title: Rashkind and Clamshell Device Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect.
abstract: This report discusses the worldwide experience of transcatheter and intraoperative closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) using the Rashkind and Clamshell devices, including the author's personal experience and communications. This report also provides a detailed description with illustrations of the devices, catheters, techniques, and various modifications of techniques used in deploying the devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. gohibm@cryptic.rch.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: T. H.
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Goh