title: The Revised Health Hardiness Inventory (RRHI-24): psychometric properties and relationship with self-reported health and health behavior in two Dutch samples.
abstract: Our objective was to examine the psychometric properties of a Dutch translation of the Health Hardiness Inventory (HHI), and to determine relationships between health hardiness scales and self-reported health and preventive health behavior. Data from a cross-sectional study with two samples [a general population sample (n = 205) and a student sample (n = 286)] were analyzed. The Revised Health Hardiness Inventory (RHHI-24) was found to consist of four stable and reliable scales: (1) Health Value, (2) Internal Health Locus of Control, (3) External Health Locus of Control and (4) Perceived Health Competence. Women valued their health more than men, older individuals (> 45 years) valued their health more than younger individuals (< or = 45 years) and elderly people (> 65 years) were more externally orientated with respect to health locus of control. Preventive health behavior was related to a higher value placed on health, a lower external health locus of control and a higher perceived health competence. Better self-reported health was related to a higher perceived health competence and a more internally orientated health locus of control. We conclude that the RHHI-24 is a theoretically sound instrument for the measurement of health cognitions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Leiden University, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gebhardt
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van der Doef
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011594:Psychometrics; D012650:Self Disclosure; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires