title: A motivational interviewing intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intake through Black churches: results of the Eat for Life trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reports on Eat for Life, a multicomponent intervention to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among African Americans that was delivered through Black churches.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen churches were randomly assigned to 3 treatment conditions: (1) comparison, (2) self-help intervention with 1 telephone cue call, and (3) self-help with 1 cue call and 3 counseling calls. The telephone counseling in group 3 was based on motivational interviewing. The primary outcome, assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up, was fruit and vegetable intake as assessed by 3 food frequency questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Change in fruit and vegetable intake was significantly greater in the motivational interviewing group than in the comparison and self-help groups. The net difference between the motivational interviewing and comparison groups was 1.38, 1.03, and 1.21 servings of fruits and vegetables per day for the 2-item, 7-item, and 36-item food frequency questionnaires, respectively. The net difference between the motivational interviewing and self-help groups was 1.14, 1.10, and 0.97 servings for the 2-item, 7-item, and 36-item food frequency questionnaires, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Motivational interviewing appears to be a promising strategy for modifying dietary behavior, and Black churches are an excellent setting to implement and evaluate health promotion programs.
authors.affiliation: Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. kresnic@sph.emory.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Resnicow
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Dudley
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baranowski
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D003376:Counseling; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010565:Persuasive Communication; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D014675:Vegetables / Q000627:therapeutic use