title: Human polyclonal anti-hepatitis B surface antigen immunoglobulin reduces the frequency of acute rejection after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Use of polyclonal anti-hepatitis B surface antigen immunoglobulin (HBIg) has been shown to reduce hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) and to decrease the frequency of acute cellular rejection (ACR). However, the protective role of HBIg against ACR remains controversial, since HBV infection has been also associated with a lower incidence of ACR.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between HBIg immunoprophylaxis and the incidence of rejection after LT.
  
  
  METHODS
  260 patients (158 males, 43 +/- 14 years old) submitted to LT were retrospectively evaluated and divided into three groups, according to the presence of HBsAg and the use of HBIg. Group I was comprised of HBsAg-positive patients (n = 12) that received HBIg for more than 6 months. Group II was comprised of HBsAg-positive patients that historically have not received HBIg or have been treated irregularly for less than 3 months (n = 10). Group III was composed of 238 HBsAg-negative subjects that have not received HBIg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HBIg-treated patients (group I) had significantly less ACR episodes, when compared to group II and III. No differences between groups II and III were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term HBIg administration contributes independently to reduce the number of ACR episodes after LT.
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Couto
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
authors.forename: A Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Farias
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lallee
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Cançado
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Massarollo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mies
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell