title: Antimicrobial resistance: harmonisation of national antimicrobial resistance monitoring and surveillance programmes in animals and in animal-derived food.
abstract: A guideline on the harmonisation of national antimicrobial resistance monitoring and surveillance programmes in animals and animal-derived foods has been developed by the Ad hoc Group of experts on antimicrobial resistance of the Office International des Epizooties. The objective of the guideline is to allow the generation of comparable data from various national surveillance and monitoring systems in order to compare the situations in different regions or countries and to consolidate results at the national, regional and international level. Definitions of surveillance and monitoring are provided. National systems should be able to detect the emergence of resistance, and to determine the prevalence of resistant bacteria. The resulting data should be used in the assessment of risks to public health and should contribute to the establishment of a risk management policy. Specific factors identified for harmonisation include the animal species, food commodities, sampling plans, bacterial species, antimicrobials to be tested, laboratory methods, data reporting, database structure and the structure of reports.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Department of Antibiotics, SE 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nicholls
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Threlfall
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Vuuren
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wegener
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Costarrica
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D003628:Database Management Systems / Q000592:standards; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011786:Quality Control; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000382:microbiology