title: The role of extraterrestrial phenomena in extinction.
abstract: In the several years since the Alvarez report of anomalously high iridium concentrations at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, evidence for the involvement of meteorite impacts in biological extinction has increased dramatically.  Much more research will be needed, however, before meteorite impact is established as a general causal factor in extinction.  Of ever greater long-term interest is the possibility that other extraterrestrial forces have had important influences on the evolution of life.  To recognize the effects of such forces, it will be necessary to coordinate the research of astronomy and paleontology so that testable predictions can be formulated.  It is possible that known, systematic changes in the Solar System or Galaxy have had effects on global biology and that these effects have been preserved in the paleontological record.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Raup
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D018534:Earth, Planet; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D007495:Iridium / Q000032:analysis; D019110:Meteoroids; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010163:Paleontology; D016082:Solar System
chemical_list: D007495:Iridium