title: Laparoscopic muscle electrostimulation during laparoscopy-assisted anorectal pull-through for high imperforate anus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our technique for laparoscopic muscle electrostimulation during laparoscopy-assisted anorectal pull-through (LAARPT) for high imperforate anus (HIA) in 3 patients is described.
  
  
  METHODS
  The distal rectum and rectourethral fistula is dissected laparoscopically. A muscle stimulator is passed through one of the trocars and used to identify the center of contraction of the levator ani. The same muscle stimulator is used to identify the center of the external sphincter muscle transcutaneously. An intravenous cannulation device (SURFLO Flash IV catheter, TERUMO, CO, Yamanashi, Japan) is inserted through this proposed anus and observed piercing the center of the levator ani. A guide wire is passed through the SURFLO, and a series of dilators are passed along it to create a canal for the colonic pull-through. An anoplasty then was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our technique was successful in all patients. Laparoscopic electrostimulation produced good levator ani contraction in patients I and II and weak contraction in patient III. Patients I and II have symmetrical anal contraction during rectal examination, but patient III has poor contraction. Stool frequency is decreasing in all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct laparoscopic observation of levator ani contraction allows intraoperative assessment of functional contractility and assists in the accurate placement of the colonic pull-through.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamataka
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Segawa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kameoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyano
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000502:physiology*; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000601:surgery*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery