title: The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist repinotan HCl attenuates histopathology and spatial learning deficits following traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist Repinotan HCl (BAY x3702) has been reported to attenuate cortical damage and improve functional performance in experimental models of cerebral ischemia and acute subdural hematoma. Using a clinically relevant contusion model of traumatic brain injury, we tested the hypothesis that a 4-h continuous infusion of Repinotan HCl (10 microg/kg/h i.v.) commencing 5 min post-injury would ameliorate functional outcome and attenuate histopathology. Forty isoflurane-anesthetized male adult rats were randomly assigned to receive either a controlled cortical impact (2.7 mm tissue deformation, 4 m/s) or sham injury (Injury/Vehicle=10, Injury/MK-801=10, Injury/Repinotan HCl=10, Sham/Vehicle=10), then tested for vestibulomotor function on post-operative days 1-5 and for spatial learning on days 14-18. Neither Repinotan HCl nor the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK-801, which served as a positive control, improved vestibulomotor function on beam balance and beam walk tasks relative to the Injury/Vehicle group, but both did significantly attenuate spatial learning and memory deficits on a water maze task. Repinotan HCl also reduced hippocampal CA(1) and CA(3) neuronal loss, as well as cortical tissue damage, compared to the Injury/Vehicle group at 4 weeks post-trauma. No significant difference in histological outcome was revealed between the Repinotan HCl- and MK-801-treated groups.These findings extend the therapeutic efficacy of Repinotan HCl to a contusion model of experimental brain injury and demonstrate for the first time that 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists confer neuroprotection and attenuate spatial learning deficits following controlled cortical impact injury. This treatment strategy may be beneficial in a clinical context where memory impairments are common following human traumatic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kline
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Marion
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014726:Vestibular Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D013844:Thiazoles; C111221:repinotan hydrochloride; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate