title: Carbohydrate beverage ingestion and neutrophil degranulation responses following cycling to fatigue at 75% VO2 max.
abstract: Carbohydrate (CHO) beverage ingestion appears to influence neutrophil functional responses to prolonged exercise of a fixed duration. The aim of this randomised study was to examine the effect of CHO (5% w/v) beverage ingestion on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neutrophil degranulation responses in nine recreationally active males who cycled at 75% VO2 max until fatigue. On two separate occasions, subjects ingested either placebo (PLA) or CHO beverages before and at 15 min intervals during the exercise. Subjects exercised for 31% longer on the CHO trial compared with the PLA trial (P < 0.05). At fatigue plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower on the PLA trial compared with the CHO trial (P < 0.05). Plasma cortisol concentrations had increased similarly on both trials at this time. A marked neutrophilia was evident at fatigue and throughout the 4 h recovery period, the magnitude of which was similar on both trials. At fatigue LPS-stimulated elastase release per neutrophil had fallen similarly on both trials compared with pre-exercise values (47% and 50% on the PLA and CHO trials, respectively). In conclusion, our results suggest that CHO beverage ingestion has negligible influence on the hormonal, circulating neutrophil and LPS-stimulated neutrophil degranulation responses when exercise is performed to fatigue.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, England.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Blannin
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gleeson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000276:immunology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000276:immunology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D006854:Hydrocortisone