title: Temporal variation in the new proton belt created in March 1991 observed using the CREAM & CREDO experiments.
abstract: The Cosmic Radiation Environment & Activation Monitor (CREAM) was carried in high inclination (57.1 degrees) orbits on Shuttle missions STS-48 in September 1991 (altitude 570 km) and STS-53 (altitude 325 to 385 km) in December 1992. On both occasions the instrument observed an excess of counts due to protons of greater than 30 MeV in energy in the region off of South Africa where field lines of L=2.5 intersect low earth orbit. Meanwhile the Cosmic Radiation Environment and Dosimetry Experiment (CREDO) carried to 840 km, 98.7 degrees orbit on UOSAT-3 has continued to sample the high field portions of the L-shells around L = 2.5 from April 1990 until the present time. When careful subtraction of cosmic-ray contributions is made it can be seen that the March 91 enhancement persisted for approximately 8 months and explains the STS-48 observation. There would appear to have been a further increase produced by the 31 October 1992 flare event and seen by STS-53.
authors.affiliation: Space and Communications Department, Defence Research Agency, Farnborough, UK.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Truscott
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peerless
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Underwood
mesh_terms: D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D004583:Electrons; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D009686:Nuclear Physics; D011522:Protons; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011835:Radiation Protection; D019445:Solar Activity; D013019:South Africa; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D011522:Protons