A comprehensive analysis of MNG1, TCO1, fPTC, PTEN, TSHR, and TRKA in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: confirmation of linkage to TCO1.
About 5% of nonmedullary thyroid cancer is familial. These familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer cases are characterized by an earlier age of onset, more aggressive phenotype, and in some families a high propensity to benign thyroid disease. Little is known about the genes conferring predisposition to nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Three loci have been identified through genetic linkage: MNG1 on 14q32, TCO1 on 19p13.2, and fPTC on 1p21. In addition to these putative genes, a number of loci represent candidate familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer predisposition genes by virtue of their involvement in sporadic disease (TRKA), their role in benign disease (TSHR), and because they underlie syndromes with a risk of nonmedullary thyroid cancer (PTEN). To evaluate the roles of MNG1, TCO1, fPTC, PTEN, TSHR, and TRKA in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer, we have carried out a comprehensive mutation and linkage analysis of these genes in 22 families. One family was linked to chromosome 19q13.2, confirming that TCO1 underlies a subset of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. None of the families was linked to MNG1 or fPTC, and there was no evidence to support the roles of PTEN, TSHR, or TRKA. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer is an emerging clinical phenotype that is genetically heterogeneous, and none of the currently identified genes accounts for the majority of families.
Bevan
S
S
Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom SM2 5NG.
Pal
T
T
Greenberg
C R
CR
Green
H
H
Wixey
J
J
Bignell
G
G
Narod
S A
SA
Foulkes
W D
WD
Stratton
M R
MR
Houlston
R S
RS
D000328:Adult; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19; D005164:Factor IX / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010375:Pedigree; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000235:genetics; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D005164:Factor IX; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human