title: Comparison of laparoscopic, open, and converted appendectomy for perforated appendicitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perforated appendicitis is associated with a significant risk of postoperative abdominal and wound infection. Only a few controversial studies evaluate the role of laparoscopy in perforated appendicitis. The significance of conversion from laparoscopy to open appendectomy for perforated appendicitis is not well defined. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 52 patients with perforated appendicitis were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. Among these patients, 18 had laparoscopic appendectomies (LA); 24 had open appendectomies (OA); and 10 had converted appendectomies (CA). The indications for either method were based on the attending surgeons's philosophy. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed using a retrograde stapler technique. Operative time, hospital stay, ability to tolerate a liquid diet, and postoperative infectious complications were documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant difference in the operative time in minutes was found between the LA (114 +/- 29.3), CA (120.0 +/- 32.2), and OA (105.8 +/- 64.1) groups (p = NS). There was no statistically significance difference in length of stay (days) between the LA (9.2 +/- 4.1), OA (10.5 +/- 3.3), and CA (10.0 +/- 1.8) groups. The wound infection rate was less frequent in the LA group (0%) than in 0A (14%) and CA (10%) groups. The rate of intra-abdominal abscess infections (IAAs) and ileus were 22% and 28%, respectively, in LA group, 38% and 29%, respectively, in OA group, and 60% and 50%, respectively, in CA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No difference in the rate of postoperative intra-abdominal abscesses exists between laparoscopic and open appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. Wound infections and ileus complicate the postoperative course of patients after laparoscopic appendectomy less frequently than after open appendectomy. The conversion of laparoscopic to open appendectomy for perforated appendicitis is associated with increased postoperative morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Services, Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11229, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piskun
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kozik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajpal
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shaftan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fogler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001062:Appendectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome