title: Discovery of a novel Raf kinase inhibitor.
abstract: We discuss the biology of Ras signal transduction and the epidemiology of ras mutations in association with disease as a background for the development of a Raf kinase inhibitor, BAY 43-9006. Knowledge of Ras effector pathways has permitted genetic validation of numerous targets involved in the Ras signaling cascade. A key Ras effector pathway involves the kinase cascade RAF/MEK/ERK (MEK: MAP/ERK kinase; ERK: extracellular signal related kinase). Indeed, we present studies of cell lines stably expressing mutant MEK constructs, which point to Raf kinase as a target for therapeutics with selective anti-tumor activity. Finally, a small molecule drug discovery program based on inhibition of Raf kinase activity is outlined and the initial pre-clinical development process of the Raf kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Onyx Pharmaceuticals, 3031 Research Drive, Richmond, California 94806, USA. jlyons1@ireland.com
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hibner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bollag
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; C482578:Map3k1 protein, mouse