title: Midazolam disposition in patients undergoing continuous venovenous hemodialysis.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and removal of midazolam and unconjugated and glucuronidated 1-hydroxy-midazolam in 4 intensive care patients on continuous venovenous hemodialysis. Plasma midazolam and its metabolites were assessed by HPLC from blood samples collected during continuous infusion and after the end of infusion. Additional samples from the arterial and venous bloodlines and ultrafiltrate were drawn to calculate sieving coefficient and clearance of ultrafiltration. The elimination half-life of midazolam ranged from 7.6 to 22.8 hours. The clearance of ultrafiltration was between 0.13 and 4.7 ml/min and reached approximately 11% of the total clearance. The range of sieving coefficient was from 0.006 to 0.26, with an average fraction removal of 0.2%. 1-Hydroxy-midazolam glucuronide was removed by continuous hemodialysis (sieving 0.36 to 0.63), with a clearance of ultrafiltration ranging from 7.8 to 12.0 ml/min. These preliminary results showed that midazolam is not removed efficiently, and approximately half of the 1-hydroxy-midazolam glucuronide was removed by dialysis.
authors.affiliation: Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Département de Pharmacie clinque, de Pharmacocinétique et d'Evaluation du Médicament, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bolon
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bastien
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flamens
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paulus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boulieu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001002:Anuria / Q000378:metabolism; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D006440:Hemofiltration; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D020719:Glucuronides; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; C040081:1-hydroxymethylmidazolam; D008874:Midazolam