title: Psychiatric conditions in patients with recurrent unexplained syncope.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relationship between syncope and psychiatric disorders is little investigated. This study evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric diseases and prognostic outcome in patients with recurrent unexplained syncope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After an inconclusive standard diagnostic work-up for syncope, including head-up tilt testing, a psychiatric evaluation was offered to 50 consecutive patients with recurrent syncope. The evaluation was accepted by 26 patients (77% females, 36 +/- 16 years) and refused by 24 (63% females, 50 +/- 19 years). A psychiatric disorder was diagnosed in 21 (81%) patients: 12 had depression, four panic attacks, two general anxiety, and three a somatization disorder. Only five patients showed normal psychosocial function. Of the patients with psychiatric disorders four accepted psychiatric care, such as psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy; 17 patients refused treatment. During 6 months of follow-up no patient under psychiatric care had syncope, while all patients without psycho- or pharmacotherapy had recurrent syncopal events. In these patients the median of syncopal episodes was three in a 6 months interval before and after clinical assessment. Patients who refused both psychiatric evaluation and therapy continued to experience syncope as before.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with recurrent unexplained syncope psychiatric alteration is common. However, patients seldom accepted a psychiatric evaluation and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. ventura@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rüppel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stuhr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuchert
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meinertz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nienaber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012008:Recurrence; D013575:Syncope / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D018667:Tilt-Table Test