title: Improvements to parallel plate flow chambers to reduce reagent and cellular requirements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The parallel plate flow chamber has become a mainstay for examination of leukocytes under physiologic flow conditions. Several design modifications have occurred over the years, yet a comparison of these different designs has not been performed. In addition, the reagent requirements of many designs prohibit the study of rare leukocyte populations and require large amounts of reagents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we evaluate modifications to a newer parallel plate flow chamber design in comparison to the original parallel plate flow chamber described by Lawrence et al. We show that modifications in the chamber size, internal tubing diameters, injection valves, and a recirculation design may dramatically reduce the cellular and reagent requirements without altering measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These modifications are simple and easily implemented so that study of rare leukocyte subsets using scarce or expensive reagents can occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, USA. dcbrown@salud.unm.edu
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D007158:Immunologic Techniques / Q000191:economics; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D036904:Leukocyte Rolling; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents