title: Protective effects of lactic acid on force production in rat skeletal muscle.
abstract: 1. During strenuous exercise lactic acid accumulates producing a reduction in muscle pH. In addition, exercise causes a loss of muscle K(+) leading to an increased concentration of extracellular K(+) ([K(+)](o)). Individually, reduced pH and increased [K(+)](o) have both been suggested to contribute to muscle fatigue. 2. To study the combined effect of these changes on muscle function, isolated rat soleus muscles were incubated at a [K(+)](o) of 11 mM, which reduced tetanic force by 75 %. Subsequent addition of 20 mM lactic acid led, however, to an almost complete force recovery. A similar recovery was observed if pH was reduced by adding propionic acid or increasing the CO(2) tension. 3. The recovery of force was associated with a recovery of muscle excitability as assessed from compound action potentials. In contrast, acidification had no effect on the membrane potential or the Ca(2+) handling of the muscles. 4. It is concluded that acidification counteracts the depressing effects of elevated [K(+)](o) on muscle excitability and force. Since intense exercise is associated with increased [K(+)](o), this indicates that, in contrast to the often suggested role for acidosis as a cause of muscle fatigue, acidosis may protect against fatigue. Moreover, it suggests that elevated [K(+)](o) is of less importance for fatigue than indicated by previous studies on isolated muscles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Arhus C, Denmark. obn@fi.au.dk
authors.forename: O B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Paoli
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overgaard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium