title: [Abnormal expression of p53, Ki67 and iNOS in human esophageal carcinoma in situ and pre-malignant lesions].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate alterations in expression of Ki67, p53 and iNOS proteins in esophageal carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of Ki67, p53 and iNOS proteins was detected by immunohistochemical staining of 366 endoscopic biopsy specimens of the esophagus collected from high incidence area of esophageal cancer in China. If the intensity of staining was scored as > or = ++, it was regarded as overexpression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overespression rate of Ki67 was 0 for normal epithelium(NE), 2.7% for mild dysplasia (MD), 11.2% for moderate dysplasia (MoD), 41.2% for severe dysplasia (SD), and 58.8% for carcinoma in-situ(CIS), respectively. That of p53 and iNOS proteins was 0 and 0 for NE, 10.1% and 4.0% for MD, 24.5% and 7.5% for MoD, 39.2% and 2.5% for SD, 48.7% and 1.4% for CIS, respectively. There was significant difference in the expression of Ki67 and p53 between normal epithelium and dysplasia of various degrees and CIS. Overexpression of Ki67 and p53 correlated well with the pathological grading of the lesions. Positive correlation was also found between p53 and Ki67 overexpressions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of Ki67 and p53, but not iNOS, is associated with carcinogenesis of the esophagus. They are early events in esophageal carcinogenesis and useful biomarkers for early detection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Biodetection Center, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II