title: Regulation of corepressor function by nuclear NADH.
abstract: The corepressor CtBP (carboxyl-terminal binding protein) is involved in transcriptional pathways important for development, cell cycle regulation, and transformation. We demonstrate that CtBP binding to cellular and viral transcriptional repressors is regulated by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides NAD+ and NADH, with NADH being two to three orders of magnitude more effective. Levels of free nuclear nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides, determined using two-photon microscopy, correspond to the levels required for half-maximal CtBP binding and are considerably lower than those previously reported. Agents capable of increasing NADH levels stimulate CtBP binding to its partners in vivo and potentiate CtBP-mediated repression. We propose that this ability to detect changes in nuclear NAD+/NADH ratio allows CtBP to serve as a redox sensor for transcription.
authors.affiliation: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
authors.forename: Qinghong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Piston
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
chemical_list: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins; D015820:Cadherins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C486307:ZEB1 protein, human; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1; D009243:NAD; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C096794:C-terminal binding protein