title: Solid phase microextraction.
abstract: Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) uses a small volume of sorbent dispersed typically on the surface of small fibres, to isolate and concentrate analytes from sample matrix. After contact with sample, analytes are absorbed or adsorbed by the fibre phase (depending on the nature of the coating) until an equilibrium is reached in the system. The amount of an analyte extracted by the coating at equilibrium is determined by the magnitude of the partition coefficient of the analyte between the sample matrix and the coating material. After the extraction step, the fibres are transferred, with the help of a syringe-like handling device, to analytical instrument, for separation and quantitation of target analytes. This technique integrates sampling, extraction and sample introduction and is a simple way of facilitating on-site monitoring. Applications of this technique include environmental monitoring, industrial hygiene, process monitoring, clinical, forensic, food, flavour, fragrance and drug analyses, in laboratory and on-site analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada. janusz@uwaterloo.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawliszyn
mesh_terms: D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008433:Mathematics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D013057:Spectrum Analysis