title: A rapid, non-destructive method for the determination of Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion to surfaces using quartz crystal resonant sensor technology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the use of quartz crystal resonant sensor (QCRS) technology to determine the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis to fibronectin-coated surfaces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  QCRS sensors (14 MHz) with 4 mm gold electrodes were coated with fibronectin and exposed for 15 min to suspensions of Staph. epidermidis ranging in concentration from 1 x 10(2) to 1 x 10(6) cfu ml(-1). Changes in resonant frequency were recorded and showed a linear relationship with the logarithm of cell concentration over the range tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QCRS technology was shown to be a rapid, sensitive and non-destructive method for measuring the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report demonstrates that QCRS technology has the potential to be used for a range of applications requiring measurement of bacteria on surfaces. In particular, it may be used for the real-time monitoring of bacterial biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK. K.D.Pavey@bton.ac.uk
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Pavey
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hanlon
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Olliff
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding; D011791:Quartz; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D011791:Quartz