title: Transconjunctival versus transcutaneous approach in upper and lower blepharoplasty.
abstract: In this article, we review the traditional transcutaneous upper lid blepharoplasty technique and contrast it to the newly described transconjunctival upper lid blepharoplasty technique that has limited indications. The technique and application of the skin-muscle flap transcutaneous lower lid blepharoplasty and the transconjunctival lower lid blepharoplasty are also discussed. We prefer the transconjunctival lower lid blepharoplasty as it circumvents the risk of lower eyelid retraction associated with the transcutaneous approach. We also discuss application of adjunctive procedures to the transconjunctival approach to enhance cosmetic results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 310 East 14th Street, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jacono
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000601:surgery; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000601:surgery; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans