title: Intraplatelet tetrahydrobiopterin plays an important role in regulating canine coronary arterial thrombosis by modulating intraplatelet nitric oxide and superoxide generation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet-derived nitric oxide inhibits platelet aggregation via constitutive NO synthase (NOS). Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), a cofactor of NOS, augments NO formation, whereas its deficiency decreases NO bioactivity and increases superoxide generation by NOS. The roles of intraplatelet BH(4) in platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, however, are unknown. Accordingly, we investigated whether intraplatelet BH(4) is involved in regulating cyclic flow variations (CFVs) and platelet aggregation in a canine model with stenosed and endothelium-injured coronary arteries that mimics acute coronary syndromes in humans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After developing CFVs, dogs received saline or BH(4) (10 or 30 mg/kg) intravenously. Intraplatelet BH(4) and cGMP levels were decreased and intraplatelet nitrotyrosine production was increased during CFVs. ADP- and U46619-induced ex vivo platelet aggregation and platelet P-selectin expression were augmented during CFVs. BH(4) administration restored intraplatelet BH(4) and cGMP levels and decreased intraplatelet nitrotyrosine production, resulting in reduced CFVs and inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation and platelet P-selectin expression. CFVs again developed after N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of NOS, in BH(4)-treated dogs. Ex vivo platelet NOS activity at baseline, during CFVs, and after BH(4) administration did not differ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraplatelet BH(4) may play an important role in regulating thrombus formation by modulating platelet-derived nitric oxide and superoxide generation by platelet NOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanaya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haramaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019007:P-Selectin; D013481:Superoxides; D001708:Biopterins; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C003402:sapropterin; D006152:Cyclic GMP