title: Stain removal efficacy of two new fluoride dentifrices containing essential oils.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess in vitro the stain removal efficacy of two new antiplaque/antigingivitis dentifrices utilizing a modification of a previously validated Stookey method.
  
  
  METHODS
  The modifications to the original Stookey method are the following: (1) study design; three 5 x 5 Latin Squares were employed to minimize bias stemming from position or test run in the study. (2) statistical success criteria; a test formulation was judged to be effective if the lower one-sided 95% confidence limit was "equal to or higher than" 50 since a minimum PCR (pellicle cleaning ratio) score of 50 is needed for a dentifrice to show clinical efficacy. The two test dentifrice formulations contained a fluoride source, a silica abrasive system, and four essential oils. The ADA reference abrasive material (calcium pyrophosphate) and placebo toothpaste were included as positive and negative controls, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the negative control, the positive control exhibited a statistically higher PCR score; therefore, the validity of this modified Stookey method was confirmed. Additionally, the lower limits of the one-sided 95% confidence interval for the two dentifrice formulations were above the threshold PCR of 50; therefore, this modified Stookey method should predict that both essential oil-containing dentifrices possess acceptable stain removal power.
authors.affiliation: The Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Division of the Warner-Lambert Consumer Group of Pfizer, Morris Plains, NJ 07950, USA. duncan.yu@wl.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Schemehorn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Kohut
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parikh
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015982:Bias; D002131:Calcium Pyrophosphate; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D044622:Dental Pellicle; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011897:Random Allocation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010919:Placebos; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D005459:Fluorides; D002131:Calcium Pyrophosphate