title: Midterm results of complete arterial revascularization in more than 1,000 patients using an internal thoracic artery/radial artery T graft.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the authors' 7-year experience with the internal thoracic artery/radial artery (ITA/RA) T graft as the only conduits for myocardial revascularization in two- and three-vessel disease.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  One and two arterial conduits provide increasing survival benefit for coronary grafting and reduce the need for reintervention. Exclusive use of arterial conduits may provide further benefit.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 1993 to November 2000, 1,020 patients underwent complete arterial revascularization with the ITA/RA T graft. The authors focus on the 909 having initial bypass, with a mean age of 60 and 20% age 70 or older. The incidence of triple-vessel disease was 73%, female gender 28%, diabetes mellitus 27%, peripheral vascular disease 11%, cerebrovascular disease 10%, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6%; ejection fraction was less than 35% in 11%. Perioperative data were collected prospectively. Follow-up information was obtained at a mean of 35.4 months (range 1-88) and was 95% complete.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were seven (0.08%) deaths within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of perioperative infarction was 3.3%, low cardiac output 2.7%, stroke 2.2%, reoperation for bleeding 3.8%, and deep sternal infection 0.8%. The actuarial survival rate was 90% at 5 years, freedom from infarction was 94%, freedom from catheterization was 83%, and freedom from reintervention (angioplasty or reoperation) was 93%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ITA/RA T graft for complete arterial revascularization is associated with a low rate of perioperative death and complications and 5-year survival and freedom from reintervention values consistent with other revascularization strategies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. barnerh@msnotes.wustl.edu
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Barner
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Sundt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000637:transplantation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D011336:Probability; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000637:transplantation*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome