title: Interhemispheric asymmetry of regional cerebral blood flow in prepubescent boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: The prefrontal cortex is asymmetric in both structure and function. In normal subjects, the right prefrontal cortex is activated more than the left during response inhibition. Patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impaired response inhibition and altered structural interhemispheric asymmetry. This study was conducted to examine the functional interhemispheric asymmetry during response inhibition in children with ADHD. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the level of motor hyperactivity. Blood flow tracer (99m)Tc-ethyl cysteinate dimer was injected while subjects were performing a response inhibition task (RIT), followed by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). After three-dimensional reconstruction, filtering and smoothing, individual scans were morphed to a template. Three average group images were created from individual scans. Each average group image was subtracted voxel-by-voxel from its mirror image to compare the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the right and left cerebral hemispheres, yielding images of significant interhemispheric rCBF asymmetry. The severe hyperactivity group exhibited most prefrontal left>right rCBF asymmetry and left>right occipitoparietal asymmetry. Reversal of functional prefrontal asymmetry in boys with severe motor hyperactivity supports the hypothesis of right prefrontal cortex dysfunction in ADHD.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Psychiatry, Treatment Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. langlebe@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Langleben
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krikorian
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ridlehuber
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Goris
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Strauss
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D002648:Child; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014888:Wechsler Scales
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C059659:technetium Tc 99m bicisate; D003545:Cysteine