title: Medical and socioenvironmental predictors of hospital readmission in patients with congestive heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) require frequent rehospitalization because of the exacerbation of CHF. It is of clinical importance to determine predicting factors for readmission to reduce this likelihood. Previous studies have focused primarily on the demographic and medical characteristics in selected subsets of patients. Therefore, within a broad cohort of consecutively hospitalized patients, we sought to identify not only demographic and medical predictors but also socioenvironmental factors associated with readmission.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed demographic (age, sex), medical (etiology of CHF, New York Heart Association functional class, left ventricular ejection fraction, previous admission for CHF, length of hospital stay, comorbidity, and medications), and socioenvironmental variables (occupation, financial resources, living alone, and follow-up visits) in 230 patients discharged with a diagnosis of CHF and recorded hospital readmission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within 1 year after discharge, 81 patients (35%) were readmitted. Five variables, including poor follow-up visits (odds ratio [OR] 4.9, 95% CI 2.0-11.8), previous admission for CHF (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.8-6.1), no occupation (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.5), longer hospital stay (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.2-8.5), and hypertension (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.7), were identified as significant independent predictors for readmission by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our independent predictors of readmission support the importance of medical and socioenvironmental factors in the deterioration of CHF. Therefore interventions to decrease readmission should also target social management in all hospitalized patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuchihashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kasagi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Setoguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011336:Probability; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors