Strong antifungal activity of SS750, a new triazole derivative, is based on its selective binding affinity to cytochrome P450 of fungi.
SS750 [(R)-(-)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-(ethylsulfonyl)-1,1-difluoro-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-propanol] is a new triazole, and its potential as an antifungal agent was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo studies. In a comparison of the MICs at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC(50)s) for all strains of Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans tested, SS750 was four times or more active than fluconazole and had activity comparable to that of itraconazole. The most important advantage of SS750 was that, when the MIC(90)s were compared, SS750 had 64 and 32 times greater antifungal activities than fluconazole against Candida krusei and Candida glabrata, respectively, which are intrinsically less susceptible to fluconazole. In cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mouse models of systemic and pulmonary candidiasis caused by C. albicans, oral SS750 prolonged the number of days of survival of infected animals in a dose-dependent manner and was 4 and > or =64 times more potent than fluconazole and itraconazole, respectively. In a safety profile, SS750, like fluconazole, had less of an affinity for binding to mammalian cytochrome P450 compared with that of ketoconazole, despite its strong affinity for binding to fungal cytochrome P450. The mechanism for the increased in vitro antifungal activity of SS750 against C. krusei is partially due to the potent inhibitory activity (3.7 times versus that of fluconazole) of C. krusei cytochrome P450 sterol 14alpha-demethylase; SS750 showed a strong affinity for binding to cytochrome P450 of C. krusei, indicating that SS750 acts by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 sterol 14alpha-demethylase of fungal cells.
Matsumoto
Masaru
M
Central Research Laboratories, SSP Co., Ltd., Narita, Chiba 286-8511, Japan. Masaru.Matsumoto@ssp.co.jp
Ishida
Kazuya
K
Konagai
Akihiro
A
Maebashi
Kazunori
K
Asaoka
Takemitsu
T
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001665:Binding Sites; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D002474:Cell-Free System; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004875:Ergosterol / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D004875:Ergosterol