title: Aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to Bartonella clarridgeiae.
abstract: We report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with Bartonella clarridgeiae in any species. B. clarridgeiae was identified as a possible etiological agent of human cat scratch disease. Infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male neutered boxer. Historically, the dog had been diagnosed with a systolic murmur at 16 months of age and underwent balloon valvuloplasty for severe valvular aortic stenosis. Six months later, the dog was brought to a veterinary hospital with an acute third-degree atrioventricular block and was diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The dog died of cardiopulmonary arrest prior to pacemaker implantation. Necropsy confirmed severe aortic vegetative endocarditis. Blood culture grew a fastidious, gram-negative organism 8 days after being plated. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the isolate, including partial sequencing of the citrate synthase (gltA) and 16S rRNA genes indicated that this organism was B. clarridgeiae. DNA extraction from the deformed aortic valve and the healthy pulmonic valve revealed the presence of B. clarridgeiae DNA only from the diseased valve. No Borrelia burgdorferi or Ehrlichia sp. DNA could be identified. Using indirect immunofluorescence tests, the dog was seropositive for B. clarridgeiae and had antibodies against Ehrlichia phagocytophila but not against Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia ewingii, B. burgdorferi, or Coxiella burnetii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. bbchomel@udavis.edu
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Chomel
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mac Donald
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kasten
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wey
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kittleson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001473:Bartonella / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001474:Bartonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial