title: Factors associated with the occurrence and magnitude of earthquake-induced increases in blood pressure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blood pressure increases transiently after a major earthquake, but the characteristics and the mechanism of this increase are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 124 elderly hypertensive outpatients from two clinics near the epicenter of the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake (7.2 on the Richter scale) for whom ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and assessment of end-organ damage had been performed before the earthquake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 1 to 2 weeks after the earthquake, while major aftershocks persisted, mean (+/- SD) systolic blood pressure was 14 +/- 16 mm Hg greater and mean diastolic blood pressure was 6 +/- 10 mm Hg greater, but these values returned to baseline by 3 to 5 weeks after the earthquake. The earthquake-induced increase in blood pressure correlated significantly with the "white coat" effect ([clinic systolic blood pressure minus 24-hour systolic blood pressure] r = 0.34, P <0.001), body mass index (r = 0.28, P <0.001), and age (r = 0.24, P <0.01). The earthquake-induced blood pressure increase was prolonged in patients with microalbuminuria for at least 2 months after the earthquake, whereas it was less pronounced in patients who had been treated with an alpha-blocker and in patients with diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These elderly patients with hypertension had a substantial increase in blood pressure after a major earthquake; the increase was usually transient, except in patients who had microalbuminuria. The correlation with white-coat hypertension suggests that both phenomena are related to sympathetic activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology (KK, KS), Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kario
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Pickering
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D004190:Disasters; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology