title: Chronologic electrocardiographic changes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with cardiac troponin 1 mutation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deletion of lysine 183 (K183del) in the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) gene is one of the mutations that causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, the phenotypic expression of this mutation has not been well established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed 10 probands with HCM associated with a K183del in the cTnI gene, as well as their family members. Forty-seven of these 80 subjects were found to be carriers and 33 were noncarriers. In the carrier subjects, electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities were initially noted during the early teenage years preceding echocardiographic abnormalities. Abnormal Q waves were found first and most frequently compared with other ECG abnormalities. Abnormal Q waves were frequently observed in leads II, III, aVF, V5, and V6 in teenage patients, whereas they were observed in many leads in patients >20 years old. The youngest of the 11 patients who had sudden cardiac death among studied pedigrees was a 14-year-old boy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the first phenotypic manifestation in patients with HCM associated with a K183del mutation in the cTnI gene is abnormal Q waves in leads II, III, aVF, V5, and V6 during the early teenage years. To prevent sudden death in family members of patients with this mutation, it may be necessary to genetically diagnose it before age 10 years and to pay careful attention to any development of abnormal Q waves.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disorders, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. shimizu@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiyama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Tatsumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mabuchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D019210:Troponin I / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I