title: Fusion proteins of B7.1 and a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific antibody fragment opsonize CEA-expressing tumor cells and coactivate T-cell immunity.
abstract: Genetic engineering can be used to generate antigen-specific molecules for improved tumor immunotherapy. We have constructed genes coding for fusion proteins consisting of a high-affinity antibody single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) specific for the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the costimulation domain of the murine B7.1 molecule (mB7.1) linked to the antibody moiety by an IgG3 peptide linker. The hybrid genes were constructed in 2 orientations, one with the scFv located N-terminal to mB7.1 and one vice versa. Soluble proteins were expressed by CHO cells, purified using anti-idiotype-affinity chromatography and characterized by tumor-cell binding and costimulation activity. When tumor cells expressing CEA on the cell membrane were opsonized with the CEA-specific costimulators, both fusion proteins specifically stimulated murine T-cell preparations to proliferate in a similar manner. Our data suggest that "costimulation coating" of tumor cells may be a suitable approach for activation of a sustained cellular antitumor response. It also provides the opportunity to increase tumor immunogenicity using easily generated soluble fusion proteins that advantageously link biological functions of both the humoral and the cellular arm of the specific immune system.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Shively
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fleischer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neumaier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C055966:immunoglobulin Fv