title: Inhibiting 3-phosphoglycerate kinase by EDTA stimulates the development of the cleavage stage mouse embryo.
abstract: Addition of EDTA to the medium significantly enhances mouse embryo development in culture. Embryos cultured in the absence of EDTA exhibit abnormal increases in glycolytic activity that result in reduced development. Culture with EDTA was able to prevent this increase in glycolysis and, therefore, maintain developmental competence. EDTA was shown to inhibit the activity of the glycolytic enzyme, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. Additionally, the effect of EDTA on maintaining high rates of embryo development in culture could be mimicked by the addition of Cibacron blue, an inhibitor of 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. The inhibition of 3-phosphoglycerate kinase by EDTA could be overcome by the addition of exogenous magnesium, indicating that the effect of EDTA was to reduce the availability of this co-factor to the glycolytic kinases. Embryos cultured with EDTA had significantly lower levels of intracellular magnesium compared to embryos cultured without EDTA. Therefore, the effect of EDTA appears to be as a chelator of divalent cations such as magnesium, that are required for normal activity of kinases such as 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.
authors.affiliation: Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Englewood, Colorado, USA. mlane@colocrm.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014227:Triazines; D005973:Glutamine; C012842:Cibacron Blue F 3GA; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase; D008274:Magnesium; D005947:Glucose