title: Modulation of Gardos channel activity by cytokines in sickle erythrocytes.
abstract: It has recently been shown that the Gardos channel activity of mouse erythrocytes can be modified by endothelins, suggesting a functional linkage between endothelin receptors and the Gardos channel. Using (86)Rubidium ((86)Rb) influx, effects were estimated of proinflammatory molecules such as platelet activator factor (PAF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) on the Gardos channel activity in human normal and sickle red cells. It was found that PAF (EC(50): 15 +/- 7 nM), RANTES (EC(50), 9 +/- 6 ng/mL [1.2 +/- 0.8 nM]), IL-10 (EC(50), 11 +/- 8 ng/mL [204 +/- 148 nM]), and ET-1 (EC(50), 123 +/- 34 nM) induce a significant increase in Gardos channel activity-between 28% and 84%-over the control. In addition, these agents modify the Gardos channel affinity for internal Ca(++) (K(0.5)) by 2- to 6-fold. Biochemical evidence is provided for the presence of ET receptor subtype B in sickle and normal red cells. Furthermore, it was found that ET-1, PAF, RANTES, and IL-10 induce a significant increase in red cell density (P <.05). These data suggest that activation of the Gardos channel is functionally coupled to receptor motifs such as C-X-C (PAF), C-C (RANTES), and ET receptor subtype B. Thus, cell volume regulation or erythrocyte hydration states might be altered by activation of the Gardos channel by cytokines in vivo. The role of these mediators in promoting sickle cell dehydration in vivo is under investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, MA 02115, USA. rivera_a@a1.tch.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jarolim
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brugnara
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000097:blood*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D048429:Cell Size; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D004913:Erythrocytes, Abnormal / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D024681:Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated / Q000502:physiology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000502:physiology; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000502:physiology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D016207:Cytokines; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010880:Piperidines; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D024681:Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; D044023:Receptor, Endothelin B; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D016753:Interleukin-10; C086539:BQ 788; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium