title: Examination of proficiency and control recovery data from analyses for pesticide residues in food: sources of variability.
abstract: We examined a number of large proficiency and control databases supporting the values reported for pesticide residues in agricultural commodities at fractions of a part per million (mg/kg). The average recovery from >100,000 recovery records in 13 databases was 94%. The overall average single-value relative standard deviation (RSD) of the reported recoveries was 17% at a mean concentration (C) of about 10(-7) (0.1 mg/kg). The average apparent HORRAT value (RSD found/RSDR predicted from the Horwitz formula [2*C(-0.1505)]) was 0.8. Analysis of variance indicated that about 60-70% of the variance could not be associated with any particular factor or combination of factors-analyte, commodity, method, laboratory, concentration, database, or their interactions. The most predominant factor, analyte, and its third-order interaction with laboratory and concentration contributed most of the assignable variance. These findings suggested that most of the variability of trace analysis for pesticide residues is "random" in the sense of being inherent and not assignable to specific factor fluctuations.
authors: US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Washington, DC 20204, USA. Whorwitz@aoac.org
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Horwitz
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Jackson
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Chirtel
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002140:California; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000592:standards*; D005638:Fruit; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D014481:United States; D016885:United States Department of Agriculture; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues