title: Update on orbital floor fractures: indications and timing for repair.
abstract: There has been much discussion and controversy over the management of blowout fractures of the orbit. At various times, recommendations have included operating on all orbital floor fractures and operating on none of them. As our understanding of blowout fractures and their sequelae has evolved over time, so too has understanding of when and whom would benefit from surgery. In the past, the focus has often been on early versus late repair. The focus should really be on understanding the mechanisms of diplopia and enophthalmos in orbital floor fractures, the best way to evaluate a patient, and, finally, the best method of restoring maximal function and appearance. We present herein a historical perspective on the management of orbital floor fractures and our current recommendations for the indications and timing of surgical repair.
authors.affiliation: Saint Louis University Eye Institute, 1755 S. Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hartstein
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roper-Hall
mesh_terms: D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D004954:Esthetics; D005133:Eye Movements; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome