title: Shift work modifies the circadian patterns of heart rate variability in nurses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The influence of shifting the work-sleep cycle on the circadian rhythm of cardiac autonomic activity was investigated by the spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV).
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 10 healthy Japanese female nurses aged 33+/-3 (S.D.) years. The subjects underwent ambulatory 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings on the days of day shift (working from 08:00 to 17:00 h) and night shift (working from 21:40 to 08:40 h). Variables of the frequency domain of HRV were calculated for three activity states (work, awake but not working, and sleep).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of HRV variables over 24 h were not different between day shift and night shift. For both shifts, variables related to the sympathetic control (low frequency component in normalized units and low/high frequency component ratio) were the largest during the work period and the smallest during the sleep period, while an opposite order was present for variables related to the vagal control (high frequency component in absolute value and normalized units). HRV variables in each activity state were not different between the two shifts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The circadian rhythm of cardiac autonomic activity is largely modified by the level of physical activity regardless of the clock hour, which may have clinical implications when studying the circadian fluctuations of the onset of cardiovascular disease in shift workers.
authors.affiliation: Fukuoka Health Promotion Foundation, Maizuru 2-5-1, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 810-0073, Japan. h_ito@intmed1.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric