title: Effect of metoprolol CR/XL on exercise tolerance in chronic heart failure - a substudy to the MERIT-HF trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Beta-blockade usually causes a slight reduction in exercise capacity among healthy subjects, while more variable results have been observed in chronic heart failure (CHF), probably related to patients studied, methods and agent used. The effect of metoprolol controlled release/extended release (CR/XL) on peak oxygen uptake (peak VO(2)) in this patient population has not previously been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effect of long-term treatment with the selective beta(1)-receptor blocker metoprolol CR/XL once daily on exercise capacity in patients with CHF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-four patients (70 males and 24 females; mean age 63.6+/-10.6 years) with chronic symptomatic heart failure in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II-IV, and with ejection fraction <or=40%, stabilized on optimum standard therapy were randomized to metoprolol CR/XL or placebo in a double-blind trial. Exercise capacity was evaluated by peak VO(2) at baseline, after 3 months and at the end of study (mean follow-up 11.4+/-0.4 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with placebo metoprolol CR/XL produced a significant decrease in heart rate by 11 beats/min at rest and 18 beats/min at peak exercise. There was a tendency for a temporal decline in peak VO(2) after 3 months of therapy in both groups, but altogether peak VO(2) remained unchanged from baseline with no difference between the groups at 1 year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with moderate to severe CHF, 11.4 months of beta(1)-blockade with metoprolol CR/XL had no effect on exercise capacity when compared with placebo or baseline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lung Diseases, Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway. lagulles@online.no
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gullestad
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manhenke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aarsland
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skårdal
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fagertun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wikstrand
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kjekshus
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008790:Metoprolol