title: Patient motion compensation during transthoracic 3-D echocardiography.
abstract: Bulk patient motion during transthoracic 3-D echocardiography (3DE) produces image plane misregistration and errors in left ventricular (LV) volume and ejection fraction (EF). To correct for patient motion, we used a magnetic locating system to track both the ultrasound transducer and the chest wall of the patient, so images could be registered in a patient-centered coordinate system ("correction"). Fourteen subjects each underwent 3DE, with deliberate patient motion, to measure LV volume and EF. Results were compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Without correction, 3DE differed significantly from MRI (EF: r = 0.78, SEE = 5.8%). Application of correction increased 3DE accuracy, despite patient motion (EF: r = 0.91, SEE = 3.7%), to a level comparable to that of 3DE in the absence of motion (EF: r = 0.93, SEE = 3.5%). Patient motion during 3DE examination can be corrected using a magnetic spatial location system.
authors.affiliation: Charles A. Dana Research Institute and the Harvard-Thorndike Laboratory of the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hibberd
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Beaudin
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Fearnside
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Douglas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014159:Transducers; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left