title: Continuous intra-jugular venous blood-gas monitoring with the Paratrend 7 during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: We measured the accuracy of the continuous intra-vascular blood-gas monitoring system (Paratrend 7, PT7) placed in the jugular venous bulb in 18 adult patients having cardiac or aortic surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). After induction of anaesthesia, a PT7 sensor was inserted through a 20-gauge venous catheter into the right jugular venous bulb. Blood samples were drawn from the venous catheter and measured with a blood gas analyser (BGA). Five to eight paired measurements using the PT7 and blood samples were made per patient, and bias and precision were calculated for each patient using the Bland-Altman method. The ranges for the blood sample measurements were: pH 7.12 to 7.59, PCO(2) 3.7 to 9.6 kPa, PO(2) 3.5 to 16.0 kPa, oxygen saturation 40 to 99%, bicarbonate 18.6 to 34.4 mmol l(-1), and base excess -7.8 to 12.5 mmol l(-1). Bias and precision values were 0.014/0.071 for pH, 0/0.90 kPa for PCO(2), and -0.16/1.18 kPa for PO(2). These values were comparable with those previously made on arterial blood. However, precision for oxygen saturation in each patient varied 2.3 to 23.6% (95% CI: 6.3 to 12.9%), which was unsatisfactory for clinical measurements. Deep hypothermia ( approximately 19.6 degrees C) and marked haemodilution ( approximately 13.5%) during CPB did not influence the reliability of the PT7 sensor. Thus, we concluded that continuous intra-jugular venous blood-gas monitoring is clinically feasible using the PT7 and may provide valuable information during CPB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8150, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oohashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shibue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen