title: Detecting and reducing hospital adverse events: outcomes of the Wimmera clinical risk management program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if an integrated clinical risk management program that detects adverse patient events in a hospital, analyses their risk and takes action can alter the rate of adverse events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal survey of adverse patient events over eight years of progressive implementation of the risk management program.
  
  
  METHODS
  49,834 inpatients (July 1991 to September 1999) and 20,050 emergency department patients (October 1997 to September 1999) at a rural base hospital in the Wimmera region of Victoria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rates of adverse events detected by medical record review and clinical incident and general practitioner reporting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The annual rate of inpatient adverse events decreased between the first and eighth years of the study from 1.35% of all patient discharges (69 events) to 0.74% (49 events) (P<0.001). Absolute risk reduction was 0.61% (95% CI, 0.23%-0.99%), and relative risk reduction was 44.9% (95% CI, 16.9%-72.9%). The quarterly rate of emergency department adverse events decreased between the first and eighth quarters of monitoring from 3.26% of all attendances (84 events) to 0.48% (12 events) (P< 0.001). Absolute risk reduction was 2.78% (95% CI, 2.04%-3.52%), and relative risk reduction was 85.3% (95% CI, 62.7%-100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adverse patient events can be detected, and their frequency reduced, using multiple detection methods and clinical improvement strategies as part of an integrated clinical risk management program.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Risk Management Unit, Wimmera Health Care Group, Horsham, VIC. whcgmed@netconnect.com.au
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourke
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Leembruggen
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards; D006302:Health Services Research; D006780:Hospitals, Rural / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D017146:Models, Organizational; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012308:Risk Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013597:Systems Analysis; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology