title: Hypospadias repair using a modified Foley catheter (hole-end catheter).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a modified Foley catheter for improving the results of hypospadias repair by decreasing the incidence of obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients (age 3 to 21 years) with variable types of hypospadias were treated. Bladder drainage was performed by urethral catheter insertion. The patients were divided equally into two groups of 36 patients each, according to the type of catheter used. In the first group of patients, a Foley catheter was inserted; in the second group, a modified Foley catheter (hole-end catheter) was introduced for urine drainage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients (19.4%) required secondary surgical repair: 8 (22.2%) in the first group and 6 (16.7%) in the second group. The rate of complications was lower in the second group than in the first group (25% and 50%, respectively). In the first group, 4 patients (11.1%) had urethral catheter obstruction: one was relieved by catheter flushing using sterile normal saline and three by suprapubic diversion. In the second group, urine retention was recorded in 2 patients (5.5%) and relieved by saline wash.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hole-end catheter provides better bladder drainage with the ability to easily dislodge precipitations.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Department, Menoufiya University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ghareeb
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Azooz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004322:Drainage; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012086:Reoperation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014524:Urethral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy