title: Coordinated Muc2 and Muc3 mucin gene expression in Trichinella spiralis infection in wild-type and cytokine-deficient mice.
abstract: Mucin hypersecretion is an important component of the immune response to gastrointestinal nematode infection. Two discrete types of mucin proteins exist in the mouse intestine, secretory Muc2 and membrane-bound Muc3. We examined Muc2 and Muc3 expression in wild-type mice and mice lacking gamma interferon receptor (IFNgammaR-/-), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1-/-) and interleukin 4 (IL4-/-) infected with Trichinella spiralis. Infected wild-type mice demonstrated significant goblet cell hyperplasia and increased mucin glycoprotein. In situ hybridization showed this was accompanied by increases in Muc2 and Muc3 mRNA. Total intestinal mucin protein and Muc2 and Muc3 mRNA levels were also significantly increased in cytokine-deficient mice. These data demonstrate the coordinated up-regulation of two types of mucin genes in response to T. spiralis infection and may form the basis of an innate mucosal response independent of IFN-gamma, TNF, and IL-4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55417, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Shekels
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Anway
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garside
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D055262:Mucin-2; D055263:Mucin-3; D009077:Mucins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D017160:Trichinella spiralis; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016207:Cytokines; D015847:Interleukin-4; D055262:Mucin-2; D055263:Mucin-3; D009077:Mucins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor; C524626:Muc2 protein, mouse; C524641:Muc3 protein, mouse