title: Expression of neuro D1 in human normal pituitaries and pituitary adenomas.
abstract: Neuro D1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor expressed in the endocrine cells of pancreas and in a subset of neurons as they undergo terminal differentiation. In the adult pituitary gland, Neuro D1 is expressed in corticotroph cells and contributes to the corticotroph-specific pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) transcription by interacting with Pituitary homeobox 1 (Ptx 1) transcription factor. In the present study, we investigated the expression of Neuro D1 in human normal pituitaries and different types of human pituitary adenomas using the RT-PCR and immunohistochemical techniques. Using RT-PCR, Neuro D1 mRNA was found to be expressed in ACTH-secreting adenomas (n = 3) and 6 of 8 non-functioning adenomas. On the other hand, GH-secreting adenomas (n = 5) and PRL-secreting adenomas (n = 3) were completely negative for Neuro D1 mRNA. Immunohistochemically, Neuro D1 was expressed in all ACTH-secreting adenomas (n = 10), and in 14 of 20 nonfunctioning adenomas. In contrast, 3 of 10 PRL-secreting adenomas and 2 of 10 GH-secreting adenomas showed positive Neuro D1 staining in the nuclei. The above results suggest that Neuro D1 contribute to the functional expression and the differentiation of ACTH-secreting adenomas. It also appears from our study that Neuro D1 might play a role in the differentiation of non-functioning adenomas, the mechanism of which remains to be further investigated. This is the first study on Neuro D1 in case of human pituitary adenomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sanno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teramoto
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Osamura
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; C093970:NEUROD1 protein, human