title: Vitamin d deficiency in breast-fed toddlers.
abstract: The evaluation of genu varum and intoeing in young toddlers is a frequent problem seen by the primary care physician and the orthopaedic surgeon. This report describes six nonwhite breast-fed toddlers with extreme genu varum. Clinical and radiographic findings were consistent with vitamin D-deficiency rickets. Within 3 to 6 months of the initiation of ergocalciferol treatment, reparative processes were evident on both radiographic and clinical examinations. Laboratory studies also showed underlying correction. With the current emphasis on the benefits of breast-feeding and the limitation of sunlight, this diagnosis must remain on the differential in the evaluation of genu varum.
authors: Division of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-8811, U.S.A. abiser@jhmi.edu
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Biser-Rohrbaugh
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Hadley-Miller
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D044383:Black People; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004872:Ergocalciferols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011859:Radiography; D012279:Rickets / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D004872:Ergocalciferols; D014807:Vitamin D; C097949:1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D