title: Relative motion of a mobile bearing inlay after total knee arthroplasty--dynamic in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to measure the in vitro range of motion of a mobile bearing inlay knee prosthesis under dynamic isokinetic loading conditions. Additionally, the effect on the range of motion of rotational malalignment of the tibia baseplate was determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens with implanted knee prostheses were mounted onto a custom built knee simulator. 3-D inlay movement was measured by an ultrasonic tracking system.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  More recent knee prostheses include mobile bearing inlays type designs. These systems are intended to allow higher conformity of the tibiofemoral joint and thereby decrease contact stress without decreasing the knee's range of motion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dynamic testing in the knee simulator mimicked both the speed and resulting moment of a knee isokinetic extension test. The tibia baseplate was first implanted with no rotational malalignment, followed by sequential internal and external rotation of upto 15 degrees.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correctly aligned, the inlay center moved 3.5 mm (SD, 1.5 mm) posterior during extension. With the tibia baseplate externally rotated more than 10 degrees the movement pattern changed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At up to 10 degrees of rotational malalignment the primary motion pattern of the mobile bearing is maintained. However, beyond 10 degrees unintended motion may occur.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These test results correlate to radiographic measurements of in vivo movements of mobile bearing inlays showing "paradoxical" movement of the mobile inlay compared to physiologic meniscal movement.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedics Department, Hannover Medical School, Heimchenstr. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stukenborg-Colsman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ostermeier
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wenger
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wirth
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012399:Rotation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013977:Tibia / Q000502:physiology*; D014465:Ultrasonics; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology