A definition of the domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya in terms of small subunit ribosomal RNA characteristics.
The number of small subunit rRNA sequences is now great enough that the three domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya (Woese et al., 1990) can be reliably defined in terms of their sequence "signatures".  Approximately 50 homologous positions (or nucleotide pairs) in the small subunit rRNA characterize and distinguish among the three.  In addition, the three can be recognized by a variety of nonhomologous rRNA characters, either individual positions and/or higher-order structural features.  The Crenarchaeota and the Euryarchaeota, the two archaeal kingdoms, can also be defined and distinguished by their characteristic compositions at approximately fifteen positions in the small subunit rRNA molecule.
Winker
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Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, USA.
Woese
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D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000145:classification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009711:Nucleotides; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
D009711:Nucleotides; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S