Proteome and proteomics for the research on protein alterations in aging.
Functional decline of tissues in aged animals is a result of cellular aging. Though any process of somatic cell aging basically depends on genomic instructions, phenotypes of aged cells are expressed in a given internal environment of each cell type that was made with translated proteins and post-translationally modified products. Therefore, research on age-dependent protein alterations in each cell type is very important in clarifying mechanisms of aging. The novel term "proteome" is a compound of "protein" and "genome," which means constitutive whole proteins including post-translationally modified products in a cell type. Proteomics is a novel strategy for analyzing proteomes. In proteomics, high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis is exclusively performed for isolation of proteins followed by mass spectrometry for identification of proteins and determination of modifications. Thus, proteomics is becoming appreciated as a powerful tool to find out proteins responsible for cellular aging, symptoms of senility and geriatric diseases.
Toda
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Department of Gene Regulation and Protein Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan. ttoda@tmig.or.jp
D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000465:Algorithms; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D019295:Computational Biology; D030562:Databases, Protein; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D016045:Human Genome Project; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D013382:Subtraction Technique
D020543:Proteome