title: Contact dermatitis to topical drugs for glaucoma.
abstract: A review of the literature has identified 10 agents causing contact dermatitis among topically administered drugs for glaucoma. These agents include beta-blockers (timolol, befunolol, betaxolol, levobunolol, carteolol, metipranolol), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (dorzolamide), a parasympathomimetic (pilocarpine), and sympathomimetics (dipivefrin, apraclonidine). Patch testing has been documented in certain individuals as well as cross sensitization and reactivity. Systemic reactions to these topically applied medications have been briefly noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Lakeside Hospital, Metairie, LA 7001, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Holdiness
mesh_terms: D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000009:adverse effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000009:adverse effects; D013999:Timolol / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013876:Thiophenes; D010862:Pilocarpine; D013999:Timolol; C015173:dipivefrin; C062765:dorzolamide; D004837:Epinephrine