title: Physical activity may modulate effects of ApoE genotype on lipid profile.
abstract: Increased levels of physical activity may improve the lipid profile, but is this effect identical across apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotypes? A population-based cross-sectional survey conducted from 1999 to 2000 included 1708 randomly selected men and women aged 35 to 74 years. A validated physical activity questionnaire measured, for each participant, the total energy expenditure and its percentage used in high-intensity activities (%high-intensity activity), eg, brisk walking and sports. The effects of the apoEx%high-intensity activity interaction on the lipid profile were investigated by using multiple linear regression models. Among men, increased %high-intensity activity had greater protective effects in the apoE4 group regarding (1) high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P<0.001), compared with either the apoE2 (interaction P=0.05) or apoE3 (interaction P<0.03) groups, and (2) triglycerides (P<0.03), compared with the apoE3 group (interaction P=0.07). A 10% increase of %high-intensity activity by an apoE4 man would correspond with a 0.07-mmol/L increase in HDL cholesterol and a -0.15-mmol/L decrease in triglycerides. Among women, only the protective effects of physical activity on HDL cholesterol in the apoE4 group versus the apoE2 group was statistically significant. Spending a larger fraction of the total energy expenditure in high-intensity activities may counteract the atherogenic effects of the epsilon4 allele on the lipid profile.
authors.affiliation: Division d'Epidémiologie Clinique Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland. martine.bernstein@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: Martine S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Costanza
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cambien
authors.forename: Ségolène
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raoux
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morabia
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013557:Switzerland; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides