title: Smoking cessation counseling practices of general practitioners in Montreal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the cost-effectiveness of physician smoking cessation counseling, many physicians do not adhere to current clinical practice guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional mail survey was conducted in a random sample of general practitioners in Montreal to document cessation-counseling practices and identify correlates of these activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 440 eligible general practitioners, 337 (77%) completed the questionnaire. Despite favorable beliefs/attitudes about cessation counseling, only 10.5% of general practitioners provided "thorough" counseling. While high proportions of general practitioners ascertained smoking status and encouraged patients to quit, relatively few offered adjunct support (i.e., for patients preparing to quit, 49.8% offered follow-up visits; 42.5% offered educational material; 20% referred patients to community resources). Correlates of counseling completeness included high self-efficacy to provide counseling (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (1.1-3.6)) and favorable beliefs/attitudes about counseling (OR = 3.6 (2.0-6.4)). Correlates of ascertaining smoking status included female gender (OR = 2.3 (1.5-3.5)), high self-efficacy (OR = 3.5 (2.0-5.9)), and favorable beliefs/attitudes (OR = 2.7 (1.6-4.5)). Correlates of offering adjunct support included female gender (OR = 1.9 (1.1-3.2)), awareness of stages of change (OR = 2.4 (1.3-4.4)), and knowledge of community resources to help patients quit (OR = 2.3 (1.3-3.9)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Support, training, and intervention programs to overcome lack of awareness and knowledge, unfavorable beliefs/attitudes, and low self-efficacy could increase and enhance cessation counseling practices among general practitioners.
authors.affiliation: Direction de la santé publique, Régie régionale de la santé et des services sociaux de Montréal-Centre, 1301 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec. jennifer.oloughlin@mcgill.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Loughlin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lacroix
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gervais
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Déry
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meshefedjian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paradis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011792:Quebec; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires