title: Reduction in psychopathology following bariatric surgery for morbid obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although there has been some disagreement, there is growing evidence now that psychopathology is a comorbidity of morbid obesity among patients seeking bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to determine whether psychopathology decreases following this surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utilizing a national sample, this study focused on pre- and post-surgery scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2). The MMPI-2 was administered first during the pre-surgery medical examination, and again between 6 months and 1 year following surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Validity scale scores on the pre- and post-surgery MMPI-2s indicated that there was no impediment to interpreting the clinical scale scores of these tests. There was a pervasive pattern of statistically significant decreases in pre- to post-surgery clinical scale scores. Further, comparison of MMPI-2 clinical scale scores to available test norms showed that the number of participants showing signs of mental disorders was unusually high before surgery, and at or below the test norms following surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is clear evidence in this study that psychopathology declines following bariatric surgery. The unusually high levels of psychopathology before surgery may be a joint function of the factors producing the morbid obesity, and a reaction to the obesity itself. That psychopathology declines following surgery to levels expected in the general population indicates that the patients were becoming more positive about their lives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, School of Social Ecology, University of California, 3340 Social Ecology II, Irvine, CA 92697-7085, USA. Hardiness1@aol.com
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Maddi
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Khoshaba
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Persico
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D011594:Psychometrics; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology