title: Periodontal health of London women during early pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A descriptive cross-sectional study to determine the severity of periodontal disease in early pregnancy and its relation to demographic variables in a South East London population.
  
  
  METHODS
  2,027 pregnant women attending Guy's Hospital for an ultrasound scan at 10 to 14 weeks gestation were assessed. Data were collected via questionnaire and periodontal examination, including plaque and bleeding scores, pocket probing depth and loss of attachment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 29.8 years (sd 5.5). Of these, 61.8% were white, 28.5% black, and 9.7% of other ethnic group. A total of 15% reported smoking during pregnancy. The mean number of teeth present was 28 (sd 2) per subject, mean percentage of sites with plaque present was 60.5% (sd 22.6), mean pocket depth was 2.0 mm (sd 0.4), mean loss of attachment was 0.4 mm (sd 0.3), and the mean percentage of sites bleeding on probing was 20.2% (sd 16.3). Linear regression demonstrated that probing depth was related to age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and plaque score but not to smoking whereas loss of attachment demonstrated relationships with age, smoking status and plaque score but not ethnicity or socioeconomic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a relatively high proportion of subjects with deep periodontal pockets in this pregnant population compared to the Adult Dental Health Survey 1998 but with similar levels of loss of attachment and percentage of sites with plaque present. Several demographic factors were associated with the level of periodontal disease in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Guy's King's and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, King's College, London.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Coward
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borkowska
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baylis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bewley
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mulhair
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Ashley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012907:Smoking; D012923:Social Class