title: Characterization of alpha-phase soft proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides.
abstract: Waveguides in LiNbO3 are realized by a soft proton exchange (SPE) process with use of a melt of stearic acid highly diluted by lithium stearate. No phase transitions are formed when alpha-phase waveguides are obtained by SPE. The alpha-phase presents the same crystalline structure as that of pure LiNbO3 crystal, and it maintains the excellent nonlinear and electro-optical properties of the bulk material. The kinetics of the SPE method is studied by the use of secondary-ion mass spectrometry and prism-coupling techniques. The hydrogen effective diffusion coefficient as well as the self-diffusion coefficients of H+ and Li+ ions are determined as a function of the proton-exchange temperature for X-cut LiNbO3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Technology, Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (Technical University), Zelenograd, Russia. korkishk@chem.miee.ru
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Korkishko
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Fedorov
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Baranov
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Proyaeva
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Morozova
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caccavale
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Segato
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sada
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kostritskii