title: Microgravity effects on Drosophila melanogaster development and aging:  comparative analysis of the results of the Fly experiment in the Biokosmos 9 biosatellite flight.
abstract: The results are presented of the exposure of Drosophila melanogaster to microgravity conditions during a 15-day biosatellite flight, Biokosmos 9, in a joint ESA-URSS project.  The experimental containers were loaded before launch with a set of Drosophila melanogaster Oregon R larvae so that imagoes were due to emerge half-way through the flight.  A large number of normally developed larvae were recovered from the space-flown containers.  These larvae were able to develop into normal adults confirming earlier results that Drosophila melanogaster of a wild-type constitution can develop normally in the absence of gravity.  However, microgravity exposure clearly enhances the number of growing embryos laid by the flies and possibly slows down the developmental pace of the microgravity-exposed animals.  Due to some problems in the experimental set-up, this slowing down needs to be verified in future experiments.  No live adult that had been exposed to microgravity was recovered from the experiment, so that no life span studies could be carried out, but adult males emerged from the recovered embyros showed a slight shortening in life span and a lower performance in other experimental tests of aging.  This agrees with the results of previous experiments performed by our groups.
authors.affiliation: Department Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Jurado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calleja
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garesse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maroto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Holgado
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Juan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miquel
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D004867:Equipment Design; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013026:Space Flight; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation; D014586:USSR; D014893:Weightlessness