title: A colorimetric protein phosphatase inhibition assay for the determination of cyanobacterial peptide hepatotoxins based on the dephosphorylation of phosvitin by recombinant protein phosphatase 1.
abstract: A colorimetric protein phosphatase inhibition assay based on the dephosphorylation of phosvitin by recombinant protein phosphatase 1 was developed for analysis of waters for cyanobacterial hepatotoxins. The phosphate released in the assay was determined using a malachite green reagent. Good agreement with toxin concentrations determined by HPLC was obtained. The assay was capable of determining these toxins at concentrations around 1 microgram/L with high precision and without sample concentration. This is of considerable benefit as the World Health Organisation specifies a provisional guideline of 1 microgram/L for microcystin-LR. There was evidence, however, that the sample matrix might affect quantification, leading to false positive results. Thus the assay should be viewed as a screening procedure, and confirmatory analyses by an alternative procedure should be carried out for positive results. Further work is required to resolve the question of matrix interferences if phosphatase inhibition assays are used directly for measuring toxin levels in water, especially if this information is used to check compliance with water quality guidelines.
authors.affiliation: CRC for Water Quality and Treatment, Australian Water Quality Centre, Private Mail Bag 3, Salisbury, South Australia, 5108, Australia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heresztyn
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Nicholson
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003124:Colorimetry; D000458:Cyanobacteria; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000633:toxicity*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D010774:Phosvitin / Q000737:chemistry*; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D010758:Phosphorus; D010774:Phosvitin; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; C057862:cyanoginosin LR