Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-primed allogeneic bone marrow: significantly less graft-versus-host disease and comparable engraftment to G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells.
Prospective studies have shown rapid engraftment using granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (G-PBSCs) for allogeneic transplantation, though the risks for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) may be increased. It was hypothesized that the use of G-CSF to prime bone marrow (G-BM) would allow rapid engraftment without increased risk for GVHD compared with G-PBSC. Patients were randomized to receive G-BM or G-PBSCs for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The study was designed (beta <.8) to detect a difference in the incidence of chronic GVHD of 33% (alpha <.05). The plan was to recruit 100 patients and to conduct an interim analysis when the 6-month follow-up point was reached for the first 50 patients. Fifty-seven consecutive patients were recruited (G-BM, n = 28; G-PBSC, n = 29). Patients in the G-PBSC group received 3-fold more CD34(+) and 9-fold more CD3(+) cells. Median times to neutrophil (G-BM, 16 days; G-PBSC, 14 days; P <.1) and platelet engraftment (G-BM, 14 days; G-PBSC, 12 days; P <.1) were similar. The use of G-PBSC was associated with steroid refractory acute GVHD (G-BM, 0%; G-PBSC, 32%; P <.001), chronic GVHD (G-BM, 22%; G-PBSC, 80%; P <.02), and prolonged requirement for immunosuppressive therapy (G-BM, 173 days; G-PBSC, 680 days; P <.009). Survival was similar for the 2 groups. Compared with G-PBSC, the use of G-BM resulted in comparable engraftment, reduced severity of acute GVHD, and less subsequent chronic GVHD.
Morton
J
J
Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Australia. james_morton@health.qld.gov.au
Hutchins
C
C
Durrant
S
S
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D002452:Cell Count; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006085:Graft Survival; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D012008:Recurrence; D015996:Survival Rate; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D018952:Antigens, CD34; D017252:CD3 Complex; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor