title: Over-expression of cyclin A is highly associated with early relapse and reduced survival in patients with primary breast carcinomas.
abstract: Progression through the mammalian cell cycle is facilitated by cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) complexes, which are activated at specific points during the cell cycle. Alteration in cyclin-cdk complexess may lead to altered cell cycle and tumorigenesis. In this study, we analyzed expression of cyclins A, D1, D3 and E in tumor tissue from 170 patients with primary invasive breast carcinomas. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect protein expression of these cyclins. We detected positive immunoreactivity in 55 (32%), 22 (13%), 38 (22%) and 37 (21.8%) of the samples for cyclins A, D1, D3 and E, respectively. A highly statistically significant association was observed between expression of cyclin A and early relapse (p = 0.001 univariate analysis, p = 0.006 multivariate analysis) as well as cancer-specific death (p < 0.0001) during the follow-up time. No association was observed between cyclin D1 or cyclin E, respectively, and relapse of disease or survival, while cyclin D3 over-expression was associated with development of metastases during follow-up (p = 0.005 univariate analysis, p = 0.01 multivariate analysis). However, cyclin D3 did not show any statistically significant association when cancer-specific death was examined in a multivariate analysis (Cox regression for survival function).
authors: Department of Surgery, Akershus University Central Hospital, 1474 Nordbyhagen, Norway. igbukh@online.no
authors: I R
authors: IR
authors: Bukholm
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Bukholm
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Nesland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D019925:Cyclin A / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019925:Cyclin A