Metabolism of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium in plant cell cultures of transgenic (rhizomania-resistant) and non-transgenic sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), carrot (Daucus carota), purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) and thorn apple (Datura stramonium).
The metabolism of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium was investigated in heterotrophic cell suspension and callus cultures of transgenic (bar-gene) and non-transgenic sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris). Similar studies were performed with suspensions of carrot (Daucus carota), purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) and thorn apple (Datura stramonium). 14C-labelled chemicals were the (racemic) glufosinate, L-glufosinate, and D-glufosinate, as well as the metabolites N-acetyl L-glufosinate and 3-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)propionic acid (MPP). Cellular absorption was generally low, but depended noticeably on plant species, substance and enantiomer. Portions of non-extractable residues ranged from 0.1% to 1.2% of applied 14C. Amounts of soluble metabolites resulting from glufosinate or L-glufosinate were between 0.0% and 26.7% of absorbed 14C in non-transgenic cultures and 28.2% and 59.9% in transgenic sugarbeet. D-Glufosinate, MPP and N-acetyl L-glufosinate proved to be stable. The main metabolite in transgenic sugarbeet was N-acetyl L-glufosinate, besides traces of MPP and 4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid (MPB). In non-transgenic sugarbeet, glufosinate was transformed to a limited extent to MPP and trace amounts of MPB. In carrot, D stramonium and D purpurea, MPP was also the main product; MPB was identified as a further trace metabolite in D stramonium and D purpurea.
Müller
B P
BP
Department of Biology V (Ecology/Ecotoxicology/Ecochemistry), Technical University of Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
Zumdick
A
A
Schuphan
I
I
Schmidt
B
B
D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019663:Chenopodiaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D013286:Datura stramonium / Q000378:metabolism; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000378:metabolism; D004070:Digitalis / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D010947:Plants, Toxic
D000613:Aminobutyrates; D006540:Herbicides; C003121:phosphinothricin