title: Recent origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes in untreated and suboptimally treated subjects.
abstract: Resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes are an important reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in treated patients with undetectable viremia. The knowledge of viral persistence in these cells is limited, however, for patients without treatment or patients for whom treatment is failing; therefore, this reservoir in such patients was characterized. Virus variants were characterized in 3 subjects who were followed-up from primary HIV-1 infection and 5 treatment-experienced subjects. No founder viral sequences and only a minority of the earlier identified drug-induced mutations were found in the resting T lymphocytes. Instead, the viral sequences were closely related to those detected simultaneously in plasma, except in 2 treatment-experienced subjects. Thus, a turnover and replenishment of this virus reservoir in peripheral blood is likely to occur in most persons with detectable viremia. However, infrequently the virus variants in plasma and resting T cells seem to be derived from independent sources.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Virology, Institution of Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. akarlsson@gladstone.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindkvist
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindbäck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gaines
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sönnerborg
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019672:Genes, T-Cell Receptor; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral