title: Comparison of oil and phytosterol levels in germplasm accessions of corn, teosinte, and Job's tears.
abstract: Seeds of 49 accessions of corn (Zea mays ssp. mays), 9 accessions of teosinte (Zea species that are thought to be ancestors and probable progenitors to corn), and 3 accessions of Job's tears (Coix lacryma), obtained from a germplasm repository, were ground and extracted with hexane. Whole kernel oil yields and levels of four phytonutrients (free phytosterols, fatty acyl phytosterol esters, ferulate phytosterol esters, and gamma-tocopherol) in the oils were measured. Among the seeds tested, oil yields ranged from 2.19 to 4.83 wt %, the levels of ferulate phytosterol esters in the oil ranged from 0.047 to 0.839 wt %, the levels of free phytosterols in the oil ranged from 0.54 to 1.28 wt %, the levels of phytosterol fatty acyl esters in the oil ranged from 0.76 to 3.09 wt %, the levels of total phytosterols in the oil ranged from 1.40 to 4.38 wt %, and the levels of gamma-tocopherol in the oil ranged from 0.023 to 0.127 wt %. In general, higher levels of all three phytosterol classes were observed in seed oils from accessions of Zea mays ssp. mays than in seed oils from accessions of the other taxonomic groups. The highest levels of gamma-tocopherol were observed in teosinte accessions.
authors.affiliation: Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moreau
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Hicks
mesh_terms: D003314:Corn Oil / Q000032:analysis*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D024505:Tocopherols; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010840:Phytosterols; D003314:Corn Oil; D024505:Tocopherols