title: HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 induces the MMP-9 cytopathogenic factor production that is abolished by inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
abstract: It has been previously shown that the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) activates cell signaling by CXCR4, independently of CD4. The present study examines the involvement of different intracellular signaling pathways and their physiopathologic consequences following the CD4-independent interaction between CXCR4 or CCR5 and gp120 in different cell types: primary T cells, CD4(-)/CXCR4(+)/CCR5(+) T cells, or glioma cells. These interactions were compared with those obtained with natural ligands, stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1alpha) (CXCL12) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1beta) (CCL4) of their respective coreceptors. Thus, both p38 and SAPK/Jun N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated on stimulation of these cells with either T- or M-tropic gp120, as well as with SDF-1alpha or MIP-1beta. In contrast, extracellular signal-related kinase 1 and 2 MAPKs are only activated by MIP-1beta but not by M-tropic gp120. Importantly, T- and M-tropic gp120 are able to induce the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), an extracellular metalloproteinase present in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-1 by T cells or glioma cells. Specific inhibition of MAPK p38 activation resulted in a complete abrogation of the induction of the MMP-9 pathogenic factor expression by gp120 or chemokines in both cell types. Because neurodegenerative features in acquired immune deficiency syndrome dementia may involve demyelinization by MMP-9, the specific targeting of p38 could provide a novel means to control HIV-induced cytopathogenic effects and cell homing to viral replication sites. (Blood. 2001;98:541-547)
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie Rétrovirale et Moléculaire, the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 240 Av. E. Jeanbrau, 34094 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Missé
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Esteve
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Renneboog
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerutti
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: St Pierre
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yssel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parmentier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008024:Ligands; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9