title: Content validity of a Scale to measure silencing and affectivity among women living with HIV/AIDS.
abstract: This study measured quantitatively and explored qualitatively silencing behaviors and affectivity (mood) in women living with HIV/AIDS and confirmed the validity of the Silencing the Self Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Silencing behaviors are interpersonal communication styles that suppress personal needs and feelings to preserve relationships with others. Silencing behaviors serve as protective strategies that allow one to divorce oneself from an overbearing culture. Affectivity is a way of measuring one's personal mood state by a positive to negative continuum. The results indicate that the women silenced themselves profoundly, especially when it came to putting the needs of their children or dependents before their own. The women also had high levels of negative affectivity. The research findings from this study extend nursing knowledge by addressing the unique social processes of women living with HIV/AIDS within health care service structures and significant social groups. Further exploration of "silencing" as a phenomenon of this group through measurement and experience will help define specific interventions that are meaningful to and for women living with HIV/AIDS.
authors.affiliation: Boston College, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeMarco
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Deffenbaugh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000533:Altruism; D001900:Boston; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004532:Ego; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011581:Psychological Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012919:Social Behavior