title: Superselective intra-arterial carboplatin for treatment of intracranial neoplasms: experience in 100 procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The results of animal studies suggest that superselective intra-arterial infusion allows the permeation of a high concentration of chemotherapeutic agents within intracranial neoplasms. In the present report, we review our clinical experience with the 100 intra-arterial infusions of carboplatin in intracranial neoplasms not responsive to other treatment modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carboplatin was infused in 100 separate sessions (24 patients) as a mean dose of 286+/-60 mg/m2 (range 34-377 mg/m2). RMP-7, a bradykinin analog, was used as an adjunct in 28 sessions (6 patients). The infusions were performed through superselective microcatheterization of the following arteries: internal carotid (n = 39), middle cerebral (n = 61), posterior cerebral (n = 21) and anterior cerebral (n = 10). The frequency of neurological and non-neurological complications, and survival were recorded. In a subset of 10 patients, tumor volume was measured by serial magnetic resonance images to assess therapeutic response to therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 44.5 years (range 26-67 years); 13 were men. The tumors were classified as glioblastoma multiforme (n = 12), metastatic tumor (n = 1), high-grade astrocytoma (n = 6), and anaplastic mixed glioma (n = 5). Follow-up was available for 23 patients (mean 22 months, range 2-69 months). Survival beyond 1 year after initiation of intra-arterial carboplatin therapy was documented in 12 of the 23 patients. A total of 13 neurological complications including seizures (n = 7), transient neurological deficits (n = 5), and ischemic stroke (n = 1) were observed in 100 procedures. A lower frequency of complications occurred in men and in patients who received adjunctive RMP-7. Volumetric analysis of serial magnetic resonance images demonstrated tumor mass reduction in 3 out of 10 patients. An increase in tumor mass ranging from 23% to 230% was observed in the other 7 patients over a period ranging from 2.3 to 37.7 months since initiation of carboplatin therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Superselective intra-arterial administration of carboplatin appears feasible and was associated with predominantly transient neurological complications. The addition of RMP-7 to carboplatin therapy appears to be at least as safe as the administration of carboplatin alone and requires further investigation as a means of chemotherapeutic dose intensification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Toshiba Stroke Research Center, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, USA. aiqureshi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Suri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Guterman
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Hopkins
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D002536:Cerebral Arteries; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C089876:RMP 7; D016190:Carboplatin; D001920:Bradykinin