title: In vitro inhibition of Salmonella organisms isolated from reptiles by an inactivated culture of microcin-producing Escherichia coli.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether an inactivated culture of a microcin-producing avian Escherichia coli was capable of killing Salmonella isolates from reptiles in an in vitro test system.
  
  
  METHODS
  57 Salmonella isolate from reptiles.
  
  
  METHODS
  A wild-type avian E. coli electrotransformed with a plasmid coding for the production of microcin 24 was tested in an in vitro microassay system for its ability to kill 57 Salmonella spp isolated from reptiles. The reptile population included snakes, iguana, frilled lizards, turtles, other lizards, and unspecified reptiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  44 of the Salmonella isolates were inhibited strongly, compared with the in vitro assay controls; 12 had weak inhibition, and 1 was not inhibited by the microcin-producing E. coli. Thirteen of the 57 isolates had resistance to at least 1 antibiotic, primarily streptomycin. There were 9 O serogroups identified in the 57 isolates, with serogroup H being the most prevalent (18 to 57).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antibiotics are not recommended to eliminate Salmonella organisms from reptiles because of the development of antibiotic resistance. Further studies are necessary to determine whether the use of microcin-producing bacteria will be effective in controlling Salmonella infections in companion reptiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Wooley
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Currin
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chitwood
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lamberski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D012104:Reptiles / Q000382:microbiology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; C020411:microcin