title: Associations between weight gain and incident hypertension in a bi-ethnic cohort: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine associations between weight gain and changes in blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension in four ethnicity-gender groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal closed cohort studied over an average of 6 y.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total of 9309 white and African-American men and women 45-64 y of age who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Weight and blood pressure were measured at baseline and after an average of 3 and 6 y of follow-up. Proportional hazard models with weight gain as a time-dependent variable were used to examine the association between weight gain and changes in blood pressure and hypertension. Multivariate models were used with baseline SBP, DBP, age, BMI, height, WHR, smoking, physical activity, education, caloric intake, fat intake and study center as covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight gain was associated with increases in SBP and DBP in all groups. Hazard ratios for hypertension associated with 1 kg annual weight gain were 1.36 (95% CI, 1.29, 1.45) in white women, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03, 1.21) in African-American women, 1.35 (95% CI, 1.27, 1.43) in white men and 1.43 (95% CI, 1.27,1.61) in African-American men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight gain was associated with increased blood pressure and increased incidence of hypertension. The association was weaker among African-American women compared to other ethnicity-gender groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.lastname: Juhaeri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Chambless
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Tyroler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rosamond
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schreiner
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnett
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D008922:Mississippi / Q000453:epidemiology; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015430:Weight Gain; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D001741:Black or African American