title: [Identification and genetic variability of annatto genotypes (Bixa orellana L.) by means of hydrosoluble proteins and isoenzymes].
abstract: In order to identify and to determine the genetic variability of 36 annatto genotypes (Bixa orellana L.) collected in five Venezuelan regions (Oriente, Centro, Llanos, Andes and Amazonas) and in Brazil, hydrosoluble protein patterns as well as specific isozyme patterns (alpha-esterase, beta-esterase and peroxidase) were studied using extracts of germinated annatto seeds with radicles of 10 to 15 mm long. Each electrophoretic system allowed genotype discrimination by means of unique banding patterns: both the hydrosoluble protein and the electrophoretic system of beta-esterase with nine banding patterns each; whilst alpha-esterase and peroxidase discriminated eight and three genotypes, respectively. On the other hand, a combination of all the systems permitted a greater discrimination since 34 out of 36 genotypes could be distinguished. Eight mayor groups were formed that showed high levels of genetic diversity (40 to 60%) with no association between geographic and genetic distances, probably because of human influence in the aleatory distribution of this crop. Results obtained indicated that using electrophoretic banding patterns, a classification system could be established for identification and genetic variability purposes in this species.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones en Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto de Genética, Apartado 4579, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay 2101, Venezuela.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michelangeli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Díaz
mesh_terms: D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D014687:Venezuela
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins
vernacular_title: Identificación y variabilidad genética de genotipos de onoto (Bixa orellana L.) mediante el uso de proteínas hidrosolubles e isoenzimas.