title: Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage associated with complex cardiac anatomy.
abstract: Patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) presenting with associated complex cardiac anatomy have a markedly less favorable prognosis when compared to patients with isolated TAPVD. The impact of associated cardiac lesions on the pathophysiology of TAPVD and the wide array of operative strategies for surgical palliation is discussed. Copyright 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Iowa at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Christopher A.
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Caldarone
authors.forename: Douglas M.
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Behrendt