title: Quantitation of promethazine and metabolites in urine samples using on-line solid-phase extraction and column-switching.
abstract: A chromatographic method for the quantitation of promethazine (PMZ) and its three metabolites in urine employing on-line solid-phase extraction and column-switching has been developed. The column-switching system described here uses an extraction column for the purification of PMZ and its metabolites from a urine matrix. The extraneous matrix interference was removed by flushing the extraction column with a gradient elution. The analytes of interest were then eluted onto an analytical column for further chromatographic separation using a mobile phase of greater solvent strength. This method is specific and sensitive with a range of 3.75-1400 ng/ml for PMZ and 2.5-1400 ng/ml for the metabolites promethazine sulfoxide, monodesmethyl promethazine sulfoxide and monodesmethyl promethazine. The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) were 3.75 ng/ml with less than 6.2% C.V. for PMZ and 2.50 ng/ml with less than 11.5% C.V. for metabolites based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1 or greater. The accuracy and precision were within +/- 11.8% in bias and not greater than 5.5% C.V. in intra- and inter-assay precision for PMZ and metabolites. Method robustness was investigated using a Plackett-Burman experimental design. The applicability of the analytical method for pharmacokinetic studies in humans is illustrated.
authors.affiliation: Wyle Laboratories, Life Sciences, Systems and Services, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Putcha
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011398:Promethazine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011398:Promethazine