title: Attenuation of neurologic injury during cardiac surgery.
abstract: Neurologic injury after cardiac surgery can be divided into type I, including clinically apparent stroke, seizures stupor, or coma, and much more occurring type II injury, including intellectual deterioration, memory deficit, or seizures. Cerebral embolization is demonstrably etiologic in many such cases, and several new aortic cannulas are being introduced that are aimed at capturing or diverting potential cerebral emboli. No outcome data are yet available. Several potentially cerebroprotective pharmacologic therapies including thiopental, propofol, and nimodipine, have been assessed clinically but, generally, the results have been poor. Meta-analysis of the large North American aprotinin database of prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials is suggestive of a cerebroprotective potential associated with high-dose aprotinin administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, London Health Sciences Center, University of Western Ontario, Canada. jmurkin@uwo.ca
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Murkin
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004617:Embolism / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007611:Aprotinin