title: Tumor-suppressor effect of interferon regulatory factor-1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) regulates the IFN system, inhibits cell growth, and has tumor-suppressor activities. p21 is a universal cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, the induction of which depends on both p53 and IRF-1 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The expression of p21 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) is regulated by wild-type p53. We examined the expressions of IRF-1 and p21 in 32 HCCs by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and the mutation p53 gene in 32 HCCs by single-strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing. The expression of IRF-1 mRNA in 15 of 32 HCCs was lower than that in adjacent noncancerous tissue. IRF-1 mRNA expression was reduced in 0 of 3 specimens of well-differentiated HCC, 9 of 21 (42%) specimens of moderately differentiated HCC, and 6 of 8 (75%) specimens of poorly differentiated HCC. IRF-1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in tumors with portal thrombus than in those without portal thrombus (P = 0.003). p53 mutations were detected in 7 of 32 HCCS: p21 expression was reduced in 6 of the 7 (86%) HCCs with p53 mutations. In contrast, p21 expression was reduced in 13 of 25 (52%) HCCs with wild-type p53. IRF-1 expression was reduced in 7 of 13 (53%) HCCs with both wild-type p53 and reduced expression of p21. These results suggest that IRF-1 may be a tumor-suppressor gene for HCC and that IRF-1 is related to p21 expression in HCC with wild-type p53.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Biochemistry, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53