title: Which contraceptive methods are recommended for young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus? A survey among gynaecologists in Greece.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 1 diabetes mellitus is common in Europeans. Optimal glucometabolic control at conception and during early pregnancy is necessary to reduce the risk of early miscarriage and congenital malformations. Safe and effective contraceptive methods are essential for these women in order to have a "planned pregnancy" under optimal conditions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To find out which recommendations Greek gynaecologists give to young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with respect to contraception. To regard the experience of Greek gynaecologists in counselling with women. To compare the Greek gynaecologists with German gynaecologists in a previously published similar survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A structured questionnaire containing questions about attitude, health care and contraception in young women with type 1 diabetes was given to 400 Greek gynaecologists working in Athens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 70 (17.5%) of the Greek gynaecologists returned the questionnaire. Condoms were the preferred recommendation as contraceptive method for young women with diabetes mellitus type 1 in 64%. About 57% of the gynaecologists recommended this type of contraception as first line contraceptives for young women with diabetes type 1 who smoke. The two most important criteria for selection of a contraceptive method for Greek gynaecologists were the safety and the diabetes specific problems. The Greek gynaecologists had only limited experience in regard to counselling and treating young and adolescent women with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no consensus with respect to contraception among Greek gynaecologists. This is similar to our previous findings in a survey involving German gynaecologists. Practical experience in counselling and treating adolescent and young women with type 1 diabetes was limited among the gynaecologists who participated in this study. Working out proper recommendations for contraception crucial for optimal medical care for type 1 diabetic women in Europe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Klinikstr. 32, 35385, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manolopoulos
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiess
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Braems
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deligeoroglou
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Creatsas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michalas
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods*; D003273:Contraceptive Devices; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D000075202:Contraindications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006176:Gynecology; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal