title: The effects of restraint stress on the neuropathogenesis of Theiler's virus infection: I. Acute disease.
abstract: Restraint stress was found to have a profound effect on the acute phase of Theiler's virus infection. Increased mortality rates were observed in restrained CBA mice infected with the BeAn strain of Theiler's virus. In addition, restrained mice developed higher CNS viral titers than infected/nonrestrained mice. Thymic atrophy was observed in both infected and uninfected restrained mice. Decreased microgliosis, perivascular cuffing, and astrocytosis were observed in restrained mice compared to nonrestrained infected mice at 7 days postinfection. Restraint-stressed mice also developed decreased numbers of lymphocytes and increased numbers of neutrophils in the blood. The mechanism proposed for these alterations involves stress-induced corticosterone, which causes immunosuppression, decreased trafficking of inflammatory cells in the CNS, and, consequently, increased viral replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Meagher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sieve
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Storts
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Welsh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D018188:Cardiovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D017945:Theilovirus; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003345:Corticosterone