title: Functional expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by murine CD8 alpha(+) dendritic cells.
abstract: Immunoregulatory antigen-presenting cells (APC) play an important role in maintaining T cell homeostasis and self-tolerance. In particular, recent evidence demonstrates a role for inhibition of T cell proliferation by macrophage tryptophan catabolism involving the activity of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Dendritic cells (DC) have also been shown to exert immunoregulatory effects mediated by tryptophan catabolism and to cause T cell apoptosis. In the present study, we have comparatively analyzed the expression of IDO activity by murine macrophages and splenic DC. By means of PCR, Western blotting and measurements of enzyme functional activity, we obtained evidence that, different from macrophages, DC constitutively express IDO. Following activation by IFN-gamma, the latter cells, in particular the CD8 alpha(+) subset, exhibit high functional activity and, unlike macrophages, mediate apoptosis of T(h) cells in vitro. Therefore, in the mouse, CD8 alpha(+) DC may be unique APC capable of fully expressing the IDO mechanism functionally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, Perugia 06122, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fallarino
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vacca
authors.forename: Ciriana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orabona
authors.forename: Maria L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Belladonna
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Derin B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mellor
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fioretti
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grohmann
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puccetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D049308:Dioxygenases; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016827:CD8 Antigens; C431698:CD8alpha antigen; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D010105:Oxygenases; D049308:Dioxygenases