title: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of auditory mismatch in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research has noted functional and structural temporal lobe abnormalities in schizophrenia that relate to symptoms such as auditory hallucinations and thought disorder. The goal of the study was to determine whether the functional abnormalities are present in schizophrenia at early stages of auditory processing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional magnetic resonance imaging activity was examined during the presentation of the mismatch stimuli, which are deviant tones embedded in a series of standard tones. The mismatch stimuli are used to elicit the mismatch negativity, an early auditory event-related potential. Ten patients with schizophrenia and 10 comparison subjects were presented the mismatch stimuli condition and a control condition in which only one tone was presented repeatedly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The superior temporal gyrus showed the most prevalent and consistent activation. The superior temporal gyrus showed less activation in the schizophrenic subjects than in the comparison subjects only during the mismatch stimuli condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This result is consistent with those of mismatch negativity event-related potential studies and suggests that early auditory processing is abnormal in chronic schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wible
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubicki
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kacher
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Shenton
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirayasu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kikinis
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jolesz
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: McCarley
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*