title: Accuracy of frozen section for the operative management of endometrial cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the accuracy of intra-operative frozen section reports at identifying the features of high risk uterine disease compared with final histopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 460 patients with uterine cancer registered with the Queensland Centre for Gynaecological Cancer between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 1998 were reviewed. Intra-operative frozen section was undertaken in 260 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. Frozen section pathology was compared with the final histopathology reports. Inter-observer reliability was assessed using percentage agreement and kappa statistics. Clinical notes were also reviewed to determine if errors resulted in sub-optimal patient care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respectively, tumour grade and depth of myometrial invasion were accurately reported in 88.6% of cases (expected 61.5%, Kappa 0.70) and 94.7% (expected 53.8%, Kappa 0.89). Errors were predominantly attributable to difficulties with respect to the interpretation of tumour grade. The error resulted in the patient receiving sub-optimal surgical management in only 11 cases (5.3%)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frozen section is accurate at identifying the features of high risk uterine disease in the setting of endometrial cancer and can play an important role in directing primary operative management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Quinlivan
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nicklin
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005629:Frozen Sections / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000592:standards; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015588:Observer Variation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity