title: Avascular necrosis in the femoral head secondary to bone marrow infarction in a patient with graft-versus-host disease after unrelated bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: We previously reported a case of bone marrow infarction attributable to acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after unrelated bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Although the bone marrow infarction-induced arthralgia in this patient improved, severe arthralgia appeared again with exacerbation of chronic GVHD, and the arthralgia was strongly correlated with the clinical course of chronic GVHD, i.e., the course of symptoms such as dermal and hepatic GVHD and ocular dryness. Finally, the patient developed avascular necrosis (AVN) in the right femoral head. Serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels were high at the onset of arthralgia but low during remission, and levels of interferon-gamma were undetectable throughout the period of arthralgia. Based on the clinical course and these data, chronic GVHD was thought to have been the major cause of the AVN. Since IL-10 antagonizes various other cytokines that induce GVHD, the increase in IL-10 might have inhibited the development of GVHD.
authors.affiliation: The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. akiomori@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000098:blood supply*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10