title: A simplified technique for diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy of the shoulder joint in the dog.
abstract: A modified technique is presented for surgical and diagnostic arthroscopy of the shoulder joint in the dog. The technique involves access to the joint through two points only; one was created in place of the drainage needle-cannula, which was replaced with a portal, while the second was located more caudally compared with previous techniques. Using a changing guide rod system the two portals are completely interchangeable in order to perform easier arthroscopic surgery either in the cranial or caudal aspect of the joint. The presence of only one portal caudal to the lateral collateral ligament allows more freedom of movement and avoids interference between the arthroscope and the instruments. The modified procedure was performed on 33 joints affected by osteochondritis dissecans or tenoligament diseases and facilitated straightforward diagnostic examinations, and simple and rapid surgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facolta di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pinna
authors.forename: Bue M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Del
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D001947:Breeding; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008022:Ligaments / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010008:Osteochondritis Dissecans / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D013522:Surgery, Veterinary / Q000379:methods; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*