title: A single dose of an ISCOM influenza vaccine induces long-lasting protective immunity against homologous challenge infection but fails to protect Cynomolgus macaques against distant drift variants of influenza A (H3N2) viruses.
abstract: Since the production of influenza vaccines is complicated by the continuous variation of these viruses, it would be desirable to develop vaccines that induce cross-protective immunity against influenza virus strains that circulate in subsequent winter epidemics. We have recently demonstrated that antibodies induced after vaccination with an immune stimulating complex (ISCOM)-based vaccine exhibited a certain degree of cross-reactivity with other influenza virus strains. In the present study, ISCOM-based vaccines were evaluated retrospectively by testing the protective immunity induced by ISCOM prepared with the membrane glycoproteins of A/Philippines/2/82 against the more recent strain A/Netherlands/18/94 in monkeys with or without a history of prior infection with an A/Philippines/2/82-like virus. It was found that the monkeys immunized with the A/Philippines/2/82 ISCOM were not protected from challenge infection with A/Netherlands/18/94. On the other hand, vaccination of monkeys which experienced a prior infection with an influenza A/Philippines/2/82-like virus, with a single dose of ISCOM vaccine induced long-lasting protective immunity against challenge infection with the homologous virus A/Netherlands/18/94.
authors.affiliation: National Influenza Centre, Institute of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rimmelzwaan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baars
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Amerongen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000276:immunology*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012008:Recurrence; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016882:ISCOMs; D007252:Influenza Vaccines