title: Total alpha-fetoprotein and Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein in fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the differences in multiples of the median (MoM) of total alpha-fetoprotein, and the proportion of Lens culinaris agglutinin reactive alpha-fetoprotein (% alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3) in the maternal serum and amniotic fluid of pregnant women whose fetuses were diagnosed with autosomal or sex chromosomal abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective consecutive series.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal sera and amniotic fluids from 46 pregnant women with trisomy 21 fetuses, 10 pregnant women with trisomy 18 fetuses, one pregnant woman with a trisomy 13 fetus, six pregnant women with fetal sex chromosomal abnormalities, and 100 pregnant women for whom the fetal karyotype was diagnosed as normal following a genetic amniocentesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 in maternal serum for trisomy 21 (40.3%. P < 0.0001) and trisomy 18 (39.8%, P < 0.05) showed a significantly higher value compared with normal (32.6%). The proportion of alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 in amniotic fluid was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) for trisomy 21 (46.6%) than for a normal karyotype (41.5%). Only for the trisomy 21 group was there a strong correlation in the % alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 between maternal serum and amniotic fluid (r = 0.840, P < 0.0001). For all groups, there was no correlation between alpha-fetoprotein MoM and % alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 in maternal serum and amniotic fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proportion of alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 in maternal serum is an appropriate choice for a trisomy 21 biochemical marker, and it is possible that combining alpha-fetoprotein-L2 + L3 analysis with assays of alpha-fetoprotein in maternal serum could further improve the sensitivity and specificity of multiple marker screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satomura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 / Q000235:genetics; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D037102:Lectins / Q000032:analysis*; D008423:Maternal Age; D037121:Plant Lectins; D011247:Pregnancy; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014314:Trisomy / Q000175:diagnosis; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins; D037121:Plant Lectins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C033619:lentil lectin