title: Early removal of urinary catheter after radical retropubic prostatectomy is both feasible and desirable.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility and desirability of removing the urinary catheter 7 days after radical retropubic prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 28, 2000 and October 5, 2000, 184 men underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy by a single surgeon. Of these men, 97% underwent gravity cystography under fluoroscopic control on postoperative day (POD) 7. The indwelling urinary catheter was removed on POD 7 if no evidence of extravasation was observed on cystography. Patients completed a self-administered questionnaire at the time of catheter removal to capture the degree of bother from incisional pain and the indwelling urinary catheter during the recovery period. The level of urinary continence was determined at 3 months after radical retropubic prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred thirty-five of the cystograms (75%) had no evidence of extravasation. The indwelling catheters were removed in 130 (97%) of 135 cases. The body weight, surgical specimen weight, presence or absence of intraoperative anastomotic extravasation, volume of pelvic drainage recorded from the Hemovac drain, and creatinine level of the pelvic drainage fluids did not predict the finding of extravasation on the POD 7 cystogram. Fifteen percent of the men whose catheters were removed on POD 7 developed acute urinary retention. At 3 months, 72% of men required no or a single protective pad, and 87% indicated they experienced no or slight bother from incontinence. These continence outcomes are comparable with a historical control group by the same surgeon who underwent catheter removal on POD 14. Forty-five percent of the men reported the catheter caused moderate to severe bother, compared with only 19% of men who indicated moderate to severe bother from incisional pain. In retrospect, 95.6% of men indicated willingness to undergo cystography on POD 7 with the intent of early catheter removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study suggest that most men will have no extravasation on a cystogram performed on POD 7 and that removing the catheter at this time in these cases does not increase the risk of complications or compromise overall urinary continence. The urinary catheter is a significant bother and limits physical activity during the postoperative period. Cystography and early removal of the catheter is both feasible and desirable and should be offered to men after radical retropubic prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lepor
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nieder
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fraiman
mesh_terms: D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects; D003287:Contrast Media; D020878:Device Removal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media