title: [Calcium-transporting systems and calcium regulation in cardiomyocytes].
abstract: The review systematizes and analyzes recent data about the role of different Ca(2+)-transport mechanisms in the regulation of Ca2+ metabolism and functional activity of the cardiomyocytes. During the cardiac action potential, Ca2+ enters the cardiomyocytes through sarcolemmal L-type calcium channels and via the Na+/Ca2+ exchange. This Ca2+ activates the release of additional Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The sum of calcium from sarcolemmal influxes and sarcoplasmic release produces contractile effect. For the occurrence of relaxation, Ca2+ remove from the cytoplasm by three mechanisms, namely, sarcoplasmic Ca2+ pump, Na+/Ca2+ exchange and sarcolemmal Ca2+ pump. In this review, the structural and functional properties of the Ca2+ transport systems in the sarcolemmal membranes, sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are discussed. In addition alterations in regulation of intracellular calcium by activation of beta- and alpha-adrenergic receptors are consider.
authors.affiliation: Volgograd State Pedagogical University.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Aleksandrova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000378:metabolism; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium