title: Use of complement receptor 1 (CD35) assay in the diagnosis and prognosis of immune complex mediated glomerulopathies.
abstract: Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) is a polymorphic glycoprotein expressed on erythrocytes, leukocytes and glomerular podocytes and has a major role in immune complex processing. In addition, it regulates the complement cascade activation by preventing formation of classical and alternative pathway convertases and by acting as a cofactor for Factor I mediated cleavage of C3. In this study, we have examined the expression of erythrocyte CR1 (E-CR1) and glomerular CR1 (G-CR1) in different kinds of nephropathies using ELISA and immunofluorescence microscopy to understand their role in immune complex (IC) mediated renal diseases. E-CR1 was significantly reduced in all categories of lupus nephritis in comparison to normal subjects and non-IC renal diseases. However, other IC mediated diseases like IgA nephropathy and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis had normal E-CR1 levels. G-CR1 showed distinct differences between IC and non-IC mediated diseases. G-CR1 was virtually absent in lupus kidneys. In other IC mediated diseases, there was a correlation of G-CR1 expression to the IC and complement fragment deposition. G-CR1 serves as a useful diagnostic marker for IC mediated diseases while E-CR1 is useful as a prognostic marker to monitor the course of disease after the treatment has initiated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sivasankar
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Luthra
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dinda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007105:Immune Complex Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007194:India; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011951:Receptors, Complement / Q000032:analysis*; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011951:Receptors, Complement; D017463:Receptors, Complement 3b