title: [Can common bile duct lithiasis be removed laparoscopically without external biliary drainage?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the indications, feasibility and results of laparoscopic treatment of common bile duct stones without biliary drainage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1992 and 1999, laparoscopic procedures were performed in 70 consecutive patients, mean age 60 +/- 15 years (range: 18-82). Stone removal was attempted via the cystic duct (n=25) or choledocotomy (n=45). The emptiness of the common bile duct was checked by intraoperative cholangiography or endoscopy. After choledocotomy, closure was performed by interrupted or non-interrupted suture with slowly resorbable thread. Transcystic drainage was used whenever necessary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine conversions to laparotomy were necessary (12.8%). Among the 61 patients who had an exclusively laparoscopic procedure, 21 were treated via the transcystic route and 40 through choledocotomy. Biliary endoscopy was possible in only 10 of the 21 patients (47.6%) treated via the transcystic route and in all with choledocotomy. No biliary drainage was used in 16 of the 21 patients treated via the transcystic route and in 39 of the 40 treated through choledocotomy. The 30-day mortality was 1/61 (1.6%). Morbidity was 9.8% and 2 patients underwent a second laparoscopic procedure (one fistula on a choledocotomy suture, one hemoperitoneum of unknown origin). An endoscopic sphincterotomy for residual stone was necessary in 4 patients (4/61, 6.5%), 2 after choledocotomy for an unrecognized stone without biliary drainage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm the feasibility of laparoscopic treatment of common bile duct stones and suggest it can be performed without biliary drainage in most cases.
authors.affiliation: Département Médico-Chirurgical de Pathologie Digestive, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, et Université Paris-VI, Paris, France. thierry.perniceni@imm.fr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Perniceni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Levard
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Boudet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gayet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002758:Cholangiography; D002768:Choledochostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009017:Morbidity; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome