Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography: technical considerations for optimized clinical implementation.
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE MR angiography) has benefited from advancements in MR imaging speed, pulse sequence design, and dedicated equipment and algorithms for its performance. These improvements have greatly expanded the number of options available to the operator and enabled the application of CE MR angiography to a broader range of clinical applications. In this article, the various timing options, pulse sequence innovations, and contrast administration concerns related to clinical CE MR angiography are reviewed. Pertinent issues related to multiphase and multistation bolus chase CE MR angiography also will be discussed.
Ho
V B
VB
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. vho@usuhs.mil
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T K
TK
Czum
J M
JM
Marcos
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Choyke
P L
PL
Knopp
M V
MV
D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*
D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium