title: Skin surface electric potential induced by ion-flux through epidermal cell layers.
abstract: The skin surface electric potential has been widely used for psychological studies because it is sensitive to emotional conditions. We measured the electric potential on the surface of hairless mice skin in organ culture with several physiological factors. Disruption of mitochondrial function and inhibition of ATPase reduced the skin surface potential 50-70%. Calcium, potassium, and sodium channel blockers also reduced the potential. A calcium-specific and potassium ionophore reduced the potential, but the calcium and magnesium ionophore increased it. EDTA decreased the potential but EGTA had no effect. Skin surface barrier disruption reduced the potential and calcium and potassium channel blockers partially prevented the decrease. Substance P and corticotropin-releasing factor decreased the potential, and antagonists blocked the decreases. These results suggest that the ion flux in the nucleated layer of the epidermis induce the skin surface potential and it is influenced by environmental and neuroendocrinological factors.
authors.affiliation: Shiseido Reassert Center, 2-12-1, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-8643, Japan. mitsuhiro.denda@to.shiseido.co.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000494:pharmacology; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007476:Ionophores; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D013373:Substance P; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D019810:Sodium Azide; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases