title: Oxidative stress induces heme oxygenase-1 immunoreactivity in Müller cells of mouse retina in organ culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 immunoreactivity (IR) was examined in normal untreated retina and in retinal explants after in vitro treatment with stress agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enucleated eyes from young adult C3H mice were immediately fixed and cryosectioned and the retina sections processed for immunocytochemistry with antibodies against HO-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). From other eyes retinas were isolated and maintained in organ culture, either untreated for 4 days maximum or for 21 hours during which the explants were treated the first 3 hours with selected doses of sodium arsenate or hydrogen peroxide. Thereafter, the explants were processed identically with the normal tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the normal retina, HO-1 and GFAP IR was very low. The culturing itself resulted in an increase in both HO-1 and GFAP immunolabeling in Müller cells of explanted retinas. Both sodium arsenate and hydrogen peroxide further induced strong HO-1 IR in Müller cells but not in other retinal cells. In contrast to HO-1, GFAP staining in Müller cells was not altered as a result of treatment, either by sodium arsenate or hydrogen peroxide at any concentration used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show for the first time that HO-1 can be induced in the retina in vitro by conditions of oxidative stress and that enzyme expression is confined exclusively to Müller cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ulyanova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szél
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kutty
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiggert
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Caffé
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Chader
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Veen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001149:Arsenates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003239:Connective Tissue Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D001149:Arsenates; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C009277:sodium arsenate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse