title: Abiotic synthesis of organic compounds under the conditions of submarine hydrothermal systems:  a perspective.
abstract: Deep-sea hydrothermal systems have been proposed to be likely environments for chemical evolution and the origin of life on Earth.  Recently, experiments have, therefore, been carried out in order to test the hypothesis that amino acids can be synthesized under conditions representing hydrothermally altered oceanic crust.  The variety of amino acids that have been detected in such experiments corresponds roughly to that reported previously for electric sparking in reducing gas mixtures.  The relative yields of the protein amino acids detected are significantly higher than in electric spark discharge experiments, and the overall yields are about an order of magnitude higher.  The amino acids are all racemic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Stockholm University, Sweden.
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D001105:Archaea; D001272:Atmosphere; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D018534:Earth, Planet; D018559:Exobiology; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D019110:Meteoroids; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D000069497:Origin of Life; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012623:Seawater
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids