title: Lack of mutagenic and co-mutagenic effects of magnetic fields during magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Mutagenic and co-mutagenic effects of static, pulsed bipolar gradient, and high-frequency magnetic fields, as well as combinations of them, were examined using the Ames test. The Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium bacteria, wild-type strain RTA, preincubation assay, without metabolic activation, was performed. All combinations of magnetic fields were tested with and without co-exposure to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide, ethylene oxide, carboplatin, or cisplatin. As expected, chemical mutagens caused a clear-cut increase of the revertants in the Ames test. However, neither the static fields nor a combination of a static magnetic field with the time-varying bipolar gradient field or a pulsed high-frequency magnetic field caused an alteration in the number of revertants in the Ames test. No co-mutagenic effect of any magnetic field combination was observed. In conclusion, magnetic fields used during clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were neither mutagenic nor co-mutagenic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany. wolfgang.schreiber@radiologie.klinik.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Teichmann
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schiffer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hast
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Georgi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hehn
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Spiebeta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thelen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oesch
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hengstler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects*