Risk and surveillance intervals for squamous cell carcinoma in achalasia.
This article discusses the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients with achalasia. A broad review of the literature is provided with incidence and prevalence data. Clinical features, pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and prognostic aspects are discussed. Information is also provided on how different treatment methods impact this disease. Finally, recommendations on surveillance intervals are made, based on an evidence-based approach.
Dunaway
P M
PM
Department of Gastroenterology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washinghton, DC 20307-5001, USA.
Wong
R K
RK
D000359:Aftercare / Q000379:methods*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004106:Dilatation; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000601:surgery; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome