title: Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylates group III metabotropic glutamate receptors and inhibits their function as presynaptic receptors.
abstract: Recent evidence suggests that the functions of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are tightly regulated by protein kinases. We previously reported that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) directly phosphorylates mGluR2 at a single serine residue (Ser843) on the C-terminal tail region of the receptor, and that phosphorylation of this site inhibits coupling of mGluR2 to GTP-binding proteins. This may be the mechanism by which the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin inhibits presynaptic mGluR2 function at the medial perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. We now report that PKA also directly phosphorylates several group III mGluRs (mGluR4a, mGluR7a, and mGluR8a), as well as mGluR3 at single conserved serine residues on their C-terminal tails. Furthermore, activation of PKA by forskolin inhibits group III mGluR-mediated responses at glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus. Interestingly, beta-adrenergic receptor activation was found to mimic the inhibitory effect of forskolin on both group II and III mGluRs. These data suggest that a common PKA-dependent mechanism may be involved in regulating the function of multiple presynaptic group II and group III mGluRs. Such regulation is not limited to the pharmacological activation of adenylyl cyclase but can also be elicited by the stimulation of endogenous G(s)-coupled receptors, such as beta-adrenergic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Saugstad
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ciombor
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schaffhauser
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hubalek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Duvoisin
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Conn
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011422:Propionates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C114785:2-amino-4-phosphono-propinate; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D011422:Propionates; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C102718:metabotropic glutamate receptor 3; D005576:Colforsin; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D007545:Isoproterenol