title: Plant growth inhibiting flavonoids in exudate of Cistus ladanifer and in associated soils.
abstract: Of the aglycone flavonoids identified in the exudate of cistus ladanifer, two, the flavone apigenin-4'-(O)-methyl and the flavonol kaempferol-3,7-di(O)-methyl inhibit development of the seedlings of Rumex crispus at 0.5 and 1 mM. Additive effects were observed between the major flavonols of the exudate kaempferol-3-(O)-methyl and kaempferol-3,7-di-(O)-methyl in inhibiting the size of the cotyledons and delaying the germination and cotyledon emergence. The presence of apigenin-4'-(O)-methyl, kaempferol-3,7-di-(O)-methyl, and kaempferol-3-(O)-methyl was detected in the soils associated with C. ladanifer during the summer and autumn months. That these compounds are present in the soil and are not restricted to the leaves provides support for the hypothesis that C. ladanifer has allelopathic potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06080 Badajoz, Spain. natchalo@unex.es
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Escudero
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D029758:Cistus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D044948:Flavonols; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000254:growth & development*; D012621:Seasons; D012987:Soil
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D012987:Soil