title: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. isolated from wastewater and chicken feces in the United States.
abstract: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) were isolated from sewage and chicken feces but not from other animal fecal sources (dog, cow, and pig) or from surface waters tested. VRE from hospital wastewater were resistant to > or =20 microg of vancomycin/ml and possessed the vanA gene. VRE from residential wastewater and chicken feces were resistant to 3 to 5 microg of vancomycin/ml and possessed the vanC gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa 33620, USA. vharwood@chumal.cas.usf.edu
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Harwood
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brownell
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Perusek
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Whitlock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D014481:United States; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012722:Sewage