title: Loss in oxidative stress tolerance with aging linked to reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt kinase activities.
abstract: Oxidative stress is believed to be an important factor in the development of age-related diseases, and studies in lower organisms have established links between oxidative stress tolerance and longevity. We have hypothesized that aging is associated with a reduced ability to mount acute host defenses to oxidant injury, which increases the vulnerability of aged cells to stress. We tested this hypothesis by using primary hepatocytes from young (4-6 months) and aged (24-26 months) rats. Old hepatocytes were more sensitive to H2O2-induced apoptosis than were young cells. Lower survival is associated with reduced activations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt kinase, both of which protect against oxidant injury. That reduced ERK and Akt activities contribute to lower survival of aged cells was supported by additional findings. First, pharmacologic inhibition of ERK and Akt activation in young cells markedly increased their sensitivity to H2O2. Second, caloric restriction, which increases rodent life span and delays the onset of many age-related declines in physiologic function, prevented loss in ERK and Akt activation by H2O2 and enhanced survival of old hepatocytes to levels similar to those of young cells. Strategies aimed at boosting these host responses to acute oxidant injury could have significant anti-aging benefits.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Aging-IRP, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikeyama
authors.forename: Gertrude
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kokkonen
authors.forename: Sonsoles
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shack
authors.forename: Xian-Tao
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nikki J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Holbrook
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D002149:Energy Intake; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D009025:Morpholines; D016877:Oxidants; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one