Effects of gravity perturbation on developing animal systems.
Developing systems provide unique opportunities for analyzing the effects of microgravity on animals.  Several unusual types of cells as well as various extraordinary cellular behavior patterns characterize the embryos of most animals.  Those features have been exploited as test systems for space flight.  The data from previous experiments are reviewed, and considerations for the design of future experiments are presented.
Malacinski
G M
GM
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.
Neff
A W
AW
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000502:physiology; D015509:Developmental Biology / Q000639:trends; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D018470:Gravity, Altered / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010063:Ovum; D051381:Rats; D012107:Research Design; D013026:Space Flight; D014893:Weightlessness; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation; D014982:Xenopus laevis