title: Adenoviral mediated uteroglobin gene transfer to the adventitia reduces arterial intimal hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of gene transfer of uteroglobin, a potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent, via adenoviral mediated gene transfer to the adventitia in the mouse carotid ligation injury model and also to investigate the efficacy of uteroglobin in reducing neointimal hyperplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five C57bl/6NHSD mice were anesthetized and left common carotid artery ligation was performed. Adenoviral vector encoding the uteroglobin gene (Ad.UG; 15 microl of 1.35 x 10(11) pfu/mL) was applied to the adventitia of the injured artery in 16 mice. In our control groups, 16 mice received adenoviral vector encoding the beta-galactosidase reporter gene (Ad.lacZ; 15 microl of 1.0 x 10(11) pfu/mL) and 13 mice received PBS only. Six mice from each group were sacrificed at 4 days for carotid artery protein extraction and Western blot analysis. The remainder were harvested at 30 days for histologic and morphometric analysis. The intima/media area ratios were calculated for each artery. The results were analyzed and compared using ANOVA and Bonferroni/Dunn post hoc testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two mice from the LacZ group and one from the PBS group died before the 30-day endpoint. Uteroglobin expression was demonstrated in the Ad.UG treated arteries by Western blot analysis. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the intima/media area ratio of Ad.UG treated carotids compared to controls. There was a reduction of intima/media ratio with Ad. UG treatment of 68% compared to Ad.lacZ treatment (P < 0.0001) and 62% compared to PBS treatment (P = 0.0006). There was no statistical difference between the control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenoviral mediated gene transfer via the adventitia is an effective mode of gene delivery. Adventitial uteroglobin gene transfer using an adenoviral vector induces uteroglobin protein production and significantly reduces neointimal hyperplasia in the mouse carotid ligation injury model.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koeberlein
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Golden
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007763:Lac Operon; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014598:Uteroglobin