title: Molecular cloning of a novel human acid phosphatase gene (ACPT) that is highly expressed in the testis.
abstract: Acid phosphatases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing orthophosphoric acid esters in an acid medium. Prostatic acid phosphatase has served as a tumor marker for metastatic prostate cancer for many years. We have cloned a new human acid phosphatase gene (named testicular acid phosphatase, ACPT), which is expressed mainly in testis and to a lower extent in the prostate, trachea, and other tissues. This gene maps to chromosome 19q13.4, in an area that harbors many cancer-related genes. The testicular acid phosphatase gene is composed of 11 exons, and the protein is predicted to have a luminal domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The N-terminal end of the protein encodes a signal peptide. The protein has approximately 50% homology with both the prostatic and the lysosomal acid phosphatases, and the position of the cysteine residues, the N-glycosylation sites, and the histidine catalytic site are conserved among the three proteins. The testicular acid phosphatase gene is up-regulated by androgens and is down-regulated by estrogens in the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Our preliminary results indicate that this gene exhibits a lower level of expression in testicular cancer tissues than in their normal counterparts.
authors: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
authors: G M
authors: GM
authors: Yousef
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Diamandis
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Jung
authors: E P
authors: EP
authors: Diamandis
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D013737:Testis / Q000201:enzymology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004247:DNA; D000135:Acid Phosphatase