The Th2-hypothesis of schizophrenia: a strategy to identify a subgroup of schizophrenia caused by immune mechanisms.
Immunologic findings in schizophrenia have been described for decades, but it was not possible to identify a pathogen until now. Most of these studies report immune abnormalities in a group of the investigated patients, but a distinct subgroup of schizophrenia with immune-related pathology has still not been characterized. In this paper we have integrated the most important immunologic data in schizophrenia research and hypothesize a shift to Th2-like immune reactivity in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients. Besides the immunological abnormalities, this subgroup is further characterized by more pronounced negative symptoms and poor therapy outcome. There is evidence that this subgroup might be caused by a prenatal viral infection.
Schwarz
M J
MJ
Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany. mschwarz@psy.med.uni-muenchen.de
Müller
N
N
Riedel
M
M
Ackenheil
M
M
D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*