title: EspG, a novel type III system-secreted protein from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with similarities to VirA of Shigella flexneri.
abstract: The function of the rorf2 gene located on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) has not been described. We report that rorf2 encodes a novel protein, named EspG, which is secreted by the type III secretory system and which is translocated into host epithelial cells. EspG is homologous with Shigella flexneri protein VirA, and the cloned espG (rorf2) gene can rescue invasion in a Shigella virA mutant, indicating that these proteins are functionally equivalent in Shigella. An EPEC espG mutant had no apparent defects in in vitro assays of virulence phenotypes, but a rabbit diarrheagenic E. coli strain carrying a mutant espG showed diminished intestinal colonization and yet diarrheal attack rates similar to those of the wild type. A second EspG homolog, Orf3, is encoded on the EspC pathogenicity islet. The cloned orf3 gene could also rescue invasion in a Shigella virA mutant, but an EPEC espG orf3 double mutant was not diminished in any tested in vitro assays for EPEC virulence factors. Our results indicate that EspG plays an accessory but as yet undefined role in EPEC virulence that may involve intestinal colonization.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Krejany
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mellies
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Robins-Browne
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sasakawa
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kaper
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011817:Rabbits; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C429282:EspG protein, E coli; D037521:Virulence Factors