title: Fluorosulfonyl- and bis-(beta-chloroethyl)amino-phenylamino functionalized pyrazolo[4,3-e]1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives: irreversible antagonists at the human A3 adenosine receptor and molecular modeling studies.
abstract: A series of pyrazolotriazolopyrimidines was previously reported to be highly potent and selective human A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists (Baraldi et al. J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43, 4768-4780). A derivative having a methyl group at the N(8) pyrazole combined with a 4-methoxyphenylcarbamoyl moiety at N(5) position, displayed a K(i) value at the hA(3) receptor of 0.2 nM. We now describe chemically reactive derivatives which act as irreversible inhibitors of this receptor. Electrophilic groups, specifically sulfonyl fluoride and nitrogen mustard (bis-(beta-chloroethyl)amino) moieties, have been incorporated at the 4-position of the aryl urea group. Membranes containing the recombinant hA(3) receptor were preincubated with the compounds and washed exhaustively. The loss of ability to bind radioligand following this treatment indicated irreversible binding. The most potent compound in irreversibly binding to the receptor was 14, which contained a sulfonyl fluoride moiety and a propyl group at the N(8) pyrazole nitrogen. The bis-(beta-chloroethyl)amino derivatives displayed a much smaller degree of irreversible binding than the sulfonyl fluoride derivatives. A computer-generated model of the human A(3) receptor was built and analyzed to help interpret these results. The model of the A(3) transmembrane region was derived using primary sequence comparison, secondary structure predictions, and three-dimensional homology building, using the recently published crystal structure of rhodopsin as a template. According to our model, sulfonyl fluoride derivatives could dock within the hypothetical TM binding domain, adopting two different energetically favorable conformations. We have identified two amino acids, Ser247 and Cys251, both in TM6, as potential nucleophilic partners of the irreversible binding to the receptor.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. pgb@dns.unife.it
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Baraldi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cacciari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.lastname: Ji Xd
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gessi
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Borea
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spalluto
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C433821:5-(((4-fluorosulfonylphenyl)amino)carbonyl)amino-8-n-propyl-2-(2-furyl)pyrazolol(4,3-e)1,2,4-triazolo(1,5-c)pyrimidine; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D011743:Pyrimidines; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins