title: Evolutionary relationships among virulence-associated histidine kinases.
abstract: A strong relationship between virulence-associated sensor histidine kinases of fungi and those in Streptomyces coelicolor was observed, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that bacterium-to-eukaryote horizontal gene transfer had occurred between ancestors of these organisms. Phylogenetic analysis also identified a group of histidine kinases orthologous to the Streptomyces proteins that includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa GacS. We provide evidence that GacS is important for swarming motility, lipase production, and virulence in mice and had evolved to have partial functional overlaps with PhoQ, a less-related virulence-associated histidine kinase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Warrener
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hancock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; D008049:Lipase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C079792:PhoQ protein, Bacteria; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C061064:PhoP protein, Bacteria; D011494:Protein Kinases; C106494:HSL1 protein, S cerevisiae; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; C074165:lemA protein, bacterial; D008049:Lipase