title: Structure of freely suspended chiral smectic films as determined by x-ray reflectivity and optical ellipsometry.
abstract: We report on a combined x-ray reflectivity and optical ellipsometry study of freely suspended smectic (Sm) films of a chiral liquid crystalline compound with the phase sequence Sm-A-Sm-C(*)(alpha)-Sm-C*-Sm-C(*)(gamma)-Sm-C(*)(A). Using tilt magnitude profiles from x-ray reflectivity as input to model the average optical properties obtained by ellipsometry, tilt direction profiles are also obtained. In this way realistic models can be elaborated for the various types of chiral Sm-C films. We find that the surface layers are more tilted than the interior layers due to surface interactions and finite size effects. For the ferrielectric Sm-C(*)(gamma) phase the tilt direction profile corresponds to a three-layer helix, in agreement with the clock model of chiral Sm-C phases. In thin films the surface interactions suppress the bulk helix structure of the Sm-C(*)(alpha) phase and a Sm-C(*)(A)-like structure is formed with an anticlinic layer-by-layer alternation of the tilt directions.
authors.affiliation: FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, I098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fera
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Opitz
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: de Jeu
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Ostrovskii
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schlauf
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bahr