title: Effect of a self-etch primer/adhesive on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets.
abstract: Conventional adhesive systems use 3 different agents (an enamel conditioner, a primer solution, and an adhesive resin) during the bonding of orthodontic brackets to enamel. A unique characteristic of some new bonding systems in operative dentistry is that they combine the conditioning and priming agents into a single product. Combining conditioning and priming saves time and should be more cost-effective to the clinician and, indirectly, to the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the use of a self-etch primer on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets and on the bracket/adhesive failure mode. Brackets were bonded to extracted human teeth according to 1 of 2 protocols. In the control group, teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid. After the sealant was applied, the brackets were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) and light cured for 20 seconds. In the experimental group, a self-etch acidic primer (ESPE Dental AG, Seefeld, Germany) was placed on the enamel for 15 seconds and gently evaporated with air, as suggested by the manufacturer. The brackets were then bonded with Transbond XT as in the first group. The present in vitro findings indicate that the use of a self-etch primer to bond orthodontic brackets to the enamel surface resulted in a significantly (P = .004) lower, but clinically acceptable, shear bond force (mean, 7.1 +/- 4.4 MPa) as compared with the control group (mean, 10.4 +/- 2.8 MPa). The comparison of the adhesive remnant index scores indicated that there was significantly (P = .006) more residual adhesive remaining on the teeth that were treated with the new self-etch primer than on those teeth that were bonded with the use of the conventional adhesive system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa City 52242-1001, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bishara
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: VonWald
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Laffoon
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D001840:Dental Bonding; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008963:Molar; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C065742:Transbond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate