title: Fluorescein dermofluorometry for the assessment of diabetic microvascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fluorescein dermofluorometry can be used to relate the uptake of fluorescein in the skin to blood flow. We have characterized the uptake of the dye by a wash-in time constant that is inversely proportional to the local blood flow. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of dermofluorometry in the assessment of patients with diabetic microvascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescein dermofluorometry was performed in four groups of patients: non-diabetic control patients, diabetic control patients, diabetic patients with chronic foot ulcers, and diabetic patients with acute foot ulcers. The outcomes of the patients with foot ulcers were documented 4-14 months after participation. Following an intravenous injection of sodium fluorescein, the change in the fluorescein signal with time was continuously measured at the plantar surface of the foot. Both the initial slope of the signal and the wash-in time constant were calculated in each subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in the wash-in time constant were found between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and between diabetic subjects with and without foot ulcers. Of the eight patients with foot ulcers, two of them did not display an early wash-out in the dermofluorometer signal and later both required amputations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fluorescein wash-in time constant demonstrated better correlation with the presence of diabetic microvascular disease than did the initial slope of the signal. Differences in the wash-in time constants of non-diabetic and diabetic subjects support the hemodynamic hypothesis for the development of microvascular disease. The indication of early wash-out of the fluorescein signal may also be useful in the prediction of ulcer healing.
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Magin
mesh_terms: D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein; D005470:Fluorometry; D005528:Foot / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*
chemical_list: D019793:Fluorescein