title: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of the symmetric dimeric form of Temporin A based on 3-N,N-di(3-aminopropyl)amino propanoic acid as the branching unit.
abstract: Dimeric derivative of antimicrobial peptide amide Temporin A (TA) was synthesized by using a new branching unit 3-N,N-di(3-aminopropyl)amino propanoic acid (DAPPA), which allows building of the parallelly symmetric alpha-helical structures. Antimicrobial effect of the original peptide amide, its monomeric carboxy (TAc) and novel dimeric (TAd) analogues were tested against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). Both TA and TAd completely inhibited the growth of S. aureus at the concentrations of 5 and 10 microM, respectively, whereas TAc did not show any inhibitory activity. The activities of TAc, TA and TAd correlate directly with the net charges of the molecules, +1, +2 and +4, respectively. Interestingly, TAd displayed antibacterial effect against E. coli at a concentration of 10 microM, where as monomeric TA did not show any activity at concentration as high as 20 microM. The results indicate that the novel structural modification improves the antibacterial properties of Temporin A especially towards Gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: University of Kuopio, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. helena.hujakka@uku.fi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hujakka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ratilainen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Korjamo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lankinen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuusela
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Santa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Laatikainen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Närvänen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D011506:Proteins; C104501:temporin