title: Cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase MB are not increased in exterior oblique muscle of patients with renal failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) concentrations may be increased in patients with renal dysfunction without evidence of cardiac damage, as assessed by conventional methods. It has been suggested that these positive measurements result from the expression in skeletal muscle of fetal isoforms of cTnT, which are detected by the cTnT immunoassay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Skeletal muscle (exterior oblique) biopsies were taken from healthy living kidney donors (n = 5) and transplant recipients (n = 19). The amounts of cTnT and creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes in skeletal muscle of healthy controls were compared with those in patients with renal failure (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). cTnT was measured quantitatively by a second-generation assay, with a limit of detection of 1 microg/g of protein, and qualitatively by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. CK-MB was measured by quantitative electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minute quantities of cTnT were detected in 2 of the 5 (40%) control samples and 9 of the 19 (47%) renal failure samples, respectively, at mean concentrations of <5 microg/g of protein for both subject groups. This was <1/6000th that found in heart muscle. There was no significant difference in cTnT or CK-MB content in skeletal muscle between healthy controls and patients with renal failure. Increased serum cTnT did not predict detectable cTnT in skeletal muscle. cTnT was not detected qualitatively by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry in any skeletal muscle samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uremia does not affect the content of cTnT or CK-MB in exterior oblique muscle, suggesting that cTnT detected in serum from patients with renal failure does not originate from skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Unit, Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. frederic@sghms.ac.uk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fredericks
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bewick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Collinson
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Holt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020107:Troponin T / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020107:Troponin T; D003402:Creatine Kinase