title: A controlled smoking cessation trial for substance-dependent inpatients.
abstract: Smoking treatment for newly recovering drug and alcohol-dependent smokers in a residential rehabilitation program was examined. The randomly assigned conditions (n = 50 each) were multicomponent smoking treatment (MST), MST plus generalization training of smoking cessation to drug and alcohol cessation (MST+G), or usual care (UC). Fifty participants who declined smoking treatment (treatment refusers) also were studied. Both treatment conditions achieved continuous smoking abstinence rates (MST: 12%, MST+G: 10%, at 12-month follow-up) that were significantly higher than in the UC condition (0%). The MST condition had a continuous drug and alcohol abstinence rate that was significantly higher than that of the MST+G condition (40% vs. 20% at 12-month follow-up) although neither differed significantly from that of the UC condition (33%). These results support the feasibility of smoking treatment for this population and provide information regarding appropriate treatment components.
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System and American Institutes for Research, Domiciliary Service, California 94304, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Burling
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Burling
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Latini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010343:Patient Admission; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology