title: The estimated cost of managing focal spasticity: a physician practice patterns survey.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to estimate the overall cost of managing focal spasticity after stroke (CVA) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the cost impact of individual treatments. Sixty physicians described management strategies over six treatment visits for four focal spasticity case studies (one upper and one lower extremity case for CVA and TBI). Mean and median per-case costs were determined across physicians; median per-case costs of physicians who did or did not report use of specific treatments were compared. Mean per-case costs of managing spasticity are as follows: CVA upper, $5,131; CVA lower, $5,384; TBI upper, $14,615; and TBI lower, $13,966. Median per-case costs for strategies including botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) were less than those without BTX-A in CVA upper; median costs for strategies including oral baclofen were more than those without baclofen in CVA lower. Fewer total treatments were reported with BTX-A than without; more total treatments were reported with baclofen than without. No individual treatment had a significant impact on median treatment costs in TBI. Physician-reported spasticity management costs are substantial. Despite higher drug costs for BTX-A compared with oral therapies like baclofen, strategies for managing spasticity in CVA that include BTX-A may cost less than those without BTX-A.
authors.affiliation: McDermott Will & Emery, Miami, Florida 33131, USA.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Radensky
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Dournaux
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000191:economics* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000191:economics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires