Mineralization of wastes of human vital activity and plants to be used in a Life Support System.
Available methods for mineralizing wastes of human activity and inedible biomass of plants used in this country and abroad are divided into two types: dry mineralization at high temperatures up to 1270 K with subsequent partial dissolution of the ash and the other--wet oxidation by acids. In this case mineralization is performed at a temperature of 470-460 K and a pressure of 220-270 atmospheres in pure oxygen with the output of mineral solution and dissoluble sediments in the form of scale. The drawback of the first method is the formation of dioxins, CO, SO2, NO2 and other toxic compounds. The latter method is too sophisticated and is presently confined to bench testing. The here proposed method to mineralize the wastes is in mid-position between the thermal and physical chemical methods. At a temperature of 80-90 degrees C the mixture was exposed to a controlled electromagnetic field at normal atmospheric pressure. The method merits simplicity, reliability, produces no dissoluble sediment or emissions noxious for human and plants. The basic difference from the above said methods is to employ as an oxidizer atomic oxygen, its active forms including OH-radicals with hydrogen peroxide as the source. Hydrogen peroxide can be produced with electric power from water inside the Life Support System (LSS).
Kudenko YuA
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Gribovskaya
I V
IV
Pavlenko
R A
RA
D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D004602:Elements; D005243:Feces; D006801:Humans; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010944:Plants; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014556:Urine; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014866:Waste Products
D004602:Elements; D014866:Waste Products