title: Prevalence of gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb is low in Helicobacter pylori positive non-ulcer dyspepsia patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric metaplasia in duodenum is a common phenomena in duodenal ulcer patients. However, the role of gastric metaplasia in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia is not clear. It is not known either whether Helicobacter pylori infected non-ulcer patients who are CagA-seropositive have gastric metaplasia in duodenum more often than CagA-negative patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare prevalence of gastric metaplasia in duodenum in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients according to Helicobacter pylori status.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of 400 unselected dyspeptic patients in primary care were investigated. Patients with no endoscopic evidence of organic disease (n=236) were enrolled in the study. Duodenal bulb and gastric biopsies were collected, as well as blood samples for Helicobacter pylori determination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences between CagA-seropositive and -seronegative Helicobacter pylori infected patients as far as concerns gastric metaplasia in duodenal bulb (20% vs 25%). Helicobacter pylori negative non-ulcer patients more often had gastric metaplastic changes (46%, p<0.0001) in duodenum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helicobacter pylori infection has no major role in development of gastric metaplasia in duodenal bulb in non-ulcer dyspeptic patients. Furthermore, it does not result in positive CagA-serology, an increased risk for gastric metaplasia compared with CagA-seronegative cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland. markku.heikkinen@kuh.fi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pikkarainen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vornanen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hollmén
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Julkunen
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology*; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori