title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidative properties of Salacia reticulata: preventive effects of phenolic constituents on CCl4-induced liver injury in mice.
abstract: The hepatoprotective effects of the hot water (SRHW) and methanolic (SRM) extracts from the roots and stems of Salacia reticulata were examined using an oxidative stress-induced liver injury model. Both SRHW and SRM extracts (400 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly suppressed the increase in glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated mice. These extracts also inhibited CCl4-induced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS) formation, which indicates increased lipid peroxidation in the liver. A good correlation (r=0.945, p<0.01) was observed between the amount of phenolic compounds in the extracts and their inhibitions of TBA-RS formation. The IC50 values of the extracts on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging were less than 10 microg/ml and the antioxidative activities of six phenolic compounds from the roots of S. reticulata were examined. Mangiferin, (-)-4'-O-methylepigallocatechin, and (-)-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-(-)-4'-O-methylepigallocatechin, which a principal phenolic compounds, showed potent scavenging activity on DPPH radicals and their concentrations required for 50% reduction of 40 microM DPPH radicals were 5.9, 10, and 3.2 microM, respectively. On the other hand, against the CCl4-induced serum GOT and GPT elevations and TBA-RS formation in mice, mangiferin and (-)-4'-O-methylepigallocatechin showed potent activity at a dose of 100 mg/kg, but (-)-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-(-)-4'-O-methylepigallocatechin did not. These results suggest that the antioxidative activity of the principal phenolic compounds is involved in the hepatoprotective activity of S. reticulata.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan. shoyaku@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Kiyofumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014867:Water; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000432:Methanol