title: Phrenology as clinical neuroscience: how American academic physicians in the 1820s and 1830s used phrenological theory to understand neurological symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212-2637, USA.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Freemon
mesh_terms: D015510:Clinical Medicine / Q000266:history*; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000266:history*; D010792:Phrenology / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States