title: Effects of the Bowman-Birk inhibitor on growth, invasion, and clonogenic survival of human prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) is a soybean-derived serine protease inhibitor with demonstrated anticarcinogenic activity in both in vitro and in vivo systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of BBI and BBI Concentrate (BBIC), a soybean concentrate enriched in BBI, on cell growth, invasion, and/or survival were evaluated by the sulforhodamine B assay, a colony formation assay, the trypan blue dye exclusion assay and an in vitro invasion assay. The cells used in these studies were normal human prostate epithelial cells and prostate epithelial cell lines derived from embryonic prostate tissue (267B1) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue (BRF-55T) and human prostate cancer cells established by Ki-ras oncogene transfection of 267B1 cells (267B1/Ki-ras) or from metastatic lesions of human prostate cancer (LNCaP and PC-3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BBIC had a statistically significant inhibitory effect on the growth and clonogenic survival of BRF-55T, 267B1/Ki-ras, LNCaP, and PC-3 cells. BBI also inhibited the growth of LNCaP cells and the clonogenic survival of BRF-55T and 267B1/Ki-ras cells and decreased the ability of LNCaP cells to invade across reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) when PC-3 cell-conditioned medium was utilized as the chemoattractant. BBI or BBIC did not affect the growth of normal prostate epithelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BBI and/or BBIC could be a useful agent for treatment of prostate diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6072, USA. akennedy@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Ann R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: X Steven
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D001485:Basement Membrane; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D002999:Clone Cells; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012235:Rhodamines; D014358:Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D012235:Rhodamines; D014358:Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; C022027:lissamine rhodamine B