title: Leakage evaluation of root end filling materials using endotoxin.
abstract: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been shown to possess excellent sealing ability when tested with dye, bacteria, and a fluid filtration technique. Endotoxin, a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of periradicular lesions. This study used a modified Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test for the presence of endotoxin as a tracer and compared the sealing ability of Super-EBA, IRM, amalgam, and MTA. The results showed that MTA permitted less endotoxin leakage than IRM and amalgam at 1, 2, 6, and 12 wk (p < 0.05), and leaked less than Super-EBA at 2 and 12 wk (p < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, CA 92350, USA.
authors.forename: Hong Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabinejad
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kettering
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004731:Endotoxins; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008033:Limulus Test; D016014:Linear Models; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012184:Retrograde Obturation; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004202:Disinfectants; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D017640:Silicates; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C031667:IRM cement; D003723:Dental Amalgam; C084074:Super EBA; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite