Surfactant protein D enhances clearance of influenza A virus from the lung in vivo.
Mice lacking surfactant protein surfactant protein D (SP-D(-/-)) and wild-type mice (SP-D(+/+)) were infected with influenza A virus (IAV) by intranasal instillation. IAV infection increased the endogenous SP-D concentration in wild-type mice. SP-D-deficient mice showed decreased viral clearance of the Phil/82 strain of IAV and increased production of inflammatory cytokines in response to viral challenge. However, the less glycosylated strain of IAV, Mem/71, which is relatively resistant to SP-D in vitro, was cleared efficiently from the lungs of SP-D(-/-) mice. Viral clearance of the Phil/82 strain of IAV and the cytokine response were both normalized by the coadministration of recombinant SP-D. Since the airway is the usual portal of entry for influenza A virus and other respiratory pathogens, SP-D is likely to play an important role in innate defense responses to IAV.
LeVine
A M
AM
Division of Pulmonary Biology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. levia0@chmcc.org
Whitsett
J A
JA
Hartshorn
K L
KL
Crouch
E C
EC
Korfhagen
T R
TR
D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes
D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D009195:Peroxidase