title: [On the clinical relevance of clozapine-triggered release of cytokines and soluble cytokine-receptors].
abstract: Cytokines are pivotal mediators of the interaction between immunocompetent cells. Moreover, they mediate the interaction between the immune system and other physiological systems, including the CNS. It has been shown recently that the antipsychotic drug clozapine stimulates in vivo the release of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors. This holds true for the tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-system, the interleukin(IL)-2-system, IL-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). The present paper discusses the clinical relevance of these findings for the pathophysiology of clozapine-induced side-effects. It is very probable that TNF-alpha plays an important role in clozapin-induced fever and in the hematopoetic side effects, including agranulocytosis. Moreover, it is likely that TNF-alpha and other cytokines are involved in metabolic (weight gain, diabetes), cardiac (myocarditis), CNS (sedation) and other rare side effects. The mechanisms underlying clozapine-induced immunomodulation are unknown. Hence, further studies are very important to enhance our understanding of clozapins's side effects and to develop strategies for prevention and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institut für Psychiatrie, München. topo@mpipsykl.mpg.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pollmächer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuld
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haack
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hinze-Selch
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009420:Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000187:drug effects*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D003024:Clozapine
vernacular_title: Zur klinischen Relevanz der Wirkung von Clozapin auf die Freisetzung von Zytokinen und löslichen Zytokinrezeptoren.