title: Tacrolimus (FK506) in the management of high-risk corneal and limbal grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and side effects of tacrolimus in the management of patients with high-risk corneal and limbal grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Noncomparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients (23 grafts) were treated with tacrolimus; 15 patients (20 host corneas) had two or more quadrants of stromal vascularization, 6 patients had stem cell deficiency, and 6 patients had glaucoma. Seven patients had received one previous graft, six patients had two previous grafts, and four patients had three previous grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with high-risk corneal and limbal grafts were treated with systemic tacrolimus at a mean optimum dosage of 4.4 mg daily (range, 2-12 mg daily).
  
  
  METHODS
  Graft survival, visual acuity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patient has had irreversible graft rejection while receiving tacrolimus. The follow-up period ranges from 12 to 46 months, with a mean of 24 months. Three patients have had reversible graft rejection associated with low tacrolimus levels. Nine patients have stopped treatment; two had reversible rejection within 2 months of stopping, and five grafts remain clear. The other four patients stopped treatment because of graft failure, which was not considered to be rejection related. Eight patients remain on treatment, and all have clear grafts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tacrolimus (FK506) is effective in prevention of rejection in patients with high-risk corneal and limbal grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, England.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sloper
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Dua
mesh_terms: D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating; D016850:Limbus Corneae / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016559:Tacrolimus