title: Relocating the site of frozen sections--is there room for improvement?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In an attempt to improve the marginal control of oropharyngeal carcinoma, some surgeons routinely perform frozen section analysis. Because current methods of relocating the site from which frozen section specimens are harvested can be haphazard, we studied the accuracy of a common technique used to localize specimens to the resected tumour bed.
  
  
  METHODS
  One surgeon was asked to identify the sites of proposed sampling in 14 consecutive cases. After approximately 5 minutes, the same surgeon was asked to relocate each site.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 71 soft tissue points were identified. The mean error in relocating the sample site was 9 mm for those placed at mucosal margins and 12 mm for those placed deep to the tumor bed. The error exceeded 1 cm in 32% (23 of 71) of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlight the need to accurately locate the position of frozen sections if samples that subsequently prove positive are to used to greatest effect.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Middlesbrough General Hospital, Cleveland, England. c.kerawala@cwcom.net
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Kerawala
authors: T K
authors: TK
authors: Ong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005629:Frozen Sections / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity