title: Searching for balanced hybrid NO-donor 1,4-dihydropyridines with basic properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Model compounds containing NO-donor furoxan moieties at the 3-positioned basic lateral chain of 1, a 1,4-dihydropyridine related to nicardipine, were synthesized in order to study their vasodilating activity as well as their basic and lipophilic behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the compounds were obtained by a modified Hantzsch approach. Potentiometry was used to determine pKa and lipophilicity descriptors. The furoxan 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridines were assessed for their ability to release nitrite, in the presence of a large excess of cysteine, by the Griess reaction. Vasodilating activity of the products in the absence and in the presence of ODQ, a well-known guanylate cyclase inhibitor, was evaluated on rat thoracic aorta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The compounds display low basicity values and for this reason their log Ds at physiological pH are identical to the log Ps of the neutral forms. Products 2, 3 display vasodilating action principally dependent on their Ca2+-antagonist properties, whereas 4 behaves as a well-balanced hybrid with mixed Ca2+-channel blocker and NO-dependent vasodilator activities. CONCLUSIONS. Nitrogen containing lateral chain at the 3-position of 1 is a suitable molecular region to be modified in order to obtain well-balanced furoxan NO-donor 1,4-DHPs. This manipulation produces a decrease in the basicity. General analysis of pKa and lipophilicity descriptors of these new DHPs suggest that molecular flexibility could influence both their basicity and log PI.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boschi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caron
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Visentin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Stilo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rolando
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fruttero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C038806:1,4-dihydropyridine; D009529:Nicardipine