title: Integrity of epithelium and endothelium in organ-cultured human corneas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine components of the junctional complex and the actin cytoskeleton and the incidence of apoptosis in epithelium and endothelium of organ-cultured human corneas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human corneas, either organ-cultured for 1 to >28 days or excised directly from eyes stored in moist chambers, were stained with antibodies to ZO-1, vinculin, and caspase 3 coupled to FITC-conjugated secondary antibody. These markers were combined with rhodamine-phalloidin staining for F-actin and DAPI labeling for DNA. The corneas were examined by confocal microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The depth of the epithelium was reduced during organ culture, but no changes were observed in the distribution of ZO-1 or vinculin, or in the F-actin cytoskeleton. The appearance of apoptotic epithelial cells positive for caspase 3 or with condensed DNA increased with time after 14 days in organ culture, but there was no correlation with donor age. ZO-1 and F-actin staining patterns in endothelium were similarly undisturbed by organ culture, but apoptotic endothelial cells were only rarely seen and then only after >28 days in organ culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Organ culture maintained the integrity of tight junctions and the actin cytoskeleton in epithelial and endothelial cell layers. Apoptosis was evident in epithelium but was observed rarely in the endothelium and then only after extended periods in organ culture.
authors: Division of Ophthalmology, University of Bristol, Bristol Eye Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LX, United Kingdom.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Crewe
authors: W J
authors: WJ
authors: Armitage
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008875:Middle Aged; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D009926:Organ Preservation; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012235:Rhodamines; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000502:physiology*; D016596:Vinculin / Q000378:metabolism; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012235:Rhodamines; C569042:TJP1 protein, human; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D016596:Vinculin; C007293:DAPI; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases