title: Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through casual contact with an infectious case.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An ongoing restriction fragment length polymorphism study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from tuberculosis cases showed an identical 12-band IS6110 pattern unique to 3 unrelated patients (Patients A-C) diagnosed as having tuberculosis within a 9-month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an attempt to identify epidemiologic links between the 3 patients, we performed site visits to the retail business work site of patient A and conducted detailed interviews with all 3 patients and their contacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient B had visited patient A's work site 3 times during patient A's infectious period, spending no more than 15 minutes each time. Patient C visited patient A's work site on 6 to 10 occasions during this period for no more than 45 minutes at any one time. There were no other epidemiologic links between these 3 cases other than the contact at the store. Contact investigation identified 4 tuberculin skin test conversions among 8 (50%) of patient A's coworkers, 6 positive tests among 15 household contacts (40%), and 8 positive tests among 16 identified customers who were casual contacts (50%). Patient B and patient C were most likely infected by patient A during one of their brief visits to patient A's work site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that some tuberculosis is spread through casual contact not normally pursued in traditional contact investigations and that, in certain situations, M tuberculosis can be transmitted despite minimal duration of exposure. In addition, this outbreak emphasizes the importance of DNA fingerprinting data for identifying unusual transmission in unexpected settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University, 424 N Bond St, Baltimore, MD 21231-1001, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Golub
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Obasanjo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Coggin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Bishai
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Chaisson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D016358:Contact Tracing; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012307:Risk Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D017132:Workplace