title: Electrochemical removal of ammonium ions from a bioreactor effluent.
abstract: Ammonium ions are byproducts of the oxidation of nitrogen-containing substances occurring in the initial treatment steps of water recovery systems. Removal of ammonium ions from the effluent stream from 1000 ppm to less than 0.25 ppm is an imperative need as a part of the space life support infrastructure. Drawbacks associated with processes proposed in the past include the generation of a secondary waste, cost, size, and/or the use of consumables that need to be stored or supplied. Lynntech has developed a technology that is based on an innovative, environmentally friendly electrochemical process for the effective removal of ammonium ions. The process does not use consumables except for oxygen gas from air, and does not generate a secondary waste. By controlling operational conditions, the ammonium ions may be transformed to nitrogen gas and/or to nitrate ions. Other advantages of the process include: it is energy efficient, operates at room temperature, and is microgravity compatible. Grant numbers: NAS9-00013.
authors.affiliation: Lynntech, Inc., College Station, TX 77840, USA. jinseong.kim@lynntech.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Martin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rutherford
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D003956:Dialysis; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004572:Electrolysis; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013026:Space Flight / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D009584:Nitrogen