Toxicity of Fusarium moniliforme culture material containing known levels of fumonisin B1 in ducks.
Fusarium moniliforme culture material toxicity containing fumonisin B1 (FB1) was investigated into four groups of five growing ducks, each receiving 0,5,15 or 45 mg/kg FB1 by daily oral administration over 12 days. Treatments did not lead to lethality, but the average body weight gain was slightly retarded in treated versus control animals, without apparent dose relation. A dose-dependent increase of the liver weight with a disorganization of the span and implementation of a microglandular structure in both periportal and centrolobular areas was obtained. In the plasma, together protein, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, gammaglutamyl transferase and sphinganine to sphingosine ratio (SA/SO) were increased. No sign of apoptosis was present neither in the liver nor in peripheral blood lymphocytes and only moderate oxidative damages were obtained. These results are of interest, because although FB1 increases SA/SO and is hepatotoxic in all investigated species, liver hyperplasia with increased liver weight were obtained in ducks, whereas decreased liver weight and apoptosis are observed in rats. Finally, although ducks appeared resistant to FB1 toxicity in terms of mortality, liver alterations were obtained with only 5 mg/kg per day of FB1 for 12 days. Considering the fact that high levels of FB1 may occur in corn (100-300 mg/kg), liver pathology could have an impact in farming conditions.
Bailly
J D
JD
Mycotoxicology Laboratory, Veterinary School of Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France.
Benard
G
G
Jouglar
J Y
JY
Durand
S
S
Guerre
P
P
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004372:Ducks / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D037341:Fumonisins; C056933:fumonisin B1; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol