title: Comparison of pattern recognition techniques for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to evaluate three pattern recognition methods for use in the identification of lactic acid bacteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lactic acid bacteria (21 unknown isolates and 30 well-characterized strains), including the Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus and Oenococcus genera, were tested for 49 phenotypic responses (acid production on carbon sources). The results were scored in several ways. Three procedures, k-nearest neighbour analysis (KNN), k-means clustering and fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM), were applied to the data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  k-Nearest neighbour analysis performed better with five-point-scaled than with binary data, indicating that intermediate values are helpful to classification. k-Means clustering performed slightly better than KNN and was best with fuzzified data. The best overall results were obtained with FCM. Genus level classification was best with FCM using an exponent of 1.25.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The three pattern recognition methods offer some advantages over other approaches to organism classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science & Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dalezios
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Siebert
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011336:Probability
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid