title: Evaluation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 level in crevicular fluid of cyclosporin A-treated patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of cyclosporin A (CsA)-treated patients and to compare the results with control groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen renal transplant patients exhibiting severe CsA-induced gingival overgrowth, 10 patients with chronic gingivitis, and 10 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium were included in the study. In CsA-treated patients, GCF samples were harvested from sites exhibiting gingival overgrowth (CsA GO+) and sites not exhibiting gingival overgrowth (CsA GO-). The TGF-beta 1 levels in a total of 96 GCF samples from the 34 participants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were expressed in terms of total amount (pg/2 sites) and concentration (ng/ml).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TGF-beta 1 total amounts in CsA GO+ and CsA GO- sites were similar and significantly higher than that of healthy sites (P < 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). The total amount of TGF-beta 1 was also higher in gingivitis sites compared to the healthy sites, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CsA GO+ and CsA GO- sites exhibited higher total amount and concentration of TGF-beta 1 than that of gingivitis sites, but the differences were insignificant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study support the theory that CsA increases the synthesis of TGF-beta 1 in GCF. However, since the difference between CsA GO+ and CsA GO- sites was not statistically significant, it seems unlikely that GCF TGF-beta 1 level is the sole factor responsible for the CsA-induced gingival overgrowth. Complex interactions between various mediators of inflammation and tissue modeling are possibly involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of this side effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. nurcan@bornova.ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buduneli
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kütükçüler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atilla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016572:Cyclosporine