title: The T cell death knell: immune-mediated tumor death in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: The antitumor effect of T cells is executed either through CD95 or Perforin (PFN)/Granzyme B (GrB) pathways. Induction of apoptosis by either mode requires activation of caspase family members. However, recent studies have suggested that cell death can proceed in the absence of caspase induction and apoptotic events. We investigated the contribution of CD95 and PFN/GrB-mediated cytotoxicity to apoptotic and necrotic mechanisms of cell death in human renal cell carcinoma. Although freshly isolated and cultured tumors expressed CD95 on their surface, they were resistant to CD95-mediated apoptosis. CD95 resistance coincided with decreased levels of FADD protein and diminished caspase-3-like activity. In contrast, we demonstrated that tumor cell death mediated by PFN/GrB can be achieved in the absence of functional caspase activity and is accompanied by a dramatic accumulation of nonapoptotic necrotic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. R_Uzzo@fccc.edu
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Uzzo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kolenko
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Froelich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tannenbaum
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molto
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Novick
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Bander
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bukowski
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Finke
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009336:Necrosis; D054353:Perforin; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000494:pharmacology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C505533:FADD protein, human; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D019014:fas Receptor; D054353:Perforin; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases