title: Cell surface proteoglycan syndecan-1 mediates hepatocyte growth factor binding and promotes Met signaling in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play a crucial role in growth regulation by assembling signaling complexes and presenting growth factors to their cognate receptors. Within the immune system, expression of the HSPG syndecan-1 (CD138) is characteristic of terminally differentiated B cells, ie, plasma cells, and their malignant counterpart, multiple myeloma (MM). This study explored the hypothesis that syndecan-1 might promote growth factor signaling and tumor growth in MM. For this purpose, the interaction was studied between syndecan-1 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a putative paracrine and autocrine regulator of MM growth. The study demonstrates that syndecan-1 is capable of binding HGF and that this growth factor is indeed a potent stimulator of MM survival and proliferation. Importantly, the interaction of HGF with heparan sulfate moieties on syndecan-1 strongly promotes HGF-mediated signaling, resulting in enhanced activation of Met, the receptor tyrosine kinase for HGF. Moreover, HGF binding to syndecan-1 promotes activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, signaling routes that have been implicated in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, respectively. These results identify syndecan-1 as a functional coreceptor for HGF that promotes HGF/Met signaling in MM cells, thus suggesting a novel function for syndecan-1 in MM tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Patrick W B
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Derksen
authors.forename: Robert M J
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Keehnen
authors.forename: Ludo M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.forename: Marinus H J
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: van Oers
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spaargaren
authors.forename: Steven T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Pals
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D018631:ras Proteins; C508241:SDC1 protein, human