title: Histopathologic analysis of angiogenic factors in localized renal cell carcinoma: the influence of neoadjuvant treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was conducted in order to clarify whether histopathologic analysis of factor thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and Factor VIII could be a useful predictor of postoperative recurrence in localized renal cell carcinoma. Therefore, the relationship between tumor infiltrated lymphocytes (TIL) and both TP and Factor VIII was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 71 patients who underwent surgery, 54 patients had no neoadjuvant therapy (group 1), 10 patients were preoperatively administered IFN-gamma (group 2), and the remaining seven patients preoperatively received IFN-gamma and transarterial embolization (group 3). Both TP and Factor VIII immunostaining were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissue from 71 renal cell carcinoma specimens, while TIL immunostaining was performed on frozen sections. Positive immunostaining was quantitatively scored by a computer-assisted digital image analysis. For TIL, positive results were semiquantitatively scored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference in the recurrence-free rate was recognized for Groups 1, 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Therefore, the median TP-positive rate (PR), VIII-PR, number of microvessels and positive mean vascular area levels were investigated, between the recurrence cases (n = 6) and the recurrence-free cases (n = 11). Only the TP-PR levels showed a significant difference among them (P = 0.044). In regards to the neoadjuvant cases, a significant correlation was observed between both VIII-PR and CD4 (r = 0.815) as well as between VIII-PR and CD11b (r = 0.756).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no clear evidence that the neoadjuvant treatment would increase the recurrence-free survival in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma. TP-PR might be a predictor of postoperative recurrence in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Surugadai Nihon University Hospital, Nihon, Japan. asahigen@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagasaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuge
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanoya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase / Q000032:analysis; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase