title: Equine West Nile encephalitis, United States.
abstract: After the 1999 outbreak of West Nile (WN) encephalitis in New York horses, a case definition was developed that specified the clinical signs, coupled with laboratory test results, required to classify cases of WN encephalitis in equines as either probable or confirmed. In 2000, 60 horses from seven states met the criteria for a confirmed case. The cumulative experience from clinical observations and diagnostic testing during the 1999 and 2000 outbreaks of WN encephalitis in horses will contribute to further refinement of diagnostic criteria.
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1800 Dayton Ave., Ames, IA 50010-0844, USA. eileen.n.ostlund@aphis.usda.gov
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Ostlund
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Crom
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006736:Horses; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral