title: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in third-trimester placentas is not increased in growth-restricted fetuses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered the growth factor that stimulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated its role in regulating placental growth and invasion. Its expression can be upregulated by hypoxia. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is thought to be associated with inadequate placental perfusion, which might result from a failure in the development of the villous vascular network. Our present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between VEGF expression and IUGR in pregnancies with preserved umbilical artery end-diastolic flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  VEGF Expression was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of placentas from 17 pregnancies with normal infant birth weight and 17 pregnancies complicated by IUGR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant differences in the expression of VEGF in villous syncytiotrophoblasts and intermediate trophoblasts in maternal decidua between IUGR and normal pregnancies. However, in both groups there was a strong correlation in the expression of VEGF with villous syncytiotrophoblasts and intermediate trophoblasts. In normal and IUGR pregnancies the infants' Apgar scores at birth were significantly correlated with VEGF staining in both syncytiotrophoblasts and intermediate trophoblasts (P < .05). A strong correlation also was found between cord hematocrit and VEGF staining in villous syncytiotrophoblasts (P < .05), but VEGF staining in intermediate trophoblasts was not correlated with cord hemoglobin or hematocrit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that VEGF acts in an autocrine and paracrine fashion in both normal and IUGR placentas, and its expression can have an effect on the well being of the infant at birth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. jymtse@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000378:metabolism*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis*; D009929:Organ Size; D010920:Placenta / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000737:chemistry; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors