title: Effect of halothane and isoflurane on binding of ADP- and TRAP-6- activated platelets to leukocytes in Whole blood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adhesion of activated platelets to neutrophils and monocytes has an important role in the regulation of inflammatory processes. This study investigates whether halothane and isoflurane affect binding of activated platelets to leukocytes in human whole blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Citrated whole blood was incubated for 60 min with either 1 or 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) halothane or isoflurane. After stimulation with adenosine-5-diphosphate (ADP) or the thrombin receptor agonist protein TRAP-6, platelet-leukocyte adhesion and surface expression of CD62P on platelets were evaluated by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Halothane led to an inhibition of agonist-induced adhesion of activated platelets to neutrophils and monocytes. One MAC halothane reduced the formation of TRAP-6-induced platelet-monocyte conjugates. After exposure to 2 MAC halothane, agonist-induced platelet-monocyte and platelet-neutrophil adhesion were inhibited. Surface expression of CD62P on ADP- and TRAP-6-stimulated platelets were significantly reduced after 1 and 2 MAC halothane. After 2 MAC isoflurane, the authors observed an increase of the percentage of lymphocytes with bound platelets after activation with ADP. The percentage of neutrophils with bound platelets after activation with ADP or TRAP-6 was also increased in this group. Two MAC isoflurane led to an increase of the percentage of platelets expressing CD62P in the unstimulated and TRAP-6 stimulated samples, and of the amount of CD62P epitopes on the surface of platelets in the ADP-stimulated samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that halothane inhibits, whereas isoflurane enhances, adhesion of agonist-activated platelets to leukocytes. Interaction of both anesthetics with the expression of CD62P on platelets contribute to theses effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfäilische Techische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany. L.derossi@gmx.de
authors.forename: Lothar W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: de Rossi
authors.forename: Nicola A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Klaus E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hecker
authors.forename: Tilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Robitzsch
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hutschenreuter
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000032:analysis; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D019007:P-Selectin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C082835:thrombin receptor peptide (42-47); D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane