title: Hot electrons in the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with foil targets at a moderate laser intensity.
abstract: Characteristics of hot electrons produced in the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with foil targets were investigated at a moderate laser intensity. Both outgoing and ingoing hot electrons from the femtosecond laser plasma were studied. A collimated jet of outgoing hot electrons was observed in the target normal direction. An ingoing energetic hot-electron beam was found in the laser propagation direction, while the low-energy ingoing electrons spread into wider cone angle due to the collisional effects in the plasma and target material. These observations were supported by three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations. The hot-electron temperature obtained from electron spectra and absorption experiments implies that resonance absorption is partially responsible for the generation of hot electrons.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Q L
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chun-Yu
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Z J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: X W
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Tang