title: Nutrient intakes as predictors of body weight in European people with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Overweight and obesity are also found among persons with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined which nutrients predict the body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the waist circumference (WC) of European persons with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, clinic-based study (EURODIAB Complications Study).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nutrient intakes (assessed by a 3-day dietary record) predicting measures of body weight (BMI, WHR and WC) were determined by stepwise forward regression analysis in 1458 males and 1410 females with type 1 diabetes (P< or =0.05 for inclusion).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In men, a higher carbohydrate intake was a significant independent predictor for lower levels of BMI, WHR and WC, an increased saturated fat intake and a lower intake of cereal fibre predicted a higher WHR, a higher monounsaturated fat intake and a lower glycaemic index of the diet determined lower levels of WHR and WC, and a moderate consumption of alcohol determined an increased WC. In women, a higher carbohydrate intake predicted a lower BMI and a thinner WC, no alcohol consumption determined a lower BMI, and an increased intake of saturated fat and a lower consumption of cereal fibre were significant independent predictors for a higher WHR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A modified fat intake, an increase of carbohydrate and cereal fibre intake and a preferred consumption of low glycaemic index foods are independently related to lower measures of body weight in European persons with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department, German Diabetes Research Institute at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany. toeller@ddfi.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toeller
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Buyken
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heitkamp
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cathelineau
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferriss
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition; D001824:Body Constitution; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D015930:Diet Records; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber