title: Factors affecting late fixture loss and marginal bone loss around teeth and dental implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The predictability and high success rate of implant treatment have averted attention from factors affecting fixture loss and bone loss around implants.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to retrospectively evaluate late fixture loss and marginal bone loss around implants that have been in function for 5 years and to relate these findings to bone loss in the natural dentition.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-three consecutively treated patients who had received an implant-anchored fixed prosthesis and completed a 5-year follow-up were selected. Intraoral and panoramic radiographs were used to assess bone loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bone loss was greater around remaining implants in patients who had lost implants after loading. No correlation was found between bone loss around implants and that around teeth. Only 2% of the fixtures were lost during 5 years of functional load. Most fixtures losses occurred in the edentulous maxilla. Seven of the nine patients who lost fixtures were smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show that patients who lost implants also lost more bone around the remaining implants. There was no correlation between bone loss around implants and that around teeth, indicating that different interacting mechanisms are involved.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institute, Institute of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Stockholm, Sweden. Margareta.Hultin@ofa.ki.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hultin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kallus
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klinge
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants