title: Breast reconstruction with TRAM flap after subcutaneous mastectomy for injected material (siliconoma).
abstract: Many patients throughout the world have had breast augmentation using injectable materials. In the Far East, an adulterated impure silicone has been used by non-medical persons and unlicensed 'cosmetic surgeons' as well as by licensed physicians. The injected material usually causes a granulomatous reaction, tenderness, erythema, pain or discomfort and even skin necrosis. Eventually, the injected breast becomes very hard and develops a distorted contour. Previous treatment was by subcutaneous mastectomy with immediate or delayed reconstruction using a silicone prosthesis. The results of this were often unsatisfactory. We obtained more satisfactory results in 11 patients who had the siliconoma removed by subcutaneous mastectomy and the breast reconstructed with a de-epithelialised TRAM flap.
authors.affiliation: Aesthetic Surgical Centre, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Noordhoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015414:Mastectomy, Subcutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012827:Silicone Oils