title: Mitochondrial DNA variation and biogeography of eastern gorillas.
abstract: Mitochondrial DNA variation in 109 individuals from four populations of wild living gorillas in East Africa was ascertained by sequencing the first hypervariable segment of the control region, or 'd-loop', amplified from noninvasively collected hair and faeces. D-loop haplotypes from eastern gorillas fell into two distinct clades, each with low levels of genetic diversity; most observed haplotypes within each clade differing by only one or two mutations. Both clades show evidence of population bottlenecks in the recent past, perhaps concomitant with the tropical forest reduction and fragmentation brought on by global cooling and drying associated with the last glacial maximum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208277, New Haven, CT 06520-8277, USA.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Jensen-Seaman
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kidd
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006071:Gorilla gorilla / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial