title: Application of 4-hydroxyantipyrine and acetaminophen O-sulfate as biodistribution promoter.
abstract: The effects of 4-hydroxyantipyrine (4-OH), a major metabolite of antipyrine and its sulfate, 4-hydroxyantipyrine O-sulfate (4-S), on the pharmacokinetics of citicoline and thiopental sodium were investigated in rats. The concomitant use of 4-OH increased significantly the tissue-to-plasma concentration ratio (Kp) of citicoline in the brain and liver and that of thiopental sodium in the brain, liver, and heart, while 4-S did not affect them. The permeability clearance of blood-brain barrier (BBB) (Kin) and the total distribution volume (Vdbr) of citicoline were not affected by either 4-OH or 4-S. However, those of thiopental sodium were significantly increased by not only 4-OH but also by 4-S. On the other hand, the plasma concentration of antipyrine was significantly decreased by the intravenous bolus coadministration of N-acetyl-p-aminophenyl O-sulfate (APAPS) at steady-state plasma concentration of antipyrine. A similar reduction was not observed with the intravenous coadministration of acetaminophen (APAP). The Kp value of antipyrine was significantly increased in the brain by the coadministration of APAPS, but was not affected by APAP. The increment in the drug distribution to the brain with the concomitant use of 4-OH (or APAPS) observed in this study is useful information for the application of drug combinations as biodistribution promoters.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurumi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurosaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013874:Thiopental / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D018697:Nootropic Agents; C007983:4-hydroxyantipyrine; D000082:Acetaminophen; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D013874:Thiopental; D000983:Antipyrine