title: Soft-copy mammographic readings with different computer-assisted detection cuing environments: preliminary findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the performance of radiologists in the detection of masses and microcalcification clusters on digitized mammograms by using different computer-assisted detection (CAD) cuing environments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred nine digitized mammograms depicting 57 verified masses and 38 microcalcification clusters in 85 positive and 35 negative cases were interpreted independently by seven radiologists using five display modes. Except for the first mode, for which no CAD results were provided, suspicious regions identified with a CAD scheme were cued in all the other modes by using a combination of two cuing sensitivities (90% and 50%) and two false-positive rates (0.5 and 2.0 per image). A receiver operating characteristic study was performed by using soft-copy images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAD cuing at 90% sensitivity and a rate of 0.5 false-positive region per image improved observer performance levels significantly (P < .01). As accuracy of CAD cuing decreased so did observer performances (P < .01). Cuing specificity affected mass detection more significantly, while cuing sensitivity affected detection of microcalcification clusters more significantly (P < .01). Reduction of cuing sensitivity and specificity significantly increased false-negative rates in noncued areas (P < .05). Trends were consistent for all observers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAD systems have the potential to significantly improve diagnostic performance in mammography. However, poorly performing schemes could adversely affect observer performance in both cued and noncued areas.
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket St, Suite 4200, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. bzheng@radserv.arad.upmc.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ganott
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hardesty
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Rockette
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gur
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003463:Cues; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D015588:Observer Variation; D012372:ROC Curve; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity