title: Metal response element (MRE)-binding transcription factor-1 (MTF-1): structure, function, and regulation.
abstract: Metal-responsive control of the expression of genes involved in metal metabolism and metal homeostasis allows an organism to tightly regulate the free or bioavailable concentration of beneficial metal ions, such as zinc, copper, and iron, within an acceptable range, while efficiently removing nonbeneficial or toxic metals. Emerging evidence also suggests that metal homeostasis is intimately coupled to the oxidative stress response in many cell types. The expression of genes that encode metallothioneins in all vertebrate cells is strongly induced by potentially toxic concentrations of zinc and cadmium, as well as in response to strong oxidizing agents, including hydrogen peroxide. This induction requires a cis-acting DNA element, termed a metal response element (MRE), and MRE-binding transcription factor-1 (MTF-1), a Cys2-His2 zinc finger protein. This review summarizes recent progress that has been made toward understanding the structure, function, and metalloregulation of mammalian MTF-1.
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Biomolecular Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-2128, USA.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Giedroc
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Apuy
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001682:Biological Availability; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D023741:Takifugu / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D000097809:Transcription Factor MTF-1
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008668:Metallothionein; D008670:Metals; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015032:Zinc; D000097809:Transcription Factor MTF-1