title: Unusual early bile excretion from the liver in patients with fulminant hepatic failure as detected by Tc-99m-PMT hepatobiliary scintigraphy; comparison with Tc-99m-GSA scintigraphy.
abstract: In two females (58 and 14 years old) with fulminant hepatic failure, Tc-99m-PMT hepatobiliary scintigraphy was used to evaluate intrahepatic bile stagnation, and Tc-99m-GSA scintigraphy to evaluate hepatic functional reserve. In both patients, Tc-99m-PMT hepatobiliary scintigraphy showed unusual early bile excretion into the extrahepatic bile duct and small intestine within the first 30 min of imaging. These findings contradicted typical findings of intrahepatic bile stagnation of fulminant hepatic failure. The receptor index and blood clearance index determined from dynamic acquisition data on Tc-99m-GSA scintigraphy suggested a markedly decreased hepatic functional reserve. These findings were compatible with fulminant hepatic failure. A discrepancy was observed between the findings of hepatobiliary scintigraphy and those of Tc-99m-GSA scintigraphy. The pathological state of early bile excretion from the liver into the bile duct should be considered in fulminant hepatic failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Ichihara Hospital, Chiba, Japan. shinma@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuniyasu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nojiri
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; C070561:technetium Tc 99m DTPA-galactosyl-human serum albumin; C057732:technetium Tc 99m pyrrolidino-methyltetracycline; D013752:Tetracycline; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate