title: Effects of two newly synthesized analogues of lidocaine on rat arterial blood pressure and heart rate.
abstract: Two new analogues of lidocaine were synthesized at the College of Pharmacy, King Saud University: compound I (Methyl-2-[2-(N,N-diethylamino) acetamido]-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylbenzoate) and compound II (Methyl-2-[2-(piperidino) acetamido]-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylbenzoate). Their influence on the arterial blood pressure and the heart rate of urethane-anaesthetized rats was studied and compared with the actions of lidocaine. Compounds I, II and lidocaine induced significant dose-dependent decreases in the arterial blood pressure and heart rate, which usually returned to basal values within 3-5 min. There were significant differences in the potency of the three compounds in producing their effects on blood pressure and heart rate (P< 0.0001, ANOVA). Compound II was 14 and 6 times more potent in reducing blood pressure and 8 and 2 times more capable of reducing the heart rate than lidocaine and compound I, respectively. The results of this study also indicated the ineffectiveness of antagonists of autonomic, histaminergic and 5-HT receptor, and various vasodilators in blocking the actions of the three compounds on blood pressure and heart rate. Pretreatment with CaCl(2)significantly reduced the hypotension and bradycardia induced by the three compounds, suggesting the involvement of calcium channels, probably of the L type. Several possible mechanisms are postulated. In conclusion, the results direct attention to the capability of the two new compounds to decrease blood pressure and heart rate; affects that may have clinical potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Aslaf Trading Est., P.O. Box 88499, Riyadh, 11662, Saudi Arabia. abno2000@hotmail.com
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Al Rasheed
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Al Sayed
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Al Zuhair
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Al Obaid
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fatani
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001565:Benzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D003533:Cyproheptadine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017442:Histamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D011738:Pyrilamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001565:Benzoates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017442:Histamine Agonists; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C433213:methyl-2-(2-(N,N-diethylamino)acetamido)-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylbenzoate; C433214:methyl-2-(2-(piperidino)acetamido)-3-cyano-4,5-dimethylbenzoate; D003533:Cyproheptadine; D018738:Hexamethonium; D001285:Atropine; D011899:Ranitidine; D008012:Lidocaine; D011796:Quinacrine; D011738:Pyrilamine; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D007213:Indomethacin