title: Use of sertraline, paroxetine and fluvoxamine by nursing women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pharmacological treatment of depression in nursing women requires information on the magnitude of medication exposure to the infant that may occur through breast milk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine serum concentrations of antidepressants in infants exposed to these medications through breast-feeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal and infant serum concentrations of sertraline, paroxetine and fluvoxamine were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (limit of detection=1 ng/ml).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No detectable medication was present in any infant exposed to paroxetine (n=16) or fluvoxamine (n=4). Among infants exposed to sertraline (n=30), detectable medication was present in 24% of serum samples. A significant negative correlation was found between infant age and infant serum concentration. Sertraline was significantly more likely to be detected in an infant if the mother's daily dose was 100 mg or higher. No adverse sequelae occurred in any infant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that paroxetine, fluvoxamine and sertraline produce minimal exposure to infants when taken by nursing mothers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hendrick
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Altshuler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Widawski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wertheimer
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Brunhuber
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D016666:Fluvoxamine / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000097:blood*; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020280:Sertraline / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016666:Fluvoxamine; D017374:Paroxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D020280:Sertraline