Chromosome 21 abnormalities with AML1 amplification in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies were performed in three cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with marker chromosomes to analyze the contribution of chromosome 21 in these markers. FISH with a chromosome 21 painting probe confirmed that chromosome 21 was involved in all three cases. FISH with YAC probes showed that the number of extra copies varied according to their location on chromosome 21. Attention was focused on the AML1 gene, which was present as five copies in most of the cells exhibiting the marker chromosomes. As controls, 11 cases of childhood ALL were studied with PAC probes covering AML1. The results agreed with the banded karyotypes in 10 patients. FISH uncovered a clone with four copies of AML1 which were only observed by FISH analysis of interphase nuclei in one patient. No point mutation was detected in exons 3-5, encoding the runt domain of AML1, in the three cases, suggesting an oncogenic role of wild-type AML1 amplification.
Busson-Le Coniat
M
M
INSERM U434, CNRS SD No. 434, and Fondation Jean Dausset, Paris, France.
Nguyen Khac
F
F
Daniel
M T
MT
Bernard
O A
OA
Berger
R
R
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000235:genetics*; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C493728:RUNX1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors