Abscisic acid activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels in guard cells requires cytosolic NAD(P)H and is differentially disrupted upstream and downstream of reactive oxygen species production in abi1-1 and abi2-1 protein phosphatase 2C mutants.
The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates stress responses and developmental processes in plants. Calcium-permeable channels activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown recently to function in the ABA signaling network in Arabidopsis guard cells. Here, we report that ABA activation of these I(Ca) Ca(2)+ channels requires the presence of NAD(P)H in the cytosol. The protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) mutant abi1-1 disrupted ABA activation of I(Ca) channels. Moreover, in abi1-1, ABA did not induce ROS production. Consistent with these findings, in abi1-1, H(2)O(2) activation of I(Ca) channels and H(2)O(2)-induced stomatal closing were not disrupted, suggesting that abi1-1 impairs ABA signaling between ABA reception and ROS production. The abi2-1 mutation, which lies in a distinct PP2C gene, also disrupted ABA activation of I(Ca). However, in contrast to abi1-1, abi2-1 impaired both H(2)O(2) activation of I(Ca) and H(2)O(2)-induced stomatal closing. Furthermore, ABA elicited ROS production in abi2-1. These data suggest a model with the following sequence of events in early ABA signal transduction: ABA, abi1-1, NAD(P)H-dependent ROS production, abi2-1, I(Ca) Ca(2)+ channel activation followed by stomatal closing.
Murata
Y
Y
Division of Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0116, USA.
Pei
Z M
ZM
Mori
I C
IC
Schroeder
J
J
D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D015220:Calcium Channels; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009243:NAD; D009249:NADP; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C087434:ABI1 protein, Arabidopsis; C106443:ABI2 protein, Arabidopsis; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases