title: L-arginine administration reduces neointima formation after stent injury in rats by a nitric oxide-mediated mechanism.
abstract: The clinical outcome of vascular stenting is limited by in-stent stenosis. Increased nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling by L-arginine (L-Arg) supplementation, the substrate for NO synthase (NOS), or NOS gene transfer may reduce in-stent neointima formation. After stenting, vascular cell proliferation in rat carotid arteries, as measured by 5'-bromodeoxyuridine (5'-BrdU) incorporation, indicated 15+/-8%, 28+/-5%, and 33+/-7% 5'-BrdU-positive vascular cells at 4, 7, and 14 days, respectively. Reporter beta-galactosidase gene transfer efficacy was evidenced by 30% beta-galactosidase-expressing medial smooth muscle cells at 14 days. The intima-to-media ratio (I/M) progressively increased to 2.32+/-0.24 at 14 days. To target in-stent neointima formation, animals were infected with adenoviral vectors (4x10(10) plaque-forming units per mL) expressing NOS2 (AdNOS2) or no transgene (AdRR5), or they received daily doses of L-Arg (500 mg. kg(-1). (d-1) IP). The neointima at 14 days was smaller in L-Arg-treated than in untreated rats (I/M 1.25+/-0.35 vs 2.32+/-0.24, P<0.05, n=7 each) or in AdRR5- and AdNOS2-infected rats (I/M 2.57+/-0.43, n=7 and 1.82+/-0.75, n=8, respectively; P<0.05 for both). The effect of L-Arg was abolished by simultaneous administration of N(G)-nitro L-arginine methyl ester, an NOS inhibitor (2.03+/-0.39, P<0.05, vs L-Arg). Inflammation was markedly less in L-Arg- and AdNOS2-treated than in AdRR5-infected rats. Supplemental L-Arg reduces neointima formation after stenting by way of an NOS-dependent mechanism and may be a valuable strategy to target in-stent stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Transgene Technology and Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vermeersch
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nong
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stabile
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Varenne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gillijns
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellens
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Pelt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoylaerts
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Scheerder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Collen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janssens
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat