title: Bar and club tobacco promotions in the alternative press: targeting young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined changes in tobacco promotions in the alternative press in San Francisco and Philadelphia from 1994 to 1999.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of alternative newspapers was analyzed, and a content analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1994 and 1999, numbers of tobacco advertisements increased from 8 to 337 in San Francisco and from 8 to 351 in Philadelphia. Product advertisements represented only 45% to 50% of the total; the remaining advertisements were entertainment-focused promotions, mostly bar-club and event promotions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tobacco industry has increased its use of bars and clubs as promotional venues and has used the alternative press to reach the young adults who frequent these establishments. This increased targeting of young adults may be associated with an increase in smoking among this group.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sepe
authors.forename: Stanton A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Glantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D000367:Age Factors; D002140:California; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D009524:Newspapers as Topic; D010414:Pennsylvania; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution