title: Impact of peri-stent remodeling on restenosis: a volumetric intravascular ultrasound study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vessel remodeling is an important mechanism of late lumen loss after nonstent coronary interventions. However, its impact on in-stent restenosis has not been systematically investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound analyses (poststent and follow-up) were performed in 55 lesions treated with a balloon-expandable stent (ACS MultiLink) using standard stent deployment techniques. The vessel volume (VV), lumen volume (LV), and volume bordered by the stent (SV) were measured using Simpson's method. The volume of plaque and neointima outside the stent (peri-stent volume, PSV) and volume of neointima within the stent (intrastent volume) were also measured. The change of each parameter during the follow-up period (follow-up minus poststent) was calculated and then divided by SV to normalize these values (designated as percent change [%]). As expected, %PSV directly correlated with %VV (P<0.0001, r=0.935), with no significant SV. A highly significant inverse correlation was seen between %PSV and the percent change of intrastent volume (P<0.0001, r=0.517). Consequently, %LV significantly correlated with peri-stent remodeling, as measured by %VV (P<0.0001, r=0.602).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positive remodeling of the vessel exterior to a coronary stent occurs to a variable degree after stent implantation. There is a distinct trade-off between positive remodeling and in-stent hyperplasia: in segments in which the degree of peri-stent remodeling is less, intrastent neointimal proliferation is greater and accompanied by more significant late lumen loss.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Cardiovascular Interventions, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Yock
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Bonneau
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography