title: Estimation of health benefits from a local living wage ordinance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study estimated the magnitude of health improvements resulting from a proposed living wage ordinance in San Francisco.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published observational models of the relationship of income to health were applied to predict improvements in health outcomes associated with proposed wage increases in San Francisco.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With adoption of a living wage of $11.00 per hour, we predict decreases in premature death from all causes for adults aged 24 to 44 years working full-time in families whose current annual income is $20,000 (for men, relative hazard [RH] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92, 0.97; for women, RH = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95, 0.98). Improvements in subjectively rated health and reductions in the number of days sick in bed, in limitations of work and activities of daily living, and in depressive symptoms were also predicted, as were increases in daily alcohol consumption. For the offspring of full-time workers currently earning $20,000, a living wage predicts an increase of 0.25 years (95% CI = 0.20, 0.30) of completed education, increased odds of completing high school (odds ratio = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.20, 1.49), and a reduced risk of early childbirth (RH = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.86).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A living wage in San Francisco is associated with substantial health improvement.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California 94102, USA. rajiv_bhatia@dph.sf.ca.us
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D009111:Local Government; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D011203:Poverty / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health