title: Influence of training on NIRS muscle oxygen saturation during submaximal exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endurance training improves the oxygen delivery and muscle metabolism. Muscle oxygen saturation measured by near infrared spectroscopy (IR-SO(2)), which is primarily influenced by the local delivery/demand balance, should thus be modified by training. We examined this effect by determining the influence of change in blood lactate and muscle capillary density with training on IR-SO(2) in seven healthy young subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two submaximal exercise tests at 50% (Ex1) and 80% pretraining VO(2max) (Ex2) were performed before and after a 4-wk endurance-training program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VO(2max) increased only slightly (+8%, NS) with training but the training effect was confirmed by the increased capillary density (+31%, P < 0.01) and citrate synthase activity (50%, P < 0.01), determined from muscle biopsy samples. Before training, blood lactate increased during the first 5 min of Ex1 and then remained constant (3.8 +/- 0.5 mmol x L(-1), P < 0.01), whereas it increased continuously during Ex2 (8.9 +/- 1.8 mmol x L(-1), P < 0.001). After training, lactate decreased significantly and remained constant during the two bouts of exercise (2.0 +/- 0.4 and 3.7 +/- 1.2 at the end of Ex1 and Ex2, respectively, both P < 0.001). During Ex1, IR-SO(2) dropped initially at the onset of exercise and recovered progressively without reaching the resting level. Training did not change this pattern of IR-SO(2). During Ex2, IR-SO(2) decreased progressively during the 15 min of exercise (P < 0.05); IR-SO2 kept constant after the initial drop after training. We found a significant relationship (r = 0.42, P = 0.03) between blood lactate and IR-SO(2) at the end of both bouts of exercise; this relationship was closer before training. By contrast, IR-SO(2) or IR-BV was not related to the capillary density.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The training-induced adaptation in blood lactate influences IR-SO(2) during mild- to hard-intensity exercise. Thus, NIRS could be used as a noninvasive monitoring of training-induced adaptations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie, GIP Exercice, Faculté de Médecine, Université J. Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France. costes@univ-st-etienne.fr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Costes
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Prieur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Féasson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geyssant
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barthélémy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D010100:Oxygen