title: Therapeutic efficacy of intraperitoneal polymyxin B and polymyxin-like peptides alone or combined with levofloxacin in rat models of septic shock.
abstract: The efficacy of two polymyxin-like peptides, KFFKFFKFF and IKFLKFLKFL, alone and combined with levofloxacin, was investigated in a rat model of septic shock. Rats were given an ip injection of 2 x 10(10) cfu of Escherichia coli and randomized to receive ip isotonic sodium chloride solution, 7 mg/kg levofloxacin, 1 mg/kg polymyxin B and 1 mg/kg of each polymyxin-like peptides alone or combined with 7 mg/kg levofloxacin. Polymyxins achieved a significant reduction in plasma endotoxin and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration. Levofloxacin significantly reduced the bacterial growth and TNF-alpha concentration. The combinations of polymyxin-like peptides and levofloxacin demonstrated the highest efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cirioni
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghiselli
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
authors.forename: Alessandra Mataloni
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paggi
authors.forename: Fiorenza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kamysz
authors.forename: Franciszek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kasprzykowski
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mackiewicz
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scalise
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D011112:Polymyxin B