title: MAPD--an objective way to select mAs for paediatric brain CT.
abstract: CT is an advanced imaging modality, but the imaging parameters are normally selected subjectively. For standard head examinations, most of the parameters used are consistent amongst different centres, with the exception of large variations in the selection of the tube current-exposure time product (mAs). As a result, CT images may contain unacceptable levels of noise, or the patient may receive excessive radiation. In this study, the maximum anteroposterior diameter (MAPD) was shown to be a good criterion for mAs selection, and could be measured in a pilot view. 200 paediatric brain CT studies were randomly selected to determine the MAPD at the mid brain level. With knowledge of MAPD distribution, a phantom study was performed to determine the relationship between MAPD and the mAs required for consistent and acceptable image noise. It was found that the required mAs increased linearly with MAPD. Assuming the manufacturer's recommended value is "appropriate" for the average MAPD, the appropriate mAs value could be estimated. Using this method, appropriate mAs values were calculated retrospectively for a group of 240 randomly selected paediatric brain CT studies and compared with the actual mAs subjectively determined by the radiographer. Although their average values were similar, the difference between the calculated and actual values deviated markedly in some cases. When the actual mAs was smaller than the calculated value, higher image noise was observed. However, reduction of image noise was barely observed when the applied mAs was larger than the calculated value. Thus, this method is more objective and appropriate for determination of the mAs value for paediatric brain CT than the traditional subjective method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004581:Electronics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*