The importance of serum and ascites fluid alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 19-9, and CA 15-3 levels in differential diagnosis of ascites etiology.
OBJECTIVE
Clinical usage of tumor markers is being limited due to low specificity. Elevated plasma levels of tumor markers may be seen in diseases other than malignancy, i.e., kidney, liver or circulatory disturbances.


METHODS
In our study, we studied serum and ascites fluid alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 19-9, CA 15-3 levels in patients with chronic liver disease, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, malignancy, tuberculous and congestive heart failure in a total of 76 patients.


RESULTS
The sensitivity and specificity for ascites fluid alpha-fetoprotein levels were 28.5% and 100%, for serum alpha-fetoprotein levels 28.5% and 98.1%, for ascites fluid carcinoembryonic antigen levels 38.0% and 98.1%, for serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels 57.1% and 90.0%, for ascites fluid CA 19-9 levels 19.0% and 94.5%, for serum CA 19-9 levels 33.3% and 21.8%, for ascites fluid CA 15-3 levels 28.5% and 92.7%, and for serum CA 15-3 levels 47.6% and 81.8%, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the sensitivity of serum and ascites fluid tumor markers was found to be low. High specificity may be due to low number of study participants. Serum and ascites fluid tumor markers are not found to be useful in the differential diagnosis of ascites etiology.
Sari
R
R
Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey. drsari@hotmail.com
Yildirim
B
B
Sevinc
A
A
Bahceci
F
F
Hilmioglu
F
F
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001201:Ascites / Q000209:etiology*; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D018396:Mucin-1; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins