title: Antioxidant properties of phenolic diterpenes from Rosmarinus officinalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the inhibition capacities of carnosol, rosmanol, and epirosmanol, which are phenolic diterpenes from Rosmarinus officinalis, to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) formation in human blood and detect their scavenging activities to lipid free radical and superoxide anion in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antioxidant activities which were expressed with the inhibilities to lipid free radicals in the membrane lipid of cell and oxidized LDL formation were evaluated by TBARS assay and ESR method. The inhibition on the Cu2+-mediated oxidization of apo B formation in LDL was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carnosol, rosmanol, and epirosmanol had an inhibitory activity to lipid peroxidation and oxidized apo B formation in human bloods LDL. The IC50 were 7-10 micromol/L. The antioxidant mechanism was related to the scavenging activities to lipid free radical.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  carnosol, rosmanol, and epirosmanol showed the activity in inhibiting LDL oxidation.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants; D004224:Diterpenes; D005609:Free Radicals; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D013481:Superoxides; C068623:carnosol; C465581:rosmanol; C017616:phenolic acid