title: Minimally invasive coronary bypass without general endotracheal anesthesia.
abstract: This report describes the case of a 51-year-old man with myocardial ischemia resulting from in-stent restenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery who underwent a minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass using thoracic epidural analgesia while awake, without general endotracheal anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. zenatim@msx.upmc.edu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zenati
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paiste
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strindberg
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dumouchel
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000770:Anesthesia, Endotracheal; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D012086:Reoperation; D015607:Stents