title: Effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diaphragm muscle force and fatigue are key factors in the development of respiratory failure. Almitrine is used to improve ventilatory drive and ventilation-perfusion matching in respiratory failure. Recently, it has also been shown to improve diaphragm muscle force and endurance in young rats, but it is not known if this effect persists with ageing.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  In young and old rats, isometric contractile properties were measured in strips of isolated diaphragm muscle in physiological saline solution at 30 degrees C with or without almitrine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In young animals, almitrine increased twitch tension, reduced half-relaxation time and increased endurance, but had no effect on tetanic tension, contraction time or tension-frequency relationship. Ageing had no effect on endurance, but did reduce twitch and tetanic tension and contraction and half-relaxation time. Almitrine had no effect on contractile tension and kinetics, tension-frequency relationship or on endurance in the old animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ageing negates the beneficial effects of almitrine on diaphragm muscle force and endurance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cantillon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bradford
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015765:Almitrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D046508:Culture Techniques; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015765:Almitrine