title: Inhibition of the catalytic activity of cell adhesion kinase beta by protein-tyrosine phosphatase-PEST-mediated dephosphorylation.
abstract: Protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-PEST is a cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase that can bind and dephosphorylate the focal adhesion-associated proteins p130(CAS) and paxillin. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and cell adhesion kinase beta (CAKbeta)/PYK2/CADTK/RAFTK are protein-tyrosine kinases that can colocalize with, bind to, and induce tyrosine phosphorylation of p130(CAS) and paxillin. Thus, we considered the possibility that these kinases might be substrates for PTP-PEST. Using a combination of substrate-trapping assays and overexpression of PTP-PEST in mammalian cells, CAKbeta was found to be a substrate for PTP-PEST. Both the major autophosphorylation site of CAKbeta (Tyr(402)) and activation loop tyrosine residues, Tyr(579) and Tyr(580), were targeted for dephosphorylation by PTP-PEST. Dephosphorylation of CAKbeta by PTP-PEST dramatically inhibited CAKbeta kinase activity. In contrast, FAK was a poor substrate for PTP-PEST, and treatment with PTP-PEST had no effect on FAK kinase activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin, which is greatly enhanced by CAKbeta overexpression, was dramatically reduced upon coexpression of PTP-PEST. Finally, endogenous PTP-PEST and endogenous CAKbeta were found to localize to similar cellular compartments in epithelial and smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that CAKbeta is a substrate of PTP-PEST and that FAK is a poor PTP-PEST substrate. Further, PTP-PEST can negatively regulate CAKbeta signaling by inhibiting the catalytic activity of the kinase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dunty
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schaller
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D002460:Cell Line; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D054594:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 12; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; C516738:PTPN12 protein, human; D054594:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 12; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases