title: Endovascular stenting for the nutcracker phenomenon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a case highlighting the efficacy of stent implantation for left renal vein (LRV) entrapment, otherwise known as the nutcracker phenomenon.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 17-year-old boy presented with a history of gross hematuria and left flank pain. Magnetic resonance angiography documented compression of the LRV between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta. A Memotherm stent was successfully placed across the LRV to restore adequate luminal flow after a Wallstent failed to adequately span the narrowed segment. Spiral CT angiography at 6 months confirmed LRV patency; the patient remains asymptomatic and free of hematuria at 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular stenting for the nutcracker phenomenon is safe and effective and may represent a valuable approach for lessening the morbidity of surgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Vita e Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. roberto.chiesa@hsr.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anzuini
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Marone
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Briguori
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melissano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosanio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015607:Stents; D014654:Vascular Patency