title: Pin1 regulates turnover and subcellular localization of beta-catenin by inhibiting its interaction with APC.
abstract: Phosphorylation on a serine or threonine residue preceding proline (Ser/Thr-Pro) is a key regulatory mechanism, and the conformation of certain phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro bonds is regulated specifically by the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Whereas the inhibition of Pin1 induces apoptosis, Pin1 is strikingly overexpressed in a subset of human tumours. Here we show that Pin1 regulates beta-catenin turnover and subcellular localization by interfering with its interaction with adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC). A differential-display screen reveals that Pin1 increases the transcription of several beta-catenin target genes, including those encoding cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Manipulation of Pin1 levels affects the stability of beta-catenin in vitro. Furthermore, beta-catenin levels are decreased in Pin1-deficient mice but are increased and correlated with Pin1 overexpression in human breast cancer. Pin1 directly binds a phosphorylated Ser-Pro motif next to the APC-binding site in beta-catenin, inhibits its interaction with APC and increases its translocation into the nucleus. Thus, Pin1 is a novel regulator of beta-catenin signalling and its overexpression might contribute to the upregulation of beta-catenin in tumours such as breast cancer, in which APC or beta-catenin mutations are not common.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, HIM 1047, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ryo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wulf
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D000072340:NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010769:Phosphothreonine / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014162:Transfection; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D000072340:NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051176:beta Catenin; D010769:Phosphothreonine; C000606846:PIN1 protein, human; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; C000606850:Pin1 protein, mouse