title: Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with sudden hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The etiopathogenesis in audiovestibular symptoms can be elusive, despite extensive differential diagnosis. This article addresses the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in analysis of the complete audiovestibular pathway.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive sample of 354 patients (mean age 49 years, range 8 to 86 years) with audiovestibular disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contrast-enhanced MRI of the head with thin-slice investigation of the inner ear, internal auditory meatus, and cerebellopontine angle.
  
  
  METHODS
  All MRIs were evaluated by experienced independent investigators. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences data analysis 9.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRI abnormalities were seen in 122 of 354 patients (34.5%). The MRIs revealed the following: 4 pathologic conditions (1.1%) of the cochlea/labyrinth, 23 abnormalities (6.5%) at the internal auditory meatus/cerebellopontine angle, 12 pathologic lesions (3.4%) that involved the central audiovestibular tract at the brainstem, 78 microangiopathic changes of the brain (22%), 3 focal hyperintensities of the brain that turned out to be the first evidence of multiple sclerosis in 2 patients and sarcoidosis in 1 patient, and 1 temporal metastasis. Other pathologic conditions, such as parotid gland or petrous bone apex tumors, were unrelated to the audiovestibular symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that contrast-enhanced MRI can be used to assess a significant number of different pathologic conditions in patients with audiovestibular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Homburg/Saar, Kirrberger Strasse, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schick
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brors
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schäfers
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kahle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002530:Cerebellopontine Angle / Q000473:pathology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000473:pathology*; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014717:Vertigo / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology