title: Both alleles of the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene can be a risk factor for myocardial infarction.
abstract: We have studied the role of three polymorphic genes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as independent risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) and their correlation with three of the major coronary risk factors: serum cholesterol (CH), hypertension (HT) and smoking (SM). A population of 392 men was genotyped for the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, the insertion/deletion of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the all66c of the angiotensin-II type 1 receptor (AT1R), by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme analysis. It was observed that the T allele frequency increased significantly in the MI with HT, CH, and SM subgroup (0.58 vs 0.31) (p<0.01). In contrast, the M allele frequency was higher in the MI without HT, CH, and SM (0.69 vs 0.42) (p<0.01). A strong association between the MM genotype and MI (p<0.001, odds ratio=4.29, confidence interval=1.95-9.42) was found when age-matched MM control subjects were compared to MI individuals with none of the other known major coronary risk factors. Futhermore, subjects with the MM genotype showed a significantly higher plasma renin activity (PRA) profile than those with the TT genotype (p<0.001). It can be concluded that the M allele is an independent risk factor for MI and the T allele modified the risk when other major risk factors are present.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fernández-Arcás
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dieguez-Lucena
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Morán
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Galdón
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Caliani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aranda-Lara
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rius-Diaz
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gaitán-Arroyo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Teresa-Galván
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reyes-Engel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000235:genetics; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D004247:DNA; D002784:Cholesterol; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D012083:Renin