title: Ultrasonographic findings of functioning renal allografts in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe the findings of serial ultrasound investigations of functioning and histologically normal renal allografts in the cynomolgus monkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten cyclosporine (Neoral) treated cynomolgus monkeys underwent renal allograft transplantation with bilateral nephrectomy, seven of which were examined serially with ultrasound. Ultrasound findings were compared to serum creatinine, and the results of histology from allograft biopsy on day 150 post-transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allografts increased in volume up to one and a half to twice that of their original volume and appeared morphologically similar to native kidneys. Allograft ureters were dilated postoperatively but decreased in size with time. Other than in two cases of ureter complications, the resistive index (RI) was normal in functioning grafts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevations in RI, as well as graft enlargement and increased cortical thickness, were related to graft pathology, but not necessarily to rejection histologically. The ultrasound findings of functioning grafts and of surgical complications after renal allograft transplantation in the cynomolgus monkey were similar to those in humans.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharma AG, Transplantation Research, France. alf.gaschen@dplanet.ch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaschen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Audet
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Menninger
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schuurman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006084:Graft Rejection; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000662:veterinary*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine