title: Oilfield wastewater treatment by combined microfiltration and biological processes.
abstract: This work deals with the treatment of offshore oilfield wastewater from the Campos Basin (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). After coarse filtration, this high saline wastewater was microfiltrated through mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membranes, resulting in average removals of COD, TOC, O&G and phenols of 35%, 25%, 92% and 35%, respectively. The permeate effluent was fed into a 1-L air-lift reactor containing polystyrene particles of 2mm diameter, used as support material. This reactor was operated for 210 days, at three hydraulic retention times (HRT): 48, 24 and 12h. Even when operated at the lowest HRT (12 h), removal efficiencies of 65% COD, 80% TOC, 65% phenols and 40% ammonium were attained. The final effluent presented COD and TOC values of 230 and 55 mg/L, respectively. Results obtained by gas chromatography analyses and toxicity tests with Artemia salina showed that a significant improvement in the effluent's quality was achieved after treatment by the combined (microfiltration/biological) process.
authors.affiliation: COPPE/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. lippel@peq.coppe.ufrj.br
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: R M H
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: A  M
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliveira Filho
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nobrega
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Sant'Anna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D005374:Filtration; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D010578:Petroleum; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010100:Oxygen