title: A monoclonal antibody that induces neuronal apoptosis binds a metastasis marker.
abstract: The cell surface molecules controlling apoptosis in cortical neurons are largely unknown. A monoclonal antibody was derived that induces cultured neocortical neurons to undergo apoptosis. A Fab fragment of the antibody, however, lacked the ability to induce cell death. The antigen was purified, and characterized by compositional analysis, fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry, sequential exoglycosidase treatments, methylation analysis, and (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, proving to be isoglobotetraosylceramide (IsoGb4). IsoGb4 has been shown previously to be a metastasis marker, antibodies against which block metastases in a mammary adenocarcinoma model (S. A. Carlsen et al., Cancer Res., 53: 2906-2911, 1993). Addition of the purified antigen to cells lacking this glycolipid demonstrated that it is capable of functioning as a portable apoptosis-transducing molecule. Intracellular ceramide levels were increased after the treatment with the apoptosis-inducing antibody, but the membrane sphingomyelin level remained unchanged. Fumonisin B1 inhibited both the ceramide increase and the apoptosis induced via IsoGb4, which indicated that the ceramide synthase pathway is likely to be involved in apoptosis induction by IsoGb4.
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manzi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skowronski
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Notterpek
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fluharty
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Faull
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Masada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rabizadeh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varsanyi-Nagy
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Butcher
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bredesen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005915:Globosides / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D005915:Globosides; C004642:cytolipin R