title: The carcinoid syndrome: an unusual cause of valvular heart disease.
abstract: A 30-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with complaints of shortness of breath, orthopnea, and a severe reduction in exercise tolerance. The symptoms were the result of severe valvular heart disease that resulted from a bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumor. The carcinoid syndrome is a distinctive clinical syndrome seen in patients with carcinoid tumors. Cardiac valvular lesions are seen in the majority of patients with the carcinoid syndrome and represent the most clinically significant consequence of the carcinoid syndrome. This case report discusses carcinoid tumors, the carcinoid syndrome induced by these tumors, and the therapeutic options in the management of carcinoid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Christiana Care Health System, Christiana Hospital, 4755 Ogletown-Staton Road, Newark, DE 19718, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Godshall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001984:Bronchial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002275:Carcinoid Heart Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008303:Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis