title: Analysis of the distribution of CAG repeats and X-chromosome inactivation status of HUMARA gene in healthy female subjects using improved fluorescence-based assay.
abstract: We investigated the polymorphic CAG-repeat distribution and the X-inactivation status of the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) gene in 58 female Japanese volunteers. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed using a fluorescent-dye-labeled primer under conditions specific for GC-rich targets, and fragments were analyzed. To estimate the length of these fragments, FAM-labeled (blue fluorescent) products were simultaneously compared with ROM-labeled size markers (red) that were created by sequencing various HUMARA fragments. The number of polymorphic CAG repeats of HUMARA in 116 alleles from 58 female subjects ranged from 15 to 28. Of the 58 volunteers, 51 (88.0%) were heterozygous. In 96% of the heterozygous female subjects, the allelic differences were no greater than 6 repeats. X-chromosome inactivation was calculated as the ratio of the area of the smaller peak to the sum of the areas of the smaller and larger peaks. The average ratio was 0.38 (range, 0.09-0.50). Preferential use of 1 allele, by more than 75% (ratio. <0.25). was observed in 5 volunteers (10.9%). The clonal nature of a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia was easily identified. This method is sensitive enough to discriminate a difference of 1 triplet repeat.
authors.affiliation: Blood Transfusion Service, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karasawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yokohama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nojima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omine
mesh_terms: D017637:Clonal Deletion; D002999:Clone Cells; D004303:Dosage Compensation, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D020862:GC Rich Sequence; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D009030:Mosaicism / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011944:Receptors, Androgen