title: A feeding protocol for healthy preterm infants that shortens time to oral feeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that healthy preterm infants randomly assigned to a semi-demand feeding protocol would require fewer days to attain oral feeding and have a satisfactory weight gain compared with control infants receiving standard care.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2 neonatal intensive care nurseries, 81 infants 32 to < or = 34 weeks' postconceptional age were randomly assigned to the control (n = 41) or experimental (n = 40) protocol for transition from gavage to oral feedings. The control protocol followed the standard practice of gradually increasing scheduled oral feedings, whereas the experimental protocol used a semi-demand feeding method contingent on infant behavior. Analysis of variance techniques were used to compare the study groups for number of days to attain oral feeding and weight gain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The semi-demand method shortened the time for infants to achieve oral feeding by 5 days (P < .001). There were no differences in weight gain between the study groups, and both groups had satisfactory weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The semi-demand method for the transition from gavage to oral feeding in healthy, preterm infants 32 to < or = 34 weeks postconceptional age promotes faster attainment of oral feeding and does not compromise their weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Division of Patient Services, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: McCain
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Gartside
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lott
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human; D015430:Weight Gain