title: Children with epilepsy after withdrawal of anticonvulsive therapy: psychiatric behaviour and neuropsychological abilities.
abstract: Do children who remain in remission with epilepsy after withdrawal of anticonvulsive therapy still exhibit a different behaviour and performance-related abilities compared to healthy children? It was the aim of this study to investigate whether these children showed deviating psychiatric behaviour and/or neuropsychological function deficits as compared with a healthy control group and with children following occasional seizures which had never been treated. The study comprised 39 children with epilepsy after withdrawal of anticonvulsive therapy, 37 children with occasional seizures, and 39 matched healthy control children who were tested with regard to psychiatric and neuropsychological criteria. The patients were aged 6-15 years; 28 had a primarily generalised epilepsy, and 11 had a focal epilepsy. The patients remained free from seizures for more than 1 year. Psychiatric testing comprised the Child Behavior Checklist by Achenbach and Edelbrock and the Mannheim Parent Interview. Neuropsychological testing included non-verbal intelligence, visual perception, short-term memory and learning ability, arithmetics, movement coordination and motor skills, fine motor skills and verbal functions. After withdrawal from anticonvulsive therapy, the children with epilepsy did not exhibit any psychiatric disturbances, whereas those with occasional seizures frequently showed behaviour problems. After withdrawal from anticonvulsive therapy, no neuropsychological deficits were found in the children with epilepsy as compared to those with occasional seizures or to healthy children. Risk factors for poorer test results were first seizures occurring before the age of 3 years, delayed development, and neonatal problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with epilepsy who remained without relapse after withdrawal from the anticonvulsive therapy did not show any psychiatric abnormalities and their performance was comparable to that of healthy control children, provided no risk factors were present.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Elisabeth Krankenhaus, Mönchengladbach, Germany. wolfgang.koelfen@ekr.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kölfen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edrich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Formanski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012307:Risk Factors; D012640:Seizures / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D028761:Withholding Treatment
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants