title: Behavioral characterization of Co 134444 (3alpha-hydroxy-21-(1'-imidazolyl)-3beta-methoxymethyl-5alpha- pregnan-20-one), a novel sedative-hypnotic neuroactive steroid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuroactive steroids have been shown to exhibit a wide range of behavioral activities that are similar but not identical to those of benzodiazepines. These activities include anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to characterize Co 134444 (3alpha-hydroxy-21-(1'-imidazolyl)-3 -methoxymethyl-5alpha-pregnan-20-one), a novel sedative-hypnotic neuroactive steroid, in a variety of behavioral procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anticonvulsant effects were determined by the ability to protect against pentylenetetrazol- and maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice and rats. Anxiolytic-like effects were determined using a punished drinking procedure in rats. Ataxic effects were determined using a horizontal wire procedure in mice and a rotorod procedure in mice and rats. The discriminative stimulus effects were evaluated in rats trained to discriminate pregnanolone from vehicle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Co 134444 exhibited oral anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol and maximal electroshock with ED50s of 9.8 and 20.6 mg/kg, respectively, in mice and 23.6 and 25.3 mg/kg, respectively, in rats. Anxiolytic-like efficacy was observed at a dose as low as 3.0 mg/kg, PO, in rats. Ataxic effects were observed with rapid onset and short duration. TD50s were 17.4 and 21.2 mg/kg orally in mice in the horizontal wire and rotorod procedures, respectively, and 39.0 mg/kg in rats using the rotorod. Co 134444 completely substituted for pregnanolone as a discriminative stimulus with little effect on response rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Co 134444 exhibits a wide variety of behavioral effects; however, its rapid onset and short duration are consistent with its potential use as a sedative-hypnotic drug.
authors: CoCensys, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618, USA. kvanover@acadia-pharm.com
authors: K E
authors: KE
authors: Vanover
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Hogenkamp
authors: N C
authors: NC
authors: Lan
authors: K W
authors: KW
authors: Gee
authors: R B
authors: RB
authors: Carter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000523:psychology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003292:Convulsants; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D004597:Electroshock; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000187:drug effects; D011280:Pregnanolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011678:Punishment; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003292:Convulsants; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; C401850:Co 134444; D011280:Pregnanolone; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole