title: Regulation of STAT protein synthesis by c-Cbl.
abstract: Many cytokines and growth factors induce transcription of immediate early response genes by activating members of the Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) family. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the events that lead to the activation of STAT proteins, less is known about the regulation of their expression. Here we report that murine embryonic fibroblasts derived from c-Cbl-deficient mice display significantly increased levels of STAT1 and STAT5 protein. In contrast, STAT2 and STAT3 expression, as well as the levels of the tyrosine kinases Jak1 and Tyk2, appear to be regulated independently of c-Cbl. Interestingly, the half-life of STAT1 was unaffected by the presence of c-Cbl, indicating that c-Cbl acts independently of STAT1 degradation. Further analysis revealed similar levels of STAT1 mRNA, however, a dramatically increased rate of STAT1 protein synthesis was observed in c-Cbl-deficient cells. Thus, our findings demonstrate an additional control mechanism over STAT1 function, and also provide a novel biological effect of the Cbl protein family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0322, USA.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Blesofsky
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mowen
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Arduini
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bowtell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008894:Milk Proteins; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053634:TYK2 Kinase; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494080:Stat1 protein, mouse; C494085:Stat2 protein, mouse; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016899:Interferon-beta; D050721:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; C507905:Jak1 protein, mouse; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053634:TYK2 Kinase; C499356:Tyk2 protein, mouse; C067419:CBL protein, human; C493849:Cbl protein, mouse