title: Influence of Transcutol CG on the skin accumulation and transdermal permeation of ultraviolet absorbers.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of Transcutol CG concentration on the transdermal permeation and skin accumulation of two ultraviolet (UV) absorbers, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (oxybenzone) and 2-octyl-4-methoxycinnamate (cinnamate). The concentration of the UV absorber was held constant at 6% (w/w) for all vehicle systems while the concentration of Transcutol CG was varied from 0 to 50% (w/w). Data showed that both UV absorbers exhibited increases in skin accumulation with increasing concentrations of Transcutol CG. Skin accumulation of oxybenzone was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of cinnamate for all formulations investigated. Oxybenzone skin accumulation ranged from 22.9+/-2.8 microg/mg (0% Transcutol CG) to 80.8+/-27.2 microg/mg (50% Transcutol CG). Cinnamate skin accumulation ranged from 9.0+/-0.9 microg/mg to 39.8+/-12.2 microg/mg at 0 and 50% Transcutol CG, respectively. No significant differences were found in the transdermal permeation of oxybenzone or cinnamate for any of the formulations tested. The results of this study demonstrate that the inclusion of Transcutol CG in sunscreen formulations increases the skin accumulation of the UV absorbers oxybenzone and cinnamate without a concomitant increase in transdermal permeation.
authors.affiliation: University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, 2502 Marble NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Godwin
authors.forename: Nae-Hwa
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Felton
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D002934:Cinnamates; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C005290:oxybenzone; C010111:carbitol