title: Clinical significance of CDC25A and CDC25B expression in squamous cell carcinomas of the oesophagus.
abstract: CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C belong to a family of protein phosphatases which activate the cyclin-dependent kinase at different points of the cell cycle. According to accumulating evidence, CDC25A and CDC25B seem to possess oncogenic properties. We have analysed these expressions by immunohistochemistry, western blot and RT-PCR in a series of 100 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. When compared with non-cancerous cells, CDC25A and CDC25B were strongly expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells, with positive (+) classification in 46% (46 cases) and 48% (48 cases), respectively. There was no significant correlation between CDC25A and CDC25B expression, nor was there any association with the expression of other cell cycle-regulating molecules, including cyclin D1, Rb, p16(INK4), p27(KIP1)and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). CDC25A (+), as well as CDC25B (+), was more frequently found in patients with deeper tumour invasion and lymph node metastasis, while tumour size was correlated only with CDC25A expression. Postoperative survival was significantly poorer for CDC25A (+) patients than CDC25A (-) patients, but was not affected by the CDC25B status. Nuclear localization of CDC25A was observed in 51 cases (51%), regardless of its cytoplasmic expression, and was not associated with clinico-pathological factors or prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed only the CDC25A status to be an independent significant prognostic factor among these biological and clinico-pathological factors. CDC25A but not CDC25B may be a new prognostic factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Thus, regulation of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle may be important in oesophageal carcinogenesis, which may also involve many other oncogenes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2-E2, Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Doki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiozaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shamma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C517004:CDC25A protein, human; C517008:CDC25B protein, human; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases