title: [Estradiol enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation via a nitric oxide pathway].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mechanisms by which estradiol dilates arterial vessels are still unclear. Our aim was to study if estradiol enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation in an experimental model of human arteries in vitro, and if this effect is nitric oxide mediated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using organ bath chambers, we studied 18 arterial rings obtained from left internal mammary arteries during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Response to acetylcholine was evaluated at baseline and after the addition of estradiol 10-6 mol/l to the medium, both in the presence or absence of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NNA 10-4 mol/l).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estradiol significantly enhanced the relaxation of the arterial rings in response to acetylcholine (52 +/- 20% after estradiol versus 42 +/- 22% at baseline; n = 10; p = 0.02). However, endothelium-dependent vasodilation relaxation after estradiol addition was not enhanced in the presence of L-NNA (47 +/- 25% after estradiol versus 38 +/- 22% at baseline; n = 8; p = NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estradiol in vitro enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation of internal human mammary artery rings; this effect is blunted after the addition to the medium of a nitric oxide inhibitor. Therefore, the vasodilator properties of estradiol at the studied dosage depend on the nitric oxide pathway.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sitges
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roqué
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Solanes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rigol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heras
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roig
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luis Pomar
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sanz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004958:Estradiol; D009638:Norepinephrine