The transforming growth factors beta in development and functional differentiation of the mouse mammary gland.
The transforming growth factors beta (TGF-beta) are multifunctional regulators with diverse effects on a variety of developmental processes and differentiated functions. In the mammary gland, a considerable amount of evidence has accumulated indicating that TGF-beta plays a critical role during several phases of the mammary cycle. TGF-beta regulates growth and patterning of the mammary ductal tree in the virgin mouse. During pregnancy, TGF-beta is required for alveolar development and functional differentiation, while at the same time inhibiting secretion of milk proteins. At parturition this inhibition is lifted, permitting initiation of lactation.
Daniel
C W
CW
Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA.
Robinson
S
S
Silberstein
G B
GB
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011247:Pregnancy; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta