title: The application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling in the analysis of occupational exposure to perchloroethylene.
abstract: A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for perchloroethylene was parameterized, calibrated and validated using anatomic, physiologic, biochemical and physicochemical data obtained from the literature. The model was used to analyse human exposure data obtained under controlled conditions and from dry cleaning establishments in the Padua area of northern Italy. Whilst the model satisfactorily simulated the urinary excretion of trichloroacetic acid, following experimental inhalation exposure to 10, 20 and 40 ppm perchloroethylene under controlled conditions the opposite was true for the occupational exposure data. However, further model refinement to incorporate inter-individual variability of anatomical, physiological and biochemical parameters which have an impact on model output, would further improve the predictive capabilities of the model. The possibility of perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene co-exposure in the occupational setting was indicated by the model.
authors.affiliation: Health and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK. george.loizou@hsl.gov.uk
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Loizou
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene