title: Routine ureteral stenting after ureteroscopy for ureteral lithiasis: is it really necessary?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the cost-effectiveness of routine ureteral stenting after ureteroscopic stone removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 295 consecutive patients who underwent rigid ureteroscopic stone removal 133 in group 1 and 162 in group 2 were randomized to receive and not receive a stent, respectively, after the procedure. Operative time, stone size, stone location, success rate, postoperative pain and complications were analyzed in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in the 2 groups regarding stone size, stone location, success rate, postoperative pain or complications. However, in group 1 operative time was significantly longer than in group 2 (chi-square test p = 0.019). The hospital charge per patient when placing and not placing a stent after ureteroscopy for stone removal was $9,900.95 and $3,661.78, respectively. The female patients with a stent without a suture required an extra charge for stent removal in the operating room, while no men had a stent with a suture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine catheter placement after ureteroscopic stone removal increased operative time and did not seem to improve patient outcome. The cost was 30% that without a stent.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ikonomidis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zillo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents / Q000191:economics*; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D018666:Ureteroscopy