title: The Yin Yang 1 transcription factor associates with ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes in the cytoplasm of Xenopus oocytes.
abstract: Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional transcription factor that activates, represses, or initiates transcription of a diverse assortment of genes. Previous studies suggest a role for YY1 in cellular growth and differentiation, but its biological function during development of the vertebrate oocyte or embryo remains to be determined. We recently showed that YY1 is abundantly expressed throughout oogenesis and early embryonic stages of Xenopus, but it is sequestered in the cytoplasm and does not function directly in transcriptional regulation. In the present study we used a series of biochemical analyses to explore the potential function of YY1 in the oocyte cytoplasm. YY1 was isolated from oocyte lysates by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography, suggesting that it associates with maternally expressed mRNA in vivo. RNA mobility shift assays demonstrate that endogenous YY1 binds to labeled histone mRNA. Size exclusion chromatography of oocyte lysates revealed that YY1 exists in high molecular mass complexes in the range of 480 kDa. Destruction of endogenous RNA by RNase treatment of lysates, abolished the binding of YY1 to oligo(dT)-cellulose and resulted in redistribution from 480-kDa complexes to the monomeric form. Microinjection of RNase directly into the cytoplasm released YY1 from 480-kDa complexes and unmasked its DNA-binding activity, but did not promote translocation to the nucleus. These results provide evidence that YY1 is a component of ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes in the Xenopus oocyte, indicating a novel function for YY1 in the storage or metabolism of maternal transcripts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, 107 Wiggins Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ficzycz
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ovsenek
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor; C494701:YY1 protein, Xenopus; D012313:RNA