title: The SDF-1-CXCR4 axis stimulates VEGF secretion and activates integrins but does not affect proliferation and survival in lymphohematopoietic cells.
abstract: To better define the role HIV-related chemokine receptor-chemokine axes play in human hematopoiesis, we investigated the function of the CXCR4 and CCR5 receptors in human myeloid, T- and B-lymphoid cell lines selected for the expression of these receptors (CXCR4(+), CXCR4(+) CCR5(+), and CCR5(+) cell lines). We evaluated the phosphorylation of MAPK p42/44, AKT, and STAT proteins and examined the ability of the ligands for these receptors (stromal-derived factor-1 [SDF-1] and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta [MIP-1beta]) to influence cell growth, apoptosis, adhesion, and production of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in these cell lines. We found that A) SDF-1, after binding to CXCR4, activates multiple signaling pathways and that in comparison with the MIP-1beta-CCR5 axis, plays a privileged role in hematopoiesis; B) SDF-1 activation of the MAPK p42/44 pathway and the PI-3K-AKT axis does not affect proliferation and apoptosis but modulates integrin-mediated adhesion to fibronectin, and C) SDF-1 induces secretion of VEGF, but not of MMPs or TIMPs. Thus the role of SDF-1 relates primarily to the interaction of lymphohematopoietic cells with their microenvironment and does not directly influence their proliferation or survival. We conclude that perturbation of the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis during HIV infection may affect interactions of hematopoietic cells with the hematopoietic microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kijowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baj-Krzyworzeka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majka
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reca
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Marquez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christofidou-Solomidou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janowska-Wieczorek
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Ratajczak
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D016023:Integrins; D008222:Lymphokines; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C022616:thiazolyl blue