[Periodic limb movements in sleep--can and should this condition be treated?].
BACKGROUND
Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) may occur in up to 6% of the general population and is more common in the elderly.


METHODS
Based on relevant literature and recent guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, we present an overview of symptoms, diagnostic examinations and treatment of periodic limb movements in sleep, including its relation to restless legs. A short case history is also presented.


RESULTS
Patients with periodic limb movements in sleep may or may not have other symptoms, such as insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. Polysomnography is necessary for the diagnosis. Only patients who meet specific diagnostic criteria should be treated pharmacologically. Our patient was examined by polysomnography and actigraphy before and during pharmacological treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
The concept and treatment of periodic limb movements in sleep is controversial.
Bjorvatn
B
B
Bergen Søvnsenter Nattlandsveien 8, Seksjon for allmennmedisin Locus for nevrovitenskap Universitetet i Bergen. bjorn.bjorvatn@isf.uib.no
Holsten
F
F
Skeidsvoll
H
H
D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020189:Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D017286:Polysomnography; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology