title: Antiproliferative effects of nitrosulindac on human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines.
abstract: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the incidence of colon cancer, but their use is limited by toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract. The coupling of a nitric oxide-releasing moiety to NSAIDs strongly reduces these side effects. We demonstrated that the NO-releasing sulindac (nitrosulindac) has much more potent effects on colon adenocarcinoma cell lines compared to sulindac. Moreover, it could inhibit the growth of cells in soft agar experiments, demonstrating the antineoplastic activity at low concentration of nitrosulindac. However, this reduction in the growth of colon cancer cells seemed to be independent of the classical apoptosis pathway and could be explained by a cytostatic effect. Nitrosulindac caused a light perturbation of the cell cycle parameters not linked to a modification of the levels of p21 or the proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Moreover, neither sulindac, nor nitrosulindac, were able to inhibit the NF-kappa B pathway. These data suggested that nitrosulindac could be a better solution compared to other NSAIDs in the treatment of colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie et de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 28, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice cedex 2, France. clavagna@unice.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lavagna
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Burgaud
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Soldato
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rampal
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D013467:Sulindac / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C431582:nitrosulindac; D013467:Sulindac; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases