title: Protein crystal growth in microgravity using a liquid/liquid diffusion method.
abstract: Crystallization of proteins by liquid liquid diffusion method was performed in microgravity using the MDA Minilab aboard the US Space Shuttle.  Three proteins, namely lysozyme, trichosanthin, and a new lechin, were crystallized in the space experiment.  In contrast to the results of space experiments with a tube-like vapor diffusion method, the crystallization conditions for growing better crystals in space are remarkably different from the conditions optimized on earth.  This may be due to difficulties in ground optimization, which are caused by gravity-dependent phenomena, in particular the specific convective flow occurring with liquid liquid diffusion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bi
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D018481:Convection; D003460:Crystallization; D003461:Crystallography / Q000379:methods; D004058:Diffusion; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013026:Space Flight; D015978:Trichosanthin / Q000737:chemistry; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D015978:Trichosanthin; D009113:Muramidase