Novel, soluble isoform of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) receptor nectin1 (or PRR1-HIgR-HveC) modulates positively and negatively susceptibility to HSV infection.
A novel member of the nectin family, nectin1gamma, was molecularly cloned. The cDNA has the same ectodomain as nectin1alpha and nectin1beta, the two known transmembrane isoforms that serve as receptors for herpes simplex virus (HSV) entry into human cell lines (nectin1alpha and nectin1beta, also called PRR1-HveC and HIgR, respectively). The 1.4-kb transcript, which originated by alternative splicing, is expressed in human cell lines, and appears to have a narrow distribution in human tissues. The sequence does not have a hydrophobic anchoring region, and the protein is secreted in the culture medium of cells transfected with the cDNA. Nectin1gamma, purified from culture medium, can compete with membrane-bound nectin1beta and reduce HSV infectivity. The expression of nectin1gamma cDNA in cells resistant to HSV infection and lacking HSV receptors enables HSV to enter the cell, which implies that it is present at the cell surface. Thus, nectin1gamma has the potential both to mediate and to reduce HSV entry into cells.
Lopez
M
M
Institute of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.119, 13009 Marseille, France.
Cocchi
F
F
Avitabile
E
E
Leclerc
A
A
Adelaide
J
J
Campadelli-Fiume
G
G
Dubreuil
P
P
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003470:Culture Media; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D000075983:Nectins; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012995:Solubility
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003470:Culture Media; C000619010:NECTIN1 protein, human; D000075983:Nectins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011991:Receptors, Virus