title: Tonicity balance, and not electrolyte-free water calculations, more accurately guides therapy for acute changes in natremia.
abstract: The usual way to decide why hyponatremia or hypernatremia has developed and to plan goals for its therapy is to analyze events in electrolyte-free water (EFW) terms. We shall demonstrate that an EFW balance does not supply this information. Rather, one must calculate mass balances for water and sodium plus potassium separately (a tonicity balance) to understand the basis for the change in natremia and the proper goals for its therapy. These points are illustrated with a clinical example.
authors: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: A P
authors: AP
authors: Carlotti
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Bohn
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Mallie
authors: M L
authors: ML
authors: Halperin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003397:Craniopharyngioma / Q000601:surgery; D020790:Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D006955:Hypernatremia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium