title: Germination and growth of wheat in simulated Martian atmospheres.
abstract: One design for a manned Mars base incorporates a bioregenerative life support system based upon growing higher plants at a low atmospheric pressure in a greenhouse on the Martian surface.  To determine the concept's feasibility, the germination and initial growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) was evaluated at low atmospheric pressures in simulated Martian atmosphere (SMA) and in SMA supplemented with oxygen.  Total atmospheric pressures ranged from 10 to 1013 mb.  No seeds germinated in pure SMA, regardless of atmospheric pressure.  In SMA plus oxygen at 60 mb total pressure, germination and growth occurred but were lower than in the Earth atmosphere controls.
authors.affiliation: Lockheed Missiles & Space Co., Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3504.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Schwartzkopf
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mancinelli
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018535:Mars; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen