title: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in India: high APOE*E3 allele frequency in Ramgarhia of Punjab.
abstract: High resolution two dimensional gel electrophoresis with the combination of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and density gradient sodium dodecyl-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (DG-PAGE) have been employed to investigate the distribution of APOE in Ramgarhia (n = 80) and Ramdasia (n = 70) of Punjab, India. Three alleles APOE*E2, APOE*E3 and APOE*E4 were observed in Ramgarhia and Ramdasia with the frequencies of 0.031, 0.913, 0.056 and 0.043, 0.886 and 0.071, respectively. Higher heterozygosity (20.8%) in Ramdasia reflects greater variation at the APOE locus. The APOE*E3 allele is found to be the highest (0.913) in Ramgarhia in comparison to forty-one populations of the world. A decreasing cline from south to north was evident for *E2 and *E4 allele frequencies (y = -0.002x + 0.141, r = 0.78 and y = -0.004x + 0.229, r = 0.83, respectively, and an increasing cline for the *E3 allele towards north was observed (y = 0.006x + 0.629, r = 0.82) in Asia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Punjabi University, Patiala, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gerdes
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mastana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics*; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E