The winged helix/forkhead transcription factor Foxq1 regulates differentiation of hair in satin mice.
Satin (sa) homozygous mice have a silky coat with high sheen arising from structurally abnormal medulla cells and defects in differentiation of the hair shaft. We demonstrate that the winged helix/forkhead transcription factor, Foxq1 (Forkhead box, subclass q, member 1) is mutant in sa mice. An intragenic deletion was identified in the radiation-induced satin mutant of the SB/Le inbred strain; a second allele, identified by an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen, has a missense mutation in the conserved winged helix DNA-binding domain. Homozygous mutants of the two alleles are indistinguishable. We show that Foxq1 is expressed during embryogenesis and exhibits a tissue-restricted expression pattern in adult tissues. The hair defects appear to be restricted to the inner structures of the hair; consequently, Foxq1 has a unique and distinct function involved in differentiation and development of the hair shaft. Despite an otherwise healthy appearance, satin mice have been reported to exhibit suppressed NK-cell function and alloimmune cytotoxic T-cell function. We show instead that the immune defects are attributable to genetic background differences.
Hong
H K
HK
Noveroske
J K
JK
Headon
D J
DJ
Liu
T
T
Sy
M S
MS
Justice
M J
MJ
Chakravarti
A
A
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C484579:FOXQ1 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C484580:FoxQ1 protein, rat; C107579:Foxq1 protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C090140:Whn protein; D007633:Keratins