title: Reduction of enteric microorganisms at the Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority Water Reclamation Plant.
abstract: The Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority (UOSA) Water Reclamation Plant, Centreville, Virginia, is a state-of-the-art wastewater treatment plant that was created to treat area wastewater and provide protection for the Occoquan Reservoir. This study investigated UOSA's unit processes as barriers to pathogenic as well as altemative and traditional-indicator microorganisms. Samples were collected once a month for 1 year from eight sites within UOSA's advanced wastewater reclamation plant. The eight sites were monitored for indicator bacteria total and fecal coliforms, enterococci, Clostridium, coliphage (the virus that infects Escherichia coli), human enteroviruses, and enteric protozoa. Overall, the plant was able to achieve a 5- to 7-log10 reduction of bacteria, 5-log10 reduction of enteroviruses, 4-log10 reduction for Clostridium, and 4.6-log10 reduction of protozoa. Total coliforms, enterococci, Clostridium, coliphage, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia were all detected in four or fewer samples of the final effluent. No enteroviruses or fecal coliforms were detected in the final effluent. The microbiological quality of reclaimed water and the reservoir water were compared. In every case, the treated wastewater was of a better quality than the ambient water in the reservoir, thus indicating that the reclaimed water will not adversely affect the water quality for downstream users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences of the University of South Florida, St Petersburg 33701, USA. jrose@seas.marine.usf.edu
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Farrah
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Lukasik
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hamann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003013:Clostridium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005872:Giardia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health; D011786:Quality Control; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage