title: [Hand-assisted laparoscopic bi-nephrectomy for refractory arterial hypertension in kidney transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors report their preliminary experience of a manually assisted laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy technique for refractory hypertension in renal transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April and May 1999, 2 laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomies were performed with manual assistance using the Hand-Port. One patient was operated 4 months before renal transplantation and the other was operated 13 months after renal transplantation. Both patients presented severe hypertension refractory to several antihypertensive drugs. An 8 cm midline supra-umbilical incision and 3 trocars were necessary. One hand was introduced into the abdominal cavity via the Hand-Port at the beginning of the operation. The intra-abdominal hand assisted all phases of dissection of the kidney and control of vessels. The renal vessels and ureter were clipped. The kidneys were removed by the intra-abdominal hand through the supra-umbilical incision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operating times were 200 min and 130 min. Blood loss was 220 ml. No conversion was performed. The duration of major postoperative analgesics was 3 days. Length of hospital stay was 6 days and 7 days. There were no complications. Blood pressure was controlled by bilateral nephrectomy in both cases, with significant reduction of antihypertensive therapy. One year after the operation, both patients were satisfied with the aesthetic result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy manually assisted by the Hand-Port is an alternative to open bilateral nephrectomy. Larger series are necessary to evaluate the morbidity of this technique.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peyromaure
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cappele
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Desgrandchamps
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bedrossian
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thervet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Legendre
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Teillac
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Le Duc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*
vernacular_title: Bi-néphrectomie laparoscopique assistée manuellement pour hypertension artérielle réfractaire chez le transplanté rénal.