title: MtnK, methylthioribose kinase, is a starvation-induced protein in Bacillus subtilis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Methylthioadenosine, the main by-product of spermidine synthesis, is degraded in Bacillus subtilis as adenine and methylthioribose. The latter is an excellent sulfur source and the precursor of quorum-sensing signalling molecules. Nothing was known about methylthioribose recycling in this organism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using trifluoromethylthioribose as a toxic analog to select for resistant mutants, we demonstrate that methylthioribose is first phosphorylated by MtnK, methylthioribose kinase, the product of gene mtnK (formerly ykrT), expressed as an operon with mtnS (formerly ykrS) in an abundant transcript with a S-box leader sequence. Although participating in methylthioribose recycling, the function of mtnS remained elusive. We also show that MtnK synthesis is boosted under starvation condition, in the following decreasing order: carbon-, sulfur- and nitrogen-starvation. We finally show that this enzyme is part of the family Pfam 01633 (choline kinases) which belongs to a large cluster of orthologs comprizing antibiotic aminoglycoside kinases and protein serine/threonine kinases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first step of methylthioribose recycling is phosphorylation by MTR kinase, coded by the mtnK (formerly ykrT) gene. Analysis of the neighbourhood of mtnK demonstrates that genes located in its immediate vicinity (now named mtnUVWXYZ, formerly ykrUVWXYZ) are also required for methylthioribose recycling.
authors.affiliation: HKU-Pasteur Research Centre, Dexter HC Man Building, Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. sekowska@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekowska
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mulard
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krogh
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danchin
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000201:enzymology*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D015870:Gene Expression; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D013217:Starvation / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C021787:5-methylthioribose kinase