title: A versatile reactor for continuous monitoring of biofilm properties in laboratory and industrial conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The understanding of the dynamics of surface microbial colonization with concomitant monitoring of biofilm formation requires the development of biofilm reactors that enable direct and real-time evaluation under different hydrodynamic conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This work proposes and discusses a simple flow cell reactor that provides a means to monitoring biofilm growth by periodical removing biofilm-attached slides for off-line, both non-destructive and destructive biofilm analyses. This is managed without the stoppage of the flow, thus reducing the contamination and the disturbance of the biofilm development. With this flow cell, biofilm growth and respiratory activity can be easily followed, either in well-defined laboratory conditions or in an industrial environment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reproducible and typical biofilm development curves obtained, validated this flow cell and confirmed its potential for different biofilm-related studies, which can include biocidal treatment.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Engenharia Biológica-IBQF, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Melo
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D007221:Industry; D007753:Laboratories