title: Multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone and cognitive development of mice offspring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the effect of multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone, used for lung maturation, on long-term cognition of mice offspring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty gravid CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments (n = 10 per group): 0.1 mg betamethasone or saline placebo, given subcutaneously either once daily on gestational days 13-16 or twice daily on days 14 and 15. This dose of betamethasone given on gestational day 14 causes fetal lung maturation in mice. Three offspring per gender in each litter underwent standard cognitive tasks as juveniles and as adults. Analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis testing was used to compare data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Learning acquisition and memory were indistinguishable between the betamethasone-exposed and the corresponding placebo-exposed offspring when performing the following tasks: juvenile runway with adult memory, adult water runway and Morris spatial maze. This lack of difference in task performance between treatment groups persisted after controlling for gender and for each multiple-course regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids did not impact the mouse offsprings' long-term learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73190, USA.
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Rayburn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005325:Fetal Organ Maturity / Q000187:drug effects; D005865:Gestational Age; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D010919:Placebos; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D010919:Placebos; D001623:Betamethasone