title: Intravesical Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide stimulates an increase in bladder nerve growth factor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of the intravesical instillation of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on nerve growth factor (NGF, which may mediate the pain associated with inflammation) protein and mRNA in the bladders of mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  E. coli LPS was instilled into the bladders of female mice; the whole-bladder NGF content was then determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the NGF mRNA content of the bladder determined by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Bladder NGF was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry in some of the mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS stimulated a significant increase in bladder NGF 90 min after instillation, but bladder NGF content was significantly less than that in bladders of control mice 3 and 7 h after LPS instillation. Twenty-four hours after the intravesical infusion of saline or LPS, there was no difference in NGF content in bladders from saline or LPS-infused mice. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of increased NGF in the mucosa of detrusor from bladders 90 min after LPS instillation. Bladder NGF mRNA increased more slowly in response to LPS, and 7 and 24 h after LPS instillation the relative abundance of NGF mRNA was 1.5 and 2.0 times greater in LPS-infused bladders, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E. coli LPS can stimulate increased NGF message and protein in the bladder. The increase in NGF protein preceded the increase in mRNA, suggesting that this increase was not the result of gene transcription. It is possible that NGF participates in the pathogenesis of pain associated with bacterial cystitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. bjorlind@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bjorling
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beckman
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Uehling
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger