title: Hair-bearing temporoparietal fascial flap reconstruction of upper lip and scalp defects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The temporoparietal fascial flap has proven to be a versatile flap for a broad spectrum of reconstructive problems in the head and neck. The temporoparietal fascial flap is a thin, pliable layer of richly vascularized tissue that may be transferred either pedicled or free and alone or as a carrier of subjacent bone or overlying skin and scalp.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience using a hair-bearing temporoparietal fascial flap for reconstruction in 6 male patients with extensive upper lip and scalp defects, including a discussion of the surgical anatomy and technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temporoparietal fascial flaps with overlying scalp were used as pedicled and free flaps for the reconstruction of upper lip and scalp defects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All reconstructive results were satisfactory. Oral competence, measured by both speech and mastication performance, was achieved in patients with upper lip defects. Healthy scalp coverage was obtained in patients with local defects. The cosmetic appearance was satisfactory to all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ideal reconstruction of large upper lip and scalp defects is achieved with local tissue that best mimics the normal face color, texture, and hair-bearing qualities. Hair-bearing temporoparietal fascial flaps possess these characteristics and are an excellent choice for the restoration of function and aesthetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hadlock
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Varvares
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cheney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000505:Alopecia / Q000601:surgery; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D006197:Hair / Q000637:transplantation; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000601:surgery; D012535:Scalp / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps