title: Insulin aspart: promising early results borne out in clinical practice.
abstract: The novel, rapid-acting insulin analogue insulin aspart (IAsp; Novo Nordisk) has been shown in preclinical studies to be more rapidly absorbed than human insulin (HI) when administered subcutaneously. IAsp reaches higher peak serum concentrations in a shorter time than HI, whilst maintaining a similar receptor binding and safety profile. The physiological pharmacokinetic profile of IAsp compared to that of HI has been demonstrated in both adult and paediatric populations and was accompanied by small but statistically significant reductions in HbA(1c), lower postprandial glucose excursions and a reduced risk of late postprandial and major nocturnal hypoglycaemia. Benefits may be maximised by dose optimisation, using bolus doses that result in effective postprandial glucose reduction, as well as higher and multiple basal insulin doses. The safety profile, including cardiovascular risk, is equivalent to HI.
authors.affiliation: Northern General Hospital, Diabetes Centre, Herries Road, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK. s.heller@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kurtzhals
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verge
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindholm
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D061267:Insulin Aspart
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061267:Insulin Aspart