title: Water deprivation-induced sodium appetite: humoral and cardiovascular mediators and immediate early genes.
abstract: Adult rats deprived of water for 24-30 h were allowed to rehydrate by ingesting only water for 1-2 h. Rats were then given access to both water and 1.8% NaCl. This procedure induced a sodium appetite defined by the operational criteria of a significant increase in 1.8% NaCl intake (3.8 +/- 0.8 ml/2 h; n = 6). Expression of Fos (as assessed by immunohistochemistry) was increased in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), subfornical organ (SFO), and supraoptic nucleus (SON) after water deprivation. After rehydration with water but before consumption of 1.8% NaCl, Fos expression in the SON disappeared and was partially reduced in the OVLT and MnPO. However, Fos expression did not change in the SFO. Water deprivation also 1) increased plasma renin activity (PRA), osmolality, and plasma Na+; 2) decreased blood volume; and 3) reduced total body Na+; but 4) did not alter arterial blood pressure. Rehydration with water alone caused only plasma osmolality and plasma Na+ concentration to revert to euhydrated levels. The changes in Fos expression and PRA are consistent with a proposed role for ANG II in the control of the sodium appetite produced by water deprivation followed by rehydration with only water.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Paulista State University, São Paulo 14801-903, Araraquara, Brazil. lucajr@foar.unesp.br
authors.forename: Laurival A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Zhice
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Guus H M
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Schoorlemmer
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Thunhorst
authors.forename: Terry G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Beltz
authors.forename: José V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Menani
authors.forename: Alan Kim
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology; D004326:Drinking / Q000502:physiology; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early / Q000502:physiology*; D020896:Hypovolemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013356:Subfornical Organ / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D013495:Supraoptic Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D013894:Thirst / Q000502:physiology; D014868:Water Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D012964:Sodium; D012083:Renin; D011188:Potassium