title: Natural killer cell activity in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDRTB), a major problem in developing countries, may result from either insufficiency of host cellular immune response or mycobacterial mechanisms which has been more intensively investigated so far.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate natural killer cell activity (NKA) and T lymphocyte subsets in HIV- patients with secondary MDRTB.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 male patients with MDRTB (mean age 38 +/- 8 years), 15 nonresistant tuberculosis male patients (NRTB) (mean age 36 +/- 11 years) and 12 healthy male controls (mean age 35 +/- 8 years) were included. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, CD11b+ and CD16+56+ cells were measured by flow-cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). NKA was evaluated using the anticandidal index method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean tuberculin response was higher in MDRTB and NRTB patients compared to controls (15.4 +/- 3.8, 15.1 +/- 3.3 and 10.9 +/- 2.8 mm, respectively; p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between PPD response and PBL subsets or NKA. The percentages of both CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in MDRTB (62.4 +/- 12.1 and 33.9 +/- 9.0%) compared to NRTB (70.8 +/- 7.5 and 42.9 +/- 8.6%; p < 0.05). Patients with MDRTB had significantly lower NKA compared to NRTB and controls (30.9 +/- 11.3, 49.7 +/- 15.5 and 40.0 +/- 8.5%, respectively; p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This reduction in NKA may suggest a role for impaired NK function in the pathogenesis of MDRTB in HIV- patients.
authors.affiliation: Yedikule Hospital of Chest Disease, Istanbul, Turkey. pinary70@hotmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kadakal
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tütüncü
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deniz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gürel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adin
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural; D008297:Male; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000276:immunology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000276:immunology*