title: Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic tumor and myosarcoma of the urogenital tract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic tumors (PMTs) of the urogenital tract are rare but distinctive lesions. Despite their benign behavior, they are frequently misinterpreted as leiomyosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas in preoperative biopsies and even in resected specimens because of their atypical spindle-cell features. Precise diagnosis of PMTs is important to avoid unnecessary radical therapy. We analyzed urogenital myoid tumors to clarify which of their characteristics are useful for the differential diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 7 urogenital myoid tumors consisting of 3 PMTs, 2 leiomyosarcomas, and 2 rhabdomyosarcomas. We studied the expression of various immunohistochemical muscle-cell markers including desmin, muscle-specific actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, high-molecular-weight caldesmon, and myogenin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Desmin, muscle-specific actin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin were noted variably in all tumor types, whereas high-molecular-weight caldesmon was expressed only in leiomyosarcomas, and myogenin was expressed only in rhabdomyosarcomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-molecular-weight caldesmon and myogenin are useful for differentiating urogenital PMTs from myosarcomas.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan. w-kazuo@fmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003893:Desmin / Q000032:analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D018008:Myogenin / Q000032:analysis; D009379:Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014565:Urogenital Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D003893:Desmin; C503799:MYOG protein, human; D018008:Myogenin