title: Medullary cone movement in subjects with a normal spinal cord and in patients with a tethered spinal cord.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare movement of the normal medullary cone when the patient has changed from a supine to prone position with that in patients with known or suspected tethered spinal cord syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six individuals divided into three groups were examined with lumbar spine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed with the patient in the prone and supine positions. Group 1 consisted of 15 healthy volunteers and six patients with a herniated disk; group 2, 25 patients clinically suspected of having a tethered cord; and group 3, 10 patients who previously had undergone tethered cord surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All group 1 subjects showed distinct and statistically significant medullary cone movement (range, 21%--41%); no patient in group 3 showed movement (Wilcoxon rank sum test, P <.001). In group 2, the 20 patients in whom a definite diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome was made on the basis of initial supine MR image findings showed no movement, whereas two of five patients with normal supine MR images had abnormal and decreased cone movement at prone imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prone MR imaging has no additional value when the supine MR image has clearly shown the cause of tethering or in patients who have undergone tethered cord surgery, but it can provide additional information in patients clinically suspected of having a tethered cord and in whom supine MR imaging depicted no abnormalities.
authors: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Utrecht, HPnr: E.01.132, Heidelberglaan 100, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. j.m.m.vanamstel@azu.nl
authors: T D
authors: TD
authors: Witkamp
authors: W P
authors: WP
authors: Vandertop
authors: F J
authors: FJ
authors: Beek
authors: N C
authors: NC
authors: Notermans
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Gooskens
authors: P F
authors: PF
authors: van Waes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016684:Prone Position / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology