title: Electrofusion of plant cell protoplasts under microgravity--a D-2 spacelab experiment.
abstract: Plant cell protoplasts, derived from sexually incompatible plant species, have proved to be a good system for somatic hybridization by electrofusion. Under microgravity, an increase in fusion yield can be expected, especially if the parental cells differ markedly in size or specific density. On the D-2 spacelab mission flown in 1993, electrofusion experiments were performed with three different objects, i.e. tobacco as model system, Helianthus as an important crop, and Digitalis as a plant of pharmacological interest.  The resulting fusion products were cultivated (along with parental cells) for 10 days under microgravity, and subsequently regenerated on ground for biochemical analysis.  Results are presented on the observation of the fusion process during flight, heterofusion yields, ultrastructural investigation of fusion products immediately after fusion, and characterization of the resulting hybrids. The results are interpreted on the background of earlier microgravity-experiments on sounding rockets or parabolic flights.
authors.affiliation: Institut fur Botanik, Universitat Tubingen, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schonherr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Johann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hampp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Keller
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Voeste
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schnabl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eisenbeiss
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reinhard
mesh_terms: D002298:Cardenolides / Q000378:metabolism; D002459:Cell Fusion; D004070:Digitalis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D004560:Electricity; D004950:Esterases / Q000378:metabolism; D005959:Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism; D006368:Helianthus / Q000166:cytology*; D006822:Hybrid Cells; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000502:physiology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013026:Space Flight; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D002298:Cardenolides; D010940:Plant Proteins; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D010544:Peroxidases; D004950:Esterases; C113503:Cardenolide 16-O-glucohydrolase, Digitalis lanata; D005959:Glucosidases