title: West Nile outbreak in horses in southern France, 2000: the return after 35 years.
abstract: On September 6, 2000, two cases of equine encephalitis caused by West Nile (WN) virus were reported in southern France (Hérault Province), near Camargue National Park, where a WN outbreak occurred in 1962. Through November 30, 76 cases were laboratory confirmed among 131 equines with neurologic disorders. The last confirmed case was on November 3, 2000. All but three cases were located in a region nicknamed "la petite Camargue," which has several large marshes, numerous colonies of migratory and resident birds, and large mosquito populations. No human case has been confirmed among clinically suspected patients, nor have abnormal deaths of birds been reported. A serosurvey has been undertaken in horses in the infected area, and other studies are in progress.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales, Institut Pasteur-25, rue du Dr-Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France. bmurgue@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murgue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zientara
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeller
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance / Q000662:veterinary*; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012367:RNA, Viral