title: Six microsatellite markers on the short arm of chromosome 6 in relation to HLA-DR3 and TNF-308A in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Differences in allelic distribution at loci surrounding the human HLA-DRB1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes have been observed in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated whether the association of HLA-DRB1*0301 (HLA-DR3) and TNF-308A with SLE could be attributed to polymorphic markers in the chromosomal region encompassed by HLA-DRB1 and HLA-C. Ninety-one consecutive Caucasian patients with SLE and 253 controls (organ donors) were typed for HLA-DRB1, microsatellites D6S1014, D6S273, TNFa, MIB, C1_2_5, and C1_3_2 and the single nucleotide polymorphism at position -308 in the promoter of TNF. The independent contribution of alleles to disease susceptibility was estimated by cross-tabulation and multivariate logistic regression. Possession of TNF-308A was associated with susceptibility to SLE (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.70 [2.24-6.11]). This remained present after stratification on possession of HLA-DR3 (pooled odds ratio, 2.53 [1.37-4.70]). Stratification revealed a possible association of possession of C1_2_5*192 with protection from SLE beyond the effects of HLA-DR3 and TNF-308A. A gene dosage effect was observed for -308A only (homozygotes, 7.75 [3.01-20.0], heterozygotes, 3.15 [1.85-5.37]). In multivariate analysis, possession of HLA-DR3, TNF-308A, and C1_2_5*192 remained independently associated with susceptibility to SLE (2.58 [1.29-5.18], 2.76 [1.43-5.31], and 0.26 [0.10-0.66], respectively). The association of possession of TNF-308A with susceptibility to SLE cannot be attributed to linkage to HLA-DR3 alone, nor to other polymorphic markers in the vicinity of the TNF gene. Further loci that are independently associated with SLE might be in the vicinity of marker C1_2_5.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: van der Slik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zanelli
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Giphart
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pieterman
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Schreuder
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Westendorp
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Huizinga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C553502:HLA-DRB1*03:01 antigen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha