title: Interaction of edrophonium with muscarinic acetylcholine M2 and M3 receptors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been reported that edrophonium can antagonize the negative chronotropic effect of carbachol. This study was undertaken to evaluate in detail the interaction of edrophonium with muscarinic Mz and M3 receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A functional study was conducted to evaluate the effects of edrophonium on the concentration-response curves for the negative chronotropic effect and the bronchoconstricting effect of carbachol in spontaneously beating right atria and tracheas of guinea pigs. An electrophysiologic study was conducted to compare the effects of edrophonium on carbachol-, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)gama S-, and adenosine-induced outward K+ currents in guinea pig atrial cells by whole cell voltage clamp technique. A radioligand binding study was conducted to examine the effects of edrophonium on specific [3HIN-methylscopolamine (NMS) binding to guinea pig atrial (M2) and submandibular gland (M3) membrane preparations, and on atropine-induced dissociation of [3H]NMS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Edrophonium shifted rightward the concentration-response curves for the negative chronotropic and bronchoconstricting effects of carbachol in a competitive manner. The pA2 values for cardiac and tracheal muscarinic receptors were 4.61 and 4.03, respectively. Edrophonium abolished the carbachol-induced outward current without affecting the GTPgamma S- and adenosine-induced currents in the atrial cells. Edrophonium inhibited [3H]NMS binding to M2 and M3 receptors in a concentration-dependent manner. The pseudo-Hill coefficient values and apparent dissociation constants of edrophonium for M2 and M3 receptors were 1.02 and 1.07 and 21 and 34 microM, respectively. Edrophonium also changed dissociation constant values of [3H]NMS without affecting its maximum binding capacities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Edrophonium binds to muscarinic M2 and M3 receptors nonselectively, and acts as a competitive antagonist.
authors.affiliation: Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gamoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okumura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004491:Edrophonium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D019832:N-Methylscopolamine / Q000378:metabolism; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D015221:Potassium Channels; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D004491:Edrophonium; D002217:Carbachol; D019832:N-Methylscopolamine