title: Method for qualifying microbial removal performance of 0.1 micron rated filters. Part III: bacterial challenge tests on 0.2/0.22 and 0.1 micron rated filter cartridges with Hydrogenophaga (formerly Pseudomonas) pseudoflava.
abstract: We have previously reported on the preliminary characterization of Hydrogenophaga (formerly Pseudomonas) pseudoflava for potential use as a standard challenge organism to qualify 0.1 microm rated filters. This article reports on the retention efficiencies of a large panel of 0.2/0.22 microm and 0.1 microm rated filter cartridges for H. pseudoflava (ATCC 700892) versus the retention capabilities of the same filters for Brevundimonas diminuta (ATCC 19146). A total of thirty-two 0.2/0.22 microm rated filter cartridges, spanning nine different "sterilizing grade" filter types from four different filter manufacturers, were challenged with H. pseudoflava at challenge levels exceeding 10(7) cfu/cm2. H. pseudoflava was shown to penetrate every 0.2/0.22 microm rated filter tested, with log titer reduction (LTR) values ranging from 3.5 to 7.7 logs. H. pseudoflava was shown to be more penetrative than B. diminuta under the same challenge conditions. B. diminuta was fully retained by nineteen of the twenty 0.2/0.22 microm rated filters that were challenged with both organisms. In the case of 0.1 microm rated filters, eighteen filter cartridges, spanning five different filter types from three manufacturers were tested. H. pseudoflava was consistently retained by four out of the five filter types tested, with LTR values in excess of 11.5 to 12.2 logs. The 0.1 microm rated filter type that was penetrated by H. pseudoflava has been previously demonstrated to be not fully retentive for naturally occurring bacteria. The data show that H. pseudoflava penetrates 0.2/0.22 microm rated filters just as readily as B. diminuta penetrates 0.45 microm rated filters. In addition, titer reductions provided by 0.2/0.22 microm rated filters for H. pseudoflava are comparable to those reported for A. laidlawii mycoplasma, albeit under different conditions. This study demonstrates that H. pseudoflava meets all criteria for use as a standard organism for qualifying the microbial removal performance of 0.1 microm rated filters for enhanced sterility assurance.
authors.affiliation: Pall Corporation, Scientific and Laboratory Services Department, Port Washington, NY, USA. Sri_Sundaram@pall.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundaram
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eisenhuth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brandwein
mesh_terms: D000127:Acholeplasma / Q000502:physiology; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D016934:Caulobacter / Q000502:physiology; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003470:Culture Media; D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D008851:Micropore Filters; D009757:Nylons; D011145:Polyvinyls; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000379:methods*; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D003470:Culture Media; D009757:Nylons; D011145:Polyvinyls; C024865:polyvinylidene fluoride; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers; C005062:acetylcellulose