title: Combined pharmacotherapy for nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: Nocturnal enuresis is a common childhood disorder. Tricyclic antidepressants and anticholinergic agents have been the well accepted pharmacological treatment for this disorder and are efficacious in 40-70% and 10-50% of cases, respectively. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of a combined treatment of tricyclic antidepressant and an anticholinergic agent. Twenty-two children aged 6-12 years with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis who did not prefer to use a conditioning alarm were given a combined treatment of these drugs. After a control period of 1 month, each patient was treated for 6 months and then observed for 3 months. A 30-mg dose of amitriptyline or imipramine was given with either 2-4 mg oxybutinin or 10-20 mg propiverine. Efficacy was determined relative to the number of wet nights per week compared with the control period, with more than a 50% decrease in wet nights per week taken to indicate efficacy. The mean wet nights per week decreased from 6.1 to 1.7 (P<0.01), and efficacy was established in 20 patients (90.9%). Relapses occurred in 60.0% of patients during the follow-up period. No significant side effects were observed. The efficacy of the combined therapy in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis appears to be greater than that reported for either drug alone, and therefore can be a choice of treatment in order to motivate children with nocturnal enuresis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. kkaneko@med.juntendo.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujinaga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohtomo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
mesh_terms: D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001561:Benzilates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004775:Enuresis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D001561:Benzilates; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D008333:Mandelic Acids; D000639:Amitriptyline; C015586:propiverine; C005419:oxybutynin; D007099:Imipramine