title: Tomodensitometry measurements for in vivo quantification of mechanical properties of scoliotic vertebrae.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vivo study investigated the mechanical properties of scoliotic vertebrae especially in the apical zone.
  
  
  METHODS
  A method based on computed tomography images and finite element meshing had been developed to quantify and visualise the bone density distribution of scoliotic vertebrae.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Most of scoliotic studies performed considered only geometrical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computed tomography examination had been performed on 11 girls presenting idiopathic scoliosis. Using in-house image processing software and the pre-post processor Patran, a finite element mesh of each vertebral body and a mapping of each cancellous bone slice were proposed allowing the bone density distribution to be visualised. The mechanical properties were derived from predictive relationships between Young's modulus and computed tomography number. Geometrical (unit mass) and mechanical centres were calculated and compared in order to quantify the role of mechanical property distribution on the apex zone of the scoliotic spine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the coronal plane, compared to the geometrical centre, the mechanical centre was shifted forward in the concavity (0.54 mm) of the curvature except for two vertebrae. In the sagittal plane, the mechanical centre was shifted forward in the back (0.26 mm) except for three vertebrae. The shift forward by slice was made in a same way for each slice (0.63 mm), except at the end plates (0.58 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result values obtained were small but significant because the curvatures were low and the vertebrae were not wedged. Besides, one can observe that the scoliotic deformation evolution seemed to modify the mechanical property distribution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggested the following question: Could these CT measurements be a predictive tool in scoliosis treatment?
authors.affiliation: Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte, Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Quebec, Canada. dperie@justine.umontreal.ca
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Périé
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sales De Gauzy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baunin
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hobatho
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed