title: Fluoroscopic frameless stereotaxy for transsphenoidal surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of frameless fluoroscopy-guided stereotactic transsphenoidal surgery using the FluoroNav Virtual Fluoroscopy System (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc., Memphis, TN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for sellar lesions were assigned to transsphenoidal surgery with or without computer-assisted fluoroscopic image guidance using the FluoroNav system. Prospective data regarding patient age, sex, lesion characteristics, operative time, and treatment cost were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although patients in the FluoroNav group were, on average, 17 years younger than the patients in the control group, more patients with recurrent adenomas were treated in the image guidance group. No other significant differences between the groups were found. FluoroNav provided accurate, continuous information regarding the anatomic midline trajectory to the sella turcica as well as anatomic structures (e.g., sella, sphenoid sinus) in the lateral view. No patient required reversion to intraoperative videofluoroscopy. No statistically significant differences were found with regard to preincision setup time, operative time, or cost. FluoroNav allowed procedures to be performed with significantly fewer x-rays being taken.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluoroscopic computer-assisted frameless stereotaxy furnishes accurate real-time information with regard to midline structures and operative trajectory. Although it is useful in first-time transseptal transsphenoidal surgery, its primary benefit is realized in recurrent surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jane
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thapar
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Alden
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Laws
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D003199:Computer Systems; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000601:surgery; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors