title: The role of race in the clinical presentation.
abstract: What role, if any, should race play in clinical presentations? While race is widely used as a way of identifying patients, this practice has been challenged as conceptually flawed, potentially misleading, and possibly prejudicial to the patient. There are, however; important reasons for not excluding information about race. This article includes a set of guidelines for the inclusion of racial data in presentations: (1) Race is a social construct and, if used, should be recorded in the social history, not the opening sentence of the presentation. (2) Patients should self-identity their race or races. (3) Race should not be used as a proxy for genetic variation, social class, or other elements of the social history. (4) Clinicians should be mindful of the potential influence of racism in the clinical encounter.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. andersonma@aol.com
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Anderson
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Moscou
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Fulchon
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Neuspiel
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011287:Prejudice; D044469:Racial Groups; D012923:Social Class; D013240:Stereotyping; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014481:United States