Gas chromatographic characterization of vegetable oil deodorization distillate.
Because of its complex nature, the analysis of deodorizer distillate is a challenging problem. Deodorizer distillate obtained from the deodorization process of vegetable oils consists of many components including free fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and neutral oil. A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of deodorizer distillate without saponification of the sample is described. After a concise sample preparation including derivatization and silylation, distillate samples were injected on column at 60 degrees C followed by a gradual increase of the oven temperature towards 340 degrees C. The temperature profile of the oven was optimized in order to obtain a baseline separation of the different distillate components including free fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and neutral oil. Good recoveries for delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol, stigmasterol and cholesteryl palmitate of 97, 94.4, 95.6 and 92%, respectively were obtained. Repeatability of the described gas chromatographic method was evaluated by analyzing five replicates of a soybean distillate. Tocopherols and sterols had low relative standard deviations ranging between 1.67 and 2.25%. Squalene, mono- and diacylglycerides had higher relative standard deviations ranging between 3.33 and 4.12%. Several industrial deodorizer distillates obtained from chemical and physical refining of corn, canola, sunflower and soybean have been analyzed for their composition.
Verleyen
T
T
Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Ghent, Belgium. tom.verleyen@rug.ac.be
Verhe
R
R
Garcia
L
L
Dewettinck
K
K
Huyghebaert
A
A
De Greyt
W
W
D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013261:Sterols / Q000032:analysis
D010938:Plant Oils; D013261:Sterols