title: Distribution and location of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PAH-degrading bacteria within polluted soil aggregates.
abstract: A study was conducted to determine the location and distribution of PAH and PAH-degrading bacteria in different aggregate size fractions of an industrially polluted soil. The estimation of PAH-degrading bacteria using an MPN microplate technique indicated that these bacteria are most numerous in the aggregate size fractions corresponding to fine silt (2-20 microm) and clay (<2 microm) compared to larger fractions or unfractionated soil. PAH concentrations were also highest in the aggregate size fraction corresponding to fine silt. Similar results were found in a spiked soil (incubated for 6 months) with similar carbonated minerals. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the autochtonous PAH-degrading bacteria were embedded in the aggregates where PAHs were abundant. In spite of this extensive co-localisation PAH degradation was limited during 6 months incubation. This indicates that factors other than spatial distribution and PAH degrading ability control degradation rates. The fine silt fraction of the industrial soil had an elevated C/N ratio (35) compared to the clay fraction (C/N: 16). Thus the fraction which assumably had the highest specific surface area contained less PAH but similar numbers of PAH-degraders. N thus seem to play an important role in the long term, but as PAH degradation was low in fine size fractions, other sources/factors were probably limiting (easily degradable C, P org, O2 etc.). Based on these findings, soil particle organization and structure of soil aggregates appear to be important for the characterization of a polluted soil (localization and sequestration). Manipulations that modify aggregation in polluted soils could thus potentially influence the accessibility and biodegradability of PAHs.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Pédologie-Biologique, UPR 6831 du CNRS associée à l'Université' Henri Poincaré-Nancy I, Vandaeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. amellal@cpb.cnrs-nancy.fr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amellal
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Portal
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berthelin
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010316:Particle Size; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants