title: Deletions of AXIN1, a component of the WNT/wingless pathway, in sporadic medulloblastomas.
abstract: Medulloblastoma (MB) represents the most frequent malignant brain tumor in children. Most MBs appear sporadically; however, their incidence is highly elevated in two inherited tumor predisposition syndromes, Gorlin's and Turcot's syndrome. The genetic defects responsible for these diseases have been identified. Whereas Gorlin's syndrome patients carry germ-line mutations in the patched (PTCH) gene, Turcot's syndrome patients with MBs carry germ-line mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. The APC gene product is a component of a multiprotein complex controlling beta-catenin degradation. In this complex, Axin plays a major role as scaffold protein. Whereas APC mutations are rare in sporadic MBs, a hot-spot region of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) mutations was identified in a subset of MBs. To find out if Axin is also involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic MBs, we analyzed 86 MBs and 11 MB cell lines for mutations in the AXIN1 gene. Using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, screening for large deletions by reverse transcription-PCR, and sequencing analysis, a single somatic point mutation in exon 1 (Pro255Ser) and seven large deletions (12%) of AXIN1 were detected. This indicates that AXIN1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in MBs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dahmen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Denkhaus
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tonn
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sörensen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berthold
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behrens
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Birchmeier
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Wiestler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pietsch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D060466:Axin Protein; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins
chemical_list: C555451:AXIN1 protein, human; D060466:Axin Protein; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins