title: Exposure to bisphenol A during the fetal and suckling periods disrupts sexual differentiation of the locus coeruleus and of behavior in the rat.
abstract: This study tested the effect of exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) early in life on the sexual differentiation in the brain and behavior in Wistar rats. We administered BPA only to mother rats during pregnancy and lactation at a dosage of approximately 1.5 mg/kg per day far less than the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL; 50 mg/kg per day). Control female offspring showed a higher activity, a lower avoidance memory, and larger locus coeruleus than the male controls, while the BPA-exposed group did not show any sexual dimorphism. BPA did not affect the reproductive organs or sex hormones. Our results suggest that the current methods to determine the NOAEL of artificial industrial chemicals may not be sufficient to detect a disruption of the sexual differentiation in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University 60, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008125:Locus Coeruleus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012733:Sex Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds