title: Computational tools for exact conditional logistic regression.
abstract: Logistic regression analyses are often challenged by the inability of unconditional likelihood-based approximations to yield consistent, valid estimates and p-values for model parameters. This can be due to sparseness or separability in the data. Conditional logistic regression, though useful in such situations, can also be computationally unfeasible when the sample size or number of explanatory covariates is large. We review recent developments that allow efficient approximate conditional inference, including Monte Carlo sampling and saddlepoint approximations. We demonstrate through real examples that these methods enable the analysis of significantly larger and more complex data sets. We find in this investigation that for these moderately large data sets Monte Carlo seems a better alternative, as it provides unbiased estimates of the exact results and can be executed in less CPU time than can the single saddlepoint approximation. Moreover, the double saddlepoint approximation, while computationally the easiest to obtain, offers little practical advantage. It produces unreliable results and cannot be computed when a maximum likelihood solution does not exist.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, 3900 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-3900, U.S.A. corcoran@math.usu.edu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Senchaudhuri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D002415:Cats; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D003273:Contraceptive Devices / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents