title: Feasibility of a music intervention protocol for patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Music has been found to be an effective nonpharmacologic adjunct for managing anxiety and promoting relaxation in limited trials of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation. No data are available to determine the effect of the intervention over repeated trials or to determine whether patients or staff will use music intervention independently.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the feasibility of a patient-initiated music intervention protocol over a 3-day trial and to discern the associated barriers to adherence by study participants and nursing staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two adult critical care units contained in 1 university-affiliated tertiary care center in the urban Midwest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five alert, critically ill adults receiving mechanical ventilatory support.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient-selected music listening via audiotapes and head-phones with frequency and length of session determined by each patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anxiety, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and identified barriers to protocol adherence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects averaged 2 self-initiated music interventions (mode = 3; range = 1-5) and listened for an average of 67.8 minutes per session (SD 34.3; mode = 50; range = 25-120 minutes). Barriers to this intervention included inaccessibility of the equipment and lack of knowledge and experience of the nursing staff. Due to missing data, physiological measures were not interpretable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient-initiated music is a feasible intervention protocol: subjects were able to request music independently and nursing staff were cooperative. Findings will be used in future studies to refine the protocol and attendant measures to implement music intervention in the critical care setting and to develop detailed staff education materials.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Center for Spirituality and Healing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chlan
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome