[Incidence of thyroid diseases in pregnant women with type I diabetes mellitus].
The interaction between pregnancy, Diabetes Mellitus and thyroid disturbance needs a particular attention. The antithyroid antibodies are more frequent in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than in normal pregnant women. Beside, an increased prevalence of subclinic ipotyroidism has been described in pregnant diabetic women. The object of this study is to verify if women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have more probability than normal women to develop a thyroid pathology in pregnancy, in an area with sufficient iodine. Twenty-eight women have been studied: 15 with IDDM, with age 20-37 years, and 13 healthy women, with the same age. Patients were evaluated at the following time-intervals: 9-12 and 18-20 weeks' gestation, at delivery and six months after delivery. Diabetic women followed an insulinic therapy optimized for to reach a good metabolic control. All follow the patients had a thyroid ecography to evaluate thyroid volume and possible presence of nodular formation or others pathologic signs. A blood sample to assay FT3, FT4, TSH, of the antibodies Anti-Thyreoperoxidase (Anti-TPO) and Anti-Thyreoglobulin (Anti-TG). A urine specimen taken to evaluate the iodine excretion. No significant difference was observed between diabetic and normal women, for the values of TSH (p < 0.2), FT4(p < 0.7), FT3(p < 0.6). Instead a significant difference was found between the thyroid volume (p < 0.04), in the diabetic patients versus the normal women, at delivery and six months after delivery. The results of this study underline the importance of the screening of the thyroid function and morphology, in all the pregnant women and, particularly, in the diabetic patients, to find the presence of glandular alterations as early as possible.
Di Gilio
A R
AR
Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Generali e Specialistiche, Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia, Università di Bari.
Greco
P
P
Vimercati
A
A
Capursi
T
T
Ciampolillo
A
A
Triggiani
V
V
Giorgino
R
R
Selvaggi
L
L
D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000150:complications*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*