[Tuberculosis among HIV-infected persons in Norway].
BACKGROUND
HIV-infected persons have a considerably higher risk of developing active tuberculosis than immunocompetent individuals. Tuberculosis is the only opportunistic infection among HIV-infected persons that presents a potential health risk to the general population.


METHODS
We present a review on this topic based on relevant literature and clinical experience.


RESULTS
Treatment options are limited because of interactions between rifamycins and protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside analogues. When concomitant therapy against HIV infection and tuberculosis is indicated, we suggest a first-line regimen of rifabutin combined with either indinavir or nelfinavir. For patients without severe immunodeficiency, anti-retroviral therapy can be postponed until the end of the initial phase of the anti-tuberculosis treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of concurrent HIV infection and tuberculosis is complex and may involve multiple drug regimens. Treating the latent infection could in many cases prevent active tuberculosis. All HIV-infected persons should be evaluated with respect to active tuberculosis and latent infection.
Ormaasen
V
V
Infeksjonsmedisinsk avdeling Medisinsk divisjon Ullevål sykehus 0407 Oslo. vidar.ormaasen@ioks.uio.no
Maeland
A
A
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents