title: Flavonoids protect mice from two types of lethal shock induced by endotoxin.
abstract: The protective effect of flavonoids on two types of lethal endotoxic shock was studied. A lethal endotoxic shock was induced by administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-sensitized mice and another one was done by administration of a high dose of LPS into normal mice. Pretreatment with a series of flavonoids protected mice from two types of endotoxin lethality. Flavonoid pretreatment reduced the serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) level in mice injected with D-GalN and LPS, but not in mice injected with a high dose of LPS. TNF-alpha-induced lethal shock in D-GalN-sensitized mice was also protected by pretreatment with flavonoids, suggesting that flavonoids augmented the resistance to TNF-alpha lethality. On the other hand, flavonoids reduced the plasma level of lipid peroxides in mice injected with a high dose of LPS, but not in D-GalN-sensitized mice. Taken together, these results indicated that flavonoids might protect mice from two types of endotoxin lethality. The protective mechanism of flavonoids in each endotoxin lethality is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Bacterial Toxin, Research Center for Infectious Disease, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokochi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005688:Galactosamine; D007114:Immunization; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012431:Rutin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012431:Rutin; D005688:Galactosamine