title: Visualization of Rab9-mediated vesicle transport from endosomes to the trans-Golgi in living cells.
abstract: Mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs) are transported from endosomes to the trans-Golgi via a transport process that requires the Rab9 GTPase and the cargo adaptor TIP47. We have generated green fluorescent protein variants of Rab9 and determined their localization in cultured cells. Rab9 is localized primarily in late endosomes and is readily distinguished from the trans-Golgi marker galactosyltransferase. Coexpression of fluorescent Rab9 and Rab7 revealed that these two late endosome Rabs occupy distinct domains within late endosome membranes. Cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptors are enriched in the Rab9 domain relative to the Rab7 domain. TIP47 is likely to be present in this domain because it colocalizes with the receptors in fixed cells, and a TIP47 mutant disrupted endosome morphology and sequestered MPRs intracellularly. Rab9 is present on endosomes that display bidirectional microtubule-dependent motility. Rab9-positive transport vesicles fuse with the trans-Golgi network as followed by video microscopy of live cells. These data provide the first indication that Rab9-mediated endosome to trans-Golgi transport can use a vesicle (rather than a tubular) intermediate. Our data suggest that Rab9 remains vesicle associated until docking with the Golgi complex and is rapidly removed concomitant with or just after membrane fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barbero
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bittova
authors.forename: Suzanne R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D000070796:Perilipin-3; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014709:Vero Cells; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins; D021601:trans-Golgi Network / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C038196:PLIN3 protein, human; D000070796:Perilipin-3; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; C107297:Rab9-binding protein, 40-kDa; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins; C000716463:rab7 GTP-binding proteins, human; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins