title: Circulating HER-2/erbB-2/c-neu (HER-2) extracellular domain as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study 8662.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The HER-2/erbB-2/c-neu (HER-2) proto-oncogene is a M(r) 185,000 transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is amplified and/or overexpressed by 20-40% of breast cancers. HER-2 has been associated with worse prognosis and resistance or sensitivity to specific treatment. We evaluated circulating levels of extracellular domain of HER-2 (ECD/HER-2) in metastatic breast cancer patients and investigated the prognostic and predictive significance of circulating HER-2 levels regarding endocrine therapy or chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma samples from 242 patients were assayed for circulating ECD/HER-2 levels, using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. ECD/HER-2 was correlated with clinical data gathered from these patients while they were participating in prospective Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) therapeutic protocols for metastatic breast cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-nine (37%) of 242 patients had elevated ECD/HER-2 levels (> or =10.5 ng/ml). ECD/HER-2 was significantly associated with tumor burden, progesterone receptor levels, and presence of visceral metastases. Patients with elevated pretreatment levels had a significantly shorter OS but not time-to-progression than did those with ECD/HER-2 levels <10.5 ng/ml in univariate analysis. In univariate but not multivariate subset analyses, among patients treated with endocrine therapy (megestrol acetate), elevated initial ECD/HER-2 was associated with worse OS compared with nonelevated patients. However, among patients treated with chemotherapy (mainly anthracycline-containing regimens), OS did not differ significantly. Rates of response to either endocrine therapy or chemotherapy were similar for patients with elevated and nonelevated ECD/HER-2 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECD/HER-2 levels are elevated in 35-40% of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Elevated ECD/HER-2 levels are associated with a poorer prognosis in these patients. However, no predictive role for ECD/HER-2 was identified, either for endocrine therapy or for anthracycline-based chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.
authors.affiliation: Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA. hayesdf@umich.edu
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Broadwater
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Cirrincione
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Rodrigue
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Younger
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Panasci
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Millard
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Henderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000097:blood*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human