title: Intrinsic resistance of Mycobacterium smegmatis to fluoroquinolones may be influenced by new pentapeptide protein MfpA.
abstract: The fluoroquinolones (FQ) are used in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the development of resistance could limit their effectiveness. FQ resistance (FQ(R)) is a multistep process involving alterations in the type II topoisomerases and perhaps in the regulation of efflux pumps, but several of the steps remain unidentified. Recombinant plasmid pGADIV was selected from a genomic library of wild-type (WT), FQ-sensitive M. smegmatis by its ability to confer low-level resistance to sparfloxacin (SPX). In WT M. smegmatis, pGADIV increased the MICs of ciprofloxacin (CIP) by fourfold and of SPX by eightfold, and in M. bovis BCG it increased the MICs of both CIP and SPX by fourfold. It had no effect on the accumulation of (14)C-labeled CIP or SPX. The open reading frame responsible for the increase in FQ(R), mfpA, encodes a putative protein belonging to the family of pentapeptides, in which almost every fifth amino acid is either leucine or phenylalanine. Very similar proteins are also present in M. tuberculosis and M. avium. The MICs of CIP and SPX were lower for an M. smegmatis mutant strain lacking an intact mfpA gene than for the WT strain, suggesting that, by some unknown mechanism, the gene product plays a role in determining the innate level of FQ(R) in M. smegmatis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mateu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takiff
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020102:Mycobacterium smegmatis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C445685:MfpA protein, Mycobacterium smegmatis; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; C061363:sparfloxacin