title: Genetic counseling after implementation of statewide cystic fibrosis newborn screening: Two years' experience in one medical center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the follow-up of genetic counseling performed in families with a newborn detected with one cystic fibrosis (CF) mutation in a statewide newborn screening pilot program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Newborns in Massachusetts with an elevated trypsinogen level on newborn screen who are found to have one mutation for CF on a selected mutation assay undergo sweat testing for CF, and their families receive genetic counseling. The genetic counseling focuses on carrier risk for the parents of the newborn and offers carrier testing. We studied the yield of genetic counseling and the resulting genetic testing performed on the families of infants found to be CF carriers who underwent sweat testing in a single institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 102 newborns evaluated with a single CF mutation, 2 (twins) had sweat test results consistent with CF. A total of 101 families were counseled, and 95 were offered DNA-based CF carrier testing. Eighty-two percent of all parents chose to have CF carrier testing, and in five couples, both members were carriers. One of these couples (whose newborn was only a carrier) had an older child who was unexpectedly found to have CF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sweat testing of newborns at increased risk for CF in conjunction with genetic counseling for their parents allows identification of infants with CF, finds couples at high risk for having a child with CF, identifies previously undiagnosed siblings with CF, and allows for potential identification of CF carriers in the extended family.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Floating Hospital for Children at New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dorkin
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Parad
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Comeau
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bianchi
mesh_terms: D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000032:analysis; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening / Q000379:methods; D005817:Genetic Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008404:Massachusetts; D009154:Mutation; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012307:Risk Factors; D013546:Sweating / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014362:Trypsinogen / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004573:Electrolytes; D014362:Trypsinogen