title: Determination of diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: This study reports a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of the insecticide diazinon (O,O-diethyl-O[2-isopropyl-6-methylpyridimidinyl] phosphorothioate), its metabolites diazoxon (O,O-diethyl-O-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyridimidinyl phosphate) and 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol, the insecticide chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl-O[3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl] phosphorothioate) and its metabolites chlorpyrifos-oxon (O,O-diethyl-O[3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl] phosphate), and TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) in rat plasma and urine samples. The method is based on using C18 Sep-Pak cartridges for solid-phase extraction and HPLC with a reversed-phase C18 column and programmed UV detection ranging between 254 and 280 nm. The compounds are separated using a gradient of 1% to 80% acetonitrile in water (pH 3.0) at a flow rate ranging between 1 and 1.5 mL/min in a period of 16 min. The limits of detection ranged between 50 and 150 ng/mL, and the limits of quantitation were 100 to 200 ng/mL. The average percentage recovery of five spiked plasma samples were 86.3 +/- 8.6, 77.4 +/- 7.0, 82.1 +/- 8.2, 81.8 +/- 8.7, 73.1 +/- 7.4, and 80.3 +/- 8.0 and from urine were 81.8 +/- 7.6, 76.6 +/- 7.1, 81.5 +/- 7.9, 81.8 +/- 7.1, 73.7 +/- 8.6, and 80.7 +/- 7.7 for diazinon, diazoxon, 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-oxon, and TCP, respectively. The relationship between the peak area and concentration was linear over a range of 200 to 2,000 ng/mL. This method was applied in order to analyze these chemicals and metabolites following dermal administration in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Abu-Qare
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Abou-Donia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003976:Diazinon / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D003976:Diazinon