title: Gene therapy for bladder cancer using adenoviral vector.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bladder cancer is common. Current treatment for patients with superficial bladder cancer involves transurethral resection followed by adjuvant bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) administration. Adjuvant BCG has been reported to be effective in 38% to 68% of patients; however, more than 30% of patients do not respond. Because p53 mutations are common among superficial bladder cancers, we tested the feasibility of using p53 as a gene therapy agent for targeting superficial tumors, which are easily accessible using an intravesical approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wild-type p53 was transduced into various human and murine bladder cancer cell lines (HTB9, KU-1, and MBT-2) using a recombinant adenoviral vector (Ad5CMV-p53) in vitro. Also, subcutaneous tumors were established and then treated with intratumoral injection of Ad5CMV-p53 or control viruses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro assays revealed significant growth suppression of target cells by Ad5CMV-p53 in comparison with those receiving the control Ad5-CMV-PA vector or untreated control cells. In vivo studies using subcutaneous bladder tumor models established in syngeneic mice demonstrated that the rate of tumor growth and volume was reduced to a greater extent by 14 days of intratumoral injection of Ad5CMV-p53 rather than Ad5CMV-PA. Furthermore, the survival of host animals bearing tumors that were infected with Ad5CMV-p53 was significantly longer than that of the control group treated with Ad5CMV-PA (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that Ad5CMV-p53 is effective in suppressing bladder cancer growth and improving host survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. wada@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamidono
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000628:therapy; D002455:Cell Division; D016158:Genes, p53; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015996:Survival Rate; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*