title: The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF-C in early laryngeal cancer: relationship with radioresistance.
abstract: Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and invasion. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prime mediator of tumour angiogenesis. VEGF-C is a closely related protein that effects lymphatic endothelial cells and may be important in the process of lymphatic metastasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of these cytokines in patients with T1 and T2a glottic, squamous cell carcinoma, in comparison with normal epithelial control tissue, to ascertain any association with radioresistance. Twenty-two tumours treated by radiotherapy (13 radiosensitive, nine radioresistant) and seven normal control tissues were studied. The minimum follow-up was 2 years after radiotherapy. Expression of VEGF and VEGF-C was evaluated by immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens. Analysis was carried out using a quantitative computer image analyser. Both VEGF and VEGF-C were detectable in tumour and normal control specimens. There was increased expression in tumour specimens of both VEGF (P = 0.03) and VEGF-C (P < 0.001). In addition, the expression of VEGF-C was associated with tumours of higher histological grade (P = 0.021). There was, however, no difference in VEGF and VEGF-C expression between radioresistant and radiosensitive tumours. The expression of VEGF and VEGF-C is increased in early laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, measuring the expression of these proteins cannot predict radioresistance in this tumour group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Hull, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Homer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenman
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Stafford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors