title: Alar setback technique: a controlled method of nasal tip deprojection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe an alar cartilage-modifying technique aimed at decreasing nasal tip projection in cases with overdeveloped alar cartilages and to compare it with other deprojection techniques used to correct such deformity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selected case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  University and private practice settings in Alexandria, Egypt.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients presenting for rhinoplasty who had overprojected nasal tips primarily due to overdeveloped alar cartilages. All cases were primary cases except for one patient, who had undergone 2 previous rhinoplasties.
  
  
  METHODS
  An external rhinoplasty approach was used to set back the alar cartilages by shortening their medial and lateral crura. The choice of performing a high or low setback depended on the preexisting lobule-to-columella ratio. Following the setback, the alar cartilages were reconstructed in a fashion that increased the strength and stability of the tip complex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjective evaluation included clinical examination, analysis of preoperative and postoperative photographs, and patient satisfaction. Objective evaluation of nasal tip projection, using the Goode ratio and the nasofacial angle, was performed preoperatively and repeated at least 6 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A low setback was performed in 16 cases (80%) and a high setback in 4 (20%). The mean follow-up period was 18 months (range, 6-36 months). The technique effectively deprojected the nasal tip as evidenced by the considerable postoperative decrease in values of the Goode ratio and the nasofacial angle. No complications were encountered and no revision surgical procedures were required.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alar setback technique has many advantages; it results in precise predictable amounts of deprojection, controls the degree of tip rotation, preserves the natural contour of the nasal tip, respects the tip support mechanisms, increases the strength and stability of nasal tip complex, preserves or restores the normal lobule-to-columella proportion, and does not lead to alar flaring. However, the technique requires an external rhinoplasty approach and fine technical precision.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Department, Alexandrai School of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt. hfoda@dataxprs.com.eg
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Foda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002356:Cartilage / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome