title: [Incipient gallbladder carcinoma. Clinical and pathological study and prognosis in 196 cases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is little information about the behavior of early gallbladder carcinoma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report the clinical and pathological features of 196 patients with early gallbladder carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with gallbladder cancer diagnosed between 1988 and 1997 were reviewed. In 703 of 829 patients, there was information about clinical features and follow up, and were included in this study. All gallbladders were subjected to a complete mapping. When neoplastic cells involved only the mucosa or muscular layer, the tumors were considered as early.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred ninety six patients had an early carcinoma (161 women, aged 57.5 years and 35 male, aged 63.4 years). One hundred twenty eight tumors were located in the mucosa and 68 in the muscular layer. Patients with tumors involving the mucosa were younger than those with tumors involving the muscular layer. All tumors were adenocarcinomas, 66% were well differentiated and 32% moderately differentiated. Tumors were not visible macroscopically in 132 cases. Five and 10 years survival was 92%. Subjects of less than 40 years old had a 100% survival at 5 years. A hepatic and lymph node resection was done in 12 patients with tumors infiltrating the muscular layer but in only one, the tumor infiltrated the liver. No difference in survival was observed when a simple cholecystectomy or radical surgery was done.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly 25% of gallbladder carcinomas can be classified as early and its diagnosis requires a directed study. Simple cholecystectomy is curative for this type of gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Servicio y Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Temuco, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Frontera. Iroa@ufro.cl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Roa
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: de Aretxabala
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Araya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villaseca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guzmán
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D016019:Survival Analysis
vernacular_title: Carcinoma incipiente de la vesícula biliar. Estudio clínico-patológico y pronóstico de 196 casos.