title: Enzyme-cytochemically detectable glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human villous macrophages (Hofbauer cells).
abstract: Though various tissue macrophages possess high glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity, which plays an important role in their phagocytosis/bactericidal function, the presence of this enzyme in human placental villous macrophages (Hofbauer cells) has not been determined. We examined the ultrastructural localization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in Hofbauer cells in first and second trimester placental villi, using a newly developed enzyme-cytochemistry (copper-ferrocyanide) method. Electron-dense deposits indicative of G6PD activity were clearly visible in the cytoplasm and on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum of Hofbauer cells. Positive and negative cytochemical controls ensured specific detection of enzyme activity. These observations indicated that Hofbauer cells abundantly possessed enzyme-cytochemically detectable G6PD activity. Hofbauer cell G6PD may play a role in placental defense, by supplying NADPH-dependent enzymes (i.e. nitric oxide synthase or NADPH oxidase) with NADPH. This enzyme may also fuel Hofbauer cells with ribose 5-phosphate during their cell proliferation and cell division.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical School, Minamikawachi-machi 3311-1, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan. matsushi@jichi.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005295:Ferrocyanides; D005865:Gestational Age; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D005295:Ferrocyanides; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; C039105:cupric ferrocyanide; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase