title: [Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in children and young adults].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe complication of diabetic microangiopathy. The prevalence is low in children and increases with patient age and duration of diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Full ophthalmologic examination was completed by fluorescein angiography in 36 diabetic patients diagnosed in childhood, with duration of diabetes more than 5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 5 years of diabetes, 44% of the patients had DR. Background retinopathy was found in 31%, preproliferative retinopathy in 5% and proliferative retinopathy in 8% of cases. DR was associated with diabetic maculopathy in 8 patients and cataract in 4 patients. DR was correlated with the age of patients at diagnosis of diabetes, time of ophthalmologic examination, sex, duration and balance of diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of DR increases with the duration and the imbalance of diabetes. The importance of well balanced diabetes and regular ophthalmologic examination were necessary to decrease the frequency of DR.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Tahar Sfar, 5111 Mahdia, Tunisie.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Hamouda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Messaoud
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayadi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khairallah
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soua
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sfar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors