title: Bright light and LEET effects on circadian rhythms, sleep and cognitive performance.
abstract: Shift work and jet lag can disrupt cicadian rhythms, with detrimetnal effects on alertness, performance and sleep.  This study examined the effects of two interventions to adapt circadian rhythms, sleep and performance to a 10-h phase delay of the work-rest cycle.  Bright light was administered from 2200 to 0200 each night to promote phase delay of circadian rhythms.  Low energy emission therapy (LEET) was administered for 20 min prior to daytime sleep periods to promote sleep.  Twelve subjects received bright light, 12 subjects received LEET, 11 received both interventions and 10 control subjects received only placebo treatments.  Bright light accelerated phase delay of the circadian melatonin rhythms after the work-rest schedule shift.  Further, subjects who received bright light had greater total sleep time (TST) and improved sleep continuity. LEET treatment produced a trend (p = 0.16) for increased TST, but LEET did not affect the melatonin circadian rhythm.  After the schedule shift, cognitive performance measures showed few significant differences.  Some minor improvements in cognitive performance were producced by light treatments but not by LEET.
authors.affiliation: tamsin@vax309.nhrc.navy.mil
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kripke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hayduk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ryman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pasche
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbault
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D010789:Phototherapy; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance
chemical_list: C054513:6-sulfatoxymelatonin; D008550:Melatonin