title: Correlation of retinal haemorrhages with brain haemorrhages in children dying of cerebral malaria in Malawi.
abstract: Retinal haemorrhages increase in number with severity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and occur in 35-40% of children with cerebral malaria. We performed clinical retinal examinations and histopathological examinations of retina, and parietal and cerebellar sections of the brains, in 33 children in Malawi who died with cerebral malaria, severe malaria anaemia, or coma of other causes. Haemorrhages were counted in a standardized fashion: the Spearman correlation coefficient between the number of haemorrhages in retina and brain was 0.741 for parietal tissue and 0.703 for cerebellar (P < 0.01 for both). Severity of haemorrhage in the retina correlates well with that in the brain. Retinal examination in cerebral malaria is a useful tool in predicting some of the pathophysiological processes occurring in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lewallen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Beare
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kayira
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D001344:Autopsy; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology