title: Transcriptional activation of the nuclear receptor corepressor RIP140 by retinoic acid: a potential negative-feedback regulatory mechanism.
abstract: Through the use of microarray analysis it was discovered that the nuclear receptor coregulator, receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140), was induced early during all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of human embryonal carcinoma cells. A rapid, fourfold induction of RIP140 mRNA was detected within 3 h of RA treatment in human embryonal carcinoma and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. RIP140 protein levels were induced within 6 h of RA treatment. The RA induction of RIP140 mRNA did not require de novo protein synthesis, consistent with RIP140 being a direct transcriptional target of retinoid receptors. Promoter/enhancer elements directly upstream of the RIP140 coding region supported RA-induced transcription of a luciferase gene. In addition the ability of overexpressed RIP140 to repress ligand activated retinoid receptors was confirmed. The finding that RIP140 is a direct transcriptional target of RA is one of the first examples of acute transcriptional regulation of a nuclear receptor coactivator or corepressor. These data are consistent with a model by which RA induction of RIP140 supplies a negative feedback signal toward ligand-activated retinoid receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kerley
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Freemantle
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Spinella
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D018236:Carcinoma, Embryonal; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D018243:Teratocarcinoma; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C000627127:NRIP1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014212:Tretinoin