title: Radiation stability of organic matter in liquid and frozen H2O, NH3 and water-ammonia mixtures.
abstract: The redox properties of irradiated liquid and frozen H2O, NH3 and H2O/NH3 mixtures at 298 K and 77 K, resp., towards some simple organic molecules have been checked by injecting carrierfree 11C atoms and analyzing their chemical state by means of radiochromatography. The reactions and the stability of organic products versus radiation dose (in this study by MeV protons) depend on temperature, phase state, mobility of radicals, their concentration and reactivity. Especially dangerous are the reactive OH and O2H radicals which oxidize organic material to inorganic CO2. Highest stability has been found at low temperatures (solid state, reduced mobility of radicals) and for systems containing H-donors (H2O/NH3 mixtures), which reduce the concentration of oxidizing radicals. The fact that many bodies in space consist of H2O-ice with NH3 and CH4 additives at temperatures between 10 and 150 K is promising in view of the survival of organic matter under high doses of radiation.
authors.affiliation: Institut fur Chemie 1 (Nuklearchemie) der Kernforschungsanlage Julich GmBH, Julich, FRG.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nebeling
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roessler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007053:Ice / Q000032:analysis*; D008697:Methane / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D000432:Methanol / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D011522:Protons; D011854:Radiochemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D007053:Ice; D011522:Protons; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D000641:Ammonia; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D008697:Methane; D000432:Methanol