title: Calcium homeostasis in a clonal pituitary cell line of mouse corticotropes.
abstract: Calcium homeostasis was studied following a depolarization-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i in single cells of the clonal pituitary cell line of corticotropes, AtT-20 cells. The KCl-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was blocked in (i) extracellular calcium-deficient solutions, (ii) external cobalt (2.0 mM), (iii) cadmium (200 microM), and (iv) nifedipine (2.0 microM). The mean increase in [Ca2+]i in single cells in the presence of an uncoupler of mitochondrial function [carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone, FCCP, 1 microM] was 54 +/- 13 nM (n = 9). The increase in [Ca2+]i produced by FCCP was greater either during or following a KCl-induced [Ca2+]i load. However, FCCP did not significantly alter the clearance of calcium during a KCl-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. Fifty percent of the cells responded to caffeine (10 mM) with an increase in [Ca2+]i (191 +/- 24 nM; n = 21) above resting levels; this effect was blocked by ryanodine (10 microM). Thapsigargin (2 microM) and 2,5 di(-t-butyl)-1,4 hydroquinone (BuBHQ, 10 microM) produced increases in [Ca2+]i (47 +/- 11 nM, n = 6 and 22 +/- 4 nM, n = 8, respectively) that increased cell excitability. These results support a role for mitochondria and sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores in cytosolic [Ca2+]i regulation; however, none of these organelles are primarily responsible for the return of [Ca2+]i to resting levels following this KCl-induced [Ca2+]i load.
authors: University of Vermont, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Burlington 05405, USA. jfiekers@zoo.uvm.edu
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Fiekers
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Gelbspan
authors: T J
authors: TJ
authors: Heppner
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D002999:Clone Cells; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009940:Organoids / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D002110:Caffeine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium