title: Induction of apoptosis by estramustine phosphate mediated by phosphorylation of bcl-2.
abstract: Estramustine phosphate (EMP) is an anti-microtubule agent that induces apoptosis of glioma cells. We investigated whether EMP caused apoptosis through the alkylating effect of its nitrogen mustard component or by phosphorylation of bcl-2 like other anti-microtubule agents in normal human astrocyte and human malignant glioma cell lines. Apoptosis was seen in glioma cells treated either with nitrogen mustard or EMP and expression of bcl-2 mRNA was not changed by exposure to the drug. An immunoprecipitation study only found phosphorylation bcl-2 in glioma cells exposed to EMP and not in cells exposed to nitrogen mustard. These results indicate that induction of apoptosis in glioma cells by EMP is mediated by phosphorylation of bcl-2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan. dyoshida@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noha
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugisaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teramoto
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D004961:Estramustine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008466:Mechlorethamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D004961:Estramustine; D008466:Mechlorethamine