Invasive and noninvasive thymoma: distinctive CT features.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the CT features of thymoma and to determine the most helpful findings in differentiating invasive from noninvasive thymoma.


METHODS
The CT scans from 27 patients with invasive thymoma and 23 with noninvasive thymoma were independently assessed by two observers without knowledge of their invasiveness. The presence and distribution of various CT findings were independently analyzed.


RESULTS
Invasive thymomas were more likely to have lobulated (16/27, 59%) or irregular (6/27, 22%) contours than noninvasive thymomas (8/23, 35% and 1.5/23, 6%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Invasive thymomas had a higher prevalence of low attenuation areas within the tumor (16/27, 60%) than noninvasive thymomas (5/23, 22%) (p < 0.001) as well as foci of calcification (14.5/27, 54% vs. 6/23, 26%; p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The presence of lobulated or irregular contour, areas of low attenuation, and multifocal calcification is suggestive of invasive thymoma.
Tomiyama
N
N
Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. tomiyama@radiol.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
Müller
N L
NL
Ellis
S J
SJ
Cleverley
J R
JR
Okumura
M
M
Miyoshi
S
S
Kusumoto
M
M
Johkoh
T
T
Yoshida
S
S
Mihara
N
N
Honda
O
O
Kozuka
T
T
Hamada
S
S
Nakamura
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013945:Thymoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed