title: The AP diameter of the pelvis: a new criterion for continence in the exstrophy complex?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reconstructive surgery of bladder exstrophy remains a challenge. By using CT of the pelvis, we suggest a new pre- and post-operative investigative procedure to define the AP diameter (APD) as a predictive criterion for continence in this anomaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three axial CT slices were selected in nine children with exstrophy who had undergone neonatal reconstructive surgery. The three levels selected were the first sacral plate, the mid acetabular plane and the superior pubic spine. We used combined slices to measure: APD = distance between the first sacral vertebra and the pubic symphysis. Pubic diastasis (PD). Three angles defined on the transverse plane of the first sacral vertebra--iliac wing angle, sacropubic angle and acetabular version.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In exstrophy, the angles demonstrate opening of the iliac wings and the pubic ramus, and acetabular retroversion compared to controls. Comparisons between controls, continent and incontinent patients reveal that in continent patients, APD increases with growth and seems to be a predictive criterion for continence, independent of diastasis of the pubic symphysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that CT of the pelvis with measurements of the APD should be performed in all neonates with bladder exstrophy before reconstructive surgery and for better understanding of the malformation. The APD seems to be predictive and may be a major criterion for continence, independent of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hôpital St Vincent de Paul, 82 av Denfert Rochereau, 75674 Paris Cedex 14, France. c.adamsbaum@svp.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ait-Ameur
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wakim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubousset
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalifa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adamsbaum
mesh_terms: D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed