title: Hypercalcaemia and elevated 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) levels associated with disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in AIDS.
abstract: Hypercalcaemia may complicate granulomatous diseases, such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, and various AIDS-related opportunistic infections and malignancies. We report here two patients with AIDS and disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection who developed symptomatic hypercalcaemia several weeks after commencing antimycobacterial chemotherapy, and in whom inappropriately elevated 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)levels were documented. Although vitamin D supplementation may have contributed, no other cause for the hypercalcaemia was found. The biochemical and clinical similarities between these cases and other hypercalcaemic granulomatous diseases suggest a common mechanism related to macrophage activation and dysregulated vitamin D production.
authors.affiliation: Infection Management Services, Southern Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Playford
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Looke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whitby
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Hogan
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D009162:Mycobacterium avium; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000097:blood; D014391:Tuberculosis, Miliary / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; C406322:vitamin D 1-alpha hydroxylase; D002118:Calcium