title: Protective effect of bilobalide against nitric oxide-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of bilobalide on nitric oxide-induced neurotoxicity in pheochromocytoma-derived PC12 cells (PC12 cells).
  
  
  METHODS
  PC12 cell survival was monitored by LDH release and 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Superoxide dismutases (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured based on their abilities to inhibit the oxidation of epinephrine by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system or to decompose H2O2 respectively. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by a fluorometric assay to indicate the lipid peroxidation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 50-300 mumol.L-1) induced PC12 cell damage. After the cells had been pretreated with 10 mumol.L-1 bilobalide for 24 h, the cell viability was increased to 91% +/- 30% from 52% +/- 14% in SIN-1 alone group. Moreover, the activities of SOD and CAT were increased after cells were treated with bilobalide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NO-induced neurotoxicity can be protected by bilobalide in PC12 cells. The bilobalide-induced increase in SOD and CAT activities may serve as one of the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of bilobalide.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: X Z
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004224:Diterpenes; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046934:Ginkgolides; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004224:Diterpenes; D005663:Furans; D046934:Ginkgolides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C073710:bilobalide