title: Comparison of early plasma RNA loads in different macaque species and the impact of different routes of exposure on SIV/SHIV infection.
abstract: Various simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)sm/mac and simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) strains are used in different macaque species to study AIDS pathogenesis, as well as to evaluate candidate vaccine and anti-retroviral drugs efficacy. In this study we investigated the effect of route of infection, species of macaques and nature of virus stock on early plasma viral RNA load. We monitored the plasma RNA concentrations of 63 rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) infected with well-characterised virus stocks administered either by oral, rectal, vaginal or intravenous (i.v.) routes. In SIV(mac)-infected macaques, no significant difference in plasma RNA loads was observed between the rectal, oral and i.v. routes of infection. Cynomolgus macaques developed lower steady state SIV plasma RNA concentrations compared with rhesus macaques and no significant difference was observed between rectal and i.v. routes of infection. In SHIV(89.6p)-infected macaques, no difference between species or between route of infection was observed with this particular chimeric virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: ten Haaft
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Almond
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biberfeld
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cafaro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cranage
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ensoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hunsmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Polyanskaya
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stahl-Hennig
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thortensson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Titti
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heeney
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D002678:Chimera; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000032:analysis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000821:virology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology*; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis*; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic / Q000032:analysis; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; C059580:transmembrane protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus; D012313:RNA