title: Kinetics of determination in the differentiation of isolated mesophyll cells of Zinnia elegans to tracheary elements.
abstract: Mechanically isolated mesophyll cells of Zinnia elegans L. cv Envy differentiate to tracheary elements when cultured in inductive medium containing 0.5 micromolar alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.5 micromolar benzyladenine.  The cells do not differentiate when cultured in medium in which the concentration of auxin and/or cytokinin has been reduced to 0.005 micromolar.  Cells require an initial 24-hour exposure to inductive  cytokinin and 56-hour exposure to inductive auxin for differentiation at 72 hours of culture.  Freshly isolated Zinnia cells can be maintained in medium having low concentrations of both auxin and cytokinin for only 1 day without significant loss of potential to differentiate upon transfer to inductive medium.  Initial culture for up to 2 days in medium having high auxin and low cytokinin, or low auxin and high cytokinin, allows full differentiation on the third day after transfer to inductive medium and potentiates the early differentiation of some cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Church
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Galston
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000502:physiology; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000502:physiology; D007701:Kinetin; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D059828:Plant Cells; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000502:physiology*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D011687:Purines; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D003470:Culture Media; D003583:Cytokinins; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D011687:Purines; C034182:1-naphthaleneacetic acid; D000225:Adenine; C480551:benzylaminopurine; D007701:Kinetin