title: Fatty acid regulation of protein kinase C isoforms in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids influence the aetiology of prostate cancer. Their effects on cellular mechanisms regulating prostate tumorigenesis are unclear. Using prostate cancer cells (LNCaP), we determined effects of n-9-OA, n-6-LA, and n-3-EPA on total PKC and its isoforms in relation to cell proliferation and PSA production. PKC-alpha, delta, gamma, iota, mu, and zeta were present in LNCaP cells; PKC-beta, epsilon, eta, and theta isoforms were not. PKC-alpha was detected only in cytosol; PKC-delta, iota, gamma, and mu were present in cytosol and in membranes. Fatty acids increased cell proliferation, total PKC activity and elicited pro-proliferative effects on specific PKC isoforms (PKC-delta and -iota). EPA and LA increased total PKC activity and reduced membrane-abundance of PKC-delta. OA reduced cytosolic and membrane PKC-delta. Only EPA reduced PKC-gamma membrane abundance. Fatty acids enhanced cytosolic PKC-iota abundance but only EPA and to a lesser extent LA increased its membrane content. Changes in PKC-delta, -iota, and -gamma did not affect PSA production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, AB 25 9ZD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pandian
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sneddon
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bestwick
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McClinton
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wahle
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Heys
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen