title: Effect of nucleus pulposus on the neural activity of dorsal root ganglion.
abstract: METHODS
  This study was designed to investigate, using neurophysiologic techniques in an in vivo rat model, the effect of application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root on the neural activity of the dorsal root ganglion and the corresponding receptive fields.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess a further role of the dorsal root ganglion in mechanisms of radicular pain in lumbar disc herniation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that the epidural application of autologous nucleus pulposus without mechanical compression causes nerve root inflammation and related radicular pain in lumbar disc herniation. Concerning the dorsal root ganglion, its mechanical hypersensitivity and potential for generating ectopic discharges have been reported. However, the effect of autologous nucleus pulposus on the dorsal root ganglion is uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  In adult Sprague-Dawley rats spontaneous neural activity was recorded from the surgically exposed L5 dorsal root using electrophysiologic techniques, and the mechanosensitivity of L5 dorsal root ganglia and corresponding receptive fields on the hind paw were measured using calibrated nylon filaments. Autologous nucleus pulposus from the tail or fat was implanted at the L5 nerve root. Neural activity was monitored for 6 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spontaneous neural activity in the nucleus pulposus group gradually increased and showed significant differences compared with the fat group from 2.5 to 6 hours after exposure. The mechanosensitivity of the dorsal root ganglia showed significant increases compared with the fat group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root, the dorsal root ganglion demonstrated increased excitability and mechanical hypersensitivity. These results suggest that nucleus pulposus causes excitatory changes in the dorsal root ganglion.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. takebaya@sapmed.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cavanaugh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cüneyt Ozaktay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kallakuri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000473:pathology*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012684:Sensory Thresholds