title: Risk factors for fatal myocardial infarction after coronary bypass graft surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence and clinical impact of perioperative myocardial infarction during coronary artery bypass graft surgery vary greatly depending upon the diagnostic criteria applied. Fatal perioperative myocardial infarction has a less arguable diagnosis and clinical impact. The aim of this paper is to find out the risk factors for fatal myocardial infarction after coronary surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 1561 consecutive patients, who underwent coronary revascularization during a 10-month period, have been retrospectively analysed. After an univariate analysis for pre- and intraoperative risk factors, a multivariate model (logistic regression analysis) was settled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative use of subcutaneous/intravenous heparin, a heparin sensitivity index < 1.3 and need for a thromboendarterectomy of the left anterior descending coronary artery are independent risk factors for fatal myocardial infarction. The relative risk for fatal myocardial infarction was about 2 in the case of preoperative heparin use or heparin sensitivity index < 1.3 and 5.5 in the case of thromboendarterectomy of the left anterior descending coronary artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, preoperative anticoagulation management with heparin may represent a risk factor for fatal myocardial infarction. Patterns of heparin resistance, whether or not due to heparin pretreatment, seem to be closely related to fatal myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center E. Malan, University of Milan, San Donato Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ranucci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frigiola
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Menicanti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cazzaniga
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Isgrò
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000401:mortality*; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors