title: Divergent functions of the proneural genes Mash1 and Ngn2 in the specification of neuronal subtype identity.
abstract: The neural bHLH genes Mash1 and Ngn2 are expressed in complementary populations of neural progenitors in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Here, we have systematically compared the activities of the two genes during neural development by generating replacement mutations in mice in which the coding sequences of Mash1 and Ngn2 were swapped. Using this approach, we demonstrate that Mash1 has the capacity to respecify the identity of neuronal populations normally derived from Ngn2-expressing progenitors in the dorsal telencephalon and ventral spinal cord. In contrast, misexpression of Ngn2 in Mash1-expressing progenitors does not result in any overt change in neuronal phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Mash1 and Ngn2 have divergent functions in specification of neuronal subtype identity, with Mash1 having the characteristics of an instructive determinant whereas Ngn2 functions as a permissive factor that must act in combination with other factors to specify neuronal phenotypes. Moreover, the ectopic expression of Ngn2 can rescue the neurogenesis defects of Mash1 null mutants in the ventral telencephalon and sympathetic ganglia but not in the ventral spinal cord and the locus coeruleus, indicating that Mash1 contribution to the specification of neuronal fates varies greatly in different lineages, presumably depending on the presence of other determinants of neuronal identity.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Université Louis Pasteur, 67404 Illkirch cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Parras
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schuurmans
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scardigli
authors.forename: Jaesang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillemot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002470:Cell Survival; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008125:Locus Coeruleus / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D010641:Phenotype; D015347:RNA Probes; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015347:RNA Probes; D014157:Transcription Factors; C499317:Ascl1 protein, mouse; C491183:NEUROG2 protein, human; C102938:Neurog2 protein, mouse