title: Allelic deletion fingerprinting of urine cell sediments in bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bladder cancer shows frequent nonrandom allelic deletion at various chromosomal regions. Genotypic detection methods could potentially identify patients at risk for recurrent progressive disease. In this study, we examined allelic deletion at specific chromosomal loci in tumor tissue and urine cell sediment samples using a microsatellite-based protocol. Although both allelic deletion and microsatellite instability have been reported in primary bladder cancer, microsatellite instability was not specifically examined in this study. We report a pilot study of 40 patients with bladder cancer in which allelic deletion in tumor tissue and urine cell sediment was compared with conventional urine cytology results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty tumors were analyzed using a set of microsatellite primers from chromosomes 3, 4, 8, 11, 14, and 17 to construct allelic deletion fingerprints. Cy5.5-labeled PCR products were analyzed using the OpenGene System and GeneObjects software. Eighty-eight percent of tumors showed allelic deletion. In urine cell sediments, the tumor detection rate was 80% compared with 50% for routine urine cytology. The allelic deletion fingerprinting (ADF) procedure identified 69% of incipient tumors, cases initially classified as normal by routine urine cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADF analysis provides a reliable noninvasive method for the detection and monitoring of recurrent cancer in urine cell sediment samples from patients with bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Karolinska Institute and Stockholm South Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beheshti
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jewett
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shipman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000652:urine*; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000652:urine*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000652:urine*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm