title: Late clinical manifestation of cerebral tuberculomas in two children with tuberculous meningoencephalitis.
abstract: We report on two children with cerebral tuberculomas leading to late dramatic clinical exacerbation after appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy and high-dose corticosteroids. A 6-year-old girl with tuberculous meningoencephalitis initially fully recovered. However, after 9 months of continuous therapy she presented with acute increased intracranial pressure caused by tuberculomas requiring rapid drainage of CSF. A 16-year-old boy with miliary pulmonary tuberculosis and severe meningoencephalitis had reached a stable condition for more than 10 months although still suffering from a left-dominant spasticity and motor dysphasia. Fifteen months after initiation of therapy he presented with an acute central paralysis of the left facial nerve, progressive hemiplegia, severe ataxia and increasing lethargy caused by a cerebral tuberculoma with a perifocal oedema. Prolonged treatment with antituberculous chemotherapy and high-dose corticosteroids led to complete recovery in the younger patient and marked improvement in the older patient who remains severely handicapped.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with initially successful treatment of central nervous system tuberculosis should undergo an alert follow-up for the development of late cerebral tuberculomas. Treatment should consist of prolonged courses of antituberculous chemotherapy and high-dose corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany. claudia.rolinck-werninghaus@charite.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rolinck-Werninghaus
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kötz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Magdorf
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bunikowski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Staab
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016862:Tuberculoma, Intracranial / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014390:Tuberculosis, Meningeal / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents