title: Correlation of vitreous attachment and foveal deformation in early macular hole states.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the foveal anatomy in patients with perifoveal posterior vitreous detachments (PPVD) using optical coherence tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of fellow eyes of patients of patients with macular holes and those with early macular hole states were examined with optical coherence tomography, biomicroscopy, and contact b-scan ultrasonography. Twenty-three eyes of 23 patients were discovered to have PPVD, which was defined as persistent attachment of the vitreous to the central macula with a limited detachment of the posterior vitreous in the perifoveal region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean diameter of persistent vitreous attachment in eyes with no foveal deformation was 1829 microm, flattening of the foveal depression 840 microm, and with foveal cavitation 281 microm (P < .001, Spearman rank correlation). The difference in the mean diameters was significant (P = .001, Kruskal-Wallis test, all pairwise comparisons showing significant difference using the Mann-Whitney test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found that the diameter of the vitreous attachment in eyes with PPVD correlated with induced changes in foveal anatomy. The diameters of vitreous attachment were consistent with known regions of robust attachment of the vitreous determined histologically. Although the actual force loading on the central macula cannot be determined in patients with perifoveal posterior vitreous detachments, the stress, which is force / unit area may well increase with smaller areas of attachment leading to mechanical failure of the macula.
authors.affiliation: Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, LuEsther T. Mertz Retina Research Laboratory, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, NY 10021, USA. rickspaide@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spaide
authors.forename: Doric
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Yale
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldbaum
mesh_terms: D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007368:Interferometry; D008027:Light; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014054:Tomography; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D020255:Vitreous Detachment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology