Normal duplex Doppler waveforms of major abdominal blood vessels in dogs: a review.
The normal flow velocity profile and duplex Doppler waveform of the major abdominal blood vessels (aorta, caudal vena cava and the portal vein as well as their major branches) were examined by Doppler ultrasound. The flow velocity profile of an artery is largely determined by its diameter. The pulsatility of the waveform is related to the vascular impedance downstream to the point of measurement. Early systolic peak is present in the Doppler pattern of some vessels in some dogs. The waveform of the veins is mainly affected by the pressure conditions of the right atrium and the intrathoracic and intraabdominal pressure changes due to the respiration. Simultaneous electrocardiogram was used to reveal the effect of the heart beats on the Doppler patterns of the veins.
Szatmári
V
V
Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Science Budapest, Hungary. vszatmar@hotmail.com
Sótonyi
P
P
Vörös
K
K
D000005:Abdomen / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000662:veterinary; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000662:veterinary; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology