title: Early growth restriction, membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition, and insulin sensitivity.
abstract: An animal model of protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation with subsequent dietary fatty acid manipulation was used to investigate the association between poor early growth, defective unsaturated fatty acid handling, and later disease. Both control and early growth-restricted animals fed a diet rich in saturated fatty acids showed a doubling of the plasma insulin levels as well as a reduced degree of unsaturation in liver and skeletal muscle membrane phospholipids compared with animals fed diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The skeletal muscle of early growth-restricted animals weaned onto a saturated fat diet had reduced proportions of 22:6n-3 and increased proportions of 18:1n-9. This reduction in 22:6n-3 is similar to that observed in Pima Indians, a population with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Loizou
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ozanne
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Martensz
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Petry
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D010743:Phospholipids