Occurrence of Cryptosporidium in Japan and counter-measures in wastewater treatment plants.
The outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Ogose in 1996 forced the wastewater treatment authorities to rethink the level of contamination by Cryptosporidium of wastewater and waters in the watersheds and counter-measures in wastewater treatment plants. A survey of Cryptosporidium concentrations in wastewater and treated wastewater conducted nationwide showed relatively low levels. Also, evaluation of wastewater treatment showed a 2 log oocyst removal with an activated sludge process and an additional 1 log removal with coagulant dosing.
Suwa
M
M
Advanced Wastewater Treatment Division, Public Works Research Institute, Ministry of Construction, 1 Asahi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0804, Japan. suwa@pwri.go.jp
Suzuki
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003458:Cryptosporidium; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D012722:Sewage; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D014881:Water Supply
D012722:Sewage