title: Glucagon acutely inhibits but chronically activates Na(+)/H(+) antiporter 3 activity in OKP cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously found that the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 (NHE3) is localized in the apical membrane of the rat renal proximal tubule and thick ascending limb of Henle. In the present study, we examined the direct effect of glucagon on the opossum kidney P (OKP) cell Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, encoded by NHE3.
  
  
  METHODS
  Na(+)/H(+) antiporter activity was measured as the rate of cell pH recovery from an acid load using 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. Northern blot and Western blot analyses were performed using OKP NHE3 cDNA and anti-OKP-NHE3 antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glucagon (1 ng/ml) acutely (1 h) inhibited, but chronically (24 h) activated NHE3 activity in OKP cells. These effects were blocked by either KT5720 or RpcAMP [protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors], and mimicked by 10(-4) M dibutyryl-cAMP. Both NHE3 mRNA and protein abundance increased with the 24-hour incubation in glucagon or dibutyryl-cAMP. Cycloheximide did not prevent a significant increase in NHE3 activity at 24 h. We therefore examined NHE3 protein abundance in the surface membrane by the biotinylation method. cAMP or glucagon significantly increased NHE3 protein abundance in the surface membrane when incubated with cycloheximide for 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucagon acutely inhibits but chronically activates NHE3 activity in OKP cells via a PKA-dependent pathway. Both protein-synthesis-dependent and -independent mechanisms play important roles in the chronic activation of NHE3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan. morimasa@jichi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Morimasa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amemiya
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tabei
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Alpern
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002227:Carbazoles; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009893:Opossums; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000613387:Slc9a3 protein, rat; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C057416:KT 5720; D005934:Glucagon; D012964:Sodium; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases