title: Pindolol potentiation of paroxetine for generalized social phobia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effectiveness of pindolol as an adjunctive treatment to boost response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with generalized social phobia was tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design was used to compare addition of 5 mg of pindolol t.i.d. or placebo for 4 weeks to a steady paroxetine dose. Subjects were 14 patients with generalized social phobia who were less than "very much improved" on the Clinical Global Impression scale after at least 10 weeks of treatment with a maximally tolerated dose of paroxetine. Changes on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Inventory scores were compared across the two crossover periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pindolol was not significantly superior to placebo for augmenting the effects of paroxetine on social anxiety symptoms. None of the 14 subjects was deemed a responder to the pindolol arm of the crossover.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pindolol was no more effective than placebo in augmenting the effects of SSRI treatment for generalized social phobia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0985, USA. mstein@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sareen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hami
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chao
mesh_terms: D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D010869:Pindolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D017374:Paroxetine; D010869:Pindolol