title: Laryngeal mask insertion during target-controlled infusion of propofol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA; The Laryngeal Mask Airway Co., Ltd., Nicosia, Cyprus) insertion conditions produced by 6 and 8 microg/mL of target plasma concentrations (Cpt) during the induction of anesthesia with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, prospective, single-blind, clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  44 ASA physical status I and II patients, 16 to 54 years of age, weighing between 45 and 100 kg, undergoing minor surgery in which the use of LMA was indicated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly divided into two groups (1 and 2) of 22 to compare the effects of different propofol concentrations. Three minutes after intravenous (IV) injection of midazolam 0.04 mg/kg, group 1 and 2 received TCI of propofol with 6 and 8 microg/mL of Cpt, respectively. LMA was inserted when the effect-site concentration (EC) reached 2.5 microg/mL, which was displayed on the infusion pump.
  
  
  METHODS
  The LMA insertion conditions (mouth opening, gagging, coughing, head or limb movement, laryngospasm, overall ease of insertion) were assessed, and hemodynamic responses were evaluated until 3 minutes after LMA insertion. Total dose of propofol, EC, and elapsed time since the start of TCI were recorded at five times: at the loss of consciousness and eyelash reflex, at 2.5 microg/mL of EC, and immediately, 1 minute, and 3 minutes after the insertion of LMA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the two groups in insertion conditions, despite the significantly larger total dose and shorter elapsed time (2.6 +/- 0.08 mg/kg and 109 +/- 5.0 s) in Group 2 than those (2.1 +/- 0.02 mg/kg and 140 +/- 4.1 s) in Group 1 at 2.5 microg/mL of EC (p < 0.05). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased and heart rate increased significantly throughout the study period in both groups (p < 0.05). But there was a significant decrease in arterial pressure in Group 2 compared with Group 1 1 and 3 minutes after the insertion (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Induction with 8 microg/mL of Cpt, compared with 6 microg/mL, allowed earlier LMA insertion but, could not improve the conditions for LMA insertion and required more careful attention to the decrease in blood pressure after LMA insertion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tong-Dae-Mun Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. baikhj@chollian.net
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol