title: Results from bone mineral density scans in twenty-two complete lesion paraplegics.
abstract: METHODS
  The bone mineral density (BMD) in 22 male subjects with complete lesion paraplegia sustained 1.8 to 27 years previously was measured. The measurements were used in screening each subject for a research programme investigating the restoration of standing using functional electrical stimulation (FES).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the extent of bone loss in this group of subjects and correlation to age, time post-injury and level of lesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  District General Hospital in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in the lumbar spine and femoral neck and expressed as an indirect index to an age matched 'normal' population. Fracture risk was described from this score using published data indicating that the risk increased with each standard deviation difference from the 'normal' mean.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bone density in the lumbar spine was better preserved than in the femoral neck. BMD in the lumbar spine was found to be greater than the mean from the age matched population in 57.1% of subjects. Bone loss at the femoral neck suggested that 81.8% of the subjects were at increased risk of fracture, but only 22.7% were at a high risk. No correlation was found between BMD at the lumbar spine or the femoral neck and age, lesion level or time post-injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study indicates that further investigation into baseline BMD values for the SCI population is required to improve information provided to patients and assessment of fracture risk on an individual basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dunkerley
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tromans
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D015519:Bone Density; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000473:pathology*; D012107:Research Design; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D044465:White People