title: The prognostic value of immunohistochemically detected CD44v3 and CD44v6 expression in patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma: a multicenter study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isoforms of the adhesion molecule CD44 are involved in carcinogenesis and the metastatic cascade of tumor cells by increasing the affinity of malignant cells to their extracellular matrix. Preliminary data with respect to the prognostic value of the CD44 isoforms CD44v3 and CD44v6 in patients with vulvar carcinoma showed promising results. The current multicenter study aimed to determine the prognostic value of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in vulvar carcinoma tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical staining was performed according to established protocols. Results were correlated to clinical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A positive CD44v3 and CD44v6 staining was detected in 33.3% (33 out of 99) and 39.4% (39 out of 99) of the tumor samples, respectively. Overexpression of CD44v6 was associated with an impaired prognosis with respect to disease-free survival (P = 0.01) and overall survival (P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis showed that CD44v6 provided prognostic information with respect to disease-free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.005) independently of the two established prognosticators, tumor stage and groin lymph node involvement. Overexpression of CD44v3 had no impact on patient survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current multicenter study, involving a large series of patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma, allowed for multivariate survival analysis and showed that CD44v6 confers prognostic information in addition to that provided by the established clinicopathologic parameters of tumor stage and lymph node status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Vienna Medical School, Vienna, Austria. l_hefler@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Lukas A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hefler
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Concin
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mincham
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Nikkie B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Swarte
authors.forename: Marion A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Eijkeren
authors.forename: Daisy M D S
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sie-Go
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McCartney
authors.forename: Clemens B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Tempfer
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speiser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C121450:CD44V3,8-10; C112697:CD44v6 antigen; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors