title: Chromosome 18 deletions are common events in classical midgut carcinoid tumors.
abstract: Classical midgut carcinoids are rare intestinal neuroendocrine tumors that often present with metastases at diagnosis. In contrast to foregut carcinoids, midgut carcinoids are not related to the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome, and the mechanisms involved in their tumorigenesis are unknown. Eight classical midgut carcinoids were analyzed by genome-wide screening for loss of heterozygosity. Deletions on chromosome 18 were found in 88% of the tumors. DNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining for Smad4/DPC4, which often is homozygously mutated in pancreatic and colon carcinomas, revealed no aberrations. In 1 tumor, a region telomeric to the Smad4/DPC4/DCC genes at 18q21 was deleted. Other chromosomes were affected in 3 lesions only. The high frequency of chromosome 18 deletions strongly indicates a genetic alteration of importance in classical midgut carcinoid tumorigenesis, apparently not involving the Smad4/DPC4 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Unit, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Löllgen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hessman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Westin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akerström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497796:SMAD4 protein, human; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators