title: Association and spreading of the Drosophila dosage compensation complex from a discrete roX1 chromatin entry site.
abstract: In Drosophila, dosage compensation is controlled by the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex consisting of MSL proteins and roX RNAs. The MSL complex is specifically localized on the male X chromosome to increase its expression approximately 2-fold. We recently proposed a model for the targeted assembly of the MSL complex, in which initial binding occurs at approximately 35 dispersed chromatin entry sites, followed by spreading in cis into flanking regions. Here, we analyze one of the chromatin entry sites, the roX1 gene, to determine which sequences are sufficient to recruit the MSL complex. We found association and spreading of the MSL complex from roX1 transgenes in the absence of detectable roX1 RNA synthesis from the transgene. We mapped the recruitment activity to a 217 bp roX1 fragment that shows male-specific DNase hypersensitivity and can be preferentially cross-linked in vivo to the MSL complex. When inserted on autosomes, this small roX1 segment is sufficient to produce an ectopic chromatin entry site that can nucleate binding and spreading of the MSL complex hundreds of kilobases into neighboring regions.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mengus
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gilfillan
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stuckenholz
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004303:Dosage Compensation, Genetic; D004330:Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005091:Exons; D015870:Gene Expression; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D019076:Transgenes; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C083348:ROX1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C070837:mle protein, Drosophila; C082132:msl-1 protein, Drosophila; D004265:DNA Helicases; D020365:RNA Helicases