title: [The role of NF-kappa B in the TNF-alpha-induced endothelial cell apoptosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether TNF-alpha could activate the signaling pathway-NF-kappa B/I-kappa B alpha required for the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to induce endothelial cell apoptosis by nitric oxide (NO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Aminoguanidine (AG, an inhibitor of iNOS) and Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, an inhibitor of NF-kappa B) were evaluated for their influence on the apoptosis of cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC) induced by TNF-alpha. Apoptosis was confirmed by morphology, ultrastructural observation, agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA, and percentage of DNA fragmentation. Western blot analyses were used to detect the expression of iNOS and the levels of I-kappa B alpha in BPAEC exposed to TNF-alpha. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were used to determinate the activity of NF-kappa B in BPAEC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TNF-alpha induced BPAEC apoptosis (18.0 +/- 4.3)% in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Both AG and PDTC attenuated the apoptosis of BPAEC induced by TNF-alpha, with peventages of DNA fragmentation in 2, 4, 10 mmol/L AG being (10.0 +/- 2.2)%, (7.8 +/- 1.2)% and (8.2 +/- 1.3)% vespectively. In BPAEC after TNF-alpha exposure, Western blot analyses revealed the expression of iNOS and the decrease in I-kappa B alpha. EMSA demonstrated an impermanency increase in NF-kappa B binding activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-alpha can induce endothelial cell apoptosis by NO, which is produced by increasing iNOS expression and activating the signal pathway-NF-kappa B.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410078.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II