title: Headache and associations with lifestyle among pupils in senior level elementary school.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of headache and its association with lifestyle among schoolchildren and to test an intervention programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey of all pupils in the school who were asked to complete a questionnaire about headache and lifestyle factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  School health care at an elementary school in Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 344 pupils aged 13-16 years, 170 girls and 174 boys, at senior level answered the questionnaire and were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Headache occurring at least once a week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two percent had headache at least once a week. The problem was more common among girls than among boys; OR 1.6 (95%CI 1.3-2.1). In girls, headache was associated with smoking; OR 6.6 (CI 1.2-35.5), going to bed later than 11 p.m.; OR 4.4 (CI 1.1-18.0), headache in parents; OR 2.0 (CI 1.0-4.2), and few sports activities; OR 3.0 (CI 1.2-7.5). The only corresponding association in boys was with smoking; OR 12.0 (CI 1.5-101). Headache improved in pupils participating in the programme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Headache is a common health problem in schoolchildren of both sexes at senior level and shows strong associations with lifestyle factors in girls. Intervention seems to be efficient.
authors.affiliation: Hentorp Health Care Centre, Skövde, Sweden. margareta.leonardsson-hellgren@vgregion.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leonardsson-Hellgren
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lindblad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology