title: Altered endothelin receptor expression in prehepatic portal hypertension predisposes the liver to microcirculatory dysfunction in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelin (ET) is one of the most active vascular regulators in the liver. It is unknown how partial portal vein ligation (PPVL) induced prehepatic portal hypertension influences the response of the liver to ET and its agonists. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the expression of ET receptors and its functional significance after PPVL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Competitive receptor binding study and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed using liver homogenates after 2 weeks of PPVL or sham operation in rats. Hepatic microcirculation was evaluated in vivo using intravital microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although there was no significant difference in dissociation constant (Kd) and total amount of receptors (Bmax) between sham and PPVL, the proportion of ET(B) receptor was significantly increased in PPVL. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the up-regulation of ET(B) receptors demonstrated by the competitive receptor binding assay. In the functional study, infusion of ET(B) agonist (IRL 1620) in a low dosage did not change the hepatic microcirculation in sham but strongly constricted the sinusoids leading to a reduction of sinusoidal perfusion in PPVL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that prehepatic portal hypertension may predispose the hepatic microcirculation to dysregulation in stress conditions where ET is upregulated.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wawrzyniak
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baveja
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sonin
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008102:Liver Circulation; D008833:Microcirculation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C074308:sovateltide