title: Polyglutamine expansion, protein aggregation, proteasome activity, and neural survival.
abstract: Huntington's disease (HD) is one of eight established triplet repeat neurodegenerative disorders, which are collectively caused by the genetic expansion of polyglutamine repeats. While the mechanism(s) by which polyglutamine expansion causes neurodegeneration in each of these disorders is being intensely investigated, the underlying cause of polyglutamine toxicity has not been fully elucidated. A number of studies have focused on the potential role of protein aggregation and disruption of the proteasome proteolytic pathway in polyglutamine-mediated neurodegeneration. However, at present it is not clear whether polyglutamine-mediated protein aggregation is sufficient to induce cell death, nor has it been clearly determined whether proteasome inhibition precedes, coincides, or occurs as the result of the formation of polyglutamine-associated protein aggregation. To address these important components of polyglutamine toxicity, in the present study we utilized neural SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with polyglutamine-green fluorescent protein constructs to examine the effects of polyglutamine expansion on protein aggregation, proteasome activity, and neural cell survival. Data from the present study demonstrate that polyglutamine expansion does not dramatically impair proteasome activity or elevate protein aggregate formation under basal conditions, but does significantly impair the ability of the proteasome to respond to stress, and increases stress-induced protein aggregation following stress, all in the absence of neural cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA.
authors.forename: Qunxing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Strum
authors.forename: Edgardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dimayuga
authors.forename: Annadora J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bruce-Keller
authors.forename: Jay C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Jeffrey N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010455:Peptides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C097188:polyglutamine; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex