title: Ultrastructural complexity of nuclear components during early apoptotic phases in breast cancer cells.
abstract: Fractal morphometry was used to investigate the ultrastructural features of the plasma membrane, perinuclear membrane and nuclear chromatin in SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cells undergoing apoptosis. Cells were incubated with 1 microM calcimycin (A23187) for 24 h. Cells in the early stage of apoptosis had fractal dimension (FD) values indicating that their plasma membranes were less rough (lower FD) than those of control cells, while their perinuclear membranes were unaffected. Changes of the chromatin texture within the entire nucleus and in selected nuclear domains were more pronounced in treated cells. This confirms that the morphological reorganization imputable to a loss of structural complexity (reduced FD) occurs in the early stage of apoptosis, is accompanied by the inhibition of distinct enzymatic events and precedes the onset of conventional cellular markers, which can only be detected during the active phases of the apoptotic process.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Patologia Cellulare, Istituto Cantonale di Patologia, Locarno, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Losa
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017709:Fractals; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002843:Chromatin; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000001:Calcimycin; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase