title: Choosing a strategy to prevent neonatal early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis: economic evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the most appropriate strategy to prevent neonatal streptococcal sepsis in a setting with a low incidence of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Decision analysis and economic evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation and in labour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Local data and data from the literature were used in a decision analysis to compare the current policy of antibiotic administration at Geneva University Hospitals with the recommended preventive strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of episodes of sepsis averted; cost and number needed to treat to prevent one episode of sepsis; and proportion of women receiving antibiotics during labour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the current policy, the risk factors strategy would prevent 69 streptococcal sepsis per million deliveries and the screening strategy would prevent 102 cases of sepsis per million deliveries. Cost per averted sepsis case would be 60 pounds, 700 and 473 pounds, 600, respectively. The number needed to treat to prevent one sepsis would be 1,087 with a risk factors strategy and 1,029 with a screening strategy. Preventive strategies would increase the proportion of women receiving antibiotics during labour from 6% with the current policy, to 13.5% and 16.5% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preventive strategies are more effective than the current policy, but imply increased hospital costs and a notable increase in the proportion of women receiving antibiotics during labour, which may be unjustified in a low incidence setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boulvain
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bovier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Auckenthaler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Irion
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018805:Sepsis / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology