Air pollution exposure monitoring and estimating. Part I. Integrated air quality monitoring system.
This paper presents an integrated exposure monitoring system, based on an expansion of existing air quality monitoring systems using dispersion modelling. The system allows: (1) identifying geographical areas whose inhabitants are most exposed to ambient pollution; (2) identifying how many people in an area are exposed to concentrations of pollution exceeding air quality guidelines; (3) describing the exposure of population subgroups (e.g. children); (4) planning pollution abatement measures and quantifying their effects; (5) establishing risk assessment and management programs, and (6) investigating the short- and long-term effects of both pollutants and pollution sources on public health. The effect of pollution is rarely very large and in order to discover it, exposure estimation must provide data that reflects both spatial and temporal variations. Estimates of pollution exposure are obtained using an integrated approach that combines results of measurements from monitoring programs with dispersion calculations. These values can serve as estimates for individual short-term or long-term exposure. The grouped data allows the expression of ambient pollution concentrations as the spatial distribution of estimates such as the mean or 98th percentile of such compounds as SO2, O3, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. This integrated approach has been combined into a single software package, AirQUIS.
Clench-Aas
J
J
Norwegian Institute for Air Research, PO Box 100, N-2027, Kjeller, Norway. jocelyne.clench.aas@nilu.no
Bartonova
A
A
Bøhler
T
T
Grønskei
K E
KE
Sivertsen
B
B
Larssen
S
S
D000392:Air Movements; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011634:Public Health; D011640:Public Policy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012984:Software