title: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to different tests in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether different tests of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) reserve are influenced by diabetic state and metabolic control in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the ACTH reserve in 10 patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes during periods of poor and improved metabolic control and in 10 healthy subjects. The ACTH-cortisol secretion was assessed by a diurnal profile, an intravenous corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test and an insulin tolerance test (ITT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diurnal profiles were similar in all groups. CRH resulted in a diminished ACTH response during poor compared with improved metabolic control (mean+/-SD) (AUC 4950+/-4227 vs. 5847+/-3788 ng/L min, p<0.05). The response in the diabetic patients during improved metabolic control was of the same magnitude as in the control subjects (5934+/-1778 ng/L x min). ITT elicited a similar ACTH and cortisol response in the diabetic patients during poor and improved metabolic control as in the healthy control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ITT was uninfluenced by diabetic state and metabolic control and should therefore be considered the method of choice in evaluation of the ACTH reserve in patients with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kärnsjukhuset, Skövde, Sweden. erik.almqvist@vgregion.se
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Almqvist
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Manhem
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone