title: Sequence variation in a newly identified HLA-B35-restricted epitope in the influenza A virus nucleoprotein associated with escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
abstract: Here, we describe a new HLA-B*3501-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope in the influenza A virus (H3N2) nucleoprotein, which was found to exhibit a high degree of variation at nonanchor residues. The influenza virus variants emerged in chronological order, and CTLs directed against old variants failed to recognize more recent strains of influenza A virus, indicating an escape from CTL immunity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A C M
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Boon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Mutsert
authors.forename: Y M F
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Graus
authors.forename: R A M
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fouchier
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sintnicolaas
authors.forename: A D M E
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rimmelzwaan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D015797:HLA-B35 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D015797:HLA-B35 Antigen; C048842:NP protein, Influenza A virus; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014758:Viral Core Proteins