title: Occurrence of coring in insulin vials and possibility of rubber piece contamination by self-injection.
abstract: Coring is reported to occur because rubber pieces are shaved off from a rubber stopper when a needle is inserted into the rubber stopper of transfusion liquid formulation. We verified whether coring really occurs in insulin vials of self-injecting patients. We collected insulin cartridges from 30 hospitalized patients and used the primary injection (trial injection), the secondary injection and the cartridge remaining preparation as samples. We observed the rubber pieces using a microscope and measured the shape, number of pieces. The occurrence rate of coring was 73% for the primary injection, 47% for the secondary injection and 97% for the cartridge remaining preparation. The rubber pieces in the primary injection and the secondary injection which went through the needle are mostly in aggregate shape and the rubber pieces in the cartridge remaining preparation which did not go through the needle are mostly in needle-like shape. A number of small rubber pieces are found in both the primary injection and the secondary injection, indicating a high possibility that rubber pieces may be injected under subcutaneous tissue. The coring is considered to occur because needles are repeatedly inserted and rotated at the same spot. It is required to improve the structure to mount a needle to the pen-type injector in future. Coring is a very serious problem from the medical and pharmaceutical points of view. Further study should be made on the implication to latex allergy and lipodystrophy.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital, 2-5-20 Nishinouchi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8558, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Asakura
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Seino
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Nozaki
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Abe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004349:Drug Packaging; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020315:Latex Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D012408:Rubber / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012646:Self Administration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013594:Syringes
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D012408:Rubber