title: A new method for assessing foliar uptake of fungicides using Congo Red as a tracer.
abstract: In order to develop a new method for measuring foliar uptake of fungicides, Congo Red was selected as a tracer, and optimum procedures were established for washing, extracting and analyzing it and fungicides from leaf surfaces. Congo Red, a water-soluble dye, was not absorbed into cucumber or rice leaf, even in the presence of various surfactants, and was completely washable from leaf surfaces by aqueous acetonitrile solutions. Congo Red and fungicides in washings were quantified to calculate the amount of foliar uptake of the latter, by comparing the ratio to Congo Red. The optimum concentration of Congo Red in a formulation should be established in order to minimize its influence on fungicide uptake. Although Congo Red has proved to be useful with a conventional droplet application method, it will give more realistic and practical results with the spraying method used in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Screening Research Division, Korea Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejon, 305-600, Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D000465:Algorithms; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D003224:Congo Red / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D014131:Trace Elements; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014131:Trace Elements; D014867:Water; D003224:Congo Red; C032159:acetonitrile