title: Differential regulation of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha RNA expression by MEK1 inhibitor after focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
abstract: Activation of the extracellular-signal-responsive kinase (ERK 1/2) by MAP kinase/ERK kinase (MEK1/2) following ischemia/reperfusion in the brain has been associated with cell death since inhibition of MEK1/2 provides neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia injury. Since inflammation has been implicated in ischemic brain injury, the present study investigated whether MEK1/2 modifies expression of two key inflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNFalpha, that have been shown to exacerbate ischemic brain injury. A mouse model of transient cerebral ischemia was deployed to test the effect of selective MEK1/2 inhibitor (SL327) on infarct size and cytokine expression. SL327 (100 mg/kg, i.p.) administered 15 min prior to ischemia resulted in 64% reduction in infarct size over controls (n = 8, P < 0.01). Under the same condition, SL327 significantly reduced peak expression of IL-1beta mRNA (59% reduction compared to vehicle, P < 0.01, n = 4) but not TNF-alpha mRNA. A parallel reduction in IL-1beta protein (67%, P < 0.05, n = 6) was also observed using ELISA analysis. These data suggest that the neuroprotective effect of MEK1/2 inhibition may be mediated by suppression of IL-1beta. The study also demonstrates for the first time that these two cytokines are differentially regulated by kinase mediated signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Venkatachalam
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Trzaskos
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: G Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Feuerstein
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000607:Aminoacetonitrile / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C424127:SL 327; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000607:Aminoacetonitrile; D012313:RNA; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; C482127:Map2k1 protein, mouse; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases