title: Hoxa3 regulates integration of glossopharyngeal nerve precursor cells.
abstract: In vertebrates, certain Hox genes are known to control cellular identities along the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis in the developing hindbrain. In mouse Hoxa3 mutants, truncation of the glossopharyngeal (IXth) nerve or the fusion of the IXth and vagus (Xth) nerves was reported, although its underlying mechanism is largely unknown. To elucidate the mechanism of the IXth nerve defects, we reexamined the phenotype of Hoxa3 mutant embryos. In Hoxa3 mutants, we observed an abnormal caudal stream of the migrating Hoxa3-expressing neural crest cells at the prospective IXth nerve-forming area. Dorsomedial migration of the placode-derived neuronal precursor cells of the IXth nerve was also affected. Motor neurons at rhombomere 6 (r6), where those of the IXth nerve were positioned, often projected axons to the Xth nerve. In summary, the Hoxa3 gene has crucial roles in ensuring the correct axon projection pattern of all three components of the IXth nerve, i.e., motor neurons and sensory neurons of the proximal and distal ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watari
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kameda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeichi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chisaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005930:Glossopharyngeal Nerve / Q000166:cytology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C080331:Hoxa3 protein, mouse