title: Clinical trial on the accuracy of a freehand and sensor-independent three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound system measuring diameters, volumes and vascularity of malignant primaries of the neck.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diameters, volumes and vascularity of malignant primaries of the neck are of substantial importance for staging and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of a newly developed freehand and sensor-independent three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound system (3D PDUS) in the assessment of these parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the neck underwent conventional ultrasound in B- and power Doppler-mode (US), 3D PDUS, and computed tomography (CT). Diameters (sagittal, longitudinal, and transverse) and volumes of the tumours were correlated with hand-segmentated CT images, whereas tumour vascularity was compared with US.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3D PDUS and CT correlated highly regarding diameters and volumes (correlation coefficients r = 0.98/P < 0.001 and r = 0.98/P < 0.001, respectively). 3D PDUS and US correlated highly regarding vascularity (r = 0.92/P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 3D PDUS is based on a freehand and sensorless data acquisition, it appears to be as accurate as CT or US for measurements of diameters, volumes and vascularity of neck malignancies. In spite of the excellent results it has to be mentioned that this technique needs a lot of training and its general use has to be employed with caution.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universität Würzburg. marc.keberle@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keberle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jenett
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009060:Mouth Floor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler