title: Residual viral replication during antiretroviral therapy boosts human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in subjects treated early after infection.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects treated early after infection have preserved HIV-1-specific CD4+ T-cell function. We studied the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the frequency of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in patients treated during early (n = 31) or chronic (n = 23) infection. The degree of viral suppression and time of initiation of treatment influenced the magnitude of the CD8+ T-cell response. HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells can increase in number after HAART in subjects treated early after infection who have episodes of transient viremia.
authors.affiliation: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10016, USA. gortiz@gladstone.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Gabriel M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Joshua A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Goldwitz
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chandwani
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonhoeffer
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramratnam
authors.forename: Linqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: Douglas F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Nixon
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents