title: Sp family members stimulate transcription of the hex gene via interactions with GC boxes.
abstract: The 5'-flanking region of the mouse Hex gene was examined in order to identify transcription factors regulating its expression in hepatocytes and haematopoietic cells. We have identified two further GC boxes (GC boxes 3 and 4 at nucleotide positions -149 to -140 and -79 to -70, respectively), i.e. in addition to the two previously determined ones (GC boxes 1 and 2 at nucleotide positions -197 to -188 and -176 to -167, respectively). Luciferase reporter assays revealed that all four GC boxes are transcriptionally active in both MH(1)C(1) rat hepatoma and K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with specific competitors and antibodies showed that members of the Sp family, namely Sp1 and Sp3, bind to these GC boxes. Overexpression of Sp1 and Sp3 in Drosophila SL2 cells stimulated transcription of the Hex gene through interactions with GC boxes 1 to 4, Sp1 being a more potent activator than Sp3. Thus, we conclude that Sp1 and Sp3 stimulate transcription of the Hex gene in both MH(1)C(1) and K562 cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hinata
authors.forename: V W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Keng
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Myint
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D020862:GC Rich Sequence / Q000502:physiology*; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C078492:HHEX protein, human; C513080:Hhex protein, mouse; C513079:Hhex protein, rat; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C497121:SP3 protein, human; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C497123:Sp3 protein, rat; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor