title: Transesophageal echocardiography in patients with ischemic stroke accurately detects significant coronary artery stenosis and often changes management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  TEE is performed in many patients with ischemic stroke, and it is possible to examine the proximal coronaries by TEE in these patients. Our purpose was to (1) determine the accuracy of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the diagnosis of proximal coronary stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke and (2) show that TEE detection of proximal coronary stenosis changed management in a substantial number of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients with ischemic stroke undergoing TEE, in whom the proximal coronaries were examined and who had angiographic results available, were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proximal coronaries were visualized as follows: left main (LM) in 31 (97%), left anterior descending (LAD) in 32 (100%), left circumflex (LCx) in 30 (94%) and right coronary artery (RCA) in 21 (66%). The sensitivity and specificity of TEE in diagnosing significant coronary stenosis in visualized vessels were as follows: LM 100% and 100%, LAD 100% and 95%, LCx 100% and 96%, and RCA 100% and 100%, respectively. When visualized and nonvisualized segments were considered, TEE detected significant stenosis as follows: 4 of 5 in the LM (80%), 13 of 13 in the LAD (100%), 2 of 3 in the LCx (66%), and 2 of 8 in the RCA (25%). Of the 32 patients, TEE results changed management in 17 patients (53%). Angiographic findings resulted in 10 of the 17 patients (59%) undergoing revascularization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEE was very accurate in diagnosing significant coexisting coronary artery disease in patients with ischemic stroke. TEE diagnosis of these lesions prompted coronary angiography and subsequent revascularization in a substantial number of patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Disease and the Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voros
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Samal
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jindal
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tulyapronchote
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Thakur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*