title: Comparison of the lightwand technique with direct laryngoscopy for awake endotracheal intubation in emergency cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the efficacy of the lightwand technique compared with that of the conventional laryngoscopic technique for awake endotracheal intubation in patients requiring emergency surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthesia department of a teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 ASA physical status IE patients undergoing emergency surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Awake intubations using the lightwand technique (LW group) and a laryngoscope (LS group) were performed with conscious sedation with midazolam and fentanyl.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Time to intubation and number of intubation attempts in the LW group were significantly shorter and smaller, respectively, than those in the LS group (p < 0.01). Fewer LW group patients complained of a sore throat than in the LS group. DeltaP [changes from "before intubation" to "immediately after intubation" in mean arterial pressure (MAP)] in the LS group was significantly larger than that in the LW group (p < 0.05), although doses of sedatives in the two groups were not different. No hypoxemia or apnea associated with sedation was found in either of the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lightwand technique produces less magnitude of stress following tracheal intubation than does the conventional laryngoscopic technique for awake intubation. Lightwand-assisted awake intubation is thought to be a useful means for induction of anesthesia in cases of emergency surgery.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Nishikawa
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kawana
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Namiki
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000494:pharmacology; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013840:Thiamylal / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D018757:GABA Modulators; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D013840:Thiamylal; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl