Oxidative pathways in cardiovascular disease: roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.
Despite some recent declines, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Most recent advances in the treatment of CVD states have been produced by inhibition of mechanisms involved in disease progress. Many studies conducted in the last decade have illustrated increased biological oxidative pathways during CVD in animals and humans. Thus, increased production of reactive oxygen species may be a unifying mechanism in CVD progression, and antioxidants may have therapeutic value in this setting. In this review we address the following questions: Do oxidative mechanisms play a role in CVD? Where do the oxidants come from? What are the relevant oxidative events? What are the therapeutic implications?
Wattanapitayakul
S K
SK
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, 10110, Bangkok, Thailand.
Bauer
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide