title: Achieving maximal renal protection in nondiabetic chronic renal disease.
abstract: A rapid global increase in the number of patients requiring renal replacement therapy necessitates that effective strategies for renal protection are developed and applied widely. We review the experimental and clinical evidence in support of individual renoprotective interventions, including angiotensin-converting enzyme therapy, control of systemic hypertension, dietary protein restriction, reduction of proteinuria, treatment of hyperlipidemia, and smoking cessation. We also consider potential future renoprotective therapies. To achieve maximal renal protection, a comprehensive strategy employing all of these elements is required. This strategy should be directed at normalizing clinical markers of renal disease to induce a state of remission.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Taal
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012074:Remission Induction; D016540:Smoking Cessation
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004044:Dietary Proteins