title: Characteristics of acoustic noise in echo-planar imaging.
abstract: Characteristics of the acoustic noise generated by magnetic resonance imagers of different systems and performance levels were studied when operating in echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. Continuous equivalent A-weighted sound pressure levels (Leq) and peak impulse sound pressure levels (Lpeak) during EPI were measured in 12 clinical super-conducting MRI systems (0.5-1.5 T). Sound pressure levels and frequency spectra of EPI were compared with those of nine different pulse sequences. EPI sound pressure levels differed among institutions (Leq = 94.2 +/- 2.7 dBA. Lpeak = 109.1 +/- 3.5 dB), but these were within permissible noise exposure levels. Sound pressure levels during EPI were not significantly different from those during other pulse sequences. However, compared to other pulse sequences. EPI had a significantly greater proportion of acoustic noise in the high octave-frequency band. Single-shot EPI had relatively higher frequency noise and greater Leq than multishot EPI, but the difference in Leq decreased when the number of slices in multishot EPI was increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyati
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mase
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imazawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasuga
mesh_terms: D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009622:Noise