title: Expression of the serpin serine protease inhibitor 6 protects dendritic cells from cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced apoptosis: differential modulation by T helper type 1 and type 2 cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the immune system as they drive activation of T lymphocytes by cognate interactions. However, as DCs express high levels of major histocompatibility complex class I, this intimate contact may also result in elimination of DCs by activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and thereby limit induction of immunity. We show here that immature DCs are indeed susceptible to CTL-induced killing, but become resistant upon maturation with anti-CD40 or lipopolysaccharide. Protection is achieved by expression of serine protease inhibitor (SPI)-6, a member of the serpin family that specifically inactivates granzyme B and thereby blocks CTL-induced apoptosis. Anti-CD40 and LPS-induced SPI-6 expression is sustained for long periods of time, suggesting a role for SPI-6 in the longevity of DCs. Importantly, T helper 1 cells, which mature DCs and boost CTL immunity, induce SPI-6 expression and subsequent DC resistance. In contrast, T helper 2 cells neither induce SPI-6 nor convey protection, despite the fact that they trigger DC maturation with comparable efficiency. Our data identify SPI-6 as a novel marker for DC function, which protects DCs against CTL-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands. medema@mail.medfac.leidenuniv.nl
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Medema
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Schuurhuis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rea
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Tongeren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bres
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laban
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Toes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toebes
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bladergroen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ossendorp
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kummer
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Melief
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Offringa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D010047:Ovalbumin; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes; C509214:Gzmb protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases