title: Effects of flow patterns on endothelial cell migration into a zone of mechanical denudation.
abstract: Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in vivo are subject to different flow conditions due to the variation in vessel geometry. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of different flow conditions on EC monolayer migration into a mechanically denuded zone and their underlying mechanisms. Both laminar and disturbed flows significantly enhanced EC migration. EC migration speed was the fastest under laminar flow, which preferentially promoted directional EC migration from the upstream side of the wounded monolayer. C3 exoenzyme (a Rho inhibitor) inhibited EC migration under static and flow conditions, and markedly reduced the effects of flow on EC migration. These results indicate that flow promotes EC migration through the Rho signaling pathway. Genistein (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) selectively retarded EC migration under disturbed flow, suggesting that tyrosine phosphorylation may play a role in EC migration under disturbed flow. This study has demonstrated that different flow patterns differentially affect EC monolayer migration into the denuded zone involving multiple mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093-0427, USA.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ratcliffe
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000502:physiology; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012212:Rheology / Q000295:instrumentation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019833:Genistein; D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; C063007:exoenzyme C3, Clostridium botulinum; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins