title: Functional cloning, based on azole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and characterization of Rhizopus nigricans redox carriers that are differentially involved in the P450-dependent response to progesterone stress.
abstract: The filamentous fungus Rhizopus nigricans responds to treatment with progesterone by inducing P450-associated redox carriers. Selection for azole resistance following expression of a cDNA library constructed with RNA from progesterone-treated R. nigricans in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the identification of CPR1-FL and CYB5-1 cDNAs, which code for functionally competent NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and cytochrome b5, respectively. The central region (CPR2-CS) of an additional reductase gene sharing 66% identity with CPR1-FL was cloned from progesterone-induced mRNA by RT-PCR, using primers based on consensus sequences. Northern analysis of the 2.1-kb transcripts revealed that, of the two cloned reductase genes, only CPR1-FL mRNA was strongly induced by progesterone; transcription of CYBS-1 and CPR2-CS mRNAs was not significantly affected. Analysis of the subcellular localization and function of the R. nigricans reductase in yeast indicated that the CPR1-FL cDNA and a derivative (CPR1-S) truncated at the first ATG codon gave rise to functionally equivalent products that were found in both cytosolic and microsomal fractions. In contrast, addition of an in-frame initiation codon at the 5' end of the CPR1-FL sequence resulted in localization of the activity mainly to the microsomes, and improved ketoconazole resistance but decreased NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity in the host strain. These findings suggest that, of the three genes for P450-associated redox carriers investigated, only CPR1-FL is associated with the progesterone response and that its major transcript encodes a reductase that shows an unusual pattern of subcellular localization.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kunic
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Truan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Breskvar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pompon
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015786:Cytochromes b5 / Q000235:genetics*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D015786:Cytochromes b5; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase