title: The interaction between intrathecal neostigmine and GABA receptor agonists in rats with nerve ligation Injury.
abstract: Nerve ligation injury may produce a pain syndrome that includes tactile allodynia. Reversal effects on tactile allodynia have been demonstrated after the intrathecal administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonists or cholinesterase inhibitors in rats. We examined the drug interactions between neostigmine and muscimol or baclofen in a rat model of nerve ligation injury. Rats were prepared with tight ligation of the left L5-6 spinal nerves and chronic intrathecal catheter implantation. Tactile allodynia was measured by applying von Frey filaments ipsilateral to the lesioned hindpaw. Thresholds for paw withdrawal were assessed. Neostigmine (0.3-10 microg), muscimol (0.1-10 microg), and baclofen (0.1-3.0 microg) were administered to obtain the dose-response curve and the 50% effective dose (ED(50)). Fractions of ED(50) values were administered intrathecally to establish the ED(50)s of drug combinations (neostigmine-muscimol and neostigmine-baclofen). The drug interactions were performed. Intrathecal neostigmine, muscimol, baclofen, and their combinations produced a dose-dependent increase in withdrawal threshold of the lesioned hindpaw. Both analyses revealed a synergistic interaction for the neostigmine-muscimol combination, whereas the effect of the neostigmine-baclofen combination was additive. These results suggest that the activation of both muscarinic and GABA(A) receptors is required for synergistic interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that drug interaction is synergistic for the neostigmine-muscimol combination, whereas the effect of the neostigmine-baclofen combination is additive. In a rat model of nerve ligation injury, neostigmine, muscimol, baclofen, and their combinations provide an antagonism on touch-evoked allodynia at the spinal level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. jhhwang@amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001418:Baclofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000601:surgery; D014110:Touch
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018755:GABA Agonists; D009118:Muscimol; D009388:Neostigmine; D001418:Baclofen