title: Bulged residues promote the progression of a loop-loop interaction to a stable and inhibitory antisense-target RNA complex.
abstract: In several groups of bacterial plasmids, antisense RNAs regulate copy number through inhibition of replication initiator protein synthesis. These RNAs are characterized by a long hairpin structure interrupted by several unpaired residues or bulged loops. In plasmid R1, the inhibitory complex between the antisense RNA (CopA) and its target mRNA (CopT) is characterized by a four-way junction structure and a side-by-side helical alignment. This topology facilitates the formation of a stabilizer intermolecular helix between distal regions of both RNAs, essential for in vivo control. The bulged residues in CopA/CopT were shown to be required for high in vitro binding rate and in vivo activity. This study addresses the question of why removal of bulged nucleotides blocks stable complex formation. Structure mapping, modification interference, and molecular modeling of bulged-less mutant CopA-CopT complexes suggests that, subsequent to loop-loop contact, helix propagation is prevented. Instead, a fully base paired loop-loop interaction is formed, inducing a continuous stacking of three helices. Consequently, the stabilizer helix cannot be formed, and stable complex formation is blocked. In contrast to the four-way junction topology, the loop-loop interaction alone failed to prevent ribosome binding at its loading site and, thus, inhibition of RepA translation was alleviated.
authors.affiliation: UPR 9002 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westhof
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ehresmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehresmann
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romby
mesh_terms: D020029:Base Pairing; D001483:Base Sequence; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D023282:Nuclease Protection Assays; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020871:RNA Stability; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; D011506:Proteins; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; C045264:replication initiator protein; D012260:Ribonucleases; D004265:DNA Helicases; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea