title: Increased soluble P-selectin levels in hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis: correlation with viral load.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet functional abnormalities are commonly found in patients with chronic liver disease; however, their nature and clinical significance are still a matter of discussion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin, a marker of in vivo platelet activation) levels, lipid pattern, and clotting activity were investigated in 39 patients with histologically confirmed chronic C hepatitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum factor VIIc (P < 0.01), total cholesterol (P < 0.005), high density lipoprotein (P < 0.001), and low density lipoprotein (P<0.05) levels were lower in patients compared with healthy subjects, whereas triglyceride and fibrinogen levels were similar in both groups. Platelet counts were lower in chronic hepatitis patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001), and approximately 20% of patients had thrombocytopenia (platelet counts < 110 x 10(3)/microL). Platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (PAIgG) was present in 30.8% of patients. Plasma sP-selectin levels were higher in hepatitis C patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001), and significant differences were observed with respect to the Scheuer score (P < 0.01). The analysis of the distribution of plasma sP-selectin showed the presence of higher levels in patients with low platelet counts compared with patients with normal platelet counts and controls (P < 0.0001); moreover, sP-selectin levels did not correlate with the presence of PAIgG. On the other hand, sP-selectin levels directly correlated with serum hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA (P < 0.05) and inversely correlated with platelet count, blood lipids, and factor VIIc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in this study support the hypothesis that HCV infection might be directly responsible for a condition of in vivo platelet activation in patients with chronic C hepatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferroni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mammarella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paoletti
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cardarello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Labbadia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donnarumma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Matteis
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Gazzaniga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musca
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basili
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D015539:Platelet Activation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019007:P-Selectin; D012367:RNA, Viral