title: Suprarenal intraarterial infusion of alloxan and streptozotocin during balloon occlusion of the juxtarenal abdominal aorta: a simple technique for inducing diabetes mellitus in canines with reduced mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors performed this study to evaluate the mortality and morbidity associated with a simple technique for inducing diabetes in dogs--suprarenal intraarterial infusion of alloxan and streptozotocin during balloon occlusion of the juxtarenal abdominal aorta.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors attempted to induce diabetes in six purpose-bred dogs. After the dogs were fasted for 12 hours, the abdominal aorta at the level of the origin of the renal arteries was occluded with an angioplasty balloon introduced by means of a femoral approach. A 3-F microcatheter (n = 1) or infusion wire (n = 5) was introduced via the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty catheter and positioned at the level of the celiac axis, and a mixture of streptozotocin (20-25 mg/kg) and alloxan (20-25 mg/kg) was infused. Diabetes was considered to have been induced if the dogs experienced sustained hyperglycemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no deaths during the follow-up period (range, 7 months to 2 1/2 years). A diabetes-like state was induced in five of the six dogs, and no nephrotoxicity was seen. Diabetes was not induced in one dog owing to caudal migration of an undersized balloon during the infusion; this also resulted in reversible renal damage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This simple technique is effective for inducing diabetes in dogs, and morbidity and mortality rates are lower than those reported in the literature with other described techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Hospital, Indianapolis 46202, USA.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Salis
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Stecker
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galley
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Eclavea
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Dreesen
mesh_terms: D000496:Alloxan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000502:physiology*; D021721:Balloon Occlusion; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial / Q000379:methods*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013311:Streptozocin; D000496:Alloxan