title: Characterization of autoantibodies against uridine-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase in patients with inflammatory liver diseases.
abstract: Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) was identified as an antigenic target in a subgroup of liver-kidney microsomal autoantibodies and was termed LKM-3. To evaluate the nature of LKM-3 antibodies, we screened sera from 80 untreated patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) type 1 and 2, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), AIH/PBC, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and 12 healthy individuals (controls) against 7 recombinant human UGT isoenzymes (UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7). Autoantibodies reacting against various UGT isoenzymes were observed in sera from 3 of 18 AIH type 2 and 1 of 27 of the HCV patients. The anti-UGT-positive sera from AIH type 2 patients revealed the strongest immunoreactivity against UGT1A1, the main UGT-isoform involved in the bilirubin glucuronidation. Additionally, these sera were able to block UGT-mediated substrate glucuronidation in vitro. The prevalence for UGT1A1 was shown by 2 independent techniques: (1) UGT1A1 was identified as the main antigen by Western blotting. Preabsorption of sera with UGT1A1 prevented reaction against all tested UGT-isoforms. (2) In vitro immunoinhibition experiments showed that glucuronidation of the anticancer drug flavopiridol by UGT1A1 was more strongly inhibited than its UGT1A9-mediated biotransformation. In contrast, the serum from the HCV-patient reacted predominately with UGT1A6, and moreover, the immunoreactivity pattern was different from that of the AIH group. To summarize, we show the subtype preference of antibodies against UGT1A1 in a subgroup of AIH type 2 patients. These autoantibodies inhibit UGT-mediated glucuronidation in vitro, but it is unlikely that anti-UGT antibodies will have a marked effect on the patients capacity for drug biotransformation, as serum bilirubin levels in patients remained within the normal range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bachrich
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thalhammer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haslmayer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alihodzic
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bakos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hitchman
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Senderowicz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Penner
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000276:immunology; D019693:Hepatitis, Autoimmune / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006923:Hymecromone / Q000378:metabolism; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000276:immunology*; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010880:Piperidines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012016:Reference Values; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005419:Flavonoids; D020719:Glucuronides; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D006923:Hymecromone; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010880:Piperidines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme; C060729:anti-liver kidney microsome antibody; C077990:alvocidib