title: Local immune responses to influenza antigen are synergistically enhanced by the adjuvant ISCOMATRIX.
abstract: The peripheral (draining) lymph node, as the primary site of immune induction, determines the course of systemic responses to an injected antigen. Lymphatic duct cannulation procedures in sheep were used to investigate local immunoreactivity to human influenza virus antigen (Flu ag) admixed with the adjuvant ISCOMATRIX (IMX). Compared to Flu ag or IMX alone, the co-administration of Flu ag and IMX (Flu ag+IMX) synergistically enhanced a number of immunological responses (lymphocyte and blast migration from the node, antigen-specific antibody levels and IL6 output in efferent lymph, and antigen-induced proliferation in cultured efferent lymph cells). Together, these results demonstrate that IMX is an immune modulator, and that lymphatic duct cannulation procedures may be used to evaluate antigen/adjuvant combinations for vaccine development.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Research Centre for Vaccine Technology Unit, CSIRO Livestock Industries, Private Bag 24, Geelong 3220, Vic., Australia. ross.windon@li.csiro.au
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Windon
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chaplin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McWaters
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavarnesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tzatzaris
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Kimpton
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beezum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coulter
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drane
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sjölander
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pearse
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Scheerlinck
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tennent
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D016882:ISCOMs; D015850:Interleukin-6