title: Fc epsilon receptor type I gamma chain replaces the deficient T cell receptor zeta chain in T cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  T cells from the majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) express significantly lower levels of T cell receptor zeta chain, a critical signaling molecule. However, TCR/CD3 triggering of SLE T cells shows increased phosphorylation of downstream signaling intermediates and increased [Ca2+]i response, suggesting the presence of alternative signaling mechanisms. We investigated whether Fcepsilon receptor type I gamma chain (FcepsilonRIgamma) could substitute for TCR zeta chain and contribute to T cell signaling in SLE.
  
  
  METHODS
  T cells were purified from the peripheral blood of 21 patients with SLE and 5 healthy volunteers. The expression of FcepsilonRIgamma was investigated using immunoblotting, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry methods. Involvement of the FcepsilonRIgamma in T cell signaling was studied by immunoprecipitation and/or immunoblotting after TCR/CD3 stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Western blotting and densitometric analysis showed that the expression of FcepsilonRIgamma in SLE T cells was 4.3-fold higher than in normal T cells (P < 0.001). Flow cytometric analyses of T lymphocyte subsets revealed that the proportions of FcepsilonRIgamma+,CD3+, FcepsilonRIgamma+,CD4+, and FcepsilonRIgamma+, CD8+ cells were significantly greater in SLE patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Immunoprecipitation of SLE T cell lysates with an anti-FcepsilonRIgamma antibody showed that FcepsilonRIgamma associates with the tyrosine kinase Syk and the CD3epsilon chain, suggesting that FcepsilonRIgamma is functionally involved in TCR signaling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that the FcepsilonRIgamma chain is expressed at high levels in a large proportion of SLE T cells. The increased expression of FcepsilonRIgamma chain in SLE T cells may account in part for the aberrant antigen receptor-initiated signaling and contribute to the diverse cellular abnormalities found in this disease.
authors.affiliation: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-7500, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Enyedy
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Nambiar
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Liossis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kammer
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Tsokos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D000072377:Syk Kinase
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D017252:CD3 Complex; C121704:CD3 antigen, zeta chain; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase