The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54.
Natural peptides displaying agonist activity on the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54 were isolated from human placenta. These 54-, 14,- and 13-amino acid peptides, with a common RF-amide C terminus, derive from the product of KiSS-1, a metastasis suppressor gene for melanoma cells, and were therefore designated kisspeptins. They bound with low nanomolar affinities to rat and human GPR54 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells and stimulated PIP(2) hydrolysis, Ca(2+) mobilization, arachidonic acid release, ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation, and stress fiber formation but inhibited cell proliferation. Human GPR54 was highly expressed in placenta, pituitary, pancreas, and spinal cord, suggesting a role in the regulation of endocrine function. Stimulation of oxytocin secretion after kisspeptin administration to rats confirmed this hypothesis.
Kotani
M
M
Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinare en Biologie Humaine et Nucléaire (I.R.I.B.H.N.), Brussels, Belgium.
Detheux
M
M
Vandenbogaerde
A
A
Communi
D
D
Vanderwinden
J M
JM
Le Poul
E
E
Brézillon
S
S
Tyldesley
R
R
Suarez-Huerta
N
N
Vandeput
F
F
Blanpain
C
C
Schiffmann
S N
SN
Vassart
G
G
Parmentier
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D059648:Kisspeptins; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
C106628:KISS1 protein, human; C118688:KISS1R protein, human; C491406:Kiss1 protein, rat; C492247:Kiss1r protein, rat; D059648:Kisspeptins; D008024:Ligands; D011506:Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins