title: Dextroamphetamine for cocaine-dependence treatment: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.
abstract: A properly implemented agonist treatment regimen should improve retention and reduce illicit drug use. Cocaine-dependent subjects (N = 128) were enrolled in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. In the multistage dosing design, subjects initially received placebo (PBO) or 15 to 30 mg of dextroamphetamine sulfate, sustained-release capsules. At week 5, the dose doubled to 30 mg or 60 mg for active groups. Subjects attended the clinic twice a week, provided urine samples, obtained medication, and had one behavioral therapy session a week. Retention was best for the 15- to 30-mg group, whereas the proportion of benzoylecgonine-positive urine screens was, from lowest to highest, 30 to 60 mg, 15 to 30 mg, and PBO at study end. Dosing must be refined. The results provide support for additional examination of the agonist model in psychostimulant-dependence treatment.
authors.affiliation: SubstanceAbuse-Medications Development Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Texas-Houston, Houston 77005, USA. john.grabowski@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rhoades
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stotts
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Daruzska
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Creson
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Moeller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000652:urine; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D003042:Cocaine; D003913:Dextroamphetamine