title: Long-term evaluation of extended thymectomy with anterior mediastinal dissection for myasthenia gravis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thymectomy for the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) is well established. The extent of resection, however, remains a source for debate. Outcomes for newer surgical techniques need to be compared to more extensive procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was done of 64 consecutive patients who underwent transsternal thymectomy with extended anterior mediastinal dissection for MG between 1979 and 2000 and who were operated on by a single surgeon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six patient charts were available, providing 58 operative procedures. Three patients had died of unrelated causes. The mean age of symptom onset was 36.0 +/- 2.5 years, with a mean duration of 3.3 +/- 0.5 years until surgery was undertaken. The mean length of follow-up was 6.8 +/- 0.8 years. Operative procedures were associated with a 10.3% major morbidity rate and no mortality. Drug-free remission was achieved in 50.0% of the patients, and symptoms were absent or improved in 76.8% of the patients. Patients followed up long-term (>10 years) achieved the greatest remission rate (71.4%) and symptomatic improvement (85.7%). After thymectomy, the mean dosages of prednisone and Mestinon decreased by 69.3% and 58.8%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extended thymectomy provides excellent overall symptom improvement, which is enhanced over time. This review provides a basis for long-term comparison with other less invasive and perhaps less extensive procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0558, USA.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nussbaum
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Quinlan
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000601:surgery*; D013934:Thymectomy