Granzyme B: a marker of risk for influenza in institutionalized older adults.
Risk for influenza increases with age while cellular immune responses decline. This was a prospective study to determine the relationship between cytokine and granzyme B levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with live influenza virus, and subsequent influenza illness. Granzyme B levels were lower in the group who later developed symptomatic laboratory-confirmed influenza (n=10) compared to the group who did not (n=90) (ANOVA, P=0.024). In contrast, none of the cytokine levels were related to the development of influenza. Thus, granzyme B is a potential marker of influenza risk in older adults.
McElhaney
J E
JE
Glennan Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 201, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, USA. mcelhaje@evms.edu
Gravenstein
S
S
Upshaw
C M
CM
Hooton
J W
JW
Krause
P
P
Drinka
P
P
Bleackley
R C
RC
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D007326:Institutionalization; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis*
D015415:Biomarkers; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases