title: Gene patents: socially acceptable monopolies or an unnecessary hindrance to research?
abstract: Why should patents be granted on genes? This question is a provocative and troubling issue currently facing society. Looking at the commercial realities of gene patents, I conclude that on balance their effect is to retard, rather than to stimulate, both scientific and economic progress. The monopolies awarded by patents on genes as novel chemicals are not therefore in the public interest. Society would benefit from immediate change in the policy of patent offices to limit the allowance of patents on genes to specified uses with only narrow claims.
authors.affiliation: Maywood, One Tree Lane, Beaconsfield, HP9 2BU, UK. arwill37@aol.com
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Williamson
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D004345:Drug Industry; D005060:Europe; D005796:Genes; D010330:Patents as Topic; D012106:Research; D012931:Social Environment; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities