title: Reasoning about the optimal duration of prophylactic antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: evidence and arguments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review evidence-based literature regarding the necessary duration of antipsychotic relapse prevention in schizophrenia and related psychoses.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computerized search was performed on Medline, Embase Psychiatry and PsycLIT which covered the period 1974-99. We also used cross-references.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although schizophrenia refers mainly to an intrinsic biological vulnerability, only maintenance studies with a follow-up of 2 years at most are available. Relapses appear unpredictable and occur even after long-term successful remission during antipsychotic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since rehabilitation efforts have effects only after long-term endeavours, antipsychotic relapse prevention should be maintained for long periods. It is reasonable to treat patients suffering from schizophrenia and related psychoses for longer periods than indicated by the current guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychotic Disorders, Mental Health Centre Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bosveld-van Haandel
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Slooff
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van den Bosch
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003657:Decision Making; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents