title: Alteration of gonadotrophin and steroid hormone release, and of ovarian function by a GnRH antagonist in gilts.
abstract: This study examined the impact of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist Antarelix on LH, FSH, ovarian steroid hormone secretion, follicular development and pituitary response to LHRH in cycling gilts. Oestrous cycle of 24 Landrace gilts was synchronised with Regumate (for 15 days) followed by 800 IU PMSG 24h later. In experiment 1, Antarelix (n=6 gilts) was injected i.v. (0.5mg per injection) twice daily on four consecutive days from day 3 to 6 (day 0=last day of Regumate feeding). Control gilts (n=6) received saline. Blood was sampled daily, and every 20 min for 6h on days 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. In experiment 2, gilts (n=12) were assigned to the following treatments: Antarelix; Antarelix + 50 microg LHRH on day 4; Antarelix + 150 microg LHRH on day 4 or control, 50 microg LHRH only on day 4. Blood samples were collected daily and every 20 min for 6h on days 2, 4 and 6 to assess LH pulsatility. Ovarian follicular development was evaluated at slaughter. Antarelix suppressed (P<0.05) serum LH concentrations. The amount of LH released on days 4-9 (experiment 1) was 8.80 versus 36.54 ngml(-1) (S.E.M.=6.54). The pattern of FSH, and the preovulatory oestradiol rise was not affected by GnRH antagonist. Suppression of LH resulted in a failure (P<0.05) of postovulatory progesterone secretion. Exogenous LHRH (experiment 2) induced a preovulatory-like LH peak, however in Antarelix treated gilts the LH surge started earlier and its duration was less compared to controls (P<0.01). Furthermore, the amount of LH released from day 4 to 5 was lower (P<0.01) in Antarelix, Antarelix + 50 and Antarelix + 150 treated animals compared to controls. No differences were estimated in the number of LH pulses between days and treatment. Pulsatile FSH was not affected by treatment. Mean basal LH levels were lower (P<0.05) after antagonist treatment compared to controls. Antarelix blocked the preovulatory LH surge and ovulation, but the effects of Antarelix were reduced by exogenous LHRH treatment. The development of follicles larger than 4mm was suppressed (P<0.05) by antagonist treatment. In conclusion, Antarelix treatment during the follicular phase blocked preovulatory LH surge, while FSH and oestradiol secretion were not affected. Antarelix failed to alter pulsatile LH and FSH secretor or pituitary responsiveness to LHRH during the preovulatory period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany. bruessow@fbn-dummerstorf.de
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Brüssow
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nürnberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004973:Estrus Synchronization; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000378:metabolism*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D010060:Ovulation; D010507:Periodicity; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D013256:Steroids / Q000097:blood*; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D009842:Oligopeptides; D013256:Steroids; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C084350:antarelix