title: The future of colon cancer prevention.
abstract: Chemoprevention science is in flux owing to rapid advances in postgenomic technology. We have witnessed enormous advances in the areas of early detection and molecular profiling of colorectal carcinogenesis; however, unique interpretive and technologic challenges persist. Neoplastic hallmarks must be iteratively tested and validated as markers of risk, targets for intervention, and/or markers of response in order to expedite the development of preventive interventions. In this review, we highlight several of the technologies that are revolutionizing our understanding of carcinogenesis and our approach to colorectal cancer prevention.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal & Other Cancers Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, EPN, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7317, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Viner
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Hawk
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000236:Adenoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D015195:Drug Design; D004357:Drug Synergism; D000518:Eflornithine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005544:Forecasting; D017491:Genes, APC; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D020543:Proteome; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D020543:Proteome; D005492:Folic Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D002118:Calcium; D000518:Eflornithine