title: A study of bispectral analysis and auditory evoked potential indices during propofol-induced hypnosis in volunteers: the effect of an episode of wakefulness on explicit and implicit memory.
abstract: The bispectral index (BIS) and the auditory evoked potential (AEP) index as calculated by the new A-line monitor were measured during hypnosis with propofol, which included an episode of wakefulness. Both indices followed a similar pattern during sedation, with values decreasing with sedation and increasing when awake. Baseline AEP values varied between 60 and 98, and BIS values were between 96 and 98. The AEP-index value was at all times 10-20 points lower than the BIS-index. The transition to loss of response occurred at a mean AEP value of 46 and BIS value of 58. The transition to just responding following a period of unconsciousness occurred at a mean AEP value of 46 and BIS 65. Both monitoring techniques, however, displayed large interindividual variations making it impossible to discriminate in real time between subtle changes of clinical state. The new neurophysiological monitors A-line AEP and BIS are interesting tools for creating a better understanding of the anaesthetic effects of drugs; however, further refinements are required before their relative roles can be fully established in the clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Jakobsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol