title: Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: experience in 72 procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for a variety of adrenal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy from January 1995 until March 1999. The indications for the treatment were limited to either functioning or nonfunctioning adrenal masses without radiologic evidence of involvement of the surrounding tissues. The indication for bilateral adrenalectomy was Cushing's disease after the failure of other therapies or Cushing's syndrome secondary to ectopic ACTH secretion without the discovery of a primary neoplasm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five of the adrenalectomies were performed on the left side and 33 on the right side, and 4 were performed bilaterally. The right-sided procedures required a mean operating time of 130 minutes (range 85-200 minutes), the left-sided procedures required a mean operating time of 140 minutes (range 95-200 minutes), and the bilateral procedures required a mean operating time of 240 minutes (range 210-290 minutes). A conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy was necessary for 3 patients (4%). Intraoperative complications were reported in 6 patients (8%). Postoperative complications likewise occurred in six patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These procedures proved to be safe and able to remove the majority of either functioning or nonfunctioning benign adrenal masses. Some controversy remains regarding the safety of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large lesions and the safety of bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy because of bleeding risks, anesthetic risks, and long operative times. The effectiveness of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for nonfunctioning adrenal masses with histologic findings of carcinoma has not yet been proved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biologic Science, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy. porpiglia@libero.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porpiglia
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garrone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giraudo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Destefanis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000592:standards*; D007813:Laparotomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies