title: Aza analogues of thalidomide: synthesis and evaluation as inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in vitro.
abstract: A synthetic entry to derivatives of the new classes of 5-phthalimidouracils and 5-phthalimidobarbituric acids is reported. These 5-phthalimidopyrimidines as well as phthalimido-2,4-difluorobenzenes were designed as analogues of thalidomide, a well known inhibitor of TNF-alpha production. A preliminary in vitro investigation of the compounds as inhibitors of the TNF-alpha production was performed. Among the compounds of the present series, 5-ethyl-1-phenyl-5-(tetrafluorophthalimido)barbituric acid and 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrafluoro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione were proved to be potent inhibitors. Both compounds showed inhibitory activity in the lower micromolar range on the LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in human monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Germany. guetscho@uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gütschow
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hecker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thiele
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hauschildt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eger
mesh_terms: D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001372:Aza Compounds; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013792:Thalidomide