title: Physiological responses to weight-loss intervention in inactive obese African-American and Caucasian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The physiological responses of inactive obese premenopausal African-American and Caucasian women to the identical exercise training and behavior modification program were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inactive obese (96.1+/- 2.9 kg, BMI=34.8 +/- 0.7 kg/m2, % body fat=46.0 +/- 0.8; mean +/- SEM) premenopausal (36 +/- 2 yrs) African-American (n=10) and Caucasian (n=19) women were included. Resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) were measured by indirect calorimetry, and body composition by plethysmography. Resting and maximal heart rates, blood glucose and lipids, and blood pressure were also measured. Treatment consisted of a 13-week diet and exercise behavior modification program. Group mean comparisons were made with a Student's "t"-test or an ANCOVA, which controlled for individual differences in body mass and lean body mass (LBM). Significance was set at p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initially, the groups were not significantly different in height, mass, BMI, age, % body fat, fat mass, LBM, girth measurements, RMR, RER, VO2max, blood pressure, or cholesterol profile. The number of weeks completed, number of exercise sessions completed, total minutes of exercise for the entire intervention, average minutes of daily exercise, and total estimated exercise energy expenditure were all similar between groups. Furthermore, both groups reported similar dietary compliance. Both groups reduced body mass, BMI, LBM, girth measurements, and increased VO2max (mlO2 x kg-1 x min-1) significantly and similarly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  African-American and Caucasian women respond the same physiologically to weight loss intervention. The higher prevalence in obesity for African-American women is not due to a different physiological response to diet and exercise.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Science Programs, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C, USA. jolie@gwu.edu
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Szymanski
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernhall
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Durstine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D044383:Black People; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American