title: Comparative study of nine Lactobacillus fermentum bacteriophages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the basic properties of six temperate and three virulent phages, active on Lactobacillus fermentum, on the basis of morphology, host ranges, protein composition and genome characterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All phages belonged to the Siphoviridae family; two of them showed prolate heads. The host ranges of seven phages contained a common group of strains. SDS-PAGE protein profiles, restriction analysis of DNA and Southern blot hybridization revealed a high degree of homology between four temperate phages; partial homologies were also detected among virulent and temperate phages. Clustering derived from host range analysis was not related to the results of the DNA hybridizations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The phages investigated have common characteristics with other known phages active on the genus Lactobacillus. Sensitivity to viral infection is apparently enhanced by the presence of a resident prophage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These relationships contribute to the explanation for the origin of phage infection in food processes where Lact. fermentum is involved, such as sourdough fermentation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Milano, Italy. Roberto.Foschino@unimi.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Foschino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Picozzi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D016679:Genome, Viral; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D008242:Lysogeny; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D017906:Siphoviridae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013045:Species Specificity; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins