title: Urologic manifestations of multiple sclerosis: proposed treatment algorithms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A detailed clinical management of the urological manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) is presented as it is practiced in our department, and therapeutic algorithms are constructed.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ten patients were consecutively and prospectively studied with a clinical syndrome of MS. ranging in age from 32 to 65 years of age. Clinical diagnosis of the voiding dysfunction associated with MS was classified as a malfunction causing either problems of bladder evacuation, or storage, or a combination of both.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were initially managed in a conservative way avoiding surgical procedures and following primarily pharmacologic treatment, because of the quite common reversibility of MS. The detailed management of the related voiding dysfunction is given by the proposed algorithms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our purpose was to present the algorithms that can help the practicing physician to come to reasonable conclusions as to therapeutical choices directed to specific pathophysiologic characteristics of voiding dysfunction related to MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, University Hospital, Rio, Greece. gbarbal@med.upatras.gr
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Barbalias
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Liatsikos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Passakos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barbalias
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sakelaropoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*