title: Novel drug delivery system to bone using acidic oligopeptide: pharmacokinetic characteristics and pharmacological potential.
abstract: We synthesized fifteen oligopeptides consisting of Asp or Glu conjugated with a fluorescent probe, 9- fluorenylmethylchloroformate (Fmoc). In the in vitro binding assay to putative hydroxyapatite (HA), the affinities of these conjugates depended only on the number of amino acid residues, not on their optical characters (L or D) or their species (Asp or Glu). In an in vivo experiment involving a single i.v. injection of Fmoc-D-Asp oligopeptides into mice, peptides consisting of over six Asp residues were selectively distributed to the bone. Then, we synthesized estradiol-17 beta-succinate-(L-Asp)6 [E2-(L-Asp)6] and studied its pharmacokinetic characteristics and its antiosteoporotic effects on ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Although the distribution volume of E2-(L-Asp)6 was significantly smaller than that of E2, E2-(L-Asp)6 was selectively distributed in the bone after i.v. injection and gradually decreased during 7 days. E2-(L-Asp)6 effectively prevented OVX-induced bone loss, without altering the uterine weight, in the dosage range of 0.11 to 1.1 mumol/kg once a week, while E2 increased both the bone mineral density and uterine weight at 0.37 mumol/kg every third day. The results suggest that acidic oligopeptide may be useful for drug delivery to bone and E2-(L-Asp)6 is a good candidate as an anti-osteoporosis drug without the adverse side effects of E2.
authors.affiliation: Department of  Biosynthetic Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Horuriku University, Kanazawa, Japan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekido
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawanishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masamune
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasugai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokogawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D017886:Durapatite / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005449:Fluorenes; D051379:Mice; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005449:Fluorenes; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol; D017886:Durapatite; C054007:1-(9-fluorenyl)methyl chloroformate