title: Prevalence of Rho-inactivating epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor toxins in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus produces exotoxins of the epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor (EDIN) family that ADP-ribosylate and inactivate Rho GTPases. The prevalence of genes encoding EDIN in clinical and nasal isolates of S. aureus was investigated. Of the 196 clinical S. aureus isolates tested, 15 (7.8%) were positive for 1 edin gene, whereas of 81 nasal isolates tested, only 3 (3.7%) were edin positive. Of the total 18 edin-positive isolates, 16 (90%) carried edin-B and 2 (10%) carried edin-C, but none was positive for edin-A. All edin-positive strains could produce the respective EDIN protein. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that the edin-B-positive S. aureus isolates are derived from one clone, and the edin-C-positive isolates are derived from another clone. Given that toxins acting on Rho GTPases are considered to be important for bacterial virulence, the EDIN toxins of S. aureus should receive more attention in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Munich, Germany. anja_czech@web.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czech
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aepfelbacher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005098:Exotoxins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; C067120:epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor, Staphylococcus aureus; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins