title: Expression of CD3 and CD11b antigens on blood and mammary gland leukocytes and bacterial survival in milk of cows with experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To differentiate early (1 to 8 days) from late (9 to 14 days) inflammatory phases and assess relationships between leukocyte phenotype and bacterial recovery in cows with Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 first-lactation Holstein cows.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and milk samples were collected from 4 or 6 cows before and after intramammary infusion of sterile broth or S. aureus, respectively. Flow cytometric expression of CD3 and CD11b antigens on blood and milk leukocytes, leukocyte differential counts, bacterial counts in milk, and somatic cell counts were determined longitudinally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Density of CD3 molecules decreased on blood lymphocytes and increased on milk lymphocytes after infusion of bacteria. Density of CD11b molecules on lymphocytes and phagocytes and percentage of CD11b+ lymphocytes in milk increased significantly after infusion; maximum values were achieved during the early inflammatory phase. Density of CD3 and CD11b molecules on milk lymphocytes and macrophages, respectively, 1 day after inoculation were negatively correlated with bacterial recovery on day 1 and days 9 to 14, respectively. Density of CD11b molecules on milk macrophages and the ratios of phagocyte to lymphocyte percentages and polymorphonuclear cell to macrophage percentages in milk differentiated the early from the late inflammatory phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activation of bovine mammary gland macrophages and T cells in response to intramammary infusion of S. aureus was associated with an inability to culture this bacterium from milk. Identification of specific inflammatory phases of S. aureus-induced mastitis in cows may allow for the design of more efficacious treatment and control programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Quimby
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Coksaygan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arina
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Arrobas
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008892:Milk / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen