title: Comparison of fibronectin content in urinary macromolecules between normal subjects and recurrent stone formers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibronectin (FN: 230 kD) is a multifunctional alpha(2)-glycoprotein distributed throughout the extracellular matrix and body fluids. Recent studies have shown that a variety of molecules, including FN, inhibit the endocytosis of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in vitro. We recently reported that FN was oversecreted from the renal tubular cells as a result of the stimulation of CaOx crystals, and inhibited the aggregation of CaOx crystals and the adhesion of CaOx crystals to the renal tubular cells. In the present study, we investigated the difference of FN content in urinary macromolecules (UMMs) between normal subjects and recurrent stone formers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urinary parameters in relation to urolithiasis of normal subjects and recurrent stone formers were measured. Proteins in extracted UMMs from urine of normal subjects and recurrent stone formers were measured with a BioRad protein assay, GAGs in each UMMs with a modified DMB assay and the FN content with the ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In urinary parameters, citrate was significantly higher in urine from normal subjects (female) than normal subjects (male) or recurrent stone formers, and the other parameters showed no differences between each group. The protein concentrations in UMMs showed no differences between each group. Normal subjects (male and female) showed a significantly higher concentration of GAGs than recurrent stone formers (with and without silent stone). Compared with normal subjects and recurrent stone formers without silent stones, higher FN levels were found in recurrent stone formers with silent stones. Normal subjects showed a significantly higher concentration of FN than recurrent stone formers without silent stones. No difference in FN level was shown between normal subjects (male) and normal subjects (female).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recurrent stone formers with silent stones showed a significantly higher concentration of FN in UMMs than normal subjects. This finding suggests that FN might be oversecreted from the renal tubular cells as a result of the stimulation of CaOx stones in vivo. Recurrent stone formers without silent stones showed a significantly lower concentration of FN in UMMs than normal subjects. From this finding it is suggested that FN might play a role as a potent inhibitor of CaOx urolithiasis in a clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. tsuji@uro.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujihata
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakimoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okuyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000652:urine*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012016:Reference Values; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D019343:Citric Acid