Immigrant nurses' experience of racism.
OBJECTIVE
To document and describe the experiences of immigrant nurses of colour who have filed grievances concerning their employers' discriminatory practices; and to solicit their views of existing policies and recommendations for equity in professional life.


METHODS
In this descriptive, exploratory study nine immigrant nurses of colour in Ontario, Canada, were interviewed between 1997 and 1998. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and in focus groups. The discourse theory and methods of van Dijk and Essed were used to analyse the qualitative data.


RESULTS
Recurring themes were: (a) being marginalized and acknowledging and naming the racist experiences; (b) experiencing physical stress and emotional pain; (c) strategizing to cope and survive; (d) recommending policy changes.


CONCLUSIONS
All nurses interviewed had experienced reprisals as a result of complaining or filing grievances and unfairness was encountered in the redress process itself. Participants recommended policy initiatives to ensure equity and fair practices in the nursing profession.
Hagey
R
R
Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H4. rebecca.hagey@utoronto.ca
Choudhry
U
U
Guruge
S
S
Turrittin
J
J
Collins
E
E
Lee
R
R
D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D004648:Employee Grievances; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008913:Minority Groups; D009740:Nursing Staff; D009864:Ontario; D016134:Organizational Policy; D011287:Prejudice; D013315:Stress, Psychological