title: Evidence for a NOD2-independent susceptibility locus for inflammatory bowel disease on chromosome 16p.
abstract: Heritable predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been demonstrated by epidemiological and genetic analysis. Linkage of IBD to broad regions of chromosome 16 has been established by analysis of multiple populations. NOD2, located on proximal 16q, was recently identified as an IBD gene. As the linkage regions on chromosome 16 are large, we have investigated the possibility that NOD2 is not the only IBD gene located on this chromosome. A high-density experiment using 39 microsatellite markers was performed to identify additional regions of association, and to indicate areas of interest for further investigation. A triple-peaked configuration of the linkage curve with peak logarithm of odds (lod) scores of 2.7, 3.2, and 3.1 was observed on proximal 16p, proximal 16q, and central 16q, respectively. The cohort was stratified by coding individuals carrying the NOD2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)8 and SNP13 "unknown." Significance at the central peak, corresponding to the genomic location of NOD2, then decreased from 3.2 to 1.2. The maximal lod scores on the proximal p-arm (lod = 2.1) and central q-arm (lod = 2.6) changed only moderately. An exploratory association analysis (TRANSMIT) yielded a strong lead at D16S3068 (P = 0.00028). The region around this marker was further investigated by using anonymous SNPs. An associated haplotype containing three SNPs was identified (peak significance P = 0.00027, IBD phenotype). On stratification based on NOD2 genotype, this significance increased to P = 0.0001. These results confirm the importance of NOD2 and provide evidence for a second IBD gene located on chromosome 16p.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hampe
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frenzel
authors.forename: Muddassar M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: Peter J P
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Croucher
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuthbert
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mascheretti
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huse
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Platzer
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bridger
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nürnberg
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stokkers
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krawczak
authors.forename: Christopher G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schreiber
mesh_terms: D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein