title: Patient and staff dosimetry problems in interventional radiology.
abstract: Interventional radiology has developed into a dynamic part of radiology over the past twenty years, combining diagnostic and therapeutic methods. On the other hand, it is associated with high radiation doses to patient and staff, due to extended fluoroscopy times and the large number of radiographs. Also, occupational exposures from interventional radiology procedures have a tendency to be greater than other radiological examinations. The need for measuring and evaluating patient and staff doses is apparent. However, dose estimations depend on a large number of factors making these procedures very complex. The aim of this study is to review all the different approaches that appear in the literature on this matter, to delineate the different dosimetry protocols that are proposed and to focus on the practical problems that arise when an evaluation or comparison of dosimetry results is attempted.
authors.affiliation: Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 356 Syngrou Ave, 17674 Kallithea, Athens, Greece. vtsapaki@hotmail.com
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsapaki
mesh_terms: D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D011874:Radiometry; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects