Proportional hazards model for interval-censored failure times and time-dependent covariates: application to hazard of HIV infection of injecting drug users in prison.
Interval-censored survival data are data in which the failure times are not known precisely, but are known to lie within an interval. Such data can be analysed using a proportional hazards model with piecewise-exponential baseline hazard, a model which can be fitted by an EM algorithm easily programmed in standard statistical software. In this paper we extend the model to allow for time-dependent covariates and left-truncation, and demonstrate its use by assessing the effect of imprisonment on hazard of HIV infection in a cohort of injecting drug users from Edinburgh. No conclusive effect of incarceration on hazard of HIV infection was found, but there was a suggestion that imprisonment might have been a significant relative risk factor for infection in the later period, when risk behaviour among drug users in the community was reduced.
Seaman
S R
SR
INSERM U170, 16 av Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94807 Villejuif, France. seaman@vjf.inserm.fr
Bird
S M
SM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011329:Prisoners; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
D015483:HIV Antibodies