title: [Soluble leukocyte adhesion molecules in vegetarians of various ages].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Upregulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules under atherogenic conditions is accompanied by the release of soluble forms of adhesion molecules into the bloodstream. Vegetarians have a favorable cardiovascular risk profile. The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of circulating E-selectin (cE-selectin), circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1), and circulating vascular adhesion molecule-1 (cVCAM-1) in both vegetarians and subjects of the average population and furthermore to evaluate the age dependence of cell adhesion molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 male and 59 female vegetarians (mainly members of the German Society of Vegetarians) and 124 male and 179 female control subjects (volunteers, of the ILSE study Leipzig = Interdisciplinary Long Time Study of Health Adult Age and the Lipid-Study Leipzig), 18-89 years old were included in the study. The serum levels of circulating cell adhesion molecules were determined using monoclonal antibody-based ELISA assays (R & D Systems, Abingdon, Europe Ltd.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vegetarians were characterized by a favorable lipid profile and a low prevalence of common risk factors for atherosclerosis. This group showed a tendency towards lower cICAM-1 levels in comparison with control subjects. Furthermore, significantly lower cE-selectin levels were found in the group of vegetarians. An age-dependent increase of cVCAM-1 and cICAM-1 levels was found both in the group of vegetarians and control subjects. No significant differences were noted regarding the gender of the subjects included in the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low cE-selectin levels of vegetarians may reflect the favorable cardiovascular risk profile of this group. Furthermore, the present data indicate that cVCAM-1 and cICAM-1 are age-dependent parameters independent of risk for atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin Klinische Chemie und Molekulare Diagnostik Universitätsklinikum Leipzig Liebigstrasse 27 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Purschwitz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rassoul
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Purschwitz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kellert
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1