title: Prognostic significance of endometrial evaluation by ultrasonography in ovulation induced cycles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find out prognostic significance of pre-ovulatory endometrial evaluation by ultrasound scanning after exposure to the drugs during different protocols of ovulation induction with particular reference to clomiphene citrate and to correlate with pregnancy rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  The thickness and texture of endometrium were the two biophysical parameters considered to be evaluated by ultrasonography. The cycles of 47 women of primary infertility were studied after ovulation induction by 4 types of protocols with or without clomiphene citrate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pregnancy rate was recorded highest (36%, 5/14) in the exclusive treatment group of clomiphene citrate protocol. Most of the women in this group suffered with low level (<6 mm) endometrial thickness, but all five women who showed A-grade endometrium became pregnant. The exclusive human menopausal gonadotrophin treated group and sequential protocol group achieved low pregnancy rates as 22% (2/9) and 27% (3,11). The luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue and follicle stimulating hormone protocol achieved 31% (4/13) pregnancy rate with more number of women showing A-grade endometrium quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality of endometrial texture rather than thickness of endometrium, can be considered as one of the strong prognostic factors to predict pregnancy rate in a majority of women.
authors.affiliation: Arab Fertility Center, Khalid Idriss Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Idriss
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mohiuddin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zachariah
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sambasiva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011379:Prognosis; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
chemical_list: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D002996:Clomiphene