Molecular analysis of kinetochore-microtubule attachment in budding yeast.
The complex series of movements that mediates chromosome segregation during mitosis is dependent on the attachment of microtubules to kinetochores, DNA-protein complexes that assemble on centromeric DNA. We describe the use of live-cell imaging and chromatin immunoprecipitation in S. cerevisiae to identify ten kinetochore subunits, among which are yeast homologs of microtubule binding proteins in animal cells. By analyzing conditional mutations in several of these proteins, we show that they are required for the imposition of tension on paired sister kinetochores and for correct chromosome movement. The proteins include both molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins (MAPs), implying that motors and MAPs function together in binding chromosomes to spindle microtubules.
He
X
X
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Rines
D R
DR
Espelin
C W
CW
Sorger
P K
PK
D001692:Biological Transport; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002842:Chromatids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D002843:Chromatin; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins