title: The activated glucocorticoid receptor modulates presumptive autoregulation of ribosomal protein S6 protein kinase, p70 S6K.
abstract: Protein metabolism in eukaryotic organisms is defined by a synthesis-degradation equilibrium that is subject to regulation by hormonal and nutritional signals. In mammalian tissues such as skeletal muscle, glucocorticoid hormones specify a catabolic response that influences both protein synthetic and protein degradative pathways. With regard to the former, glucocorticoids attenuate mRNA translation at two levels: translational efficiency, i.e. translation initiation, and translational capacity, i.e. ribosome biogenesis. Glucocorticoids may impair translational capacity through the ribosomal S6 protein kinase (p70 S6K), a recognized glucocorticoid target and an effector of ribosomal protein synthesis. We demonstrate here that the reduction in growth factor-activated p70 S6K activity by glucocorticoids depends upon a functional glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and that the GR is both necessary and sufficient to render p70 S6K subject to glucocorticoid regulation. Furthermore, the DNA binding and transcriptional activation but not repression properties of the GR are indispensable for p70 S6K regulation. Finally, a mutational analysis of the p70 S6K carboxyl terminus indicates that this region confers glucocorticoid sensitivity, and thus glucocorticoids may facilitate autoinhibition of the enzyme ultimately reducing the efficiency with which T389 is phosphorylated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, USA.
authors.forename: O Jameel
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Iniguez-Lluhi
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romanelli
authors.forename: Scot R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.forename: Leonard S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jefferson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000939:Epitopes; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000737:chemistry; D013912:Threonine / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000939:Epitopes; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D013912:Threonine; D015735:Mifepristone; D012694:Serine; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004247:DNA; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases