title: Tolerance during sedation in a pediatric ICU patient: effects on the BIS monitor.
abstract: The authors demonstrate the effects of tolerance as measured using the bispectral index (BIS) monitor. Over a 5-day period, there was a twofold increase in the dose of midazolam and a threefold increase in the dose of fentanyl required to provide the same level of sedation and the same BIS number in a 9 year old boy receiving sedation during mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, The Division of Pediatric Critical Care/Pediatric Anesthesiology, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. Joseph_Tobias@muccmail.missouri.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tobias
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Berkenbosch
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000758:Anesthesia; D000777:Anesthetics; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D002648:Child; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005283:Fentanyl; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000777:Anesthetics; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl