title: Myocardial infarction in young adults with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels < or = 100 mg/dL: clinical profile and 1-year outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the clinical profile of young adults with optimal low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels who present with acute myocardial infarctions (MIs); to compare and contrast differences in the clinical profiles of young adults admitted to the hospital with MIs who have LDL cholesterol levels < or = 100 mg/dL and those with LDL cholesterol values > or = 160 mg/dL; and to evaluate the clinical outcomes for the two groups at 1 year.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was conducted on all young men (55 years) and women (65 years) admitted to the hospital for MIs within a 2-year period (n = 232). A history of cardiovascular risk factors and 1-year outcomes were obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rural community medical center serving a tri-state area in the midwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were included in this analysis if (1) a lipid profile was drawn within 24 h of hospital admission and (2) the patient was not receiving a statin medication on hospital admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 183 patients who met the inclusion criteria, as many as 68% (124 patients) had LDL cholesterol levels of < or = 130 mg/dL, 29% (53 patients) had LDL cholesterol level of < or = 100 mg/dL, and only 14% (26 patients) had LDL cholesterol levels of > or = 160 mg/dL. Patients were categorized into group 1 if their LDL cholesterol level was < or = 100 mg/dL and were categorized into group 2 if their LDL cholesterol level was > or = 160 mg/dL. In group 2, 92% of patients were placed on a statin medication. By 1 year, the mean LDL cholesterol level had decreased from 188 to 106 mg/dL. The rate of coronary artery bypass graft and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures was similar between groups. Hospital readmission rates (43.4% vs 50%, respectively) and 1-year mortality rates (9% vs 8%, respectively) were not different between groups group 1 and 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adults experiencing acute MIs typically have acceptable cholesterol levels (ie, < or = 130 mg/dL) or optimal values (ie, < or = 100 mg/dL). In those patients with abnormal cholesterol levels, a combined strategy of aggressive intervention and adherence to secondary prevention protocols including lipid control is successful in improving outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Gundersen Lutheran Medical Center, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA. kakosah@gundluth.org
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Akosah
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cerniglia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Havlik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents