title: Acute epidural hematoma related to cesarean section in a neonate with Chiari II malformation.
abstract: We present a rare case of acute epidural hematoma in a newborn infant with congenital hydrocephalus that was related to Chiari II malformation. The hematoma was attributed to the application of excessive suction with a vacuum extractor during cesarean section. The clinical characteristics of neonatal epidural hematoma were analyzed after a review of 18 cases in the literature, and diagnosis and treatment are discussed with reference to the results. We propose that careful follow-up is essential in neonates with cephalohematoma, and that a computed tomography (CT) study should be performed immediately if an infant's head circumference is discovered to be enlarging or if the anterior fontanel bulges.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shimane Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moritake
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
mesh_terms: D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D002508:Cephalometry; D002585:Cesarean Section; D006407:Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D014620:Vacuum Extraction, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects*