Pilot CELSS based on a maltose-excreting Chlorella:  concept and overview on the technological developments.
A typical ecosystem is composed of three compartments:  photosynthetic producer (anabolizing processes), consumer and decomposer (catabolizing processes).  It is still far too much complex, however, to form the basis on which establishing an engineered artificial ecosystem, dedicated to support life (of the consumer) in space.  A simpler, two compartments, pilot model to start with has been selected.  It is based on a symbiotic Chlorella (strain 241.80), which can be tuned, at low pH, to produce maltose.  This feature prevents the accumulation of useless biomass, not readily edible by the consumer.  Being excreted, maltose is easily recoverable, and constitutes a direct source of carbon suitable for many consumers.  Since they will totally catabolize it back to CO2, the necessity for a decomposer compartment is avoided.  The present status of the technological concept designed to support life of small consumers (animals, microorganisms) will be presented, taking into account the space compatibility of the technologies developed.
Brechignac
F
F
European Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
Schiller
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P
D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002708:Chlorella / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008320:Maltose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D010865:Pilot Projects
D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D008320:Maltose; D002244:Carbon; D010100:Oxygen