title: Mouse offspring after microinjection of heated spermatozoa.
abstract: The thermostability of the mammalian sperm genome was previously reported, but no live offspring after conception with heated spermatozoa had yet been obtained. In the present study, mouse spermatozoa were heated at 56 degrees C for 30 min and microinjected into mouse oocytes. Fertilization did not occur unless activation was induced by incubation in a calcium-free medium containing strontium. Under these conditions fertilization and cleavage rates were comparable to those obtained after microinjection of control spermatozoa, but the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage was lower. When transferred to foster mothers, embryos derived from heated sperm developed into phenotypically normal offspring, which grew and reproduced normally. In the mouse, heated spermatozoa can therefore support full embryonic development after microinjection into oocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Histologie et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Equipe d'Accueil 2138, UFR Science Médecine Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cozzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monier-Gavelle
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lièvre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bomsel
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008845:Microinjections; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*