title: Organizations and promoter analyses of the human and the mouse genes for PACT, the protein-activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR.
abstract: PACT is an activator of the protein kinase, PKR. Here we report the isolation and the characterization of the mouse Pact gene. It contains eight exons ranging in size from 79 to 630 bp spanning a region of 18 kb with the largest and smallest introns being 3700 and 500, respectively. The human PACT gene, as analyzed from sequence available in the GenBank database, has a very similar organization. The 5' flanking regions of both mouse and human PACT genes are devoid of TATA boxes but are rich in GC boxes. Although there are putative binding sites of numerous transcription factors on both promoters, their organizations and identities are different. For examining promoter activities, about 2 kb of DNA 5' to the transcription start sites of both genes was cloned upstream of a reporter luciferase gene. Transient transfection assays demonstrated that both promoters are strong. Deletion analyses revealed that most of the positive cis-elements lie within 400 bp upstream of the transcription start sites of both mouse and human PACT genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C104647:PRKRA protein, human; C119610:Prkra protein, mouse; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases