title: Study of the State of Water and Oil in Frozen Emulsions Using Time Domain NMR.
abstract: Here T(1) and T(2)(*) relaxation time measurements by low-field NMR have been used to quantify the state of oil and water in frozen emulsions. Water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions have been studied. A discrete method (NLREG program) and a continuous method (CONTIN program) have been used to analyze the FID and inversion-recovery relaxation curves. The FID signal (T(2)(*)) analysis allowed us to calculate the global solid-intermediate-liquid ratio, and the state of the solid and liquid phases was determined by the T(1) values. Thus we have been able to show that the major part of water ( approximately 99%) is in a solid state in such emulsions (average droplet diameter of about 1.5 &mgr;m). This result was confirmed by the study of a solid paraffin-Span 80-water emulsion and a heavy water-caseinate-triolein emulsion. These first results have shown the interest of this new method for the study of the state of water and oil in frozen emulsions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Analyse Isotopique et Electrochimique de Métabolismes, CNRS UPRESA Q-6006, Faculté des Sciences, Nantes, F-44322, France
authors.forename: D.
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Botlan
authors.forename: J.
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wennington
authors.forename: J. C.
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cheftel