title: Activation of the Jnk signaling pathway by a dual-specificity phosphatase, JSP-1.
abstract: The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are integral to the mechanisms by which cells respond to physiological stimuli, such as growth factors, hormones, and cytokines, and to a wide variety of environmental stresses. The MAPKs, which are stimulated by phosphorylation of a TXY motif in their activation loop, are components of signal transduction cascades in which sequential activation of protein kinases culminates in their activation and their subsequent phosphorylation of various effector proteins that mediate the physiological response. MAPKs are also subject to dephosphorylation and inactivation, both by enzymes that recognize the residues of the TXY motif independently and by dual specificity phosphatases, which dephosphroylate both Tyr and Ser/Thr residues. We report the identification and characterization of a novel dual specificity phosphatase. Contrary to expectation, this broadly expressed enzyme did not inactivate MAPKs in transient cotransfection assays but instead displayed the capacity to function as a selective activator of the MAPK Jnk, hence the name, Jnk Stimulatory Phosphatase-1 (JSP-1). This study illustrates a new aspect of the regulation of MAPK-dependent signal transduction and raises the possibility that JSP-1 may offer a different perspective to the study of various inflammatory and proliferative disorders associated with dysfunctional Jnk signaling.
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luche
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Diltz
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Tonks
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D054637:Dual-Specificity Phosphatases; D006801:Humans; D048057:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D054639:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D048057:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D054639:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; C442824:DUSP22 protein, human; D054637:Dual-Specificity Phosphatases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases