title: Pain management after adenoidectomy with ketoprofen: comparison of rectal and intravenous routes.
abstract: We compared the efficacy of rectally and intravenously administered ketoprofen for pain management after day-case adenoidectomy. Patients (123 children aged 1-9 yr) were allocated randomly to receive on induction of anaesthesia ketoprofen 25 mg rectally with an i.v. placebo, ketoprofen 25 mg i.v. with a rectal placebo, or placebo both i.v. and rectally. The method of anaesthesia and the operative technique were standardized. Postoperative pain was assessed at rest and during swallowing using the Maunuksela pain scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). Fentanyl 0.5 microg kg(-1) was given as rescue analgesia. There was no significant difference between the two ketoprofen groups in their requirement for rescue analgesics. However, both the proportion of children needing rescue analgesics [55 of 84 children (65%) vs. 33 of 39 children (84%); difference 19%, 95% confidence interval 4-34%, P=0.029] and the number of rescue analgesic doses [mean 1.2 (SD 1.2) vs. 2.2 (1.4); mean difference 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.4-1.4, P=0.001] were significantly lower among children receiving ketoprofen than in children receiving placebo. Adverse events, duration of operation, perioperative bleeding, pain scores and time of discharge were similar in the three groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kokki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tuovinen
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013488:Suppositories
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D013488:Suppositories; D007660:Ketoprofen; D005283:Fentanyl