title: Adsorption of imidazolinone herbicides on ferrihydrite-humic acid associations.
abstract: Adsorption of the imidazolinone herbicides imazapyr, imazethapyr and imazaquin was studied on two binary systems (ferrihydrite-humic acid) prepared by treating ferrihydrite (Fh) immediately after its precipitation with a soil humic acid (HA) at different loadings (4% and 8% HA content), and on a blank ferrihydrite sample prepared in the same way, but without HA addition. Imidazolinone adsorption on pure Fh and on the 4% Fh-HA decreased with increasing of the herbicide hydrophobicity (imazaquin<imazethapyr<imazapyr), whereas on the 8% Fh-HA system the order of adsorption was nearly the same, indicating that higher amounts of HA on Fh increase the hydrophobicity of the surface and thus increases its affinity for the herbicides, specially for imazaquin. Adsorption was also enhanced by low pH values and slight changes in pH enhanced the contribution of each component in adsorption. Both the nature of the surface exposed and its ability to interact with herbicides are greatly altered by the mutual interaction of Fh and HA. The results show that albeit artificial polyphasic associations are more representative of the real situation than single model components and are thus better indicators of the behaviour of a given herbicide in the soil.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Chimica Agraria, Italy, Grugliasco.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nègre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gennari
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Celis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornejo
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005293:Ferritins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D009525:Niacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006540:Herbicides; D006812:Humic Substances; D007093:Imidazoles; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D011804:Quinolines; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D009525:Niacin; C093630:imazethapyr; C076656:imazapyr; C092844:ferric oxyhydroxide; C057728:imazaquin; D005293:Ferritins