title: Blood and alveolar lymphocyte subsets in pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection after lung transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis has been shown to be associated with lymphocytic alveolitis after lung transplantation. In the present study, we investigated a series of bronchoalveolar (BAL) and blood samples, collected in the absence of rejection or acute infectious episodes. in order -1: to evaluate intra-alveolar cell population changes concomitant with CMV replication and -2: to reappraise the value of cell population analysis in the management of patients after lung transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used flow cytometry to investigate modifications of lymphocyte subpopulations related to pulmonary cytomegalovirus infections in blood and BAL samples from a series of 13 lung transplant recipients. After exclusion of samples obtained during pulmonary rejection, bronchiolitis obliterans or acute bacterial infection, 48 blood and BAL samples were retained for analysis: 17 were CMV positive by shell-vial assay and 31 were CMV negative in blood and BAL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrate that pulmonary CMV infection is associated with a significant increase in the total lymphocyte population in BAL samples, but with minor modifications of the various lymphocyte subpopulations and a significantly higher absolute number of B lymphocytes in blood samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytomegalovirus pulmonary infection is accompanied by only minor changes in BAL lymphocyte subpopulations. The study of BAL lymphocyte subpopulations therefore appears to be of limited clinical value in the diagnosis of pulmonary CMV infection. However, increased blood B-lymphocytes seems to be a clinical feature associated with CMV infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Histologie-Biologie Tumorale, AP-HP Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine 75020 Paris, France. francois.stephan@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stéphan
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bernaudin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cesari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fajac
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grenet D
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caubarrere
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology