title: Additive effect of clonidine and fluoxetine on apomorphine-induced aggressive behavior in adult male Wistar rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been reported to be superior in its antiaggressive properties as compared with other antidepressants. The objective of the study was to investigate whether the effect of a minimal effective dose of fluoxetine could be potentiated by the alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vehicle (1.0 mL/kg), clonidine (0.1 mg/kg), fluoxetine (10 mg/kg), and their combination [clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) plus fluoxetine (10 mg/kg)] were injected into apomorphine-pretreated (1.0 mg/kg, once daily during 12 days) aggressive adult male Wistar rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated apomorphine treatment induced a gradual development of aggressive behavior. Combined clonidine and fluoxetine treatment attenuated the intensity of aggressive behavior, while these drugs alone had only a weak tendency toward reduction of aggression. Latency before the first attack was unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experiments confirm that combined clonidine and fluoxetine treatment elicits an additive antiaggressive effect on apomorphine-induced aggressive behavior in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skrebuhhova-Malmros
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Allikmets
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matto
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D001058:Apomorphine; D003000:Clonidine; D005473:Fluoxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors