Friedrich Miescher Prize awardee lecture review. A conserved family of nuclear export receptors mediates the exit of messenger RNA to the cytoplasm.
The distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells is the segregation of RNA biogenesis and DNA replication in the nucleus, separate from the cytoplasmic machinery for protein synthesis. As a consequence, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and all cytoplasmic RNAs from nuclear origin need to be transported from their site of synthesis in the nucleus to their final cytoplasmic destination. Nuclear export occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and is mediated by saturable transport receptors, which shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The past years have seen great progress in the characterization of the mRNA export pathway and the identification of proteins involved in this process. A novel family of nuclear export receptors (the NXF family), distinct from the well-characterized family of importin beta-like proteins, has been implicated in the export of mRNA to the cytoplasm.
Izaurralde
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EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany. izaurralde@embl-heidelberg.de
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D001363:Awards and Prizes; D001665:Binding Sites; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C418480:NXF-1 protein, C elegans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; C073119:TAP1 protein, human; C026452:messenger ribonucleoprotein