title: Skin diseases in children with organ transplants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skin diseases are frequent in organ transplant recipients, but studies concerning children are sparse.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed skin diseases in children who had received organ transplants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 145 children referred to our dermatologic consultation were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Steroid-induced striae distensae and acne occurred only in adolescents; severe cyclosporine-related side effects were more frequent in younger children. The most common findings were warts (53.8%), tinea versicolor (14.5%), herpes simplex/zoster (9.6%), molluscum contagiosum (6.9%), and impetigo contagiosum and folliculitis (6.2%). Other notable disorders included a diffuse hyperpigmentation with a "dirty" appearance of the skin, pyogenic granulomas, melanocytic nevi proliferation, and skin tags. Two of 20 further adult patients who received transplants during childhood had squamous cell carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children who have received organ transplants frequently present side effects of immunosuppressive drugs and infectious diseases. Most disorders are related to the age of the patients rather than to the length of immunosuppression, whereas others are favored by the reinforcement of immunosuppression. Skin cancers were not encountered, but the risk of carcinomas in early adulthood should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, the Pediatric Transplantation Unit, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Euvrard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanitakis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cochat
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cambazard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Claudy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents