title: Biotransformation of phorbol by human intestinal bacteria.
abstract: Anaerobic incubation of phorbol (1) from Croton tiglium with human intestinal bacteria afforded five metabolites: isophorbol (2), deoxyphorbol (3), 4beta,9alpha,20-trihydroxy-13,15-seco-1,6,15-tigliatriene-3,13-dione (4), 4beta,9alpha,20-trihydroxy-15,16,17-trinor-1,6-tigliadiene-3,13-dione (5) and 4beta,9a,20-trihydroxy-14(13-->12)-abeo-12alphaH-1,6-tigliadiene-3,13-dione (6). All these metabolites (2-6) were identified and characterized by spectroscopic means, including two-dimensional (2D)-NMR. Nine defined strains from the human intestine showed an ability to transform 1 to these metabolites.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Atef Abdel-monem
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Hafez
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hattori
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010704:Phorbols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D010704:Phorbols; C033085:phorbol