title: Concentrations of chondroitin sulfate epitopes 3B3 and 7D4 in synovial fluid after intra-articular and extracapsular reconstruction of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of intra-articular and extracapsular reconstruction of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) on metabolism of articular cartilage as reflected by concentrations of chondroitin sulfate epitopes 3B3 and 7D4 in synovial fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  13 adult dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each dog underwent unilateral CCL transection (CCLT). One month after CCLT, sham CCL reconstruction (3 dogs), intra-articular CCL reconstruction (5), or extracapsular CCL reconstruction (5) was performed. Synovial fluid was collected by direct arthrocentesis from CCLT and contralateral stifle joints immediately before (time 0) and 1, 3, and 5 months after CCLT. Fluid was examined for concentrations of 3B3 and 7D4 epitopes and total sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of 3B3, 7D4, and GAG, 3B3:GAG, or 7D4:GAG in CCLT joints did not differ significantly among treatment groups nor in the ratios of these variables in CCLT joints to contralateral joints at 3 months. In a longitudinal analysis, concentrations of 3B3 and 7D4, 3B3:GAG, and 7D4:GAG in CCLT joints in all groups changed significantly with time, but we did not detect time X group interactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transection of CCL resulted in significant perturbation in articular cartilage metabolism as reflected by alterations in concentrations of 3B3 and 7D4 in synovial fluid. These changes over time were not significantly influenced by method of CCL reconstruction. We did not find evidence that surgical stabilization of CCL-deficient joints by intra-articular or extracapsular techniques had any effect on preventing alterations in composition of synovial fluid that have been associated with secondary osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kochevar
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hulse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004285:Dogs / Q000601:surgery*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D013264:Stifle / Q000601:surgery; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000939:Epitopes; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates