title: Fatal acute myocarditis in an infant with human herpesvirus 6 infection.
abstract: A 5 month old girl had typical clinical features of acute myocarditis just after the febrile period of exanthem subitum and died immediately. She had been healthy, with normal development, and there was no family history of particular note. Myocardial postmortem findings were compatible with acute myocarditis. Although the isolation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was not attempted, positive IgM antibody to HHV-6 was detected in the patient's serum. Moreover, HHV-6 variant B DNA was detected in several tissues, including myocardium, by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In contrast, antibody responses to human herpesvirus 7, another causal agent of exanthem subitum, were not found, and enteroviral RNA was not detected in myocardial tissues by reverse transcription PCR. Apoptotic changes were seen in infiltrating cells within the myocardial tissues by means of the TUNEL method. HHV-6 antigen was not detected in several tissues (including myocardium) by immunohistochemical analysis. In conclusion, HHV-6 may have been the causative agent of fatal acute myocarditis in this infant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan. tetsushi@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ihira
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005077:Exanthema Subitum / Q000821:virology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007223:Infant; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M