Contributions of imagery ability to stress and relaxation.
This study examined the contribution of imagery ability to psychological and physiological responses to stress and relaxation. Individuals (N = 176) participated in two study sessions. In the first session, participants completed the Creative Imagination Scale and were block-randomized to a stress or relaxation condition based on imaging scores. During the second session, stress and mood were assessed before and after participants watched a stressful movie or listened to a relaxation tape. Finger temperature was monitored during the interventions. Changes in temperature and in self-reports of stress and mood indicated that the manipulations were effective. In comparison to low imagers, high imagers reported greater stress after the movie and less stress and negative affect after the relaxation tape. Imagery ability predicted neither levels of negative affect following the stress condition nor changes in positive affect or temperature during the interventions. In the stress condition, expectations of stress partially mediated the relation between imagery ability andpsychological stress. In contrast, expectations of relaxation did not significantly predict responses to the relaxation intervention. These findings suggest that imagery ability is related to greater subjective responses to both stress and relaxation and that, in stressful situations, expectancies may account for some of the effects of imagery ability on perceived stress.
Johnsen
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Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA. erica-johnsen@uiowa.edu
Lutgendorf
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012063:Relaxation / Q000523:psychology*; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology