Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, and apoptosis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondria are produced as by-products of normal oxidative metabolism. The fate of these species is governed by a number of factors that vary from tissue to tissue in mammals and may be involved in the pathogenesis of disease. Reactive oxygen species are also invoked as agents that are important in the processes which become active in cells undergoing apoptosis. Integration of knowledge surrounding these different aspects of ROS generation is difficult and reveals considerable gaps in our understanding.
Raha
S
S
Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Tronto, Ontario, Canada.
Robinson
B H
BH
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000235:genetics; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D005609:Free Radicals; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D010100:Oxygen