title: Fate of intramural coronary arteries after arterial switch operation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the impact of intramural coronary arteries for the peri-, postoperative and long-term course after arterial switch operation (ASO).
  
  
  METHODS
  ASO was performed in 351 patients between 1981 and 2000 with dextrotransposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). Five patients (1.4 %) had an intramural coronary artery. Coronary transfer was performed with a collar under dissection of the commissure without longitudinal splitting of the intramural section.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of these patients died; the intraoperative course was uneventful, and no myocardial ischemic changes were observed. In three patients, follow-up cardiac catheterization after 5, 16 and 53 months revealed an occlusion of the intramural coronary ostium. Exercise electrocardiography and myocardial scintiscan showed myocardial ischemia. Two of these patients underwent a successful internal mammary artery bypass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intramural course of coronary arteries in patients with d-TGA is rare and does not cause increased mortality or myocardial infarction rates. However, the risk of coronary occlusion over time seems to be high. Therefore, patients with this condition require selective coronary angiography and frequent exercise investigations. Revascularization with an internal mammary artery bypass may be indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic- and Cardiovascular Surgery, Aachen University Hospital, Germany. SachwehJS@aol.com
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sachweh
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tiete
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jockenhoevel
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Mühler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: von Bernuth
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Messmer
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Daebritz
mesh_terms: D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000601:surgery*