title: Hepatic uptake of solutes from the preservation solution during hypothermic storage: a (1)H NMR study in rat liver.
abstract: The hepatic uptake of histidine and carnosine (histidyl-alanine), used as buffer agents in four preservation solutions, was studied during 24-h hypothermic storage of rat livers by use of (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Results demonstrated that there was a progressive, concentration-linked passive diffusion of histidine into liver tissues throughout the storage period. A similar inward diffusion of carnosine was also noted. Of the carbohydrate osmotic buffers in the preservation solutions, mannitol permeated the liver tissues to a greater degree and more rapidly than raffinose after the flushing with equivalent concentrations and storage at hypothermia. In general, many solutes from preservation solutions will increasingly penetrate the hepatic inter- and intracellular spaces during extended hypothermic preservation and (1)H NMR spectroscopy is one technique that can assist in the identification of these changes.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, Royal Free & University College Medical School, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fuller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002021:Buffers; D002336:Carnosine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006639:Histidine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009926:Organ Preservation; D011887:Raffinose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D012996:Solutions; D008353:Mannitol; D006639:Histidine; D002336:Carnosine; D011887:Raffinose