title: Multicentre controlled trial of parenting groups for childhood antisocial behaviour in clinical practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To see whether a behaviourally based group parenting programme, delivered in regular clinical practice, is an effective treatment for antisocial behaviour in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled trial with permuted block design with allocation by date of referral.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four local child and adolescent mental health services.
  
  
  METHODS
  141 children aged 3-8 years referred with antisocial behaviour and allocated to parenting groups (90) or waiting list control (51).
  
  
  METHODS
  Webster-Stratton basic videotape programme administered to parents of six to eight children over 13-16 weeks. This programme emphasises engagement with parental emotions, rehearsal of behavioural strategies, and parental understanding of its scientific rationale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semistructured parent interview and questionnaires about antisocial behaviour in children administered 5-7 months after entering trial; direct observation of parent-child interaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Referred children were highly antisocial (above the 97th centile on interview measure). Children in the intervention group showed a large reduction in antisocial behaviour; those in the waiting list group did not change (effect size between groups 1.06 SD (95% confidence interval 0.71 to 1.41), P<0.001). Parents in the intervention group increased the proportion of praise to ineffective commands they gave their children threefold, while control parents reduced it by a third (effect size between groups 0.76 (0.16 to 1.36), P=0.018). If the 31 children lost to follow up were included in an intention to treat analysis the effect size on antisocial behaviour was reduced by 16%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenting groups effectively reduce serious antisocial behaviour in children in real life conditions. Follow up is needed to see if the children's poor prognosis is improved and criminality prevented.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF. s.scott@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Spender
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doolan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aspland
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014741:Video Recording