title: Antiulcerogenic activity of crude ethanol extract and some fractions obtained from aerial parts of Artemisia annua L.
abstract: The resulting enriched sesquiterpene lactone fraction and the crude ethanol extract of Artemisia annua L. aerial parts, showed antiulcerogenic activity when administered orally, on the indomethacin induced ulcer in rats. The sesquiterpene lactone fraction yielded three different polarity fractions on column chromatography as follows: non-polar, medium polarity and polar fraction, When submitted to the same indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats they resulted in different levels of inhibition of the ulcerative lesion index. The participation of nitric oxide was evaluated on an ethanol-induced ulcer model which had a previous administration of L-NAME, a NO-synthase inhibitor. Under these conditions, the medium polarity fraction maintained the antiulcerogenic activity, suggesting that nitric oxide could not be involved in the antiulcerogenic activity. When the animal groups were treated with N-ethylmaleimide, an alkylator of sulphhydryl groups, using the same experimental model, the medium polarity fraction maintained its antiulcerogenic activity, suggesting that the pharmacological mechanism is not related to non-protein sulphydryl compounds. On the ethanol-induced ulcer with previous indomethacin treatment, the medium polarity fraction lost its antiulcerogenic activity indicating that the active compounds of Artemisia annua L. increase the prostaglandin levels in the gastric mucosa. This hypothesis was reinforced by an increase of adherent mucus production by the gastric mucosa, produced by the medium polarity fraction on the hypothermic restraint stress induced ulcer model.
authors.affiliation: Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas Biológicas e Agrícolas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6171 CEP 13083 970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. patricia@cpqba.unicamp.br
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Foglio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Possenti
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019306:Artemisia; D000431:Ethanol; D005033:Ethylmaleimide; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007213:Indomethacin; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018547:Plant Stems; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D005033:Ethylmaleimide; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D007213:Indomethacin