title: NF-kappaB binds P-TEFb to stimulate transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II.
abstract: To stimulate transcriptional elongation of HIV-1 genes, the transactivator Tat recruits the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the initiating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). We found that the activation of transcription by RelA also depends on P-TEFb. Similar to Tat, RelA activated transcription when tethered to RNA. Moreover, TNF-alpha triggered the recruitment of P-TEFb to the NF-kappaB-regulated IL-8 gene. While the formation of the transcription preinitiation complex (PIC) remained unaffected, DRB, an inhibitor of P-TEFb, prevented RNAPII from elongating on the IL-8 gene. Remarkably, DRB inhibition sensitized cells to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Thus, NF-kappaB requires P-TEFb to stimulate the elongation of transcription and P-TEFb plays an unexpected role in regulating apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology University of California at San Francisco 94143, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barboric
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nissen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jabrane-Ferrat
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Peterlin
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004004:Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000378:metabolism; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D004004:Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II