title: Pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate for patients with non-reducing disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint: two year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to examine the long-term effect of pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate into the TMJ in patients with non-reducing disc displacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with non-reducing disc displacement underwent pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate (pumping group). Seventy-six patients with non-reducing disc displacements were observed without any active treatment (observation group).
  
  
  METHODS
  In both patient groups clinical signs and symptoms were observed periodically for 2 years. Variables such as age, range of maximum mouth opening, angle of posterior slope of the articular eminence and degenerative bony changes of the condyle at the initial visit were also examined. Cox hazards analysis was applied to examine the clinical outcome for such variables in addition to the results of pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate seemed to have a favourable effect when compared with the control group (untreated) (p = 0.0002). However, the four background variables mentioned could not be explained as predictors of outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pumping injection of sodium hyaluronate seems to be effective for non-reducing disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery I, Tohoku University School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan. shuichi@mail.cc.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oguri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motegi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000145:classification; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000145:classification; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid