Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and lipid levels differ by gender and family history of diabetes: the Rancho Bernardo Study.
Association between apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene polymorphism and lipid levels was studied in 164 nondiabetic first-degree relatives of persons with diabetes and 962 nondiabetic persons with no family history of diabetes. Sex-specific genotypic distribution of apoE polymorphism did not differ between persons with and without a family history of diabetes. In first-degree relatives, lipid levels did not differ among persons with apoE2 (E2/2, E2/3), apoE3/3, and apoE4 (E4/4, E3/4) after adjusting for age, waist circumference, smoking, and alcohol and estrogen use. In persons without a family history of diabetes, both men (p<0.01) and women (p<0.001) with apoE2 showed lower levels of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with persons with apoE3/3 and apoE4. In women with a family history of diabetes, persons with apoE4 had larger waist circumference (p<0.05). ApoE2 allele is associated with more favorable levels of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in men and women without a family history of diabetes. ApoE4 allele is associated with obesity independent of dyslipidemia in women but not men with a family history of diabetes. ApoE polymorphism is not associated with lipids in men or women with a family history of diabetes.
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Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0607, USA.
Barrett-Connor
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D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012737:Sex Factors
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004247:DNA