title: Hypofractionated radiotherapy for Graves' orbitopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiotherapy (RT) has been proven effective in the management of Graves' orbitopathy in numerous studies. Most commonly is the use of conventional fractionated RT and the value of hypofractionated irradiation has not been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results in 33 euthyroid cases who underwent RT with a total dose of 21.0 Gy given in three weekly fractions of 3.0 Gy are retrospectively analyzed. The duration of symptoms ranged from 1-84 months and all of the cases had treatment failure after previous administration of corticosteroids. After a mean follow-up period of 33.6 months the overall results were assessed according to the criteria by Donaldson et al. and for evaluation of the clinical outcome a classification with the main criteria being eye-lid changes, exophthalmos, myopathy and eye nerve involvement was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At follow-up, the overall response to RT was 84.8% (28/33 cases). The analysis with the clinical classification demonstrated that in 19/33 (57.6%) cases occurred a decrease of eye lid changes and exophthalmos and 12/33 (36.4%) had a relief of myopathy. 2/33 cases (6.0%) developed an eye nerve compression causing the necessity of surgical decompression. 3/33 cases (9.0%) had a progression of at least of one of the single criteria of the score and therefore they were classified as non-responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypofractionated RT has been proven effective for treatment of severe cases of Graves' orbitopathy in cases with a prolongated duration of symptoms. The comparison with literature data demonstrate that the results after hypofractionated RT are comparable to those obtained after conventional fractionated RT.
authors.affiliation: Strahlenklinik, Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach am Main.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heyd
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strassmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herkströter
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zamboglou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000528:radiation effects; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome