title: alpha-Synuclein is phosphorylated in synucleinopathy lesions.
abstract: The deposition of the abundant presynaptic brain protein alpha-synuclein as fibrillary aggregates in neurons or glial cells is a hallmark lesion in a subset of neurodegenerative disorders. These disorders include Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and multiple system atrophy, collectively referred to as synucleinopathies. Importantly, the identification of missense mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene in some pedigrees of familial PD has strongly implicated alpha-synuclein in the pathogenesis of PD and other synucleinopathies. However, specific post-translational modifications that underlie the aggregation of alpha-synuclein in affected brains have not, as yet, been identified. Here, we show by mass spectrometry analysis and studies with an antibody that specifically recognizes phospho-Ser 129 of alpha-synuclein, that this residue is selectively and extensively phosphorylated in synucleinopathy lesions. Furthermore, phosphorylation of alpha-synuclein at Ser 129 promoted fibril formation in vitro. These results highlight the importance of phosphorylation of filamentous proteins in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Naoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dohmae
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Eliezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masliah
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takio
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwatsubo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016631:Lewy Bodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism; D051843:Synucleins; D051844:alpha-Synuclein
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C497604:SNCA protein, human; D051843:Synucleins; D051844:alpha-Synuclein; D012694:Serine