title: Phenylethylamine, a possible link to the antidepressant effects of exercise?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine in this pilot study whether aerobic exercise affects phenylacetic acid concentration in the urine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy men provided 24 hour urine samples on two consecutive days for the determination of phenylacetic acid levels. Before and during day 1, subjects refrained from physical activity; on day 2 subjects ran on a treadmill at 70% of their maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR) for 30 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 24 hour mean urinary concentration of phenylacetic acid was increased by 77% after exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As phenylacetic acid concentration in urine reflects phenylethylamine level, which is known to have antidepressant effects, phenylethylamine may be linked to the therapeutic effects of physical exercise on depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Billett
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000652:urine*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D010648:Phenylacetates; C025136:phenylacetic acid