title: An in vitro study of antibacterial properties of the cervical mucus plug in pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether cervical mucus plugs are antibacterial in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervical mucus plugs from 56 healthy women in labor were studied by 2 different antimicrobial assays: (1) analysis of the inhibition by the cervical mucus plug of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by overlaying the cervical mucus plug onto an agar plate with imbedded bacteria, and (2) determination of the antibacterial property of the cervical mucus plug material by radial diffusion assay with group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the agar overlay assay, there was complete inhibition of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, E coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and patient-variable partial-to-complete inhibition of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae. In the radial diffusion assay, cervical mucus plugs had activity toward group B Streptococcus equivalent to 0.075 microg/mL of gentamicin and toward E coli equivalent to 0.5 microg/mL of gentamicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low-molecular substance with antibacterial activity in the cervical mucus plug may protect the fetus against ascending infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. merete.hein@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Helmig
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schønheyder
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ganz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uldbjerg
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins