title: Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison of helical CT multiplanar reformation, three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual laryngoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical application of helical CT multiplanar reformation (MPR) three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) and virtual laryngoscopy (CTVL) in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Axial helical CT scans were performed in 22 patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinoma, along with MPR, 3D and CTVL. These results were compared with the findings of fiber optic laryngoscopy and surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combining axial and MPR images, both the accuracy in preoperative tumor staging and the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 95%. MPR demonstrated more information about the extent of tumor than axial images in 23% cases; 3D image displayed clearly the extension of tumor, the vessels and airway from multiple views. The location, size and extent of tumors found in cranio-caudal CTVL corresponded well with that of laryngoscopy, and CTVL demonstrated the relationship between the tumor and vocal cords and anterior commissure by caudo-cranial approach, which was inaccessible to fiber optic laryngoscopy in 3 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Axial images of helical CT clearly demonstrate the location, size and extent of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, while MPR and 3D images are useful in displaying the three-dimensional images and anatomical relation of the tumor. CTVL can clearly display the mucosal surface structures of the larynx and hypopharynx and is a good complementary method of laryngoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Air Force General Hospital, Beijing 100036, China. dongwang66@263.net
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed