title: Antifungal highly oxygenated guaianolides and other constituents from Ajania fruticulosa.
abstract: Three highly oxygenated guaianolides were isolated from the aerial parts of Ajania fruticulosa along with 17 known phytochemicals including a triterpene (alpha-amyrin), two plant sterols (beta-sitosterol, daucosterol), four flavonoids (axillarin, centaureidin, santin and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxyflavone), and ten sesquiterpenes [1alpha-hydroperoxy-4beta,8alpha,10alpha,13-tetrahydroxyguaia-2-en-12,6alpha-olide, 1alpha-hydroperoxy-4alpha,10alpha-dihydroxyguaia-9alpha-angeloyloxyguaia-2,11(13)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 3beta,4alpha-dihydroxyguaia-11(13),10(14)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 1alpha,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxy-9alpha-angeloyloxyguaia-2,11(13)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxy-guaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide and 2-oxo-8alpha-hydroxyguaia-1(10),3,11(13)-trien-12,6alpha-olide, ketoplenolide B, alantolactone, 9beta-hydroxyeudesma-4,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid and 9beta-acetoxyeudesma-4,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid]. The structures of the three guaianolides were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods (EIMS, HREIMS, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) as 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,8beta,10alpha-tetrahydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (1), 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,9alpha,10alpha-tetrahydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (2) and 1beta,2beta-epoxy-10alpha-hydroperoxy-3beta,4alpha,8beta-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (3), respectively. Antifungal bioassay of all isolates showed that guaianolides 1, 2, 3, and 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide were inhibitory to the growth of Candida albicans with MICs being 20, 20, 20, and 40 microg/ml, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Functional Biomolecule, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R X
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D010100:Oxygen