title: Anal intraepithelial dysplasia and squamous carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a treatment and follow-up protocol for HIV patients with anal dysplasia or warts, which are at risk of malignant change.
  
  
  METHODS
  An ongoing study of highly selected patients referred to a single surgeon.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Colorectal and HIV/AIDS Clinics, University of Ottawa, General Campus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninteen young men who presented with suspicious anal lesions and were referred to the Colorectal Clinic by the HIV/AIDS Clinic, which sees approximately 800 patients per year.
  
  
  METHODS
  Significance of dysplasia or carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 19 patients, 14 had dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ or invasive carcinoma. All were treated with multiple mapped cold biopsies and local or wide excision as indicated. Two patients with invasive carcinoma received radiotherapy or chemotherapy, or both.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of dysplasia or the sequence by which dysplasia progresses to invasive carcinoma is unknown. Surveillance of HIV patients, especially those with nodules or warts, by flexible sigmoidoscopy and Papanicolaou smears every 3 to 12 months is recommended, depending on the severity of the anal lesion.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ont.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotlarewsky
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Grimard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014860:Warts / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy