title: Long-term follow-up of thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy for chronic pancreatitis pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy (SPL) has been reported to give excellent short-term pain relief in chronic pancreatitis. This study prospectively evaluates the long-term efficacy of SPL in pancreatitis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chronic pancreatitis patients with severe pain unrelieved by standard therapy completed a standard 10-point analogue pain scale prior to surgery and at postoperative visits. Midline and left-sided pain was treated with left SPL; right-sided pain was treated with right SPL. If pain recurred on the contralateral side, contralateral SPL was done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen patients underwent SPL. Eleven of them required narcotics preoperatively. Follow-up is complete and ranges from 4.2 to 6.1 years (median, 5.75). All patients had constant pain prior to surgery. Following SPL, it decreased in the short term to a mean of 3.9 attacks a month. At long-term follow-up, the mean number of attacks was 8.6 per month. Preoperatively, the mean score for worst pain within the last 2 months was 9.1. This score decreased to 3.9, but at long-term follow-up it had increased to near preoperative values (8.6). Current severity of pain decreased from 7.2 preoperatively to 2.9 at short-term follow-up, but at long-term follow-up it had increased. The degree of disability decreased from 9.1 preoperatively to 5.1 at short-term follow-up, but in the long term it increased toward preoperative values. Although eight patients were narcotic free at early follow-up, only three remained narcotic free in the long-term.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracoscopic SPL offers short-term relief of pain from chronic pancreatitis, but the relief is not durable in most cases. Similarly, there are short-term improvements in degree of disability, mood, and freedom from narcotic use that are not sustained in the long-term. Nevertheless, two-thirds of patients stated that they would have the surgery again.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. james-maher@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Johlin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heitshusen
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013153:Splanchnic Nerves / Q000601:surgery*; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome