title: Understanding refraction and accommodation through "retinal imaging" aberrometry: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A new form of aberrometry based on Tscherning optics has been proposed that captures the refraction and high-order aberrations of the eye with and without accommodation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental clinical optics study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A green neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser grid pattern is projected into the eye and viewed on the retina through a narrow, collimated aperture of 1 mm. The resulting aberrated pattern is photographically recorded in a normal eye in the unaccommodated and accommodated state through a pharmacologically dilated pupil without cycloplegia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detection of pupil-dependent refraction and high-order optical aberration with and without accommodation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subtle pupil-dependent errors in refraction and high-order aberrations (spherical aberrations and coma) are demonstrated in the unaccommodated normal eye. Accommodation reveals slightly more spherical power through the central 3-mm zone than through a 6.5-mm pupil without significant increase in aberration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tscherning aberrometry based on 'retinal imaging' is useful in defining the refraction and optical aberrations in a normal eye. Accommodation increases spherical refractive power with only small aberration changes, including negative asphericity.
authors: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cole Eye Institute, Department of Refractive Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, 9500 Euclid Avenue/i32, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: R R
authors: RR
authors: Krueger
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mrochen
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kaemmerer
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Seiler
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D006801:Humans; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*