title: Effects of fibrin glue on injured rabbit ureter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibrin glue is used as a hemostatic agent, has potential as a tissue adhesive, and may promote tissue healing. The histologic effects of fibrin glue on the ureter have not yet been fully investigated. We studied the effect of fibrin glue on the thickness of various layers of injured and uninjured ureters and its effect on vessel density in the rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbits were divided into two groups. The ureters were exposed using a midline abdominal incision. In the study group, one of the ureters was crushed, and fibrin glue was instilled around both ureters. In the control group, one of the ureters was crushed, but no fibrin glue was instilled. The animals were sacrificed at 6 weeks and the ureters examined histologically. Using NIH Image Analysis solftware, the thickness of the urothelium, muscular, and adventitial layers and the cross-sectional area of the ureters were measured. The vessel density of the ureters was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Whereas the thickness of the epithelium was increased in the crushed ureters treated with fibrin glue (20.7 microm v 15.3 microm), the thickness was reduced in the uncrushed ureters treated with fibrin glue compared with controls (16.3 microm v 19.8 microm). There was no statistically significant difference in the thickness of the muscular or adventitial layers in the study and control groups. There was a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the uncrushed ureters treated with fibrin glue compared with controls (7,095 microm2 v 9,409 microm2). In addition, the vessel density in the crushed ureters was reduced in ureters treated with fibrin glue compared with controls (0.00067/microm2 v 0.00108/micro2). In the uncrushed ureters, the difference was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibrin glue has potential as an adhesive agent in the ureter and may promote healing. It may affect epithelial layer thickness and vessel density of the ureter, but these effects were variable. Fibrin glue does not appear to have significant effects on the ureteral muscular and adventitial layers or on the overall cross-sectional area of all three layers. These results indicate that fibrin glue does not appear to have a detrimental effect on the ureter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA. kumarudaya@uams.edu
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dickerson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Albala
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Turk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011817:Rabbits; D012016:Reference Values; D014513:Ureter / Q000098:blood supply / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; D006490:Hemostatics