title: Roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in adjuvant activity of diesel exhaust particles in mice.
abstract: Through an imbalance in Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles, diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are thought to induce Th2-dominated IgE and IgG1 production. However, the roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subtypes in the increased immune responses to antigen in mice exposed to DEP are unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether treatment with anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 mAb abrogated the adjuvant activity of DEP. On day -1 and day 1, each group of mice was injected intraperitoneally with anti-CD4, anti-CD8, or rat IgG (vehicle). On day 0, the mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) or OVA plus DEP. After 3 weeks, each mouse was boosted with 10 microg of OVA alone. On day 7 after the first injection with OVA+DEP or OVA alone, the numbers of total, IA+, CD80+/IA+ and CD86+/IA+ cells in peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) were higher in OVA+DEP-immunized mice than in OVA-immunized mice. Depletion of CD8+ cells resulted in a modulation of the production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-12 and PGE(2) in peritoneal exudate fluid from OVA+DEP-immunized mice. On day 28, DEP injection markedly increased IL-4 production in the culture supernatants of spleen cells from CD4+ or CD8+-depleted mice. Depletion of CD8+ cells in OVA+DEP-immunized mice resulted in a decrease in IFN-gamma production compared with that in OVA-immunized mice. Adjuvant activity of DEP was observed in anti-OVA IgE, anti-OVA IgG1, anti-OVA IgG3, and total IgE production. Depletion of CD4+ T cells abrogated the adjuvant effect of DEP on anti-OVA IgE, and anti-OVA IgG1 production in plasma. However, depletion of CD8+ T cell inhibited the upregulated anti-OVA IgG3 production. These findings suggest that DEP injection may affect not only the function of CD4+ cells but also that of CD8+ T-cell subsets to modulate the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokine in PEC and type-1 and type-2 cytokine production in spleens.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. fujimaki@nies.go.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujimaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ui
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ushio
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010047:Ovalbumin