The mechanisms for nitration and nitrotyrosine formation in vitro and in vivo: impact of diet.
The detection of 3-nitro-L-tyrosine residues associated with many disease states, including gastric cancer, has implicated a role for peroxynitrite in vivo, and thus endogenously produced nitric oxide and superoxide. Additionally, dietary nitrate has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer through a mechanism involving reduction to nitrite and subsequent formation of potentially mutagenic nitroso-compounds. Studies have now demonstrated that a multitude of reactive nitrogen species other than peroxynitrite are capable of producing nitrotyrosine. Thus, we have reviewed the evidence that dietary nitrate, amongst other reactive nitrogen species, may contribute to the body burden of nitrotyrosine.
Oldreive
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Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT.
Rice-Evans
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D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*
D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine