title: Is upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy necessary in squamous carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the indication of upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus.
  
  
  METHODS
  49 patients underwent a curative oesophagectomy with upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus. Node status and clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  16 (94.1%) of 17 patients with superficial tumours had no positive node in the upper mediastinum. Nine (29.0%) of 31 patients with transmural tumours had positive nodes in the upper mediastinum (P = 0.04). Ten (20.4%) of 49 patients had many positive nodes in the upper mediastinum. Of these 10 patients, 6 patients had 5 or more positive nodes in all. The 5-year survival rate for patients with 5 or more positive nodes was 7.7%, which was significantly poorer than patients with 4 or fewer positive nodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy is unnecessary in most of the superficial squamous carcinomas of the lower thoracic oesophagus.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabira
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichimaru
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasunaga
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome