title: Development of a Rhodococcus recombinant strain for degradation of products from anaerobic dechlorination of PCBs.
abstract: The Gram-positive bacterium Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1, naturally containing the biphenyl pathway, was electroporated with a broad host range plasmid containing the 4-chlorobenzoate (4-CBA) degradation operon (fcb) isolated from Arthrobacter globiformis strain KZT1. The recombinant strain grew in medium containing 4-CBA and 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CB) as the only source of carbon, with stoichiometric release of chloride and a molar growth yield on 4-CB that suggested utilization of both biphenyl rings. In resting cell assays, similar rates of degradation were observed for wild-type and recombinant strains for the most common eight congeners from the anaerobic dechlorination of Aroclor 1242, but the recombinant strain accumulated lower amounts of chlorinated meta-cleavage products and no 4-CBA. Recombinant cells inoculated at 10(4) cells/g into nonsterile soil amended with 4-CB grew to 6-10(5) cells/g, a density consistent with the 4-CB consumed. 4-CB was removed only in the inoculated soil, and the recombinant strain did not grow in the same soil when it was not amended with 4-CB. The fcb operon remained stable in the recombinant strain reisolated from soil after 60 days. This work provides proof of concept that a Rhodococcus strain constructed to grow on a PCB would grow in nonsterile soil if the appropriate chlorobiphenyl is available.
authors.affiliation: NSF Center for Microbial Ecology, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, and Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Maltseva
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Tsoi
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Helton
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Quensen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tiedje
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002723:Chlorobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D009876:Operon; D010957:Plasmids; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002723:Chlorobenzoates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C040768:4-chlorobenzoic acid