title: Can fructosamine be a surrogate for HbA(1c) in evaluating the achievement of therapeutic goals in diabetes?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if fructosamine can be used as a surrogate for HbA(1c) to monitor whether therapeutic goals in diabetes mellitus are achieved when HbA(1c) cannot be used for this purpose (hemoglobinopathies, anemia...).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples of 76 diabetic patients and 30 healthy subjects characterized by the absence of any risk of interference in the interpretations of HbA(1c) and fructosamine were studied in order to, first, deduce from the correlation a prediction of HbA(1c) from the fructosamine values, second, to evaluate the predictive value of such predicted HbA(1c) in the determination of poor metabolic control as defined by UKPDS and DCCT studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The correlation between predicted HbA(1c) and actual fructosamine was fair (r=0.88) in diabetic patients but not in control subjects (r=0.01). It was therefore only possible to estimate HbA(1c) from fructosamine in diabetic patients. Nevertheless, the range of positive and negative predictive values of estimated HbA(1c) to detect a poor metabolic control defined by two thresholds of HbA(1c) (7%, 7.5%) was 91-93% and 86-87%, respectively. Then, even in this highly selected population, the risk of misclassification was around 10% when fructosamine was used to estimate HbA(1c). These results were unchanged when fructosamine was corrected by plasma protein level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows the limitations to use fructosamine in place of HbA(1c) to evaluate the efficacy of antidiabetic treatments, even in a selected population.
authors.affiliation: Service de Nutrition, Maladies Métaboliques, Endocrinologie, Hôpital de Sainte Marguerite, 270 Bd de Sainte Marguerite B.P. 29, 13274 Marseille Cedex 9, France. hnarbonne@mail.ap-hop-hm.fr
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narbonne
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Renacco
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pradel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Portugal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vialettes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D019270:Fructosamine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin