Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) in atherogenesis.
Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a type-II membrane protein belonging to the C-type lectin family molecules, which can act as a cell surface endocytosis receptor for atherogenic oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL). LOX-1 is synthesized as a 40 kDa precursor protein with N-linked high mannose-type carbohydrate, which is further glycosylated and processed into a 50 kDa mature form. LOX-1 expression is not constitutive but can be induced by proinflammatory, oxidative, and mechanical stimuli. In addition to endothelial cells, macrophages and activated vascular smooth muscle cells express LOX-1. In vivo, endothelial cells covering early atherosclerotic lesions and macrophages and smooth muscle cells accumulated in the intima of advanced atherosclerotic plaques express LOX-1. LOX-1 is cleaved at membrane proximal extracellular domain by some protease activities and released from the cell surface. Measurement of soluble LOX-1 in vivo may provide novel diagnostic strategy for the evaluation and prediction of atherosclerosis and vascular diseases.
Kume
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Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan. nkume@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Kita
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D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; D015854:Up-Regulation
D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C495137:OLR1 protein, human; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein