title: Lispro insulin in type 1 diabetic patients on a Mediterranean or normal diet: a randomized, cross-over comparative study with regular insulin.
abstract: Lispro (LP) and regular human (HR) insulins were compared in Type 1 diabetic (T1DM) patients on either a Mediterranean diet or normal diet. Twelve T1DM patients were recruited and randomized into two groups of 6, groups A and B. They were treated in different sequences (in 3-month intervals for 1 year). Group A: LP insulin and normal diet, LP insulin and Mediterranean diet, regular insulin and Mediterranean diet, regular insulin and normal diet. Group B: regular insulin and normal diet, regular insulin and Mediterranean diet, LP insulin and Mediterranean diet, LP insulin and normal diet. Each patient was treated with rapid acting insulin, either LP insulin or HR insulin, before each main meal and a dose of slow acting insulin at bedtime. Every 15 days the glycemic control, the incidence and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, and any adverse events were evaluated. Every 3 months, hematology and a chemistry panel, pre- and post-prandial glycemic and insulinemic profiles were evaluated in all patients. HbA1c levels significantly decreased in LP patients on normal diet, post-prandial glycemic levels were significantly lower in LP than in HR patients from 30 min onwards, 15-min post-prandial insulin levels higher in LP- than in HR-treated patients, and hypoglycemic episodes were significantly less in LP- than in HR-treated patients. LP insulin, irrespective of the type of diet, results in more effective glycemic control, significantly reduces hypoglycemic episodes as opposed to traditional insulin therapy and seems to be more effective with a normal diet than with a Mediterranean diet.
authors.affiliation: Diabetic Clinic, Pugliese Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Provenzano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Puccio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vecci
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Di Mario
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro; C048900:hemoglobin, glycerated