title: Aerobic glucose metabolism of Saccharomyces kluyveri: growth, metabolite production, and quantification of metabolic fluxes.
abstract: The growth and product formation of Saccharomyces kluyveri was characterized in aerobic batch cultivation on glucose. At these conditions it was found that ethyl acetate was a major overflow metabolite in S. kluyveri. During the exponential-growth phase on glucose ethyl acetate was produced at a constant specific rate of 0.12 g ethyl acetate per g dry weight per hour. The aerobic glucose metabolism in S. kluyveri was found to be less fermentative than in S. cerevisiae, as illustrated by the comparably low yield of ethanol on glucose (0.08 +/- 0.02 g/g), and high yield of biomass on glucose (0.29 +/- 0.01 g/g). The glucose metabolism of S. kluyveri was further characterized by the new and powerful techniques of metabolic network analysis. Flux distributions in the central carbon metabolism were estimated for respiro-fermentative growth in aerobic batch cultivation on glucose and respiratory growth in aerobic glucose-limited continuous cultivation. It was found that in S. kluyveri the flux into the pentose phosphate pathway was 18.8 mmole per 100 mmole glucose consumed during respiratory growth in aerobic glucose-limited continuous cultivation. Such a low flux into the pentose phosphate pathway cannot provide the cell with enough NADPH for biomass formation which is why the remaining NADPH will have to be provided by another pathway. During batch cultivation of S. kluyveri the tricarboxylic acid cycle was working as a cycle with a considerable flux, that is in sharp contrast to what has previously been observed in S. cerevisiae at the same growth conditions, where the tricarboxylic acid cycle operates as two branches. This indicates that the respiratory system was not significantly repressed in S. kluyveri during batch cultivation on glucose.
authors.affiliation: Center for Process Biotechnology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 223, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kasper
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: Bjarke
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Förster
authors.forename: Jure
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piskur
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000332:Aerobiosis; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010427:Pentose Phosphate Pathway; D012440:Saccharomyces / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; C007650:ethyl acetate; D005947:Glucose