title: Slope variations on the surface of Phobos.
abstract: It has been suggested that slope fluctuations on the scale of pixel dimensions could be determined by statistical photoclinometry.  A closer study of the surface of Phobos reveals variations in the scattering properties of single particles and micro-structures formed by the particles.  In the present context, the photoclinometric method of brightness moments is extended to account for these variations by allowing statistical fluctuations in the phase function of the assumed Lommel-Seeliger scattering law.  The mean slope on the investigated regions of Phobos has been found to vary from approximately 12 degrees on a 61m scale to approximately 7 degrees on a 216-272m scale.  On the same scales, a value of the order of 2% has been obtained for the standard deviation of the scattering phase function.  Hints of a fractal-like scale-invariance have been noticed in the covariance function of brightness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muinonen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lumme
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Irvine
mesh_terms: D001256:Astronomy / Q000379:methods; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D017709:Fractals; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D018535:Mars; D008433:Mathematics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013499:Surface Properties