title: Rectal cancer in anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula: sphincter-restoring surgery by anterior resection and dynamic vaginoanograciloplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the anosphincter-restoring procedure adopted in an adult patient with rectal cancer, affected by anorectal atresia and rectovestibular fistula not previously treated.
  
  
  METHODS
  After anterior resection and transverse dissection of the rectovaginal septum, a straight double-staple low colorectal anastomosis was performed. A subcutaneous tunnel was extended from the inter-rectovaginal space, surrounding the pseudoanal orifice. The tunnel housed a left gracilis muscle arranged counter-clockwise and connected to an implanted stimulator. The vaginal and anorectal flaps were sutured longitudinally, thereby spacing out the two orifices and creating an anorectal angle. A temporary loop right colostomy was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The postoperative course was uneventful. After continuous electrostimulation training and colostomy takedown, the patient had improved continence (stimulator on) and normal defecation (stimulator off).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The solution described seemed a suitable alternative to a pull-through procedure, which would have involved a colocutaneous anastomosis and the loss of the anorectal sensory function. Any previous anal transposition or pull-through procedures would have prevented the saving of the pre-existing "anus," because of the interruption of the residual mesenteric vascular supply to the anorectal remnant secondary to mesorectal excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Parma Medical School, Ospedale Maggiore, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Violi
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Boselli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Costi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roncoroni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D003125:Colostomy; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005242:Fecal Incontinence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012003:Rectal Fistula / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome