title: Uterine relaxant effects of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of three cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors: nimesulide, meloxicam, and celecoxib, which exhibit varying COX-2 selectivity, on contractile activity in pregnant (before and after labor) and nonpregnant human myometrial tissue in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isometric tension recording was performed under physiologic conditions in isolated myometrial strips obtained from 33 women undergoing hysterectomy or either elective or emergency cesarean section. The effects of cumulative additions of nimesulide, meloxicam, and celecoxib (between 1 nmol/L and 100 micromol/L) on myometrial contractility were measured, and values for -log(10) EC(50) and mean maximal inhibition were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nimesulide, meloxicam, and celecoxib exerted significant relaxant effects on contractility in nonpregnant, pregnant nonlabor, and pregnant labor myometrial strips. Values for -log(10) EC(50) values (+/- standard error of the mean) were as follows: nimesulide (nonpregnant) 5.14 +/- 0.93 (n = 6), (pregnant nonlabor) 4.91 +/- 0.75 (n = 6), and (pregnant labor) 5.84 +/- 0.35 (n = 6); meloxicam (nonpregnant) 6.53 +/- 0.57 (n = 6), (pregnant nonlabor) 4.80 +/- 0.71 (n = 6), and (pregnant labor) 5.62 +/- 0.21 (n = 6); celecoxib (nonpregnant) 6.15 +/- 0.99 (n = 6), (pregnant nonlabor) 7.08 +/- 0.98 (n = 6), and (pregnant labor) 7.25 +/- 0.99 (n = 3). Celecoxib exhibited greater potency than nimesulide or meloxicam (P < .01). The range of maximal relaxation values achieved in the three tissue types were as follows: nimesulide 68-70% (n = 18; P < .01), meloxicam 69-84% (n = 18; P < .01), and celecoxib 69-77% (n = 15; P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  COX-2 inhibitors exert significant relaxation in human myometrium with a similar potency in nonpregnant and pregnant (before and after labor onset) tissues. Celecoxib, a COX-2 specific inhibitor, was more potent than nimesulide or meloxicam, COX-2 preferential inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Ireland Galway, Clinical Science Institute, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Friel
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068579:Celecoxib; D002585:Cesarean Section; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D000077239:Meloxicam; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000068579:Celecoxib; C012655:nimesulide; D000077239:Meloxicam