title: Towards a model to predict macular dichromats' naming errors: effects of CIE saturation and dichromatism type.
abstract: Thirty macular dichromat children (12 protanopes + 18 deuteranopes) and 29 controls, between 5 and 9 years old, participated in a monolexemic denomination task. Their clinical status was determined after a repeated application of a chromatic test set (Ishihara, CUCVT, and TIDA). The stimuli to be named were 12 tiles from the Color-Aid set belonging to the green, blue, and purple basic categories. Results showed that: (a) Dichromats made more naming errors when low saturation stimuli were used; (b) protanopes made more errors that deuteranopes; and (c) pseudoisochromatic lines predicted accurately the type of most frequent naming errors but they underestimated macular dichromats' functional capacity to name colors. Results are consistent with a model of macular dichromats' vision that hypothesizes a residual third type of cone in the periphery of the retina. Implications of this fact for everyday use of colors by macular dichromats' and for the validity of standard clinical diagnoses are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Psicología Diferencial y del Trabajo, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas 28023, Madrid, Spain. julillo@psi.ucm.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lillo
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vitini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003119:Color Perception Tests; D003117:Color Vision Defects / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011601:Psychophysics; D012016:Reference Values; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012660:Semantics