Attractants from Bartlett pear for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), larvae.
The alkyl ethyl and methyl esters of (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoic acid found in head-space samples of ripe Bartlett pear (Pyrus communis L.) stimulated a response from neonate larvae of the codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L.), in both static-air Petri-plate and in upwind Y-tube and straight-tube olfactometer bioassays. In comparison with the known CM neonate attractant, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate was attractive at 10-fold and 1,000-fold lower threshold dosages in the Petri-plate and in the Y-tube bioassays, respectively. Methyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate was attractive to CM neonates in these bioassays at much higher doses than ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate. Other principal head-space volatiles from ripe pear fruit and pear leaves, including butyl acetate, hexyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and (E)-beta-ocimene, were not attractive to CM neonates. The potential uses of these pear kairomones for monitoring and control of CM in walnuts and apple are discussed.
Knight
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USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA. aknight@yarl.ars.usda.gov
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D000818:Animals; D003651:Decanoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva; D009036:Moths / Q000502:physiology*; D009812:Odorants; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010675:Pheromones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D003651:Decanoates; D004952:Esters; D010675:Pheromones