title: Laryngeal angiosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of five cases with a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary laryngeal angiosarcoma (LA) is rare without a reported series evaluating these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with LA were retrospectively retrieved from the Otorhinolaryngic Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three men and 2 women, aged 29 to 71 years, presented with hoarseness (n = 4) and hemoptysis (n = 1). Two patients had previous neck radiation. The tumors involved the supraglottis (n = 4) with a mean size of 3.1 cm. Histologically, all tumors had anastomosing vascular channels lined by remarkably atypical endothelial cells protruding into the lumen, frequent atypical mitotic figures, and hemorrhage. All cases tested (n = 4) demonstrated immunoreactivity with antibodies to Factor VIII-RA and CD34. All patients had surgery followed by postoperative radiation (n = 3 patients). Three patients died with disease (mean, 17 mo), whereas one patient is alive with no evidence of disease at 18 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LA is a rare tumor, frequently associated with previous radiation, usually involving the supraglottis with characteristic histomorphologic and immunophenotypic features. LA has a poor prognosis, making appropriate separation from other conditions important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Loos
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wieneke
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006394:Hemangiosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000209:etiology; D006685:Hoarseness / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007830:Larynx / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors