title: Accelerated degradation of cellular FLIP protein through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in p53-mediated apoptosis of human cancer cells.
abstract: Apoptosis is a morphologically distinct form of programmed cell death that plays a major role in cancer treatments. This cellular suicide program is known to be regulated by many different signals from both intracellular and extracellular stimuli. Here we report that p53 suppressed expression of the cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP) that potentially blocks apoptotic signaling in human colon cancer cell lines expressing mutated and wild-type p53. In contrast, the expression of the death receptor KILLER/DR5 (TRAIL-R2) had no effect on FLIP expression, although exogenous p53 is known to induce KILLER/DR5 expression. In line with these observations, FLIP-negative cancer cells were sensitive to both p53- and KILLER/DR5-mediated apoptosis, whereas cells containing high levels of FLIP underwent apoptotic cell death when triggered by ectopic p53 expression but not by KILLER/DR5 expression. Treating the cells with a specific inhibitor of the proteasome inhibited the decrease of FLIP by p53, suggesting that p53 enhances the degradation of FLIP via a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Thus, the data indicate that p53-mediated downregulation of FLIP may explain the potent sensitization of human cancer cells to the apoptotic suicide program induced by wild-type p53 gene transfer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukazawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Teraishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoshima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschopp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506386:CFLAR protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D014452:Ubiquitins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex