title: SNO is a probable target for gene amplification at 3q26 in squamous-cell carcinomas of the esophagus.
abstract: Amplification of the 3q26 region appears to occur frequently among esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCs). We examined ESC cell lines for amplification and expression levels of four genes in this region: SNO and EVI1, which encode proteins antagonizing transforming growth factor-beta signaling, and two other putative target genes, TERC and PIK3CA. Amplification of SNO was accompanied by significant increases in its expression level, suggesting that this gene is activated in an amplification-dependent manner. SNO was also amplified in 5 of 44 primary ESCs (11.4%). However, expression levels of EVI1, TERC, and PIK3CA did not correlate with their copy-numbers, even though EVI1 and TERC showed the same amplification pattern as SNO. Taken together, the data suggest that of the four candidates, SNO is the most probable target in the 3q26 amplicon for involvement in the progression of ESC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Imoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pimkhaokham
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Z Q
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inazawa
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000074008:MDS1 and EVI1 Complex Locus Protein; D009154:Mutation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D019098:Telomerase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000074008:MDS1 and EVI1 Complex Locus Protein; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012313:RNA; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D019098:Telomerase; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C063575:MECOM protein, human; C060615:SKIL protein, human; C497796:SMAD4 protein, human; C422952:telomerase RNA