title: Effects of water-soluble antioxidant from spinach, NAO, on doxorubicin-induced heart injury.
abstract: Doxorubicin (DOX) produces clinically restorative responses in numerous human cancers, but its cardiotoxicity has limited its usefulness. Because reactive oxygen species may affect DOX-induced antitumor activity and cardiotoxicity, we evaluated the prophylactic effect of spinach natural antioxidant (NAO) on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress in female Balb/c mice using histological, electron microscopical and biochemical parameters. Mice were treated with NAO for 7 days prior to and/or for 6 days after DOX administration. Pretreatment with NAO (cumulative dose: 130 mg/kg) did not hinder the effectiveness of DOX. Light and electron microscopy of DOX-treated heart revealed myocardial degeneration. When administered combined before and after DOX, NAO conferred the most significant cardiac protection. The effects of NAO on the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, and on H2O2/ hydroperoxides were examined on day 6 following DOX administration; levels of both were elevated in DOX-treated mice, compared to control. Pretreatment with NAO prevented these changes. Pretreatment with NAO before DOX administration decreased catalase and increased superoxide dismutase activities compared to the DOX group. Our results suggest usage of NAO in combination with DOX as a prophylactic strategy to protect heart muscle from DOX-induced cellular damage.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Breitbart
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lomnitski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nyska
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sofer
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Haseman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grossman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012995:Solubility; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D004317:Doxorubicin