title: Determination of age, longevity and age at reproduction of the frog Microhyla ornata by skeletochronology.
abstract: Skeletochronological estimation of age, longevity, age at sexual maturity and breeding of Microhyla ornata was done. Frogs (n=62) were collected locally in August (rainy season) 1997 and brought to the laboratory. Body mass and snout-vent-length (SVL) of each frog was recorded; the 4th toe of both the hind limbs was clipped under anaesthesia, fixed in 10% formalin, demineralized in 5% nitric acid and processed for histology. Limb bones (femur, humerus, tibiofibula and radioulna) of 6 large sized frogs were also processed for skeletochronology in order to study the rate of resorption. Gonads of 25 frogs (belonging to different body size ranges) were processed for histology in order to ascertain the gametogenic status of individual frogs. One to four growth rings consisting of growth zones and lines of arrested growth (LAGs) were noticed in frogs of different body sizes; the number of LAGs remained identical in all the limb bones and phalanges in 5 out of 6 frogs. Back calculation indicated that the resorption rate is very low in this frog. Male frogs possessed sperm bundles in seminiferous tubules in the 1st year, while females showed yolky follicles in the ovary in the 2nd year. Frogs found in amplexus were 3 5 years old. The results suggest that this frog may live for a maximum of 5 years in the natural population.
authors: Department of Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India.
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Kumbar
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Pancharatna
mesh_terms: D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002980:Climate; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D008136:Longevity; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D010053:Ovary / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012098:Reproduction; D012737:Sex Factors; D012741:Sexual Maturation; D013737:Testis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013997:Time Factors