title: 2-Oxoglutarate transport system in Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: 2-[(14)C]oxoglutarate uptake in resting cells of Staphylococcus aureus 17810S occurs via two kinetically different systems: (1) a secondary, electrogenic 2-oxoglutarate:H(+) symporter (K(m)=0.105 mM), energized by an electrochemical proton potential (Delta mu H(+)) that is generated by the oxidation of endogenous amino acids and sensitive to ionophores, and (2) a Delta mu H(+)-independent facilitated diffusion system (K(m)=1.31 mM). The 2-oxoglutarate transport system of S. aureus 17810S can be classified as a new member of the MHS (metabolite:H(+) symporter) family. This transporter takes up various dicarboxylic acids in the order of affinity: succinate = malate > fumarate > 2-oxoglutarate > glutamate. Energy conservation with 2-oxoglutarate was studied in starved cells of strain 17810S. Initial transport of 2-oxoglutarate in these cells is energized by Delta mu H(+) generated via hydrolysis of residual ATP. Subsequent oxidation of the accumulated 2-oxoglutarate generates Delta mu H(+) for further, autoenergized transport of this 2-oxoacid and also for Delta mu H(+)-linked resynthesis of ATP. In the cadmium-sensitive S. aureus 17810S, Cd(2+) accumulation strongly inhibits energy conservation with 2-oxoglutarate at the level of Delta mu H(+) generation, without direct blocking of the 2-oxoglutarate transport system or ATP synthase complex. In the cadmium-resistant S. aureus 17810R, Cd(2+) does not affect energy conservation due to its extrusion by the Cd(2+) efflux system (Cd(2+)-ATPase of P-type), which prevents Cd(2+) accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical Academy, Lubartowska 85, 20-123 Lublin, Poland. mikrob@asklepios.am.lublin.pl
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tynecka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Korona-Głowniak
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loś
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids; D002104:Cadmium; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex