title: Incidence of erectile dysfunction in Italian men with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined the incidence of erectile dysfunction in Italian men with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We estimated the incidence of erectile dysfunction, defined as failure to achieve and maintain erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance, after 2.8 years of followup in 1,010 men enrolled for a prevalence study of erectile dysfunction in diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,010 men 192 (19%) complained of erectile dysfunction. The crude incidence rate of erectile dysfunction was 68 cases per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval 59 to 77). The incidence of erectile dysfunction increased with increasing age (10-fold higher for ages 70 to 79 than for 19 to 29 years), duration of diabetes (1.6-fold higher a history of 11 years or greater than for less than 5) and deteriorating metabolic control (1.7-fold higher for hemoglobin A1c greater than 9% than less than 7.5%). Moreover, it was higher in type 2 than in type 1 diabetes (74 versus 45 cases per 1,000 person-years). The relative risk was 1.75, 2.02, 1.97, 1.16, 1.86, 3.79 and 1.52 for associated obliterative arterial disease of the lower legs, ischemic heart disease, renal disease, autonomic neuropathy, sensitive and motor neuropathy, diabetic foot and retinal disease, respectively. Of the characteristics at study enrollment patient age, duration of diabetes, renal disease and hypertension were multivariate predictors of the erectile dysfunction 2.8 years later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of erectile dysfunction in Italian men with diabetes at a mean followup of 2.8 years was 68 cases per 1,000 person-years, more than 2-fold that in the Massachusetts Male Aging Study of the general population. The knowledge of this incidence should promote specific preventive and therapeutic interventions for erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fedele
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coscelli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cucinotta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Santeusanio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viaggi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fiori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Velonà
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavezzari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis