title: Uveal melanomas with optic nerve extension: report of two cases diagnosed by transvitreal biopsy, one of them with a multicentric tumour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report two cases of invasive uveal melanomas, one of which showed multifocality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical examination, ultrasonography, colour Doppler analysis, cytological and histopathological evaluations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transvitreal biopsy (case 1) or fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) (case 2) revealed malignant melanomas in both patients. Light microscopy and immunohistochemical examinations substantiated the diagnosis of mixed cell type melanomas. In addition, one patient had a multifocal melanoma with papilloedema and colour Doppler findings suggestive of optic disc involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvitreal biopsy for histology or cytology is a reliable procedure to obtain an accurate diagnosis without delay of a lesion adjacent to the optic nerve head. In our two cases the biopsy findings led to enucleation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The National Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eide
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Syrdalen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scheie
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elgjo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kerty
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brabrand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019574:Optic Nerve Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014822:Vitreous Body