title: Interleukin-4 up-regulates mouse mammary tumor virus expression yet is not required for in vivo virus spread.
abstract: The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) superantigen induces T-cell production of cytokines, such as interleukin-4, which in turn increase MMTV transcription. However, interleukin-4 is not required for in vivo virus spread, because mice lacking interleukin-4 or the STAT6 transcription factor showed wild-type infection of lymphoid and mammary tissue. In spite of this, mammary tumor incidence was decreased in STAT6 null mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6142, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czarneski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mick
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000502:physiology*; D008324:Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494100:Stat6 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D015847:Interleukin-4