title: Contraceptive choices in HIV infected and HIV at-risk adolescent females.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe reported contraception use in HIV infected and HIV uninfected but at-risk female adolescents, and determine associations with the reported consistent use of effective contraception methods, including its association with pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV infected and at-risk female youth, aged 13-18 years, who were sexually active and reporting no intention to become pregnant, were included. Contraception use data from three consecutive visits (approximately 6 months apart) were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four percent of HIV infected and 89% of at-risk subjects reported choosing a main contraception method with demonstrated efficacy when used consistently. Approximately 50% chose partner condoms. HIV infected youth were more likely to report 100% partner condom use in the past 3 months (73% vs. 46%; OR 3.3; 95% CI: 1.7-5.6). At-risk youth were 2.5 times more likely than HIV infected subjects to report using nothing (95% CI: 1.1-5.8). Slightly more than half (56%) demonstrated the consistent reporting of effective methods (CREM) of contraception. In multivariate analysis, HIV infection (OR 4.0; 95% CI: 2.2-8.2) and African-American race (OR 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1-6.6) were significantly associated with CREM. Subjects reporting inconsistent or unreliable contraception use had higher 1-year pregnancy rates than CREM subjects (32% vs. 14%; p = .002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only half of HIV infected and at-risk youth reported using effective contraception consistently, despite its availability. Additionally, regardless of reported contraceptive use, the rates of unplanned pregnancy were unacceptably high.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90054-0700, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belzer
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camarca
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peralta
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Durako
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents