title: Atrial fibrillation: prevalence after minimally invasive direct and standard coronary artery bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study identified and compared the prevalence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AFIB) following standard coronary artery bypass grafting (SCABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and minimally invasive direct vision coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) without CPB. A further comparison was made between AFIB prevalence in SCABG and MIDCAB subjects with two or fewer bypasses.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective, comparative survey. Patients with new-onset AFIB who underwent SCABG or MIDCAB alone were identified electronically using a triangulated method (International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9 CM] code; clinical database word search; and pharmacy database drug search).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total sample (n = 814; 94 MIDCAB, 720 SCABG) exhibited a trend toward lower AFIB prevalence in MIDCAB (23.4%) versus SCABG (33.1%) subjects (p = 0.059). AFIB prevalence in the SCABG subset with two or less vessel bypasses (n = 98; n = 18 single vessel, n = 80 double vessels) and MIDCAB subjects (n = 94; n = 90 single vessels, n = 4 double vessels) was almost identical (SCABG subset 24.5% versus MIDCAB 23.4%, p = 0.860). Slightly more than half (56.9%) of new-onset AFIB subjects were identified by ICD-9 CM codes, with the remainder by word search (37.7%) or procainamide query (5.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample, the number of vessels bypassed seemed to have a greater influence on AFIB prevalence than the application of CPB or the surgical approach. Retrospective identification of AFIB cases by ICD-9 CM code grossly underestimated AFIB prevalence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute/Technical Care, School of Nursing, Medical Archival System, Inc, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. mhra@pitt.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hravnak
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Saul
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Zullo
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cuneo
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Whitman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Clochesy
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D010414:Pennsylvania; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors