title: The influence of an organizational pain management policy on nurses' pain management practices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of a formal organizational pain management policy on nurses' pain management practices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive correlational.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary-care medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  91 nurses providing direct patient care on five study units during a 72-hour study period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Off-going nurses completed three self-administered questionnaires one-half hour before the end of each eight-hour work shift. Opioid administration data also were collected. Data were analyzed using correlational, t test, chi-square, and analysis of variance analyses and descriptive statistics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nurses' knowledge of the healthcare organization's chronic pain management policy; nurses' knowledge of pain and pain management; nurses' perceived accountability for pain management activities; the ratio of actual amounts of opioid analgesics administered compared with maximum amounts ordered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nurses' knowledge of pain management and their perceived accountability for pain management were significantly related to knowledge of the organization's chronic pain management policy. Correlations were lower than expected, based on theoretical relationships proposed in the open system study framework.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further research is needed to explore the influence of a high-quality pain management policy on nursing practice and clinical pain management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better understanding of the influence of organizational policy could lead to much needed improvements in pain management.
authors: Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. lalley@nurse.emory.edu
authors: L G
authors: LG
authors: Alley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009738:Nursing Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D016134:Organizational Policy; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D015144:Southeastern United States
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics