title: Mechanical ventilation of isolated septic rat lungs: effects on surfactant and inflammatory cytokines.
abstract: The effects of mechanical ventilation (MV) on the surfactant system and cytokine secretion were studied in isolated septic rat lungs. At 23 h after sham surgery or induction of sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), lungs were excised and randomized to one of three groups: 1) a nonventilated group, 2) a group subjected to 1 h of noninjurious MV (tidal volume = 10 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure = 3 cmH(2)O), or 3) a group subjected to 1 h of injurious MV (tidal volume = 20 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure = 0 cmH(2)O). Nonventilated sham and CLP lungs had similar compliance, normal lung morphology, surfactant, and cytokine concentrations. Injurious ventilation decreased compliance, altered surfactant, increased cytokines, and induced morphological changes compared with nonventilation in sham and CLP lungs. In these lungs, the surfactant system was similar in sham and CLP lungs; however, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels were significantly higher in CLP lungs. We conclude that injurious ventilation altered surfactant independent of sepsis and that the CLP lungs were predisposed to the secretion of larger amounts of cytokines because of ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph's Health Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4V2.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malloy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCaig
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veldhuizen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D006339:Heart Rate; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D018805:Sepsis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013990:Tidal Volume
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D010100:Oxygen