title: [Frequency and etiology of azoospermia in the study of infertile couples].
abstract: One out of ten couples seek some kind of treatment for infertility of which males are infertile between 30-50%. Azoospermia has been reported in the range of 10 to 20% of cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 331 cases seen at the clinic of Reproductive Biology of the Hospital Juárez de México, SSA, from January 1993 through February 2000. 66 patients were found with azoospermia (19.93%). Studies performed were: seminogram, testicular and transrectal ultrasonography, cariotype, deferentovesiculography and testicular biopsy. Radioimmunoassay of gonadotropins (FSH, LH) and testosterone was also practiced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve patients (18.18%) were excluded either for desertion or incompletion of studies. The etiology of azoospermia of remainder 54 cases was: secretory (85.19%) of which 41.3% was idiopathic, 10.9% had germ cells aplasia, 10.9% varichocele, 10.9% Klinefelter syndrome. Secondary secreting azoospermia was found in two cases with Kallman's syndrome one patient had excretory and 7 obstructive azoospermia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Azoospermia was diagnosed in 19.93% (n = 54) with a mean age of 30 years. 85.19% had primary secretory azoospermia with FSH & LH hypergonadotropism in 85.8 and 56.4% respectively (p < 0.05). Obstructive azoospermia was seen in 12.96% and only one case (1.85%) presented excretory azoospermia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento Medicina de la Reproducción Humana, Dirección de Investigación y Enseñanza, Hospital Juárez de México, SSA., México, D.F.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hernández Uribe
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hernández Marín
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cervera-Aguilar
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ayala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies