title: The relation between plasma endothelin-1 levels and metabolic control, risk factors, treatment modalities, and diabetic microangiopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: We evaluated the possible relation between plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels and metabolic control, risk factors, treatment modalities, and diabetic microangiopathy, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and healthy control group. Sixty-eight (39 females and 29 males) patients with Type 2 diabetes and 14 (6 females and 8 males) healthy subjects were included in the study. Plasma ET-1 levels were found to be 10.46+/-1.24 pmol/l in the diabetic group, whereas 7.97+/-0.41 pmol/l in the control group, which was statistically significant (P<.01). We also found elevated plasma ET-1 levels in patients with the least one microvascular complication when compared with the uncomplicated diabetes group (P=.02). Moreover, plasma ET-1 levels of the uncomplicated group was higher than the control group (P<.05). Plasma ET-1 levels were significantly elevated in hypertensive diabetics than normotensive diabetics (t=2.58, P=.012). It was also found to be elevated in diabetic patients with diabetes duration of more than 10 years when compared with patients less than 10 years (P=.02). These findings can be interpreted as the increased damage of microvascular complications in the disease process that may lead to elevated ET-1 levels. Mean plasma ET-1 levels in diabetic patients with a family history of diabetes was found to be higher than patients with no family history of diabetes. Genetical and environmental factors may have an effect on ET-1 level. We also studied the correlations of plasma ET-1 levels on age, sex, fasting blood glucose levels, treatment modalities HbA1c, hyperlipidemia, C-peptide, Body Mass Index, and smoking, but did not find any statistically significant difference. In conclusion, plasma ET-1 levels are well correlated with microangiopathy, hypertension, increased disease duration, and family history of diabetes, but poorly correlated with metabolic control, treatment modalities, age, sex, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, TR-44069, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buyukberber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sevinc
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ates
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Savli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cigli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D019332:Endothelin-1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin