Immediate reaction to clarithromycin.
We present the case of bronchospastic reaction to clarithromycin had during a drug challenge test. Personal allergic history was negative for respiratory allergies and positive for adverse drug reactions to general and regional anesthesia and to ceftriaxone. After the administration of 1/4 of therapeutic dose of clarithromycin the patient showed dyspnea, cough and bronchospasm in all the lung fields. The positivity of the test was confirmed by the negativity to the administration of placebo. The quickness and the clinical characteristic of the adverse reaction suggest a pathogenic mechanism of immediate-type hypersensitivity. On reviewing the literature we have found no reports of bronchospastic reaction to clarithromycin. Macrolides are a class of antibiotics mainly used in the last years in place of beta-lactams because of a broad spectrum of action and a low allergic power. In fact, there are few reports on allergic reactions to these molecules. Clarithromycin is one of the latest macrolides, characterised by the presence of a 14-carbon-atom lactone ring as erythromycin, active on a wide spectrum of pathogens.
Gangemi
S
S
School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Policlinic Pad. H, Messina, Italy.
Ricciardi
L
L
Fedele
R
R
Isola
S
S
Purello-D'Ambrosio
F
F
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000139:chemically induced*; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000139:chemically induced; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000139:chemically induced*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017291:Clarithromycin