A catalog of prostate cancer nomograms.
OBJECTIVE
Prediction is central to the management of prostate cancer. Nomograms are devices that make predictions. We organized many nomograms for prostate cancer.


METHODS
Using MEDLINE a literature search was performed on prostate cancer nomograms from January 1966 to February 2000. We recorded input variables, prediction form, the number of patients used to develop the nomogram and the outcome being predicted. We also recorded the accuracy measures reported by the original authors and whether the nomograms have withstood validation. In addition, we noted whether the nomograms were proprietary or in the public domain. Each nomogram was classified into patient clinical disease state and the outcome being predicted.


RESULTS
The literature search generated 42 published nomograms that may be applied to patients in various clinical stages of disease. Of the 42 nomograms only 18 had undergone validation, of which 2 partially failed. Few nomograms have been compared for predictive superiority and none appears to have been compared with clinical judgment alone.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with prostate cancer need accurate predictions. Prognostic nomograms are available for many clinical states and outcomes, and may provide the most accurate predictions currently available. Selection among them and progress in this field are hampered by the lack of comparisons for predictive accuracy.
Ross
P L
PL
Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Scardino
P T
PT
Kattan
M W
MW
D001706:Biopsy; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen