title: Tissue culture in microgravity.
abstract: Attempts to simulate normal tissue microenvironments in vitro have been thwarted by the complexity and plasticity of the extracellular matrix, which is important in regulating cytoskeletal and nuclear matrix proteins. Gravity is one of the problems, tending to separate components that should be kept together. For space shuttle experiments, NASA engineers devised a double-walled rotating bioreactor, which is proving to be a useful tissue culture device on earth as well as in space.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Duray
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hatfill
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Pellis
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018581:Technology Transfer; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; D014893:Weightlessness