Aggressive Epstein-Barr virus-associated, CD8+, CD30+, CD56+, surface CD3-, natural killer (NK)-like cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma.
We report an unusual case of aggressive natural killer (NK)-like cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma in a previously healthy immunocompetent West African male. He presented with a fever of unknown origin, subsequently developed erythematous skin nodules, generalized lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly, and then died of multiple organ failure. A skin nodule and lymph node biopsy showed an infiltrate of pleomorphic atypical medium and large lymphoid cells with extensive necrosis and prominent apoptosis. Peripheral blood and ascites also harbored these cells, with cytology revealing irregular nuclear folding and basophilic cytoplasm, and some with azurophilic cytoplasmic granules. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry demonstrated the expression of CD2, CD7, CD8, CD30, CD56, and cytoplasmic but not surface CD3. In situ hybridization demonstrated Epstein-Barr virus transcripts. A monoclonal T-cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangement was detected by polymerase chain reaction. This is the first reported case of an NK-like T-cell lymphoma with these unusual features, making precise classification difficult. Some features suggest an NK1.1 or NKT lymphocyte origin. Because the earliest clinical manifestation was splenomegaly and abnormal liver function, the normal cellular counterpart may be a distinct subset of NK1.1 cells normally present in hepatosplenic sinusoids. This tumor disseminated early and pursued a fulminant clinical course, thus emphasizing the importance of early recognition and diagnosis.
Tao
Jianguo
J
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Shelat
Suresh G
SG
Jaffe
Elaine S
ES
Bagg
Adam
A
D000328:Adult; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D016410:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen