title: Factor XII but not protein C, protein S, antithrombin III, or factor XIII is a predictor of recurrent miscarriage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether a decrease in the values of protein C (PC), protein S (PS), antithrombin III (ATIII), factor XII (FXII), or factor XIII (FXIII) has predictive value for subsequent miscarriages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nagoya City University Medical School.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 536 patients with a history of two or more first-trimester miscarriages.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twelve patients treated with low-dose aspirin were excluded from the analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subsequent pregnancy outcome of 424 patients was compared for abnormal and normal levels of each parameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in the subsequent miscarriage rates between abnormal and normal values of PC, PS, ATIII, and FXIII. However, the rate with abnormal FXII is significantly higher than that with normal FXII.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A decrease in FXII (but not in PC, PS, ATIII, or FXIII) predicts subsequent miscarriage in patients with a history of first-trimester recurrent miscarriages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzumori
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis; D005174:Factor XII / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D005176:Factor XIII / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011486:Protein C / Q000032:analysis; D017293:Protein S / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005174:Factor XII; D005176:Factor XIII