title: A phase II trial of irinotecan (CPT-11) for unresectable biliary tree carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unresectable adenocarcinomas of the biliary tree have a very poor prognosis. No good chemotherapeutic regimen is available. Irinotecan has not yet been fully tested in this disease. We evaluated its activity in unresectable bile duct cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five consecutive eligible patients at our two institutions were treated with irinotecan at a starting dose of 125 mg/m2. A cycle consisted of once-a-week treatments for four consecutive weeks, followed by two weeks of rest. All patients were required to have histologically confirmed diagnosis, clinically documented metastatic or unresectable carcinoma and measurable disease. Patients were evaluated for response, toxicity, and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 83 cycles of therapy were delivered. Two patients had a partial response (8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0%-18%) and ten additional patients had stable disease for at least two months (40%; 95% CI: 20.8%-59.2%). The therapy was well tolerated, with moderate myelosuppression and diarrhea as the main toxicities. The overall median survival was 10 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Irinotecan has minimal activity in biliary tree carcinomas, but is well tolerated with appropriate supportive care, and produces occasional objective responses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Center for Liver Cancer, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sanz-Altamira
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raeburn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steger
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kemeny
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Saltz
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000032:analysis; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002166:Camptothecin