title: Measurement of clinical reflective capacity early in training as a predictor of clinical reasoning performance at the end of residency: an experimental study on the script concordance test.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The script concordance (SC) test was conceived to measure knowledge organization, the presence of links between items of knowledge which allow for interpretation of data in clinical decision making situations. Earlier studies have shown that the SC test has good psychometric qualities and overcomes some of the limitations of simulation clinical testing. This study explores the predictive validity of the test.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether scores obtained by students at the end of clerkship predict their clinical reasoning performance at the end of residency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of scores obtained on a SC test taken at the end of clerkship with those obtained 2 years later at the end of residency on two clinical reasoning assessments of known validity, called the short-answer management problems (SAMPs) and the simulated office orals (SOOs), and an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) aimed at assessing hands-on skills and clinical reasoning. Data were treated by Pearson correlation analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 24 students from a medical school in Quebec was followed up to the end of their residency in family medicine, completed in several schools across Quebec.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The observed Pearson correlation coefficients of the SC test were statistically significant (0.451, P=0.013; 0.447; P=0.015) when compared with the SAMPs and the SOOs, respectively. They were not statistically significant (0.340, P=0.052) when compared with the OSCE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors assumed that the richness of knowledge organization, as indicated by SC test scores, would predict part of the performance on the measures of clinical reasoning (SAMP and SOO), but would predict less well performance on the OSCE which measures both clinical skills and clinical reasoning. Data found in the study are coherent with this hypothesis. This is evidence in favour of the construct validity of the SC test. It also indicates that, in the context of certification assessment, if a candidate has shown good organization of clinical knowledge at an early point in training, it can be expected that he/she will show good organization at subsequent measurements of this kind of knowledge. This appears to be true even if the later measures bear on a wider clinical domain.
authors.affiliation: Evaluation Center for Health Sciences, Laval University Medical School, Québec G1K 7P4, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brailovsky
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charlin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beausoleil
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coté
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van der Vleuten
mesh_terms: D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D002983:Clinical Competence; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000592:standards*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D011792:Quebec; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013850:Thinking