title: A decision analytical cost analysis of offering ECV in a UK district general hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the care pathways and implications of offering mothers the choice of external cephalic version (ECV) at term for singleton babies who present with an uncomplicated breech pregnancy versus assisted breech delivery or elective caesarean.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational audit to construct a decision analysis of uncomplicated full term breech presentations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The North Staffordshire NHS Trust.
  
  
  METHODS
  All women (n = 176) who presented at full term with a breech baby without complications during July 1995 and June 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study determined to compare the outcome in terms of the costs and cost consequences for the care pathways that resulted from whether a women chose to accept the offer of ECV or not. All the associated events were then mapped for the two possible pathways. The costs were considered only within the hospital setting, from the perspective of the health care provider up to the point of delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The additional costs for ECV, assisted breech delivery and elective caesarean over and above a normal birth were 186.70 pounds sterling, 425.36 pounds sterling and 1,955.22 pounds sterling respectively. The total expected cost of the respective care pathways for "ECV accepted" and "ECV not accepted" (including the probability of adverse events) were 1,452 pounds sterling and 1,828 pounds sterling respectively, that is the cost of delivery through the ECV care pathways is less costly than the non ECV delivery care pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementing an ECV service may yield cost savings in secondary care over and above the traditional delivery methods for breech birth of assisted delivery or caesarean section. The scale of these expected cost savings are in the range of 248 pounds sterling to 376 pounds sterling per patient. This converts to a total expected cost saving of between 43,616 pounds sterling and 44,544 pounds sterling for the patient cohort considered in this study.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Planning & Management, Keele University, Keele, Staffs, ST5 5BG, UK. m.james@keele.ac.uk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burr
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Johanson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001946:Breech Presentation; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002755:Choice Behavior; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017046:Cost Savings; D019091:Critical Pathways; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D003663:Decision Trees; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006767:Hospitals, District / Q000191:economics; D006769:Hospitals, General / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010358:Patient Participation; D011247:Pregnancy; D006113:United Kingdom; D014710:Version, Fetal / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data