title: Tibioperoneal (outflow lesion) angioplasty can be used as primary treatment in 235 patients with critical limb ischemia: five-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive series of tibioperoneal vessel angioplasty (TPVA), critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients' data were analyzed with regard to immediate and follow-up success.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TPVA was successful in 270 of 284 critically ischemic limbs (95%), with 167 limbs (59%) requiring dilatation of 333 ipsilateral inflow obstructions to access and successfully dilate 486 of 529 (92%) tibioperoneal lesions. A clinical success (relief of rest pain or improvement of lower-extremity blood flow) was attained in 270 limbs at risk (95%). Clinical 5-year follow-up of 215 of 221 successful CLI patients (97%) with 266 successfully revascularized limbs revealed that bypass surgery occurred in 8% and significant amputations in 9% of limbs; 91% of the limbs were salvaged. The cohort's probability of survival was 56%: 58% for Fontaine class III and 33% for class IV patients. Class III compared with class IV patients had significantly (P<0.05) fewer surgical bypasses (3% versus 16%) and amputations: above-knee, 1% versus 4%; below-knee, 3% versus 12%; and transmetatarsal, <1% versus 21%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TPVA, often in combination with inflow lesions, is an effective primary treatment for critical limb ischemia. The poor cumulative survival reflects the existence of severe comorbidities, which could potentially be affected by aggressive and effective cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: William Dorros-Isadore Feuer Interventional Cardiovascular Disease Foundation Ltd, Grafton, WI, USA. gdorros@dorrosfoundation.org
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorros
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jaff
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dorros
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Mathiak
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000792:Angiography; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016909:Tibial Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome