title: Denatured H-ferritin subunit is a major constituent of haemosiderin in the liver of patients with iron overload.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Iron is stored in hepatocytes in the form of ferritin and haemosiderin. There is a marked increase in iron rich haemosiderin in iron overloaded livers, and ferric iron in amounts exceeding the ferritin and haemosiderin binding capacity may promote free radical generation, causing cellular damage. The aim of this study was to characterise hepatic haemosiderin using four antibodies specific for either native or denatured H/L-ferritin subunits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ferritin and haemosiderin were prepared from the livers of three patients with post-transfusional iron overload. The assembled ferritin molecules were analysed by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)-immunoblotting. Ferritin subunits in the haemosiderin fraction were assessed by denaturing sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-PAGE-immunoblotting. Distribution of native and denatured ferritin subunits in hepatocytes was examined by immunogold electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Non-denaturing PAGE-immunoblot analyses showed that the assembled liver ferritins were recognised by the antibodies for native ferritins and not by those for the denatured subunits. Both SDS-PAGE-immunoblot and immunogold electron microscopic analyses disclosed that haemosiderin of iron overloaded liver reacted predominantly to the monoclonal antibody for the denatured H-ferritin subunit, to a lesser degree to that for denatured L-ferritin, and very weakly, if any, with antibodies for native H-ferritin or L-ferritin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that in iron overloaded liver, haemosiderin consists predominantly of denatured H-ferritin subunits.
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobune
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arosio
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niitsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001052:Apoferritins; D005293:Ferritins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D006485:Hemosiderin / Q000032:analysis*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011489:Protein Denaturation
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D005293:Ferritins; D006485:Hemosiderin; D001052:Apoferritins