title: Albert Wilmarth's nineteenth century study of Down's syndrome in America: the work of a neuropathologist, asylum superintendent and eugenicist.
abstract: Albert Wilmarth was an influential physician in nineteenth century America. His works in asylum management, eugenics and neuropathology were intimately interrelated, and his conception of people with Down's syndrome and how they should be treated were largely a product of these relationships. While many of his activities may be perceived in a negative way today, he should be credited with having discovered vasculitis in the brains of people with Down's syndrome during his pathological studies, a condition which is now perceived as autoimmune.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zihni
mesh_terms: D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000266:history*; D005053:Eugenics / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000266:history*; D006801:Humans; D009462:Neurology / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States