Risk of betel chewing for oesophageal cancer in Taiwan.
Among 104 cases of squamous-cell oesophageal carcinoma patients and 277 controls in Taiwan, after adjusting for cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and other confounders, we found that subjects who chewed from 1 to 495 betel-year and more than 495 betel-years (about 20 betel quid per day for 20 years) had 3.6-fold (95% Cl = 1.3-10.1) and 9.2-fold risk (95% Cl = 1.8-46.7), respectively, of developing oesophageal cancer, compared to those who did not chew betel.
Wu
M T
MT
Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. mingtsangwu@yahoo.com
Lee
Y C
YC
Chen
C J
CJ
Yang
P W
PW
Lee
C J
CJ
Wu
D C
DC
Hsu
H K
HK
Ho
C K
CK
Kao
E L
EL
Lee
J M
JM
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology