title: A novel bradykinin-related peptide from skin secretions of toad Bombina maxima and its precursor containing six identical copies of the final product.
abstract: Amphibian skin contains rich bradykinin-related peptides, but the mode of biosynthesis of these peptides is unknown. In the present study, a novel bradykinin-related peptide, termed bombinakinin M, was purified from skin secretions of the Chinese red belly toad Bombina maxima. Its primary sequence was established as DLPKINRKGPRPPGFSPFR that comprises bradykinin extended from its N-terminus by a 10-residue segment DLPKINRKGP. The cDNA structure of bombinakinin M was found to contain a coding region of 624 nucleotides. The encoded precursor of bombinakinin M is composed of a signal peptide, an acidic peptide, six 100% identical copies of a 28-amino-acid peptide unit including bombinakinin M plus a spacer peptide. The sequence of bombinakinin M is preceded by a single basic residue (arginine), which represents the site of cleavage for releasing of mature bombinakinin M. This is the first cDNA cloning of bradykinin-related peptides from amphibian skin. The unique cDNA structure encoding bombinakinin M suggests that the generation modes of bradykinin-related peptides in amphibian skin and in mammalian blood system are different.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Toxinology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hui Lee
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D001483:Base Sequence; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D007704:Kininogens / Q000235:genetics; D007705:Kinins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007704:Kininogens; D007705:Kinins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; C434747:bombinakinin M; D001920:Bradykinin