title: Successful late management of spontaneous esophageal rupture using T-tube mediastinoabdominal drainage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous esophageal rupture is extremely rare, and early symptoms of the disease are similar to those of emergency diseases of the chest and abdomen. The diagnosis and treatments are often delayed, resulting in an unfavorable outcome in some cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed improved T-tube drainage for spontaneous esophageal rupture in 5 patients between 1995 and 1999. Our improved method was a modified procedure of the reported method of Abbott et al, as follows: a T-tube was inserted into the esophagus. A separate stab incision was made in the abdominal wall, and the long limb of the T-tube was brought out through this incision ensuring that the course of the T-tube intra-abdominally was short and straight, with some slack to allow for postoperative abdominal distension. An advantage of this method was that it facilitated healing of the fistula after removal of the T-tube.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were treated with a satisfactory outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This improved T-tube drainage was technically very easy and safe method for spontaneous esophageal rupture in severe cases.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Gunma University Faculty of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, 371-8511, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. hojima@showa.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D015505:Chest Tubes; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum; D008875:Middle Aged; D012074:Remission Induction; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013997:Time Factors