title: Identification and characterization of a novel extracellular matrix protein nephronectin that is associated with integrin alpha8beta1 in the embryonic kidney.
abstract: The epithelial-mesenchymal interactions required for kidney organogenesis are disrupted in mice lacking the integrin alpha8beta1. None of this integrin's known ligands, however, appears to account for this phenotype. To identify a more relevant ligand, a soluble integrin alpha8beta1 heterodimer fused to alkaline phosphatase (AP) has been used to probe blots and cDNA libraries. In newborn mouse kidney extracts, alpha8beta1-AP detects a novel ligand of 70-90 kD. This protein, named nephronectin, is an extracellular matrix protein with five EGF-like repeats, a mucin region containing a RGD sequence, and a COOH-terminal MAM domain. Integrin alpha8beta1 and several additional RGD-binding integrins bind nephronectin. Nephronectin mRNA is expressed in the ureteric bud epithelium, whereas alpha8beta1 is expressed in the metanephric mesenchyme. Nephronectin is localized in the extracellular matrix in the same distribution as the ligand detected by alpha8beta1-AP and forms a complex with alpha8beta1 in vivo. Thus, these results strongly suggest that nephronectin is a relevant ligand mediating alpha8beta1 function in the kidney. Nephronectin is expressed at numerous sites outside the kidney, so it may also have wider roles in development. The approaches used here should be generally useful for characterizing the interactions of novel extracellular matrix proteins identified through genomic sequencing projects.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brandenberger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Backus
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Denda
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Reichardt
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D007668:Kidney / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008024:Ligands; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011946:Receptors, Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014513:Ureter / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011946:Receptors, Antigen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C028641:Tn receptor; C432915:nephronectin; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase