[Introduction to plant genomics].
The success in complete sequencing of "small" genomes and development of new technologies which sharply accelerate processes of cloning and sequencing made real an intensive development of plant genomics and complete sequencing of DNA of some species. It is assumed that the success in plant genomics will result in revolutionary changes in biotechnology and plant breeding. However, the enormous size of genomes (tens of billions bp), their extraordinary enrichment in repetitive sequences, and allopolyploidy (the presence in a nucleus of several related but not identical genomes) force us to think that only few "basic" will undergo complete sequencing, whereas the genome investigations in other species will follow principles of comparative genomics. By the present time, complete sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome (125 Mbp) is completed and that of the rice genome (about 430 Mbp) is close to its end. Studying other plant genomes, including those economically valuable, already began on the basis of these investigations. Peculiarities of plant genomes make extraordinarily important the knowledge on plant chromosomes which, in its turn, requires expansion of investigations in this direction and development of new chromosome technologies, including the DNA-sparing methods of high-resolution banding.
Zelenin
A V
AV
azel@genome.eimb.relarn.ru
Badaeva
E D
ED
Muravenko
O V
OV
D002875:Chromosomes; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018745:Genome, Plant
D018744:DNA, Plant