title: Effects of acute hormone therapy on recurrent ischemia in postmenopausal women with unstable angina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether acute hormone therapy reduces ambulatory electrocardiographic ischemia in postmenopausal (PMP) women with unstable angina (UA).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of UA. Acute estrogen administration improves endothelial function in PMP women with coronary artery disease and increases coronary artery blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred ninety-three PMP women with UA (mean age 69.7 years), treated with standard anti-ischemic therapy, were enrolled within 24 h of symptom onset. In a double-blind fashion, subjects were randomized to receive intravenous followed by oral conjugated estrogen for 21 days, intravenous estrogen followed by oral conjugated estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone for 21 days or placebo. The primary end point was the number of ambulatory electrocardiographic ischemic events over the first 48 h. Clinical events were also determined over six months of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electrocardiographic ischemia did not differ among the three randomized groups. The mean number of ischemic events per patient over 48 h was 0.74 for estrogen, 0.86 for estrogen plus progesterone and 0.74 for the placebo groups (p = 0.87). The percentage of patients with ischemic events and the mean duration of ischemia did not differ between hormone- and placebo-treated patients. In-hospital and six-month rates of adverse clinical events were also similar among the three randomized groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute hormone therapy does not reduce ischemia in PMP women with UA when added to standard anti-ischemic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. SSCHULM@JHMI.edu
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Schulman
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thiemann
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Nisha C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Schulman
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terrin
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: Cicero Piva
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: de Albuquerque
authors.forename: Raymond D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bahr
authors.forename: Susan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cosgriff
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerstenblith
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone