Biological life support for manned missions by ESA.
The anticipated evolution of life support technologies for ESA, considering both the complementary life support system requirements and the missions' characteristics, is presented. Based on these results, promising biological life support technologies for manned space missions have been selected by ESA either for their intrinsic ability and performance in effecting specific tasks for atmosphere-, water-, waste-management versus physico-chemical alternatives and/or for longer-term application to a more ecological concept (CES) focusing ultimately on food production.  Actual status and plan for terrestrial and space testing of biological life support presented focusing on the "task specific" decontamination technology of the Biological Air Filter (BAF), and on food reprocessing technologies from biodegradable wastes with the MELISSA microbial ecosystem.
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Life Support and Habitability Section, European Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
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D000389:Air Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D018533:Biomass; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D000458:Cyanobacteria; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018505:Waste Management; D014893:Weightlessness