title: p38 MAPK and Ca2+ contribute to hydrogen peroxide-induced increase of permeability in vascular endothelial cells but ERK does not.
abstract: To examine the involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the oxidative stress-induced increase of permeability in endothelial cells, the effects of a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) and ERK inhibitor (PD90859) on the H2O2-induced increase of permeability in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC) were investigated using a two-compartment system partitioned by a semi-permeable filter. H2O2 at 1 mM caused an increase of the permeation rate of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran 40 through BPAEC monolayers. SB203580 inhibited the H2O2-induced increase of permeability but PD98059 did not, though activation (phosphorylation) of both p38 MAPK and ERK was observed in H2O2-treated cells in Western blot analysis. An H2O2-induced increase of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was also observed and an intracellular Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA-AM) significantly inhibited the H2O2-induced increase of permeability. However, it showed no inhibitory effects on the H2O2-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK. The H2O2-induced increase of [Ca2+]i was not influenced by SB203580 and PD98059. These results indicate that the activation of p38 MAPK and the increase of [Ca2+]i are essential for the H2O2-induced increase of endothelial permeability and that ERK is not.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biofluid Dynamics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, West 6, North 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan. niwa@bfd.es.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Inanami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines; C070379:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D002118:Calcium