title: Molecular cytogenetic analysis of glial tumors using spectral karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glial tumors are the most common tumors of the central nervous system, affecting individuals of all ages. Conventional cytogenetics have been unable to identify a consistent chromosomal translocation or rearrangement in this group of tumors; thus, more advanced molecular cytogenetic approaches are required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, 16 glial tumors, including two recurrences and six glioma cell lines, were analyzed by spectral karyotyping (SKY) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). From 169 rearrangements detected by SKY, chromosomes 1 and 10 were the most frequently affected by translocation (18 of 169 and 16 of 169 rearrangements, respectively). Other frequently altered chromosomes included chromosomes 3 (13 of 169 rearrangements), 5 (ten of 169 rearrangements), 7 (ten of 169 rearrangements ), and 11 (ten of 169 rearrangements). A clustering of centromeric breakpoints was detected in chromosomes 3, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, and 20. CGH analysis identified consistent gain of part or all of chromosome 7 among the 10 astrocytic tumors (five of ten specimens) in the study group. Analysis of the three gangliogliomas and one ependymoma identified a much simpler pattern of primarily numerical change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of improved cytogenetic methods can increase our abilities to progress toward effective strategies of molecular diagnosis and classification of glial tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, 610 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9. jeremy.squire@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Squire
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arab
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marrano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bayani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karaskova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rutka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zielenska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D002503:Centromere; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; D003582:Cytogenetics / Q000379:methods; D004806:Ependymoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018303:Ganglioglioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000473:pathology*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured