title: Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor stimulates migration of rat mammary fibroblasts through both mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathways.
abstract: Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is considered to be a mesenchymal-derived factor that acts via a dual system receptor, consisting of the MET receptor and proteoglycans present on adjacent epithelial cells. Surprisingly, HGS/SF stimulated the migration of rat mammary (Rama) 27 fibroblasts, although it failed to stimulate their proliferation. HGF/SF stimulated a transient activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p44 and p42 (p42/44(MAPK)), with a maximum level of dual phosphorylation of p42/44(MAPK) occurring 10-15 min after the addition of the growth factor, which was followed by a rapid decrease to near basal levels after 20 min. Interestingly, a second phase of p42/44(MAPK) dual phosphorylation was observed at later times (3 h to 10 h). PD098059, a specific inhibitor of MEK-1, prevented the dual phosphorylation of p42/44(MAPK) and also the phosphorylation of p90(RSK) (ribosomal subunit S6 kinase), which mirrored the kinetics of p42/44(MAPK) phosphorylation. Moreover, PD098059 prevented the HGF/SF-induced migration of Rama 27 cells. HGF/SF also induced an early increase in the phosphorylation of protein kinase B/Akt. Akt phosphorylation was elevated 15 min after the addition of HGF/SF and then declined to basal levels by 30 min. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K), prevented the increase in Akt phosphorylation and abolished HGF/SF-induced migration of fibroblasts. PD098059 also inhibited the stimulation of Akt phosphorylation by HGF/SF and wortmannin similarly inhibited the stimulation of p42/44(MAPK) dual phosphorylation. These results suggest that HGF/SF-induced motility depends on both the transient dual phosphorylation of p42/44(MAPK) and the activation of PtdIns3K in Rama 27 fibroblasts and that these pathways are mutually dependent.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delehedde
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sergeant
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rudland
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fernig
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D005419:Flavonoids; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000077191:Wortmannin; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one