title: Prognostic relevance of hMLH1, hMSH2, and BAX protein expression in endometrial carcinoma.
abstract: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecologic malignancy in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. A role of mismatch repair genes, like hMLH1 and hMSH2 in their pathogenesis, has been suggested. Loss of their function leads to the accumulation of replication errors (mutator phenotype), which are responsible for further mutations in genes with microsatellite sequences in their coding region, such as Bax. We analyzed the expression of hMLH1, hMSH2, and Bax genes in 89 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded endometrial carcinomas. The immunostains were scored with regard to percentage of positive tumor cells (0%, <10%, 10 to 50%, >50%), and relative staining intensity (1+, 2+, 3+). The staining results were correlated with clinicopathologic features and survival. Loss of hMSH2 expression (0% positive cells) was observed in 1.1% (1/89) of the tumors; loss of hMLH1 was seen in 12.4% (11/89) of the cases, particularly in endometrioid tumors with mucinous differentation (5/11; 45%; P =.03). No significant association was found between the immunoscores and grade, stage criteria of the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO), or age of the patients. Among 11 tumors with loss of Bax expression (12.4%), 4 had also loss of hMLH1 (4/11; 36.4%; P =.017). In multivariate analysis (Cox model), significantly longer survival was found for patients with tumors in FIGO Stage I-II (P <.0001), endometrioid type (P =.001), low grade (P =.001), and absence of hMLH1 expression (P =.027). Our results suggest that loss of function of hMLH1 and Bax occur in a subgroup of endometrial carcinoma. In addition to the classical prognostic factors, absence of hMLH1 expression is associated with better outcome of patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Thalkirchnerstr. 36, D-80337 Münich, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peiró
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diebold
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Baretton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimmig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Löhrs
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016019:Survival Analysis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C494826:BAX protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein