title: Nerve growth factor induces P2X(3) expression in sensory neurons.
abstract: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) are neuroprotective for subpopulations of sensory neurons and thus are candidates for pain treatment. However, delivering these factors to damaged neurons will invariably result in undamaged systems also being treated, with possible consequences for sensory processing. In sensory neurons the purinergic receptor P2X(3) is found predominantly in GDNF-sensitive nociceptors. ATP signalling via the P2X(3) receptor may contribute to pathological pain, suggesting an important role for this receptor in regulating nociceptive function. We therefore investigated the effects of intrathecal GDNF or NGF on P2X(3) expression in adult rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In control spinal cords, P2X(3) expression was restricted to a narrow band of primary afferent terminals within inner lamina II (II(i)). Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor treatment increased P2X(3) immunoreactivity within lamina II(i) but not elsewhere in the cord. Nerve growth factor treatment, however, induced novel P2X(3) expression, with intense immunoreactivity in axons projecting to lamina I and outer lamina II and to the ventro-medial afferent bundle beneath the central canal. In the normal DRG, we found a greater proportion of P2X(3)-positive neurons at cervical levels, many of which were large-diameter and calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive. In both cervical and lumbar DRG, the number of P2X(3)-positive cells increased following GDNF or NGF treatment. De novo expression of P2X(3) in NGF-sensitive nociceptors may contribute to chronic inflammatory pain.
authors.affiliation: Sensory Function Group, Centre for Neuroscience Research, Guy's King's and St. Thomas' School of Biomedical Science, King's College London, London, UK. matt.ramer@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ramer
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: McMahon
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000737:chemistry; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000737:chemistry; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000737:chemistry; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000032:analysis*; D058477:Receptors, Purinergic P2X3; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C495041:Gdnf protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C546410:P2rx3 protein, rat; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058477:Receptors, Purinergic P2X3; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor