Antioxidative power of plant oils in humans: the influence of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol.
BACKGROUND
The daily diet is usually comprised of a varying antioxidant and fatty acid content acquired from plant oils. The present study was performed to evaluate the antioxidative effects of a plant oil mixture rich in alpha-tocopherol (olive/sunflower oil) in comparison with a single gamma-tocopherol-rich corn oil used in a normal, balanced human diet.


METHODS
In the context of a double-blind study 28 healthy nonsmoking male volunteers aged between 19 and 31 years were investigated. After 2 weeks of adjustment on a mixed, balanced diet (average 11.6 MJ, average fat intake approximately 105 g/day), a 2-week test period with a diet of 80 g corn oil (CO)/day vs. a mixture of 68 g olive and 12 g sunflower oil/day (MO; total 80 g) as the main fat source, was followed by a crossover after 2 weeks. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study and at 2-week intervals.


RESULTS
The main carriers of tocopherol in blood are low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). A highly significant correlation (r2 = 0.73, p < 0.001) was found between plasma and LDL gamma-tocopherol concentrations in the CO group, and a significant correlation was found between plasma and LDL alpha-tocopherol concentrations only in the MO group. Plasma and LDL total antioxidative capacity values could only be improved insignificantly in both groups to comparable extents, although the MO group had a twofold higher alpha-tocopherol equivalent/diene equivalent ratio (1.13 mg/g) than the CO group (0.55 mg/g).


CONCLUSIONS
In spite of the higher P/S ratio (CO 4.2 vs. MO 1.2) and lower alpha-tocopherol equivalent/diene equivalent ratio, the antioxidant potential of CO in vivo (total antioxidative capacity in plasma and LDL) was as efficient as the MO. This positive finding might be explained by a synergism between alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in the CO diet.
Tomasch
R
R
Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
Wagner
K H
KH
Elmadfa
I
I
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
D000975:Antioxidants; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003314:Corn Oil; D002784:Cholesterol