title: The effects of 2-week ingestion of (--)-hydroxycitrate and (--)-hydroxycitrate combined with medium-chain triglycerides on satiety, fat oxidation, energy expenditure and body weight.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the effect of 2-week supplementation with (--)-hydroxycitrate (HCA) and HCA combined with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on satiety, fat oxidation, energy expenditure (EE) and body weight (BW) loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three intervention periods of 2 weeks separated by washout periods of 4 weeks. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised and cross-over design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven overweight male subjects (mean+/-s.d.; age, 47+/-16 y; body mass index, 27.4 +/- 8.2 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects consumed three self-selected meals and four iso-energetic (420 kJ) snacks daily with either no supplementation (PLA), 500 mg HCA (HCA) or 500 mg HCA and 3 g MCT (HCA+MCT). Each intervention ended with a 36 h stay in the respiration chamber.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant BW loss during the 2 weeks of intervention (PLA, -1.0 +/- 0.4 kg, P<0.05; HCA, -1.5 +/- 0.5 kg, P<0.01; HCA+MCT, -1.3 +/- 0.2 kg, P<0.001), but this reduction was not different between treatments. 24 h EE (PLA, 11.8 +/- 0.2 MJ; HCA, 11.7 +/- 0.1 MJ; HCA+MCT, 11.5 +/- 0.1 MJ), 24 h RQ (0.85 +/- 0.00 in all treatments) and the area under the curve of the appetite-related parameters were not different between treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two-week supplementation with HCA and HCA combined with MCT did not result in increased satiety, fat oxidation, 24 h EE or BW loss compared to PLA, in subjects losing BW.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. E.Kovacs@HB.UNIMAAS.NL
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Westerterp-Plantenga
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002951:Citrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D014280:Triglycerides; C007999:hydroxycitric acid