title: West Nile virus infection in birds and mosquitoes, New York State, 2000.
abstract: West Nile (WN) virus was found throughout New York State in 2000, with the epicenter in New York City and surrounding counties. We tested 3,403 dead birds and 9,954 mosquito pools for WN virus during the transmission season. Sixty-three avian species, representing 30 families and 14 orders, tested positive for WN virus. The highest proportion of dead birds that tested positive for WN virus was in American Crows in the epicenter (67% positive, n=907). Eight mosquito species, representing four genera, were positive for WN virus. The minimum infection rate per 1,000 mosquitoes (MIR) was highest for Culex pipiens in the epicenter: 3.53 for the entire season and 7.49 for the peak week of August 13. Staten Island had the highest MIR (11.42 for Cx. pipiens), which was associated with the highest proportion of dead American Crows that tested positive for WN virus (92%, n=48) and the highest number of human cases (n=10).
authors.affiliation: Arbovirus Laboratories, New York State Department of Health, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA. bernard@wadsworth.org
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Maffei
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Kauffman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ebel
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Dupuis
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Nicholas
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Kulasekera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eidson
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000821:virology; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology*; D001717:Birds / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D003465:Culex / Q000821:virology; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology*; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D020308:Songbirds / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*