title: [Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease - report of 4 cases and review of the literature].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Crohn's disease can affect all the gastrointestinal tract, but gastroduodenal involvement is rarely seen (0.5 to 13%).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Report clinical, radiological and endoscopic findings and treatment of four patients with gastroduodenal Crohn's disease and review the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four patients (one male of 24 years old three females of 37, 66 and 74 years old) with epigastric pain, weight loss and low grade fever were referred to the University Hospitals of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and Fluminese Federal University. Two had also mild intermittent diarrhea and arthritis/arthralgia and the third developed pyloric obstruction and received surgical treatment. Anemia was observed in only one (the young female). Barium x-ray studies showed aphthous ulcers in stomach and duodenum with distal ileum lesions and deformity in both. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed aphthous ulcers in stomach and geographic duodenal ulcers. Polypoid lesions and serpiginous ulcers within gastric antrum were observed in the young female. Colonoscopy was performed in two patients and disclosed an ulcerated ileitis in one and ulcerated pancolitis in other. Histopathology findings of biopsy specimens were inconclusive (granulomas were not found) and other causes of granulomatous disease were ruled out. Corticosteroids and proton pump inhibitors were started and two patients had their disease controlled. The other patient developed pyloric obstruction and had to be operated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease has distinct clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features. Advances in endoscopic methods and recognition of new histopathologic criteria for diagnosis have revealed an incidence higher than previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Serviços de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. ljabrahao@brfree.com.br
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Abrahão
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Abrahão
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chagas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fogaça
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003113:Colonoscopy; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology