title: Optical and electron-microscopic studies of the Funaria hygrometrica protonema after cultivation for 96 days in space.
abstract: Funaria hygrometrica protonema cells grown in the "IFS-2" (Inoculating fixing system) for 96 days on board the Salyut 6-Soyuz 32 orbital scientific station were examined by light and electron-microscopy.  Investigation of experimental and control cells of the moss protonema showed common features as well as distinctions in their structure.  Protonema cells of Funaria hygrometrica both differentiate and undergo photosynthesis during space flight.  Changes in cell shape, decreased cell size, a reduction in the volume of starch granules, and altered chloroplast structure were observed.
authors.affiliation: N.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of UkrSSR Acad Sci., Kiev, USSR.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Kordyum
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nedukha
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Stynik
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mashinsky
mesh_terms: D019068:Bryopsida / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D013026:Space Flight; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D013213:Starch