In vivo inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis and growth in tobacco ovary tissues.
Post fertilization growth of tobacco ovary tissues treated with inhibitors of polyamine (PA) biosynthesis was examined in relation to endogenous PA titers and the activities of arginine decarboxylase (ADC, EC 4.1.1.19) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, EC 4.1.1.17).  DL-alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and DL-alpha-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), specific, irreversible ("suicide") inhibitors of ODC and ADC in vitro, were used to modulate PA biosynthesis in excised flowers.  ODC represented >99% of the total decarboxylase activity in tobacco ovaries.  In vivo inhibition of ODC with DFMO resulted in a significant decrease in PA titers, ovary fresh weight and protein content.  Simultaneous inhibition of both decarboxylases by DFMO and DFMA produced only a marginally greater depression in growth and PA titers, indicating that ODC activity is rate-limiting for PA biosynthesis in these tissues.  Paradoxically, DFMA alone inhibited PA biosynthesis, not as a result of a specific inhibition of ADC, but primarily through the inactivation of ODC.  In vivo inhibition of ODC by DFMA appears to result from arginase-mediated hydrolysis of this inhibitor to urea and DFMO, the suicide substrate for ODC.  Putrescine conjugates in tobacco appear to function as a storage form of this amine which, upon hydrolysis, may contribute to Put homeostasis during growth.
Slocum
R D
RD
Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Galston
A W
AW
D012437:Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000518:Eflornithine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008935:Mitoguazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011073:Polyamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000378:metabolism; D013095:Spermidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines; D013096:Spermine; C030965:alpha-(difluoromethyl)arginine; C037000:2-fluoromethylornithine; D001120:Arginine; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; C019722:arginine decarboxylase; D012437:Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase; D008935:Mitoguazone; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine; D000518:Eflornithine