[Diagnosis in suspected appendicitis. Can ultrasonography rule out acute appendicitis?].
BACKGROUND
Acute appendicitis is often difficult to confirm and even harder to rule out by physical examination. In order to assess the diagnostic reliability of sonography we compared the results of physical (p) and sonographic (s) examination.


METHODS
One hundred and fifty consecutive patients presenting with right lower quadrant abdominal pain were evaluated in a prospective study. Based on the respective findings patients were classified into three groups: I: appendicitis confirmed; II: appendicitis ruled out; III: equivocal findings. The results were compared with the discharge diagnoses established by histologic examination or clinical observation.


RESULTS
Ultrasonography showed significantly higher sensitivity (group I s vs group I p: 95% vs 45%) and specificity (group I s vs group I p: 100% vs 75%) in confirming as well as in ruling out acute appendicitis (group II s vs group II p: sensitivity 73% vs 53%; specificity 100% vs 81%) than physical examination alone. Owing to additional sonographic findings the group with indeterminate abdominal pain was much smaller after ultrasound examination (group III s vs group III p: 35 vs 69 patients).


CONCLUSIONS
After discussing the literature and sonomorphologic criteria that distinguish an inflamed from a normal appendix, we conclude that ultrasonography is a valuable tool in confirming as well as in ruling out acute appendicitis.
Manner
M
M
Chirurgische Abteilung, Kreiskrankenhaus Calw.
Stickel
W
W
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012737:Sex Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography