title: Effect of medium tonicity and dextran on neutrophil function in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple investigations have demonstrated that hypertonic saline (HS) diminishes the response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to stimulation. Recent meta-analysis suggests that hypertonic saline in dextran (HSD) is clinically superior to HS. No work to date has examined the effect of added dextran on this immunomodulatory property.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human PMNs were exposed to media of varying osmolarity (220-360 mOsm/L) and stimulated with f-met-leu-phe with or without dextran present in the medium. Cell volume, respiratory burst, PMN aggregation, and beta(2)-integrin (CD18) expression were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stimulation with f-met-leu-phe increased cell volume, respiratory burst, aggregation, and CD18 expression. The increases in cell volume, respiratory burst, and aggregation were significantly attenuated by exposure to hypertonic medium. The addition of dextran to the media did not change the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alterations in PMN function associated with HS are not changed or attenuated by the addition of dextran, suggesting that the clinically superior HSD may have effects similar to HS in mitigating the tissue damage associated with activated PMNs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05401, USA.
authors.forename: Scott L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Fahrner
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shackford
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bourguignon
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bednar
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shatney-Leach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D003911:Dextrans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018821:CD18 Antigens; D003911:Dextrans; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic