title: High-throughput genomic and proteomic analysis using microarray technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-density microarrays are ideally suited for analyzing thousands of genes against a small number of samples. The next step in the discovery process is to take the resulting genes of interest and rapidly screen them against thousands of patient samples, tissues, or cell lines to further investigate their involvement in disease risk or the response to medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a microarray technology platform for both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and protein expression. Each microarray contains up to 250 elements that can be customized for each application. Slides contained either a 16- or 96-microarray format (4000-24,000 elements per slide), allowing the corresponding number of samples to be rapidly processed in parallel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results for SNP genotyping and protein profiling agreed with results of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis or ELISA, respectively. Genotyping analyses, using the microarray technology, on large sample sets over multiple polymorphisms in the NAT2 gene were in full agreement with traditional methodologies, such as sequencing and RFLP analysis. The multiplexed protein microarray had correlation coefficients of 0.82-0.99 (depending on analyte) compared with ELISAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The integrated microarray technology platform is adaptable and versatile, while offering the high-throughput capabilities needed for drug development and discovery applications.
authors.affiliation: Genometrix Inc., 2700 Research Forest Dr., The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA.
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mehrens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilmore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lashkari
mesh_terms: D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression; D016678:Genome; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D020543:Proteome
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C478900:NAT2 protein, human