title: Gas 6 promotes Axl-mediated survival in pulmonary endothelial cells.
abstract: We examined Gas 6-Axl interactions in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) and in Axl-transduced HPAEC to test Gas 6 function during endothelial cell survival. We identified the 5.0-kb Axl, 4.2-kb Rse, and 2.6-kb Gas 6 mRNAs in HPAEC. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting confirmed the presence of these proteins. Gas 6 is present in cell-associated and secreted fractions of growth-arrested HPAEC, independent of cell density. In addition, the Axl receptor is constitutively phosphorylated in growth-arrested cultures, and exogenous Gas 6 enhanced Axl phosphorylation threefold. Gas 6 added to growth-arrested HPAEC resulted in a significant increase in cell number (1.5 nM Gas 6 increased cell number 35%). Flow cytometry revealed that Gas 6 treatment resulted in 28% fewer apoptosing cells. Transduction of a full-length Axl cDNA into HPAEC resulted in 54% fewer apoptosing cells after Gas 6 treatment. Collectively, the data demonstrate antiapoptotic activities for Gas 6 in HPAEC and suggest that Gas 6 signaling may be relevant to endothelial cell survival in the quiescent environment of the vessel wall.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. ahealy@bupula.bu.edu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Herrick
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Varnum
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Farber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002452:Cell Count; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D000094963:Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase; D000099255:Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000094963:Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase; D000099255:Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6; C084944:TYRO3 protein, human