title: Primary care patients' personal illness models for depression: a preliminary investigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the fact that more than half of depressed persons are treated for this disorder by primary care physicians, depression is often under-recognized or treated inadequately. There is continued emphasis on effective treatment of depression in primary care patients, but little attention has been paid to the role of the depressed person's illness cognitions in coping with this disorder. Given the often recurring and chronic nature of depression, the individual's self-management strategies may be critical to effective treatment, recovery and remaining well.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether primary care patients' personal illness cognitions for depression are associated with depression coping strategies and treatment-related behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one primary care patients with depressive symptoms or disorder completed interviews and questionnaires assessing illness cognitions for depression, depression coping strategies and other treatment-related behaviour. Descriptive statistics are used to present patients' illness cognitions for depression. t-tests and correlational analyses were completed to assess the relationship between illness cognitions, depression coping strategies and treatment-related behaviour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preliminary data describing illness cognitions for depression are presented. Participants' illness cognitions for depression were significantly associated with current and past treatment-seeking behaviour, medication adherence and coping strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although preliminary, these findings indicate that patients' understanding of depression and its consequences are associated with how they manage this illness. Future research is needed to examine the mediating and moderating effects of illness cognitions for depression on medication adherence and other self-management behaviours of depressed primary care patients. Knowledge about primary care patients' personal illness models will aid in the development of adherence interventions, self-management training and support services appropriate to patients' needs in the primary care setting.
authors.affiliation: Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunbar-Jacob
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Palenchar
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bruehlman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sereika
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Thase
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015984:Causality; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires