title: Kinetics of leukocyte and myeloid cell traffic in the murine corneal allograft response.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little information exists on the trafficking of myeloid and lymphoid cells between the transplanted cornea and the secondary lymphoid tissue. This study reports on changes in the cornea and the draining lymph node (DLN) from the time of graft emplacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a mouse corneal graft model (C57BL/10Sn to BALB/c), eyes and submandibular DLN were examined by immunohistochemistry and three-color flow cytometry for evidence of T cell activation and dendritic cell (DC) conditioning (up-regulation of costimulatory molecules) at various times (15 min to 24 days; n=4 for each time).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the DLN, early (2 hr) DC conditioning was sustained throughout allograft rejection whereas a remarkable drop in percentage of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (P <0.001) was followed by a biphasic rise in activated CD4+ and, to a lesser extent, CD8+ T cells (24 hr, P <0.001 and 6 days, P <0.01). CD11b+ and MOMA-2+ macrophages, MHC Class II+ cells, CD86+ DC, and neutrophils were the earliest cells infiltrating the cornea (at 24 hr), whereas T cells appeared after 2 days, with CD4+ T cells being confined largely to the graft recipient border.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immediate and rapid changes in T cell and DC populations in the DLN correlate with the type of cellular infiltration in the corneal graft. The data are consistent with a model in which CD4+ T cell help for CD8+ cytotoxic T cells could be provided by sequential two-way activation of T cells and DC in the DLN. The majority of cells infiltrating the graft were macrophages and neutrophils, with fewer DC and T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuffová
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lumsden
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veselá
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filipec
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Holán
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Forrester
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016039:Corneal Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic