title: Spinal cord blood flow changes following systemic hypothermia and spinal cord compression injury: an experimental study in the rat using Laser-Doppler flowmetry.
abstract: METHODS
  It is well known that changes of the body temperature as well as trauma influence the blood flow in the brain and spinal cord. However, there is still a lack of knowledge concerning the levels of blood flow changes, especially during hypothermia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This investigation was carried out to examine the effects of systemic hypothermia and trauma on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four rats were randomized either to thoracic laminectomy only (Th VII-IX) or to 35 g spinal cord compression trauma. The animals were further randomized to either constant normothermia (38 degrees C) or to a systemic cooling procedure, ie reduction of the esophageal temperature from 38 to 30 degrees C. SCBF was recorded 5 mm caudal to the injury zone using Laser-Doppler flowmetry which allows a non-invasive continuous recording of local changes in the blood flow. The autoregulation ability was tested at the end of the experiments by inducing a 30-50 mmHg blood-pressure fall, using blood-withdrawal from the carotid artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SCBF decreased 2.8% and 3.5% per centigrade reduction of esophageal temperature in the animals sustained to hypothermia with and without trauma, respectively. This could be compared to a decrease of 0.2%/min when only trauma was applied. No significant differences were seen between the groups concerning auto regulatory ability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the core temperature has a high impact on the SCBF independent of previous trauma recorded by Laser-Doppler flowmetry. This influence exceeds the response mediated by moderate compression trauma alone.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Westergren
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farooque
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holtz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007796:Laminectomy; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*