title: Renal-coloboma syndrome: report of a novel PAX2 gene mutation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a novel sporadic PAX2 gene mutation in a child with atypical bilateral optic nerve coloboma and congenital renal hypoplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case report and experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mutational analysis of the PAX2 gene in a family.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 9-year-old patient with a history of renal transplantation for congenital renal hypoplasia was found to have bilateral optic nerve coloboma during ophthalmic examination for cytomegalovirus retinitis. A previously unreported mutation in exon 2, delT 602 leading to a prematurely truncated protein was identified in the child but in neither of her parents, demonstrating a de novo mutation or germline mosaicism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The causal relationship between PAX2 gene mutations and renal-coloboma syndrome is further supported by this novel mutation. Awareness of the systemic associations with optic nerve abnormalities and the ocular findings in syndromic renal diseases will facilitate the management of these highly variable disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-0957, USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Schimmenti
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Manligas
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ritter
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D003103:Coloboma; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D009154:Mutation; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities*; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D013577:Syndrome; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; C497318:PAX2 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors