Aerosolised iloprost improves pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension receiving continuous epoprostenol treatment.
BACKGROUND
Continuous intravenous treatment with epoprostenol significantly improves pulmonary haemodynamics and survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). Its beneficial effect, however, may be blunted due to adverse effects such as catheter sepsis and systemic hypotension. Recent investigations have shown that inhaled iloprost is effective in the treatment of PPH. Based on their different pharmacokinetics, we hypothesised that the combination of intravenous epoprostenol and inhaled iloprost would be more efficacious than epoprostenol alone during acute testing in patients with PPH.


METHODS
The effect of a single dose of inhaled iloprost (30 microg total over 15 minutes) on pulmonary haemodynamics was examined in eight patients with PPH (initial non-responders to nitric oxide) who had considerable adverse effects during treatment with epoprostenol.


RESULTS
The combination of inhaled iloprost and intravenous epoprostenol significantly improved mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), cardiac index (CI), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), and systemic arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) compared with epoprostenol treatment alone. Mean systemic arterial pressure (MSAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) remained unchanged.


CONCLUSIONS
The pulmonary vasoreactivity shown by additional iloprost inhalation during effective epoprostenol treatment suggests that an improvement of treatment for pulmonary hypertension may be possible by combining vasoactive substances.
Petkov
V
V
University of Vienna Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Ziesche
R
R
Mosgoeller
W
W
Schenk
P
P
Vonbank
K
K
Stiebellehner
L
L
Raderer
M
M
Brunner
C
C
Kneussl
M
M
Block
L H
LH
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016285:Iloprost / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008875:Middle Aged; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D011464:Epoprostenol; D016285:Iloprost