title: Brachial plexus injury and obstetrical risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether known historical risk factors of brachial plexus injury differ between affected neonates and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The files of all 62 children with Erb's palsy who were diagnosed after birth were reviewed. The control group consisted of 124 randomly selected uninjured infants born within the same period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, the mothers of the neonates with brachial plexus injury were found to be significantly older (32.1+/-5.2 years vs. 28.9+/-5.8 years, P = 0.01), and had a significantly higher incidence of diabetic pregnancy (69% vs. 14.5%, P = 0.001); the infants had a significantly higher mean birth weight (3846+/-576 g vs. 3220+/-582 g, P = 0.0001) and higher incidence of birth weight > or = 4000 g (27% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.0001). Two of the infants in the study group (3.2%) were born by elective cesarean section.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brachial plexus injury is associated with several non-predictable or preventable risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. jbar@clalit.org.il
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dvir
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hod
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Orvieto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Merlob
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D001724:Birth Weight; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000150:complications; D004841:Episiotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007746:Labor Presentation; D007751:Labor, Induced; D008423:Maternal Age; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors