title: A double-blind randomised comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms in Chinese dementia patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are common during the course of dementia and present severe problems to patients and their caregivers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of haloperidol and risperidone in treating BPSD in Chinese dementia patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-week double-blind randomised comparison of haloperidol and risperidone treatments was conducted in 58 patients with DSM-IV diagnosis of dementia of Alzheimer's type or vascular dementia. They were randomly assigned to receive flexible doses (0.5 to 2 mg/day) of haloperidol or risperidone. Clinical response was evaluated using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD), Simpson-Angus Scale, Functional Assessment Staging and Cantonese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean doses at the last week were 0.90 mg/day of haloperidol and 0.85 mg/day of risperidone. Both haloperidol and risperidone significantly reduced the severity of BPSD (scores on CMAI and BEHAVE-AD), with no significant between-group differences. Haloperidol-treated patients showed a worsening on Simpson-Angus scale while there was no significant change in this measure in risperidone-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose haloperidol and risperidone were well tolerated and associated with reductions in the severity and frequency of behavioural symptoms in subjects with dementia. Risperidone may have a more favourable risk-benefit profile in view of its lower propensity to induce extrapyramidal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Psychogeriatric Department, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong. chanwc1@ha.org.hk
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Choy
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006220:Haloperidol; D018967:Risperidone