title: Congenital laryngeal anomalies. Laryngeal atresia, stenosis, webs, and clefts.
abstract: Congenital laryngeal anomalies may occur as a result of defects in normal prenatal development. They are associated with a broad spectrum of symptoms and require treatment ranging from observation alone to complex open airway surgery. The treating otolaryngologist must organize a management strategy focused on timely diagnosis, ensuring a safe airway, and maximum conservation of respiratory, phonatory, and swallowing ability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hartnick
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cotton
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007013:Hypopharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy