Organization, structure and evolution of the CYP2 gene cluster on human chromosome 19.
The cytochrome P450 superfamily of mixed-function oxygenases has been extensively studied due to its many critical metabolic roles, and also because it is a fascinating example of gene family evolution. The cluster of genes on human chromosome 19 from the CYP2A, 2B, and 2F subfamilies has been previously described as having a complex organization and many pseudogenes. We describe the discovery of genes from three more CYP2 subfamilies inside the cluster, and assemble a complete map of the region. We comprehensively review the organization, structure, and expression of genes from all six subfamilies. A general hypothesis for the evolution of this complex gene cluster is also presented.
Hoffman
S M
SM
Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. hoffmasm@muohio.edu
Nelson
D R
DR
Keeney
D S
DS
D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / Q000235:genetics*; D065702:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023061:Gene Order; D006801:Humans; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010105:Oxygenases; C422564:CYP2S1 protein, human; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; C110333:Cyp2f2 protein, mouse; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C585599:CYP2B6 protein, human; C110332:CYP2F1 protein, human; D065702:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; C110331:cytochrome P-450 CYP2F3 (goat); C022657:steroid hormone 6-beta-hydroxylase; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating