title: Mechanism of estrogens-induced increases in intracellular Ca(2+) in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of estrogens (diethylstilbestrol [DES], 17 beta-estradiol) on intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in hormone-insensitive PC3 human prostate cancer cells was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  [Ca(2+)](i) changes in suspended cells were measured by using the Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estrogens (1--20 microM) increased [Ca(2+)](i) concentration-dependently with DES being more potent. Ca(2+) removal inhibited 50 +/- 10% of the signal. In Ca(2+)-free medium, pretreatment with 20 microM estrogens abolished the [Ca(2+)](i) increases induced by 2 microM carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, a mitochondrial uncoupler) and 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor), but pretreatment with CCCP and thapsigargin did not alter DES-induced Ca(2+) release and partly inhibited 17 beta-estradiol-induced Ca(2+) release. Addition of 3 mM Ca(2+) increased [Ca(2+)](i) in cells pretreated with 1- 20 microM estrogens in Ca(2+)-free medium. Pretreatment with 1 microM U73122 to block phospholipase C-coupled inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation did not alter estrogens-induced Ca(2+) release. The effect of 20 microM estrogen on [Ca(2+)](i) was not affected by pretreatment with 0.1 microM estrogens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estrogen induced significant Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) influx in an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-independent manner in PC3 cells. These effects of estrogens on Ca(2+) signaling appear to be nongenomic. Prostate 47:141-148, 2001.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan. crjan@isca.vghks.gov.tw
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jan
mesh_terms: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D016257:Fura-2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014475:Uncoupling Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004963:Estrenes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D014475:Uncoupling Agents; C049925:fura-2-am; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; D004958:Estradiol; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; D019284:Thapsigargin; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2