title: Stent-based delivery of sirolimus reduces neointimal formation in a porcine coronary model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of stent-based delivery of sirolimus (SRL) alone or in combination with dexamethasone (DEX) to reduce in-stent neointimal hyperplasia. SRL is a potent immunosuppressive agent that inhibits SMC proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stents were coated with a nonerodable polymer containing 185 microgram SRL, 350 microgram DEX, or 185 microgram SRL and 350 microgram DEX. Polymer biocompatibility studies in the porcine and canine models showed acceptable tissue response at 60 days. Forty-seven stents (metal, n=13; SRL, n=13; DEX, n=13; SRL and DEX, n=8) were implanted in the coronary arteries of 16 pigs. The tissue level of SRL was 97+/-13 ng/artery, with a stent content of 71+/-10 microgram at 3 days. At 7 days, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and retinoblastoma protein expression were reduced 60% and 50%, respectively, by the SRL stents. After 28 days, the mean neointimal area was 2.47+/-1.04 mm(2) for the SRL alone and 2.42+/-1.04 mm(2) for the combination of SRL and DEX compared with the metal (5.06+/-1.88 mm(2), P<0.0001) or DEX-coated stents (4.31+/-3.21 mm(2), P<0.001), resulting in a 50% reduction of percent in-stent stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stent-based delivery of SRL via a nonerodable polymer matrix is feasible and effectively reduces in-stent neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting cellular proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kopia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Llanos
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilensky
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Klugherz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papandreou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Narayan
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Leon
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tio
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Falotico
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000517:prevention & control; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000032:analysis; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011108:Polymers; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D003907:Dexamethasone; D020123:Sirolimus