title: Functional imaging of brain activity in conscious monkeys responding to sexually arousing cues.
abstract: Olfactory cues can elicit intense emotional responses. This study used fMRI in male common marmoset monkeys to identify brain areas associated with sexual arousal in response to odors of ovulating female monkeys. Under light anesthesia, monkeys were secured in a specially designed restrainer and positioned in a 9.4 T magnetic resonance spectrometer. When fully conscious, they were presented with the scents of both ovariectomized and ovulating monkeys. The sexually arousing odors of the ovulating monkeys enhanced signal intensity in the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus compared to the odors of ovariectomized monkeys. These data corroborate previous findings in monkeys based on invasive electrical lesion and stimulation techniques and demonstrate the feasibility of using non-invasive functional imaging on fully conscious common marmosets to study cue-elicited emotional responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ferris
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Snowdon
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: T Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ugurbil
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Schultz-Darken
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Tannenbaum
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Vaughan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007025:Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002144:Callithrix; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000502:physiology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000502:physiology; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000502:physiology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012724:Sex Attractants