title: Reproducible fabrication of miniaturized glucose sensors: preparation of sensing membranes for continuous monitoring.
abstract: The immobilization process of glucose oxidase(GOx) in the poly(1,3-diaminobenzene) (poly(1,3-DAB)) network was closely investigated in situ using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM). GOx captured in approximately 50 nm thick poly-1,3-DAB layer causes a 514 Hz frequency increase, corresponding to 541 ng, and distributes mostly in the outer part of the polymer film. The presence of poly-L-lysine and glutaraldehyde during electropolymerization of poly(1,3-DAB) improves sensitivity by raising the amount of GOx immobilized. Adding a protective membrane on to the enzyme layer from poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) dispersed in aqueous media lets the entire fabrication procedure finish perfectly without nonaqueous solvent. The finalized needle-type glucose sensors show competent functions in sensitivity, stability, biocompatibility, lifetime, interference and reproducibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon dong, Chongno Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008904:Miniaturization; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009862:Online Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D011108:Polymers; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D011791:Quartz; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D011108:Polymers; D011791:Quartz; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; C008381:3-phenylenediamine