title: Down-regulation of IgE and IgG4 antibodies to tetanus toxoid and diphtheria toxoid by covaccination with cellular Bordetella pertussis vaccine.
abstract: Pertussis (P) toxin acts as adjuvant for IgE formation against simultaneously administered Ags in animal models. P vaccination may also have an adjuvant impact on IgE formation against coadministered diphtheria (D) and tetanus (T) Ags in humans. Sera of 103 D-T-P-immunized and 319 D-T-immunized children aged 2 years were analyzed for IgE, IgG4, and IgG to D and T (radioallergosorbent test), total IgE and IgE against common inhalant allergens (CAP radioallergosorbent test fluoroenzyme immunoassay). Fewer D-T-P- than D-T-immunized children had sera positive for T-IgE (12.6 vs 53.6%, p < 0.001), T-IgG4 (71.6 vs 89.2%, p < 0.001), D-IgE (31.0 vs 70.5%, p < 0.001), and D-IgG4 (85.2 vs 93.4%, p = 0.039). Suppression of T-IgE was not dependent on the cutoff chosen for a positive test result, but was dependent on the proportion of D-T immunizations given with P. The risk for sensitization to common environmental allergens did not differ (odds ratio 0.953, 95% confidence interval 0.815-1.114). No significant differences between D-T- and D-T-P-immunized children were found with regard to T-IgG or D-IgG. In summary, IgE and IgG4 (but not IgG) serum levels to coadministered D- and T-Ags are suppressed among P-immunized children as compared with nonimmunized children. These results suggest that the presence of a microbial product during Ag exposure can down-regulate an IgE/IgG4 response in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité-Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany. christoph.gueber@charite.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grüber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dannemann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sommerfeld
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wahn
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Aalberse
mesh_terms: D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000276:immunology; D022422:Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000276:immunology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D022422:Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D007073:Immunoglobulin E