title: The impact of flow rate (simulated leaching) on plasmid transfer frequency between bacteria in a model rhizosphere system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of flow rate and inoculation order on plasmid transfer frequency between bacteria in a model rhizosphere system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A physical model system was constructed and used to demonstrate that although flow rate did affect plasmid transfer frequency for an introduced strain, the flow rates necessary for a significant effect on an established population were much higher than typical water flow rates found through soil. Plasmid transfer frequency was highly sensitive to strain inoculation order.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flow rate may not have a significant effect on plasmid transfer frequency between established bacterial populations in the rhizosphere.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study contributes to the current debate over the release and spread of genetically modified organisms into the environment. It also demonstrates that model controlled systems may be used to rapidly obtain initial data about the potential behaviour of microorganisms, prior to more costly and lengthy glasshouse and field trials.
authors: Division of Life Sciences, King's College London, UK.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Pearce
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Bazin
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Lynch
mesh_terms: D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D016972:Enterobacter cloacae / Q000235:genetics*; D008954:Models, Biological; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D012212:Rheology; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water