title: Stimulation of various functions in murine peritoneal macrophages by high mannuronic acid-containing alginate (HMA) exposure in vivo.
abstract: High mannuronic acid-containing alginate (HMA) was tested to affect murine peritoneal macrophages. In the present study, we measured various functions of murine peritoneal macrophages that were isolated 20 h after intraperitoneal injection with HMA (25 and 100 mg/kg). HMA increased the number of peritoneal macrophages and phagocytosis. Macrophages from HMA-treated mice significantly inhibited growth of tumor cells compared to macrophages from control mice. In addition, supernatants from macrophages of HMA-treated mice contained nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and TNF-alpha. The increased production of these cytotoxic molecules induced by HMA is consistent with tumoricidal activity of activated macrophages. Furthermore, HMA-induced tumoricidal activity was partially abrogated by anti-TNF-alpha, inhibitors of NO and the scavenger of reactive oxygen. Thus, the tumoricidal activity induced by HMA appeared to be mediated by the production of TNF-alpha, NO and H2O2. Taken together, these results suggest that HMA has the immunostimulating effect on macrophages after in vivo exposure of it.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunopharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Sung Kyun Kwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-do 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pyo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000464:Alginates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; C008324:mannuronic acid