title: Screening cardiac ultrasonographic examination in patients with suspected cardiac disease in the emergency department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate the utility of a brief screening cardiac ultrasonographic (SCU) examination. We prospectively compared the SCU with conventional clinical evaluation in 124 emergency department (ED) patients with suspected cardiac disease. Furthermore, we assessed the impact and quality of SCU examinations as obtained by briefly trained ED personnel (EP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients underwent clinical evaluation by an ED physician and SCU examination by a sonographer or cardiologist. Patient disposition, hospital stay length, and the number of full echo examinations were compared with the presence of significant findings on SCU. In patients who received a full echocardiogram during hospitalization, results of the initial clinical examination were compared with results of the SCU examination in the diagnosis of significant findings. A similar analysis, but with quality assessment, was performed on only those SCU examinations acquired by 4 EP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 124 patients enrolled in the main study, 40 of 124 (32%) had significant findings on SCU. Of patients with abnormal SCUs versus normal SCUs, 16 of 40 (40%) versus 18 of 84 (21%) had hospital stay lengths >2 days (P < or =.05). Using the 36 inpatient full echo studies obtained for standard indications during hospitalization as a gold standard, initial clinical examination identified only 7 of 30 (23%) significant findings and had 16 false-positive diagnoses, whereas SCU identified 22 of 30 (73%) with 8 false positives. Although similar study results occurred with interpretation of 68 SCUs obtained by EP, quality was achieved in only 55% ED personnel versus 97% of sonographer-obtained SCUs (P <.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An SCU examination detects significant findings misdiagnosed on initial clinical evaluation in the ED and provides prognostic data regarding length of hospital stay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Scripps-Mercy Medical Center, Coronado, CA 92118, USA. kimura.bruce@scrippshealth.org
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bocchicchio
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Demaria
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002140:California; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography