title: Selective expression of FLIP in malignant melanocytic skin lesions.
abstract: FLIP (FLICE Inhibitory Protein) is a recently identified intracellular inhibitor of caspase-8 activation that potently inhibits cell death mediated by all death receptors including Fas and TRAIL. FLIP has recently been shown to favor tumor growth and immune escape in mouse tumor models. We analyzed FLIP expression by immunohistochemistry in a panel of 61 benign and malignant human melanocytic skin lesions. FLIP expression was undetectable in all but one benign melanocytic lesion (31/32, 97%). In contrast, FLIP was strongly expressed in most melanomas (24/29 = 83%). Overexpression of FLIP by transfection in a Fas- and TRAIL-sensitive human melanoma cell line rendered this cell line more resistant to death mediated by both TRAIL and FasL. Selective expression of FLIP by human melanomas may confer in vivo resistance to FasL and TRAIL, thus representing an additional mechanism by which melanoma cells escape immune destruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Medical School, Switzerland.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bullani
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huard
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Viard-Leveugle
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Byers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irmler
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Saurat
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschopp
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008545:Melanoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D009506:Nevus; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506386:CFLAR protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C506387:Cflar protein, mouse; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha