title: Effects of 40Ar and 56Fe ions on retinal photoreceptor cells of the rabbit:  implications for manned missions to Mars.
abstract: Losses of photoreceptor cells (rods) from the retinas of New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were detectable within 2 years after localized acute irradiation of optic and proximal tissues with > or = 7 Gy of 530 MeV u-1 40Ar ions or > or = 2 Gy of 465 MeV u-1 56Fe ions in the Bragg plateau region of energy deposition. Those limits were determined only from an analysis of variance of dose groups because the shapes of the dose response curves at early post-irradiation times are not known, a concern being addressed by experiments in progress. Losses of photoreceptor cells for the period 0.5-2.5 years post-irradiation, determined by provisional linear regression analysis, were approximately 1.7% Gy-1 and 2.5% Gy-1 for 40Ar and 56Fe ions, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lett
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001128:Argon; D003359:Cosmic Radiation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D007501:Iron; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D010315:Particle Accelerators; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001128:Argon; D007501:Iron