title: Hindlimb unweighting decreases endothelium-dependent dilation and eNOS expression in soleus not gastrocnemius.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that hindlimb unweighting (HLU) decreases endothelium-dependent vasodilation and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) in arteries of skeletal muscle with reduced blood flow during HLU. Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g) were exposed to HLU (n = 15) or control (n = 15) conditions for 14 days. ACh-induced dilation was assessed in muscle with reduced [soleus (Sol)] or unchanged [gastrocnemius (Gast)] blood flow during HLU. eNOS and SOD-1 expression were measured in feed arteries (FA) and in first-order (1A), second-order (2A), and third-order (3A) arterioles. Dilation to infusion of ACh in vivo was blunted in Sol but not Gast. In arteries of Sol muscle, HLU decreased eNOS mRNA and protein content. eNOS mRNA content was significantly less in Sol FA (35%), 1A arterioles (25%) and 2A arterioles (18%). eNOS protein content was less in Sol FA (64%) and 1A arterioles (65%) from HLU rats. In arteries of Gast, HLU did not decrease eNOS mRNA or protein. SOD-1 mRNA expression was less in Sol 2A arterioles (31%) and 3A arterioles (29%) of HLU rats. SOD-1 protein content was less in Sol FA (67%) but not arterioles. SOD-1 mRNA and protein content were not decreased in arteries from Gast. These data indicate that HLU decreases endothelium-dependent vasodilation, eNOS expression, and SOD-1 expression primarily in arteries of Sol muscle where blood flow is reduced during HLU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. woodmanc@missouri.edu
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Woodman
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Schrage
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hasser
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Laughlin
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000201:enzymology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D019417:Hindlimb Suspension / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; C000606292:Sod1 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D000109:Acetylcholine