title: GABA(A) receptor-modulating neuroactive steroid composition in patients with panic disorder before and during paroxetine treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that neuroactive steroids modulate anxiety and stress reactivity. However, no data on the possible role of these gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptor-modulating neuroactive steroids in patients with anxiety disorders are available.
  
  
  METHODS
  The concentrations of 3alpha,5alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone (3alpha,5alpha-THP), 3alpha,5beta-THP, 3beta,5alpha-THP, and their precursors were studied in the plasma of 10 patients with panic disorder and 10 matched healthy comparison subjects. In addition, the effects of paroxetine treatment on neuroactive steroid concentrations were studied in the panic disorder patients over a 24-week period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unexpectedly, patients with panic disorder had significantly greater concentrations of the positive allosteric modulators 3alpha,5alpha-THP and 3alpha,5beta-THP and significantly lower concentrations of 3beta,5alpha-THP (a functional antagonist for GABA(A) agonistic steroids), which might result in greater GABA(A) receptor-mediated neuronal activity. Paroxetine treatment did not affect neuroactive steroid concentrations, which were highly stable over 24 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in neuroactive steroid composition in patients with panic disorder were the opposite of those seen in patients with major depression and may reflect counterregulative mechanisms against the occurrence of spontaneous panic attacks.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany. stroehle@mpipsykl.mpg.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ströhle
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: di Michele
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasini
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yassouridis
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Holsboer
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rupprecht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011280:Pregnanolone / Q000097:blood*; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D017374:Paroxetine; D011280:Pregnanolone