title: New World monkey efficacy trials for malaria vaccine development: critical path or detour?
abstract: Neither GMP malaria antigens nor GMP vaccines have been compared for efficacy in monkeys and humans. It is too risky to base categorical (go/no go) development decisions on results obtained using partially characterized (non-GMP) antigens, adjuvants that are too toxic for human use or unvalidated primate models. Such practices will lead to serious errors (e.g. failure to identify and stop flawed efforts, rejection of effective vaccine strategies) and unjustifiable delays. Successful malaria vaccine development will emphasize definitive field trials in populations at risk of malaria to define and improve vaccine efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Malaria Vaccine Program, Division of Communicable Diseases and Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. donald.heppner@na.amedd.army.mil
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Heppner
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ockenhouse
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kester
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D001029:Aotus trivirgatus; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000276:immunology; D012453:Saimiri
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D017780:Malaria Vaccines