title: The initial coverage and impact of the pneumococcal and influenza vaccination program for at-risk indigenous adults in Far North Queensland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the initial coverage and impact of a pneumococcal and influenza vaccination program for at-risk Indigenous adults in Far North Queensland that formally commenced in 1996.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ascertainment of vaccine coverages, and prospective laboratory surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease occurring in Indigenous adults in the region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coverages of the first doses of both vaccines administered since 1995, and the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Indigenous adults in the region between 1993-2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most (96% and 73%) of the Indigenous adults > or = 50 years of age received influenza and pneumococcal vaccines, respectively, for the first time between 1995-2000. Assuming that either 33% or 50% of Indigenous adults 15-49 years of age in Far North Queensland were eligible for vaccination, then either 109% or 72% of this population received influenza vaccine, and either 75% or 50% received pneumococcal vaccine, respectively, for the first time between 1995-2000. The incidence of vaccine-preventable invasive pneumococcal disease fell from 111 (95% confidence interval [CI] 77-154) cases per 100,000 per year in 1993/94 to 28 (95% CI 13-53) cases per 100,000 per year in 1999-2000 (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there was a significant decline in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease, the vaccine coverages after five years of the program were suboptimal. Because of the difficulties in targeting the 15-49 years age group and because of unrecognised risk factors, we suggest that a universal Indigenous adult pneumococcal and influenza vaccination program should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Public Health Unit, Queensland Health, Cairns. jeffrey_hanna@health.qld.gov.au
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Brookes
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Dostie
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015994:Incidence; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines