title: Immediate and delayed effects of risperidone on cerebral metabolism in neuroleptic naïve schizophrenic patients: correlations with symptom change.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different symptom patterns have been shown to be associated with specific patterns of cerebral metabolic activity in schizophrenia. Treatment with various neuroleptic drugs results in decreased metabolism in frontal cortical regions. The temporal and regional relation between changes in metabolism and symptom improvement after treatment with risperidone was studied in eight previously unmedicated schizophrenic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cerebral metabolic activity was measured using PET before neuroleptic exposure, after the first dose of risperidone, and after 6 weeks of treatment. Pearson correlations were calculated for regions of significant change in metabolism and symptom change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 weeks of treatment significant deactivations were seen in the left lateral cortical frontal region and medial frontal cortex. Significant changes were detectable in the medial frontal region 90 minutes after the first dose of risperidone. Patients with higher baseline activity in the identified medial frontal cluster had higher baseline positive symptom scores and reduction in medial frontal metabolism was correlated with reduction in positive symptom score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evidence suggests that the reduction in medial-frontal activity after treatment with risperidone is a direct effect of risperidone and not a consequence of symptom improvement. Reduction of medial frontal metabolism may be one of the physiological mechanisms by which risperidone alleviates symptoms of psychosis in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada. ngan@interchange.ubc.ca
authors.forename: E T C
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Ngan
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ruth
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Liddle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D018967:Risperidone