title: Laparoscopic repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopy has been proposed as a diagnostic and potentially therapeutic modality for penetrating diaphragmatic lacerations. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical feasibility and strength of various laparoscopic repairs of diaphragmatic injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Swine underwent either open suture repair or laparoscopic repair by staple, suture, or patch technique of a 2-cm laceration to both the right and the left muscular or tendinous diaphragmatic leaflets. Six weeks after operation, diaphragms were harvested for either histologic analysis or bursting strength measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All methods of repair proved technically feasible. There was no significant difference in bursting strength measurements between treatment groups. Bursting was due to tissue failure either at or adjacent to the repair site. Histologic analysis confirmed healing of all specimens with the laparoscopic patch technique inciting less inflammation and greater fibroblastic proliferation than the other techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic repair of diaphragmatic lacerations can be accomplished using any of the currently available techniques. Laparoscopic stapling, suturing, or patch techniques all result in complete healing with a strong and durable repair. When selecting a particular technique, familiarity of the surgeon should be used as a guideline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Houston School of Medicine, University of Texas, 77030, USA. Rosemary.A.Kozar@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kozar
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cipolla
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meija
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Haber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013537:Sutures; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014945:Wound Healing