title: Prolonged anesthesia with desflurane and fentanyl in dogs during conventional and laparoscopic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of prolonged anesthesia with desflurane in dogs undergoing laparotomy or abdominal laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 adult mixed-breed dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups with 10 dogs/group. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with desflurane and fentanyl, and pyloroplasty was performed. In 10 dogs, a ventral midline laparotomy was performed; in the other 10, abdominal laparoscopy was performed. Dogs were monitored for cardiovascular and respiratory responses (ECG, oxygen saturation [SpO2], arterial blood pressure, rectal temperature, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide [PETCO2], and expired desflurane concentration). Recovery times were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SD duration of anesthesia was 201 +/- 25 minutes for dogs undergoing laparotomy and 287 +/- 15 minutes for dogs undergoing laparoscopy. Anesthesia was accompanied by hypotension that was less severe in dogs undergoing laparoscopy. Heart rate did not vary significantly during anesthesia. The SpO2 was > 97% in all dogs at all times, and PETCO2 remained within reference limits. Recovery times for dogs that underwent laparotomy were not significantly different from those for dogs that underwent laparoscopy. Mean +/- SD time to standing was 13.6 +/- 2.4 minutes for dogs that underwent laparotomy and 12.5 +/- 2.9 minutes for dogs that underwent laparoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that induction of anesthesia with propofol and maintenance with desflurane and fentanyl is safe in dogs undergoing abdominal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ezquerra
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Carrasco
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Usón-Gargallo
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077335:Desflurane; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000662:veterinary; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D015742:Propofol; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol