title: A mite species that consists entirely of haploid females.
abstract: The dominance of the diploid state in higher organisms, with haploidy generally confined to the gametic phase, has led to the perception that diploidy is favored by selection. This view is highlighted by the fact that no known female organism within the Metazoa exists exclusively (or even for a prolonged period) in a haploid state. We used fluorescence microscopy and variation at nine microsatellite loci to show that the false spider mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis, consists of haploid female parthenogens. We show that this reproductive anomaly is caused by infection by an undescribed endosymbiotic bacterium, which results in feminization of haploid genetic males.
authors: Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Sections Population Biology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam, Netherlands. Andrew.Weeks@sci.monash.edu.au
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Weeks
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Marec
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Breeuwer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D004171:Diploidy; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006238:Haploidy; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008925:Mites / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D013559:Symbiosis; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D013752:Tetracycline