title: [Low dose intrathecal morphine and postoperative pain relief in elderly patients].
abstract: Patient (ASA PS I-III, mean age 68 +/- 14 yr) who had undergone lower extremity surgery under spinal anesthesia were studied to determine the effect of intrathecal administration of morphine 0.1 mg on intra- and postoperative pain relief and its side effects. They were randomly divided into control (C) and intrathecal morphine (M) groups (n = 25, respectively) and received 10 mg tetracaine in 4 ml of a quarter saline with 7.5 micrograms epinephrine. Incidence of intraoperative tourniquet pain was significantly lower in M group (36.8%) than in C group (64.3%). Postoperative pain was examined in terms of the duration until the first supplemental analgesic within 24 hr. The mean duration was 7.0 +/- 4.3 hr in the control group, but 11 patients in the M group needed it within 24 hr (18.1 +/- 6.8 hr, excluding 6 patients who did not receive analgesic). Although incidences of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and itching were higher in M group than in C group, none required antiemetic or naloxone. Both groups showed no difference in postoperative respiratory depression measured by apnea monitor (Eden Trace II, Mallinkrodt Japan, Tokyo). The results suggest that a low dose of intrathecal morphine is effective on postoperative 24 hr pain relief in elderly patients and that its side effects are negligible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tashiro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007866:Leg / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine