title: Conditioned nutritional deficiencies in the cardiomyopathic hamster heart.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence indicates that nutritional factors may be important in the maintenance of myocyte structure and energetics. The failing myocardium has been reported to exhibit a depletion of several nutrients that are important for the maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis and cellular energetics, and levels of oxidative stress. This nutrient depletion may contribute to the progressive deterioration in myocardial structure and function observed in heart failure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the extent to which advanced cardiomyopathy results in a depletion of nutrients and/or metabolites and antioxidants, and whether supplementation with these nutrients may influence cellular structure or function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiomyopathic hamsters were randomly placed to one of the three following diet groups: chow; control gelled diet; or a supplemented gelled diet that provided taurine, carnitine, coenzyme Q10, selenium, vitamins E and C, creatine, thiamine and L-cysteine. After approximately three months of supplementation, one group of hamsters underwent functional testing using a modified Langendorff technique with biopsy samples taken for electron microscopy. Myocardial nutrient concentrations were determined in a second group of diseased and nondiseased hamsters of the same age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiomyopathy resulted in a depletion of vitamin E, creatine, carnitine, taurine and coenzyme Q10. Supplementation resulted in improved cardiac ultrastructure, function and contractility compared with nonsupplemented hamsters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies suggest that heart failure results in 'condition-related nutrient deficiencies' that, once corrected, can significantly impact on heart function and structure.
authors.affiliation: The University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Keith
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Jeejeebhoy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurian
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butany
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dawood
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madapallimattam
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sole
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009752:Nutritional Status; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014451:Ubiquinone; D014810:Vitamin E