Context-dependent phenotype of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid mutation.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid mutation R10A/K11A abolishes viral replication when present in proviral clone HIV-1(HXB-2), but it was found to have minimal effect on replication of the closely related HIV-1(NL4-3). Functional mapping demonstrated that a nonconservative amino acid change at nucleocapsid residue 24 (threonine in HIV-1(HXB-2), isoleucine in HIV-1(NL4-3)) is the major determinant of the different R10A/K11A phenotypes in these two proviruses. Threonine-isoleucine exchanges appear to modify the R10A/K11A phenotype via effects on virion RNA-packaging efficiency. The improved packaging seen with hydrophobic isoleucine is consistent with solution structures localizing this residue to a hydrophobic pocket that contacts guanosine bases in viral genomic RNA stem-loops critical for packaging.
Cimarelli
A
A
Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Univeirsity, New York, New York, 10032, USA.
Luban
J
J
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D019251:Nucleocapsid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion; D019065:Virus Assembly
D012367:RNA, Viral