title: Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and cavity formation in active pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In active pulmonary tuberculosis, certain cytokines have been postulated to be related to cavity formation, although the detailed mechanism of cavity formation is not yet known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the relationship between cavity formation in pulmonary tuberculosis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which functions as an angiogenesis factor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into two groups according to cavity formation as evaluated by chest high-resolution computed tomography. We evaluated serum VEGF levels by enzyme immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A (with cavities) was comprised of 22 patients and group B (without cavities) was comprised of 26 patients. The serum levels of VEGF were significantly higher in group B (58.733 +/- 21.612 pg/ml) than those in normal individuals (8.739 +/- 3.656 pg/ml) and in group A (13.053 +/- 8.670 pg/ml) (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.0149 and p = 0.0481, respectively). Serum levels of interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were not significantly different between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggested that increased serum VEGF levels subdue cavity formation in active pulmonary tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, National Sanatorium Kanagawa Hospital, Hadano, Japan. abey@kanagawa.hosp.go.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshika
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007564:Japan; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008222:Lymphokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors