title: Central effects of urotensin-II following ICV administration in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urotensin-II (U-II) has recently been identified as an agonist for the G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR14. Detection of both U-II and GPR14 mRNA in the brain and spinal cord is consistent with a role for U-II in the CNS. However, the effects of central administration of U-II in rodents have not been reported previously.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the localisation of GPR14 mRNA in rat tissues and to investigate the behavioural and endocrine effects of human U-II (hU-II) following intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were carried out in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Expression of GPR14 mRNA in rat brain was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Effects of hU-II on general behaviours were assessed by an observer and the motor activity response was measured by an automated activity monitor. Plasma hormones and [DOPAC + HVA]/[DA] and [5-HIAA]/[5-HT] ratios in five brain areas were measured 20 min post-hU-II (ICV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GPR14 mRNA expression was found in whole brain tissue and in all CNS regions tested. GPR14 mRNA expression was also detected in the periphery; highest levels were found in the heart. Following ICV administration, hU-II (3-10 micrograms ICV) increased rearing and grooming, and increased motor activity in a familiar environment. Further, hU-II increased plasma prolactin and TSH but did not affect levels of corticosterone. hU-II had no effects on dopamine or 5-HT levels or their metabolites in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, striatum and nucleus accumbens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide further insight into the distribution of GPR14 mRNA within the CNS and show for the first time that hU-II causes marked behavioural and endocrine effects.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research, GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW, UK. jane_gartlon-1@sbphrd.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gartlon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Ashmeade
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Munton
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014579:Urotensins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C121697:UTS2R protein, human; D014579:Urotensins; C029677:urotensin II