title: Female victims of intimate partner physical domestic violence (IPP-DV), California 1998.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was conducted to identify factors associated with adult female victims of intimate partner physical domestic violence (IPP-DV) in California and to estimate statewide IPP-DV prevalence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from the 1998 California Women's Health Survey, a random, computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey of 4006 California women aged > or = 18, conducted by the California Department of Health Services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from the survey indicated that 6% of the women reported that in the previous 12 months, their intimate partners threw objects at them, or hit them with an object, or kicked, pushed, slapped, choked, beat up, or threatened them with a gun or a knife. Odds ratio (OR) analyses controlling for age and race/ethnicity suggest that a large number of factors are associated statistically with IPP-DV victims. These factors include feelings of ill physical and mental health; pregnancies at early age; smoking status; nutritional needs; low income; participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program; having children aged < 18 in the household; and limited access to health care. Among the non-U.S.-born respondents, IPP-DV victims were significantly younger when they entered the United States than their nonvictim counterparts. A multiple logistic regression model identified the following factors as main correlates with IPP-DV: feelings of being overwhelmed in the past 30 days (OR = 3.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.5-4.6); aged 18 to 44 (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.9-4.1); current smoking status (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.5-2.9); participation in WIC in the previous 2 years (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2-2.6); and being out of work (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above findings suggest that a variety of venues (e.g., schools, mental and physical health care providers, WIC, immigration programs, and social services) will be needed in order to identify/gain access to IPP-DV victims, provide referral resources, and implement any future prevention efforts.
authors.affiliation: California Department of Health Services, Maternal and Child Health Branch, Sacramento, California 95814, USA. zweinbau@dhs.ca.gov
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Weinbaum
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Stratton
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Motylewski-Link
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Courtney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012923:Social Class