title: An interaction between hypothalamic glucagon-like peptide-1 and macronutrient composition determines food intake in rats.
abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release in response to food ingestion has been associated with decreased food intake. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the feeding response to GLP-1 injection into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is influenced by the macronutrient composition of the food consumed. In the first experiment, rats were injected with GLP-1 (0.2 microg) or saline (0.5 microL) in the PVN at dark onset (1800 h), and food intake from a maintenance diet (18% protein) was measured at 1, 2 and 14 h. In Experiment 2, after GLP-1 injection, rats were fed a carbohydrate (protein-free) diet for the first 2 h or gavaged with glucose (1.4 g/5 mL). In Experiment 3, after GLP-1 injection, rats were fed a protein (50%) diet for the first 2 h, or were preloaded with egg albumin (1.0 g). In the last experiment, GLP-1 was given after corn oil gavage (2.4 g). GLP-1 injection resulted in a reduced consumption of the maintenance diet from 2 to 14 h. The decreased food intake from 2 to 14 h after GLP-1 administration occurred after carbohydrate intake, either by meal or preloads, but not after protein intake, either as a meal or preload. A transient interaction of GLP-1 with a corn oil gavage was detected but only in early feeding (0-2 h). We conclude that the effect of GLP-1 injected in the PVN on food intake is influenced by the macronutrient composition of the food consumed. Carbohydrate enhances, protein blocks and corn oil has a transient effect on the suppression of food intake caused by GLP-1 in the PVN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon