Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit re-epithelialization of wounded gastric monolayers by interfering with actin, Src, FAK, and tensin signaling.
Re-epithelialization is essential for gastrointestinal ulcer and cutaneous wound healing. It requires epithelial cell migration and proliferation, processes that are stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF), and dependent on the cell cytoskeleton. Activation of Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in EGF-stimulated cell migration. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (both nonselective and Cox2-selective) interfere with ulcer healing and re-epithelialization in vitro and in vivo, but the cellular targets and mechanisms remain unexplored forming the basis of this study. Using a wounded gastric epithelial cell monolayer model, we demonstrated that NSAIDs reduce both basal and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced re-epithelialization, and that this action involves disruption of actin stress fiber formation, reduced c-Src activity, decreased phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tensin and their cellular re-distribution. There was a strong correlation between NSAIDs-mediated inhibitory effect on re-epithelialization and loss of stress fibers and reduced tensin signal. Furthermore, NSAIDs significantly reduced EGF-stimulated c-Src association with FAK. These findings suggest that NSAIDs can directly affect the cell cytoskeleton and signaling pathways essential for re-epithelialization.
Pai
R
R
VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
Szabo
I L
IL
Giap
A Q
AQ
Kawanaka
H
H
Tarnawski
A S
AS
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000070876:Tensins; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D000199:Actins; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000070876:Tensins; C000603372:Tns1 protein, rat; C080955:N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496052:Ptk2 protein, rat; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D007213:Indomethacin