title: Serum sperm antibodies are not elevated after mumps orchitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the level of serum sperm antibodies after mumps orchitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four mumps orchitis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sampling of serum at different intervals after the onset of orchitis symptoms: 1 to 7 days, 31 to 60 days, and 61 to 431 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level of serum sperm antibodies, using Kibrick's gelatin agglutination test, Friberg's tray agglutination test, Isojima's sperm immobilization test, and ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinically relevant sperm antibody values were detected by the Friberg method among patients tested from 1 to 7 days (10.5%) and 61 to 431 days (10.5%) after the onset of disease. The Isojima test revealed a statistically insignificant higher incidence among patients at 61 to 431 days (31.6%) as compared with those sampled at 1 to 7 days (10.5%). None of the orchitis sera tested positive by the Kibrick and ELISA techniques. The established incidences did not differ significantly from the results for negative controls (blood donors) and were lower than the values acquired from positive controls (males with unexplained infertility).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mumps orchitis does not cause enhanced humoral immunity to spermatozoa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria. skalay@medfac.acad.bg
authors.forename: Svetoslav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalaydjiev
authors.forename: Dimitrina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dimitrova
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nenova
authors.forename: Siika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peneva
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dikov
authors.forename: Lyudmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nakov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000372:Agglutination Tests; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001782:Blood Donors; D002031:Bulgaria / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009107:Mumps / Q000150:complications*; D009920:Orchitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies