title: The neutrophil granule protein cathepsin G activates murine T lymphocytes and upregulates antigen-specific IG production in mice.
abstract: Cathepsin G is a neutrophil granule derived antimicrobial chymotrypsin-like enzyme. Our previous study showed that cathepsin G induces chemotactic migration of human phagocytic leukocytes and increases random migration of T lymphocytes. In this study, we investigated the capacity of cathepsin G to activate T lymphocytes and to modulate antigen-specific humoral responses in mice. We found that cathepsin G is mitogenic for and induces production of IFN-gamma by murine T cells in vitro. Injection of cathepsin G in BALB/c mice immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide resulted in a significantly increased production of KLH-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies. There was a dose-dependent increase in KLH-specific proliferation of lymphocytes from draining lymph nodes from mice treated with KLH and cathepsin G when compared with those treated with KLH alone. Subsequent analysis of IFN-gamma and IL-4 release following in vitro re-stimulation of draining lymph node lymphocytes obtained from KLH-immunized mice suggested that cathepsin G augments KLH-specific Ig antibody production via activation of T cells, presumably involving both Th1 and Th2 pathways. Thus, neutrophil granule cathepsin G, in addition to its capacity to kill microbes and to enhance leukocyte motility, activates T lymphocytes and modulates humoral immunity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chertov
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D056649:Cathepsin G; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006433:Hemocyanins; D002403:Cathepsins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C534094:CTSG protein, human; D056649:Cathepsin G; C534096:Ctsg protein, mouse; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin