title: The source of early IFN-gamma that plays a role in Th1 priming.
abstract: When naive CD4 T cells are primed, they rapidly differentiate into polarized Th1 and/or Th2 phenotypes. A major factor in producing such polarization is the early production of cytokines (IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the case of Th1 cells and IL-4 in the case of Th2 cells). One issue that remains unresolved is the source of the early IFN-gamma that synergizes with IL-12 to fully polarize CD4 T cells into Th1 cells. We have examined this question by injecting mice with anti-CD3 and examining cells from normal and various MHC-knockout mice. We found that IFN-gamma is induced rapidly in a small subset of CD8 T cells. This subset is absent in mice that lack beta2-microglobulin, but not in K(b)D(b)-double-knockout mice, indicating that these CD8 T cells are dependent on nonclassical MHC class Ib molecules. The early burst of IFN-gamma polarizes CD4 T cells toward Th1 cells, in part by stimulating the release of IL-12 from APC. We also use TAP- and CD1-knockout mice to show that such cells are not CD1-restricted NK T cells, nor are they dependent on TAP-1 transport for surface expression of the relevant MHC class Ib molecule. Therefore, they arise on MHC class Ib molecules that do not depend on TAP-1 transporters.
authors.affiliation: Section of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheridan
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Janeway
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000502:physiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017252:CD3 Complex; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma