title: The effect of obliquity on the radiographic appearance of the temporomandibular joint in dogs.
abstract: The temporomandibular joint is formed between the condyloid process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. The basic anatomy of this joint was assessed and described in a series of skulls including dolichocephalic, mesaticephalic and brachycephalic breeds. The facial index and rotational angles were measured with the facial index providing a useful method of classifying skull types but the rotational angle being of limited use in assessment of the temporomandibular joint until normal breed values are established. Equipment was designed to allow repeatable positioning of the temporomandibular joint for radiography at a variety of lateral and long axis rotational angles relative to the central x-ray beam. The regions of the joint and anatomic features visualized in each view are demonstrated. 10 degrees rotation was required in either axis to project the joints independently of each other. Lateral rotational angles of 10 to 30 degrees in mesaticephalic and dolichocephalic breeds and 20 to 30 degrees in brachycephalics and long axis rotational views of 10 to 30 degrees depending on the region of interest were considered to be the most useful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Preclinical Studies and Small Animal Clinical Studies, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dickie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D011859:Radiography / Q000662:veterinary; D013045:Species Specificity; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*