title: Herpes simplex virus pneumonia after cardiac surgery: report of a case.
abstract: A rare case of a 61-year-old man who developed herpes simplex virus (HSV) pneumonia after cardiac surgery is presented. He was immunocompetent before the operation and had no history of a mucocutaneous herpesvirus infection. This potentially fatal complication was successfully managed with acyclovir treatment after establishing the diagnosis with bronchoalveolar lavage. A depression of the patient's cell-mediated immunity after cardiopulmonary bypass may have been a causative factor. An unusual type of pneumonia such the HSV pneumonia seen in the present case should therefore be considered in patients with severe hypoxemia accompanied with unexplained pulmonary infiltrates after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass which does not improve with conventional treatment.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Kagoshima University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eizuru
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000212:Acyclovir