title: Production and specificity of monoclonal antibodies against nodularin conjugated through N-methyldehydrobutyrine.
abstract: Nodularin (Nod) is a cyclic pentapeptide hepatotoxin produced by the cyanobacterial genus Nodularia living in brackish waters and coastal lagoons. The toxicity of Nod is due to specific inhibition of the type-1 and type-2A intracellular protein phosphatases (PP1 and PP2A, respectively). We have developed a monoclonal antibody against Nod using chemical modification (aminoethylation) of one of its core amino acids, N-methyldehydrobutyrine. The developed antibody is highly specific for Nod, with negligible reactivity to the closely related cyanobacterial toxin microcystin (MC). The monoclonal antibody was employed for quantitative competitive ELISA assay. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was up to 0.2 ng/ml. Comparison of the developed ELISA test with HPLC-based measurements of Nod, with both laboratory and field samples, showed a good correspondence between the results yielded by these two methods. The antibodies developed by this technique provide means for developing extremely sensitive and specific analytical assays for direct measurement of nodularin and related toxins in cyanobacterial or water samples.
authors.affiliation: Turku Centre for Biotechnology, PO Box 123 FIN-20521, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikhailov
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Härmälä-Braskén
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polosukhina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wahlsten
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sivonen
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Eriksson
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D000922:Immunotoxins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C063998:nodularin; D000409:Alanine