title: Glycated haemoglobin assays. Approaches to standardization of results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare different approaches to DCCT standardization of glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) results.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the first part of the study seven laboratories in the Mersey area participated, using a variety of methods of measurement. The approaches used were the Standardization Initiative for Glycated Haemoglobin Scheme (SIGH) using fresh blood samples and the Wales External Quality Assurance Scheme (WEQAS) using both fresh and lyophilized blood samples. Additional studies performed in the Royal Liverpool University Hospital (RLUH) laboratory involved: (i) re-calibration of the HPLC analyser using lyophilized blood samples supplied by the manufacturer and (ii) the use of fresh blood samples from the UK National External Quality Assurance Scheme (UKNEQAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inter-laboratory analytical coefficients of variation following DCCT alignment showed little change. The effect on percentage bias was more marked and was independent of the level of HbA(1c). Comparing DCCT-aligned HbA(1c) results from 3902 diabetic patients attending the RLUH, indicated that there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001) between the corrected results produced by the five schemes. The effect of DCCT alignment on reported HbA(1c) values using the different approaches was variable resulting in an apparent increase in the number of diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control (HbA(1c) values > 7.0%) in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method of HbA1c standardization used determines the degree of correction required and a consensus approach is recommended. Implementation will assist extrapolation from research-based evidence to local practice. Associated changes to patient management must come under the jurisdiction of the physicians responsible for the diabetic service.
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Stott
authors: I F
authors: IF
authors: Casson
authors: G J
authors: GJ
authors: Higgins
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000592:standards*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004739:England; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D007755:Laboratories, Hospital; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011786:Quality Control; D012015:Reference Standards; D014852:Wales
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin