title: Intrarenal color duplex examination of aortic endograft patients with suprarenal stents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report an experience using intrarenal color duplex ultrasonography (ICDU) to detect high-grade renal artery stenosis in patients who had endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with suprarenal stent fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients (25 men; mean age 71 years, range 58-83) who had endovascular AAA repair with suprarenal stenting at least 3 months prior to commencement of this study were screened with ICDU. Acceleration time (AT), peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) were measured. The Doppler waveform was quantitatively scored on a scale from 0 to 4. AT >0.07 seconds, RI <0.45, or a Doppler waveform score of 0 or 1 (indicating loss of early systolic peak) were indicative of high-grade renal artery stenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median follow-up was 15.5 months (range 3-34). ICDU was successful in 54 (98%) of 55 kidneys scanned. No AT values exceeded 0.07 seconds, all RIs were >0.45, and no waveforms had loss of early systolic peak, indicating that no patient had evidence of high-grade renal artery stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICDU is a simple and affordable method that seems well suited to periodic screening in patients with suprarenal stents. Longer follow-up with a larger number of patients is needed before definite conclusions can be drawn about the effect of suprarenal stenting on renal circulation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Nottingham University Hospital, England, UK. kalliafa@otenet.gr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalliafas
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macierewicz
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yusuf
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Whitaker
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hopkinson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D015607:Stents; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex / Q000379:methods*