[Tumor-induced hypercalcemia. Review of bisphosphonate treatment].
BACKGROUND
The incidence of tumor-induced hypercalcemia is between 10 to 20%. New treatments justify this review article.


BACKGROUND
Tumor-induced hypercalcemia (half of all hypercalcemia) is divided into two groups: hematological tumors (10%), and solid tumors (90%), with osteolytic hypercalcemia and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM: mediators include PTHrP). The two most common causes of tumor-induced hypercalcemia are lung cancer and breast cancer. Tumor-induced hypercalcemia most commonly disturbs gastrointestinal, neurological, renal and cardiovascular functions. These symptoms may be erroneously attributed to the underlying malignancy or its therapy. Prognosis of tumor-induced hypercalcemia is very poor, with median survival being about 3 months. Bisphosphonates have emerged as the standard treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia. The intravenous administration of isotonic saline is the first step in the management of tumor-induced hypercalcemia. Specific treatment of cancer remains essential to prevent TIH relapse.


CONCLUSIONS
New bisphosphonates have appeared, the most potent known bisphosphonate today is zoledronate.
Lortholary
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Département d'oncologie, centre Paul-Papin, 2, rue Moll, 49000 Angers, France.a.lortholary@unimedia.fr
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D000077268:Pamidronate; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D012968:Etidronic Acid; D000077268:Pamidronate
Hypercalcémies tumorales. Actualités sur le traitement par les bisphosphonates.