title: Prevalence of aneuploidy and additional anatomic abnormalities in fetuses and neonates with cleft lip with or without cleft palate: a population-based study in Utah.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of aneuploidy and additional major anatomic abnormalities in fetuses and neonates with cleft lip with or without cleft palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  All cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cleft lip/cleft palate) occurring in Utah from 1995 through 1999 were reviewed by using the Utah Birth Defect Network population-based surveillance system. All pregnancy outcomes are included (stillborn, live born, and termination) in this analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 263 cases of cleft lip/cleft palate, 72 (27.4%) were unilateral cleft lip, 112 (42.6%) were unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, 12 (4.6%) were bilateral cleft lip, and 67 (25.5%) were bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate. Fifteen (5.7%) of the 263 fetuses and neonates were aneuploid. One (1.2%) with cleft lip (unilateral and bilateral combined) was aneuploid. Five (4.5%) of the fetuses and neonates with unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate were aneuploid compared with 9 (13.4%) of fetuses and neonates with bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate. In known or presumed euploid fetuses and neonates, additional sonographically occult major anatomic abnormalities occurred in 5 (7.0%) of 71 with unilateral cleft lip, 18 (16.8%) of 107 with unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, 1 (8.3%) of 12 with bilateral cleft lip, and 12 (20.7%) of 58 with bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate. These abnormalities primarily involved the heart and the central nervous system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amniocentesis for karyotype should be offered in all cases of cleft lip/cleft palate because of the risk of aneuploidy. Patients should be counseled that sonographically occult additional anatomic abnormalities might be present with all clefts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Babcook
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Feldkamp
mesh_terms: D000649:Amniocentesis; D000782:Aneuploidy; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014589:Utah / Q000453:epidemiology