title: Autologous, cadaveric, and synthetic materials used in sling surgery: comparative biomechanical analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the biomechanical properties of allografts, autografts, and synthetic materials used in sling surgery using the Instron tensinometer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sling grafts we studied consisted of autologous tissues (dermis, rectus fascia, and vaginal mucosa), cadaver tissues (decellularized dermis and freeze-dried, gamma-irradiated fascia lata), and synthetics (Gore-Tex and polypropylene mesh). The sling grafts were constructed into two types of slings: full strip sling (FSS) versus patch suture sling (PSS). The slings were loaded onto the Instron tensinometer and uniaxially loaded in tension until failure. From the load deformation curve, the mechanical properties of the sling grafts were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 140 sling grafts were analyzed. In rank order for the FSSs, cadaver allografts had the strongest tensile strength followed by the synthetics and autologous tissues (P <0.05). The tensile strength of the FSSs was greater than for the PSSs for all groups (P </=0.001). In rank order for the PSSs, the synthetics and dermal tissues (autograft and allograft) had the highest tensile strength followed by cadaver fascia lata, rectus fascia, and vaginal mucosa (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tensile strength of the FSS was greater than that of the PSS for the autograft, allograft, and synthetic tissues. The autograft and allograft tissues were significantly weaker as a PSS. The synthetics were more durable as a PSS compared with the organic tissues. When a PSS is constructed from autograft and allograft tissues, the risk of suture pull-through and recurrent stress incontinence must be considered.
authors.affiliation: Urodynamics and Continence Center, Division of Urology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kothandapani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bowling
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D005206:Fascia Lata / Q000601:surgery / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000592:standards; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000592:standards; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000592:standards; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000601:surgery*; D014621:Vagina / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene