The effects of housing costs on polydrug abuse patterns: a comparison of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol abusers.
This study evaluated how price of housing affects hypothetical purchasing decisions. Participants (26 heroin, 28 cocaine, and 15 alcohol abusers, and 25 controls) were exposed to 4 conditions in which they "purchased" drugs, food, housing, and entertainment. Whereas income remained constant, housing prices varied across conditions. Except for 23% of heroin abusers, participants purchased housing regardless of cost, so that income increased as housing cost decreased. Demand for food was income inelastic, whereas demand for entertainment was income elastic. Each group showed income elastic demand for their drug of choice. Hypothetical choices were reliable; drug choices were correlated with urinalysis results, and willingness to forgo housing in the simulation was correlated with time spent homeless in real life. This study shows that changes in housing prices may affect choices for drug and nondrug reinforcers.
Petry
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Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030-3944, USA. petry@psychiatry.uchc.edu
D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology*; D000465:Algorithms; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D005502:Food / Q000191:economics; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology*; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology; D006798:Housing / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology*