title: Impact of dialysis adequacy on cardiac function in pediatric CAPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with chronic renal failure. Uremia-related risk factors play a fundamental role in its occurrence, thus better prognosis and prolonged survival can be attained by successful dialytic therapies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether dialysis adequacy has a beneficial effect on cardiac structure and function in children receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study in the Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Unit of a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen children, aged 13.3 +/- 2.8 years, being treated with CAPD, and 20 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Echocardiographic evaluation was performed in all subjects. Dialysis adequacy indices [weekly urea (Kt/V) and creatinine clearance (TCCr)] were calculated in the dialysis group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thickness, LV mass index (LVMI), and LV end systolic and diastolic dimensions were all found to be significantly higher in the CAPD group compared to the control subjects (p < 0.01). Ejection fraction and fractional shortening of the LV were not significantly different between the two groups. Mean Kt/V was 2.02 +/- 0.71 and mean TCCr was 58 +/- 33 L/wk/1.73 m2. There were significant negative correlations between dialysis adequacy indices and LV end systolic and diastolic dimensions (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). Ejection fraction and fractional shortening were positively correlated with Kt/V (p < 0.01). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were positively correlated with LVMI (r= 0.501 and r = 0.523). Significant inverse correlations between mean arterial pressure and both Kt/V and TCCr (r = -0.555 and r = -0.520) were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data clearly document that cardiac structure and function are remarkably influenced by the uremic state and dialysis therapy in pediatric CAPD patients. The close relationships between echocardiographic findings and dialysis adequacy indices suggest that adequate dialysis has a beneficial effect on cardiac function via effective removal of toxic substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. sevcan@med.gazi.edu.tr
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bakkaloğlu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekim
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koçak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tümer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine