title: The structures of anthranilate synthase of Serratia marcescens crystallized in the presence of (i) its substrates, chorismate and glutamine, and a product, glutamate, and (ii) its end-product inhibitor, L-tryptophan.
abstract: The crystal structure of anthranilate synthase (AS) from Serratia marcescens, a mesophilic bacterium, has been solved in the presence of its substrates, chorismate and glutamine, and one product, glutamate, at 1.95 A, and with its bound feedback inhibitor, tryptophan, at 2.4 A. In comparison with the AS structure from the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus, the S. marcescens structure shows similar subunit structures but a markedly different oligomeric organization. One crystal form of the S. marcescens enzyme displays a bound pyruvate as well as a putative anthranilate (the nitrogen group is ambiguous) in the TrpE subunit. It also confirms the presence of a covalently bound glutamyl thioester intermediate in the TrpG subunit. The tryptophan-bound form reveals that the inhibitor binds at a site distinct from that of the substrate, chorismate. Bound tryptophan appears to prevent chorismate binding by a demonstrable conformational effect, and the structure reveals how occupancy of only one of the two feedback inhibition sites can immobilize the catalytic activity of both TrpE subunits. The presence of effectors in the structure provides a view of the locations of some of the amino acid residues in the active sites. Our findings are discussed in terms of the previously described AS structure of S. solfataricus, mutational data obtained from enteric bacteria, and the enzyme's mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 3115 Merryfield Row, La Jolla, CA 92121-1115, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spraggon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nguyen-Huu
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yanofsky
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000878:Anthranilate Synthase / Q000737:chemistry*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002827:Chorismic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008190:Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019884:Nitrogenous Group Transferases / Q000737:chemistry*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000737:chemistry*; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009842:Oligopeptides; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; D005973:Glutamine; C031385:anthranilic acid; C052985:isochorismic acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D014364:Tryptophan; D019884:Nitrogenous Group Transferases; D008190:Lyases; D000878:Anthranilate Synthase; C020655:anthranilate synthase, glutamine amidotransferase subunit; D002827:Chorismic Acid