title: Prodrug based optimal drug delivery via membrane transporter/receptor.
abstract: The carrier-mediated absorption of drugs and prodrugs across epithelial and endothelial barriers is emerging as a novel trend in biotherapeutics. This review examines the important advances in this field in the past decade. The feasibility of drug absorption of the parent drug or the appropriately modified prodrug via these transporters is discussed in detail. Several successful examples of synthesis of prodrugs recognised by the targeted transporters are described. The applicability of this approach in translocating drugs across the almost impenetrable blood-brain barrier (BBB) has also been examined.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 5005 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Tirucherai
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mitra
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D004705:Endocytosis; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006913:Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D045002:3-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (B-Specific)
chemical_list: D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006913:Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; D009005:Monosaccharides; D011355:Prodrugs; C037643:bile acid binding proteins; C435496:AKR1C2 protein, human; D045002:3-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (B-Specific)