title: Forward- and simultaneous-masked thresholds in bandlimited maskers in subjects with normal hearing and cochlear hearing loss.
abstract: Forward- and simultaneous-masked thresholds were measured at 0.5 and 2.0 kHz in bandpass maskers as a function of masker bandwidth and in a broadband masker with the goal of estimating psychophysical suppression. Suppression was operationally defined in two ways: (1) as a change in forward-masked threshold as a function of masker bandwidth, and (2) as a change in effective masker level with increased masker bandwidth, taking into account the nonlinear growth of forward masking. Subjects were younger adults with normal hearing and older adults with cochlear hearing loss. Thresholds decreased as a function of masker bandwidth in forward masking, which was attributed to effects of suppression; thresholds remained constant or increased slightly with increasing masker bandwidth in simultaneous masking. For subjects with normal hearing, slightly larger estimates of suppression were obtained at 2.0 kHz rather than at 0.5 kHz. For hearing-impaired subjects, suppression was reduced in regions of hearing loss. The magnitude of suppression was strongly correlated with the absolute threshold at the signal frequency, but did not vary with thresholds at frequencies remote from the signal. The results suggest that measuring forward-masked thresholds in bandlimited and broadband maskers may be an efficient psychophysical method for estimating suppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA. dubnojr@musc.edu
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dubno
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ahlstrom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology; D010897:Pitch Discrimination / Q000502:physiology; D011304:Presbycusis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D012016:Reference Values; D013018:Sound Spectrography