title: Impact of pain on disability among older Mexican Americans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Joint pain is a very common complaint among elderly persons and may lead to functional disability. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of self-reported pain on weight bearing and its impact on the 2-year incidence of limitation in lower-body activities of daily living (ADL) in initially nondisabled Mexican American elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a probability sample of 2167 noninstitutionalized Mexican American men and women aged 65 or older residing in five Southwestern states. Subjects were asked about pain on weight bearing, ADL, depressive symptomatology, and the presence of chronic diseases. The body mass index was computed using measured height and weight. Finally, a three-task (tandem balance, 8-foot walk, and repeated chair stands), performance-based, lower-body function test was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of pain on weight bearing in the sample was 31.9%, with 37.7% for women versus 24.0% for men (p <.001). The most prevalent sites of pain were knees (14.7%), followed by ankle/feet (12.1%). In a logistic regression analysis, pain was a significant independent predictor of subsequent disability and of the inability to perform tandem balance, 8-foot walk, and repeated chair stands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pain on weight bearing is prevalent among older Mexican Americans and is a major independent risk factor for subsequent disability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0460, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Snih
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Markides
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Goodwin
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001168:Arthritis / Q000150:complications; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D017058:Mexican Americans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015206:Southwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D016474:Weight-Bearing