title: Expression and regulation of prostate androgen regulated transcript-1 (PART-1) and identification of differential expression in prostatic cancer.
abstract: Prostate androgen regulated transcript 1 (PART-1), is a gene predominantly expressed in the prostate gland and is regulated by androgens in human prostate cancer cell lines. Here, we report additional characteristics of PART-1 tissue expression and hormonal regulation and study its expression profile in human normal and matched prostate cancer tissues. Since PART-1 shows similarity to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate specificity and regulation, we hypothesized that it may be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis or may be a potential new biomarker. We used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to further characterize PART-1 tissue expression and hormonal regulation in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. RT-PCR analysis revealed that PART-1 is expressed not only in the prostate and salivary gland, but also in other tissues, including the thymus and placenta. In addition to androgen stimulation, PART-1 is also up-regulated by progestins, oestrogens and glucocorticoids. We further studied the expression of PART-1 in 27 paired (from the same patient) cancerous and non-cancerous prostatic tissues, with qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR (LightCycler technology), in order to examine whether PART-1 is overexpressed or underexpressed in cancer. Our results indicated that PART-1 is more frequently overexpressed in the cancerous prostatic tissue. We conclude that this gene is overexpressed in prostate cancer and may represent a novel prostate cancer tumour marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sidiropoulos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Diamandis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; C407989:JTB protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger