title: GTPgammaS regulation of a 12-transmembrane guanylyl cyclase is retained after mutation to an adenylyl cyclase.
abstract: DdGCA is a Dictyostelium guanylyl cyclase with a topology typical for mammalian adenylyl cyclases containing 12 transmembrane-spanning regions and two cyclase domain. In Dictyostelium cells heterotrimeric G-proteins are essential for guanylyl cyclase activation by extracellular cAMP. In lysates, guanylyl cyclase activity is strongly stimulated by guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio) triphosphate (GTPgammaS), which is also a substrate of the enzyme. DdGCA was converted to an adenylyl cyclase by introducing three point mutations. Expression of the obtained DdGCA(kqd) in adenylyl cyclase-defective cells restored the phenotype of the mutant. GTPgammaS stimulated the adenylyl cyclase activity of DdGCA(kqd) with properties similar to those of the wild-type enzyme (decrease of K(m) and increase of V(max)), demonstrating that GTPgammaS stimulation is independent of substrate specificity. Furthermore, GTPgammaS activation of DdGCA(kqd) is retained in several null mutants of Galpha and Gbeta proteins, indicating that GTPgammaS activation is not mediated by a heterotrimeric G-protein but possibly by a monomeric G-protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roelofs
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Loovers
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Van Haastert
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000201:enzymology; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000502:physiology*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase