title: Optimization of an exogenous metabolic activation system for FETAX. II. Preliminary evaluation.
abstract: The developmental toxicities of five test compounds including carbon tetrachloride, urethane, phenacetin, parathion, and chloroform, were evaluated using Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX), with minor modification. Post-isolation mixtures of differently-induced rat liver microsomes (phenobarbital- (PB), beta-naphthoflavone- (beta-NF), and isoniazid- (INH)-induced preparations) were co-cultured directly with X. laevis embryos. Results from these studies suggest that the Aroclor 1254-induced MAS could effectively be replaced by a mixed lot of PB-, beta-NF-, and INH-induced rat liver microsomes. Each of the test materials were found to be developmentally toxic when bioactivated by the mixed MAS.
authors.affiliation: Fort Environmental Laboratories, Inc., Stillwater, OK, USA. forts1@msn.com
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Fort
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Stover
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Finch
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity; D002725:Chloroform / Q000633:toxicity; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D007538:Isoniazid; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010278:Parathion / Q000633:toxicity; D010615:Phenacetin / Q000633:toxicity; D010634:Phenobarbital; D051381:Rats; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014520:Urethane / Q000633:toxicity; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology*; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone
chemical_list: D014520:Urethane; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone; D010278:Parathion; D002725:Chloroform; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D010615:Phenacetin; D007538:Isoniazid; D010634:Phenobarbital