title: Role of NQO1, MPO and CYP2E1 genetic polymorphisms in the susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
abstract: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer. The genetic factors underlying the susceptibility to this disease remain elusive. The enzymes CYP2E1, MPO and NQO1 are involved in the biotransformation of a variety of xenobiotics present in organic solvents, tobacco smoke, drugs, plastic derivatives and pesticides. They also control the level of the oxidative stress by catalyzing the formation of free radicals or by protecting cells from their deleterious effect. DNA variants in the corresponding genes have been associated with an increased susceptibility to different adult cancers, including hematologic malignancies. To investigate whether they represent risk-modifying factors in childhood ALL, we conducted a case-control study involving 174 patients and 337 controls, both of French-Canadian origin. We found that carriers of the CYP2E1*5 variant were at 2.8-fold higher risk of ALL (95%CI, 1.2-6.4) and that NQO1 alleles *2 and *3 contributed to the risk of ALL as well (OR = 1.7, 95%CI, 1.2-2.4). No such association was found with MPO alone. However, when the wild-type MPO allele was considered together with the CYP2E1 and NQO1 risk-elevating genotypes, the risk of ALL was increased further (OR = 5.4, 95%CI, 1.2-23.4) suggesting a combined effect. We also found a gene-gene interaction between the GSTM1 null genotype and NQO1 mutant alleles. It is therefore plausible that exposure to xenobiotics metabolized by these enzymes play a role in the etiology of childhood ALL.
authors.affiliation: Service of Hemato-Oncology, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, 3175 Côte Sainte Catherine, Montréal PQ, H3T 1C5, Canada.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krajinovic
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sinnett
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richer
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labuda
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sinnett
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015452:Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D009195:Peroxidase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)