An unusually compact external promoter for RNA polymerase III transcription of the human H1RNA gene.
H1 RNA, the RNA component of the human nuclear RNase P, is encoded by a unique gene transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). In this work, cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in human H1 gene transcription were characterized by transcription assays of mutant templates and DNA binding assays of recombinant proteins. Four elements, lying within 100 bp of 5'-flanking sequences, were defined to be essential for maximal in vitro and in vivo expression, consisting of the octamer, Staf, proximal sequence element (PSE) and TATA motifs. These are also encountered in the promoter elements of vertebrate snRNA genes, where the first two constitute the distal sequence element (DSE). In all the genes examined so far, the DSE is distant from the PSE and TATA box that compose the basal promoter. However, we observed a fundamental difference in the organization of the H1 RNA and snRNA gene promoters with respect to the relative spacing of the DSE and PSE. Indeed, the H1 promoter is unusually compact, with the octamer motif and Staf binding site adjacent to the PSE and TATA motifs. It thus appears that the human RNase P RNA gene has adopted a unique promoter strategy placing the DSE immediately adjacent to the basal promoter.
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UPR 9002 du CNRS 'Structure des Macromolécules Biologiques et Mécanismes de Reconnaissance', Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 15 rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D019556:COS Cells; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D012320:RNA Polymerase III / Q000378:metabolism*; D016337:RNA, Catalytic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics; D043262:Ribonuclease P; D016385:TATA Box / Q000235:genetics; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016337:RNA, Catalytic; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; C405486:U6 small nuclear RNA; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C114253:ZNF143 protein, human; C491942:Zfp143 protein, mouse; C491943:znf143 protein, Xenopus; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D012320:RNA Polymerase III; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C468368:RPP14 protein, human; D043262:Ribonuclease P