title: Cross-correlation analysis of inner-leaflet-anchored green fluorescent protein co-redistributed with IgE receptors and outer leaflet lipid raft components.
abstract: To investigate the structural basis for membrane interactions that occur between Lyn tyrosine kinase and IgE-Fc(epsilon)RI or other components of lipid rafts, we prepared a green fluorescent protein analog of Lyn (PM-EGFP) and used cross-correlation analysis to quantify co-redistributions of aggregates that occur after IgE-Fc(epsilon)RI is cross-linked on the cell surface. PM-EGFP, which contains minimally the palmitoylation and myristoylation sites on Lyn, was compared with another inner leaflet probe, EGFP-GG, which contains a prenylation site and a polybasic sequence similar to K-ras. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to examine co-redistributions of these inner leaflet components with IgE-Fc(epsilon)RI and outer leaflet raft components, ganglioside GD1b and glycosylphosphotidylinositol-linked Thy-1, under conditions where the latter were cross-linked externally to form large patches at the cell surface. The cross-correlation analysis was developed and characterized with simulations representing cell surface distributions, and parameters from the cross-correlation curves, rho(o) (peak height) and A (peak area), were shown to be reliable measures of the extent of co-redistributed aggregates and their size. Cross-correlation analysis was then applied to quantify co-redistributions of the fluorescently labeled inner and outer leaflet components on RBL-2H3 cells. As visually observed and parameterized in this manner, PM-EGFP was found to co-redistribute with lipid rafts significantly more than EGFP-GG or an endogenous prenylated protein, Cdc42. These quantitative results are consistent with previous analyses of Lyn co-redistributions and support the hypothesis that the functionally important interaction of Lyn with cross-linked IgE- Fc(epsilon)RI is due to their mutual co-association with lipid rafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pyenta
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holowka
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baird
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000737:chemistry*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C060902:lyn protein-tyrosine kinase; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein