title: Multipotent neural stem cells reside into the rostral extension and olfactory bulb of adult rodents.
abstract: The lateral walls of the forebrain lateral ventricles are the richest source of stem cells in the adult mammalian brain. These stem cells give rise to new olfactory neurons that are renewed throughout life. The neurons originate in the subventricular zone (SVZ), migrate within the rostral extension (RE) of the SVZ along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) within tube-like structures formed of glial cells, to eventually reach the olfactory bulb (OB). We demonstrate that, contrary to the current view, multipotential (neuronal-astroglial-oligodendroglial) precursors with stem cell features can be isolated not only from the SVZ but also from the entire RE, including the distal portion within the OB. Specifically, these stem cells do not derive from the migratory neuroblasts coming from the SVZ. Interestingly, stem cells isolated from the proximal RE generate significantly more oligodendrocytes, and those from the distal RE proliferate significantly more slowly than stem cells derived from the SVZ and other RE regions. These findings demonstrate that stem cells are not confined to the forebrain periventricular region and indicate that stem cells endowed with different functional characteristics occur at different levels of the SVZ-RE pathway.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biotechnology, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy. gritti.angela@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gritti
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doetsch
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caille
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Buylla
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Jose Manuel Garcia
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Verdugo
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: Angelo L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vescovi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line / Q000166:cytology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology; D010641:Phenotype; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents