title: Thermal capsulorrhaphy for instability of the shoulder: multidirectional and posterior instabilities.
abstract: Early results of thermal capsulorrhaphy appear to be favorable and the procedure seems safe when used appropriately to enhance shoulder stability, either in isolation or combination with other arthroscopic procedures. Basic science research has shown that the capsular response to thermal energy and its effect on the mechanical properties of the tissue is dependent on both time and temperature. Additional work is needed to better understand the tissue's healing response and the time required to restore its mechanical properties. Although short-term results are encouraging, longer-term follow-up and studies cited in peer-reviewed publications are needed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Sports Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Giffin
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Annunziata
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D006801:Humans; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000601:surgery*; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D012785:Shoulder Joint