General aspects of anti-angiogenesis and cancer therapy.
Angiogenesis is the outgrowth of new vessels from pre-existing ones. Tumour growth and metastasis is dependent on angiogenesis and many stimulatory and inhibitory factors have been described which play an active role in this process. Inhibition of tumour neovasculature may be one strategy to inhibit tumour growth. Naturally occurring inhibitors of angiogenesis have been discovered and synthetic agents have been designed. Many of these inhibitors are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. This review discusses the mechanism of action of these anti-angiogenics as well as a description of the clinical trials in which they are being evaluated.
Zogakis
T G
TG
Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10/2B1710 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Libutti
S K
SK
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D043169:Endostatins; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000077609:O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016337:RNA, Catalytic / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000276:immunology; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013498:Suramin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000906:Antibodies; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D043169:Endostatins; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008222:Lymphokines; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016337:RNA, Catalytic; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014230:Triazoles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D018664:Interleukin-12; D013792:Thalidomide; D013498:Suramin; C062058:carboxyamido-triazole; C026211:fumagillin; D003094:Collagen; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D000077609:O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol