title: Ex-vivo short-term culture and developmental assessment of Plasmodium vivax.
abstract: A simple reproducible method for short-term ex-vivo Plasmodium vivax culture is presented in which glucose, ascorbic acid, thiamine, hypoxanthine, and 50% human AB+ serum are added to the standard P. falciparum in-vitro culture medium. Culture of freshly obtained blood samples from patients with acute vivax malaria with > 0.5% parasitaemia resulted in > 95% complete schizogony. Culture could be continued for 5-6 cycles without the addition of red cells. Criteria for staging the erythrocytic development of P. vivax in the first schizogonic cycle based on synchronous ex-vivo culture are presented. The asexual cycle was divided into 7 morphological stages: tiny ring (0-6 h), small ring (6-12 h), large ring (12-18 h), early trophozoite (18-28 h), late trophozoite (28-36 h), early schizont (36-42 h) and mature schizont (42-48 h). This simple method of culturing P. vivax ex vivo is suitable for antimalarial susceptibility and immunoparasitology studies.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. fnnjw@diamond.mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chotivanich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Silamut
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Udomsangpetch
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Stepniewska
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pukrittayakamee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Looareesuwan
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology; D010274:Parasitology / Q000379:methods*; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000254:growth & development*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media