title: Spontaneous eyelid expansion after full thickness eyelid resection and direct closure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Direct closure of eyelid defects gives excellent functional results but is usually restricted to defects measuring less than a quarter of the eyelid length for fear of distorting the palpebral aperture and compromising lid function. The authors have used direct closure in larger defects. The aim of this study was to establish the effects of direct closure of full thickness eyelid margin defects under tension on the palpebral aperture dimensions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive series of patients who had undergone one eyelid, full thickness lid resection repaired by direct closure were identified and invited to have both eyes photographed. The palpebral apertures of both eyes were measured from the photographs by a masked observer. The amount of eyelid resected was recorded from the operation notes. The unoperated palpebral aperture was used as the control. The result were analysed using a paired samples t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The photographs of 18 patients were included in the analysis. The mean width of excised full thickness lid tissue was 15 mm (range 7-26 mm). The mean vertical palpebral aperture height was 9.2 (SD 1.4) mm in the operated eye as opposed to 9.3 (SD 1.2) mm in the non-operated eye. The mean horizontal palpebral aperture width was 26.1 (SD 1.9) mm in the operated eye as opposed to 26.4 (SD 1.8) mm in the non-operated eye. There was no statistically significant difference between the operated and unoperated horizontal and vertical palpebral measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct closure of large full thickness eyelid defects is possible in selected patients with excellent functional and cosmetic results. Eyelid tissue expansion occurs spontaneously following direct eyelid defect closure under tension, restoring the palpebral aperture dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Royal Eye Infirmary, Apsley Road, Plymouth PL4 6PL, UK. vladimir.thaller@phnt.swest.nhs.uk
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Thaller
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Then
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luhishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D004954:Esthetics; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome