Real-time electrochemical imaging using an individually addressable multi-channel electrode.
We developed a real-time electrochemical imaging method that uses a multiple enzyme-modified microelectrode. The method will enable the investigation of the functions of biological materials and cells. To test its effectiveness, we imaged the two-dimensional concentration distribution for hydrogen peroxide and L-glutamate in a standard solution. The multiple electrode consists of an 8 x 8 array of 30 x 30 microm2 carbon micro electrode. Each electrode was connected to a 64-channel potentiostat that could apply a potential to all electrodes at the same time. The multiple electrode was coated with an Os-polyvinylpyridine based polymer (Os-gel) containing horse radish peroxidase (HRP) to detect hydrogen peroxide, which is a very common product of oxidase enzyme. When measuring glutamate, which is a well-known neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nerve system, we modified the electrode with a bilayer of Os-gel-HRP and GluOx. The detection limit of our method was 1 microM and images of the glutamate concentration-distribution changes induced by local injection of glutamate through microcapillary were obtained in real time.
Hayashi
K
K
NTT Lifestyle and Environmental Technology Laboratories, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan. kiki@aecl.ntt.co.jp
Horiuchi
T
T
Kurita
R
R
Torimitsu
K
K
Niwa
O
O
D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D008839:Microelectrodes
D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; C023061:L-glutamate oxidase