title: Synthetic low-calcaemic vitamin D(3) analogues inhibit secretion of insulin-like growth factor II and stimulate production of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-6 in conjunction with growth suppression of HT-29 colon cancer cells.
abstract: The aims of the present study were to compare the ability of various synthetic analogues of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1 alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] to inhibit proliferation of HT-29 cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. HT-29 cells were incubated for 144 h with various concentrations (0-100 nM) of 1 alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3), or the analogues EB1089, CB1093 or 1 beta,25-(OH)(2)D(3). All these analogues except 1 beta,25-(OH)(2)D(3) inhibited cell proliferation, but relative potencies and efficacies of EB1089 and CB1093 were much greater than that of the native vitamin. Cells grew in serum-free medium, reaching a plateau density at day 10 of culture, and addition of 10 nM 1 alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3) or 1 beta,25-(OH)(2)D(3) did not alter the long-term growth characteristics of HT-29 cells. However, cells treated with 10 nM EB1089 or CB1093 grew at a rate slower than control and reached final densities that were 53+/-1 and 36+/-2% lower than control, respectively. Immunoblot analysis of serum-free conditioned medium using a monoclonal anti-insulin-like growth factor-(IGF)-II antibody showed that both 10 nM EB1089 and CB1093 markedly inhibited secretion of both mature 7500 M(r) and higher M(r) forms of IGF-II. Ligand blot and immunoblot analyses of conditioned media revealed the presence of IGFBPs of M(r) 24,000 (IGFBP-4), 30,000 (glycosylated IGFBP-4), 35,000 (IGFBP-2) and 32,000-34,000 (IGFBP-6). The level of IGFBP-2 was decreased by 42+/-8 and 49+/-7% by 10 nM EB 1089 and CB1093, respectively, compared to controls. IGFBP-6 was increased approximately twofold by EB1089 and CB1093, and exogenously added IGFBP-6 inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation. These results suggest that inhibition of HT-29 cell proliferation by EB1089 and CB1093 may be attributed, at least in part, to the decreased secretion of IGF-II. The increase in IGFBP-6 concentration coupled with its high affinity for IGF-II may also contribute to decreased cellular proliferation by an indirect mechanism involving sequestration of endogenously produced IGF-II.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences and Institute of Environment and Life Science, Hallym University, 1 Okchon Dong, Chunchon, 200-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Schaffer
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Binderup
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018976:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D018976:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II