title: Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: influence of a Billroth I versus a Billroth II type of reconstruction on gastric emptying.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a frequent problem after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Important risk factors are the presence of intra-abdominal complications. Searching for other causes, this study evaluates the influence of the type of reconstruction after a pancreatoduodenectomy (Billroth I vs. Billroth II; B I vs. B II on DGE.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed evaluating consecutive patients from two surgical institutes. 174 patients were included (B II type of reconstruction n = 123, period 1992-1996; B I type of reconstruction n = 51, period 1988-1998). DGE was defined by gastric stasis requiring nasogastric intubation for 10 days or more or the inability to tolerate a regular diet on or before the 14th postoperative day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a B I type of reconstruction, there was significantly longer nasogastric intubation period as compared with a B II type of reconstruction (B I median 13 days, range 4-47, B II median 6 days, range 1-40; p < 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative commencement of a normal diet. Also significantly more patients had DGE after a B I (76%) as compared with a B II type of reconstruction (32%; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate a significantly higher incidence of DGE after a B I type of reconstruction as compared with a B II type reconstruction. The etiology remains speculative.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Goei
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: van Berge Henegouwen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Slooff
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: van Gulik
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gouma
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Eddes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011708:Pylorus / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome