Nuclear factor-kappaB p65 (RelA) transcription factor is constitutively activated in human gastric carcinoma tissue.
OBJECTIVE
Activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been shown to play a role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production, and oncogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether NF-kappaB is constitutively activated in human gastric carcinoma tissues and, if so, to determine any correlation between NF-kappaB activity and clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma.


METHODS
NF-kappaB activation was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from 64 gastric carcinoma patients. We quantified nuclear staining of RelA as a marker of NF-kappaB activation.


RESULTS
Nuclear translocation of RelA was significantly high in tumor cells in comparison to that in adjacent normal epithelial cells (22.5 +/- 2.4% versus 8.6 +/- 1.5%, P < 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between NF-kappaB activation (nuclear translocation of RelA) and expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, an invasion-related factor and target of NF-kappaB in tumor cells (rho = 0.393; P = 0.0013). NF-kappaB activation was correlated with tumor invasion-related clinicopathological features such as lymphatic invasion of tumor cells (P = 0.0126), depth of invasion (P = 0.0539), peritoneal metastases (P = 0.0538), and tumor size (P = 0.0164).


CONCLUSIONS
Collectively, the data show that NF-kappaB is constitutively activated in human gastric carcinoma tissues and suggest that NF-kappaB activity is related to tumor progression due to its transcriptional regulation of invasion-related factors such as urokinase-type plasminogen activator.
Sasaki
N
N
Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Morisaki
T
T
Hashizume
K
K
Yao
T
T
Tsuneyoshi
M
M
Noshiro
H
H
Nakamura
K
K
Yamanaka
T
T
Uchiyama
A
A
Tanaka
M
M
Katano
M
M
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D021122:Protein Subunits; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016328:NF-kappa B; D021122:Protein Subunits; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator