title: Vitamin supplement use and diabetes mellitus incidence among adults in the United States.
abstract: In some studies, use of vitamin supplements has been inversely associated with the risk of several chronic diseases, but little is known about whether vitamin use affects the risk of diabetes mellitus. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, the author examined whether vitamin use was related to diabetes incidence in a cohort of United States adults aged 25--74 years. In the analytic sample of 9,573 participants, 1,010 participants developed diabetes mellitus during about 20 years of follow-up. A smaller percentage of participants with incident diabetes (21.4%) reported using vitamins during the previous month at baseline compared with participants who remained free of this disease (33.5%) (p < 0.001). After multiple adjustment, the hazard ratios for participants using vitamin supplements were 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 0.93) for all participants, 0.70 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.92) for men, and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.11) for women. Sex did not modify the association between vitamin use and diabetes incidence. Whether specific vitamins or other factors closely correlated with vitamin use account for this observation is unclear.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mailstop K24, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. esf2@cdc.gov
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D044383:Black People; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014815:Vitamins; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins