title: Infant mental health and variability of parental depression symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the course of mothers' depression symptoms in association with child and family functioning beyond that explained by diagnostic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal high-risk design with 16 months of course-of-illness follow-up was used. Structured clinical and family interviews, direct observation of child social-emotional competence, and parent reports of child behavior problems were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parameters of maternal symptom patterns across time were associated with child and family functioning. Most of these effects remained when presence/absence of major depression diagnosis was covaried.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The trajectory of symptoms over time is important to consider in studies of children at risk and may also help to inform how illness in infancy and early childhood is conceptualized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University School of Medicine and E. P Bradley Hospital, Providence, RI 02915, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seifer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dickstein
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sameroff
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Hayden
mesh_terms: D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012938:Social Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires