Pathophysiologic consequences of hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalus-induced damage is dependent on the rate and magnitude of ventricular dilatation, the proximity to the ventricle, and the developmental stage at which the disturbance occurs. It is mediated through a combination of mechanical, ischemic, and metabolic-toxic disturbances. Developmental processes, including myelin production, can be impaired. Periventricular axons are the primary target, however. The potential for reversal of damage by shunting diminishes as the duration and severity of hydrocephalus increases. Ancillary pharmacologic means for preventing hydrocephalus-induced brain damage are worth pursuing.
Del Bigio
M R
MR
Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, 770 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada. delbigi@cc.umanitoba.ca
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D015170:Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology