title: Circular myotomy of the distal esophageal stump for long gap esophageal atresia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to report the utility of the distal esophageal stump's circular myotomy in case of a long gap esophageal atresia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1972 and 1999 the authors treated 192 patients who had esophageal atresia (EA). Among them, 6 patients with EA long gap underwent both a distal and proximal stump circular myotomy. Five cases were Gross type C, and 1 case was Gross type A. The gap (average 4.5 cm) did not permit a simple and direct end-to-end anastomosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient died 6 days after the operation because of a cardiac malformation. There was no mucosal tear during the myotomies or any anastomotic stricture later. Five patients survived. Three of them needed an antireflux procedure (60% of surviving patients). None of the 5 patients showed any mucosal outpouching, and their esophageal motility and swallowing were not different clinically compared with the patients who underwent an EA repair without a myotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distal circular myotomy is a very useful, however, delicate, procedure that can help solve the problem given by long gap EA. It is mandatory not to tear the mucosa during the myotomy to avoid the shortening of the stump caused by its repair, which would lead to an increase in the size of the gap. J Pediatr Surg 36:855-857.
authors.affiliation: Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Unitá operativa di Chirurgia Pediatrica, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Giacomoni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tresoldi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zamana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacomoni
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000601:surgery*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male