title: Does age, sex, or ACE genotype affect glucose and insulin responses to strength training?
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether age, sex, or angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype influences the effects of strength training (ST) on glucose homeostasis. Nineteen sedentary young (age = 20-30 yr) men (n = 10) and women (n = 9) were studied and compared with 21 sedentary older (age = 65-75 yr) men (n = 12) and women (n = 9) before and after a 6-mo total body ST program. Fasting insulin concentrations were reduced in young men and in older men with ST (P < 0.05 in both). In addition, total insulin area under the curve decreased by 21% in young men (P < 0.05), and there was a trend for a decrease (11%) in older men (P = 0.06). No improvements in insulin responses were observed in young or older women. The ACE deletion/deletion genotype group had the lowest fasting insulin and insulin areas under the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) curve before training (all P < 0.05), but those with at least one insertion allele had a trend for a greater reduction in total insulin area than deletion homozygotes (P = 0.07). These results indicate that ST has a more favorable effect on insulin response to an OGTT in men than in women and offer some support for the hypothesis that ACE genotype may influence insulin responses to ST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hurlbut
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lott
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ivey
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lemmer
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fleg
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Hurley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013997:Time Factors; D014891:Weight Lifting
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A