title: TNFalpha production by CD4(+) T cells predicts long-term increase in lesion load on MRI in MS.
abstract: Reliable laboratory prognostic factors for MS are still lacking. The predictive value of markers of T-cell activation for long-term disease progression was investigated. Flow cytometry measurements were correlated to changes in Expanded Disability Status Scale and MR T2 lesion load over 36 months in 14 patients with secondary progressive MS. A correlation was found between the percentage of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-producing CD4(+) T cells at baseline and the change in T2 lesion load during 3-year follow-up (r = 0.79, adjusted r(2) = 0.59, p = 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Killestein
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Kalkers
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meilof
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: van Lier
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Polman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha