title: Superoxide-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in the transmission blocking of malaria.
abstract: Superoxide plays a crucial role in innate immunity to various pathogens. We examined the role of superoxides in the transmission of malaria using gp91phox knockout (X-CGD) mice that lack the ability to produce superoxide. Mosquitoes that fed on X-CGD mice infected intraperitoneally with Plasmodium berghei NK65 ANKA formed more oocysts than did those that fed on control mice at any day after infection. The number of oocysts peaked on day 5 post-infection in X-CGD and control mice and then decreased significantly after day 5 post-infection. However, on day 7 post-infection, the infectivity of gametocytes in X-CGD mice was significantly higher than that in control mice. These results show that two pathways, superoxide-dependent and -independent, are involved in the host systems regulating the transmission of malaria and inhibiting gametocyte development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Zoology, Kagawa Medical University, Japan. mharada@kms.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Owhashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suguri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumatori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanbara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D013481:Superoxides; C056558:CYBB protein, human; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases