title: Evaluation of human exposure to ambient PM10 in the metropolitan area of Mexico City using a GIS-based methodology.
abstract: The main goal of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of outdoor exposure to fine particulate matter (PM10) potentially experienced by the population of metropolitan Mexico City. With the use of a geographic information system (GIS), spatially resolved PM10 distributions were generated and linked to the local population. The PM10 concentration exceeded the 24-hr air quality standard of 150 microg/m3 on 16% of the days, and the annual air quality standard of 50 microg/m3 was exceeded by almost twice its value in some places. The basic methodology described in this paper integrates spatial demographic and air quality databases, allowing the evaluation of various air pollution reduction scenarios. Achieving the annual air quality standard would represent a reduction in the annual arithmetic average concentration of 14 microg/m3 for the typical inhabitant. Human exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with mortality and morbidity in Mexico City; reducing the concentration levels of this pollutant would represent a reduction in mortality and morbidity and the associated cost of such impacts. This methodology is critical to assessing the potential benefits of the current initiative to improve air quality implemented by the Environmental Metropolitan Commission of Mexico City.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1772, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cicero-Fernandez
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosales
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cesar
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dorland
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004782:Environmental Health; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009017:Morbidity; D009026:Mortality; D010316:Particle Size; D011634:Public Health; D011640:Public Policy; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants