title: [In vitro toxicity of non-preserved artificial-tear formulations].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the putative toxic effect of three commercially available non-preserved artificial tear formulations on in vitro human conjunctival cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  A conjunctival human epithelial cell line was exposed to Cellufresh, Oculotect and Acuolens formulations during 1, 3 and 24 hours. Cytotoxicity was measured by calculating the percentage of cell viability examination and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Controls underwent exposure to supplement free DMEM-F12 (negative control) and exposure to 0.005% benzalkonium chloride solution (positive control).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell viability after 1 or 3 hours incubation with Cellufresh and Oculotect was similar to that obtained for negative controls. With Acuolens incubation however, cell viability showed significant reduction after 3 and 24 hours compared to control. SEM showed that Cellufresh and Oculotect exposed cells presented similar behavior to control cells. All three cell lines presented evidence of cellular surface alteration after incubation for 1 or 3 hours compared to controls, Acuolens showing the highest rate of alterations in exposed cells and an additional increment in cell loss was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, non preserved artificial tears formulations showed a different degree in their in vitro toxicity, Acuolens being more toxic than Cellufresh or Oculotect.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Corrales
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Diebold
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Callejo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calonge
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herreras
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayo
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions