Strategies for the use of insulin-sensitizing drugs to treat infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
Insulin resistance and its compensatory hyperinsulinemia play a key pathogenic role in the infertility of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Numerous studies indicate that insulin-sensitizing drugs can be used to enhance spontaneous ovulation and the induction of ovulation in the syndrome. The aim of this review is to summarize the studies in which insulin-sensitizing drugs were used to increase ovulation rate or improve fertility in women with the PCOS and to translate the information into practical guidelines for the use of these drugs by reproductive endocrinologists.


METHODS
Review and critique of studies in which an insulin-sensitizing drug was used to increase ovulation rate or improve infertility in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome.


METHODS
Ovulation rate and pregnancy rate.


RESULTS
Studies have demonstrated that insulin-sensitizing drugs can increase spontaneous ovulation, enhance the induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate, and increase clinical pregnancy rates.


CONCLUSIONS
An algorithmic approach is provided for the use of insulin-sensitizing drugs to treat the anovulation and infertility of women with the polycystic ovary syndrome.
Nestler
John E
JE
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0111, USA. nestler@hsc.vcu.edu
Stovall
Dale
D
Akhter
Nausheen
N
Iuorno
Maria J
MJ
Jakubowicz
Daniela J
DJ
D000465:Algorithms; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy
D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene; D008687:Metformin