title: [Seizure and developmental prognosis of West syndrome--combination therapy with high-dose vitamin B6, valproate and low-dose ACTH].
abstract: Twenty patients with West syndrome were initially treated with high-dose vitamin B6 (40 to 50 mg/kg/day) and valproate (40 to 50 mg/kg/day). Three became seizure free. For the remaining 17 patients, low-dose synthetic ACTH (0.01 mg [0.4 IU]/kg/day) was added to the regimen. One month after the end of ACTH therapy, 13 patients were seizure free. Thus 16 patients in total(80%) were free of seizures(group A). The treatment was ineffective for the remaining 4 patients (20%; group B). During the following for a mean period of 64 months (range, 48 to 83 months), 9 in group A had a relapse of epileptic seizures. However, only 4 in this group had epileptic seizures at the end of the study (5-7 years of age), all of which were partial and infrequent. In group B, two had frequent intractable seizures, and one was seizure free at the end of the study. One died at the age of 1 year. In group A, 2 patients showed normal or subnormal mental development. Mild, moderate and severe mental retardation were seen in 3, 4 and 7 patients respectively. In group B, all patients showed severe mental retardation. In this study, the rate of evolution into intractable epilepsy was low, but long-term mental development was poor. Seizure control by itself seemed to be insufficient to improve long developmental prognosis of West syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Shiga.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuno
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000188:drug therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014635:Valproic Acid; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone