title: Comparative loss and maturation of peripheral blood dendritic cell subpopulations in African and non-African HIV-1-infected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the percentage of the two major subpopulations of blood dendritic cells (DC) in HIV-1-seropositive Ugandan individuals infected with non-clade B viruses and compare this with that seen in clade B HIV-1 infected non-African individuals. DC maturation/activation status was also investigated via the expression of CD86.
  
  
  METHODS
  The percentage of blood DC was quantified by using flow cytometry. DC were identified as the lineage (CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD20, CD56)-negative, HLA-DR-positive population and the two major subpopulations were differentiated by CD11c expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of blood DC was reduced significantly in HIV-1-seropositive African individuals when compared with controls (0.21 and 0.39% respectively). A similar reduction was also seen in non-African patients residing in the UK (0.19% compared with 0.36% for controls). However, there was no selective loss in either CD11c-positive or CD11c-negative subpopulations. The percentage of blood DC expressing CD86 was significantly greater in HIV-1-seropositive individuals when compared with controls and the increased expression was largely confined to CD11c-negative DC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Africans infected with non-clade B HIV-1 showed similar reductions in the percentage of blood DC to non-Africans infected with clade B viruses. There was no selective loss of either DC subpopulation, suggesting that the ability of DC to acquire and present antigens or to produce interferon-alpha may both be impaired in HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Department of Immunology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watera
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rutebemberwa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaleebu
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whitworth
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Gotch
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gilmour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016167:Integrin alphaXbeta2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016167:Integrin alphaXbeta2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral