Endemic Pemphigus foliaceus ("Fogo selvagem"): a series from the Northeastern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, 1973-1998.
Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus (EPF) is a bullous autoimmune skin disease whose incidence used to be high in the State of São Paulo (SP), Brazil, during the forties, but has declined thereafter.


OBJECTIVE
to report a series of EPF patients from the northeastern region of SP.


METHODS
a retrospective study concerning demographic and epidemiological data of patients seen from 1973 to 1998 was conducted at the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, SP.


RESULTS
bullous disease was diagnosed in 340 patients, 245 with EPF (72.1%), 9.4 cases per year, 60.4% females, and 70.2% white, 7 to 82 year-old (29.4% in their teens); 46.9% lived in the rural zone. Concerning profession, housewives predominated among women (67.6%) and agricultural workers among men (40.2%). The time of disease was less than 1 year in 62.0% of cases, followed by 1 and 5 years (27%), and more than 5 years for the remaining patients (11%). 36.7% of patients were referred by the Direção Regional de Saúde (DIR) XVIII of Ribeirão Preto, with the largest number of cases being from Ribeirão Preto and Batatais: 33.3% and 23.3%, respectively; 22% from DIR XIII (Franca); 13.5% from DIR VII (Araraquara); 2.9% from DIR IX (Barretos); 4.1% from other DIRs of SP, and 20.8% from other States (16.7% from Minas Gerais). Thirteen (5.3%) patients reported occurrence of the disease in some relative, and 4 (1.6%) in neighbors.


CONCLUSIONS
the present data characterize the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo as a remaining endemic focus of EPF.
Chiossi
M P
MP
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medical Clinics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Roselino
A M
AM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies