title: Bony ankylosis following thermal and electrical injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bony ankylosis has been described following trauma, paralysis, psoriasis, Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile chronic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Reports of bony ankylosis following thermal and electrical injury are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen cases of burn-related joint ankylosis in four patients are presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with burns from thermal or electrical injury may develop bony ankylosis among other radiographic manifestations. This bony ankylosis may result either from bridging extra-articular heterotopic ossification with preservation of the underlying joint or from intra-articular fusion due to joint destruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Balen
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Helms
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D002058:Burns, Electric / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D004551:Elbow Joint; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014955:Wrist Joint