title: Asbestos lung fibre concentrations in South African chrysotile mine workers.
abstract: Mesothelioma has not been found in South African chrysotile miners and millers despite decades of producing about 100000 tons of the mineral per year. One possible explanation for the scarcity or absence of the cancer may be a relative lack of contaminating fibrous tremolite, an amphibole that variably occurs with chrysotile ores. The fibre content in the lungs of nine former chrysotile mine workers was ascertained by transmission electron microscopy. Despite fairly long service in most cases (median 9.5 yr; range 32-4 yr) the concentrations of chrysotile fibres were relatively low: only two cases exceeded 1.14 million fibres/g dried lung. Tremolite fibre levels were even lower: less than 1 million fibres/g dried lung in all but one case. Tremolite fibre concentrations exceeded those of chrysotile in only two cases. These results support the contention that South African chrysotile is not heavily contaminated by tremolite.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Occupational Health, University of Witwatersrand, P.O. Box 4788, Johannesburg, South Africa. david@ncoh.pwv.gov.za
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garton
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Pooley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001194:Asbestos / Q000032:analysis; D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole / Q000032:analysis*; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019016:Mineral Fibers / Q000032:analysis; D008906:Mining; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine; D019016:Mineral Fibers; D001194:Asbestos; C005846:tremolite