Expression of TGF-beta and its receptors in murine fetal and adult dermal wounds.
The transforming growth factor-betas (TGF-betas) are of major importance in wound healing and have been implicated in the scar-less wound repair observed in fetuses. Few studies have characterised the role of TGF-beta in fetal wound repair and to date no studies have characterised the expression of its receptors within non-scarring fetal wounds. We have localised the TGF-beta isoforms beta1, beta2 and beta3 and its two receptors, TGF-betaRI and TGF-betaRII in both adult and fetal dermal murine wounds. We observed low level immunofluorescence of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 in fetal wounds and although TGF-beta3 staining was observed in the epidermis of fetal skin, there was no upregulation in response to injury. By contrast, all three isoforms were strongly expressed in adult wounds. Similar to its ligands, TGF-beta receptor expression was increased post-wounding in the adult wounds. However, in contrast, no mRNA or protein for either of the TGF-beta receptors was observed in response to wounding in the fetal dermis although there was both mRNA and protein expression of both the receptors localised within the fetal alimentary tract, one of the few fetal organs which does scar post-injury. The differences that we observed in the expression of TGF-beta and its receptors in adult and fetal wounds could be important in the absence of scar formation that is observed in the fetus.
Cowin
A J
AJ
Cooperative Research Centre for Tissue Growth and Repair, Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, South Australia. allison.cowin@adelaide.edu.au
Holmes
T M
TM
Brosnan
P
P
Ferguson
M W
MW
D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; C509045:Tgfb3 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II