title: Hemodynamic changes in two patients with retinal circulatory disturbances shown by fluorescein angiography using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess hemodynamic changes in two patients with severely affected retinal circulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 62-year-old man with central retinal artery occlusion and a 46-year-old woman with branch retinal vein occlusion were studied by fluorescein angiography with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). Fluorescein angiography with SLO revealed hypofluorescent clumps of different sizes and hyperfluorescent dots in large retinal vessels. The velocities of the hypofluorescent clumps were calculated between two points on the same vessel, and movements of the hypofluorescent clumps and the hyperfluorescent dots were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The velocities of the hypofluorescent clumps were slow and varied in the same vessel. The velocities of the hypofluorescent clumps increased at the sites with narrow calibers. The hypofluorescent clumps occasionally changed size in the bloodstream. The hypofluorescent clumps flowed along the walls of retinal vessels. Distance between consecutive hypofluorescent clumps was wide. Some vessels filled with hypofluorescent clumps were also detected. Rolling hyperfluorescent dots were seen in fluorescent plasma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypofluorescent clumps were concluded to be packed erythrocytes and the hyperfluorescent dots corresponded to leukocytes and platelets moving in the vessels. Fluorescein angiography with SLO is a useful method for evaluating hemodynamic changes using the hypofluorescent clumps in severely affected retinal circulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masaoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohsaki
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019721:Ophthalmoscopes; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000379:methods; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*