[Prevalence and therapy of vascular risk factors in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients].
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often associated with other risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, resulting in a marked increase in cardiovascular events and deaths. Combined treatment of hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension significantly decreases the frequency and severity of diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications. In a prospective cohort study including 356 type 2 diabetic patients (= 14% of all in-patients during a 6 months' period) the prevalence and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors were determined. Hypertension was diagnosed in 54% of the diabetic patients, albuminuria in 53% and dyslipidaemia in 47%; there were 40 smokers (17%). On admission the mean HbA1c was 7.7 +/- 2.0%, the mean fasting plasma glucose 10.0 +/- 4.2 mmol/l (and 8.9 +/- 3.9 mmol/l, p = 0.03, when discharged), the mean systolic blood pressure was 144 +/- 28 mm Hg (and 131 +/- 20, p < 0.0001, when discharged), and the triglycerides were 2.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/l. 34% of the hypertensive diabetic patients were treated with a combination of anti-hypertensive drugs, 44% of the dyslipidaemic diabetic patients were treated with statins, and 58% of all diabetic patients received aspirin or oral anticoagulation. 23% of the diabetic patients were treated by diet alone, 36% with insulin, 25% with sulfonylureas and 5% with metformin, while 11% were given a combination of antihyperglycaemic medication. In-hospital mortality was 11%. The diabetic patients were discharged on 2.9 +/- 1.7 different drugs. The prevalence of associated cardiovascular risk factors is high in type 2 diabetic patients, and thus a combination of drugs is often warranted. The rate of admissions and in-hospital mortality is high in type 2 diabetic patients.
Henzen
C
C
Medizinische Klinik Kantonsspital CH-6000 Luzern 16. Christoph.Henzen@ksl.ch
Hodel
T
T
Lehmann
B
B
Mosimann
T
T
Hörler
U
U
Joss
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission; D012307:Risk Factors; D013557:Switzerland
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents