Mycotoxin detoxication of animal feed by different adsorbents.
The contamination of animal feed with mycotoxins represents a worldwide problem for farmers. These toxins originate from molds whose growth on living and stored plants is almost unavoidable particularly under moist conditions. Mycotoxin-containing feed can cause serious diseases in farm animals resulting in suffering and even death and thus can cause substantial economic losses. The most applied method for protecting animals against mycotoxicosis is the utilization of adsorbents mixed with the feed which are supposed to bind the mycotoxins efficiently in the gastro-intestinal tract. Aluminosilicates are the preferred adsorbents, followed by activated charcoal and special polymers. The efficiency of mycotoxin binders, however, differs considerably depending mainly on the chemical structure of both the adsorbent and the toxin. This review describes the most important types of adsorbents and the respective mechanisms of adsorption. Data of the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of detoxication are given.
Huwig
A
A
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Laboratory of Technical Chemistry, Universitätstrasse 6, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Freimund
S
S
Käppeli
O
O
Dutler
H
H
D000327:Adsorption; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000821:Animal Feed; D002606:Charcoal / Q000494:pharmacology; D005506:Food Contamination; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D009183:Mycotoxins; D002606:Charcoal; C049037:aluminosilicate