Fecal occult blood testing in a noncompliant inner city minority population: increased compliance and adherence to screening procedures without loss of test sensitivity using stool obtained at the time of in-office rectal examination.
OBJECTIVE
Fecal occult blood screening is cost-effective, is easily administered to large groups of patients, and reduces mortality associated with colorectal cancer. Within our predominant African American and Latino inner city clinic populations, compliance with common screening procedures is suboptimal. A procedure with increased compliance is needed to adequately screen this population at high risk for colorectal cancer. The objective of this study was to compare the results of the 3-day at-home hemoccult test for occult blood to those of a hemoccult test performed from stool obtained at rectal examination in the office.


METHODS
A total of 350 consecutive patients referred to the GI clinic of University Hospital or Jersey City Medical Center for colorectal cancer screening had both the 3-day at-home hemoccult test and an in-office hemoccult examination performed, followed by either sigmoidoscopy (for negative results) or by colonoscopy (for positive results).


RESULTS
Patients were noncompliant with dietary restrictions, 3-day card return, follow-up appointments, and endoscopy with conventional screening methods. Decisions based on the in-office examination with direct scheduling of endoscopy significantly improved compliance with follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the two detection methods, suggesting that the in-office examination was the more effective screening test.


CONCLUSIONS
Endoscopy based on an in-office hemoccult examination is an acceptable alternative to using the 3-day at-home stool collection to govern endoscopic choices. In a noncompliant inner city population, use of the in-office examination increased compliance with follow up, potentially allowing more patients exposure to screening.
Parikh
A
A
Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.
Ramamoorthy
R
R
Kim
K H
KH
Holland
B K
BK
Houghton
J
J
D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups; D009515:New Jersey / Q000208:ethnology; D009780:Occult Blood; D009819:Office Visits; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D014504:Urban Health