Antigiardial drugs.
Giardia intestinalis is a world-wide cause of intestinal infection. Treatment of this debilitating disease is usually accomplished using one of several drugs. Metronidazole is the treatment of choice, but benzimidazoles are now being used more frequently. Other treatments include quinacrine, paromomycin and furazolidone. Even though these drugs are all used to treat the same disease, their modes of action differ in all cases. However, resistance is increasing and new alternatives are being sought. New wave antigiardials all appear to have their roots in natural herbal remedies. This mini-review looks at the current treatments available, their efficacy, side effects and different modes of action and addresses a possible way forward using natural products.
Harris
J C
JC
Cultech Biospeciality Products, York Chambers, Swansea, UK. janine@jharris2000.fsnet.co.uk
Plummer
S
S
Lloyd
D
D
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001709:Biotechnology; D005664:Furazolidone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D009593:Nitroimidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010303:Paromomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008795:Metronidazole; D005664:Furazolidone; D010303:Paromomycin; D011796:Quinacrine