On the need for observational studies to design and interpret randomized trials in ICU patients: a case study in stress ulcer prophylaxis.
Cook
D
D
Department of Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. debcook@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca
Heyland
D
D
Marshall
J
J
D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D012107:Research Design; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists