title: Surgical management of choanal atresia: improved outcome using mitomycin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the intraoperative use of mitomycin to improve the surgical outcome and reduce the rate of soft tissue restenosis in children undergoing choanal atresia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review of all patients surgically treated for congenital choanal atresia by the senior author (W.F.M).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight consecutive patients with bony choanal atresia (6 unilateral and 2 bilateral) were compared with 15 historical controls (6 unilateral and 9 bilateral). All study and historical control patients were treated with soft plastic postoperative stenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  At the completion of the surgical repair of the choanal atresia, 0.4 mg/mL of topical mitomycin was applied to the posterior choanae for 3 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The success rate of the repair of the choanal atresia as determined by the postoperative need for dilation or revision surgical procedures was compared with that of the historical controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 8 children with intraoperative use of mitomycin were treated with a mean +/- SEM of 0.375 +/- 0.183 dilations per patient. The 15 children in the control group received a mean +/- SEM of 3.667 +/- 0.583 postoperative dilations for soft tissue restenosis. The difference in the number of postoperative dilations between the study and control group was statistically significant (P =.006) using a t test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mitomycin is an effective and reliable treatment for improving the surgical outcome for choanal atresia repair. This may obviate the need for postoperative dilations and may potentially eliminate the need for surgical stenting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Brenner Children's Hospital, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1034, USA.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: McGuirt
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D016685:Mitomycin