title: Penetrating stab wounds to the abdomen: use of serial US and contrast-enhanced CT in stable patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) for the initial assessment of penetrating abdominal stab wounds in patients who presented to the emergency department without indication for immediate laparotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 36 months, 32 patients with a penetrating stab wound to the abdomen were examined with serial US (at admission and 12 hours later) and helical CT, with contrast material administered orally, intravenously, and rectally. Presence of hemoperitoneum and integrity of solid and hollow viscera were evaluated with both methods. Sonograms were interpreted by the radiologist who performed the examination, and CT images were independently evaluated by two radiologists. Findings of both techniques were compared with clinical outcome and/or surgical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One (3.1%) of 32 patients required surgery: Surgical findings were massive hemoperitoneum and an extensive hepatic laceration. Both US and CT depicted these abnormalities. Thirty-one (96.9%) patients were treated conservatively, without surgery, and remained asymptomatic during 28 days of clinical follow-up after discharge from the hospital. US and/or CT showed intraperitoneal abnormalities in 21 of these patients. In 11 patients, both methods showed no evidence of visceral injury or hemoperitoneum, and none of these patients required surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serial US and CT help guide treatment for stable patients with penetrating stab injuries to the abdomen.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Calle 64 x Carrera 51D, Medellín, Colombia. jorgeasoto@aol.com
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Múnera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanabria
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guevara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suárez
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006465:Hemoperitoneum / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014951:Wounds, Stab / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media