Advances in antiviral agents for hepatitis B virus.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the third most common disease after venereal diseases and chickenpox. HBV currently infects 2 billion people in the world, of which 350 million are chronic carriers. At least 1 million chronically infected individuals die each year due to HBV-related diseases, especially cirrhosis and liver cancer. The greatest concern about the diffusion of this virus is in endemic regions in central and southern Africa, South-East Asia and South America, where neonatal exposure results in high mortality rates. Anti-HBV therapy has made important progresses in the last decade, with two approved drugs and a number of other potent agents in the pharmaceutical industry pipeline. Nevertheless, resistance and viral rebound are still major issues in devising a winning strategy, and there is a continuous need of developing new active compounds, as well as therapeutic protocols based on combination therapy and a prophylactic approach. This review will summarize the latest advances in anti-HBV therapy, with particular regard to the latest clinical data on the most significant anti-HBV agents. Issues such as viral resistance and combination therapy will be highlighted.
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Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens.
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D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans
D000998:Antiviral Agents