[Metabolic effects of changes in dietary sodium intake in patients with essential hypertension].
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the metabolic effects of modification of sodium intake in patients with essential hypertension.


METHODS
Thirteen patients with essential hypertension (10 M, median age 51 yrs, range 21-64) followed in random order a low-sodium and a high-sodium diet (50 mmol Na/day vs 250 mmol/day for two weeks each). At the end of each diet an evaluation was made of 24 hour blood pressure (ABPM, Spacelabs 90207) and serum concentration of: glucose, total and HDL cholesterol, uric acid, lipoproteins A, B, Lp(a), total proteins, albumin.


RESULTS
Twenty-four hours systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher at the end of high sodium diet than of low sodium diet [respectively 132 mmHg (120-161) vs 128 mmHg (109-150); p = 0.008 and 84 mmHg (71-99) vs 81 mmHg (70-95); p = 0.008)]. No significant variations were found as regards serum glucose and lipidic parameters between low and high sodium diets. Serum uric acid was significantly higher following low sodium diet [5.9 mg/dl (4.5-8) vs 4.6 mg/dl (3.4-6.5); p = 0.003)], as well as serum total proteins [7.2 g/dl (6.9-8.2) vs 7 g/dl (6.5-7.8); p = 0.027)]. A significant direct correlation was found between changes of uric acid and total proteins from low to high sodium diet (Spearman's rho = 0.57; p = 0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with essential hypertension a moderate dietary sodium restriction, able to reduce significantly 24 hours arterial pressure, does not worsen serum glucose nor lipids concentration.
Boero
R
R
Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, ASL 4, Ospedale Giovanni Bosco, Piazza Donatore di Sangue, 3, 10154 Torino. dialtoiv@tin.it
Pignataro
A
A
Bancale
E
E
Campo
A
A
Morelli
E
E
Nigra
M
M
Novarese
M
M
Possamai
D
D
Prodi
E
E
Quarello
F
F
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D012982:Sodium, Dietary
Effetti metabolici delle variazioni dell'apporto alimentare di sodio in pazienti con ipertensione essenziale.