title: Frequency of celiac disease in individuals with Down syndrome in the United States.
abstract: Ninety-three individuals with Down syndrome (DS) were screened to investigate the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in the United States. Five of the 93 individuals were antiendomysial antibody (EMA) positive. Of the 5 who tested positive for EMA, 4 were biopsied, 1 refused biopsy. Three of the 4 individuals biopsied manifested changes of CD on small bowel biopsy. This gives a frequency of 3.2% of confirmed CD in our DS individuals and suggests the need for periodic screening for celiac disease in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Treem
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Worley
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boney
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kishnani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D005903:Gliadin