title: Enzymatic characterization of organic phosphorus in animal manure.
abstract: Information on the forms of P present in animal manure may improve our ability to manage manure P. In most investigations of manure P composition, only inorganic and total P are determined, and the difference between them is assigned as organic P. In this study, we explored the possibility of identifying and quantifying more specific organic P forms in animal manure with orthophosphate-releasing enzymes. Pig (Sus scrofa) manure and cattle (Bos taurus) manure were first sequentially fractionated into water-soluble P, NaHCO3-soluble P, NaOH-soluble P, HCl-soluble P, and residual P. The fractions were separately incubated with wheat phytase, alkaline phosphatase, nuclease P1, nucleotide pyrophosphatase, or their combinations. The released orthophosphate was determined by a molybdate blue method. Part of the organic P in those fractions could be identified by the enzymatic treatments as phytate (i.e., 39% for pig manure and 17% for cattle manure in water-soluble organic P), simple phosphomonoesters (i.e., 43% for pig manure and 15% for cattle manure in NaOH-soluble organic P), nucleotide-like phosphodiesters (2-12%), and nucleotide pyrophosphate (0-4%). Our data indicate that the enzymatic treatment is an effective approach to identify and quantify the organic P forms present in animal manures.
authors.affiliation: USDA Agricultural Research Service, New England Plant, Soil, and Water Lab., Univ. of Maine, Orono 04469, USA. zhe@maine.edu
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Honeycutt
mesh_terms: D010832:6-Phytase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002417:Cattle; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008372:Manure; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D015719:Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D009711:Nucleotides; D010758:Phosphorus; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D010832:6-Phytase; D015719:Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; C021899:nucleotide pyrophosphatase