title: [Prognostic factors in gallbladder cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most frequent biliary tract lesion but the 5-year survival is less than 5%. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of several clinico-pathological variables on survival in a series of 226 carcinomas of the gallbladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results were retrospectively analyzed and prognostic factors were identified by univariate statistical analysis and Cox regression model. All patients underwent surgery and in 67 of these (29.6%), surgery was potentially curative. In 63 patients (27.9%) diagnosis was made when the resected gallbladder was studied for benign disease. Tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage was 0 in 7 patients (3.1%), stage I in 19 patients (8.4%), stage II in 21 patients (9.3%), stage III in 61 patients (27%) and stage IV in 118 patients (52%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 5-year survival was 17.3%. In the univariate analysis, significant variables were the presence of jaundice, weight loss, palpation of abdominal tumors at diagnosis, surgical technique, TNM stage and the three variables of this system (T: size, N: adenopathies; M: distant metastasis). In the multivariate analysis, the three variables of the TNM system and surgical technique were significantly associated with survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most important prognostic factor was TNM stage. Currently, radical cholecystectomy in stages II and III has become another important prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Médico interno residente de Cirugía, Servicio de Cirugia General del Aparato Digestivo I, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia. ARZRIOS@teleline.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ríos Zambudio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez Bueno
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García Marcilla
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robles Campos
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tamayo Rodríguez
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Balsalobre Salmerón
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parrilla Paricio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate