title: Apoptosis induced by box jellyfish (Chiropsalmus quadrigatus) toxin in glioma and vascular endothelial cell lines.
abstract: This study was made to investigate whether Chiropsalmus Quadrigatus toxins (CqTX), which isolated from box jellyfish C. Quadrigatus venom, could induce apoptosis in human U251 and rat C6 malignant glioma cells and transformed vascular endothelial ECV 304 cell lines. Cell viability was estimated by MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated using TdT (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method and DNA gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the expression of p53 protein was examined immunohistochemically in the U251 cells. After the CqTX treatment, the growth of all cell lines was inhibited, the fragmented DNA was observed and some cells became TUNEL positive. The expression of p53 protein was increased in the tested U251 cells. The results suggested that CqTX induced apoptosis in these cell lines. The promotion of the p53 expression might be one mechanism of apoptosis induced by CqTX in the glioma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara Uehara 207, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan. sliankun@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Lian Kun
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshii
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsurushima
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harakuni
authors.forename: Ya Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004253:DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D004253:DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase