title: H(2)O(2)-nonproducing Streptococcus pyogenes strains: survival in stationary phase and virulence in chronic granulomatous disease.
abstract: The production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and related phenotypes were studied with Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from cases of pharyngitis or severe group A streptococcal infections. Of the 46 strains examined (34 from severe infections and 12 from pharyngitis cases), 25 strains accumulated H(2)O(2) in the culture medium when grown under glucose-limited, aerobic conditions, whereas the rest of the strains did not. There was no correlation between these traits and the type of disease from which each strain had been isolated. The H(2)O(2)-nonproducing strains tested in this study belonged to T type 3 or T type 12. The accumulation of H(2)O(2) started when the culture reached the late exponential phase. A rapid loss of cell viability accompanied H(2)O(2) accumulation but was completely prevented by the addition of a catalase, indicating that the lethality was actually caused by H(2)O(2). Cells of H(2)O(2)-nonproducing strains were resistant to killing by phagocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), whereas those of H(2)O(2)-producing strains were subject to killing. Subcutaneous inoculation of 10(5) c.f.u. H(2)O(2)-nonproducing S. pyogenes strains into the hind footpads of CGD mice provoked more prominent swelling of the footpad than did H(2)O(2)-producing strains. The mortality rate in the CGD mice infected with the H(2)O(2)-nonproducing strains was higher than that produced by the H(2)O(2)-producing strains. It is suggested that H(2)O(2)-nonproducing S. pyogenes strains are prevalent in humans and that they may be a potential threat to the health of CGD patients.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology1 and Pediatrics2, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsumasa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology1 and Pediatrics2, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Shouichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohga
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Research and Laboratory of Public Health, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan3.
authors.forename: Miyoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan4.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology1 and Pediatrics2, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizunoe
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology1 and Pediatrics2, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology1 and Pediatrics2, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006105:Granulomatous Disease, Chronic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000382:microbiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005947:Glucose