title: [Selective training of respiratory muscles in patients with chronic heart failure].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with chronic heart failure have a lower inspiratory muscle strength and fatigue endurance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of selective training of respiratory muscles in patients with heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with stable chronic heart failure, aged 58.3 +/- 3 years with an ejection fraction of 28 +/- 9%, were subjected to respiratory muscle training with threshold valves. The load was fixed in 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) in 11 and in 10% of PImax in nine. Two sessions of 15 minutes, 6 days per week, during 6 weeks were done. Degree of dyspnea (Mahler score), maximal oxygen uptake, distance walked in 6 minutes, respiratory muscle function and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured before and after training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both training loads were associated to an improvement in dyspnea (+2.7 +/- 1.8 and +2.8 +/- 1.8 score points with 30% PImax and 10% PImax respectively), maximal oxygen uptake (from 19 +/- 3 to 21.6 +/- 5 and from 16 +/- 5 to 18.6 +/- 7 ml/kg/min with 30% PImax and 10% PImax respectively, p < 0.05), PImax (from 78 +/- 22 to 99 +/- 22 and from 72 +/- 34 to 82.3 cm H20 with 30% PImax and 10% PImax respectively), sustained PImax (from 63 +/- 18 to 90 +/- 22 and from 58 +/- 3 to 69 +/- 3 cm H20 with 30% PImax and 10% PImax respectively), and maximal sustained load (from 120 +/- 67 to 195 +/- 47 and from 139 +/- 120 to 192 +/- 154 g with 30% PImax and 10% PImax respectively). The distance walked in 6 min only increased in subjects trained at 30% PImax (from 451 +/- 78 to 486 +/- 68 m).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selective training of respiratory muscles results in a functional improvement of patients with chronic heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Departamentos de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares y Respiratorias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lisboa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalil
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casanegra
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corbalán
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vásquez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leiva
mesh_terms: D001945:Breathing Exercises; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D007320:Inspiratory Capacity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*