title: Cellular immune responses of schistosomiasis patients are altered by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coinfection.
abstract: In vitro studies suggest that CD4(+) cells with a T helper 2 (Th2) phenotype better support human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication than do cells of the Th1 phenotype. As a result, Th2-type immune responses may be substantially affected by HIV-1 coinfection. To test this hypothesis, a comparison was done of proliferation and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with schistosomiasis who were positive or negative for HIV-1. Patients with schistosomiasis with HIV-1 coinfections had significantly lower interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 production than did HIV-1-negative individuals. In contrast, interferon-gamma production levels were similar between the 2 groups. Furthermore, in patients with HIV-1, a decrease in CD4(+) T cells was correlated with an increased Th1:Th2 cytokine production ratio. The effect of praziquantel treatment on proliferation and cytokine responses also differed between HIV-1 infection groups. Thus, HIV-1 infection affects immune response patterns of patients with schistosomiasis.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya. pmwinzi@kisian.mimcom.net
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Mwinzi
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Karanja
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Colley
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Orago
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Secor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D016207:Cytokines; D011223:Praziquantel