title: Iatrogenic complications related to the use of Herrick Lacrimal Plugs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a series of lacrimal complications associated with a specific type of lacrimal plug (Herrick Lacrimal Plug; Lacrimedics Incorporated, Rialto, CA.)
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, noncomparative case series and survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Members of the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery were asked to submit personally treated cases of patients referred for treatment of complications after placement of a Herrick Lacrimal Plug.
  
  
  METHODS
  Failure of the device to be removed by simple lacrimal irrigation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical courses of 41 patients were analyzed. Patients ranged in age from 19 to 81 years, and all had symptomatic epiphora related to the presence of the lacrimal plug. Several interventions were used to treat lacrimal obstruction. Nasolacrimal duct probing with irrigation was used in 15 lacrimal systems, whereas six systems were probed and subsequently stented with silicone tubing. Eyelid margin cutdown was used in eight cases. Balloon dacryoplasty was performed in three systems, dacryocystorhinostomy in 18 instances, and conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy in two patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Herrick lacrimal occlusion device sometimes cannot be removed by simple irrigation and is capable of inducing permanent, irreversible, symptomatic lacrimal drainage system obstruction.
authors.affiliation: The Eye Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bartley
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hawes
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Linberg
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Leventer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies