title: Nosocomial Exophiala jeanselmei pseudoinfection after sonography-guided aspiration of thoracic lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During the period from August 1994 to October 1998, a total of 19 isolates of Exophiala jeanselmei were recovered from 17 patients with various underlying thoracic diseases treated at National Taiwan University Hospital. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients and to determine the microbiologic relatedness of the E. jeanselmei.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 19 isolates, 11 from nine patients were preserved and were identified based on their biotypes as determined by the API ID32C System, their cellular fatty acid profiles by gas-liquid chromatography, their antibiotypes to five antifungal agents by the E-test, and their random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns by arbitrarily primed PCR. Extensive environmental surveillance cultures and cultures from the skin of eight patients and hands of one physician were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One of the 17 patients had E. jeanselmei isolated from cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis (3 isolates), and the other 16 patients had isolations from pleural effusion specimens (15 isolates) or lung mass (1 isolate) following sonography-guided aspiration. The latter 16 patients had no clinical or pathologic evidence of fungal infection. Isolates (clone 1) from aspirated specimens had identical biotypes, antibiotypes, and RAPD patterns, which were different from those of the three isolates (clone 2) from the patient with a cutaneous lesion. All specimens from environmental sources, patients' skin, and the hands of the physician were negative for E. jeanselmei.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This series of patients demonstrates the difficulty in identifying the sources of a nosocomial pseudoinfection due to this slow-growing microorganism when isolated from pleural effusion specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Luh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D005093:Exophiala / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000382:microbiology*; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D013896:Thoracic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids