title: Pan-trk inhibition decreases metastasis and enhances host survival in experimental models as a result of its selective induction of apoptosis of prostate cancer cells.
abstract: During the progression of prostate cancer, molecular changes occur resulting in the autocrine production of a series of neurotrophins by the malignant cells. This is coupled with expression of high-affinity cognate receptors for these ligands, termed trk receptors, by these cancer cells. The binding of the neurotrophins to their trk receptors activates the receptor's latent tyrosine kinase activity inducing a series of signal transduction pathways within these prostate cancer cells. These molecular changes result in the acquisition by prostate cancer cells of a restricted requirement for these trk signaling pathways for optimal survival. CEP-701 is an indolocarbazole compound specifically designed as a potent inhibitor (IC(50), 4 nM) of the tyrosine kinase activity of the trk receptors required for initiation of these survival pathways. In the present studies, the consequences of CEP-701 inhibition of these trk signaling survival pathways were tested in vivo using both rat (R3327 AT 6.3 and H) and human (TSU-pr1 and CWR-22Rv1) prostatic cancer models. These in vivo studies demonstrated that treatment with CEP-701 inhibits the growth of both rodent and human prostate cancers, without being toxic to the normal tissue including the host prostate. Because of this selective effect, CEP-701 inhibits metastasis and growth of both primary and metastatic sites of prostate cancer. Based upon this profile, long-term survival studies were performed using the slow-growing Dunning H rat prostate cancer model. For these latter studies, the dosing regimen was 10 mg CEP-701/kg/dose twice a day via gavage 5 days a week. This regimen maintains CEP-701 tumor tissue concentrations of 25-50 nM. Such chronic dosing increased (P < 0.001) the median survival of rats bearing the slow growing H prostate cancers from 408 days (395-432 days, 95% confidence interval) for the vehicle group (n = 18) to 566 days (497-598 days, 95% confidence interval) for the CEP-701-treated group (n = 24).
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Bunting-Blaustein Building, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Weeraratna
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Dalrymple
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Denmeade
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miknyoczki
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dionne
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Isaacs
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005663:Furans; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002227:Carbazoles; D005663:Furans; D007211:Indoles; C119379:lestaurtinib; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen