title: Exercise training intervention after coronary angioplasty: the ETICA trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to determine the effects of exercise training (ET) on functional capacity and quality of life (QOL) in patients who received percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary stenting (CS), the effects on the restenosis rate and the outcome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It is unknown whether ET induces beneficial effects after coronary angioplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 118 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease (mean age 57+/-10 years) who underwent PTCA or CS on one (69%) or two (31%) native epicardial coronary arteries. Patients were randomized into two matched groups. Group T (n = 59) was exercised three times a week for six months at 60% of peak VO2. Group C (n = 59) was the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only trained patients had significant improvements in peak VO2 (26%, p < 0.001) and quality of life (26.8%, p = 0.001 vs. C). The angiographic restenosis rate was unaffected by ET (T: 29%; C: 33%, P = NS) and was not significantly different after PTCA or CS. However, residual diameter stenosis was lower in trained patients (-29.7%, p = 0.045). In patients with angiographic restenosis, thallium uptake improved only in group T (19%; p < 0.001). During the follow-up (33+/-7 months) trained patients had a significantly lower event rate than controls (11.9 vs. 32.2%, RR: 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60 to 0.91, p = 0.008) and a lower rate of hospital readmission (18.6 vs. 46%, RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55 to 0.93, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moderate ET improves functional capacity and QOL after PTCA or CS. During the follow-up, trained patients had fewer events and a lower hospital readmission rate than controls, despite an unchanged restenosis rate.
authors.affiliation: G. M. Lancisi Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Ancona, Italy. r.blardinelli@fastnet.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Belardinelli
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paolini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cianci
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georgiou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Purcaro
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents