The metabolic puzzle during the evolution of HIV infection.
Abnormalities in energy, protein, lipid and glucose metabolism have been described in HIV patients since the beginning of the epidemic. With the new antiretroviral agents, nutritional status and survival have improved dramatically. However, since these therapies were introduced, there have been more descriptions of metabolic abnormalities, some of which were similar to and others of which were in conflict with those reported in previous years. This paper reviews the complexity of the metabolic abnormalities in HIV infections before and after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and discusses such etiopathogenic mechanisms as secondary infections, antiretroviral drugs and persistent immune activation, which may be involved in these derangements.
Salas-Salvadó
J
J
Human Nutrition Unit, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
García-Lorda
P
P
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D019247:HIV Wasting Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000139:chemically induced; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D011480:Protease Inhibitors