title: Influence of anti-Helicobacter triple-therapy with metronidazole, omeprazole and clarithromycin on intestinal microflora.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proton pump inhibitor-based therapy including two antibiotics is the treatment of choice for Helicobacter pylori infection. Oral antibiotic treatment can lead to intestinal overgrowth of potentially pathogenic bacteria.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the intestinal microflora before and at different times after H. pylori treatment with omeprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacterial growth in faecal samples from 51 patients infected with H. pylori was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. During the same period of time, stool samples from 27 H. pylori-negative controls were taken and investigated at the same intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microflora of H. pylori-infected patients was different from that in H. pylori negative controls. It was characterized by a high concentration of lactobacilli, mainly Lactobacillus acidophilus. Immediately after therapy there was an increased colonization with yeasts, while the growth of lactobacilli and other species was inhibited. Clostridium difficile was cultured from three cases, but without clinical manifestations of pseudomembranous colitis. After 4 weeks of therapy, the microflora returned to normal and was not different from that of the H. pylori-negative control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In H. pylori-positive patients the intestinal flora is characterized by an increase in growth of acid-tolerant L. acidophilus. Eradication therapy exerts only a short-term influence on intestinal flora, whereas in the long term, the intestinal microflora is restored to a pattern similar to that of the control group.
authors.affiliation: State Institute of Hygiene Saxony-Anhalt, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bühling
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Radun
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malfertheiner
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D008795:Metronidazole; D017291:Clarithromycin; D009853:Omeprazole