title: A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  MRI is more sensitive than CT for detection of age-related white matter changes (ARWMC). Most rating scales estimate the degree and distribution of ARWMC either on CT or on MRI, and they differ in many aspects. This makes it difficult to compare CT and MRI studies. To be able to study the evolution and possible effect of drug treatment on ARWMC in large patient samples, it is necessary to have a rating scale constructed for both MRI and CT. We have developed and evaluated a new scale and studied ARWMC in a large number of patients examined with both MRI and CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients with ARWMC on either CT or MRI were recruited and a complementary examination (MRI or CT) performed. The patients came from 4 centers in Europe, and the scans were rated by 4 raters on 1 occasion with the new ARWMC rating scale. The interrater reliability was evaluated by using kappa statistics. The degree and distribution of ARWMC in CT and MRI scans were compared in different brain areas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interrater reliability was good for MRI (kappa=0.67) and moderate for CT (kappa=0.48). MRI was superior in detection of small ARWMC, whereas larger lesions were detected equally well with both CT and MRI. In the parieto-occipital and infratentorial areas, MRI detected significantly more ARWMC than did CT. In the frontal area and basal ganglia, no differences between modalities were found. When a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence was used, MRI detected significantly more lesions than CT in frontal and parieto-occipital areas. No differences were found in basal ganglia and infratentorial areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present a new ARWMC scale applicable to both CT and MRI that has almost equal sensitivity, except for certain regions. The interrater reliability was slightly better for MRI, as was the detectability of small lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, NEUROTEC, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. lars-olof.wahlund@neurotec.ki.se
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Wahlund
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fazekas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bronge
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Augustin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjögren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wallin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ader
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leys
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pantoni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasquier
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erkinjuntti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000592:standards*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000592:standards*