title: Epidemiologic trends in the hospitalization of elderly Medicare patients for pneumonia, 1991-1998.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study determined hospitalization rates of elderly Americans for pneumonia from 1991 through 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiologic data were described for 273,143 pneumonia hospitalizations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Annual hospitalizations for aspiration pneumonia increased by 93.5%. Pneumonia hospitalization rates increased steeply with age, especially among men. Black men were at highest risk for aspiration, unspecified, Klebsiella, "other gram-negative," and staphylococcal pneumonia; White men had the highest Haemophilus and pneumococcal pneumonia rates. Among women, Blacks predominated in aspiration and Klebsiella pneumonia; Whites had the highest Haemophilus and bronchopneumonia rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An epidemic of hospitalization for aspiration pneumonia smoldered over 8 years. Significant disparities existed in hospitalization risks by race, sex, and principal diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Outcomes and Effectiveness Research, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Department of Health and Human Services, 6010 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852-3813, USA. wbaine@ahrq.gov
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Baine
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Summe
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006302:Health Services Research; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007344:Insurance Claim Reporting / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D006278:Medicare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data