title: Economic costs of urinary incontinence in community-dwelling Australian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the economic cost of urinary incontinence in community-dwelling Australian women aged 18 years and over for the year 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extrapolation of data from studies of women with incontinence to the Australian population of women aged 18 years and over in 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimated prevalence of urinary incontinence in 1998, and estimated cost in Australian dollars of resource use and personal costs related to management of incontinence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An estimated 1835628 community-dwelling women over the age of 18 years had urinary incontinence in 1998. The total annual cost of this urinary incontinence is estimated at $710.44 million, or $387 per incontinent woman, comprising $338.47 million in treatment costs and $371.97 million in personal costs. An estimated 60% of women with incontinence in 1998 were aged 40 years or over. Assuming the prevalence of incontinence remains constant and, allowing for inflation, we project that the total annual cost in 20 years' time will be $1267.85 million, 93% ($1.18 billion) of which will constitute costs associated with women aged over 40 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary incontinence imposes a considerable drain on Australian healthcare resources. More research is needed to understand the magnitude of the problem and potential gains from continence promotion.
authors.affiliation: School of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chiarelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cockburn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology