title: Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum reduces levels of TNF-a mRNA in the brain, liver, and peritoneum in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokines are important regulators of the biological response to surgical stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether the CO(2) pneumoperitoneum would change the expression of TNF-a mRNA in the visceral organs, including the brain, in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were randomly assigned to one of six groups: control, anesthesia alone, insufflation with carbon dioxide, insufflation with air, laparotomy by short incision, or laparotomy by long incision. The brain, liver, jejunum, and peritoneum were harvested either 3 or 24 h after surgery. Levels of TNF-a mRNA in each tissue was measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The air insufflation group showed higher TNF-a mRNA levels in the brain and liver than the short-incision group. Levels of TNF-a mRNA in the brain, liver, and peritoneum were lower in the CO(2) pneumoperitoneum group than in the air insufflation group. Plasma IL-6 and catecholamine in the urine were lower in the CO(2) pneumoperitoneum group than the air insufflation group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced synthesis of TNF-a in the visceral organs, including the brain, is correlated with a less marked biologic response to laparoscopic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tajiri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirouzu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D007327:Insufflation / Q000009:adverse effects; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002245:Carbon Dioxide