title: Serial [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography after human neuronal implantation for stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no known effective treatment for chronic stroke. In this report, we used positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to map the metabolic brain response to neuronal cell implantation in the first human neuroimplantation trial for stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients (nine men, three women; mean age +/- standard deviation, 60.8+/-8.3 yr) with chronic basal ganglia infarction and persistent motor deficit underwent FDG PET within 1 week before and 6 and 12 months after stereotactic implantation of human neuronal cells. Serial neurological evaluations during a 52-week postoperative period included the National Institutes of Health stroke scale and the European stroke scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alterations in glucose metabolic activity in the stroke and surrounding tissue at 6 and 12 months after implantation correlated positively with motor performance measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG PET performed as part of an initial open-label human trial of implanted LBS-Neurons (Layton BioScience, Sunnyvale, CA) for chronic stroke demonstrates a relationship between relative regional metabolic changes and clinical performance measures. These preliminary findings suggest improved local cellular function or engraftment of implanted cells in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213-2582, USA. meltzercc@radserv.arad.upmc.edu
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondziolka
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Villemagne
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Thulborn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gebel
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DeCesare
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009474:Neurons / Q000637:transplantation*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose