title: The cysteinyl leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist montelukast for the treatment of interstitial cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The presence of leukotriene D4 receptors in human detrusor myocytes and increased urinary leukotriene E4 in patients with interstitial cystitis and detrusor mastocytosis imply a role for cysteinyl containing leukotrienes as proinflammatory mediators in this disease. We examined the efficacy of the cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor antagonist montelukast for treating patients with interstitial cystitis and detrusor mastocytosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten women in whom interstitial cystitis was diagnosed according to National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases criteria and who also had detrusor mastocytosis with a minimum of 28 mast cells per mm.2 muscle tissue were included in this study. Patients received a single dose of montelukast daily for 3 months. The efficacy of treatment was determined by 24-hour urinary frequency, nocturia and pain using visual analog scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 month of montelukast treatment there was a statistically significant decrease in 24-hour urinary frequency, nocturia and pain which persisted during the 3 months of treatment. After 3 months 24-hour urinary frequency had decreased from 17.4 to 12 voidings (p = 0.009), nocturia had decreased from 4.5 to 2.8 (p = 0.019) and pain had decreased from 46.8 to 19.6 mm. on a visual analog scale (p = 0.006). No side effects were observed during treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Montelukast treatment resulted in significant improvement in urinary frequency and pain. Its efficacy for decreasing urinary frequency and pain imply a role of leukotriene receptor antagonists for managing interstitial cystitis but further placebo controlled clinical studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bouchelouche
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nordling
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hald
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bouchelouche
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008415:Mastocytosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013440:Sulfides; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast