title: Genotoxicity of N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine in V79 cells in the sister chromatid exchange test and the single cell gel assay.
abstract: Dicyclohexylaminexnitrite is used in chemical formulations as an anti-corrosion agent. N-Nitrosodicyclohexylamine (N-NO-DCHA) can be formed by nitrosation from dicyclohexylamine during the application of these formulations. As most of the nitrosamines are genotoxic carcinogens, the genotoxic potential of N-NO-DCHA was investigated in V79 Chinese hamster cells in the single cell gel assay and the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test. In addition, N-NO-DCHA cytotoxicity was determined in the neutral red assay. Neutral red uptake was suppressed up to 50% after 24 h incubation at a concentration of approximately 135 microM. In the single cell gel assay, a significantly elevated and dose-dependent induction of DNA lesions was detected in a concentration range from 5 microM to 100 microM (P<0.001). The use of proteinase K (1 mg/ml) in the lysing solution did not influence these results. In the SCE analysis, a significant induction of SCE was found at a minimum concentration of 5 microM N-NO-DCHA as well. A dose-dependent SCE induction could be detected up to the maximum concentration tested in the assay (100 microM). In conclusion, N-NO-DCHA is genotoxic in V79 cells in the single cell gel assay and the SCE test. With respect to human health hazard prevention, a substitution of dicyclohexylaminexnitrite in chemical formulations used to prevent corrosion is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany. tgebel@gwdg.de
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gebel
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Westphal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hallier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D020552:Comet Assay; D006224:Cricetinae; D004249:DNA Damage; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D009602:Nitrosamines; C045277:N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine