title: Phytotoxicity and mammalian cytotoxicity of macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins from Myrothecium verrucaria.
abstract: Macrocyclic trichothecene toxins produced by Myrothecium verrucaria (a phytopathogen of interest in biological weed control) and the non-trichothecene toxin atranone B from Stachybotiys atra were tested for phytotoxicity in duckweed (Lemna pausicostata L.) plantlet cultures and kudzu (Pueraria lobata L.) leaf disc assays, and for mammalian cytotoxicity in four cultured cell lines. Roridin E and H, epi-isororidin E, and verrucarin A and J were phytotoxic (half-maximal effect in the concentration range 0.1-9.7 microM on duckweed and 1.5->80 microM on kudzu) and cytotoxic to mammalian cell lines (half-maximal inhibition of proliferation in the concentration range 1-35 nM). Trichoverrins A and B and atranone B were moderately phytotoxic (half-maximal effect in the concentration range 1 9-69 microM on duckweed and 13->80 microM on kudzu) and weakly cytotoxic with mammalian cell lines (half-maximal inhibition of proliferation in the concentration range 0.3->2 microM).
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, SWSRU, 141 Experiment Station Road, PO Box 345, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA. habbas@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Shier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Jarvis
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Boyette
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes