title: Leakage around voice prosthesis in laryngectomees: treatment with local GM-CSF.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of treating leakage around voice prosthesis by local injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients with nonhealing leaking tracheoesophageal (TE) fistula, resistant to common treatment, were treated with local GM-CSF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fistula size was measured and photo documented before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all three patients, the fistula shrank, and the leakage ceased. No side effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local injection with GM-CSF seems to be a simple and effective way of decreasing a leaking TE-fistula in laryngectomized patients. A great advantage was that the procedure could be done with the voice prosthesis in place.
authors.affiliation: Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. gregory.margolin@ks.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Margolin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masucci
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuylenstierna
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Björck
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hertegård
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karling
mesh_terms: D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007831:Larynx, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor