title: A comparison of discectomy and arthroscopic lysis and lavage for the treatment of chronic closed lock of the temporomandibular joint: a randomized outcome study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study compared the efficacy of discectomy or arthroscopic lysis and lavage in patients with chronic closed lock of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a prospective, randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic closed lock were prospectively randomized to either discectomy or arthroscopic lysis and lavage. The individual outcome in each patient was evaluated with a visual analog scale for pain and a questionnaire concerning mandibular functional impairment. The clinical evaluation included measurement of maximum interincisal opening and protrusion, recording of clicking and crepitation, and palpation for tenderness of the TMJ and jaw muscles. Recordings were made before the operation (baseline) and at the 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients completed the study. Discectomy and arthroscopic lysis and lavage significantly reduced pain and improved mandibular function. Discectomy reduced pain somewhat more effectively than arthroscopic lysis and lavage. The clinical recordings at the 1-year follow-up indicated similarly good outcomes after both procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both discectomy and arthroscopic lysis and lavage are effective surgical methods for treatment of chronic closed lock of the TMJ. Considering that arthroscopic lysis and lavage is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure, it should be used as the first choice in surgical treatment of this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institution of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet/Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. Anders.Holmlund@ofa.ki.se
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Holmlund
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Gynther
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001182:Arthroscopy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000601:surgery*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000601:surgery*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome