title: Dietary phosphorus deprivation induces 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) 1alpha-hydroxylase gene expression.
abstract: Dietary phosphorus deprivation causes hypophosphatemia and an increase in serum 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] concentrations. To determine the molecular mechanisms of this regulation, the effects of dietary phosphorus deprivation and hypophysectomy on 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) 1alpha-hydroxylase (1alpha-hydroxylase) protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were examined in rats. A low phosphorus diet (LPD) for 4 days resulted in hypophosphatemia and an increase in serum 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) levels. This increase was caused by the induction of 1alpha-hydroxylase protein and mRNA expression (4- and 10-fold increases, respectively). Administration of the LPD or normal phosphorus diet to hypophysectomized (HPX) rats resulted in hypophosphatemia and suppression of 1alpha-hydroxylase gene expression, indicating that hypophosphatemia itself is not sufficient to induce 1alpha-hydroxylase mRNA expression. Administration of GH to HPX rats fed LPD could partially restore 1alpha-hydroxylase mRNA expression, whereas supplementation with insulin-like growth factor I, T(3), estrogen, or corticosterone had no effect. We also examined Phex gene expression in the bone, because the clinical features of X-linked hypophosphatemia resemble those of HPX rats. Phex mRNA expression, however, was not altered in HPX rats. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the increase in serum 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) levels caused by dietary phosphorus deprivation is due to the induction of 1alpha-hydroxylase mRNA expression, and this increase is mediated in part by a GH-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Monkawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saruta
mesh_terms: D015090:25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D017674:Hypophosphatemia / Q000201:enzymology*; D007016:Hypophysectomy; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D053402:PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000172:deficiency*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D010758:Phosphorus; D004958:Estradiol; D013006:Growth Hormone; D015090:25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase; D053402:PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase; C506229:Phex protein, rat; D003345:Corticosterone