Medical management of early fetal demise using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol.
BACKGROUND
This study aims to assess the efficacy of a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol in the management of missed miscarriage and anembryonic pregnancy.


METHODS
Data of 220 consecutive women with miscarriage, undergoing medical evacuation of the uterus were collected prospectively at an early pregnancy assessment unit in a tertiary referral hospital. Each woman received a single oral dose of mifepristone 200 mg and 36-48 h later vaginal misoprostol 800 microg. Three hours following the first dose, two further doses of misoprostol, 400 microg each, were administered vaginally or orally at 3 h intervals. Women who failed to pass products of conception were offered repeat medical regime with misoprostol. Success was defined as complete uterine evacuation within 3 days, without the need for surgical evacuation.


RESULTS
The overall success rate of medical management was 84.1%. Mifepristone alone induced natural expulsion of products of conception in 18.1% of women. The median dose of misoprostol required was 1600 microg and the median induction miscarriage interval after first prostaglandin administration was 8.04 h (range: 0.58-50.54 h). Of the 142 women who were symptomatic at presentation the medical regime failed in 30 (21.1%), compared with five (6.4%) failures of the 78 who were asymptomatic (P = 0.007). Of the 35 women who had surgical evacuation, eight required an emergency curettage for bleeding.


CONCLUSIONS
The combination of oral mifepristone 200 mg with vaginal or oral misoprostol is an alternative to surgical management of early fetal demise, although it is not as effective as surgery.
Wagaarachchi
P T
PT
Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZL, UK. ogy158@abdn.ac.uk
Ashok
P W
PW
Narvekar
N
N
Smith
N C
NC
Templeton
A
A
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000021:Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D003475:Curettage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D000021:Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal; D016595:Misoprostol; D015735:Mifepristone