Complex organics in meteorites.
Complex macromolecular organic matter is present in carbonaceous chondrites as the most abundant organic matter and may be present in interstellar dusts and comets. With this view, our studies of the complex organic matter isolated from six CM2 chondrites, namely Yamato-74662, Yamato-791198, Yamato-793321, Yamato-86720, Belgica-7904, and Murchison are introduced and discussed in the text. The complex organic matter is acid-insoluble and organic solvent-insoluble, and therefore, it was examined by heating experiments to obtain information on its chemical constituents and characteristics. Three chondrites, Yamato-74662, Yamato-791198, and Murchison which have solvent-extractable organic compounds, such as amino acids, carboxylic acid, hydrocarbons, etc. possess thermally labile organic fraction in the complex organic matter. Organic compounds detected in the pyrolyzate of the complex organic matter number over 130 of which aromatic hydrocarbons are dominant. They appeared around 300 degrees C, and disappeared at about 600 degrees C with a maximum at 400-500 degrees C during the heating. On the other hand, the other three chondrites do not have the extractable organic compounds nor a thermally labile organic fraction. The presence or absence of the fraction in the complex organic matter likely indicates the presence or absence of the solvent-extractable organic compounds and relates to thermal history of the chondrite.
Shimoyama
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Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis; D019110:Meteoroids; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis
D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D002244:Carbon; D006859:Hydrogen; D009584:Nitrogen