title: Constraint-induced movement therapy to enhance recovery after stroke.
abstract: A therapeutic approach to rehabilitation of movement after stroke, termed constraint-induced (CI) movement therapy, has been derived from basic research with monkeys given somatosensory deafferentation. CI therapy consists of a family of therapies; their common element is that they induce persons with stroke to greatly increase the use of a more-affected upper extremity (UE) for many hours a day over a 2- to 3-week period. These therapies have significantly improved quality of movement and substantially increased amount of use of a more-affected UE in the activities of daily living in life situations. A number of neuroimaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies have shown that the massed practice of CI therapy produces a massive use-dependent cortical reorganization that increases the area of cortex involved in the innervation of movement of the more-affected UE. The intensity and schedule of delivery of this very efficacious therapy is quite different from that of more traditional physical rehabilitation approaches. As a result, to be clinically applicable, the CI therapy approach to rehabilitation will likely require a paradigm shift in the delivery of physical rehabilitation services.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., CH415, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, USA. etaub@uab.edu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation