title: Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of two types of diesel exhaust particles.
abstract: In an earlier study using a recombinant yeast screen we found that a suspension of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and some extracts of DEP are not estrogenic but possess anti-estrogenic activity. In the present study, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of two types of DEP, type-1 (old type) and type-2 (new type) were compared. Whole DEP of both types were found to possess estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities. The DEP were serially extracted with organic solvents and then with 1 M ammonia and 1 M HCl. In type-2 DEP, the ratio of dry weight of a hexane extract was higher than those of methanol and ammonia extracts, which were lower than those in type-1 DEP. In the hexane extract, estrogenic activity was found in both types of DEP. In the benzene and dichloromethane extracts, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities were found in both types of DEP. In the methanol extract, estrogenic activity was found in type-2 DEP, and extracts of both types decreased the activity of estrogen. Anti-estrogenic activity was found in extracts of ammonia and HCl from both types of DEP. It was found that both type-1 and type-2 DEP possess estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, 061-0293, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taneda
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Akiyo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakushima
authors.forename: Koh ichi
authors.initials: Ki
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Akira K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagai
authors.forename: Yoki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012997:Solvents; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012997:Solvents; D001335:Vehicle Emissions