Progression of retinopathy in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVE
To study the progression of retinopathy 3 years after initiation of insulin therapy.


METHODS
In a prospective, observational case-control study, 42 type 2 diabetic patients were examined at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after change to insulin therapy. Retinopathy was graded based on fundus photographs using the Wisconsin scale; HbA(1c) and IGF-1 were measured.


RESULTS
During the observation period of 3 years, 26 patients progressed in the retinopathy scale; 11 patients progressed at least three levels. After 3 years of insulin therapy, HbA(1c) and IGF-1 were significantly lower than at baseline. Progression of retinopathy greater than or equal to three levels was related to high IGF-1 levels.


CONCLUSIONS
A relationship was found between high IGF-1 levels at 3 years and progression of retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.
Henricsson
Marianne
M
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. m.henricsson@telia.com
Berntorp
Kerstin
K
Fernlund
Per
P
Sundkvist
Göran
G
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin