title: An investigation into the pathogenesis of vulvo-vaginal candidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To monitor yeasts isolated from women during and between episodes of recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidosis (VVC) to determine whether vaginal relapse or re-infection occurred.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women presenting at the genitourinary medicine clinic with signs and symptoms of VVC were recruited to the study (n = 121). A vaginal washing, high vaginal swab (HVS) and rectal swab were taken and the women treated with a single 500 mg clotrimazole pessary. Women were asked to re-attend after 1, 4, and 12 weeks, or when the VVC recurred, when vaginal washings and HVS were repeated. Candida isolates recovered were strain typed using the Ca3 probe and their similarity assessed. Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole and clotrimazole were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the women recruited, 47 completed the study, either returning for four visits or suffering a recurrence during the study period. Of the 22 women who experienced recurrence, the same strain was responsible for the initial and recurrent episode in 17 women. For the remaining five women, four had strain replacement and one had a change of species. None of the isolates recovered from the women demonstrated resistance to either clotrimazole or fluconazole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support the theory of vaginal relapse and thus may support the use of more prolonged courses of antifungal therapy initially to increase the chances of eradication of the yeast.
authors.affiliation: Mycology Reference Centre, University of Leeds and General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: El-Din
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Ashbee
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D015725:Fluconazole; D003022:Clotrimazole