title: [Anal incontinence: echographic and manometric study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and functional consequences of anal sphincter echographic lesions in patients with fecal incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1997 to April 2001, 100 patients with fecal incontinence (90 women, 10 men) were prospectively explored by transanal ultrasound and vectormanometry. Internal and external sphincter defects, as well as their extension, were analyzed with regard to their clinical and functional expressions (resting and squeeze anal sphincter pressures, anal sphincter asymmetry index).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 100 patients, 42 had no echographic lesions, 58 had a defect: 26 had an isolated defect (internal sphincter (n = 3), external sphincter (n = 23) and 32 had combined internal and external sphincter defects. Squeeze anal pressures were significantly lower in the group of patients with combined defects, compared to the group with isolated defect or without defect. Anal asymmetry index was higher in the group of patients with combined defects, compared to the other groups. There was a positive correlation between the radial extension of the defect and the importance of clinical complaints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echographic anal sphincter lesions are frequent in fecal incontinence and are clinically and functionally significant.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Edouard-Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France. henri.damon@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Damon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Valette
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
vernacular_title: Incontinence anale: étude échographique et manométrique.