title: Virtual simulation in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Investigation of the feasibility and effectiveness of virtual simulation in patients receiving radiotherapy of the breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients were included in the study. All of them underwent a course of postoperative tangential breast irradiation. The patients were prospectively randomised into two groups. Group A patients (n=11) received a conventional computed tomography -based treatment planning, group B patients (n=12) a virtual simulation. The results of both treatment planning procedures were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment planning was feasible in all patients. The time expenditure could be reduced from a median of 45.0 to 16.5 min and from 55.0 to 32.0 min for the technician and physician, respectively, using virtual simulation. Furthermore the treatment planning for the patient could be reduced from a median of 45.0 min in two sessions to 16.5 min in one session. The image quality of the digital reconstructed radiographs was satisfying compared to the simulation films. The incidence and extension of set-up corrections for the patients at the first treatment were comparable in both groups. The time interval between the planning CT and the first treatment could be reduced by 31% using virtual simulation due to the omission of the conventional simulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The virtual simulation is a feasible tool for the treatment planning of patients undergoing tangential irradiation of the breast. Compared with the conventional simulation procedure virtual simulation is superior regarding to the precision of patients marking, the quality of the reference images and, the time expenditure for the patients and medical staff.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Strahlentherapie, Ruppiner Kliniken GmbH, Neuruppin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchali
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geismar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hinkelbein
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schlenger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Budach
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014584:User-Computer Interface