title: Cd4+ T cells programmed to traffic to lymph nodes account for increases in numbers of cd4+ T cells up to 1 year after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
abstract: Cells programmed to traffic through lymph nodes dominate initial increases in total CD4(+) T cell numbers after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is begun for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, it is unknown whether this dominance continues throughout the first year of treatment. To examine this question, 10 subjects who had a positive response to HAART for 1 year were selected from a cohort of 20 who were receiving this treatment. Flow cytometry, which was used to characterize CD4(+) T cell subsets by immunophenotype, demonstrated that cells programmed to traffic through lymph nodes, irrespective of their memory or naive phenotype, continued to best account for increases in CD4(+) T cells, even 1 year after starting HAART. This suggests that, although this pool is preferentially depleted during HIV-1 infection, HAART allows for reaccumulation of these cells for at least 1 year. Furthermore, it suggests that phenotypic differences based on markers of lymphocyte trafficking may be more relevant for understanding HIV-1 pathogenesis than are naive and memory markers alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. rhengel@atlas.niaid.nih.gov
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hengel
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hubbard
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: McDougal
mesh_terms: D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019041:L-Selectin; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1