A social learning perspective: a model of parenting styles, self-regulation, perceived drinking control, and alcohol use and problems.
BACKGROUND
This investigation sought to determine how different parenting styles are related to general self-regulatory processes that are linked to alcohol use and abuse. Self-regulation and, more specifically, thoughts of control over drinking are forms of positive self-control mechanisms. Parenting styles are known determinants of both negative and positive self-control mechanisms in offspring. According to social learning theory, stronger relationships between parenting style and self-regulatory processes would be expected from the parent who is the same sex as the respondent.


METHODS
A total of 144 female and 107 male college students currently using alcohol were administered a questionnaire on their alcohol use and problems, perceived style of parenting (authoritarian, permissive, or authoritative) of their parents, self-regulation, and perceived control of drinking. A model linking parenting styles, self-regulatory processes, and control over drinking with alcohol use and alcohol problems was tested across sex groups by using structural equation modeling.


RESULTS
In general, the parenting style of the parent of the same sex as the respondent's was found to be significantly related to self-regulation, which is known to be protective against alcohol use and abuse. A permissive parent of the same sex as the respondent was negatively associated with good self-regulatory processes for both men and women. Having an authoritative mother was also shown to be related to higher levels of self-regulation for women.


CONCLUSIONS
Self-regulation mediated the pathway from a permissive parenting style to perceived drinking control, which, in turn, mediated the pathway from self-regulation to alcohol use and problems. Finally, self-regulation mediated the positive pathway from an authoritative mother to perceived control over drinking for women.
Patock-Peckham
J A
JA
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1104, USA.
Cheong
J
J
Balhorn
M E
ME
Nagoshi
C T
CT
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D001318:Authoritarianism; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D016487:Parenting; D010465:Perception; D010541:Permissiveness; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires