Magnesium reduces insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and serum lipid concentrations in type 1 diabetes.
A magnesium (Mg) deficit has been described in patients with type 1 diabetes, and it has been related to the development of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that type 1 diabetic patients have deficits in dietary Mg intake and that proper long-term (24 weeks) oral Mg supplementation would reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the Mg status, dietary Mg intake, and the effect of Mg supplementation were evaluated in 10 type 1 diabetic patients and 5 control subjects. Muscle Mg content was decreased by 7% in the type 1 diabetic patients, and it increased by 5% after 24 weeks of oral MgO supplementation. Acute and chronic Mg supplementation decreased serum total cholesterol, serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake decreased by 35% after 24 weeks of oral MgO supplementation. Eight of 10 patients with type 1 diabetes had a daily intake of Mg below 90% of the recommended daily allowance. In conclusion, a Mg deficit was found in type 1 diabetic patients. The deficit might be due partly to a relatively Mg-deficient diet. Mg repletion was associated with a decrease in atherogenic lipid fractions and a reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake.
Djurhuus
M S
MS
Department of Clinical Biochemisty and Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Klitgaard
N A
NA
Pedersen
K K
KK
Blaabjerg
O
O
Altura
B M
BM
Altura
B T
BT
Henriksen
J E
JE
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012016:Reference Values
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D008274:Magnesium