title: New bronchoscopic microsample probe to measure the biochemical constituents in epithelial lining fluid of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A noninvasive bronchoscopic microsampling (BMS) probe was developed to sample biochemical constituents of the epithelial lining fluid in small airways.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational, controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intensive care unit of academic medical center. PATIENTS AND PROCEDURE: BMS was applied in a control group of seven patients who had hemoptysis or small solitary peripheral nodules but no hypoxemia or other signs of acute inflammation and in four patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), to test whether BMS can ascertain the presence of acute pulmonary inflammation without complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complications, including a significant decrease in arterial oxygen saturation, were observed neither during nor after BMS. In the ARDS group, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-6, basic fibroblast growth factor, and neutrophil elastase concentrations in epithelial lining fluid were significantly higher (p <.0001, p =.012, p <.0001, p <.0001, and p <.0001, respectively) than in the control group. Serial BMS was safely performed in one patient with ARDS, allowing us to observe a correlation between changes in the concentration of inflammation-related biochemical markers and clinical course of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that BMS is safe and useful to monitor pulmonary biochemical events in ARDS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. ishiz@attglobal.net
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishizaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morisaki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*