title: Age, minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration, and minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration-awake.
abstract: Two defining effects of inhaled anesthetics (immobility in the face of noxious stimulation, and absence of memory) correlate with the end-tidal concentrations of the anesthetics. Such defining effects are characterized as MAC (the concentration producing immobility in 50% of patients subjected to a noxious stimulus) and MAC-Awake (the concentration suppressing appropriate response to command in 50% of patients; memory is usually lost at MAC-Awake). If the concentrations are monitored and corrected for the effects of age and temperature, the concentrations may be displayed as multiples of MAC for a standard age, usually 40 yr. This article provides an algorithm that might be used to produce such a display, including provision of an estimate of the effect of nitrous oxide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two defining effects of inhaled anesthetics (immobility in the face of noxious stimulation, and absence of memory) correlate with the end-tidal concentrations of the anesthetics. Thus, these defining effects may be monitored and the results displayed if the concentrations are known and corrected for the effects of age and temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0464, USA. egere@anesthesia.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Eger
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation