title: CD9 and HLA-DR expression by crevicular epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in periodontal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The composition of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is likely to reflect inflammatory modifications that take place in the gingiva during periodontal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, GCF was collected at 3 different sites from 23 periodontal patients. The sites were assessed to be healthy, presenting gingivitis or periodontitis. 10 healthy individuals without any form of periodontal disease formed the control group and were sampled at one site each. The cell content of GCF was collected using Durapore Millipore strips, and 2 types of cells were studied: epithelial cells (EC) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). The expression of CD9 and HLA-DR within or on the surface of these cells was studied in immunofluorescence on cytospin smears.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both CD9 and HLA-DR expression on EC differed significantly from control subjects, and the latter decreased according to the severity of the pathology. None of the PMN found in controls expressed CD9 or HLA-DR. However, in periodontal patients, the expression of HLA-DR within PMNs was detectable and increased according to the severity of lesions. CD9 expression on PMNs also increased with inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that clinically healthy sites of periodontal patients already present signs of immunological activation characterised by a down modulation of HLA-DR expression on EC and an upregulation of these 2 molecules in PMN.
authors: Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Nancy, France;; Laboratoire d'Immunologie de la Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, France.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Bisson-Boutelliez
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Miller
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Demarch
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Bene
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D002452:Cell Count; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008851:Micropore Filters; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C554869:CD9 protein, human; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D060245:Tetraspanin 29