title: The effects of adding xylanase, vitamin C and copper sulphate to wheat-based diets on broiler performance.
abstract: 1. The study used a 3 x 3 factorial design to evaluate the effects of 3 additives (none; vitamin C [250 mg/kg]; copper sulphate [250 mg/kg]) and 3 enzyme additions (none; Avizyme 1300 [Finnfeeds Ltd, 1 g/kg in food]; Avizyme 1310 [liquid spray, post-pelleting, 0.5 g/kg]). All experimental diets were mixed, heat-conditioned (80 degrees C for 2 min) and pelleted. Copper sulphate (diets NCu; DCu; LCu) and Avizyme 1300 (diets DN; DC; DCu) were added during mixing. Vitamin C was sprayed at 10 ml per kg (diets NC; DC; LC) and the liquid enzyme was diluted 20-fold and sprayed at the same rate (diets LN; LC; LCu), post-pelleting. 2. Additive or enzyme addition did not significantly affect DM intake or liveweight gain (LWG). Enzyme addition improved gain:food (P=0.014), AME:GE (P<0.001), ileal apparent digestibility of DM (P=0.008) and starch (P<0.001), faecal apparent digestibility of starch, crude fat and NDF (P=0.008; <0.001; <0.001 respectively) and reduced in vivo viscosity (P<0.001). 3. Copper sulphate addition depressed gain:food (P=0.047), AME:GE (P=0.002), ileal apparent digestibility of starch (P<0.001) and faecal apparent digestibility of starch (P=0.003) and crude fat (P<0.001) due to a negative additive x enzyme interaction when copper sulphate and dry enzyme were included together. 4. Vitamin C decreased in vivo viscosity by 20% but failed to have any effect on performance. Both enzyme forms gave similar improvements in performance in the absence of copper sulphate.
authors.affiliation: The Queen's University of Belfast, England.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marron
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bedford
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: McCracken
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D019327:Copper Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D007082:Ileum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism*; D014783:Viscosity; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014995:Xylosidases; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D019327:Copper Sulfate; D001205:Ascorbic Acid