title: Identification of benzethonium chloride in commercial grapefruit seed extracts.
abstract: Commercial grapefruit seed extracts (GSE) were extracted with chloroform. The solvent was evaporated, and the resulting solid was subsequently analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and elemental analysis (by proton-induced X-ray emission [PIXE] analysis). The main constituent was identified as benzethonium chloride, a synthetic antimicrobial agent commonly used in cosmetics and other topical applications. This compound comprised 8.03% (n = 2) of the liquid GSE sample. Higher amounts of benzethonium chloride were found in powder GSE samples.
authors.affiliation: Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA. grt@pw.usda.gov
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Takeoka
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahoney
mesh_terms: D001558:Benzethonium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D001558:Benzethonium