title: The pan-chemokine inhibitor NR58-3.14.3 abolishes tumour necrosis factor-alpha accumulation and leucocyte recruitment induced by lipopolysaccharide in vivo.
abstract: Chemokines participate in the regulation of leucocyte recruitment in a wide variety of inflammatory processes, including host defence and diseases such as asthma, atherosclerosis and autoimmune disorders. We have previously described the properties of Peptide 3, the first broad-specificity chemokine inhibitor in vitro. Here, we report the properties of NR58-3.14.3, a retroinverso analogue of Peptide 3. NR58-3.14.3 inhibited leucocyte migration induced by a range of chemokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (2.5 nM), macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) (5 nM), regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES) (20 nM), stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) (25 nM) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) (30 nM), but did not affect migration induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or complement C5a (> 100 microM). NR58-3.14.3 is therefore approximately 1000-fold more potent than Peptide 3 but retains the broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitory activity of the parent peptide. In vivo, pretreatment with a systemic dose of 10 mg of NR58-3.14.3, but not the inactive derivative NR58-3.14.4, abolished leucocyte recruitment in response to intradermal injection of 500 ng of MCP-1 into rat skin. This suggests that NR58-3.14.3 is a functional chemokine inhibitor in vivo as well as in vitro. We utilized NR58-3.14.3 as a tool to investigate the role of chemokine activity during leucocyte recruitment in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo. NR58-3.14.3, but not NR58-3.14.4, abolished leucocyte recruitment in response to intradermal injection of 50 ng of LPS into rat skin. Furthermore, NR58-3.14.3 completely inhibited LPS-induced accumulation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). This data is consistent with a model in which multiple chemokines act in parallel upstream of TNF-alpha. NR58-3.14.3 is therefore a powerful anti-inflammatory agent in vivo, suppressing proinflammatory cytokine production and leucocyte recruitment in response to endotoxin stimulus in rat skin.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK. jr219@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Reckless
authors: L M
authors: LM
authors: Tatalick
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Grainger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015195:Drug Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C411952:cyclo(cysteinyl-glutaminyl-isoleucyl-tryptophyl-lysyl-glutaminyl-lysyl-prolyl-aspartyl-leucyl-cysteinyl-amide)