Differential clearance and induction of host responses by various administered or released lipopolysaccharides.
The clearance and activity of different types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released during infection with Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. When highly purified preparations differing in their specific endotoxin activity were administered intravenously to mice, the clearance of rough (R)-form LPS preparations from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli was much faster than that of a smooth (S)-form LPS preparation from Salmonella abortus equi, but slower than that of lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) preparations from Bordetella pertussis and Helicobacter pylori. After intraperitoneal infection with 10(7) and 10(8) CFU E. coli O111:B4, relatively high levels of LPS were detected dose-dependently in the plasma of infected mice and persisted for a long time. In addition, plasma sCD14 levels in infected mice were higher than in LPS-administered mice. These results indicate that continuously higher levels of plasma LPS followed by stronger host responses occur during infection and suggest that these differences between LPS-administered and infected mice should be taken into consideration when analyzing host responses induced by LPS.
Hasunuma
R
R
Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.
Morita
H
H
Tanaka
S
S
Ryll
R
R
Freudenberg
M A
MA
Galanos
C
C
Kumazawa
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008033:Limulus Test; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001324:Autoantigens; D016207:Cytokines; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C023023:lipid-linked oligosaccharides