Random monoallelic expression of three genes clustered within 60 kb of mouse t complex genomic DNA.
Mammals achieve gene dosage control by (1) random X-chromosome inactivation in females, (2) parental origin-specific imprinting of selected autosomal genes, and (3) random autosomal inactivation. Genes belonging to the third category of epigenetic phenomenon are just now emerging, with only six identified so far. Here we report three additional genes, Nubp2, Igfals, and Jsap1, that show 50%-methylated CpG sites by Southern blot analyses and primarily monoallelic expression in single-cell allele-specific RT-PCR analysis of bone marrow stromal cells and hepatocytes. Furthermore, we show that, in contrast to X inactivation, alleles can switch between active and inactive states during the formation of daughter cells. These three genes are the first in their category to exist as a tight cluster, in the proximal region of mouse chromosome 17, providing a thus far unique example of a region of autosomal random monoallelic expression.
Sano
Y
Y
Developmental Genomics and Aging Section, Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Shimada
T
T
Nakashima
H
H
Nicholson
R H
RH
Eliason
J F
JF
Kocarek
T A
TA
Ko
M S
MS
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002999:Clone Cells; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018628:Gene Dosage; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D020868:Gene Silencing; D016678:Genome; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D008970:Molecular Weight; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D056427:t-Complex Genome Region
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C485750:MAPK8IP3 protein, human; C403619:Mapk8ip3 protein, mouse; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C400289:NUBP2 protein, mouse; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C075944:insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit; C116196:PPP1R11 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins