title: The IKK-2/Ikappa Balpha /NF-kappa B pathway plays a key role in the regulation of CCR3 and eotaxin-1 in fibroblasts. A critical link to dermatitis in Ikappa Balpha -deficient mice.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced phosphorylation of the IkappaB proteins by the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex containing IKK-2 and subsequent degradation of the IkappaB proteins are prerequisites for NF-kappaB activation, resulting in the stimulation of a variety of pro-inflammatory target genes. The C-C chemokine eotaxin-1 is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils and Th2 lymphocytes, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, and acts via binding to its receptor CCR3. To investigate the role of NF-kappaB signaling in the regulation of these genes, we stably expressed a transdominant mutant of IkappaBalpha and a constitutively active mutant of IKK-2 in mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts. The transdominant IkappaBalpha mutant completely inhibited TNF-alpha-mediated induction of both eotaxin-1 and CCR3, whereas expression of constitutively active IKK-2 was sufficient to drive almost full expression of these two genes in the absence of TNF-alpha. Moreover, we observed elevated expression levels of CCR3 and eotaxin-1 protein levels in the skin of IkappaBalpha-deficient mice characterized by a widespread dermatitis. Finally, using dermal fibroblasts derived from IkappaBalpha-deficient mice, we observed elevated basal expression, enhanced inducibility by TNF-alpha, and attenuated down-regulation upon TNF-alpha withdrawal of both CCR3 and eotaxin-1 mRNA levels. These results demonstrate that the IKK-2/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB pathway plays a critical role for CCR3 and eotaxin-1 expression in fibroblasts and suggests a critical link to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ulm University, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Margit A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Denk
authors.forename: Ralf U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kraut
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wirth
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism*; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C515457:Ccl11 protein, mouse; C515351:Ccr3 protein, mouse; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496564:Chuk protein, mouse; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496562:Ikbkb protein, mouse; C496566:Ikbke protein, mouse