title: Surgery for ovarian masses in infants, children, and adolescents: 102 consecutive patients treated in a 15-year period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ovarian pathology, although rare in children, must be included in the differential diagnosis of all girls who present with abdominal pain, an abdominal mass, or precocious puberty.
  
  
  METHODS
  To improve clinical appreciation of these lesions, the authors reviewed the presentation, evaluation, and outcome of all patients with ovarian pathology surgically treated at their institution since 1985.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred two girls (aged 9.8 +/- 5.5 years; range, 2 days to 20 years) underwent 106 separate ovarian operations (43 salpingo-oophorectomies, 21 oophorectomies, 33 ovarian cystectomies, and 9 ovarian biopsies). Of those presenting with acute abdominal pain (n = 59), 25 (42%) had ovarian torsion (14 associated with a mature teratoma), and only 1 (2%) had a malignant tumor. In contrast, of those presenting with an abdominal mass (n = 23), 6 (26%) had malignancies. There was no age difference between those with benign disease (9.9 +/- 5.6 years; n = 96) and those with malignant tumors (8.6 +/- 3.9 years, n = 10). Nine children had 10 operations for presumed malignant tumors (3 dysgerminomas, 2 immature teratomas with foci of yolk sac tumor, 2 juvenile granulosa cell tumors, 1 yolk sac tumor, and 1 Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor). These patients all had unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 4 had chemotherapy, and all are now disease free at 8.4 +/- 4.1 years follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovarian pathology remains a rare indication for surgery in girls less than 20 years of age. Because most of these lesions are benign, ovarian-preserving operations should be performed whenever feasible.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Pediatrics at the Texas Children's Hospital and the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cass
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chintagumpala
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bloss
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Milewicz
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Minifee
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wesson
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Nuchtern
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009852:Omentum / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome