title: Symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease: development of a questionnaire for use in clinical trials.
abstract: Many persons who suffer from GERD report additional symptoms, e.g., chest pain, dyspepsia, dysphagia, that are often not measured in clinical trials even though they may be distressing to the GERD sufferer. The primary goal of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric characteristics of a new GERD symptom scale measuring frequency, severity, and distress. The GERD Symptom Assessment Scale (GSAS) was administered to a sample of 169 GERD sufferers at baseline and two weeks. Internal consistency, construct validity, and test-retest reliability were assessed. Responsiveness was evaluated using clinical trial data assessing drug efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal consistency was >0.80 for the symptom severity and distress scales. All three scales showed stability over two weeks (ICC >0.70). Both validity hypotheses were supported. Comparison of effect sizes showed the GSAS is sensitive to changes in severity of symptoms. In conclusion, the GSAS is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of GERD symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Janssen Research Foundation, Titusville, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Farup
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Helbers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeldis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000209:etiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires