title: Engineering principles applied to implantable otologic devices.
abstract: The engineering principles of possible actuators and sensors for totally implantable mid-ear or cochlear hearing devices are summarized. The selection considerations are discussed. The frequency response, and the needed force and displacement at the ossicular chain sites were measured on fresh temporal bones to determine approximately the middle ear device requirements and design considerations. A design example of the actuator and sensor is outlined with laboratory and acute animal evaluation results.
authors.affiliation: Electronics Design Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Maniglia
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006801:Humans; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design