title: Photoinhibition of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in State 1 and State 2: damages to the photosynthetic apparatus under linear and cyclic electron flow.
abstract: The relationship between state transitions and photoinhibition has been studied in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells. In State 2, photosystem II activity was more inhibited by light than in State 1. In State 2, however, the D1 subunit was not degraded, whereas a substantial degradation was observed in State 1. These results suggest that photoinhibition occurs via the generation of an intermediate state in which photosystem II is inactive but the D1 protein is still intact. The accumulation of this state is enhanced in State 2, because in this State only cyclic photosynthetic electron transport is active, whereas there is no electron flow between photosystem II and the cytochrome b(6)f complex (Finazzi, G., Furia, A., Barbagallo, R. P., and Forti, G. (1999) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1413, 117-129). The activity of photosystem I and of cytochrome b(6)f as well as the coupling of thylakoid membranes was not affected by illumination under the same conditions. This allows repairing the damages to photosystem II thanks to cell capacity to maintain a high rate of ATP synthesis (via photosystem I-driven cyclic electron flow). This capacity might represent an important physiological tool in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from excess of light as well as from other a-biotic stress conditions.
authors: Centro di Studio del CNR sulla Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare delle Piante, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy. giovanni.finazzi@unimi.it
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Finazzi
authors: R P
authors: RP
authors: Barbagallo
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Bergo
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Barbato
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Forti
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000378:metabolism; D045346:Cytochrome b6f Complex; D004583:Electrons; D007700:Kinetics; D008027:Light; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex
chemical_list: D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D045346:Cytochrome b6f Complex