title: A multicenter study of in vitro and in vivo values in human RBCs frozen with 40-percent (wt/vol) glycerol and stored after deglycerolization for 15 days at 4 degrees C in AS-3: assessment of RBC processing in the ACP 215.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The FDA has approved the storage of frozen RBCs at -80 degrees C for 10 years. After deglycerolization, the RBCs can be stored at 4 degrees C for no more than 24 hours, because open systems are currently being used. Five laboratories have been evaluating an automated, functionally closed system (ACP 215, Haemonetics) for both the glycerolization and deglycerolization processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies were performed at three military sites and two civilian sites. Each site performed in vitro testing of 20 units of RBCs. In addition, one military site and two civilian sites conducted autologous transfusion studies on ten units of previously frozen, deglycerolized RBCs that had been stored at 4 degrees C in AS-3 for 15 days. At one of the civilian sites, 10 volunteers received autologous transfusions on two occasions in a randomized manner, once with previously frozen RBCs that had been stored at 4 degrees C in AS-3 for 15 days after deglycerolization and once with liquid-preserved RBCs that had been stored at 4 degrees C in AS-1 for 42 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- SD in vitro freeze-thaw-wash recovery value was 87 +/- 5 percent; the mean +/- SD supernatant osmolality on the day of deglycerolization was 297 +/- 5 mOsm per kg of H(2)O, and the mean +/- SD percentage of hemolysis after storage at 4 degrees C in AS-3 for 15 days was 0.60 +/- 0.2 percent. The paired data from the study of 10 persons at the civilian site showed a mean +/- SD 24-hour posttransfusion survival of 76 +/- 6 percent for RBCs that had been stored at 4 degrees C for 15 days after deglycerolization and 72 +/- 5 percent for RBCs stored at 4 degrees C in AS-1 for 42 days. At the three sites at which 24-hour posttransfusion survival values were measured by three double-label procedures, a mean +/- SD 24-hour posttransfusion survival of 77 +/- 9 percent was observed for 36 autologous transfusions to 12 females and 24 males of previously frozen RBCs that had been stored at 4 degrees C in AS-3 for 15 days after deglycerolization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The multicenter study showed the acceptable quality of RBCs that were glycerolized and deglycerolized in the automated ACP 215 instrument and stored in AS-3 at 4 degrees C for 15 days.
authors.affiliation: Naval Blood Research Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, 625 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. navblood@bu.edu
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Valeri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ragno
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Pivacek
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Srey
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lippert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mettille
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fahie
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: I O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Szymanski
mesh_terms: D001793:Blood Preservation; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D005990:Glycerol