title: LET spectra of trapped anomalous cosmic rays in low-Earth orbit.
abstract: Observations aboard Cosmos satellites discovered trapped anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs), tracked the variation in their intensity in 1986-1988, and measured their fluence, spectrum, and composition at solar minimum in the previous solar cycle. The MAST instrument aboard the SAMPEX satellite has observed trapped anomalous cosmic rays in the present solar cycle, confirmed the general features of the Cosmos data, and provided the first detailed observations of trapped ACRs. In this paper we apply theoretical modeling of trapped ACRs, which is shown to provide a reasonably good description of both the Cosmos and SAMPEX data, to calculate the integral linear-energy-transfer (LET) spectra due to trapped ACRs in typical low-Earth orbits. We compare these calculations with the LET spectra produced by galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and non-trapped ACRs in order to assess the relative radiation hazard posed by trapped ACRs.
authors.affiliation: E.O. Hulbert Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tylka
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Boberg
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D008280:Magnetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011835:Radiation Protection; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation