Multipotent neural stem cells reside into the rostral extension and olfactory bulb of adult rodents.
The lateral walls of the forebrain lateral ventricles are the richest source of stem cells in the adult mammalian brain. These stem cells give rise to new olfactory neurons that are renewed throughout life. The neurons originate in the subventricular zone (SVZ), migrate within the rostral extension (RE) of the SVZ along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) within tube-like structures formed of glial cells, to eventually reach the olfactory bulb (OB). We demonstrate that, contrary to the current view, multipotential (neuronal-astroglial-oligodendroglial) precursors with stem cell features can be isolated not only from the SVZ but also from the entire RE, including the distal portion within the OB. Specifically, these stem cells do not derive from the migratory neuroblasts coming from the SVZ. Interestingly, stem cells isolated from the proximal RE generate significantly more oligodendrocytes, and those from the distal RE proliferate significantly more slowly than stem cells derived from the SVZ and other RE regions. These findings demonstrate that stem cells are not confined to the forebrain periventricular region and indicate that stem cells endowed with different functional characteristics occur at different levels of the SVZ-RE pathway.
Gritti
Angela
A
Institute for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biotechnology, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy. gritti.angela@hsr.it.
Bonfanti
Luca
L
Doetsch
Fiona
F
Caille
Isabelle
I
Alvarez-Buylla
Arturo
A
Lim
Daniel A
DA
Galli
Rossella
R
Verdugo
Jose Manuel Garcia
JM
Herrera
Daniel G
DG
Vescovi
Angelo L
AL
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line / Q000166:cytology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology; D010641:Phenotype; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
D006133:Growth Substances; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents