title: Microbial degradation of mefenoxam in rhizosphere of Zinnia angustifolia.
abstract: The fate of the fungicide mefenoxam was studied in a containerized rhizosphere system. The rhizosphere system used Zinnia angustifolia (Tropic Snow) in a bark/sand potting mix and was compared to bulk potting mix (no plants). Rhizosphere microbial populations were allowed to establish for 3 weeks prior to fungicide addition (20 microg per g mix). Mefenoxam and degradation product concentrations were determined by High HPLC or capillary electrophoresis after extraction. Seventy eight percent of the fungicide originally applied to the rhizosphere was degraded after 21 days compared to 44% in bulk system (no plant). The primary degradation product was the free acid N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-DL-alanine, which accounted for 71% of the applied parent chemical after 30 days. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-acetamide was also detected, but in lesser amounts. Bacterial populations in the rhizosphere increased during the 30-day period, which correlated with an increase in degradation of the parent compound. Pure cultures of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Chrysobacterium indologenes isolated from the rhizosphere system could degrade the applied fungicide (10 microg/ml) almost completely to the free acid within 54 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Clemson University, SC 29634-0377, USA.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Camper
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000502:physiology*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D007536:Isomerism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology*; D011551:Pseudomonas fluorescens / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; C028175:metalaxyl; D000409:Alanine