Two glycine containing 2-chloroethylnitrosoureas--a comparative study on some physicochemical properties, in vivo antimelanomic effects and immunomodulatory properties.
Physicochemical properties such as alkylating and carbamoylating activity and in vivo antimelanomic effects against B16 melanoma of the spin labeled (nitroxyl free radical containing) glycine nitrosourea (SLCNUgly) and its nonlabeled analogue (ChCNUgly), synthesized in our laboratory are studied and compared to those of antitumour drug 3-cyclohexyl-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (CCNU). We have demonstrated that introducing of glycine moiety in the nitrosourea structure in practice does not affect either alkylating or carbamoylating activity. On the other hand replacement of cyclohexyl moiety in ChCNUgly structure with nitroxyl free radical leads to a decrease in carbamoylating activity and an increase in alkylating activity. Compound ChCNUgly showed in vivo a higher antimelanomic activity against B16 melanoma in comparison with CCNU and SLCNUgly. It completely inhibited B16 melanoma growth (TGI=100%) at a dose 64.0 mg/kg. Moreover, we established that joint i.p. application in normal mice of SLCNUgly plus a new immunostimulator (C3bgp) formerly isolated in our laboratory led to a 75% restoration in immune function with respect to antibody production measured by Jerne hemolytic plaque assay. In contrast, no immunostimulation was found after joint application of C3bgp plus ChCNUgly or CCNU at the same experimental conditions. Based on these preliminary results, a possibility for developing of new combination immunochemotherapy schemes for treatment of human cancers is discussed.
Zheleva
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A
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thracian University, Medical Faculty, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. stanilova@excite.com
Stanilova
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S
Dobreva
Z
Z
Zhelev
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Z
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008130:Lomustine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013113:Spin Labels
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds; D013113:Spin Labels; D008130:Lomustine; D005998:Glycine