title: rt-PA thrombolysis in acute thromboembolic upper-extremity arterial occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Retrospective analysis of the results of rt-PA thrombolysis in the treatment of acute thromboembolic occlusion of the upper limb.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 55 patients with demonstrated acute embolic arterial occlusion, rt-PA thrombolysis was performed on 40 occlusions in 38 patients (23 women with a mean age of 62 years, range 32-85 years; 15 men with a mean age of 65 years, range 32-92 years) according to the following design: 6 mg rt-PA/hr for 30 min, 3 mg rt-PA/hr for the next 30 min, 1 mg rt-PA/hr for 7 hr, and 0.4 mg rt-PA/hr until the end of lysis. Onset of symptoms varied from 1 to 14 days. Included were three isolated upper-arm occlusions, nine combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and 28 forearm and hand artery occlusions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall success rate was 55%. The lysis results for isolated upper arm, combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and forearm and hand artery occlusions were 100%, 66%, and 46%, respectively. In eight patients surgical embolectomy had to be performed after failed thrombolysis. No amputation was required in the follow-up period. No lethal complications occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventional rt-PA treatment of proximal upper-extremity arterial occlusions may be performed with comparable success rates to surgical embolectomy and without severe complications. For distal occlusions the results are inferior to the success rates obtained with surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital St. Pölten, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cejna
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salomonowitz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wohlschlager
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zwrtek
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Böck
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zwrtek
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001132:Arm / Q000098:blood supply*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017128:Embolectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator