title: Randomized comparison of a novel anticoagulant, vasoflux, and heparin as adjunctive therapy to streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction: results of the VITAL study (Vasoflux International Trial for Acute Myocardial Infarction Lysis).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vasoflux is a low-molecular-weight heparin derivative that inhibits factor IXa activation of factor X and catalyzes fibrin-bound thrombin inactivation by heparin cofactor II. We studied whether vasoflux improves the results of thrombolysis with streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We randomized 277 patients with acute myocardial infarction to standard intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) or intravenous vasoflux 1, 4, 8, or 16 mg/kg as a bolus followed by 1, 4, 8, or 16 mg/kg per hour infusion, on top of streptokinase and aspirin, until angiography at 90 minutes. Patency and corrected Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count were studied at 60 and 90 minutes. Rates of TIMI grade 3 flow with vasoflux at any dose (35% to 42%) were not different from UFH (41%) at either time point, nor was the corrected TIMI frame count. However, there was an excess of bleeding in the patients randomized to vasoflux 8 or 16 mg/kg: 78% and 71%, compared with 53% for UFH (P =.004 and.043, respectively). Major bleeding was observed in 13% and 28% at these vasoflux doses compared with 8% with UFH (P =.558 and.01, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At doses that increase the risk of bleeding, the addition of vasoflux to streptokinase and aspirin did not lead to improved patency rates compared with UFH. Targeting factor IXa and heparin cofactor II may not be a useful adjunct to thrombolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. R.J.Peters@AMC.UVA.NL
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Spickler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Théroux
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Molhoek
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Weitz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirsh
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002170:Canada; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009426:Netherlands; D009520:New Zealand; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013300:Streptokinase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; C117481:Vasoflux; D006493:Heparin; D013300:Streptokinase; D001241:Aspirin