title: The roles of interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in antigen-specific immune responses.
abstract: Despite evidence that interleukin (IL)-1 promotes the proliferation of some T helper 2 (Th2) cell clones in vitro, the physiological role of IL-1 in the regulation of antigen-specific immune responses remains undefined. Using a liposome-DNA delivery system, we transiently expressed IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) to suppress IL-1 functions at the site of the antigen-specific primary immune response. Our data indicate, for the first time, that IL-1Ra downregulates antigen-specific IL-4 and IgE responses, with concomitant enhancement of interferon-gamma and IgG2a responses in vivo. In addition, IL-1 can promote Th2 development in an IL-4-independent manner in vitro. Thus, the balance between endogenous IL-1 and IL-1Ra during the primary immune response can be an important factor in determining the antigen-specific effector function of T cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institutes of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Kai-Wei
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shu-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fu-Hsiung
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: Brend Ray-Sea
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Rong-Hwa
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000939:Epitopes / Q000494:pharmacology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; C507764:Il1rn protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma