title: Topiramate on ictal seizure semiology: a quantitative, randomized, low and medium dose-controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intensive and quantitative evaluation of the severity and frequency of seizures and ictal signs during topiramate (TPM) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with refractory partial seizures undergoing presurgical evaluation were randomized into a low dosage (100 mg daily) and a parallel medium dosage (200 mg daily) group of TPM add-on medication. Study phases included a 3-day baseline video-EEG phase, a 10-day TPM titration phase without video-EEG and a 3-day TPM dose maintenance phase with video-EEG. During the baseline and the dose maintenance phase seizures were recorded using video-EEG monitoring and the following parameters were measured: duration (lasting seconds of each seizure and ictal sign), intensity (on a 0-3 scale), N/24 h (numbers of attacks per 24 h), D/24 h (duration per 24 h) of both seizures and defined ictal signs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 399 seizures during the baseline phase and the dose maintenance phase were intensively analyzed. Intergroup comparison suggested that duration, N/24 h and D/24 h of all seizures decreased more in the medium dosage group computing the reduction from baseline to the dose maintenance phase (P<0.05). There were statistically more significant reductions in the duration, intensity and N/24 h of ictal signs like hypermotoric movements, fumbling and vocalization in the medium dosage group (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topiramate has an early dose-dependent effect on ictal seizures.
  The present study intensively analyzed the duration, intensity, N/24 h and D/24 h of ictal seizure manifestations. The quantitative data suggested that topiramate had an early effect on ictal phenomena like ictal hypermotoric movements, fumbling and vocalization (P<0.05); effects were more prominent in the medium dosage group (200 mg daily) than the low dosage group (100 mg daily).
authors.affiliation: Sino-German Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, First University Hospital, West China University of Medical Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pauli
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stefan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D000077236:Topiramate
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose