title: Model study of ATP and ADP buffering, transport of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+), and regulation of ion pumps in ventricular myocyte.
abstract: We extended the model of the ventricular myocyte by Winslow et al. (Circ. Res 1999, 84:571-586) by incorporating equations for Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) buffering and transport by ATP and ADP and equations for MgATP regulation of ion transporters (Na(+)-K(+) pump, sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic Ca(2+) pumps). The results indicate that, under normal conditions, Ca(2+) binding by low-affinity ATP and diffusion of CaATP may affect the amplitude and time course of intracellular Ca(2+) signals. The model also suggests that a fall in ATP/ADP ratio significantly reduces sarcoplasmic Ca(2+) content, increases diastolic Ca(2+), lowers systolic Ca(2+), increases Ca(2+) influx through L-type channels, and decreases the efficiency of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger in extruding Ca(2+) during periodic voltage-clamp stimulation. The analysis suggests that the most important reason for these changes during metabolic inhibition is the down-regulation of the sarcoplasmic Ca(2+)-ATPase pump by reduced diastolic MgATP levels. High Ca(2+) concentrations developed near the membrane might have a greater influence on Mg(2+), ATP, and ADP concentrations than that of the lower Ca(2+) concentrations in the bulk myoplasm. The model predictions are in general agreement with experimental observations measured under normal and pathological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michailova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McCulloch
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D016623:Ion Pumps / Q000378:metabolism*; D017136:Ion Transport; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D016623:Ion Pumps; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium