title: Treatment of erectile dysfunction in men with depressive symptoms: results of a placebo-controlled trial with sildenafil citrate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depressed men commonly have erectile dysfunction, and men with erectile dysfunction are frequently depressed. Since the etiologic and modulatory relationships between depression and erectile dysfunction have been poorly characterized, a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at 20 urologic clinics to evaluate the effects of sildenafil treatment in men with erectile dysfunction and mild-to-moderate comorbid depressive illness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men (N=152, mean age=56 years) with erectile dysfunction for > or =6 months (mean=5.7 years), a DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder not otherwise specified, and a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score > or =12 (mean at baseline=16.9) were randomly assigned to flexible-dose treatment with sildenafil citrate or matching placebo. Interviewer-rated and self-report instruments were used to assess changes in sexual function, depressive symptoms, and quality of life. Conservative criteria were used to classify erectile dysfunction treatment response and nonresponse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sildenafil was strongly associated with erectile dysfunction treatment response. Fifty-eight men met the conservative criteria for response (48 given sildenafil, 10 given placebo), and 78 men did not respond (18 given sildenafil, 60 given placebo). Mean decreases of 10.6 and 2.3 in Hamilton depression scale scores were seen in treatment responders and nonresponders, respectively; 76% of treatment responders showed a > or =50% decline in Hamilton depression scale score versus 14% of nonresponders. Quality of life was similarly improved in treatment responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sildenafil is efficacious for erectile dysfunction in men with mild-to-moderate depressive illness. Improvement of erectile dysfunction is associated with marked improvement in depressive symptoms and quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. sns5@columbia.edu
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Seidman
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Roose
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Menza
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shabsigh
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011687:Purines; D011788:Quality of Life; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D010919:Placebos; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases