title: Effective mood stabilization with a chelated mineral supplement: an open-label trial in bipolar disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine in open trials the therapeutic benefit of a nutritional supplement for bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 11 patients with DSM-IV-diagnosed bipolar disorder aged 19 to 46 years, who were taking a mean of 2.7 psychotropic medications each at study entry. Three additional patients dropped out prematurely. The intervention is a broad-based nutritional supplement of dietary nutrients, primarily chelated trace minerals and vitamins, administered in high doses. At study entry and periodically thereafter, patients were assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For those who completed the minimum 6-month open trial, symptom reduction ranged from 55% to 66% on the outcome measures; need for psychotropic medications decreased by more than 50%. Paired t tests revealed treatment benefit on all measures for patients completing the trial: HAM-D mean score at entry = 19.0, mean score at last visit = 5.4, t = 5.59, df = 9, p < 01; BPRS mean score at entry = 35.3, mean score at last visit = 7.4, t = 2.57, df = 9, p <.05; YMRS mean score at entry = 15.1, mean score at last visit = 6.0, t = 4.11, df = 9, p < .01. The effect size for the intervention was large (> .80) for each measure. The number of psychotropic medications decreased significantly to a mean +/- SD of 1.0+/-1.1 (t = 3.54, df = 10, p < .01). In some cases, the supplement replaced psychotropic medications and the patients remained well. The only reported side effect (i.e., nausea) was infrequent, minor, and transitory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some cases of bipolar illness may be ameliorated by nutritional supplementation. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in adults with bipolar I disorder is currently underway, as well as open trials in children.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Canada. kaplan@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ferre
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: McMullen
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins