title: Tumor suppressor p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) is involved in DNA damage-signaling pathways.
abstract: The tumor suppressor p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) binds to the DNA-binding domain of p53 and enhances p53-mediated transcriptional activation. 53BP1 contains two breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 COOH terminus (BRCT) motifs, which are present in several proteins involved in DNA repair and/or DNA damage-signaling pathways. Thus, we investigated the potential role of 53BP1 in DNA damage-signaling pathways. Here, we report that 53BP1 becomes hyperphosphorylated and forms discrete nuclear foci in response to DNA damage. These foci colocalize at all time points with phosphorylated H2AX (gamma-H2AX), which has been previously demonstrated to localize at sites of DNA strand breaks. 53BP1 foci formation is not restricted to gamma-radiation but is also detected in response to UV radiation as well as hydroxyurea, camptothecin, etoposide, and methylmethanesulfonate treatment. Several observations suggest that 53BP1 is regulated by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) after DNA damage. First, ATM-deficient cells show no 53BP1 hyperphosphorylation and reduced 53BP1 foci formation in response to gamma-radiation compared with cells expressing wild-type ATM. Second, wortmannin treatment strongly inhibits gamma-radiation-induced hyperphosphorylation and foci formation of 53BP1. Third, 53BP1 is readily phosphorylated by ATM in vitro. Taken together, these results suggest that 53BP1 is an ATM substrate that is involved early in the DNA damage-signaling pathways in mammalian cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rappold
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Date
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C498301:TP53BP1 protein, human; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases