Impact of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on residual ridge resorption after tooth extraction: an experimental study in the rat.
Residual ridge resorption begins following tooth extraction and continuously reduces alveolar bone volume, potentially creating a significant problem in dental implant treatment. In this study, the role of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in residual ridge resorption after tooth extraction was investigated. A polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer-coated gelatin sponge carrier was implanted with or without rhBMP-2 (1 microg) in the mesial root sockets after removal of maxillary first molars in male Wistar rats. Fine structural and histomorphologic analyses were conducted 3 to 84 days after implantation. Direct bone formation was first observed after 5 days on the rhBMP-2 side, which was transformed into cortical alveolar ridge with a smooth periosteal layer by 84 days, whereas the control side displayed slower healing. Bone histomorphometry revealed greater total bone area and increased bone height after 14, 28, 56, and 84 days on the rhBMP-2 side compared to the control side, and differences were significant after 14, 28, and 56 days. Larger numbers of proliferating cells and densely populated differentiating mesenchymal cells were observed on the rhBMP-2 side than on the control side in the early stage, and chondrogenesis was not observed. The findings indicate that rhBMP-2 may stimulate proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the rat maxillary root socket to preserve cortical bone volume in the socket without any evidence of chondrogenesis.
Matin
K
K
Department of Fixed Prosthetic Dentistry, Niigata University School of Dentistry, Japan.
Nakamura
H
H
Irie
K
K
Ozawa
H
H
Ejiri
S
S
D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000601:surgery; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010521:Periosteum / Q000187:drug effects; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000187:drug effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid