title: Sensitivity and specificity of methods of assessing the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine sensitivity and specificity of physical examination, fine-needle aspiration, and needle core biopsy of the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  37 dogs and 7 cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional lymph nodes were evaluated by means of physical examination (palpation), fine-needle aspiration, and needle core biopsy. Results were compared with results of histologic examination of the entire lymph node, the current standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumors included 18 sarcomas, 16 carcinomas, 7 mast cell tumors, and 3 other tumors. Carcinomas were more likely to have metastasized to the regional lymph node (7/16 animals) than were sarcomas (2/18). Sensitivity and specificity of physical examination were 60 and 72%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates were 100 and 96%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of histologic examination of needle core biopsy specimens were 64 and 96%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggested that fine-needle aspiration may be a sensitive and specific method of evaluating the regional lymph nodes in dogs and cats with solid tumors, because results correlated well with results of histologic examination of the entire lymph node. Physical examination alone was not a reliable method and should not be used to decide whether to aspirate or biopsy the regional lymph nodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Langenbach
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hendrick
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Shofer
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Sorenmo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000662:veterinary; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000662:veterinary; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity