title: Canthus-sparing ectropion repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a novel surgical technique for lower eyelid ectropion repair that avoids canthotomy and cantholysis and can be used in combination with external levator repair and/or in combination with blepharoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of lower eyelid procedures with the use of the canthus-sparing technique between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 1999, was performed. The canthus-sparing approach was used in 198 eyelid procedures for the correction of lower eyelid ectropion. Seventy-four (37.4%) procedures involved the correction of lower eyelid ectropion alone and 25 (12.6%) procedures involved the correction of lower eyelid ectropion during upper eyelid small-incision external levator repair. In these cases, an incision was made lateral to the lateral canthus and a periosteal flap was created at the lateral orbital rim. The inferior crus of the lateral canthal tendon was then attached to this full-thickness elevated periosteum. Twenty (10.1%) procedures involved the correction of ectropion during upper blepharoplasty and 79 (39.9%) procedures involved the correction of ectropion during combined upper eyelid ptosis repair and blepharoplasty. In these cases, the inferior crus of the lateral canthal tendon was attached to a periosteal flap created through the lateral portion of the blepharoplasty incision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of patients undergoing ectropion repair was 74.3+/-9.3 years (range, 42-93 years). The average duration of symptoms (most commonly tearing and/or ocular irritation) was 20+/-14 months (range, 3-84 months). Recurrences of lower eyelid ectropion or symptoms occurred in 4 (2%) eyelids. The average follow-up interval was 54+/-65 days (range, 3-330 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The canthus-sparing approach to ectropion repair promotes a secure adhesion to the lateral orbital wall with minimal violation of normal anatomic structures and relations. It is time-efficient and reduces postoperative morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Lemke
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lucarelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D004483:Ectropion / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques