Quantum phases of vortices in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates.
We investigate the ground states of weakly interacting bosons in a rotating trap as a function of the number of bosons, N, and the average number of vortices, N(V). We identify the filling fraction nu identical with N/N(V) as the parameter controlling the nature of these states. We present results indicating that, as a function of nu, there is a zero temperature phase transition between a triangular vortex lattice phase, and strongly correlated vortex liquid phases. The vortex liquid phases appear to be the Read-Rezayi parafermion states.
Cooper
N R
NR
Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
Wilkin
N K
NK
Gunn
J M
JM