title: Sacral reflexes normal values with monopolar short needle electrodes recording.
abstract: To reduce patients discomfort and improve reliability in pelvic floor neurophysiological studies we examined 28 normal subjects employing short monopolar electrodes. The technique proved to be reliable and less discomfort to the patient than the traditional concentric needle method. Data were tested for Gaussian distribution and tolerance limits for normality were assessed. Our data suggest that use of monopolar instead of concentric needle electrodes may be suitable for pelvic floor examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Desio Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Premoselli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Passerini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cerri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016011:Normal Distribution; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000294:innervation; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D012447:Sacrum / Q000294:innervation*