title: Clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome of patients with febrile neutropenia who present in shock: need for better strategies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the frequency of neutropenic febrile patients who present in shock, to evaluate the influence of this presenting feature on response to antibiotic therapy, morbidity, and mortality and to identify discriminating demographic features and clinical characteristics of these individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospectively collected data on all episodes of fever and neutropenia observed in cancer patients who were hospitalized for parenteral antibiotic therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hundred and seventy-six patients were evaluated; 22 (3.8%) presented in shock. This group of individuals was compared with the remainder. Patients presenting in shock were more likely to be older (P< 0.01) and have progressive unresponsive cancer (P< 0.01). They were also more likely to present with septic appearance (P< 0.01), dehydration (P< 0.01), diarrhoea (P< 0.01), altered mental status (P< 0.01) clinical bleeding (P= 0.02) and dyspnoea (P< 0.01). They more often had anaemia (P< 0.01), thrombocytopenia (P= 0.02) and abnormal liver function tests (P< 0.01). Eight of the 22 patients presenting in shock had documented bacteraemia. Non-bacteraemic microbiological infections were observed in three patients. Five patients had clinical evidence of infection and another five were severely dehydrated and volume depleted. One patient had cardiogenic shock. Three patients were managed with monotherapy, 19 received combination antibiotics as initial empirical therapy. Overall outcome of these patients was extremely poor, particularly those with infectious aetiology. Eighteen (82%) patients expired.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neutropenic febrile patients who present in shock have extremely poor outcomes irrespective of type of initial antibiotic therapy. Intense efforts are required to improve their outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yousuf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003681:Dehydration / Q000150:complications; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications; D012769:Shock / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents