title: Objective cosmetic and anatomical outcomes at adolescence of feminising surgery for ambiguous genitalia done in childhood.
abstract: There are few, if any data on the long-term outcome of feminising genital surgery for children with ambiguous genitalia. We present a retrospective study of cosmetic and anatomical outcomes in 44 adolescent patients who had ambiguous genitalia in childhood and underwent feminising genital surgery. Cosmetic result was judged as poor in 18 (41%) of these patients. 43 (98%) of 44 needed further treatment to the genitalia for cosmesis, tampon use, or intercourse. 23 (89%) of 26 of genitoplasties planned as one-stage procedures required further major surgery. This information must be available to parents and clinicians planning such surgery. Cosmetic genital surgery in infancy needs to be reassessed in the light of these results.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Creighton
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Minto
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000312:Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D014844:Vulva / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*