title: Life span is prolonged in food-restricted autoimmune-prone (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice fed a diet enriched with (n-3) fatty acids.
abstract: Moderate food and/or energy (calorie) restriction delays age-related immune dysfunction and prolongs life span in multiple animal models. The amount and type of dietary fatty acids can also profoundly affect life span. Marine-derived fish oils contain (n-3) fatty acids, which have potent anti-inflammatory properties. We therefore examined the influence of food restriction (40% overall reduction in intake of all dietary components) combined with substitution of fish oil for corn oil in a factorial design. Autoimmune-prone (NZB x NZW)F(1) (B/W) mice, which develop fatal autoimmune renal disease, were used. The food-restricted/fish oil diet maximally extended median life span to 645 d (vs. 494 d for the food-restricted corn oil diet). Similarly, fish oil prolonged life span in the ad libitum-fed mice to 345 d (vs. 242 for the ad libitum/corn oil diet). Increased life span was partially associated with decreased body weight, blunting renal proinflammatory cytokine (interferon-gamma, interleukins-10 and -12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) levels and lower nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Reductions in NF-kappaB were preceded by enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. These findings demonstrate the profound additive effects of food restriction and (n-3) fatty acids in prolonging life span in B/W mice. These observations may have additional implications in the management of obesity, diabetes, cancer and/or the aging process.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muthukumar
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Avula
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Troyer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3