title: Pack formation in cycling and orienteering.
abstract: In cycling and orienteering competitions, competitors can become bunched into packs, which may mask an individual's true ability. Here we model this process with a view to determining when competitors' times are determined more by others than by their own ability. Our results may prove useful in helping to stage events so that pack formation can be avoided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK. g.j.ackland@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ackland
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009949:Orientation