title: Costs incurred by families having Type 1 diabetes in a developing country--a study from Southern India.
abstract: The aim of the study was to estimate the direct family costs of Type 1 diabetes in India. The study was carried out with the participation of the families of 209 Type 1 DM patients (M:F 126:83, mean age 26.6+/-12.7 years). The annual family income varied from Rs. 10,000 to 600,000/- (US$ 212-12,765) with a median of Rs. 60,000/- (US$ 1276). A median figure of Rs. 13,980 (US$ 310) was spent annually on diabetes by the families of patients; range Rs. 2046-87,150 (US$ 45-1936). Fifty six percent of patients were not earning. The median percentage of income spent on diabetes was 22% for the entire group, varying from 59% in the low socioeconomic group, 32% in the middle socioeconomic group, 18% in the upper middle income group and 12% in the high-income group. Patients managed on an outpatient basis alone incurred an expenditure of 16% of income while 23% of income was spent on those requiring hospitalisation.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre and M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, 4 Main Road, Royapuram, 600 013, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shobhana
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rama Rao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavanya
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Padma
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vijay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000191:economics*; D005190:Family; D005194:Family Practice / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007194:India; D007328:Insulin / Q000191:economics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013594:Syringes / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin