title: Three-dimensional image of hepatocellular carcinoma under confocal laser scanning microscope.
abstract: AIM:To investigate the application of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in tumor pathology and three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction by CLSM in pathologic specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:The 30&mgr;m thick sections were cut from the paraffin embedded tissues of HCC, hyperplasia and normal liver,stained with DNA fluorescent probe YOYO-1 iodide and examined by CLSM to collect optical sections of nuclei and 3-D images reconstructed.RESULTS:HCC displayed chaotic arrangement of carcinoma cell nuclei, marked pleomorphism, indented and irregular nuclear surface, and irregular and coarse chromatin texture.CONCLUSION:The serial optical tomograms of CLSM can be used to create 3-D reconstruction of cancer cell nuclei. Such 3-D impressions might be helpful or even essential in making an accurate diagnosis.
authors.forename: Wang-Hai
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shi-Neng
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shi-Lun
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ya-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao