title: Impact of off-pump coronary artery surgery on myocardial performance and beta-adrenoceptor function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the hemodynamic changes during beating heart revascularization of the left anterior descending artery, the circumflex artery, and the right coronary artery as well as cardiovascular beta-adrenoceptor function before and after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University department of cardiothoracic anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients scheduled for off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery using the Octopus 2 stabilizer system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isoproterenol, 4 microg, was administered intravenously after induction of anesthesia and again after surgery to monitor cardiac beta-receptor function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hemodynamic responses to isoproterenol and cardiovascular variables were monitored before, during, and after immobilization of the target coronary artery with catheters in the radial and pulmonary arteries. During surgery on the left anterior descending artery (n = 23), stroke volume and cardiac index decreased 17 mL (21%) and 400 mL (17%). During revascularization of the circumflex artery (n = 9), stroke volume and cardiac index decreased 19 mL (28%) and 300 mL (17%). During surgery on the posterior aspect of the heart (n = 13), stroke volume and cardiac index decreased 22 mL (29%) and 400 mL (17%). All the cardiovascular variables had returned to baseline values 5 minutes after releasing the heart. The hemodynamic responses to isoproterenol were equal before and after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that the hemodynamic changes associated with off-pump surgery on the 3 major coronary arteries are similar and of short duration. No desensitization of cardiovascular beta-adrenoceptors was found. This finding is in contrast to the deterioration in beta-adrenoceptor function seen after surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eldrup
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yndgaard
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Berthelsen
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D013318:Stroke Volume
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D007545:Isoproterenol