title: Long clinostation influence on the localization of free and weakly bound calcium in cell walls of Funaria hygrometrica moss protonema cells.
abstract: The pyroantimonate method was used to study the localization of free and weakly bound calcium in cells of moss protonema of Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. cultivated on a clinostat (2rev/min).  Electroncytochemical study of control cells cultivated at 1 g revealed that granular precipitate marked chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lipid drops, nucleoplasma, nucleolus, nucleus membranes, cell walls and endoplasmic reticulum.  In mitochondria the precipitate was revealed in stroma, in chloroplast it was found on thylakoids and envelope membranes.  The cultivation of protonema on clinostat led to the intensification in cytochemical reaction product deposit.  A considerable intensification of the reaction was noted in endomembranes, vacuoles, periplasmic space and cell walls.  At the same time analysis of pectinase localization was made using the electroncytochemical method.  A high reaction intensity in walls in comparison to that in control was found out to be a distinctive peculiarity of the cells cultivated on clinostat.  It testifies to the fact that increasing of free calcium concentrations under conditions of clinostation is connected with pectinic substances hydrolysis and breaking of methoxy groups of pectins.  Data obtained are discussed in relation to problems of possible mechanisms of disturbance in calcium balance of plant cells and the role of cell walls in gomeostasis of cell grown under conditions of simulated weightlessness.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, Academy of Science of Ukrainian SSR, Kiev, USSR.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nedukha
mesh_terms: D019068:Bryopsida / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006112:Gravitation; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015388:Organelles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010368:Pectins / Q000032:analysis; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D012399:Rotation; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation
chemical_list: D010368:Pectins; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002118:Calcium