title: Levels of basic fibroblast growth factor, glutamine synthetase, and interleukin-6 in subretinal fluid from patients with retinal detachment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor, glutamine synthetase activity, and interleukin-6 in subretinal fluid from patients with retinal detachment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study we measured basic fibroblast growth factor, glutamine synthetase activity, interleukin-6, and total protein in subretinal fluid samples from 96 eyes from 94 consecutive patients with a retinal detachment corrected by a conventional scleral buckling operation in our clinical practice. As controls, vitreous fluid samples from eyes with a macular hole (n = 6) or pucker (n = 11) were used. Laboratory data of the patient group were compared with the control group and correlated with various clinical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels (median, range) of basic fibroblast growth factor, glutamine synthetase activity, interleukin-6, and total protein were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P <.0001). An increased level of glutamine synthetase and total protein correlated with a longer duration of the retinal detachment (r =.4, P =.002, and r =.34, P =.001, respectively). Interleukin-6 and basic fibroblast growth factor levels did not correlate with the duration of the detachment. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, no significant relation was found between any of the tested subretinal proteins and a low visual outcome or redetachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found increased levels of basic fibroblast growth factor and glutamine synthetase in subretinal fluid from patients with retinal detachment. Basic fibroblast growth factor and glutamine synthetase may play a role in the pathogenesis and recovery after retinal detachment. The questions of whether the increased levels of basic fibroblast growth factor and glutamine synthetase result from leakage of dying glia cells (including Müller cells) and neurons and if basic fibroblast growth factor is actively produced to protect the photoreceptor cells need further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology/Eye Research Institute, University Hospital Maastricht, P. Debyelaan 25, G202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: La Heij
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Van De Waarenburg
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Blaauwgeers
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kessels
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Vente
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Liem
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinbusch
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hendrikse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase