title: Influence of topoisomerase II inhibitors and ionizing radiation on growth arrest and cell death pathways in the breast tumor cell.
abstract: Promotion of apoptosis (which is frequently dependent on functional p53) is thought to be critical for the effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Studies in this as well as other laboratories have demonstrated that breast tumor cells are relatively refractory to apoptosis in response to modalities that induce DNA damage. This report describes our efforts to understand the basis for the absence of an apoptotic response to adriamycin and ionizing radiation in the breast tumor cell based on alterations in cell-cycle and apoptotic regulatory proteins. We also report on the permissive effects of Vitamin D3 and the Vitamin D3 analog EB 1089 in the promotion of apoptosis in p53-wild-type cells. Our studies suggest that regulation of apoptosis in the breast tumor cell may require modulation of signaling events other than or in addition to the p53-dependent DNA damage response.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmacology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA. gerwitz@hsc.vcu.edu
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gewirtz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundaram
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Magnet
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004249:DNA Damage; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002117:Calcitriol; C078903:seocalcitol