title: The electrolytical processes in dirty ices: implications for origin and chemistry of minor bodies and related objects.
abstract: Many moonlike bodies (M approximately or = 1 Moon) beyond the Martian orbit contain large amounts of dirty ice (approximately 50%) forming thick mantle with the solid phase thermal convection. When a body moves through the inter- or nearplanetary magnetized plasma, electric current is generated in the body and its environment. The current passing through a dirty ice containing up to 10% of organic admixtures produces a lot of electrochemical effects which have a profound impact on its composition. At this stage one can hardly say something definite concerning changes experienced by organics. The changes must occur inevitably and can be of a rather unexpected and far-reaching nature, so deserving a close study. Another obvious effect is a volumetric electrolysis of ice containing alien inclusions. The electrolysis products accumulate in ice in the form of a solid solution which is capable of detonation at 15-20 wt.% of 2H2 + O2. If M > or = 1 Moon (Galilean satellites, Titan), the body loses in explosion a part of its mass in the form of vapor and ice fragments (=short-period comet nuclei), whereas if M < or = 0.2 Moon, the body breaks up totally (the Main Belt asteroids origin approximately 3.9 Byr ago). 2H2 + O2 containing cometary nuclei are capable of burning or suffer new explosions when receiving an additional energy. The combustion in the sublimation products containing also light organics and 2H2 + O2 explains unexpected energetics and nearnuclear chemistry of Comet P/Halley (e.g. great abundances of negative and positive ions, atomic carbon, CO over CO2, origin of CHON particles etc) and its distant outbursts correlated, possibly, with the Solar activity. Thus the electrochemical processes in the dirty ice with organics, along with its subsequent thermal, radiative etc. processing, open up new potentials for explanation and prediction of quite unexpected discoveries.
authors.affiliation: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Drobyshevski
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Chesnakov
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Sinitsyn
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004560:Electricity; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004572:Electrolysis; D019419:Evolution, Planetary; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D007053:Ice; D008280:Magnetics; D019110:Meteoroids; D018543:Minor Planets; D018539:Saturn; D016082:Solar System
chemical_list: D007053:Ice