title: Economic evaluation of ventilation tubes in otitis media with effusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the costs and effectiveness of treatment with ventilation tubes as compared with watchful waiting in children with persistent otitis media with effusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 187 young children (19 months old) with persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment with ventilation tubes or watchful waiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The time without effusion, language development, and the costs from a societal perspective during 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean duration of effusion was 9.2 months in the watchful waiting group and 4.7 months in the ventilation tube group. The language development was comparable in both groups (0.7 month of improvement difference [95% confidence interval, -0.3 to 1.7 months] after correction for confounding variables). Because no statistically significant differences were found in the language development between the treatment groups, we performed a cost minimization analysis. The mean costs per child during 1 year of follow-up were 454 US dollars in the ventilation tube group and 120 US dollars in the watchful waiting group. On average, an additional investment of 334 US dollars per patient was needed for ventilation tube treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the absence of differences in language development and in view of higher costs, treatment with ventilation tubes is not recommended as standard treatment in all young children with persistent otitis media with effusion traced by a population-based screening program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technology Assessment (253 MTA), University Medical Centre St Radboud, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands. M.Hartman@mie.kun.nl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rovers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ingels
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zielhuis
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Severens
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: van der Wilt
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000191:economics*; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D011788:Quality of Life