title: Decreased amounts of cell wall-associated protein A and fibronectin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus sarA mutants due to up-regulation of extracellular proteases.
abstract: Data have been presented indicating that Staphylococcus aureus cell surface protein can be degraded by extracellular proteases produced by the same bacterium. We have found that in sarA mutant cells, which produce high amounts of four major extracellular proteases (staphylococcal serine protease [V8 protease] [SspA], cysteine protease [SspB], aureolysin [metalloprotease] [Aur], and staphopain [Scp]), the levels of cell-bound fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) and protein A were very low compared to those of wild-type cells, in spite of unaltered or increased transcription of the corresponding genes. Cultivation of sarA mutant cells in the presence of the global protease inhibitor alpha(2)-macroglobulin resulted in a 16-fold increase in cell-bound FnBPs, indicating that extracellular proteases were responsible for the decreased amounts of FnBPs in sarA mutant cells. The protease inhibitor E64 had no effect on the level of FnBPs, indicating that cysteine proteases were not involved. Inactivation of either ssp or aur in the prototype S. aureus strain 8325-4 resulted in a threefold increase in the amount of cell-bound FnBPs. Inactivation of the same protease genes in a sarA mutant of 8325-4 resulted in a 10- to 20-fold increase in cell-bound protein A. As the serine protease requires aureolysin to be activated, it can thus be concluded that the serine protease is the most important protease in the release of cell-bound FnBPs and protein A.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saravia-Otten
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tegmark
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morfeldt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arvidson
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005110:Extracellular Space; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A / Q000378:metabolism*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C088021:SarA protein, bacterial; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A; D015534:Trans-Activators; C078635:fibronectin-binding proteins, bacterial; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C028344:glutamyl endopeptidase; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C115504:aureolysin