title: Shock wave application to rat skin induces degeneration and reinnervation of sensory nerve fibres.
abstract: There have been several reports on the use of extracorporeal shock waves in the treatment of pseudarthrosis, calcifying tendinitis, and tendinopathies of the elbow. However, the pathomechanism of pain relief has not been clarified. To investigate the analgesic properties of shock wave application, we analyzed whether it produces morphologic changes in cutaneous nerve fibres. In normal rat skin, the epidermis is heavily innervated by nerve fibres immunoreactive for protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and by some fibres immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). There was nearly complete degeneration of epidermal nerve fibres in the shock wave-treated skin, as indicated by the loss of immunoreactivity for PGP 9.5 or CGRP. Reinnervation of the epidermis occurred 2 weeks after treatment. These data show that relief of pain after shock wave application to the skin results from rapid degeneration of the intracutaneous nerve fibres.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, 260-8677, Chiba, Japan. s.c.oh@pref-hosp.togane.chiba.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtori
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mannoji
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saisu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitsuhashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000294:innervation / Q000528:radiation effects; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D006614:Hindlimb; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
chemical_list: D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide