Prodrugs in nasal drug delivery.
Prodrugs have been used to overcome poor solubility, insufficient stability, incomplete absorption across biological membranes and premature metabolism to active species. This review examines the importance of various physicochemical factors affecting nasal absorption of drugs. Novel trends in nasal prodrug development in the areas of targeted delivery to the CNS and selective targeting of the nutrient transporter system of the nasal mucosa have received considerable attention.
Tirucherai
G S
GS
Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri Kansas City, 5005 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
Yang
C
C
Mitra
A K
AK
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004058:Diffusion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000378:metabolism; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D004337:Drug Carriers; D010455:Peptides; D011355:Prodrugs