title: Actions of several substituted short analogues of porcine galanin on isolated rat fundus strips: a structure-activity relationship.
abstract: The activity of porcine galanin (Gal) fragments and analogues were tested in vitro using rat gastric fundus strips. The peptides contracted longitudinal smooth muscle in a concentration-dependent manner with the following order of potency: [Nle4]Gal(1-15), Gal(-15), [Cle4]Gal(1-15), [Hse6]Gal(1-15), [Va14]Gal(1-15), [Ile4]Gal(1-15), [endoTrip2a, Cle4]Gal(1-15), [desThr3, Cle4]Gal(1-15), [D-Leu4] Gal(1-15), [desLeu4]Gal(1-15). On the contrary [desTrp2, Val4]Gal (1-15) remained inactive up to 10 microM. The values of Hill's coefficients estimated from the appropriate concentration-contraction curves for all analogues except for [Val4]Gal(1-15), [Hse6]Gal(1-15), [endoTrp2a,Cle4]Gal(1-15), [desLeu4]Gal(1-15) and [D-Leu4] Gal(1-15) did not significantly differ from unity. Our results indicate that the integrity of the first four N-terminal amino acids of Gal molecule is essential for the full excitatory myogenic action of the peptide in rat gastric fundus. Similarly, substitution, addition or deletion of amino acid residues in positions two, three, four and six can considerably influence the ability of Gal analogues to interact with Gal receptors. The data acquired in the course of our structure-activity study suggest that both N- and C-terminals of Gal molecule contribute towards the affinity and activity of Gal in rat gastric smooth muscle cell receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk,  Poland. rokor@amedec.amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Korolkiewicz
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Konstański
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rekowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruczyński
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szyk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grzybowska
authors.forename: K Z
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Korolkiewicz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petrusewicz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019004:Galanin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044088:Receptors, Galanin; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D044088:Receptors, Galanin; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; D019004:Galanin