title: Closed water recirculating system for fish rearing equipped with bioreactor capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.
abstract: Five crucian carp, Carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. The system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. Ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-N/L, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2 and 8 mg-N/L with the bioreactor. As concerns nitrogen budget in the closed system, 95.0% of nitrogen income from feed was lost as nitrogen gas from the closed system. All fish was alive for 91 days without any unusual behavior. Thus, the bioreactor performed both nitrification and denitrification abilities enough to rear the five fish for 91 days. The bioreactor using the plate gels would be effective to simplify the closed system both physically and operationally, since it can remove the ammonia excreted from fish as nitrogen gas by a single step.
authors.affiliation: Bio-Science Department, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko-city, Japan. uemoto@criepi.denken.or.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masukawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D019149:Bioreactors; D002347:Carps; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D006054:Goldfish; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009606:Nitrosomonas / Q000378:metabolism; D010231:Paracoccus denitrificans / Q000378:metabolism; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen