title: Expression of costimulatory CD80/CD86-CD28/CD152 molecules in nasal mucosa of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  B7 molecules (CD80, CD86) and their counter-receptors, CD28 and CD152 (CTLA-4), play an important role in T cell-mediated immune responses. We previously demonstrated that B7 molecules are selectively up-regulated not only on B cells but also on T cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with perennial rhinitis cultured with allergen. However, the expression of CD80/CD86 molecules and their counter-receptors in nasal mucosa, the actual inflammatory site of allergic rhinitis, has not yet been clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inferior turbinates from patients with either allergy to house dust or non-allergic rhinitis were excised and immunohistologically stained. In addition, the inferior turbinates were challenged with paper discs containing extracts of house dust and subsequently excised. Samples were double stained with immunofluorescent-labelled antibody to identify cells bearing CD86.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without the nasal provocation, only the expression of CD86 was increased in nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis compared with those with non-allergic rhinitis. However, following the nasal provocation with house dust, not only CD86, but also CD80, CD28, and CD152 were significantly expressed in allergic patients. Immunofluorescent double staining revealed CD86 expression in CD19, CD1a, CD14 and CD3 lymphocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the expression of CD80/CD86 molecules and their counter-receptors is induced in allergic patients following nasal provocation with allergen, suggesting a local amplification of allergen-specific immune responses in perennial rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akagi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Satoskar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069594:Abatacept