title: The impact of indoor residual spraying with malathion on malaria in refugee camps in eastern Sudan.
abstract: An exploratory trial of the efficacy of indoor spraying with malathion on morbidity and mortality in refugee camps in eastern Sudan was conducted during the rainy season of 1997. The interior walls of houses from a randomly selected group of five camps were sprayed with malathion in mid-September and morbidity and mortality rates in the camps for the months October to December compared with rates in five controls. Pyrethrum spray collection and human landing catches were performed in two collection rounds. An exophagic but endophilic population of Anopheles arabiensis was the most common mosquito collected. The mean human blood index of 242 mosquitoes from eight camps was 0.51. Only two of 1040 mosquitoes examined harboured sporozoites. Blood samples of 83 putative malaria patients were examined for parasites by PCR. Mortality rates in the 3 months following spraying were significantly lower in sprayed camps although differences in clinical malaria incidence between sprayed and non-sprayed camps were not significant.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Malaria e Outros Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Rua da Junqueira 96, 1300, Lisboa, Portugal. dc@bilharziasis.dk
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Charlwood
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qassim
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Elnsur
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrarca
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Billingsley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology; D007306:Insecticides; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000635:transmission; D008294:Malathion; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012036:Refugees; D012621:Seasons; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion