title: Neutron fluences and dose equivalents measured with passive detectors on LDEF.
abstract: Neutron fluences were measured on LDEF in the low energy (< 1 MeV) and high energy (> 1 MeV) ranges. The low energy detectors used the 6Li(n,alpha)T reaction with Gd foil absorbers to separate thermal (< 0.2 eV) and resonance (0.2 eV-1 MeV) neutron response. High energy detectors contained sets of fission foils (181Ta, 209Bi, 232Th, 238U) with different neutron energy thresholds. The measured neutron fluences together with predicted spectral shapes were used to estimate neutron dose equivalents. The detectors were located in the A0015 and P0006 experiments at the west and Earth sides of LDEF under shielding varying from 1 to 19 g/cm2. Dose equivalent rates varied from 0.8 to 3.3 microSv/d for the low energy neutrons and from 160 to 390 microSv/d for the high energy neutrons. This compares with TLD measured absorbed dose rates in the range of 1000-3000 microGy/d near these locations and demonstrates that high energy neutrons contribute a significant fraction of the total dose equivalent in LEO. Comparisons between measurements and calculations were made for high energy neutrons based on fission fragment tracks generated by fission foils at different shielding depths. A simple 1-D slab geometry was used in the calculations. Agreement between measurements and calculations depended on both shielding depth and threshold energy of the fission foils. Differences increased as both shielding and threshold energy increased. The modeled proton/neutron spectra appeared deficient at high energies. A 3-D model of the experiments is needed to help resolve the differences.
authors.affiliation: Physics Research Laboratory, University of San Francisco, CA 94117-1080, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Benton
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Colborn
mesh_terms: D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005459:Fluorides; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D009502:Neutrons; D011522:Protons; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011874:Radiometry; D013026:Space Flight; D018531:Spacecraft
chemical_list: D018020:Lithium Compounds; D011522:Protons; C027651:lithium fluoride; D005459:Fluorides