title: Effect and safety of 17 beta-estradiol vaginal tablet in postmenopausal women with urogenital symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of a 17 beta-estradiol vaginal tablet on urogenital symptoms, vaginal pH, vaginal cytology, endometrial thickness, and plasma estradiol level in postmenopausal women with urogenital symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven postmenopausal women with urogenital symptoms received 25 microg of a 17 beta-estradiol tablet intravaginally daily for the first 2 weeks, followed by 10 weeks of twice a week dosage. The results of urogenital symptoms, vaginal pH, vaginal cytology, endometrial thickness, and plasma estradiol level were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The urogenital symptoms improved significantly in all women. The mean vaginal pH was significantly decreased. The vaginal cytology showed estrogenic effect on the karyopyknotic index and the maturation value. There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness and level of plasma estradiol before and after treatment. There was one case of vaginal bleeding from endometrial proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local vaginal treatment of 17 beta-estradiol (25 microg) had a positive effect on the urogenital symptoms, vaginal pH, and vaginal cytology. No elevation of plasma estradiol level was detected after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manonai
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Theppisai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chittacharoen
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D052776:Female Urogenital Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol