title: Critical growth phases for adult shortness in Hong Kong Chinese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to explore whether the influence of subnormal growth in fetal, infancy, childhood and pubertal phases on adult short stature was the same when comparing privileged and underprivileged populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data came from two longitudinal growth studies: 1) Hong Kong Chinese children who were born in 1967 (n = 132), and 2) the comparatively more privileged Swedish children who were born in 1973-1975 (n = 2,850).
  
  
  RESULTS
  68% of Hong Kong Chinese children had two or more growth phases subnormal, much higher than the 12.4% for Swedish children. 42.4% of Hong Kong Chinese were short at final height, much higher than the 2.2% for Swedish children. Subnormal growth in any growth phase was associated with an increased risk of adult short stature in both series (p<0.01). After adjustment for mid-parental height, the place of residence (Hong Kong/Sweden) was not significant for adult shortness (p>0.05) in the pooled data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of subnormal growth in any phase on adult shortness is similar in privileged and underprivileged populations. The much higher prevalence of subnormal growth and consequently adult short stature in developing countries is likely mainly attributable to adverse extrinsic or environmental influences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Hong Kong, PR China.
authors.forename: Z C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karlberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D013548:Sweden; D044465:White People