title: Dosimetry on the Spacelab missions IML1 and IML2, and D2 and on MIR.
abstract: Detector packages consisting of plastic nuclear track detectors, nuclear emulsions, and thermoluminescence detectors were exposed inside BIORACK during the Spacelab missions IML1 and IML2, in different sections of the MIR space station, and inside the Spacelab module at rack front panels or stowage lockers and in the Spacelab tunnel during D2. In addition, during D2, each Payload Specialist (PS) has worn three permanent detector packages; one at the neck; one at the waist; and one at the ankle. Total dose measurements, particle fluence rate and LET spectra, number of nuclear disintegrations and neutron dose from this exposure are given in this report. The results are compared to theoretical calculations and to previous missions results. The dose equivalent (total radiation exposure) received by the PSs were calculated from the measurements and range from 190 to 770 microSv d-1. Finally, a cursory investigation of results from a particle telescope from two silicon detectors, first used in the last BIORACK mission on STS76, is reported.
authors.affiliation: DLR, Institut fur Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin, Abteilung Strahlenbiologie, Koln, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reitz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beaujean
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heilmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leicher
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strauch
mesh_terms: D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D004601:Elementary Particles; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011874:Radiometry; D019445:Solar Activity; D013020:South America; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation; D013819:Thermoluminescent Dosimetry