title: A direct interaction between oncogenic Ha-Ras and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is not required for Ha-Ras-dependent transformation of epithelial cells.
abstract: Cells expressing oncogenic Ras proteins transmit a complex set of signals that ultimately result in constitutive activation of signaling molecules, culminating in unregulated cellular function. Although the role of oncogenic Ras in a variety of cellular responses including transformation, cell survival, differentiation, and migration is well documented, the direct Ras/effector interactions that contribute to the different Ras biological end points have not been as clearly defined. Observations by other groups in which Ras-dependent transformation can be blocked by expression of either dominant negative forms of Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase or PTEN, a 3-phosphoinositide-specific phosphatase, support an essential role for PI 3-kinase and its lipid products in the transformation process. These observations coupled with the in vitro observations that the catalytic subunits of PI 3-kinase, the p110 isoforms, bind directly to Ras-GTP foster the implication that a direct interaction between an oncogenic Ras protein and PI 3-kinase are causal in the oncogenicity of mutant Ras proteins. Using an activated Ha-Ras protein (Y64G/Y71G/F156L) that fails to interact with PI 3-kinase, we demonstrate that oncogenic Ha-Ras does not require a direct interaction with PI 3-kinase to support anchorage-independent growth of IEC-6 epithelial cells. We do find, however, that IEC-6 cells expressing an oncogenic Ha-Ras protein that no longer binds PI 3-kinase are greatly impaired in their ability to migrate toward fibronectin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karasarides
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Anand-Apte
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolfman
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005353:Fibronectins; D011905:Genes, ras; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa; D007421:Intestine, Small; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009154:Mutation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins