title: Functional complementation of a genetic deficiency with human artificial chromosomes.
abstract: We have shown functional complementation of a genetic deficiency in human cultured cells, using artificial chromosomes derived from cloned human genomic fragments. A 404-kb human-artificial-chromosome (HAC) vector, consisting of 220 kb of alphoid DNA from the centromere of chromosome 17, human telomeres, and the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) genomic locus, was transferred to HPRT-deficient HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells. We generated several cell lines with low-copy-number, megabase-sized HACs containing a functional centromere and one or possibly several copies of the HPRT1 gene complementing the metabolic deficiency. The HACs consisted of alternating alphoid and nonalphoid DNA segments derived only from the input DNA (within the sensitivity limits of FISH detection), and the largest continuous alphoid segment was 158-250 kb. The study of both the structure and mitotic stability of these HACs offers insights into the mechanisms of centromere formation in synthetic chromosomes and will further the development of this human-gene-transfer technology.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mejía
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Willmott
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Earnshaw
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Larin
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D020223:Chromosome Painting; D022222:Chromosomes, Artificial, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase