title: Effects of postural changes and vestibular lesions on diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity in awake cats.
abstract: Changes in posture can affect the resting length of the diaphragm, requiring alterations in the activity of both the abdominal muscles and the diaphragm to maintain stable ventilation. To determine the role of the vestibular system in regulating respiratory muscle discharges during postural changes, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity and modulation of the firing of these muscles during nose-up and ear-down tilt were compared before and after removal of labyrinthine inputs in awake cats. In vestibular-intact animals, nose-up and ear-down tilts from the prone position altered rectus abdominis firing, whereas the effects of body rotation on diaphragm activity were not statistically significant. After peripheral vestibular lesions, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis discharges increased significantly (by approximately 170%), and augmentation of rectus abdominis activity during nose-up body rotation was diminished. However, spontaneous muscle activity and responses to tilt began to recover after a few days after the lesions, presumably because of plasticity in the central vestibular system. These data suggest that the vestibular system provides tonic inhibitory influences on rectus abdominis and the diaphragm and in addition contributes to eliciting increases in abdominal muscle activity during some changes in body orientation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cotter
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Arendt
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Jasko
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sprando
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Cass
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Yates
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003714:Denervation; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D018667:Tilt-Table Test; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000159:Vestibulocochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology