title: Effect of temperature and light on the stability of latanoprost and its clinical relevance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of controlled heat and ultraviolet exposures on the stability of latanoprost (Xalatan, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) using high-performance liquid chromatography to derive practical recommendations for patients regarding its use and storage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using serial dilution of a latanoprost stock solution, varying concentrations were prepared to obtain a standard curve. The accuracy and precision of the high-performance liquid chromatography assay conditions were validated using between-day and within-day studies. The original latanoprost containers were stored at 4, 25, 50, and 70 degrees C, and the concentration of latanoprost remaining was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography at different times for up to 1 month. In addition, the original latanoprost containers were exposed to known amounts of ultraviolet A and B radiation for 4 hours, and the concentration of latanoprost was measured at 1-hour intervals using high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increased temperature studies showed that latanoprost remained stable at 4 and 25 degrees C for the 30-day study duration. Analysis of concentration versus time curves for 50 and 70 degrees C yielded a t90 (time for 10% degradation) of 8.25 and 1.32 days, respectively. Ultraviolet B radiation caused a rapid degradation of latanoprost, whereas ultraviolet A radiation was less effective in causing the degradation of latanoprost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Latanoprost exhibits thermal and solar instability and should ideally be stored below room temperature and in the dark. The importance of these storage conditions should be conveyed clearly to the patient.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85711, USA.
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Proniuk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanchard
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Noecker
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D006358:Hot Temperature; D000077338:Latanoprost; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost