Coffee and alcohol intake and risk of ovarian cancer: an Italian case-control study.
The relation between coffee and alcohol intake and ovarian cancer risk was analyzed in a case-control study conducted in Italy between 1992 and 1999. Cases were 1,031 women, aged 18-79 years, with incident, histologically confirmed invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, and controls were 2,411 women, aged 17-79 years, admitted to the hospital for acute nonneoplastic non-hormone-related diseases. Coffee intake (mostly espresso and mocha) was not associated with ovarian cancer risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69-1.27] in drinkers of > or = 4 cups/day compared with drinkers of < 1 cup/day. No meaningful relation was observed with cappuccino (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.85-1.32 for drinkers compared with nondrinkers), decaffeinated coffee (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.96), and tea intake (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.75-1.08). Total alcohol intake was not associated with ovarian cancer risk (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.76-1.57 in drinkers of > or = 36 g/day compared with never drinkers). No relationship was found with wine (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.70-1.50 for > 39 g/day compared with never drinkers), beer, amari, grappa, and spirits. No significant heterogeneity was found for coffee or total alcohol intake across strata of age, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, family history of ovarian/breast cancer, body mass index, and calorie intake. This study, based on a large data set; provides no support for a causal association between invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk and coffee and alcohol intake.
Tavani
A
A
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, 20157 Milan, Italy. tavani@marionegri.it
Gallus
S
S
Dal Maso
L
L
Franceschi
S
S
Montella
M
M
Conti
E
E
La Vecchia
C
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002110:Caffeine; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
D002273:Carcinogens; D003069:Coffee; D002110:Caffeine