title: [Clinical features of idiopathic macular holes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of idiopathic macular holes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical features were examined in consequentive 526 eyes of 480 patients with idiopathic macular hole who underwent vitrectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-seven% of the patients were female. The mean onset age was 64.4 years of age and 60% of the cases were in their 60's at the time of onset. The mean refractive value was -0.66 dioptor and 40% of the cases were emmetropia with a refractive value between -1.0 dioptor and +1.0 dioptor. The onset age was positively correlated with refractive value. The visual acuity was negatively correlated with onset age, duration after onset, and the size of the macular hole. The duration was positively correlated with onset age. The size of the macular hole was positively correlated with age and duration. The factors for good visual acuity were determined by bilaterality, youth, or small size. Also we found the factors for large size of macular holes to be female gender, long duration of the hole, being in stage 4, and low visual acuity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of idiopathic macular hole is seen more in eyes of patients in their 60's and in emmetropic eyes. Patients with myopic eyes tend to have younger onset. The size of the macular hole in females tends to be larger than in males.
authors.affiliation: Shinjo Ophthalmologic Institute, 899 Mego, Shimokitakata, Miyazaki 880-0035, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demizu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atsumi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishigooka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tachi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations