title: Active management of the third stage at caesarean section: a randomised controlled trial of misoprostol versus syntocinon.
abstract: The objective of this trial was to investigate whether 500 microg oral misoprostol given immediately after delivery of the neonate at Caesarean section is as effective as a bolus intravenous injection of 10 iu Syntocinon in stimulating uterine contractions and thereby reducing blood loss. Forty women undergoing elective or emergency Caesarean section were included in a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Group 1 received oral misoprostol and a placebo intravenous bolus and Group 2 received intravenous Syntocinon and oral placebo tablets. The main outcome measures were estimated blood loss at Caesarean section, drop in serum haemoglobin, and the need for additional uterotonic agents. We found that there was no significant difference (p = 0.75) in estimated blood loss between the two groups. No differences were observed in the decrease in haemoglobin, requirement for additional oxytocics, the need for blood transfusion or the degree of shivering in each group (p > 0.05 in each case). We concluded that oral misoprostol could be used as an alternative oxytocic agent for the third stage at Caesarean section. However, there is an obvious need for a larger randomised controlled trial to be undertaken. Previous published studies have concentrated on vaginal births and further studies should be extended to Caesarean deliveries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Lokugamage
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paine
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bassaw-Balroop
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Refaey
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rodeck
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007749:Labor Stage, Third; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D016595:Misoprostol; D010121:Oxytocin