title: Determination of fluoride intake from urinary fluoride excretion data in children drinking fluoridated school milk.
abstract: Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected from each of thirteen 5- to 6-year-old children both under customary conditions of fluoride intake (i.e. usual diet including milk containing 0.5 mg fluoride and usual oral hygiene procedures with fluoride toothpaste) and during a 4-day study period in which their customary fluoride intake was replaced with standard fluoride doses. The 24-hour fluoride excretion under customary conditions of fluoride intake was 0.30 mg and in response to fluoride doses in the range of 0.5-2.0 mg it was in the range 0.26-0.61 mg. Using data obtained during the study period for all subjects combined, the fluoride intake from all sources under customary conditions was estimated as 0.76 mg, representing a fractional fluoride excretion of 39%. It is concluded that these children are possibly receiving suboptimal amounts of fluoride.
authors: Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, The University of Liverpool School of Dentistry, Liverpool, UK. ketley@liverpool.ac.uk
authors: C E
authors: CE
authors: Ketley
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Lennon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D015930:Diet Records; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D005522:Food Services; D006801:Humans; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D016014:Linear Models; D008892:Milk; D012574:Schools; D013048:Specimen Handling; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides