Cross-protection against mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm) challenge in human immunodeficiency virus type 2-vaccinated cynomolgus monkeys.
In this study we compared the efficacy of live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) vaccine alone versus boosting with live non-pathogenic HIV-2 following priming with ALVAC HIV-2 (recombinant canarypox virus expressing HIV-2 env, gag and pol). Six monkeys were first inoculated intravenously with live HIV-2(SBL-6669) and 7 to 10 months later were challenged intrarectally with 10 MID(50) of cell-free simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain SIVsm. One monkey was completely protected against SIV infection and all five monkeys that became SIV-infected showed a lower virus replication and an initial lower virus load as compared with a parallel group of six control animals. In another experiment five monkeys were immunized either three times with ALVAC HIV-2 alone or twice with ALVAC HIV-2 and once with purified native HIV-2 gp125. The monkeys were then challenged with HIV-2 given intravenously and finally with pathogenic SIVsm given intrarectally. After challenge with SIVsm, three of five monkeys were completely protected against SIVsm infection whereas the remaining two macaques became SIV-infected but with limited virus replication. In conclusion, vaccination with an ALVAC HIV-2 vaccine followed by exposure to live HIV-2 could induce cross-protection against mucosal infection with SIVsm and seemed to be more efficient than immunization with a live HIV-2 vaccine only.
Walther-Jallow
Lilian
L
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
Nilsson
Charlotta
C
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
Söderlund
Johan
J
Immunopathology Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, SE-10401 Stockholm, Sweden2.
Ten Haaft
Peter
P
Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2280 GH Rijswijk, The Netherlands3.
Mäkitalo
Barbro
B
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
Biberfeld
Peter
P
Immunopathology Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, SE-10401 Stockholm, Sweden2.
Böttiger
Per
P
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
Heeney
Jonathan
J
Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2280 GH Rijswijk, The Netherlands3.
Biberfeld
Gunnel
G
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
Thorstensson
Rigmor
R
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institute, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden1.
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000818:Animals; D018150:Avipoxvirus / Q000235:genetics; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015752:Genes, env; D015750:Genes, gag; D015751:Genes, pol; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019562:Viral Load
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic