title: Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wild ducks along the Rio Grande River valley in southern New Mexico.
abstract: Fecal samples were taken from wild ducks on the lower Rio Grande River around Las Cruces, N. Mex., from September 2000 to January 2001. Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts were purified from 69 samples by sucrose enrichment followed by cesium chloride (CsCl) gradient centrifugation and were viewed via fluorescent-antibody (FA) staining. For some samples, recovered cysts and oocysts were further screened via PCR to determine the presence of Giardia lamblia and Crytosporidium parvum. The results of this study indicate that 49% of the ducks were carriers of Cryptosporidium, and the Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations ranged from 0 to 2,182 oocysts per g of feces (mean +/- standard deviation, 47.53 +/- 270.3 oocysts per g); also, 28% of the ducks were positive for Giardia, and the Giardia cyst concentrations ranged from 0 to 29,293 cysts per g of feces (mean +/- standard deviation, 436 +/- 3,525.4 cysts per g). Of the 69 samples, only 14 had (oo)cyst concentrations that were above the PCR detection limit. Samples did test positive for Cryptosporidium sp. However, C. parvum and G. lamblia were not detected in any of the 14 samples tested by PCR. Ducks on their southern migration through southern New Mexico were positive for Cryptosporidium and Giardia as determined by FA staining, but C. parvum and G. lamblia were not detected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Channah M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: Kevin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Oshima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004372:Ducks; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009516:New Mexico; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan