title: Pentoxifylline contributes to the hepatic cytoprotective process in rats undergoing hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Considerable efforts have been made to find and/or eliminate the underyling causes of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, but many points are still unclear. Pentoxifylline-related cytoprotection is one of these unclear points. Our study tests the effects of pentoxifylline on the hepatic cytoprotective process in an experimental model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were divided into two groups: (1) placebo-pretreated rats and (2) pentoxifylline-pretreated rats. After pretreatment, all rats underwent the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion procedure which was performed by clamping the hepatoduodenal ligament. To evaluate the liver injury, serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), and liver tissue levels of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) were measured before ischemia, immediately after ischemia and immediately after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before ischemia and immediately after ischemia, there were no significant differences between ALT and AST levels of groups 1 and 2 (p >0.05). However, at the end of reperfusion, ALT and AST levels of group 2 were significantly decreased when compared with group 1 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Additionally, tissue levels of PGE(2) that were obtained before ischemia, immediately after ischemia and immediately after reperfusion in group 2 were significantly higher than those of group 1 (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pentoxifylline reduces reperfusion injury of the liver through significantly decreased transaminase levels, and contributes to hepatic cytoprotection by increasing tissue levels of PGE(2) significantly. These effects reflect the role of tissue PGE(2) in pentoxifylline-related hepatoprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karagüzel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melikoglu
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D015232:Dinoprostone; D010431:Pentoxifylline