title: Linkage analysis of HLA and candidate genes for celiac disease in a North American family-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Celiac disease has a strong genetic association with HLA. However, this association only explains approximately half of the sibling risk for celiac disease. Therefore, other genes must be involved in susceptibility to celiac disease. We tested for linkage to genes or loci that could play a role in pathogenesis of celiac disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA samples, from members of 62 families with a minimum of two cases of celiac disease, were genotyped at HLA and at 13 candidate gene regions, including CD4, CTLA4, four T-cell receptor regions, and 7 insulin-dependent diabetes regions. Two-point and multipoint heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) scores were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest two-point and multipoint HLOD scores were obtained in the HLA region, with a two-point HLOD of 3.1 and a multipoint HLOD of 5.0. For the candidate genes, we found no evidence for linkage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our significant evidence of linkage to HLA replicates the known linkage and association of HLA with CD. In our families, likely candidate genes did not explain the susceptibility to celiac disease.
authors.affiliation: Medical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. susan@genepi.med.utah.edu
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Neuhausen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feolo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farnham
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Book
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zone