title: Proton pump inhibitor resistance in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the occurrence of relative proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drug resistance in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed for 1053 consecutive adults undergoing double-probe (simultaneous esophageal and pharyngeal) pH testing in our laboratory. Two hundred five patients who had pH studies performed while taking at least a daily dose of PPI therapy were identified; 167 qualified for further analysis. The pH data was reviewed for the presence of abnormalities in either esophageal or pharyngeal acid exposure to evaluate drug efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four percent (74/167) of the study patients demonstrated abnormal levels of acid exposure. Results were further analyzed to compare failure rates based on different dosage regimens. Patients on once daily doses of PPI failed at a rate of 56%, with lower failure rates for higher-dose regimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant number of LPR patients on PPI therapy demonstrate relative drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, MCP/Hahnemann School of Medicine, Two Logan Square, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA. mamin@drexel.edu
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Postma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Digges
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koufman
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D064747:Lansoprazole; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D064747:Lansoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole