title: Utility of a composite measure to detect problematic alcohol use in persons with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine factors complicating the study of alcohol-related effects in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and to evaluate a composite measure to categorize such patients according to degree of alcohol-related problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inception cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutively hospitalized adult TBI patients (n = 156; 73% men; 87% Caucasian; mean age, 30yr; mean education, 12yr). Selection criteria required objective evidence of brain trauma; minimum survival of 1 month postinjury; age 15 years or older; and English speaking.
  
  
  METHODS
  An index of problematic drinking based on a measure created by combining blood-alcohol level, quantity-frequency of consumption, and the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Preinjury characteristics were obtained through structured interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants with highly problematic drinking showed poorer premorbid psychosocial functioning, including lower educational attainment, greater likelihood of problems with the law, lower perceived social support, and greater prevalence of other substance abuse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The composite index is useful in identifying problematic drinkers among TBI patients. Results have implications for interpreting and planning research on the role of alcohol in TBI outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-6490, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cherner
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Temkin
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Machamer
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dikmen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D011581:Psychological Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014861:Washington