title: OxLDL upregulates growth-regulation oncogene alpha expression in human endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of oxLDL on CXC chemokine growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO alpha) expression in human endothelial cells and the possible functional significance of the effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  LDL was isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation and oxidized to oxLDL. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with GAPDH as internal standard was applied and CXC chemokine GRO alpha mRNA in endothelial ECV304 cells was examined. ELISA was used to determine GRO alpha protein expression on ECV304 cells surface and in the medium. With static cell adhesion assays, the physiological significance of elevated GRO alpha expression was tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OxLDL, not LDL, treatment of ECV304 cells significantly induced the expression of GRO alpha mRNA that was not detectable in untreated cells. Induction of expression was first evident at 1 h, became maximal at 2 h, and was substantially decreased by 4 h. In a concentration- and time-dependent manner, oxLDL, and not LDL, induced a significant upregulation of GRO alpha surface expression in ECV304 cells that was at a barely detectable level in unstimulated ECV304 cells. GRO alpha protein in the medium did not change significantly. Exposure of ECV304 cells to 40 micrograms protein/ml oxLDL for 24 h resulted in a marked increase in the number of U937 cells bound to ECV304 cells and antibodies to GRO alpha inhibited adhesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OxLDL functionally upregulated GRO alpha expression in endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Area, Jinan 250021, China. leizhubin88@email.com.cn
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D020298:U937 Cells; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein