title: Transforming growth factor-beta 2 levels in aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether clinical characteristics are correlated with increased levels of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) in aqueous humor in glaucomatous eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aqueous humor samples were collected from 91 glaucomatous eyes. Included were samples from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in 40 eyes, (pseudo)exfoliation syndrome (EXS) in 18 eyes, primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in 26 eyes and uveitis-related secondary glaucoma (SG) in 7 eyes. TGF-beta 2 in aqueous humor was assessed with a specific-capture ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean concentration (+/- standard error) of mature (biologically active) TGF-beta 2 in the aqueous humor of eyes with POAG was 293.6 +/- 33.6 pg/ml, significantly higher than that in eyes with PACG, EXS and SG: 147.5 +/- 28.1, 135.8 +/- 30.2 and 41.0 +/- 10.7 pg/ml, respectively (P = 0.0006, P = 0.0010 and P = 0.0003; analysis of variance). The mean concentration (+/- standard error) of total TGF-beta 2 in the aqueous humor of eyes with POAG was 1647.6 +/- 124.5 pg/ml, not significantly different from that in eyes with PACG, EXS and SG: 1482.9 +/- 148.2, 1442.7 +/- 187.8 and 1929.0 +/- 367.6 pg/ml, respectively. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed significant correlations between mature TGF-beta 2 concentration and history of cataract surgery (P = 0.0225) and the use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (P = 0.0143).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that increased levels of TGF-beta 2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of POAG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inatani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katsuta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honjo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008875:Middle Aged; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D014605:Uveitis / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2