title: Oxygen budget of a perennially ice-covered Antarctic lake.
abstract: A bulk O2 budget for Lake Hoare, Antarctica, is presented.  Five years of seasonal data show the lake to be persistently supersaturated with O2. Oxygen is carried into the lake in glacial meltstreams and is left behind when this water is removed as ice by ablation and sublimation.  A diffusive loss of O2 from the lake through the summer moat is suggested.  Measured values of the total O2 in the water column indicate that the time scale of O2 turnover is much longer than a year.  Based on these results we suggest that the amount of O2 in the water does not change significantly throughout the year and that the lake is also supersaturated with N2.
authors.affiliation: Life Science Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wharton
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D000864:Antarctic Regions; D003081:Cold Climate; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D007053:Ice; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D007053:Ice; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen