title: Association between smoking, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 1-1 status, and alcohol drinking among Taiwanese polyvinyl chloride workers.
abstract: To study the factors affecting alcohol consumption among Taiwanese workers, we conducted an investigation of the association between alcohol drinking and smoking, aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) status, alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) status, any history of abnormal liver function, and hepatitis B and C viral infection. The subjects included 207 male workers who had been followed-up with respect to liver function periodically since 1992. Information relating to current alcohol consumption and smoking habits was obtained by an interviewer-administered questionnaire in 1996, and any history of liver function and hepatitis B and C virus infection was obtained from previous medical surveillance. Genotypes of ALDH2 and ADH2 were determined by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment polymorphism assay. Results have revealed that smoking and ALDH2 1-1 status were associated with current alcohol consumption (respectively: odds ratio, 23.3; P < 0.01 and odds ratio, 14.5; P < 0.05). Neither a history of abnormal liver function nor a history of hepatitis B and/or C infection was associated with current alcohol consumption. It seems that only those with ALDH2 1-1 who are smokers consume alcohol. We conclude that smoking and inherited ALDH2 1-1 are the most important determinants of alcohol consumption. In addition to the medical advice of physicians in their yearly health check-ups, worksite health-promotion programs based on both alcohol consumption habits and smoking cessation should be instituted forthwith, particularly for those who demonstrate the potential for developing liver damage.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Ren-Ai Road, Sec 1, Taipei, Taiwan 10018.
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006293:Health Promotion; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C018699:aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)