title: Deaths from drugs of abuse in Sheffield 1997-1999: what are the implications for GPs prescribing to heroin addicts?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to examine the characteristics of drug abuse deaths in Sheffield between 1997 and 1999 with particular attention on the role of prescribed medication and the impact of increased methadone prescribing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information was made available on all deaths reported to the City of Sheffield Coroner between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 31 1999. These records were searched to identify individuals who died from a 'drug of abuse'-related poisoning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 82 drug of abuse-related deaths occurred in Sheffield during the 3-year period. The number of deaths rose from 16 in 1997 to 34 in 1999 (112%), with the largest increase occurring between 1997 and 1998. The mean age over the period of study was 29.4 years (SD 7.5 years), the overwhelming majority of which were male (92%), single (89%) and unemployed (84%). Heroin on its own or in combination with other drugs was considered to be responsible for death in 70% of all cases. Deaths attributable either wholly or partially to methadone poisoning fell from 37% in 1997 to 18% in 1999.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given that the proportion of deaths involving methadone over this period fell against a background of increased prescribing, then it would appear that the availability of methadone is not a factor involved in the increase in the number of drug of abuse-related deaths in this study.
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU and Community Health, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keen
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mathers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004739:England; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone