title: Typhlitis (neutropenic enterocolitis) after a single dose of vinorelbine.
abstract: We report a case of a 50-year-old man with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung, who developed fatal neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis) after a standard dose of the cytotoxic drug vinorelbine. Blood cultures were negative for all microorganisms tested for. Stool cultures were negative for enteric rods but direct examination of fresh stool revealed the presence of Giardia lamblia. Abdominal pain and diarrhoea developed very rapidly while the patient was only moderately neutropenic. Metronidazole was prescribed without clinical benefit: the abdominal pain remained stable. The duration of neutropenia was very short (4 days). The abdominal catastrophe ending in shock occurred after complete recovery of the neutrophil count. Neutropenic colitis has been reported with increasing frequency in solid tumours after the introduction of taxanes. This complication has been observed mainly in phase I studies, near the maximally tolerated doses (MTD). The combined use of vinorelbine has recently been reported to exacerbate the toxic effects of taxane on the colon. The case presented here demonstrates that typhlitis can occur even with vinorelbine alone, used at a standard recommended dose (30 mg/m2).
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Oncologia Medica, Rovigo General Hospital, Azienda ULSS 18, Via Tre Martiri 140, 45100 Rovigo, Italy. oncologia.ro@azisanrovigo.it
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrazzí
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanotti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077235:Vinorelbine
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D014747:Vinblastine; D000077235:Vinorelbine