title: Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and modifications in genes coding for dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase in European Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perdikouli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beeck
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fluit
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000494:pharmacology; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole