Salivary albumin, total protein, IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations and occurrence of some periodontopathogens in HIV-infected patients: a 2-year follow-up study.
HIV infection reduces oral defensive mechanisms and may affect mucosal integrity. Differences in salivary protein concentrations and periodontopathogenic bacteria were studied in 56 HIV-infected patients with respect to their disease phase. Thirty-three patients were followed up for 2 years. Fifty-three healthy subjects of corresponding age and sex were studied as controls. At baseline, salivary albumin, total protein, IgA, and IgM levels were significantly higher (P<0.05-0.0001) in all phases of HIV infection, except the asymptomatic (ASX) phase, when compared with the control group. IgG levels were significantly increased in all phases except the ASX phase (P<0.05). After 2 years, salivary total protein, IgG, and IgM levels were still higher (P<0.05-0.005) in all HIV phases when compared with the control group (P<0.05-0.005). The albumin level was significantly higher in the ASX phase (P<0.005) and in the AIDS-related complex phase (ARC) (P<0.05), while the increase in IgA level was significant only in the ARC phase (P<0.005). Periodontopathogenic bacteria analyzed by PCR were detected both in the patients and the non-infected, but a statistically significant difference in the carriage percentage between the follow-up lymphadenopathy syndrome phase (LAS) and the control group was found only in Porphyromonas gingivalis (P<0.05) and Bacteroides forsythus (P< 0.0001). Thus, HIV infection appeared to cause a significant increase in the studied salivary proteins, suggesting leakage of serum components into the mouth.
Mellanen
L
L
Institute of Dentistry Research Laboratory, PO Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), FIN-0014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. liisa.mellanen@helsinki.fi
Sorsa
T
T
Lähdevirta
J
J
Helenius
M
M
Kari
K
K
Meurman
J H
JH
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000418:Albumins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000302:isolation & purification
D000418:Albumins; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides