title: Alcohol-associated stimuli activate the ventral striatum in abstinent alcoholics.
abstract: Alcohol-associated cues may act as conditioned stimuli that activate the brain reward system and motivate alcohol intake in alcoholics. Alcohol-associated visual stimuli were presented during functional magnetic resonance imaging. An activation of the ventral putamen was observed in alcoholics but not in control subjects. Patients with a strong activation of the ventral putamen relapsed during the next three months. This observation supports the hypothesis that alcohol use affects areas involved in brain reward circuits and that their stimulus-induced activation may be associated with an increased risk for relapse.
authors.affiliation: Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Braus
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wrase
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grüsser
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruf
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flor
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013695:Temperance / Q000523:psychology