title: Terrestrial approaches to integration of waste treatment.
abstract: Solar energy driven physical, chemical and biological recycling of nutrients is the characteristic of the Earth-Sun system which permits life on earth to continue.  Natural recycle of nutrients on Earth may literally require thousands or even millions of years to be complete, but for modern civilization to continue on Earth or in space, mankind must take charge of, and accelerate, the recycle of all essentials of life.  In this paper we describe studies of two accelerated recycle systems; a solar powered energy system and an integrated feed lot.  Both systems require special infrastructures permitting the accelerated physical, chemical and biological processing to occur.  These systems do not integrate respiratory carbon dioxide as must be done in a complete closed ecological life support system (CELSS).  The Algatron, a more complete system involving microalgal bacterial waste treatment with water, oxygen and carbon dioxide recycle was designed for use in Space Stations over 20 years ago.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Oswald
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004867:Equipment Design; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000254:growth & development*; D005526:Food, Formulated; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D010100:Oxygen; D018531:Spacecraft; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen