Recent insights into poliovirus pathogenesis.
The development of a mouse model for poliomyelitis that is transgenic for the human poliovirus receptor (hPVR) has made it much easier to investigate the efficiency of the viral dissemination process in a whole organism. These studies have given an insight into the mechanisms of blood-brain barrier permeation and neural transport. Strain-specific neurovirulence levels, however, appear to depend mainly on the replicating capacity of the virus in the central nervous system rather than the dissemination efficiency. Studies of the poliovirus-induced cytopathic effects on neural cells and specific subcellular localization of hPVR isoforms might determine a new course of investigation of poliovirus pathogenesis.
Ohka
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Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Nomoto
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A
D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000209:etiology*; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics*
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C066100:poliovirus receptor