title: Leukotoxins of gram-negative bacteria.
abstract: Leukotoxins are a group of exotoxins that produce their primary toxic effects against leukocytes, especially polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Leukotoxins include a variety of chemicals ranging from 9,10-epoxy 12-octadecenoate, a fatty acid derivative secreted by leukocytes themselves, to proteins such as RTX (repeats in toxin). This review focuses on leukotoxins of three species of gram-negative bacteria, Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium necrophorum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjeev Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chengappa
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005675:Fusobacterium necrophorum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016978:Mannheimia haemolytica / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; C018579:leukotoxin