title: Complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2.
abstract: Salmonella enterica subspecies I, serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium), is a leading cause of human gastroenteritis, and is used as a mouse model of human typhoid fever. The incidence of non-typhoid salmonellosis is increasing worldwide, causing millions of infections and many deaths in the human population each year. Here we sequenced the 4,857-kilobase (kb) chromosome and 94-kb virulence plasmid of S. typhimurium strain LT2. The distribution of close homologues of S. typhimurium LT2 genes in eight related enterobacteria was determined using previously completed genomes of three related bacteria, sample sequencing of both S. enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and hybridization of three unsequenced genomes to a microarray of S. typhimurium LT2 genes. Lateral transfer of genes is frequent, with 11% of the S. typhimurium LT2 genes missing from S. enterica serovar Typhi (S. typhi), and 29% missing from Escherichia coli K12. The 352 gene homologues of S. typhimurium LT2 confined to subspecies I of S. enterica-containing most mammalian and bird pathogens-are useful for studies of epidemiology, host specificity and pathogenesis. Most of these homologues were previously unknown, and 50 may be exported to the periplasm or outer membrane, rendering them accessible as therapeutic or vaccine targets.
authors.affiliation: Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, 10835 Altman Row, San Diego, California 92121, USA. mmcclelland@skcc.org
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McClelland
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spieth
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Clifton
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Latreille
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Courtney
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porwollik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dante
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Layman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grewal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mulvaney
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Florea
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stoneking
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nhan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waterston
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011544:Pseudogenes; D022562:Salmonella Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D022562:Salmonella Vaccines