title: Apoptosis as an independent prognostic indicator in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
abstract: Apoptosis plays a crucial role in determining net cell proliferation and cell turnover in various tumors. The rate of apoptosis in tumor cells has been reported to be a useful prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma. We examined apoptosis in 72 specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) digoxigenin-nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. We examined correlation of apoptosis with outcome, clinicopathological features, and expression of the apoptosis-related proteins p53 and Bcl-2. The percentage of apoptotic cells, or apoptotic index (AI), ranged from 0.8 to 9.4 (mean: 3.47; SD: 2.02). Overall, 5-year survival of patients with high AI (AI > or = 5.0; n = 18) tumors was significantly higher than that of patients with low AI tumors (AI < 5.0; n = 58; 76.9% versus 44.9%; P = 0.042). AI did not correlate significantly with the clinicopathological features of patient age and sex, depth of tumor and histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, or venous invasion. In p53-negative tumors, the AI was significantly higher than in p53-positive tumors. We concluded that AI may be a useful prognostic indicator in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following curative surgery, and that apoptosis in this tumor is related to relative underexpression of p53 protein.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan. shibata@me.ndmc.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53