Standardized photography in facial plastic surgery: pearls and pitfalls.
Photographic images in facial plastic surgery play a critical role in photodocumentation, patient education, preoperative planning, and self-education. Consistent, uniform, high-quality photography allows the best opportunity for critical self-assessment and self-education. The purpose of this article is to review important elements in the production of standardized, uniform photographs with a 35-mm camera or with a digital camera. Equipment, lighting and background, film selection, and a standardized photographic technique are detailed. Principles of intraoperative photography are also reviewed.
Becker
D G
DG
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce St., 7 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA.
Tardy
M E
ME
D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000295:instrumentation*