title: Insertion of the minimally invasive direct cardiac massage device (MIDCM): training on human cadavers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, a new device for minimally invasive direct cardiac massage (MIDCM) has been developed. In animal models of cardiopulmonary resuscitation MIDCM has been shown to provide better organ perfusion than external chest compressions (ECC) massage. Since this device has been developed to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans, its use must be simple. Thus, we measured the time required for the insertion of the MIDCM device on human cadavers.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 1 h theoretical course, physicians and surgeons were asked to use the MIDCM device on human cadavers. We measured the time from the cutaneous incision to the first direct cardiac compression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean time required for the insertion of the MIDCM device was 16+/-11 s (range 8-58 s). The insertion time required for each group of physicians were as follows, 15+/-8 s for anaesthesiologists (range 8-28 s), 11+/-2 s for cardiac surgeons (range 9-15 s), 42+/-14 s for cardiologists (range 27-58 s), and 12+/-4 s for intensive care physicians (range 8-18). All participants compared the insertion of the MIDCM device favorably with the insertion of a chest drain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MIDCM device can be placed in a few seconds in human cadavers by physicians familiar with chest drain insertion. Theoretical course and training with the device may be useful especially for those who are not familiar with chest drain insertion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, CHU de Caen, France. hanouz-jl@chu-caen.fr
authors.forename: Jean Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hanouz
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thuaudet
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramakers
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bessodes
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charbonneau
authors.forename: Jean Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gérard
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bricard
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006336:Heart Massage / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011336:Probability; D013997:Time Factors