title: Occurrence of chromosome 9 and p53 alterations in multifocal dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of human urinary bladder.
abstract: To define the genetic changes of flat urothelial lesions, carcinoma in situ (CIS) and moderate dysplasias (DII) were investigated for alterations in the two chromosomal regions most frequently involved in bladder cancer. Overall, 33 CIS and 16 DII from 21 patients were used to microdissect urothelium. Dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using gene locus probes of 9q22 (FACC), 9p21 (CDK), 17p13 (p53), and related centromeric probes was applied on interphase nuclei. In parallel, preamplified DNA of these samples was used for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses with eight microsatellite markers on chromosomes 9p, 9q and 17p, and for sequencing of exons 5-9 of p53. Data indicated nearly identical deletion frequencies for chromosomes 9 and 17 for CIS (chromosome 9, 86%; p53, 84%). DII showed a lower deletion rate in comparison with CIS (chromosome 9, 75%; p53, 53%). A very high correlation between the results of FISH and LOH analyses was found. p53 mutations were detected in 12 of 15 patients (CIS, 72%; DII, 67%). In three of 16 patients with multifocal tumors, oligoclonal lesions were identified by LOH analyses, a finding further supported by sequencing of p53, by which two different p53 deletions were detected in two cases. In conclusion, data from microdissected flat urothelial lesions indicate that chromosome 9 deletions cannot be regarded as indicators of papillary growth, because they are found frequently in both types of flat lesions of the urothelium: those associated with papillary tumors and those that are not. The similar distribution and lower amount of genetic changes in DII render DII a possible precursor lesion of CIS.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Arndt
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schlake
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaak
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hungerhuber
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hofstaedter
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knuechel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000235:genetics*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics; D002899:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid