PRMT5 (Janus kinase-binding protein 1) catalyzes the formation of symmetric dimethylarginine residues in proteins.
We have identified a new mammalian protein arginine N-methyltransferase, PRMT5, formerly designated Janus kinase-binding protein 1, that can catalyze the formation of omega-N(G)-monomethylarginine and symmetric omega-N(G),N(G')-dimethylarginine in a variety of proteins. A hemagglutinin peptide-tagged PRMT5 complex purified from human HeLa cells catalyzes the S-adenosyl-l-[methyl-(3)H]methionine-dependent in vitro methylation of myelin basic protein. When the radiolabeled myelin basic protein was acid-hydrolyzed to free amino acids, and the products were separated by high-resolution cation exchange chromatography, we were able to detect two tritiated species. One species co-migrated with a omega-N(G)-monomethylarginine standard, and the other co-chromatographed with a symmetric omega-N(G),N(G')-dimethylarginine standard. Upon base treatment, this second species formed methylamine, a breakdown product characteristic of symmetric omega-N(G),N(G')-dimethylarginine. Further analysis of these two species by thin layer chromatography confirmed their identification as omega-N(G)-monomethylarginine and symmetric omega-N(G),N(G')-dimethylarginine. The hemagglutinin-PRMT5 complex was also able to monomethylate and symmetrically dimethylate bovine histone H2A and a glutathione S-transferase-fibrillarin (amino acids 1-148) fusion protein (glutathione S-transferase-GAR). A mutation introduced into the S-adenosyl-l-methionine-binding motif I of a myc-tagged PRMT5 construct in COS-1 cells led to a near complete loss of observed enzymatic activity. PRMT5 is the first example of a catalytic chain for a type II protein arginine N-methyltransferase that can result in the formation of symmetric dimethylarginine residues as observed previously in myelin basic protein, Sm small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and other polypeptides.
Branscombe
T L
TL
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA.
Frankel
A
A
Lee
J H
JH
Cook
J R
JR
Yang
Z
Z
Pestka
S
S
Clarke
S
S
D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001665:Binding Sites; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011484:Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000378:metabolism
D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine; D001120:Arginine; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases; C400529:PRMT5 protein, human; D011484:Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases