title: Link between Helicobacter pylori infection and iron-deficiency anaemia in patients with coeliac disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Iron-deficiency anaemia is a frequent finding in coeliac disease. Recent investigations have identified Helicobacter pylori infection as a factor responsible for iron deficiency. We investigated the potential relationship between H. pylori and iron-deficiency anaemia in patients with coeliac disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective observational cohort study on coeliac patients evaluated for iron-deficiency anaemia. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and biopsy specimens of duodenal and gastric mucosa were taken for histological examination and assessment of Helicobacter pylori status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial database was 386 subjects. Of these, 24 were excluded because of concomitant potential causes of iron deficiency. Of the 362 enrolled patients, H. pylori was detected in 77 (21%) subjects; of these 55 (71%) had iron-deficiency anaemia. Among the 285 H. pylori-negative subjects, 81 (28%) showed anaemia (P < 0.001). We did not find significant differences in gastric histological aspects between patients with or without iron deficiency anaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows a significant association between H. pylori infection and iron-deficiency anaemia in patients with coeliac disease. The discovery of iron-deficiency anaemia in coeliac subjects may constitute another indication for the diagnosis and treatment of this worldwide infection.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy. luciocuoco@tiscalinet.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cuoco
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cammarota
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jorizzo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santarelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cianci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montalto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasbarrini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gasbarrini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies