title: Genital ulcers disease among sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees in Ibadan, Nigeria.
abstract: Genital ulcer disease (GUD) is a risk factor in the transmission of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV). The goal of this study is to estimate proportion, identify risk factors, and improve prevention and control of GUD. This is a retrospective study of 211 cases of GUD seen between 1993 and 1997 in an urban public sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. Genital ulcers form 7.6% of all STDs seen. Overall, genital herpes was commonest (89 or 42.25%). It was the predominant infection (84 or 44.7%) in the males, while lymphogranuloma venereum (52 or 24.7%) was in females. The peak incidence in both sexes occurred in the 20-29 age group. Males out numbered females by a ratio of 8:1. Most of the patients were single 114 (68.3%) and most 70 or 33.3% were students. Risk markers identified were: casual sex (103 or 53.5%) and multiple sexual partners (77 or 36.5%). Both were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in single patients. Self-treatment, use of multiple drugs and incomplete course of antibiotics were also common. The need to intensify STDS education programmes to all occupational groups and to students in particular is highlighted. Commercial sex workers require periodic education, screening and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Fawole
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Okesola
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Fawole
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002602:Chancroid / Q000150:complications; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000209:etiology; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008219:Lymphogranuloma Venereum / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013587:Syphilis / Q000150:complications; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*