title: A clinic-based molecular epidemiologic study of tuberculosis in Monterrey, Mexico.
abstract: METHODS
  A tuberculosis clinic associated with a university hospital in Monterrey, Mexico, an urban community with high tuberculosis incidence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the diversity of DNA fingerprint patterns and the extent of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients who attended the clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolates of M. tuberculosis obtained from 186 patients during the period from 31 January 1996 to 31 March 1998 were tested for susceptibility to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin. Demographic data and the social history of each patient were obtained prospectively by interview. The IS6110 DNA fingerprints were obtained for 166 of the 186 isolates. Secondary typing was carried out on isolates with fewer than six copies of IS6110.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two per cent of the tested isolates (60/ 186) were drug-resistant, and 18% (33/186) were multidrug-resistant. Approximately 55% of the resistant isolates (33/60) were attributed to acquired resistance. A total of 106 different IS6110 fingerprint patterns were observed among the 166 fingerprinted isolates. Based on both IS6110 and pTBN12 fingerprinting, 65 (39%) of the 166 isolates were part of 22 DNA fingerprint clusters. Various drug susceptibility patterns were seen in most clusters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fingerprint clustering indicates extensive recent transmission of tuberculosis in patients attending the clinic. The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis is high.
authors.affiliation: Regional Tuberculosis Genotyping Laboratory, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock 72205, USA.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rendon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ijaz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llaca
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Eisenach
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villarreal
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cave
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011336:Probability; D012307:Risk Factors; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents