Exploitation of host factors for efficient infection by Shigella.
Shigellosis is a worldwide endemic ulcerating disease of the large intestine caused by enteroinvasive bacteria. Shigella takes the route via M-cells and macrophages to access the basolateral pole of enterocytes. After invasion of and cell-to-cell spread within the epithelial cell layer, the bacterium multiplies within the cytoplasm of enterocytes. Induced by a limited number of bacterial effector proteins, Shigella makes use of established signaling pathways of the host cell to achieve internalization, transcytosis, apoptosis or cell-to-cell spread. This review addresses the host factors required for efficient infection focusing on Shigella-induced cytoskeletal rearrangements and associated signaling.
Adam
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Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Humboldt Universität, Charité, Berlin, Germany. thomas.adam@charite.de
D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000473:pathology; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D012760:Shigella / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014774:Virulence