title: [Clinical outcome for coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with severe carotid occlusive disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the management of coexisting severe carotid stenosis in candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six candidates for coronary artery bypass complicated with severe carotid stenosis > or = 70% were analyzed retrospectively. The prevalence of significant carotid stenosis was 6.4%. There were 21 males and 5 females with a mean age of 65.3 +/- 9.3 years. The hemodynamics of cerebral circulation, intervention for carotid stenosis, surgical mortality, morbidity, and long-term survival were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of bilateral carotid stenosis was 30.8% (8/26). Nine patients had total occlusion of the internal carotid artery, 10 had carotid stenosis of 90-99%, and 7 had carotid stenosis of 70-89%. Seven patients required mechanical support for cardiopulmonary insufficiency, including six patients requiring simultaneous artificial ventilation and intraaortic balloon pumping, and one requiring intraaortic balloon pumping. Concomitant carotid endarterectomy and coronary bypass grafting was performed in 10 patients, preceding carotid endarterectomy in 1, and preceding coronary bypass grafting with subsequent carotid endarterectomy in 7. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 22 patients. There was no surgical death. Although one patient undergoing concomitant carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting had perioperative stroke, the remaining patients recovered without any neurological complication (morbidity of stroke: 3.8%). The five-year survival rate was 71.9 +/- 11.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary artery bypass grafting in candidates with carotid stenosis can be treated safely when appropriate preoperative evaluation and surgical strategies are utilized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Amakubo 1-3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies