title: Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients using aspirin to prevent ischaemic heart disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspirin use in the secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease may provoke gastrointestinal discomfort.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To register gastrointestinal symptoms and complications in patients with cardiovascular disease using aspirin and to relate these symptoms to infection with H. pylori.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were obtained from 398 consecutive patients in the Coronary-Care Unit, University Hospital Nijmegen and analysed for serum antibody levels to H. pylori infection. Questionnaires were sent 2 weeks after discharge to assess gastrointestinal symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Questionnaires were returned by 314 patients (79%). A total of 183 out of 314 patients (46%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms. Of 238 patients using 80-100 mg aspirin daily, 145 (61%) recorded gastrointestinal symptoms. Besides aspirin, the use of calcium antagonists was correlated with gastrointestinal symptoms. Of the 128 patients using calcium antagonists, 84 (66%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms. The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in H. pylori-positive and -negative patients using aspirin was 48% and 52%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two weeks after discharge almost 50% of the patients with cardiovascular disease experienced gastrointestinal symptoms, especially patients using aspirin or calcium antagonists. Patients seropositive for H. pylori and using aspirin or calcium antagonists did not have more gastrointestinal discomfort compared to non-infected patients.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Nijmegen, the Netherlands. r.laheij@gastro.azn.nl
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Laheij
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Jansen
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Verbeek
authors: F W
authors: FW
authors: Verheugt
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000209:etiology; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005414:Flatulence / Q000209:etiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D001241:Aspirin