title: Ocular tear film bubble counts after recreational compressed air diving.
abstract: Other authors have demonstrated an increase in tear film bubble counts following dry, compressed air dives. We examined the lower tear film meniscus for the presence of bubbles in 42 divers after compressed air dives on a single day and in 11 divers undergoing repetitive, multi-day diving exposures over 5 days. After diving, bubble counts increased significantly (P < 0.01) from predive values. From a predive median (inter-quartile range) of 0 (0-0.33) bubbles/eye, single-day divers reached a maximum bubble count at 48 h after diving of 1 (0-2.25) bubbles/eye. Similarly, from a predive count of 0.33 (0-1) bubbles/eye, multi-day divers had increased bubble counts from 24 h following their first dive until 24 h following their final dive when counts were 1.67 (0.92-3.08) bubbles/eye. Bubble counts were not significantly correlated with inert gas load, body mass index, age, or diving experience. We confirm that tear film bubble counts are raised after wet compressed air diving as previously described following dry diving.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Doolette
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heffernan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003263:Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic; D003664:Decompression; D004242:Diving; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D012737:Sex Factors; D013499:Surface Properties; D013666:Tears; D013997:Time Factors