title: Effect of clozapine, haloperidol, or M100907 on phencyclidine-activated glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increase in glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex by the psychotomimetic drugs phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine may produce the dopaminergic and some of the behavioral effects of these drugs. Here, we examined whether antipsychotic drugs influence this increase.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of haloperidol, clozapine or the 5-HT(2A) antagonist, M100907, on PCP-induced increase in cortical glutamate efflux was examined by microdialysis. Because previous studies had suggested that M100907 attenuates some behavioral effects of PCP, we also examined the effect of M100907 on PCP-induced cortical and accumbal dopamine activation while making concomitant measures of locomotion and stereotypy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Haloperidol, clozapine or M100907 did not significantly block hyperglutamatergic effects of PCP. M100907 was ineffective in inhibiting the dopaminergic and motoric effects of PCP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results contrast previous findings with glutamatergic drugs, such as AMPA antagonists or group II metabotropic glutamate agonists, that blocked glutamatergic and motoric effects of PCP. Thus, the PCP glutamate activation model lacks predictive validity for conventional antipsychotics; however, this model may be useful for design of novel classes of drugs that target those symptoms of schizophrenia that are not generally treated with monoamine-based antipsychotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moghaddam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D010880:Piperidines; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C079049:volinanserin; D010622:Phencyclidine; D003024:Clozapine; D006220:Haloperidol