title: Combined use of MR contrast agents for evaluating liver disease.
abstract: The sequential administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and extracellular gadolinium chelates combines the sensitivity of SPIO for lesion detection with the specificity of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced imaging for lesion characterization. This approach also may improve the detection of hypervascular lesion, because the different magnetic properties of SPIO and gadolinium produce a synergistic increase in contrast between the reduced signal intensity of background liver and the increased signal intensity of enhancing lesions. Despite the benefits, the additional cost and increased examination time of a combined contrast procedure requires the careful selection of patients. This article presents a brief overview of the different properties and the current status of SPIO and gadolinium for the diagnosis of focal liver lesions.
authors.affiliation: MRI Department, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom. janice.ward@gw.northy.nhs.uk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003911:Dextrans; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D005682:Gadolinium; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide