title: Laparoscopic ligature of the hypogastric artery in the case of bleeding in advanced cervical cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Massive bleeding from an exophytic tumor is a serious complication in advanced cases of cervical carcinoma. With persistent bleeding the embolization or ligation of an artery is required.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report describes the technique of laparoscopic ligation of the hypogastric artery in patients with massive bleeding in advanced cases of cervical cancer (FIGO Stage III). Laparoscopy was performed before or at the beginning of radiation therapy. Three cases are presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic ligature of the hypogastric artery can replace laparotomy in patients with advanced cervical cancer and persistent bleeding. The laparoscopic procedure is less traumatic than laparotomy and enables the continuation of external radiotherapy without delay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland. sobiczewski@coi.waw.pl
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sobiczewski
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bidziński
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Derlatka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000601:surgery; D008026:Ligation; D008875:Middle Aged; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy