title: Behavioral treatment for smokers with a history of alcoholism: predictors of successful outcome.
abstract: This study examined baseline predictors associated with smoking abstinence among 205 smokers (113 men, 92 women) with a past history of alcoholism. Their mean age was 41.8 years, and 93% were Caucasian. Participants were randomly assigned to standard treatment (ST), behavioral counseling plus exercise (BEX), or behavioral counseling plus nicotine gum (BNIC). Factors multivariately associated with point-prevalence smoking abstinence at posttreatment (1 week after target quit date) were a longer duration of prior smoking abstinence and an interaction between treatment group and having an active 12-step sponsor. ST was more effective for those with an active sponsor, whereas both BEX and BNIC were more effective for those without an active sponsor. At 1-year follow-up, independent predictors of point-prevalence smoking abstinence were a lower Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire score (K. O. Fagerström, 1978) and fewer years of smoking.
authors.affiliation: Nicotine Research Center and Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. patten.christi@mayo.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Calfas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lento
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Wolter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome