title: Paradigm shifts in malaria parasite biochemistry and anti-malarial chemotherapy.
abstract: A fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathway was recently discovered and established in the obligate human parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Its inhibition by triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether) leads to its classification as a type II FAS. Humans, the vertebrate host for the malarial parasite utilize type I FAS, which is not inhibited by triclosan. This discovery thus paves the way for novel approaches to the treatment of malaria. In direct contrast to the delayed-death phenotype associated with poisoning of the apicoplast using certain other drugs, the rapid and striking action of triclosan suggests the possibility of developing new drug(s) for the treatment of malaria.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064, India. surolia@mbu.iisc.ernet.in
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Surolia
authors.forename: Satish P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: RamachandraRao
authors.forename: Avadhesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surolia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH); D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014260:Triclosan / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014260:Triclosan; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH); D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases