Intracellular targeting of proteins by sumoylation.
A novel host cell posttranslational modification system, termed sumoylation, has recently been characterized. Sumoylation is an enzymatic process that is biochemically analogous to, but functionally distinct from, ubiquitinylation. As in ubiquitinylation, sumoylation involves the covalent attachment of a small protein moiety, SUMO, to substrate proteins. However, conjugation of SUMO does not typically lead to degradation of the substrate and instead has a more diverse array of effects on substrate function. As the list of sumoylation substrates has expanded, a common theme is that many substrates exhibit sumoylation-dependent subcellular distribution. While the molecular mechanisms by which sumoylation targets protein localization are still poorly understood, it is clear that this modification system is an important regulator of intracellular protein localization, particularly involving nuclear uptake and punctate intranuclear accumulation.
Wilson
V G
VG
Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843-1114, USA. v-wilson@tamu.edu
Rangasamy
D
D
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000737:chemistry; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C092317:RANGAP1 protein, human; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins; C062236:dl protein, Drosophila; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D008025:Ligases; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9