title: Can a sustainable community intervention reduce the health gap?--10-year evaluation of a Swedish community intervention program for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper evaluates the 10-year outcomes of a Northern Sweden community intervention program for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with special reference to the social patterning of risk development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a quasi-experimental design, trends in risk factors and predicted mortality in an intervention area (Norsjö municipality) are compared with those in a reference area (Northern Sweden region) by repeated independent cross-sectional surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in changes in total cholesterol level and systolic blood pressure between the intervention and reference populations. The predicted coronary heart disease mortality (based on the North Karelia risk equation). after adjustment for age and education, was reduced by 36% in the intervention area and by 1% in the reference area.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that a long-term community-based CVD prevention program which combines population and individual strategies can substantially promote a health shift in CVD risk in a high risk rural population. When evaluated for different social strata, we found no signs of an increasing health gap between socially privileged and less privileged groups. Socially less-privileged groups benefited the most from the present prevention program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden. Lars.Weinehall@epiph.umu.se
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weinehall
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hellsten
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallmans
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asplund
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018672:Community Health Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D015980:Public Health Practice; D012307:Risk Factors; D012423:Rural Health; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology