title: The effect of fluid replacement on endurance performance.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fluid replacement on power output (PO), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), body weight (BW), urine osmolarity (Uosm), and urine electrolyte concentrations ([UNa+], [UK+], [UCl-]) in physically active men (n = 4) and women (n = 7). The participants were asked to generate their highest possible PO during 60 minutes of cycling under 3 randomized conditions: ingestion of (a) no fluid (trial 1); (b) 1200 ml of distilled water (trial 2); and (c) 1,200 ml of Gatorade (trial 3). BW and urine volume (Vu) were measured before and after the ride to determine sweat rate [(SR = deltaBW + Vfluid intake + Vu)/time]. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between trials for PO (123-127 W), RPE (14), HR (140-142 b x min(-1)), and SR (11.9-12.4 ml x min(-1)). However, [UNa+] was significantly (p < 0.05) lower postexercise for all 3 trials, and [UCl-] was significantly reduced following trials 2 and 3. There was a significant increase (p < 0.001) in BW postexercise for trials 2 and 3 when compared with the no-fluid trial; however, the effects of water and Gatorade were similar. These results suggest that fluid replacement during 1 hour of moderately intense cycling does not enhance performance in physically active men and women who are normally hydrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bachle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckerson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albertson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ebersole
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petzel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance