title: A two year global evaluation of the susceptibility of Candida species to fluconazole by disk diffusion.
abstract: The in-vitro activity of fluconazole against 46,831 yeast isolates collected over a two-year period from 57 laboratories in 33 countries worldwide was assessed using a disc diffusion method. Candida albicans was the organism isolated most frequently, accounting for 68.6% of the total number of isolates. C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C parapsilosis and C. krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans represented 9.9, 4.7, 4.3, 1.9, and 1.4% of isolates respectively during the 2 year period and rates varied markedly between countries. In 1999 data blood isolates represented 4.9% of all isolates and intensive care unit isolates represented 9.9%. In both the 1998 and 1999 data, 99% of C. albicans were fully susceptible (S) to fluconazole, and 95.6% of all species of yeasts tested were S or susceptible-dose dependent (S-DD) to fluconazole. No emerging trends of resistance were noted with any of the Candida spp. tested as 96% of all isolates retained susceptibility (S or S-DD) to this agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of the Witwatersrand and SAIMR, P.O. Box 1038, 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Liebowitz
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Ashbee
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mallatova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gibbs
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D015725:Fluconazole