title: Continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring in diabetic patients: a multicenter analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of a new subcutaneous glucose sensor (Glucoday; A. Menarini Diagnostics) compared with venous blood glucose measurement in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter study was performed in 70 diabetic patients. A microdialysis fiber was inserted subcutaneously into the periumbelical region and perfused with a buffer solution. Glucose concentrations in the dialysate were then measured every 3 min by the glucose sensor over a 24-h period, during which nine venous blood samples were also collected throughout the day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the insertion of the fiber and the wearing of the device were well tolerated by the patients. Subcutaneous glucose levels were well correlated with venous glucose measurements (r = 0.9, P < 0.001) over a wide range (40-400 mg/dl) for up to 24 h, with a single-point calibration. An analysis of 381 data pairs showed a linear relationship between the GlucoDay and serial venous blood glucose levels, and 97% of the data fell in the A and B regions of the error grid analysis. Percentage bias between the GlucoDay and the blood venous levels was -2.0% in the hypoglycemic range (<70 mg/dl), 6.9% in the euglycemic range (70-180 mg/dl), and 11.2% in the hyperglycemic range (>180 mg/dl).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GlucoDay system demonstrated high reliability and reported values that closely agreed with venous blood glucose measurements. The system was well tolerated and thus constitutes a relatively easy method to monitor glucose excursions in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo, Universita di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35123 Padua, Italy. alberto.maran@unipd.it
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maran
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crepaldi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiengo
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vitali
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pagano
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bistoni
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Santeusanio
authors.forename: Frida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leonetti
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ribaudo
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Di Mario
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Annuzzi
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Previti
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cucinotta
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giorgino
authors.forename: Aurelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bellomo
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giorgino
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poscia
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varalli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose