title: [Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in children: report of 17 cases].
abstract: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis (OCRM) is a rare condition in children, of unknown aetiology, which may be misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis, arthritis or tumour.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a retrospective multicentric study of 17 patients (five boys and 12 girls) with an average follow-up of 7.5 years (six months-25 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A spectrum of presenting features is possible, ranging from bone lesions alone to lesions combined with arthritis, palmoplantar pustulosis or psoriasis. The diagnosis was delayed from two weeks to five years. Roentgenographic evaluation was often normal at the beginning of the disease or showed nonspecific bone reactions. Radioisotope bone scans assisted in establishing the diagnosis and in identifying lesions that were initially clinically silent. Bone biopsies were performed in seven cases. Histopathological examination showed only mild inflammatory nonspecific changes. Microbiological cultures were always negative. Treatments were different according to the evolution of the disease and the hospital. There was no response to antibiotics in seven patients. The response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and steroids was moderate and often transient. Salazopyrine and pamidronate treatment used in two patients allowed a durable remission. We lost sight of four patients, pain persisted in three in spite of treatment, it disappeared in two with treatment, mild pain persisted in five without treatment and remission occurred in three without treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study clarifies the clinical and radiologic features of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. The recognition of this rare entity is often delayed and difficulties in patient management sometimes emerge from its usual protracted course.
authors.affiliation: Service de pédiatrie, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coinde
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cottalorda
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bost
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lucht
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stéphan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000077268:Pamidronate; D011379:Prognosis; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012008:Recurrence; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004164:Diphosphonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; C028423:Salazopyrine; D012460:Sulfasalazine; D005944:Glucosamine; D000077268:Pamidronate