title: Association between maternal diabetes mellitus and newborn oral cleft.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus has been implicated in several studies as a possible etiological factor of various congenital anomalies. Oral clefts are common congenital malformations that may severely affect the quality of life. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study using the 1996 National Center for Health Statistics United States Natality database to investigate whether maternal diabetes mellitus is a risk factor (p < 0.05) for having a newborn with an oral cleft. The patients consisted of 2,207 live births with cleft lip/palate, and the control subjects were 4,414 randomly selected live births, excluding those with other congenital defects. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, diabetic mothers were found to be 1.352 times (95% confidence interval, 1.004-1.821; p < 0.05) more likely than nondiabetic mothers to have a newborn with cleft lip/palate. In counseling expectant mothers, early glycemic control may be an important factor in decreasing the incidence of this congenital anomaly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0340, USA.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Spilson
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000209:etiology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000209:etiology*; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors