title: Balancing multiple roles among a group of urban midlife American Indian working women.
abstract: Presented are the results of a secondary analysis of group data from a study of a six-week role conflict reduction intervention among a group of urban American Indian women (n = 8). The specific aim of this researcher was to understand the process of balancing multiple roles as expressed in the participants' daily lived experiences as mothers, wives, and workers. A construction of the process of balancing multiple roles was accomplished through the use of narratives. Balancing multiple roles represented a major current attempt on the part of the participants to integrate and balance traditional and contemporary feminine strengths in a positive, culturally consistent manner. The study themes included: traditional sex role expectation conflicts, family guilt, guilt management, transitioning inner conflict and stress, breaking the silence-learning to say no, and healing the spirit to reclaim the self. Further support for retraditionalization of roles for this group of Indian women was maintained as an effective means of balancing roles and achieving Indian self-determination.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 53201, USA. napholz@csu.uwm.edu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Napholz
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D005260:Female; D019513:Feminism; D005783:Gender Identity; D006167:Guilt; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D018454:Spouses / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D014922:Wisconsin; D014931:Women, Working / Q000523:psychology*