Rapeseed glucosinolates and iodine in sows affect the milk iodine concentration and the iodine status of piglets.
I in the chain sow diet --> blood serum of sow --> sow milk --> piglet serum was investigated in two experiments with a total of eighty-one sows and their piglets. In experiments conducted during the last trimester of gravidity and the 28 d of lactation, diets with glucosinolates (1.9 mmol/kg diet via 100 g ground rapeseed/kg diet (Expt 1) and 2.1 and 4.2 mmol/kg diet via 75 and 150 g rapeseed press cake/kg diet (Expt 2)) were compared with control groups without rapeseed products. From 0 to 600 microg I/kg was added to sow diets during lactation. Diets without supplementary I decreased the I concentration particularly in milk and piglet serum. The presence of rapeseed and rapeseed press cake were indicated by a thiocyanate concentration increase, mainly in sow serum. The diets with glucosinolates decreased the milk and piglet serum I concentration. Spot urine and faeces samples from sows eating the rapeseed-press cake diets had increased I concentration. The sows' serum I and thyroxine did not respond to glucosinolates (Expt 1) or these diets caused an increase in concentration (Expt 2). Both these criteria seem unsuitable for the diagnosis of I status of adult animals. Glucosinolates and their degradation compounds may affect the thyroid and the mammary glands resulting in lower I milk transfer and higher renal and intestinal I excretion.
Schöne
F
F
Agricultural Institution of Thuringia (Jena), D-07743 Jena, Naumburger Strasse 98, Germany. b8scfr@rz.uni-jena.de
Leiterer
M
M
Hartung
H
H
Jahreis
G
G
Tischendorf
F
F
D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000473:pathology; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007455:Iodine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D008892:Milk / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000378:metabolism; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism
D005961:Glucosinolates; D013861:Thiocyanates; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D007455:Iodine; C031760:thiocyanate