title: Neuroendocrine-specific and gastrin-dependent expression of a chromogranin A-luciferase fusion gene in transgenic mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chromogranin A (CgA) is a multifunctional acidic protein specifically expressed in neuroendocrine cells. In the stomach, CgA is found predominantly in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, where it is regulated by gastrin. We investigated the ability of a promoter fragment comprising 4.8 kb of 5'-flanking DNA of the mouse CgA (mCgA) gene to direct cell-specific expression as well as gastrin responsiveness in the gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two independent lines of mCgA 4.8 kb-luc transgenic mice were created. Transgene expression was assessed by determination of luciferase activity and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of luciferase messenger RNA. Cell specificity of transgene expression was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. The influence of hypergastrinemia on transgene expression was determined after repeated omeprazole injections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both transgenic lines, mCgA 4.8 kb-luc expression paralleled the expression pattern of the endogenous CgA gene. ECL cells were identified as the major gastric cell population expressing the transgene. Omeprazole treatment stimulated expression of the transgene and the endogenous CgA gene selectivity in the gastric corpus (3-4-fold).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  mCgA 5'-flanking DNA (4.8 kb) contain the major cis-regulatory element(s) required for cell-specific CgA expression in the neuroendocrine system and gastrin-responsiveness in the gastric corpus. Further analysis of the CgA promoter in transgenic studies may elucidate the general molecular mechanisms underlying cell-specific gene expression in the gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine system.
authors: Medizinische Klink mit Schwerpunkt Hepatologie und Gastroenterologie, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Höcker
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Cramer
authors: D T
authors: DT
authors: O'Connor
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rosewicz
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Wiedenmann
authors: T C
authors: TC
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D005755:Gastrins / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008156:Luciferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005755:Gastrins; C506155:chromogranin A, mouse; D008156:Luciferases; D009853:Omeprazole