title: Mutations in the proenteropeptidase gene are the molecular cause of congenital enteropeptidase deficiency.
abstract: Enteropeptidase (enterokinase [E.C.3.4.21.9]) is a serine protease of the intestinal brush border in the proximal small intestine. It activates the pancreatic proenzyme trypsinogen, which, in turn, releases active digestive enzymes from their inactive pancreatic precursors. Congenital enteropeptidase deficiency is a rare recessively inherited disorder leading, in affected infants, to severe failure to thrive. The genomic structure of the proenteropeptidase gene (25 exons, total gene size 88 kb) was characterized in order to perform DNA sequencing in three clinically and biochemically proved patients with congenital enteropeptidase deficiency who were from two families. We found compound heterozygosity for nonsense mutations (S712X/R857X) in two affected siblings and found compound heterozygosity for a nonsense mutation (Q261X) and a frameshift mutation (FsQ902) in the third patient. In accordance with the biochemical findings, all four defective alleles identified are predicted null alleles leading to a gene product not containing the active site of the enzyme. These data provide first evidence that proenteropeptidase-gene mutations are the primary cause of congenital enteropeptidase deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Metabolism, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany. holzinger@kk-i.med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holzinger
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bück
authors.forename: Peter U
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Mayerhofer
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kappler
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Haworth
authors.forename: Stanley P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Moroz
authors.forename: Hans-Beat
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Hadorn
authors.forename: J Evan
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sadler
authors.forename: Adelbert A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Roscher
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000235:genetics; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004765:Enteropeptidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016368:Frameshift Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D004765:Enteropeptidase