[Glaucoma and ocular hypertension in primary care].
OBJECTIVE
To find the distribution of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in our population over 40 and the prevalence of glaucoma (G) and ocular hypertension (OH).


METHODS
Descriptive.


METHODS
Primary care.


METHODS
990 people >= 40 years old.Measurements. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), ophthalmic history, risk factors, visual sharpness (optotype), ophthalmoscopy and IOP (applanation tonometry). Patients with back-of-eye disorders and/or IOP >= 21 mmHg were referred to the ophthalmologist for assessment (campimeter).


RESULTS
870 people, average age 54.66 and 45.4% of them men. Mean IOP was 12.96 in the right eye and 13.27 in the left, with significant differences between them, but not between sexes or age-groups. 70 patients were referred (11 for IOP >= 21, 54 for disturbance perceived by ophthalmoscope and 5 for both reasons). The ophthalmologist classified 9 as G, 12 as OH and 15 as suspected G. We calculated 1.81% (95% CI, 0.98-2.63) prevalence of G in the >= 40s, including 9 cases already known. OH prevalence was 1.61% (95% CI, 0.82-2.39). Through logistical regression, we found greater risk of G in people with myopia (OR adjusted for age and sex = 3.01) and Hypertriglyceridaemia (ORa, 6.34). OH risk was significantly greater in patients with BMI >= 30 (ORa, >= 4.20).


CONCLUSIONS
Glaucoma prevalence confirms published findings from other similar populations, while IOP and OH prevalence were much less here. Given that half G cases are undiagnosed, we believe its early detection in primary care should be highlighted, at least in at-risk groups.
Jaén Díaz
J
J
Centro de Salud Santa María de Benquerencia. Hospital Virgen de la Salud. Toledo. Médico de Familia. Centro de Salud Santa María de Benquerencia. Toledo.
Sanz Alcolea
I
I
López De Castro
F
F
Pérez Martínez
T
T
Ortega Campos
P
P
Corral Morales
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care