title: Reference values for lead and cadmium in blood of Czech population.
abstract: This study aimed at determining blood concentrations of lead (B-Pb) and cadmium (B-Cd) in a group of 1215 healthy blood donors (895 males, 320 females) and 758 children (397 boys, 361 girls) aged 10 years, sampled in 1996-1998 in four districts of the Czech Republic. The analysis was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. The median B-Pb values were lower in children (34 mg/L) than in adults. In the group of adults, the level was significantly higher in men (46 mg/L) than in women (29 mg/L). In none of the groups the 90th percentile exceeded the value of 100 mg/L. The B-Cd values in adults depended on smoking habit (median non-smokers: 0.5 mg/L, male smokers--1.2 mg/L, female smokers--1.0 mg/L). In children, more than 50% of values were under the limit of detection. The obtained values were used to propose reference values for the Czech population.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Center of Environmental Health, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerná
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spevácková
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cejchanová
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smíd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002104:Cadmium / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D018153:Czech Republic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead