title: Beneficial effect of HCL-31D in murine models of endotoxaemia.
abstract: We evaluated the effect of HCL-31D, a novel cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-treated rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC) and on survival in a murine model of severe endotoxaemia. Treatment of cultured RASMC with LPS and IFN-gamma resulted in an increase of nitrite, tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) production and induction of iNOS mRNA. However, incubation with HCL-31D (1 approximately 50 microM) for 24 h caused significant attenuation of nitrite and TNF-alpha formation as well as iNOS mRNA induction in a dose-dependent manner but no effect on iNOS activity in RASMC. In addition, administration of HCL-31D (5 mg/kg, i.p.) resulted in that the increase of both plasma nitrate and TNF-alpha levels induced by LPS in vivo was significantly reduced in LPS-treated rats. Treatment of conscious mice with a high dose of LPS (60 mg/kg, i.p.) to ICR mice resulted in a 24-h survival rate of only 10%. However, administration of HCL-31D (5 mg/kg, i.p. at 0 h and 6 h after LPS) improved the 24-h survival to 50%, indicating that HCL-31D has a beneficial effect in murine model endotoxaemia. These effects may be mainly due to inhibition of TNF-alpha formation and of the induction of iNOS. We proposed that the elevation of cAMP levels by HCL-31D may be involved in the prevention of TNF-alpha formation and iNOS induction.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chuan E. Rd., Sec. 6, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. tcchou@ms5.hinet.net
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004347:Drug Interactions; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C405630:HCL 31D; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011412:Propanolamines; D011724:Pyridazines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat