High-throughput multi-analyte screening for renal disease using capillary electrophoresis.
End-state renal disease (ESRD) affects 300000 people in the United States each year. A large percentage of these individuals (approximately 20%) die within the first year after diagnosis. Current methods of determining renal function rely on the measurement of a single marker using slow and frequently non-specific colorimetric methods. In this report, capillary zone electrophoresis was used to perform a multi-analyte assay for markers of renal function in urine. This method tested for creatinine (Cr), creatine (Cn), uric acid (UA), and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) levels. The limits of detection (S/N=3) were found to be 5 microM for Cr, 0.75 microM for Cn, and 1.5 microM for UA and PAH. Linear ranges were determined to be 5-500 microM for Cr, 0.75-500 microM for Cn, and 1.5-250 microM for UA and PAH. These ranges included the expected concentrations of the markers in human urine after 50-fold dilution. This screening method proved to be a simple and fast way to perform a high throughput analysis for multiple renal function indicators.
Clark
E A
EA
Department of Chemistry, Center for Integrated Chemical Measurements, Mississippi State University, Box 9573, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Fanguy
J C
JC
Henry
C S
CS
D003401:Creatine / Q000652:urine*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine*; D010130:p-Aminohippuric Acid / Q000652:urine*
D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine; D003401:Creatine; D010130:p-Aminohippuric Acid