title: [Functional reduction of vision symptomatic of a conversion reaction in paediatric population].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  First case reports of psychogenic visual disorders date back into the 19th century. Nowadays we speak of functional visual disorders of somatoform origin, a conversion reaction in which neurotic conflicts are solved on somatic level. This is the initial kind of reduction of agitation specially in children. In contrary to malingering and aggravation conversion symptoms are unconscious actions. Besides the problems of numerous specific tests for differential diagnosis between organic and functional disturbances strategies for further management are necessary.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 patients at the age of 8 - 17 years with isolated reduction of vision due to conversion reaction were analyzed referring to sex, age, wether one or both eyes were affected, the duration of symptoms, the possible reasons for the conversion reaction and the further management.
  
  
  RESULTS
  75 % of our patients were females, the average was 12 years old, in 50 % we found a bilateral involvement. The main reasons for the conversion reaction were in 30 % interfamiliar problems, in 25 % school problems, 2 cases (4 %) occurred after mild head trauma and in 41 % no reason was found. Treatment consisted in discussions and suggestive therapy - "eyeglasses" and/or "eyedrops" parents were not primarily informed the diagnosis. One to three months later the tests were repeated. 90 % were without symptoms, 10 % needed psychotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apart from comprehensive neuroophthalmologic and orthoptic examination it is important to observe the patient for possible doctor shopping, symptom shift and the rare development of depression.
authors.affiliation: Univ.-Augenklinik Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036 Graz, Osterreich. andrea.langmann@kfunigraz.ac.at
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Langmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kriechbaum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003291:Conversion Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015990:Placebo Effect; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief; D012307:Risk Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*