title: The tyrosine kinase c-Src is required for 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 signalling to the nucleus in muscle cells.
abstract: We have recently shown that the hormonal form of vitamin D3, 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), stimulates the enzymatic activity of the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase c-Src in skeletal muscle cells. In this study we show that intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ chelation with BAPTA and EGTA, respectively, blocked hormone stimulation of c-Src activity/dephosphorylation, indicating that the calcium messenger system is an upstream activator of c-Src. Tyrosine phosphorylation and stimulation of the growth-related mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by 1,25(OH)2D3 was shown to be dependent on activation of c-Src, since pretreatment with the c-Src specific inhibitor PP1 or muscle cell transfection with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide directed against c-Src mRNA markedly reduced hormone stimulation of MAPK phosphorylation. Evidence was obtained indicating that MAPK is then translocated to the cell nucleus in active phosphorylated form and induces the expression of c-myc oncoprotein, as the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 abolished stimulation of c-myc synthesis by 1,25(OH)2D3. In addition, the hormone rapidly stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of c-myc. In cells pretreated with PP1 (4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo-D3,4-pyrimidine), the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of c-myc was suppressed. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulates proliferation-associated signalling pathways in skeletal muscle cells and implicate c-Src kinase as mediator of this response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahia Blanca, Argentina.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buitrago
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boland
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de Boland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000081247:CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018909:src Homology Domains; D019061:src-Family Kinases
chemical_list: C108123:4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(tert-butyl)pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000081247:CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C025603:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid