title: Analysis of calcium deposits in calcific periarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if hydroxyapatite (HAP), octacalcuim phosphate (OCP), or tricalcium phosphate (TCP) can be found in the calcium deposits in calcific periarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six specimens from 34 patients who had acute inflammation and roentgenographically recognized calcification in soft tissue were analyzed. Twenty-three patients with calcific tendinitis in the shoulder and 11 with calcific periarthritis at other sites were included. We prepared 2 kinds of samples from each specimen; a dried sample (washed and dried calcific deposit), and a sample heated to 1,000 degrees C. All were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for calcium and phosphorus molar ratio. Synthetic HAP was used as the control in each analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The X-ray diffraction patterns of all dried samples were similar to those of HAP and carbonate apatite. We found no diffraction patterns of OCP or TCP. However, an OH- group at 3570cm(-1) was observed with Raman spectroscopy for samples heated to 1,000 degrees C and synthetic HAP, but not for the dried samples. Infrared absorption spectroscopy also confirmed an OH- group for samples heated to 1,000 degrees C and synthetic HAP, and confirmed that dried samples contained carbonate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium deposits are composed of carbonate apatite. HAP, OCP, and TCP were not identified in any deposits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Shimotuga, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saotome
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D017886:Durapatite / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010489:Periarthritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C022045:octacalcium phosphate; D017886:Durapatite; C018392:tricalcium phosphate; D002118:Calcium