title: The maternal effect gene, abnormal oocyte (abo), of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a specific negative regulator of histones.
abstract: The abnormal oocyte (abo) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is a peculiar maternal effect gene whose mutations cause a maternal-effect lethality that can be rescued by specific regions of heterochromatin during early embryogenesis. Here we show that abo encodes an evolutionary conserved chromosomal protein that localizes exclusively to the histone gene cluster and binds to the regulatory regions of such genes. We also show a significant increase of histone transcripts in eggs of abo mutant mothers and a partial rescue of the abo maternal-effect defect by deficiencies of the histone gene cluster. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the Abo protein functions specifically as a negative regulator of histone transcription and propose a molecular model to account for the ability of heterochromatin to partially rescue the abo maternal-effect defect. Our model proposes that increased doses of specific heterochromatic regions titrate out abnormally high levels of histones present in embryos from mutant abo mothers and that a balanced pool of histones is critical for normal embryogenesis in Drosophila.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Genetica, Università di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berloco
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fanti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Breiling
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pimpinelli
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017344:Genes, Insect; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: C439988:ABO protein, Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006657:Histones; D019476:Insect Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins