title: Semiautomatic macroencapsulation of fresh or cryopreserved porcine hepatocytes maintain their ability for treatment of acute liver failure.
abstract: We have previously demonstrated that fresh or cryopreserved xenogeneic hepatocytes manually macroencapsulated in AN69 polymer and transplanted intraperitoneally in rats were able to improve the survival rate after 95% hepatectomy without immunosuppression. In addition, we developed a semiautomatic device where porcine hepatocytes were coextruded with AN69 hydrogel in order to macroencapsulate large amounts of cells. The purpose of the present study was to 1) test whether transplanted porcine hepatocytes macroencapsulated in this device remained functional as evaluated by their ability to prevent death from acute liver failure, and 2) compare the efficiency of cryopreserved or freshly isolated hepatocytes. Fresh or cryopreserved porcine hepatocytes were macroencapsulated in the semiautomatic device by coextrusion in AN69 polymer in 2-m minitubes containing 6 x 10(7) cells. Acute liver failure was induced in rats by two-step 95% hepatectomy. At the time of completion of liver resection, rats were either not transplanted with minitubes (control group I, n = 13), or were implanted with two minitubes containing culture medium (control group II, n = 11), hepatocytes killed by heat treatment (control group III, n = 10), coextruded fresh hepatocytes (group IV, n = 11), or coextruded cryopreserved hepatocytes (group V, n = 11), without immunosuppression. The survival rate at day 7 was between 0% and 31% in the three control groups. By contrast, coextruded fresh hepatocytes significantly improved the survival rate (group IV, 82%) as did cryopreserved cells (group V, 91% survival). In surviving rats, minitubes were explanted after 20 days; either fresh or cryopreserved hepatocytes appeared morphologically viable and their ultrastructure was preserved. Their detoxification capacities evaluated by the activity of the cyt P450 CYP3A4 were partly maintained. In conclusion, porcine hepatocytes macroencapsulated by coextrusion using a semiautomatic device and transplanted without immunosuppression were able to prevent death from acute liver failure in rats. Cryopreserved cells were as efficient as fresh hepatocytes.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit 402, INSERM, Paris, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarkis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Honiger
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chafai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baudrimont
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarkis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Delelo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Becquemont
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benoist
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balladur
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Capeau
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nordlinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002214:Capsules; D015925:Cryopreservation; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D006915:Hydroxytestosterones / Q000378:metabolism; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D019164:Liver, Artificial; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D015996:Survival Rate; D013552:Swine; D013739:Testosterone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D006915:Hydroxytestosterones; D013739:Testosterone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C510163:CYP3A4 protein, human