title: Nutritional status of middle-aged Vietnamese in Ho Chi Minh City.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the nutritional status of middle-aged Vietnamese in Ho Chi Minh City.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey in 300 Vietnamese aged 40 to 59 years (113 men, 187 women) was conducted in an urban, suburban and rural area of Ho Chi Minh City based on interviews that included a 24-hour dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire, and a short socioeconomic questionnaire. Anthropometry and blood pressure were measured, and blood was collected for serum protein and lipid analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A high prevalence of underweight (BMI < 18.5) was observed in the rural and suburban populations (35% and 23%, respectively), and overweight (BMI > or = 25) was observed in the urban population (18%). A high percentage of serum total cholesterol (TC) below 150 mg/dL was observed in the rural and suburban areas (43% and 37%, respectively). By contrast, the prevalence of TC above 220 mg/dL was twofold higher in the urban and suburban residents (13% and 12%, respectively) than in rural residents (6%). More than 80% of urban residents were of medium or high-income status, whereas 61% of suburban residents were of medium-income status and 66% of rural residents were of low-income status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nutritional status of middle-aged Vietnamese in Ho Chi Minh City was characterized by undernutrition in 35% of the low-income population and by overnutrition in 18% the high-income population. Undenutrition was still a public health problem in the rural area whereas overnutrition started to become a noteworthy problem in the urban area. The suburban area suffered from both under- and overnutrition problems. Low lipid intake was the most important problem related to undernutrition in middle-aged residents of Ho Chi Minh City.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Japan. ddcd@hcm.vnn.vn
authors.lastname: Hanh TTM
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Chuyen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001798:Blood Proteins; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D012424:Rural Population; D013383:Suburban Population; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D008055:Lipids