title: Overwintering cost associated with resistance to transgenic cotton in the pink bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).
abstract: Fitness costs associated with resistance to transgenic crops producing toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) may have important effects on the evolution of resistance. We investigated overwintering costs in pink bollworm, Pectinophora gosypiella (Saunders), strains with different degrees of resistance to Bt cotton. Frequency of resistant individuals in a strain was not associated with induction of diapause or emergence from diapause in early winter. Emergence from diapause in the spring was 71% lower in three highly resistant strains than in two heterogeneous strains from which the resistant strains were derived. This underestimates the overwintering cost because the frequency of the resistance allele was relatively high in the heterogeneous strains. Emergence in the spring in hybrid progeny from crosses between the resistant and heterogeneous strains was greater than in resistant strains but did not differ from susceptible strains, showing that the overwintering cost was recessive to some extent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85040-2933, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Carrière
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ellers-Kirk
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Patin
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dennehy
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Tabashnik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D003368:Gossypium; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D008297:Male; D009036:Moths; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis