title: The Vacuum-Operated Nutrient Delivery System:  hydroponics for microgravity.
abstract: A nutrient delivery system that may have applicability for growing plants in microgravity is described.  The Vacuum-Operated Nutrient Delivery System (VONDS) draws nutrient solution across roots that are under a partial vacuum at approximately 91 kPa.  Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake 274) plants grown on the VONDS had consistently greater leaf area and higher root, stem, leaf, and pod dry weights than plants grown under nonvacuum control conditions.  This study demonstrates the potential applicability of the VONDS for growing plants in microgravity for space biology experimentation and/or crop production.
authors.affiliation: The Bionetics Corp., Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Dreschel
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Chetirkin
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000254:growth & development*; D018527:Hydroponics; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014618:Vacuum; D014893:Weightlessness