Microparticles for intranasal immunization.
Of the several routes available for mucosal immunization, the nasal route is particularly attractive because of ease of administration and the induction of potent immune responses, particularly in the respiratory and genitourinary tracts. However, adjuvants and delivery systems are required to enhance immune responses following nasal immunization. This review focuses on the use of microparticles as adjuvants and delivery systems for protein and DNA vaccines for nasal immunization. In particular we discuss our own work on poly(lactide co-glycolide) (PLG) microparticles with entrapped protein or adsorbed DNA as a vaccine delivery system. The possible mechanisms involved in the enhancement of immune responses through the use of DNA adsorbed onto PLG microparticles are also discussed.
Vajdy
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Chiron Vaccines, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. michael_vajdy@cc.chiron.com
O'Hagan
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DT
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D011098:Polyglactin 910 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage
D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D014612:Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D011098:Polyglactin 910; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli