title: Molecular epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes isolates collected from the environment, raw meat and raw products in two poultry- and pork-processing plants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to study the transmission of Listeria monocytogenes in a poultry and a pork meat plant, we analysed the contamination by this pathogen over several months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hundred and two isolates of L. monocytogenes were collected and characterized by genotyping and serotyping. Thirty-seven genotypes were obtained by ApaI-restriction analysis-pulsed field gel electrophoresis (REA-PFGE) and 35 by SmaI-REA-PFGE and resulted in 50 combined genotypes. The tracing of the contamination in both plants showed that some clones were able to survive for several months. However, some other clones were found only during processing operations, were not detectable after cleaning and seemed to enter continuously into the plant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some L. monocytogenes strains may persist for a long period in the plant environment. Different genotypes can be associated with poultry as well as pork meat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Listeria monocytogenes contamination can be due to contaminated raw materials, bacterial spread and also ineffective cleaning procedures.
authors.affiliation: AFSSA-Ploufragan, Unité d'Hygiène et Qualité des Produits Avicoles et Porcins, Ploufragan, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chasseignaux
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Toquin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ragimbeau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salvat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ermel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination; D005511:Food Handling; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific