title: Effective treatment of experimental DU-145 prostate cancers with targeted cytotoxic somatostatin analog AN-238.
abstract: We evaluated the effectiveness of targeted cytotoxic analog of somatostatin (SST) AN-238, consisting of 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin (AN-201) linked covalently to SST octapeptide carrier RC-121 in DU-145 human androgen-independent prostate cancers xenografted into nude mice. We also investigated the expression of mRNAs for SST receptor subtypes 2A and 5 (sst2A and sst5) in DU-145 tumors. After 8 weeks of treatment, AN-238 practically arrested the proliferation of DU-145 cancers. The tumor volume in nude mice that received 4 injections of AN-238 at the dose of 150 nmol/kg was 63.4+/-6.7 mm3, nearly 4 times smaller than that in controls which measured 249.1+/-36.3 mm3 (p<0.001). Treatment with AN-238 lowered tumor weight by 68% (p<0.01) compared with the control group and extended the tumor volume doubling time to 184.1+/-69.4 days, versus 32.1+/-6.6 days in controls (p<0.05). No toxicity-related deaths occurred during treatment with AN-238. Cytotoxic radical AN-201 administered alone or in an unconjugated mixture with carrier RC-121 inhibited the growth of DU-145 tumors only after the third and fourth injection and was toxic. The expression of mRNA for sst2A and sst5 was detected in all specimens of control DU-145 tumors and in tumors treated with AN-238. The present study demonstrates the high efficacy of SST-receptor-targeted chemotherapy in a model of human androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Administration Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70-112-1262, USA.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plonowski
authors.forename: Andrew V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Baodong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015282:Octreotide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C110845:AN 238; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003603:Cytotoxins; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C098751:AN 204; D004317:Doxorubicin; C053408:RC 121; D015282:Octreotide