title: Borderline personality disorder in primary care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by marked impulsivity, instability of affect and interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behavior that can complicate medical care. Few data are available on its prevalence or clinical presentation outside of specialty mental health care settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined data from a survey conducted on a systematic sample (N = 218) from an urban primary care practice to study the prevalence, clinical features, comorbidity, associated impairment, and rate of treatment of BPD. Psychiatric assessments were conducted by mental health professionals using structured clinical interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lifetime prevalence of BPD was 6.4% (14/218 patients). The BPD group had a high rate of current suicidal ideation (3 patients [21.4%]), bipolar disorder (3 [21.4%]), and major depressive (5 [35.7%]) and anxiety (8 [57.1%]) disorders. Half of the BPD patients reported not receiving mental health treatment in the past year and nearly as many (6 [42.9%]) were not recognized by their primary care physicians as having an ongoing emotional or mental health problem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of BPD in primary care is high, about 4-fold higher than that found in general community studies. Despite availability of various pharmacological and psychological interventions that are helpful in treating symptoms of BPD, and despite the association of this disorder with suicidal ideation, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and functional impairment, BPD is largely unrecognized and untreated. These findings are also important for the primary care physician, because unrecognized BPD may underlie difficult patient-physician relationships and complicate medical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 600 W 168 St, PH-18, Room 303, New York, NY 10032, USA. rg547@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Raz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olfson
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gameroff
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feder
authors.forename: Milton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lantigua
authors.forename: Myrna M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Weissman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data