title: Measurement of beta-hydroxybutyrate in acute hyperketonemia in human brain.
abstract: We report the measurement of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the brains of six normal adult subjects during acute infusions of BHB. We used high field in vivo (1)H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in the occipital lobe in conjunction with an acute infusion protocol to elevate plasma BHB levels from overnight fasted levels (0.20 +/- 0.10 mM) to a steady state value of 2.12 +/- 0.30 mM. At this level of hyperketonemia, we determined a tissue BHB level of 0.24 +/- 0.04 mM. No increases in brain lactate levels were seen in these data. The concentrations of BHB and lactate were both considerably lower in comparison with previous data acquired in fasted adult subjects. This suggests that up-regulation of the monocarboxylic acid transporter occurs with fasting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. jpan@aecom.yu.edu
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Telang
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hetherington
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000097:blood*; D007662:Ketosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008954:Models, Biological; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000378:metabolism; D011522:Protons
chemical_list: D007657:Ketone Bodies; D011522:Protons; D019344:Lactic Acid; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid