title: Oesophageal diverticula.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oesophageal pulsion diverticula, excluding pharyngeal types, are uncommon sequelae of oesophageal dysmotility. Current opinion favours myotomy as effective therapy, but the role of diverticulectomy, myotomy selection and placement, and the need for fundoplication remain unresolved.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Medline search and review of references identified relevant English language articles. Data on epidemiology, aetiology, oesophageal motility, pathology, symptomatology, investigations, surgical management and outcome were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were largely retrospective. Significant morbidity and mortality were associated with pulmonary aspiration and diverticulectomy site leaks. Surgical outcome was similar whether or not a diverticulectomy was added to a myotomy, but a myotomy clearly reduced the risk of leaks. Fundoplication reduced the incidence of postcardiomyotomy reflux symptoms. Results from minimally invasive techniques were similar to those of open surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgery should be reserved for symptomatic patients; asymptomatic patients may benefit from surveillance. Pulmonary aspiration mandates surgical intervention. Myotomy remains the mainstay of treatment and an adequate subdiverticular extension is crucial in relieving obstruction. A partial fundoplication is preferred in selected patients. Minimally invasive techniques should become the routine approach for oesophageal pulsion diverticula.
authors.affiliation: University of Adelaide Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville Road, Woodville, Adelaide, South Australia 5011, Australia.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Fosh
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Maddern
mesh_terms: D004936:Diverticulum, Esophageal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000379:methods; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008365:Manometry; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010609:Pharyngeal Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome