title: Arm ability training for stroke and traumatic brain injury patients with mild arm paresis: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of the arm ability training (AAT) on a sample of patients with central arm paresis after traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-blind, randomized, controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient rehabilitation center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive sample of 74 patients of whom 60 (45 with stroke, 15 with TBI) completed the study; 37 patients received a 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Daily AAT with (n = 20) or without (n = 20) knowledge of results, or no AAT (n = 20) during a 3-week intervention period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Summary time scores of the Test Evaluant les Membres superieurs des Personnes Agees (TEMPA)-a test of upper extremity function with daily function-like activities (focal disability)-and kinematic analysis of aimed movements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with AAT realized superior improvement as compared with controls. Mean improvement in the time needed to perform (1) all TEMPA tasks was 41.4 versus 12.8 seconds (p =.0012); (2) unilateral TEMPA tasks, 16.5 versus 4.2 seconds (p =.0036); and (3) the ballistic component of aimed movements, 96 versus 20ms (p =.0115). Knowledge of result did not substantially modify these effects. A functional benefit existed at 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AAT reduces focal disability among stroke and TBI patients with mild central arm paresis.
authors.affiliation: Klinik Berlin, Abteilung für Neurologische Rehabilitation der Freien Universität Berlin am Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Platz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinkowski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eickhof
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mauritz
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010291:Paresis / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome