title: Drought- and salt-tolerant plants result from overexpression of the AVP1 H+-pump.
abstract: Transgenic plants overexpressing the vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase are much more resistant to high concentrations of NaCl and to water deprivation than the isogenic wild-type strains. These transgenic plants accumulate more Na(+) and K(+) in their leaf tissue than the wild type. Moreover, direct measurements on isolated vacuolar membrane vesicles derived from the AVP1 transgenic plants and from wild type demonstrate that the vesicles from the transgenic plants have enhanced cation uptake. The phenotypes of the AVP1 transgenic plants suggest that increasing the vacuolar proton gradient results in increased solute accumulation and water retention. Presumably, sequestration of cations in the vacuole reduces their toxic effects. Genetically engineered drought- and salt-tolerant plants could provide an avenue to the reclamation of farmlands lost to agriculture because of salinity and a lack of rainfall.
authors.affiliation: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1479, USA. roberto.gaxiola@uconn.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gaxiola
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Undurraga
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Alper
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D010641:Phenotype; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D010957:Plasmids; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D017494:Proton Pumps / Q000235:genetics*; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012996:Solutions; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017494:Proton Pumps; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; D000001:Calcimycin; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D012964:Sodium; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium