title: Evaluation of oral antimicrobial agent levels in tooth extraction sites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate various oral antimicrobial agent levels in tooth extraction sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  The concentration of dental alveolar blood in extraction wounds after the oral administration of talampicillin (500 mg), cefaclor (500 mg), cefteram pivoxil (200 mg), cefuroxime axetil (250 mg), cefdinir (200 mg), and ofloxacin (100 mg) was determined in 338 patients and was assessed on the basis of its antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus isolated in odontogenic infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of patients whose concentrations exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of Streptococcus was 62.5% to 100% for talampicillin at 30 to 360 minutes, 0% to 12.5% for cefaclor at 30 to 360 minutes, 18.2% to 100% for cefteram pivoxil at 30 to 480 minutes, 50% to 100% for cefuroxime axetil at 30 to 480 minutes, 0% to 50% for cefdinir at 16 to 290 minutes, and 0% to 40% for ofloxacin at 30 to 480 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that talampicillin, cefteram pivoxil, and cefuroxime axetil have minimum inhibitory concentration levels for 90% of Streptococcus in tooth sockets.
authors.affiliation: Depatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. takashi3@basil.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furudoi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komori
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000378:metabolism; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077525:Cefdinir; D015281:Cefmenoxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010406:Penicillins / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects; D013626:Talampicillin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010406:Penicillins; D011355:Prodrugs; C046817:cefteram pivoxil; D013626:Talampicillin; D002433:Cefaclor; D015242:Ofloxacin; D000077525:Cefdinir; D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002444:Cefuroxime; C040738:cefuroxime axetil