title: Bile salt export pump is highly conserved during vertebrate evolution and its expression is inhibited by PFIC type II mutations.
abstract: Bile secretion is a fundamental function of the liver of all vertebrates and is generated by ATP-dependent transport proteins at the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, particularly by the bile salt export pump BSEP. To determine the evolutionary origin and structure-function relationship of this transport mechanism, a liver cDNA library from the marine skate Raja erinacea, a 200 million-year-old vertebrate, was screened for BSEP orthologues. A full-length clone was isolated that encodes for 1,348 amino acids and shares 68.5% identity to human BSEP. Northern blot analysis revealed a 5-kb transcript only in skate liver. Expression of skate Bsep in Sf9 cells demonstrated a sixfold stimulation of ATP-dependent taurocholate transport compared with controls, with a Michaelis-Menten constant of 15 microM, which is comparable to rat Bsep. Sequences at the site of published mutations in human BSEP are also conserved in skate Bsep. When two of these mutations were introduced into the skate Bsep cDNA, this resulted in defective expression of the mutant proteins in Sf9 cells. These studies demonstrate that Bsep is a liver-specific ATP-dependent export pump that is highly conserved throughout evolution and provide insights into critical determinants for the function of this transporter in higher vertebrates.
authors.affiliation: Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8019, USA.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ballatori
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Boyer
mesh_terms: D000074020:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002780:Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012860:Skates, Fish / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000235:genetics; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C093491:ABCB11 protein, human; D000074020:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; C490548:Abcb11 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013656:Taurocholic Acid