title: Metastatic breast cancer to the bladder: a diagnostic challenge and review of the literature.
abstract: Nineteen cases of breast cancer metastatic to the bladder and diagnosed in living patients have been identified in the English literature. Most patients were symptomatic with evidence of disseminated disease at the time of diagnosis. Metastasis usually occurred many years after diagnosis, and the prognosis was poor. The definitive modality for diagnosis in all cases was cystoscopy, which demonstrated an abnormal lesion in the bladder wall that was confirmed on biopsy. In our study, we discuss the case of a patient with breast cancer metastatic to the bladder despite a normal cystoscopic evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madeb
authors.forename: Inna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naroditsky
authors.forename: Sarel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halachmi
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nativ
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary