title: The Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study: interim quality of life findings after initial medical or surgical treatment of glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present interim quality of life (QOL) findings in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS) using all available follow-up through 5 years from treatment initiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred seven newly diagnosed patients with open-angle glaucoma from 14 clinical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to either initial medical therapy or initial trabeculectomy. After treatment initiation and early follow-up, patients received clinical and QOL evaluations at 6-month intervals. QOL assessments were administered by telephone at a centralized interviewing center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CIGTS collected comprehensive QOL information that included both generic and vision-specific QOL measures. This article focuses on initial treatment group differences related to symptom reporting, as measured by a Symptom and Health Problem Checklist, and changes in daily visual functioning, as measured by the Visual Activities Questionnaire (VAQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Across both treatment groups, there was an overall decline in the percent of participants reporting symptoms over time. Of 43 possible symptoms, 12 symptoms were reported with greater frequency by the surgically treated group and 7 symptoms more frequently by the medically-treated group. The surgical patients reported more total Symptom Impact Glaucoma (P = 0.005) and, in particular, more bother related to local eye symptoms. Very few treatment group differences were noted in visual functioning, although surgical patients reported more problems with activities related to their visual acuity (P = 0.024). The percentage of patients across treatment groups reporting worry about blindness was 50% at baseline but declined to approximately 25% over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the QOL impact reported by the two treatment groups as measured by instruments used in this study is remarkably similar, with relatively few significant study group differences observed after up to 5 years of follow-up in the CIGTS. When significant differences in visual function have been detected using the VAQ, they are consistent with the clinical outcomes. To date, the most persistent QOL finding is the increased impact of local eye symptoms reported by the surgical group compared with the medical group. Although no changes are recommended in the treatment of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients at the time of this interim report, further follow-up will allow for more definitive answers to the QOL impact of these two treatment approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Janz
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wren
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lichter
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Musch
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Guire
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions