title: The effect of insulin on Na+-H+ antiport activity of obese and normal subjects erythrocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The exact mechanism that links insulin resistance and vascular disease remains unknown. A significantly increased Na+-H+ exchanger (NHE 1) activity and a different effect of insulin on obese individuals erythrocyte NHE 1 has been suggested. These observations may provide a link between obesity, hyperinsulinemia and vascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intracellular pH and sodium influx were measured before and after addition of insulin in erythrocyte suspensions from normal and obese individuals. Amiloride, a specific NHE 1 inhibitor, and staurosporine a protein kinase C inhibitor were used to inhibit erythrocyte NHE RESULTS: Erythrocytes from normal individuals showed increased pH and increased sodium influx after insulin stimulation. This effect of insulin was inhibited by amiloride and by staurosporine as well. In contrast insulin had no effect on NHE 1 activity of erythrocytes from obese individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These ex vivo data indicate that erythrocyte NHE 1 activity in obese individuals is "insulin resistant". Erythrocytes may provide a simple system for the study of insulin resistance pathways in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaloyianni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bourikas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koliakos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000150:complications; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C069139:growth factor-activatable Na-H exchanger NHE-1; D000584:Amiloride; D012964:Sodium; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019311:Staurosporine