title: Effect of fermented feed on the microbial population of the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs.
abstract: An in vivo experiment was performed with pigs to study the inhibitory effect of fermented feed on the bacterial population of the gastrointestinal tract. Results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between pH and lactobacilli in the stomach contents of pigs in dry feed as well as in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the pH and the numbers of bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach of pigs fed dry feed was found. In the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed, a significant negative correlation was found between the concentration of the undissociated form of lactic acid and the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae. The numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed fermented feed were significantly lower compared with the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed dry feed. The numbers of total lactobacilli were significantly higher in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed and in the ileum contents of one pig group fed fermented feed compared with the contents of pigs fed dry feed. However, the influence of lactobacilli on numbers of Enterobacteriaceae could not be demonstrated. It was concluded that fermented feed influences the bacterial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
authors: Department of the Science of Food of Animal Origin, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. R.L.vanWinsen@vvdo.vet.uu.nl
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: van Winsen
authors: B A
authors: BA
authors: Urlings
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Lipman
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Snijders
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Keuzenkamp
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Verheijden
authors: F
authors: F
authors: van Knapen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004064:Digestive System / Q000382:microbiology*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007773:Lactates / Q000032:analysis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid