title: Effect of xenogenic repair enzymes on photoimmunology and photocarcinogenesis.
abstract: Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation leads to an increased generation of UVB-induced skin damage in humans. The most important UVB-induced side effects are UVB-induced immunosuppression and photocarcinogenesis and there is a large body of evidence that cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) induced by UVB radiation play a pivotal role in both processes. The topical application of DNA repair enzymes is a new innovative strategy to reduce the amount of CPDs in human skin. Two different methods have recently been established. The use of T4 endonuclease V was of clinical efficacy in protecting patients with a nucleotide excision repair defect from premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Application of photolyase, a xenogenic enzyme which has been found in different organisms is also capable of removing UVB-induced CPD from normal human skin cells in vivo and appears to be more effective than T4 endonuclease V in damage removal. Photolyase encapsulated in liposomes may have in the near future a broad use as an active ingredient in modern skin care products.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Photodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. stege@med.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stege
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000276:immunology; D004255:Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D043224:Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer); D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014764:Viral Proteins
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; C470698:endonuclease V, phage T4; D043224:Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer); D004255:Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase