title: National plastic surgery survey: brow lifting techniques and complications.
abstract: The purpose of this survey was to assess trends in brow lifting philosophy, techniques, and complications. This is the second of a three-part survey; the first part reported on complications with face lift techniques, and the final report will address practice management issues, including facility and ancillary procedures. Surveys were sent to 3800 members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons; the response rate was 15 percent. This survey represents data on 6951 brow lifts, of which approximately 50 percent were performed endoscopically and 50 percent with a coronal incision. Several conclusions about the practice of the respondents were reached: (1) Both brow lift techniques were considered to be effective. (2) Surgeons considered coronal brow lifting to be more effective for the three basic goals of brow lifting: brow elevation, reduction of transverse lines, and reduction of glabellar lines. (3) Reported complication rates for both techniques were low, and the most frequent complication was alopecia (varying from 2.9 percent to 4 percent). (4) Patient satisfaction varied from 98.2 percent to 99.2 percent. (5) Major complications were rarely reported.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Center, Shrewsbury, NJ 07702, USA. AElkwood@aol.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elkwood
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matarasso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elkowitz
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Godek
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States