title: Cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) protects the K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line from apoptosis induced by BCR/ABL inhibition, cytotoxic drugs, and gamma-irradiation.
abstract: Integrin-mediated cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) components is an important determinant of chemotherapeutic response of human myeloma cells. Here, we demonstrate that when K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells are adhered to fibronectin (FN), they become resistant to apoptosis induced by the BCR/ABL inhibitors AG957 and STI-571, as well as DNA damaging agents and gamma-irradiation. This phenomenon, termed cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR), was induced by adhesion through the alpha5beta1 (VLA-5) integrin. Phosphotyrosine analysis demonstrates that anti-apoptotic signaling through integrins in K562 cells is independent of the tyrosine kinases activated by BCR/ABL, with the possible exception of an unknown 80 kDa protein. Cytoprotection of FN-adhered CML cells indicates that tumor-ECM interactions may be critical for the emergence of drug-resistant tumor populations and treatment failure in this disease. Antagonists of beta1 integrin-mediated adhesion or corresponding signal transduction elements may sensitize CML cells to chemotherapy and prevent resistance to the novel BCR/ABL kinase inhibitors being used for the treatment of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Tampa 33612, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Damiano
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hazlehurst
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Dalton
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D016313:Genes, abl / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin