title: Swimming behavior of Paramecium--first results with the low-speed centrifuge microscope (NIZEMI).
abstract: The low-speed centrifuge microscope NIZEMI (= Nieder-Geschwindigkeits-Zentrifugen-Mikroskop) is an excellent tool with which to investigate the effects of slightly increased gravity in the fields of biology and material sciences.  We investigated the swimming behavior of Paramecium in the NIZEMI, by aid of a computer-controlled image analysis system.  In the range of acceleration (1 g to 5 g), cells retained their swimming capability, did not sediment, and even increased the precision of their negative gravitaxis but reduced their mean swimming velocity.
authors.affiliation: DLR, Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hemmersbach-Krause
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Briegleb
authors.lastname: Häder D-P
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002498:Centrifugation; D018466:Gravity Sensing / Q000502:physiology*; D018471:Hypergravity; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010247:Paramecium / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming