Detection and quantification of HIV-1 specific CD4 helper and CD8 cytotoxic cells: their role in HIV-1-infected individuals and vaccine recipients.
There is a strong link between virus specific CD8 T-cell function and the efficiency of regulatory CD4 helper T cells. Controlling viraemia in HIV-1-infected individuals requires the maintenance of strong CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. These responses should be elicited by prophylactic vaccination and by postexposure immunotherapy. This review will examine the methods that are available for the detection and quantification of HIV-1 specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. We will also discuss the methods that should be used to identify these responses in HIV-1-infected individuals, seropositive recipients of immunotherapy and seronegative vaccinees. Finally, we will give examples of how responses observed in vitro relate to those known to occur in vivo.
Imami
N
N
Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. n.imami@ic.ac.uk
Hardy
G
G
Pires
A
A
Burton
C
C
Sullivan
A
A
Gotch
F
F
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines