title: Dysmorphology in the Bible and the Talmud.
abstract: This article enumerates the congenital anomalies mentioned in the Bible and the Talmud, the two holiest and oldest texts in Judaism. Most of these conditions were described to regulate attributes that would disqualify a Priest from performing religious rituals in the Temple in Jerusalem. However, the cultural atmosphere in Biblical and Talmudical times was one in which physical deformity did not necessarily evoke a negative aesthetic reaction, an assumption of ill health, or the expectation of economic dependence.
authors.affiliation: Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA. dfw@bu.edu
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Wyszynski
mesh_terms: D001633:Bible; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000266:history*; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007599:Judaism / Q000266:history*; D012070:Religion and Science