title: Should ICSI be the treatment of choice for all cases of in-vitro conception? Considerations of fertilization and embryo development, cost effectiveness and safety.
abstract: There is now considerable discussion whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) should be used in all cases of IVF. A critical and balanced view of the current literature is presented. The difficult question is how to identify men with apparently normal semen who are likely to fail to achieve a pregnancy using IVF. In conclusion, from both the safety and scientific viewpoint, ICSI should only be used in cases where success at IVF is regarded as unlikely.
authors.affiliation: Assisted Conception Unit, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 T2G, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afnan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papaioannou
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hammadieh
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Barratt
mesh_terms: D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012449:Safety; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics