title: MKK7 is an essential component of the JNK signal transduction pathway activated by proinflammatory cytokines.
abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are activated by phosphorylation on Thr and Tyr by MAPK kinases. Two MAPK kinases (MKK4 and MKK7) can activate the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) group of MAPK in vitro. JNK is phosphorylated preferentially on Tyr by MKK4 and on Thr by MKK7. Targeted gene-disruption studies in mice were performed to examine the role of MKK4 and MKK7 in vivo. Simultaneous disruption of the Mkk4 and Mkk7 genes was required to block JNK activation caused by exposure of cells to environmental stress. In contrast, disruption of the Mkk7 gene alone was sufficient to prevent JNK activation caused by proinflammatory cytokines. These data demonstrate that MKK4 and MKK7 serve different functions in the JNK signal transduction pathway.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tournier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Flavell
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005347:Fibroblasts; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048688:MAP Kinase Kinase 7; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048688:MAP Kinase Kinase 7; C482562:Map2k4 protein, mouse; C482570:Map2k7 protein, mouse; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases