title: Distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, somatostatin- and neurofilament-immunoreactivities in sympathetic ganglia of human fetuses and premature neonates.
abstract: The distribution patterns of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), somatostatin (SOM) and neurofilament (NF) immunoreactivities (IR) were studied in the stellate ganglia of human fetuses and neonates at 24-26 weeks gestation. Sizeable populations with some quantitative variations of VIP-, CGRP- and SOM immunoreactive nerve cells were detected in all ganglia studied. In marked contrast, neurofilament expression was down-regulated. The upregulation of VIP, CGRP and SOM expression suggested their inductor effect on growth and differentiation neurons as well as on the development of their neurotransmitter properties. The main neuropeptides-inducing factor of sympathetic ganglia in human prenatal ontogenesis may be considered as a relative hypoxia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, Minsk State Medical University, Belarus. roudenok@msmi.minsk.by
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roudenok
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kühnel
mesh_terms: D001344:Autopsy; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000032:analysis*; D005333:Fetus; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000032:analysis*; D013233:Stellate Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D013004:Somatostatin; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide