title: Enteric neuroblasts require the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway for GDNF-stimulated proliferation.
abstract: The enteric nervous system (ENS) develops from neural crest cells that enter the gut, migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into neurons and glia. The growth factor glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) stimulates the proliferation and survival of enteric crest-derived cells. We investigated the intracellular signaling pathways activated by GDNF and their involvement in proliferation. We found that GDNF stimulates the phosphorylation of both the PI 3-kinase downstream substrate Akt and the MAP kinase substrate ERK in cultures of immunoaffinity-purified embryonic avian enteric crest-derived cells. The selective PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY-294002 blocked GDNF-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in purified crest cells, and reduced proliferation in cultures of dissociated quail gut. The ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitors PD 98059 and UO126 did not reduce GDNF-stimulated proliferation, although PD 98059 blocked GDNF-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK. We conclude that the PI 3-kinase pathway is necessary for the GDNF-stimulated proliferation of enteric neuroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Focke
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schiltz
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011784:Quail; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009025:Morpholines; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one