title: Clinical versus magnetic resonance imaging findings with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint: an evaluation of anterior disc displacement without reduction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the clinical finding of anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADWOR) and pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is correlated to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of TMJ internal derangement (ID).
  
  
  METHODS
  The TMJ group was composed of 55 TMJ pain patients who were assigned a clinical diagnosis of unilateral ADWOR. The control group consisted of 58 nonpainful TMJ patients. Sagittal and coronal MR images were obtained to establish the incidence and type of ID.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using chi-square analysis, the results showed a significant relationship between the presence of pain and the MRI diagnosis of ID (P =.000) and its type (P =.000). Use of the kappa statistical test indicated poor diagnostic agreement between the presence of pain and the MRI diagnosis of ID (kappa = 0.37) and disc displacement with reduction (kappa = 0.20). The diagnostic agreement for disc displacement without reduction was 78.8%, with a corresponding kappa-value of 0.58, indicating fair agreement between the clinical and the MRI diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that TMJ pain associated with ADWOR is correlated with MRI diagnoses of ID and the ID type. These data confirm the use of the clinical diagnostic criteria for disc displacement without reduction as a reliable method of predicting similar MRI diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Maxillofaziale-Chirurgie@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Emshoff
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Innerhofer
authors.forename: Ansgar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudisch
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000473:pathology*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*