Stanford presenteeism scale: health status and employee productivity.
Workforce productivity has become a critical factor in the strength and sustainability of a company's overall business performance. Absenteeism affects productivity; however, even when employees are physically present at their jobs, they may experience decreased productivity and below-normal work quality--a concept known as decreased presenteeism. This article describes the creation and testing of a presenteeism scale evaluating the impact of health problems on individual performance and productivity. A total of 175 county health employees completed the 34-item Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-34). Using these results, we identified six key items to describe presenteeism, resulting in the SPS-6. The SPS-6 has excellent psychometric characteristics, supporting the feasibility of its use in measuring health and productivity. Further validation of the SPS-6 on actual presenteeism (work loss data) or health status (health risk assessment or utilization data) is needed.
Koopman
Cheryl
C
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5718, USA. koopman@leland.stanford.edu
Pelletier
Kenneth R
KR
Murray
James F
JF
Sharda
Claire E
CE
Berger
Marc L
ML
Turpin
Robin S
RS
Hackleman
Paul
P
Gibson
Pamela
P
Holmes
Danielle M
DM
Bendel
Talor
T
D000041:Absenteeism; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology