Guidelines in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan.
BACKGROUND
In preparation of the approval of Helicobacter pylori therapy by the Japanese national health system, the board of directors of the Japanese Society for Helicobacter Research decided to prepare guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection for physicians in routine medical practice.


METHODS
A guidelines preparation committee was formed and six meetings were held. Then, in December 1999, a consensus meeting was held in Kobe to obtain the opinions of general practitioners as well as experts from Europe, North America, and Asia.


RESULTS
Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is recommended in gastric or duodenal ulcer patients. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is recommended or gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma but it should be done at specialist institutions. The significance of H. pylori eradication therapy is still under evaluation in patients with hyperplastic polyps, chronic atrophic gastritis, non-ulcer dyspepsia and in patients after endoscopic mucosal resection of gastric cancer and after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. When diagnosing H. pylori infection, at least one of the tests requiring endoscopic biopsy (e.g. rapid urease test, histology, or culture) and tests not requiring biopsy (e.g. measurement of H. pylori antibody or urea breath test) should be used. Multiple tests are recommended to increase the accuracy. The drugs of first choice currently covered by the national health insurance system in Japan are: lansoprazole (30 mg) 1 capsule twice daily, amoxicillin (250 mg) 3 capsules twice daily, and clarithromycin (200 mg) 1-2 tablets twice daily. These three drugs should be administered after breakfast and dinner for 1 week.


CONCLUSIONS
These guidelines are intended for utilization in routine medical practice after the Japanese national health system begins to cover the management of H. pylori infection.
Asaka
M
M
Department of Gastroenterology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Satoh
K
K
Sugano
K
K
Sugiyama
T
T
Takahashi
S
S
Fukuda
Y
Y
Ota
H
H
Murakami
K
K
Kimura
K
K
Shimoyama
T
T
D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017291:Clarithromycin