title: [The price of the drugs in Rome: economy and pharmacy from 1700 till 1870].
abstract: Since the Middle Ages pharmacists had played an important role as producers and retailers of drugs, many of them exotic and precious. Proof is the resignation of the church of San Lorenzo by Martin V to the guild of apothecaries. 100 years later, Pope Clemens VII introduced the principle of drug taxes. The first roman tax was published in 1558. Until Garibaldi overthrew the papal state in 1870, these principles had remained the same, only to be interrupted by the French occupation at the beginning of the 19th century. An analysis of the drug prices shows the general development of drug costs between 1700 and 1854, the prices and the drug trade in particular being especially dependent on strong political tendencies. The introduction of new drugs and the omission of old ones had a remarkable effect on the costs, a fact which is represented by a study about the development of the prices comparing different drug groups. A further comparison between the wages and the cost of living explains why mainly members of the higher social classes could afford to buy drugs in pharmacies. This economical study of taxes emphasizes the fact that drugs, in regard to their development in prices, can hardly be compared to other goods.
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Histoire de la Medecine, Universite de Berne, CH.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lederman
mesh_terms: D003132:Commerce / Q000266:history*; D017850:Economics, Pharmaceutical / Q000266:history*; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D007558:Italy; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000266:history*; D014504:Urban Health / Q000266:history
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
vernacular_title: Le prix des medicaments a Rome: economie et pharmacie de 1700 a 1870.