title: Ophthalmology inpatient consultation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To profile inpatients and eye problems evaluated and managed by the Ophthalmology Consultation Service of a large university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital-based retrospective, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand four hundred seventy-two patients admitted to the University of California Los Angeles Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the inpatient medical records, discharge summaries, and Ophthalmology Consultation Service notes of every patient evaluated by the Service from July 1990 through January 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recorded demographic information, hospitalization information, and eye examination information, including reason for consultation, type of consultation (screening examination, new eye problem, or preexisting eye problem), as well as primary and secondary ophthalmologic diagnoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal medicine services requested 39.7% of consultations, surgery services 20.9%, and trauma services 13.5%. There were 92 different reasons why consultations were requested. The most common reason was decreased vision. Eye problems that developed either on the day of admission or some time during hospitalization accounted for 39.6% of consultations, preexisting eye problems accounted for 31.6%, and screening examinations for the remaining 28.7%. We recorded 166 unique primary ophthalmologic diagnoses and 130 unique secondary ophthalmologic diagnoses. The top five common primary ophthalmologic diagnoses were refractive error (88 patients), fungal endophthalmitis ruled out (80 patients), conjunctivitis (56 patients), diabetic retinopathy (52 patients), and corneal abrasion (52 patients). Refractive error was the most common secondary ophthalmologic diagnosis (201 patients). Inpatient diagnostic or surgical procedures were performed 7911 times. There were 947 unique primary and 1391 unique secondary hospital discharge diagnoses. The most common primary discharge diagnosis, human immunodeficiency virus infection, accounted for only 1.6% of all hospitalizations, indicating a considerable diversity of systemic disease in the study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study profiled the typical patients and eye problems an ophthalmologist may expect to encounter when inpatient consultation is requested. The information may be useful for the planning and management of consultation services in residency training programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine and the Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California 90095-7002, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies