title: Improving asthma outcomes and self-management behaviors of inner-city children: a randomized trial of the Health Buddy interactive device and an asthma diary.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is an important cause of morbidity, absence from school, and use of health services among children. Computer-based educational programs can be designed to enhance children's self-management skills and to reduce adverse outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of an interactive device programmed for the management of pediatric asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial (66 participants were in the intervention group and 68 were in the control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventions conducted at home and in an outpatient hospital clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inner-city children aged 8 to 16 years diagnosed as having asthma by a physician.
  
  
  METHODS
  An asthma self-management and education program, the Health Buddy, designed to enable children to assess and monitor their asthma symptoms and quality of life and to transmit this information to health care providers (physicians, nurses, or other case managers) through a secure Web site. Control group participants used an asthma diary.
  
  
  METHODS
  Any limitation in activity was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included perceived asthma symptoms, absence from school, any peak flow reading in the yellow or red zone, and use of health services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for covariates, the odds of having any limitation in activity during the 90-day trial were significantly (P =.03) lower for children randomized to the Health Buddy. The intervention group also was significantly (P =.01) less likely to report peak flow readings in the yellow or red zone or to make urgent calls to the hospital (P =.05). Self-care behaviors, which were important correlates of asthma outcomes, also improved far more for the intervention group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with the asthma diary, monitoring asthma symptoms and functional status with the Health Buddy increases self-management skills and improves asthma outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 404 Earl Warren Hall, 7360, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA. sylviag@uclink4.berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guendelman
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: Mindy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Ying Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samuels
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D002140:California; D002648:Child; D003201:Computers; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D014505:Urban Population