title: [Ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: clinical analysis of 17 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the incidence, risk factors and clinical manifestation for ectopic pregnancy (EP) after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies was performed between March 1998 and December 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 432 woman conceived after IVF or ICSI were studied. The rate of EP was 3.9%, corresponding with 17 EPs, of which 4 (82.4%) were heterotopic pregnancy (HP). There were 14 EPs in tubal factor group, and 3(17.6%) in nontubal factor group. There appear to be no relationship between d 2 ET and d 3 ET, ovulation induction and age. The number of embryo transferred is 3.5 in EP and 4.1 in HP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tubal pathology is associated with increased risk of EP. Close hormonal and ultrasonographic follow-up in pregnancies achieved in IVF treatments are recommended for early diagnosis and avoidance of further undesired consequences.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors