title: Non-combustible waste vitrification with plasma torch melter.
abstract: Non-combustible radioactive wastes generated from Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are composed of concrete, glass, asbestos, metal, sand, soil, spent filters, etc. The melting tests for concrete, glass, sand, and spent filters were carried out using a 60 kW plasma torch system. The surrogate wastes were prepared for the tests. Non-radioactive Co and Cs were added to the surrogates in order to simulate the radioactive waste. Several kinds of surrogate prepared by their own mixture or by single waste were melted with the plasma torch system to produce glassy waste forms. The characteristics of glassy waste forms were examined for the volume reduction factor (VRF) and the leach rate. The VRFs were estimated through the density measurement of the surrogates and the glassy waste forms, and were turned out to be 1.2-2.4. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) was used to determine the leach resistance for As, Ba, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Se, Co, and Cs. The leaching index was calculated using the total content of each element in both the waste forms and the leachant. The TCLP tests resulted in that the leach rates for all elements except Co and Cs were lower than those of the Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limits. There were no UTS limits for Co and Cs, and their leach rate & index from the experiments were resulted in around 10 times higher than those of other elements.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Environment Technology Institute, KEPCO, P.O. BOX 149, Yusung, Taejon, 305-600, Korea. parkjoki@kepco.co.kr
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004867:Equipment Design; D017745:Incineration; D011210:Power Plants; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011850:Radioactive Waste