title: Protein tyrosine nitration in mouse peritoneal macrophages activated in vitro and in vivo: evidence against an essential role of peroxynitrite.
abstract: Tyrosine nitration is considered a key reaction of peroxynitrite-triggered tissue injury in inflammatory diseases. We investigated the potential involvement of peroxynitrite in protein tyrosine nitration in isolated murine peritoneal macrophages activated either in vitro with interferon-gamma/lipopolysaccharide or in vivo by priming mice with Corynebacterium parvum (10 mgxkg-1). Both protocols led to release of NO and accumulation of nitrite accompanied by formation of protein-bound 3-nitrotyrosine. Oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123, a measure of peroxynitrite release, remained close to basal levels upon in vitro activation of the macrophages but was increased approximately twofold in vivo. Tyrosine nitration in macrophages activated in vitro was inhibited by catalase and the time course of nitration correlated with nitrite accumulation, whereas superoxide (O2*-) and H2O2 release occurred at much earlier times. To address the contribution of O2*- and peroxynitrite to in vivo nitration, a O2*- scavenger (MnTBAP; 1 mgxkg-1) was given to C. parvum-primed mice. MnTBAP led to almost complete inhibition of C. parvum-triggered O2*- and peroxynitrite release, whereas nitrite accumulation and formation of 3-nitrotyrosine were less affected ( approximately 50% of controls). These results argue against an essential role of peroxynitrite in protein tyrosine nitration in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lass
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008665:Metalloporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000276:immunology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013864:Thioglycolates / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D011506:Proteins; D013864:Thioglycolates; C097284:manganese(III)-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin; D013481:Superoxides; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014443:Tyrosine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009195:Peroxidase