title: Subcutaneous or intrahepatic injection of suicide gene modified tumour cells induces a systemic antitumour response in a metastatic model of colon carcinoma in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suicide gene therapy consists of the transfer into tumour cells of a "suicide" gene that can convert a non-toxic compound into a lethal drug. Expression of the cytosine deaminase gene leads to the conversion of the non-toxic compound 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil. We have recently shown that "suicide cell based vaccination" consisting of intrahepatic injection of cytosine deaminase expressing colon cancer cells followed by 5-fluorocytosine treatment induces regression of a distant wild-type liver tumour in rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to test if (i) a distant bystander effect on a liver tumour can be induced after subcutaneous suicide cell based vaccination and (ii) suicide cell based vaccination is efficient in limiting tumour dissemination to extrahepatic compartments.
  
  
  METHODS
  An aggressive variant of rat colon carcinoma cells was selected after successive passages in vitro. Rats carrying an experimental liver "metastasis" generated by injection of these cells were vaccinated by subcapsular or subcutaneous injection of cytosine deaminase expressing cells followed by 5-fluorocytosine treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subcutaneous and subcapsular vaccination induced 70% regression in the median volume of the pre-established liver tumour (p=0.001) and abolished tumour dissemination compared with control animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has compared for the first time the efficiency of subcutaneous and intrahepatic suicide cell based vaccination in a metastatic colorectal carcinoma model in rats. The results indicate that both modes of vaccination are equally efficient in inducing a systemic antitumour response, suggesting that this strategy is a powerful approach against the development and dissemination of metastatic colon carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Unité INSERM 364, IFR 50, Faculté de Médecine, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice cedex 2, France. pierrefi@unice.fr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pierrefite-Carle
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baqué
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gavelli
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brossette
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benchimol
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourgeon
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Saint Paul
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staccini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024201:Bystander Effect; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D011355:Prodrugs; D005437:Flucytosine; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D005472:Fluorouracil