title: Aminoethyl-isothiourea inhibits the increase in plasma endothelin-1 caused by serogroup A streptococci and prolongs survival in rat peritoneal sepsis.
abstract: To elucidate the possible roles of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of serogroup A streptococcal (GAS) peritoneal sepsis, we investigated the effects of aminoethylisothiourea (AE-ITU), an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, and a ROS scavenger, and the ET-1 receptor antagonist bosentan. In rats, live GAS inocula, 3 x 10(8) and 1 x 10(9) cfu/kg, entailed a 24-h mortality of 10% and 90%, respectively. GAS caused increases in tissue iNOS activity (9 h), in serum nitrite/nitrate (9-24 h), and in intracellular leukocyte ROS levels (3-6 h). These changes were all prevented by the pre-treatment with AE-ITU. A novel finding was that AE-ITU also prevented the GAS-induced marked increase in plasma ET-1 at 6 h. Short-term (7-h) survival was improved by both AE-ITU and by bosentan. The mechanism(s) for the beneficial effects of AE-ITU may possibly be a combined mode of action; iNOS inhibition, ROS scavenging, and inhibition of the increase in plasma ET-1 caused by GAS.
authors.affiliation: Research Forum, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saetre
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Höiby
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aspelin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lermark
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Egeland
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svindland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lyberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077300:Bosentan; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D013449:Sulfonamides; C413842:aminoethyl-isothiourea; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D013890:Thiourea; D000077300:Bosentan