title: Expression of estrogen receptor isoforms alpha and beta messenger RNA in vaginal tissue of premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the messenger RNA expression patterns of estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ER beta in human vaginal tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed on tissue samples of 75 patients having anterior colporrhaphy (25 premenopausal, 25 postmenopausal receiving estrogen replacement therapy [ERT], 25 postmenopausal not receiving ERT). Levels of mRNA were normalized and ratios were calculated to assess relative levels of expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All samples showed expression of the ER alpha isoform. Significant differences existed in ER alpha expression among the 3 cohorts (P =.023). Greater differences (P <.001) existed in ER beta expression. For both isoforms, the premenopausal group had the highest level, and the postmenopausal group receiving ERT had the lowest level. No significant difference in ER beta expression existed between postmenopausal groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences exist between premenopausal and postmenopausal women in presence and expression of ER alpha and ER beta in vaginal tissue. Expression of ER beta markedly declines in menopause, regardless of ERT use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gebhart
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rickard
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Lesnick
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Podratz
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Spelsberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014621:Vagina / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen