title: Microcyst formation and HIV-1 gene expression occur in multiple nephron segments in HIV-associated nephropathy.
abstract: Tubular microcyst formation is a prominent histopathologic feature of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), but its pathogenesis is unknown. HIV-1 has recently been shown to infect renal tubular epithelial cells in patients with HIVAN. In addition, HIV-1 gene expression in renal epithelial cells has been shown to cause a renal disease that is identical to HIVAN in HIV-1 transgenic mice. In these studies, immunohistochemistry for tubular segment-specific markers and mRNA in situ hybridization for HIV-1 was used to determine which tubular segments develop microcysts and which segments express HIV-1 in the kidneys of transgenic mice and patients with HIVAN. It was found that microcysts involve multiple nephron segments in both patients with HIVAN and HIV-1 transgenic mice. Furthermore, HIV-1 infection in HIVAN and HIV-1 transgene expression also occurs in multiple segments of the nephron. These data support a direct role for HIV-1 infection of renal epithelial cells in the pathogenesis of microcyst formation in patients with HIVAN.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Bruggeman's current affiliation: Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.|Division of NephrologyMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Dr. Bruggeman's current affiliation: Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.|Division of NephrologyMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Leslie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bruggeman
authors.affiliation: Dr. Bruggeman's current affiliation: Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.|Division of NephrologyMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Patricia D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Dr. Bruggeman's current affiliation: Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.|Division of NephrologyMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Klotman
mesh_terms: D016263:AIDS-Associated Nephropathy / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D003560:Cysts / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D007684:Kidney Tubules; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics; D009399:Nephrons / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger