title: Serotonin depletion attenuates cocaine seeking but enhances sucrose seeking and the effects of cocaine priming on reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute serotonin (5-HT) depletion by the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, para-chlorophenylalanine, attenuates cocaine seeking in rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined the effects of chronic 5-HT depletion on cocaine- and sucrose seeking using the 5-HT-selective neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Separate groups of rats were trained to lever press for cocaine infusions (0.33 mg/kg/0.1 ml, i.v.) or for sucrose pellets (45 mg Noyes) on a fixed ratio (FR) 1 schedule of reinforcement during daily 2-h sessions. Subsequently, animals received i.c.v. infusions of either vehicle or 5,7-DHT (150 microg/6 microl or 200 microg/20 microl). After a minimum of 10 days post-lesion, cocaine- and sucrose seeking were measured as lever presses in the absence of reinforcement (extinction). Some cocaine-trained animals were also assessed for the re-establishment of self-administration and reinstatement of extinguished cocaine seeking by i.v. cocaine priming injections and response-contingent presentations of cocaine-paired stimuli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  5-HT depletion by the 150 microg/6 microl dose of 5,7-DHT failed to alter cocaine- and sucrose seeking despite producing a 42-77% depletion of 5-HT in limbic terminal regions. The 200 microg/20 microl dose of 5,7-DHT attenuated cocaine seeking but enhanced sucrose seeking during extinction and produced a 55-85% depletion of 5-HT. In addition, cocaine-paired cues and cocaine priming reinstated cocaine-seeking behavior, and responding was enhanced in 5,7-DHT-treated animals relative to vehicle-treated controls at the 1 mg/kg/0.1 ml priming dose. However, re-establishment of cocaine self-administration was not altered by 5,7-DHT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that 5-HT depletion may attenuate cocaine seeking but may enhance sucrose seeking when animals are tested during extinction. Furthermore, 5-HT depletion may enhance cocaine seeking produced by cocaine itself. Together these findings suggest that 5-HT depletion may have opposite effects on incentive motivation for cocaine during abstinence versus relapse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA. lytran@mail.mc.maricopa.edu
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tran-Nguyen
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bellew
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Grote
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Neisewander
mesh_terms: D015116:5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012646:Self Administration; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013395:Sucrose; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D015116:5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; D012701:Serotonin; D013395:Sucrose; D003042:Cocaine