The bromodomain: a regulator of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling?
In eukaryotes, processes requiring access to DNA are inhibited by the structural packaging of the genome. A number of specialized ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes have evolved to overcome this inhibition. One subset of these enzymes, SWI/SNF, plays a critical role in the regulation of transcription, often functioning in concert with nuclear histone acetyltransferases (HATs). It remains unknown how these activities are coordinated. However, recent results revealing that the bromodomain, a motif common in these remodeling factors, constitutes an acetyl-lysine binding domain might provide insight into this process. Bromodomains may serve a role analogous to the signal transduction SH2 domain, by providing a means to recruit remodeling complexes to acetylated chromatin regions or to allosterically modify their function post-recruitment.
Horn
P J
PJ
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in Molecular Medicine, 373 Plantation St., Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Peterson
C L
CL
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000502:physiology; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*
D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C084011:SMARCA2 protein, human; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases