title: [Immunohistochemical study of vascular endothelial growth factor, relative receptors and ligands in vascular endothelial cells of cerebral arteriovenous malformation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study morphologically the formation, growth and rupture of cerebral arterivenous malformation (CAVM).
  
  
  METHODS
  By means of immunostaining we studied vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Tie-1, Tie-2, Ang-1, Ang-2 in endothelial cells (EC) of CAVM (30 specimens) and control cortical vessel (7 specimens) in the temporal lobe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of VEGF in EC of CAVM was -884, +1,819, + +424 and in controls -445, +29, + +10. The expression of Tie-1 in EC of CAVM was -2,252, +626, + +12 and in controls -421, +88, + +6. The expression of Tie-2 in EC of CAVM was -683, +1,908, + 8 and in controls -444, +64, + +7. The expression of Ang-1 in EC of CAVM was -2,215, +209, + +41 and in controls -487, +41, + +9. The expression of Ang-2 in EC of CAVM was -956, +2,099, + +135 and in controls -475, , + +9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up-regulated VEGF in part of brain and Tie-2, Ang-2 high expression in EC of some vessels may be one of major factors for CAVM formation growth, and rupture in the embryonic period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis*; D042810:Receptor, TIE-1; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis*; D042764:Receptors, TIE; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D042810:Receptor, TIE-1; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D042764:Receptors, TIE