title: Molecular cloning, expression, localization, and gene organization of PTX1, a human nuclear protein that is downregulated in prostate cancer.
abstract: A cDNA, designated PTX1, has been isolated by subtractive hybridization on the basis that it is expressed in normal prostate but not in prostate carcinoma. The full-length cDNA was subsequently established by 5' and 3' RACE. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5'- and 3'-RACE clones yielded a composite cDNA of 1327 bp, which predicted a protein of 377 amino acid residues with a putative nuclear import signal (RRLNRKK) at its N terminus. The PTX1 gene was localized to human chromosome 12 and was found to be ubiquitously expressed. A segment of the cDNA was expressed in E. coli to produce a fragment of the PTX1 protein for the generation of specific antibodies. The resulting antibodies detected a 73-kDa protein in both nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts of prostate, although the level in the cytoplasmic extract was much lower. Using immunohistochemical analysis, the PTX1 protein was localized mainly in the nuclei of glandular epithelia of normal prostate. The nuclear staining was greatly reduced in prostate carcinoma. The gene organization of PTX1 was established by comparing the cDNA sequence with the published human genomic sequence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19141-3098, USA. kwoks@aehn2.einstein.edu
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Daskal
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004926:Escherichia coli; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C431845:ERGIC2 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins