title: Validation of a novel high-sensitivity radioimmunoassay procedure for measurement of total thyroxine concentration in psittacine birds and snakes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate a novel high-sensitivity radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure developed to accurately measure the relatively low serum total thyroxine (T4) concentrations of birds and reptiles and to establish initial reference ranges forT4 concentration in selected species of psittacine birds and snakes.
  
  
  METHODS
  56 healthy nonmolting adult psittacine birds representing 6 species and 42 captive snakes representing 4 species.
  
  
  METHODS
  A solid-phase RIA designed to measure free T4 concentrations in dialysates of human serum samples was used without dialysis to evaluate total T4 concentration in treated samples obtained from birds and reptiles. Serum T4 binding components were removed to allow assay of undialyzed samples. Assay validation was assessed by determining recovery of expected amounts of T4 in treated samples that were serially diluted or to which T4 was added. Intra- and interassay coefficient of variation (CV) was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean recovery of T4 added at 4 concentrations ranged from 84.9 to 115.0% and 95.8 to 119.4% in snakes and birds, respectively. Intra- and interassay CV was 3.8 and 11.3%, respectively. Serum total T4 concentrations for 5 species of birds ranged from 2.02 to 768 nmol/L but ranged from 3.17 to 142 nmol/L for blue-fronted Amazon parrots; concentrations ranged from 0.21 to 6.06 nmol/L for the 4 species of snakes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new RIA method provides a commercially available, accurate, and sensitive method for measurement of the relatively low serum T4 concentrations of birds and snakes. Initial ranges for the species evaluated were established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Greenacre
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Behrend
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000097:blood; D011563:Psittaciformes / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012911:Snakes / Q000097:blood*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D013974:Thyroxine