title: Fluoride release from new light-cured orthodontic bonding agents.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the rates of fluoride release with time from 1 nonfluoridated and 3 fluoride-containing orthodontic bonding materials in distilled water and artificial saliva. Materials tested were Assure (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill), Fuji Ortho LC (GC, Tokyo, Japan), Python (TP Orthodontics, LaPorte, Ind), and Transbond XT (3M Dental Products, Monrovia, Calif). Ten specimens of each material type were stored in distilled water, and 10 of each type were stored in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C. Fluoride release was measured with an ion-specific electrode. Readings were taken periodically for a total time period of 6 months. At day 1, Assure released the most fluoride into distilled water (66.2 microg/cm(2)) and into artificial saliva (65.8 microg/cm(2)), followed by Fuji Ortho LC (25.9 microg/cm(2); 18.8 microg/cm(2)), Python (6.3 microg/cm(2); 4.2 microg/cm(2)), and Transbond (0.1 microg/cm(2); 0.1 microg/cm(2)). The fluoride release rates were highest during the first days of testing, declining to lower but more stable levels. At the end of 6 months, Fuji Ortho LC released the most fluoride (3.8 microg/cm(2); 3.5 microg/cm(2)) followed by Assure (3.1 microg/cm(2); 2.8 microg/cm(2)), Python (2.6 microg/cm(2); 1.7 microg/cm(2)), and Transbond (0.1 microg/cm(2); 0.1 microg/cm(2)). The type of storage medium did not dramatically affect fluoride release. The second part of the study, undertaken after a year of sample storage, tested the 20 samples of Assure for a further 2-week period, after exposure to running and still distilled water. Although fluoride release rates declined with time, they were still higher than the 1.5 microg/cm(2) level that is referenced as inhibiting decalcification of enamel in a clinical environment. Release rates were similar in running and still water at all time points. Throughout the 6-month period, all 3 fluoride-containing materials had rates of fluoride release that could theoretically inhibit decalcification of enamel.
authors.affiliation: Section of Orthodontics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wiltshire
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dawes
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lavelle
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D008027:Light; D008422:Materials Testing; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; C438705:Assure cement; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D020770:Compomers; D003738:Dental Cements; C095451:Fuji Ortho LC; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C438723:Python cement; D019279:Resin Cements; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D014867:Water; C065742:Transbond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D005459:Fluorides