title: Phytosterol content in American ginseng seed oil.
abstract: North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) oil was saponifed and the unsaponifiable matter trimethylsilylated. The phytosterol fraction of hexane-extracted, air-dried seed was quantified and identified by GC and GC-MS. Phytosterol contents (milligrams per 100 g of oil) were as follows: squalene (514-569), oxidosqualene (8.97-48.2), campesterol (9.96-12.4), stigmasterol (93.2-113), clerosterol (1.91-2.14), beta-sitosterol (153-186), beta-amyrin (11.7-19.5), delta(5)-avenasterol (12.4-20.5), delta(5,24(25))-stigmasterol (3.70-.76), lupeol (14.4-15.2), delta(7)-sitosterol (12.5-14.6), delta(7)-avenasterol (4.11-8.09), 24-methylenecycloartanol (1.94-4.76), and citrostadienol (2.50-3.81). Seed stratification lowered the phytosterol levels. Oven-drying gave mixed results, and phytosterols varied slightly between the 1999 and 2000 harvests.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada. beveridget@em.agr.ca
authors.forename: Thomas H J
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Beveridge
authors.forename: Thomas S C
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: John C G
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Drover
mesh_terms: D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis; D013185:Squalene / Q000032:analysis; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000032:analysis; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D012855:Sitosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C021273:campesterol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D013185:Squalene; D002784:Cholesterol; D013265:Stigmasterol; C036380:beta-amyrin