title: IGF-I and mechanical environment interact to modulate engineered cartilage development.
abstract: Bovine calf articular chondrocytes were seeded onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid scaffolds and cultured for four weeks using in vitro systems providing different mechanical environments (static and mixed Petri dishes, static and mixed flasks, and rotating vessels) and different biochemical environments (medium with and without supplemental insulin-like growth factor I, IGF-I). Under all conditions, the resulting engineered tissue histologically resembled cartilage and contained its major constituents: glycosaminoglycans, collagen, and cells. The mechanical environment and supplemental IGF-I (a) independently modulated tissue morphology, growth, biochemical composition, and mechanical properties (equilibrium modulus) of engineered cartilage as previously reported; (b) interacted additively or in some cases nonadditively producing results not suggested by the independent responses, and (c) in combination produced tissue superior to that obtained by modifying these factors individually.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Gooch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blunk
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Courter
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sieminski
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bursac
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vunjak-Novakovic
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Freed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D019149:Bioreactors; D002356:Cartilage / Q000254:growth & development*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I