Fluctuations in stationary nonequilibrium states of irreversible processes.
We formulate a dynamical fluctuation theory for stationary nonequilibrium states (SNS) which covers situations in a nonlinear hydrodynamic regime and is verified explicitly in stochastic models of interacting particles. In our theory a crucial role is played by the time reversed dynamics. Our results include the modification of the Onsager-Machlup theory in the SNS, a general Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the macroscopic entropy and a nonequilibrium, nonlinear fluctuation dissipation relation valid for a wide class of systems.
Bertini
L
L
Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazza A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.
De Sole
A
A
Gabrielli
D
D
Jona-Lasinio
G
G
Landim
C
C