title: Intravesical immunotoxin as adjuvant therapy to prevent the recurrence of bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the intravesical application of immunotoxin as adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence after tumor resection in bladder cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  An anti-human immunotoxin against bladder carcinoma, BDI-1-RT, was prepared and its in vitro targeting cytotoxicity estimated. The immunoreactivity of BDI-1-RT with human bladder cancer tissue of different grades and stages was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. After safety test, intravesical administration of BDI-1-RT was performed in 31 patients while mitomycin C (MMC) was used in 36 patients serving as a control group. The recurrence rates and side effects in both groups were recorded. In addition, the development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) was determined by ELISA, to assess the potential safety of this immunotoxin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our study, BDI-1-RT had immunoreactivity with 81.6% of bladder transitional cell carcinomas. The immunoreactivity of BDI-1-RT correlated with tumor grade. High-grade carcinoma had stronger staining than low-grade (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the BDI-1-RT group (10%) and MMC group (19.3%) in recurrence rate (P > 0.05). Side effects, including systemic and local, were more frequent in the MMC group (11 of 36 patients versus 2 of 31, P < 0.05). HAMA was not detected in any of 7 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunotoxin may have considerable potential in the prophylaxis of bladder transition cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical College, Kunming 650101, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000922:Immunotoxins; D016685:Mitomycin