title: In vitro release study of verapamil hydrochloride through sodium alginate interpenetrating monolithic membranes.
abstract: Polymeric sodium alginate interpenetrating network membranes containing verapamil hydrochloride were fabricated for transdermal application. The membranes were evaluated for their physical properties, weight and thickness uniformity, water vapor transmission, as well as drug content uniformity. All the thin patches were transparent, smooth, and flexible. The drug-loaded membranes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction to understand the drug polymorphism inside the membrane. The transdermal patches were permeable to water vapor, indicating the permeability characteristics of the polymers. The in vitro drug release was performed in distilled water using a Keshary-Chien diffusion cell. The release data were analyzed to understand the mechanism of drug release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kurkuri
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kariduraganavar
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Aminabhavi
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D004058:Diffusion; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D007700:Kinetics; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010539:Permeability; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013997:Time Factors; D014700:Verapamil / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D014700:Verapamil