title: Effects of particulate explosives on estimating contamination at a historical explosives testing area.
abstract: A historical explosives testing area harbored contamination as unevenly distributed solid particles within a contaminant-stained soil matrix. Particles larger than 3 mm diameter accounted for 96.4% of the explosives contamination. Independent sampling and analysis methods showed significant differences in contaminant estimations due to particulate explosives. We present a solvent-based sample averaging method designed to solve spatial heterogeneity problems resulting from the presence of contaminant particles.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls 83415, USA. radtcw@inel.gov
authors.forename: Corey W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Radtke
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gianotto
authors.forename: Francisco F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Roberto
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003625:Data Collection; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005107:Explosions; D010316:Particle Size; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000032:analysis*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014303:Trinitrotoluene