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By studying the etiology and the causalities of the cholera breaking out in the German cities since the 1830s the young scientific discipline "Hygiene" tried to influence urban administrations to prevent the contamination of the soil with human excrements. Most of the Hygienists followed the theory developed by Max von Pettenkofer, the first German professor of Hygiene, that the soiling was the causing factor of most of the intestinal diseases. This theory based on the hypothesis of a prerequisite fermentation of a germ in the soil before being capable to produce disease in a susceptible individual. According to this - never irrefutably proved - theory the cities should be aware of the condition of soil (Bodenbeschaffenheit), whereas the pollution of the running water was not considered to be dangerous by reason of the supposed self-purification of running streams.
Weyer-von Schoultz
M
M
Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf.
D015984:Causality; D002771:Cholera / Q000266:history*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000266:history*; D015981:Epidemiologic Factors; D005858:Germany; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health / Q000266:history; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000266:history; D012987:Soil; D014504:Urban Health / Q000266:history*; D014867:Water
D012987:Soil; D014867:Water
Hygiene et Assainissement des Villes: zur wissenschaftlichen Begrundung der 'Stadthygiene' des 19. Jahrhunderts und deren Konsequenzen.