title: Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction with precocious puberty and adipsic hypernatremia first presenting in adolescence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction is a rare syndrome that has been described in young children. This syndrome is characterized by a disturbance of thirst regulation with hypernatremia, hyperosmolarity, and altered hypothalamic function.
  
  
  METHODS
  At age 6 years the reported patients presented with precocious puberty, by age 12 years she had hypernatremia presumed secondary to central diabetes insipidus and was treated with DDAVP, and at age 14 was identified to have hyperprolactinemia. At age 19 she presented with serum sodium of 185 mg/dl during an episode of illness associated with dehydration. After hydration, her sodium remained elevated. Arginine vasopressin was measurable but inappropriate to serum sodium, while urinary cyclic AMP response to vasopressin was appropriate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first case of precocious puberty identified in association with the more classic features of idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction, including later-onset hypernatremia, poor thermoregulatory function, obesity, and hyperprolactinemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-3020, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cauble
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mack-Shipman
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000652:urine; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004326:Drinking; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications; D006955:Hypernatremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000150:complications; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011629:Puberty, Precocious / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013577:Syndrome; D013894:Thirst; D014667:Vasopressins
chemical_list: D014667:Vasopressins; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D012964:Sodium; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin