Urinary metabolites of French maritime pine bark extract in humans.
After oral administration of 5.28 g and 1.06 g of French maritime pine bark extract to a human volunteer, metabolites of some of the components of the extract could be detected. Ferulic acid and taxifolin, conjugated as glucuronide/sulphate, were excreted within 18 h. The peak urinary excretion was observed approximately 2-3 h after intake. Recovery of ferulic acid in urine was 36-43% and 7-8% for taxifolin. Two further metabolites could be identified as delta-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-gamma-valerolactone and delta-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone conjugated with glucuronic acid/sulphate. These metabolites could also be detected after intake of 960 mg of a procyanidin fraction of French maritime pine bark extract. Thus, it was shown that procyanidins are metabolised by humans. Both metabolites show maximal urinary excretion 8-12 h after intake and are excreted within 28-34 h.
Düweler
K G
KG
Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
Rohdewald
P
P
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D044946:Biflavonoids; D001711:Biotransformation; D002392:Catechin / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D012015:Reference Standards; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
D000975:Antioxidants; D044946:Biflavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C017674:procyanidin; D002392:Catechin