title: Platelet GPIIb/IIIa binding characteristics of small molecule RGD mimetic: distinct binding profile for Roxifiban.
abstract: A number of non-peptide orally active RGD mimetic prodrug such as Orbofiban, Sibrafiban, SR121566, Roxifiban and others entered into the clinical evaluation stage. Some of these agents were terminated and some are still in clinical trials. The present study examined the platelet GPIIb/IIIa binding profiles for the active form of Roxifiban, Sibrafiban, SR121566 and Orbofiban using 3H-Roxifiban active form (XV459), 3H-DMP728, 125I-Echistatin, and 125I-Fibrinogen. Either DMP728, Orbofiban, Sibrafiban, SR121566 or Roxifiban active form as well as other RGD mimetic bind to the same binding site(s) on human platelets as evident from the competitive inhibition of binding of each other to human platelet. Additionally, Roxifiban active form competed with FITC labeled GPIIb/IIIa antagonist cyclic RGD peptidomimetic (XL086) as demonstrated using confocal microscopy technique. Roxifiban active form (XV459) demonstrated the highest potency in inhibiting 3H-XV459, 3H-DMP728, 125I-Echistatin, and 125I-Fibrinogen binding to human platelets as compared to the others. Structure activity relationship within the isoxazoline Roxifiban series showed that substituent at the alpha-carbon next to the carboxy terminal represents an exosite for the affinity binding to human platelets leading to slow platelet dissociation rate. These data indicated a distinct binding profile for Roxifiban (high affinity to both activated and resting platelets associated with a relatively slow K(off)) as compared to others. These differences might determine the pharmacodynamics and pharmackokinetics of the different GPIIb/IIIa antagonists.
authors.affiliation: DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400, USA. shaker.a.mousa@dupontpharma.com
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bozarth
authors.forename: U P
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slee
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008024:Ligands; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D015539:Platelet Activation; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D007555:Isoxazoles; D008024:Ligands; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D005340:Fibrinogen; D003094:Collagen; C118235:roxifiban