title: Sensitive determination of four general anaesthetics in human whole blood by capillary gas chromatography with cryogenic oven trapping.
abstract: Four general anaesthetics, sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane and halothane, in human whole blood, have been found measurable with very high sensitivity by capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) with cryogenic oven trapping upon injection of headspace (HS) vapor sample. To a 7-ml vial, containing 0.48 ml of distilled water and 20 microl of internal standard solution (5 microg), a 0.5-ml of whole blood sample spiked with or without anaesthetics, was added, and the mixture was heated at 55 degrees C for 15 min. A measure of 10 ml HS vapor was injected into the GC in the splitless mode at -40 degrees C oven temperature, which was programmed up to 250 degrees C. All four peaks were clearly separated; no impurity peaks were found among their peaks. Their extraction efficiencies were about 10%. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 0.5-20 microg/ml; their detection limits were 10-100 ng/ml, which are almost comparable to those by previous reports. The coefficients of intra-day and day-to-day variations were 6.5-9.8 and 7.3-17.2%, respectively. Isoflurane or enflurane was also measured from whole blood samples in which three volunteers inhaled each compound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe-Suzuki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katsumata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000097:blood*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D004737:Enflurane / Q000097:blood; D006221:Halothane / Q000097:blood; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D004737:Enflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane