title: Preoperative hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy in resectable esophageal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the local control rates, survival rates, and patterns of failure for esophageal cancer patients receiving preoperative concurrent chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiotherapy followed by esophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 1993 through January 1997, 94 patients with resectable esophageal cancers received continuous hyperfractionated radiation (4,800 cGy/40 fx/4 weeks), with concurrent FP chemotherapy (5-FU 1 g/m(2)/day, days 2-6, 30-34, CDDP 60 mg/m(2)/day, days 1, 29) followed by esophagectomy 3-4 weeks later. If there was evidence of disease progression on preoperative re-evaluation work-up, or if the patient refused surgery, definitive chemoradiotherapy was delivered. Minimum follow-up time was 2 years. RESULTS; All patients successfully completed preoperative treatment and were then followed until death. Fifty-three patients received surgical resection, and another 30 were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Eleven patients did not receive further treatment. Among 91 patients who received clinical reevaluation, we observed 35 having clinical complete response (CR) (38.5%). Pathologic CR rate was 49% (26 patients). Overall survival rate was 59.8% at 2 years and 40.3% at 5 years. Median survival time was 32 months. In 83 patients who were treated with surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy, the esophagectomy group showed significantly higher survival, disease-free survival, and local disease-free survival rates than those in the definitive chemoradiation group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative chemoradiotherapy in this trial showed improved clinical and pathologic tumor response and survival when compared to historical results. Patients who underwent esophagectomy following chemoradiation showed decreased local recurrence and improved survival and disease-free survival rates compared to the definitive chemoradiation group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Esophageal Disease Study Group, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan Medical College, 388-1 Poongnap-Dong, Songpa-Ku, Seoul 138-736, South Korea. jhkim2@www.amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil