title: Operation of an experimental algal gas exchanger for use in a CELSS.
abstract: Concepts of a CELSS anticipate the use of photosynthetic organisms (higher plants and algae) for air revitalization.  The rates of production and uptake of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the crew and the photosynthetic organisms are mismatched.  An algal [correction of aglal] system used for gas exchange only will have the difficulty of an accumulation or depletion of these gases beyond physiologically tolerable limits (in a materially closed system the mismatch between assimilatory quotient (AQ) and respiratory quotient (RQ) will be balanced by the operation of the waste processor).  We report the results of a study designed to test the feasibility of using environmental manipulations to maintain physiologically appropriate atmospheres for algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) and mice (Mus musculus strain DW/J) in a gas-closed system.  Specifically, we consider the atmosphere behavior of this system with Chlorella grown on nitrate or urea and at different light intensities and optical densities.  Manipulation of both the photosynthetic rate and AQ of the alga has been found to reduce the mismatch of gas requirements and allow operation of the system in a gas-stable manner.  Operation of such a system in a CELSS may be useful for reduction of buffer sizes, as a backup system for higher plant air revitalization and to supply extra oxygen to the waste processor or during crew changes.  In addition, mass balance for components of the system (mouse, algae and a waste processor) are presented.
authors.affiliation: Complex Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824, USA.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Smernoff
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wharton
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Averner
mesh_terms: D000389:Air Conditioning / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria; D018533:Biomass; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002708:Chlorella / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018511:Systems Integration; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide