title: Nickel requires hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, not redox signaling, to induce plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.
abstract: Human epidemiological and animal studies have associated inhalation of nickel dusts with an increased incidence of pulmonary fibrosis. At the cellular level, particulate nickel subsulfide inhibits fibrinolysis by transcriptionally inducing expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, an inhibitor of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Because nickel is known to mimic hypoxia, the present study examined whether nickel transcriptionally activates PAI-1 through the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha signaling pathway. The involvement of the NADPH oxidase complex, reactive oxygen species, and kinases in mediating nickel-induced HIF-1 alpha signaling was also investigated. Addition of nickel to BEAS-2B human airway epithelial cells increased HIF-1 alpha protein levels and elevated PAI-1 mRNA levels. Pretreatment of cells with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor U-0126 partially blocked HIF-1 alpha protein and PAI-1 mRNA levels induced by nickel, whereas antioxidants and NADPH oxidase inhibitors had no effect. Pretreating cells with antisense, but not sense, oligonucleotides to HIF-1 alpha mRNA abolished nickel-stimulated increases in PAI-1 mRNA. These data indicate that signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase and HIF-1 alpha is required for nickel-induced transcriptional activation of PAI-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Klei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barchowsky
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009532:Nickel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000502:physiology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012402:Rotenone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012402:Rotenone; D009532:Nickel; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D010770:Phosphotransferases; C017557:nickel subsulfide