title: A new surgical concept for rectal replacement after low anterior resection: the transverse coloplasty pouch.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the feasibility, safety, complication and death rates, and early functional results of the transverse coloplasty pouch procedure after low anterior rectal resection and total mesorectal excision.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The authors previously developed a novel neorectal reservoir, the transverse coloplasty pouch, in an animal model; they report the first clinical data of a prospective phase 1 study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients underwent low anterior rectal resection with total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer (n = 37) or benign pathology (n = 4). The continuity was restored with a transverse coloplasty pouch anastomosis, and the colon was defunctionalized for 3 months. Patients were followed up at 2-month intervals for functional outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraoperative complications occurred in three patients (7%), none related to the transverse coloplasty pouch. There were no hospital deaths and the total complication rate was 27% (11/41); an anastomotic leakage rate of 7% was recorded. The stool frequency was 3.4 per 24 hours at 2 months follow-up and gradually decreased to 2.1 per 24 hours at 8 months. Stool dysfunctions such as stool urgency, fragmentation, and incontinence grade 1 and 2 were regularly observed until 6 months; the incidence significantly decreased thereafter. None of the patients had difficulties in pouch evacuation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transverse coloplasty pouch is a small-volume reservoir that can safely be used for reconstruction after sphincter-preserving rectal resection. The early functional outcome is favorable and can be compared to other colonic reservoirs. The concept of reducing early dysfunction seen after straight coloanal anastomosis and avoiding long-term problems of pouch evacuation is supported by this study. Future trials will compare the transverse coloplasty pouch with other techniques of restorative resections of the rectum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Z'graggen
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Birrer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giachino
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*; D013528:Surgical Staplers