title: In vitro trial of the pilot prototype of the prostate mechanical imaging system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the sensitivity and accuracy of the mechanical imaging system (MI system) to that of the simulated digital rectal examination (DRE) in detecting nodules within fabricated rubber prostate phantoms. Mechanical imaging is a new technology for visualizing and characterizing tissues using mechanical strain and stress data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve rubber phantoms were designed to simulate human prostates. Ten phantoms contained hard nodules in various locations. Two phantoms contained no nodules. Each model was examined with the MI system by a urologist (R.E.W.) and research student. Three-dimensional images of the examined prostate phantoms with and without nodules were generated by the MI system software. Blind DRE was performed on each phantom independently by the urologist and student. The results of the MI examinations and DREs were compared for sensitivity in detecting the presence and location of nodules within the prostate phantoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three-dimensional MI images reconstructed from both the student and the urologist examination data demonstrated 100% of the nodules in the appropriate locations. The DREs by the urologist detected 83% of the nodules in the appropriate locations. The DREs by the student detected 67% of the nodules in the appropriate locations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prostate MI system allowed the detection of nodules in the prostate phantoms with sensitivity exceeding that of an experienced urologist. In contrast to the DRE, the results of the MI examination appear to be independent of the operator's experience. Therefore, the MI system is a promising means of accurate, sensitive, objective, and recordable detection of hard nodules within the prostate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hartanto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perrotti
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Bykanov
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Egorov
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sobolevsky
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010173:Palpation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014572:Urology / Q000193:education; D014584:User-Computer Interface