title: Beta 2-glycoprotein I is a good indicator of certain adverse pregnancy conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare levels of beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies with six different antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in sera from patients with certain adverse pregnancy conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  aPL levels were examined in pregnant women with anti-phospholipid syndrome (26), pre-eclampsia (32), autoimmune disease (12), or diabetes mellitus (23) and in a group with physiological pregnancy (38). A commercial ELISA was used to determine the serum levels of anti-beta2-GPI (Immunotech) in isotypes IgG and IgA, and anti-cardiolipin levels (Milenia) in IgG and IgM. aPL screening also included L-alpha-phosphatidic acid, L-alpha-phosphatidylethanolamine, L-alpha-phosphatidyl-DL-glycerol, L-alpha-phosphatidylinositol, and L-alpha-phosphatidyl-serine (Sigma, U.S.A.) in IgG and IgM. Statistical analysis of all aPL levels was made by cut-off levels for Ig isotypes by using 3 SD or 95th percentile calculated using STATGRAPHICS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive levels of antibodies against beta2-GPI in IgA are more frequently associated with a diagnosis of anti-phospholipid syndrome, pre-eclampsia, and autoimmune disease in pregnant women than with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. Very high interindividual differences in aPLs (against inositol, L-serine, cardiolipin, and beta2-glycoprotein in IgG and IgA) were found in serum from women with pregnancy complicated by anti-phospholipid syndrome, pre-eclampsia, and autoimmune disease. Pregnant patients with diabetes mellitus had higher serum levels in aPLs to DL-glycerol, inositol, L-serine, and beta2-glycoprotein. Positive aPL levels predominate in isotype IgG. Very low levels of aPLs to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidyl-ethanolamine were detected in all groups studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum levels of anti-beta2-GPI could serve as a better prognostic marker in complicated pregnancy than the panel of seven different anti-phospholipid antibodies. Detection of anti-beta2-GPI is proposed as a first step of the screening for aPLs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ulcová-Gallová
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bouse
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krizanovská
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balvín
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rokyta
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Netrvalová
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000276:immunology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D015415:Biomarkers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I