title: Importation of multiple HIV type 1 strains into West Papua, Indonesia (Irian Jaya).
abstract: HIV-1 from 16 sexually transmitted disease clinic patients in Timika, West Papua, Indonesia was amplified by RT-PCR and subtyped by a combination of envelope and gag region heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA) and direct PCR DNA sequencing. HMA showed the presence of 14 subtype E (CRF01_AE) and 2 subtype B HIV-1. Phylogenetic analysis of a 540-bp V3-V4 region of gp120 showed that 9 of 10 CRF01_AE variants clustered tightly with a median distance of 1.3% (range, 0.5 to 2.2%) whereas 1 CRF01_AE variant diverged significantly from the others (median distance, 10.7%; range, 10.1 to 11.8%). One subtype B virus envelope was typical of United States/European strains whereas the other appeared to be related to Thai subtype B' variants. These results reflect the independent introduction of multiple HIV-1 strains into West Papua, with the rapid spread in the majority of infected patients tested of a single strain of HIV-1E (CRF01_AE).
authors.affiliation: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87501, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Donegan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Silitonga
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Wignall
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Delwart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D020180:Heteroduplex Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral