title: Rewetting strategies for bonding to dry dentin with an acetone-based adhesive.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rewetting agents on bonding to etched and air-dried dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  For shear bond strength testing (SBS), the proximal surfaces of 90 molars were ground on wet SiC paper to prepare them for resin composite bonding with Gluma One Bond (Heraeus Kulzer, Germany). Dentin cavities were cut (Ø 3.5 mm, 1.5 mm deep) in 60 molars and restored with Gluma One Bond/Charisma for evaluation of the marginal performance (MGW). The adhesive was applied on acid-etched and rinsed dentin after the following pretreatment techniques: A: moist; B: 15 s air dried; C through F: 15 s air dried, followed by 30 s rewetting with C: water; D: 35% HEMA; E: Gluma Primer; F: 5% glutardialdehyde; G through J: as C through F, but followed by 15 s air drying. SBS data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's test, and MGW with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test (alpha = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shear bond strengths of groups A and B were 20.3 and 1.1 MPa, respectively. The Tukey ranking of SBS results was [A=C=D=E] > [C=D=E] > [C=D=I] > H > [F=J] > [B=G]. Groups A, C, D, E, H, and I with 3 or 4 gap-free restorations each showed no differences in MGW (p > 0.05). In contrast, no gap-free specimens were found in groups B, F, G, or J, and marginal gaps were significantly larger (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rewetting of dried dentin with water, 35% HEMA, or Gluma Primer resulted in effective bonding. Excessive drying after rewetting had no compromising effect on adhesion in the HEMA- and GLUMA-primed groups, whereas the water and glutardialdehyde-treated groups showed poor bonding.
authors.affiliation: University of Cologne, Dental School, Department of Preclinical Dentistry, Kerpener Str. 32, 50931-Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Finger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balkenhol
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000737:chemistry; D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry; D000388:Air; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008963:Molar; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014906:Wetting Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; C084111:Charisma composite resin; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C408265:Gluma One Bond; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D014906:Wetting Agents; D014867:Water; D000096:Acetone; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; D005976:Glutaral