title: Methylphenidate (OROS formulation).
abstract: Methylphenidate is a CNS stimulant that is thought to block the reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) into the presynaptic neuron. A sustained release (OROS formulation of the drug has been developed for use in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In children aged 6 to 12 years with ADHD, the maximum plasma concentration of OROS methylphenidate 18 to 54 mg was reached after approximately 7 to 8 hours. In adults, the plasma concentration-time profile of OROS methylphenidate differed markedly from that of the sustained release and immediate release (IR) methylphenidate formulations. In a clinical trial involving 282 children with ADHD, once daily OROS methylphenidate 18 to 54 mg was significantly more effective than placebo and demonstrated an effect similar to IR methylphenidate 5 to 15 mg 3 times daily in reducing the symptoms of ADHD. OROS methylphenidate demonstrated sustained efficacy in a 1-year noncomparative study involving children with ADHD. In clinical trials, the OROS formulation of methylphenidate had a tolerability profile similar to that of IR methylphenidate.
authors.affiliation: Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Keating
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jarvis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D008774:Methylphenidate