title: Virology. HIV--breaking the rules for nuclear entry.
abstract: How does human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gain access to the carefully guarded nucleus of the host cell? In a Perspective, Segura-Totten and Wilson elaborate on new findings (de Noronha et al.) showing that the HIV protein Vpr is crucial for causing transient herniations in the host cell nuclear envelope. These ruptures are sufficient to enable the preintegration complexes of invading virions to enter the nucleus and to integrate with host cell DNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Segura-Totten
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016195:G2 Phase; D016336:Gene Products, vpr / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006678:HIV / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D034882:Lamins; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013946:Thymopoietins / Q000378:metabolism; D016662:Virus Integration; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: C501959:BANF1 protein, human; D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016336:Gene Products, vpr; D034882:Lamins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D013946:Thymopoietins; C092710:emerin; C093413:lamina-associated polypeptide 2; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus