title: Outcome of living unrelated (commercial) renal transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to inadequate cadaveric and living related organ supply, many end-stage renal disease patients go to Third World countries for commercial transplantation, although the high risk of complications is well established and ethical arguments debate this practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The midterm outcome of 115 patients who had been commercially transplanted in various countries and admitted to our center for post-transplant care and follow-up between 1992 and 1999 was retrospectively analyzed. Data considering the transplantation practice and post-transplant course were collected from the patient files. Outcome of these patients was compared with those with a living related transplant performed at our center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients (91 male and 24 female; mean age of 42 +/- 12 years) were transplanted in India (N = 106), Iraq (N = 7), and Iran (N = 2). The mean follow-up period was 64.5 +/- 23.9 months. Post-transplant course was complicated by numerous surgical and/or medical complications, and many of the latter were unconventional infections caused by malaria, invasive fungal infections, and pneumonia due to various opportunistic pathogens. Overall, 52 patients still have functioning allografts, while 22 lost their grafts, 20 died, and 21 were lost to follow-up. Graft survival rates at two, five, and seven years were 84, 66, and 53%, respectively, for the study group, while it was 86, 78, and 73% for living related transplantations performed at our center (P = 0.036). Patient survival rates for the same periods were 90, 80, and 74% for the study group and 90, 85, and 80% for the living related transplantations (P = 0.53).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides the ongoing ethical debate, commercial transplantation carries a high risk of unconventional complications, and despite that the patient survival rate is comparable, graft survival is worse than conventional living related transplantations at the midterm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Department of Surgery, Istanbul School of Medicine, Capa-Istanbul, Turkey. severm@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kazancioğlu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Türkmen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ecder
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kayacan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eldegez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007239:Infections / Q000209:etiology; D007492:Iran; D007493:Iraq; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey