title: Virtual coronary angioscopy using multislice computed tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With faster image acquisition times and thinner slice widths, multislice detector computed tomography (MSCT) allows visualisation of human coronary arteries with diagnostic image quality. In addition to conventional axial slices, virtual coronary angioscopies (VCA) can be reconstructed using MSCT datasets.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of reconstructing VCA and to determine the clinical value of this new application in detecting atherosclerotic coronary artery lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Datasets obtained by contrast enhanced non-invasive coronary angiography using MSCT (Somatom VZ) were analysed from 14 consecutive patients. VCA were simulated in 14 coronary arteries (left anterior descending, n = 7; right coronary, n = 7). Lesion detection was undertaken on conventional contrast enhanced axial slices, as well as by VCA. Intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) was used as the gold standard for in vivo plaque detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  38 lesions were detected both on ICUS and on axial slices: 14 severe target lesions of > 75% area stenosis (11 calcified, three non-calcified), and 24 intermediate lesions of < or = 75% area stenosis (seven calcified, 17 non-calcified). Using VCA, all severe lesions (n = 14) and all calcified intermediate plaques (n = 7) could clearly be identified. However, non-calcified intermediate lesions (n = 17) could not be accurately distinguished from the vessel wall; they were recognised as vessel wall alterations without significant luminal narrowing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current MSCT technology allows reconstruction of VCA with good image quality. Despite a more anatomical view of heart and coronary vessels on three dimensional reconstruction, conventional axial slices were found to be superior for detecting coronary lesions. Thus further technical innovations are required before VCA can become a useful technique in clinical cardiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology Eberhard-Karls-University, Tuebingen, Germany. stephen.schroeder@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ohnesorge
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Loke-Gie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuettner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumbach
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herdeg
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Karsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003198:Computer Simulation / Q000592:standards; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography