title: Developmental toxicity evaluation of 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid in Sprague Dawley (CD) rats.
abstract: 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), proposed as a formaldehyde substitute in the treatment of permanent press fabrics, was evaluated for developmental toxicity. Timed-mated CD rats (25 per group) received BTCA 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day or vehicle (deionized/distilled water) by gavage on gestational days (gd) 6 through 19. Maternal feed and water consumption, body weight, and clinical signs were monitored throughout gestation. At termination (gd 20), confirmed-pregnant females (21 to 25 per group) were evaluated for clinical status and gestational outcome; live fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal malformations. One maternal death, reduced body weight, and reduced weight gain were noted at the high dose; confirmed pregnancy rates were 84 to 100% for each group. There were no treatment-related effects on fetal growth, survival, or morphologic development. The maternal toxicity NOAEL and LOAEL are 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. The developmental toxicity NOAEL is > or = 1000 mg/kg/day, and the LOAEL was not established in this study.
authors.affiliation: Center for Life Sciences and Toxicology, Chemistry and Life Sciences, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA. jdg01@rti.org
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marr
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Jahnke
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced; D005328:Fetal Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D020567:Fetal Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D013859:Thiocarbamates; C063247:bis(trifluoroethyl)carbamodithioic acid