title: Explanted glomeruli: utility and limitations.
abstract: Ex vivo incubation of isolated glomeruli has been used for many years to investigate biochemical properties of glomeruli. However, little has been understood about whether and how isolation and explanation per se affect the structure and function of the glomerulus. We recently reported that ex vivo incubation of isolated normal glomeruli results in severe apoptosis of podocytes, activation of the family of mitogen-activated protein kinase and expression of several genes regulated by activator protein 1. In this article, we summarize our current findings and discuss the utility and limitations of explanted glomeruli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Jules Thorn Institute, Middlesex Hospital, London, UK. m.kitamura@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D054631:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C516891:Ptpro protein, rat; D054631:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3