title: [Pseudoprognathism frequency and masseter muscle activity in operated cleft lip patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a consequence of a growth inhibition of middle third of the face, cleft lip surgery could lead to a pseudoprognathism. However, this is not always the case. Also, when facial architecture is changed, the activity of muscles such as the masseter could be disturbed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study masseter electromyographic activity in operated cleft lip patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty two patients with cleft lip (25 male, aged 13 to 35 years old) were studied. All were operated during their first year of life. An electromyography of masseter muscle was performed and from a teleradiography, ANB and Gonion angles were obtained. Forty healthy subjects conformed the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample was divided in two groups. A group of 20 patients had a significantly lower EMG voltage than control subjects (662 +/- 228 and 1511 +/- 340 microV respectively, p < 0.001). Only seven patients had an anteriorly inverted bite with a mean ANB of + 1.7 and a mean molar relation of -4.8, figures that confirm the presence of pseudoprognathism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eighty three percent of cleft lip patients do not have cephalometric parameters of pseudoprognathism and half of the patients have a lower masseter activity.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepeción y Unidad de Fisurados, Hospital Regional de Concepción, Guillermo Grant Benavente, Chile.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogalde
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cárdenas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Montoya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011378:Prognathism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*