title: A longitudinal study of the association between tooth loss and age-related hearing loss.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between hearing acuity and tooth loss in 1156 US veterans taking part in the Veterans Affairs' Normative Aging (NAS) and Dental Longitudinal (DLS) Studies in the Boston, MA, area. The mean age was 48 years (SD = 8.9), 5.3% were edentulous, and 15.4% had < 17 teeth at baseline. Hearing acuity was determined by puretone, air- and bone-conduction audiometry, and speech discrimination tests at triennial examinations over a 20-year follow-up period. Hearing decline was defined as a change from baseline in the average puretone air-conduction thresholds of > or = 20 dB at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz. The explanatory variables of interest were change since baseline in dentate status (cut points at < 1, < 17, and < 20 teeth), and in the number of teeth lost (linear). Linear and logistic regression models--which controlled for baseline audiological status, age, air-bone gap, and otoscopic examination at current visit--showed that subjects who went from having > or = 17 to < 17 teeth had 1.64 times (95% CI, 1.24-2.17) as high odds of having hearing decline as those with no change in their dentate status. For every tooth lost since baseline, there was a 1.04 times as high odds (95% CI, 1.02-1.06) for hearing decline, when additional baseline and time-varying covariates were taken into account in the model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada. herenia.lawrence@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Essick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Krall
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spiro
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Vokonas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001299:Audiometry; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011304:Presbycusis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014716:Vertical Dimension; D014728:Veterans