title: Systematic review of the use of honey as a wound dressing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate topical honey in superficial burns and wounds though a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, reference lists and databases were used to seek randomised controlled trials. Seven randomised trials involved superficial burns, partial thickness burns, moderate to severe burns that included full thickness injury, and infected postoperative wounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies were randomised trials using honey, published papers, with a comparator. Main outcomes were relative benefit and number-needed-to-treat to prevent an outcome relating to wound healing time or infection rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One study in infected postoperative wounds compared honey with antiseptics plus systemic antibiotics. The number needed to treat with honey for good wound healing compared with antiseptic was 2.9 (95% confidence interval 1.7 to 9.7). Five studies in patients with partial thickness or superficial burns involved less than 40% of the body surface. Comparators were polyurethane film, amniotic membrane, potato peel and silver sulphadiazine. The number needed to treat for seven days with honey to produce one patient with a healed burn was 2.6 (2.1 to 3.4) compared with any other treatment and 2.7 (2.0 to 4.1) compared with potato and amniotic membrane. For some or all outcomes honey was superior to all these treatments. Time for healing was significantly shorter for honey than all these treatments. The quality of studies was low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Confidence in a conclusion that honey is a useful treatment for superficial wounds or burns is low. There is biological plausibility.
authors.affiliation: Pain Research Unit and Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Radcliffe Hospital, The Churchill, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK. omoore@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seers
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: McQuay
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001458:Bandages; D002056:Burns / Q000628:therapy; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D006722:Honey; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000628:therapy; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local