title: Acute urinary retention: defining the need and timing for pressure-flow studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the utility of "late" pressure-flow studies in predicting the outcome of prostatectomy for acute urinary retention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight patients with acute urinary retention were prospectively assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score and pressure-flow studies at a median (range) of 24 (13-60) days after the episode of retention, and before transurethral resection of the prostate. Bladder outlet obstruction and bladder contractility were graded using a modified adaptation of Schäfer's passive urethral linear resistance relation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six (97%) patients generated a voluntary detrusor contraction, with a mean (range) detrusor pressure at maximum flow of 72.7 (5-144) cmH2O, and 43 (75%) patients were deemed to be obstructed. Eight (16%) patients failed to void after prostatectomy and required clean intermittent catheterization. There were statistically significant differences between successful and unsuccessful patients in mean (SD) age, at 66.30 (6.9) vs 78.8 (2.6) years (P = 0.001), detrusor instability (49% vs 0%, P = 0.01), inability to void during pressure study (8% vs 75%, P = 0.001), and maximal detrusor pressure in the voiding phase, at 80 (36.0) vs 19 (11.2) cmH2O (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with acute urinary retention, pressure-flow studies undertaken after a period of adequate bladder rest (> 3 weeks) are useful in predicting the surgical outcome. Old age, absence of bladder instability, inability to void during the pressure-flow study and a maximal detrusor pressure of < 20 cmH2O are associated with a poor outcome after prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India. anant@sgpgi.ac.in
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandhani
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology; D014563:Urodynamics