title: Inhibition of growth and metastases of MDA-MB-435 human estrogen-independent breast cancers by an antagonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone.
abstract: Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) inhibit the growth of various cancers by mechanism(s) that include the suppression of the insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-I and/or -II. In this study, nude mice bearing orthotopic implants of MDA-MB-435 human estrogen-independent breast carcinoma received 39 days of therapy with GH-RH antagonist JV-1-36 (20 microg/day). The treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth by 71.1% (p<0.01) and nullified the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-435 cells. Four of eight control mice (50%) developed metastases in the lymph nodes and one (12.5%) in the lung, but none of the animals receiving JV-1-36 showed metastatic spread. GH-RH antagonist JV-1-36 inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-435 cells in vitro, while IGF-I stimulated it. However, mRNA for IGF-I or -II was not detected in MDA-MB-435 cells, indicating that the suppression of autocrine IGFs may not be involved in the antiproliferative mechanism. Using ligand competition assays with (125)I-labeled GH-RH antagonist JV-1-42, specific high-affinity binding sites for GH-RH were found on tumor membranes. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the expression of mRNA for GH-RH receptor splice variant-1 in MDA-MB-435 tumors. Our results suggest that the antitumorigenic action of GH-RH antagonists on MDA-MB-435 breast cancer could be direct and mediated by tumoral GH-RH receptors.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1601 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112-1262, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chatzistamou
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Busto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Armatis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C403071:JV 1-36; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone