title: Is sacral instrumentation mandatory to address pelvic obliquity in neuromuscular thoracolumbar scoliosis due to myelomeningocele?
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the functional outcome of two-stage anterior and posterior instrumented fusion without fixation to the sacrum on 11 patients with neuromuscular scoliosis from thoracolumbar myelomeningocele.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  To our knowledge, there are no published results of combined anterior and posterior correction and fusion without inclusion of the sacrum in neuromuscular scoliosis from thoracolumbar myelomeningocele. In this article we present our experience and critically evaluate the functional outcome on 11 patients with neuromuscular scoliosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 1, 1992 through June 30, 1995, 11 consecutive patients with severe thoracolumbar scoliosis were admitted at our hospital. The mean age at operation was 12 years 9 months (range 9 years 9 months to 14 years 6 months). All patients underwent a two-stage anterior and posterior spinal reconstruction. The patients were evaluated before surgery and after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were observed for a mean of 4 years 11 months (range 42-88 months) from the time of second stage procedure. Before treatment the mean scoliosis was 81 degrees (range 55-110 degrees ); this was reduced to a mean of 31 degrees (range 8-70 degrees ), and at the final follow-up the correction had deteriorated slightly to a mean of 35 degrees (range 12-80 degrees ). No patient had increased neurologic deficit or showed other major complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pelvic obliquity in thoracolumbar neuromuscular scoliosis from lumbosacral myelomeningocele spontaneously corrected when the scoliotic deformity is adequately addressed with instrumented fusion without inclusion of the sacrum. The correction obtained remained stable at follow-up. In the absence of a control group we believe that sparing lumbar segments from primary fusion offers these patients a better freedom of mobility.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK. wild@med.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krauspe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012447:Sacrum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome