title: Anthocyanins from maize (Zea mays) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea).
abstract: Flowers of maize, Zea mays, and reed canarygrass, Phalaris arundinacea, contain the same anthocyanins: cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-(6' '-malonylglucoside), cyanidin 3-(3' ',6' '-dimalonylglucoside), peonidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-(6' '-malonylglucoside), and peonidin 3-(dimalonylglucoside). The latter pigment has previously not been reported to occur in plants. Structure elucidations were primarily based on homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR and electrospray MS. During the isolation procedure using various mixtures of H(2)O, CF(3)CO(2)H, and CH(3)OH, and during storage in NMR solvent (CF(3)CO(2)D/CD(3)OD; 1:19, v/v) methyl esterification of the free acid function of the malonyl units of the pigments occurs. The acylated anthocyanins constitute more than 80% and 40% of the anthocyanins in P. arundinacea and Z. mays, respectively. Flowers and leaves of maize, Zea mays, contain the same anthocyanins in nearly equal relative proportions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fossen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slimestad
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins