Male breast cancer--a reappraisal of clinical and biologic indicators of prognosis.
Between 1970 and 1998, 90 cases of male breast cancer with available pathological material were retrieved. The disease often presented in aged patients (median--66 years) and as advanced stage (stage III/IV-51%). Excluding stage IV disease, the neoplasia were predominantly ductal invasive carcinomas. NOS (not otherwise specified) (92%), grade 1 and grade 2 (94%), positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors (72% and 74%), negative for androgen receptors (100%), p53 negative (95%), c-erbB-2 negative (88%) and DNA aneuploid (73%). Assessment of disease outcome is determined by stage at time of diagnosis, and axillary lymph node status was the only parameter found to have a statistically significant correlation with either disease-free interval or overall survival (p < 0.001) by multivariate analysis. Clinically useful information on the probability of relapse can be added by determining c-erbB-2 (p = 0.02) and progesterone receptors (p = 0.04) in stage III and tumor ploidy (p = 0.04) in pN1 subgroups of patients.
André
S
S
Departamento de Patologia Morfológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Francisco Gentil, Centro de Lisboa, Portugal.
Fonseca
I
I
Pinto
A E
AE
Cardoso
P
P
Pereira
T
T
Soares
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000782:Aneuploidy; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53