title: Strategies to minimize immunological and nonimmunological risk factors in the renal transplant population.
abstract: To improve long-term outcome after renal transplantation, attention should be placed on the tailored use of immunosuppressive regimens that have a more favorable impact on the immunological and nonimmunological risk profiles of an individual recipient. Tacrolimus is widely used for maintenance and rejection immunosuppression in solid organ transplantation, and compared with cyclosporine, its use in renal transplantation is associated with a reduced incidence and severity of acute rejection and a more positive effect on known cardiovascular risk factors. Recent experience with tacrolimus-based therapy has demonstrated an improved lipid profile and lower arterial blood pressure, with less requirement for lipid-lowering and antihypertensive medication compared with cyclosporine, without significantly increasing the risk of long-term insulin-dependent posttransplant diabetes mellitus. The advantageous effects of tacrolimus on both immunological and nonimmunological risk factors offer potential benefits for long-term graft function and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0585, USA. firstmr@healthall.com
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: First
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D009820:Ohio; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D016559:Tacrolimus