title: Care of HIV-infected pregnant women in maternal-fetal medicine programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To survey the evolution over the past decade of attitudes and practices of obstetricians in maternal-fetal medicine fellowship programs regarding the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Directors of all 65 approved maternal-fetal medicine training programs were sent questionnaires, responses to which were to reflect the consensus among members of their faculties. Programs were stratified based upon the number of HIV-infected pregnant patients cared for in the previous year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Responses reflect experience with over 1000 infected pregnant women per year, nearly one-quarter with advanced disease. Combination antiretroviral therapy was prescribed by all respondents, universally in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. A three-drug regimen (often containing a protease inhibitor) was used more often by those who treated at least 20 HIV-infected pregnant patients per year than by those programs seeing a lower number of patients (80 vs 59%). Despite the known and unknown risks of the use of antiretrovirals during pregnancy, only half of all responding programs report adverse events to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry; reporting was more common among the institutions seeing a higher number of patients (61 vs 45%). Seventy-eight percent of higher volume programs enroll their patients in clinical studies, usually multicenter, versus 35% of lower volume programs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Care for HIV+ pregnant women has dramatically changed over the past decade. Antiretroviral therapy is now universally prescribed by physicians involved in maternal-fetal medicine training programs. Given limited experience with these agents in the setting of pregnancy, it is essential for maternal-fetal medicine practitioners to actively report on adverse events and participate in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA. peter.sklar@alumni.duke.edu
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sklar
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bathgate
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Parenti
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003625:Data Collection; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008427:Maternal Health Services; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third