title: Enhanced Hoffman-reflex in human soleus muscle during exposure to microgravity environment.
abstract: Responses of Hoffman-reflex in the soleus muscle to changes of gravity levels created by parabolic flight of a jet airplane were investigated in four healthy male subjects. The subjects maintained a sitting position with seat belts fastened, keeping the anterior ankle and posterior knee angles at approximately 135 degrees. The gravity levels were altered from 1- to 2-G, and then microgravity was created for approximately 20 s. The levels were recovered from 1.5- to 1-G during the descending phase. The time interval between the stimulation and either M- or H-wave was not influenced by the changes in gravity levels. The amplitude of the M-wave during hyper- and microgravity was identical to that obtained at 1-G. However, the H-wave amplitude was increased when the subjects were exposed to microgravity (approximately four times vs. 1-G level). The H/M ratio was also elevated during microgravity. Further, such a phenomenon was maintained throughout the 20 s of microgravity exposure. Hypergravity at 1.5- or 2-G had no effect on the H-wave amplitude. It is suggested that an acute exposure to microgravity increases the excitability of the soleus motor pool and the increased excitability is restored immediately when the gravity level is elevated.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka City, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mitarai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012021:Reflex, Abnormal / Q000502:physiology*; D014893:Weightlessness / Q000009:adverse effects