title: The "botryoid sign": a characteristic feature of rhabdomyosarcomas in the head and neck.
abstract: We investigated nine patients with rhabdomyosarcoma in the head and neck (6-53 years of age), using CT and MRI. The tumours originated in the paranasal sinuses (3), cheek (2), soft palate (1), orbit (1), sternocostoclavicular muscle (1) and parapharyngeal space (1). The histological subtype was embryonal in five, alveolar in three and pleomorphic in one case. The tumours enhanced markedly and heterogeneous on CT and MRI. The masses were isointense or gave slightly higher signal than surrounding muscles on T1- and heterogeneously high signal on T2-weighted images. In four tumours, multiple ring enhancement resembling bunches of grapes. This appears to be characteristic of rhabdomyosarcoma and probably reflects a component of botryoid-type rhabdomyosarcoma in which mucoid-rich stroma is covered with a thin layer of tumour cells. We have named this imaging feature the "botryoid sign".
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe City General Hospital, 4-6 Minatojimanakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0046, Japan. akirakun@z2.zzz.or.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakudo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daikokuya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media