title: Two S-adenosylmethionine synthetase-encoding genes differentially expressed during adventitious root development in Pinus contorta.
abstract: Two S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (SAMS) cDNAs, PcSAMS1 and PcSAMS2, have been identified in Pinus contorta. We found that the two genes are differentially expressed during root development. Thus, PcSAMS1 is preferentially expressed in roots and exhibits a specific expression pattern in the meristem at the onset of adventitious root development, whereas PcSAMS2 is expressed in roots as well as in shoots and is down-regulated during adventitious root formation. The expression of the two SAMS genes is different from the SAMS activity levels during adventitious root formation. We conclude that other SAMS genes that remain to be characterized may contribute to the observed SAMS activity, or that the activities of PcSAMS1 and PcSAMS2 are affected by post-transcriptional regulation. The deduced amino acid sequences of PcSAMS1 and PcSAMS2 are highly divergent, suggesting different functional roles. However, both carry the two perfectly conserved motifs that are common to all plant SAMS. At the protein level, PcSAMS2 shares about 90% identity to other isolated eukaryotic SAMS, while PcSAMS1 shares less than 50% identity with other plant SAMS. In a phylogenetic comparison, PcSAMS1 seems to have diverged significantly from all other SAMS genes. Nevertheless, PcSAMS1 was able to complement a Saccharomyces cerevisiae sam1 sam2 double mutant, indicating that it encodes a functional SAMS enzyme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. lindroth@ucla.edu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lindroth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saarikoski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Flygh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clapham
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grönroos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thelander
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ronne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: von Arnold
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D032462:Cycadopsida / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D018546:Hypocotyl / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008716:Methionine Adenosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D007211:Indoles; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C014612:indolebutyric acid; D008716:Methionine Adenosyltransferase