title: The Fab fragment of anti-digoxin antibody (digibind) binds digitoxin-like immunoreactive components of Chinese medicine Chan Su: monitoring the effect by measuring free digitoxin.
abstract: Chan Su, a Chinese medicine prepared from the skin glands of Chinese toads, is used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Severe toxicity and even death has been reported from overdose with Chan Su. The cardiotonic effect of Chan Su is attributed to bufadienolides, which also have apparent digitoxin activity. We demonstrated that these components of Chan Su could be neutralized by digibind, both in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro experiments, we supplemented drug-free serum pools with aqueous extract of Chan Su. Then, to aliquots of serum pool containing Chan Su, various amounts of digibind (10, 25 or 50 microg/ml of serum) were added. After incubation, total and free digitoxin concentrations (in the protein-free ultrafiltrate) were measured using the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and a FLX/TDx analyzer. For in vivo experiments, mice were fed with Chan Su by gavage. After 45 min, 200 microg of digibind was administered by injection. Fifteen minutes after injection, blood was collected for analysis of total and free apparent digitoxin activities. We observed complete removal of apparent digitoxin activity from protein-free ultrafiltrate both in vitro and in vivo by digibind, indicating that digibind successfully binds Chan Su. We conclude that digibind neutralizes Chan Su, and measuring the free digitoxin concentrations can monitor such an effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 2.292, 77030, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Amitava.Dasgupta@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Actor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002018:Bufanolides / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004074:Digitoxin / Q000032:analysis*; D004077:Digoxin / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D016231:Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002018:Bufanolides; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; C095591:chan su; C050199:digoxin antibodies Fab fragments; D004077:Digoxin; D004074:Digitoxin