title: Presenting features of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and rheumatoid arthritis with PMR-like onset: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in a prospective study whether patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with PMR-like onset show distinctive clinical and laboratory features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 116 consecutive patients with bilateral girdle pain for at least one month and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was studied and followed up for 12 months. Laboratory tests included determination of ESR, IgM rheumatoid factor, haemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, percentage of CD8 lymphocytes, serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and glutamyltransferase concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At first examination, RA was diagnosed in 22/116 (19%) patients and PMR in 94 (81%) patients. During the follow up period, 19 additional patients developed RA, and the diagnosis of PMR was confirmed in 65 (56%) patients at the end of the study. Of the clinical and laboratory features, only the presence of peripheral synovitis could differentiate patients who will develop RA from those with "true" PMR, but the positive predictive value of this feature was poor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At present, there are no clinical or routine laboratory features allowing early differentiation between PMR and RA with PMR-like onset.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Reumatologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy. caporali@smatteo.pv.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caporali
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montecucco
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Epis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bobbio-Pallavicini
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cimmino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011111:Polymyalgia Rheumatica / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000097:blood; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014166:Transferases / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D012217:Rheumatoid Factor; D014166:Transferases; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase