title: Ropivacaine in the horse: its pharmacological responses, urinary detection and mass spectral confirmation.
abstract: This report evaluates the pharmacological responses, urinary detection and mass spectral confirmation of ropivacaine in horses. Ropivacaine, a potent local anesthetic (LA) recently introduced in human medicine, has an estimated highest no-effect dose (HNED) of about 0.4 mg/site as determined in our abaxial sesamoid block model. Apparent ropivacaine equivalents were detectable by ELISA screening using a mepivacaine ELISA test after administration of clinically effective doses. Mass spectral examination of postadministration urine samples showed no detectable parent ropivacaine, but a compound indistinguishable from authentic 3-hydroxyropivacaine was recovered from these samples. The study shows that ropivacaine is a potent LA in the horse, that clinically effective doses can be detected in postadministration samples by ELISA-based screening, and that its major post administration urinary metabolite is 3-hydroxyropivacaine.
authors.affiliation: Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center and the Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Harkins
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karpiesiuk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehner
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dirikolu
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boyles
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tobin
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000662:veterinary; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine