Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor in myeloma that is independent of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand.
A complementary DNA expression library derived from marrow samples from myeloma patients was recently screened and human macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (hMIP-1alpha) was identified as an osteoclastogenic factor expressed in these samples. hMIP-1alpha enhanced osteoclast (OCL) formation in human marrow cultures and by highly purified OCL precursors in a dose-dependent manner (5-200 pg/mL). Furthermore, hMIP-1alpha enhanced OCL formation induced by human interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is produced by marrow stromal cells when they interact with myeloma cells. hMIP-1alpha also enhanced OCL formation induced by parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), factors also implicated in myeloma bone disease. Time-course studies revealed that the hMIP-1alpha acted during the last 2 weeks of the 3-week culture period. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the chemokine receptors for hMIP-1alpha (CCR1 and CCR5) were expressed by human bone marrow and highly purified early OCL precursors. Furthermore, hMIP-1alpha did not increase expression of RANKL. These data demonstrate that hMIP-1alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor that appears to act directly on human OCL progenitors and acts at the later stages of OCL differentiation. These data further suggest that in patients with myeloma, MIP-1alpha produced by myeloma cells, in combination with RANKL and IL-6 that are produced by marrow stromal cells in response to myeloma cells, enhances OCL formation through their combined effects on OCL precursors. (Blood. 2001;97:3349-3353)
Han
J H
JH
Department of Medicine/Hematology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA.
Choi
S J
SJ
Kurihara
N
N
Koide
M
M
Oba
Y
Y
Roodman
G D
GD
D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
C515300:CCR1 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C470121:PTHLH protein, human; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D011506:Proteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; C505686:TNFRSF11A protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human