title: Cutting Edge: CpG DNA inhibits dendritic cell apoptosis by up-regulating cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins through the phosphatidylinositide-3'-OH kinase pathway.
abstract: CpG DNA has been recognized as a powerful stimulant of dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we demonstrate that CpG DNA inhibits spontaneous apoptosis of DCs. CpG DNA up-regulated cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) as well as Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L), but down-regulated active caspase-3. Although CpG DNA activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-related kinase, and phosphatidylinositide-3'-OH kinase (PI3K), only the blocking of PI3K inhibited the CpG DNA-induced DC survival. Moreover, while the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) depends on both PI3K and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, the up-regulation of cIAPs and the down-regulation of active caspase-3 by CpG DNA require PI3K activation, suggesting PI3K-dependent up-regulation of cIAPs in the antiapoptotic activity of CpG DNA in DCs. This study indicates that CpG DNA provides a survival signal to DCs, which might be one of mechanisms by which bacterial DNA stimulates and maintains the innate immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, National Laboratory of DNA Medicine, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-ku, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Yunji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D051020:bcl-X Protein
chemical_list: D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009025:Morpholines; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051020:bcl-X Protein; C494812:Bcl2l1 protein, mouse; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse