title: Evolution of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in Europe from 1992-1996.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The working group Coronary Circulation of the European Society of Cardiology has been conducting a yearly survey on coronary interventions in Europe. The purpose of this study is to present the evolution of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with epidemiological and economic implications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary interventions were polled by questionnaires distributed to all institutions performing cardiac catheterization. Aggregated country data of the years 1992-1996 on indication, type of procedure, technique, and outcome of coronary interventions were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Population-adjusted coronary angiographies and PTCA procedures increased by 76% and by 105%, respectively. The Percentage of coronary stenting increased from zero to almost half of all procedures. Analysis per country groups reveals considerable variation, ranging, e.g. for PTCA in 1996 from 157 procedures per million population in a group of eastern countries to 1138 in a central European group. Relating total revascularization (R) to standardized death rate for ischaemic heart disease (SDR) and to gross domestic product (GDP), there was an increase from 1.0 to 1.8 R/SDR and 40 to 61 R/GDP in the central European group compared with an increase from 0.06 to 0.18 R/SDR and 43 to 85 R/GDP in the eastern group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An overall increase in PTCAs at an annual rate between 15 and 25% was observed. The wide variation in the use of PTCA in Europe appears to be dependent mostly on economic factors and national health care policies.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Windecker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boersma
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics* / Q000639:trends*; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003625:Data Collection; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D015607:Stents / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D016019:Survival Analysis; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology