title: Effects of dantrolene on rat diaphragm muscle during postnatal maturation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dantrolene is the only known effective treatment for malignant hyperthermia. However, its effects on diaphragm muscle during postnatal maturation remain unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of dantrolene (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) were investigated in vitro on diaphragm muscle strips in adult rats and in postnatal rats aged 3, 10, and 17 days, and compared with those of ryanodine (10(-8) to 10(-6) M). The authors studied contraction and relaxation under isotonic and isometric conditions (29 degrees C, Krebs-Henseleit solution, tetanic stimulation at 50 Hz). Data are mean +/- SD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During postnatal maturation, the authors observed a progressive increase in active force developed per cross-sectional area (from 34 +/- 25 to 69 +/- 32 mN/mm2; P < 0.05) and maximum shortening velocity (from 2.9 +/- 0.5 to 4.9 +/- 1.4 Lmax/s; P < 0.05). Dantrolene induced a negative inotropic effect in diaphragm muscles in isotonic and isometric conditions in all groups, but this effect was significantly less marked in the 3-day-old rats compared with older rats. Dantrolene did not induce significant lusitropic effects during postnatal maturation. Developmental changes in the pharmacologic response to dantrolene were more rapid than those of ryanodine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dantrolene induced less pronounced negative inotropic effects on the diaphragm in neonatal rats as compared with adult rats. Our study suggests that developmental changes in the pharmacologic response to dantrolene are more rapid than those of ryanodine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orliaguet
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Langeron
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coirault
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fratea
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coriat
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Riou
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003620:Dantrolene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D024510:Muscle Development; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D012433:Ryanodine; D003620:Dantrolene