title: Ground-based simulations of cosmic ray heavy ion interactions in spacecraft and planetary habitat shielding materials.
abstract: This paper surveys some recent accelerator-based measurements of the nuclear fragmentation of high energy nuclei in shielding and tissue-equivalent materials. These data are needed to make accurate predictions of the radiation field produced at depth in spacecraft and planetary habitat shielding materials and in the human body by heavy charged particles in the galactic cosmic radiation. Projectile-target combinations include 1 GeV/nucleon 56Fe incident on aluminum and graphite and 600 MeV/nucleon 56Fe and 290 MeV/nucleon 12C on polyethylene. We present examples of the dependence of fragmentation on material type and thickness, of a comparison between data and a fragmentation model, and of multiple fragments produced along the beam axis.
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeitlin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heilbronn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Borak
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rademacher
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schimmerling
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stronach
mesh_terms: D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D020450:Heavy Ions; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017356:Synchrotrons