title: Lip augmentation with superficial musculoaponeurotic system grafts: report of 103 cases.
abstract: Many patients suitable for a lip augmentation are of face lift age, and could benefit from a simultaneous lip enhancement during the rhytidectomy procedure. The healthy, live superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) tissue obtained from the face lift can be recycled and grafted with minimal additional operating time. From April of 1995 to January of 2000, 103 patients (99 women and four men) underwent a lip augmentation procedure by the senior author (N.L.) using SMAS grafts harvested from a simultaneous rhytidectomy. Indications for surgery were purely aesthetic in all 103 cases. The surgical technique used for the SMAS graft lip augmentation is as follows: Using a narrow tenotomy scissors, an intramuscular tunnel was created with blunt and sharp dissection across the lip. The graft, obtained from the posterior edge of the SMAS dissection, is left as long as possible, and is pulled through the tunnel with a tendon forceps. The lips are then stretched manually from the central point upward and downward, respectively. It is important to avoid suturing the ends of the graft into the closure; the grafts should be allowed to move freely, to avoid postoperative tethering on smiling or mouth opening. Most patients expressed some initial concern with their early appearances caused mainly by the swelling. By 2 weeks, most patients were extremely pleased with the size and shape, and their main concern was that the lip fullness would shrink even more. By 3 to 4 weeks, shrinkage largely ceased and the correction remained for varying periods, some as long as 5 years. A sampling of the results was obtained by means of a questionnaire mailed to all patients having undergone the SMAS graft lip augmentation. Fifty-four patients (52 percent) returned the questionnaire with their responses. Of those who responded to the survey, 42 patients (78 percent) reported fuller lips than before their operation. Significantly, 11 of 14 patients (79 percent) followed up after 24 months postoperatively reported fuller lips and excellent or good results. Complications and unsatisfactory results were very rare, occurring generally at the beginning of the learning curve of the series.SMAS grafts are useful for long-lasting lip augmentation, producing a youthful appearance by adding natural, soft roundness and fullness to lips without the artificial look and feel of synthetic material.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. norman@pacificnet.net
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leaf
authors.forename: Jimmy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Firouz
mesh_terms: D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015361:Rhytidoplasty