Fingerprints of anergic T cells.
Peripheral T cell tolerance may result from activation-induced cell death [1], anergy [1], and/or immune response modulation by regulatory T cells [2]. In mice that express a transgenic receptor specific for peptide 111-119 of influenza hemagglutinin presented by E(d) class II MHC molecules as well as hemagglutinin under control of the immunoglobulin-kappa promoter, we have found that anergic T cells [3] can also have immunoregulatory function and secrete IL-10 [4]. In order to obtain information on molecular mechanisms involved in anergy and immunoregulation, we have compared expression levels of 1176 genes in anergic, naive, and recently activated CD4+ T cells of the same specificity by gene array analysis. The results provide a plausible explanation for the anergic phenotype in terms of proliferation, provide new information on the surface phenotype of in vivo-generated anergic CD4+ T cells, and yield clues with regard to new candidate genes that may be responsible for the restricted cytokine production of in vivo-anergized CD4+ T cells. The molecular fingerprints of such T cells should enable the tracking of this small population in the normal organism and the study of their role in immunoregulation.
Lechner
O
O
INSERM U373, Institut Necker, 75730, Paris, France.
Lauber
J
J
Franzke
A
A
Sarukhan
A
A
von Boehmer
H
H
Buer
J
J
D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division; D017635:Clonal Anergy / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; C076189:SATB1 protein, human