title: Pathogenetic role of cyclooxygenase-2 in hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome: therapeutic use of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor nimesulide.
abstract: Patients with hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome typically have renal salt wasting, hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis, and secondary hyperaldosteronism. Antenatally, these patients have fetal polyuria, leading to polyhydramnios and premature birth. Hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome is accompanied by a pathologically elevated synthesis of prostaglandin E(2), thought to be responsible for aggravation of clinical symptoms such as salt and water loss, vomiting, diarrhea, and failure to thrive. In this study administration of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) specific inhibitor nimesulide to patients with hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome blocked renal prostaglandin E(2) formation and relieved the key parameters hyperprostaglandinuria, secondary hyperaldosteronism, and hypercalciuria. Partial suppression of serum thromboxane B(2) synthesis resulting from platelet COX-1 activity and complete inhibition of urinary 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1alpha), reflecting endothelial COX-2 activity, indicate preferential inhibition of COX-2 by nimesulide. Amelioration of the clinical symptoms by use of nimesulide indicates that COX-2 may play an important pathogenetic role in hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome. Moreover, on the basis of our data we postulate that COX-2-derived prostaglandin E(2) is an important mediator for stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Philipps University, Deutschhausstrasse 12, 35037 Marburg, Germany. nuesing@mailer.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nüsing
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Reinalter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kömhoff
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Seyberth
mesh_terms: D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha / Q000652:urine; D000293:Adolescent; D001477:Bartter Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; C049235:11-dehydro-thromboxane B2; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone; C012655:nimesulide; D007213:Indomethacin