title: Screening for anabolic steroids and related compounds in illegal cocktails by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry with accurate mass measurement.
abstract: Findings of illegal hormone preparations such as syringes, bottles, cocktails, and so on, are an important information source for the nature of the current abuse of anabolic steroids and related compounds as growth-promoting agents in cattle. A new screening method for steroids in cocktails is presented based on liquid chromatography (LC) with diode-array UV-absorbance detection and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOFMS). Accurate mass measurements were performed at a mass resolution of 4000 using continuous introduction of a lock mass through a second (electro)sprayer. Similar experiments were carried out using dual-sprayer quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOFMS/MS) at a mass resolution of 10 000 with data-dependent MS/MS acquisition; i.e. beyond an intensity threshold for the [M + H](+) ions, MS/MS spectra were automatically acquired at three different collision energies. Elemental compositions were calculated for precursor and product ions and it is shown that the combined information from LC retention behavior, UV spectra, elemental compositions, and accurate mass MS/MS spectra yield a fast impression of the steroids present in the complex mixture. Using a new software tool for structure elucidation of MS/MS spectra, an additional non-steroidal additive was identified as well.
authors.affiliation: State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products (RIKILT), P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands. m.w.f.nielsen@rikilt.wag-ur.nl
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Nielen
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vissers
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van Velde
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lommen
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents