title: Tetradecylthioacetic acid reduces stenosis development after balloon angioplasty injury of rabbit iliac arteries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) is a synthetic long-chain fatty acid analogue that inhibits the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein particles in vitro. We examined the influence of TTA on the arterial wall response after balloon angioplasty injury in a rabbit iliac model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  14 rabbits were randomized to receiving either TTA fatty acids 800 mg daily perorally (weight 3.6+/-0.1 kg) or to normal diet (weight 3.5+/-0.5 kg, P=NS). Angioplasty was performed via right carotidotomy on both iliac arteries using an oversized balloon catheter, the TTA group being pretreated for 3 weeks. After angioplasty, the lumen diameter was 2.37+/-0.18 versus 2.36+/-0.13 mm for the TTA and control groups, respectively (P=NS). At 10 weeks follow-up angiography, minimal luminal diameter was 1.64+/-0.27 versus 1.13+/-0.52 mm for the TTA and control groups respectively (P<0.05). Histomorphometry did not show significant differences in intimal hyperplasia between the two groups (maximal intimal thickness 0.22+/-0.04 versus 0.19+/-0.10 mm, P=NS and intimal area 0.32+/-0.12 versus 0.36+/-0.23 mm(2), P=NS for the TTA and the control groups, respectively). In the heart, the sum of the n-3 fatty acids was 8.9+/-2.7 in the TTA group versus 4.3+/-0.2 mol% in the control group (P<0.05). The anti-inflammatory fatty acid index, calculated as (22:5 n-3+22:6 n-3+20:3 n-6)/20:4 n-6, was 0.76+/-0.10 vs. 0.25+/-0.03 for the TTA and control groups, respectively (P<0.05). In vitro TTA (100 microM) reduced the proliferation of human smooth muscle cell by more than 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  treatment with TTA is associated with positive arterial remodeling after angioplasty injury. The significance of the in vitro inhibition of human smooth muscle cell proliferation needs to be further elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. k.kui@haukeland.no
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kuiper
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Muna
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Erga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dyrøy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Berge
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nordrehaug
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002404:Catheterization; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D013440:Sulfides; C062078:1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane