title: TGF-beta-induced apoptosis is mediated by the adapter protein Daxx that facilitates JNK activation.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional growth factor that has a principal role in growth control through both its cytostatic effect on many different epithelial cell types and its ability to induce programmed cell death in a variety of other cell types. Here we have used a screen for proteins that interact physically with the cytoplasmic domain of the type II TGF-beta receptor to isolate the gene encoding Daxx - a protein associated with the Fas receptor that mediates activation of Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and programmed cell death induced by Fas. The carboxy-terminal portion of Daxx functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor of TGF-beta-induced apoptosis in B-cell lymphomas, and antisense oligonucleotides to Daxx inhibit TGF-beta-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes. Furthermore, Daxx is involved in mediating JNK activation by TGF-beta. Our findings associate Daxx directly with the TGF-beta apoptotic-signalling pathway, and make a biochemical connection between the receptors for TGF-beta and the apoptotic machinery.
authors.affiliation: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perlman
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Schiemann
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Lodish
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D019556:COS Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; C106985:DAXX protein, human; C491473:Daxx protein, mouse; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D019014:fas Receptor; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II