title: Evidence that Toki-shakuyaku-san and its ingredients enhance the secretion of a cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC/gro) in the ovulatory process.
abstract: We investigated the effects of Toki-shakuyaku-san and its crude ingredients in relation to the secretion of a cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, CINC/gro, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) in the ovulatory process. Toki-shakuyaku-san significantly (p < 0.01) stimulated the secretion of 17 beta-estradiol but did not stimulate the secretion of progesterone in cultured whole ovarian dispersates. Toki-shakuyaku-san enhanced the secretion of CINC/gro in a dose-dependent manner and the production of CINC/gro at concentrations of 10 and 100 micrograms/ml of Toki-shakuyaku-san increased significantly (p < 0.01). Toki-shakuyaku-san also enhanced secretions of both IL-1 beta and TNF alpha, which are known to stimulate the secretion of CINC/gro in the ovulatory process. The production of TNF alpha increased significantly (p < 0.05) with 10 and 100 micrograms/ml of Toki-shakuyaku-san. Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma, Cnidii Rhizoma, Angelicae Radix, Paeoniae Radix and Alismatis Rhizoma, which are crude ingredients of Toki-shakuyaku-san, significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the secretion of CINC/gro at concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml. The results of this study show that Toki-shakuyaku-san can stimulate the secretion of 17 beta-estradiol and stimulate the ovulatory process by stimulating the production of CINC/gro, IL-1 beta and TNF alpha in vitro. As a treatment for ovulatory disorders, Toki-shakuyaku-san may have stimulatory effects on both steroidogenesis and the ovulatory process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tezuka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ushigoe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006133:Growth Substances; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C413220:toki-shakuyaku-san; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol