title: Mapping of calmodulin and Gbetagamma binding domains within the C-terminal region of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7A.
abstract: Ca(2+)/calmodulin (Ca(2+)/CaM) and the betagamma subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins (Gbetagamma) have recently been shown to interact in a mutually exclusive fashion with the intracellular C terminus of the presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR 7). Here, we further characterized the core CaM and Gbetagamma binding sequences. In contrast to a previous report, we find that the CaM binding motif localized in the N-terminal region of the cytoplasmic tail domain of mGluR 7 is conserved in the related group III mGluRs 4A and 8 and allows these receptors to also bind Ca(2+)/CaM. Mutational analysis of the Ca(2+)/CaM binding motif is consistent with group III receptors containing a conventional CaM binding site formed by an amphipathic alpha-helix. Substitutions adjacent to the core CaM target sequence selectively prevent Gbetagamma binding, suggesting that the CaM-dependent regulation of signal transduction involves determinants that overlap with but are different from those mediating Gbetagamma recruitment. In addition, we present evidence that Gbetagamma uses distinct nonoverlapping interfaces for interaction with the mGluR 7 C-terminal tail and the effector enzyme adenylyl cyclase II, respectively. Although Gbetagamma-mediated signaling is abolished in receptors lacking the core CaM binding sequence, alpha subunit activation, as assayed by agonist-dependent GTPgammaS binding, was not affected. This suggests that Ca(2+)/CaM may alter the mode of group III mGluR signaling from mono- (alpha) to bidirectional (alpha and betagamma) activation of downstream effector cascades.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute for Brain Research, Deutschordenstrasse 46, Frankfurt 60528, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: El Far
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bofill-Cardona
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Airas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freissmuth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nanoff
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Betz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C102719:metabotropic glutamate receptor 7; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium