title: Treatment of chronic sialadenitis in a murine model of Sjögren's syndrome by local fasL gene transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Infection of Fas (Fas/CD95)-mutant C57BL/6 (B6)-lpr/lpr mice with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) leads to a chronic sialadenitis similar to that of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether chronic sialadenitis would also occur in Fas ligand (FasL/CD95L)-mutant B6-gld/gld mice upon infection with MCMV and whether the expression of FasL by local gene transfer using recombinant adenoviral vectors would be an effective therapeutic strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  B6-gld/gld mice were infected intraperitoneally with MCMV, and salivary glands were analyzed histologically at different time points. For treatment of sialadenitis, recombinant adenoviral vectors expressing the fasL gene (AdLoxpFasL + AxCANCre) or the lacZ gene (AdCMVLacZ) were locally injected into the salivary glands of MCMV-infected B6-gld/gld mice and uninfected B6-+/+ and B6-gld/gld mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following MCMV infection, B6-gld/gld mice developed an acute and chronic sialadenitis characterized by multiple foci of infiltrating T cells. After local injection of adenoviral vectors, high levels of lacZ or fasL gene expression could be detected in acinar and ductal cells. Treatment of acute and chronic sialadenitis in B6-gld/gld mice with local fasL gene transfer resulted in a significant reduction in the number of inflammatory foci and tissue destruction in salivary glands compared with mice treated with AdCMVLacZ. Despite high levels of FasL expression after injection of recombinant vectors, <5% of ductal and acinar cells were TUNEL positive, demonstrating that, in this model of SS, acinar and ductal cells were not highly sensitive to FasL-mediated apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic sialadenitis similar to that of SS developed in B6-gld/gld mice after MCMV infection. FasL expression was reconstituted by local gene transfer, resulting in significant reduction of infiltrating mononuclear cells, which indicates that local gene transfer of fasL might be a novel treatment for chronic sialadenitis.
authors.affiliation: University of Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fleck
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller-Ladner
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mountz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019463:Mice, Inbred MRL lpr; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D018146:Muromegalovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D012793:Sialadenitis / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger