title: Penetration of rifampin through Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms.
abstract: Rifampin penetrated biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis but failed to effectively kill the bacteria. Penetration was demonstrated by a simple diffusion cell bioassay and by transmission electron microscopic observation of antibiotic-affected cells at the distal edge of the biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biofilm Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Montana State University-Bozeman, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3980, USA.
authors.forename: Zhilan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007700:Kinetics; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012293:Rifampin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D012293:Rifampin