title: Seabed gamma-ray spectrometry: applications at IAEA-MEL.
abstract: The technique of underwater gamma-ray spectrometry has been developed to complement or replace the traditional sampling-sample analysis approach for applications with space-time constraints, e.g. large areas of investigation, emergency response or long-term monitoring. IAEA-MEL has used both high-efficiency NaI(Tl) and high-resolution HPGe spectrometry to investigate contamination with anthropogenic radionuclides in a variety of marine environments. Surveys at the South Pacific nuclear test sites of Mururoa and Fangataufa have been used to guide sampling in areas of high contamination around ground zero points. In the Irish Sea offshore from the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant, a gamma-ray survey of seabed sediment was carried out to obtain estimates of the distribution and subsequently, for the inventory of 137Cs in the investigated area.
authors.affiliation: International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratory, 4 Quai Antoine ler, Monte Carlo 98012, Monaco.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Osvath
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Povinec
mesh_terms: D000398:Air Pollution, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004630:Emergencies; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008984:Monaco; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010139:Pacific Islands; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000032:analysis*; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis*; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D011850:Radioactive Waste