title: Early investigation of silver-coated Silzone heart valves prosthesis in 126 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Permanent silver (Silzone) coating of the sewing cuff of St. Jude Medical prosthetic heart valves may reduce the rate of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). However, the incidence of paravalvular leaks and stroke in patients after implantation of Silzone-coated heart valve prostheses is largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Complications were analyzed among 126 consecutive patients (78 males, 48 females; mean age 64.7 years; range: 40-80 years) who received Silzone-coated prostheses at our institution between February 1998 and December 1999. Among patients, 94 had aortic valve replacement, 29 mitral valve replacement, and three had aortic and mitral valve replacement. Concomitant cardiac procedures (mainly coronary bypass) were performed in 47 patients (37.3%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospital mortality was 1.6% (2/126) and freedom from valve-related mortality 99.2+/-0.9%. Total follow up was 137.4 patient-years, and 98.4% complete. Strokes or transitory ischemic attacks (TIAs) occurred in four cases (two strokes, two TIAs; stroke rate 1.5%/year; 95% CI 0.4-2.6%/year; stroke+TIA rate 3%/year; 95% CI 0.4-5.25%/year). There was no case of prosthetic valve dysfunction or PVE. Freedom from reoperation due to procedure-associated complications was 97.6% (one aortic dissection, two major bleeds). Paravalvular leak was detected in 19 cases, and graded trivial or mild in 17 cases (11 grade 0-I, six grade I), and moderate in two cases (grade I-II in one, grade II in one). No patient needed reoperation due to paravalvular leak. Left ventricular (LV) function was normal in 80 cases, but was impaired mildly in 20 cases, moderately in 16, and severely in eight. Bicycle exercise testing in 92 patients (73%) showed median exercise performance (81.4+/-23.9% of normal) after correction for age and weight. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 64 patients (50.8%); median MRI score was 2.0+/-1.8 according to a 12-scaled score system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall incidence of echocardiographic paravalvular leak graded more than trivial or mild was low (1.6%) in patients followed for a mean of 1.1+/-0.5 years (range: 1-27 months) after valve replacement with Silzone-coated heart valve prostheses. No patient required reoperation due to paravalvular leak; moreover, the stroke rate (1.5%/year) was low in these patients. The present data indicated no significant disadvantages or higher rate of complications related to silver coating compared with other, non-silver-coated prostheses. Future investigation is needed to determine long-term outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care, General Hospital Wels, Austria.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berent
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Punzengruber
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lassnig
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puschmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartl
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012834:Silver; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012834:Silver