title: The chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extracts of Bacopa monniera have been reported to exert cognitive enhancing effects in animals. However, the effects on human cognition are inconclusive.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study examined the chronic effects of an extract of B. monniera (Keenmind) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a double-blind placebo-controlled independent-group design in which subjects were randomly allocated to one of two treatment conditions, B. monniera (300 mg) or placebo. Neuropsychological testing was conducted pre-(baseline) and at 5 and 12 weeks post drug administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  B. monniera significantly improved speed of visual information processing measured by the IT task, learning rate and memory consolidation measured by the AVLT (P<0.05), and state anxiety (P<0.001) compared to placebo, with maximal effects evident after 12 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that B. monniera may improve higher order cognitive processes that are critically dependent on the input of information from our environment such as learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology Laboratory, School of Biophysical Science and Electrical Engineering, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stough
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nathan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts