title: Genotype Arg/Arg, but not Trp/Arg, of the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor is associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity in a large Japanese sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite a large number of studies, no association of the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor gene with obesity and type 2 diabetes has yet to be clearly elucidated. We examined the associations in a large population-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,685 subjects (935 women and 750 men, aged 58.7 +/- 12.4 years) from a cohort population (n = 3,706) of the Funagata Diabetes Study were divided into three groups according to genotypes: Trp/Trp (n = 1,155), Trp/Arg (n = 486), and Arg/Arg (n = 44). Glucose tolerance was diagnosed according to the 1985 World Health Organization criteria. Subjects who had a BMI > or =30 kg/m(2) were considered obese. Associations with the traits related to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were also examined. The chi(2) test and analysis of variance were used for the association studies and to assess the differences in the traits' values, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More subjects with genotype Arg/Arg were obese and had diabetes (13.6% for each) than those with genotype Trp/Trp (3.29%, P < 0.001; and 4.16%, P = 0.007, respectively) or genotype Trp/Arg (2.06%, P < 0.001; and 5.97%, P = 0.051, respectively). No significant differences in the frequencies of occurrence of these conditions were observed between genotypes Trp/Arg and Trp/Trp. Traits related to obesity, such as percent body fat (28.82 +/- 7.95 vs. 25.93 +/- 7.21, P = 0.038) and BMI (25.07 +/- 3.84 vs. 23.63 +/- 3.18, P = 0.018), were higher in the genotype Arg/Arg than in the genotype Trp/Trp groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genotype Arg/Arg, but not Trp/Arg, of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor was associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes in a large Japanese sample.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oizumi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daimon
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kameda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Manaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001120:Arginine; D044466:Asian People; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014364:Tryptophan
chemical_list: D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D014364:Tryptophan; D001120:Arginine; D002784:Cholesterol