title: Systems integration in space flight environmental risk management.
abstract: This paper reviews the issues that must be addressed to define and integrate technologies, countermeasures, and medical care systems into space systems which will be developed for long duration space flight. This paper considers combined and cumulative effects, the broad range of space environmental health issues, including some examples, and a discussion of a management approach to these risks. While the primary emphasis is on space environmental health issues, other aspects of the space environment are also considered. Allocation of finite resources for optimal risk management is also considered.
authors.affiliation: Aerospace Engineering Sciences Dept., University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Morgenthaler
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Eberhardt
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D018480:Astronauts; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004782:Environmental Health; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D018470:Gravity, Altered; D006801:Humans; D008021:Life Support Systems; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012308:Risk Management; D013026:Space Flight; D018531:Spacecraft; D018511:Systems Integration; D014893:Weightlessness