title: A longitudinal analysis of hospitalization and emergency department use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected women reporting protease inhibitor use.
abstract: The impact of protease inhibitors (PIs) on emergency department (i.e., emergency room [ER]) visits and hospitalizations was examined among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and high-risk women followed-up in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) from 1993 through 1999. The rates of hospitalization and ER visits were measured as a function of recent or current PI use, age, race, transmission risk category, HERS site, baseline CD4 cell count, and baseline virus load; the PI effect was estimated separately by baseline CD4 cell count. In the HERS, PI use was strongly associated with lower rates of ER visits and hospitalizations for patients with baseline CD4 cell counts of <200 cells/mL (for hospitalizations: rate ratio [RR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.89; for ER visits: RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.24-0.61). Other factors associated with increased hospitalization and ER use included history of injection drug use, low CD4 cell counts, and high virus loads.
authors.affiliation: Miriam Hospital/Brown University, Providence, RI, 02906, USA. ktashima@lifespan.org
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Tashima
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korkontzelou
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Schoenbaum
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schuman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rompalo
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Carpenter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors