title: Acyl derivatives of demethylpenclomedine, an antitumor-active, non-neurotoxic metabolites of penclomedine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to compare the antitumor activities of a series of acyl derivatives of 4-demethylpenclomedine (DM-PEN), the major plasma metabolite of penclomedine (PEN) observed to be an active antitumor agent in vivo and non-neurotoxic in a rat model with that of DM-PEN.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acyl derivatives were prepared from DM-PEN and evaluated in vivo against human MX-1 breast tumor xenografts implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) or intracerebrally (i.c.). Several derivatives were also evaluated against other human tumor xenografts and murine P388 leukemia cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Several of the acyl derivatives were found to be superior to DM-PEN against MX-1, human ZR-75-1 breast tumor, human U251 CNS tumor and the P388 leukemia parent cell line and lines resistant to cyclophosphamide and carmustine. 4-Demethyl-4-methoxyacetylpenclomedine showed inferior activity to current clinical brain tumor drugs against a glioma cell line, superior activity to temozolomide and procarbazine against the derived mismatch repair-deficient cell line, and superior activity to cyclophosphamide and carmustine but inferior activity to temozolomide against two ependymoma cell lines, all of which were implanted s.c.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proposed mechanisms of activation and action of DM-PEN and the acyl derivatives support the potential clinical superiority of the acyl derivatives.
authors.affiliation: Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35255-5305, USA. struck@sri.org
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Struck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keir
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Waud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010847:Picolines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010847:Picolines; C058388:penclomedine