title: Effects of cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion on rabbit cardiac ryanodine receptors.
abstract: Calcium overload is considered to be a primary contributor to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), the main regulator of intracellular Ca2+ concentration under normal conditions, is a target for ischemic myocardial injury. The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is the SR Ca2+ release channel. Previous reports have shown that a reduction in RyR activity during global myocardial ischemia correlates with concomitant myocardial dysfunction. Crystalloid cardioplegia, a technique for myocardial protection during heart operations, reduces Ca2+ accumulation during global ischemia. Hence, the effects of cardioplegia on RyR in isolated rabbit hearts was investigated. The study also compared [3H] ryanodine binding before ischemia (control group), after 30 min of ischemia (either global ischemia (GI group) or cardioplegic arrest (CA group)), and after 20 min of reperfusion. The GI group, but not the CA group, showed a significant reduction in the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) for RyR compared with the control group (Control vs GI group: after ischemia, 1.33+/-0.27 vs 0.83+/-0.12 pmol/mg protein, p<0.05; after reperfusion, 1.33+/-0.27 vs 0.80+/-0.08 pmol/mg protein; p<0.05). CA group: after ischemia, 1.22+/-0.20 pmol/mg protein; after reperfusion, 1.15+/-0.28 pmol/mg protein). The affinity (Kd) values for [3H] ryanodine binding were not different among the 3 groups at any point. The preservation of RyR numbers during cardioplegia correlated with the concomitant preservation of cardiac functions. The results indicate that number of functional RyR was much better preserved during cardioplegia than during global ischemia. It is postulated that cardioplegia-induced protection of cardiac RyR may result in the protection of SR function during ischemia-reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gohra
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zempo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkusa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects*; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D002118:Calcium