Atrazine uptake, elimination, and bioconcentration by periphyton communities and Daphnia magna: effects of dissolved organic carbon.
The bioconcentration and toxicokinetics of atrazine in three different periphyton communities and in laboratory reared Daphnia magna were studied in natural and artificial waters with different dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and qualities. The exposure concentrations were similar to those short-lived peak concentrations found in contaminated waters. Atrazine uptake and elimination were very fast, and the bioconcentration was low both in periphyton and D. magna. The bioconcentration factors in D. magna were approx. 16% of those in periphyton. The uptake and elimination rates were also higher in periphyton than in Daphnia. The periphyton properties affected the bioconcentration of atrazine more than the DOC concentration and water quality. A steady state was reached within a few hours of uptake by the periphyton and within 24 h by D. magna. A residue of atrazine was left in the periphyton and D. magna after an 8-h biphasic depuration with clearly distinct fast and slow phases. In D. magna, atrazine may be eliminated during the normal life span of the organism. These results suggest that DOC has a minor influence on the toxicokinetics of atrazine.
Nikkilä
A
A
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland. annikkil@cc.jyu.fi
Paulsson
M
M
Almgren
K
K
Blanck
H
H
Kukkonen
J V
JV
D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003621:Daphnia / Q000378:metabolism*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D012995:Solubility; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity
D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002244:Carbon; D001280:Atrazine