title: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein is reduced in the renal medulla of two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in the kidneys of two-kidney, one-clip renal hypertensive rats (2K1C) before and after removal of the clip (unclipping, UC). We hypothesised that the haemodynamic changes induced by 2K1C and UC would change eNOS expression in the two kidneys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six weeks after inducing 2K1C, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in conscious rats and hypertension reversed by UC. Left and right kidney eNOS protein in cortex and outer medulla was semi-quantified using immunoblotting. Groups were; normotensive (n = 10), 2K1C (n = 10), 3 h (n = 10), 48 h (n = 7) and 4 weeks (n = 7) after UC. The effect of 7 days of aldosterone or angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion on medullary eNOS protein was tested as well as the effect of L-NAME (nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor) on medullary blood flow (MBF) in anaesthetized 2K1C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  UC reduced MAP from 178 +/- 5 to 134 +/- 3 mmHg after 3 h and normalized MAP at 48 h and 4 weeks. The medulla from 2K1C kidneys contained about 33% less eNOS protein compared with normotensive kidneys (P < 0.05). This difference was still evident at 3 h (P < 0.05), but completely reversed at 48 h and 4 weeks after UC. Similar levels of eNOS expression were seen in the left and right kidney at all time points. Cortical eNOS was increased in kidneys from 2K1C. Neither Ang II nor aldosterone affected eNOS expression in the medulla. MBF was under similar influence of NO in 2K1C compared with normotensive kidneys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  2K1C is associated with reduced levels of eNOS protein in the renal medulla of both clipped and contralateral kidney. eNOS expression in right and left kidney was not changed despite expected large changes in haemodynamics of the two kidneys. The reduced level of eNOS may be associated with a reduction in MBF and thus be of patho-physiological importance in renovascular hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wickman
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hedin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bergström
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000201:enzymology; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000098:blood supply / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000450:Aldosterone; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester