title: The short heterodimer partner receptor differentially modulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-mediated transcription from the peroxisome proliferator-response elements of the genes encoding the peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes acyl-CoA oxidase and hydratase-dehydrogenase.
abstract: The promoter regions of the genes encoding the first two enzymes of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, acyl-CoA oxidase (AOx) and enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HD), contain transcriptional regulatory sequences termed peroxisome proliferator-response elements (PPRE) that are bound by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) and 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor (RXRalpha) heterodimeric complex. In this study, the role of the short heterodimer partner (SHP) receptor in modulating PPARalpha-mediated gene transcription from the PPREs of the genes encoding AOx and HD was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro binding assays using glutathione-S-transferase-tagged chimeric receptors for PPARalpha and SHP were used to verify the interaction between PPARalpha and SHP. This interaction was unaffected by the presence of the peroxisome proliferator, Wy-14,643. SHP has been proposed to act as a negative regulator of nuclear hormone receptor activity, and SHP inhibited transcription by PPARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimers from the AOx-PPRE. Surprisingly, SHP potentiated transcription by PPARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimers from the HD-PPRE. This is the first demonstration of positive transcriptional activity attributable to SHP. Together, these results suggest that SHP can modulate PPARalpha/RXRalpha-mediated transcription in a response element-specific manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Medical Sciences Building 5-14, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kassam
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Capone
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rachubinski
mesh_terms: D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics*; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase / Q000235:genetics*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007535:Isomerases / Q000235:genetics*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D063994:Peroxisomal Bifunctional Enzyme; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators; D011743:Pyrimidines; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C006253:pirinixic acid; D004247:DNA; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; C576253:EHHADH protein, human; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase; D063994:Peroxisomal Bifunctional Enzyme; D007535:Isomerases