title: Effect of divalproex-lamotrigine combination therapy in frontal lobe seizures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with intractable frontal lobe seizures represent a difficult subclass of patients with epilepsy. When medications fail, surgical outcomes typically have not been as successful as medial temporal lobe resections. The combination therapy of valproic acid (divalproex sodium) and lamotrigine has shown promising results in patients with uncontrolled seizures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine outcome in patients with intractable frontal lobe seizures who were treated with the combination of divalproex and lamotrigine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nonrandomized, open-label, add-on trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatients evaluated and treated at a tertiary care referral facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients between 16 and 65 years old were studied. Patients were required to have failed at least 3 prior trials with antiepilepsy drugs. Criteria for frontal lobe onset included 1 or more of the following: frontal lesion on scan, positive ictal single-photon emission computed tomographic scan, symptoms consistent with frontal lobe onset, or an electroencephalogram (surface or invasive) consistent with frontal lobe onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were treated with divalproex-lamotrigine combination therapy for 1 year.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measured was seizure reduction. Safety and tolerability were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients discontinued therapy. Ten of the remaining 17 became completely free of seizures. Two rashes occurred, but did not lead to discontinuation of therapy. The most common adverse events were tremor and weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Divalproex-lamotrigine combination therapy is a reasonable alternative in intractable frontal lobe epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Penn StateUniversity, Room C-6840, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. pmccabe@psu.edu
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: McNew
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Michel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017034:Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014227:Triazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014227:Triazines; D014635:Valproic Acid; D000077213:Lamotrigine