Therapeutic efficacy of intraperitoneal polymyxin B and polymyxin-like peptides alone or combined with levofloxacin in rat models of septic shock.
The efficacy of two polymyxin-like peptides, KFFKFFKFF and IKFLKFLKFL, alone and combined with levofloxacin, was investigated in a rat model of septic shock. Rats were given an ip injection of 2 x 10(10) cfu of Escherichia coli and randomized to receive ip isotonic sodium chloride solution, 7 mg/kg levofloxacin, 1 mg/kg polymyxin B and 1 mg/kg of each polymyxin-like peptides alone or combined with 7 mg/kg levofloxacin. Polymyxins achieved a significant reduction in plasma endotoxin and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration. Levofloxacin significantly reduced the bacterial growth and TNF-alpha concentration. The combinations of polymyxin-like peptides and levofloxacin demonstrated the highest efficacy.
Giacometti
Andrea
A
Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
Cirioni
Oscar
O
Ghiselli
Roberto
R
Mocchegiani
Federico
F
Paggi
Alessandra Mataloni
AM
Orlando
Fiorenza
F
Kamysz
Wojciech
W
Kasprzykowski
Franciszek
F
Mackiewicz
Zbigniew
Z
Scalise
Giorgio
G
Saba
Vittorio
V
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D011112:Polymyxin B