title: Thoracic epidural analgesia via the caudal approach in pediatric patients undergoing fundoplication using nerve stimulation guidance.
abstract: Epidural catheter placement using electrical stimulation guidance is an alternative approach for positioning the catheter into the thoracic region via the caudal space. This easily performed clinical assessment provides optimization of catheter tip positioning for achieving effective pain control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta Hospitals, 3B2.32 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, 8440-112 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7, Canada. btsui@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Entwistle
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haugen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kearney
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018662:Fundoplication; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011446:Prospective Studies