title: Cellular bicarbonate protects rat duodenal mucosa from acid-induced injury.
abstract: Secretion of bicarbonate from epithelial cells is considered to be the primary mechanism by which the duodenal mucosa is protected from acid-related injury. Against this view is the finding that patients with cystic fibrosis, who have impaired duodenal bicarbonate secretion, are paradoxically protected from developing duodenal ulcers. Therefore, we hypothesized that epithelial cell intracellular pH regulation, rather than secreted extracellular bicarbonate, was the principal means by which duodenal epithelial cells are protected from acidification and injury. Using a novel in vivo microscopic method, we have measured bicarbonate secretion and epithelial cell intracellular pH (pH(i)), and we have followed cell injury in the presence of the anion transport inhibitor DIDS and the Cl(-) channel inhibitor, 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB). DIDS and NPPB abolished the increase of duodenal bicarbonate secretion following luminal acid perfusion. DIDS decreased basal pH(i), whereas NPPB increased pH(i); DIDS further decreased pH(i) during acid challenge and abolished the pH(i) overshoot over baseline observed after acid challenge, whereas NPPB attenuated the fall of pH(i) and exaggerated the overshoot. Finally, acid-induced epithelial injury was enhanced by DIDS and decreased by NPPB. The results support the role of intracellular bicarbonate in the protection of duodenal epithelial cells from luminal gastric acid.
authors.affiliation: Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90073, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Guth
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nastaskin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sassani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dukkipatis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pushkin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kaunitz
mesh_terms: D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000502:physiology; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009579:Nitrobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters / Q000032:analysis; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D009579:Nitrobenzoates; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; C058176:5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid; D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid