title: Comparison of dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassays to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B, Yersinia pestis-specific F1 antigen, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.
abstract: The dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassays (DELFIA) were developed for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B, Yersinia pestis-specific F1 antigen, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. These assays were compared to previously developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) by determining the sensitivity or limit of detection (LOD), the dynamic range, and the reproducibility of each assay in a number of different sample matrices. The sensitivity and specificity of each assay were then determined by using a small panel of blinded spiked and nonspiked samples. All three DELFIAs demonstrated at least 1 log greater sensitivity than corresponding ELISAs utilizing the same reagents and showed an increase in dynamic range of at least 2 log(10) concentrations. This increased LOD resulted in higher sensitivity rates for the DELFIA. The specificity of all of the assays evaluated was 100%, and no sample matrix effects were observed in either format. However, the reproducibility of the DELFIA was poor due to randomly distributed wells exhibiting excessive background signal (hot wells), which occurred throughout the evaluation. As this technology matures, the reproducibility of these assays should improve, as will the ability to identify hot wells. Despite its sensitivity, the logistical burden associated with the DELFIA and the technical expertise required to complete assays and interpret the data limit the application of this technology to reference or large clinical laboratories.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Systems Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kijek
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Henchal
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Ludwig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004685:Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / Q000175:diagnosis; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005063:Europium; D015200:Fluoroimmunoassay; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D015009:Yersinia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; C086725:caf1 protein, Yersinia pestis; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D005063:Europium; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase