title: Industrial ecology: an emerging management science.
abstract: Pollution is a complex equation, compounded by population, rate of consumption, and toxic emissions per unit of resource consumed. This article defines industrial ecology as a management science that focuses a corporation's expertise on the third variable. Thus, industrial ecology is involved with changing the efficiency of machines, not just changing the law or a firm's compliance strategy. This article also explores how this emphasis allows a profoundly different orientation than the end-of-the-pipe regulatory approach of the last 20 yr.
authors.affiliation: Center for Science and Technology Policy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piasecki