title: Neonatal outcome following maternal opiate use in late pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the neonatal outcome in the form of use of morphine and triclofos to treat the neonatal abstinence syndrome following maternal opiate use in late pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case study of 51 pregnancies associated with maternal opiate use between January 1992 and December 1997.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 51 pregnancies which resulted in 51 live births. In the third trimester 22 women took methadone only, 19 women used heroin and 10 women stopped opiate use during pregnancy. Babies of methadone using mothers were less likely to be treated with morphine or triclofos than heroin using women. Morphine, triclofos use was more common in high dose methadone users compared with low users.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful methadone substitution compared with continued heroin use results in reduced morphine and triclofos use in the babies exposed.
authors.affiliation: Hull Maternity Hospital, Hull, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ohadike
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carrick
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pairaudeau
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lindow
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D003932:Heroin / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D010755:Organophosphates; D003932:Heroin; D009020:Morphine; C004345:triclofos