title: Double-blind crossover trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficiency of a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial in 22 patients with genetically confirmed SCA3/MJD. Study phases of 6 months were separated by a washout period of 4 weeks. Dosages were a combination of trimethoprim, 160 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg, twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a combination of trimethoprim, 80 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 400 mg, twice daily for 5.5 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient department of the Neurological Clinic, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ataxia ranking scale, self-assessment score, static posturography, and results of motor performance testing. Effects on the visual system were studied using the achromatic Vision Contrast Test System and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test for color discrimination. Physical and mental health were documented using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Subgroup analyses assessed the influence of age, sex, age at onset, duration of the disease, phenotype, and CAG repeat length on test performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty of 22 patients completed the study. Dropouts were due to a rash (placebo phase) and an attempted suicide in a family conflict. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy had no significant effect in SCA3/MJD patients in the short-term analysis (2 weeks) or in the long-term interval (6 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previous reports that studied smaller groups of patients, treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not improve the diverse and complex movement disorders caused by SCA3/MJD. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole had no effect on the visual system and cannot be recommended as a continuous treatment for SCA3/MJD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University, Gudrunstrasse 56, D-44791 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mattern
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szymanski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klotz
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Przuntek
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schöls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017827:Machado-Joseph Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014787:Vision Tests
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination