title: Protection of the rat liver against rewarming ischemic injury by University of Wisconsin solution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has been proven able to prevent liver injury during cold ischemia. During rewarming ischemia, however, the efficacy of this solution in preserving hepatocyte function is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent UW solution protects rat liver during rewarming ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Livers were washed out with cool physiologic saline or with UW solution and subjected to rewarming ischemia for periods of 20 min or 45 min followed by reperfusion using a blood-free perfusion model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with controls, ischemia for 20 min in saline-treated livers led to mild depression of hepatocyte function, while UW solution afforded complete protection of the liver. In UW-treated livers, compared with saline-treated livers exposed to ischemia for 45 min, portal flow was slightly but significantly higher, bile production was increased by 62%, and lactate dehydrogenase leakage into the perfusate was reduced by 61%. In an attempt to explain mechanisms of liver protection by UW solution, we found that UW solution inhibited conversion of hypoxanthine into uric acid, but this effect was not associated with decreased degradation of adenine nucleotides in the liver during ischemia. Following 30 min reperfusion, UW solution increased tissue levels of adenosine triphosphate (not significantly) and adenosine diphosphate (significantly). Further, UW solution markedly reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha release by the liver both after ischemia and after reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results create the hypothesis that UW solution may protect liver tissue during ischemia in liver surgery as well as during the implantation stage of liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Perfused Organs, Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, Limbová 14, 83301 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lutterová
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kukan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vajdová
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuba
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mislanová
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kebis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Danninger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mráz
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D005978:Glutathione / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D009926:Organ Preservation; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D011887:Raffinose / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; D000493:Allopurinol; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose