title: Possible role of prostaglandin E2 in human amniotic epithelial cell death: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the optimal conditions necessary for successful transplantation of normal human amniotic epithelial (HAE) cells in vivo, the factors which influence the cell death were investigated. In this study, the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in HAE cells in vitro was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal HAE cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HAE cells were incubated with PGE2 100 nM, 500 nM or 1,000 nM for 8 h.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PGE2 treated and untreated cells were collected at 2 h, 4 h and 8 h intervals and stained using trypan blue and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods to detect necrosis and apoptosis respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostaglandin E2 induced more HAE cell death at 8 h treatment. The percentages of cell death induced by PGE2 100 nM, 500 nM and 1,000 nM at 8 h were 14.0 +/- 0.35 (n=9), 14.9 +/- 0.64 (n=9) and 18.3 +/- 0.65 (n=9) respectively compared to the control (7.0 +/- 0.35; n = 9) (P < 0.001) determined using trypan blue staining method. The apoptotic cell death induced by the above doses of PGE2 at 8 h were 5.7 +/- 0.6 (n=9), 7.14 +/- 0.84 (n=9) and 8.6 +/- 0.67 (n=9) respectively compared to the control (0.86 +/- 0.05; n=9) (P<0.001) determined using TUNEL method. The PGE2 induced high level cell death was via necrosis rather than apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that PGE2 is an important mediator in HAE cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0359, USA. ssurendr@utmb.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Surendran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000650:Amnion / Q000166:cytology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D015232:Dinoprostone