Effect of a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet on blood pressure and glucose metabolism in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
The effect of a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) on blood pressure, glycemic control, lipids and insulin sensitivity was evaluated in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
A randomized, unpaired diet intervention was performed in 27 women with gestational diabetes mellitus in an outpatient clinic. After randomization the women received either a high-carbohydrate diet (H-CHO) or a high-MUFA diet (H-MUFA) from the 33rd gestational week of pregnancy. Outcome measures were 24 h ambulatory blood pressure, blood lipids, glycemic control and insulin sensitivity estimated by an intravenous glucose tolerance test.


RESULTS
The 24 h diastolic blood pressure increased more in the H-CHO group than in the H-MUFA group (P<0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
After 5 weeks of treatment with a MUFA-enriched diet, no increase in 24 h diastolic blood pressure and no adverse effects on blood lipids were seen. The favorable effect on the blood pressure by the MUFA diet is a possible non-medication treatment. The H-MUFA diet had no advantage to the H-CHO diet in ameliorating the decline of insulin sensitivity in third term of pregnancy in GDM.
Lauszus
F F
FF
Gynecological/Obsterical Department Y, Center for Diabetes and Pregnancy, Skejby Hospital, Skejby, Denmark. AFFL@RINGAMT.DK
Rasmussen
O W
OW
Henriksen
J E
JE
Klebe
J G
JG
Jensen
L
L
Lauszus
K S
KS
Hermansen
K
K
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D007328:Insulin