title: Relationship of therapists' attitudes, children's motor ability, and parenting stress to mothers' perceptions of therapists' behaviors during early intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Federal law mandates family-centered care as the service delivery model in early intervention programs for children from birth to 36 months of age. This study investigated the relationship of therapists' attitudes, children's motor ability, and parenting stress to mothers' perceptions of physical therapists' family-centered behaviors during early intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five physical therapists and 75 mother-child dyads (3 from each therapist's caseload) participated. The mean chronological age for the children was 21.2 months (SD=7.3, range=6-35). Mothers participated in a structured interview using the Measures of Processes of Care (MPOC-56), and they completed the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) and a questionnaire. The Bayley-II Motor Scale was administered to the children. Therapists completed a modified version of the Measures of Processes of Care for Service Providers (MPOC-SP) and a questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scores for mothers on the MPOC-56 and for therapists on the MPOC-SP indicated strong positive perceptions and attitudes toward family-centered behaviors. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that parenting stress explained a considerable amount of the variance in mothers' perceptions of family-centered behaviors, whereas therapists' attitudes explained a considerable amount of the variance in mothers' perceptions of respectful and supportive care. Children's motor ability was inversely related to parenting stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that mothers perceive that physical therapists are using family-centered behaviors in early intervention. Findings from the questionnaires suggest that some early intervention policies may be barriers for therapists and prevent them from actualizing attitudes toward family-centered behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, MCP Hahnemann University, 245 N 15th St, Mail Stop 502, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. moneil@drexel.edu
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: O'Neil
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Palisano
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Westcott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000592:standards*; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires