Function of the Yersinia effector YopJ.
The Yersinia virulence factor YopJ inhibits the host immune response and induces apoptosis by blocking multiple signaling pathways, including the MAPK and NFkappaB pathways in the infected cell. YopJ is a cysteine protease that cleaves a reversible post-translational modification in the form of ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein. Homologues of YopJ are expressed in animal and plant pathogens, as well as a plant symbiont, suggesting a universal mechanism of regulating or modulating a variety of signaling pathways. The ability of YopJ to block the innate immune response, its activity as a ubiquitin-like protein protease and its activity with respect to mammalian signalling pathways are discussed in this review.
Orth
Kim
K
Department of Molecular Biology, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. kimorth@hamon.swmed.edu
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D016923:Cell Death; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015007:Yersinia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; C109227:YopP protein, Yersinia; D010450:Endopeptidases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C118083:Ulp1 protease