title: Signalling from the cell surface to the nucleus.
abstract: Transcriptional initiation is regulated by altering the properties of promoter-specific DNA-binding proteins, such that these proteins either show altered interaction with the basal transcriptional machinery, or show changes in their cytoplasmic/nuclear distribution. Information is passed from the receptor to the transcription factor by a process of post-translational modifications of pathway components. Post-translational modifications can include phosphorylations or dephosphorylations, which are reversible, and proteolysis, which is irreversible. Specificity within a linear signal transduction pathway is preserved by the existence of scaffold proteins, which serve to co-localize many of the factors from a given linear pathway.
authors.affiliation: Marie Curie Cancer Research Institute, The Chart, Oxted, Surrey, RH8 OTL, U.K.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goodbourn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019281:Dimerization; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins