title: Synthesis and receptor docking studies of N-substituted indole-2-carboxylic acid esters as a search for COX-2 selective enzyme inhibitors.
abstract: A series of N-substituted indole-2-carboxylic acid esters have been prepared by replacing the benzoyl group of indomethacin with a benzyl and a phenyl group. The carbocyclic acid side chain was extended via creating an ester structure by using several dialkylaminoalkyl groups. The receptor docking studies were performed to investigate the docking mode of each compound by using DOCK 4.0. All the compounds were shown to be docked at the site where intact flurbiprofen was embedded for COX-1 and s-58 (1-phenylsulphonamide-3-trifluoromethyl-5-para-bromophenylpyrazole) for COX-2. It was predicted that N-phenyl-indole-2-carboxylic acid piperazine ester 22 can be a fairly strong COX-2 selective compound which was compared to the others. Other predicted COX-2 selective compounds included are N--H indole-2-carboxylic acid diethyl 30 and piperazine 34 esters. In view of these findings, compounds 22, 30 and 34 were chosen for the in vitro biological assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ankara, T-06100 Tandogan Ankara, Turkey. olgen@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olgen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akaho
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nebioglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D003198:Computer Simulation; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004952:Esters / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012756:Sheep; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004952:Esters; D007211:Indoles; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C058980:indole-2-carboxylic acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D007213:Indomethacin