title: [Development of novel genotoxicity assays by genetic engineering methods].
abstract: Novel genotoxicity assays have been developed to efficiently detect the genotoxicity of various environmental chemicals, and to evaluate the potential hazards to man. Salmonella typhimurium strains harboring plasmids carrying the genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes, such as acetyl Co-A O-acetyltransferase, or the strains lacking DNA repair enzymes, such as O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, are highly sensitive to the mutagenicity of particular classes of mutagens. Thus, they are widely used for the efficient detection of genotoxicity of complex mixtures. Transgenic mice, named gpt delta, have been established for the detection and molecular analysis of mutations in various organs of rodents induced by chemicals. Future perspective of the genotoxicity assays using genetically engineered organisms is discussed.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nohmi
mesh_terms: D000101:Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D000588:Amines / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D000101:Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase; D011088:DNA Ligases