title: Synthesis and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitory activity of novel phenyl ring modified sildenafil analogues.
abstract: New sildenafil analogues containing an ether ring fused into the phenyl moiety, 6a--d and 7a--d, were efficiently synthesized from the readily available starting materials, 1a--d and 2, in five steps. Ab initio calculations indicated that introduction of a cyclic ether to the phenyl group might enhance the co-planarity of the molecule. The torsional angles were calculated to be 2--3 degrees for the 5-membered cyclic ether derivatives, 6a, 6c, 7a, and 7c, and 12--16 degrees for the 6-membered ones, 6b, 6d, 7b, and 7d. On the other hand, sildenafil showed the least co-planarity with the torsional angle of 23 degrees compared with the target compounds, 6a--d and 7a--d. In the enzyme assay, however, the in vitro PDE 5 inhibitory activity was found out to be inversely related to the degree of co-planarity. In other words, the least planar sildenafil showed the highest activity, and the most planar 5-membered cyclic ether derivatives were least active by 100--200-fold compared with sildenafil. Our study clearly demonstrated that the open chain 2'-alkoxy group of the phenyl ring, although less effective for inducing the co-planarity, seemed to act as a much better lipophilic requirement than the cyclic alkoxy moiety.
authors.affiliation: Life Science Research Center, SK Chemicals, 600 Jungja-Dong, Changan-Ku, Suwon-Si, Kyungki-Do 440-745, South Korea. dkkim@skchemicals.com
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000187:drug effects*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines; D011817:Rabbits; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5