title: Clinical-MRI correlations in a European trial of interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The recently completed placebo-controlled multicenter randomized trial of interferon beta-1b (Betaferon) in 718 patients with secondary progressive MS shows significant delay of disease progression and reduction of relapse rate. This study provides an opportunity to assess the level of relationship between clinical and MRI outcomes in this cohort of patients with secondary progressive MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain T2-weighted lesion volume was measured annually in all available patients, with visual analysis to identify any new or enlarging (active) T2 lesions at each annual time point. A subgroup of 125 patients had monthly gadolinium-enhanced, T1-weighted imaging at months 0 to 6 and 18 to 24. Relapses were documented and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) was measured every 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the annual MRI outcomes, a significant but modest correlation was identified between the change in T2 lesion volume from baseline to the final scan and the corresponding change from baseline in EDSS (r = 0.17, p < 0.0001). There were significant correlations between the cumulative number of active T2 lesions and 1) change in EDSS (r = 0.18, p < 0.0001) and 2) relapse rate (r = 0.24, p < 0.0001). In the subgroup of 125 patients undergoing monthly imaging, MRI lesion activity was correlated with relapse rate over months 0 to 24 (r = 0.24, p = 0.006) but not with change in EDSS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm that the clinical-MRI relationships previously identified in relapsing-remitting MS still are apparent in the secondary progressive phase of the disease and support the use of MRI as a relevant outcome measure. In view of the relatively modest nature of the correlations, it seems unwise to rely on such MRI measures alone as primary efficacy variables in secondary progressive MS trials.
authors.affiliation: NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Molyneux
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dahlke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghazi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: MacManus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pozzilli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kappos
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yousry
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta