title: Therapeutic biliary endoscopy.
abstract: An analysis of the recent medical literature on therapeutic biliary endoscopy shows that the new millennium has already brought several significant developments. However, although advances continue rapidly, several new questions have also arisen, paving the way for further research. Several studies during the last year have also focused attention on cost-effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Department of Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutignani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Costamagna
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D015209:Cholangitis, Sclerosing / Q000601:surgery; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000628:therapy; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects