title: Metabolic activity of microorganisms in evaporites.
abstract: Crystalline salt is generally considered so hostile to most forms of life that it has been used for centuries as a preservative. Here, we present evidence that prokaryotes inhabiting a natural evaporite crust of halite and gypsum are metabolically active while inside the evaporite for at least 10 months. In situ measurements demonstrated that some of these "endoevaporitic" microorganisms (probably the cyanobacterium Synechococcus Nageli) fixed carbon and nitrogen. Denitrification was not observed. Our results quantified the slow microbial activity that can occur in salt crystals. Implications of this study include the possibility that microorganisms found in ancient evaporite deposits may have been part of an evaporite community.
authors.affiliation: NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rothschild
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Giver
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mancinelli
mesh_terms: D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D008800:Mexico; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D010674:Pheophytins / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D012623:Seawater; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D010674:Pheophytins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen; D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D000077194:Chlorophyll A