title: Performance-enhancing substances: what athletes are using.
abstract: Use of performance-enhancing substances is widespread among competitive athletes, whether professional or amateur, adolescent or adult. Some of these substances are legal and beneficial, but others are illegal or have adverse or unproven effects. This article describes the action and effects of these substances, their legality, and their potential for abuse.
authors.affiliation: Section of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Krcik
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004300:Doping in Sports / Q000517:prevention & control; D006728:Hormones; D006801:Humans; D013177:Sports; D013178:Sports Medicine
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D006728:Hormones