title: Loss of the major GABA(A) receptor subtype in the brain is not lethal in mice.
abstract: The alpha1beta2gamma2 is the most abundant subtype of the GABA(A) receptor and is localized in many regions of the brain. To gain more insight into the role of this receptor subtype in the modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission, we generated mice lacking either the alpha1 or beta2 subunit. In agreement with the reported abundance of this subtype, >50% of total GABA(A) receptors are lost in both alpha1-/- and beta2-/- mice. Surprisingly, homozygotes of both mouse lines are viable, fertile, and show no spontaneous seizures. Initially half of the alpha1-/- mice died prenatally or perinatally, but they exhibited a lower mortality rate in subsequent generations, suggesting some phenotypic drift and adaptive changes. Both adult alpha1-/- and beta2-/- mice demonstrate normal performances on the rotarod, but beta2-/- mice displayed increased locomotor activity. Purkinje cells of the cerebellum primarily express alpha1beta2gamma2 receptors, and in electrophysiological recordings from alpha1-/- mice GABA currents in these neurons are dramatically reduced, and residual currents have a benzodiazepine pharmacology characteristic of alpha2- or alpha3-containing receptors. In contrast, the cerebellar Purkinje neurons from beta2-/- mice have only a relatively small reduction of GABA currents. In beta2-/- mice expression levels of all six alpha subunits are reduced by approximately 50%, suggesting that the beta2 subunit can coassemble with alpha subunits other than just alpha1. Our data confirm that alpha1beta2gamma2 is the major GABA(A) receptor subtype in the murine brain and demonstrate that, surprisingly, the loss of this receptor subtype is not lethal.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Harlow, Essex, CM20 2QR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sur
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wafford
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hadingham
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bromidge
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macaulay
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Collinson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: O'Meara
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Atack
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: McKernan
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Whiting
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Rosahl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005442:Flumazenil / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006720:Homozygote; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity; D009118:Muscimol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D008024:Ligands; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D009118:Muscimol; D005442:Flumazenil; C037476:tert-butylbicyclophosphorothionate