New insights into the role of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in psychiatric disorder.
BACKGROUND
In the 40 years since the first benzodiazepine was brought into clinical use there has been a substantial growth in understanding the molecular basis of action of these drugs and the role of their receptors in disease states.


OBJECTIVE
To present current knowledge about the role of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in anxiety disorders, new insights into the molecular biology of the receptor complex and neuroimaging studies suggesting involvement of these receptors in disease states.


METHODS
An overview of published literature, including some recent data.


RESULTS
The molecular biology of this receptor is detailed. Molecular genetic studies suggesting involvement of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in animal behaviour and learning are outlined; possible parallels with human psychopathology are discussed.


CONCLUSIONS
Current insights into the role of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in the action of benzodiazepines and as a factor in disease states, in both animals and humans, may lead to new, more sophisticated interventions at this receptor complex and potentially significant therapeutic gains.
Nutt
D J
DJ
Psychopharmacology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK. david.j.nutt@bristol.ac.uk
Malizia
A L
AL
D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000502:physiology*; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000379:methods
D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D001569:Benzodiazepines