title: Treatment of arsenic in Bangladesh well water using a household co-precipitation and filtration system.
abstract: Laboratory and field tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a household filtration process and investigate the effects of phosphate and silicate on the removal of arsenic from Bangladesh groundwater by ferric hydroxides. Fe/As ratios of greater than 40 (mg/mg) were required to reduce arsenic to less than 50 microg/L in Bangladesh well water due to the presence of elevated phosphate and silicate concentrations. The household filtration process included co-precipitation of arsenic by adding a packet (approximately 2 g) of ferric and hypochlorite salts to 20 L of well water and subsequent filtration of the water through a bucket sand filter. A field demonstration study was performed to test the treatment system in seven households in Bangladesh in March and April 2000. Experimental results obtained from the participating families proved that the household treatment process removed arsenic from approximately 300 microg/L in the well water to less than 50 microg/L. The participating families liked this simple and affordable process and used it to prepare clean water for drinking and cooking. A larger scale field test is currently underway.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA. xmeng@stevens-tech.edu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Korfiatis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Christodoulatos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001151:Arsenic / Q000737:chemistry*; D001459:Bangladesh; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005374:Filtration; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D012722:Sewage; D017640:Silicates; C021024:ferric hydroxide; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D001151:Arsenic