title: Male breast cancer--a reappraisal of clinical and biologic indicators of prognosis.
abstract: Between 1970 and 1998, 90 cases of male breast cancer with available pathological material were retrieved. The disease often presented in aged patients (median--66 years) and as advanced stage (stage III/IV-51%). Excluding stage IV disease, the neoplasia were predominantly ductal invasive carcinomas. NOS (not otherwise specified) (92%), grade 1 and grade 2 (94%), positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors (72% and 74%), negative for androgen receptors (100%), p53 negative (95%), c-erbB-2 negative (88%) and DNA aneuploid (73%). Assessment of disease outcome is determined by stage at time of diagnosis, and axillary lymph node status was the only parameter found to have a statistically significant correlation with either disease-free interval or overall survival (p < 0.001) by multivariate analysis. Clinically useful information on the probability of relapse can be added by determining c-erbB-2 (p = 0.02) and progesterone receptors (p = 0.04) in stage III and tumor ploidy (p = 0.04) in pN1 subgroups of patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Morfológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Francisco Gentil, Centro de Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000782:Aneuploidy; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53