title: Actual behaviour of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (histoacryl) in a blood vessel: a model of the varix.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Though many gastric varices are treated endoscopically with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, its behavior in varices is not known precisely.
  
  
  METHODS
  We created a varix model. A volume of 0.7 ml or 1.4 ml of 71.4 % n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive, was injected into vinyl tubes of 0.4, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 cm in diameter, which were filled with still blood or flowing blood. The tissue adhesive was also injected into the inferior vena cava or femoral vein of dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate was similarly polymerized in the vinyl tubes and the animal veins. A volume of 0.7 ml of the tissue adhesive could block all tubes up to 0.6 cm in diameter. A double quantity of the tissue adhesive could block tubes 0.9 and 1.2 cm in diameter, with flow velocities up to 10 cm/s and up to 5 cm/s, respectively. Some polymer masses were fragmented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One rapid shot of the tissue adhesive can block a vessel 0.6 cm or less in diameter with fast flow velocity, and a vessel up to 1.2 cm in diameter with slow flow velocity. Fast blood flows in a larger diameter vessel and slow injection of the tissue adhesive may result in fragmentation. This model of the varix was useful for assessing the effect of tissue adhesive used to treat gastric varices.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shinsu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan. cqj04573@nifty.ne.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saegusa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kajiyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D016014:Linear Models; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate