Indium-cadmium-oxide films having exceptional electrical conductivity and optical transparency: clues for optimizing transparent conductors.
Materials with high electrical conductivity and optical transparency are needed for future flat panel display, solar energy, and other opto-electronic technologies. In(x)Cd(1-x)O films having a simple cubic microstructure have been grown on amorphous glass substrates by a straightforward chemical vapor deposition process. The x = 0.05 film conductivity of 17,000 S/cm, carrier mobility of 70 cm2/Vs, and visible region optical transparency window considerably exceed the corresponding parameters for commercial indium-tin oxide. Ab initio electronic structure calculations reveal small conduction electron effective masses, a dramatic shift of the CdO band gap with doping, and a conduction band hybridization gap caused by extensive Cd 5s + In 5s mixing.
Wang
A
A
Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Babcock
J R
JR
Edleman
N L
NL
Metz
A W
AW
Lane
M A
MA
Asahi
R
R
Dravid
V P
VP
Kannewurf
C R
CR
Freeman
A J
AJ
Marks
T J
TJ