title: Reduced risk of tuberculosis among Brazilian patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: This observational study assessed the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy on the risk of tuberculosis among 255 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and advanced immunodeficiency who were living in an area of Brazil with a high incidence of tuberculosis. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in regions with a high prevalence of coinfection with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis may contribute a lower incidence of tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santoro-Lopes
authors.forename: Ana Maria Felix
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Pinho
authors.forename: Lee H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schechter
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*