title: Coordinate regulation of catecholamine uptake by rab3 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.
abstract: Previously we observed that rab3 GTPases modulate both the secretion of catecholamines from PC12 neuroendocrine cells and the steady-state accumulation of exogenous norepinephrine (NE) into these cells (Weber, E., Jilling, T., and Kirk, K. L. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 6963-6971). Here we addressed the mechanisms by which these monomeric GTPases stimulate NE uptake by PC12 cells including their effects on uptake kinetics, their sites of action (secretory granule membrane versus plasma membrane), and the involvement of rab3-interacting proteins in this process. We observed that rab3B stimulated the rate and maximal accumulation of radiolabeled NE into large dense core vesicles within intact PC12 cells. rab3A and rab3B also increased NE uptake into large dense core vesicles in digitonin-permeabilized PC12 cells, which indicates that these GTPases stimulate catecholamine uptake at the level of the secretory granule membrane. In an attempt to identify rab3B targets that may mediate this effect on NE uptake, we found that rab3B interacts directly with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in a GTP-dependent fashion and that PI3K activity was elevated in PC12 cells overexpressing rab3B. Furthermore, two structurally distinct inhibitors of PI3K (wortmannin and LY294002) inhibited NE uptake in intact as well as digitonin-permeabilized PC12 cells, but had no effect on calcium-evoked NE secretion. Our results indicate that rab3 and PI3K positively and coordinately regulate NE uptake in PC12 neuroendocrine cells at least in part by stimulating the secretory vesicle uptake step.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sunshine
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D000077191:Wortmannin; D020692:rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020826:rab3A GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D002395:Catecholamines; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009025:Morpholines; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C492132:Rab3b protein, rat; D020692:rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins; D020826:rab3A GTP-Binding Protein; D000077191:Wortmannin