title: Adenoviral retrograde gene transfer in motoneurons is greatly enhanced by prior intramuscular inoculation with botulinum toxin.
abstract: Retrograde axonal transport of recombinant adenoviral vectors has been used successfully to deliver genes to motoneurons in rodents after injection of the vectors into muscles. However, only a small proportion of motoneurons take up and retrogradely transport adenoviral particles, limiting the value of this gene delivery method for the treatment of motor neuron diseases (MNDs). Here we validate a new pharmacological approach for enhancing motoneuronal gene transfer after intramuscular injection of recombinant adenoviruses. We injected botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) into muscles of normal C57BL/6 mice and transgenic mice expressing the G93A mutation in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1-G93A mutation, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) several days before inoculation with adenoviruses. Treatment with BoNT significantly enhanced gene transfer to motoneurons innervating the injected muscles. Modifications in motoneuron transduction appear to be a consequence of toxin-induced nerve sprouting at the end plates. These findings have major implications for devising protocols for preclinical and clinical studies using intramuscular injection of retrogradely transported gene vectors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FRE 2360, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Millecamps
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barkats
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009046:Motor Neurons; D009132:Muscles; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D014059:Tongue; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: C000606291:Sod1 protein, mouse; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A