title: Analysis of the NF-kappa B and PI 3-kinase/Akt survival pathways in nerve growth factor-dependent neurons.
abstract: Nerve growth factor (NGF) readdition to NGF-deprived neurons can halt Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, cytochrome c release, and cell death through mechanisms that may involve phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase, Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). We found that expression of the NF-kappaB protein c-Rel in NGF-deprived neurons blocks cytochrome c release but does not inhibit c-Jun phosphorylation. Conversely, inhibition of NF-kappaB in NGF-maintained neurons promotes cytochrome c release and cell death. In contrast to c-Rel, activated PI 3-kinase and Akt inhibit c-Jun phosphorylation but have only a small effect on cytochrome c release. Finally, although c-Rel can protect neurons from death caused by inhibitors of PI 3-kinase or Akt, NF-kappaB function is not critical for Akt-promoted survival. These results suggest that the PI 3-kinase/Akt and NF-kappaB survival pathways target distinct cell death events in neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sarmiere
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat