title: Partial-body exposure of human volunteers to 2450 MHz pulsed or CW fields provokes similar thermoregulatory responses.
abstract: Many reports describe data showing that continuous wave (CW) and pulsed (PW) radiofrequency (RF) fields, at the same frequency and average power density (PD), yield similar response changes in the exposed organism. During whole-body exposure of squirrel monkeys at 2450 MHz CW and PW fields, heat production and heat loss responses were nearly identical. To explore this question in humans, we exposed two different groups of volunteers to 2450 MHz CW (two females, five males) and PW (65 micros pulse width, 10(4) pps; three females, three males) RF fields. We measured thermophysiological responses of heat production and heat loss (esophageal and six skin temperatures, metabolic heat production, local skin blood flow, and local sweat rate) under a standardized protocol (30 min baseline, 45 min RF or sham exposure, 10 min baseline), conducted in three ambient temperatures (T(a) = 24, 28, and 31 degrees C). At each T(a), average PDs studied were 0, 27, and 35 mW/cm2 (Specific absorption rate (SAR) = 0, 5.94, and 7.7 W/kg). Mean data for each group showed minimal changes in core temperature and metabolic heat production for all test conditions and no reliable differences between CW and PW exposure. Local skin temperatures showed similar trends for CW and PW exposure that were PD-dependent; only the skin temperature of the upper back (facing the antenna) showed a reliably greater increase (P =.005) during PW exposure than during CW exposure. Local sweat rate and skin blood flow were both T(a)- and PD-dependent and showed greater variability than other measures between CW and PW exposures; this variability was attributable primarily to the characteristics of the two subject groups. With one noted exception, no clear evidence for a differential response to CW and PW fields was found.
authors: US Air Force Research Laboratory, HEDR, Brooks AFB, Texas 78235-5324, USA. Eeleanor.adair@he.brooks.af.mil
authors: E R
authors: ER
authors: Adair
authors: K S
authors: KS
authors: Mylacraine
authors: B L
authors: BL
authors: Cobb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013546:Sweating / Q000502:physiology; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000502:physiology