title: Unsuspected atypical hemispheric dominance for language as determined by fMRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to illustrate the value of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the presurgical assessment of hemispheric dominance for language by means of an illustrative case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  fMRI with two language paradigms was performed in a right-handed patient without familial sinistrality suffering from a left frontal focal epilepsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both fMRI paradigms revealed unequivocally lateralized right hemispheric activation. Atypical language representation was confirmed by Wada test. The further presurgical workup could be restricted to subdural strip recordings instead of the initially intended grid implantation. After resective surgery, no language deficits were apparent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemispheric dominance for language should be assessed by fMRI in all patients before surgery in areas potentially relevant for language in either cerebral hemisphere. fMRI may influence the further diagnostic workup and should be performed before other invasive diagnostic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Sections of Neuroradiology and Presurgical Epilepsy Diagnosis, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. spreer@nz11.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spreer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quiske
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Altenmüller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulze-Bonhage
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Steinhoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schumacher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology