title: The endothelium in sepsis: source of and a target for inflammation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss a possible role of the endothelium in sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies published in biomedical journals and our own experimental results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies on endothelial mechanisms in the context of sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in endothelial cells on activation by inflammatory stimuli are reviewed briefly; potential mechanisms that lead to endothelial damage during sepsis are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The endothelium is a key organ involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Dysfunction of or injury to the endothelium may be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure and should be discriminated from activation resulting from stimulation with inflammatory stimuli. Identification of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to endothelial dysfunction or damage is likely to provide novel targets for the treatment of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeerleder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000276:immunology; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000276:immunology; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D011486:Protein C / Q000276:immunology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011486:Protein C; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D009569:Nitric Oxide