title: Computational flow modeling of the left ventricle based on in vivo MRI data: initial experience.
abstract: A combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodology has been developed to simulate blood flow in heart chambers, with specific application in the present study to the human left ventricle. The proposed framework employs MRI scans of a human heart to obtain geometric data, which are then used for the CFD simulations. These latter are accomplished by geometrical modeling of the ventricle using time-resolved anatomical slices of the ventricular geometry and imposition of inflow/outflow conditions at orifices notionally representing the mitral and aortic valves. The predicted flow structure evolution and physiologically relevant flow characteristics were examined and compared to existing information. The CFD model convincingly captures the three-dimensional contraction and expansion phases of endocardial motion in the left ventricle, allowing simulation of dominant flow features, such as the vortices and swirling structures. These results were qualitatively consistent with previous physiological and clinical experiments on in vivo ventricular chambers, but the accuracy of the simulated velocities was limited largely by the anatomical shortcomings in the valve region. The study also indicated areas in which the methodology requires improvement and extension.
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom. nikko_saber@yahoo.com
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Saber
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Gosman
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kilner
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Charrier
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Firmin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D018056:Hemorheology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D016276:Ventricular Function