title: Excretion of sweat and urine pyridinoline crosslinks in healthy controls and subjects with established metabolic bone disease.
abstract: Convenient techniques for measuring rates of bone turnover have been developed in recent years with the advent of biochemical markers of bone metabolism. One recent of these techniques is a collection method and quantitative enzyme immunoassay for free pyridinoline crosslinks in human sweat. The concentrations of pyridinoline crosslinks in 5-day sweat collections and first morning void and 24-hour urine collections from healthy subjects and subjects with established metabolic bone disorders were determined. T-scores were higher in the sweat system than in the urine system by up to 10-fold in postmenopausal subjects, women with hyperparathyroidism, and subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis. For subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis yielded areas under the curve of 0.699, 0.629, and 0.520 for sweat pyridinoline, first morning void urine pyridinoline, and 24 hour urine pyridinoline respectively. The areas under the curve of the sweat and first morning void urine measurements were significantly greater (p<0.05) than the 24-hour pyridinoline measurements. Healthy postmenopausal subjects and subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis were monitored before and during estrogen replacement therapy or alendronate therapy. Sweat pyridinoline values declined by 49.0 +/- 12.4% and 19.4 +/- 19.9% for estrogen and alendronate subjects respectively. We conclude that this non-invasive technique is a sensitive and specific measure of bone resorption and is appropriate as an adjunct to techniques such as bone density and may also be useful in monitoring of response to anti-resorptive therapies.
authors.affiliation: Vision Biotechnology Consulting, Escondido, CA, USA. mjsarno@aol.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarno
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarno
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baylink
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Drinkwater
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kleerekoper
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lappe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Licata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McClung
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nattrass
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Recker
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tjersland
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Warnick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019386:Alendronate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D012372:ROC Curve; D013542:Sweat / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; C015484:pyridinoline; D019386:Alendronate