title: Changes in the rate of genotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs in Spain.
abstract: Genotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs was examined in 684 individuals attending 18 outpatient clinics distributed across Spain in June 2000. Compared with similar surveys conducted before 1998, the prevalence of resistance to nucleosides has declined significantly among naive chronic HIV carriers. In contrast, resistance among pre-treated patients has increased; resistance to all three drug families having been recognized in nearly a quarter of patients.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clotet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soriano
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024921:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease