title: Myocardial free fatty acid and glucose use after carvedilol treatment in patients with congestive heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Use of beta-adrenoreceptor blockade in the treatment of heart failure has been associated with a reduction in myocardial oxygen consumption and an improvement in myocardial energy efficiency. One potential mechanism for this beneficial effect is a shift in myocardial substrate use from increased free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation to increased glucose oxidation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied the effect of carvedilol therapy on myocardial FFA and glucose use in 9 patients with stable New York Heart Association functional class III ischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction </=35%) using myocardial positron emission tomography studies and resting echocardiograms before and 3 months after carvedilol treatment. Myocardial uptake of the novel long chain fatty acid metabolic tracer 14(R, S)-[(18)F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid ([(18)F]-FTHA) was used to determine myocardial FFA use, and [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose ([(18)F]-FDG) was used to determine myocardial glucose use. After carvedilol treatment, the mean myocardial uptake rate for [(18)F]-FTHA decreased (from 20.4+/-8.6 to 9.7+/-2.3 mL. 100 g(-1). min(-1); P<0.005), mean fatty acid use decreased (from 19.3+/-7.0 to 8.2+/-1.8 micromoL. 100 g(-1). min(-1); P<0.005), the mean myocardial uptake rate for [(18)F]-FDG was unchanged (from 1.4+/-0.4 to 2.4+/-0.8 mL. 100 g(-1). min(-1); P=0.14), and mean glucose use was unchanged (from 11.1+/-3.1 to 18.7+/-6.0 micromoL. 100 g(-1). min(-1); P=0.12). Serum FFA and glucose concentrations were unchanged, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction improved (from 26+/-2% to 37+/-4%; P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carvedilol treatment in patients with heart failure results in a 57% decrease in myocardial FFA use without a significant change in glucose use. These metabolic changes could contribute to the observed improvements in energy efficiency seen in patients with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA. trw@medicine.wisc.edu
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Wallhaus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: DeGrado
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stanko
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nickles
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002227:Carbazoles; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol; D005947:Glucose; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine