title: Patient selection for magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for local staging of prostate cancer is controversial, due to moderate staging performance. However, MR imaging may be beneficial in a subgroup of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define the patient group in which local staging of prostate cancer using MR imaging is useful for treatment outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a decision analytic model based on data found in the literature to define the patient subgroup which may benefit from local staging with MR imaging. We applied the threshold approach to calculate the threshold where direct surgery and surgery after MR imaging (surgery-MR imaging threshold) result in equal utility. Additionally, we calculated the threshold where direct radiation and radiation after MR imaging (MR imaging-radiotherapy threshold) result in equal utility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the surgery-MR imaging threshold was at a probability of 45% of having stage > or =T(3) disease. The MR imaging-radiotherapy threshold was at a prior probability of 81% of having stage > or =T(3) disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of the threshold approach indicated that MR imaging should be limited to patients with an intermediate-high risk of having stage T(3) disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre, St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. M.Engelbrecht@rdiag.azn.nl
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Engelbrecht
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Severens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003663:Decision Trees; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy