title: Effector lymphocytes in autoimmunity.
abstract: Autoimmune diseases result from complex interactions among different T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations that target a rapidly growing number of autoantigens on different cell types. The etiology of most spontaneous autoimmune disorders, and both the kinetics and hierarchy of the underlying autoimmune responses are poorly understood. However, important advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of how autoreactive lymphocytes cause tissue damage, including the discovery that granzyme B binds to a cell surface receptor on target cells. This review is an attempt to summarize recent developments in this area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Alberta T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada. psantama@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santamaria
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology; D053804:Granzymes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D053804:Granzymes; C509214:Gzmb protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases