title: Cytokines promote motoneuron survival through the Janus kinase-dependent activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway.
abstract: To determine which intracellular pathways mediate the survival effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor and cardiotrophin-1 cytokines on motoneurons, we studied the activation of the Jak/STAT, the PI 3-kinase/Akt, and the ERK pathways. At shorter time points, cytokines induced the activation of STAT3 and ERK, but not PI 3-kinase. Jak3 inhibitor suppressed cytokine- and muscle extract-induced survival. In contrast, PD 98059, a MEK inhibitor, was not able to prevent cytokine-induced survival, demonstrating that ERK is not involved. Surprisingly, the PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY 294002 prevented the survival-promoting effects of cytokines. When assays of PI 3-kinase activity were performed at later stages following cytokine treatment a significant increase was observed compared to control cultures. This delayed increase of activity could be completely prevented by treatment with protein synthesis or Jak3 inhibitors. Collectively, these results demonstrate that cytokines induce motoneuron survival through a PI 3-kinase activation requiring de novo protein synthesis dependent on Jak pathway.
authors.affiliation: Grup de Neurobiologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dolcet
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egea
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Comella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; C092073:cardiotrophin 1