title: Development of life support requirements for long-term space flight.
abstract: When humans move out into the solar system to stay for long durations, the most immediate challenge will be the provision of a life-supporting environment in locations that are naturally devoid of food, air, and water.  Life support systems must provide these commodities in all phases of space flight--during intravehicular activity (IVA) and during extra-vehicle activity (EVA).  Systems that support human life must provide:  overall reliability in the space environment, allowing maintenance and component replacement in space; reduced resupply mass of consumables and spares; for planetary surfaces, the ability to utilize local resources for increased self sufficiency; and the minimized mass power and volume requirements necessary for all space flight systems.  This paper will discuss the melding of these technical requirements in such a way as to meet the human needs of space flight.
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rummel
mesh_terms: D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D018478:Extravehicular Activity; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008021:Life Support Systems; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends*; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; D014893:Weightlessness