title: Antifungal resistance of candidal biofilms formed on denture acrylic in vitro.
abstract: Denture biofilms represent a protective reservoir for oral microbes. The study of the biology of Candida in these biofilms requires a reliable model. A reproducible model of C. albicans denture biofilm was developed and used to determine the susceptibility of two clinically relevant C. albicans isolates against 4 antifungals. C. albicans, growing as a biofilm, exhibited resistance to amphotericin B, nystatin, chlorhexidine, and fluconazole, with 50% reduction in metabolic activity (50% RMA) at concentrations of 8, 16, 128, and > 64 microg/mL, respectively. In contrast, planktonically cultured C. albicans were susceptible (50% RMA for the same antifungals was obtained at 0.25, 1.0, 4.0, and 0.5 microg/mL, respectively). In conclusion, results obtained by means of our biofilm model show that biofilm-associated C. albicans cells, compared with cells grown in planktonic form, are resistant to antifungals used to treat denture stomatitis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Mycology, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University, OH 44106-5028, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Leidich
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Faddoul
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hoyer
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghannoum
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003819:Denture Bases / Q000382:microbiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009761:Nystatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013282:Stomatitis, Denture / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C059087:2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide; D009761:Nystatin; D013395:Sucrose; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D005947:Glucose; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D005690:Galactose