title: Bovine bone implant with bovine bone morphogenetic protein in healing a canine ulnar defect.
abstract: Xenograft is considered an alternative material for bone transplantation, but its bone healing capacity is inferior compared to that of autografts and allografts. Here, we tested whether bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) addition enhances the suitability of demineralized xenogeneic bovine bone for bone grafting in dogs, and whether xenogeneic bone is a suitable carrier material for BMPs. The capacity of demineralized bovine bone implants, with and without native partially purified bovine BMP, to heal a 2-cm ulnar defect was determined in six dogs over a follow-up time of 20 weeks. No instances of bone union were seen, but there was slightly more bone formation in the xenografts with BMP, though the difference was not statistically significant. The ulnas treated with an implant with BMP were also mechanically stronger, but the difference was not significant. Computed tomography scans showed no differences in the implant area in bone density, bone mineral content, or bone cross-sectional area. It is concluded that native, partially purified BMP does not sufficiently improve the suitability of bovine demineralized xenografts as a bone substitute material for dog. Demineralized xenogeneic bone does not seem to be a feasible carrier material for BMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Bone Transplantation Research Group, P.O. Box 5000, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuominen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jämsä
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuukkanen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marttinen
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jalovaara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001860:Bone Plates; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001863:Bone Screws; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy; D013718:Tensile Strength; D019415:Torque; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000379:methods*; D014457:Ulna / Q000601:surgery* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers