title: Clenbuterol prevents epinephrine from antagonizing insulin-stimulated muscle glucose uptake.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic clenbuterol treatment on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the presence of epinephrine in isolated rat skeletal muscle. Insulin (50 microU/ml) increased glucose uptake in both fast-twitch (epitrochlearis) and slow-twitch (soleus) muscles. In the presence of 24 nM epinephrine, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was completely suppressed. This suppression of glucose uptake by epinephrine was accompanied by an increase in the intracellular concentration of glucose 6-phosphate and a decrease in insulin-receptor substrate-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (IRS-1/PI3-kinase) activity. Clenbuterol treatment had no direct effect on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. However, after clenbuterol treatment, epinephrine was ineffective in attenuating insulin-stimulated muscle glucose uptake. This ineffectiveness of epinephrine to suppress insulin-stimulated glucose uptake occurred in conjunction with its inability to increase the intracellular concentration of glucose 6-phosphate and attenuate IRS-1/PI3-kinase activity. Results of this study indicate that the effectiveness of epinephrine to inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is severely diminished in muscle from rats pretreated with clenbuterol.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Desmond G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Zhenping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ivy
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C526296:Irs1 protein, rat; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; D006003:Glycogen; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D005947:Glucose; D002976:Clenbuterol; D004837:Epinephrine