title: [An eye on the vocal cords: family practitioner and hoarseness].
abstract: In four patients with hoarseness, men aged 53 and 67 years, and women aged 8 and 37 years, indirect laryngoscopy revealed, respectively, a squamous cell carcinoma of the vocal cord, recurrent nerve paralysis due to pulmonary carcinoma, irritative noduli due to forced use of the voice, and psychic stress as the cause. In a patient with existing hoarseness over a period of 3 to 6 weeks, the vocal cords will have to be examined with indirect laryngoscopy. Where the general practitioner is not equipped to handle this procedure, he can make a referral to an ear, nose and throat specialist. It would, however, be to the benefit of the patient and the general practitioner if the latter were to master the technique of indirect laryngoscopy. This would enable the patient to be treated without further delay, and it might also make selective referral possible.
authors.affiliation: Twenteborg Ziekenhuis, afd. Keel-, Neus- en Oorheelkunde, Almelo. mazelbor@knmg.nl
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mazel
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Drijber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flikweert
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van Zanten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006685:Hoarseness / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology*