title: Immunocytochemical characterization of viruses and antigenic macromolecules in viral vaccines.
abstract: Gold immunolabeling combined with negative staining (GINS) provides a valuable immunocytochemical approach that allows a direct ultrastructural definition of all viral vaccine constituents that share common antigenic features with pathogenic viral particles. These results have implications for the development of viral vaccines since it has been demonstrated that incomplete viral particles such as natural empty capsides and Rotavirus-like particles lacking the infective genome are potential candidates for the production of neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore comparative results of the application of GINS to either inactivated vaccines or unfixed samples provide direct evidence that even after inactivation specific antigenic sites are still available for gold immunolabeling.
authors.affiliation: Poliomyelitis Vaccine Research and Production Center (POLIOVAC), Hanoi, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dunia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Benedetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology; D006224:Cricetinae; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000276:immunology*; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines; D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines