title: Modulation of angiogenesis and progelatinase a by thrombin receptor mimetics and antagonists.
abstract: The angiogenic action of thrombin has been shown to be mediated by activation of the thrombin receptor. In this report we studied the effects of SFLLR, an agonist of the activated thrombin receptor and thrombin receptor peptide and non peptide antagonists on angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) system. As antagonists were used the tripeptide FPR and non-peptide 1,4-disubstituted piperazine derivatives. The pentapeptide SFLLR, like thrombin, caused a marked stimulation of angiogenesis in the CAM. FPR and the piperazine derivatives caused suppression of angiogenesis and in combination with thrombin antagonized its angiogenic effect. Thrombin and SFLLR activated progelatinase A (MMP-2) in the culture medium of human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs). MMP-2 is involved in the early steps of angiogenesis leading to local dissolution of basement membrane collagen and migration of the activated endothelial cells. FPR and the piperazine derivatives inhibited the activation of this enzyme. They also antagonised the effects of both thrombin and SFLLR on MMP-2 activation. These results suggest that non-thrombogenic agonists or antagonists of the activated thrombin receptor can be used as modulators of angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Maragoudakis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kraniti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannopoulou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alexopoulos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matsoukas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: C090291:C186 65; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D009842:Oligopeptides; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin; D013917:Thrombin; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C069860:progelatinase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2