title: Cyclin E overexpression as an independent risk factor of visceral relapse in breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prognostic value of the cyclin E overexpression in breast cancer has not been clearly established, especially in relation to the pattern of recurrence. We investigated the implication of cyclin E overexpression for the pattern of recurrence in Korean breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunohistochemical methods, we retrospectively examined the cyclin E expression level in breast cancer specimens from 128 women who underwent curative breast surgery, and correlated the levels of expression with the pattern of relapse in patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cox model-based multivariate analysis indicated that distant relapse could be predicted by the number of positive axillary lymph nodes, high cyclin E expression, and the younger age (<35 years) of the patient. We tested further the association of cyclin E overexpression with the specific types of recurrence; multivariate analyses indicated that adjusted relative risks of bone and visceral relapse as the first events among high cyclin E group were 2.46 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86-7.02) (P=0.092), and 3.98 (95% CI, 1.23-12.94) (P=0.022), respectively. On the other hand, cyclin E overexpression was not associated with the risk of locoregional relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that cyclin E overexpression in primary breast carcinoma tissue could independently predict the risk of distant relapse, especially of visceral relapse, as the first failure after curative breast surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28, Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000032:analysis*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019927:Cyclin E; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases