title: Negative inotropic mediators released from the heart after myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion.
abstract: The heart responds to ischaemic stimuli with release of negative inotropic mediators such as cytokines, platelet-activating factor, oxygen free radicals, arachidonic acids, nitric oxide, adenosine, and still unidentified "cardiodepressant factors" that modulate myocardial performance via autocrine and paracrine coupling. This review summarises experimental and clinical data on the role of negative inotropic mediators that are released from cardiac cells (including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and resident mast cells) after myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Pneumologie, Charité, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr. 20-21, D-10098 Berlin, Germany. verena.stangl@charite.de
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stangl
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stangl
authors.forename: Stephan B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Felix
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D016207:Cytokines; D005609:Free Radicals; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000241:Adenosine