title: Role of ovarian hormones in the pathogenesis of impaired detrusor contractility: evidence in ovariectomized rodents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility is a common urodynamic finding in elderly subjects, to our knowledge its pathogenesis remains unknown. Biopsy studies indicate that subjects with detrusor hyperactivity and impaired contractility have ultrastructural evidence of dysjunction and degeneration patterns in isolated detrusor hyperactivity and impaired contractility, respectively. Based on the known cellular effects of estrogen we postulated that declines in ovarian hormone production may contribute to the pathogenesis of detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mature 13 to 14-month-old female Fisher 344 rats were studied 4 months after bilateral ovariectomy or sham surgery. Detrusor structure was evaluated by electron microscopy and contractility was evaluated by muscle strip studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After bilateral ovariectomy detrusor smooth muscle decreased by 25% with a 12% decrease in the number of nucleated muscle profiles and degenerative changes in many axons. Muscle strips from bilaterally ovariectomized animals generated 40% to 50% less tension per strip in response to carbachol than strips of equal size from sham operated animals with no apparent change in muscarinic receptor affinity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral ovariectomy resulted in many changes of the degeneration ultrastructural pattern but in none of the characteristic features of the dysjunction pattern. Our results indicate that the mature rodent detrusor and its innervation are sensitive to prolonged ovarian hormonal deficiency, contributing to impaired contractility in rodents. Future studies are required to establish whether estrogen has a role in the degeneration ultrastructural pattern or impaired contractility in humans.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marouf
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Dion
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elbadawi
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kuchel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D004967:Estrogens; D002217:Carbachol