title: Development of a field bioassay for the side-effects of herbicides on vascular plants using Brassica napus and Poa annua.
abstract: A field bioassay method has been developed for assessing side-effects of herbicides on Brassica napus and Poa annua. The test method aims at effects outside the target area, up to 20 m from the treated parcel. Experiments were conducted in the field and in a glasshouse with the herbicides atrazin, bentazone, diquat, glyphosate, and r(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid) MCPA. An iterative procedure was used with the aim of developing a sound test procedure. The resulting method appeared to be very sensitive. Pesticide drift was measured using water-sensitive paper. Effects were sometimes found below the detection limit of this method (at 8 m from the treated parcel with moderate wind speeds of 3-5 m/s). The sensitivity of the test and the test conditions are discussed and an optimized method is presented.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Environmental Science (CML), Leiden University, PO-Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands. frank.de.jong@rivm.nl
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Udo de Haes
mesh_terms: D000392:Air Movements; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000187:drug effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D006540:Herbicides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006540:Herbicides