title: Functional nucleotide receptor expression and sarcoplasmic reticulum morphology in dedifferentiated porcine coronary smooth muscle cells.
abstract: The phenotypic dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is an early event associated with cell culturing and vascular injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the SMC phenotype underlying the functional responsiveness of SMCs to nucleotides in organ culture. Porcine coronary arteries were either used fresh, cold stored (5 degrees C) 4 days, or organ cultured (37 degrees C) 4 days. Fura-2 digital imaging of single SMCs was used to measure the myoplasmic calcium (Ca(m)) response to 10 microM of the following nucleotide receptor agonists: UTP, UDP, ATP, ADP, and 2-MeSATP. In contrast to the nucleotides UDP, ATP, ADP, and 2-MeSATP, the Ca(m) response increased 10-fold and the number of cells that responded to UTP increased 5-fold in SMCs from organ culture compared to SMCs from fresh or cold-stored arteries. Simultaneous imaging of Ca(m), DNA content, and SR distribution in SMCs from organ culture indicated that the UTP-induced Ca(m) increase occurred exclusively in SMCs that had a dedifferentiated cell phenotype. Three-dimensional image reconstruction of the nucleus and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) revealed a novel transnuclear SR distribution that intertwined with the nucleus in fresh SMCs, while in SMCs from organ culture the SR was predominantly perinuclear and cytoplasmic. This study demonstrates that the functional up-regulation of UTP-sensitive receptors and the disappearance of the transnuclear SR distribution are novel features of dedifferentiated coronary SMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Miss 65211, USA.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Wamhoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sturek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002232:Carbocyanines; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007211:Indoles; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D058472:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013552:Swine; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D009711:Nucleotides; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058472:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1; D002110:Caffeine; C007293:DAPI; C007392:3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D004247:DNA; D002118:Calcium; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate