title: Women's strategic responses to violence in Nicaragua.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the responses of women in León, Nicaragua to partner abuse and identify contextual factors associated with the use of certain coping mechanisms and the likelihood of permanent separation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional population-based survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  León, Nicaragua.
  
  
  METHODS
  188 women 15-49 years of age who had experienced physical partner abuse, out of 488 women interviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  66% of women defended themselves effectively from abuse either physically or verbally. Forty one per cent of women had left home temporarily because of violence and 20% had sought help outside the home. Women experiencing severe abuse were more likely to leave or seek help, whereas women with less severe abuse were more able to defend themselves effectively. Seventy per cent of women eventually left abusive relationships. Help seeking and temporary separations increased the likelihood of a permanent separation, whereas women who defended themselves and were able to stop the violence, at least temporarily, were more likely to remain in abusive relationships.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women in Nicaragua use a variety of methods in order to overcome physical partner abuse. Temporary leaving and help seeking are critical steps in the process of leaving a violent relationship. However, many women indicated that they did not receive support for their situation. More interventions are needed to help women recognise and deal with violence, as well as strengthening the community support networks available to abused women.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden. mellsberg@path-dc.org
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ellsberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Winkvist
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stenlund
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004243:Divorce; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009527:Nicaragua; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000592:standards; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*