title: Subtotal nasal reconstruction using a bi valved paramedian forehead flap.
abstract: Many surgical options have been proposed for total or subtotal reconstruction of the nose after extirpative surgery or trauma. Careful replacement of all anatomic layers including the structural framework and internal and external nasal lining is essential to successful reconstruction. If adequate internal lining is present, reconstruction of the structure of the nose and the external nasal lining is often straightforward. Difficulty arises with providing sufficient internal nasal lining in patients who underwent full thickness reconstruction of half of the nose with a bi-valved paramedian forehead flap. A different plane of dissection is used for the flap and structural grafts are placed between the layers of the axial pattern flap. The anatomy, plane of flap dissection, and biomechanics of flap transfer are presented as well as the specific technique for nasal reconstruction. The bi-valved paramedian forehead flap presents another surgical option for reconstruction of full thickness defects of the nose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/HNS, Davis Medical Center, University of California, 2521 Stockton Blvd., STE 7200, Sacramento, California 95817, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tolan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013524:Surgical Flaps