title: P3 event-related potential, dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele, and sensation-seeking in adult children of alcoholics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research has indicated a close relationship between the P3 event-related potential and the dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele in individuals at high risk for alcoholism. Other research has suggested an association between the dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele and sensation-seeking. In this study, we further examined the relationships between the P3, the A1 allele, and sensation-seeking in a sample of nonalcoholic adult children of alcoholics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 57; range, 19-30 years; 41 women), who performed a visual novelty oddball task to elicit the P3, were asked to fill in personality questionnaires, including Zuckerman's Sensation-Seeking Scale, and were classified according to the presence of the dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele. The effects of sex, age, and socioeconomic status were assessed to determine whether these variables affected the relations between the P3, the A1 allele, and sensation-seeking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A small P3 amplitude was associated with high sensation-seeking, particularly with high disinhibition. The presence of the A1 allele was also associated with high disinhibition, but only in men. By contrast, P3 amplitudes and latencies were not associated with the presence of the A1 allele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a small P3 amplitude, high sensation-seeking, and the presence of the A1 allele were all associated with alcoholism risk, these findings indicate that these three characteristics together do not reflect a common risk factor in alcoholism.
authors.affiliation: Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. j.e.ratsma@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ratsma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: van der Stelt
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Schoffelmeer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Westerveld And
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boudewijn Gunning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2