title: Assessment of breast problems.
abstract: Patients with discrete breast lumps, irrespective of age, should be referred for assessment. Premenopausal women with equivocal lumps can be re-checked two weeks later and, if still present or dubious, sent to a breast clinic. Almost all women with breast pain do not need referral unless the symptoms are severe or prolonged. Careful examination will detect those individuals with underlying rib cage pain who can be reassured and given analgesics, if necessary, but not referred. Blood-containing nipple discharge is an indication for referral but such cases can be reassured that, in the absence of a lump, it is unlikely they have breast cancer. Most women who suspect their family history of breast cancer places them at increased risk can be safely reassured and do not need to be kept under surveillance. All those women who are eligible for the NHS screening programme should be encouraged to attend when invited.
authors.affiliation: Hedley Atkins Breast Unit, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Fentiman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamed
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000378:metabolism; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010375:Pedigree; D010808:Physical Examination