title: Spin-echo versus gradient-echo fMRI with short echo times.
abstract: Blood-oxygen level dependent signal changes in the visual cortex were investigated as a function of echo time with spin-echo and gradient-echo EPI at 1.5 T and 3 T. The linear relationship between the fractional signal change and the echo time was apparent in all cases. Relaxation rate changes determined from the slope of this linear relation agree with published values, intercept values extrapolated to an echo time of zero, however, were 0.66% to 1.0% with spin-echo EPI, and 0.11% to 0.35% with gradient-echo EPI. Spin-echo and gradient-echo EPI can therefore yield similar signal changes at sufficiently short echo times.
authors.affiliation: MR Technology Group, Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. stroman@ibd.nrc.ca
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Stroman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: U N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Frankenstein
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Malisza
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tomanek
mesh_terms: D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology*