title: Cost-effectiveness of the Mpowerment Project, a community-level intervention for young gay men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous evaluation demonstrated that the Mpowerment Project community-level intervention for young gay men reduces HIV risk behaviors. The current analysis was undertaken to estimate the intervention's health and economic outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective cost-effectiveness analysis. We estimated HIV infections averted, the gain in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), cost per infection averted, and net cost. Using a population-level model, we portrayed two epidemic scenarios: the first with stable HIV prevalence and the other with rising HIV prevalence. Inputs included behavior change resulting from the intervention and program cost data. Cost was calculated from three perspectives: societal; societal excluding volunteer time; and that of a community-based organization (CBO). Outcomes were calculated for 1, 5 (baseline), and 20 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Mpowerment Project averted an estimated 2.0 to 2.3 HIV infections in the first year (according to the epidemic scenario), 5.0 to 6.2 over 5 years, and 9.2 to 13.1 over 20 years. The societal cost per HIV infection averted was estimated at between $14,600 and $18,300 over 5 years. Costs per infection averted were 28% lower when excluding volunteer time and 35% lower from the CBO perspective. Net savings were $700,000 to $900,000 over 5 years from the societal perspective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Mpowerment Project is cost-effective compared with many other HIV prevention strategies. The cost per HIV infection prevented is far less than the lifetime medical costs of HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS) and AIDS Research Institute (ARI), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. jgkahn@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kegeles
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hays
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Beltzer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015397:Program Evaluation; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012189:Retrospective Studies