title: A novel in vitro release method for submicron sized dispersed systems.
abstract: Sink conditions are often violated when using conventional release methods for dispersed systems. A novel reverse dialysis bag method was designed to overcome this problem. Model drug transport rates from submicron emulsions obtained using the conventional diffusion cell method and this novel method were compared. In the side-by-side diffusion cell method, emulsions were placed in the donor chamber and surfactant/buffer solutions in the receiver chamber. In the novel dialysis bag method, emulsions were diluted infinitely in the donor phase and surfactant/buffer solutions were placed in the receiver phase (dialysis bags). Slow release rates and linear release profiles were obtained using the side-by-side diffusion cell method apparently due to limited model drug solubility in the donor chamber resulting in violation of sink conditions. Biphasic release profiles were obtained using the dialysis bag method apparently due to an initial rapid release of free and micellar solubilized model drug from the donor to the receiver chambers followed by slow release from the oil droplets. Using both release methods, an initial increase and latter decrease in release rates were observed with increase in surfactant concentration. The initial increase was considered to be due to a decrease in the model drug oil-in-water partition coefficients and the subsequent decrease in release rates was due to micellar shape change (spheres to rods) causing a decrease in diffusion rates. Sink conditions were violated using the side-by-side diffusion cell method but were maintained in the dialysis bag method since emulsions were diluted infinitely in the donor phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chidambaram
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Burgess
mesh_terms: D001566:Benzocaine / Q000737:chemistry; D003956:Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D004058:Diffusion; D004655:Emulsions; D007700:Kinetics; D008823:Micelles; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water; D010128:p-Aminoazobenzene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D008823:Micelles; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014867:Water; D010128:p-Aminoazobenzene; D001566:Benzocaine