title: Tamoxifen agonism and estrogen antagonism of c-fos gene promoter activity through non-consensus-responsive elements in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.
abstract: We find that the activity of a 0.4-kb human c-fos gene promoter (-404/+41), which lacks consensus estrogen-responsive elements (EREs), is regulated by estrogen receptor (ER) ligands in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells through ERs in a manner distinct from ERE-mediated regulation. When ERalpha is coexpressed, both estrogens and antiestrogens upregulate promoter activity. When ERbeta is coexpressed, however, three tested antiestrogens affect c-fos promoter activity, with tamoxifen exerting the greatest effect, while estrogens have no such effect. The tamoxifen agonism through ERbeta is antagonized by 17beta-estradiol, while the 17beta-estradiol agonism through ERalpha is canceled by excess-level coexpression of ERbeta. Deletion analysis revealed that the sequence -206/-110 plays a crucial role in the ERbeta-mediated tamoxifen agonism. Interestingly, there is no ERbeta-mediated tamoxifen agonism when nonosteoblastic cells are tested. Taken together, these results suggest that the transcription of the c-fos gene is regulated by ER ligands possibly through non-ERE elements in ligand structure-, cell type-, and ER subtype-dependent manners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D016762:Genes, fos; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000819:agonists* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen; D004958:Estradiol