title: Optimal dosing of intravascular low-power red laser light as an adjunct to coronary stent implantation: insights from a porcine coronary stent model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is believed that restenosis following coronary interventions is the result of endothelial denudation that leads to thrombus formation, vascular remodeling, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Low-power red laser light (LPRLL) irradiation enhances endothelial cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and reduces restenosis in animal models. The present study investigated the optimal dose of intravascular LPRLL therapy in the prevention of in-stent stenosis in a porcine coronary stent model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Selected right coronary artery segments were pretreated with a LPRLL balloon, delivering a dose of 0 mW during 1 min (group 1, n = 10), 50 mW during 1 min (group II, n = 10), or 100 mW during 1 min (group III, n = 10) before stenting. Quantitative coronary analysis of the stented vessel was performed before stenting, immediately after stenting, and at 6 weeks follow-up. The pigs were sacrificed, and histologic and morphometric analyses were conducted. At 6 weeks, minimal luminal stent diameter was significantly narrower in the control group compared to the 50-mW dose group (p < 0.05). These results were confirmed by morphometric analysis. Neointimal area was also significantly decreased in the 50-mW dose group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravascular LPRLL contributes to reduction of angiographic in-stent restenosis and neointimal hyperplasia in this animal model. The optimal dose using the LPRLL balloon system seems to be approximately 5 mW delivered during 1 min.
authors.affiliation: University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: De Scheerder
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X R
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szilard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verbeken
authors.forename: Q B
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanming
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jianhua
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nikolaychik
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moses
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kipshidze
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van de Werf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000528:radiation effects*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D023421:Models, Animal; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine