title: Maternal transmission of Helicobacter pylori in the perinatal period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies indicate that Helicobacterpylori (HP) infection is closely related to gastric mucosa lesions and well-differentiated gastric cancer. In Japan, the HP-positive rate in childhood is 5-6%, which is similar to other developed countries, and in regard to the infection route, oral infection is considered important. To our knowledge there have been no reports on mother-to-child transmission and in this study we investigated maternal HP infection status to determine the potential of mother-to-child transmission in the perinatal period.
  
  
  METHODS
  After obtaining informed consent from 1,588 pregnant women, mother's blood and cord blood were collected at delivery to measure HP antibody (Helico-G). Gastric contents from the neonates were cultured to isolate H. pylori (Skirrow medium). Vaginal discharge (73 women) and dental plaque scraping swabs (48 women) were collected before delivery, and milk (66 women) was collected after delivery from 212 HP antibody-positive pregnant women to detect H. pylori by PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HP antibody-positive rate for the pregnant women was 29.2%. H. pylori was not detected in the vaginal discharge from HP antibody-positive pregnant women, but dental plaque scraping swabs from 4 women and milk from 4 women was positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We considered that vertical infection during pregnancy or at delivery is unlikely as a route of mother-to-child HP antibody infection. However, horizontal infection through breast-feeding may occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obsthetrics and Gynecology, National Okura Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sago
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial