title: Limited effectiveness of extended lymph-node dissection for node-negative patients with proximal gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimal surgical treatment with respect to the extent of lymph-node dissection for node-negative patients with gastric cancer remains to be established.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 101 node-negative patients with proximal gastric cancer (62 males and 39 females; age range 33 to 79 years; mean 58.0 years), who had undergone curative total gastrectomy, were retrospectively evaluated to determine whether any correlation existed between survival and the extent of lymph-node dissection (D1, limited; D2, extended lymph-node dissection).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 10-year survival rates of patients with T1 (n = 59), T2 (n = 31) or T3 tumors (n = 11) were 100%, 90.0% and 46.7%, respectively. Significant differences in survival were found between patients with T1 and T2 tumors (p = 0.018), T2 and T3 tumors (p = 0.003), and T1 and T3 tumors (p < 0.0001). Despite the fact that only 9 patients with a T1 tumor underwent a D2 lymph-node dissection, all other patients had an excellent prognosis. On the other hand, the 10-year survival rates of patients with T2 or T3 tumors who underwent a D1 or D2 lymph-node dissection were 83.3% and 76.8%, respectively, representing no significant difference between the two procedures for advanced stage cases (p = 0.590). Multivariate analysis showed that depth of invasion was the only statistically significant prognostic factor (p < 0.0001; relative risk, 19.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conventional radical prophylactic D2 lymph-node dissection does not improve the survival of node-negative patients with proximal gastric cancer when compared to limited D1 dissection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 228, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakuramoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome