title: Implicit association measurement with the IAT: evidence for effects of executive control processes.
abstract: It is argued that a model of goal-independent spreading activation in a social or semantic knowledge structure is insufficient to explain implicit association effects in the IAT (Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998). An alternative account is proposed, which attributes IAT effects to differential costs for switching between task sets. Two experiments were conduced to test this account. In Experiment 1, specific task-set switching cost was a function of IAT condition: switching between tasks was associated with significantly more cost in the incompatible IAT phase. In a second experiment the magnitude of the IAT effect was reduced when task-set reconfiguration was possible in advance of or simultaneously with the upcoming stimulus. The results are discussed with respect to recently suggested accounts of the effect.
authors.affiliation: Rheinische Friedrich-Willhelms-Universitat    Bonn. Jan.Mierke@uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mierke
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Klauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001244:Association; D001290:Attitude; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014936:Word Association Tests / Q000592:standards*