title: Health among commercial airline pilots.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The airline pilot works within a complex exposure environment that may present physiological challenges to long-term health.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study investigated self-reported disease outcomes among a large group of active and retired commercial airline pilots in the United States and Canada. A survey methodology was used, including the collection of historical information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 10,678 surveys mailed, 6609 were returned (6533 men, 63 women). Given the limitations of survey methodology, increased disease rates among pilots were suggested for melanoma, motor neuron disease, and cataracts. However, rates for other diseases were in general lower than those for the U.S. population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further study has been initiated to verify and follow reported cases, to expand the study to a larger group, and to collect more in-depth information on flight histories, occupational exposures, and lifestyle factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA. nicholjs@musc.edu
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nicholas
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lackland
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Tessier
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hoel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001359:Aviation; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology