title: Local uncaging of caged Ca(2+) reveals distribution of Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels in pancreatic acinar cells.
abstract: In exocrine acinar cells, Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels in the apical membrane are essential for fluid secretion, but it is unclear whether such channels are important for Cl(-) uptake at the base. Whole-cell current recording, combined with local uncaging of caged Ca(2+), was used to reveal the Cl(-) channel distribution in mouse pancreatic acinar cells, where approximately 90% of the current activated by Ca(2+) in response to acetylcholine was carried by Cl(-). When caged Ca(2+) in the cytosol was uncaged locally in the apical pole, the Cl(-) current was activated, whereas local Ca(2+) uncaging in the basal or lateral areas of the cell had no effect. Even when Ca(2+) was uncaged along the whole inner surface of the basolateral membrane, no Cl(-) current was elicited. There was little current deactivation at a high cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)), but at a low [Ca(2+)](c) there was clear voltage-dependent deactivation, which increased with hyperpolarization. Functional Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels are expressed exclusively in the apical membrane and channel opening is strictly regulated by [Ca(2+)](c) and membrane potential. Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels do not mediate Cl(-) uptake at the base, but acetylcholine-elicited local [Ca(2+)](c) spiking in the apical pole can regulate fluid secretion by controlling the opening of these channels in the apical membrane.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Secretory Control Research Group, Physiological Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lomax
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tepikin
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D051379:Mice; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D018118:Chloride Channels; D002118:Calcium