title: Defensive freezing evoked by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray: comparison between dorsolateral and ventrolateral regions.
abstract: Previous reports indicated that ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) plays a role in the expression of freezing behavior whereas dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG) is involved on both freezing and active forms of defensive behaviors. In order to evaluate the role of each of these areas in the occurrence of defensive reactions, rats were electrically stimulated either in the dlPAG or vlPAG with different stimulus frequencies. Stepwise increases in the electrical stimulation of both dlPAG or vlPAG induced initially freezing and then a jumping response. Freezing induced by vlPAG stimulation had a tendency to disappear when the stimulation was turned off whereas freezing induced by dlPAG stimulation remained high in the absence of the stimulation. These results suggest that dlPAG and vlPAG are involved on defensive freezing probably through different neural circuitries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Psicobiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Vianna
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Graeff
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Landeira-Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000502:physiology*