title: Upper and lower body strength in relation to underhand pitching speed by experienced and inexperienced pitchers.
abstract: The relation of legs, arms, shoulders, and grip strength with underhand pitching speed of experienced and inexperienced female pitchers was investigated. For 16 experienced female underhand pitchers and 16 inexperienced women with no softball experience (control group) leg and arm strength were measured using a Hydrafitness exercise machine. Grip strength was measured with a handgrip dynamometer. Underhand throwing speed was measured with a radar gun. Regression analysis showed arm and grip strength correlated with throwing speed (p < or = .05) for the experienced group. For the inexperienced control group, the only correlate of throwing speed was arm strength (p < or = .05). There was a significant difference between the two groups on all measures of strength and ball speed in favor of the experienced group (p < or = .05).
authors.affiliation: University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pugh
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kovaleski
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heitman
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Pearsall
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001484:Baseball; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time