title: Value of positron emission tomography with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose in patients with colorectal liver metastases: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess prospectively the value of fluor-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), in addition to conventional diagnostic methods (CDM), as a staging modality in candidates for resection of colorectal liver metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 51 patients analyzed for resection of colorectal liver metastases, clinical management decisions were recorded after a complete work-up with CDM. Afterward, FDG-PET scans were performed and any change of clinical management according to FDG-PET results was carefully documented. Discordances between FDG-PET and CDM results were identified and related to the final diagnosis by histopathology, intraoperative findings, and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 10 (20%) out of 51 patients, clinical management decisions based on CDM were changed after FDG-PET findings were known. FDG-PET detected unresectable pulmonary (n = 5) and hepatic metastases (n = 1) and ruled out extrahepatic (n = 2) and hepatic disease (n = 2). Due to FDG-PET, eight patients were spared unwarranted liver resection or laparotomy and two other patients were identified as candidates for liver resection. When the results of FDG-PET were regarded as decisive in a retrospective analysis, potential change of management was 29% (15 patients). FDG-PET and CDM showed discordant extrahepatic results in 11 patients (22%) and discordant hepatic results in eight patients (16%). Compared with CDM, FDG-PET resulted in true upstaging (n = 11), true downstaging (n = 5), false upstaging (n = 1), and false downstaging (n = 2). The detection rate of liver metastases on a lesion basis was generally better for computed tomography than for FDG-PET (80% v 65%); this was related to tumor size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG-PET as a complementary staging method improves the therapeutic management of patients with colorectal liver metastases, especially by detecting unsuspected extrahepatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. t.ruers@heel.azn.nl
authors.forename: T J M
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ruers
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Langenhoff
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neeleman
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strijk
authors.forename: Th
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wobbes
authors.forename: F H M
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Corstens
authors.forename: W J G
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Oyen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D003657:Decision Making; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18