title: Radiopeptide transmitted internal irradiation of non-iodophil thyroid cancer and conventionally untreatable medullary thyroid cancer using.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC) and medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) overexpress somatostatin receptor subtypes (sstr). The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the tumour response of thyroid carcinomas to targeted irradiation with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue [90Y]-1,4,7,10-tetra-azacyclododecan-4,7,10-tricarboxy-methyl-1-yl-acetyl-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide ([90Y]-DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide, or 90Y-DOTATOC) which has a high affinity to subtype 2 and a low affinity to subtype 5. It shows no affinity to sstr1, sstr3 and sstr4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients (mean age 58 years; 50% female, 50% male) with thyroid cancer were included (medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), 12 patients; differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), seven patients; papillar carcinoma (PC), four patients; follicular carcinoma (FC), three patients; anaplastic carcinoma (AC), one patient). All patients had been therapy resistant and had progressive disease before 90Y-DOTATOC therapy. The dose applied was between totals of 1700 MBq x m(-2) to 7400 MBq x m(-2) 90Y-DOTATOC, administered in one to four injections at intervals of 6 weeks. In the case of tumour progression under therapy, treatment was terminated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall antitumour effect (objective response and stable disease) was 35%; in MTC 42%, in DTC 29%, and in AC 0%. The objective overall response rate was 0%. A stable disease was achieved in 35% (7/20), and progressive disease was found in 65% (13/20). The median time to progression was 8 months, with a median follow-up of 15 months. The treatment was very well tolerated. There were no grade III/IV haematological or renal toxicities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Targeted radiotherapy using 90Y-DOTATOC is able to stop tumour progression in a small number of patients and therefore may be an alternative treatment option for resistant disease. More significant tumour responses in thyroid and medullary thyroid cancer may be obtained by using radiopeptides with pan-somatostatin characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, PET-Centre Basel, University Hospital, Switzerland. cwaldherr@uhbs.ch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waldherr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pless
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crazzolara
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Maecke
authors.forename: E U
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: Nitzsche
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haldemann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mueller-Brand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013004:Somatostatin; C081788:pentetreotide; D015282:Octreotide; C106246:Edotreotide