title: Expanding the enablement framework and testing an evaluative instrument for diabetes patient education.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Strategies to delay or prevent complications from diabetes include diabetes patient education. Diabetes educators seek to provide education that meets the needs of clients and influences positive health outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  (1) To expand prior research exploring an enablement framework for patient education by examining perceptions of patient education by persons with diabetes and (2) to test the mastery of stress instrument (MSI) as a potential evaluative instrument for patient education.
  
  
  METHODS
  Triangulated data collection with a convenience sample of adults taking diabetes education classes. Half the sample completed audio-taped semi-structured interviews pre, during and posteducation and all completed the MSI posteducation. Qualitative data were analysed using latent content analysis, descriptive statistics were completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Qualitative analysis revealed content categories similar to previous work with prenatal participants, supporting the enablement framework. Statistical analyses noted congruence with psychometric findings from development of MSI; secondary qualitative analyses revealed congruency between MSI scores and patient perceptions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mastery is an outcome congruent with the enablement framework for patient education across content areas. Mastery of stress instrument may be a instrument for identification of patients who are coping well with diabetes self-management, as well as those who are not and who require further nursing interventions.
authors.affiliation: Collaborative BScN Program, Nipissing University, North Bay, Ontario, Canada. lynnetts@unipissing.ca
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leeseberg Stamler
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Patrick
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017145:Models, Educational; D016294:Models, Nursing; D008960:Models, Psychological; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D010358:Patient Participation; D011209:Power, Psychological; D011594:Psychometrics; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*