title: Abnormal cervicovaginal cytology in women with lupus: a retrospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to review Pap smear reports in women with systemic lupus erythematosus and compare them to a large control population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pap smear results of 29 women with a diagnosis of lupus seen consecutively were compared to those of a control population of 747 women attending the gynecology clinic at the same medical center during the same year. Records of lupus patients were reviewed to obtain clinical data. Fisher's exact test and chi(2) analysis were used to determine statistical significance, as appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 29 women with lupus, 1/29 had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) and 6/29 had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL). The control population of 747 women had 9/747 with HGSIL and 63/747 with LGSIL. chi(2) and Fisher's exact tests showed that the lupus population had a statistically significant increase in Pap smear reports of dysplasia compared to the control group (P < 0.021 for HGSIL/LGSIL combined, P < 0.036 for LGSIL alone). Examination of serial Pap smear results revealed that 45% of the lupus patients had cervical dysplasia at some time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with lupus have an increased prevalence of cervical dysplasia. Serial observation revealed dysplastic cytologies in nearly half of the patients, suggesting that this may be a more common problem than previously reported. Serial prospective studies are needed to assess better the risk of premalignant cervical lesions in lupus.
authors: Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201, USA.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Dhar
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kmak
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Bhan
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Pishorodi
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ager
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Sokol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications*; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000150:complications*