Structural brain abnormalities in adult males with clefts of the lip and/or palate.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate brain morphology of adult males with nonsyndromic clefts of the lip and/or palate (NSCLP) in comparison to a matched healthy control group.


METHODS
Brain structure was measured using quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance images.


RESULTS
Subjects with NSCLP had significant abnormalities in brain morphology consisting of abnormally enlarged anterior regions of the cerebrum, and decreased volumes of the posterior cerebrum and cerebellum. Overall, the most severely affected region was the left temporal lobe. Furthermore, these structural abnormalities were directly related to cognitive dysfunction.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings highlight the important relationship and interplay between face and brain development.
Nopoulos
Peg
P
Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Berg
Stephanie
S
Canady
John
J
Richman
Lynn
L
Van Demark
Duane
D
Andreasen
Nancy C
NC
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000002:abnormalities