title: Increased levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 in sera and tumours from patients with colonic neoplasia with and without acromegaly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with acromegaly are at increased risk of developing colorectal carcinoma and premalignant tubulovillous adenoma. The pathogenesis of these neoplasms could involve a stimulatory effect of serum growth factors on colonic epithelial cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in (1) serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-2 and (2) changes in local expression of IGFBPs and p53 in colonic epithelium in patients with colonic neoplasia with and without acromegaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed. Fasting serum samples were obtained at the time of colonoscopy for patients with acromegaly and at the time of surgery for patients with colonic neoplasia without acromegaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 were measured using specific immunoassays. Tissue expression of IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and p53 status were determined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group 1: 26 age- and sex-matched control subjects (range 40-69 years); group 2: 18 patients with acromegaly without colonic neoplasia (range 39-68 years); group 3: 18 patients with acromegaly and colonic neoplasia (range 41-74 years, 11 = adenoma, seven = carcinoma); group 4: 19 patients with colonic neoplasia without endocrine disease (range 43-91 years, four = adenoma, 15 = carcinoma). Immunohistochemical staining of colonic biopsies was performed for IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and p53 in groups 3 and 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly elevated in group 2 (371 +/- 131 microg/l and 6.5 +/- 1.8 mg/l, respectively) and group 3 (379 +/- 174 microg/l and 5.8 +/- 1.6 mg/l, respectively), and significantly reduced in group 4 (103 +/- 36 microg/l and 2.4 +/- 1 mg/l) compared to controls (165 +/- 40 microg/l and 4.7 +/- 1 mg/l; P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, respectively). However, median serum IGFBP-2 levels were significantly elevated in group 3 (P < 0.01) and group 4 (P < 0.0001). Immunostaining for IGFBP-2 showed strong areas of immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of malignant colonic epithelium compared to benign epithelium. IGFBP-3 immunostaining showed strong areas of immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of malignant and benign colonic epithelium compared to the normal epithelium. Nuclear staining for p53 was observed in three patients from group 3 (two carcinoma, one adenoma) and four patients from group 4 (all carcinoma).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results describe changes in IGFBP-2 expression in colonic neoplasia in patients with and without acromegaly, which suggest that this binding protein may regulate local bioavailability of IGF, which in turn could modulate colonic cell proliferation and/or differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miraki-Moud
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fairclough
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bustin
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Monson
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Besser
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camacho-Hübner
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D000236:Adenoma / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II