title: Modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in endocrine-resistant, oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
abstract: There is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating that growth factor networks are highly interactive with oestrogen receptor (ER) signalling in the control of breast cancer growth. As such, tumour responses to anti- hormones are likely to be a composite of the ER and growth factor inhibitory activity of these agents. The current article examines the modulation of growth factor networks during endocrine response, and presents in vitro and clinical evidence that epidermal growth factor receptor signalling, maintained in either an ER-dependent or -independent manner, is critical to anti- hormonal-resistant breast cancer cell growth. The considerable potential of the epidermal growth factor receptor-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ZD 1839 (Iressa; AstraZeneca) to efficiently treat, and perhaps even prevent, endocrine-resistant breast cancer is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff, UK. nicholsonri@cardiff.ac.uk
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Knowlden
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: McClelland
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Wakeling
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen