title: Study status consistency and duplicate-read protection in a distributed architecture.
abstract: This presentation will discuss the benefits and pitfalls of implementing a study status and duplicate-read protection mechanism within a distributed picture archiving and communication system (PACS) architecture. There are many advantages to a distributed PACS network in which image studies are proactively pushed to reading stations before they are required by a radiologist. The absence of a central server, which serves on demand, makes managing study status and protecting against duplicate reads challenging. The system to manage study status and read access must be efficient, robust, and easy to administer. A system is presented that accomplishes these goals while maintaining the advantages of a distributed architecture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The basic workflow of the system is that image studies acquired at a modality device are automatically sent to an archive server. Using a set of advanced routing rules, the archive automatically routes studies to diagnostic workstations where studies are candidates for diagnostic read. The workstations display a list of all local studies available for reading. A monitor application running on the workstations coordinates access to studies for diagnostic read. Once the status of a study has been changed, the workstations on the networks and the archive are notified, which causes the study to be automatically removed from any list on a workstation where it might be a read candidate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implementation of this system provides a balanced workflow throughout the system while minimizing the need for costly high-speed network hardware. Additionally studies are read as soon as they are available by the next available radiologist. This workflow is enabled without the need for specific interaction by any of the radiologists on the network. By having the images available at the workstation in an organized worklist, this methodology increases the efficiency of the radiologist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of this system enables a radiology department, or even a specialty group within a department, to gain the benefit of a distributed system as well as the benefits provided by a central-server architecture. This can be done very cost effectively with minimal configuration overhead and hardware requirements.
authors.affiliation: Marconi Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH 44143, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiggins
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D011873:Radiology Information Systems / Q000458:organization & administration; D012984:Software