title: Early clinical assessment for harsh child discipline strategies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationships among four maternal variables: 1) prenatal report of discipline expectant mothers received when they were children, 2) prenatal intentions for disciplining one's own child, 3) report of intended child discipline strategies when infant is 8 months old, and 4) observed maternal role sufficiency behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Replication and extension study; 3-wave prospective longitudinal design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The procedure consisted of prenatal clinic interviews in which women (N = 185) reported how their mothers handled specific child behaviors and how they intended to handle the same behaviors with their children. During a home visit when their babies were 8 months old, the mothers (n = 126) were again asked how they intended to handle these behaviors, and observations were made of maternal role sufficiency behaviors. Correlation and regression analyses were performed with data generated from an adaptation of the Ways of Handling Irritating Behavior scale, the NCAST Teaching Scale, and the HOME scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant relationship was found between mothers' prenatal reports of discipline received as a child and prenatal reports of intentions for disciplining their own children. For mothers of infants, reported intentions for future child discipline strategies were predicted by their prenatal reports. Mothers with clinically at-risk scores on the NCAST Teaching Scale and HOME scale reported more intended harsh child discipline strategies than those not at-risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment for harsh, nonnurturing child discipline strategies during prenatal and well-baby health maintenance checks may assist in uncovering "red flags" for early intervention to reduce the risk of later child abuse and neglect.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Science, 3C4, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA. kgaffney@gmu.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Gaffney
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barndt-Maglio
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Shelley J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kollar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D016389:Maternal-Child Nursing; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011678:Punishment