title: Omapatrilat in subtotal nephrectomy-salt hypertension: role of calcitonin gene-related peptide.
abstract: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilator neuropeptide, plays a counterregulatory role in subtotal nephrectomy-salt (SN-salt)-induced hypertension, reflecting a stimulation of the efferent vasodilator function of perivascular sensory nerves. To determine the effect of omapatrilat, a dual ACE and neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, on blood pressure and the potential antihypertensive role for CGRP, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into 4 groups: (1) SN-salt, (2) SN-salt plus omapatrilat (80 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) in the drinking water), (3) sham-operated plus salt, (4) sham-operated plus salt and omapatrilat. After 11 days the mean arterial pressure was higher in the SN-salt group (174+/-10 mm Hg) versus the sham-operated-salt (109+/-4 mm Hg) and sham-operated-salt plus omapatrilat (105+/-3 mm Hg) groups. Omapatrilat treatment of the SN-salt rats significantly decreased the mean arterial pressure to 123+/-7 mm Hg and significantly reduced the heart-to-body weight ratio. Intravenous administration of a specific CGRP receptor antagonist produced a significant 10+/-2 mm Hg mean arterial pressure increase in the untreated SN-salt hypertensive rats but was without effect in the other groups. This indicates that CGRP does not contribute to the antihypertensive actions of omapatrilat. In addition, CGRP mRNA and protein content in dorsal root ganglia were decreased approximately 25% in the SN-salt plus omapatrilat rats. Thus, omapatrilat not only markedly reduces the blood pressure in this model of renal failure-induced hypertension but may also prevent the abnormal compensatory stimulation of the vasodilator activity of the peripheral sensory nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. scott.supowit@ht.msu.edu
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Supowit
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: DiPette
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D013841:Thiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D013841:Thiazepines; C058636:calcitonin gene-related peptide (8-37); C106266:omapatrilat; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide