Stereoselective degradation of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M in soil and sunflower plants.
A high proportion of agrochemicals are chiral compounds. Since stereoisomers often show different biological and physiological properties, the biological and metabolic responses to these compounds and their fate in the environment are expected to be different. In this work we investigate a possible stereo and/or enantioselective degradation in soil and plants (sunflower) of the fungicide Metalaxyl (rac-Metalaxyl) and the new compound Metalaxyl-M ((-)-(R)-Metalaxyl) and propose procedures for extraction, cleanup, chromatographic separation of enantiomers, and determination of the R : S ratio by using an HPLC chiral column. The degradation of the two stereoisomers of Metalaxyl proved to be enantioselective and dependent on the media: the (+)-(S)-enantiomer showed a faster degradation in plants, while the (-)-(R)-enantiomer showed a faster degradation in soil. In this study there was no evidence that racemization of Metalaxyl-M took place either in soil or in sunflowers.
Marucchini
Cesare
C
Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-ambientali e della Produzione Vegetale (DiSAProV), Università di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 72, 06121 Perugia, Italy. cmaru@unipg.it
Zadra
C
C
D000409:Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006368:Helianthus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C028175:metalaxyl; D000409:Alanine