title: Do very sick neonates born at term have antenatal risks? 1. Infants ventilated primarily for problems of adaptation to extra-uterine life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  1. Ascertain antenatal and intrapartum risk factors for term neonates ventilated primarily for 'perinatal asphyxia'. 2. Describe the neonatal morbidity and mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based case control cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sydney and four large rural/urban health areas in New South Wales.
  
  
  METHODS
  Singleton term infants, no major congenital anomaly: subset of 83 infants ventilated primarily for 'asphyxia' from 182 cases admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for mechanical ventilation, 550 randomly selected controls. Outcome. Risk factors for case status by maternal, antenatal, labor, delivery, and combined epochs, adjusted odds ratios (OR), 95 per cent confidence intervals (CI), p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Predictors of case status by multivariate epochs: Primigravida (1.8 [1.1, 2.8]), thyroid disease (7.8 [1.1, 57.0]), any antenatal complication (5.1 [3.0, 8.6]), growth restriction (4.2 [1.7, 10.4]), male gender (2.1 [1.3, 3.5]), gestational age >40 weeks (1.9 (1.1, 3.3)), prolonged rupture of membranes (9.7 [1.3, 72.5]), complicated labor (6.6 [3.7, 11.9]), induced labor (2.2 [1.3, 3.9]), prostaglandins 2.46 [1.23, 4.91]), maternal pyrexia (10.8 [2.8, 42.7]), placental hemorrhage in labor (OR 4.24 [1.45, 12.42]), forceps delivery (4.1 [1.9, 8.5]), emergency cesarean section (4.7 [2.6, 8.7]). Twenty case infants (24%) and no control infants died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has shown maternal and antepartum risk factors for severe neonatal morbidity in term infants. More centers need to become interested in the term baby, so that a larger multicenter study can further elucidate the heterogeneous causal pathways to term neonatal morbidity.
authors.affiliation: New South Wales Neonatal Intensive Care Units' Data Collection (NICUS), University of New South Wales, Australia. lee.sutton@perinatal.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Sayer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bajuk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Henderson-Smart
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000328:Adult; D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011295:Prenatal Care; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications*