title: Protein disulfide isomerase and sulfhydryl-dependent pathways in platelet activation.
abstract: The inhibition of blood platelet aggregation and secretion was studied using covalent thiol reagents, maleimides, or mercuribenzoates, or using inhibitors of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), bacitracin or antibodies to PDI. As expected, both types of inhibitors were effective against stimulation by normal physiologic stimuli. On the other hand, when stimulation was initiated with the peptide LSARLAF, that specifically activates the integrin alphaIIbbeta3 (the fibrinogen receptor), the PDI inhibitors were without effect. LSARLAF-induced aggregation was, however, inhibited by the sulfhydryl reagents. To further investigate the role of sulfhydryl-containing proteins and alphaIIbbeta3, platelets were labeled with membrane-impermeant sulfhydryl reagents. Nine bands were found labeled on gel electrophoresis. Two of the labeled bands were identified as alphaIIb and beta3. The conclusions are that while PDI is required for platelet aggregation and secretion, an additional sulfhydryl-dependent step or protein is also required. This latter reaction occurs at the level of alphaIIbbeta3. In distinction to most literature reports, at least a subpopulation of alphaIIbbeta3 contains free sulfhydryl groups, consistent with the possibility that it is a substrate for PDI or part of the sulfhydryl-dependent response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology and Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA. essex@hscbklyn.edu
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Essex
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Feinman
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008301:Maleimides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D020245:p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008301:Maleimides; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents; C113734:leucyl-seryl-alanyl-arginyl-leucyl-alanyl-phenylalanine; D020245:p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid; D003094:Collagen; C047272:3-(N-maleimidopropionyl)biocytin; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases; D008239:Lysine