title: Brain tumour imaging with carbon-11 choline: comparison with FDG PET and gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical potential of methyl-11C-choline (11C-choline) in the diagnosis of brain tumours. To this end, the results of 11C-choline positron emission tomography (PET) in 22 patients suspected of having brain tumours were compared with the findings of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET. A histopathological diagnosis was made for each patient during open surgery. The standardised uptake values of brain tumours and the tumour-to-white matter count (T/W) ratios were determined. The degree of 11C-choline accumulation noted in PET images was compared with the gadolinium-enhanced areas of MR images. The mean T/W ratio of 11C-choline in high-grade gliomas was found to be higher than that in low-grade gliomas. This difference was statistically significant (mean+/-SD: 8.7+/-6.2, n=9 versus 1.5+/-0.7, n=5, P<0.03) when data pertaining to the prominent uptake of 11C-choline in a patient with a pilocytic astrocytoma were excluded. 11C-choline PET failed to detect non-neoplastic lesions in two patients. Areas of 11C-choline accumulation in PET scans were larger than areas enhanced on MR images in five cases involving high-grade gliomas. 11C-choline PET differentiated between low-grade gliomas and high-grade gliomas, but did not differentiate between low-grade gliomas and non-neoplastic lesions. The combination of 11C-choline PET and MR imaging may provide investigators with an accurate means by which to identify high-grade gliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. totani@showa.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishiuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oriuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002648:Child; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003287:Contrast Media; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C447081:methyl carbon-11 choline; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D002794:Choline