title: The mere exposure effect in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: The mere exposure effect refers to the development of an emotional preference for previously unfamiliar material because of frequent exposure to that material. This study compared schizophrenia subjects (n = 20) to normal controls (n = 21) to determine whether implicit memory, as demonstrated by the mere exposure effect, was intact. Patients with schizophrenia demonstrated a normal preference for both verbal and visual materials seen earlier relative to novel materials, despite impaired performance on a recognition task for explicit memory using similar materials. Previous studies of schizophrenia subjects have shown a dissociation between implicit and explicit memory on verbal tasks. We found a similar dissociation demonstrated by normal functioning on an implicit memory task and impaired functioning on an explicit memory task. Potential implications of these findings are discussed with regard to treatment and rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5719, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marie
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gabrieli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pratto
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Zajonc
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D002755:Choice Behavior; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D010153:Paired-Associate Learning; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014706:Verbal Learning