Topological phases near a triple degeneracy.
We study the pattern of three-state topological phases that appears in systems with real Hamiltonians and wave functions. We give a simple geometric construction for representing these phases. We then apply our results to understand previous work on three-state phases. We show that the "mirror symmetry" of wave functions noticed in microwave experiments can be simply understood in our framework.
Samuel
J
J
Raman Research Institute, Bangalore 560080 India.
Dhar
A
A