title: Lipopolysaccharide induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is mediated dominantly by an IFN-gamma-independent mechanism.
abstract: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, which converts an essential amino acid, L-tryptophan, to N-formylkynurenine. It has been speculated that IFN-gamma is a dominant IDO inducer in vivo. The present study used IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha gene-disrupted mice and IFN-gamma antibody-treated mice to demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic IDO is largely dependent on TNF-alpha rather than IFN-gamma. IFN-gamma-independent IDO induction was also demonstrated in vitro with LPS-stimulated monocytic THP-1 cells. These findings clearly indicate that there is an IFN-gamma-independent mechanism of IDO induction in addition to the IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujigaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sekikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tone
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Takikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seishima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D016207:Cytokines; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase