title: Sidestream cigarette smoke accelerates atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-/- mice.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have strongly implicated active and passive smoking with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was performed to determine if exposure to sidestream cigarette smoke (SSCS), a surrogate of environmental tobacco smoke, promotes atherogenesis in a mouse model of human atherosclerosis. Female ApoE-deficient mice, maintained on a Western diet, were exposed to SSCS in a whole-body exposure chamber for a total of 6 h each day, 5 days a week for 7, 10 and 14 weeks. Animals exposed to filtered ambient air served as controls. Elevated concentrations of blood carboxyhemoglobin and pulmonary CYP1A1 ascertained effective exposure of animals to SSCS. There were no consistent changes in serum concentrations of cholesterol between control and SSCS-exposed mice. Morphometric assessment of grossly discernible lesions covering the intimal area of aorta showed remarkable increases in SSCS-exposed mice at all three exposure durations studied. Increases in the lesion area defined by en face measurements were accompanied by parallel increases in the levels of esterified and unesterified cholesterol in the aortic tissues of SSCS mice. These results clearly demonstrate promotion of atherosclerotic lesion development by tobacco smoke in an atherosclerosis-susceptible mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 229 THRI Bldg., University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0236, USA. cggair01@pop.uky.edu
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Gairola
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Drawdy
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daugherty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000378:metabolism; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D005260:Female; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin; D002784:Cholesterol; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1