title: Distinct effect of diazoxide on insulin secretion stimulated by protein kinase A and protein kinase C in rat pancreatic islets.
abstract: Protein kinase activation is known to stimulate glucose-induced insulin secretion in the presence of diazoxide. Diazoxide opens the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel and inhibits FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. In the present study, we examined the effect of lower (100 microM) and higher (250 microM) concentrations of diazoxide on insulin release by protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) activation. Forced depolarization by a high potassium concentration, augmented the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) similarly in the presence of both concentrations of diazoxide. Under this condition, 250 microM diazoxide inhibited insulin release enhanced by PKA activation but not that by PKC. Under a basal concentration of [Ca(2+)](i), PKC activation elicited glucose-induced insulin secretion at 100 and 250 microM diazoxide, while PKA activation did so only at 100 microM. These augmentations were completely inhibited by mannoheptulose, a glucokinase inhibitor. Glyceraldehyde, in place of glucose, enhanced insulin secretion by PKC activation under both concentrations of diazoxide. On the other hand, it did not affect PKA-stimulated insulin release under either conditions, but in the case of 100 microM, glucose augmented the insulin secretion in the presence of glyceraldehyde and db-cAMP concentration-dependently. These data suggest that insulin release stimulated by PKA and PKC activation under diazoxide is dependent on glucose metabolism, and that a signal derived from proximal steps in glycolysis may be necessary for the secretion by PKA activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Z P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003981:Diazoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005985:Glyceraldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D005985:Glyceraldehyde; D003994:Bucladesine; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D005947:Glucose; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D003981:Diazoxide; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium