title: Lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel node localization in breast cancer patients: a comparison between 1-day and 2-day protocols.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of isotope injection the morning of surgery (1-d protocol) with isotope injection the day before surgery (2-d protocol) in patients having sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 1-d (protocol 1) and 2-d (protocol 2) protocols included 514 and 152 patients, respectively, treated contemporaneously by surgeons experienced with the SLN biopsy technique. All had preoperative lymphoscintigraphy (LSG) and SLN biopsy using both blue dye and (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid. All patients had a single-site intradermal injection of unfiltered (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid in 0.05 mL normal saline: 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi) on the morning of surgery for protocol 1 and 18.5 MBq (0.5 mCi) on the afternoon before surgery for protocol 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients in protocols 1 and 2 were comparable in terms of age, tumor size, tumor location, histologic type, node positivity, and frequency of a previous surgical biopsy. Comparing protocols 1 and 2, early (30 min) LSG images found the SLN equally often (69% vs. 68%). Isotope identified the SLN equally often at surgery (93% vs. 97%) as did isotope plus dye (98% vs. 99%). A comparable number of SLNs was found (2.5 vs. 2.8 per axilla), and the concordance between isotope and dye in the SLN was also comparable (97% vs. 95%). Late LSG images (at 2 h, possible only for protocol 2) identified the SLN in significantly more patients compared with early images (86% vs. 68%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With unfiltered (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid injected intradermally, the results of SLN biopsy under the 1-d and 2-d protocols are virtually identical. A 2-d protocol allows increased efficiency in scheduling, both for nuclear medicine physicians and for the operating room, with no compromise in the effectiveness of SLN mapping.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Cody III
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turlakow
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nuñez
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C025484:iso-sulfan blue; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid