title: Two bellies of the coracobrachialis muscle associated with a third head of the biceps brachii muscle.
abstract: Reports that describe the abnormalities and complexities of the anatomy of the arm are important with regard to surgical approaches. This case study reports a combined abnormal form of the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii muscles of the left arm of an adult male cadaver that was detected during the educational gross anatomy dissections of embalmed cadavers. The coracobrachialis muscle demonstrated two bellies which formed shortly inferior to its origin from the coracoid process of the scapula. One belly inserted into the middle of the antero-medial surface of the humerus, whereas the other belly inserted into the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle. The musculocutaneous nerve passed between the two bellies, giving a separate branch to each. We suggest that the two bellies of the coracobrachialis muscle may represent the incompletely fused short heads of the ancestral muscle. The biceps brachii muscle showed a third head, which originated mainly from the antero-medial surface of the humerus and partially from an aponeurosis belonging to the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle. These observations were confined to the left upper limb and were not accompanied by any other abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. mnaggar@kaau.edu.sa
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: El-Naggar
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Zahir
mesh_terms: D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education; D001132:Arm / Q000473:pathology*; D004210:Dissection; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*