title: Commercial involvement in the development of space-based plant growing technology.
abstract: Considerable technological progress has been made in the development of controlled environment facilities for plant growth.  Although not all of the technology used for terrestrial facilities is applicable to space-based plant growth facilities, the information resident in the commercial organizations that market these facilities can provide a significant resource for the  development of the plant growing component of a CELSS.  In 1985, NASA initiated an effort termed the Centers for the Commercial Development of Space (CCDS).  This program endeavors to develop cooperative research and technology development programs with industrial companies that capitalize on the strengths of industry-university working relationships.  One of the these CCDSs, the Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics (WCSAR), deals with developing automated plant growth facilities for space, in cooperation with several industrial partners.  Concepts have been developed with industrial partners for the irradiation, water and nutrient delivery, nutrient composition control and automation and robotics subsystems of plant growing units.  Space flight experiments are planned for validation of the concepts in a space environment.
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bula
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Tibbitts
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Dinauer
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D018527:Hydroponics / Q000295:instrumentation; D007221:Industry / Q000639:trends; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D063245:Plant Development; D017149:Private Sector / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends; D018581:Technology Transfer; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; D014495:Universities / Q000639:trends; D014893:Weightlessness; D014922:Wisconsin