title: Clinicopathological factors predicting outcome after resection of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma differs according to macroscopic type. The identification of clinical and pathological features that predict outcome in patients with mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is required in order to determine optimal surgical strategies for patients with this type of tumour.
  
  
  METHODS
  The details of 35 patients with resected mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas were analysed retrospectively. Univariate analysis of potential prognostic factors was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years after operation was 58, 33 and 33 per cent respectively. Patients with stage II tumours had a better outcome than those with advanced stage tumours. By univariate analysis, lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, intrahepatic satellite lesions and microscopic resection margin involvement were found to be highly significant variables and were identified as possible risk factors for a poor outcome after operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When frozen-section examination of lymph nodes reveals negative nodal metastasis, extensive anatomical hepatic resection is indicated for mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Intraoperative frozen-section examination of the resection margin to confirm the absence of cancer cells is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. m6877710@msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uenishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome