title: Prenatal development of the muscles in the floor of the mouth in human embryos and fetuses from 6.9 to 76 mm CRL.
abstract: The development of the muscles in the floor of the mouth is described in 10 human embryos and fetuses ranging from 6.9 to 76 mm CRL by means of computer-aided graphical 3D-reconstructions. All primordia of the muscles in the floor of the mouth could be identified from the 15.6 mm CRL stage on. The proportions and insertion lines of the early muscles were found to be different from adult anatomy. Each muscle first inserted in the medial surface of Meckels cartilage, but during the developmental period between 19 and 68 mm CRL the insertion lines were gradually transposed to the bony ridges of the mandible which progrediently embraced Meckels cartilage. The fibers of the mylohyoid muscles left the anterior region near the symphysis mentalis free during all stages of this study. The digastric muscle revealed only one belly with a constriction of its continuous fibers where it passed the hyoid bone primordium. There was no attachment of digastric muscle fibers to the hyoid; only geniohyoid and mylohyoid fibers. Geniohyoid and genioglossus muscles basically correspond to their definite arrangement, but they underwent proportional changes. Individual specimens embodied irregularities such as accessory geniohyoid and hyoid portions and muscle fibers separate from the mylohyoide muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Dentistry/Oral Structural Biology, University Clinic Benjamin Franklin, WE 36, Freie Universität Berlin, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, D-14197 Berlin, Germany. radlanski@ukbf.fu-berlin.de
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Radlanski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Renz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tabatabai
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000196:embryology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005333:Fetus; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000196:embryology*; D009055:Mouth / Q000196:embryology*