Isolation of a sex-linked DNA sequence in cranes.
A female-specific DNA fragment (CSL-W; crane sex-linked DNA on W chromosome) was cloned from female whooping cranes (Grus americana). From the nucleotide sequence of CSL-W, a set of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers was identified which amplify a 227-230 bp female-specific fragment from all existing crane species and some other noncrane species. A duplicated versions of the DNA segment, which is found to have a larger size (231-235 bp) than CSL-W in both sexes, was also identified, and was designated CSL-NW (crane sex-linked DNA on non-W chromosome). The nucleotide similarity between the sequences of CSL-W and CSL-NW from whooping cranes was 86.3%. The CSL primers do not amplify any sequence from mammalian DNA, limiting the potential for contamination from human sources. Using the CSL primers in combination with a quick DNA extraction method allows the noninvasive identification of crane gender in less than 10 h. A test of the methodology was carried out on fully developed body feathers from 18 captive cranes and resulted in 100% successful identification.
Duan
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Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 484 W 12th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Fuerst
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D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001717:Birds / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood; D017931:DNA Primers; D005241:Feathers; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D012730:Sex Chromosomes; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis / Q000379:methods*
D017931:DNA Primers; D004247:DNA