title: Survey on the usefulness of trazodone in patients with PTSD with insomnia or nightmares.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trazodone is commonly used in the treatment of insonmia and nightmares in patients with PTSD. There is little evidence in the literature for this practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four patients from the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System in California who were admitted to a specialized 8 week inpatient treatment program for PTSD were surveyed regarding their use of trazodone in the treatment of insomnia or nightmares. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding trazodone's effectiveness, side effects, and optimal doses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 74 patients surveyed, 60 patients were able to maintain an effective dose of trazodone. The other 14 patients were unable to tolerate the medication. Seventy-two percent of the 60 patients assessed found trazodone helpful in decreasing nightmares, from an average of 3.3 to 1.3 nights per week (p<.005). Ninety-two percent found it helped with sleep onset, and 78% reported improvement with sleep maintenance. There was a significant correlation between the effectiveness in decreasing nightmares and improving sleep (r= .57, p < .005). The effective dose range of trazodone for 70% of patients was 50 to 200 mg nightly. Of the 74 patients surveyed, 9 (12%) reported priapism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trazodone appears effective for the treatment of insomnia and nightmares associated with chronic PTSD. However, controlled trials are needed before any definite conclusions can be drawn. The higher than expected occurrence of priapism warrants clinicians asking directly about this side effect.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical Center, USA.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Dorn
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peabody
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004325:Dreams / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D014196:Trazodone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D014196:Trazodone