title: A 20 year audit of nose-tip symmetry in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to audit the process and outcome in terms of nasal-tip symmetry of the first 20 patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate treated by the Pigott alar leapfrog primary nasal correction in the early 1970s and followed for 20 years. Symmetry was assessed using the Coghlan computer-based analysis of frontal and basal views to determine the stability of the correction. The Abyholm technique of alveolar bone grafting was performed in 12 of the 20 patients. Various other secondary procedures have been performed on the nose tip and septum to improve the airway or appearance. Photographs were taken within one year of ages 5, 10, 15 and 20 years, and the lower border of the nose, the alar domes and the nostrils were assessed. To assess the overall change from 5 years to 20 years, both views were available for 17 patients. No significant change was found in the lower border or nostril symmetry, but significant deterioration at the P< 0.01 level was found on the basal view. We assessed the 10, 15 and 20 year views of all 12 patients who had undergone alveolar bone grafting to determine early and late changes. No significant benefit was found from alveolar bone grafting or minor secondary procedures for appearance. Consequently, our criteria for undertaking minor adjustments to improve appearance have become more stringent. We consider that objective reporting of appearance should become essential in peer-reviewed journals.
authors.affiliation: Cleft Palate Unit, Department of Plastic Surgery, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Timoney
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Pigott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome