title: Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein for treatment of anemia in chronic renal insufficiency.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP) is a glycoprotein with a threefold longer terminal half-life than recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in humans. The aim of this study was to determine whether NESP is effective for the treatment of anemia at a reduced dosing frequency relative to rHuEPO in patients with chronic renal failure not yet on dialysis [chronic renal insufficiency (CRI)].
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a multicenter, randomized, open-label study. A total of 166 rHuEPO-naive patients with CRI were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to receive NESP (0.45 microg/kg once weekly) or rHuEPO (50 U/kg twice weekly) administered subcutaneously for up to 24 weeks. Dose adjustments were made as necessary to achieve a hemoglobin response, defined as an increase > or =1.0 g/dL from baseline and a concentration > or = 11.0 g/dL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 24-week treatment period, 93% (95% CI, 87 to 97%) of patients receiving NESP and 92% (95% CI, 78 to 98%) of patients receiving rHuEPO achieved a hemoglobin response. The median time to response was seven weeks (range of 3 to 25 weeks) in both groups. After correction of anemia, mean hemoglobin concentrations were maintained within the target range of 11.0 to 13.0 g/dL for the remainder of the 24-week treatment period. The safety profiles of NESP and rHuEPO were similar, and no antibodies were detected to either drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that NESP safely and effectively corrects and maintains hemoglobin concentrations at a reduced dosing frequency relative to rHuEPO in patients with CRI, providing a potential benefit to patients and health care providers.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale A. Manzoni, Lecco, Italy. nefrologia@ospedale.lecco.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olivares
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilkie
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin