title: Breast disease and undergraduate medical education: a randomized trial to assess the effect of a home study module on medical student performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of a home study module (HSM) on student performance at a large urban medical school.
  
  
  METHODS
  Second-year students were randomized to receive: 1) a HSM in addition to regular teaching of clinical breast examination or, 2) the regular teaching alone. The HSM included adult learning principles, problem-based learning, and practice guidelines. Students completed a pretest, a post-test, and course evaluation. The pre- and post-tests examined students' knowledge and comfort levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 176 students, 136 agreed to participate and 127 completed both pre- and post-tests. Baseline pretest indicated no significant difference between the intervention and control groups. Post-test showed that students receiving the HSM gained significantly more knowledge than had the control group, and their comfort levels shifted nonsignificantly more. Student evaluations indicated perceived value of the HSM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Student performance can be enhanced and comfort levels increased by providing a critical core of knowledge in the form of a HSM. This approach may be applicable to other important subjects.
authors.affiliation: Sunnybrook and Women's Health Sciences Centre, Department of Family and Community Medicine Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chart
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franssen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Darling
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macphail
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tipping
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poldre
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002170:Canada; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010173:Palpation; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D012577:Schools, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires