title: Nitric oxide potentiates response of trigeminal neurones to dural or facial stimulation in the rat.
abstract: Infusing glyceryl trinitrate as a donor molecule, we have used electrophysiological and c-fos immunostaining techniques to study the effects of nitric oxide on neurones in the nucleus trigeminalis caudalis. Following infusion of glyceryl trinitrate, responses of neurones to electrical stimulation of periorbital cutaneous afferents were potentiated and threshold for activation of neurones by stimulation of dural afferents was reduced. Expression of c-fos was unchanged by glyceryl trinitrate compared to saline controls. Intradermal injection of capsaicin in the periorbital area increased c-fos expression in nucleus trigeminalis caudalis; this was significantly potentiated by glyceryl trinitrate. These results suggest that, in the anaesthetized rat, glyceryl trinitrate alone may not acutely activate the trigeminovascular system to a significant degree at doses that cause headache and later trigger migraine headache in migraineurs. Nevertheless, it is susceptible to exogenous nitric oxide in that activation of trigeminal neurones through cutaneous or dural pathways is potentiated. This may in some measure underlie the pathogenesis of migraine headache.
authors.affiliation: Sensory Function Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Guy's, King's & St Thomas's Hospital Medical Schools, London, UK. martyn.g.jones@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lever
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005996:Nitroglycerin