title: A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of psychopathology in adults with congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have suggested high levels of psychopathology in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, little information is published relating to psychopathology in adults with CHD. We wanted to estimate the prevalence of psychopathology in adults with CHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of attenders at an adult CHD clinic compared with orthopaedic outpatients of the same hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary CHD clinic in South Wales, the comparison group being recruited from the orthopaedic outpatient clinic in the same teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and one individuals attending the CHD clinic were identified, 87 successfully completed questionnaires. Forty-five from 80 randomly selected orthopaedic outpatients completed questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  The General Health Questionnaire 30 (GHQ30) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a statistically significant difference in the mean GHQ 30 score between the CHD and comparison groups, the CHD group having lower scores. The difference remained after adjustment for age and sex. The mean HADS scores differed in the same direction, and were of borderline statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, adult subjects with CHD had a lower prevalence of psychopathology. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychological Medicine, Academic Unit, University of Wales College of Medicine, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Glyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Kieran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence