title: Repeated transurethral resection and intravesical BCG for extensive superficial bladder tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report our experience with repeat transurethral resection (TUR) in a group of patients with superficial bladder tumors in whom complete resection in one session was impossible because of the extensive tumor burden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Only the patients with such extensive (>10 g of resected tissue) tumors that we were unable to perform complete TUR initially were included in the present study. The patients underwent repeat TUR(s) 4 weeks after the previous one until complete resection of the tumor was achieved. After complete TUR, if the pathology examination confirmed superficial disease, the patients received intracavitery immunotherapy and were followed up thereafter. If pathology examination documented muscle-invasive disease, cystectomy was suggested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 43 patients undergoing repeat TUR, 15 needed a second and 5 needed a third session to achieve complete resection. Of the patients, 28 (65%) had stage T1 and 15 (35%) has stage Ta tumor. Eight patients (19%) otherwise regarded as having superficial tumor were found to have muscle-invasive disease following repeat TURs. The mean follow-up of the remaining 35 patients with superficial disease was 34 months (range 1-126 months). Four of the patients with superficial disease progressed to T2 tumor. However, 16 patients achieved a state of complete response with no tumor recurrences during a mean of 38 months (range 4-126 month). The present protocol achieved bladder sparing in a total of 22 (63%) of the 35 patients with superficial disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the presented series, we suggest that one can use the combination of repeat TUR and intravesical immunotherapy in the management of bulky superficial bladder tumors in an effort to preserve the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Uygur
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akbal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012086:Reoperation; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine