title: [Hector Treub and his female students, the first women surgeons in the Netherlands].
abstract: Hector Treub (1856-1920), initially a surgeon trained by Van Iterson in Leiden, was appointed as professor in Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Leiden in 1887, and in 1896 he took on this position at the University of Amsterdam. He was a strong proponent of women training as medical specialists at a time where higher education for women was a matter of public debate. Treub was the first medical professor in the Netherlands who trained women in a surgical specialty, Heleen Brouwer-Robert (1887-1979), Rosalie Wijnberg (1887-1973) and Jeanne Knoop (1890-1975) were trained by him as surgically educated gynaecologists. Frieda van Hasselt (1891-1979) was trained by Van Rooy (1880-1937), former assistant and successor of Treub. These four women were the first female members of the Dutch Surgical Association, having joined this association during their surgical training.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Heelkunde, Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: van Gulik
mesh_terms: D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000266:history*; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000266:history*; D006176:Gynecology / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D010822:Physicians, Women / Q000266:history*