title: Polymorphic repeats in the androgen receptor gene in high-risk sibships.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic susceptibility may explain some familial clusters of prostate cancer. The polymorphic androgen receptor (AR) gene, which mediates androgen activity in the prostate, is a candidate gene that may influence predisposition to the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the polymorphic (CAG)n and (GGN)n repeats within the AR gene in men from 51 high-risk prostate cancer sibships, which included at least one affected and one unaffected man (n = 210). We compared repeat lengths of men with prostate cancer (n = 140) to their brothers (n = 70) without disease, stratified by median age at diagnosis of affected men within each sibship. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals to evaluate associations between prostate cancer and repeat length.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The OR for prostate cancer associated with short (CAG)n repeats (< 22) compared to longer repeats (> or =22) was 1.13 (95% CI 0.5-2.4) overall, but was higher in sibships with a median age of <66 years at diagnosis (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 0.5-6.0). The (GGN)n array also was not associated with prostate cancer in general. However, in older men (> or = 66 years), there was a modest elevation in risk (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 0.6-4.1) among those with short repeats (GGN of < or =16). Men with both a short (CAG)n (< 22) and a short (GGN)n (< or =16) array were not at higher risk (OR = 1.06) compared to men with two long repeats [(CAG)n > or =22 and (GGN)n >16)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the (CAG)n and (GGN)n repeats in the AR gene do not play a major role in familial prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noonan
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ostrander
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009679:Nuclear Family; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats
chemical_list: D011944:Receptors, Androgen