title: A nonlinear approach to modeling of electrically stimulated skeletal muscle.
abstract: This paper is concerned with the development and analysis of a nonlinear approach to modeling of the contraction of electrically stimulated skeletal muscle. The model structure is based on a network of locally valid linear models which are blended together by a scheduler. Data are from experiments with rabbit tibialis anterior muscles in which the muscles contracted isometrically while being stimulated by supramaximal impulses with randomly varying inter-pulse intervals. The model accounts for nonlinear effects due to variations of the stimulation frequency, such as the "catch-like" effect. It is shown that this modeling technique is suitable for modeling the contraction of muscles with very different characteristics, such as muscle with a majority of fast motor units and muscle with mainly slow motor units. The approach is also suitable as a basis for the design of muscle stimulation controllers. Index Terms-Functional electrical stimulation, local model network, muscle modeling, nonlinear system identification.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Systems and Control, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK. H.Gollee@eng.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gollee
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Murray-Smith
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jarvis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008954:Models, Biological; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D011817:Rabbits