title: Cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel.
abstract: 1. Cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel is a preparation for intratumoural injection containing cisplatin 4 mg/ml, epinephrine (adrenaline) 0.1 mg/ml and bovine collagen as a protein carrier matrix. It has been evaluated for the palliative treatment of accessible inoperable metastatic or recurrent solid tumours. 2. The vasoconstrictor action of epinephrine limits the diffusion of cisplatin into the systemic circulation. Intratumoural injection of cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel achieves high concentrations of cisplatin in the tumour with very low concentrations in plasma and other tissues. 3. In double-blind randomised trials, cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel was more efficacious than placebo in the palliative treatment of recurrent and resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 4. Cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel reduced tumour size and improved local symptoms in patients with metastatic breast cancer, metastatic malignant melanoma, oesophageal carcinoma and hepatic tumours in a number of noncomparative clinical trials. 5. Adverse events with the use of cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel are mainly limited to the local site of injection. No systemic adverse events such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity or ototoxicity have been reported with use of this preparation.
authors.affiliation: Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Plosker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005782:Gels; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D002945:Cisplatin; D004837:Epinephrine