title: Nimodipine promotes regeneration and functional recovery after intracranial facial nerve crush.
abstract: The calcium flow inhibitor, nimodipine, has been shown to promote motor neuron survival in the facial nucleus after intracranial facial nerve transection. However, it has not been known whether the neuroprotective effects primarily involve survival of nerve cell bodies or outgrowth and/or myelination of nerve fibers. Here, we studied the effects of nimodipine in a different injury model in which the facial nerve was unilaterally crushed intracranially. This lesion caused complete anterograde degeneration and partial retrograde degeneration that were studied with a combination of several stereological methods. Nimodipine did not attenuate the modest lesion-induced neuronal loss (13%) but accelerated the time course of functional recovery and axonal regrowth, inducing increased numbers and sizes of myelinated axons in the facial nerve. It is interesting to note that nimodipine also enlarged the axons and the myelin sheaths in the nonlesioned facial nerve, which points to the possibility of using this substance for new clinical applications to promote axonal growth and remyelination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. per.mattsson@ks.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aldskogius
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D002452:Cell Count; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009409:Nerve Crush; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000502:physiology; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D009553:Nimodipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014738:Vibrissae / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D009553:Nimodipine