title: Interleukin-4 reversibly inhibits osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of NF-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.
abstract: To define the molecular mechanism(s) by which interleukin (IL)-4 reversibly inhibits formation of osteoclasts (OCs) from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs), we examined the capacity of this T cell-derived cytokine to impact signals known to modulate osteoclastogenesis, which include those initiated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), receptor for activation of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-1. We find that although pretreatment of BMMs with IL-4 does not alter M-CSF signaling, it reversibly blocks RANKL-dependent activation of the NF-kappa B, JNK, p38, and ERK signals. IL-4 also selectively inhibits TNF signaling, while enhancing that of IL-1. Contrary to previous reports, we find that MEK inhibitors dose-dependently inhibit OC differentiation. To identify more proximal signals mediating inhibition of OC formation by IL-4, we used mice lacking STAT6 or SHIP1, two adapter proteins that bind the IL-4 receptor. IL-4 fails to inhibit RANKL/M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis by BMMs derived from STAT6-, but not SHIP1-, knockout mice. Consistent with this observation, the inhibitory effects of IL-4 on RANKL-induced NF-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation are STAT6-dependent. We conclude that IL-4 reversibly arrests osteoclastogenesis in a STAT6-dependent manner by 1) preventing I kappa B phosphorylation and thus NF-kappa B activation, and 2) blockade of the JNK, p38, and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Michael W-H
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Teitelbaum
authors.forename: F Patrick
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor