title: Interstitial cystitis: urgency and frequency syndrome.
abstract: Interstitial cystitis is a chronic, severely debilitating disease of the urinary bladder. Excessive urgency and frequency of urination, suprapubic pain, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain and negative urine cultures are characteristic of interstitial cystitis. The course of the disease is usually marked by flare-ups and remissions. Other conditions that should be ruled out include bacterial cystitis, urethritis, neoplasia, vaginitis and vulvar vestibulitis. Interstitial cystitis is diagnosed by cystoscopy and hydrodistention of the bladder. Glomerulations or Hunner's ulcers found at cystoscopy are diagnostic. Oral treatments of interstitial cystitis include pentosan polysulfate, tricyclic antidepressants and antihistamines. Intravesicular therapies include hydrodistention, dimethyl sulfoxide and heparin, or a combination of agents. Referral to a support group should be offered to all patients with interstitial cystitis.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Metts
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000284:Administration, Oral; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003558:Cystoscopy; D003663:Decision Trees; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester; D006493:Heparin; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide