title: Human natural killer cells: a unique innate immunoregulatory role for the CD56(bright) subset.
abstract: During the innate immune response to infection, monocyte-derived cytokines (monokines), stimulate natural killer (NK) cells to produce immunoregulatory cytokines that are important to the host's early defense. Human NK cell subsets can be distinguished by CD56 surface density expression (ie, CD56(bright) and CD56(dim)). In this report, it is shown that CD56(bright) NK cells produce significantly greater levels of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-beta, granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, IL-10, and IL-13 protein in response to monokine stimulation than do CD56(dim) NK cells, which produce negligible amounts of these cytokines. Further, qualitative differences in CD56(bright) NK-derived cytokines are shown to be dependent on the specific monokines present. For example, the monokine IL-15 appears to be required for type 2 cytokine production by CD56(bright) NK cells. It is proposed that human CD56(bright) NK cells have a unique functional role in the innate immune response as the primary source of NK cell-derived immunoregulatory cytokines, regulated in part by differential monokine production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Fehniger
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ghaheri
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghayur
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Caligiuri
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007378:Interleukins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D015759:Ionomycin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate