title: Cutting edge: the toll pathway is required for resistance to gram-positive bacterial infections in Drosophila.
abstract: In Drosophila, the response against various microorganisms involves different recognition and signaling pathways, as well as distinct antimicrobial effectors. On the one hand, the immune deficiency pathway regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides that are active against Gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, the Toll pathway is involved in the defense against filamentous fungi and controls the expression of antifungal peptide genes. The gene coding for the only known peptide with high activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Defensin, is regulated by both pathways. So far, survival experiments to Gram-positive bacteria have been performed with Micrococcus luteus and have failed to reveal the involvement of one or the other pathway in host defense against such infections. In this study, we report that the Toll pathway, but not that of immune deficiency, is required for resistance to other Gram-positive bacteria and that this response does not involve Defensin.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Unité Propre de Recherche 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rutschmann
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilinc
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferrandon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria; D007700:Kinetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016982:Micrococcus luteus; D009154:Mutation; D010587:Phagocytosis; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C068721:Tl protein, Drosophila; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D012313:RNA