title: Effect of injection volume on the pharmacokinetics of oil particles and incorporated menatetrenone after intravenous injection as O/W lipid emulsions in rats.
abstract: Oil-in-water lipid emulsions are promising drug carriers for lipophilic drugs, however, the pharmacokinetics after entering the circulation should be clarified at clinical injection volume in order to utilize them in a clinical situation. In the present study, the standard lipid emulsions, consisting of soybean oil, egg yolk phosphatides and menatetrenone with diameters of about 150 nm, were prepared using a microfluidizer system. The pharmacokinetics of menatetrenone and the oil particles after intravenous injection as standard lipid emulsions at various injection volumes, from the clinical injection volume (0.1 ml/kg) to the experimental injection volume (3.0 ml/kg), were examined in rats. The plasma concentrations of menatetrenone and the oil particles were similar after administration, showing that menatetrenone was not released even after entering the circulation. Menatetrenone was delivered to the liver and spleen at the clinical injection volume, and more menatetrenone was delivered to the liver at clinical injection volume compared with the experimental volume. Moreover, additional information on injection volume-dependency was also obtained from these findings. These results at various injection volumes suggested that the standard lipid emulsions can be utilized as a useful drug delivery system at the clinical injection volume, especially for liver and spleen targeting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaeda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009821:Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D006490:Hemostatics; D009821:Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014867:Water; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C030814:menatetrenone