title: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin after intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin in goats.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin were investigated in goats after a single intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin at 2.5 mg/kg body weight. The plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined simultaneously by a HPLC method. The peak concentrations (Cmax) of enrofloxacin (1.13 microg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (0.24 microg/ml) were observed at 0.8 and 1.2 h, respectively. The elimination half-life (t1/2beta), volume of distribution (Vd(area)), total body clearance (Cl(B)) and mean residence time (MRT) of enrofloxacin were 0.74 h, 1.42 L/kg, 1329 ml/h per kg and 1.54 h, respectively. The t1/2beta, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the MRT of ciprofloxacin were 1.38 h, 0.74 microg h/ml and 2.73 h, respectively. The metabolic conversion of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin was appreciable (36%) and the sum of the plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was maintained at or above 0.1 microg/ml for up to 4 h. Enrofloxacin appears to be useful for the treatment of goat diseases associated with pathogens sensitive to this drug.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Malik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006041:Goats / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D015363:Quinolones / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin