title: Interplanetary travel and permanent injury to normal heart.
abstract: This hypothesis is that some crewmen on prolonged space flights may develop permanent myocardial injury despite the absence of coronary atherosclerosis and even without the hazards of radiation beyond orbit. This may resuIt from atrophy of skeletal muscle and bone resulting in magnesium ion deficiency predisposing to a vicious cycle with catecholamine elevations, with the latter aggravated by stress, dehydration-provoked angiotensin elevations, unremitting endurance exercise, and in turn a second vicious cycle with severe ischemia. Toxic free radicals can develop complicating ischemia and potential high radiation, with magnesium ion deficiency and high vascular catecholamines playing contributing roles. These free radicals may lead to inactivation of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) causing coronary endothelial injury by a third vicious cycle, increased peripheral resistance and coronary vasospasm intensifying ischemia. Local and systemic thrombogenesis could contribute ultimately to focal fibrosis of the myocardium, if the ischemia is not recognized. Sufficient magnesium and time for repair are vital.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Rowe
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018480:Astronauts; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010560:Personnel Selection; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D013026:Space Flight; D014893:Weightlessness / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018544:Weightlessness Countermeasures
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D005609:Free Radicals; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008274:Magnesium