Pitx1 and Pitx2c are required for ectopic cement gland formation in Xenopus laevis.
The mucus secreting cement gland is the anterior-most ectodermal organ of the Xenopus embryo. The homeobox genes Pltx1 and Pitx2c are expressed in the cement gland primordium. Misexpression of both genes induced ectopic cement gland tissue in whole embryos and transcription of the marker genes Xag1 and Xag2 in animal cap explant cultures. Antisense morpholino oligonucleotides against Pitx1 and Pitx2c inhibited ectopic cement gland formation induced by otx2. Gene knock downs generated by morpholino oligonucleotides were specific and could be rescued by coinjection of Pitx mRNAs. These data demonstrate for the first time the requirement of specific genes for cement gland formation by loss-of-function experiments. genesis 30:144--148, 2001.
Schweickert
A
A
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Deissler
K
K
Blum
M
M
Steinbeisser
H
H
D000818:Animals; D002828:Choristoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005801:Genes, Homeobox / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics*; D000097577:Homeobox Protein PITX2
D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D000097577:Homeobox Protein PITX2; C497661:Otx2 protein, Xenopus; C101485:homeobox protein PITX1