title: Interaction of alcohol and the G to a substitution at the promoter region of the apolipoprotein AI gene in determining plasma apolipoprotein AI levels in Yi and Han Chinese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence on plasma lipid levels of alcohol and a common polymorphism in the human apolipoprotein AI gene promoter at a position 75 bp upstream of the transcription start site.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 742 healthy Yi and Han subjects all above 15 years old formed the total population which was divided into three groups: the Yi-farmer group, the Yi-emigrant group and the Han-resident group. All estimates of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins were performed using an auto-analyzer. Genetic DNA was prepared from the blood clots using the Triton X-100 lysis technique. Amplification of a 432 bp fragment of the apoAI gene promoter was performed using PCR followed by restriction digestion, electrophoresis and identification of the genotypes involved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The samples were divided on the basis of alcohol consumption: non-drinkers, 1-25 g/day, 26-75 g/day and > 75 g/day. Comparing the four alcohol consumption groups, plasma HDLC and apoAI levels were increased as the alcohol consumption increased with no evidence of threshold effects in the Yi-farmers and the Han people groups. A similar association was found in the Yi-emigrant group, but was not statistically significant. The frequencies of the A allele in the three populations were similar, and no significant difference of lipid and apolipoprotein levels was found between subjects with and without the A allele in the three populations. But, in Han and Yi-emigrant samples, the drinkers with the GG genotype had higher plasma HDLC and apoAI levels than non-drinkers with the same genotype, while the drinkers with the A allele had lower plasma HDLC and apoAI levels than drinkers without the A allele. Non-drinkers with the A allele had higher levels of apoAI than non-drinkers with GG genotypes. It was estimated that 18% of the variability of plasma apoAI level could be explained by the G to A polymorphism in non-drinkers of Yi-emigrants (F = 8.94, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data suggest that moderate alcohol consumption and the G to A substitution could lower the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the beneficial effects of one will be negated by the other.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Polices, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: She
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I