title: Gemcitabine plus etoposide in chemonaive extensive disease small-cell lung cancer: a multi-centre phase II study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both gemcitabine and etoposide are active in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), and are characterised by mild toxicity profiles. The combination of both drugs was found to be feasible and active in a phase I dose-finding study in solid tumours. Therefore, a phase II trial was initiated to examine the activity and toxicity of this schedule in extensive disease SCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two chemo-naïve extensive disease SCLC patients were enrolled to receive gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2, days 1, 8 and 15, and etoposide 80 mg/m2, days 8, 9 and 10 of a 28-day cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven patients were evaluable for efficacy (five received less than one cycle). No complete responses were observed, but partial responses were seen in 17 patients, yielding an overall response rate of 46%. The median duration of response was 5.8 months. Disease stabilisation was obtained in another 10 patients (27%). The median survival of the 37 protocol-qualified patients was 10.5 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.5-12.0). The levels of WHO grade 3 and 4 toxicities were low and clinically manageable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison with standard platinum-based regimens, this combination of gemcitabine and etoposide resulted in a somewhat lower response rate, but a similar median survival time. Haematological toxicity was more pronounced than expected from the toxicity data of each agent individually. However, because of its mild non-haematological toxicity, and its ability to be administered in an outpatient setting, this combination provides a reasonable palliative option for patients with extensive disease SCLC.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Oncology Unit, Univ. Hosp. Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. johan.vansteenkiste@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vansteenkiste
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gatzemeier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manegold
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanauske
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weynants
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bosquée
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blatter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: von Pawel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D005047:Etoposide; D000093542:Gemcitabine