title: Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 on hepatocyte antioxidative enzymes.
abstract: The physiological decline that occurs in aging is thought to result, in part, from accumulation of oxidative damage generated by reactive oxygen species during normal metabolic processes. Elevated levels of antioxidative enzymes in liver tissues are present in the Ames dwarf, a growth hormone (GH)-deficient mouse that lives more than 1 year longer than wild-type mice from the same line. In contrast, transgenic mice that overexpress GH exhibit depressed hepatic levels of catalase and have significantly shortened life spans. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effects of GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on antioxidative enzymes in mouse hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated from wild-type mice following perfusion of livers with a collagenase-based buffer. Dispersed cells were plated on Matrigel and treated with rat GH (0.1, 1.0, or 10 microg/ml) or IGF-1 (0.5, 5.0, or 50 nM) for 24 hr. Hepatocytes were recovered and protein was extracted for immunoblotting and enzyme activity assays of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). A 41% and 27% decrease in catalase activity was detected in cells treated with GH, whereas IGF-1 reduced CAT activity levels to a greater extent than GH (P < 0.0001). The activity and protein levels of GPX were also significantly depressed in cells treated with GH, whereas activity alone was decreased in cells treated with IGF-1 (P < 0.04). GH significantly suppressed MnSOD levels by 40% and 66% in 1.0 and 0.1 microg/ml concentrations, respectively. Similarly, IGF-1 decreased MnSOD protein levels (5 nM; P < 0.05). These results suggest that GH and IGF-1 may decrease the ability of hepatocytes to counter oxidative stress. In addition, these experiments provide an explanation for the differing antioxidative defense capacity of GH-deficient versus GH-overexpressing mice, and they suggest that GH is directly involved in antioxidant regulation and the aging process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203, USA. brownbrg@medicine.nodak.edu
authors.forename: Holly M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Brown-Borg
authors.forename: Sharlene G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Rakoczy
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Romanick
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase