title: Ovarian carcinoma cells in serous effusions show altered MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA levels.
abstract: The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitor TIMP-2 in serous effusions from patients with ovarian carcinoma and its association with clinico-pathological parameters were analysed. The findings in carcinoma cells in effusions were compared with corresponding primary and metastatic lesions. Sixty-six effusions and 96 tissue sections were stained for MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 applying immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analysed for MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 expression using mRNA in situ hybridisation (ISH). MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA levels in 30 effusions were subsequently analysed using reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MMP and TIMP expression was detected in both carcinoma and mesothelial cells in effusions. The levels were consistently higher in malignant cells, significantly so for MMP-1 (P=0.016) and MMP-2 (P=0.036) proteins, as well as for TIMP-2 mRNA (P=0.008). In tissue sections, MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression was mostly localised to tumour cells, while MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 mRNA were predominantly detected in stromal cells. Adenocarcinoma cells in effusions showed a significant upregulation of MMP-2 expression compared with primary tumours, with a concomitant downregulation of TIMP-2. RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in 28/30 and 0/30 specimens, respectively. MMP and TIMP are thus mainly synthesised by cancer cells in effusions, while stromal cells have a similar role in solid tumours. MMP-1 and MMP-2 production predominates over that of MMP-9 in effusions. Increased MMP-2 and reduced TIMP-2 levels are seen in ovarian carcinoma cells in effusions, possibly marking the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310, Oslo, Norway. bend@ulrik.uio.no
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Givant-Horwitz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Risberg
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Trope
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryne
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopolovic
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nesland
mesh_terms: D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1