title: Evaluation of 5 types of fishing material, 2 sterilization methods, and a crimp-clamp system for extra-articular stabilization of the canine stifle joint.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the mechanical properties of 5 types of fishing material, 2 sterilization methods, and a commercially designed crimp-clamp system for the extra-articular repair of the canine stifle joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were not used in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two brands of monofilament nylon fishing line and 3 brands of monofilament nylon leader line were used to determine the effect of steam and ethylene oxide sterilization on strength and elongation of the material. A strand of 36-kg test monofilament nylon fishing material was wrapped around 2 rods or knotted to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine. Ten trials of each brand of unsterilized, steam-sterilized, and ethylene oxide-sterilized fishing material were tested. A strand of each material was elongated to failure at a constant displacement of 1,000 mm/min to determine strength. A strand of each material was cycled 10 times to a load of 50 N to determine percent elongation. The brand of fishing material with the greatest strength and least elongation was crimped to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine and tested as described above. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of sterilization method, brand of material, knot, wrap, and crimp on strength and elongation of the material, and a post-hoc t test was used when significant differences were found. A Student t test was used to compare fixation techniques (wrap, knot, and crimp).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sterilization by steam or ethylene oxide had no significant effect on the strength of the nylon fishing material. Steam sterilization resulted in significant increases (2- to 4-fold) in elongation of most nylon fishing material when compared with unsterilized material. Ethylene oxide sterilization had minimal effect on elongation of the fishing material. Mason leader line showed no significant change in strength or elongation regardless of sterilization method. Significantly less strength and significantly less elongation were demonstrated in Mason leader line that was crimped as compared with Mason leader line that was knotted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethlylene oxide was the preferred method of sterilization to preserve strength and minimize elongation of the fishing material. Of the materials tested, Mason leader line had the least elongation and the greatest preservation of strength when ethylene oxide was used as the sterilization method. Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line were comparable choices when steam was used as the sterilization method. Significantly less elongation was demonstrated in crimped Mason leader line as compared with knotted Mason leader line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of the materials tested, Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line had the best mechanical properties for extracapsular stabilization of the canine stifle joint. Crimping is an attractive alternative to knotting and results in a reduction in elongation of the nylon fishing material.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, West Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sicard
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Manley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005027:Ethylene Oxide; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D009757:Nylons / Q000592:standards*; D013227:Steam; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods; D013264:Stifle / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000662:veterinary; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary; D013537:Sutures / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D009757:Nylons; D013227:Steam; D005027:Ethylene Oxide