title: Study of acaricide stability in honey. Characterization of amitraz degradation products in honey and beeswax.
abstract: A study on the possible degradation of amitraz, bromopropylate, coumaphos, chlordimeform, cymiazole, flumethrin, and tau-fluvalinate during the storage of honey was carried out by HPLC. Except amitraz, the other acaricides are stable in this medium for at least 9 months. Degradation studies of amitraz in honey and beeswax were carried out; the degradation products detected in both matrices were 2,4-dimethylphenylformamide (DMF) and N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylformamidine (DPMF). The reaction rate constants and the half-lives of the amitraz degradation in honey and wax were calculated. Amitraz was nearly completely degraded within 1 day in beeswax and within 10 days in honey. When amitraz-spiked combs are recycled into new beeswax, DMF was found to be the principal degradation product left in pure wax.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Korta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakkali
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Berrueta
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kilchenmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bogdanov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006207:Half-Life; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007700:Kinetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014052:Toluidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014885:Waxes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D014052:Toluidines; D014885:Waxes; C038228:beeswax; C014983:amitraz