Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and relations to fatty acid composition in the diet and in serum cholesterol esters.
High plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 levels and poor dietary fat quality are potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between PAI-1 activity and dietary nutrient intake, focusing on fat quality, in a population-based study of 871 men aged 70 years. The relationship between PAI-1 and the fatty acid composition in serum cholesterol esters (n=381 men) was also studied. The estimated total fat intake was positively associated with PAI-1 activity. The intake of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was positively associated with PAI-1 activity, whereas the intake of saturated fatty acids was not. In serum cholesterol esters, higher proportions of palmitoleic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a lower proportion of linoleic acid, and reduced estimated Delta5-desaturase activity were associated with higher PAI-1 levels. These associations were confounded by factors representing the insulin resistance syndrome. PAI-1 activity was positively associated with gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid, independent of potential confounders. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids is positively associated with PAI-1 activity, whereas intake of saturated fatty acids is not. The associations present between PAI-1 activity and the fatty acid proportions in serum cholesterol esters are partly influenced by metabolic syndrome-related factors.
Byberg
L
L
Sections of Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. liisa.byberg@pubcare.uu.se
Smedman
A
A
Vessby
B
B
Lithell
H
H
D000368:Aged; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values
D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010743:Phospholipids; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C117025:pentadecanoic acid; C013102:margaric acid