title: Does "pure" phonemic awareness training affect reading comprehension?
abstract: The six studies found concerning the effect of pure phonemic awareness training (without phonics) on reading comprehension gave a positive but modest overall effect size in favor of phonemic awareness training. Four studies had small samples, two showed no or very small effect sizes, and one inconsistent results. Three involved languages other than English. Such results do not support the popular movement for universal phonemic awareness training.
authors.affiliation: University of Southern California, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krashen
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness; D002648:Child; D003210:Concept Formation; D006801:Humans; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010700:Phonetics; D011932:Reading