title: Non-ionising electromagnetic environments on manned spacecraft.
abstract: Future space travellers and settlers will be exposed to a variety of electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Extrinsic sources will include solar and stellar fluxes, planetary fluxes, and supernovae. Intrinsic sources may include fusion and ion engines, EMFs from electrical equipment, radar, lighting, superconduction energy storage systems, magnetic bearings on gyroscopic control and orientation systems, and magnetic rail microprobe launch systems. Communication sources may include radio and microwave frequencies, and laser generating systems. Magnetic fields may also be used for deflection of radiation. There is also a loss of the normal Geomagnetic field (GMF) which includes static, alternating, and time-varying components. This paper reviews exposure limits and the biological effects of EMFs, and evidence for an electromagnetic sense organ and a relationship between man and the Geomagnetic field.
authors.affiliation: Gloucester.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008280:Magnetics; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D008872:Microwaves; D011830:Radiation Effects; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000592:standards*; D011840:Radiation, Nonionizing; D011846:Radio Waves; D013026:Space Flight; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000592:standards*