[The role of bacterial endotoxins, receptors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of septic (endotoxin) shock].
Sepsis, resistant to therapy, results in the development of septic (endotoxin) shock. The latter is caused by the endotoxins of different Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin (bacterial lipopdisacharide--LPS) interacts with cells through specific membrane or plasma soluble endotoxin receptors (sCD14, mlD14, LBP, CD13/CD14, CD16, CD116/CD18, L-selectin, etc.). Endotoxin interaction with the mCD14 receptor of the monocytes, macrophages and the neutrophils results in the production of a number of proinflammatory cytokines--tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukines 1 and 6 (IL-1 and IL-6, etc), antiinflammatory cytokines--interleukines 10 and 12 (IL-10 and IL-12), cell adhesion molecules (P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, etc.) and inducible enzymes: inducible NO synthase (iNOS), inducible phospholipase A2 (cPL-A2), inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2). All pathologic processes in the structure and function of human body during endotoxin shock are a result of the disbalance of a number of mediators with a proinflammatory and antiinflammatory effects.
Lazarov
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Balutsov
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Ianev
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D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018805:Sepsis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology*
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2