title: Reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase in lungs of chronically ventilated preterm lambs.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO), produced in lung vascular endothelium and airway epithelium, has an important role in regulating smooth muscle cell growth and tone. Chronic lung disease, a frequent complication of premature birth, is characterized by excess abundance, tone, and reactivity of smooth muscle in the pulmonary circulation and conducting airways, leading to increased lung vascular and airway resistance. Whether these structural and functional changes are associated with diminished pulmonary expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein is unknown. Both quantitative immunoblot analysis and semiquantitative immunohistochemistry showed that there was less eNOS protein in the endothelium of small intrapulmonary arteries and epithelium of small airways of preterm lambs that were mechanically ventilated for 3 wk compared with control lambs born at term. No significant differences were detected for other proteins (inducible NOS, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and pancytokeratin). Lung vascular and respiratory tract resistances were greater in the chronically ventilated preterm lambs compared with control term lambs. These results support the notion that decreased eNOS in the pulmonary circulation and respiratory tract of preterm lambs may contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic lung disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: MacRitchie
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Albertine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Freestone
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Clair
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Carlton
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bland
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012756:Sheep; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III