title: Non-expanded polyglutamine proteins in intranuclear inclusions of hereditary ataxias--triple-labeling immunofluorescence study.
abstract: Neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NIIs) found in CAG/polyglutamine-expansion disorders contain both expanded polyglutamine and the gene product without the CAG repeat. The gene product containing expanded polyglutamine has, therefore, been considered to be a major component of NIIs. In this immunohistochemical study, we showed recruitment of ataxin-2, ataxin-3 and TATA box binding protein (TBP) into NIIs of the pontine neurons of spinocerebellar ataxia type (SCA) 1, SCA2, SCA3 and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy brains. Triple-labeling immunofluorescence demonstrated colocalization of ataxin-2 and ataxin-3 in NIIs containing expanded polyglutamine, irrespective of the disease examined. These in vivo findings indicate that polyglutamine proteins recruited into NIIs are not restricted to their expanded form. Among these proteins, recruitment of ataxin-2 was least frequent in every case examined, suggesting that the rate of recruitment partly depends on the protein transported into NIIs. Because other proteins lacking polyglutamine motif were not detected in NIIs, it is suggested that the presence of polyglutamine is a prerequisite for these proteins to be recruited into nucleus and to form NIIs. Interaction between expanded and non-expanded polyglutamine may play roles during these processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Japan. uchihara@tmin.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujigasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yagishita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
mesh_terms: D000067699:Ataxin-3; D000067528:Ataxins; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011149:Pons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013132:Spinocerebellar Degenerations / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019680:Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000067528:Ataxins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; C097188:polyglutamine; C092341:ATXN3 protein, human; D000067699:Ataxin-3