title: Abulia and cognitive impairment in two patients with capsular genu infarct.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An internal capsule genu infarct has been rarely reported to cause cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. This clinical picture can be explained on anatomical and functional basis because important subcortical-cortical pathways traverse the internal capsule genu. We report 2 previously non-demented patients who developed acute confusional state, abulia, and moderate cognitive decline after the occurrence of an infarct in the capsular genu.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, neuropsychological, and MRI evaluation at baseline and 12-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abulia and cognitive impairment were still present 1 year after stroke. In 1 patient there were associated multiple lacunar infarcts and leukoaraiosis. In the other an old small left frontal infarct was also present. In both moderate cortical atrophy co-existed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hypothesize that co-existing lesions, possibly associated with a sub-clinical reduction of cognitive functions, facilitate the development of a persistent clinically evident mental deficit after the occurrence of an infarct in the capsular genu.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy. pantoni@neuro.unifi.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pantoni
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Basile
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romanelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piccini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nencini
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inzitari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003221:Confusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D015161:Dementia, Multi-Infarct / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004401:Dysarthria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D020772:Internal Capsule / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009155:Mutism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed