title: Progesterone-induced secretion of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I and prolactin by human breast cancer explants.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of human breast cancer tissue to secrete growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and prolactin in response to 10(-7) M progesterone stimulation. Explants were divided according to estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) phenotype (ER(-)PR(-); ER(+)PR(-); ER(+)PR(+); ER(-)PR(+)). Our results show distinct differences in cultured breast cancer tissue responses to progesterone stimulation with regard to secretion of proliferative agents such as GH, IGF-I and prolactin. All but ER(-)PR(-) breast cancer cell types responded in vitro to progesterone stimulation with an increase in local GH secretion, while in non-malignant tissue progesterone induced local GH secretion only in PR(+) cells. Moreover, only in PR(+) cells did progesterone stimulate local IGF-I and prolactin secretion, in both malignant and non-malignant tissue. This study provides evidence for the first time that in PR(+) breast cancer tissue, progesterone may increase GH, prolactin and IGF-I secretion in both malignant and surrounding non-malignant tissue. These hormones may act as local growth factors that stimulate the proliferation of mammary tumors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Toxicology of Domestic Animals, Department of Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gregoraszczuk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milewicz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolodziejczyk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krzysiek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sztefko
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stachura
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone