title: Myocardial protection of immature rabbits with an ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener pinacidil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of pinacidil, an opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, in protecting the myocardium of immature rabbit hearts from ischemic reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbit hearts underwent 30 min of global normothermic ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion on the modified Langendorff apparatus. Fifty-two isolated hearts of 3-4 week-old immature rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly. During ischemia, 3 different cardioplegic solutions were administered intermittently by infusion every 15 min (20-25 ml each time in all groups). Group 1: control group (n = 13); group 2: Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution with potassium (16 mmol/L) (n = 13); group 3: K-H solution with potassium (16 mmol/L) and pinacidil (50 mumol/L) (n = 13); group 4: K-H solution with potassium (16 mmol/L), pinacidil (50 mumol/L) and glibenclamide (10 mumol/L) (n = 13). The pre-ischemic and post-ischemic myocardial functions were assessed by the percentage recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP); the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP); both the positive peak and negative peaks of the first derivative of the left ventricular pressures (+/- dp/dtmax); coronary flow; the level of creatine kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate transcarbamoylase (AST) in coronary sinus venous effluent; and by myocardial ultrastructural changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before myocardial ischemia, there were no significant differences among the four groups in any of the parameters mentioned above. Post-ischemic recovery of LVDP, LVEDP, +/- dp/dtmax, coronary flow, the level of CK, LDH and AST, and myocardial ultrastructural changes were better in group 3 than those in the three other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a new and effective composition, pinacidil can significantly improve myocardial protection from cardioplegia for immature rabbit hearts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003971:Diastole / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020110:Pinacidil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D020110:Pinacidil