title: Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of dominant-negative mutant of c-Jun prevents intercellular adhesion molecule-1 induction by LDL: a critical role for activator protein-1 in endothelial activation.
abstract: Low density lipoprotein (LDL) induces intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene expression and leads to endothelial cell (EC) leukocyte adhesion. However, the transcriptional mechanism for LDL-induced EC perturbation remains to be fully explained. Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is induced after the exposure of ECs to LDL. In the present study, a regulated adenovirus expressing a dominant-negative mutant of c-Jun (TAM-67) was used to examine the role of AP-1 in the LDL-induced ICAM-1 activation. Overexpression of TAM-67 specifically inhibited AP-1 activation and prevented the LDL-activated surface expression of ICAM-1 protein in human umbilical vein ECs and human coronary artery ECs. Northern analyses and promoter transactivation assays indicated that this effect of TAM-67 was likely mediated through a suppression of the transcriptional regulation of the ICAM-1 gene. Functionally, TAM-67 attenuated leukocyte adherence to ECs in response to LDL. Furthermore, electrophoresis mobility shift assays and site-directed mutagenesis suggested that an AP-1-like motif in the promoter region of the human ICAM-1 gene was a critical cis element for LDL induction. These results, for the first time, provide evidence suggesting that AP-1 is a major regulatory mechanism leading to endothelial activation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA. nwang@ucrac1.ucr.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verna
authors.lastname: Liao Hl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Stemerman
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1