title: Human apolipoprotein A-IV metabolism within triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and plasma.
abstract: In order to investigate the metabolism of apo A-IV within TRL and plasma, we assessed TRL and plasma apo A-IV kinetics in 19 and 4 subjects, respectively, consuming an average US diet for a 6-week period. At the end of this diet study, each subject received a primed-constant infusion of deuterated leucine over a 15 h time period with hourly feeding, and blood samples were drawn at 10 time points. TRL was separated by ultracentrifugation. Apo A-IV was isolated by immunoprecipitation and/or SDS-PAGE. Apo A-IV concentrations were determined by immunoelectrophoresis. Stable isotope tracer/tracee ratios were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and the data were analyzed by multicompartmental modeling. The mean concentrations of plasma and TRL apo A-IV during the isotope infusion period were 21.0+/-3.2 and 0.66+/-0.25 mg/dl, respectively, and these values were 11.5 and 30.5% higher than those of fasting samples. The mean TRL and plasma apo A-IV residence times (RT) were 1.97+/-0.57 and 2.71+/-0.65 days, and transport rates (TR) were 0.17+/-0.19 and 3.90+/-1.24 mg/kg per day, respectively. There were significant correlations between TRL apo A-IV concentrations and TR (r(2)=0.79, P<0.001), and between TRL apo A-IV pool size and TRL cholesterol levels (r(2)=0.29, P=0.02). Our data indicated that; (1) TRL apo A-IV has a RT of 1.97 days which is similar to that earlier reported for HDL apo A-IV; (2) Apo A-IV recirculates between TRL and other slowly turning over pools; (3) the primary determinant of TRL apo A-IV levels is its TR; and (4) there is no correlation between TRL apo A-IV and apo B48 fractional catabolism in TRL.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street 02111, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Dolnikowski
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Welty
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV