title: Shielded Heavy-Ion Environment Linear Detector (SHIELD): an experiment for the Radiation and Technology Demonstration (RTD) Mission.
abstract: Radiological assessment of the many cosmic ion species of widely distributed energies requires the use of theoretical transport models to accurately describe diverse physical processes related to nuclear reactions in spacecraft structures, planetary atmospheres and surfaces, and tissues. Heavy-ion transport models that were designed to characterize shielded radiation fields have been validated through comparison with data from thick-target irradiation experiments at particle accelerators. With the RTD Mission comes a unique opportunity to validate existing radiation transport models and guide the development of tools for shield design. For the first time, transport properties will be measured in free-space to characterize the shielding effectiveness of materials that are likely to be aboard interplanetary space missions. Target materials composed of aluminum, advanced composite spacecraft structure and other shielding materials, helium (a propellant) and tissue equivalent matrices will be evaluated. Large solid state detectors will provide kinetic energy and charge identification for incident heavy-ions and for secondary ions created in the target material. Transport calculations using the HZETRN model suggest that 8 g cm -2 thick targets would be adequate to evaluate the shielding effectiveness during solar minimum activity conditions for a period of 30 days or more.
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda University, c/o SN-3 NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shavers
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Cucinotta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeitlin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heilbronn
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Singleterry
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D020450:Heavy Ions; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011835:Radiation Protection; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation*