title: Mitochondrial functionality and mitochondrial DNA content in lymphocytes of vertically infected human immunodeficiency virus-positive children with highly active antiretroviral therapy-related lipodystrophy.
abstract: Mitochondria functionality and apoptosis were studied in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children, with or without lipodystrophy (LD), who were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and in PBL of healthy control subjects (HCs). By flow cytometry, mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, mt mass, intra-mt cardiolipin distribution, and early and late apoptosis in fresh PBL or in PBL cultured with different stimuli were assessed. mtDNA content was evaluated in fresh PBL by an original double-competitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction method, which enabled direct quantification of the number of mtDNA copies present in human lymphocytes. PBL from LD-positive and LD-negative children and from HCs were similar in mt functionality and in their tendency to undergo apoptosis. mtDNA content was also similar in PBL of LD-positive children and HCs, suggesting that normal mt functionality and normal tendency to undergo apoptosis are present in PBL of children with HAART-associated LD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of General Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, 41100 Modena, Italy. cossariz@unimo.it
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cossarizza
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinti
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Dorella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bricalli
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Leonarda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Troiano
authors.forename: Maria Garcia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Balli
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mussini
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viganò
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D000293:Adolescent; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial