title: Late results on the surgical treatment of Chagasic megaesophagus with the Thal-Hatafuku procedure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chagas' disease has a wide distribution in Central and South America. It is endemic in 21 countries, with 16 to 18 million persons infected and 100 million at risk. Surgical treatment of achalasia from Chagas' disease is the first choice in advanced stages. The aim of this study was to analyze the late clinical followup of 50 patients operated on for Chagas megaesophagus with the Thal-Harafuku procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the period of January 1966 to January 1993, 50 patients suffering from advanced achalasia from Chagas' disease were submitted to the Thal-Hatafuku procedure. The patients answered a questionnaire concerning the most relevant postoperative symptoms. The Thal-Hatafuku procedure was performed as the first surgical option (46 patients), and on reoperations because of failure of other surgical techniques (4 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean followup was 63.11 months for the 44 patients with longterm followup. Postoperative complications included surgical site infection (3 of 50 patients), urinary infections (3 of 50 patients), atelectasis (2 of 50 patients), pleural effusion (2 of 50 patients), and deep venous thrombosis (1 of 50 patients). The main symptoms found in the postoperative period were dysphagia (20 of 44 patients), heartburn (11 of 44 patients), vomiting (13 of 44 patients), and retrosternal pain (6 of 44 patients). Eleven patients of the 44 remained asymptomatic at the end of the followup period. Outcomes were analyzed according to the modified Visick classification. Visick classes I and II represented 25% and 27.3%, respectively. Eighteen patients (40.9%) were classified as Visick III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the Thal-Hatafuku operation is a therapeutic option that should be considered in the treatment of achalasia of the esophagus secondary to Chagas' disease, in advanced cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: da Nóbrega Júnior
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Bacelar
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ferraz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000601:surgery*; D004944:Esophagoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome