title: Bacterial pneumonia: comparison between diabetics and non-diabetics.
abstract: To determine the causative organisms, antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcome of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in diabetics and to compare this with non-diabetics, sputum cultures done at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in the period between January 1998 and December 1999 were reviewed. A total of 354 cases were studied, of which 125 (35%) were diabetics. Diabetic patients were older with a male predominance compared to non-diabetics. H. influenza was the commonest pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in both diabetics and non-diabetics, but there was a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Gram-negative bacilli were the commonest pathogens in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in both diabetics and non-diabetics. Ampicillin, co-amoxyclav, flouroquinolones, second-generation cephalosporins and erythromycin were used empirically in CAP while aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and imipenem were used in HAP in both diabetics and non-diabetics. No significant difference in mortality was found between diabetics and non-diabetics, for either CAP or HAP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Akbar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents