title: VLDL modulates the cytokine secretion profile to a proinflammatory pattern.
abstract: Human very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) inhibits DNA synthesis in lymphocytes activated by the nonspecific mitogen concanavalin A (Con A). We studied the effects of VLDL on lymphocyte activation (IL-2 receptor expression), cell cycle progression, and production of IL-2 and of IL-4 (a proinflammatory and an anti-inflammatory interleukin, respectively) to understand why an atherogenic lipoprotein inhibits cell proliferation. After 48 h of stimulation with the mitogen, VLDL decreased the population of cells bearing IL-2 receptor and the population of T-cells that progress through the cell cycle, increasing the population of T-cells in G(0)/G(1). Cells cultured in the presence of Con A and VLDL produced higher levels of IL-2 and lower levels of IL-4 than cells cultured without VLDL. These results suggest that VLDL inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by reducing IL-2 receptor and enhancing the levels of IL-2. Probably, one atherogenic effect of VLDL is to modulate the cytokine secretion profile of lymphocytes to a predominantly proinflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Biológica, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sampedro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Motrán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gruppi
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kivatinitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007249:Inflammation; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003208:Concanavalin A; D015847:Interleukin-4; D004247:DNA; D013936:Thymidine