Protection against ultraviolet B- and C-induced DNA damage and skin carcinogenesis by the flowers of Prunus persica extract.
The ethanol extract of the flowers of Prunus persica (Ku-35) (50-200 microg/ml) was found to inhibit UVB- as well as UVC-induced DNA damage measured by the COMET assay in the skin fibroblast cell (NIH/3T3). In addition, Ku-35 inhibited UVB- or UVC-induced lipid peroxidation, especially against UVB-induced peroxidation at higher than 10 microg/ml. We also evaluated the protective effect of Ku-35 against UVB-induced non-melanoma skin cancer in mice. Ku-35 was applied topically before UVB exposure, and its effects on tumor incidence (% of mice with tumors) and tumor multiplicity (number of tumors per mouse) were evaluated. The application of Ku-35 clearly resulted in a delay of tumor development compared to the control. In tumor incidence, 100% mice in the control group and the low dose treatment of Ku-35 had tumors, whereas 94.1% of the mice had tumors after the high dose treatment of Ku-35 at the end of experiment (28 weeks). In tumor multiplicity, low and high treatments of Ku-35 resulted in 25.9 and 53.9% reduction at the end of the experiment (P<0.05, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)). The present data indicate that Ku-35 protects against photogenotoxicity in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. The possible action mechanism of Ku-35 may be through its anti-oxidant activity without pro-oxidant effect. Ku-35 can also show a delay of tumor development against UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis. These results suggest that Ku-35 extract may be useful for protecting UV-induced DNA damage and carcinogenesis when topically applied.
Heo
M Y
MY
College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, 200-701, Chunchon, South Korea. myheo@kangwon.ac.kr
Kim
S H
SH
Yang
H E
HE
Lee
S H
SH
Jo
B K
BK
Kim
H P
HP
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004247:DNA / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019685:Rosales / Q000737:chemistry*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D004247:DNA