title: Is deep hypothermia necessary for unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion during circulatory arrest? A magnetic resonance study in a pig model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Localized (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to investigate whether unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (U-ACP) could maintain normal energy metabolism and intracellular pH (pHi) in both hemispheres of the brain during deep (15 degrees C) and moderate (28 degrees C) hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven pigs were exposed to 120 min of U-ACP during HCA at 15 degrees C (group I, n=6) or 28 degrees C (group II, n=5), followed by 60 min of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at 37 degrees C. Localized (31)P MR spectra were acquired every 30 min. Histopathology was performed at the completion of each experiment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MR recorded no changes in energy metabolites (phosphocreatine and ATP), or pHi during U-ACP in either group, and no significant differences were found in any of the energy metabolites or pHi between the left and right hemispheres. Histopathology showed no significant morphological changes in the neurons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During either deep or moderate HCA, unilateral ACP through the right axillary artery prevents ischemic events in both hemispheres of normal pig brains. Deep hypothermia may not be necessary when using U-ACP.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, 435 Ellice Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. jian.ye@nrc.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deslauriers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013552:Swine