title: (S)-4C3HPG, a mixed group I mGlu receptor antagonist and a group II agonist, administered intrastriatally, counteracts parkinsonian-like muscle rigidity in rats.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine whether S-4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine (S)-4C3HPG, a mixed group I glutamate metabotropic receptor antagonist and a group II agonist, attenuated parkinsonian-like muscle rigidity in rats. Muscle tone was examined using a combined mechano and electromyographic method, which measured simultaneously the muscle resistance (MMG) of the rat's hind foot to passive extension and flexion in the ankle joint and the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the antagonistic muscles of that joint: gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. Muscle rigidity was induced by pretreatment with haloperidol (1 mg/kg i.p.). (S)-4C3HPG injected in doses of 5 and 15 microg/0.5 microl bilaterally, into the rostral region of the striatum, decreased both the haloperidol-induced muscle rigidity (MMG) and the enhanced electromyographic activity (EMG). The present results suggest that blockade of mGluR1 receptors and/or activation of mGluR2 ones, localized in the rostral part of the striatum, may be responsible for the anti-parkinsonian effect of (S)-4C3HPG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smêtna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland. lorenc@if-pan.krakow.pl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorenc-Koci
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wardas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolfarth
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilc
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004576:Electromyography; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006220:Haloperidol; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009127:Muscle Rigidity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013643:Tarsus, Animal / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C108822:metabotropic glutamate receptor 2; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1; C078245:4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine; D006220:Haloperidol; D005998:Glycine