title: [Rapid detection of drug resistant HIV -1 to reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapies].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate a rapid and sensitive method that can be used to detect emergence of HIV-1 drug resistant viruses in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART).
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV-1 viral RNA was extracted from plasma and amplified by nested RT-PCR. Nucleotide sequences of the reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes were determined by automated DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RT and PR sequences can be reliably determined with a minimum 2,000 copies/ml of viral RNA in plasma. Emergence of drug resistant viruses can he detected as soon as it reached to > 25% of the total viral populations. By using this method, drug-resistant viral populations were found to correlate with rebound of viral RNA level after prolonged antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This rapid and sensitive HIV-1 genotyping method can be used to predict and confirm emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance in HIV-infected patients receiving HAART.
authors.affiliation: Children's Memorial Institute for Education and Research, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kabat
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease