Golf course development in a major tourist destination: implications for planning and management.
The planning and design of golf course developments is influenced by many factors. This paper focuses on the environmental ramifications of insufficient or lack of compliance with standard environmental and economic planning practices. Specifically, it looks at a tourist destination location that was under the influence of extensive land development and investment speculation. The Gold Coast in Australia was the focal point for large overseas investment due to changes in government legislation regarding foreign investment. Due to the economic climate in the second half of the 1980s many golf course resort developments were built, approved, or planned. Many of these circumvented normal business and environment planning processes. The result has been a dangerous concentration of golf facilities in environmentally sensitive areas and an oversupply of golf facilities. Both of these matters are discussed in terms of the general planning process and the potential economic and environmental impacts to the Gold Coast and similar destinations in other parts of the world.
Warnken
J
J
School of Environmental and Applied Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia. j.warnken@mailbox.gu.edu.au
Thompson
D
D
Zakus
D H
DH
D003132:Commerce; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004467:Economics; D004777:Environment; D006055:Golf; D006801:Humans; D011050:Policy Making; D011640:Public Policy; D011998:Recreation