title: Orbital and periorbital infections.
abstract: Infections of the orbit and periorbital tissues are not uncommon. Trauma, skin infections, and sinusitis are frequently the underlying cause. Studies have shown changes in epidemiology and pathogens in the last decade. Although classical manifestations are usually present, atypical cases without specific signs and symptoms may confound the diagnosis. A high index of suspicion, aided by ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, is frequently required for an accurate diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment may lead to resolution of the infection, thus avoiding ocular sequelae. Orbital infections may spread into the globe, causing endophthalmitis. Some patients may even need an enucleation or evisceration. New materials and techniques may improve the final result of an anophthalmic socket.
authors.affiliation: Orbit and Oculoplastics Surgery Service, Instituto de Oftalmologia Fundación Conde de Valenciana U.N.A.M., Mexico City, Mexico. jltovilla@yahoo.com
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tovilla-Canales
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nava
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tovilla y Pomar
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D020226:Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D015817:Eye Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy