An update on angiogenesis therapy.
Angiogenesis is a novel approach for the therapy of various ischemia-related pathophysiologic conditions. Proangiogenic growth factors have shown promising results in preclinical studies using protein- and gene-based therapies. However, their success in clinical trials is hindered by the lack of an optimal delivery strategy that would provide sustained and localized levels of the growth factors in the diseased tissue. Targeted delivery of proangiogenic agents is expected to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of growth factors at relatively lower doses, without the risk of systemic toxicity in terms of unwanted angiogenesis. To achieve the above objectives, various drug delivery systems are under investigation. This review describes the basic mechanism of action of growth factors, their current status in preclinical and clinical studies, and the issue of drug delivery.
Davda
J
J
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-6025, USA.
Labhasetwar
V
V
D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005544:Forecasting; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D042683:Angiopoietin-1; C467628:Angpt1 protein, mouse; C467629:Angpt1 protein, rat; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D008222:Lymphokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors