title: Bacilysocin, a novel phospholipid antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis 168.
abstract: We have found a novel phospholipid antibiotic (named bacilysocin) which accumulates within (or associates with) the cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 and determined the structure by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry analyses. The structure of bacilysocin elucidated was 1-(12-methyltetradecanoyl)-3-phosphoglyceroglycerol. Bacilysocin demonstrated antimicrobial activity, especially against certain fungi. Production of bacilysocin commenced immediately after growth ceased and before the formation of heat-resistant spores. The production of bacilysocin was completely blocked when the ytpA gene, which encodes a protein homologous to lysophospholipase, was disrupted, but blockage of the ytpA gene did not significantly affect growth. Sporulation was also impaired, with a 10-fold reduction in heat-resistant spore titers being detected. Since the ytpA disruptant actually lacked phospholipase activity, we propose that the YtpA protein functions as an enzyme for the biosynthesis of bacilysocin.
authors.affiliation: National Food Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamehiro
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto-Hosoya
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ubukata
authors.forename: Masa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naganawa
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D008025:Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009154:Mutation; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C453341:1-(12-methyltetradecanoyl)-3-phosphoglyceroglycerol; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010743:Phospholipids; D008025:Ligases; C028812:guanosine 3',5'-polyphosphate synthetases