title: Significance of saliva for the denture-wearing population.
abstract: This paper summarises a series of studies already published in German and presents new data related to the aetiology of the 'dry mouth' and its associated problems.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study factors affecting mucous and serous salivary gland secretion, the aetiology of the 'dry mouth' and its associated problems, causative factors for hyposalivation and it's treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two university dental hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  587 denture wearers and 521 control subjects, and autopsy material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exercise, chewing, water, oestrogen, pilocarpine, and anetholtrithion therapy, biopsy of the minor glands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Palatal secretion (PAL, microL/cm2/min) and parotid salivary flow (PAR), subjective complaints and clinical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resting flow rates for PAL between 0 and 65 microliters/cm2/min were seen in every age group. The flow rates of PAR (0 to 3.7 ml/10 min) were not correlated with PAL. Most patients with a resting flow rate of PAL < or = 6.0 microliters/cm2 suffer from a 'dry mouth' and Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) or oral dysaesthesia (OD) with or without chronic lesions of the oral mucosa. Etiological factors for the incidence of reduced PAL and associated problems include xerostomic drugs, oestrogen deficiency, radiotherapy, thyroid dysfunction, smoking or continuous wearing of complete upper dentures. PAL also correlated with the retention of upper complete dentures. PAL was correlated with the water content of epithelial tissues. PAL and PAR were both increased by drinking ample fluid, improving their circulation by physical exercises, chewing intensively, or taking oestrogens, pilocarpine, anetholtrithion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Variation in palatal salivary secretion occurs and is clinically important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Cologne, Germany. Wilhelm.niedermeier@medizin.uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Niedermeier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beier
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schuler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brinninger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fartasch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Diepgen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matthaeus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Hector
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D002054:Burning Mouth Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003781:Denture Retention; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010159:Palate; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000503:physiopathology; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology; D012212:Rheology / Q000295:instrumentation; D012463:Saliva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012470:Salivary Glands, Minor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D004967:Estrogens; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists