title: Standing excitation waves in the heart induced by strong alternating electric fields.
abstract: We studied the effect of sinusoidal electric fields on cardiac tissue both experimentally and numerically. We found that periodic forcing at 5-20 Hz using voltage applied in the bathing solution could stop the propagation of excitation waves by producing standing waves of membrane depolarization. These patterns were independent of the driving frequency in contrast to classical standing waves. The stimulus strength required for pattern formation was large compared to the excitation threshold. A novel tridomain representation of cardiac tissue was required to reproduce this behavior numerically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, B140 Volker Hall, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA. rag@crml.uab.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Mornev
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalife
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Aslanidi
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pertsov
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D004566:Electrodes; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits