title: Amino acid regulation of gene expression.
abstract: Regulation of gene expression by amino acids is mediated through a number of mechanisms affecting both the transcription of DNA and the translation of mRNA. This report reviews recent findings demonstrating a role for amino acids in regulating the initiation phase of mRNA translation. The report focuses on key regulatory events in translation initiation and discusses some of the signaling pathways through which amino acid sufficiency or the lack thereof is communicated within the cell. It concludes with a consideration of some of the important unanswered questions in this rapidly advancing area of research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. jjefferson@psu.edu
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jefferson
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kimball
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000502:physiology*; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D020717:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B / Q000378:metabolism; D039562:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4F; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000596:Amino Acids; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C087000:EIF4EBP1 protein, human; D020717:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B; D039562:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4F; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011494:Protein Kinases; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases