title: Obesity is associated with impaired ventricular protein kinase C-MAP kinase signaling and altered ANP mRNA expression in the heart of adult Zucker rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired. The influence of obesity on myocardial cell signaling was investigated by studying the activation of PKC isozymes and MAP kinases (MAPK) p38 and p42/44 as well as the induction of ANP mRNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated hearts obtained from 17-week-old lean and obese Zucker rats were perfused with 200 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) at different time periods. Immunodetectable PKC isozymes, phosphorylated-MAPK, and ANP mRNA were determined by Western and Northern blots, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PMA promoted a marked transient translocation of ventricular PKCalpha from the cytosol to the membranes within 10 minutes in lean rats, whereas it had a much weaker effect in obese rats. Moreover, PMA induced a significant activation of PKCdelta in lean but not in obese rat hearts. After PKC activation, increases in phosphorylation levels of myocardial p38 and p42 MAPK were approximately 3-fold higher in lean rats than in obese animals. Concerning the induction of ANP, PMA transiently tripled ANP mRNA within 60 minutes in lean but not in obese rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the genetically obese Zucker rat, the myocardial signal transduction cascade PKC-MAPK-ANP mRNA seems to be markedly impaired. It can be speculated that this abnormal cardiac cell signaling in obese rats reflects an early phase in the cardiac pathogenesis accompanying obesity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morabito
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Vallotton
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate