title: Severity of depression and response to antidepressants and placebo: an analysis of the Food and Drug Administration database.
abstract: Some studies suggest that more severely ill patients with depression respond well to antidepressants and poorly to placebo, whereas those who are mildly ill respond equally well to antidepressants and placebo. This notion has implications for the design of clinical trials. To further assess and substantiate these putative predictors of antidepressant and placebo response, we assessed the Food and Drug Administration database of 45 phase II and III antidepressant clinical trials. The frequency of statistically significant differences between antidepressants and placebo was higher in the trials that included patients with more severe depression. In the antidepressant-treated groups, the magnitude of symptom reduction was significantly related to mean initial Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score; the higher the mean initial HAM-D score, the larger the change. With placebo treatment, however, the higher the mean initial HAM-D score, the smaller the change. Early discontinuation was more frequent among patients whose mean initial HAM-D scores were higher. These data may help inform the design of future antidepressant clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Northwest Clinical Research Center, Bellevue, Washington, USA. akhan@nwcrc.net
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Robyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Leventhal
authors.forename: Shirin R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Walter A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015990:Placebo Effect; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents