title: Fosfomycin nebulizer therapy to chronic sinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  effects of Fosfomycin (FOM) nebulizer therapy were studied in patients with chronic sinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  about 28 patients with chronic sinusitis were administered 2 ml of FOM sodium (3% w/v) by nebulizer three times per week for 4 weeks. Levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha in nasal lavage were also measured before and at the end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the overall efficacy of this treatment on the basis of both subjective and objective symptoms, was 'excellent' for 28.6%, 'good' for 10.7%, 'fair' for 39.4%, and yield 'no change' for 21.4% of the patients. Both IL-1 beta and IL-6 concentrations were significantly decreased after treatment. Although the IL-8 level did not significantly decrease, it seems to be related to the overall efficacy. TNF-alpha was not detected in all of the samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FOM nebulization therapy is highly effective in treatment for chronic sinusitis, and efficacy may be due to an immunomodulatory mechanism, as well as its bactericidal effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho-cho, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan. yokamoto@res.yamanashi-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamijyo
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikushima
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005578:Fosfomycin