title: The key-role of vagal nerve and adrenals in the cytoprotection and general gastric mucosal integrity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our laboratory group observed earlier that the gastric mucosal cytoprotective effect of prostacyclin (PGI(2)) disappeared after surgical vagotomy in rats. Similarly to this, the beta-carotene induced gastric cytoprotection disappeared in adrenalectomized rats too.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In these studies we aimed to investigate the possible role of vagal nerve and adrenals in the development of gastric mucosal lesions induced by exogenously administered chemicals (ethanol, HCl, NaOH, NaCl and indomethacin), and on the effects of cytoprotective and antisecretory drugs (atropine, cimetidine), and scavengers (vitamin A and beta-carotene).
  
  
  METHODS
  The observations were carried out in fasted CFY strain rats. The gastric mucosal lesions were produced by intragastric (i.g.) administration of narcotising agents (96% ethanol; 0.6 M HCl; 0.2 M NaOH; 25% NaCl) or subcutaneously (s.c.) administered indomethacin (20 mg/kg) in intact, surgically bilaterally vagatomized, and adrenalectomized rats without or with glucocorticoid supplementation (Oradexon, 0.6 mg/kg given i.m. for 1 week). The gastric mucosal protective effect of antisecretory doses of atropine (0.1-0.5-1.0 mg/kg i.g.) and cimetidine (10-25-50 mg/kg i.g.), and vitamin A and beta-carotene (0.01-0.1-1.0-10 mg/kg i.g.) was studied. The number and severity of mucosal gastric lesions was numerically or semiquantitatively measured. In other series of observations the gastric acid secretion and mucosal damage were studied in 24 h pylorus-ligated rats without and with acute bilateral surgical vagotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that: (1) the chemical-induced gastric mucosal damage was enhanced in vagotomized and adrenalectomized rats, meanwhile the endogenous secretion of gastric acid, and the development of mucosal damage can be prevented by surgical vagotomy; (2) the gastric cyto- and general protection produced by the drugs and scavengers disappeared in vagotomized and adrenalectomized rats; (3) the gastric mucosal protective effects of drugs and of scavengers returned after sufficient glucocorticoid supplementation of the rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It has been concluded that the intact vagal nerve and adrenals have a key role in the gastric mucosal integrity, and in drugs- and scavengers-induced gastric cyto- and general mucosal protection.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7643 Pécs, Ifjúság u. 13., Hungary. mozsik@clinics.pote.hu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mózsik
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karádi
authors.lastname: Király A
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Debreceni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pár
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pár
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Süto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincze
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000502:physiology*; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000818:Animals; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000502:physiology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D014628:Vagotomy; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D003907:Dexamethasone; D007213:Indomethacin