title: In-vitro and in-vivo immunomodulatory effects of syringin.
abstract: Syringin was found to possess immunomodulatory activity by which it inhibited the in-vitro immunohaemolysis of antibody-coated sheep erythrocytes by guinea-pig serum through suppression of C3-convertase of the classical complement. In this study, we examined its in-vitro and in-vivo activity on tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NO) production, CD4+ T cell and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTLL-2) proliferation, and croton oil-, arachidonic acid- and fluorescein-isothiocynate (FITC)-induced mouse ear oedema model. Syringin significantly inhibited both TNF-alpha production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and CD8+ T cell (CTLL-2) proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, whereas neither NO production nor CD4+ T cell proliferation were blocked even by high concentrations of syringin. In the invivo experiments, syringin also significantly suppressed FITC-induced ear oedema in mice but not the ear oedema induced by croton or arachidonic acid. These results suggest that syringin may be implicated as an immunomodulator having an anti-allergic effect rather than an anti-inflammatory effect. The anti-allergic effect of syringin seems to be due, in part, to inhibition of TNF-alpha production and cytotoxic T cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: R & D Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Korea. jae.cho@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012756:Sheep; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D005960:Glucosides; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C028305:syringin