title: Combined chemotherapy and radiation versus radiation alone in the management of localized angiocentric lymphoma of the head and neck.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the clinical benefit derived from the combined modality therapy (CMT) comprised of chemotherapy and involved-field radiotherapy (XRT) for stage I and II angiocentric lymphomas of the head and neck.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 143 patients with angiocentric lymphoma of the head and neck treated at the Yonsei Cancer Center between 1976 and 1995, 104 patients (XRT group) received involved-field XRT alone with a median dose of 50.4 Gy (range: 20-70 Gy), while 39 patients (CMT group) received a median three cycles (range: 1-6 cycles) of chemotherapy before starting involved-field XRT. The response rate, patterns of failure, complications, and survival data of the XRT group were compared with those of the CMT group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite a higher response rate, local failure was the most common pattern of failure in patients of the both groups. The patterns of failure, including the systemic relapse rate were not influenced by the addition of combination chemotherapy. Although both modalities were well tolerated by the majority of patients, aberrant immunologic disorders or medical illnesses, such as a hemophagocytic syndrome, sepsis, intractable hemorrhage, or the evolution of second primary malignancies were more frequently observed in patients of the CMT group. The prognosis of patients in the XRT group was relatively poor, with a 5-year overall actuarial survival rate of 38% and disease-free survival rate of 32%, respectively. However, their clinical outcome was not altered by the addition of systemic chemotherapy. Achieving complete remission was the most important prognostic factor on univariate and multivariate analyses, but treatment modality was not found to be a prognostic variable influencing survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Involved-field XRT alone for angiocentric lymphoma of the head and neck was insufficient to achieve an improved survival rate, but the combination of chemotherapy and involved-field XRT failed to demonstrate any therapeutic advantage over involved-field XRT alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-Gu, Shinchon-Dong 134, Seoul 120-752, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Pyo
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate