title: Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine proportional morbidity rates (PMR) and risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD) in cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 22,908 cats with LUTD and 263,168 cats without LUTD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were retrieved from the Purdue Veterinary Medical Data Base. Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess whether breed, age, sex, and neutering status were associated with different causes of LUTD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean PMR for LUTD irrespective of cause was 8/100 cats (range, 2 to 13/100 cats). Increased risk for urocystolithiasis (Russian Blue, Himalayan, and Persian cats), bacterial urinary tract infections (UTI; Abyssinian cats), congenital urinary tract defects (Manx and Persian cats), and urinary incontinence (Manx cats) was detected. Cats between 2 and < 7 years of age had increased risk for urethral plugs, neurogenic disorders, congenital defects, and iatrogenic injuries. Cats between 4 and < 10 years of age had increased risk for urocystolithiasis, urethral obstructions, and idiopathic LUTD. Cats > or = 10 years of age had increased risk for UTI and neoplasia. Castrated males had increased risk for each cause of LUTD except UTI and incontinence. Spayed females had increased risk for urocystolithiasis, UTI, and neoplasia. Sexually intact females had decreased risk for each cause of LUTD except neurogenic disorders and iatrogenic injuries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific breed, age, sex, and neutering status may be associated with specific types of feline LUTD. Knowledge of patient risk factors for LUTD may facilitate development of surveillance strategies that enhance earlier detection.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota Urolith Center, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lekcharoensuk
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002369:Castration / Q000662:veterinary; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*