title: Assessing the suitability of cross-sectional and longitudinal cardiac rhythm tests with regard to identifying effects of occupational chronic lead exposure.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine whether signs of neurotoxic influence on the autonomic nervous system, after lengthy occupational lead exposure, could be revealed by appropriate cardiac rhythm analysis. A total of 109 male lead-exposed workers and 27 controls were examined in a cross-sectional study. In addition, 17 lead-exposed participants were investigated a second time in a follow-up study 4 years later. Heart rate variability was assessed in rest, strain, and recovery phases. In the cross-sectional study, lead-exposed persons showed a delayed restoration of cardiac rhythm parameters to the initial vegetative state after the strain phase. This effect significantly increased over a period of 4 more years of exposure in the 17 workers participating in the follow-up study. We found vagal depression caused by long-term lead exposure within the current threshold limit value range, which can be interpreted as an adverse effect.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine and Hygiene, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Irina.Boeckelmann@Medizin.Uni-Magdeburg.de
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Böckelmann
authors.forename: Eberhard Alexander
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McGauran
authors.forename: Bernt-Peter
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Robra
mesh_terms: D001146:Arrhythmia, Sinus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D007854:Lead