title: Induction and treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome--lessons from animal models.
abstract: The diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is based on a combination of clinical and serological criteria. This review summarizes the literature regarding animal models of APS. Animal models of this syndrome help to elucidate pathogenic roles of the characteristic antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnancy morbidity, vascular thrombosis, neurologic disease and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, these models also provide measures to evaluate novel therapies for APS. These include bone-marrow transplantation, intravenous immunoglobulin, anticoagulation, interleukin-3, in addition to other therapies. Experimental induction and treatment of APS largely contributes to our understanding of the disease and to better management of its clinical characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine B and Center of Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. Shoenfel@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shoenfeld
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blank
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sherer
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000276:immunology*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000276:immunology; D020274:Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid