title: Slit-ventricle syndrome secondary to shunt-induced suture ossification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report five children with slit-ventricle syndrome who were found to have increased intracranial pressure despite functioning cerebrospinal fluid shunts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computed tomographic scans demonstrated erosion of the inner table of the cranium and sclerosis of the cranial sutures, particularly the coronal suture. Magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated no cerebrospinal fluid over the convexities. The patients were treated with cranial expansion operations that included removal of the sclerotic sutures, which were examined histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, symptoms resolved for all children. Sutures were abnormal and contained foci of cartilage and bone within abnormally arranged fibrous tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We postulate that chronic overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid via shunts dampens the normal cerebral pressure waves; growth of the calvarium is thus understimulated, and this leads to ossification of the sutures, which become unable to expand to allow normal brain growth. Shunt-induced craniostenosis should be considered for children with symptoms of slit-ventricle syndrome for whom shunts are functional but intracranial pressure is increased. Cranial expansion operations may be more appropriate treatments than subtemporal decompressions for such children, given the diffuseness of the suture pathological features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. albrigl@chplink.chp.edu
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Albright
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tyler-Kabara
mesh_terms: D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000295:instrumentation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D013537:Sutures