title: Cortical current density reconstruction of interictal epileptiform activity in temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of cortical current density (CCD) reconstruction in localizing intracranial generators of interictal epileptiform activity in mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-linear minimum L(1)-norm CCD reconstruction (with current sources restricted to the individual cortical surface and a realistic boundary element method (BEM) head model) was used to localize and to study the propagation of interictal epileptiform EEG activity in 13 pre-surgical patients with TLE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all but one patient with mesial temporal lesions, an initial activation maximum corresponding to the ascending part of averaged sharp waves was found in the ipsilateral anterior basolateral temporal lobe, mostly extending up to the affected mesial structures whose resection rendered the patients seizure-free. In all 3 patients with lateral temporal lesions, the activation was initially confined to temporal neocortex immediately adjacent to the epileptogenic lesion. Towards the peak of sharp waves, two patients showed a propagation of interictal activity to anterior and posterior and partly contralateral temporal regions. A conventional EEG analysis based on amplitude maxima or phase reversal would have missed the initial onset zone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings demonstrate that CCD reconstruction can be a valuable additional non-invasive component in the multimodal pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy patients.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 64, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. huppertz@nz.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Huppertz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoegg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sick
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lücking
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zentner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulze-Bonhage
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kristeva-Feige
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019579:Neocortex / Q000503:physiopathology