title: Locomotor response to novelty predicts a rat's propensity to self-administer nicotine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A positive correlation between responding to novelty and propensity to subsequently self-administer a drug has been reported for opioids and psychomotor stimulants but remains to be investigated for nicotine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The possibility that locomotor responding to novelty can predict a rat's propensity to self-administer nicotine was therefore assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats' locomotor response to a novel environment was assessed, and animals were subsequently tested for their self-administration of nicotine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive correlations were obtained between responding to novelty and acquisition of nicotine self-administration over 12 days of testing under fixed-ratio schedules as well as subsequent responding for the drug under a progressive-ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. When designated as high (HR) or low (LR) responders based on whether their locomotor responses on the novelty screen were above or below the median activity level of the subject sample, HR animals, compared with LR rats, acquired nicotine self-administration more readily and worked more to obtain the drug when tested under the PR schedule.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are consistent with those obtained with other drugs and suggest that locomotor responding to a novel environment can be used to predict a rat's propensity to self-administer nicotine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Committee on Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3077, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suto
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vezina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005544:Forecasting; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine