title: Volume kinetics of Ringer's solution during induction of spinal and general anaesthesia.
abstract: The kinetics of an i.v. infusion of 20 ml x kg(-1) of Ringer's solution over 60 min was studied in patients undergoing spinal (n=10) and general (n=10) anaesthesia. The induction resulted in similar changes in volume kinetic parameters in both groups. When a one-volume model was employed (n=8), however, the infusion expanded a smaller body fluid space in the four patients who had received preoperative enteric lavage (3.3 vs 8.3 litres), which is consistent with hypovolaemia. When a two-volume model was statistically justified (n=12), the induction reduced the rate of fluid equilibration between a fairly small central (V1, mean 1.4 litres) and a peripheral body fluid space by about 50% (P<0.01). The kinetic analysis suggested that a rapid fluid load of 350 ml given over 2 min just after the induction could possibly prevent arterial hypotension because of central hypovolaemia. This was confirmed in five additional patients.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institute, Department of Anaesthesia, Söder Hospital, S-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ewaldsson
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D000077331:Ringer's Solution
chemical_list: D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077331:Ringer's Solution