title: Development of a three-dimensional imaging system for analysis of facial change.
abstract: The objective of this report is to present facial changes produced by the Twin Block appliance in three-dimensional visual and numerical formats. Using a C3D system, stereophotogrammetric records were made of two children with Class II division 1 malocclusions prescribed treatment with a Twin Block appliance. Three-dimensional images of their faces were captured. Comparison of specified regions of the three-dimensional images was made using landmark identification and superimpositions. In addition to obvious visual evidence, numerical data in the form of surface area measurements were also generated. The three-dimensional, C3D, system, provides a flexible imaging tool which should become increasingly useful as more improvements are made.
authors.affiliation: Child Dental Health/Orthodontics Department, University of the West Indies School of Dentistry, West Indies; Orthodontic Unit, University of Glasgow Dental School, Scotland; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Glasgow Dental School, Scotland.
authors.forename: C.O.
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Bourne
authors.forename: W.J.S.
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: A.F.
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ayoub