title: Laser Therapy in Lumbar Herniated Discs.
abstract: The results of experimental and clinical studies using different laser systems in intradiscal blind and endoscopic/foraminoscopic lumbar disc operations are described. We describe the evolution from blind intradiscal techniques starting in 1989 to current endoscopic/foraminoscopic procedures in 1997. Lasers are important and useful tools in these procedures.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Hospital Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
authors.forename: W. E.
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Siebert