title: Past history of nephrolithiasis and incidence of hypertension in men: a reappraisal based on the results of the Olivetti Prospective Heart Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously reported that in the Olivetti Prospective Heart Study cohort the incidence of nephrolithiasis was higher in hypertensive participants than in normotensive ones. As the time sequence and the mechanisms underlying the association between nephrolithiasis and hypertension remain controversial, we further tested the hypothesis that in a cohort of normotensive males a history of nephrolithiasis predicts the development of future hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis was conducted in 381 male workers at Olivetti who were normotensive at the baseline examination and who were re-examined 8 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A past history of nephrolithiasis is associated with an increased risk of hypertension of 1.96 (95% CI=1.25-3.07) relative to subjects with a negative history, after adjusting for age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this 8-year follow-up study, a history of nephrolithiasis resulted in an increased risk of developing hypertension in the future. As the reverse was also true, as previously reported, a clear-cut time sequence, as well as the mechanisms linking these two conditions, remain to be identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Clinical Genetics and Pharmacology, Hypertension and Mineral Metabolism, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy. strazzul@unina.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strazzullo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vuotto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farinaro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siani
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nunziata
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galletti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Cappuccio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values