title: Craniofacial growth pattern in cover-bite malocclusions and its therapeutic influencing.
abstract: METHODS
  The present investigation deals with the questions of whether there is a typical craniofacial morphology in cases with cover-bite malocclusions, whether this type correlates with variation in population, and whether this growth pattern can be influenced by treatment with removable appliances.
  
  
  METHODS
  The issue was approached by studying lateral cephalograms of 75 subjects (35 males, 40 females) divided into three groups of 25 subjects each: German cover-bite patients, Syrian cover-bite patients, and subjects with neutroclusion. Overall 125 lateral cephalograms were studied with 13 reference lines and 18 reference angles being taken into account. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analyses using the t-test to detect significant group differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that there are characteristic features in cover-bite patients in comparison to subjects with neutroclusion and that these features are partly subject to interpopulation differences as well as to interindividual variations. With regard to orthodontic treatment the cover-bite craniofacial morphology is marginally influenceable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Damascus, Syria. mjuyouss@scs-net.org
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Youssef
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007569:Jaw Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D009968:Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000379:methods*; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities; D013593:Syria; D016896:Treatment Outcome