title: Persistence of viral pathogens and bacteriophages during sewage treatment: lack of correlation with indicator bacteria.
abstract: The effects of different sewage treatments on the viral contamination in rivers which receive water from treatment plants without a final sand filtration step were investigated. They were all heavily contaminated with bacteriophages and human enteric viruses (detected by single step reverse transcription amplification followed by a nested polymerase chain reaction). Bacteriophages, but not faecal indicator organisms, were correlated with viral contamination.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Cantonale Batteriosierologico, Lugano, Switzerland. franca.baggi@ti.ch
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baggi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demarta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peduzzi
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005618:Fresh Water; D030041:Hepatitis A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012722:Sewage; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage