Effects of dietary crude protein concentration during periods of feed restriction on performance, carcass characteristics, and skeletal muscle protein turnover in feedlot steers.
In Exp. 1, 36 individually penned steers (initial BW = 294 +/- 3.8 kg) were used to determine effects of dietary CP percentage and programming gain on performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed to achieve a predicted gain of 1.13 kg/d for the first 84 kg of gain and 1.36 kg/d for the next 124 kg of gain and were offered feed for ad libitum consumption for the final 58 kg of gain before slaughter. In these three phases of growth, steers were fed diets, sequentially, with the following CP percentages: HHH (16, 13.5, and 12.5%), LHH (9, 13.5, and 13%), or LLL (9, 9, and 9%). When predicted gain was 1.13 kg/d, ADG was greater (P < 0.01) for steers in the HHH (1.09 kg/d) vs LHH and LLL (0.83 kg/d) systems. When predicted gain was 1.36 kg/d, ADG and gain efficiency were greatest (P < 0.01) for steers in the LHH system. Overall ADG and gain efficiency were greater (P < 0.01) for steers in the HHH (1.46 kg/d, 0.194) and LHH systems (1.38 kg/d, 0.190), compared with steers in the LLL (1.21 kg/d and 0.166) system. Carcass fat thickness was lower for steers in the LHH (0.74 cm) system than for steers in the LLL system (1.09 cm). In Exp. 2, 18 individually penned steers (initial BW = 225 +/- 5.8 kg) were either offered a 13% CP diet for ad libitum intake (AL) throughout the 134-d experiment or fed a high- (16% CP; PI-HH) or low- (10% CP; PI-LH) CP diet and fed to achieve a predicted gain of 1.13 kg/d for the first 85 d of the experiment. Steers in the PI-HH and PI-LH feeding regimens were then offered a 13% CP diet for ad libitum consumption from d 86 to 134. Fractional protein accretion rate was greater (P < 0.01) for steers in the PI-HH and PI-LH feeding regimens than for steers in the AL regimen at d 92, 106, and 120. Fractional breakdown and synthesis rates were not affected (P = 0.63) by feeding regimen. Increased ADG and gain efficiency of steers during compensatory growth periods may in part be due to greater fractional accretion rates of skeletal muscle protein.
Rossi
J E
JE
Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA.
Loerch
S C
SC
Keller
H L
HL
Willett
L B
LB
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005508:Food Deprivation; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000592:standards*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015430:Weight Gain
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins