Child sexual abuse, peer sexual abuse, and sexual assault in adulthood: a multi-risk model of revictimization.
This study explored the predictors and consequences of sexual assault occurring after the age of 16 years in a nonclinical sample of women. Child sexual abuse occurring before the age of 16 years was the only predictor of later sexual assault among comorbid risk factors. Peer sexual abuse, number of perpetrators, age at time of sexual abuse, and severity of sexual abuse did not increase the risk for later sexual assault. Adult sexual assault victims showed lower levels of mental health functioning than did survivors of child or peer sexual abuse. We discuss a specificity model of revictimization and the differential effects of child, peer, and adult sexual trauma on the developmental trajectory of sexual violence and psychosocial functioning.
Maker
A H
AH
Illinois School of Professional Psychology, Chicago Campus, 20 South Clark Street, Third Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60603, USA. amaker@aspp.edu
Kemmelmeier
M
M
Peterson
C
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008603:Mental Health; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010379:Peer Group; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors