Storage at -3 degrees C for 24 h alters the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccines.
The immunogenicity of pertussis antigens in an acellular and a whole-cell triple antigen vaccine used for childhood immunisation was assessed in murine models after storage of vaccines below 0 degree C. Swiss outbred and Balb/c mice received DTPa or DTPw vaccine or placebo. Vaccines were stored at 2-8 degrees C (ideal), or at -3 degrees C for 24 h. Pre and post immunisation IgG responses to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) were measured using enzyme immunoassays (EIA). In Balb/c mice, responses to pertactin after receiving adversely stored DTPa were significantly reduced (P = 0.005, difference in GMCs 145.9% [24.6-385.4%]). A reduction in GMC to pertactin was also seen in response to adversely stored DTPw (P = 0.190,224.1% [83.8-599.2%]). Outbred mice receiving adversely stored DTPa had lower IgG antibody responses to FHA than those receiving correctly stored vaccine (P = 0.002,522.2% [26.1-2155.6%]). Outbred mice also had a significantly lower response to FHA after administration of DTPw (P = 0.009,14.0% [3.8-51.9%]). Responses to DTPa in both strains generally were greater than those to DTPw. Storage of pertussis vaccines below 0 degree C appears to alter the immunogenicity of PRN and FHA. Further study is required to determine the effects of such storage on vaccine protective efficacy.
Boros
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CA
Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, SA 5006, North Adelaide, Australia. christina.boros@adelaide.edu.au
Hanlon
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Gold
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Roberton
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DM
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004356:Drug Storage; D005615:Freezing; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013045:Species Specificity; D022282:Vaccines, Acellular / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000276:immunology
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D022282:Vaccines, Acellular; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C065273:filamentous hemagglutinin adhesin, Bordetella pertussis; C068929:pertactin; D037342:Pertussis Toxin