title: Norway: water and class in nineteenth-century psychiatry.
abstract: Water has long been considered an effective means of therapy for mental disorders. Its use, however, was divided along class lines during the nineteenth century. After presenting a brief background of the general conditions of the insane in Norway around the mid-nineteenth century when modern psychiatry entered the scene, I will present some examples of developments in hydrotherapy--fashionable bath resorts for the rich, and the use of prolonged baths as coercive treatment for asylum paupers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Criminology, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Blomberg
mesh_terms: D001494:Baths / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D006875:Hydrotherapy / Q000266:history*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000266:history*; D009664:Norway; D012923:Social Class