title: Postoperative behavioural changes in children: comparison between halothane and sevoflurane.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A questionnaire, modified from the posthospitalization behavioural questionnaire, was sent to all parents of children under 8 years of age who had elective surgery in the hospital of Lahr during the years 1997 and 1998. The parents were asked about long lasting changes (more than 1 week) in their child's behaviour after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anaesthesia records of all these children were evaluated on the inhalational agent used (halothane or sevoflurane), the type of surgery, the sedative premedication used, the method of inducing anaesthesia and the use of opioids or nonopioids for pain therapy. Four hundred and fifty-eight of 863 parents responded (53.1%) to the questionnaire. Four hundred and twenty-seven children had minor ENT surgery and 31 minor urological surgery. Two hundred and eleven children received halothane and 214 sevoflurane as inhalational agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The parents of 34 of the 211 children (16.1%) receiving halothane and 55 of 214 children (25.7%) receiving sevoflurane reported postoperative behavioural changes. This difference was highly significant (P=0.015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the children having sevoflurane anaesthesia were more likely to develop behavioural problems postoperatively than with halothane. The rate of postoperative behavioural changes was not influenced by the type of surgery, the sedative premedication used, the induction technique or the use of opioids or nonopioid pain therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Lahr, Schwarzwald, Germany. tfoesel@aol.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Foesel
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Reisch
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D006221:Halothane