title: Energy yield of respiration on chloroaromatic compounds in Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans.
abstract: The amount of energy that can be conserved via halorespiration by Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans JW/IU-DC1 was determined by comparison of the growth yields of cells grown with 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate (Cl-OHPA) and different electron donors. Cultures that were grown with lactate, pyruvate, formate, or hydrogen as an electron donor and Cl-OHPA as an electron acceptor yielded 3.1, 6.6, 1.6, and 1.6 g (dry weight) per mol of reduction equivalents, respectively. Fermentative growth on pyruvate yielded 14 g (dry weight) per mol of pyruvate oxidized. Pyruvate was not fermented stoichiometrically to acetate and lactate, but an excess of acetate was produced. Experiments with 13C-labeled bicarbonate showed that during pyruvate fermentation, approximately 9% of the acetate was formed from the reduction of CO2. Comparison of the growth yields suggests that 1 mol of ATP is produced per mol of acetate produced by substrate-level phosphorylation and that there is no contribution of electron transport phosphorylation when D. dehalogenans grows on lactate plus Cl-OHPA or pyruvate plus Cl-OHPA. Furthermore, the growth yields indicate that approximately 1/3 mol of ATP is conserved per mol of Cl-OHPA reduced in cultures grown in formate plus Cl-OHPA and hydrogen plus Cl-OHPA. Because neither formate nor hydrogen nor Cl-OHPA supports substrate-level phosphorylation, energy must be conserved through the establishment of a proton motive force. Pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, lactate dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, and hydrogenase were localized by in vitro assays with membrane-impermeable electron acceptors and donors. The orientation of chlorophenol-reductive dehalogenase in the cytoplasmic membrane, however, could not be determined. A model is proposed, which may explain the topology analyses as well as the results obtained in the yield study.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: van de Pas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dijkema
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schraa
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: de Vos
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stams
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D018533:Biomass; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D004579:Electron Transport; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010648:Phenylacetates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C029718:3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid