title: Human papillomaviruses 6/11, 16/18 and 31/33/51 are not associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly HPV type 16, 18, 31 and 33 (an important aetiological factor in squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, of the anogenital region) in SCC of the urinary bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen SCC from the urinary bladder were evaluated using non-isotopic in situ hybridization with a sensitive detection system for the presence of high-risk HPV 16/18, or 31/33/51, and for HPV6/11, a low-risk type commonly found in condylomata. Previously published studies were also reviewed and assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No high-risk HPV was found in any of the SCC of the bladder evaluated. Previous reports identified nine HPV-positive SCC of a total of 105, including the present series. In four of these positive cases, HPV types were found that are considered a high risk in anogenital carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the present and previous results, we conclude that HPV has no major role in the pathogenesis of SCC of the urinary bladder.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Pathology, Dordrecht, Jkvr. van den Santheuvelweg 2a, 3317 NL Dordrecht, The Netherlands. pwestenend@paldordt.com
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Westenend
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stoop
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hendriks
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*