title: Effects of testosterone and exercise on muscle leanness in eugonadal men with AIDS wasting.
abstract: Loss of lean body and muscle mass characterizes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) wasting syndrome (AWS). Testosterone and exercise increase muscle mass in men with AWS, with unclear effects on muscle composition. We examined muscle composition in 54 eugonadal men with AWS who were randomized to 1) testosterone (200 mg im weekly) or placebo and simultaneously to 2) resistance training or no training in a 2 x 2 factorial design. At baseline and after 12 wk, we performed assessments of whole body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and single-slice computed tomography for midthigh cross-sectional area and muscle composition. Leaner muscle has greater attenuation. Baseline muscle attenuation correlated inversely with whole body fat mass (r = -0.52, P = 0.0001). This relationship persisted in a model including age, body mass index, testosterone level, viral load, lean body mass, and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (P = 0.02). Testosterone (P = 0.03) and training (P = 0.03) increased muscle attenuation. These data demonstrate that thigh muscle attenuation by computed tomography varies inversely with whole body fat and increases with testosterone and training. Anabolic therapy in these patients increases muscle leanness.
authors.affiliation: Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Fairfield
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Treat
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Frontera
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parlman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schoenfeld
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klibanski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grinspoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D019247:HIV Wasting Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010809:Physical Fitness; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone