title: Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency(PFFD): More Than An Abnormal Hip.
abstract: As the name implies, proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD) is a failure in development of the proximal femur and acetabulum of varying degrees. This article reviews the classification schemes with illustrated examples. Clinical findings, associated anomalies, imaging, and treatment are discussed. Patients are classified by radiographs, often changing classes as the patientÕs skeleton matures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can aid in earlier and more accurate classification. The classification scheme exists to predict future function and the role of surgical intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cincinnati ChildrenÕs Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Christopher G.
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Anton
authors.forename: Kimberly E.
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Applegate
authors.forename: Thomas E.
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kuivila
authors.forename: David C.
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wilkes