Production of a novel viral suppressive activity associated with resistance to infection among female sex workers exposed to HIV type 1.
To investigate mechanisms of natural resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we obtained blood samples from eight women who remained HIV-1 negative after > 3 years of high-risk sex work in Chiang Rai, Thailand. CD4+ T lymphocytes from these highly exposed, persistently seronegative (HEPS) women were readily infectable in vitro with HIV-1 subtypes B and E. Autologous CD8+ cell suppression of both HIV-1 subtypes was evident in HEPS infection cultures, but to an extent also observed in cultures from non-HIV-exposed individuals. Furthermore, production of beta-chemokines was not enhanced in HEPS cultures. However, HEPS cultures displayed significantly enhanced production of a soluble activity that suppressed postintegrated HIV-1 replication. This activity was the unique product of CD4+ T cell and monocyte cocultures. Therefore, although HEPS individuals are apparently susceptible to infection, the production of a postintegrated HIV-1 suppressive activity during monocyte-T cell interactions might protect against the establishment of infection by limiting viral dissemination.
Butera
S T
ST
HIV/AIDS and Retrovirology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. sbutera@cdc.gov
Pisell
T L
TL
Limpakarnjanarat
K
K
Young
N L
NL
Hodge
T W
TW
Mastro
T D
TD
Folks
T M
TM
D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018023:HIV Seronegativity / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011477:Sex Work; D013785:Thailand; D014779:Virus Replication
D019742:Chemokines, CC; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned