title: Nanoleakage of cervical restorations of four dentin bonding systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of nanoleakage of restorations placed in cervical preparations with dentin bonding systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dentin bonding systems used were Single Bond, One Coat Bond, Prime & Bond NT/NRC, and PermaQuik. Ten saucer-shaped cervical preparations were bonded with one of the dentin bonding systems and restored with Silux Plus resin composite in each group. After 24 hours storage in 37 degrees C water, restorations were finished and the surrounding tooth surfaces were coated with nail varnish. The samples were immersed in 50% w/v solution of silver nitrate for 24 hours, and exposed to photodeveloping solution for 8 hours. The samples were cut longitudinally through the center, polished, carbon coated and observed in a Field Emission SEM using backscattered electron mode. The degree of silver penetration along the preparation wall was observed and calculated as a percentage of the total preparation wall length. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PermaQuik demonstrated the lowest leakage score and the least silver deposition within the hybrid layer, while Prime & Bond NT/NRC showed the greatest leakage scores and the most silver deposition within the hybrid layer. Different nanoleakage patterns were observed for the different adhesive systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First, the composition of each adhesive system may play a role in the different leakage patterns. Second, the current dentin bonding systems used in this study did not achieve perfect sealing at the restoration-dentin interface. This may influence the durability of the bond to dentin.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Science, University of Melbourne, 711 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. h.li3@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Burrow
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tyas
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000145:classification*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D012835:Silver Nitrate; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C426984:One Coat Bond; C119199:PermaQuik; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C103500:Prime & Bond; C115612:single bond; C074741:Silux Plus; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012835:Silver Nitrate