Dietary glycine inhibits activation of nuclear factor kappa B and prevents liver injury in hemorrhagic shock in the rat.
We investigated the effects of a glycine-containing diet (5%) on liver injury caused by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rats. Anesthetized rats were bled to a mean arterial blood pressure of 35-40 mm Hg for 1 h and then resuscitated with 60% of shed blood and lactated Ringer's solution. Feeding the rats glycine significantly reduced mortality, the elevation of plasma transaminase levels and hepatic necrosis. The increase in plasma TNFalpha and nitric oxide (NO) was also blunted by glycine feeding. Hemorrhagic shock resulted in oxidative stress (significant elevations in TBARS and in the oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio) and was accompanied by a reduced activity of the antioxidant enzymes Mn- and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, overexpression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Glycine ameliorated oxidative stress and the impairment in antioxidant enzyme activities, inhibited NF-kappaB activation, and prevented expression of iNOS. Dietary glycine blocks activation of different mediators involved in the pathophysiology of liver injury after shock.
Mauriz
J L
JL
Department of Physiology, University of León, León, Spain.
Matilla
B
B
Culebras
J M
JM
González
P
P
González-Gallego
J
J
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005998:Glycine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000097:blood; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000637:Transaminases; D005978:Glutathione; D005998:Glycine