title: Multi-site interventional real-time procedure demonstrations with the use of integrated services digital network connections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness and cost of commercially available video conferencing units and standard Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) connections for real-time multi-site transmissions of interventional procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A network of five separate interventional radiology departments-three in the Czech Republic and one each in Austria and the USA-was established using Polyspan (Polycom in the USA) View Stations and ISDN connections. This network was used for transmissions of 16 live interventional procedures to the Sixth International Workshop on Interventional Radiology in Prague, Czech Republic in June 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transmissions were successful and of sufficient quality to contribute to the educational success of the workshop. The cost of the ISDN transmissions was a fraction of satellite transmission costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multi-site real-time interventional procedure transmissions using video conferencing Polyspan (Polycom) View Stations and ISDN connections are a promising means of improving interventional tele-education and decreasing its cost.
authors.affiliation: MR Spectroscopy, MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídenská 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic. miha@medicon.cz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hájek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rösch
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peregrin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Svarz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Válek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köcher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krajina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hausegger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Simonic
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D018153:Czech Republic; D007391:International Cooperation; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D013685:Telecommunications / Q000191:economics* / Q000295:instrumentation; D019112:Teleradiology / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States