title: Variation of ER status between primary and metastatic breast cancer and relationship to p53 expression*.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Estrogen-dependent growth of breast cancer can be blocked by anti-estrogens. Estrogen receptor (ER) presence in breast cancer implies responsiveness to endocrine therapy. However, for those patients who ultimately develop resistance to endocrine therapy, the mechanisms remain unclear. The present study attempted to compare the expression status of ER mRNA in a series of primary breast tumors with matched metastases and explored the relation between ER and mutant p53 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  In situ hybridization using a digoxigenin-labeled estrogen receptor cDNA probe was employed to determine the expression of ER mRNA in 52 cases of primary tumors and their matched axillary lymph node metastases. Immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody against ER was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ER expression was observed in 53.8% (28/52) of primary tumors and 48% (25/52) of metastases, while 57.7% (30/52) of primary tumors and 53.8% (28/52) of metastases showed ER mRNA positivity. There were variations in ER status between in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry measurements and between primary tumors and metastases. Mutant p53 expression was inversely associated with ER-negative, high-grade tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In situ hybridization may be a more specific and sensitive method for determination of ER status than immunohistochemistry. It is possible that the biologic properties of ER change, and these changes may influence tumor response to endocrine therapy. In view of the ER variation, it was suggested that the ER status of metastatic tumors in addition to primary tumors should be taken into consideration in order to better determine the benefit of clinical endocrine therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 174 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China. zhengwq@ynmail.com
authors.forename: W Q
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen