[Health problems and use of health services among physicians].
METHODS
This paper presents an overview of Norwegian and international studies of physicians' health problems and use of health services. Findings from an e-mail survey of health services for Norwegian physicians are also presented.


RESULTS
Male physicians have the same level of physical health as other males, while female physicians are in better physical health than the general population. Some mental disorders (depression, suicide) are more prevalent. Mental health problems are associated with low control at work, pressure for time, and demanding patients. There is no gender difference in prevalence early in the career, but later on, more female doctors experience problems. Doctors take few sick leaves and make little use of primary health care and screening facilities. Self-treatment is common, even for mental disorders. American impaired physician programmes have shown high recovery rates from addiction (70-80%). "Supportive colleagues", an impaired physician programme, is established in all 19 Norwegian counties. "Doctors' doctors", i.e. specially trained general practitioners, were available in all counties, while psychiatrists for doctors were available in only 11 counties.


CONCLUSIONS
Psychological problems are common among doctors; mental health services should be more accessible.
Tyssen
R
R
Institutt for medisinske atferdsfag Universitetet i Oslo Postboks 1111 Blindern 0317 Oslo. reidar.tyssen@basalmed.uio.no
D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010815:Physician Impairment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010822:Physicians, Women / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012648:Self Care; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires