title: Lewis-acid catalyzed organic reactions in water. The case of AlCl(3), TiCl(4), and SnCl(4) believed to be unusable in aqueous medium.
abstract: Classical Lewis acids such as AlCl(3), TiCl(4), and SnCl(4), believed to be unusable as catalysts in aqueous medium, efficiently catalyzed regio- and stereoselective azidolysis and iodolysis of alpha,beta-epoxycarboxylic acids in water at pH 4.0 and 1.5, respectively. The concept of water-tolerant metal-salt is reexamined in direct relationship to the aqua ion hydrolysis constant.
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. frifra@unipg.it
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Fringuelli
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Pizzo
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Vaccaro