title: Administration of isoferulic acid improved the survival rate of lethal influenza virus pneumonia in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isoferulic acid (IFA) is a main active ingredient of the rhizoma of Cimicifuga beracleifolia, which is used frequently in Japanese traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory drug. It has been revealed that IFA inhibits the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), which is a murine counterpart of the chemokine family that may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases through the chemotactic activity for inflammatory and immune effector cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of IFA on the progression of lethal influenza virus pneumonia in mice by comparison with that of dexamethasone (DX), a potent inhibitor for various inflammatory cytokines including MIP-2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were infected by intranasal inoculation of influenza virus under ether anesthesia. The IFA or DX was given by oral administration once daily for 4 days after infection. After infection, the survival rate and the change in body weight were daily monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IFA administration markedly improved the survival rate and body weight loss of influenza virus-infected mice in a suitable dose range (0.5 mg/day). However, DX administration did not show a beneficial effect at any dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggested that IFA is a novel tool not only for the intervention therapy, but also for the studies on the pathogenesis of influenza virus-induced pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Japan. shinyas@ms.toyama-mpu.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mantani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibahara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terasawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007564:Japan; D008518:Medicine, East Asian Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002934:Cinnamates; D003907:Dexamethasone; C008180:isoferulic acid