title: Monitoring adipose tissue blood flow in man: a comparison between the (133)xenon washout method and microdialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) increases after meal intake and a failure to regulate ATBF in the postprandial period seems to be a feature of insulin resistance and obesity. ATBF can be measured quantitatively by the (133)Xe washout technique, but the microdialysis ethanol escape method has also been employed to detect relative changes in ATBF.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared (133)Xe washout and the recovery of exogenous ethanol and endogenous urea by microdialysis in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, after physiological stimulation of ATBF by ingestion of oral glucose (75 g) in eight healthy people (age 23-52 y, body mass index (BMI) 19.4-29.6 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ATBF response was heterogeneous. In subjects responding vigorously to the stimulus as measured by (133)Xe washout, the microdialysis ethanol escape was increased (indicating an increase in ATBF). An increased recovery of urea was observed, also indicating an increase in ATBF. The recovery of both small molecules was delayed compared with increased blood flow and failed to return to baseline in response to a rapid decline in ATBF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the (133)Xe washout technique is more responsive to physiological change in ATBF than ethanol escape or urea recovery by microdialysis.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Lipid Metabolism Group, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK. fredrik.karpe@oxlip.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karpe
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fielding
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Frayn
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000098:blood supply*; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014508:Urea; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes; D000431:Ethanol; D014508:Urea