Low-dose dexamethasone effectively prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting after ambulatory laparoscopic surgery.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prophylactic effect of low-dose dexamethasone (5 mg) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in women undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic surgery. Metoclopramide and saline served as controls.


METHODS
One hundred twenty women (n=40 in each of the three groups) undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic tubal ligation under general anesthesia were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. After tracheal intubation, group I received i.v. dexamethasone 5 mg, whereas groups II and III received i.v. metoclopramide 10 mg and saline, respectively.


RESULTS
Patients in group I reported a lower incidence of PONV and requested less rescue antiemetics than those in group III during the first four postoperative hours (P <0.01). Patients in group I reported a lower incidence of PONV than those in groups II (P <0.05) and III (P <0.01) during the 24-hr postoperative period. Groups II and III did not differ from each other in the incidence of PONV and the proportion of patients who requested rescue antiemetics.


CONCLUSIONS
Prophylactic iv dexamethasone 5 mg significantly reduces the incidence of PONV in women undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic tubal ligation. At this dose, dexamethasone is more effective than metoclopramide 10 mg or placebo.
Huang
J C
JC
Department of Medical Research, and Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan. Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Shieh
J P
JP
Tang
C S
CS
Tzeng
J I
JI
Chu
K S
KS
Wang
J J
JJ
D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
D003907:Dexamethasone; D008787:Metoclopramide