Evaluation of cerebral stresses under acceleration taking into account the lateral ventricles.
In certain flight configurations, fighter pilots are exposed to high Gz acceleration that may induce inflight loss of consciousness (LOC). That LOC is usually preceded by visual prodromes as greyout and blackout. The pathophysiological cause of these phenomena is used to be related to the effects of accelerations on the vascular system (Burton, 1988; Whinnery, 1990). However technological advances have created aircraft generating high accelerations with rapid onset rates (1-6 Gs-1). The symptomatology of inflight LOC has changed and prodromes no longer appear. Pilots also reported a lacunar amnesia of the LOC. In order to evaluate the potentially adverse effect of acceleration on the brain tissue, it was important to study its mechanical behavior under hypergravity. An approximation of the cerebral stresses was obtained by coupling an 'ex vivo' experiment (Guillaume et al., 1997) with a numerical simulation. Firstly, the calculations have been realized considering the brain as homogeneous. Secondly, the cerebral ventricles have been individualized. The results of these two approaches were compared.
Guillaume
A
A
IMASSA, Bretigny sur Orge, France.
Osmont
D
D
Vartanian
A
A
Gaffie
D
D
Chastres
V
V
Sarron
J C
JC
Quandieu
P
P
D000054:Acceleration; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003654:Deceleration; D006801:Humans; D018471:Hypergravity; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000502:physiology*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014474:Unconsciousness / Q000209:etiology*