title: Cancer screening in a high risk population: a clinical trial.
abstract: The purpose of this paper is to report the results of screening high risk women for ovarian cancer using endovaginal ultrasound (EVUS), color flow Doppler and cancer antigen (CA) 125. A total of 252 women were recruited with a family history of ovarian cancer in at least 1 first-degree relative. All women underwent a pelvic examination and EVUS twice during the first year and annually thereafter. Of 210 premenopausal women in the study, 14 underwent surgery. Of these, 2 were based on the endovaginal ultrasound (US) results and proved to be false-positive. There were 48 postmenopausal women who underwent 9 operations. Of these, 2 were stimulated by finding a thickened stripe on EVUS, and proved to be endometrial carcinomas. There were 2 ovarian cancers, both advanced, 1 colon cancer and 1 renal cell cancer. Of the women, 6 had a history of breast cancer and 11 more developed it during the study. This high-risk population has a very high prevalence of breast cancer, and mammography must be a part of ovarian cancer screening programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, OB/GYN, Vascular Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Kenneth.Taylor@yale.edu
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000235:genetics; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen