title: Contributions of UP elements and the transcription factor FIS to expression from the seven rrn P1 promoters in Escherichia coli.
abstract: The high activity of the rrnB P1 promoter in Escherichia coli results from a cis-acting DNA sequence, the UP element, and a trans-acting transcription factor, FIS. In this study, we examine the effects of FIS and the UP element at the other six rrn P1 promoters. We find that UP elements are present at all of the rrn P1 promoters, but they make different relative contributions to promoter activity. Similarly, FIS binds upstream of, and activates, all seven rrn P1 promoters but to different extents. The total number of FIS binding sites, as well as their positions relative to the transcription start site, differ at each rrn P1 promoter. Surprisingly, the FIS sites upstream of site I play a much larger role in transcription from most rrn P1 promoters compared to rrnB P1. Our studies indicate that the overall activities of the seven rrn P1 promoters are similar, and the same contributors are responsible for these high activities, but these inputs make different relative contributions and may act through slightly different mechanisms at each promoter. These studies have implications for the control of gene expression of unlinked multigene families.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hirvonen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marasco
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Aiyar
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Newburn
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gourse
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D035021:Factor For Inversion Stimulation Protein; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D034982:Integration Host Factors; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020218:Response Elements; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D012407:rRNA Operon
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D035021:Factor For Inversion Stimulation Protein; D034982:Integration Host Factors; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D014157:Transcription Factors; C440502:integration host factor, E coli