title: Cerebral expression and serum detectability of secretagogin, a recently cloned EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein.
abstract: Recently we identified a novel EF-hand Ca-binding protein termed secretagogin, which is expressed in neuroendocrine cells. Immunohistochemical investigations, using a murine monoclonal and an affinity purified rabbit polyclonal anti-secretagogin antibody as well as Northern-blot and Western-blot analysis revealed a neuron-specific cerebral expression pattern. Secretagogin was detected in high quantity in basket and stellate cells of the cerebellar cortex, in secretory neurons of the anterior part of the pituitary gland and in singular neurons of the frontal and parietal neocortex. Remarkable staining intensity was observed in hypothalamic and in hippocampal neurons. Using a newly developed sandwich capture ELISA we show presence of secretagogin in serum of patients suffering from hypoxic neuronal damage. In sera obtained from 32 patients with different forms of neurological symptoms due to focal cerebral ischemia, secretagogin levels ranged from 3 to 236 pg/ml, with highest levels observed on days 2 and 3 after infarction. Three patients exhibiting minor, reversible neurological deficits had nondetectable serum secretagogin levels at time points of testing. In 50 control sera, secretagogin was below the detection limit of our ELISA. Parallel analysis of secretagogin and the established neurobiochemical marker S-100B in 14 representative patients revealed comparable results. However, S-100B levels were higher and exhibited different kinetics than secretagogin. Our data present the cerebral expression pattern of secretagogin and give evidence that this protein might represent a clinically relevant serum marker indicative for neuronal damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine III, Division of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gartner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leutmetzer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Domanovits
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Waldhäusl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D064046:Secretagogins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C576556:SCGN protein, human; D064046:Secretagogins