title: Gynecological procedures under gasless laparoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate gasless laparoscopy in treating gynecological conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  With Kirschner wire lifting, transversely or longitudinally introduced into abdominal wall subcutaneously, we exposed the operative field and pelvic organs with routine operative instruments under epidural anesthesia. When a dense pelvic adhesion was confronted, we used the temporarily low-pressured pneumolaparoscopy to dissect it.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were carried out without organ injury, hematoma, or other complications. The operative field can be clearly seen with this method. The mean time for appendagectomy was one hour and for laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy 80 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gasless laparoscopy avoids the complications which occur in the routine laparoscopy such as subcutaneous or mediastinal pneumatoma, hypercarbonemia, air embolism, cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Our lifting method is simple, convenient, time and money saving, as well as more flexible for treating gynecological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anzhen Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*