title: TYK2 and JAK2 are substrates of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
abstract: The reversible tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins, modulated by the coordinated actions of protein-tyrosine kinases and protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), regulates the cellular response to a wide variety of stimuli. It is established that protein kinases possess discrete sets of substrates and that substrate recognition is often dictated by the presence of consensus phosphorylation sites. Here, we have extended this concept to the PTPs and demonstrated that (E/D)-pY-pY-(R/K) is a consensus substrate recognition motif for PTP1B. We have shown that JAK2 and TYK2 are substrates of PTP1B and that the substrate recognition site within theses kinases is similar to the site of dephosphorylation previously identified within the insulin receptor. A substrate-trapping mutant of PTP1B formed a stable interaction with JAK2 and TYK2 in response to interferon stimulation. Expression of wild type or substrate-trapping mutant PTP1B inhibited interferon-dependent transcriptional activation. Finally, mouse embryo fibroblasts deficient in PTP1B displayed subtle changes in tyrosine phosphorylation, including hyperphosphorylation of JAK2. The closely related JAK family member, JAK1, which does not match the consensus dephosphorylation site, was not recognized as a substrate. These data illustrate that PTP1B may be an important physiological regulator of cytokine signaling and that it may be possible to derive consensus substrate recognition motifs for other members of the PTP family, which may then be used to predict novel physiological substrates.
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Parisien
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salmeen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barford
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Tonks
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D053634:TYK2 Kinase
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; C507926:Jak2 protein, mouse; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D053634:TYK2 Kinase; C070139:TYK2 protein, human; C516607:PTPN1 protein, human; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C516609:Ptpn1 protein, mouse