title: Role of Rab3 GDP/GTP exchange protein in synaptic vesicle trafficking at the mouse neuromuscular junction.
abstract: The Rab3 small G protein family consists of four members, Rab3A, -3B, -3C, and -3D. Of these members, Rab3A regulates Ca(2+)-dependent neurotransmitter release. These small G proteins are activated by Rab3 GDP/GTP exchange protein (Rab3 GEP). To determine the function of Rab3 GEP during neurotransmitter release, we have knocked out Rab3 GEP in mice. Rab3 GEP-/- mice developed normally but died immediately after birth. Embryos at E18.5 showed no evoked action potentials of the diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles in response to electrical stimulation of the phrenic and sciatic nerves, respectively. In contrast, axonal conduction of the spinal cord and the phrenic nerve was not impaired. Total numbers of synaptic vesicles, especially those docked at the presynaptic plasma membrane, were reduced at the neuromuscular junction approximately 10-fold compared with controls, whereas postsynaptic structures and functions appeared normal. Thus, Rab3 GEP is essential for neurotransmitter release and probably for formation and trafficking of the synaptic vesicles.
authors.affiliation: Takai Biotimer Project, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, c/o JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Kobe 651-2241, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takai
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004576:Electromyography; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D018390:Gene Targeting; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D020692:rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D020692:rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins