title: Different sugar kinases are involved in the sugar sensing of Galdieria sulphuraria.
abstract: The unicellular acidophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria is a facultative heterotroph with a complex uptake system for sugars and polyols, consisting of at least 14 transporters. Upon transfer to heterotrophic conditions, these transporters were induced simultaneously. Once induced, transporters for common hexoses and pentoses are apparently not down-regulated under heterotrophic conditions. Uptake of deoxysugars (FUC/Rha), however, was repressed by substrates metabolized via gluco-, galacto-, glycero-, or hexokinase, whereas substrates phosphorylated by xylulokinase had no effect. This indicates that several sugar kinases play a key role in sugar sensing. In contrast, polyol transporters were repressed only by glucose or its analogs but not by other sugars. This repression does not involve the activity of kinases. Most likely this type of glucose sensing is independent of metabolism and takes place prior to or during uptake. In its natural environment, these two different sensing mechanisms would enable the alga to utilize a mixture of different substrates in a most economic way by repressing dispensible transporters.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. galdi@zedat.fu-berlin.de
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oesterhelt
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005686:Galactokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005991:Glycerol Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D008353:Mannitol / Q000378:metabolism; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism; D008757:Methylglucosides / Q000378:metabolism; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism*; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000378:metabolism; D013402:Sugar Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D008757:Methylglucosides; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D011108:Polymers; D013402:Sugar Alcohols; C024617:polyol; D005632:Fructose; D008353:Mannitol; D013012:Sorbitol; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D006593:Hexokinase; D005941:Glucokinase; D005991:Glycerol Kinase; D005686:Galactokinase; D005947:Glucose; D008358:Mannose; C014999:arabitol