title: [Tension-free procedures: progress in the treatment of inguinal hernia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tension-free procedures are aimed to minimize post-operative pain and rate of recurrence, by replacing sutures under tension by a mesh without any approximation of the margins of the hernial orifice. Moreover they offer the advantage of being performed under local or epidural anesthesia. The aim of this study was to verify, by a prospective multicentre evaluation, if the results attributed to these procedures are obtained in current practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evaluation involved 435 hernias, treated by Lichtenstein procedure, Gilbert plug and Perfix plug. There were 19 postoperative benign complications (4.4%). The durations of analgesics consumption, post-operative hospital stay, cessation of normal activities and time off work [mean, [(SD), (extremes)]] were 3.3 days [(3.9) (0-60)], 1.3 days [(1.1) (0-16)], 4.5 days [(3.1) (0-34)] and 15.4 days [(10.2) (0.60)] respectively. With a mean follow-up of 36 months [(14) (6-67)], 423 hernias (97.2%) were assessed. Two (0.5%) recurrences occurred. Twenty three patients had secondary troubles (5.8%): 21 patients complained of chronic pain, one had atrophy of the testis and one plug had to be removed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm that tension-free procedures are minimally invasive, induce few benign postoperative complications, low pain and allow early return to normal activity.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Chirurgie Herniaire de Paris-La Défense, 2-14, rue Paul Napoléon Roinard, F92400 Courbevoie.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marre
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Damas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penchet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Pélissier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011126:Polypropylenes