title: Once daily high-dose gentamicin to prevent infection in open fractures of the tibial shaft: a preliminary investigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cephalosporin and aminoglycoside antibiotics are currently recommended for infection prophylaxis in high-energy open tibial shaft fractures. We evaluated cephalosporin in conjunction with once daily high-dose gentamicin as prophylaxis against infection in Gustilo types II and III open tibial shaft fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients were identified in whom once daily gentamicin dosing was used as part of an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen in patients with types II and III open tibial shaft fractures. Cefazolin (1 g) and gentamicin (5 mg/kg) were given before operation. Antibiotic therapy was continued for 48 hours after definitive wound closure. Monitoring for gentamicin toxicity consisted of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, gentamicin trough levels, and a daily query for signs of prodromal ototoxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average time to fracture union was 8 months. One superficial and two deep infections were observed. No patient showed signs of nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our investigation suggests that this dosing regimen might be safe as prophylaxis against infection in open tibial shaft fractures and that it warrants further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Pearsall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D003646:Debridement; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins