title: Increased eosinophil infiltration and degranulation in colonic tissue from patients with collagenous colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Eosinophils infiltrate the colonic mucosa of patients with collagenous colitis (CC), although the pathogenetic implications are unknown, including whether these eosinophils are activated and degranulate in situ. We examined eosinophil infiltration and degranulation in the intestines of patients with CC by immunofluorescence for eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used both conventional histology (hematoxylin and eosin) and indirect MBP immunofluorescence histochemistry on colon biopsy specimens from patients with CC (n = 21) and from healthy controls (n = 9). Scoring of histological features was performed on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections on a 0 to 3 scale. Eosinophil infiltration and degranulation, as quantified by extracellular MBP staining, were scored in each specimen on a 0 to 4 scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inflammatory infiltrate of the lamina propria, the thickness of the collagen band, the numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and degree of epithelial cell damage were all significantly increased in patients with CC as compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Scores for both eosinophil infiltration and degranulation were also significantly higher in the CC group compared to controls (p < 0.0001). The degree of infiltrating eosinophils by hematoxylin and eosin was correlated with eosinophil infiltration and degranulation by MBP immunostaining; however, no other correlations were found between eosinophil infiltration or degranulation by immunofluorescence and any of the histological parameters measured in the CC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eosinophil infiltration and degranulation are increased in the colonic mucosa of patients with CC compared to healthy controls. Eosinophils and their cytotoxic granule proteins could be involved in the pathogenesis of CC. Further studies will be necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of eosinophil activation in CC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Van Keulen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Burgart
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sandborn
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kephart
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gleich
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Leiferman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D003092:Colitis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012260:Ribonucleases
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D003094:Collagen; D012260:Ribonucleases