title: [Incidence of systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal in patients with mitral valve prolapse: influence of the prolapse site].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal identified by pulsed Doppler echocardiography is useful for the diagnosis of severe mitral regurgitation. The direction of the mitral regurgitant jet in severe mitral regurgitation significantly influences the systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal in an experimental model. This study investigated the influence of the site of mitral valve prolapse on the incidence of systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal in patients with severe mitral regurgitation using transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 59 consecutive patients with severe mitral regurgitation (regurgitant fraction > 50%) due to mitral valve prolapse. Exclusion criteria were left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%, non sinus rhythms, associated aortic valve disease, bileaflet prolapse, and inadequate Doppler recordings. Right upper pulmonary venous flow was recorded and regurgitant fraction of mitral regurgitation measured by transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography. The sites of mitral valve prolapse were confirmed at operation in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal was 78% (14/18) in the patients with anterior leaflet prolapse, 82% (9/11) in the patients with medial commissure prolapse, 75% (12/16) in the patients with posterior middle scallop prolapse, 20% (2/10) in the patients with posterior medial scallop prolapse, and 25% (1/4) in the patients with posterior lateral scallop prolapse. There were no significant differences in regurgitant fraction between the five groups. The incidence of systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal was significantly lower in the patients with posterior medial scallop prolapse compared to the other sites of mitral valve prolapse (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation by systolic pulmonary venous flow reversal using transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography may be underestimated in patients with prolapse of the posterior medial scallop.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Kobe General Hospital, Minatojima-nakamachi 4-6, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0046.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanzaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiratori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008945:Mitral Valve Prolapse / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology*