title: T cell infiltration of the prostate induced by androgen withdrawal in patients with prostate cancer.
abstract: Manipulations capable of breaking host tolerance to induce tissue-specific T cell-mediated inflammation are of central importance to tumor immunotherapy and our understanding of autoimmunity. We demonstrate that androgen ablative therapy induces profuse T cell infiltration of benign glands and tumors in human prostates. T cell infiltration is readily apparent after 7-28 days of therapy and is comprised predominantly of a response by CD4+ T cells and comparatively fewer CD8+ T cells. Also, T cells within the treated prostate exhibit restricted TCR Vbeta gene usage, consistent with a local oligoclonal response. Recruitment/activation of antigen-presenting cells in treated prostate tissues may contribute to local T cell activation. The induction of T cell infiltration in prostate tissues treated with androgen ablation may have implications for the immunotherapeutic treatment of prostate cancer as well as other hormone-sensitive malignancies, including breast carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mercader
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Bodner
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Manecke
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wojcik
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Flanigan
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Kast
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005485:Flutamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015333:Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D005485:Flutamide