title: Problem behavior in the last year of life: prevalence, risks, and care receipt in older Americans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of problem behavior in the last year of life in older people and to explore risk factors and assess the effect of behaviors on access to care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of data from the 1993 National Mortality Followback Survey, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons who resided and died in the United States (except South Dakota) in 1993.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven thousand six hundred and eighty-four deaths in people age 65 and older were included, from which full informant interview data were available for 6,748 decedents (88%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Informant data were collected on frequency of complaints about behavior from family members, complaints from others in the community, bizarre behavior, destroying property, violent threats or attempts, and temper tantrums.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 20% of decedents were reported as having any of the problem behaviors sometimes or often in the last year of life. Rates differed little by age at death or gender. Risks of having problem behaviors were higher for those with clinically diagnosed dementia, mental illness, alcohol abuse, and bronchitis or emphysema. A diagnosis of dementia had been made in 27% of those with behavior problems. Nursing homes or healthcare facilities were the usual residence of 32% of people with any behavior problems sometimes or often during their last year of life. Informants for decedents who had destroyed property or made violent threats were 2.3 times (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-4.4) more likely to report that the subject had not received the care they had needed during the last year of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Problem behavior is relatively common in older people in the last year of life and is not confined to nursing home residents or people suffering from dementia.
authors.affiliation: Addenbrooke's NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bedford
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Melzer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guralnik
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology