title: Chemoprevention of NMU-induced rat mammary carcinoma with the combination of melatonin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.
abstract: In experimental trials using the N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU)-induced rat mammary tumor model, a significant decrease in tumor incidence (to 5%) was observed in rats treated with melatonin and 9-cis-retinoic acid (9 cRA) compared to controls (55%). Although 9cRA alone decreased tumor incidence to 26%, this response did not reach statistical significance. Tumor incidence was significantly inhibited to 20% in the animals that received melatonin and 9cRA on alternating days. Latency to tumor onset was prolonged in animals receiving either of the combination treatments compared with controls, and tumor multiplicity was also significantly decreased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Teplitzky
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Kiefer
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moroz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Spriggs
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Blask
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077556:Alitretinoin; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002273:Carcinogens; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; C000607073:Rara protein, rat; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D000077556:Alitretinoin; D004958:Estradiol; D014212:Tretinoin; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D008550:Melatonin