title: Biomechanical changes in the low back following reduction mammaplasty surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE: To give evidence of the mechanical consequences of reduction mammaplasty (RM) on the low back. DESIGN: A repeated-measures analysis was implemented to test the effect of RM on the external loads and angular velocity of the back during both static and dynamic lifting tasks. BACKGROUND: Patient follow-up surveys have documented a decrease in the frequency of low back pain following RM, but there is no quantitative data regarding biomechanical changes following surgery. METHODS: Patients were evaluated before and 4-8 weeks following RM. Flexion moment, compression and shear forces at L3-L4 were quantified for isometric flexion angles between 0 and 40 degrees. External loads and angular velocities of the back were studied during rapid dynamic lifting tasks. RESULTS: Isometric external flexion moments at L3-L4 decreased following RM. RM did not effect the applied flexion moment in the lumbar spine, but a trend suggested that RM resulted in increased lifting velocity. CONCLUSIONS: RM does act to reduce the loads on the lumbar spine during simple isometric tasks. During dynamic tasks, subjects may be able to lift faster without generating larger loads.
authors: Human Motion and Motion Performance Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, University of East London, London, UK.
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Hooper
authors: Edward J
authors: EJ
authors: Ricciardelli
authors: Vijay K
authors: VK
authors: Goel
authors: Assen
authors: A
authors: Aleksiev