Pearls and pitfalls in the approach to patients with neurotoxic syndromes.
Neurotoxins are an important cause of neurologic disorders. A vast number of potentially neurotoxic compounds exist, including prescription drugs, illicit substances, and exposures through the workplace, residence, hobbies, and the environment. Effects of neurotoxins can mimic neurologic illnesses; therefore, it is important to consider neurotoxins in the differential diagnosis of any patient with neurological dysfunction. Paramount to the diagnosis of a possible neurotoxic syndrome is establishing causation. This can be done by a systematic approach utilizing principles in epidemiology and applying them to the individual patient. This approach is discussed in the following article in an attempt to bring structure to solving problems in a complex area of medicine.
Rusyniak
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Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2856, USA.
D000328:Adult; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001729:Bismuth / Q000506:poisoning; D001906:Botulism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002249:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D000075322:Heavy Metal Poisoning; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012997:Solvents / Q000506:poisoning; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D013793:Thallium / Q000506:poisoning; D014050:Toluene / Q000506:poisoning
D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D012997:Solvents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D014050:Toluene; D013793:Thallium; D001729:Bismuth