title: Purification and characterization of Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase isoenzymes, indicating differential distribution in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves.
abstract: Delta(1)-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) (EC 1.5.1.2. L-proline: NAD(P)-5-oxidoreductase), the second enzyme in the proline biosynthetic pathway, was purified from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves. Following ammonium sulfate fractionation, purification was performed by several chromatographic methods: Blue Cellulofine, DEAE-TOYOPEARL, Sephacryl S-300 HR, and POROS QE/M. Two isoenzymes resolved by anion exchange chromatography were designated P5CR-1 and P5CR-2. Only P5CR-2 was purified from the intact chloroplasts, indicating differential distribution of the isoenzymes. P5CR isoenzymes, P5CR-1 and P5CR-2, are a homopolymer with an apparent molecular mass of 310 kDa, consisting of 10 to 12 subunits of about 28.5 kDa. P5CR-1 and P5CR-2 showed K(m) values of 9 and 19 microM for NADPH and values of 0.122 and 0.162 mM for Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), respectively. We decided partial amino acid sequences of P5CR-1 which showed the 70 to 80% homology to the deduced amino acid sequences of several plant P5CR cDNAs. Both isoenzymes had much lower affinity for NADH than for NADPH and were inhibited by free ATP and Mg(2+) ion. The inhibition was partially mitigated when ATP and Mg(2+) were added simultaneously to the reaction mixture. Cations at high concentration were inhibitory to P5CR activity. Interestingly, P5CR-2 was more stable to heat treatment at 40 degrees C than P5CR-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murahama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sanada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000201:enzymology; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015636:Magnesium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011108:Polymers; D011392:Proline / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000201:enzymology*; D000097502:delta-1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007527:Isoenzymes; D015636:Magnesium Chloride; D011108:Polymers; D011392:Proline; D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases; D000097502:delta-1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase; C064803:DEAE-Toyopearl 650S; C037239:Sephacryl Superfine