title: Thermal sensitivity in Tourette syndrome: preliminary report.
abstract: The effects of heat on tic symptoms were studied in a sample of 78 adults with Tourette syndrome. 62 men and 16 women completed a survey concerning the type, onset, and course of their tics. 10 adult male subjects also participated in a thermal challenge during which ambient temperature was raised from 22 degrees C to 35 degrees C following a control period. Of the 78, 24% or 19 reported increased tics upon exposure to heat. Compared to the remaining 59 subjects, there were no differences in sex distribution, current age, or overall course of illness. In the thermal challenge, there was general increase in tics that was correlated with sweat rate (r = .55, p = .001). This effect was prominent in 5 of 10 subjects (rs = .29 to .63). There were no mean differences in current age, age of onset, or current severity of symptoms between the five subjects of each group. Tic symptoms in a subgroup of patients with Tourette syndrome may be sensitive to heat. Abnormal heat regulation is not a likely explanation for the observed increase in tics. The increase may be due to normal heat-loss mechanisms through dopaminergic pathways.
authors.affiliation: Child Study Center, Yale School of Nursing, New Haven, CT 06520-7900, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scahill
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lombroso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Van Wattum
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Leckman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020323:Tics / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*