title: Occurrence of supernumerary nipples in children with kidney and urinary tract malformations.
abstract: The reported data on the association of kidney and urinary tract malformations with supernumerary nipples are contradictory. We examined 200 children, ages 1 month-16 years, who were being followed because of recurrent urinary tract infection for supernumerary nipples. The patients were divided into two groups: those who were found to have urinary tract malformations on radiographic studies (n=92) and those who were not (n=108). All children were examined for any abnormal pigmentation along the milk line, and the entire body was examined for ectopic supernumerary nipples. Two of the children with proved urinary tract pathology and two of the children with no urinary tract pathology had supernumerary nipples. The odds ratio for having supernumerary nipples among the first group was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.084-16.53, p=0.627). Our results indicate no association between kidney and urinary tract malformations and supernumerary nipples. We believe the message to the practicing physician is that there is no need for radiographic or ultrasonographic investigation of the urinary tract in asymptomatic children found to have supernumerary nipples on routine physical examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grotto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Browner-Elhanan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mimouni
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Varsano
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mimouni
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D009558:Nipples / Q000002:abnormalities*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011336:Probability; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*