title: Risk of betel chewing for oesophageal cancer in Taiwan.
abstract: Among 104 cases of squamous-cell oesophageal carcinoma patients and 277 controls in Taiwan, after adjusting for cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and other confounders, we found that subjects who chewed from 1 to 495 betel-year and more than 495 betel-years (about 20 betel quid per day for 20 years) had 3.6-fold (95% Cl = 1.3-10.1) and 9.2-fold risk (95% Cl = 1.8-46.7), respectively, of developing oesophageal cancer, compared to those who did not chew betel.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. mingtsangwu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology