title: Clinical aspects of intratumoral gene therapy.
abstract: One of the major obstacles to the development of gene therapy for cancer is our inability to deliver genes to all targets within the body. Thus, effective methodology does not exist to deliver a gene intravenously with the expectation that it will selectively localize within the target tumor, will not localize in other tissues and will be expressed efficiently. While one can take advantage of tissue-specific promoters to activate the gene only in a given target tissue, only a small fraction of the vector will be taken up in the target tissue and expressed. Consequently, since accessible local or regional tumor masses are a major problem in many cancers, there has been a strong emphasis on clinical trials in intratumoral and peritumoral gene delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA. Akporiay@U.Arizona.edu
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Akporiaye
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hersh
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics) / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019470:Biolistics; D001682:Biological Availability; D001711:Biotransformation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005813:Genes, Synthetic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: C410262:1,2-dioleoyl-glycero-3-phosphatidyl ethanolamine; D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics); D016207:Cytokines; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004798:Enzymes; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D011355:Prodrugs; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014764:Viral Proteins; C087276:(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium; D013937:Thymidine Kinase