title: Brain imaging of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: Advances in imaging technology allow unprecedented access to the anatomy and physiology of the living, growing human brain. Anatomical imaging studies of individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) consistently point to involvement of the frontal lobes, basal ganglia, corpus callosum, and cerebellum. Imaging studies of brain physiology also support involvement of right frontal-basal ganglia circuitry with a powerful modulatory influence from the cerebellum. Although not currently of diagnostic utility, further extension and refinement of these findings may offer hope for greater understanding of the core nature of ADHD and possible subtyping to inform treatment interventions.
authors.affiliation: Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Building 10, Room 4C110, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1367, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. jgiedd@helix.nih.gov
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Giedd
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molloy
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Castellanos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging