title: [Duodenal ulcer and Helicobacter pylori].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between duodenal ulcer (DU), Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and genetic and enviromental factors, and its influence on treatment and long-term RESULTS.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the course of an epidemiological study on the prevalence of esophagogastroduodenal diseases, 1,169 volunteers underwent an endoscopy of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. The relationship of incidence rate and size of duodenal ulcers and several risks factors was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A DU was observed in 240 subjects (20.5%), mostly of male gender (64.4% - p<0.0001). The Histological presence of a gastric Hp infection was confirmed in 179 cases (74.6%); it did not influenced the mean size of the ulcers and the presence of gastric intestinal metaplasia, compared to subjects without Hp infection. However, a superficial chronic gastritis was observed in 95.9% of Hp+ subjects and in 83.3% of Hp- (p<0.003), whereas a familiar history of DU was noted in 33.3% of Hp+ subjects and in 50.8% of Hp- (p<0.02). The main risk factor for DU was represented by Hp infection in 119 cases (49.6%), by infective and genetic factors in 60 cases (25%) and only by the genetic factor in 31 cases (12.9%), and was not detected in 30 cases (12.5%). Ulcer recurrence rates, after medical therapy, were 0,5% and 6.5% (p<0.03) at a 2-month follow-up, and 2.2% and 49.1% (p<0.00001) at a 12-month follow-up, among Hp+ and Hp- patients, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common risk factor for DU was a gastric Hp infection, alone or associated to the genetic factor. Since the high incidence of recurrences at a 12-month follow-up, patients affected with a DU but Hp- represented an important therapeutic concern.
authors.affiliation: Policlinico Umberto I, Dipartimento di Chirurgia P. Stefanini, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spaziani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mingoli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Duca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Filippo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Milito
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siciliano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiaretti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corsi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors