title: DNA damage-dependent interaction of the nuclear matrix protein C1D with Translin-associated factor X (TRAX).
abstract: The nuclear matrix protein C1D is an activator of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), which is essential for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and V(D)J recombination. C1D is phosphorylated very efficiently by DNA-PK, and its mRNA and protein levels are induced upon gamma-irradiation, suggesting that C1D may play a role in repair of DSBs in vivo. In an attempt to identify the biological function of C1D, we have employed the yeast two-hybrid system and found that C1D interacts specifically with Translin-associated factor X, TRAX. Although the biological function of TRAX remains unknown, its bipartite nuclear targeting sequences suggest a role for TRAX in the movement of associated proteins, including Translin, into the nucleus. We show that C1D and TRAX interact specifically in both yeast and mammalian cells. Interestingly, however, interaction of these two proteins in mammalian cells only occur following gamma-irradiation, raising the possibility of involvement of TRAX in DNA double-strand break repair and providing evidence for biological functions of the nuclear matrix protein C1D and TRAX. Moreover, we show, using fluorescently tagged proteins, that the relative expression levels of TRAX and Translin affect their subcellular localization. These results suggest that one role for C1D may be to regulate TRAX/Translin complex formation.
authors.affiliation: Bilkent University, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 06533, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erdemir
authors.forename: Bilada
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bilican
authors.forename: Dilhan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oncel
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Goding
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yavuzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019556:COS Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D019281:Dimerization; D005720:Gamma Rays; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016296:Mutagenesis; D015530:Nuclear Matrix / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions; D014162:Transfection; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C117400:C1D protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins