title: A single injection of lidocaine as local anesthesia for ultrasound guided needle biopsy of the prostate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the effectiveness of a single injection of lidocaine on patient tolerance of multiple needle biopsies of the prostate.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 100 consecutive group 1 patients local anesthesia was achieved by a single bolus injection of 10 ml. lidocaine and multiple prostatic needle biopsies was performed under ultrasound guidance. At the end of the procedure patients were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding the level of pain. Answers were compared with those of 100 group 2 patients who underwent prostatic biopsy before the introduction of local anesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the group 1 patients 93% had only slight discomfort during the procedure and 7% required a further 1 cc bolus of lidocaine. In 55% of group 2 patients the level of pain during the procedure was significant but bearable, in 35% it was considered unbearable and in 10% sedation with midazolam was necessary. There was no significant difference in complications in the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single injection of local anesthesia for prostatic biopsy proved to be efficient, well tolerated by patients and effective for decreasing the pain associated with the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano (Milan), Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taverna
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maffezzini
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benetti
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seveso
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giusti
authors.forename: Pierpaolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Graziotti
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007267:Injections; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008012:Lidocaine; D008874:Midazolam