title: [Occupational lead poisoning due to deficient protective measures at the work place].
abstract: Occupational lead poisoning due to deficient protective measures at the work place.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 27-year-old man who was working in the mixing plant of a company manufacturing synthetic materials, was admitted with colicky upper abdominal pain, loss of appetite and postprandial nausea for 3 weeks. On examination he had pain without guarding over the abdomen.
  
  
  METHODS
  He had a normochronic anaemia (haemoglobin 12.5. g/dl). Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed splenomegaly. Gastroscopy excluded an ulcer. Deep duodenal biopsy showed Giardia intestinalis histologically.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of the differential diagnosis of abdominal colic and anaemia, lead poisoning was found, with the lead level markedly elevated to 1776 microgram/l. Penicillamine treatment rapidly reduced the blood lead level, but it had not yet become normal after 4 months. Exposure to lead at his work place was discovered. Subsequent tests there by the federal agency for occupational protection revealed massive deficiencies in protective measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In present conditions abdominal colic must be viewed as a cardinal symptom of lead poisoning. Blood levels must be obtained as part of the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain of uncertain aetiology. If the diagnosis has been established and an occupational risk is possible, the appropriate occupational organizations and, if necessary, federal agency must be informed in order to exclude occupational exposure to lead. In Germany there still exist marked deficiencies in the protection of workers occupationally exposed to lead. Notification is essential to protect others similarly at risk.
authors.affiliation: Krankenhaushygiene, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany. walter.popp@uni-essen.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Werfel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krämer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents; D007854:Lead; D010396:Penicillamine