title: Four educational programs in Space Life Sciences.
abstract: Four different educational programs impacting Space Life Sciences are described:  the NASA/USRA Advanced Design Program, the NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training (NSCORT) Program, the Centers for the Commercial Development of Space (CCDS) Program, and the NASA Graduate Research Fellow Program.  Each program makes somewhat different demands on the students engaged in them.  Each program, at the University of Colorado, involves Space Life Sciences training.  While the Graduate Student Research Fellow and NSCORT Programs are discipline oriented, the Advanced Design and CCDS Programs are focused on design, technologies and applications.  Clearly, the "training paradigms" differ for these educational endeavors.  But, these paradigms can be made to mutually facilitate enthusiasm and motivation.  Discipline-oriented academic programs, ideally, must be flexible enough to accommodate the emergent cross-disciplinary needs of Space Life Sciences students.  Models for such flexibility and resultant student performance levels are discussed based upon actual academic and professional records.
authors.affiliation: BioServe Space Technologies, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Luttges
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Stodieck
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Klaus
mesh_terms: D001690:Biological Science Disciplines; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D003120:Colorado; D015509:Developmental Biology; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004500:Education, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D016730:Program Development; D013026:Space Flight / Q000193:education* / Q000295:instrumentation; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation; D018581:Technology Transfer; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration