title: Histologic evaluation of fetal brains following maternal pneumoperitoneum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine if maternal pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide (CO2) produces evidence of central nervous system (CNS) injury in preterm fetal guinea pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty pregnant guinea pigs at gestational day (GD) 45 were assigned at random to one of three treatment groups: anesthesia only, CO2 pneumoperitoneum (5 mmHg), or laparotomy. Dams were killed 3 or 5 days postprocedure and fetal brains (83 total) harvested and fixed for subsequent histopathologic evaluation. For comparative purposes, histologic features of fetal guinea pig brain injury were defined from examination of fetal brains harvested from an additional dam that underwent laparotomy with 20 min of uterine arterial occlusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum did not increase maternal/fetal morbidity. No evidence of brain injury was found in fetuses from any of the treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum at 5 mmHg for 40 min in the pregnant guinea pig does not produce evidence of fetal brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Endosurgery Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Oria
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clary
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gandsas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eubanks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006439:Hemodynamics; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007813:Laparotomy; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide