title: alpha1 Integrin cytoplasmic domain is involved in focal adhesion formation via association with intracellular proteins.
abstract: Integrins are heterodimeric adhesion receptors consisting of alpha- and beta-subunits capable of binding extracellular matrix molecules as well as other adhesion receptors on neighbouring cells. These interactions induce various signal transduction pathways in many cell types, leading to cytoskeletal reorganization, phosphorylation and induction of gene expression. Integrin ligation leads to cytoplasmic protein-protein interactions requiring both integrin cytoplasmic domains, and these domains are initiation points for focal adhesion formation and subsequent signal transduction cascades. In previous studies we have shown that the very short cytoplasmic alpha1 tail is required for post-ligand events, such as cell spreading as well as actin stress-fibre formation. In the present paper we report that cells lacking the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha1 integrin subunit are unable to form proper focal adhesions and that phosphorylation on tyrosine residues of focal adhesion components is reduced on alpha1beta1-specific substrates. The alpha1 cytoplasmic sequence is a specific recognition site for focal adhesion components like paxillin, talin, alpha-actinin and pp125FAK. It seems to account for alpha1-specific signalling, since when peptides that mimic the cytoplasmic domain of alpha1 are transferred into cells, they influence alpha1beta1-specific adhesion, presumably by competing for binding partners. For alpha1 integrin/protein binding, the conserved Lys-Ile-Gly-Phe-Phe-Lys-Arg motif and, in particular, the two lysine residues, are important.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Löster
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vossmeyer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reutter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Danker
mesh_terms: D000185:Actinin / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D016466:CHO Cells; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D016764:Cell Polarity; D006224:Cricetinae; D003593:Cytoplasm; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism*; D039423:Integrin alpha1; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009284:Naphthols; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051419:Paxillin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D016608:Talin / Q000378:metabolism; D014227:Triazines
chemical_list: C409762:2-(3-aminophenol)-6-(4-amino-1-naphthol)-4-chloro-triazine; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D039423:Integrin alpha1; D016023:Integrins; D009284:Naphthols; D009842:Oligopeptides; D051419:Paxillin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C496063:Pxn protein, rat; D016608:Talin; D014227:Triazines; D000185:Actinin; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496052:Ptk2 protein, rat