and in the presence and the absence of an exogenous metabolizing system from rat liver S9-mix and the metabolically competent human hepatoma cell line Hep-G2. Arecoline, the plant extract aristolochic acid, psoralen and tannin caused a significant increase in the number of micronuclei in human lymphocytes in the presence and the absence of an exogenous metabolising system from rat liver S9-mix and the metabolically competent human hepatoma cell line Hep-G2. A significant increase in the number of micronuclei with beta-asarone, coumarin, monocrotaline and retrorsine could be detected in the presence of S9-mix and the cell line Hep-G2. Benzyl acetate, emodine, isatidine dihydrate, reserpine, safrole, sanguinarine chloride and thiourea did not reveal any micronucleus inducing activity in either human lymphocytes or in Hep-G2. In addition to the other Hep-G2 results in the literature, this human hepatoma cell line could have a useful potential in the in vitro micronucleus test.
authors: Medical Institute of General Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Göttingen, Windausweg 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. skeveko@gmx.net
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kevekordes
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Spielberger
authors: C M
authors: CM
authors: Burghaus
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Birkenkamp
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Zietz
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Paufler
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Diez
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Bolten
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Dunkelberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000633:toxicity; D001688:Biological Products / Q000633:toxicity; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008110:Liver Extracts / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D001688:Biological Products; D008110:Liver Extracts; D009153:Mutagens