title: SODA (severity of dyspepsia assessment): a new effective outcome measure for dyspepsia-related health.
abstract: The aim of this research was to develop and evaluate an instrument for measuring dyspepsia-related health to serve as the primary outcome measure for randomized clinical trials. Building on our previous work we developed SODA (Severity of Dyspepsia Assessment), a multidimensional dyspepsia measure. We evaluated SODA by administering it at enrollment and seven follow-up visits to 98 patients with dyspepsia who were randomized to a 6-week course of omeprazole versus placebo and followed over 1 year. The mean age was 53 years, and six patients (6%) were women. Median Cronbach's alpha reliability estimates over the eight visits for the SODA Pain Intensity, Non-Pain Symptoms, and Satisfaction scales were 0.97, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively. The mean change scores for all three scales discriminated between patients who reported they were improved versus those who were unchanged, providing evidence of validity. The effect sizes for the Pain Intensity (.98) and Satisfaction (.87) scales were large, providing evidence for responsiveness. The effect size for the Non-Pain Symptoms scale was small (.24), indicating lower responsiveness in this study sample. SODA is a new, effective instrument for measuring dyspepsia-related health. SODA is multidimensional and responsive to clinically meaningful change with demonstrated reliability and validity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR & D) Field Program, the VA Rehabilitation R&D Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. rabeneck@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rabeneck
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wristers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Souchek
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Menke
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Wray
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D009853:Omeprazole