Study of acaricide stability in honey. Characterization of amitraz degradation products in honey and beeswax.
A study on the possible degradation of amitraz, bromopropylate, coumaphos, chlordimeform, cymiazole, flumethrin, and tau-fluvalinate during the storage of honey was carried out by HPLC. Except amitraz, the other acaricides are stable in this medium for at least 9 months. Degradation studies of amitraz in honey and beeswax were carried out; the degradation products detected in both matrices were 2,4-dimethylphenylformamide (DMF) and N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylformamidine (DPMF). The reaction rate constants and the half-lives of the amitraz degradation in honey and wax were calculated. Amitraz was nearly completely degraded within 1 day in beeswax and within 10 days in honey. When amitraz-spiked combs are recycled into new beeswax, DMF was found to be the principal degradation product left in pure wax.
Korta
E
E
Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
Bakkali
A
A
Berrueta
L A
LA
Gallo
B
B
Vicente
F
F
Kilchenmann
V
V
Bogdanov
S
S
D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006207:Half-Life; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007700:Kinetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014052:Toluidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014885:Waxes / Q000737:chemistry*
D007306:Insecticides; D014052:Toluidines; D014885:Waxes; C038228:beeswax; C014983:amitraz