title: Verteporfin infusion-associated pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if oral hydration decreases the incidence of verteporfin infusion-associated pain and to find out if other factors play a role in predisposing to this undesired complication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized clinical trial. We prospectively examined 250 consecutive patients who have been diagnosed with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration and received photodynamic therapy using verteporfin. One hundred twenty-five patients were assigned to receive 500 ml of water orally administered 30 minutes before beginning the verteporfin infusion, and the remaining 125 consecutive patients were used as controls. Historical and clinical factors in these patients were evaluated for their association with the presence of verteporfin infusion-associated pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 125 patients receiving water before treatment 12 (9.6%) experienced verteporfin infusion-associated pain. Among the 125 patients who did not get hydration before therapy 12(9.6%) experienced verteporfin infusion-associated pain. There was no statistical difference between the incidence of pain in the two groups (P = 1.0). No statistically significant association was evidenced between the presence of pain and participant's baseline characteristics, except for pain on previous administration of verteporfin (P < .001). Out of 250 total patients 24 (9.6%) developed verteporfin infusion-associated pain. Back pain was the most common and occurred in 21 (8.4%) patients, but other sites included leg, groin, chest, buttock, arm, and shoulder pain concurrently or independently. All patients had resolution of their pain, including chest pain, on cessation of the infusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Verteporfin infusion-associated pain may be more common than has been previously reported and is not limited to the back area. It appears to be an idiosyncratic reaction to the drug. It does not seem to be prevented by oral hydration before infusion of verteporfin, and no baseline characteristics, other than a history of pain on previous infusion, seem to be predictive of verteporfin infusion-associated pain.
authors.affiliation: Vitreous-Retina-Macula Consultants of New York, and the LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Borodoker
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spaide
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maranan
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: K Bailey
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Slakter
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sorenson
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Yannuzzi
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Guyer
authors.forename: Yale L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001416:Back Pain / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077362:Verteporfin; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D014867:Water; D000077362:Verteporfin