Correction of hyperglycaemia reduces insulin resistance and serum soluble E-selectin levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of glycaemic control on insulin sensitivity and serum concentrations of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM)-1 and E-selectin (sE-selectin) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. To examine whether reductions in serum adhesion molecule levels correlate with improvement in insulin resistance.


METHODS
A total of 54 patients with Type 2 diabetes were treated for 4 weeks with either diet alone, sulphonylurea or insulin. Fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, lipids, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin levels were measured before and after treatment.


RESULTS
All treatment modalities successfully corrected hyperglycemia. Reductions in blood glucose levels resulted in improvement in insulin sensitivity (diet KITT 2.40 +/- 0.26-3.09 +/- 0.36, P < 0.01; sulphonylurea 2.24 +/- 0.16-2.94 +/- 0.18, P < 0.01; insulin 1.68 +/- 0.27-2.16 +/- 0.22%/min, P < 0.05), and decrease in sE-selectin levels (diet 88.4 +/- 14.9-66.2 +/- 10.8, P < 0.05; sulphonylurea 85.1 +/- 11.6-59.8 +/- 7.8, P < 0.01; insulin 84.4 +/- 8.7-66.8 +/- 7.4 ng/ml, P < 0.01), but no change in sVCAM-1 levels. There was a significant correlation between the degree of decrease in sE-selectin levels and improvement in insulin sensitivity (r = -0.38, P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Correction of hyperglycaemia, independent of treatment modality, resulted in improvement of insulin resistance and decrease in sE-selectin levels. These changes might, in part, contribute to reduce the risk of diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Matsumoto
K
K
Department of Internal Medicine, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.
Nakamura
H
H
Ueki
Y
Y
Tominaga
T
T
Miyake
S
S
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D019040:E-Selectin; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D014280:Triglycerides; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1