title: Evidence of collective charge behavior in the insulating state of ultrathin films of superconducting metals.
abstract: Nonlinear I-V characteristics have been observed in insulating quench-condensed films which are locally superconducting. We suggest an interpretation in terms of the enhancement of conduction by the depinning of a Cooper pair charge density wave, Cooper pair crystal, or Cooper pair glass that may characterize this insulating regime. We propose that this is a more likely description than the Coulomb blockade or charge-anticharge unbinding phenomena.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Goldman