title: Influenza vaccination of HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative former intravenous drug users.
abstract: The immunogenicity of an anti-influenza vaccine was assessed in 409 former intravenous drug user volunteers and its effect on the levels of HIV-1 RNA, proviral DNA and on CD4+ lymphocyte counts in a subset HIV-1-positive subjects was measured. HIV-1-positive individuals (n = 72) were divided into three groups on the basis of their CD4+ lymphocyte counts, while the 337 HIV-1-negative participants were allocated into group four. Haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) responses varied from 45.8 to 70% in the HIV-1-positive subjects and were significantly higher in group four (80.7% responses to the H1N1 strain, 81.6% to the H3N2 strain, and 83% to the B strain). The percentage of subjects with HI protective antibody titres (> or = 1:40) increased significantly after vaccination, especially in HIV-1 uninfected subjects. Immunization caused no significant changes in CD4+ counts and in neither plasma HIV-1 RNA nor proviral DNA levels. Therefore, vaccination against influenza may benefit persons infected by HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amendola
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boschini
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colzani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anselmi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oltolina
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zucconi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begnini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Besana
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanzi
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zanetti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018023:HIV Seronegativity / Q000276:immunology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D012367:RNA, Viral