title: [Expression of VEGF and tumor angiogenesis in bladder cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its relation to angiogenesis in bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of VEGF by immunohistochemical staining was examined in 68 cases of primary transitional carcinoma (TCC) and 7 subjects with normal urothelium. Microvessel density (MVD) in 40 cases of invasive bladder cancer was determined by Factor VIII immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of VEGF was negative or low level in all normal bladder tissue but high in bladder cancer. VEGF and MVD were closely related to tumor cell nuclear grade and clinical stage. The average MVD was higher in the cases with the high level expression of VEGF, than in those with the low level expression of VEGF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that VEGF is positively correlated with the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer. VEGF is one of the primary angiogenic factors for bladder cancer, and is able to induce tumor angiogenesis and accelerate tumor growth. Quantification of VEGF may provide a valuable marker for a poorer prognosis of patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors