title: Cyclic hydroxamic-acid-containing peptide 31, a potent synthetic histone deacetylase inhibitor with antitumor activity.
abstract: Cyclic hydroxamic-acid-containing peptide 1 (CHAP1), designed as a hybrid of trichostatin A and trapoxin, is a lead compound for the development of potent inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC). In this study, we synthesized a series of CHAP derivatives and evaluated their biological activities by monitoring the potency of their inhibition of HDAC activity, their ability to augment the expression of MHC class-I molecules in B16/BL6 cells, and their effect on cell proliferation. A structure-activity relationship study using these three assay systems revealed several requirements of their structure for the strong inhibition of HDAC not only in the cell-free situation, but also in cells. When the structures of CHAP derivatives are represented as cyclo(-Asu(NHOH)-AA(2)-AA(3)-Pro or Pip-)(n), where Asu(NHOH) and Pip are zeta-hydroxamide-alpha-aminosuberic acid and pipecolic acid, respectively, (a) the tetrapeptide structure (n = 1) was better than the octapeptide one (n = 2); (b) AA(2) and AA(3) should be hydrophobic; and (c) the combination of amino acid chirality should be LDLD for the strongest inhibition of HDAC in cells (LDLD > LLLD, LDLL > LLDL). cyclo(-L-Asu(NHOH)-D-Tyr(Me)-L-Ile-D-Pro-) or CHAP31 was selected as one of the strongest CHAPs, and its biological activity was characterized further. CHAP31 was much more stable in the presence of cultured cells (t(1/2) > 3000 h) than trichostatin A (t(1/2) = 14.7 h) or trapoxin A (t(1/2) = 2.10 h). CHAP31 exhibited antitumor activity in C57BL x DBA/2 F(1) (BD2F(1)) mice bearing B16/BL6 tumor cells. Furthermore, CHAP31 inhibited the growth in four of five human tumor lines implanted into nude mice. These results suggest CHAP31 to be promising as a novel therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology Laboratory, Japan Energy Corporation, Saitama 335-8502, Japan. ykomatsu@immd.co.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Tomizaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuruo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furumai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horinouchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011392:Proline / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C423564:cyclic hydroxamic acid-containing peptide 1; D011392:Proline