title: Dual-task performance in depressed geriatric patients.
abstract: Older patients suffering from a major depression are often impaired on tasks that require executive control processes. However, a wide variety of executive abilities exist in humans, and it is not clear that all are impaired in depression or that such impairments persist beyond remission of the depression. One executive process that plays a central role in mental operations such as working memory is the ability to co-ordinate the simultaneous performance of multiple tasks. Dual-task performance has been extensively studied in normal subjects but there is little work with depressed patients. The present study examined the performance of depressed (M age=71.0, S.D.=7.1) and control subjects (M age=69.3, S.D.=7.0) on two tasks (visual tracking and backward digit span), both when each task was carried out by itself and when the two tasks were carried out simultaneously. Dual-task performance was impaired in depressed patients prior to antidepressant treatment and this impairment persisted even after remission of the depression. These results suggest that, like other executive abilities, the ability to schedule and co-ordinate the conflicting processing demands present in a dual-task situation is impaired in depressed geriatric patients and that this impairment may be a trait effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. nebesrd@msx.upmc.edu
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Nebes
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Butters
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Houck
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Zmuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aizenstein
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mulsant
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D009661:Nortriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012074:Remission Induction; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D017374:Paroxetine; D009661:Nortriptyline