title: Silica deposition on the leaves of Mir- and Earth-grown Super Dwarf wheat.
abstract: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis were used to investigate the nature of crystals deposited on leaves of Mir- and Earth-grown Super Dwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. Leaves from these plants exhibited dense and uniformly distributed crystals on leaf abaxial surfaces when viewed by SEM. Young leaves showed that crystals initially accumulated around the stomata on the adaxial surface, but became more dense and uniformly distributed as the leaves aged. EDX microanalyses of the Balkanine (a nutrient charged clinoptilolite zeolite) medium in which the wheat plants were grown showed an elemental pattern similar to that observed on the wheat leaves. The absence of N and P in the Balkanine suggests that they were completely utilized by the plants. Only Si and O were evident in the drying agent, Sorb-it-Silica (TM), and perhaps could have accounted for some of the Si observed on the plant tissue. Grant numbers: NCC2-831, 84322-4810
authors.affiliation: Department Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4820, USA. bcampbell@mendel.usu.edu
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bubenheim
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Biesinger
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Strickland
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levinskikh
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Sytchev
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Podolsky
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chernova
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jahns
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D008021:Life Support Systems; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D013026:Space Flight; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014893:Weightlessness; D017641:Zeolites / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C083175:clinoptilolite; D017641:Zeolites; D012822:Silicon Dioxide