title: The influence of fluid shear and AICI3 on the material properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Desulfovibrio sp. EX265 biofilms.
abstract: An understanding of the material properties of biofilms is important when describing how biofilms physically interact with their environment. In this study, aerobic biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilms of Desulfovibrio sp. EX265 were grown under different fluid shear stresses (tau g) in a chemostat recycle loop. Individual biofilm microcolonies were deformed by varying the fluid wall shear stress (tau w). The deformation was quantified in terms of strain (epsilon), and the relative strength of the biofilms was assessed using an apparent elastic coefficient (Eapp) and residual strain (epsilon r) after three cycles of deformation. Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) was then added to both sets of biofilm and the tests repeated. Biofilms grown under higher shear were more rigid and had a greater yield shear stress than those grown under lower shear. The addition of AlCl3 resulted in a significant increase in Eapp and also increased the yield point. We conclude that the strength of the biofilm is in part dependent on the shear under which the biofilm was grown and that the material properties of the biofilm may be manipulated through cation cross-linking of the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) slime matrix.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biofilm Engineering, 366 EPS Bldg. Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA. paul_s@erc.montana.edu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stoodley
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Dunsmore
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Purevdorj
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lappin-Scott
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Costerton
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000502:physiology; D019149:Bioreactors; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003901:Desulfovibrio / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001704:Biopolymers; D002712:Chlorides; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride