title: Polyarteritis nodosa and microscopic polyangiitis: etiologic and diagnostic considerations.
abstract: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of medium-sized vessels with clinical manifestations resulting from ischemia and infarction of affected tissues and organs. Although the cause of most cases of PAN and the related disorder microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) remains largely unknown, there has been significant progress in understanding the pathogenesis of vascular inflammation. The diagnostic approach to PAN and MPA should be individualized and based on specific organ involvement. Because no test or clinical finding reliably indicates the presence or absence of PAN or MPA, diagnosis requires integration of clinical findings, angiography, and biopsy data.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 415 Lyons-Harrison Research Building, Birmingham, AL 35294-0007, USA.
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: S Louis
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bridges
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002196:Capillaries / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D010488:Polyarteritis Nodosa / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*