title: [Association between heroin consumption in pregnancy and structural abnormalities of the respiratory cilia in newborn infants].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe structural abnormalities of the respiratory cilia in newborn infants whose mothers consumed heroin during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 295 newborn infants whose mothers consumed heroin either throughout or at some time during pregnancy and who were cared for in Hospital del Mar in Barcelona (Spain) between January 1982 and December 1997 were reviewed. Seven infants with neonatal respiratory distress after the withdrawal syndrome period were selected. Diagnoses were established by electron microscopy of nasal mucosa samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All seven newborns with prolonged neonatal respiratory distress had ultrastructural abnormalities of the ciliary axoneme similar to those of primary ciliary dyskinesia or immotile cilia syndrome. The incidence of this alteration in this series was higher than that in the general population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a possible association between ultrastructural abnormalities of the ciliary axoneme and prolonged neonatal respiratory distress in the infants of heroin-consuming mothers.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neonatología. Servicio de Pediatría.Hospital del Mar. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. 17028@imas.imim.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mur Sierra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viñolas Tolosa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez García-Vao
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: García López
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Busquets Monge
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: García Algar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloreta Trull
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bargués Cardelús
mesh_terms: D002925:Ciliary Motility Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies