title: A novel K+ channel expressed in carrot roots with a low susceptibility toward metal ions.
abstract: Kdc1 is a novel K+-channel gene cloned from carrot roots, and which is also present in cultured carrot cells. We investigated the characteristics of the ionic current elicited in Xenopus oocytes coinjected with KDC1 (K+-Daucus carota 1) and KAT1 (from Arabidopsis thaliana) RNA. Expressed heteromeric channels displayed inward-rectifying potassium currents whose kinetics, voltage characteristics, and inhibition by metal ions depended on KDC1:KAT1 ratios. At low KDC1:KAT1 ratios, Zn2+ inhibition of heteromeric K+ current was less pronounced compared to homomeric KAT1 channels, while at higher KDC1:KAT1 ratios, the addition of Zn2+ even produced an increase in current. Under the same conditions, the Ni2+ inhibition of the current was also reduced, but no current increase was observed. These effects might be explained by the unusual amino acid composition of the KDC1 protein in terms of histidine residues that are absent in the pore region, but abundant (four per subunit) in the proximity of the pore entrance. Channels like KDC1 could be at least partially responsible for the higher resistance of carrot cells in the presence of metals.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Cibernetica e Biofisica-CNR, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paganetto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bregante
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lo Schiavo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoth
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hedrich
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gambale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002412:Cations / Q000494:pharmacology; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017343:Genes, Plant; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002412:Cations; C501210:KAT1 protein, Arabidopsis; C419388:KDC1 protein, Daucus carota; D010940:Plant Proteins; D015221:Potassium Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D011994:Recombinant Proteins