title: Generation of melanoma-specific, cytotoxic CD4(+) T helper 2 cells: requirement of both HLA-DR15 and Fas antigens on melanomas for their lysis by Th2 cells.
abstract: Recognition of melanoma antigens by HLA class-II-restricted CD4(+) T lymphocytes has been investigated. Two cytotoxic CD4(+) T cell lines were established by stimulating PBLs from a melanoma patient with either parental or IFN-gamma-transduced autologous tumor cells. These T cells secreted IL-4, but not IL-2, IFN-gamma, or TNF-beta, in response to the autologous melanoma cells, suggesting that they belong to the Th2 subtype. Their cytotoxicity was directed against the IFN-gamma-transduced melanoma cells and was HLA-DR-restricted. The autologous and two allogeneic IFN-gamma-modified melanoma cell lines shared melanoma antigen(s) presented in the context of HLA-DR15. HLA-DR15(+) nonmelanoma cells were resistant targets indicating that the shared antigen(s) is melanoma associated. Parental autologous and HLA-DR-matched allogeneic melanoma cell lines, displaying low levels of HLA-DR antigens, induced Th2 proliferation and cytokine release, but were insensitive to lysis prior to upregulation of HLA-DR and Fas antigens by IFN-gamma. Cytolysis was inhibited by anti-HLA-DR and by anti-Fas antibodies, suggesting that the cytolysis is mediated via the Fas pathway. While small amounts of HLA-DR15 molecules on melanoma cells are sufficient for Th2 proliferation and cytokine release, higher amounts of HLA-DR15 and the expression of Fas are required for CD4(+)-mediated lysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zennadi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahab
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Seigler
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Darrow
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D059810:HLA-DR Serological Subtypes; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059810:HLA-DR Serological Subtypes; C106559:HLA-DR15 antigen; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008222:Lymphokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma