Neck and whole-body scanning with 5-mCi dose of (123)I as diagnostic tracer in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a 5-mCi dose of 123I can be used as an effective radiotracer for assessing the presence of remnant thyroid tissue and for searching for metastatic lesions in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer as well as to attempt to ascertain whether a scan performed only at 4 hours is sufficient for accurate diagnosis and might replace the conventional protocol of scanning at both 4 hours and 24 hours.


METHODS
We prospectively studied 27 patients who had undergone near-total thyroidectomy and had a documented diagnosis of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Patients underwent scanning after receiving a 5-mCi dose of 123I, at a time when they had discontinued thyroid replacement therapy and had a thyrotropin level in excess of 30 mIU/mL. Whole-body images at 4 hours and 24 hours were obtained and were compared with posttherapy scans obtained 5 to 7 days after administration of 131I. Scans were interpreted by two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians.


RESULTS
Of the 27 patients, 2 (7.4%) showed discordance between the 123I scan performed at 24 hours and the posttherapy 131I scan. When 4-hour images after administration of 123I were compared with the posttherapy 131I scans, a discordance rate of 14.8% (4 of 27 patients) was noted. In addition, two of these four patients showed lesions on the 24-hour images that were not seen on the 4-hour images (one with new lung metastatic involvement and the other with a local recurrence in the lower neck area). The prognosis and treatment of these two patients were substantially changed by the result of the 24-hour images.


CONCLUSIONS
On comparison of scans obtained after administration of a 5-mCi dose of 123I with those obtained after 131I therapy, we conclude that 5 mCi of 123I produces images that have excellent quality and resolution and also compare favorably with those obtained after 131I therapy. Furthermore, a decrease in the dose of 123I from 10 mCi to 5 mCi lowered the cost of the study without compromising the diagnostic accuracy or image quality. Finally, use of 24-hour images will occasionally disclose additional areas of radioiodine uptake not detected on the 4-hour scans and is therefore recommended.
Gulzar
Z
Z
Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
Jana
S
S
Young
I
I
Bukberg
P
P
Yen
V
V
Naddaf
S
S
Abdel-Dayem
H M
HM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013972:Thyrotropin