Molecular epidemiology of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus with emphasis on West and South Africa.
Genetic relationships of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viruses recovered from outbreaks of the disease in the West African countries of Niger, Burkina Faso and, Ghana (1988-1993) and those from South Africa (2000) were determined by partial VP1 gene characterization. A 581-bp fragment, corresponding to the C-terminus half of the ID (VP1 gene) region was amplified and sequenced. An homologous region of 495 nucleotides was ultimately used to determine genetic relationships of serotype O viruses from the Middle East, Europe, South America, North Africa, East Africa, southern Africa and Asia. Seven distinct type O genotypes were identified by phylogenetic reconstruction, consisting of viruses from the following geographical regions: Genotype A: Asia, the Middle East, and South Africa, Genotype B: East Africa, Genotype C: West and North Africa, Genotype D: Taiwan and Russia, Genotype E: Angola and Venezuela, Genotype F: Western Europe, and Genotype G: Europe and South America. The genotypes constitute three different evolutionary lineages (I-III), which correspond to three discrete continental regions, some of which display inter-continental distributions due to introductions. Results further indicate that the outbreaks in Burkina Faso (1992) and Ghana (1993) are part of the same epizootic and that the strain involved in a recent outbreak of the disease in South Africa is most closely related (97% sequence identity) to a 1997 Bangladesh strain.
Sangare
O
O
ARC-OVI, Exotic Diseases Division, South Africa.
Bastos
A D
AD
Marquardt
O
O
Venter
E H
EH
Vosloo
W
W
Thomson
G R
GR
D000354:Africa, Western; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013019:South Africa; D013045:Species Specificity
D036022:Capsid Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers