title: Lack of transmission of TT virus through immunoglobulins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A high prevalence of TT virus (TTV) infection has been found in patients who received blood or blood components. Viral DNA was demonstrated in commercial preparations of FVIII and F IX, but very few data have been reported on immunoglobulins. The risk of TTV infection associated with intramuscular or IV immunoglobulin administration is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence of TTV infection in a group of patients undergoing lifelong therapy because of congenital immunodeficiency has been evaluated in a long term follow-up (median, 6 years). Seventeen patients with congenital immunodeficiency receiving monthly administration of IVIG were included in the study. TTV DNA was repeatedly evaluated by PCR in serum samples from each patient during the follow-up. Research of antibodies against TTV was not applicable, as the patients studied were unable to produce antibodies. The presence of TTV was also evaluated in 15 IVIG lots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total amount of immunoglobulin administered was 18,773 g. TTV infection was not found in any patients included in the study. None of the 15 immunoglobulin preparations analyzed was found positive for TTV DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the high prevalence of TTV in blood donors, commercial immunoglobulins are safe and unable to transmit TTV.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Clinic III, University of Florence, and the A. Meyer Pediatric Hospital, Florence, Italy. c.azzari@ao-meyer.toscana.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azzari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Resti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriondo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gambineri
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Novembre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vierucci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D022783:Torque teno virus
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous