title: Ribavirin enhances interferon-gamma levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon-alpha.
abstract: Some patients with chronic hepatitis C respond to interferon (IFN)-alpha treatment, and the efficiency can be improved by combining it with ribavirin. The mechanism of this improvement is unknown. To investigate the effects of these two regimens on the immune responses in 51 patients with chronic hepatitis C, we examined the hepatitis C core antigen-specific proliferative response and cytokine production profiles, natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cytotoxic T cell function during treatment. The results are as follows: (1) both viral clearance and biochemical normalization occurred more frequently in patients receiving combination therapy; (2) the function of NK cells increased after treatment in the responders of both groups (p < 0.05); (3) the level of IFN-gamma produced by hepatitis C core antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was higher in patients receiving combination therapy, especially in responders; (4) the core antigen-specific proliferative response decreased after treatment, and (5) in addition, the core-specific cytotoxic T cell activities of five responder patients also increased significantly after therapy. In conclusion, enhancement of immune responses, especially those related to type-1 T helper cell activity, may contribute to better efficacy in combining ribavirin with IFN-alpha for treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; C069130:nucleocapsid protein, Hepatitis C virus; D012254:Ribavirin; D007371:Interferon-gamma