Steroid signaling in plants: from the cell surface to the nucleus.
Steroid hormones are signaling molecules important for normal growth, development and differentiation of multicellular organisms. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxylated steroids that are necessary for plant development. Molecular genetic studies in Arabidopsis thaliana have led to the cloning and characterization of the BR receptor, BRI1, which is a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase. The extracellular domain of BRI1, which is composed mainly of leucine-rich repeats, can confer BR responsivity to heterologous cells and is required for BR binding. Although downstream components of BR action are mostly unknown, multiple genes whose expression are regulated by BRs have been identified and suggest mechanisms by which BRs affect cell elongation and division.
Friedrichsen
D
D
Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Chory
J
J
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D060406:Brassinosteroids; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002777:Cholestanols / Q000378:metabolism*; D006487:Hemostasis; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic / Q000378:metabolism*
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C412457:Bin2 protein, human; D060406:Brassinosteroids; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002777:Cholestanols; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic; D011494:Protein Kinases; C108270:BRI1 protein, Arabidopsis; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; C022633:serine carboxypeptidase; C499281:BRS1 protein, Arabidopsis; C023623:brassinolide