title: Ability of blind people to detect obstacles in unfamiliar environments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe obstacle detection, sometimes called face vision, and blind peoples' lived experiences.
  
  
  METHODS
  This Husserlian phenomenologic inquiry included a convenience sample of eight blind participants who possessed the ability to detect obstacles in unfamiliar environments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Face-to-face conversations were audiotaped in a setting of the participant's choice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three themes were identified: "a sense that something is there," "sensing," and "space." These three entwined themes were recognized in the unity-of-meaning or uniting theme: sensing presence as open or closed space.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study indicate many questions for nurses. Given the synergistic recognition of obstacles that the participants described, secondary analysis of the data is indicated, for example regarding pattern recognition and human environmental field integrality.
authors: Fort Hays State University, Stroup Hall, 600 Park Street, Hays, KS 67601, USA. kkells@fhsu.edu
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kells
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001766:Blindness / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D013028:Space Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires