GGA proteins: new players in the sorting game.
The GGA proteins are a novel family of proteins that were discovered nearly simultaneously by several labs studying very different aspects of membrane trafficking. Since then, several studies have described the GGA proteins and their functions in yeast and mammalian cells. Four protein domains are present in all GGA proteins, as defined by sequence homology and function. These different domains interact directly with ARF proteins, cargo and clathrin. Alteration of the levels of GGA proteins by gene knockout or overexpression affects specific trafficking events between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. These data suggest that GGAs function as ARF-dependent, monomeric clathrin adaptors to facilitate cargo sorting and vesicle formation at the trans-Golgi network.
Boman
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Minnesota, School of Medicine Duluth, 10 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA. aboman@d.umn.edu
D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D021601:trans-Golgi Network / Q000378:metabolism
D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C407306:GGA adaptor proteins; D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors