title: Free radicals and disease.
abstract: Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated with the etiology and/or progression of a number of diseases and in aging. Many of the proteins oxidatively modified by free radicals contain side-chain carbonyl derivatives, which can be used as markers for protein oxidation. The protein carbonyl content has been quantitated as a function of age for human cultured dermal fibroblasts, lens, and brain tissue. These data were analyzed using a simple autocatalytic model with the assumption that free radicals randomly oxidize proteins or peptides to form carbonyl derivatives and lead to their inactivation. The carbonylated proteins and peptides are highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation. Implication of free radicals in aging and in age-dependent susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed in light of this simplified kinetic model.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8012, USA.
authors.forename: Jackob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moskovitz
authors.forename: Moon Bin
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.forename: P Boon
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Chock
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D020405:Dermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000378:metabolism; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases; D008954:Models, Biological; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D005609:Free Radicals; D007659:Ketones; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases; C027219:methionine sulfoxide reductase