title: Different times of withdrawal from cocaine administration cause changes in muscarinic and dopaminergic receptors in rat premotor cortex.
abstract: The present work studied neurochemical changes in rat premotor cortex 30 min, 1 and 5 days after withdrawal from cocaine repeated administration (20 and 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, daily for 7 days). Binding assays were performed in 10% homogenates, and ligands used were [(3)H]-N-methylscopolamine, [(3)H]-SCH 23390, and [(3)H]-spiroperidol for muscarinic, D(1)- and D(2)-like receptors, respectively. Levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were determined using a commercial kit. Scatchard analyses of muscarinic receptors showed an upregulation after 1 and 5 days withdrawal. While D(2)-like receptors were upregulated at all withdrawal periods, D(1)-like receptors were upregulated only at the 30 min withdrawal, and returned to normal levels after 1 day of the last injection. In relation to cAMP levels, the repeated cocaine administration, 1 day after the last injection produced a decrease (around 26%) with both doses, while a 67% increase was seen in cGMP levels with the 30 mg/kg dose. These findings indicate lasting neurochemical changes in premotor cortex caused by cocaine which remained after different withdrawal periods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo 1127, Fortaleza 60431-970, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Macêdo
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Viana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D003042:Cocaine