title: The use of three-dimensional ultrasound for thyroid volumetry.
abstract: Conventional two-dimensional (2-D) ultrasound is the standard method for the investigation of thyroid morphology. Volume calculations need model assumptions and are observer dependent. The present study performed with a commercially available three-dimensional (3-D) system Freescan added to a conventional ultrasound scanner compares the accuracy of conventional thyroid volumetry to several methods of 3-D volume determination. In vitro measurements were performed on thyroid phantoms with known volumes. The standard deviation of the normalized differences was 8.0% (3-D segmentation) and 10.5% (conventional). For the accuracy of volume determination in human thyroids we performed a postmortem study. The thyroid volume was calculated conventionally by the ellipsoid model and by two 3-D methods (segmentation and the newly developed multiplanar volume approximation). The reference volume was determined after resection by submersion. The standard deviation of the normalized differences was 26.9% for the conventional method, 9.7% for 3-D segmentation and 11.5% for the multiplanar volume approximation, showing significant better results for both 3-D methods and no significant difference between the 3-D methods. The 3-D system, therefore, achieves a better accuracy for thyroid volumetry than the conventional volumetry using planar images. In addition, the 3-D images are stored electronically and can be used for follow-up studies.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin der Universität Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schlögl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lassmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Terekhova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muffert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seybold
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reiners
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000592:standards; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography