Analyses of exobiological and potential resource materials in the Martian soil.
Potential Martian soil components relevant to exobiology include water, organic matter, evaporites, clays, and oxides.  These materials are also resources for human expeditions to Mars.  When found in particular combinations, some of these materials constitute diagnostic paleobiomarker suites, allowing insight to be gained into the probability of life originating on Mars.  Critically important to exobiology is the method of data analysis and data interpretation.  To that end we are investigating methods of analysis of potential biomarker and paleobiomarker compounds and resource materials in soils and rocks pertinent to Martian geology.  Differential thermal analysis coupled with gas chromatography is shown to be a highly useful analytical technique for detecting this wide and complex variety of materials.
Mancinelli
R L
RL
Solar System Exploration Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
Marshall
J R
JR
White
M R
MR
D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D018559:Exobiology; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D018535:Mars; D010087:Oxides; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water
D010087:Oxides; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water