title: Midterm results of the Ross procedure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimal hemodynamic performance and potential growth of the pulmonary autograft has led to expanded indications for the Ross procedure. We reviewed our institutional experience to assess midterm results with the Ross operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 7-year period (1992 to 1999), 111 patients with a median age of 15.7 years (range 2 days to 67 years), underwent the Ross procedure. Ninety-five patients had isolated aortic valve disease and 16 pediatric patients had a more complex left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 3 early (2.7%) and 3 late deaths over a median follow-up of 3.6 years (range 6 months to 7.6 years). Actuarial survival at 5 years was 94%+/-2%. In pediatric patients, the pulmonary autograft annulus enlarged from 14.7+/-6.2 mm to 22+/-6.3 mm. This growth followed the expected increase in pulmonary valve diameter based on body surface area. Eight reoperations were necessary for autograft insufficiency at a median interval of 14 months (range 2 days to 31 months). Freedom from replacement of the pulmonary autograft was 91%+/-3% at 5 years. Three patients developed important obstruction of the pulmonary homograft requiring reoperation at a median of 29 months (range 9 to 31 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ross procedure can be performed with good midterm results. In pediatric patients, autograft growth has been appropriate. The potential for development of important autograft insufficiency suggests close follow-up through the intermediate and late term.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90027, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pessotto
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Starnes
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous