title: Skeletal muscle low attenuation area and maximal fat oxidation rate during submaximal exercise in male obese individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Muscle triacylglycerols (TG) are known to be a source of energy during submaximal exercise.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess whether an index of muscle fat content is related to maximal fat oxidation rate (FATOXmax) in 58 obese men (mean age 46.0+/-0.8 (s.e.) y, body weight 96.4+/-1.4 kg, percentage fat: 31.9+/-0.5%) [corrected].
  
  
  METHODS
  FATOXmax was defined as the highest value of fat oxidation rate, measured by indirect calorimetry, while walking on a treadmill (4.3 km/h) at three different slopes: 0% (40+/-1% of VO2max), 3% (47+/-1% of VO2max) and 6% (58+/-1% of VO2max). Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were measured with the underwater technique and scans were obtained by computed tomography (CT) at the mid thigh level to assess areas of adipose tissue within skeletal muscle, ie deep adipose tissue (DAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), skeletal muscle (M) and low attenuation skeletal muscle (LAM, range of attenuation values: 0-34 Hounsfield units). LAM and DAT were used as indices of skeletal muscle fat content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FATOXmax, adjusted for age, was correlated with FFM (r=0.26, P<0.05), LAM (r=0.29, P<0.05), abdominal visceral adipose tissue (r=0.30, P<0.05) and plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels (r=0.33, P<0.05) but not with SAT (r=0.03) and DAT (r=0.21) [corrected]. In a stepwise linear multiple regression, plasma FFA, age and LAM significantly predicted FATOXmax (r2=0.27). Each independent variable explained about 9% of the FATOXmax variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAM makes a significant but weak contribution to the modulation of fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in obese men.
authors.affiliation: CRML, CHUL, Research Center and Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dériaz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brochu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prud'homme
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed