title: Acute effects of a single oral dose of carvedilol on cardiac sympathovagal balance in man.
abstract: Modulation of autonomic activity is considered to be a prognostic marker in patients with cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modulation of sympathovagal balance after single-dose administration of carvedilol using various autonomic tests as challenges of sympathovagal balance. We conducted a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 18 male volunteers and applied a crossover design. While heart rate variability (HRV) remained unchanged in 24-hour measurements, modulatory effects on sympathovagal balance were demonstrated in controlled autonomic maneuvers at expected maximal drug levels of carvedilol: time-dependent HRV parameters indicative of vagal tone were increased during controlled breathing (15 cycles/min) in the supine body position by carvedilol. The percentage of successive normal RR intervals > 50 ms (pNN50) was increased to 39.8+/-5.1 vs. 32.7+/-4.7% in the placebo group (p < 0.05), root mean square successive differences (rMSSD) to 81.5+/-10.8 vs. 69.3+/-9.1 ms (p < 0.05 vs. placebo). In contrast, carvedilol versus placebo significantly reduced time- and frequency-domain parameters after an active standing-up procedure. This included rMSSD (26.5+/-2.8 ms vs. 34.9+/-3.8 ms), pNN50 (6.9+/-2.2% vs. 12.4+/-2.5%). total power (4329+/-592 ms2 vs. 6428+/-1158 ms2), low frequency (1472+/-179 ms2 vs. 2093+/-284 ms2) and high frequency power (251+/-42 ms2 vs. 353+/-92 ms2) of heart rate variability. Apparently, the effects of even small doses of carvedilol, too low to induce effects detectable in the 24-hour analysis of HRV testing, can be detected on controlled maneuvers of autonomic because of their ability to modulate autonomic balance. Under conditions of vagal stimulation, a potentially beneficial augmentation of HRV parameters indicative for this component is induced by carvedilol, while under conditions of sympathetic activation, carvedilol effects seem opposite. Interpretation of the latter results, in particular, requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haseroth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Löffler
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kropff
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feuring
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christ
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehling
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos; D011379:Prognosis; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002227:Carbazoles; D010919:Placebos; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol