title: Upper lid blepharoplasty.
abstract: Upper lid blepharoplasty is the most common cosmetic procedure performed in men and women. The eyes are the most important aesthetic facial unit and also a sensitive projector of facial aging changes. Patients will complain about tired eyes, sad eyes, or extra tissue around the eyes. Dermatochalasis, fat herniation or protrusion, brow ptosis, and eyelid ptosis secondary to disinsertion or dehiscence of the levator aponeurosis all contribute to a patient's perceptions of the need for upper lid blepharoplasty. In this article we discuss aging changes in the periocular region in Asian and Caucasian type eyelids and in male and female patients. Traditional upper lid blepharoplasty techniques, indications for surgery, psychological considerations in candidates for cosmetic surgery, and frequently encountered complications are also covered.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cole Eye Institute, Att: A31, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D012060:Rejuvenation