title: Socioeconomic status and ischemic stroke: The FINMONICA Stroke Register.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been shown that low socioeconomic status is associated with death from stroke. More-detailed data have, however, remained scanty. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association of socioeconomic status with ischemic stroke. Besides mortality, we analyzed the incidence, case-fatality ratio, and prognosis of ischemic stroke events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our population-based study included 6903 first stroke events registered by the FINMONICA Stroke Register in 3 areas of Finland during 1983 to 1992. Indicators of socioeconomic status, such as taxable income and education, were obtained by record linkage of the stroke register data with files of Statistics Finland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence, case-fatality ratio, and mortality rates for ischemic stroke were all inversely related to income. Furthermore, 28 days after the onset of symptoms, a greater proportion of patients with low income than of those with high income was still in institutionalized care and/or in need of help for their activities of daily living. Population-attributable risk of the incidence of first ischemic stroke due to low socioeconomic status was 36% for both sexes. For the death from first ischemic stroke, it was 56% for both sexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Persons with low socioeconomic status have considerable excess rates of morbidity and mortality from ischemic stroke in Finland. A reduction in this excess could markedly decrease the burden of ischemic stroke to the society and thus constitute an important public health improvement.
authors.affiliation: KTL-National Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jakovljević
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarti
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sivenius
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torppa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mähönen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Immonen-Räihä
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaarsalo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alhainen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuulasmaa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puska
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salomaa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D012923:Social Class; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D015996:Survival Rate