title: Diversity of the immunoglobulin heavy chain in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) is contributed by genes from two parallel IgH isoloci.
abstract: Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) variable (V) region cDNAs from the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., have been isolated and analysed with respect to diversity and transcription of the two parallel IgH isoloci in this species. A total of nine V(H) families were defined according to the 80% identity criterion, of which seven were highly related (>80% identity) to the V(H) families defined in rainbow trout and arctic charr. The variability of the CDR1 and 2 was low, although mutational hot-spot consensus sequences were accumulated in these regions. The CDR3 showed largest variability, expressing at least eight different groups of D motifs diversified by fusion of the D motifs, possible N and P nucleotide insertions and exonuclease activity. Presumably functional transcripts expressing D motifs in all three reading frames were identified for two of the motifs. The cDNAs were mapped to either of the two parallel loci, and sequence analysis revealed that the repertoire of V(H) segments was contributed by transcription of genes from both of the IgH isoloci. Transcription of genes from both isoloci generated no obvious effects on variability in the CDR3 of the Atlantic salmon IgH chains, although one additional J(H)-segment with altered N-terminal was generated by the process of duplication and divergence. Thus, the issue of biological significance of the two IgH isoloci remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. steins@nih.uit.no
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Solem
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hordvik
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Killie
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Warr
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012474:Salmon / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region