title: Hormone replacement therapy trials: an update.
abstract: Recent randomized trials of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women are not consistent with the decrease in cardiovascular risk seen in observational studies of hormone therapy users compared with nonusers. Emerging evidence indicates that HRT use in some women with established coronary heart disease may be associated with prothrombotic effects or proinflammatory effects leading to adverse events. In healthy women, the decision to use HRT should be based primarily on noncardiac factors until more data becomes available that is relevant to this population. Several alternatives to HRT, including phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators, have favorable effects on cardiovascular risk factors, but their impact on clinical outcomes remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 622 West 168th Street, PH 10-203B, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Claire S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Duvernoy
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mosca
mesh_terms: D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones; D008875:Middle Aged; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D017698:Postmenopause; D011322:Primary Prevention; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D007529:Isoflavones; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D013629:Tamoxifen; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride