title: Microleakage of tetric ceram/excite and Ariston pHc/Ariston liner.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the microleakage associated with a hybrid resin-based composite, Tetric Ceram, bonded with the single component dentin bonding agent Excite and Ariston pHc bonded with Ariston Liner. Ariston pHc bonded with Excite and Tetric Ceram bonded with Prime and Bond NT were used as controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four extracted human premolars and molars were randomly assigned to four groups. Group 1: cavities were bonded with Excite and filled with Tetric Ceram. Group 2: cavities were bonded with Ariston Liner and filled with Ariston pHc. Group 3, control: cavities were bonded with Prime & Bond NT and filled with Tetric Ceram. Group 4, control: cavities were bonded Excite and filled with Ariston pHc. Cavities were cut in both the buccal and lingual surfaces. Half of each preparation was in enamel and the other was in cementum/dentin. The teeth were thermocycled at 15 degrees C for 2 s, 35 degrees C for 28 s and 45 degrees C for 2 s for 5,000 cycles after which the restorations were examined microscopically for leakage using procion brilliant red as a marker. SEM microphotographs were prepared from dye-labeled and non dye-labeled areas to illustrate the micromorphology of the systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the groups showed microleakage at the enamel margins. All groups showed microleakage at the gingival margins. At the gingival margin there was a significant difference between the groups (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, P= 0.1111.). Ariston pHc/Ariston Liner showed significantly lower microleakage scores than the other groups (Dunn's Multiple Comparison test). SEM showed that in non-dye labeled areas, Ariston pHc/Ariston Liner was in close apposition to the deeper dental tissues. The "total etch" technique resulted in a zone of demineralization. Debonding occurred at or near the top of the hybrid layer in >95% of specimens.
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. ariosantini@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Plasschaert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D002648:Child; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008963:Molar; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014227:Triazines
chemical_list: C409382:Ariston pHc; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; D019279:Resin Cements; C121818:Tetric ceram; D014227:Triazines; C003213:Procion Brilliant Red M-2BS