title: Assessment of in vitro and in vivo recovery of gallamine using microdialysis.
abstract: The application of microdialysis technique for the investigation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs requires careful assessment of probe performance to ensure validity of the data obtained using this technique. The aim of this study was to establish and validate the microdialysis technique for investigation of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the neuromuscular blocker, gallamine. In vitro recovery of gallamine from the microdialysis probe when different perfusion flow rates were employed was evaluated leading to selection of a flow rate of 2 microl/min with 15-min sampling intervals for the subsequent studies. In vitro recovery of gallamine from the microdialysis probe was independent of concentration, stable over an 8-h period and reproducible. Comparable in vitro recoveries were obtained by different established approaches including recovery estimation by gain, loss and the zero-net flux (ZNF) method. Recovery by loss was used to study the in vivo recovery of gallamine from rat muscle tissue. The in vivo recovery was stable over a 5.5-h sampling period. In vitro performance of the probe subsequent to the in vivo study remained stable supporting reusage of the probe. These data highlight the importance of a systematic examination of microdialysis probe validation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Building A15, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sasongko
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ramzan
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006614:Hindlimb; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012212:Rheology
chemical_list: D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide