title: Phase II study of epirubicin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil in hormone-refractory prostatic carcinoma.
abstract: Management of metastatic prostatic carcinoma when it becomes refractory to hormonal therapy is controversial, and no standard treatment exists. Nevertheless, chemotherapy for hormone-refractory prostatic carcinoma (HRPC) has shown some advantages compared with the best supportive care. In a prospective phase II study, we evaluated the combination of epirubicin (E), mitomycin C (MMC), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with HRPC. Twenty-eight patients with HRPC were treated with a combination of E (30 mg/m2), 5-FU (750 mg/m2), and MMC (5 mg/m2) day 1 and 2, every 4 weeks. Treatment was continued until evidence of disease progression or excessive toxicity. Patients were monitored with serial measurements of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Forty-seven percent of the patients exhibited a reduction of serum PSA concentration and an objective response; 38% exhibited disease stability, and 15% had disease progression. Toxicity was substantial. The median time to progression was 7.3 months (range, 1.7-16.8 months) and median survival was 14.5 months (range, 1.6-38.4 months). Performance status improved in 80% of patients, and bone pain was relieved in 70%. Thus the combination of E, MMC, and 5-FU shows activity in the treatment of HRPC, giving substantial palliation of symptoms. In one patient, PSA values remained low even when the tumor had progressed.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Oncologia, Ospedale Civile di Avezzano, Fondazione Ferri-C.R.O.F.I, Monterotonto, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Recchia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Filippis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosselli
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pompili
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rea
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015251:Epirubicin; D016685:Mitomycin; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D005472:Fluorouracil