title: Clinicopathological significance of p16 gene expression in the surgical treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinicopathological significance of p16 expression in the surgical management of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx.
  
  
  METHODS
  p16 expression in 225 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) was studied using an immunohistochemical method and paraffin wax embedded tumour tissues. Associations between p16 expression and clinicopathological features were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreased p16 expression was found in 48% of the tumours. There was a higher frequency of decreased p16 expression in tumours of the larynx compared with those from the pharynx and oral cavity. There was a significant correlation between decreased p16 expression and more advanced T stage. There was no significant correlation between p16 expression and sex, age, tumour grade, nodal metastasis, recurrence, or survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a high frequency of downregulation of p16 expression in HNSCC. Tumours of the larynx had a significantly higher frequency of weak p16 expression compared with tumours of the oral cavity and pharynx. Downregulation of p16 contributed to cellular proliferation, resulting locally in a more advanced tumour. It had no prognostic significance for nodal metastasis and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. pwyuen@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: P Wing
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: K Yin
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Y Lam
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Kwong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002455:Cell Division; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins