title: Results from black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon culture ponds stocked with postlarvae PCR-positive or -negative for white-spot syndrome virus (WSSV).
abstract: Commercial, intensive, earthen shrimp ponds (188) in southern Thailand were stocked with postlarvae (PL) of Penaeus monodon that had tested positive or negative for white-spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. All the PL were grossly healthy. At 2 wk intervals after stocking, shrimp from each pond were examined for gross WSSV lesions and tested for WSSV by PCR. Shrimp from all the ponds stocked with WSSV-PCR-positive PL (Group 0, n = 43) eventually showed gross signs of white-spot disease (WSD) at an average of 40 d after stocking. Of the remaining ponds stocked with WSSV-PCR-negative PL (n = 145), some remained WSSV-PCR-negative throughout the study (Group 5, n = 52), while others (93) became WSSV-PCR-positive after stocking, during the first month (Group 1, n = 23), second month (Group 2, n = 40), third month (Group 3, n = 24), or fourth month (Group 4, n = 6). Crop failure was defined as a pond drain or forced harvest before 14 wk or 98 d of cultivation. For Group 0 the proportion of ponds failing was 0.953, while it was only 0.019 for Group 5. Thus, the relative risk of failure for Group 0 was approximately 50 times that of Group 5. The relative risk of failure for Group 0 was also 3 times that for ponds stocked with WSSV-PCR-negative PL. Obviously, not all WSSV outbreaks resulted in crop failure. Of the 93 ponds stocked with PCR-negative PL that later yielded WSSV-PCR-positive shrimp, 53% reached successful harvest. The study showed that PCR screening of PL and rejection of WSSV-positive batches before stocking could greatly improve the chances of a successful harvest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. pimfern@asianet.co.th
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Withyachumnarnkul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D007814:Larva / Q000821:virology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013785:Thailand; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral