title: Serologic evidence for West Nile virus infection in birds in the New York City vicinity during an outbreak in 1999.
abstract: As part of an investigation of an encephalitis outbreak in New York City, we sampled 430 birds, representing 18 species in four orders, during September 13-23, 1999, in Queens and surrounding counties. Overall, 33% were positive for West Nile (WN) virus-neutralizing antibodies, and 0.5% were positive for St. Louis encephalitis virus-neutralizing antibodies. By county, Queens had the most seropositive birds for WN virus (50%); species with the greatest seropositivity for WN virus (sample sizes were at least six) were Domestic Goose, Domestic Chicken, House Sparrow, Canada Goose, and Rock Dove. One sampled bird, a captive adult Domestic Goose, showed signs of illness; WN virus infection was confirmed. Our results support the concept that chickens and House Sparrows are good arbovirus sentinels. This study also implicates the House Sparrow as an important vertebrate reservoir host.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. nkomar@cdc.gov
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komar
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Panella
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Dusza
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Mascarenhas
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Talbot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary*; D004665:Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / Q000276:immunology; D005777:Geese / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D020308:Songbirds / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral