title: A novel minimal-size vector (MIDGE) improves transgene expression in colon carcinoma cells and avoids transfection of undesired DNA.
abstract: Viral and plasmid vectors may cause unwanted immunological side effects resulting from the expression of nontherapeutic genes contained in their sequence. Furthermore, replication-defective viral vectors carry the potential risk of recombination with wild-type viruses or activation of oncogenes. A new vector type for minimalistic, immunologically defined gene expression (MIDGE) may overcome these problems. MIDGE is a minimal-size gene transfer unit containing the expression cassette, including promoter, gene, and RNA-stabilizing sequence, flanked by two short hairpin oligonucleotide sequences. The resulting vector is a small, linear, covalently closed, dumbbell-shaped molecule. DNA not encoding the desired gene is reduced to a minimum. Here, we transfected colon carcinoma cell lines using cationic lipid, cationic polymer, and electroporation with several MIDGE vectors and corresponding plasmids containing transgenes encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and human interleukin-2 (hIL-2). Transfection efficiency as measured qualitatively and quantitatively with eGFP was found to be comparable for both vector types. However, hIL-2 secretion and eGFP expression were approximately two- to fourfold higher in most cells transfected with these transgenes using MIDGE vectors compared to the plasmid control. This report demonstrates the advantages of this new vector type and its prospects for ex vivo gene therapy studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schakowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorschlüter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Junghans
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schroff
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buttgereit
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ziske
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schöttker
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: König-Merediz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauerbruch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wittig
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Schmidt-Wolf
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D002455:Cell Division; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018274:Electroporation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011108:Polymers; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D004247:DNA