title: Liver injury suppressing compounds from avocado (Persea americana).
abstract: To evaluate the protective activity of fruits against liver injury, 22 different fruits were fed to rats with liver damage caused by D-galactosamine, a powerful liver toxin. As measured by changes in the levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), avocado showed extraordinarily potent liver injury suppressing activity. Five active compounds were isolated and their structures determined. These were all fatty acid derivatives, of which three, namely, (2E,5E,12Z,15Z)-1-hydroxyheneicosa-2,5,12,15-tetraen-4-one, (2E,12Z,15Z)-1-hydroxyheneicosa-2,12,15-trien-4-one, and (5E,12Z)-2-hydroxy-4-oxoheneicosa-5,12-dien-1-yl acetate, were novel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan. acksugi@agr.shizuoka.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawagishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inakuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D027421:Persea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D005688:Galactosamine; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase