Novel peptide-based biomaterial scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Biomaterial scaffolds are components of cell-laden artificial tissues and transplantable biosensors. Some of the most promising new synthetic biomaterial scaffolds are composed of self-assembling peptides that can be modified to contain biologically active motifs. Peptide-based biomaterials can be fabricated to form two- and three-dimensional structures. Recent studies show that biomaterial promotion of multi-dimensional cell-cell interactions and cell density are crucial for proper cellular differentiation and for subsequent tissue formation. Other refinements in tissue engineering include the use of stem cells, cell pre-selection and growth factor pre-treatment of cells that are used for seeding scaffolds. These cell-culture technologies, combined with improved processes for defining the dimensions of peptide-based scaffolds, might lead to further improvements in tissue engineering. Novel peptide-based biomaterial scaffolds seeded with cells show promise for tissue repair and for other medical applications.
Holmes
Todd C
TC
Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. todd.holmes@nyu.edu
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001698:Biomedical Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000601:surgery; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004285:Dogs; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010453:Peptide Synthases / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D010455:Peptides; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D016378:Tissue Transplantation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010455:Peptides; D010453:Peptide Synthases