title: Reactions of VX, GB, GD, and HD with nanosize Al(2)O(3). Formation of aluminophosphonates.
abstract: Room-temperature reactions of VX, GB, GD, and HD with nanosize Al(2)O(3) (AP-Al(2)O(3)) have been characterized by (31)P, (13)C, and (27)Al MAS NMR. Nerve agents VX, GB, and GD hydrolyze to yield surface-bound complexes of their corresponding nontoxic phosphonates. At sufficiently high loadings, discreet aluminophosphonate complexes, Al[OP(O)(CH(3))OR](3), are generated which are identical to synthesized model compounds. Thus the reaction with phosphonic acids is not just surface-limited, but can continue to the core of alumina particles. HD mainly hydrolyzes at lower loadings to yield thiodiglycol (TG, 71%) and a minor amount of the CH-TG sulfonium ion (12%), although some elimination of HCl is also observed (17%). The reactive capacity for HD is evidently exceeded at high loadings, where complete conversion to TG is hindered. However, addition of excess water results in the quantitative hydrolysis of sorbed HD to CH-TG. On AP-Al(2)O(3) dried to remove physisorbed water, (13)C CP-MAS NMR detects a surface alkoxide consistent with that of TG.
authors.affiliation: Research and Technology Directorate, U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010, USA. george.wagner@sbccom.apgea.army.mil
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Procell
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munavalli
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Carnes
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Klabunde