title: The epidermal and dermal changes associated with microdermabrasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microdermabrasion has become a popular method of skin rejuvenation for treating dyschromia, fine wrinkles, and mild scarring.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the onset and extent of the dermatologic changes associated with microdermabrasion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten volunteers, ages 31-62 years, underwent a series of six aluminum oxide microdermabrasion facial treatments 7-10 days apart. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained prior to the study, after three treatments, and after six treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the controls, the treated areas demonstrated the following histologic changes: thickening of the epidermis and dermis, flattening of the rete pegs, vascular ectasia and perivascular inflammation, and hyalinization of the papillary dermis with newly deposited collagen and elastic fibers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that microdermabrasion produces clinical improvement by a mechanism resembling a reparative process at the dermal and epidermal levels.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Associates of Northern Virginia, McLean, Virginia 22102, USA.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rueda-Pedraza
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Waddell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001706:Biopsy; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003869:Dermabrasion; D020405:Dermis / Q000473:pathology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen; D000537:Aluminum Oxide