title: Can incineration technology convert CELSS wastes to resources for crop production? A working hypothesis and some preliminary findings.
abstract: Considerable evidence exists to support the hypothesis that human-generated wastes can be utilized as resources in crop production. In the waste mix from a Closed Ecological Life Support System (CELSS), the elemental resources are found mainly in the solid fraction. In order to make these resources available for crop growth, it is necessary to convert the solid wastes to either an aqueous or a gaseous phase. Incineration is one method for processing solid wastes to produce a gaseous fraction and a small solid fraction of ash. Evidence from literature provides a compelling case for a working hypothesis that plants can utilize the gases of incineration. Although uptake and utilization of inorganic elements in the aqueous phase is well established, the uptake and utilization of inorganic elements in the gaseous phase, with the exception of CO2 and O2, is not fully understood. This paper attempts to (a) summarize existing literature on uptake/metabolism of inorganic elements in the gaseous fraction, with the exception of CO2 and O2 and (b) develop a working hypothesis to predict the use of incineration flue gases by plants. Preliminary experimental findings on effects of carbon monoxide, a component of the flue gas, are also presented.
authors.affiliation: Lockheed Martin Engineering & Sciences Co., NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wignarajah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pisharody
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D017745:Incineration; D018545:Lactuca / Q000378:metabolism*; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018505:Waste Management
chemical_list: D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002248:Carbon Monoxide