title: Systemic tizanidine hydrochloride (Zanaflex) relieves thermal hyperalgesia in rats with an experimental mononeuropathy.
abstract: We sought to determine whether tizanidine, an alpha2-agonist, relieved thermal hyperalgesia in rats with surgically induced neuropathic pain. We used a Sprague-Dawley rat model in which a chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve caused the rats to develop postural changes, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia. Thermal hyperalgesia was verified through paw withdrawal latency (PWL). PWL was tested before surgery, after surgery, and after injections with tizanidine (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg) or normal saline. Ambulatory and total movements were evaluated by placing the rats in activity cages. Thermal hyperalgesia was induced in all rats after surgery. Tizanidine, but not saline, caused a significant improvement in PWL (P < 0.05), with complete reversal of thermal hyperalgesia at all doses on postoperative Day 6. Rats who received tizanidine 2 mg/kg maintained complete reversal of thermal hyperalgesia through postoperative Day 9. Some sedation was observed with tizanidine 2 mg/kg, but not with smaller doses. We conclude that tizanidine effectively reversed thermal hyperalgesia in a rat model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study was conducted to determine whether tizanidine could attenuate the thermal hyperalgesia that occurs in rats with surgically induced chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve. Tizanidine was effective in reducing sensitivity to heat, as measured by paw withdrawal latency, and did not cause sedation at smaller doses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hord
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Chalfoun
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Denson
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003000:Clonidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D020426:Sciatic Neuropathy / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; C023754:tizanidine; D003000:Clonidine