Pharmacokinetics of antibiotic prophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery and blood-saving techniques.
The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime, cefotiam, cefamandole, and ampicillin/sulbactam were randomly measured in 40 patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery associated with high blood and volume turnover and intraoperative blood salvage. Serum and bone concentrations and the pharmacokinetics occurring in the context of these procedures were measured. No changes in elimination half-life relative to a normal population occurred with cefuroxime, cefotiam, and ampicillin. Serum and tissue concentrations were slightly lower with cefamandole and sulbactam, but reapplication of the initial dose was required with all antibiotics 4 hours after the first application.
Dehne
M G
MG
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany.
Mühling
J
J
Sablotzki
A
A
Nopens
H
H
Hempelmann
G
G
D000368:Aged; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry; D002435:Cefamandole / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015310:Cefotiam / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D002511:Cephalosporins; D002435:Cefamandole; C035444:sultamicillin; D000667:Ampicillin; D015310:Cefotiam; D002444:Cefuroxime; D013407:Sulbactam