title: Platelet concentration and its effect on bone formation in calvarial defects: an experimental study in rabbits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of the platelet concentration technique is widespread in dental implant surgery. However, its effect or mechanism is not clearly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study introduced an animal model for the platelet concentration technique and evaluated its effect on bone formation with natural cancellous bovine bone mineral.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult New Zealand white rabbits were used as the animal model. A density gradient medium was used to obtain a constant platelet count for the preparation of platelet concentrates. In the experimental group, natural cancellous bovine bone mineral with added platelet concentrates was grafted onto critically sized bony defects of the rabbit calvarium. Bone formation in the tissue sections was evaluated with soft x-ray imaging and computer tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average platelet count of the rabbit platelet concentrates was 1487 x 10(3)/microL (287% concentrated). In all the tested parameters, greater bone densities were obtained in grafts that were combined with platelet concentrates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that the rabbit is a useful animal model for studying the platelet concentration technique. When combined with grafts of natural cancellous bovine bone mineral, the technique increased bone formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Taejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Choung
mesh_terms: D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology*; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010976:Platelet Count; D010983:Plateletpheresis; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008903:Minerals