Locomotion in a rotating space station:  a synthesis of new data with established concepts.
Despite technical problems associated with designing a rotating space station it is still thought that such a device may provide a more tolerable work environment and prevent some of the physiological changes that currently pose a threat to long-duration space missions.  In the present analysis four case studies are presented and the results show that centrifugal and Coriolis effects could hinder one's ability to walk or run in a natural way in such an environment.  In a rotating station that has a nominal 'G-level' equal to that on earth it can be shown that a person running at 3.8 m s -1 could experience foot 'heaviness' effects that range from 1 to 3 g and fore-aft foot 'forces' that range fom -0.5 to +0.5 g.  In contrast the hip region could sense a relatively constant 'force' equal to 2 g.  With regard to the body as a whole there would be 'weight changes' that depended on the direction of gait.  While these conditions imply that locomotion in a rotating space station would be different from normal gait, it is likely that given sufficient training, astronauts could learn optimal strategies to account for centrifugal and Coriolis effects on individual body segments.  The learning process would also entail developing strategies on which route to take when moving from one location to another, since in many cases the shortest route would not be the least energy consuming.  Such training would be justified if it were shown that artificial gravity was an effective countermeasure to the problems of muscle atrophy and bone loss.
Davis
B L
BL
Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.
Cavanagh
P R
PR
Perry
J E
JE
D003312:Coriolis Force; D005684:Gait; D018470:Gravity, Altered; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics; D011187:Posture; D012399:Rotation; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018544:Weightlessness Countermeasures