title: Use of olanzapine in dysphoric mania.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The simultaneous presentation of both manic and depressive symptoms has long been recognized. Nevertheless, a variable prevalence of dysphoric mania has been reported. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dysphoric mania among hospitalized patients and to assess the effectiveness of olanzapine in this type of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six patients who met DSM-IV criteria for mania were evaluated at admission with a protocol that included McElroy's criteria for dysphoric mania [Am. J. Psychiatry 149 (1992) 1633]. Treatment was administered according to clinical need, using mood stabilizers combined with antipsychotics. Sequential assessments were conducted throughout the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four patients (51.2%) fulfilled McElroy's criteria for dysphoric mania. Fourteen of these dysphoric patients were treated with olanzapine in combination with mood-stabilizers. All patients improved in manic symptoms but patients treated with olanzapine improved significantly more than those treated with other antipsychotics in depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of randomization is a methodological limitation of this study, so these findings should be considered as preliminary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dysphoric symptoms are common in this population of manic patients. Olanzapine in combination with mood-stabilizers may be effective in these patients. Additional controlled studies are needed to replicate these results.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Department, Santiago Apostol Hospital, Osakidetza Mental Health System, Olaguibel 29, 01004 Vitoria, Spain. agonzalez@sscc.osakidetza.net
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Pinto
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lalaguna
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mosquera
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pérez de Heredia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ezcurra
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gilaberte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D010890:Pirenzepine; D000077152:Olanzapine