title: [Severe forms of leptospirosis: clinical, demographic and environmental aspects].
abstract: Characteristics of 1,016 patients hospitalized with leptospirosis in the Hospital Couto Maia, Salvador, BA, Brazil, between 1993 and 1997 are described. Higher pluviometric precipitation was related to an increase in the number of hospitalizations during the following month. Males corresponded to 81.1% (824/1,016) of these; mean age was 35.7+/-15.4 years. Almost 94% (778/829) of the 829 patients with information about race were black or mulatto (mixed race). For ages 18 years or above, almost 93% had not completed high school level. The mean incubation period was estimated as 6.3+/-3.9 days. Average duration of symptoms was 6.1+/-2.4 days. Hemorrhagic events corresponded to 14.3% (145/1,016). The case-fatality rate among 1,009 patients that were not transferred was 14.2% (143/1,009). Renal failure was the attributable cause of death in 76.2% (109/143). The data indicate that leptospirosis is closely related to lower socioeconomic levels, and that higher pluviometric precipitation antecedes the outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Couto Maia, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sacramento
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D011891:Rain; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D012720:Severity of Illness Index