The Fc gamma receptor genotype as a severity factor for chronic periodontitis in Japanese patients.
BACKGROUND
Functional polymorphisms of immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc receptors (Fc gamma R) have been shown to be associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) or recurrence of chronic periodontitis (CP) in Japanese patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Fc gamma R polymorphisms are also associated with severity of CP.


METHODS
Fifty Japanese non-smoking patients with severe CP and 39 Japanese non-smoking patients with moderate CP were identified according to established clinical criteria, including measurements of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and alveolar bone loss (BL). Fc gamma R genotypes for 3 bi-allelic polymorphisms (Fc gamma RIIa-R/H131, Fc gamma RIIIa-158V/F, Fc gamma RIIIb-NA1/NA2) were determined in these CP patients and 64 race-matched, non-smoking healthy controls by means of allele-specific polymerase chain reactions.


RESULTS
There was a significant over-representation of Fc gamma RIIIa-158V allele in severe CP patients compared to moderate CP patients (odds ratio 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-4.01, chi 2 = 4.86, P = 0.028). In addition, we found a strong association between CP severity and Fc gamma R composite genotype comprising Fc gamma RIIIa-158V plus Fc gamma RIIIb-NA2 (severe CP versus moderate CP: odds ratio 4.69, 95% CI 1.52-15.10, chi 2 = 9.35, P = 0.002; severe CP versus healthy controls: odds ratio 4.10, 95% CI 1.62-10.59, chi 2 = 11.13, P = 0.0009). Moreover, CP patients positive for the composite genotype exhibited more severe signs of periodontitis than composite genotype-negative individuals (positive versus negative; mean PD: 3.8 mm versus 3.2 mm, P = 0.005; mean CAL: 4.5 mm versus 3.7 mm, P = 0.005; mean % BL: 37.6% versus 29.9%, P = 0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results document the Fc gamma RIIIa-158V allele and possibly Fc gamma RIIIb-NA2 to be associated with severity of CP in Japanese patients.
Kobayashi
T
T
Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. kotetsuo@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
Yamamoto
K
K
Sugita
N
N
van der Pol
W L
WL
Yasuda
K
K
Kaneko
S
S
van de Winkel
J G
JG
Yoshie
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000235:genetics; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D012008:Recurrence
D007519:Isoantigens; D017452:Receptors, IgG; C067704:neutrophil-specific antigen NA1, human; C072753:neutrophil-specific antigen NA2