title: Occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins in wheat affected by Fusarium avenaceum head blight.
abstract: We evaluated Fusarium contamination and the levels of hexadepsipeptide mycotoxins in 13 wheat samples affected by head blight in Finland. Fusarium avenaceum was the dominant species (91%) isolated from all samples, but isolates of F. culmorum (4%), F. tricinctum (3%), and F. poae (2%) also were recovered. Beauvericin (0.64 to 3.5 microg/g) was detected in all 13 samples. Enniatin B (trace to 4.8 microg/g) was detected in 12 samples, enniatin B(1) (trace to 1.9 microg/g) was detected in 8 samples, and enniatin A(1) (trace to 6.9 microg/g) was detected in 10 samples. Ten of 13 strains of F. avenaceum and 2 strains of F. poae and F. tricinctum produced beauvericin in culture on rice (trace to 70, 9.4, and 33 microg/g, respectively). All strains also produced enniatins (trace to 2,700 microg/g). This is the first report on the natural co-occurence of beauvericin and enniatins in wheat infected predominantly by F. avenaceum.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, CNR, 70125 Bari, Italy. a.logrieco@area.ba.cnr.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Logrieco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferracane
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ritieni
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D047630:Depsipeptides; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047630:Depsipeptides; D010455:Peptides; C100264:enniatins; C004456:beauvericin