title: Syringe borrowing persists in Dublin despite harm reduction interventions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the frequency of syringe borrowing in young Irish injecting drug users (IDUs) and identify associated characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Addiction treatment services in Dublin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treated IDUs (N = 246).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on drug injecting and syringe borrowing in the previous 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age was 22 years and the median length of injecting history was 19 months. Syringe borrowing was reported by 173 (70.3%) participants. A multivariate analysis identified seven characteristics significantly associated with syringe borrowing. These included early school leaving and parental unemployment. IDUs with long injecting histories who had injected less frequently were more likely to borrow. Injection of more than one substance was significantly associated with borrowing of syringes. Syringe borrowing was associated with having more intimate social relationships with other IDUs, less perceived risk in borrowing from acquaintances and usually opting to inject in the company of other IDUs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Syringe borrowing is commonly practised by young IDUs. Those with a background of social deprivation are more likely to engage in this risk behaviour. IDUs who report borrowing are more intimately involved with other IDUs and tend to perceive less risk or dangerousness in borrowing. In addition to syringe exchange, there is a need to work cognitively with IDUs to identify and challenge assumptions that they may have regarding the safety involved in borrowing from others, particularly from those with whom they have close social relationships.
authors.affiliation: Addiction Research Section, AIDS/Drugs Service, Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin 10, Ireland. bobbypsmith@hotmail.com
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Keenan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D003932:Heroin; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007494:Ireland; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013332:Student Dropouts; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003932:Heroin