title: Sulindac enhances tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated apoptosis of lung cancer cell lines by inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB.
abstract: Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is induced by certain anticancer therapies, and resistance to apoptosis is a major mechanism by which tumors evade these therapies. The transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, which is frequently activated by treatment of cancer cells with different chemotherapeutic agents, promotes cell survival, whereas its inhibition leads to enhanced apoptosis. Recently, sulindac and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of the non-small cell lung carcinoma cells NCI-H157 and NCI-H1299 with sulindac greatly enhances TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis. We further show that sulindac inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated activation of NF-kappaB DNA binding and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. These results suggest that sulindac and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation may serve as useful agents in cancer chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8594.
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Udit N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Gwyndolen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Harburg
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Minna
authors.forename: Melanie H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cobb
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gaynor
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013467:Sulindac / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013467:Sulindac; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases