Cerebrospinal fluid from patients with neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases: no evidence for rat glial activation in vitro.
To determine the possible contribution of glial cells via oxidative stress/cytokine secretion in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or multiple sclerosis (MS) the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) (by the Griess method) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were measured in resting rat microglial and astrocytic cell culture supernatants stimulated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (dilution 1:4, 1:10) from patients with the aforementioned diseases. Neither the concentration of NO (optical density at 450 nm: control, 0.036+/-0.006; MS, 0.034+/-0.008; AD, 0.031+/-0.006; PD, 0.02+/-0.01; lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 0.26+/-0.018) nor the amount of IL-6 (ng/ml: control, 0.112+/-0.026; PD, 0.12+/-0.027; MS, 0.123+/-0.008; ALS, 0.137+/-0.01; LPS, 1.81+/-0.11) differed in any disease group from those of unaffected controls. These findings suggest that the stimuli for inflammatory activation of glia are quite localized and not present in sufficient concentrations in the CSF of affected patients.
Wilms
H
H
Klinik für Neurologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Niemannsweg 147, 24105 Kiel, Germany. h.wilms@neurologie.uni-kiel.de
Rosenstiel
P
P
Sievers
J
J
Deuschl
G
G
Lucius
R
R
D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005911:Gliosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma