title: Effect of garlic bulb extract on the growth and enzymatic activities of rhizosphere and rhizoplane fungi.
abstract: Eighteen fungal species were isolated from rhizospheric soil and rhizoplane samples of three plant crops in southern Iraq. The fungal isolates were examined for the activities of four enzymes (amylase, cellulase, phenoloxidase, and protease), as well as their growth, against crude garlic extract added to the culture agar medium. A high reduction or inhibition of enzymatic activities was observed for the fungi treated with garlic extract compared with untreated fungal cultures. However, most of the species showed inhibition of enzymes due to the effect of garlic extract. The growth of the fungal species was also remarkably reduced by the garlic extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Basrah, Iraq. timuhsin@gpu.srv.ualberta.ca
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Muhsin
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Al-Zubaidy
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D005737:Garlic; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D000681:Amylases; D002480:Cellulase; D010450:Endopeptidases