title: Osteoprotegerin inhibits the development of osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Multiple myeloma is a B-cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow and the development of osteolytic bone disease. The present study demonstrates that myeloma cells express the critical osteoclastogenic factor RANKL (the ligand for receptor activator of NF-kappa B). Injection of 5T2MM myeloma cells into C57BL/KaLwRij mice resulted in the development of bone disease characterized by a significant decrease in cancellous bone volume in the tibial and femoral metaphyses, an increase in osteoclast formation, and radiologic evidence of osteolytic bone lesions. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry demonstrated a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) at each of these sites. Treatment of mice with established myeloma with recombinant osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein, the soluble decoy receptor for RANKL, prevented the development of lytic bone lesions. OPG treatment was associated with preservation of cancellous bone volume and inhibition of osteoclast formation. OPG also promoted an increase in femoral, tibial, and vertebral BMD. These data suggest that the RANKL/RANK/OPG system may play a critical role in the development of osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma and that targeting this system may have therapeutic potential.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, United Kingdom. peter.croucher@orthopaedic-surgery.oxford.ac.uk
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Croucher
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Shipman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lippitt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asosingh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hijzen
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Brabbs
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holen
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Skerry
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Dunstan
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Camp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vanderkerken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse