title: Prevalence, incidence and correlates of HHV-8/KSHV infection and Kaposi's sarcoma in renal and liver transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether the incidence of HHV-8/KSHV infection and the risk of developing KS among organ transplant recipients differ by type of organ transplanted, we calculated the rate of HHV-8/KSHV seroconversion and the risk of developing KS among renal and liver transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of renal and liver transplant recipients recruited in two transplant centres in Rome, Italy. Both pre-transplant and post-transplant serum samples were available for all participants. The prevalence of HHV-8/KSHV infection before transplantation was calculated. To determine risk factors for infection, we calculated ORs and 95% CI. Seroconversion rates (i.e. attack rates) after transplantation were also calculated. Differences in attack rates were calculated using a binomial test for proportions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 130 participants, 21 (16.1%) were HHV-8/KSHV-positive before transplantation. Women were more likely to be infected than men, whereas no difference was observed by type of organ transplanted. Of the 109 initially negative individuals, 13 (11.9%) developed anti-HHV-8/KSHV antibodies after transplantation. The incidence of HHV-8/KSHV infection tended to be higher among liver transplant recipients. Four renal transplant recipients and none of the liver transplant recipients developed KS after transplantation. The risk of KS was higher among recipients who were already HHV-8/KSHV-positive before transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HHV-8/KSHV seroconversion rates appear to be higher among liver transplant recipients, compared to renal transplant recipients. However, renal transplant recipients tend to have a higher risk of KS. HHV-8/KSHV reactivation appears to play a greater role on the risk of KS than incident infections.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Clinic, Tor Vergata University, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreoni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goletti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pezzotti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pozzetto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarmati
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farchi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tisone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pisani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Angelico
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ensoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rezza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral