title: [Mechanism of tRNA translocation on the ribosome].
abstract: During the translocation step of the elongation cycle of peptide synthesis two tRNAs together with the mRNA move synchronously and rapidly on the ribosome. Translocation is catalyzed by the elongation factor G (EF-G) and requires GTP hydrolysis. The fundamental biochemical features of the process were worked out in the 1970-80s, to a large part by A.S. Spirin and his colleagues. Recent results from pre-steady-state kinetic analysis and cryoelectron microscopy suggest that translocation is a multistep dynamic process that entails large-scale structural rearrangements of both ribosome and EF-G. Kinetic and thermodynamic data, together with the structural information on the conformational changes of the ribosome and of EF-G, provide a detailed mechanistic model of translocation and suggest a mechanism of translocation catalysis by EF-G.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Biochemistry, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany. rodnina@uni-wh.de
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rodnina
authors.forename: Iu P
authors.initials: IuP
authors.lastname: Semenkov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savelsbergh
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Katunin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peske
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wilden
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wintermeyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010441:Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D012343:RNA, Transfer
vernacular_title: Mekhanizm translokatsii tRNK na ribosome.