title: Physical exercise prevents the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Psammomys obesus.
abstract: We hypothesized that exercise training might prevent diabetes mellitus in Psammomys obesus. Animals were assigned to three groups: high-energy diet (CH), high-energy diet and exercise (EH), and low-energy diet (CL). The EH group ran on a treadmill 5 days/wk, twice a day. After 4 wk, 93% of the CH group were diabetic compared with only 20% of the EH group. There was no difference in weight gain among the groups. Both EH and CH groups were hyperinsulinemic. Epididymal fat (% of body weight) was higher in the CH group than in either the EH and or the CL group. Protein kinase C (PKC)-delta activity and serine phosphorylation were higher in the EH group. No differences were found in tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase among the groups. We demonstrate for the first time that exercise training effectively prevents the progression of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Psammomys obesus. PKC-delta may be involved in the adaptive effects of exercise in skeletal muscles that lead to the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Heller Institute of Medical Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 52621, Israel.
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heled
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shani
authors.forename: Dani S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Langzam
authors.forename: Liora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Braiman
authors.forename: Sanford R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meyerovitch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005849:Gerbillinae / Q000502:physiology*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta