title: Angiotensin II-responsive element is the insulin-responsive element in the adipocyte fatty acid synthase gene: role of adipocyte determination and differentiation factor 1/sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1c.
abstract: We have previously shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) increases the expression of the gene encoding adipocyte fatty acid synthase (FAS). Here we investigate the mechanism responsible for increased FAS gene transcription by Ang II. We demonstrate that Ang II increased luciferase activity by 3-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes transfected with fusion constructs linking the FAS promoter to the luciferase reporter gene. Interestingly, we mapped the Ang II regulatory sequences to the insulin-responsive region (E box) in the proximal FAS promoter. The E box alone was able to mediate Ang II responsiveness when linked to a heterologous promoter. However, this response was lost when mutations that abolished the binding of the E box to its transcription factors were introduced. Using adenoviral overexpression of a dominant-negative form of adipocyte determination and differentiation factor 1 (ADD1), a transcription factor that binds to the insulin-responsive E box, we demonstrated that ADD1 was required for Ang II regulation of the FAS gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, ADD1 expression was also up-regulated by Ang II. With the use of transfections as well as glucose transport assays, we further demonstrated that Ang II stimulation of the FAS gene was dependent on glucose. In conclusion, this is the first report that Ang II regulates adipocyte FAS gene transcription via insulin response sequences in a glucose-dependent manner and that this regulation is mediated at least in part via the ADD1 transcription factor.
authors.affiliation: University of Tennessee, Nutrition Department and Agricultural Experiment Station, 1215 West Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37996-1900, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dugail
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Standridge
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Claycombe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moustaïd-Moussa
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000804:Angiotensin II; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D005947:Glucose