title: Growth, regeneration, and tumorigenesis of the prostate activates the PSCA promoter.
abstract: The prostate gland undergoes dramatic changes in growth status during normal physiologic development, following androgen administration to castrate animals, and during tumor development. The prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA, named for its strong sequence homology to the thymocyte marker stem cell antigen 2) is a cell surface molecule associated with human and murine prostate cancer. To help define the regulation of this molecule, we created a transgenic mouse strain, which uses the human PSCA promoter region to control the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). Expression of GFP was detected in mid-gestation following the appearance of prostatic buds from the urogenital sinus. In adult mice, GFP expression was restricted to a subset of cells located in the distal tips of the glands. GFP expression increased during puberty and regeneration driven by androgen and associated with expansive growth of the prostate. GFP-positive cells coexpressed markers associated with both basal and secretory cells in the human prostate. Prostate carcinogenesis driven by T antigen in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model results in an increased percentage and intensity level for PSCA promoter-driven GFP-positive cells. This transgenic system helps define the range of cellular changes associated with altered expression of PSCA, shows that transcriptional control is a major component regulating PSCA levels, and provides a useful tool to study subpopulations of prostate epithelial cells and factors that regulate the PSCA promoter.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watabe
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hisamitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Annemarie A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Donjacour
authors.forename: Gerald R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Owen N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Reiter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D002455:Cell Division; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C110843:PSCA protein, human; C504399:Psca protein, mouse; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008156:Luciferases