title: Altered inhibition of motor responses in Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (TS) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) have been shown to display impaired cognitive and motor inhibition. This study investigated inhibitory mechanisms of motor responses in order to expand the understanding of sensorimotor integration processes in both disorders. We hypothesized that both patient groups would display altered frontal inhibitory activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  To this end event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded in a STOP-paradigm in groups of TS and OCD patients and in a control group. The paradigm required the execution of a motor response after a "go" signal was given and the occasional suppression of this response after a second "stop" signal occurred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Behavioral parameters and Lateralized Readiness Potential (LRP) confirmed that both patient groups were well able to initiate motor responses. "Go" and "stop" stimuli elicited an enhanced frontal negative activity in both patient groups. In addition, "stop" stimuli were associated with a frontal shift of the NoGo-Anteriorization (NGA) in the TS group but not in the OCD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data are interpreted to indicate altered frontal inhibitory functions. Similarities and dissimilarities between the findings for TS and OCD are discussed with respect to other pathophysiologic aspects of the disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychology, Otto-von-Guericke Universität, Magdeburg, Germany. johannes.soenke@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johannes
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Wieringa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mantey
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nager
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rada
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Müller-Vahl
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Emrich
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dengler
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Münte
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*