Genetic and linkage analysis of cleistogamy in soybean.
Early maturing cultivars of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] native to the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk (Sakhalin and Kuril Islands) and eastern Hokkaido (northern Japan) have been used in breeding for chilling tolerance. These cultivars have a strong tendency to produce cleistogamous flowers throughout their blooming period. This study was conducted to determine the genetic basis of cleistogamy in an early maturing cultivar, Karafuto-1, introduced from Sakhalin. Genetic analysis was performed using F1 plants, the F2 population, and 50 F3 families produced by crossing between Karafuto-1 and a chasmogamous cultivar, Toyosuzu. F2 plants had chasmogamous flowers, indicating that chasmogamy was dominant to cleistogamy. Analysis of F2 populations and F3 families generated segregation data that was close to a two-gene model with epistatic interactions, although a portion of the pooled F3 data on the frequency of chasmogamous segregants from cleistogamous families significantly deviated from the model. The results suggested that a minimum of two genes with epistatic effects were involved in the genetic control of cleistogamy. Furthermore, cleistogamy was associated with early flowering in the F2 and F3 populations. A gene for cleistogamy was linked to one of the recessive genes responsible for insensitivity to incandescent long daylength.
Takahashi
R
R
Legume Breeding Laboratory, National Agriculture Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. masako@narc.affrc.go.jp
Kurosaki
H
H
Yumoto
S
S
Han
O K
OK
Abe
J
J
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008027:Light; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics*