Membranous glomerulopathy associated with graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature.
We report two cases of nephrotic syndrome presenting 18 and 20 months after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Both patients had acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and renal biopsy findings of membranous glomerulopathy (MG). A review of the literature revealed 10 additional cases of immune-complex-mediated glomerular disease following alloSCT, 8 of which were diagnostic of MG. All patients showed evidence of acute or chronic GVHD. Patients typically presented with preserved renal function (mean creatinine 1.2 mg/dl) and full nephrotic syndrome including heavy proteinuria (mean 9.2 g/24 h), edema, hypoalbuminemia (mean 2.1 g/dl) and hypercholesterolemia (mean 472 mg/dl). Most patients showed stabilization of renal function and significant decreases in proteinuria when treated with steroids and/or cyclosporine. The close temporal association as well as evidence from murine models of GVHD support a pathogenetic association between GVHD and the development of MG.
Lin
J
J
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, N.Y., USA. jlin11@partners.org
Markowitz
G S
GS
Nicolaides
M
M
Hesdorffer
C S
CS
Appel
G B
GB
D'Agati
V D
VD
Savage
D G
DG
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000209:etiology*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013577:Syndrome; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents