title: Effects of sodium nitrite on natural killer cells isolated from human peripheral blood.
abstract: The effect of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/ml) of sodium nitrite on the anti-tumor activity of natural killer (NK) cells isolated from human peripheral blood was examined. Sodium nitrite induced significant inhibition (25.3-66.6%) of NK cell activity against WEHI-164 cells. This reduction in NK cell cytotoxicity was found to be partially due to inhibition of NK cell production of interferon-gamma (25.7-92.8%) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (26.6 76.6%). In addition, exposure to sodium nitrite resulted in a significant decrease (17.5-81.1%) in proliferation of control and interleukin-2-stimulated NK cells. Furthermore, the release of granzyme A and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase by NK cells was also decreased by 21.7-72.2% and 33.5-81.2%, respectively. Therefore, sodium nitrite is of environmental concern in view of its inhibitory effects on NK cell activity that might contribute to tumor promotion in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid. harfeil@just.edu.jo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abuharfeil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaran
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shabsough
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Darmani
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C031618:sodium nitrate; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C509212:GZMA protein, human