title: Growth hormone induces bone morphogenetic proteins and bone-related proteins in the developing rat periodontium.
abstract: The hypothesis that growth hormone (GH) up-regulates the expression of enzymes, matrix proteins, and differentiation markers involved in mineralization of tooth and bone matrices was tested by the treatment of Lewis dwarf rats with GH over 5 days. The molar teeth and associated alveolar bone were processed for immunohistochemical demonstration of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP-2 and -4), bone morphogenetic protein type IA receptor (BMPR-IA), bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and E11 protein (E11). The cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and periodontal ligament (PDL) cells responded to GH by expressing BMP-2 and -4, BMPR-IA, ALP, OC, and OPN and increasing the numbers of these cells. No changes were found in patterns of expression of the late differentiation markers BSP and E11 in response to GH. Thus, GH evokes expression of bone markers of early differentiation in cementoblasts, PDL cells, and osteoblasts of the periodontium. We propose that the induction of BMP-2 and -4 and their receptor by GH compliments the role of GH-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in promoting bone and tooth root formation.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bartold
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D052005:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin; D010519:Periodontium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C546873:Ibsp protein, rat; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C498213:Bmpr1a protein, rat; C498216:Bmpr1b protein, rat; D052005:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase