title: Peak inspiratory flow rate and slope of the inhalation profiles in dry powder inhalers.
abstract: Aerosol delivery depends on device design and inhalation technique. In vitro device evaluations have shown that the emitted dose and fine particle mass of dry powder inhalers (DPIs) increase at high peak inspiratory flow rates (PIFR). Since the PIFR is mostly achieved after the release of the powder, slope of the pressure profile is also described as an important determinant. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the PIFR while using Diskus it and Turbuhaler it inhalers could be used to predict the slope of the inhalation pressure profile. In a group of 10 stable asthma patients and three groups (mild, moderate and severe) of 16 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, lung function was measured, and for each device, 18 inhalation profiles were recorded with the inhalation profile recorder during six sessions over 10 weeks. The values for the pressure slope and PIFR of both Diskus and Turbuhaler, were significantly correlated. The r-values were 0.865 and 0.882, respectively (p<0.01). Percentage explained variance was 74.8% for Diskus and 77.8% for Turbuhaler. Significant correlations were found between peak inspiratory flow rates and slopes. It has been shown for two different dry powder inhalers that peak inspiratory flow rate and slope correlate well in a wide range of patient groups.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Pulmonary Diseases Dekkerswald, University Nijmegen, Groesbeek, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Broeders
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molema
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Vermue
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Folgering
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics