title: Total cost comparison of 2 biopsy methods for nonpalpable breast lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify, quantify, and compare total facility costs for 2 breast biopsy methods: vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) and needle-wire-localized open surgical biopsy (OSB).
  
  
  METHODS
  A time-and-motion study was done to identify unit resources used in both procedures. Costs were imputed from published literature to value resources. A comparison of the total (fixed and variable) costs of the 2 procedures was done.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 2 high-volume breast biopsy (both VAB and OSB) facilities was identified. A third facility (OSB only) and 8 other sites (VAB only) were used to capture variation. Staff interviews, patient medical records, and billing data were used to check observed data. One hundred and sixty-seven uncomplicated procedures (71 OSBs, 96 VABs) were observed. Available demographic and clinical data were analyzed to assess selection bias, and sensitivity analyses were done on the main assumptions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total facility costs of the VAB procedure were lower than the costs of the OSB procedure. The overall cost advantage for using VAB ranges from $314 to $843 per procedure depending on the facility type. Variable cost comparison indicated little difference between the 2 procedures. The largest fixed cost difference was $763.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Facilities must consider the cost of new technology, especially when the new technology is as effective as the present technology. The seemingly high cost of equipment might negatively influence a decision to adopt VAB, but when total facility costs were analyzed, the new technology was less costly.
authors.affiliation: Breast Health Center, Kaiser Permanente, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Bodai
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wadley
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Zannis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holzman
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000473:pathology*; D003361:Cost Allocation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000145:classification* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D014481:United States