title: HIV inhibitor from Thai bitter gourd.
abstract: Thai bitter gourd protein (MRK29) was isolated from Momordica charantia ripe fruit and seed. The purification was performed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and gel filtration chromatography. MRK29 possessed one isoelectric point of (pI) > or = 9, and the time of flight mass spectrum (TOFMS) indicated its molecular weight at 28.6 kD. The twenty amino acid sequence from the N-terminus was in the following order: 1Asp Val Asn Phe Arg Leu Ser Gly Ala 10Asp Pro Arg X Tyr Gly Met Phe Ile Glu 20Asp. MRK29 inhibited the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with 50% IR at the concentration of 18 micrograms/ml. MRK29 was concentrated in the 30-60% salt precipitated fraction, at which the concentration of 0.175 microgram/ml exerted 82% reduction of viral core protein p24 expression in HIV-infected cells. MRK29 might have modulatory role on immune cells, because it increased 3-fold TNF activity.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri Ayudhya Road, Bangkok, Thailand. pywju@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiratchariyakul
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiwat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vongsakul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Somanabandhu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leelamanit
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwannaroj
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ebizuka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; C066347:MAP30 protein, Momordica charantia; C431403:MRK29 protein, Momordica charantia; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases