title: Comparison of luteal phase profile in gonadotrophin stimulated cycles with or without a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to explore luteal phase hormone profiles in gonadotrophin-stimulated cycles with or without gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist therapy during intrauterine insemination (IUI). Forty-one infertile couples were recruited in this randomized clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 19 patients included in group A were treated for 21 cycles with recombinant FSH 150 IU/day starting from day 3 of the cycle and with the GnRH antagonist cetrorelix at the dose of 0.25 mg/day starting from the day in which a follicle with a mean diameter of > or =14 mm was seen at ultrasound scan. Cetrorelix was administered until human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration. The 22 patients included in group B were administered recombinant FSH alone at the same dosage for 27 cycles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two treatment groups showed a similar increase in progesterone concentration during the luteal phase. In the mid-luteal phase (day 6 after HCG), oestradiol concentrations in group B were significantly higher compared with group A (P < 0.05) but the oestradiol:progesterone ratio was similar in the two groups. Serum LH was completely suppressed during the follicular phase only in group A, concomitantly with GnRH antagonist administration. A total of six pregnancies, all ongoing, were achieved (14.3% per patient and 12.2% per cycle), equally distributed in group A and in group B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GnRH antagonists can be safely administered in gonadotrophin-stimulated IUI cycles without luteal phase supplementation because no deleterious effects of GnRH antagonist administration were noted on luteal progesterone concentration or on the duration of the luteal phase.
authors.affiliation: Infertility Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Milan, Via Manfredo Fanti 6, 20122 Milan, Italy. ragni@telemacus.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ragni
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vegetti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baroni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnoldi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombroso
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Crosignani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005498:Follicular Phase; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008183:Luteal Phase; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C062876:cetrorelix