title: Risk for human tick-borne encephalitis, borrelioses, and double infection in the pre-Ural region of Russia.
abstract: We assessed the risk for human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, and double infection from 1994 to 1998 in Perm, which has among the highest rates of reported cases in Russia. We studied 3,473 unfed adult Ixodes persulcatus ticks collected from vegetation in natural foci and 62,816 ticks removed from humans. TBE virus and Borrelia may coexist in ticks.
authors.affiliation: Gamaleya Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Korenberg
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Gorban
authors.forename: Y V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Kovalevskii
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Frizen
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Karavanov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004675:Encephalitis, Tick-Borne / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D018884:Ixodes; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology