title: CO2 enrichment influences yields of 'Florunner,' 'Georgia Red' and 'New Mexico' peanut cultivars.
abstract: Three peanut cultivars, 'Florunner,' 'Georgia Red,' and 'New Mexico,' were grown in reach-in chambers to determine response to CO2 enrichment. CO2 treatments were ambient (400 micromol mol-1) and 700 micromol mol-1. Growth chamber conditions included 700 micromol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), 28/22C, 7O% RH, and 12/12 h photoperiod. Growth media consisted of a 1:1 mixture (v/v) of vermiculite and sterilized sand. Six 10 L pots of each cultivar were fertilized three times per week with 250 mL of nutrient solution containing additional Ca (10 mM) and NO3 (25 mM) and watered well. Beginning 21 days after planting (DAP) and every three weeks thereafter up to 84 days, the second leaf from the growing axis (main stem) was detached to determine CO2 effect on leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA) and dry weight. Plants were harvested 97 DAP, at which time total leaf area, leaf number, plant and root weights and pod production data were taken. Numbers of pods per plant, pod fresh and dry weights, fibrous root and plant dry weights were higher for all cultivars grown at 700 micromol mol-1 than at ambient CO2. Also, leaf area for all cultivars was larger with CO2 enrichment than at ambient. SLA tended to decline with time regardless of CO2 treatment. Percentage of total sound mature kernels (%TSMK) was similar for both treatments. Plants grown at 700 micromol mol-1 CO2 had slightly more immature pods and seeds at final harvest.
authors.affiliation: Tuskegee University NASA Center for CELSS, George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station, AL 36088, USA.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mortley
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Loretan
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seminara
mesh_terms: D010367:Arachis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D017785:Photons; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide