title: Activation of the androgen receptor N-terminal domain by interleukin-6 via MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways.
abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the biological responses of androgens. However, non-androgenic pathways have also been shown to activate the AR. The mechanism of cross-talk between the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and AR signal transduction pathways was investigated in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. IL-6 induced several androgen-response element-driven reporters that are dependent upon the AR, increased the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and activated the AR N-terminal domain (NTD). Inhibitors to MAPK and JAK decreased the IL-6-induced phosphorylation of MAPK and activation of the AR NTD. Immunoprecipitation and transactivation studies showed a direct interaction between amino acids 234-558 of the AR NTD and STAT3 following IL-6 treatment of LNCaP cells. These results demonstrate that activation of the human AR NTD by IL-6 was mediated through MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Endocrinology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bruchovsky
authors.forename: Marianne D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sadar
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000813:Anilides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009570:Nitriles; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000813:Anilides; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009570:Nitriles; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; D015534:Trans-Activators; D005576:Colforsin; C053541:bicalutamide; D008156:Luciferases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; C022616:thiazolyl blue