title: Minocycline induced lupus: case series in the West of Scotland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical symptoms and serology of drug-induced lupus in patients treated with the semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, minocycline.
  
  
  METHODS
  For a 5-year period, all consultant rheumatologists and dermatologists in the West of Scotland were asked to report any suspected cases of a lupus-like syndrome to one center. Twenty cases were identified on the basis of arthritis, positive antinuclear factor and at least one other extraarticular feature following treatment for acne with minocycline. Case histories were reviewed to determine any demographic, clinical, or serological correlations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minocycline had been prescribed for a mean of 25 months for the 20 patients identified with drug-induced lupus; 15 were female, 5 were male with a mean age of 24 years. All patients had arthritis and most had at least one other extraarticular feature including lethargy, myalgia, fevers, Raynaud's phenomenon, abdominal pain, and butterfly rash. None had renal involvement. All symptoms resolved at a mean of 15.7 weeks after discontinuation of minocycline treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minocycline is widely used in the treatment of acne and increasingly in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Although the absolute risk of developing drug-induced lupus is relatively low, it has been estimated that current use of minocycline is associated with an 8.5 fold increased risk of developing a lupus-like syndrome. Prescribing physicians must be vigilant for any of the characteristic symptoms to avoid unnecessary morbidity, investigations, and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Glasgow Royal Infirmary and Gartnavel General Hospital, Scotland.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008911:Minocycline / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012606:Scotland; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008911:Minocycline