title: Chimeric papillomavirus-like particles expressing a foreign epitope on capsid surface loops.
abstract: Neutralization capsid epitopes are important determinants for antibody-mediated immune protection against papillomavirus (PV) infection and induced disease. Chimeric L1 major capsid proteins of the human PV type 16 (HPV-16) and the bovine PV type 1 (BPV-1) with a foreign peptide incorporated into several capsid surface loops self-assembled into pentamers or virus-like particles (VLP). Binding patterns of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAb) and immunization of mice confirmed (i) that regions around aa 282-286 and 351-355 contribute to neutralization epitopes and identified the latter region as an immunodominant site and (ii) that placing a foreign peptide in the context of an assembled structure markedly enhanced its immunogenicity. Pentamers disassembled from wild-type HPV-16 and BPV-1 VLPs displayed some of the neutralization epitopes that were detected on fully assembled VLPs, but were deficient for binding a subset of neutralizing MAb that inhibit cell attachment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slupetzky
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafti-Keramat
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grassauer
authors.affiliation: Center for Ultrastructure Research and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Molecular Nanotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gregor Mendel Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria3.
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID)1, and Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology2, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kirnbauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D052688:Bovine papillomavirus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D014771:Virion / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines