title: Plasma levels of free vascular endothelial growth factor(165) (VEGF(165)) are not elevated during gonadotropin stimulation in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): results of a prospective cohort study with matched controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether differences in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor(165) (VEGF(165)) concentrations exist during gonadotropin stimulation in IVF patients developing severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) compared to matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study with comparison of 15 OHSS cases with 30 matched (age, follicle numbers, pregnancy) controls. Unpaired students t-test was used to evaluate differences between the OHSS and control group and correlations were calculated with Pearson's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of VEGF(165), at four time-points from start of gonadotropin stimulation to embryo transfer (ET), were compared and related to steroid levels and ultrasound data. There were no differences between OHSS and control patients in plasma VEGF(165) levels at any of the four time points, which were compared. The mean levels were between 53--83 pg ml(-1) and 64--83 pg ml(-1) in the OHSS and control group, respectively. Positive correlations existed between total number of follicles, number of large (>15 mm) follicles and VEGF(165) at day of oocyte aspiration and between VEGF(165) and progesterone at ET in the control group, but not in the OHSS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients developing OHSS do not have raised plasma VEGF(165) levels during gonadotropin stimulation. The lack of positive correlation between VEGF(165) levels and follicle numbers/progesterone in the OHSS group, suggests a disruption in OHSS of the normal controlled follicular VEGF expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg University, 413 45 Goteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Enskog
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brännström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D008596:Menotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006062:Gonadotropins; D008222:Lymphokines; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D008596:Menotropins; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone