The bromodomain: a chromatin browser?
Reversible modification of histone tails is a regulatory step in chromatin remodeling. The N-terminal tails of histones are signaling platforms that carry amino acid residues for post-translational modification and contribute to chromosomal higher order structure. These modifications are performed by a number of chromatin modulators such as histone (h) acetyltransferase, h-deacetylase, h-methyltransferase and h-kinase. Large numbers of these enzymes as well as other chromatin-associated proteins share the bromodomain, a signature protein motif. Structural studies reveal not only wide structural conservation of bromodomains but also envision a possible role of this domain in the recognition of specific modified residues in the histone tails. The widespread presence of bromodomains in leukemogenic and cancer genes has provided a fundamental tool for studies of the role of epigenetic and chromatin remodeling in malignant diseases.
Filetici
P
P
Centro Acidi Nucleici CNR, Università "La Sapienza", P.le A.Moro 5,00185 Roma, Italy. patrizia.filetici@uniroma1.it
P
O
O
Ballario
P
P
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000502:physiology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002843:Chromatin; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C002315:N(alpha)-acetyllysine; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D008239:Lysine