title: Long-term retention of a novel antioxidant sulphur-substituted fatty acid analogue after local delivery in porcine coronary arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antioxidants have been suggested to reduce restenosis after balloon angioplasty. A novel sulphur-containing fatty acid, tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA), with antioxidant properties, is efficiently incorporated into cellular phospholipids. We have determined the uptake and retention of TTA after local coronary artery delivery in 20 pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiolabelled TTA was delivered to 40 main coronary arteries via a multiporous coronary angioplasty balloon catheter inflated before, after, or without overstretch vessel injury. The animals were killed at intervals of up to 6 weeks post-procedure. The radioactivity of the tissue sections was determined as nmol TTA/g tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of TTA in the coronary arteries were 1.84 +/- 0.45 nmol/g up to 24 h, 1.50 +/- 0.96 nmol/g at 2 weeks, 0.22 +/- 0.11 nmol/g at 4 weeks and a trace was present at 6 weeks (p-value for trend <0.01). The arterial wall uptake at the delivery site was higher than distal to delivery (1.84 +/- 0.37 vs 0.55 +/- 0.13 nmol/g, p = 0.006) and perivascular fat (p < 0.01) but not higher than in the myocardium. Infusion before, after or without vessel injury was not important for tissue concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After local coronary artery delivery, the antioxidant TTA is taken up by the arterial wall in which it is retained for at least 4 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. rpet@haukeland.no
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pettersen
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kuiper
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frøyland
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Berge
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nordrehaug
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D012008:Recurrence; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013440:Sulfides; C062078:1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane