title: Microgravity generated by space flight has little effect on the growth and development of chick embryonic bone.
abstract: Seven days' space flight of fertilized chicken eggs pre- incubated for 7 and 10 days on earth caused no differences in the morphology of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes of humerus and tibia from those of control embryos. Bone-resorbing and -forming activities of the femur were not different between control and flight groups. As a consequence, calcium and phosphorus contents of the femora between control and flight groups were not changed. Alkaline phosphatase activity of 3 different regions (resting cartilage, growth cartilage, and cortical bone) of tibia showed no significant difference between control and flight groups. No significant difference of gene expressions of hepatocyte growth factor and receptors of fibroblast growth factor was observed in perichondrium, trabecula, and skeletal muscles and tendons of hind limbs between control and flight groups. Unlike the results of previous space flight experiments in which young growing mammals were used, these morphological and biochemical results indicate that microgravity has little effect on bone metabolism of the chick embryo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Chemistry, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokose
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshiki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005269:Femur; D015870:Gene Expression; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D006811:Humerus; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009929:Organ Size; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D013026:Space Flight; D013977:Tibia; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D010758:Phosphorus; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium