title: The ovariectomized ewe model in the evaluation of biomaterials for prosthetic devices in spinal fixation.
abstract: The effect of surgical ovariectomy on cancellous bone was investigated by comparing mechanical properties and microarchitectural characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized and sham-operated ewes. Eighteen mongrel ewes, 4+/-1 years old, were randomly divided into three groups: 6 animals served as a control group (Baseline), 6 were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX), and the others were used as a sham-operated group (SHAM). OVX and SHAM ewes were euthanized 24 months after surgery; the L5 vertebrae were processed for mechanical and histomorphometric analyses. Maximum load, maximum strength (p<0.0005) and elastic modulus (p <0.005) decreased by about 28% in the OVX group in comparison with the other groups. In the OVX group, vertebral cancellous bone volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular number decreased by about 32% (p<0.0005), 15% (p=0.001) and 20% (p=0.019), respectively. An overall decrease in the bone turnover rate of the OVX group was registered in terms of bone formation rate (p=0.007) and activation frequency (p<0.0005). The variations observed in cancellous bone mechanics and histomorphometry would suggest the development of an osteopenic state in ewe vertebrae at 24 months. Such findings may be useful for future experimental investigations on biomaterials and prosthetic devices to be implanted in the osteopenic spine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy. gianluca.giavaresi@ior.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giavaresi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giardino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes