Overview of remediation technologies for persistent toxic substances.
This paper gives a review of established and emerging technologies for the treatment of wastes and soils contaminated by Persistent Toxic Substances which include the Persistent Organic Pollutants. The technologies are classified as biological, physico-chemical, and thermal treatments, describing main unit operations and comparing technical, social and environmental limitations, including some potential risks and environmental impacts. Estimated overall costs, cleanup times, reliability, and maintenance levels are also presented in order to assess advantages and limitations of each technology.
Lodolo
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A
International Centre for Science and High Technology, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Pure and Applied Chemistry, Trieste, Italy. lodolo@ics.trieste.it
Gonzalez-Valencia
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E
Miertus
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D004782:Environmental Health; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*