Prevalence of psychopathology in children of a bipolar parent.
OBJECTIVE
To determine psychopathology in adolescent children of a bipolar parent living in the Netherlands, using multiple sources of information (self-, parent, and teacher reports).


METHODS
Problem behavior in 140 offspring (aged 12-21 years) of 86 bipolar parents was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Teacher's Report Form (TRF), and the Youth Self-Report (YSR) between 1997 and 1999. All adolescents, bipolar parents, and their available spouses were interviewed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL).


RESULTS
Higher problem scores were found for 8 of the 11 CBCL scales for girls and 4 of the 11 CBCL scales for boys, compared with a Dutch normative sample, and 1 Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) scale for girls compared with an American normative sample. Lower problem scores were found on 4 YSR and 4 YASR scales for boys, 1 TRF scale for girls, and 1 TRF scale for boys. The prevalence of current DSM-IV diagnoses in the offspring was 29% and of life-time DSM-IV diagnoses, 44%.


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of problem behavior and DSM-IV diagnoses found in our sample did not support the notion that the level of psychopathology in children aged 12 to 21 years of bipolar parents is highly elevated. This study, similar to prior studies, suffers from lack of information on the representativeness of the sample and a rather low response rate.
Wals
M
M
Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands. wals@psys.azr.nl
Hillegers
M H
MH
Reichart
C G
CG
Ormel
J
J
Nolen
W A
WA
Verhulst
F C
FC
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors