title: Use of nutritional supplements by high school football and volleyball players.
abstract: The known use of performance enhancing agents by athletes has occurred throughout history. In the 1960s and 1970s steroids and amphetamines were the supplements most often used. Now athletes are turning to supplements that are either natural or stimulate the release of natural hormones. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of use of nutritional supplements among high school football and volleyball players. This study surveyed 495 male football players and 407 female volleyball players from 20 high schools in Northwest Iowa. These athletes completed anonymous surveys and returned them to their coaches. Results showed that 8% of the male athletes and 2% of the female athletes were using supplementation. Supplements used included creatine, androstiendione, HMB, amino acids, DHEA, phosphogen, weight gainer 1850, Tribulus, muscle plus, multivitamins, calcium, GABA, and Shaklee Vita Lea and Physique.
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Northwest, Spencer, IA 51301, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giza
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lonning
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Wilkerson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003401:Creatine; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013177:Sports; D014631:Valerates
chemical_list: D014631:Valerates; C004961:beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D003401:Creatine