title: [Urological and nephrological emergency--value of diagnostic imaging].
abstract: Many diseases of the kidneys and the urinary tract may develop to urinary emergencies. A prompt evaluation of these critical situations is of utmost importance concerning therapeutic consequences, and implicates a considerable challenge for the radiologist. The use of the appropriate imaging method allows rapid diagnosis, and thus enables optimal therapeutic management. In this article we describe the most important urinary emergencies: urolithiasis, hydronephrosis, acute renal infection, acute obstruction, testicular torsion, complications after renal transplantation, and urinary trauma. Aetiology and pathogenesis of the specific entities are described as well as the use of the adequate imaging method. In addition, especially for CT examinations precise imaging techniques are reported. Complications and differential diagnosis of the specific emergencies are mentioned.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Wien. gertraud.heinz@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heinz-Peer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Helbich
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004630:Emergencies; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D052801:Male Urogenital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D011859:Radiography; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000175:diagnosis; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000293:injuries; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
vernacular_title: Der urologische und nephrologische Notfall--Stellenwert der Radiodiagnostik.