title: Transcriptional complementarity in breast cancer: application to detection of circulating tumor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We used a combination of genetic subtraction, silicon DNA microarray analysis, and quantitative PCR to identify tissue- and tumor-specific genes as diagnostic targets for breast cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From a large number of candidate antigens, several specific subsets of genes were identified that showed concordant and complementary expression profiles. Whereas transcriptional profiling of mammaglobin resulted in the detection of 70% of tumors in a panel of 46 primary and metastatic breast cancers, the inclusion of three additional markers resulted in detection of all 46 specimens. Immunomagnetic epithelial cell enrichment of circulating tumor cells from the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic breast cancer, coupled with RT-PCR-based amplification of breast tumor-specific transcripts, resulted in the detection of anchorage-independent tumor cells in the majority of patients with breast cancer with known metastatic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complementation of mammaglobin with three additional genes in RT-PCR increases the detection of breast cancers in tissue and circulating tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Corixa Corporation, 1124 Columbia St., Ste 200, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. houghton@corixa.com
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Houghton
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Molesh
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Zehentner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frudakis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Repasky
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maltez Filho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nolasco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badaro
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Persing
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Reed
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C556448:SCGB2A2 protein, human; D014598:Uteroglobin