Anaerobic reductive dechlorination of chlorinated dioxins in estuarine sediments.
The biotransformation of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,4-tetraCDD) under anaerobic sulfate-reducing, methanogenic, and iron-reducing conditions was examined with anaerobic enrichment cultures established with sediment from an estuarine intertidal strait in the New York/New Jersey harbor. In addition, the effect of prior enrichment on 2-bromophenol or a mixture of 2-, 3-, and 4-bromophenol on dioxin dechlorination was examined. All enrichments were spiked with 1 ppm 1,2,3,4-tetraCDD and monitored by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for up to a 3-year period. Reductive dechlorination was initially observed only under methanogenic conditions in the cultures enriched on all three bromophenol isomers. 1,2,3,4-TetraCDD was dechlorinated in the lateral position to 1,2,4-triCDD. The initial appearance of 1,2,4-triCDD was observed after 2 months, with further dechlorination to 1,3-diCDD within 17 months.
Vargas
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Biotechnology Center for Agriculture and the Environment, Cook College, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08901, USA.
Fennell
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Häggblom
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D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004147:Dioxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D009515:New Jersey; D009518:New York; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical