title: Endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report 4 cases of endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis. This disease is a rare but devastating complication of Klebsiella sepsis. Familiarity with its varied clinical presentations would aid in early diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report 5 eyes of 4 patients with endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis from December 1995 to September 1996 and review the literature regarding previously successfully treated cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 67.5 years (range 37-85 years). One patient had bilateral involvement. At presentation, 3 eyes had a visual acuity of no perception of light (NPL) and the 1 patient with bilateral involvement had an acuity of counting fingers in one eye and 20/40 in the other. The primary source of sepsis was the pulmonary system in 2 patients, the hepatobiliary system in 1 patient and the urinary tract in 1 patient. One patient had coexisting diabetes mellitus. Two patients had a pupillary hypopyon. Local and systemic treatment with an aminoglycoside and cephalosporin was initiated. Despite treatment, 2 eyes remained NPL. One eye developed a globe perforation and was eviscerated. The patient with bilateral involvement was treated within 8 h and recovered fully with a final visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to have a high index of suspicion in patients with septicaemia presenting with intraocular inflammation, especially in diabetics with suppurative liver disease, urinary tract infection or pulmonary infection. As the visual prognosis for patients with Klebsiella endophthalmitis is generally poor, early diagnosis and treatment with intravenous and intravitreal antibiotics may improve the visual outcome.
authors.affiliation: Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore. leopk@pacific.net.sg
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Au Eong
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D005839:Gentamicins; D014640:Vancomycin; D002437:Cefazolin