title: Minipig cytochrome P450 3A, 2A and 2C enzymes have similar properties to human analogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The search for an optimal experimental model in pharmacology is recently focused on (mini)pigs as they seem not only to be an alternative source of cells and tissues for xenotherapy but also an alternative species for studies on drug metabolism in man due to similarities between (mini) pig and human drug metabolizing systems. The purpose of this work is to characterize minipig liver microsomal cytochromes P450 (CYPs) by comparing their N-terminal sequences with corresponding human orthologs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microsomal CYPs exhibit similar activities to their human orthologous enzymes (CYP3A4, nifedipine oxidation; 2A6, coumarin 7-hydroxylation; 2D6, bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation; 2E1, p-nitrophenol hydroxylation; and 2C9, tolbutamide hydroxylation). Specific minipig CYP (2A, 2C and 3A) enzymes were partially purified and proteins identified by immunostaining (using antibodies against the respective human CYPs) were used for N-terminal amino acid sequencing. From comparisons, it can be concluded that the sequence of the first 20 amino acids at the N-terminus of minipig CYP2A is highly similar to human CYP2A6 (70% identity). The N-terminal sequence of CYP2C shared about 50% similarity with human 2C9. The results on the minipig liver microsomal CYP3A yielded identical data with those obtained for amino acid sequences of the pig CYP3A29 showing 60% identity with human CYP3A4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, our results further support the view that minipigs may serve as model animals in pharmacological/toxicological studies with substrates of human CYP enzymes, namely, of the CYP3A and CYP2A forms.
authors.affiliation: Group of Biotransformations, Center for Occupational Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, Praha 10, 100 42, Czech Republic. psoucek@szu.cz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soucek
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zuber
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anzenbacherová
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anzenbacher
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Guengerich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D013045:Species Specificity; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: C400322:cytochrome P-450 CYP2C subfamily; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C029009:steroid hormone 7-alpha-hydroxylase; C510163:CYP3A4 protein, human