title: Liver-derived DEC205+B220+CD19- dendritic cells regulate T cell responses.
abstract: Leukocytes resident in the liver may play a role in immune responses. We describe a cell population propagated from mouse liver nonparenchymal cells in IL-3 and anti-CD40 mAb that exhibits a distinct surface immunophenotype and function in directing differentiation of naive allogeneic T cells. After culture, such cells are DEC-205(bright)B220+CD11c-CD19-, and negative for T (CD3, CD4, CD8alpha), NK (NK 1.1) cell markers, and myeloid Ags (CD11b, CD13, CD14). These liver-derived DEC205+B220+ CD19- cells have a morphology and migratory capacity similar to dendritic cells. Interestingly, they possess Ig gene rearrangements, but lack Ig molecule expression on the cell surface. They induce low thymidine uptake of allogeneic T cells in MLR due to extensive apoptosis of activated T cells. T cell proliferation is restored by addition of the common caspase inhibitor peptide, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone (zVAD-fmk). T cells stimulated by liver-derived DEC205+B220+D19- cells release both IL-10 and IFN-gamma, small amounts of TGF-beta, and no IL-2 or IL-4, a cytokine profile resembling T regulatory type 1 cells. Expression of IL-10 and IFN-gamma, but not bioactive IL-12 in liver DEC205+B220+CD19- cells was demonstrated by RNase protection assay. In vivo administration of liver DEC205+B220+CD19- cells significantly prolonged the survival of vascularized cardiac allografts in an alloantigen-specific manner.
authors.affiliation: Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. lul@msx.upmc.edu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bonham
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nalesnik
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Schlissel
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Demestris
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D015326:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain; D015328:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018941:Antigens, CD19; D016207:Cytokines; C093569:DEC-205 receptor; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1