title: [St Jude's bi-leaflet aortic valve prosthesis throughout two decades. Quality profile and risk factors].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The St Jude standard aortic bi-leaflet disc valve is still the most widespread. With almost 20 years of follow-up, the present material may describe the quality profile of the valve and the relevant risk factors throughout the remainder of most patients' lives.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 100% complete follow-up was conducted of 694 adult patients who had an aortic valve replacement with the St Jude valve during 1980-1993. The Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival was 79%, 58%, 39%, and 37% at 5, 10, 15, and 18 years, respectively. Only 12% of the deaths (0.60%/patient-year) were valve-related with a 15-year freedom of 91%. Embolism (1.18%/patient-year) and anticoagulant-related bleeding (2.24%/patient-year) were the dominant complications with 15-year freedoms of 80% and 72%. Valve thrombosis was noted in two patients (0.04%/patient-year) who were off anticoagulation. Mechanical failure was not observed. Endocarditis (0.42%/patient-year) had a 15-year freedom of 92% compared with 72% and 54%, respectively, for major valve (2.33%/patient-year) and all valve-related complications together (4.33%/patient-year) and 96% for aortic valve reoperation (0.36%/patient-year). Age of the patient and heart-related variables were identified as independent risk factors for mortality and valve-related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a follow-up of almost two decades showing a low incidence of valve-related deaths, acceptable thrombogenicity, and absence of mechanical failure, the St Jude bi-leaflet aortic disc valve sets the standard for contemporary mechanical valves.
authors.affiliation: Arhus Universitetshospital, Skejby Sygehus, hjerte-lunge-karkirurgisk afdeling og hjertemedicinsk afdeling.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arildsen
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ilkjaer
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Pilegaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors