title: Usefulness of route of transmission, absolute CD8+ T-cell counts, and levels of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha as predictors of survival of HIV-1-infected patients with very low CD4 + T-cell counts.
abstract: Potential cofactors of survival in HIV-1-infected patients with CD4+ T-cell counts of < or = 100 cells/microl were investigated. All 132 patients with CD4+ T-cell counts of < or = 100 cells/microl were selected from 416 patients included in an antiretroviral therapy cohort (1989-1999). Fifty of 54 deaths were due to AIDS. There were significant associations (P<0.05) between survival and CD8+ T-cell counts, clinical AIDS stage, risk group, and antiretroviral drug regimen after baseline, but only the use of protease inhibitors had an independent effect on survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.096; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 0.094-0.097). A substudy restricted to the cohort of 108 patients never exposed to PIs detected independent associations between survival and CD8+ T-cell counts (P=0.0016), experience with antiretroviral therapy before baseline (HR, 2.52; 95%CI, 1.31-4.82), sexual risk group for HIV infection (HR, 3.7; 95%CI, 1.92-7.12), and levels of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (P=0.02). This study confirms that the use of PI-containing antiretroviral regimens strongly predicts survival of HIV-1-infected patients with very low CD4+ T-cell counts. When the study was restricted to patients never exposed to PIs, the parenteral route of disease transmission, high absolute CD8 + T-cell counts, and low serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha were independent predictors of survival in extremely advanced HIV-1 disease.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Seville, Spain. jmacias@cica.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macías
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Relimpio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lissen
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000635:transmission; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha