title: Patients with acute coronary syndromes express enhanced CD40 ligand/CD154 on platelets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether CD40L/CD154 on platelets and soluble CD40L/CD154 may play a role in the inflammatory process of acute coronary syndromes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 25 patients with unstable angina, 15 patients with stable angina, and 12 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  CD40L/CD154 on platelets, P-selectin/CD62P on platelets, soluble CD40L/CD154 serum concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) CD40L/CD154 expression on platelets was 6.2 (2.8) MFI (mean fluorescence intensity) in the infarct group, 11 (3.3) MFI in the unstable angina group (p < 0.001 v infarction), 3.6 (0.9) MFI in the stable angina group (p < 0.01 v infarction; p < 0.001 v unstable angina), and 3.2 (1.0) MFI in the controls (p < 0.01 v infarction; p < 0.001 v unstable angina; NS v stable angina). Soluble CD40L/CD154 concentration was 5.2 (1.1) ng/ml in the infarct group, 4.2 (0.7) ng/ml in the unstable angina group (p < 0.001 v infarction), 2.9 (1.0) ng/ml in stable angina group (p < 0.001 v infarction and unstable angina), and 3.0 (0.5) ng/ml in the controls (p < 0.001 v infarction and unstable angina; NS v stable angina). At a six months follow up, there was lower expression of CD40L/CD154 on platelets in patients with unstable angina (12.3 (3.6) v 3.8 (1.2) MFI, p < 0.0001) and acute myocardial infarction (6.2 (2.8) v 3.5 (0.8) MFI, p < 0.01) compared with their admission values six months earlier. Patients with unstable angina who needed redo coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or who had recurrence of angina were characterised by increased CD40L/CD154 expression on platelets compared with the remainder of the study group (recurrence of angina: 12.7 (3.2) v 9.7 (1.6) MFI, p < 0.05; re-do PTCA: 14.3 (4.2) v 10.3 (2.1) MFI, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both CD40L/CD154 on platelets and soluble CD40L/CD154 are raised in patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction. These findings suggest that CD40-CD40L/CD154 interactions may play a pathogenic role in triggering and propagation of acute coronary syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic II, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ostliche Stadmauerstrasser 29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. christoph.garlichs@rzmail.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Garlichs
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eskafi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raaz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klinghammer
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmeisser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000276:immunology*; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D019007:P-Selectin; D023201:CD40 Ligand