title: [Musculoskeletal disorders in instrumental musicians: epidemiological study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the frequency and types of musculoskeletal problems of French instrumental musicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voluntary musicians answered an anonymous questionnaire about their musical practices, their medical history, and the evaluation of the troubles they feel during playing music. The musicians have been contacted in music schools, professional and not-professional orchestras.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During this study 635 musicians received a questionnaire. 141 answered it (22.5%): 76.6% suffer from overuse syndrome, 17% from entrapment neuropathies, 5.7% from occupational hand cramp. The main topographies are spine (60.9%) and wrist and hand (52.5%). Instrumental characteristics are exposed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Instrumental musicians often present musculoskeletal problems. A specific management would be useful to limit eventual drammatical consequences.
authors.affiliation: Centre MPR Maurice Gantchoula, 63330, Pionsat, France. denis.joubrel@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Joubrel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robineau
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pétrilli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gallien
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009120:Muscle Cramp / Q000209:etiology*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009146:Music; D016272:Occupational Health