title: [Effect of thiazide therapy in the prophylaxis of calcium lithiasis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the role of thiazide therapy in the prevention of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis, considering the hypocalciuric action of this drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study before and after treatment, with a 3-year follow-up, was carried out on 150 patients with recurrent calcium renal stone. The patients were divided into three groups: (A) no treatment, (B) treatment with thiazide 50 mg/day and (C) treatment with thiazide and potassium citrate. The treated groups were randomly assigned to the treatment arms. Control analytical tests and radiological assessments were performed regularly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Excellent results were achieved with thiazide therapy in regard to stone recurrence and changes in residual stone in comparison to the group of untreated patients (group A). The most common metabolic disorder was absorptive hypercalciuria type I. Most of the patients showed a single metabolic disorder. The side effects were generally not relevant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thiazides should be considered as the first line of treatment in absorptive and excretory hypercalciuria. We believe that in unselected patients with calcium stone, thiazide therapy can be effective in its prevention. It is important to take into account the possible side effects of the drug and supplementation with potassium citrate for thiazide-induced hypocitraturia.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital San Juan de la Cruz, Ubeda, Jaén, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández Rodríguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arrabal Martín
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: García Ruiz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: De Haro Muñoz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuluaga Gómez
mesh_terms: D001581:Benzothiadiazines; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D004232:Diuretics; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D049993:Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001581:Benzothiadiazines; D004232:Diuretics; D049993:Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; D002118:Calcium