title: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the episodes of Staph.aureus bacteremia diagnosed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, to determine the source of infection, risk factors, the outcome of treatment and to compare our results with those reported in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study in which the episodes of Staph.aureus bacteremia diagnosed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the period from June 1996 to December 1998 were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 103 episodes of Staph.aureus bacteremia were diagnosed in 95 patients with a mean age of 33.61 years (range 2 months to 90 years) and male:female ratio of 1.9:1. More than 50% of patients were Saudi nationals. Hospital-acquired infection was detected in 74% of the episodes versus 25% community-acquired. Methicillin resistant Staph.aureus was found in 29% of the episodes. Intravenous catheters and wounds were the main sources of bacteremic episodes (29% and 21%). The overall mortality was 32% with significant association with old age, diabetes mellitus and hemodialysis for renal failure. Risk factors such as surgical wounds, diabetes mellitus and malignancy, were more frequently associated with hospital-acquired than community-acquired bacteremia. Infective endocarditis was higher in patients with community-acquired bacteremia who had unknown source of infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As discussed in the text, our results are comparable with those reported in the literature. Insertion of intravenous catheters under aseptic precaution, better care and judicious limitation of patients length of exposure to central line, in addition to proper wound dressings could reduce the frequency of blood stream infections.
authors.affiliation: King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21415, PO Box 18298, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Akbar
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mushtaq
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: El-Tahawi
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bahnasy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017053:Infection Control; D016015:Logistic Models; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D016896:Treatment Outcome