title: The effect of mechanical force on mRNA levels of collagenase, collagen type I, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in gingivae of dogs.
abstract: Orthodontic force causes an injury to and subsequent degradation of the attachment apparatus, thus leading to the transposition of the tooth. The gingiva, however, is compressed and sometimes becomes hypertrophic with tooth movement and often shrinks after treatment. To study the effect of force on the gingiva, we applied orthodontic force in dogs and analyzed gingival tissues 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days later as well as after removing the force. The effect of force on mRNA levels of collagen type I (col-I), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP- 1), and tissue inhibitors 1 and 2 (TIMPs) genes was analyzed by RT-PCR, and MMP-1 activity was determined by zymography. The results showed that force significantly increased both the mRNA levels of MMP-1 and its interstitial activity. After the removal of force, MMP-1 gene expression was significantly decreased. The results could partly explain the clinically observed shrinkage and adaptation of the gingiva during tooth movement.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Redlich
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reichenberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harari
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zaks
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoshan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmon
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004285:Dogs; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D017364:Collagenases; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1