title: [Single-stage laparoscopic surgery of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis in 268 unselected consecutive patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has modified the treatment of gallstones and common bile duct (CBD) stones. Aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the results of single stage laparoscopic management of gallstones and CBD stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1991 to October 1999, CBD stones were present at intraoperative cholangiography in 268 patients (pts) (169 females, 99 males, mean age 55.6 years, range 12-94 years) out of 2693 undergoing LC (10%) for gallstones. CBD stones were unsuspected in 123 (45.9%) and suspected in 145 (54.1%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CBD exploration was successful in 264 cases (98.5%) (transcystic 164, choledochotomy 100). Four pts were converted to open surgery (1.5%). Retained stones in 15 patients (5.7%), were treated by ERCP/ES (6 pts) and by percutaneous endoscopic/fluoroscopic stone removal (6 pts). Spontaneous stones passage occurred in 2 pts, one patient is waiting for treatment. Major morbidities were hemoperitoneum (4 cases) and cystic duct bile leakage (3 cases). One high risk patient died postoperatively. Recurrent stones were observed in 5 pts (1.9%), at 1, 4, 8, 18, 26 months respectively after T-tube removal, and were treated by ERCP/ES in 4 cases. Spontaneous stone passage occurred in 1 case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LC and CBD exploration has shown to be safe and feasible with low morbidity and mortality. The rationale of this approach is to solve two problems during the same procedure, limiting the role of endoscopic sphincterotomy to the treatment of residual ductal stones.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Ancona, L'Aquila.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paganini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feliciotti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guerrieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamburini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beltrami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carlei
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lomanto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campagnacci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nardovino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sottili
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lezoche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome