title: Implantation of octacalcium phosphate nucleates isolated bone formation in rat skull defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous radiographic examinations have indicated that the synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) may provide the core for nucleating multiple osteogenic sites in the experimentally created cranial defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was designed to confirm the possibility that the implanted OCP causes the osteoinduction as well as the osteoconduction in the rat cranial defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized defects were created in male Wistar rat calvaria, and the OCP granules were implanted into the defect. The sham operated rats were processed in the same way except that nothing was implanted. The rats were fixed at 4 weeks after implantation of OCP or the sham operation. We examined bone formed on the implanted OCP, analyzing serial sections histologically combined with immunohistochemistry for the bone specific protein, osteocalcin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the defects treated with OCP, the radiopacity was scattered throughout the defect besides being observed along the defect margin of the parietal bone. Examination of the serial sections showed that some of new bones on the implanted OCP were formed away from the defect margin of the parietal bone with regard to both histological identification and specific molecular marker.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggested that the implanted OCP can serve as a core for initiating bone formation and cause the osteoinduction as well as the osteoconduction in the defect.
authors.affiliation: Division of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan. kamakura@mail.cc.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamakura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kagayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motegi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D015675:Osteocalcin; C022045:octacalcium phosphate