title: Pain, mood disturbance, and quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the levels of pain intensity and pain interference in patients with multiple myeloma, the relationship between pain and mood disturbance, and factors that influence quality of life (QOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive correlational mailed survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A private tertiary institution in the Midwest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Convenience sample of 346 adult patients with multiple myeloma identified through an institutional database, 206 of whom responded to the surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mailed, self-administered questionnaires: Brief Pain Inventory Short Form, Profile of Mood States, QOL Scale (Cancer Patient Version), and a demographic tool. Treatment details were obtained from the database on subjects consenting to participate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain intensity, pain interference, psychologic functioning, and QOL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  29% (n = 60) of subjects reported moderate to severe pain intensity. Significant associations were found between pain intensity and mood disturbance scores. As pain interference increased, so did levels of mood disturbance. A joint predictive model explained 74.6% of the variability in total QOL scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer pain remains undertreated, and patients with myeloma are no exception. Pain and mood disturbance scores were significant predictors of QOL in this group of patients. Subjects with multiple myeloma reported higher levels of mood disturbance than patients with cancer from other studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The oncology nurse is in a key position to facilitate ongoing, adequate pain and psychosocial assessment of patients with myeloma. Further study is needed to determine if control of pain and mood disturbance factors has a positive effect on the various domains of QOL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. poulos.angela@mayo.edu
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Poulos
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gertz
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Pankratz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Post-White
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000209:etiology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric