title: Enhancement of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression and prostaglandin E2 production in gingival fibroblasts from individuals with Down syndrome.
abstract: It is well known that Down syndrome (DS) is a premature ageing syndrome. Periodontal disease in individuals with DS develops rapidly and extensively in a relatively younger age bracket compared with that in healthy controls. The mechanisms involved in the periodontal inflammatory processes in DS patients are not fully understood. In the present study, the non-inflamed gingival fibroblasts isolated from seven patients with DS (DGF) and seven healthy controls (NDGF) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. a.). We measured the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by DGF and NDGF by radioimmunoassay, and also measured the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by using the real-time PCR method. We found the higher levels of LPS-stimulated COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 production in DGF when compared with those in NDGF. This study may indicate that overexpression of LPS-stimulated COX-2 induced a greater ability of DGF to produce PGE2, and that these phenomena may be responsible for the severer periodontal disease in DS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry for the Disabled, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1, Sakaecho-Nishi 2, Matsudo, 271-8587, Chiba, Japan. ykboo@mascat.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Shigeno
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kagumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uesu
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mega
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone