title: Neostigmine combined with bupivacaine, clonidine, and sufentanil for spinal labor analgesia.
abstract: We previously found that spinal clonidine prolongs labor analgesia when combined with spinal bupivacaine and sufentanil. We sought to determine whether the addition of spinal neostigmine to these drugs would further enhance labor analgesia. By use of a combined spinal/epidural technique, 36 patients were randomized to receive a hyperbaric spinal injection of bupivacaine 2.5 mg plus clonidine 50 microg and sufentanil 10 microg with or without neostigmine 10 microg. Pain, maternal hemodynamics, fetal heart rate, nausea, pruritus, sedation, motor block, sensory levels to pinprick, and maternal oxygen saturation were assessed at regularly specified intervals after spinal injection until additional analgesia was requested. The duration of spinal analgesia was similar between groups (215 +/- 60 min in the Control group versus 205 +/- 62 min in the Neostigmine group). Likewise, pain scores, the duration of labor, Apgar scores, and side effects were similar between groups except that patients administered neostigmine experienced significantly more nausea and vomiting (53% vs 7%, P = 0.01). We conclude that spinal neostigmine 10 microg produces severe nausea and does not potentiate the duration of spinal analgesia in laboring women from spinal bupivacaine, clonidine, and sufentanil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal neostigmine 10 microg as an adjunct to spinal bupivacaine, clonidine, and sufentanil produces severe nausea and fails to potentiate analgesia in laboring women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA. rdangelo@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Meister
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009388:Neostigmine; D017409:Sufentanil; D003000:Clonidine; D002045:Bupivacaine