title: Pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with lymphoid stroma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lymphocyte infiltration in esophageal cancer, especially when beneath intraepithelial carcinoma, is frequently seen. However, cases of esophageal cancer with a dense stromal infiltration of lymphocytes are rare and the pathogenesis of such cases has yet to be clearly demonstrated. The objective of this study is to clarify its pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with lymphoid stroma were investigated by immunohistochemical staining for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, human leukocyte antigen-DR, as well as T and B cells in cancer tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In these four cases, neither positive staining of Epstein-Barr virus nor human papillomavirus infection was detected. On the other hand, the expression of human leukocyte antigen-DR antigen was evident in all cases with dense T-cell infiltration in the tumor tissue and moderate B-cell infiltration around the tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of human leukocyte antigen-DR antigen without Epstein-Barr virus or human papillomavirus infection could thus be one possible pathogenesis of patients demonstrating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a lymphoid stroma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sumiyoshi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens