title: Expression of Smads during in vitro transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells to myofibroblasts.
abstract: TGFbeta is of crucial importance during transdifferentiation of resting retinoid-storing hepatic stellate cells (HSC) to extracellular matrix producing myofibroblasts (MFB) and consequently, inhibition of TGFbeta signal transduction is an effective means for preventing experimental fibrosis. We have shown that isolated HSC lose TGFbeta-dependent growth control during in vitro activation and that alpha2 (I) collagen production in transdifferentiated MFB is TGFbeta-independent. Furthermore, Smad complexes with SBE binding activity were only detected in early cultures of HSC, although TGFbeta receptor types I and II were significantly expressed in HSC and MFB. In the present report, we compared the expression pattern of TGFbeta downstream mediators, i.e., the Smads, in TGFbeta responsive HSC versus nonresponding MFB. The transdifferentiation process was monitored by morphology and increasing expression of TGFbeta and alpha-smooth muscle actin, and TGFbeta signaling was investigated by (CAGA)(9)-MLP-Luc. The expression level of all Smads remained essentially unchanged both during the activation process and after TGFbeta-treatment. Smad7 was transiently upregulated upon TGFbeta stimulation in quiescent HSC, indicating a negative feed back loop in responsive cells. In contrast, MFB neither displayed TGFbeta-inducible nor constitutively upregulated Smad7 expression. Instead, Smad3 mRNA was increased in MFB. Our data indicate that abrogation of the TGFbeta response in MFB versus HSC is not based on different regulation of Smad expression.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, RWTH-Universitätsklinikum, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany. steven.dooley@post.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Streckert
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delvoux
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gressner
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051906:Smad7 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051899:Smad2 Protein; C497784:Smad2 protein, rat; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C497808:Smad7 protein, rat; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta