title: Long term effects of low doses of 56Fe ions on the brain and retina of the mouse:  ultrastructural and behavioral studies.
abstract: Eight month old male C57BL6 mice were exposed without anesthesia to whole-body irradiation in circular holders.  The mice were tested for behavioral decrements after 0.5 and 50 rads of Fe particle irradiation at 6 and 12 months post irradiation to obtain long term results.  A standard maze was used and the animals were timed for completion thereof.  A string test also was administered to the mice, testing their ability to grasp and move along a string to safety.  The results from animals exposed to 50 rads were significantly different from [correction of fron] control results to p = < .001 in both systems of testing.  The hippocampus (believed to be the location of environmental interaction in the brain) and the retina were examined for ultrastructural changes.  The ultrastructural changes were similar to those we found in our Cosmos 782, 936 and in our Argon experiments.  The mouse data indicate that iron particles were able to induce long term changes in the central nervous system which lead to behavioral impairment.
authors.affiliation: NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Philpott
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miquel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D016923:Cell Death; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007477:Ions; D007501:Iron / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental; D012160:Retina / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013026:Space Flight; D013997:Time Factors; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D007501:Iron