title: Cross-talk between IL-1 and IL-6 signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.
abstract: The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role in determining the severity of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Antagonism between opposing cytokines at the level of signal transduction plays an important role in many other systems. We have begun to explore the possible contribution of signal transduction cross-talk to cytokine balance in RA by examining the effects of IL-1, a proinflammatory cytokine, on the signaling and action of IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine that has both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, in RA synovial fibroblasts. Pretreatment with IL-1 suppressed Janus kinase-STAT signaling by IL-6, modified patterns of gene activation, and blocked IL-6 induction of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases 1 expression. These results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines may contribute to pathogenesis by modulating or blocking signal transduction by pleiotropic or anti-inflammatory cytokines. The mechanism of inhibition did not require de novo gene activation and did not depend upon tyrosine phosphatase activity, but, instead, was dependent on the p38 stress kinase. These results identify a molecular basis for IL-1 and IL-6 cross-talk in RA synoviocytes and suggest that, in addition to levels of cytokine expression, modulation of signal transduction also plays a role in regulating cytokine balance in RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Graduate Program in Immunology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scaletta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ivashkiv
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000502:physiology; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases