title: [Impaired cerebral glutamate metabolism in mental diseases (Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia].
abstract: There is strong evidence for the involvement of the neurotransmitter glutamate system in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. In these mental diseases, the brain shows changes in the levels of glutamate and in the function and expression of its transporters and receptors. Since the levels of glutamate are largely determined by the rate of its metabolism, the changes of its concentrations may be associated with dysfunctions of appropriate enzymes. Actually, disturbances of glutamate metabolic enzymes, such as glutaminase, glutamate decarboxylase, and glutamine synthetase were detected in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The alterations in the expression of glutamine synthetase, glutamine synthetase-like protein, and three isoenzymes of glutamate dehydrogenase in the frontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia suggest that there are impaired glutamate metabolism in this mental disease and Alzheimer's disease.
authors.forename: G Sh
authors.initials: GSh
authors.lastname: Burbaeva
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Boksha
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Turishcheva
authors.forename: O K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Savushkina
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Tereshkina
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Vorob'eva
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D001344:Autopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005972:Glutaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D005972:Glutaminase; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase
vernacular_title: Narushenie metabolizma glutamata v mozge pri psikhicheskoĭ patologii (bolezn' Al'tsgeĭmera, shizofreniia).