title: The basis for IL-2-induced IL-2 receptor alpha chain gene regulation: importance of two widely separated IL-2 response elements.
abstract: The interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL-2Ralpha) chain is an essential component of high-affinity IL-2 receptors. Accordingly, IL-2Ralpha expression helps to regulate T cell growth and other lymphoid functions. Lineage-restricted and activation-dependent IL-2Ralpha transcription is controlled by three upstream positive regulatory regions (PRRs). We now describe an additional IL-2 response element, PRRIV, within intron 1, in humans and mice. PRRIV activity requires GAS motifs that bind Stat5 proteins and additional upstream HMG-I(Y) binding sites. Moreover, IL-2 induces the binding of HMG-I(Y), Stat5a, and Stat5b in vivo to PRRIV and PRRIII, which also functions as an IL-2 response element. Thus, the IL-2 inducibility of the IL-2Ralpha gene is unexpectedly mediated by two widely separated regulatory Stat5-dependent elements, located both upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation sites.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D025741:HMGA1a Protein; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D020218:Response Elements; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008894:Milk Proteins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494092:STAT5A protein, human; C494095:STAT5B protein, human; C494093:Stat5a protein, mouse; C494096:Stat5b protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025741:HMGA1a Protein; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I