title: Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the 39 kD receptor-associated protein increases fibrinolytic capacity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mesothelium has an important role in maintaining an adequate fibrinolytic capacity in the peritoneal cavity and thus in preventing the formation of fibrinous peritoneal adhesions by secreting the fibrinolytic enzyme tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). The fibrinolytic activity of human mesothelial cells (HMCs) is counteracted by rapid uptake of t-PA via the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP). The 39 kD receptor-associated protein (RAP) is an inhibitor of binding of t-PA to LRP, but RAP itself is also rapidly degraded via LRP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adenovirus-mediated RAP gene transfer technology was used to evaluate the effect of prolonged overexpression of RAP on t-PA accumulation in conditioned medium of HMCs under basal and inflammatory conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infection of HMCs with a recombinant adenovirus carrying the RAP cDNA resulted within one day in t-PA levels that were maximally twofold to threefold increased as compared with noninfected or adenovirus-beta-galactosidase-infected cells. Whereas upon prolonged incubation, t-PA levels in the conditioned medium of uninfected cells leveled off because of rapid uptake and degradation via LRP, t-PA concentrations in the medium of adenovirus-RAP-infected cells continued to increase, reaching fivefold control levels after 72 hours. The increased t-PA accumulation persisted for seven days and then slowly returned to control values over the next few weeks. In contrast, the production of a specific inhibitor of t-PA, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), was not affected by adenoviral RAP gene transfer. Northern blotting analysis showed that t-PA, PAI-1, and LRP mRNA concentrations were not changed after adenoviral infection, underlining that the elevated t-PA levels are the result of RAP-blocked uptake and degradation of t-PA rather than increased t-PA synthesis. RAP gene transfer also restored diminished fibrinolytic activity of cytokine-treated mesothelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the RAP gene provides an efficient way of transiently increasing the fibrinolytic capacity of mesothelial cells.
authors: Gaubius Laboratory, TNO Prevention and Health, Leiden, The Netherlands, and Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Goedde
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Grimbergen
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Toet
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Sitter
authors: P H
authors: PH
authors: Quax
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kooistra
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D026563:LDL-Receptor Related Protein-Associated Protein; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000378:metabolism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D006023:Glycoproteins; D026563:LDL-Receptor Related Protein-Associated Protein; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator