title: Characterization of emissions of dioxins and furans from ethylene dichloride, vinyl chloride monomer and polyvinyl chloride facilities in the United States. Consolidated report.
abstract: This is the consolidated report of emissions of PCDD/F from facilities in the organic chemical manufacturing chain leading to polyvinyl chloride. Data have been gathered from facilities in the US and Canada from a number of manufacturers and at various steps in the manufacturing process. Estimates of US emissions or transfers of PCDD/F were generated on an "Upper Bound" and "Most Likely" basis. The Most Likely estimate of US emissions of PCDD/F to the open environment, that is, air, water and land surface by facilities in this chain, based on evaluation of non-detects at one-half the detection limit is about 12 g I-TEQ per year. On this same basis, an estimated 19 g is disposed of in secure landfills.
authors.affiliation: The Vinyl Institute, Inc., Arlington, VA 22209, USA.
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Garrity
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ledvina
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McCreedy
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tuhovak
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Weston
mesh_terms: D002617:Chemical Industry; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D012016:Reference Values; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D014481:United States; D014752:Vinyl Chloride; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides; D005663:Furans; C024565:ethylene dichloride; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D014752:Vinyl Chloride