title: Neonatal bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination induces adult-like IFN-gamma production by CD4+ T lymphocytes.
abstract: The immaturity of the neonatal immune system in mice is associated with defective IFN-gamma production and Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, infants vaccinated at birth with BCG produced similar concentrations of IFN-gamma in response to PPD and showed similar frequencies of IFN-gamma-producing lymphocytes as compared to immune adults. Infants and adults produced only low concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5. CD4+ T lymphocytes were the main source of IFN-gamma. Similar proportions of Th1 and Th0 PPD-specific T cell clones were observed in infants and adults. This study demonstrates that the human neonatal immune response to BCG is not biased towards Th2 and is characterized by the predominant production of IFN-gamma by CD4+ T lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia. Johan.Vekemans@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vekemans
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amedei
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'Elios
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goetghebuer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ismaili
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Newport
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Prete
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: McAdam
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D015848:Interleukin-5; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D014373:Tuberculin; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma