title: Intracellular cytokines in cells of necrotic tissue from patients with acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the alterations in intracellular cytokine responses in necrotic pancreatic tissue obtained on debridement from patients with acute pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Teaching hospital, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Necrotic tissue obtained at necrosectomy from 34 patients with alcohol-induced or biliary pancreatitis (n = 17 in each) and at autopsy from 12 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histopathological evaluation; measurement of intracellular content of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and IL-6 and IL-12 in CD14+ monocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intracellular content of the measured cytokines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and CD14+ monocytes responded to in vitro stimulation of mitogens and synthesised cytokines to varying degrees in the three groups. The heterogeneous cytokine response pattern did not show a typical type 1/type 2 polarised model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This profile suggests that the cells retain the capacity to modulate their phenotype in response to local conditions at the effector site. These results could be taken into consideration when designing new and specific treatments for modifying the immune inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wig
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vaiphei
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majumdar
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005218:Fat Necrosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines