title: A comparison of ocular melanocyte and uveal melanoma cell invasion and the implication of alpha1beta1, alpha4beta1 and alpha6beta1 integrins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Posterior uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumour in adults, responsible for the death of approximately 35% of patients. Hepatic metastases are most frequent, and once diagnosed survival is usually less than 1 year. The beta1 family of integrins, alphavbeta3 and MMP-2 and MMP-9 have been implicated in the metastasis of several types of tumour. To study their involvement in uveal melanoma we analysed the expression of the beta1 integrins, alphavbeta3, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in 10 primary posterior uveal melanomas, and correlated expression with invasive potential in vitro. Comparable studies were undertaken on cultures of melanocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of integrins was studied by immunohistochemistry, secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography, and the invasive potential was assessed using a transwell model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP-2 was secreted by all uveal melanomas and seven of 10 secreted MMP-9. Among uveal melanoma, invasion levels of 4-25% were observed and the major integrins expressed were alpha1beta1, alpha2beta1, alpha3beta1, alpha5beta1, and avbeta3. Melanocytes did not express alpha1beta1, alpha4beta1, and alpha6beta1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The laminin binding alpha6beta1 integrin was not expressed by either melanocytes or tumours with spindle morphology, which are considered to have a better prognosis. It is possible that expression of the alpha6beta1 integrin may prove useful as a prognostic indicator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Orthoptics, University of Sheffield, Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Elshaw
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sisley
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: MacNeil
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Rennie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000378:metabolism; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D016023:Integrins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9