From Karrawingi the emu to Care factor zero. Mental health issues in contemporary Australian adolescent literature.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the depiction of mental health issues in contemporary Australian adolescent literature. This material might influence teenagers' understanding of mental illness and their willingness to seek help, and may provide insights into societal attitudes towards adolescents and the psychiatric problems encountered in this age group.


METHODS
Systematic examination of a sample of 94 books, the "Notable Texts" in the "Older Child" category of the Children's Book Council of Australia Awards for the years 1996, 1997 and 1998.


METHODS
Number of works referring to psychiatry; characters who experienced trauma, loss, psychiatric symptoms, qualified for a psychiatric diagnosis, exhibited suicidal behaviour or sought help; and the nature of treatments given.


RESULTS
There was reference to psychiatry in over two-thirds of the works. In these books the image of psychiatry was generally negative or mixed. Most adolescent characters suffered major losses. Two-fifths of characters met criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis. The outcome for characters who satisfied criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis was more negative than those without. Of the 10 characters in the sample who committed suicide, eight had a psychiatric disorder.


CONCLUSIONS
Psychiatric themes are a major component of the Australian teenage novel. Young people in contemporary Australian teenage literature are beset with trauma, loss and psychiatric disorders. Even when help is obtained, the outcome is seldom positive. This nihilistic view may increase hopelessness and pose a barrier for teenagers seeking help.
Bokey
K M
KM
Rivendell Unit, Central Sydney Area Health Service, Sydney, NSW.
Walter
G
G
Rey
J M
JM
D000293:Adolescent; D001315:Australia; D006801:Humans; D008093:Literature, Modern; D008603:Mental Health