title: Comparison of in vitro activities of amphotericin, clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole, and nystatin against Fusarium oxysporum.
abstract: The inhibitory activity of amphotericin B, clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole and nystatin was compared against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum. The most efficient antifungal agent against the growth of Fusarium oxysporum was econazole, followed by clotrimazole, miconazole, amphotericin and nystatin. The ED50 and ED90 values were 0.053 and 1.002 ppm for econazole, 0.088 and 1.100 ppm for clotrimazole, 0.173 and 3.210 ppm for miconazole, 0.713 and greater than 48 ppm for amphotericin and 3.860 and 16.702 ppm for nystatin. The ED50 values of nystatin and amphotericin against spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum were determined at 3.1427 ppm and 8.3990 ppm respectively, nystatin was 2.76 times more effective than amphotericin, while no effect was observed after the addition of econazole, clotrimazole and miconazole. The tested azoles were more effective than amphotericin and nystatin on growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum but amphotericin and nystatin acted significantly better on spore germination of Fusarium.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
authors: M N
authors: MN
authors: Tzatzarakis
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Tsatsakis
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Charvalos
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Vakalounakis
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000382:microbiology; D004464:Econazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007700:Kinetics; D008825:Miconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009761:Nystatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009761:Nystatin; D004464:Econazole; D008825:Miconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D003022:Clotrimazole