title: Variability of genetic alterations in different sites of head and neck cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumors arising from different sites of the head and neck area have different clinical behavior. However, most of the studies on genetic alterations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas do not make a distinction between the sites within this area. The objective of this study is to compare the genetic alterations in three different sites of the head and neck (larynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight laryngeal, 29 oropharyngeal, and 37 hypopharyngeal carcinomas were studied. DNA from tumor and healthy tissue was evaluated for amplification of the oncogenes at 11q13 region (CCND1, FGF3, FGF4 and EMS1) and of the oncogenes MYC and ERBB1; for integration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6b and 16; for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at p53 and NAT2; and for the cellular DNA content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FGF3 and FGF4 showed a significantly higher frequency of amplification in hypopharyngeal tumors (P =.006 and P =.0002, respectively). CCND1 amplification had a nearly statistically significant (P =.072) higher frequency of amplification in hypopharyngeal tumors. Aneuploid tumors were found in a significantly lower proportion in the larynx (P =.03) compared with the other sites. For the other genetic alterations, no significant differences among the three sites were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that cancers originating from different sites in the head and neck may have different tumor biology. Therefore, they should be considered as different entities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Oviedo, Spain. jrodrigo@hcas.insalud.es
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Lazo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coto
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm