title: [Detecting embryo sex by fluorescence in-situ hybridization in preimplantation genetic diagnosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Applying fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) in preimplantation gender diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovarian hyperstimulation was performed in 2 hemophilia A carriers and 2 patients with Y chromosome abnormality. Embryo sex was identified by single blastomere FISH after embryo biopsy. Female embryos were transferred into uterus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 110 cumulus-oocyte complex were retrieved in 5 treatment cycles. Among them, 68.2% showed normal fertilized pronuclei and 55 embryos were available for embryo biopsy. The success rate of biopsy was 85.5%, with further cleavage rate of 61.7%. In FISH procedure, one cell was lost during fixation, led to 97.9% fixation rate. Totally, 18 female embryos were diagnosed and 16 were transferred into uterus. Two clinical and one biochemical pregnancies were achieved. The diagnosis was confirmed by the following analysis of aminocyte and embryonic buds after embryo reduction respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FISH is an efficient and accurate technique for determination of the sex of human preimplantation embryos. Selective abortion and birth of affected child can be avoided by preimplantation gender diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Research Center, Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of  Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis