title: An autonomous module for supporting mice during spaceflight.
abstract: The Animal Module for Autonomous space Support (A-MASS) was developed to enable 30-day spaceflight for mice on the first Commercial Experiment Transporter mission.  Because space hardware did not previously exist to support mice without astronaut intervention, the A-MASS presented considerable technical and animal care challenges. The technical challenges included maintaining a 42.5l payload volume and 20-g structural conformance while providing 30 days of autonomous mouse support.  Sensors, video, a pressurized oxygen supply system and an internal data logging system were incorporated. The A-MASS met NIH guidelines for temperature, humidity, food and water access, oxygen supply, air quality and odor control. These technical and animal care challenges, along with power and mass constraints, were addressed using a novel design which ensures a fresh food and water supply, a clean view path into the cage for the camera system, and removal of the wastes from the air supply.  The payload was successfully tested in an enclosed chamber and passed animal health, vibrational, mechanical, and electrical tests.  The physiological, tactical and animal support information gathered will be applicable to the development of mouse support modules for the Shuttle Middeck and Space Station Freedom Express Rack environments.
authors.affiliation: Bioserve Space Technologies, Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fleet
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Simske
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoehn
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Schmeister
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Luttges
mesh_terms: D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006799:Housing, Animal / Q000592:standards*; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D008029:Lighting; D051379:Mice / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation; D018505:Waste Management