title: Membrane localization is not required for Mpl function in normal hematopoietic cells.
abstract: Cellular trafficking of growth factor receptors, including cross-talk among receptors at the cell surface, may be important for signal transduction in normal hematopoietic cells. To test this idea, the signaling domain of Mpl (the thrombopoietin receptor) was targeted to the plasma membrane, or to the cytoplasm of murine marrow cells, and the ability of the cells to proliferate and differentiate in response to Mpl dimerized at the plasma membrane or free in the cytoplasm was assessed. Constructs encoding the signaling domain of Mpl linked to an FK506 binding protein domain (to permit dimerization by the membrane-permeable ligand AP20187) with or without a myristylation sequence (to target the receptor to the plasma membrane) and a hemagglutinin epitope tag were generated and introduced into murine marrow cells using a murine stem cell virus (MSCV)-based retroviral vector. Both populations of transduced marrow cells proliferated in Iscoves modified Dulbecco medium-10% FCS-100 nM AP20187 without exogenous growth factors for more than 100 days and achieved greater than a 10(7)-fold expansion of cells by day 50 (n = 4 transductions). Growth was dimerizer dependent, and myeloid, erythroid, and megakaryocytic progenitors were generated. Activation of Mpl either at the plasma membrane or in the cytoplasm allowed for the terminal maturation of transduced progenitor cells. Introduction of membrane-targeted or cytoplasmic Mpl into fetal liver cells from homozygous JAK2 knock-out mice or wild-type littermates demonstrated that both forms of Mpl require JAK2 for signaling. These data show that the activation of Mpl independent of its normal plasma membrane location can support production of the full range of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle WA , USA.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Broudy
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parganas
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Luthi
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Drachman
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ihle
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Blau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D019281:Dimerization; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008894:Milk Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D021381:Protein Transport; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; C082218:MPL protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; C507926:Jak2 protein, mouse; D053614:Janus Kinase 2