Confocal microscopy in microgravity research.
We have studied the application and the feasibility of confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) in microgravity research.  Its superior spatial resolution and 3D imaging capabilities and its use of light as a probe, render this instrument ideally suited for the study of living biological material on a (sub-)cellular level.  In this paper a number of pertinent biological microgravity experiments is listed, concentrating on the direct observation of developing cells and cellular structures under microgravity condition.  A conceptual instrument design is also presented, aimed at sounding rocket application followed by Biorack/Biolab application at a later stage.
Goede
A P
AP
SRON, Laboratory for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Brakenhoff
G J
GJ
Woldringh
C L
CL
Aalders
J W
JW
Imhof
J P
JP
van Kralingen
P
P
Mels
W A
WA
Schreinemakers
P
P
Zegers
A
A
D000818:Animals; D001757:Blastomeres / Q000166:cytology; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D002477:Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004285:Dogs; D004330:Drosophila; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000166:cytology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D006112:Gravitation; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012107:Research Design; D012399:Rotation; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014893:Weightlessness