title: One-year prognosis of primary care dyspepsia: predictive value of symptom pattern, Helicobacter pylori and GP management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dyspepsia is a highly prevalent, heterogeneous condition with a poorly defined clinical course in family practice. We observed its clinical outcome and identified prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 583 patients presenting to their general practitioner (GP) with a new episode of dyspeptic complaints.
  
  
  METHODS
  A validated dyspepsia severity score was used to observe deterioration of dyspepsia. Furthermore, the general health status and the patient's perception of no improvement were registered. As prognostic determinants, demographic characteristics, concomitant conditions, and management were studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 518 (89%) patients completed the 1-year follow-up. Of these, 111 patients (22%, 95% CI 18% to 25%) had a negative change in their dyspepsia score after 1 year; 46 patients (9%, 95% CI 6% to 11%) noted impairment of general health; and 122 patients (24%, 95% CI 20% to 28%) regarded complaints as not improved. Frequent dyspepsia (>1 episode/year) and a history of peptic ulcer predicted deterioration of dyspepsia, while smoking and little psychological distress predicted impairment of general health. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori reduced the chance of patient's negative judgement for especially those with frequent dyspepsia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-quarter of the dyspepsia patients had an unfavourable 1-year prognosis, which was predictable because of frequent complaints and previously diagnosed ulcers. Psychological factors need to be identified, since they are related to general health improvement. The observed benefit of H. pylori eradication on perceived improvement of complaints may well be placebo effect.
authors.affiliation: Julius Centre for General Practice and Patient Oriented Research, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. a.o.quatero@med.uu.nl
authors.forename: A Otto
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Quartero
authors.forename: Mattijs E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Numans
authors.forename: Marcel W M
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Ruut A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Melker
authors.forename: Niek J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Wit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index