title: DNA damaging agents increase gadd153 (CHOP-10) messenger RNA levels in bovine preimplantation embryos cultured in vitro.
abstract: DNA damage and other forms of stress are believed to be important factors in reducing the efficiency of in vitro embryo transfer techniques in farm animals. The expression of mRNAs from stress-responsive genes such as gadd153 (CHOP-10, ddit3) may provide a means of assessing the quality of embryos produced in vitro. Treatment of bovine granulosa cell cultures with the DNA-damaging agents, methyl methane-sulphonate (MMS) or sodium arsenite, induced the expression of an mRNA, which hybridized with the hamster gadd153 cDNA. Part of the corresponding bovine cDNA was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and sequenced. Using a sensitive reverse transcriptase-PCR assay we have investigated the expression of gadd153 and beta-actin in blastocyst-stage bovine embryos treated with MMS or sodium arsenite. Both agents produced an increase in the ratio of gadd153 mRNA relative to beta-actin. These results show that there are changes in gene expression in blastocyst-stage bovine embryos in response to genotoxic stress, suggesting that an increase in gadd153 mRNA is a useful marker of DNA damage and metabolic stress in preimplantation embryos.
authors.affiliation: The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fontanier-Razzaq
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rees
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D018053:Arsenites / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism*; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018053:Arsenites; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009153:Mutagens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; C017947:sodium arsenite; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate