title: Low irradiances affect abscisic acid, indole-3-acidic acid, and cytokinin levels of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tissues.
abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants were grown under four irradiance levels: 1,400, 400, 200, and 100 micromol m-2 s-1. Leaves and roots were sampled before, during, and after the boot stage, and levels of abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin, zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin, dihydrozeatin riboside, isopentenyl adenine, and isopentenyl adenosine were quantified using noncompetitive indirect ELISA systems. Levels of IAA in leaves and roots of plants exposed to 100 micromol m-2 s-1 of irradiance were 0.7 and 2.9 micromol kg-1 dry mass (DM), respectively. These levels were 0.2 and 1.0 micromol kg-1 DM, respectively, when plants were exposed to 1,400 micromol m-2 s-1. Levels of ABA in leaves and roots of plants exposed to 100 micromol m-2 s-1 were 0.65 and 0.55 micromol kg-1 DM, respectively. They were 0.24 micromol kg-1 DM (both leaves and roots) when plants were exposed to 1,400 micromol m-2 s-1. Levels of isopentenyl adenosine in leaves (24.3 nmol kg-1 DM) and roots (29.9 nmol kg-1 DM) were not affected by differences in the irradiance regime. Similar values were obtained in a second experiment. Other cytokinins could not be detected (<10 nmol kg 1 DM) in either experiment with the sample sizes used (150-600 mg DM for roots and shoots, respectively).
authors.affiliation: Plants, Soils & Biometeorology Department, Utah State University, Logan 84322-4820, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Carman
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Salisbury
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D017785:Photons; D017440:Photoperiod; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D003583:Cytokinins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C030737:indoleacetic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid