[Application of novel drug delivery system, fusogenic liposome, for cancer therapy].
Over the past decade, many studies concerning novel anti-cancer therapies have been reported. It has been occasionally noted that a powerful anti-cancer drug, especially one whose target is the cytoplasm or cell nucleus, does not work due to the low permeability across a plasma membrane, degradation by lysosomal enzymes through an endocytosis-dependent pathway, and other reasons. Thus, several approaches using drug delivery systems (DDS) are focused on overcoming these difficulties, eventually leading to the induction of maximal ability of anti-cancer drug. In this respect, we have developed a new paradigm for cancer therapy using a novel drug delivery system, fusogenic liposome. Fusogenic liposomes are composed of the ultraviolet-inactivated Sendai virus and conventional liposomes. Fusogenic liposomes effectively and directly deliver their encapsulated contents into the cytoplasm using a fusion mechanism of the Sendai virus, whereas conventional liposomes are taken up by endocytosis. Thus, fusogenic liposome is a good candidate as a vehicle to deliver drugs into the cytoplasm in an endocytosis-independent manner. In this report, we show the feasibility of fusogenic liposome as a delivery vehicle for anti-cancer drugs using a fragment A of diphtheria toxin as an anti-cancer reagent. We also demonstrate the application of fusogenic liposome for cancer gene therapy and cancer vaccines using a TNF-alpha-expression plasmid and a chicken egg ovalbumin, respectively.
Kunisawa
J
J
Dept. of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University.
Mayumi
T
T
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D008081:Liposomes