title: Laparoscopic nephrectomy for inflammatory renal conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammatory and infectious renal conditions may result in severe perirenal fibrosis, making the laparoscopic approach challenging. The theoretical advantages of laparoscopy for managing inflammatory and infectious renal conditions have been questioned. We identified whether laparoscopy for inflammatory renal conditions is associated with higher morbidity than for other benign renal conditions. Furthermore, several technical modifications are discussed that may help to improve the outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for inflammatory and infectious renal conditions between 1998 and 2000. The transperitoneal approach was used and specimens were removed after morcellation. Operative data were compared with those from a similar group of patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for other benign conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laparoscopic nephrectomy done for inflammatory or infectious conditions in 12 cases and for other benign conditions in 9 matched cases was completed successfully in 10 (83%) and 9 (100%), respectively. In the inflammatory and benign groups mean blood loss plus or minus standard deviation was 155 +/- 163 and 59 +/- 23 ml. (p = 0.099), mean operative time was 284 +/- 126 and 226 +/- 62 minutes (p = 0.225), and mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.1 +/- 2 and 3 +/- 1 days (p = 0.157), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic nephrectomy can be performed safely in most cases of inflammatory renal conditions. Although they were not statistically significant, a higher conversion rate and longer operative time should be expected. Early conversion may be required due to failure to progress. Similar advantages were observed in patients with inflammatory and other benign renal conditions via the laparoscopic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143-0738, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shekarriz
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Q Y
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Duh
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stoller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D009393:Nephritis / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies