title: Enhanced cytokine response to surgical trauma in patients with colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer is an immunologic challenge, and it was hypothesized that the presence of a cancer could modulate the cytokine response to operative trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients operated with colonic or rectal resections; 9 patients with colorectal cancer and 16 patients with benign lesions--8 of which were inflammatory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Venous blood samples were collected preoperatively; every 30 min intraoperatively; 6 h postoperatively and daily for 6 days in the postoperative period.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were analyzed by commercial ELISAs, whereas IL-6 was analyzed by the B9 bio-assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative cytokine levels were similar in the malignant and benign groups, but intraoperative IL-6, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha serum levels and postoperative IL-6 and TNF-alpha serum levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the malignant group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that colorectal malignancy enhances the IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6 response to surgical trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Malmö, Allmänna Sjukhuset, Sweden.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Syk
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hedges
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zederfeldt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Risberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha