title: Classification of human lung carcinomas by mRNA expression profiling reveals distinct adenocarcinoma subclasses.
abstract: We have generated a molecular taxonomy of lung carcinoma, the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we analyzed mRNA expression levels corresponding to 12,600 transcript sequences in 186 lung tumor samples, including 139 adenocarcinomas resected from the lung. Hierarchical and probabilistic clustering of expression data defined distinct subclasses of lung adenocarcinoma. Among these were tumors with high relative expression of neuroendocrine genes and of type II pneumocyte genes, respectively. Retrospective analysis revealed a less favorable outcome for the adenocarcinomas with neuroendocrine gene expression. The diagnostic potential of expression profiling is emphasized by its ability to discriminate primary lung adenocarcinomas from metastases of extra-pulmonary origin. These results suggest that integration of expression profile data with clinical parameters could aid in diagnosis of lung cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhattacharjee
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Staunton
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vasa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ladd
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beheshti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gillette
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lander
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Golub
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sugarbaker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyerson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm