title: Comparative genomic sequence analysis of the FXR gene family: FMR1, FXR1, and FXR2.
abstract: Mutations in the X-linked gene FMR1 cause fragile X syndrome, the leading cause of inherited mental retardation. Two autosomal paralogs of FMR1 have been identified, and are known as FXR1 and FXR2. Here we describe and compare the genomic structures of the mouse and human genes FMR1, FXR1, and FXR2. All three genes are very well conserved from mouse to human, with identical exon sizes for all but two FXR2 exons. In addition, the three genes share a conserved gene structure, suggesting they are derived from a common ancestral gene. As a first step towards exploring this hypothesis, we reexamined the Drosophila melanogaster gene Fmr1, and found it to have several of the same intron/exon junctions as the mammalian FXRs. Finally, we noted several regions of mouse/human homology in the noncoding portions of FMR1 and FXR1. Knowledge of the genomic structure and sequence of the FXR family of genes will facilitate further studies into the function of these proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McIlwain
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D004247:DNA; D005091:Exons; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D004247:DNA; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C497683:FMR1 protein, human; C096916:FXR1 protein, human; C096915:FXR2 protein, human; C497684:Fmr1 protein, mouse