title: Differential roles of cyclooxygenase isoforms after kainic acid-induced prostaglandin E(2) production and neurodegeneration in cortical and hippocampal cell cultures.
abstract: Prostaglandins, which are cyclooxygenase (COX) products, are pathologically up-regulated, and have been proven to be closely associated with neuronal death. In this study, we investigated a role of COX isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2) in kainic acid-induced neuronal death in cultured murine cortical or hippocampal neurons. In primary cortical neurons, both indomethacin (COX-1/-2 nonselective inhibitor) and aspirin (COX-1 preferential inhibitor) reduced basal and kainic acid-induced PGE(2) production significantly and prevented neuronal cell death after kainic acid treatment. In contrast, NS398 (COX-2 selective inhibitor) had no effect on kainic acid-induced neuronal cell death. In hippocampal neurons, however, COX-2 inhibitors prevented both kainic acid-induced neuronal death and PGE(2) production. COX-2 expression was remarkably up-regulated by kainic acid in hippocampal neurons; whereas in cortical neurons, COX-2 expression was comparatively less significant. Astrocytes were unresponsive to kainic acid in terms of PGE(2) production and cell death. In conclusion, we suggest that the release of PGE(2) induced by kainic acid occurred through COX-1 activity rather than COX-2 in cortical neurons. The inhibition of PGE(2) release by COX-1 inhibitors prevented kainic acid-induced cortical neuronal death, while in the hippocampal neurons, COX-2 inhibitors prevented kainic acid-induced PGE(2) release and hippocampal neuronal death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 442-749, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Baik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006690:Bisbenzimidazole / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005333:Fetus; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D011419:Propidium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011419:Propidium; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone; D006690:Bisbenzimidazole; D007608:Kainic Acid