title: Oral drug therapy for erectile dysfunction.
abstract: Oral drugs are a well-established, first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction. As a result of the success of sildenafil, a plethora of new drugs for erectile dysfunction are on the horizon. Apomorphine and IC351 are in late phase III development. Vardenafil (Bayer, New Haven, CT), a PDE5 inhibitor, and the combination of yohimbine and L-arginine (NitroMed, Boston, MA) are in early phase III development. Early clinical and preclinical studies are investigating new phosphodiesterase inhibitors, cyclic AMP activators, alpha-adrenergic antagonists, dopamine agonists, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, potassium channel modulators, endothelin antagonists, and new nitric oxide donors. The future is bright for this infant field of sexual pharmacotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Beverly Hills, California, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Padma-Nathan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000284:Administration, Oral; D001058:Apomorphine; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D000075202:Contraindications; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011687:Purines; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; C517381:PDE5A protein, human; D001058:Apomorphine