title: Differences in antioxidant status in skeletal muscle tissue in experimental diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The present study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress-related parameters in alloxan (A)-induced long-term diabetes in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 3, 6 and 12 weeks of diabetes, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) and concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) and free sulfhydryl compounds (SH) were measured in skeletal muscle of diabetic rabbits and the normal control subjects. The products of lipid peroxidation (MDA) were also estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our tests, the muscle SOD activity, SH and AA concentrations were significantly reduced. CAT activity increased significantly at all time intervals. GSH-Px activity decreased after 3 weeks and then remained at the control level. GSSG-R activity decreased progressively at 3rd and 6th week and then significantly increased. MDA level increased initially, dropped below baseline after 6 weeks and then remained at the level of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The changes observed in the present experiment suggest a significant imbalance in antioxidative system in the skeletal muscle of rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes. Such study may lead to therapeutic approaches for limiting the damage from oxidation reactions and preventing the diabetic complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki Str. 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. kzchl@asklepios.am.lublin.pl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumieniczek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hopkała
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wójtowicz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nieradko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid