title: The metabolism of linoleic acid in healthy subjects after intake of a single dose of (13)C-linoleic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the in vivo oxidation of (13)C18:2n-6 and its conversion into longer-chain polyunsaturates (LCPs) in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from six subjects before (fasted) and 7, 11 (non-fasted), 24, 48, 72, 168 and 336 h (fasted) after ingestion of a single bolus of 45 mg uniformly labeled (13)C18:2n-6 dissolved in 8 g olive oil. In three subjects, breath was also sampled and CO(2) production measured every hour during the first 12 h. Subjects consumed their habitual diets. Plasma (13)C-enrichments were measured by GC-C-IRMS and fatty acid compositions by GC/FID.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three men and three women, recruited by local advertisement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tracer/tracee ratio (TTR) of C18:2n-6 in plasma total lipids was already increased 5 h after tracer intake. The mean peak amount (+/-s.e.m) of (13)C18:2n-6 (3.4+/-0.8 mg; 7.6% of dose) was found after about 17 h, (13)C18:3n-6 (0.018+/-0.008 mg; 0.04% of dose) after 7-48 h, and (13)C20:3n-6 (0.028+/-0.011 mg; 0.06% of dose) after 48-336 h. Time to peak TTRs of C20:4n-6 varied between subjects and were on average 0.022+/-0.006 mg (0.05% of dose). The proportion of (13)C18:2n-6 recovered in breath after 12 h ranged between 16.8 and 25.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that a single bolus of 45 mg U-(13)C18:2n-6 can be used to study the oxidation of (13)C18:2n-6. However, because of the low TTRs for C20:4n-6, a higher dose is recommended for studying the conversion of (13)C18:2n-6 into LCPs. In addition, since only about 35% of the tracer was found in plasma total lipids and as (13)CO(2) in breath, it might be necessary to study other accessible lipid fractions as well to study the overall conversion of linoleic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. S.Vermunt@H.UNIMAAS.NL
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Vermunt
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mensink
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Simonis
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wagenmakers
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hornstra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005215:Fasting; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019787:Linoleic Acid