title: [The role of nitric oxide in hyperdynamic circulation in portal hypertensive rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hyper-hemodynamics in portal hypertension, we investigated the effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NMMA with or without L-arginine, the substrate for enzyme NO synthase on the systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in portal hypertensive rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: intrahepatic portal hypertension (IHPH, n = 23) by injection of CCl4, prehepatic portal hypertension (PHPH, n = 26) by stenosis of the portal vein, end-to-side portacaval shunt (PCS, n = 23), and sham-operated controls (SO, n = 25). Animals of each group were divided into three subgroups: systemic administration of L-NMMA (50 mg/kg BW, 1 ml), L-NMMA (50 mg/kg BW, 0.5 ml) plus L-arginine (30 mg/kg BW, 0.5 ml), and normal saline solution (1 ml). The radioactive microsphere method was used for hemodynamic study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was the characteristic of hyperdynamic circulatory state including increased cardiac output and splanchnic blood flow, decreased mean arterial blood pressure, total peripheral vascular resistance and splanchnic vascular resistance in IHPH, PHPH and PCS rats. The hyperdynamic circulatory state in IHPH, PHPH and PCS rats could be effectively reversed by L-NMMA to the resting values of hemodynamics in SO rats, but not the levels after administration of L-NMMA in SO rats, indicating that there is excessive production of NO in portal hypertensive and PCS rats. Administration of L-arginine counterbalanced the effects of L-NMMA on hyperdynamic circulatory state in portal hypertensive and PCS rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NO is an important mediator of hyperdynamic circulation in portal hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011170:Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase