title: Meta-analysis of systemic sclerosis and exposure to solvents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although systemic sclerosis is a rare disease, incidence rates have increased recently in the United States. This study investigated the association between systemic sclerosis and exposure to solvents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Medline search of articles published between 1966 and 2000 dealing with solvent exposure and systemic sclerosis identified eight studies that met inclusion criteria of the meta-analysis. The studies included seven case-control studies and one cohort study published between 1989 and 1998. A series of meta-analyses of studies on systemic sclerosis and solvent exposure were performed for all studies and for case-control studies. A random effect model was used to calculate a combined estimator of relative risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined estimator of relative risk for all studies was 2.91, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.60 to 5.30. The combined estimator of relative risk for the seven case-control studies was 3.14 (95% CI, 1.56-6.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A statistically significant increased relative risk for all studies and for case-control studies suggests that exposure to organic solvent may be a risk factor for developing systemic sclerosis. Further studies using other study designs and better control of confounders are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43614-5809, USA.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Aryal
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khuder
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Schaub
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents