title: [Therapeutic use of potassium citrate].
abstract: Therapeutic indications of potassium citrate include: 1. Oxaluric renal stone disease and some cases of uric acid stone disease. Prevention of stone formation in patients with renal polycystic disease. Prevention of stone relapse after ESWL or lithotomy; 2. Distal renal tubular acidosis complicated by hypercalciuria, mainly in children. 3. Renal hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria. 4. Prevention of renal complications at the time of glaucoma treatment with acetazolamide. 5. Potassium supplementation during treatment of hypertension. Potassium citrate is usually contraindicated in the case of: 1. Urinary tract infection. 2. Struvite renal stone disease. 3. Hyperpotassemia and advanced chronic renal failure. 4. Peptic ulcer or gastritis. 5. Gastrointestinal bleeding. 6. Disorders of coagulation, crural varices. 7. Metabolic alkalosis. Potassium citrate, when used at therapeutic doses, is to be considered as quite safe. The average daily dose even if admitted as a single dose day engages 60-75% of free renal capacity for potassium excretion. Physiologic and therapeutic citrate concentration in urine exceeds much those available for other inhibitors. The therapeutic dose does not induce any significant changes in any biochemical or endocrine parameter of blood except mild transient metabolic alkalosis. The decrease of urine calcium and increase in oxalate calcium phosphate excretion is observed. In hypo-cytriaturic patients the response to therapeutic dose of citrate is smaller. One-year remission of stone disease is observed in 70-75% cases.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Nefrologii Akademii Medycznej we Wrocławiu Kierownik Kliniki. klinef@priv2.onet.pl
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Zmonarski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puziewicz-Zmonarska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krajewska
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mazanowska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dembińska
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000075202:Contraindications; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D006959:Hyperoxaluria / Q000517:prevention & control; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D019357:Potassium Citrate; D000086:Acetazolamide