Recruitment of dendritic cells to the cerebrospinal fluid in bacterial neuroinfections.
Dendritic cells (DC) accumulate in the CNS during inflammation and may contribute to local immune responses. Two DC subsets present in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are probably recruited from myeloid (CD11c(+)CD123(dim)) and plasmacytoid (CD11c(-)CD123(high)) blood DC. In bacterial meningitis and especially in Lyme meningoencephalitis, numbers of myeloid and plasmacytoid DC in CSF were increased, compared to non-inflammatory neurological diseases, and correlated with chemotactic activity of CSF for immature monocyte-derived DC (moDC). Multiple DC chemoattractants, including macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, MCP-3, RANTES and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha were elevated in CSF in these two neuroinfections. Chemotaxis of immature moDC induced by these CSFs could be partially inhibited by mAbs against CXCR4, the receptor for SDF-1alpha, and CD88, the receptor for C5a. SDF-1alpha present in CSF also chemoattracted mature moDC, which in vivo could correspond to a diminished migration of antigen-bearing DC from the CSF to secondary lymphoid organs. Regulation of DC trafficking to and from the CSF may represent a mechanism of controlling the CNS inflammation.
Pashenkov
Mikhail
M
Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital R54, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden. Mikhail.Pashenkov@neurotec.ki.se
Teleshova
Natalia
N
Kouwenhoven
Mathilde
M
Smirnova
Tatiana
T
Jin
Ya Ping
YP
Kostulas
Vasilios
V
Huang
Yu Min
YM
Pinegin
Boris
B
Boiko
Alexey
A
Link
Hans
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016207:Cytokines; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020852:Lyme Neuroborreliosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
C515450:CCL7 protein, human; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins