Priming of memory but not effector CD8 T cells by a killed bacterial vaccine.
Killed or inactivated vaccines targeting intracellular bacterial and protozoal pathogens are notoriously ineffective at generating protective immunity. For example, vaccination with heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes (HKLM) is not protective, although infection with live L. monocytogenes induces long-lived, CD8 T cell-mediated immunity. We demonstrate that HKLM immunization primes memory CD8 T lymphocyte populations that, although substantial in size, are ineffective at providing protection from subsequent L. monocytogenes infection. In contrast to live infection, which elicits large numbers of effector CD8 T cells, HKLM immunization primes T lymphocytes that do not acquire effector functions. Our studies show that it is possible to dissociate T cell-dependent protective immunity from memory T cell expansion, and that generation of effector T cells may be necessary for long-term protective immunity.
Lauvau
G
G
Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA. pamere@mskcc.org
Vijh
S
S
Kong
P
P
Horng
T
T
Kerksiek
K
K
Serbina
N
N
Tuma
R A
RA
Pamer
E G
EG
D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated