title: Laparoscopic Heller cardiomyotomy and Dor fundoplication for esophageal achalasia: possible factors predicting outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior hemifundoplication is the surgical procedure of choice for the treatment of esophageal achalasia. Specific factors, eg, severity of esophageal body deformity, might affect postoperative outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic referral center for gastrointestinal tract motility disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients with esophageal achalasia who underwent 1 to 3 sessions of failed pneumatic dilation each.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior (Dor) hemifundoplication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative and postoperative symptomatic evaluation, esophagoscopy, esophagography, stationary and ambulatory esophageal manometry, and pH monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients had stage I disease, 10 had stage II, 12 had stage III, and 4 had stage IV at preoperative radiologic examination. At surgery, there were no conversions to open procedures, and 2 mucosal perforations were immediately identified and sutured. Good or excellent results were seen in 26 patients. All patients with stage I or II disease had excellent functional results. Of patients with stage III disease, results were excellent in 7, good in 4, and bad in 1. Of patients with stage IV disease, 2 had good results and 2 had bad results. After surgery, lower esophageal sphincter pressure was reduced significantly (from 46.1 +/- 12.1 to 5.4 +/- 1.8 mm Hg; P<.001), as was esophageal diameter (from 61 +/- 17 to 35 +/- 19 mm; P<.001) (data are given as mean +/- SD). However, an excellent result occurred only in patients with a postoperative esophageal diameter less than 40 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Functional outcome of laparoscopic Heller-Dor procedure for achalasia is related to the preoperative stage of the disease on the esophagogram and to the extent of reduction in esophageal width after surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, GR-711 10, Greece.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pechlivanides
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chrysos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Athanasakis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsiaoussis
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Vassilakis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Xynos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002404:Catheterization; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome