Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2: an approach to preventing cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract.
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inducible form of COX, represents a potential pharmacologic target to prevent cancer. Key data suggesting a causal relationship between increased COX-2 activity and carcinogenesis and possible mechanisms of action of COX-2 in this context will be discussed. The possibility that COX-2 represents a pharmacological target for preventing upper aerodigestive cancers (head and neck, lung) will be emphasized. Importantly, clinical trials have been initiated to assess the chemopreventive properties of selective COX-2 inhibitors.
Dannenberg
A J
AJ
Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York 10021, USA. ajdannen@med.cornell.edu
Altorki
N K
NK
Boyle
J O
JO
Lin
D T
DT
Subbaramaiah
K
K
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000188:drug therapy; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000188:drug therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000188:drug therapy; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000502:physiology; D012142:Respiratory Tract Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases