title: Utility of endoscopic ultrasonography in endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts in selected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) on endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and to determine patency with fistula dilation and placement of multiple stents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between September 1995 and January 1999, 19 patients underwent endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts, 17 of whom were assessed by EUS before drainage. Radial EUS scanning was used to detect an optimal site of apposition of pseudocyst and gut wall, free of intervening vessels. A fistula was created with a fistulatome, followed by balloon dilation of the fistula tract. Patency was maintained with multiple double pigtail stents. The primary goal of this retrospective study was to determine whether EUS affected the practice of endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 3 patients, drainage was not attempted based on EUS findings. In the other 13 patients (14 pseudocysts), creation of a fistula was successful on 13 occasions, and no immediate complications occurred. However, 1 patient subsequently developed sepsis that required surgery. All other patients were treated with balloon dilation, multiple stents, and antibiotics, with no septic complications. Of 14 pseudocysts (in 13 patients), 13 (93%) resolved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of EUS may alter management of patients considered for endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. Endoscopic ultrasonography was useful for selecting an optimal and safe drainage site. The combination of balloon dilation, multiple stents, and antibiotics appears to resolve pancreatic pseudocysts without septic complications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Clain
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wiersema
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: DiMagno
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gostout
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010192:Pancreatic Pseudocyst / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*