title: Requirement of the activation-induced deaminase (AID) gene for immunoglobulin gene conversion.
abstract: Three phenotypically distinct processes-somatic hypermutation, gene conversion, and switch recombination-remodel the functionally rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) loci in B cells. Somatic hypermutation and switch recombination have recently been shown to depend on the activation-induced deaminase (AID) gene product. Here, we show that the disruption of the AID gene in the chicken B cell line DT40 completely blocks Ig gene conversion and that this block can be complemented by reintroduction of the AID complementary DNA. This demonstrates that the AID master gene controls all B cell-specific modifications of vertebrate Ig genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Immunology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauschild
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Buerstedde
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005785:Gene Conversion; D015870:Gene Expression; D018390:Gene Targeting; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D027041:Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin; D014162:Transfection; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase); D003564:Cytidine Deaminase