Dependence of papanicolaou gradings of exfoliated urothelial cells upon GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism in benzidine-exposed workers of the Shanghai dye industry.
The distribution of the polymorphic alleles of the genes coding for glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) M1 and T1 was compared with the results of cytological grading of exfoliated urothelial cells (Pap test) in a non-diseased high-risk group of workers formerly exposed to benzidine in the Shanghai dyestuff industry (n = 317). All subjects were genotyped for GSTT1 and M1 gene polymorphism by allele-specific PCR. Individuals were stratified according to their job and duration of exposure. A subgroup of 78 individuals with cytological gradings of grade III or higher in the Pap test showed a significant under-representation of the combination of GSTT1 0/0 and M1 0/0 genotypes compared with 238 subjects with a cytological classification lower than grade III (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.31-0.98. P=0.04). These results suggest that neither the GSTM1 0/0 or GSTT1 0/ 0 genotype alone nor their combination had a clear association with cytopathological changes in exfoliated urothelial cells from individuals previously exposed to benzidine in Shanghai. This contradicts the results of studies indicating that the GSTM1 0/0 genotype is associated with an increased risk for bladder cancer in the general population, mostly outside China.
Lin
G
G
Sino-German Laboratory of Toxicology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 225 Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China.
Ma
Q
Q
Chen
J
J
Shen
J
J
Xiang
C
C
Golka
K
K
Zhang
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001560:Benzidines / Q000633:toxicity*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002681:China; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012737:Sex Factors; D019459:Urothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears
D001560:Benzidines; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002273:Carcinogens; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C029876:benzidine; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1