An instrument to measure musculoskeletal symptoms among immigrant Hispanic farmworkers: validation in the nursery industry.
We report on the construction and psychometrics of a survey measure of musculoskeletal symptomatology for use with Spanish-speaking immigrant farmworkers. Survey development included focus groups with workers, forward and backward translations, and pilot testing. The final survey includes a body diagram and items about symptom severity, frequency, and duration and about self-treatment, medical care, and job tasks. We report on the initial test of the survey with 213 commercial nursery workers in Southern California. Fifty-five percent of the workers reported pain, with 30% reporting back pain, 21% reporting upper extremity pain, 19% reporting lower extremity pain, and 10% reporting neck and shoulder pain. A composite symptom score exhibited acceptable test-retest reliability (r = 0.41, p < 0.01) over the annual agricultural cycle. Greater symptomatology was associated with greater frequency of self-treatment (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), seeking professional health care (t = 2.49, p < 0.05), and exposure to high-risk jobs (OR = 2.1, p < 0.05, CI = 1.0 to 4.4), supporting the validity of composite score.
Faucett
J
J
Department of Community Health Systems, Univ. of California, San Francisco 94143, USA. jaf@itsa.ucsf.edu
Meyers
J
J
Tejeda
D
D
Janowitz
I
I
Miles
J
J
Kabashima
J
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D002140:California; D004522:Educational Status; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000592:standards*