title: Model-based analysis of oligonucleotide arrays: model validation, design issues and standard error application.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A model-based analysis of oligonucleotide expression arrays we developed previously uses a probe-sensitivity index to capture the response characteristic of a specific probe pair and calculates model-based expression indexes (MBEI). MBEI has standard error attached to it as a measure of accuracy. Here we investigate the stability of the probe-sensitivity index across different tissue types, the reproducibility of results in replicate experiments, and the use of MBEI in perfect match (PM)-only arrays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Probe-sensitivity indexes are stable across tissue types. The target gene's presence in many arrays of an array set allows the probe-sensitivity index to be estimated accurately. We extended the model to obtain expression values for PM-only arrays, and found that the 20-probe PM-only model is comparable to the 10-probe PM/MM difference model, in terms of the expression correlations with the original 20-probe PM/MM difference model. MBEI method is able to extend the reliable detection limit of expression to a lower mRNA concentration. The standard errors of MBEI can be used to construct confidence intervals of fold changes, and the lower confidence bound of fold change is a better ranking statistic for filtering genes. We can assign reliability indexes for genes in a specific cluster of interest in hierarchical clustering by resampling clustering trees. A software dChip implementing many of these analysis methods is made available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model-based approach reduces the variability of low expression estimates, and provides a natural method of calculating expression values for PM-only arrays. The standard errors attached to expression values can be used to assess the reliability of downstream analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hung Wong
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015342:DNA Probes; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D012333:RNA, Messenger