title: Emergence of rifampin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae as a result of antimicrobial therapy for penicillin-resistant strains.
abstract: A multidrug-resistant strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in The Netherlands during a nosocomial outbreak among 36 patients who mainly had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After the commencement of barrier nursing and short-term ceftriaxone-rifampin eradication therapy, the epidemic ceased. However, eradication therapy failed in 3 patients, and follow-up investigation of these patients showed the emergence of rifampin-resistant isolates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: van Tilburg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bogaert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sluijter
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jansz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Hermans
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit; D012293:Rifampin