title: Reconstitution of spontaneous neutralizing antibody response against autologous human immunodeficiency virus during highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Longitudinal changes in neutralizing antibody responses against autologous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 were investigated in 19 chronically infected patients who were undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Reconstitution of or increase in neutralization activity was observed in 4 of 19 patients during HAART, but neutralization activity was more or less unchanged in most patients. Three of 4 patients with increased neutralization activity had low-level viral rebound ("blips") during HAART. No correlation was found between neutralization activity and HIV-specific CD4+ T cell frequencies. There was a correlation between neutralization activity and CD4+ T cell counts. The reconstituted antibody represented limited cross-reactivity, compared with that of preexisting antibody. Binding activity to monomeric gp120, V2, and V3 peptides was reduced. Both prolonged virus suppression, for CD4+ T cell recovery, and blips, for stimulation of the immune system in vivo, may be required for development of neutralizing antibody in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Retrovirology and Infectious Diseases,Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishihara
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koito
authors.forename: Shuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G