title: Systemic and lung physiological changes in rats after intravascular activation of complement.
abstract: Systemic complement activation has been noted in a variety of shock states, and there is growing evidence that, in addition to being proinflammatory effectors, products of complement activation contribute directly to generalized manifestations of shock, such as hypotension and acidosis. To study the effects of complement activation, we examined responses in rats to systemic activation of complement with cobra venom factor (CVF), including blood pressure, metabolic acidosis, changes in vascular permeability, and lung function. High doses of CVF produced circulatory collapse (mean arterial pressure = 110 +/- 16 and 35 +/- 9 mmHg in control and with CVF, respectively, P < 0.05), metabolic acidosis (HCO concentration = 27.8 +/- 1.7 and 9.6 +/- 3.4 meq/l in control and with CVF, respectively, P < 0.05), extravasation of albumin into the lung and gut, and modest arterial hypoxemia (PO2 = 486 +/- 51 and 201 +/- 36 Torr in control and during 100% O2 breathing, respectively, P < 0.05). Prior depletion of complement protected against these abnormalities. Other interventions, including neutrophil depletion and cyclooxygenase inhibition, prevented lung injury but had much less effect on systemic hemodynamics or gut permeability, suggesting that complement activation products induce injury by neutrophil- and cyclooxygenase-dependent pathways in the lung but not in the gut. These studies underscore the significant systemic abnormalities developing after systemic activation of complement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. Jyounger@umich.edu
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Younger
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: T X
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Nghiem
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Waite
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Till
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D001121:Lysine Carboxypeptidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004546:Elapid Venoms; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; C016310:cobra venom factor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D001121:Lysine Carboxypeptidase; D010100:Oxygen