title: Increased first-contact rates for very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis in African- and Caribbean-born elders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have consistently shown a higher incidence of schizophrenia with onset in early adult life in African and Caribbean migrants to the UK.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish the incidence (first-contact rates) of very-late-onset (>60 years) schizophrenia-like psychosis (SLP) in south London and to test the hypothesis that this is higher among African- and Caribbean-born than indigenous elders.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified all new referrals of SLP to the Maudsley Hospital between 1995 and 2000. Demographic details, including age, ethnicity and electoral ward (address), were obtained from case notes. Incidence was estimated using 1997 census data to determine the denominator population for each ethnic group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of SLP was significantly higher in African- and Caribbean-born than indigenous elders: 172.4 per 100,000 population (95% CI=57.9--286.8) in African- and Caribbean-born males and 323.5 per 100,000 population (95% CI 167.8--479.1) in African- and Caribbean-born females. Rates also were increased in elders from other immigrant groups, but the numbers involved were too small to reach accepted levels of significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large-scale epidemiological studies are needed to determine both the incidence of and the coexistent risk factors for SLP among all elderly migrants, who may constitute a group with high service needs.
authors.affiliation: Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. s.reeves@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000208:ethnology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000208:ethnology*; D012307:Risk Factors