title: New and emerging pharmacological strategies in the management of chronic heart failure.
abstract: Chronic heart failure is a complex syndrome involving the activation of multiple cellular, metabolic and neurohumoral pathways following the initial myocardial insult. Because of the complexity of the disease, strategies targeting these multiple systems involved in disease progression are required to maximise the therapeutic benefits of intervention. To this end, there are a number of approaches currently under active evaluation. These include the inhibition of additional neurohormonal vasoconstrictor systems (e.g. endothelin and vasopressin systems), cytokine antagonists (e.g. agents that block tumour necrosis factor-alpha activity), agents that favourably modulate extracellular matrix (e.g. matrix metalloprotease inhibitors) and agents that augment natriuretic peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria, Australia. henry.krum@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krum
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016232:Endothelins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D045283:Natriuretic Agents / Q000819:agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D016232:Endothelins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D045283:Natriuretic Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases