title: Conventional or endoscopic probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare conventional and endoscopic probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional probing was performed in 22 eyes of 18 patients, age range 7-14 months (mean 11.4 months). Probing was done with intranasal endoscopic visualization in 18 eyes of 14 patients, age range 7-13 months (mean 11.2 months). All were primary probing cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After conventional probing 2 of the 22 cases required reprobing. After endoscopic probing only 1 of the 18 cases required reprobing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In most cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction endoscopy is not required; however, in failed cases direct visualization of the inferior meatus with endoscopic guidance may be helpful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onerci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irkeç
mesh_terms: D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000151:congenital; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome