title: Vitamin D(3) promotes the differentiation of colon carcinoma cells by the induction of E-cadherin and the inhibition of beta-catenin signaling.
abstract: The beta-catenin signaling pathway is deregulated in nearly all colon cancers. Nonhypercalcemic vitamin D3 (1alpha,25-dehydroxyvitamin D(3)) analogues are candidate drugs to treat this neoplasia. We show that these compounds promote the differentiation of human colon carcinoma SW480 cells expressing vitamin D receptors (VDRs) (SW480-ADH) but not that of a malignant subline (SW480-R) or metastasic derivative (SW620) cells lacking VDR. 1alpha,25(OH)2D(3) induced the expression of E-cadherin and other adhesion proteins (occludin, Zonula occludens [ZO]-1, ZO-2, vinculin) and promoted the translocation of beta-catenin, plakoglobin, and ZO-1 from the nucleus to the plasma membrane. Ligand-activated VDR competed with T cell transcription factor (TCF)-4 for beta-catenin binding. Accordingly, 1alpha,25(OH)2D(3) repressed beta-catenin-TCF-4 transcriptional activity. Moreover, VDR activity was enhanced by ectopic beta-catenin and reduced by TCF-4. Also, 1alpha,25(OH)2D(3) inhibited expression of beta-catenin-TCF-4-responsive genes, c-myc, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta, Tcf-1, and CD44, whereas it induced expression of ZO-1. Our results show that 1alpha,25(OH)2D(3) induces E-cadherin and modulates beta-catenin-TCF-4 target genes in a manner opposite to that of beta-catenin, promoting the differentiation of colon carcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Pálmer
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: González-Sancho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Espada
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Berciano
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Puig
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baulida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quintanilla
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: de Herreros
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafarga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015820:Cadherins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010641:Phenotype; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C116441:2-methyl-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin; C074279:KH 1060; D014807:Vitamin D; C055085:calcipotriene; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002117:Calcitriol; C078903:seocalcitol