title: Mutant prion proteins are partially retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: Familial prion diseases are linked to point and insertional mutations in the prion protein (PrP) gene that are presumed to favor conversion of the cellular isoform of PrP to the infectious isoform. In this report, we have investigated the subcellular localization of PrP molecules carrying pathogenic mutations using immunofluorescence staining, immunogold labeling, and PrP-green fluorescent protein chimeras. To facilitate visualization of the mutant proteins, we have utilized a novel Sindbis viral replicon engineered to produce high protein levels without cytopathology. We demonstrate that several different pathogenic mutations have a common effect on the trafficking of PrP, impairing delivery of the molecules to the cell surface and causing a portion of them to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum. These observations suggest that protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum may play an important role in prion diseases, as it does in some other inherited human disorders. Our experiments also show that chimeric PrP molecules with the sequence of green fluorescent protein inserted adjacent to the glycolipidation site are post-translationally modified and localized normally, thus documenting the utility of these constructs in cell biological studies of PrP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110-1093, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barmada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kummer
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D011328:Prions / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012845:Sindbis Virus / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D011328:Prions; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins