title: Rats expressing human cytosolic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase transgenes with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: associated mutations develop motor neuron disease.
abstract: Some cases of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are caused by mutations in the gene encoding cytosolic, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1). We report here that rats that express a human SOD1 transgene with two different ALS-associated mutations (G93A and H46R) develop striking motor neuron degeneration and paralysis. As in the human disease and transgenic ALS mice, pathological analysis demonstrates selective loss of motor neurons in the spinal cords of these transgenic rats. In spinal cord tissues, this is accompanied by activation of apoptotic genes known to be activated by mutant SOD1 protein in vitro and in vivo. These animals provide additional support for the proposition that motor neuron death in SOD1-related ALS reflects one or more acquired, neurotoxic properties of the mutant SOD1 protein. The larger size of this rat model as compared with the ALS mice will facilitate studies involving manipulations of spinal fluid (implantation of intrathecal catheters for chronic therapeutic studies; CSF sampling) and spinal cord (e.g., direct administration of viral- and cell-mediated therapies).
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Institute for Experimental Animals, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasinelli
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoyama
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008845:Microinjections; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D019581:Neuropil / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; C109415:SOD1 G93A protein; C000606291:Sod1 protein, mouse; C000606292:Sod1 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D020169:Caspases