title: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in preoperatively obtained plasma from patients with gynecological cancer or benign gynecological diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was planned to measure preoperative levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in plasma from patients with gynecological diseases, and to test for a relationship to clinical and biochemical patient characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a specific and sensitive kinetic ELISA, suPAR levels were determined in preoperative citrate plasma samples from 53 ovarian, 34 endometrial, and 30 cervical cancer patients, 17 patients with benign ovarian tumors, and 28 patients with benign endometrial diseases. In addition, suPAR was measured in citrate samples from 31 female blood donors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  suPAR was measurable in all samples. No significant difference was found between plasma suPAR in the blood donors and the patients with benign diseases (P = 0.58). The groups of cancer patients had suPAR levels that were significantly higher than those found in the blood donors (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.001 for patients with ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer, respectively). In all groups of cancer patients a trend toward increasing suPAR levels with increasing FIGO stage was noted (P = 0.0003, P = 0.02, and P = 0.01 for patients with ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer, respectively). Using the median suPAR level to dichotomize the ovarian cancer patients, FIGO stages I-III, a significantly increased risk of progression/relapse was found for patients with high suPAR levels (Hazard ratio (HR) = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.8, P = 0.03). A multivariate analysis was performed, including suPAR, FIGO stage, and CA-125. Only FIGO stage III compared with FIGO stage I was significant (HR = 15, 95% CI: 1.8-129, P = 0.01). Survival analyses were not performed in the endometrial or cervical cancer patients due to few progressions/relapses during the follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study concludes that patients with gynecological cancers have elevated plasma suPAR levels as compared with healthy female blood donors and patients with benign gynecological diseases. In addition, high preoperative plasma levels of suPAR are significantly associated with poor outcome of ovarian cancer patients. However, additional studies are needed to further validate the clinical usefulness of plasma suPAR measurements in the management of ovarian cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riisbro
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brünner
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heilmann
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: von Tempelhoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012995:Solubility; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018394:CA-125 Antigen; C524898:PLAUR protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator