The potential of muscle stem cells.
Skeletal muscle contains two types of stem cells: satellite cells, which function as myogenic precursors, and a population of multipotent adult stem cells. Satellite cells are believed to form a stable, self-renewing pool of stem cells in adult muscle where they function in tissue growth and repair. An additional stem cell population in adult muscle displays a remarkable capacity to differentiate into hematopoietic cells as well as muscle following transplantation. This article discusses the characteristics and properties of these cell populations, the relationship between them, and the potential for stem cell-based muscle therapeutics.
Seale
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Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ottawa, Canada.
Asakura
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Rudnicki
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MA
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D024510:Muscle Development; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C497417:MYF5 protein, human; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; C489409:PAX3 protein, human; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C068686:Pax3 protein, mouse