Intubating laryngeal mask airway, laryngeal tube, 1100 ml self-inflating bag-alternatives for basic life support?
Insufficient oxygenation, ventilation and gastric inflation with subsequent regurgitation of stomach contents is a major hazard of bag-valve-face mask ventilation during the basic life support phase of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The European Resuscitation Council has recommended smaller tidal volumes of approximately 500 ml as an effort to reduce gastric inflation; furthermore, the intubating laryngeal mask airway and the laryngeal tube have been recently developed in order to provide rapid ventilation and to secure the airway. The purpose of our study was to examine whether usage of a newly developed medium-size self-inflating bag (maximum volume, 1100 ml) in association with the intubating laryngeal mask airway, and laryngeal tube may provide adequate lung ventilation, while reducing the risk of gastric inflation in a bench model simulating the initial phase of CPR. Twenty house officers volunteered for our study. When using the laryngeal tube, and the intubating laryngeal mask airway, respectively, the medium-size (maximum volume, 1100 ml) versus adult (maximum volume, 1500 ml) self-inflating bag resulted in significantly (P<0.05) lower mean+/-S.E.M. lung tidal volumes (605+/-22 vs. 832+/-4 ml, and 666+/-27 vs. 887+/-37 ml, respectively), but comparable peak airway pressures. No gastric inflation occurred when using both devices with either ventilation bag. In conclusion, both the intubating laryngeal mask airway and laryngeal tube in combination with both an 1100 and 1500 ml maximum volume self inflating bag proved to be valid alternatives for emergency airway management in a bench model of a simulated unintubated cardiac arrest victim.
Dörges
V
V
Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany. v.doerges@t-online.de
Wenzel
V
V
Schumann
T
T
Neubert
E
E
Ocker
H
H
Gerlach
K
K
D000328:Adult; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013271:Gastric Dilatation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008348:Manikins; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013990:Tidal Volume