title: New embolization coil containing a nitinol wire core: preliminary in vitro and in vivo experiences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the stability of the standard stainless steel embolization coil by adding a nitinol wire core.
  
  
  METHODS
  With use of one coil with a nitinol wire core and one without one, stability and resistance to elongation were measured in vitro. Thirty-one factory-made stainless-steel macrocoils equipped with preshaped nitinol wire cores were acutely deployed into branches of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in five pigs (part I of the study). Fifteen homemade retrievable coils with thermal shape memory (TSM) nitinol wire cores were acutely deployed in the abdominal aortae or inferior venae cavae of four pigs (part II). Coils with a superelastic (SE) nitinol wire core (n = 9), a TSM nitinel wire core (n = 5), and without a core (n = 5) were compared in carotid embolization (part III).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, the expansile strength of the reinforced coils was significantly greater and elongation was significantly less than the standard coils (P <.01). In part I, coils were easily deployed via diagnostic catheters. In part II, ability to reposition the coils facilitated optimal coil configuration, which resulted in effective self-anchoring and occlusion. In part III, no coils with a SE core migrated, whereas one of five with a TSM core and three of five without reinforcement migrated immediately. The core significantly increased coil stability and postplacement configuration (P <.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Addition of a nitinol wire core increases the intravascular stability of the standard embolization coil by significantly enhancing expansile force and postplacement configuration. The wire core does not adversely affect the handling of the coil. The ability to reposition/retrieve the coil is a desirable feature.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 057, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. akonya@di.mdacc.tmc.edu
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kónya
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Maxin
authors: K C
authors: KC
authors: Wright
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; C013616:nitinol