title: Alternative 1-(13)C glucose infusion protocols for clinical (13)C MRS examinations of the brain.
abstract: Clinical utility of (13)C MRS is limited by cost and long examination times. Three 1-(13)C glucose infusion protocols-a high-dose i.v., low-dose i.v., and oral administration of 1-(13)C glucose-were compared on a GE 1.5T MR scanner. Resolution and sensitivity were sufficient to identify (13)C glucose (1alpha and 1beta), glutamate (C1-C4), glutamine (C1-C4), aspartate (C2 and C3), lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate in brain spectra. The three protocols were efficacious, as measured by cerebral enrichment of 1-(13)C glucose (62%, 42%, and 38%) and its principal metabolite, 4-(13)C glutamate (13%, 11%, and 16%), respectively. Intravenous infusion of 1-(13)C glucose 0.23 g/kg body weight (low dose) provides equivalent information at one third the cost of previous regimes. Magn Reson Med 46:39-48, 2001.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Unit, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 660 S. Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blüml
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose