Noncovalent labeling of proteins in capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.
Interest in the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) as a tool for protein separations continues to grow. Additionally, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection schemes promise ultrasensitive detection of small quantities of these important biomolecules following their separation. In most cases, LIF detection of proteins necessitates their prior derivatization with a fluorescent label molecule. To minimize the amount of additional sample handling and time associated with such labeling procedures, not to mention the sometimes-stringent pH and temperature controls they require, noncovalent labeling is presented as a viable alternative. This review article considers established methods for noncovalent labeling of proteins for their subsequent analysis by CE-LIF. Label molecules suitable for excitation and emission in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions of the spectrum are enumerated for a variety of protein analytes.
Colyer
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Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA. colyerc@wfu.edu
D000818:Animals; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
D011506:Proteins