title: Formation and regeneration of protoplasts for protease production in Streptomyces rimosus.
abstract: To improve the formation and regeneration frequency of protoplasts for protease production, experiments were performed using a cultivation of Streptomyces rimosus TM-55 (CCRC 940061) in a Tryptic-soy broth (TSB) containing 2% of glycine for 2 days. It was found that the protoplast formation decreased with increased incubation temperature and increased ratio of culture broth to vessel volume. The optimal incubation temperature was 28 degreesC and the ratio of culture broth to vessel volume was 2:5. The hypertonic medium containing 10 mM MgCl2, 25 mM CaCl2 and 500 mM sucrose provided high stability for protoplasts. Supplementation with MgSO4, KCl and NaNO3 improved the regeneration frequency of protoplasts. The smear method had a higher protoplast regeneration frequency than the pour plate method. Protoplasts had protease productivity which was similar to that obtained with fresh mycelia, with each milliliter of culture broth yielding 141 units of protease with 3.5 x 10(8) protoplasts and 148 units of protease with 14.25 mg fresh mycelia respectively in a shaking culture, while the values were 15 and eight units of protease in a static culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000494:pharmacology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002452:Cell Count; D003470:Culture Media; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D009113:Muramidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003470:Culture Media; C017721:casamino acids; D013395:Sucrose; D000362:Agar; D009113:Muramidase; D010450:Endopeptidases; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium; D005998:Glycine