Use of complement receptor 1 (CD35) assay in the diagnosis and prognosis of immune complex mediated glomerulopathies.
Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) is a polymorphic glycoprotein expressed on erythrocytes, leukocytes and glomerular podocytes and has a major role in immune complex processing. In addition, it regulates the complement cascade activation by preventing formation of classical and alternative pathway convertases and by acting as a cofactor for Factor I mediated cleavage of C3. In this study, we have examined the expression of erythrocyte CR1 (E-CR1) and glomerular CR1 (G-CR1) in different kinds of nephropathies using ELISA and immunofluorescence microscopy to understand their role in immune complex (IC) mediated renal diseases. E-CR1 was significantly reduced in all categories of lupus nephritis in comparison to normal subjects and non-IC renal diseases. However, other IC mediated diseases like IgA nephropathy and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis had normal E-CR1 levels. G-CR1 showed distinct differences between IC and non-IC mediated diseases. G-CR1 was virtually absent in lupus kidneys. In other IC mediated diseases, there was a correlation of G-CR1 expression to the IC and complement fragment deposition. G-CR1 serves as a useful diagnostic marker for IC mediated diseases while E-CR1 is useful as a prognostic marker to monitor the course of disease after the treatment has initiated.
Raju
K R
KR
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Sivasankar
B
B
Anand
V
V
Luthra
K
K
Tiwari
S C
SC
Dinda
A K
AK
Das
N
N
Srivastava
L M
LM
D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007105:Immune Complex Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007194:India; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011951:Receptors, Complement / Q000032:analysis*; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b / Q000032:analysis*
D011951:Receptors, Complement; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b