Alternate signalling pathways from the interleukin-2 receptor.
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays a major role in the proliferation of cell populations during an immune reaction. The beta(c) and gamma(c) subunits of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) are sufficient and necessary for signal transduction. Despite lacking known catalytic domains, receptor engagement leads to the activation of a diverse array protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). In resting or anergised T cells, Jak3 is not activated. Signals arising from the PROX domain of the gamma(c) subunit activate p56(lck) (lck) leading to the induction of anti-apoptotic mechanisms. When Jak3 is activated, in primed T cells, other PTKs predominantly mediate the induction of anti-apoptotic mechanisms and drive cellular proliferation. This review intends to suggest a role for these differences within the context of the immune system.
Ellery
Jonathan M
JM
Department of Biosciences, University of Kent at Canterbury, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK. jonathan.ellery@cenes.co.uk
Nicholls
Peter J
PJ
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D019281:Dimerization; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D007376:Interleukin-2; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507933:JAK3 protein, human; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases