title: AMPA-evoked acetylcholine release from cultured spinal cord motoneurons and its inhibition by GABA and glycine.
abstract: The release of [(3)H]acetylcholine evoked by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) and its inhibition mediated by GABA(A) and glycine receptors were studied in superfused cultured rat embryo spinal cord motoneurons prelabeled with [(3)H]choline. AMPA elicited tritium release, possibly representing [(3)H]acetylcholine release in a concentration-dependent manner. The release was external Ca(2+)-dependent and was sensitive to Cd(2+) ions, omega-conotoxin GVIA and omega-conotoxin MVIIC, but not to nifedipine, suggesting the involvement of N-, P/Q-, but not L-type Ca(2+) channels. The AMPA effect was insensitive to tetrodotoxin. The glutamate receptors involved are AMPA type since the AMPA-evoked [(3)H]acetylcholine release was blocked by LY303070 and was potentiated by the antidesensitizing agent cyclothiazide. Muscimol inhibited completely the AMPA effect on [(3)H]acetylcholine release; muscimol was potentiated by diazepam and antagonized by SR95531, indicating the involvement of benzodiazepine-sensitive GABA(A) receptors. Glycine, acting at strychnine-sensitive receptors, also inhibited the effect of AMPA, but only in part. The inhibitory effects of muscimol and glycine are additive. We conclude that glutamate can act at AMPA receptors sited on spinal motoneurons to evoke release of acetylcholine. GABA and glycine, possibly released as cotransmitters from spinal interneurons, inhibit glutamate-evoked acetylcholine release by activating GABA(A) and glycine receptors on motoneurons.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taccola
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galante
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raiteri
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000870:Anterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005333:Fetus; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018009:Receptors, Glycine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013331:Strychnine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014316:Tritium / Q000378:metabolism; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018755:GABA Agonists; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D018009:Receptors, Glycine; D014316:Tritium; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D013331:Strychnine; D002794:Choline; D000109:Acetylcholine; D005998:Glycine