title: Comparative and functional studies of Drosophila species invasion by the gypsy endogenous retrovirus.
abstract: Gypsy is an endogenous retrovirus of Drosophila melanogaster. Phylogenetic studies suggest that occasional horizontal transfer events of gypsy occur between Drosophila species. gypsy possesses infective properties associated with the products of the envelope gene that might be at the origin of these interspecies transfers. We report here the existence of DNA sequences putatively encoding full-length Env proteins in the genomes of Drosophila species other than D. melanogaster, suggesting that potentially infective gypsy copies able to spread between sexually isolated species can occur. The ability of gypsy to invade the genome of a new species is conditioned by its capacity to be expressed in the naive genome. The genetic basis for the regulation of gypsy activity in D. melanogaster is now well known, and it has been assigned to an X-linked gene called flamenco. We established an experimental simulation of the invasion of the D. melanogaster genome by gypsy elements derived from other Drosophila species, which demonstrates that these non- D. melanogaster gypsy elements escape the repression exerted by the D. melanogaster flamenco gene.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique Humaine, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Lucine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mejlumian
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pélisson
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bucheton
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Terzian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D015686:Gene Products, env; D004247:DNA