Risk factors for esophageal candidiasis in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients treated with nucleoside analogues.
To assess the risk factors for esophageal candidiasis (EC), a cohort study and a case-control study were conducted using 1,368 French patients who were already participating in the Delta trial (which compared different types of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients) and who had no previous history of EC. During a median follow-up period of 19 months, 87 (6%) patients developed EC. The results of the cohort study showed an increased risk of EC associated with a low baseline CD4+ cell count (P<0.0001), a high baseline plasma HIV RNA level (P < 0.0001) and prior zidovudine therapy (P = 0.02) at entry to the study. The case-control study revealed an increased risk of EC in patients with a recent low CD4+ cell count (P < 0.0002), recent antibacterial chemotherapy (P = 0.01) and oral candidiasis (P < 0.05). Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis also increased the risk of EC (P = 0.04) in the case-control study.
Abgrall
S
S
Institut national de santé et de la recherche médicale SC 10, Hĵpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France. abgrall@b3e.jussieu.fr
Charreau
I
I
Joly
V
V
Bloch
J
J
Reynes
J
J
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D019562:Viral Load
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents