title: Endobronchial cryosurgery.
abstract: The use of cryosurgery in the tracheobronchial region has been established for a considerable time, and it has been proved to provide a safe, rapid, and effective method for the restoration of patency in blocked tracheobronchial lumen. It also improves symptoms, respiratory function, and quality of life. The technique is easy to perform, economical, has minimal complications, and is well tolerated by the patient. Cryosurgery often leads to sufficient improvement in the patients' condition such that they can tolerate further treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy, thus providing a better outcome and improved quality of life and survival.
authors.affiliation: Harefield Hospital, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom. cryotherapy@rbh.nthames.nhs.uk
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Maiwand
mesh_terms: D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D020680:Bronchoscopes; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009584:Nitrogen; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D013696:Temperature; D014133:Tracheal Diseases / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D009584:Nitrogen