title: N1 and P300 abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, epilepsy, and epilepsy with schizophrenialike features.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The scalp-recorded N1 and P300 components of the event-related brain potential (ERP) are commonly reduced in patients with schizophrenia but not in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy patients with interictal chronic schizophrenialike features (EPI-SZ) provide a comparison group for determining whether the ERP amplitude abnormalities seen in schizophrenic patients are associated with shared clinical features of EPI-SZ and schizophrenic patients or overlapping pathophysiologies, or are specific to a distinct schizophrenia etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with schizophrenia (n = 24) were compared with normal control subjects (n = 32) and patients with epilepsy syndromes on visual and auditory oddball ERP paradigms. Epilepsy patients included those with chronic interictal schizophrenialike features (n = 6) and those without (n = 16).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Auditory P300 amplitude was reduced in both schizophrenic and EPI-SZ patients, whose positive or negative symptoms did not differ. In contrast, N1 amplitude was reduced only in schizophrenic patients. Delays in both N1 and P300 were associated with epilepsy patients and EPI-SZ but not schizophrenic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The schizophrenialike symptoms in epilepsy probably represent a phenocopy of schizophrenia with common clinical features and some common pathophysiologies but distinct etiologies. P300 amplitude appears to be sensitive to schizophrenialike features, regardless of whether they occur in the context of schizophrenia or epilepsy. N1 amplitude reduction appears to be specific to schizophrenia, suggesting its sensitivity to the distinct etiology of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94304, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Mathalon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalba
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfefferbaum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*