title: Involvement of calpain for apoptosis in dysfunction of the unaffected testis in rats with experimental testicular torsion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The dynamics of calpain and involvement of apoptosis in sperm formation disorder of the unaffected testis in rats with experimental testicular torsion were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using 6-week-old Wistar rats, an experimental unilateral testicular torsion model was prepared. The bilateral testes were excised 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 35, and 70 days after the left testis was twisted, and the unaffected testes were subjected to immunohistological staining, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting using anti-calpain antibodies. Apoptosis was detected by the TdT-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By immunohistological staining, positive immunostaining by anti-pro mu-calpain antibody was observed in the spermatocyte nucleus, but not with anti-pro m-calpain antibody. The staining was increased until 7 days after testicular torsion, then decreased with progression of sperm formation disorder. By Western blotting, the intensity of staining with anti-pro mu-calpain antibody was increased until 7 days after torsion of the testis. Apoptosis expression in the unaffected testis was significantly inhibited by addition of a calpain inhibitor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was suggested that mu-calpain may be involved in apoptosis expression in sperm formation disorder of the unaffected testis in unilateral testicular torsion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya City University Medical School,  Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Umemoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tatsura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002154:Calpain / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000150:complications*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002154:Calpain