title: The long-term antinociceptive effect of intrathecal S(+)-ketamine in a patient with established morphine tolerance.
abstract: Our report describes for the first time the continuous long-term intrathecal application of S(+)-ketamine in a patient with chronic pain and morphine tolerance. Intrathecally applied S(+)-ketamine led to a significant pain reduction and consecutively reduced the doses of intrathecal morphine required for pain relief even several weeks after the cessation of the 24-day period of intrathecal S(+)-ketamine administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care B, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. sabine.sator@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sator-Katzenschlager
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deusch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spacek
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kress
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001416:Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D007649:Ketamine; D009020:Morphine