title: Hailey-Hailey disease: molecular and clinical characterization of novel mutations in the ATP2C1 gene.
abstract: Hailey-Hailey disease is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by suprabasal cell separation (acantholysis) of the epidermis. Mutations in ATP2C1, the gene encoding a novel, P-type Ca2+-transport ATPase, were recently found to cause Hailey-Hailey disease. In this study, we used conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis to screen all 28 translated exons of ATP2C1 in 24 Hailey-Hailey disease families and three sporadic cases with the disorder. We identified 22 different mutations, 18 of which have not previously been reported, in 25 probands. The novel mutations comprise three nonsense, six insertion/deletion, three splice-site, and six missense mutations and are distributed throughout the ATP2C1 gene. Six mutations were found in multiple families investigated here or in our previous study. Haplotype analysis revealed that two of these are recurrent mutations that have not been inherited from a common ancestor. Comparison between genotype and phenotype in 23 families failed to yield any clear correlation between the nature of the mutation and clinical features of Hailey-Hailey disease. The extensive interfamilial and intrafamilial phenotypic variability observed suggests that modifying genes and/or environmental factors may greatly influence the clinical features of this disease.
authors.affiliation: The Wellcome Trust Center For Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dobson-Stone
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fairclough
authors.forename: Eimear
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dissanayake
authors.forename: Colin S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Munro
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sudbrak
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Monaco
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hovnanian
mesh_terms: D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics*; D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology*; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016506:Pemphigus, Benign Familial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010641:Phenotype; D022821:RNA Splice Sites / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D022821:RNA Splice Sites; C403624:ATP2C1 protein, human; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases