title: Estrogen and neuroinflammation.
abstract: Women have a higher incidence of inflammatory disorders than men and also appear to perceive painful stimuli differently. It has been suggested that neuroinflammation plays a role in painful bladder disorders of uncertain etiology, such as interstitial cystitis. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin produced in peripheral tissues that can also mediate pain and inflammation. We found that treatment of mice with the estrogen antagonist ICI 182,780 had no effect on bladder NGF content but decreased bladder NGF messenger RNA. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that the mucosa is the primary source of NGF in the mouse bladder, and the bladder mucosa also expresses estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, ER-beta, and the high-affinity NGF receptor tyrosine kinase A. Estrogen may also modulate neurogenic inflammation by interaction with other substances and cells that participate in the pathogenesis of neurogenic inflammation, including substance P, bradykinin, and mast cells. Collectively, these observations indicate that estrogen has the capacity to influence the onset and course of neurogenic inflammation of the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA. bjorlind@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bjorling
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D004958:Estradiol; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor