title: Rapid and diverse changes of gene expression in the kidneys of protein-overload proteinuria mice detected by microarray analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microarray is a method that allows the analysis of a large number of genes at the same time. We applied this method to show the difference of gene expression in the kidney caused by proteinuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental mouse model of protein overload was prepared by bovine serum albumin injection. The mRNAs of kidneys isolated after 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks loading were analysed by Northern blotting. We analysed about 18000 genes by microarray. The expression patterns of the microarray were displayed on control, 1 and 3 weeks of protein overload using the clustering procedure. A clone showing the greatest changes of up-regulation in the kidney was cloned and analysed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 1600 kinds of gene expression were confirmed in control kidneys. Proteinuria caused systematic changes of gene expression demonstrated by the cluster analysis. The up-regulation of osteopontin mRNA was shown and confirmed by Northern blot analysis. One of the clones showing the largest changes, AA275245, was isolated and characterized. It revealed that AA275245 was an unreported 3' non-coding region of vinculin mRNA which was associated with cytoskeleton proteins (e.g. alpha-actinin, talin, F-actin). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that this clone was identified in glomeruli as a mesangial pattern. The detected signal intensity using both methods, however, was virtually identical in control and disease kidney models. All data including images and analysed signal intensities are accessible on the web site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The microarray analysis revealed that the renal gene expression pattern was changed dynamically in mice with experimentally induced proteinuria within a few weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine (A8), Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaimori
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akagi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujie
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D016596:Vinculin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D016596:Vinculin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine