title: cAMP inhibits IP(3)-dependent Ca(2+) release by preferential activation of cGMP-primed PKG.
abstract: The singular effects and interplay of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA and PKG) on Ca(2+) mobilization were examined in dispersed smooth muscle cells. In permeabilized muscle cells, exogenous cAMP and cGMP inhibited inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3))-induced Ca(2+) release and muscle contraction via PKA and PKG, respectively. A combination of cAMP and cGMP caused synergistic inhibition that was exclusively mediated by PKG and attenuated by PKA. In intact muscle cells, low concentrations (10 nM) of isoproterenol and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) inhibited agonist-induced, IP(3)-dependent Ca(2+) release and muscle contraction via PKA and PKG, respectively. A combination of isoproterenol and SNP increased PKA and PKG activities: the increase in PKA activity reflected inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3 activity by cGMP, whereas the increase in PKG activity reflected activation of cGMP-primed PKG by cAMP. Inhibition of Ca(2+) release and muscle contraction by the combination of isoproterenol and SNP was preferentially mediated by PKG. In light of studies showing that PKG phosphorylates the IP(3) receptor in intact and permeabilized muscle cells, whereas PKA phosphorylates the receptor in permeabilized cells only, the results imply that inhibition of IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) release is mediated exclusively by PKG. The effect of PKA on agonist-induced Ca(2+) release probably reflects inhibition of IP(3) formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0711, USA. skarnam@hsc.vcu.edu
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium