title: Rectal prolapse in women with other defects of pelvic floor support.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe a series of patients with rectal prolapse who had other pelvic floor defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with rectal prolapse that we examined between 1990 and 2000 were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During this time frame 55 patients with rectal prolapse were seen by one of us. Fifty-two of these patients had other defects of pelvic floor support and are the subject of this report. The diagnosis was established in all patients with video defecography. Thirty-nine of the patients had internal (occult) prolapse that simulated either a rectocele or an enterocele. The mean number of surgical procedures for pelvic floor support before the diagnosis of rectal prolapse was 1.5. Thirty-one patients underwent a sigmoid resection with rectopexy, 12 underwent a rectopexy alone, 3 underwent a Ripstein procedure, 2 elderly patients had physical therapy alone, and the other 4 patients had surgical correction of the rectal prolapse before being referred for repair of vaginal vault prolapse. Other procedures performed simultaneously included sacral colpopexy, sacrospinous suspension, rectopubic urethropexy, and abdominal fixation of the vagina to the uterosacral ligaments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rectal prolapse frequently coexists with other pelvic floor defects. Internal rectal prolapse may simulate a rectocele or enterocele and requires defecography to establish the diagnosis. Rectopexy (with or without sigmoid resection) is a satisfactory technique for correction and may be combined with other reconstructive procedures on the pelvic floor.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Gynecology Specialists and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle 98104, USA.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Drescher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019841:Defecography; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012005:Rectal Prolapse / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D020047:Rectocele / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000150:complications