title: IL-4 differentially regulates eotaxin and MCP-4 in lung epithelium and circulating mononuclear cells.
abstract: To investigate the mechanisms of eosinophil recruitment in allergic airway inflammation, we examined the effects of interleukin (IL)-4, a Th2-type cytokine, on eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-4 (MCP-4) expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; n = 10), in human lower airway mononuclear cells (n = 5), in the human lung epithelial cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B, and in human cultured airway epithelial cells. IL-4 inhibited eotaxin and MCP-4 mRNA expression induced by IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in PBMCs but did not significantly inhibit expression in epithelial cells. Eotaxin and MCP-4 mRNA expression was not significantly induced by proinflammatory cytokines in lower airway mononuclear cells. IL-1 beta-induced eotaxin and MCP-4 protein production was also inhibited by IL-4 in PBMCs, whereas IL-4 enhanced eotaxin protein production in A549 cells. In contrast, dexamethasone inhibited eotaxin and MCP-4 expression in both PBMCs and epithelial cells. The divergent effects of IL-4 on eotaxin and MCP-4 expression between PBMCs and epithelial cells may create chemokine concentration gradients between the subepithelial layer and the capillary spaces that may promote the recruitment of eosinophils to the airway in Th2-type responses.
authors.affiliation: Combined Program in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Luster
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tateno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jedrzkiewicz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Haley
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Garcia-Zepeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lilly
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020871:RNA Stability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C515456:CCL11 protein, human; C099677:CCL13 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor