title: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor inhibits Fas-triggered apoptosis in bone marrow cells isolated from patients with refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts.
abstract: Treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plus erythropoietin may synergistically improve hemoglobin levels and reduce bone marrow apoptosis in patients with refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS). Fas-induced caspase activity is increased in RARS bone marrow cells. We showed that G-CSF significantly reduced Fas-mediated caspase-8 and caspase-3-like activity and the degree of nuclear apoptotic changes in bone marrow from nine RARS patients. A decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species occurred in Fas-treated cells, but became significant only 24 h after changes in caspase activity and decrease in proliferation. G-CSF also reduced the magnitude of these late apoptotic changes. In CD34-selected normal cells, G-CSF induced myeloid colony growth, and an overall small decrease in the number of erythroid colonies. By contrast, G-CSF induced a 33-263% increase of erythroid colony formation in CD34+ cells from four of five RARS patients with severely reduced erythroid growth, while the normal or slightly reduced erythroid growth of three other patients was not influenced by G-CSF. This study suggests that G-CSF may reduce the pathologically increased caspase activity and concomitant apoptotic changes, and promote erythroid growth and differentiation of stem cells from RARS patients. Our data support the clinical benefit of G-CSF in this subgroup of myelodysplastic syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt-Mende
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tehranchi
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Forsblom
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Christensson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fadeel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhivotovsky
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hellström-Lindberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000756:Anemia, Sideroblastic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D015672:Erythroid Precursor Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; D019014:fas Receptor; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases