title: Cloning and characterization of Scavidin, a fusion protein for the targeted delivery of biotinylated molecules.
abstract: We have constructed a novel fusion protein "Scavidin" consisting of the macrophage scavenger receptor class A and avidin. The Scavidin fusion protein is transported to plasma membranes where the avidin portion of the fusion protein binds biotin with high affinity and forms the basis for the targeted delivery of biotinylated molecules. Subcellular fractionation analysis, immunostaining, and electron microscopy demonstrated endosomal localization of the fusion protein. According to pulse-labeling and cross-linking studies Scavidin is found as monomers (55 kDa), dimers, and multimers, of which the 220-kDa form was the most abundant. The biotin binding capacity and active endocytosis of the biotinylated ligands were demonstrated in rat malignant glioma. Local Scavidin gene transfer to target tissues could have general utility as a universal tool to deliver biotinylated molecules at systemic low concentrations for therapeutic and imaging purposes, whereby high local concentration is achieved.
authors.affiliation: A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Kuopio, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Pauliina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lehtolainen
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taskinen
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laukkanen
authors.forename: Kari J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Airenne
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heino
authors.forename: Maarit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lappalainen
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ojala
authors.forename: Varpu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marjomäki
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Markku S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kulomaa
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ylä-Herttuala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001360:Avidin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019921:Biotinylation; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019281:Dimerization; D004705:Endocytosis; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008024:Ligands; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D008957:Models, Genetic; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D008024:Ligands; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; C451404:scavidin; D001360:Avidin