title: Clostridium difficile infection in patients with neutropenia.
abstract: Clostridium difficile is the most important cause of nosocomial infectious diarrhea. The importance of C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been poorly investigated in patients with neutropenia who have hematologic malignancies. A retrospective chart review of all patients treated in the leukemia ward of a university medical center during 1991-2000 determined that 875 courses of myelosuppressive chemotherapy were administered. CDAD occurred in 7.0% of all cycles. In 8.2% of the patients, severe enterocolitis developed. Two patients died while they had diarrhea. However, in no patient was C. difficile infection clinically considered to be the primary cause of death. The response rate to oral metronidazole was 90.9%. These data indicate that C. difficile infection is not rare and should be suspected whenever a hospitalized patient with neutropenia develops diarrhea. Oral metronidazole can be recommended as initial drug of choice for treatment of patients with neutropenia who have hematologic malignancies and CDAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. gorschlueter@uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorschlüter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Glasmacher
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schakowski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ziske
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molitor
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marklein
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauerbruch
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Schmidt-Wolf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008795:Metronidazole