title: Development and evaluation of a method for evaluating pediatric residents' knowledge and skill in performing physical examinations of the ankle and knee.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric residents need the knowledge and physical examination skills to evaluate common musculoskeletal injuries. The ankle and the knee are the 2 most common sites of musculoskeletal injury in young athletes. Methods for evaluating pediatric residents' knowledge and skills in examining the ankle and knee are needed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  1) To describe the development of a method for evaluating pediatric residents' knowledge and skill in performing physical examinations of the ankle and knee, and 2) to report the reliability of this method.
  
  
  METHODS
  A written test and a Clinical Skills Assessment Examination (CSAE) with a rating index were developed by the investigators to evaluate pediatric residents' knowledge and skills in examining the ankle and knee. Fifty-eight pediatric residents completed the written test and examined the ankle and knee of one standardized patient at the beginning of a required 1-month adolescent medicine rotation. Forty-eight residents repeated the evaluation at the end of the month. The investigators rated the residents' performance of the CSAE and then assessed interrater reliability using Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest correlation was calculated to assess the reliability of the written test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Test-retest correlation for the written test was 0.72, establishing its reliability. Interrater reliability for rating the CSAE of the ankle and knee was 0.98 and 0.90, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatric residents' knowledge and skills in examining the ankle and knee can be reliably evaluated using the written test and CSAE described in this article. These could be used to assess the effectiveness of current curricula in improving pediatric residents' knowledge and skill in evaluating ankle and knee complaints and to assist in the design of future curricula. musculoskeletal, evaluation methods, resident curriculum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Sports Medicine Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030-2399, USA. alberth@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hergenroeder
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laufman
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chorley
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fetterhoff
mesh_terms: D000295:Adolescent Medicine / Q000193:education; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000193:education; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data