title: High-efficiency beam extraction and collimation using channeling in very short bent crystals.
abstract: A silicon crystal was used to channel and extract 70 GeV protons from the U-70 accelerator with an efficiency of 85.3+/-2.8%, as measured for a beam of approximately 10(12) protons directed towards crystals of approximately 2 mm length in spills of approximately 2 s duration. The experimental data follow very well the prediction of Monte Carlo simulations. This demonstration is important in devising a more efficient use of the U-70 accelerator in Protvino and provides crucial support for implementing crystal-assisted slow extraction and collimation in other machines, such as the Tevatron, RHIC, the AGS, the SNS, COSY, and the LHC.
authors.affiliation: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, 142281, Russia.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Afonin
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Baranov
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Biryukov
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Breese
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Chepegin
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Chesnokov
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guidi
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Kotov
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Scandale
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefancich
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Terekhov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trbojevic
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Troyanov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vincenzi