title: Five days of cefprozil versus 10 days of clarithromycin in the treatment of an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Shorter than traditional 7- to 14-day treatment regimens have demonstrated efficacy in treatment of an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Perform a clinical efficacy study comparing 5 days of cefprozil therapy to 10 days of clarithromycin in treating an AECB.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter, randomized, double-blind study comparing efficacy and safety of cefprozil, 500 mg twice daily, for 5 days with clarithromycin, 500 mg twice daily, for 10 days in treatment of 295 subjects with AECB. Concomitantly, among all treated subjects, 39% (115 of 295) had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema; 21% (62 of 295) had a history of asthma/reactive airway disease; and 31% (90 of 295) had environmental allergies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences among clinically evaluable subjects' cure rates; 82% (109 of 133) treated with cefprozil versus 85% (105 of 123) treated with clarithromycin were cured at test-of-cure visit (95% confidence interval, -12.0 to 5.1%). Clinical cure rates at end of study were 80% and 81%, respectively (95% confidence interval, -10.8 to 7.9%). Before treatment, 99% (85 of 86) of Gram-positive organisms isolated were susceptible to cefprozil and 78% (67 of 86) were susceptible to clarithromycin. A total of 84% (96 of 114) of Gram-negative organisms were susceptible to cefprozil and 63% (72 of 114) were susceptible to clarithromycin. Of clinically evaluable Streptococcus pneumoniae-infected subjects, 100% (11 of 11) of cefprozil subjects and 93% (14 of 15) of clarithromycin subjects experienced clinical cure. The most frequently reported adverse effects were nausea, 5% (7 of 150), and diarrhea, 9% (14 of 150), for cefprozil. For clarithromycin, the adverse effects were nausea, 8% (11 of 145); diarrhea, 12% (18 of 145); taste perversion, 8% (11 of 145); and dry mouth, 5% (7 of 145).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Five days of cefprozil is as effective as 10 days of clarithromycin for treatment of an AECB.
authors.affiliation: Hilltop Research, Inc., Fresno, California, USA. jmccarty@valleychildrens.org
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Pierce
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D029481:Bronchitis, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003710:Demography; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000097670:Cefprozil
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D017291:Clarithromycin; D000097670:Cefprozil