title: Role of active oxygen species and antioxidants in photoaging.
abstract: The mechanism for the formation of active oxygen species and their reactions with antioxidants is described. The importance of the free radical chain oxidation and the singlet oxygen-dependent oxidation is suggested by a decrease in skin levels of alpha-tocopherol, ubiquinol-10, and ascorbic acid with a concomitant formation of lipid hydroperoxides during UV irradiation of murine skin, and the formation of squalene hydroperoxides in human skin upon UV exposure, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D005609:Free Radicals; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C057590:phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide; D014451:Ubiquinone; D014810:Vitamin E; C081459:cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide; C026663:ubiquinol-10; D001205:Ascorbic Acid