title: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gallbladder stones are very common in patients with sickle cell disease and are the cause of recurrent abdominal pain. Their management has been highly controversial, especially for children. Nonoperated patients and those treated on an emergency basis have a very high rate of morbidity (>50%).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of a series of 29 homozygous SS sickle cell children who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between 1991 and April 1998.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only in one case a conversion was necessary (early in the series). Exploration of the common bile duct was done via intraoperative cholangiography. There were no mortalities. The morbidity rate was 17%; (however, of the five patients concerned, four suffered from hyperthermia for 2 days. All of the children were improved and enjoyed resolution of their abdominal pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the earliest time possible, along with correct perioperative management, is the treatment of choice for cholelithiasis in children with sickle cell disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Robert Debré, 48 bd Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Séguier-Lipszyc
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Lagausie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benkerrou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Di Napoli
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aigrain
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000601:surgery; D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000208:Acute Disease; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000601:surgery; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009266:Nalbuphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen; D009266:Nalbuphine