title: In vivo labeling of endothelin receptors with [(11)C]L-753,037: studies in mice and a dog.
abstract: Endothelin (ET) is a potent mammalian vasoconstrictive peptide and a pressor agent. Its 3 isoforms, ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3, mediate several physiologic actions in several organ systems, binding to 2 major receptor subtypes: ET(A) and ET(B). This study was undertaken to evaluate [(11)C]L-753,037 [(+)-(5S,6R,7R)-2-butyl-7-[2-((2S)-2-carboxy-propyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)cyclopenteno [1,2-beta]pyridine-6-carboxylate), a new mixed ET receptor A and B antagonist, as a tracer for in vivo labeling of ET receptors in mice and a dog.
  
  
  METHODS
  [(11)C]L-753,037 was synthesized, purified, and formulated from a normethyl precursor, L-843,974, and [(11)C]H(3)I. The tracer was studied for its in vivo kinetics, biodistribution, and ET receptor binding characteristics in mice. In the dog, PET imaging was performed to evaluate binding of [(11)C]L-753,037 to ET receptors in the heart. Specificity of binding was studied in the heart with the selective ET(A) antagonist L-753,164.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kinetic studies in mice showed highest tracer uptake at 5 min after injection in liver (25.0 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]), kidneys (18.7 %ID/g), lungs (15.2 %ID/g), and heart (5.6 %ID/g). Initial high uptake in liver, lungs, and kidneys was followed by rapid washout during the next 10 min and a very slow clearance during the time of observation (2 h after injection). By contrast, the radioactivity in the heart remained constant over 2 h. Administration of both ET(A) (L-753,164) and mixed ET(A)/ET(B) (L-753,137) receptor antagonists resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of [(11)C]L-753,037 binding in mouse heart, lungs, and kidneys but not in the liver. Radioactivity in the brain was very low, indicating that the tracer does not cross the blood-brain barrier. In the dog, a dynamic PET study of the heart showed high tracer accumulation at 55-95 min after injection. Injection of L-753,164 at 30 min before [(11)C]L-753,037 administration led to a significant reduction in tracer binding. [(11)C]methyl triphenyl phosphonium was used as a tracer for reference images of the dog heart muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that [(11)C]L-753,037 binds to ET receptors in vivo and is, therefore, a promising candidate for investigation of these receptors and their occupancy by ET receptor antagonists using PET.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aleksic
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Scheffel
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ravert
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kerenyi
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Rauseo
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Dannals
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D051379:Mice; D011725:Pyridines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D011725:Pyridines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C119319:J 104132