title: Continuous 12-lead ST-segment monitoring improves identification of low-risk patients with chest pain and a worse in-hospital outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various strategies have been proposed to improve diagnosis and triage of patients with chest pain at low risk, but uncertainty still exists on the optimal combination of diagnostic tools that should be used in this subset of patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the incremental benefit of continuous 12-lead ST-segment monitoring over that provided by conventional diagnostic tools in patients with chest pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 232 consecutive patients referred because of chest pain, 52 were classified as low-risk according to the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research unstable angina guidelines and observed for 12 h with serial cardiac enzymes and electrocardiograms (ECG) (every 3 h). All patients also underwent both echocardiography at entry and continuous 12-lead ST-segment monitoring during the observation period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a mean hospital stay of 3.7 days (range 1-14 days), a benign outcome was observed in 37 patients (71%), whereas 15 patients (29%) had major cardiac events or recurrence of chest pain of ischemic origin. Addition of ST-segment monitoring findings to baseline clinical data as well as to serial enzymes and ECG features added significant incremental prognostic value (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed reproduction of pain by chest pressure (p < 0.05) and presence of ST-segment changes (> or = 0.1 mV) during 12-lead ST-segment monitoring (p < 0.001) as independent predictors of a benign or unfavorable outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In low-risk patients with chest pain, continuous 12-lead ST-segment monitoring provides significant incremental diagnostic and prognostic information to currently used clinical, enzymatic, and ECG data, and is helpful in identifying the subset of patients with a worse in-hospital outcome.
authors.affiliation: CCU-Cardiac Unit, ASL Roma G, Rome, Italy. md4151@mclink.it
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pelliccia
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cianfrocca
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marazzi
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pagliei
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: Giuseppe M C
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rosano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography