title: An enzyme hydrolyzing methylated inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase is present in circulating human red blood cells.
abstract: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine (asymmetric dimethylarginine or ADMA) and N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) are post-translationally synthesized amino acids of nuclear proteins. Upon release during protein turnover, they are not used in protein synthesis, but are excreted or metabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) found in many tissues. DDAH is present in monocytic and polynuclear cells of blood, but no report has appeared of its presence in red blood cells (RBCs). Because methylated arginines can inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and elevations are reported in several diseases, we explored whether RBCs express this enzyme. DDAH is present in RBCs as supported by hydrolysis of both ADMA and L-NMMA, but not symmetric dimethylarginine, and by immunoprecipitation/Westem blot using a specific monoclonal antibody to human DDAH. In a pilot study of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, RBC DDAH activity with ADMA as substrate correlated inversely with age (p = 0.005) and enzyme activities were higher in patients with greater diastolic blood pressure drops during hemodialysis (p = 0.02). Similar correlations were found with white cell DDAH activity. Thus, human RBCs can hydrolyze methylated arginines. These findings indicate the RBC could be used to assess the status of DDAH in various disease states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA. eskang@pol.net
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Cates
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Acchiardo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002956:Citrulline / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D002956:Citrulline; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000581:Amidohydrolases; C059999:dimethylargininase