title: Diagnosis and treatment in the management of chronic venous insufficiency.
abstract: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is caused mainly by an alteration in the elasticity of venous walls and the dysfunction of venous valves. The diagnosis and treatment for CVI management are discussed in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Sub-Department of Vascular Surgery, Padjadjaran State University, Bandung, Indonesia. hsy47@bdg.centrin.net.id
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yuwono
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply; D010690:Phlebography; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010991:Plethysmography; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000473:pathology; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000150:complications; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts