title: Efficiency of root torquing auxiliaries.
abstract: In an experimental typodont study simulating the third stage of Tip-Edge treatment, the effect of five torquing auxiliaries on upper four incisors was assessed using the method of laser reflection. The auxiliaries analysed were: (1) Two-Spurs 0.016", (2) Four-Spurs 0.016", (3) Reciprocal Lateral Torque 0.016", (4) Torque Bar 0.022x0.018", 20 degrees, and (5) Torque Bar 0.022x0.018, 30 degrees. When comparing the wires, the efficiency (amount and speed of root tipping) varied considerably: (1) The Two-Spurs wire was the most efficient auxiliary of the five tested and showed good torque effect on the central incisors. (2) The Four-Spurs wire acting on all four incisors was less efficient than the Two-Spurs wire. (3) The Reciprocal Lateral Torque wire exhibited good palatal root torque on the central incisors and labial root torque on the lateral incisors. (4) The Torque Bars (20 degrees and 30 degrees ) were the least efficient wires of the auxiliaries tested and showed only small torque effects on the central and lateral incisor teeth. In clinical work using the Tip-Edge technique, the Two-Spurs torquing auxiliary should be the wire of choice for an efficient palatal root torque of the upper central incisors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany; Private Practice, Rosslau, Germany; Private Practice, Baden-Baden, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pancherz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Löffler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Obijou