title: Feed intake, growth, digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen in young pigs as affected by dietary cation-anion difference and supplementation of xylanase.
abstract: An experiment was conducted to test the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (CAD, Na(+) + K(+)-Cl(-), mEq/kg diet) and xylanase addition on feed consumption, digestibility of nutrients, plasma electrolyte balance and growth performance in young pigs. A 2 x 3 factorial arrangement with three dietary CAD levels (-100, 200, and 500 mEq/kg) and two levels of xylanase supplementation (0 and 0.1% xylanase derived from Trichoderma longibrachiatum) was used. Thirty-six individually housed, castrated pigs (5 weeks old) with an initial body weight of 9.34 +/- 0.28 kg (mean +/- SEM) were randomly assigned to the six treatments. Diets were provided to pigs as cold pellets. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water. Venous plasma Cl(-) concentration was higher (p < 0.0001) in dietary CAD of - 100 mEq/kg group compared with the other two CAD groups. Dietary CAD did not affect Na(+) and K(+) concentrations in the venous plasma. Growth rates were higher (p < 0.05) in pigs receiving dietary CAD of 200 mEq/kg (657 g/pig.day) and dietary CAD of 500 mEq/kg (603 g/pig.day) than in pigs receiving dietary CAD of -100 mEq/kg (484 g/pig.day). Faecal dry matter and nitrogen decreased with increasing dietary CAD. Faecal apparent digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen was higher (p < 0.05) in the dietary CAD of 500 mEq/kg compared to the two lower level CAD groups. Supplementation of xylanase did not affect the performance of pigs. Xylanase addition in the diet significantly increased apparent faecal digestibility of dry matter and tended to increase apparent digestibility of nitrogen. No interaction between dietary CAD and xylanase was found. In conclusion, dietary CAD influenced the performance and digestibility of nutrients of pigs. Xylanase supplementation improved digestibility of dry matter.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Yueming.Li@student.vv.wau.nl
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dersjant-Li
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Schrama
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Verreth
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Verstegen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D002149:Energy Intake; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D002712:Chlorides; D012964:Sodium; D014995:Xylosidases; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D009584:Nitrogen; D011188:Potassium