title: The importance of glucose for the Escherichia coli mediated citrate depletion in synthetic and human urine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Escherichia coli has previously been shown to reduce urine citrate and influence urine pH. In this study the influence of glucose on the E. coli mediated citrate decrease has been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In synthetic urine, a glucose concentration of > or = 1 mmol/l was a prerequisite for bacteria to grow and lower citrate. At glucose concentrations > or = 5 mmol/l an E. coli mediated pH decrease correlated to urine glucose was observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In human urine, variations in urine glucose influenced the citrate decrease and addition of glucose accelerated the E. coli mediated citrate decrease, which in certain urines could be very pronounced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Citrate has a pronounced effect on the activity product of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate and the E. coli mediated decrease in urine citrate may be involved in the formation of urinary tract stones and catheter encrustations.
authors: Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Edin-Liljegren
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Rodin
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Grenabo
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Hedelin
mesh_terms: D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid; D005947:Glucose