title: Classification issues in malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development.
abstract: Malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development (MCDs) as a group are now widely recognized as a key cause of medically refractory epilepsies, often leading to a consideration of surgical treatment. A practical classification scheme including histopathologic, imaging, and, if possible, clinical-electrographic features of the various different types of MCDs, will be important to the delineation of surgical strategies and anticipation of medical and surgical prognoses. A proposal of such a scheme with emphasis on the focal cortical dysplasias is given in the hopes that it will reopen the debate on the best way to classify these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Porto Alegre Epilepsy Surgery Program, Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, and Hospital São Lucas, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. apalmini@conex.com.br
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmini
authors.forename: Hans O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Lüders
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000145:classification / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology