title: Antitumorigenic and cytotoxic properties of an ethanol extract derived from Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS).
abstract: In this study, the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antitumorigenic activities of a fractionated, ethanol extract derived from Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS), a plant indigenous to Korea, China, and Japan, were determined. Physicochemical analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results indicated that the active component of a Sephadex G-150-fractionated RVS extract (PII fraction) was a copper-containing glycoprotein, possibly a plant laccase. Antioxidant activity of the fractionated RVS extract, observed in both aqueous and lipid in vitro oxidation reactions using 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, site-specific Fenton-reaction deoxyribose, and a model lipid emulsion test system, indicated an affinity for protection against hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals. Cultured mouse brain neurons were protected against glucose oxidase-induced hydroxyl radical in the presence of the fractionated RVS extract (e.g., 58% protection at 4.9 microM and 95% protection with 22.7 microM RVS). RVS was further shown to protect against in vitro Fenton-reaction-induced single- and double-strand scission in supercoiled plasmid DNA. Further testing for bioactivity of the fractionated RVS extract was based on the affinity to inhibit cell proliferation in cultured HeLa and CT-26 tumor cells. The presence of RVS resulted in 70% cell death after 24 h of incubation in both cell lines at a minimum concentration of 2.48 microM RVS. Data demonstrate multiple bioactive chemopreventative properties of a Sephadex G-150-fractionated extract derived from RVS.
authors.affiliation: Food, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. ddkitts@unixg.ubc.ca
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Kitts
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D016923:Cell Death; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D018890:Chemoprevention; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005609:Free Radicals; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007501:Iron / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010957:Plasmids; D029045:Rhus
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D005609:Free Radicals; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D003300:Copper; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron