title: Heart rate variability as a predictor of mortality in patients with AA and AL amyloidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with AA and AL amyloidosis have a limited life-expectancy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether heart rate variability can predict mortality in these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two recently diagnosed patients with AA and 23 patients with AL amyloidosis were included. Fifteen patients (5 AA, 10 AL) died within 1 year. Twenty-four hour Holter recording was performed to quantify the mean of all normal to normal RR-intervals (mean NN) and the standard deviation of all normal to normal RR-intervals (SDNN). The SDNN predicted 1-year mortality in the total group of patients with amyloidosis. The median SDNN was 73 ms. In patients with an SDNN < or =73 ms, the risk of dying within 1 year was found to have increased 3.5-fold (P=0.0036; 95% CI 1.1-11.0). An SDNN < or =50 ms, a predictor of mortality in other patient groups, increased the risk of dying within 1 year 22-fold (P=0.0001; 95% CI 5.4-90.4). In contrast to patients with AA amyloidosis, in the subgroup analysis of patients with AL amyloidosis the SDNN remained a predictive parameter (SDNN < or =50 ms: risk ratio 11.5, 95% CI 2.4-56.2, P=0.0025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SDNN is a strong predictor of short-term mortality in patients with AL amyloidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A K L
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Reyners
authors.forename: B P C
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hazenberg
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Reitsma
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Smit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein