title: Translation and validation of the Spanish version of the RELATE questionnaire using a modified serial approach for cross-cultural translation.
abstract: This article describes the initial translation and validation of the Spanish version of the RELATionshhip Evaluation (RELATE) questionnaire with a sample of monolingual English speakers (n = 78), a sample of monolingual Spanish speakers (n = 18), and two samples of Spanish/English Bilinguals (n = 27 and n = 34). Cross-cultural and cross-language equivalence of the Spanish version of RELATE to the original English version were assessed using a Modified Serial Approach (MSA) for instrument translation. Face and content validity of the Spanish RELATE were established. Test-retest reliability indices obtained with the translated version among the monolingual and bilingual Spanish speaking groups were consistently equivalent to, and in some cases higher than, the baseline reliability obtained with the monolingual English speaking group. Applications of the Spanish version of RELATE and use of the MSA for researchers and practitioners are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, 290 McNeal Hall, 1985 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. carr0271@tc.umn.edu
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Segura-Bartholomew
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Busby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating