title: Effects of acetylcholine and spermineNONOate on erythrocyte hemorheologic and oxygen carrying properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of acetylcholine and spermineNONOate--a NO donor--on RBC membrane and oxygen carrying properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aliquots of venous blood from eleven healthy subjects were incubated with ACh 10(-3) M, ACh 10(-5) M, spermineNONOate 10(-5) M and spermineNONOate 10(-4) M. The following parameters were determined: erythrocyte aggregation and deformability, hematocrit, plasma pH, osmolality, K(+), Na(+), Ca(2+) concentrations, hemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin concentrations, oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures and p50.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In presence of ACh there is an increase of erythrocyte deformability, decrease of erythrocyte aggregation, plasma pH, K(+) and Na(+) concentration, increase of Ca(2+) concentration and p50. In presence of spermineNONOate there is an increase of erythrocyte deformability, plasma pH, decrease of Na(+) and Ca(2+) concentration, increase of metHb concentration and decrease of p50.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acetylcholine and spermineNONOate are able to induce changes on RBC membrane and oxygen carrying properties.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal. ruimesquita@medscape.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saldanha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martins-Silva
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D002412:Cations / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability / Q000187:drug effects; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D018056:Hemorheology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D010313:Partial Pressure; D013096:Spermine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D006454:Hemoglobins; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C091861:spermine nitric oxide complex; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D013096:Spermine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008706:Methemoglobin; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin; D000109:Acetylcholine; D010100:Oxygen