African origin of modern humans in East Asia: a tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes.
To test the hypotheses of modern human origin in East Asia, we sampled 12,127 male individuals from 163 populations and typed for three Y chromosome biallelic markers (YAP, M89, and M130). All the individuals carried a mutation at one of the three sites. These three mutations (YAP+, M89T, and M130T) coalesce to another mutation (M168T), which originated in Africa about 35,000 to 89,000 years ago. Therefore, the data do not support even a minimal in situ hominid contribution in the origin of anatomically modern humans in East Asia.
Ke
Y
Y
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China.
Su
B
B
Song
X
X
Lu
D
D
Chen
L
L
Li
H
H
Qi
C
C
Marzuki
S
S
Deka
R
R
Underhill
P
P
Xiao
C
C
Shriver
M
M
Lell
J
J
Wallace
D
D
Wells
R S
RS
Seielstad
M
M
Oefner
P
P
Zhu
D
D
Jin
J
J
Huang
W
W
Chakraborty
R
R
Chen
Z
Z
Jin
L
L
D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D000483:Alleles; D001208:Asia; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010139:Pacific Islands; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011156:Population Density; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*