title: Effects of chronic hypoxia on Ca(2+) stores and capacitative Ca(2+) entry in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells.
abstract: Microfluorimetric measurements of intracellular calcium ion concentration [Ca(2+)](i) were employed to examine the effects of chronic hypoxia (2.5% O(2), 24 h) on Ca(2+) stores and capacitative Ca(2+) entry in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Activation of muscarinic receptors evoked rises in [Ca(2+)](i) which were enhanced in chronically hypoxic cells. Transient rises of [Ca(2+)](i) evoked in Ca(2+)-free solutions were greater and decayed more slowly following exposure to chronic hypoxia. In control cells, these transient rises of [Ca(2+)](i) were also enhanced and slowed by removal of external Na(+), whereas the same manoeuvre did not affect responses in chronically hypoxic cells. Capacitative Ca(2+) entry, observed when re-applying Ca(2+) following depletion of intracellular stores, was suppressed in chronically hypoxic cells. Western blots revealed that presenilin-1 levels were unaffected by chronic hypoxia. Exposure of cells to amyloid beta peptide (1-40) also increased transient [Ca(2+)](i) rises, but did not mimic any other effects of chronic hypoxia. Our results indicate that chronic hypoxia causes increased filling of intracellular Ca(2+) stores, suppressed expression or activity of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange and reduced capacitative Ca(2+) entry. These effects are not attributable to increased amyloid beta peptide or presenilin-1 levels, but are likely to be important in adaptive cellular remodelling in response to prolonged hypoxic or ischemic episodes.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peers
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen; D002118:Calcium