title: Cell death mediated by MAPK is associated with hydrogen peroxide production in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Rapid and localized programmed cell death, known as the hypersensitive response (HR) is frequently associated with plant disease resistance. In contrast to our knowledge about the regulation and execution of apoptosis in animal system, information about plant HR is limited. Recent studies implicated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in regulating plant HR cell death as well as several other defense responses during incompatible interactions between plants and pathogens. Here, we report the generation of transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express the active mutants of AtMEK4 and AtMEK5, two closely related MAPK kinases under the control of a steroid-inducible promoter. Induction of the transgene expression by the application of dexamethasone, a steroid, leads to HR-like cell death, which is preceded by the activation of endogenous MAPKs and the generation of hydrogen peroxide. Both prolonged MAPK activation and reactive oxygen species generation have been implicated in the regulation of HR cell death induced by incompatible pathogens. As a result, we speculate that the prolonged activation of the MAPK pathway in cells could disrupt the redox balance, which leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species and eventually HR cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Dongtao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Heping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shuqun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D048671:MAP Kinase Kinase 5; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D048671:MAP Kinase Kinase 5; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases