title: Gemcitabine, epirubicin, and paclitaxel combinations in advanced breast cancer.
abstract: Strategies to improve outcome in metastatic breast cancer include the first-line use of combinations of optimal doses of active agents, with the goal being to improve complete response rates and thus long-term survival. Although prior studies of anthracycline/taxane combinations generally have shown improved response rates and progression-free survival in comparison with single-agent regimens or anthracycline/cyclophosphamide-containing combinations, the data have not consistently demonstrated improved overall survival; indeed, they have yielded generally disappointing complete response rates. We evaluated the combination of gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN), epirubicin, and paclitaxel (GET) based on the hypothesis that epirubicin/paclitaxel is best suited for achieving delivery of optimal doses, and the addition of gemcitabine (which exhibits good single-agent activity with a favorable toxicity profile) will increase activity. In a phase II trial of 36 patients, the GET regimen produced reasonable toxicity and was associated with a 92% response rate, including complete responses in 31% of patients. The overall response rate increased to 97%, including complete responses in 41% of patients, with high-dose consolidation chemotherapy in 25 patients. A trial comparing GET with epirubicin/paclitaxel as first-line treatment in more than 600 patients with metastatic breast cancer has been initiated, with survival as the primary end point. Another large-scale trial is being planned to compare the GET regimen with an anthracycline/cyclophosphamide/paclitaxel combination in patients with early stage high-risk breast cancer. Semin Oncol 28 (suppl 7):15-17.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Landucci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gennari
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D043823:Taxoids
chemical_list: D043823:Taxoids; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D015251:Epirubicin; D017239:Paclitaxel