title: [Peri-areolar approach in pronounced gynecomastia with focus-plasty and liposuction].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of gigantic gynecomastia has usually been accompanied by ugly scars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Because of our experiences in 38 patients with gynecomastia grade III, we suggest a surgical technique that not only involves a simple mastectomy and liposuction, but also a mere periareoler incision and, if necessary, repeated focusplasty and liposuction. Excessive skin can be repaired with a so-called focusplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In young patients this can successfully be achieved in one operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because skin has a minimized ability to retract in older patients, repeat operative sessions are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Plastische, Asthetische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder, Salzburg, Osterreich.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Todoroff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D015413:Mastectomy, Simple; D008875:Middle Aged; D009558:Nipples / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation