title: A randomized trial of stenting with or without balloon predilation for the treatment of coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stent placement has historically been preceded by predilation of the target lesion with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Direct stent implantation, without predilation, has the potential to have a favorable impact on procedure cost by reducing the number of devices used, contrast administered, and procedure time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted a prospective randomized trial to compare the economic outcome of stenting with or without predilation. Inclusion criteria included intention to treat a single lesion with a coronary stent in a vessel with a reference diameter >2.4 mm. Exclusion criteria included total occlusions, culprit lesion within a saphenous vein graft, lesion length >25 mm, patients within 48 hours of an acute myocardial infarction, and patients unable to be treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. From September 1999 to March 2000, 77 patients were randomized to direct stent implantation (n = 37) or balloon-facilitated stenting (n = 40). Stent placement was successful in all patients. Crossover to predilation was required in 2 patients in the direct stent group because of inability to deliver the stent. Compared with balloon-facilitated stenting, direct stenting used fewer catheter devices (1.4 +/- 0.7 vs 2.5 +/- 0.8, P <.001), less contrast (92.7 +/- 43.1 mL vs 117.4 +/- 61.0 mL, P =.04), and less fluoroscopy time (7.5 +/- 3.9 minutes vs 11.6 +/- 8.3 minutes, P =.006). No difference in procedural complications or predischarge outcome was found. No difference in major adverse cardiovascular events was found at 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct stenting is a safe and successful procedure that reduces the number of devices used, fluoroscopy time, and contrast administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Kovar
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Monrad
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kunchithapatham
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ravi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gotsis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000191:economics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media