The position of the cell penetrating peptide penetratin in SDS micelles determined by NMR.
Penetratin is a 16 residue peptide, RQI KIWFQ NRRMK WKK-amide, with the ability to penetrate cell membranes and a sequence taken from the homeodomain of the Drosophila Antennapedia transcription factor. 600 MHz 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to study the structure and location of penetratin interacting with a sodium dodecyl sulphate micelle. The positioning of penetratin in the micelle was studied by adding paramagnetic probes (Mn2+ ions, 5-doxyl and 12-doxyl stearic acid) to the solvent. The results show that the peptide is a straight helix positioned with its C-terminus deep inside the micelle and its N-terminus near the surface of the micelle.
Lindberg
M
M
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gräslund
A
A
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D004330:Drosophila; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry; D008823:Micelles; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary / Q000502:physiology; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008823:Micelles; C037404:12-doxylstearic acid; C005072:5-doxylstearic acid; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D008345:Manganese; C414409:penetratin