Diversity in the Bordetella virulence regulon: transcriptional control of a Bvg-intermediate phase gene.
The BvgAS signal transduction system controls the expression of at least three distinct phenotypic phases that lie along a continuum of gene expression states. The Bvg+ phase is characterized by the expression of adhesins and toxins, whereas the Bvg- phase is characterized by motility in Bordetella bronchiseptica and the expression of vrg loci in Bordetella pertussis. The Bvg-intermediate (Bvgi) phase is characterized by the absence of Bvg-repressed phenotypes, the expression of some, but not all, Bvg-activated virulence factors and the presence of a recently discovered set of antigens and phenotypes that are unique to this phase. We report here the transcriptional regulation of bipA, the first-identified Bvgi phase gene. We have mapped the bipA promoter and identified numerous BvgA binding sites in the transcriptional control region. Based on these data, we present a model in which phase-dependent expression of bipA results from the spatial distribution and relative affinities of multiple BvgA binding sites relative to the start site of transcription.
Deora
R
R
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, 10833 LeConte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1747, USA.
Bootsma
H J
HJ
Miller
J F
JF
Cotter
P A
PA
D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D001884:Bordetella / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D004926:Escherichia coli; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005408:Flagellin / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000235:genetics; D007763:Lac Operon; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics; D018085:Regulon; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014774:Virulence; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella
D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C420027:BipA protein, Bordetella; C065601:BvgA protein, Bacteria; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C489314:EvgA protein, E coli; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C080662:bvgS protein, Bordetella pertussis; C065273:filamentous hemagglutinin adhesin, Bordetella pertussis; D005408:Flagellin; C067138:flaA protein, bacteria; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I