title: Sacral insufficiency fractures: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: Sacral insufficiency fractures (SIF) are a type of stress fracture that occur primarily in postmenopausal women. They were first described in 1982 by Lourie and have since been frequently overlooked as a cause of low back, buttock, or groin pain. We present two cases of SIF to demonstrate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with SIF. Both patients were elderly women with complaints of pelvic and low back pain in the absence of significant trauma. Physical examination was significant for marked sacral tenderness. Diagnostic imaging supported the diagnosis of SIF. Both patients underwent early rehabilitation, including early ambulation, and had good functional outcomes. These patients serve to illustrate how conservative treatment yields excellent clinical results in the majority of patients, with most reporting improvement within 1-2 weeks after fracture and complete resolution of symptoms after 6-12 months of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lachmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nagler
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D012447:Sacrum / Q000293:injuries*