title: Condylar bony change and self-reported parafunctional habits in prospective orthognathic surgery patients with temporomandibular disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported parafunctional habits and condylar bony change and disk displacement in orthognathic surgery patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional retrospective study of pretreatment helical computed tomography scans and questionnaires of 94 female orthognathic surgery patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Condylar bony change, unilaterally or bilaterally, was found in 56.4% of the subjects, or 43.6% of the joints. Disk displacement, unilaterally or bilaterally, was seen in 59.6% of the subjects, or 45.7% of the joints. Bruxism and clenching was significantly associated with condylar bony change and disk displacement. Subjects with 3 or more parafunctional habits showed a significantly higher rate of bilateral condylar bony change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that bruxism and clenching might be related to deterioration of the temporomandibular joint and that the greater the number of parafunctional habits a subject has, the higher the risk of condylar bony change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan. kazuhiro@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D002012:Bruxism / Q000150:complications; D002638:Chewing Gum; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003769:Dental Occlusion, Traumatic / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D024343:Open Bite / Q000150:complications; D011378:Prognathism / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000150:complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum