title: Natural killer T cells restricted by the monomorphic MHC class 1b CD1d1 molecules behave like inflammatory cells.
abstract: Murine Valpha14(inv)T cells (NKT cells), restricted by the CD1d1 MHC 1b molecules, are a distinctive subset of T cells endowed with pleiotropic functions. CD1d1-restricted NKT cells infiltrate the granulomas induced by the s.c. injection of mycobacterial phosphatidylinositoldimannoside (PIM(2)) but not of its deacylated derivative. NKT cells are detectable as early as 6 hours following the injection. Although the molecular structure of PIM(2) meets the requirements for presentation by CD1d1, Ab blocking and adoptive transfer experiments of wild-type NKT cells into CD1d1(-/-) mice show that CD1d1 expression is not required for the early recruitment of NKT cells to the injection site. This conclusion was confirmed by the finding that IL-12Rbeta(-/-) and CD40(-/-) mice were able to recruit NKT cells after PIM(2) challenge. Moreover, the injection of alpha-galactosylceramide, an NKT cell ligand that is recognized in the context of CD1d1, promoted only a minor recruitment of NKT cells. By contrast, injection of beta-galactosylceramide, a synthetic glycolipid that binds to CD1d1 but does not activate the CD1d/TCR pathway, resulted in the development of large granulomas rich in NKT cells. Finally, local injection of TNF-alpha mimics the effect of glycolipids. It is concluded that NKT cells migrate to and accumulate at inflammatory sites in the same way as other cells of the innate immune system and that migration to and accumulation at inflammatory sites are processes independent of the CD1d1 molecule.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 277, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mempel
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronet
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilleron
authors.forename: Germain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Puzo
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Kaer
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehuen
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kourilsky
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gachelin
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019673:Genes, T-Cell Receptor alpha; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000502:physiology*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C054977:phosphatidylinositol dimannoside