title: Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular volume: correlation with magnetic resonance imaging--a validation study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of our study was to validate the ability of real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3D) to measure cardiac volume.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 25 patients with various cardiac disorders who had a regular heart rhythm and a good precordial echocardiographic window. Each patient underwent complete transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), RT3D, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Left ventricular dimension was calculated from slices of the whole left ventricle obtained by 7 different equidistant azimuth tilts. Planimetry of the endocardial (for volume data) and epicardium (for mass data) surface was performed for each azimuth tilt. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and the left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) were calculated. The cardiac mass data were derived with the formula (Epicardial volume - LVEDV) x 1.055. The parameters of LVEDV, LVESV, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac mass were compared with those derived from MRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found between the data from RT3D and MRI (P > or =.05). Good correlations were found between these two methods for left ventricle volume and mass measurements (r from 0.92 to 0.99). However, a weaker correlation was found with larger chamber sizes because extrapolation was necessary for the volume of myocardial segments that were not covered by the small sector angle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For data acquisition, RT3D is faster than either TTE or MRI. It is also better than MRI for measuring cardiac volume and mass. To improve results with larger cardiac chamber sizes, enlargement of the sector angle will be necessary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Veteran General Hospital-Kaohsiung, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. dlee@isca.vghks.gov.tw
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fuisz
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling