title: Hepatoprotective effects of Platycodon grandiflorum on acetaminophen-induced liver damage in mice.
abstract: The protective effects of an aqueous extract from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (Campanulaceae), Changkil (CK), on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicities and the possible protective mechanisms involved were investigated in mice. Pretreatment with CK prior to the administration of APAP significantly prevented the increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity and hepatic lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was also essentially prevented as evidenced by liver histopathology. Hepatic glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase activities were not affected by treatment with CK alone, but pretreatment with CK protected the APAP-induced depletion of hepatic glutathione levels. The effects of CK on cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2 and 2E1, the major isozymes involved in APAP bioactivation, were investigated. In microsomal incubations, CK effectively inhibited P450 lA2-dependent methoxyresorufin O-deethylase activities and the P450 2E1-dependent p-nitrophenol and aniline hydroxylase. The results suggest that the protective effects of CK against the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity may, at least in part, be due to its ability to block P450-mediated APAP bioactivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D029422:Campanulaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031238:Platycodon
chemical_list: C440574:Changkil; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000082:Acetaminophen; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005978:Glutathione