title: Bezafibrate reduces heart rate and blood pressure in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In hypertriglyceridemic patients, hypertension occurs frequently and may be associated with hyperinsulinemia and elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA). Besides the lipid-lowering effects, fibrates have been shown to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of bezafibrate on hemodynamics in relation to insulin, FFA, sympathetic activity, renal sodium absorption, cyclic-GMP (cGMP) and endothelin-1 in hypertriglyceridemic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertriglyceridemic patients (17) were randomized to receive in a double-blind placebo-controlled study bezafibrate or placebo for 6 weeks. At the end of both treatment periods, blood pressure and heart rate were measured automatically. Plasma insulin, FFA, aldosterone, catecholamines, cGMP, endothelin-1 levels and 24 h urine catecholamines and sodium excretion were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bezafibrate therapy decreased serum triglycerides (-65%, P < 0.001) and hemodynamic parameters: heart rate decreased from 69 to 66/min (P = 0.009), systolic blood pressure from 137 to 132 mmHg (P = 0.01), diastolic blood pressure from 81 to 79 mmHg (P = 0.07) and mean blood pressure from 102 to 99 mmHg (P = 0.06). Bezafibrate therapy reduced FFA and insulin (-55 and -57% respectively, both P < 0.001), while sympathetic activity and renal sodium absorption were not affected. cGMP increased (+17%, P = 0.008), whereas endothelin-1 levels tended to decrease upon bezafibrate therapy (-10%, P = 0.077)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bezafibrate reduces heart rate, blood pressure, insulin and FFA in hypertriglyceridemic patients. The hemodynamic effects cannot be attributed to changes in sympathetic activity or renal sodium absorption. Instead, based on the increase in plasma cGMP levels, the bezafibrate-induced hemodynamic effects are most likely to be caused by bezafibrate-induced improvement of endothelial function.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. IJAMJonkers@lumc.nl
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Jonkers
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: de Man
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Laarse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frölich
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gevers Leuven
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kamper
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Blauw
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Smelt
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D001629:Bezafibrate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D012964:Sodium; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D001629:Bezafibrate