title: Impact of immediate cerebral angiography for in-hospital cerebral thromboembolism after cardiovascular surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative stroke remains a serious problem in cardiovascular surgery. We studied the role of cerebral angiography in postcardiotomy stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 5 in-hospital patients with stroke due to cerebral thromboembolism after cardiovascular surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of in-hospital cerebral thromboembolism was 0.5%, involving 5 patients among 913 adults undergoing cardiovascular operations. In-hospital cerebral thromboembolism occurred 3 to 9 days (average: 7 +/- 2 days) after surgery. Causes of cerebral thromboembolism were chronic atrial fibrillation in 1, transient atrial fibrillation in 2, artificial valve in 1, and intracranial arterial stenosis in 1. Immediate cerebral angiography, after exclusion of intracranial hemorrhage and complete cerebral infarction by computed tomography, revealed cerebral embolism in 3 and cerebral thrombosis in 2 with occlusion or stenosis of intracranial arteries. Local intraarterial administration of a thrombolytic agent was done in the 3 patients with cerebral embolism and occluded arteries were recanalized. Fibrinolysis was not done in 2 because of recanalized arteries or sufficient peripheral blood supply through collateral feeders. No patients exhibited rebleeding into the pericardial space or wound bleeding. All patients survived with moderate or full functional recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immediate cerebral angiography with/without local thrombolysis may improve functional outcome and survival in patients with postcardiotomy cerebral thromboembolism.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, 1-3-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558, Japan.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Fukuda
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Gomi
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Meguro
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Wada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D002542:Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*