title: Drosophila atrophin homolog functions as a transcriptional corepressor in multiple developmental processes.
abstract: Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine repeats within the Atrophin-1 protein. The in vivo function of Atrophin-1 is unknown. We have characterized a Drosophila gene encoding an Atrophin family protein. Analysis of mutant phenotypes indicates that Drosophila Atrophin is required in diverse developmental processes including early embryonic patterning. Drosophila Atrophin genetically interacts with the transcription repressor even-skipped and is required for its repressive function in vivo. Drosophila Atrophin directly binds to Even-skipped in vitro. Furthermore, both human Atrophin-1 and Drosophila Atrophin repress transcription in vivo when tethered to DNA, and poly-Q expansion in Atrophin-1 reduces this repressive activity. We propose that Atrophin proteins function as versatile transcriptional corepressors and discuss a model that deregulation of transcription may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06535, USA.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C087725:Hkb protein, Drosophila; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C095278:atrophin-1; C052837:eve protein, Drosophila