title: [Historical observations on shoulder dystocia. 1) From the origin to Jacquemier].
abstract: The result of a literature survey on shoulder dystocia from year 1609 to 1860 are presented. Operative maneuvers for the resolution of dystocia were mainly examined, as well as the development of knowledge about the pathogenetic mechanism of this serious complication.
authors.affiliation: Ospedale Civile di Borgomanero, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beer
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Folghera
mesh_terms: D004420:Dystocia / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007746:Labor Presentation; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000266:history*; D011247:Pregnancy