title: Oxyhemoglobin produces necrosis in cultured smooth muscle cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myonecrosis in the tunica media, which is defined morphologically, is one of the most striking alterations in the cerebral arterial wall following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this study, oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) was added to cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells to determine the pattern of cell death by morphological and biochemical techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Confluent rat aortic smooth muscle cells were treated with OxyHb in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Cell density was assayed by counting the number of cells that attached to the culture dishes after exposed to OxyHb. To identify cell death pattern, DNA analysis, electron microscopy, and Western blotting using poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) antibody were performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OxyHb decreased cell density in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. DNA analysis showed a smear pattern characteristic of cell necrosis. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated disintegration of cell membrane and destruction of cell organelles. No apoptotic changes, such as condensation of chromatin or apoptotic bodies were observed. Western blotting using PARP antibody revealed that 116 kDa PARP was not cleaved to 85 kDa, an apoptosis-related fragment. These results demonstrated morphologically and biochemically that OxyHb induced necrosis, not apoptosis, in cultured smooth muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Zubkov
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Parent
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins