title: Twenty-two year (1975 to 1997) trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term case fatality rates from initial Q-wave and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: a multi-hospital, community-wide perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to examine long-term trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term mortality patterns in patients with an initial non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (NQWMI) as compared with those with an initial Q-wave myocardial infarction (QWMI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Limited data are available describing trends in the incidence and mortality from an initial QWMI and NQWMI from a multi-hospital community-wide perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study was an observational study of 5,832 metropolitan Worcester, Massachusetts residents (1990 census = 437,000) hospitalized with validated initial acute MI in all greater Worcester hospitals during 11 annual periods between 1975 and 1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of QWMI progressively decreased between 1975/78 (incidence rate = 171/100,000 population) and 1997 (101/100,000 population). In contrast, the incidence of NQWMI progressively increased between 1975/78 (62/100,000 population) and 1997 (131/100,000 population). Hospital death rates were 19.5% for patients with QWMI and 12.5% for those with NQWMI. After controlling for various covariates, patients with QWMI remained at significantly increased risk for hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 1.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.35, 1.97). While the hospital mortality of QWMI has progressively declined over time (1975/78 = 24%; 1997 = 14%), the in-hospital mortality for NQWMI has remained the same (1975/78 = 12%; 1997 = 12%). These trends remained after adjusting for potentially confounding prognostic factors. The multivariable adjusted two-year mortality after hospital discharge declined over time for patients with QWMI and NQWMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite impressive declines in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term mortality associated with QWMI, NQWMI is increasing in frequency and has the same in-hospital mortality now as it did 22 years ago.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA. Mark.Furman@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Furman
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Dauerman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yarzebski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lessard
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gore
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data