title: Loop diuretic infusion increases thiazide-sensitive Na(+)/Cl(-)-cotransporter abundance: role of aldosterone.
abstract: Chronic infusion of loop diuretics into animals induces structural and functional changes in the distal nephron. These changes include increases in the activity of the thiazide-sensitive Na(+)/Cl(-)-cotransporter (NCC). The NCC was recently demonstrated to be an aldosterone-induced protein. These experiments were designed to test the hypotheses that chronic loop diuretic infusion, with replacement of NaCl losses, increases NCC protein abundance and that this effect results, in part, from stimulation by aldosterone. Sprague-Dawley rats received vehicle (group 1), furosemide (22 mg/100 g body wt per d) (group 2), or furosemide plus spironolactone (22 and 20 mg/100 g body wt per d, respectively) (group 3). Urine output was higher for groups 2 and 3 than for group 1 (151 +/- 32, 149 +/- 24, and 12 +/- 4 ml, respectively; P < 0.0001). Immunoblot analysis of NCC protein demonstrated that loop diuretics increased NCC protein abundance by nearly 100% (from 2562 +/- 30 to 5248 +/- 151 arbitrary units, P < 0.01). Spironolactone decreased NCC protein abundance by 66% (to 3532 +/- 113 units), compared with the furosemide-treated group (P < 0.005). Northern blot analysis of NCC mRNA demonstrated no significant effect of furosemide (NCC/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ratios: group 1, 0.6 +/- 0.12; group 2, 0.5 +/- 0.05; P > 0.05, NS) These results indicate that increased NCC activity during chronic loop diuretic infusion is associated with increases in NCC protein abundance. A portion of the furosemide effect can be prevented by blockade of mineralocorticoid receptors.
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.
authors: Joseph G
authors: JG
authors: Abdallah
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.
authors: Robert W
authors: RW
authors: Schrier
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: Edelstein
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.
authors: Susan D
authors: SD
authors: Jennings
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.|Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon.
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Wyse
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.|Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon.
authors: David H
authors: DH
authors: Ellison
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005665:Furosemide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters; D064486:Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027981:Symporters
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004232:Diuretics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011955:Receptors, Drug; C578876:Slc12a3 protein, rat; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters; D064486:Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3; D027981:Symporters; C064415:thiazide receptor; D013148:Spironolactone; D000450:Aldosterone; D005665:Furosemide