title: Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions.
abstract: Bose-Einstein condensates of sodium atoms have been prepared in optical and magnetic traps in which the energy-level spacing in one or two dimensions exceeds the interaction energy between atoms, realizing condensates of lower dimensionality. The crossover into two-dimensional and one-dimensional condensates was observed by a change in aspect ratio and by the release energy converging to a nonzero value when the number of trapped atoms was reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Görlitz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vogels
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Leanhardt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Gustavson
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Abo-Shaeer
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Chikkatur
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inouye
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosenband
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ketterle