title: Track structure model for damage to mammalian cell cultures during solar proton events.
abstract: Solar proton events (SPEs) occur infrequently and unpredictably, thus representing a potential hazard to interplanetary space missions.  Biological damage from SPEs will be produced principally through secondary electron production in tissue, including important contributions due to delta rays from nuclear reaction products.  We review methods for estimating the biological effectiveness of SPEs using a high energy proton model and the parametric cellular track model.  Results of the model are presented for several of the historically largest flares using typical levels and body shielding.
authors.affiliation: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23665-5225.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Cucinotta
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shinn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D011522:Protons / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D016082:Solar System; D013026:Space Flight
chemical_list: D011522:Protons