title: Echography of retinoblastoma: histopathologic correlation and serial evaluation after globe-conserving radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the sensitivity of echography in detecting retinoblastoma, compare tumor features observed by echography with histopathology data, and assess the usefulness of echography in serially following retinoblastoma tumors after globe-conserving treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical and echography records of all patients treated for retinoblastoma at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between 1991 and 1997 were reviewed. All eyes underwent pretreatment echographic evaluation, and eyes treated with external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, or chemotherapy underwent serial follow-up echography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine eyes of 48 patients were identified. Echography demonstrated evidence of retinoblastoma in 69 of 69 (100%) eyes and calcification in 63 (91.3%) eyes. Histopathology was superior to echography in detecting optic nerve invasion, extraocular extension, and presence of calcification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echography is a useful adjunct to indirect ophthalmoscopy in establishing the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. While not as specific as histopathology, echographic evaluation before and after treatment of retinoblastoma permits monitoring of treatment response and may aid in detecting recurrent tumor growth or failure to respond to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Fla 33101, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: I U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Feuer
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Rosa
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004358:Drug Therapy; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014463:Ultrasonography