title: Race, adolescent contraceptive choice, and pregnancy at presentation to a family planning clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess racial/ethnic differences in pregnancy and contraceptive choice among adolescent family planning patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 605 female adolescents presenting to a teen family planning clinic for an initial visit were retrospectively reviewed for demographic and reproductive health information, sexual risk behaviors, pregnancy, and current and dispensed contraceptive method. Logistic and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to estimate the association of these factors with pregnancy and contraceptive choice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Black adolescents were three times more likely than white adolescents to be pregnant at presentation to the clinic (P =.05). Ninety-one percent of adolescents did not want to be pregnant; pregnancy desire was highly correlated with current contraceptive method. None of the adolescents who reported being unsure or wanting to be pregnant used hormonal methods. Black adolescents were more likely to rely on barrier methods than hormonal methods (P =.04); choice of barrier methods over hormonal methods was not correlated with risk for sexually transmitted diseases. There were no differences, however, in method dispensed by race. Black and white adolescents were equally likely to choose hormonal methods at the end of the visit, but adolescents who used hormonal methods at presentation-who were more likely to be white-were significantly more likely to leave the clinic with hormonal methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Black race/ethnicity was an independent risk factor for use of less effective barrier contraceptive methods and pregnancy at presentation to the clinic. Understanding how black adolescents make contraceptive choices is essential to helping them avoid unintended pregnancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Health Research and Policy, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. tinar@ob.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raine
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Maarit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paukku
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Darney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002140:California / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000145:classification*; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008499:Medical Records; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence / Q000208:ethnology*; D017584:Reproductive History; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012309:Risk-Taking; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents