title: Habitual physical activity, anabolic hormones, and potassium content of fat-free mass in postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Total body potassium (TBK) is known to decline throughout adulthood. The relations between physical activity, age, anabolic hormones, and TBK have rarely been considered.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to describe the relation between habitual physical activity, age, serum estradiol, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and TBK in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  TBK, fat-free mass (FFM), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA; assessed with use of a semistructured interview), and serum concentrations of estradiol, IGF-I, and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) were quantified in 51 healthy white women aged 54-76 y.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The potassium content of FFM declined curvilinearly with age, indicating an accelerated loss of skeletal muscle after 65 y of age. With the data split into high (n = 25) and low (n = 26) MVPA groups, the active women had 6.5% more potassium per FFM than did their less-active counterparts (P < 0.01). In multiple regression analysis, MVPA was the major determinant of the potassium content of FFM (P = 0.02), such that an active 70-y-old had the potassium content value of a 55-y-old sedentary woman. Serum estradiol, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 were not significant determinants of the potassium content of FFM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that 1) habitual physical activity can significantly influence FFM potassium content; 2) physical activity must, therefore, be considered if the effect of aging per se on TBK is to be clarified; and 3) MVPA, such as that pursued by the active women in the present study (eg, walking, dancing, floor exercises, and swimming), can assist in preventing sarcopenia in older women.
authors.affiliation: Centre for In Vivo Body Composition and Gastrointestinal Investigation Unit, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. hansenr@med.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Barry J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D005082:Physical Exertion; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011188:Potassium