title: FZD4S, a splicing variant of frizzled-4, encodes a soluble-type positive regulator of the WNT signaling pathway.
abstract: Frizzled-1 (FZD1)-FZD10 are seven-transmembrane-type WNT receptors, and SFRP1-SFRP5 are soluble-type WNT antagonists. These molecules are encoded by mutually distinct genes. We have previously isolated and characterized the 7.7-kb FZD4 mRNA, encoding a seven-transmembrane receptor with the extracellular cysteine-rich domain (CRD). Here, we have cloned and characterized FZD4S, a splicing variant of the FZD4 gene. FZD4S, corresponding to the 10.0-kb FZD4 mRNA, consisted of exon 1, intron 1, and exon 2 of the FZD4 gene. FZD4S encoded a soluble-type polypeptide with the N-terminal part of CRD, and was expressed in human fetal kidney. Injection of synthetic FZD4S mRNA into the ventral marginal zone of Xenopus embryos at the 4-cell stage did not induce axis duplication by itself, but augmented the axis duplication potential of coinjected Xwnt-8 mRNA. These results indicate that the FZD4 gene gives rise to soluble-type FZD4S as well as seven-transmembrane-type FZD4 due to alternative splicing, and strongly suggest that FZD4S plays a role as a positive regulator of the WNT signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Cell Biology Section, Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sagara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kirikoshi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasuhiko
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katoh
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012995:Solubility; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C402930:FZD4 protein, human; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; C498580:Fzd4 protein, Xenopus; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C495248:wnt8a protein, Xenopus