title: [Non-tubercular mycobacterial infection of the lungs due to Mycobacterium smegmatis].
abstract: Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis due to M. smegmatis is a rarity. We report on the case of a 51 year old male HIV-seronegative patient without predisposing bronchopulmonary disease, but with a state after gastrectomy and splenectomy who developed unproductive cough, night sweat and weight loss. The chest radiograph and thoracic CT showed wide-spread bilateral patchy infiltrations. Histological examination of transbronchial biopsies revealed chronic carnificating pneumonia. A perhoracic fine-needle biopsy showed caseating epitheloid cell granulomas with acid fast bacilli. These were identified as M. smegmatis by PCR with subsequent sequencing. Acid fast bacilli could not be detected microscopically neither in sputum nor in bronchial secretions, however M. smegmatis has been repeatedly detected by culture in these materials. In neither material tubercle bacilli have been detected by nucleic acid amplification (NAT) or culture. Immunologic investigations revealed a reduced number of CD4+ lymphocytes and a reduction of interferon alpha- and -gamma-synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Treatment with Rifabutin, Ethambutol, Clarithromycin and Ofloxacin resulted in complete clinical and roentgenological resolution.
authors.affiliation: Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Abteilung für Pneumologie, 06847 Dessau. skd.innere2@t-online.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Burkhardt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rüsch-Gerdes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amthor
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zugehör
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rosahl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ernst
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D020102:Mycobacterium smegmatis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017828:Rifabutin; D004977:Ethambutol; D015242:Ofloxacin; D017291:Clarithromycin