title: Plasmid DNA immunization against Japanese encephalitis virus: immunogenicity of membrane-anchored and secretory envelope protein.
abstract: Plasmid DNA synthesizing membrane-anchored or secretory Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) envelope (E) protein and premembrane protein was delivered to mice by intramuscular injection or gene gun. Intramuscular plasmid immunization induced anti-E antibody responses similar to those associated with commercial JEV vaccine. The gene gun induced less antibody response. The 2 forms of the E protein induced similar antibody titers when administered by the same delivery mode. Both plasmids generated high titers of JEV-neutralizing antibodies, although the titers were lower than those induced by the vaccine. Intramuscular DNA immunization induced T helper 1 (Th1) immune responses, and the gene gun induced Th2 responses. Compared with secretory E protein, the membrane-anchored protein heavily skewed the immune response toward either Th1 or Th2, depending on the route of immunization. In an intracerebral JEV challenge model, plasmid-immunized mice had approximately 60% protection; this was not affected by the form of the E protein or by immunization route.
authors.affiliation: Virology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rupinderjeet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Geetanjali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.forename: Sudhanshu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vrati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010957:Plasmids; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C080628:glycoprotein E, Japanese encephalitis virus