title: A randomized double-blind clinical trial of the effect of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride on temporomandibular joint disorders: a pilot study.
abstract: Previous studies have shown chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride have beneficial effects on symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. Our aim was to study the effect of a daily dose of 1500 mg of glucosamine hydrochloride (GH) and 1200 mg of chondroitin sulfate (CS) taken for twelve weeks on subjects diagnosed with capsulitis, disk displacement, disk dislocation, or painful osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Forty-five subjects were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to either an active medication group or a placebo group. Eleven subjects were lost from the study for various reasons, resulting in fourteen subjects remaining in the active medication group and twenty subjects remaining in the placebo group. Subjects taking CS-GH had improvements in their pain as measured by one index of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, in TMJ tenderness, in TMJ sounds, and in the number of daily over-the-counter medications needed. Subjects taking the placebo medication had improvements in their pains as measured by the visual analog scale and by four indices of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Additional studies are required to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of CS-GH and to determine the exact mechanism by which CS-GH affects the articular cartilage of synovial joints.
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salinas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002062:Bursitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000187:drug effects; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010919:Placebos; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D005944:Glucosamine