title: Health and safety implications of exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range 300 Hz to 10 MHz.
abstract: An international seminar on health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 300 Hz to 10 MHz (referred to as the Intermediate Frequency (IF) range) was held in Maastricht, Netherlands, on 7-8 June 1999. The seminar, organized under the International EMF Project, was sponsored jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), and the Government of the Netherlands. This report does not attempt to summarize all of the material presented at the conference, but focuses on sources of exposure, biophysical and dosimetric considerations pertinent to extrapolating biological data from other frequency ranges to IF and identifies potential health concerns and needs for developing exposure guidelines. This paper is based on presentations at the conference and reports of working groups consisting of the speakers and other experts. It concludes with recommendations for further research aimed at improving health risk assessments in this frequency range.
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Litvak
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Repacholi
mesh_terms: D001703:Biophysics; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation; D004582:Electronics, Medical / Q000295:instrumentation; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004782:Environmental Health; D015981:Epidemiologic Factors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D011247:Pregnancy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012449:Safety; D014944:World Health Organization