Transforming growth factor beta, pleiotropic regulator of hematopoietic stem cells: potential physiological and clinical relevance.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a pleiotropic regulator of all stages of hematopoieis. Depending on the differentiation stage of the target cell, the local environment, and the concentration of TGF-beta, TGF-beta can be proproliferative or antiproliferative, proapoptotic or antiapoptotic, and/or prodifferentiative or antidifferentiative. TGF-beta is the major regulator of stem cell quiescence and can act directly or indirectly through effects on the marrow microenvironment. In addition, paracrine and autocrine actions of TGF-beta have overlapping but distinct regulatory effects on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Neutralization of autocrine TGF-beta has therapeutic potential.
Ruscetti
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The Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA. ruscettif@ncifcrf.gov
Bartelmez
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D000818:Animals; D019898:Autocrine Communication; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008954:Models, Biological; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta