title: Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on growth of xenograft tumor and its metastasis in nude mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of all-trans retinoic acid on growth of xenograft tumor and its metastasis in nude mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human gastric cancer BGC-823 and MKN-45 cells were inoculated into spleen subcapsule of nude mice, respectively. The nude mice were subsequently administered with all-trans retinoic acid every other day. Food consuming and body weight of nude mice were measured weekly. Six weeks later, the nude mice were killed. Xenograft tumors in spleen and metastatic tumors in liver were pathologically examined. Microvessel density in the tumors was detected immunohistochemically, and serum carcinoembryonic antigen was measured by radioimmunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the nude mice were fed with all-trans retinoic acid, the growth of splenic tumor and its liver metastasis were inhibited and the metastatic rates decreased by 50% (BGC-823) and 33.3% (MKN-45), respectively. The microvessel density in splenic and hepatic tumors reduced by 28.58% and 35.47% (BGC-823), 19.45% and 14.52% (MKN-45), respectively. The concentration of carcinoembryonic antigen decreased by 50.24% (BGC-823) and 48.10% (MKN-45).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All-trans retinoic acid may effectively inhibit the growth of xenograft tumor in spleen and its metastasis to liver in nude mice, which can be corroborated by the decrease of carcinoembryonic antigen and microvessel density.
authors.affiliation: 174th Hospital of PLA, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000556:secondary*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D013160:Splenic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D014212:Tretinoin