title: Liver segment S2 is consistently located at the dorsal side of S3 but sometimes at the right and/or caudal side of S3.
abstract: After preparing the frontal section including the origin of the left portal trunk at the hilar region, the left anatomical lobes of 111 human livers were dissected to reveal the segmental configuration based on the supplying portal vein branches. S2 was consistently located dorsal to S3. However, in contrast to the description in common textbooks for medical students, 19.8% of the specimens carried a paradoxical segmental configuration showing a "caudal and/or rightward" S2 in combination with a "cranial and/or leftward" S3 in the frontal section through the ventral part of the hilar region. The caudal and rightward cases were associated with a specific arrangement of S2 and S3 segmental stems in which the S3 stem ran relatively upward to spread over S2 or both stems ran almost horizontal, respectively. In routine diagnostic radiology, identification of S2 and S3 might sometimes be biased by the generally accepted notion that S2 should be located at the dorsal, cranial and left side of S3.
authors.affiliation: Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 17, Chuoh-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556 Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakiguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply*; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000033:anatomy & histology*