title: Prevalence of chronic bronchitis and chronic respiratory symptoms in adults over the age of 35 years in Isfahan, Iran in 1998.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD) in older patients is reported to be not only common, but also frequently overlooked and untreated by general practitioners. Chronic bronchitis is one of the major components of COPD and can be readily screened. This study investigates the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and related symptoms in Iran with special reference to COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 4636 participants aged 35 years and over, attended a research clinic for interview and physical examinations. Those reporting classic symptoms of chronic bronchitis were referred to a pulmonary clinic for pulmonary function testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and sixteen patients (4.65%) had chronic bronchitis. Among these, 78 (36.1%) had obstructive airways disease. Decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity to levels of less than 70% were recorded in 45 patients (42.9% of the tested population). Less than 25% of the patients had a previous diagnosis of chronic bronchitis and/or airways disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obstructive airway diseases are under-diagnosed in developing countries. Physicians practising in such areas of the world should be aware, and try to detect the subclinical illnesses, especially in urban areas.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, St. Zahra Medical Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. golshan@medscape.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golshan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barahimi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasirian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests