title: Coping, pain, and disability in osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the role of coping styles as prospective determinants of pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee or hip.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 71 patients with OA of the hip and 119 patients with OA of the knee were used. Using regression analysis, relationships were established between the use of active and passive coping styles and the level of pain and disability 36 weeks later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with knee OA, the passive coping style of resting was found to predict a higher level of disability 36 weeks later after controlling for the baseline level of disability. In the same manner in patients with knee OA, the active coping style of transforming pain was found to predict higher levels of pain 36 weeks later. In patients with hip OA, no significant relationship between coping styles and pain and disability was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of resting as a prospective determinant of disability, as reported in patients with other chronic disorders, could also be established for knee OA, but not hip OA. Transforming pain was found to be a risk factor for pain in knee OA.
authors.affiliation: The Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht. m.steultjens@nivel.nl
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Steultjens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bijlsma
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012146:Rest / Q000523:psychology