title: Hormone replacement therapy to improve left ventricular diastolic functions in healthy postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of estrogen and estrogen plus progesterone replacement therapy on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function parameters in healthy postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six healthy consecutive postmenopausal women were prospectively enrolled. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which was either 0.625 mg/day conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) alone, or with 2.5 mg/day medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was administered depending on the hysterectomy status. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function parameters were evaluated with echocardiography before and after 6 months of HRT. The paired t-test was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estrogen or estrogen plus progesterone did not significantly alter the left ventricular dimensions and systolic function parameters. However, significant improvements were noted in several diastolic function parameters including late diastolic mitral flow velocity, ratio of early to late mitral flow velocity and isovolumic relaxation time (P=0.003, P=0.001 and P=0.005, respectively, for the CEE group; all P<0.001 for the CEE+MPA group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estrogen or estrogen plus progesterone replacement therapy may significantly improve left ventricular diastolic functions in healthy postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. ayliny@ato.org.tr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildirir
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yarali
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kabakci
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aybar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akgul
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bukulmez
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003971:Diastole / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate