title: TGF-beta1 enhances SDF-1alpha-induced chemotaxis and homing of naive T cells by up-regulating CXCR4 expression and downstream cytoskeletal effector molecules.
abstract: The migration of immunocytes within the extracellular matrix (ECM) is influenced by the activation state of the incoming cell and its responses to the presence of chemokines and cytokines. We studied the regulatory role of TGF-beta1 on T cell homing to secondary lymphatic organs, such as the spleen, and chemotaxis within an ECM-like environment in using an ECM-like 3-dimensional gel system designed to follow the migration of individual leukocytes along chemokine gradients in real time. The numbers of migrating naive, but not memory T cells toward SDF-1alpha markedly increased after pre-incubating the cells with TGF-beta1 (0.25 ng/ml) for 24 h. The mechanisms underlying TGFbeta1-modulated migration involve the up-regulation of the expression of the SDF-1alpha receptor CXCR4, the enhancement of the SDF-1alpha-induced actin polymerization, and increased phosphorylation of Pyk2, a focal adhesion kinase involved in integrin-mediated lymphocyte migration, adhesion and interactions with ECM. Interestingly, priming of naive human T cells with TGF-beta1 increased homing of these cells to the spleen of NOD/SCID mice in a CXCR4-dependent manner. We propose that the effect of TGF-beta1 on the chemotaxis of naive T cells may be important in the locomotion of naive T cells toward SDF-1alpha-rich niches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franitza
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kollet
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brill
authors.forename: Gayle G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Vaday
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: Tsvee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lapidot
authors.forename: Ronen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alon
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lider
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013154:Spleen; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015415:Biomarkers; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; C496053:Ptk2b protein, mouse; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens