title: Effects of the Clarion Electrode Positioning System on auditory thresholds and comfortable loudness levels in pediatric patients with cochlear implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of using the Electrode Positioning System on psychophysical auditory thresholds, most comfortable loudness levels, and electric auditory brainstem response (EABR) thresholds in children with the Clarion version 1.2 cochlear implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical records of a series of 25 children who received the Clarion version 1.2 cochlear implant at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, between January 1997 and August 1999 were examined. Measures evaluated were psychophysical thresholds (T-levels) and most comfortable loudness levels (M-levels) obtained at the 3-month posthookup audiologic evaluation and EABR thresholds obtained during implant surgery. Relevant threshold measures were available for 24 patients, 11 of whom had received the Clarion spiral electrode and electrode positioner (EP group) and 13 of whom had received the spiral electrode without positioner (non-EP group). The 3 measures (T-levels, M-levels, and EABR thresholds) were compared across groups. In addition, EABR thresholds were compared with T-levels and M-levels within groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean T-levels and M-levels were significantly lower for the EP group than for the non-EP group, and interpatient variability for these measures was considerably smaller in the EP group. Electric auditory brainstem response thresholds were not significantly different for EP vs non-EP patients; however, EABR data were available for only a few non-EP patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of the electrode positioner results in lower T-levels and M-levels in children with the Clarion version 1.2 cochlear implant, consistent with results of previous studies in adults, and reduces across-patient variability for these measures. It is unclear from the present data whether use of the electrode positioner systematically reduces intraoperative EABR thresholds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA. donal005@tc.umn.edu
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Rimell
mesh_terms: D001309:Auditory Threshold; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D012189:Retrospective Studies