title: Increase in the production of interleukin-10 early after implantation is related to the success of pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the correlation of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-11 leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), placental growth factor (PIGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and outcome of human pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively measured the serum levels of these cytokines in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. A total of 60 women (non-pregnant, n = 27; early abortions, n = 12; normal pregnancies, n = 21) were enrolled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the cytokines studied on D0 and D14 among the three groups of women. The increase in PIGF from D0 to D14 after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection was greater in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women; however, the difference did not reach significance (P = 0.068). The increase in IL-10 production from D14 to D21 was significant in women with successful pregnancies compared to women in the abortion group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This increase in IL-10 may be important in sustaining a normal pregnancy early after implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital National Taiwan University, Taipei.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D017370:Interleukin-11; D015850:Interleukin-6; C507837:LIF protein, human; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor