title: Developing animal models for analyzing SERM activity.
abstract: Estrogens have effects on many organ systems, beyond the reproductive system, in both females and males. Estrogen effects are exerted through specific receptors, of which there are two types: estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and estrogen receptor (ER) beta. To study the roles of each receptor in vivo, a series of mice were generated lacking either a functional ER alpha or ER beta or both. These mice, labeled alphaERKO, betaERKO, or alphabetaERKO, respectively, have been useful in defining the tissue specificities, localization, and functions of each of the estrogen receptors. These mouse models also show great promise for use in defining the effectiveness of putative SERMs.
authors.affiliation: Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Emmen
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Korach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators