Induction of mucosal IgA following intravaginal administration of inactivated HIV-1-capturing nanospheres in mice.
Concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) were developed for the HIV-1 vaccine capable of preventing sexual transmission. Con A-NS could capture efficiently HIV-1 irrespective of their cell tropism (R5 or X4). Furthermore, Con A-NS captured equally infectious and heat-inactivated HIV-1. Inactivated HIV-1-capturing Con A-NS (HIV-NS) were intravaginally administered to mice. Heat-inactivated HIV-1 alone and Con A-NS alone were also administered as control immunogens. Vaginal fluids were collected during and after immunization and analyzed for their anti-HIV-1 antibody levels. Although the anti-HIV-1 IgG antibody was undetectable in any groups, increased anti-HIV-1 IgA antibody response was identified in the vaginal fluids of immunized mice with HIV-NS. The vaginal fluids obtained from the HIV-NS-administered mice showed neutralizing activity against the immunizing HIV-1 strain. A marked difference in vaginal distribution was observed between HIV-NS and other immunogens, and the toxicity of Con A was reduced by conjugation with nanospheres. Thus, HIV-NS may have great potential as a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine and should be examined further for its efficacy in non-human primates.
Kawamura
Masaki
M
Division of Human Retroviruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Naito
Taichi
T
Ueno
Masamichi
M
Akagi
Takami
T
Hiraishi
Katsuya
K
Takai
Izumi
I
Makino
Masahiko
M
Serizawa
Takeshi
T
Sugimura
Kazuhisa
K
Akashi
Mitsuru
M
Baba
Masanori
M
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008863:Microspheres; D009092:Mucous Membrane; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014775:Virus Activation
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D007070:Immunoglobulin A