title: Risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile toxin-associated diarrhoea: a pilot study.
abstract: This study was a pilot investigation of risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile toxin-associated diarrhoea and in particular the differential influence of antimicrobial agents. The study was a retrospective case-control design conducted at Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne. Cases were inpatients with stool positive C. difficile toxin diarrhoea and two controls were drawn for each case matched for age (+/- 5 years) and type of admission (emergency or elective). Using conditional logistic regression analysis, cephalosporins and erythromycin were found to be statistically significantly associated with Clostridium difficile toxin associated-diarrhoea. The results form the basis for designing a larger, prospective study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayis
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rawlins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000009:adverse effects; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002511:Cephalosporins; D004917:Erythromycin