title: The identification of gravikinesis from ciliates: methods and experience.
abstract: Recent advances in the gravitational physiology of ciliates are reported: the theoretical and experimental assessment of gravikinesis and sedimentation, calculation of gravikinesis using slopes of observed swimming and sedimentation data under hypergravity, orientational distributions of gravikinesis, central and membrane-associated gravitransduction, and the kinetics of activation and relaxation of gravikinesis.
authors.affiliation: AG Zellulare Erregungsphysiologie, Ruhr-Universitat, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Machemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000502:physiology*; D006112:Gravitation; D018466:Gravity Sensing / Q000502:physiology*; D018471:Hypergravity; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009043:Motor Activity; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D010247:Paramecium / Q000502:physiology*; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels