Measle virus-infected dendritic cells develop immunosuppressive and cytotoxic activities.
Measle virus (MV) infection induces a transient but profound immunosuppression characterized by a panlymphopenia which occasionally results in opportunistic infections responsible for a high rate of mortality in malnourished children. MV can encounter human dendritic cells (DC) in the respiratory mucosa or in the secondary lymphoid organs. After a brief presentation of DCs, we review progress in understanding the immunobiology of MV-infected DCs that could account for MV-induced immunosuppression. In addition, we develop the newly described TRAIL-mediated cytotoxic function of DCs that is turned on by MV infection, but also by interferons or double-stranded RNA (poly (I:C)). Finally, we propose a model where the measles-associated lymphopenia could be mediated by TRAIL and the measles-induced immunosuppression could be transiently prolonged by Fas-mediated destruction of DCs.
Vidalain
P O
PO
Immunobiologie Fondamentale et Clinique, CERVI-INSERM, Lyon, France. servet@cervi-lyon.inserm.fr
Azocar
O
O
Rabourdin-Combe
C
C
Servet-Delprat
C
C
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D007110:Immunity, Active / Q000276:immunology; D008024:Ligands; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha