title: Recipient MHC class II expression is required to achieve long-term survival of murine cardiac allografts after costimulatory blockade.
abstract: To study the role of the direct and indirect pathways in achieving tolerance, we used genetically altered mouse strains in two ways: 1) MHC class II-deficient mice were used as donors of skin and cardiac grafts to eliminate the direct CD4(+) T cell response, and 2) B6 II(-)4(+) mice, which are MHC class II-deficient mice expressing an MHC class II transgene only on thymic epithelium, were used as recipients of normal grafts. These mice cannot mount an indirect response. Eliminating the indirect pathway actually made it more difficult to achieve prolonged allograft survival when we used costimulatory blockade than when both pathways were available. Costimulatory blockade was ineffective even when CD4(+) T cells from normal animals were transferred into recipients that lacked MHC class II molecules. These results suggest that an active CD4(+) response through the indirect pathway is necessary for costimulatory blockade to be effective in prolonging allograft survival.
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Unit, Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandraker
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gerth
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sayegh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Auchincloss
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006082:Graft Enhancement, Immunologic; D006085:Graft Survival; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D000069594:Abatacept