title: Centroblastic-centrocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma stage I-III: patterns of failure following radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the patterns of failure and survival after involved-field or more extensive radiotherapy for centroblastic-centrocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) as well as the impact of radiotherapy dose on local control.
  
  
  METHODS
  47 patients with Stage I-III centroblastic-centrocytic NHL were treated with involved-field (IF) extended-field radiotherapy (EF-RT) or total lymphatic irradiation (TLI). The involved regions received 25.5-50 Gy, non-involved regions were treated with a dose of 26 Gy in most cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Stage I/II, the majority of relapses (64%) were nodal and were located adjacent or distant to the former radiation portals. 79% of relapses occurred after IF-RT, 21% after EF-RT or TLI. 5-year overall survival (OAS) after EF-RT/TLI and IF-RT for Stages I/II was 85% and 83%, respectively (n.s.); relapse free survival (RFS) was 73% and 61%, respectively (n.s.). A tendency for better overall survival was found for patients who relapsed at one or two sites (5-year overall survival 100%) compared to patients with three or more relapse sites (5-year overall survival 0%). For Stage III overall survival was 72%, freedom from progression (FFP) was 27% at 5 years. We found a dose-effect correlation for local control with a relapse rate of 31% after 26-34 Gy and 4% after application of 36 Gy; no relapses occurred after doses of 40 Gy or more.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In involved lymph node regions a relatively small number of relapses was observed after application of a minimal dose of 36 Gy. In Stages I/II most relapses were located outside the radiation portals, yet EF-RT was not superior to IF-RT in terms of overall survival and relapse free survival. Prospective randomized trials are necessary to prove a potentially favorable effect of more extended radiotherapy portals (TLI or TNI [total nodal irradiation]) and to evaluate the optimal radiotherapy dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany. Strahlentherapie@klinikum.Darmstadt.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zierhut
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schulz-Ertner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wannenmacher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D017211:Treatment Failure