title: Proliferative and apoptotic differences between alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes: a comparative study of tumors containing PAX3-FKHR or PAX7-FKHR gene fusions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS) have chromosome translocations and resultant gene fusion products. The more common translocation fuses the PAX3 and FKHR genes; patients who have PAX3-FKHR-positive ARMS have reduced event-free survival compared to patients with ARMS containing the less common translocation that fuses the PAX7 and FKHR genes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined histology, immunohistochemical markers of differentiation, and cell cycle characteristics of a panel of ARMS containing either PAX3-FKHR or PAX7-FKHR transcript to determine if these features differ between the ARMS subsets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell cycle parameters varied significantly: the number of nuclei that stained with either an immunohistochemical marker of proliferation (MIB1), or a TUNEL-based assay for apoptosis was significantly greater in tumors that expressed PAX3-FKHR compared to tumors that expressed PAX7-FKHR transcript.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that compared to PAX7-FKHR-containing tumors, ARMS that contain PAX3-FKHR transcript have (1) increased cell proliferation, consistent with greater loss of cell cycle regulation, and (2) apoptosis that is increased but insufficient to prevent tumor formation. More marked cell cycle dysregulation may contribute to poorer prognosis for patients with ARMS that have PAX3-FKHR fusion. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:83-89.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. COLV5Q@CHMCC.ORG
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Womer
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Barr
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D019677:Artificial Gene Fusion; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018232:Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C491709:PAX4 protein, human; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; C497321:PAX7 protein, human; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors