title: Antioxidant activity of polyphenols in carob pods.
abstract: We extracted polyphenols from carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pods, and evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity of the crude polyphenol fraction (CPP). The total polyphenol content in CPP determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method was 19.2%. The condensed tannin content determined by the vanillin and proanthocyanidin assay systems was 4.37% and 1.36%, respectively. beta-Carotene bleaching, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the erythrocyte ghost, and microsomal assay systems were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. CPP showed a stronger inhibitory effect against the discoloration of beta-carotene than other polyphenol compounds such as catechins and procyanidins. CPP had weaker antioxidant activity in the DPPH free radical scavenging, the erythrocyte ghost, and microsomal systems than authentic polyphenol compounds at the same concentrations. The activity adjusted by the polyphenol concentration was, however, comparable to that of authentic polyphenol compounds. Considering most carob pods are discarded and not effectively utilized at present, these results suggested that carob pods could be utilized as a functional food or food ingredient.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan. kumazawa@smail.u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Masa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.forename: Mi-Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D053149:Plant Gums; D011108:Polymers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D010636:Phenols; D053149:Plant Gums; D011108:Polymers; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides; C013584:lipid peroxidation inhibitor; C017471:locust bean gum