title: Effects of aminoguanidine and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester on vascular hyporeactivity induced by endotoxaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of endotoxaemia on the reactivity of the aortic bed in rats, and to compare the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors aminoguanidine and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on endotoxaemia-induced changes in vascular reactivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  University laboratory, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  54 Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were divided into control (n = 24) and endotoxaemia (n = 30) groups and were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of saline (control) and lipopolysaccharide (20 mg/kg), respectively. Subgroups of control and endotoxaemic rats were given either aminoguanidine or L-NAME by the same route.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contractile responses to phenylephrine and relaxation responses to acetylcholine 4 hours after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incubation with aminoguanidine and L-NAME potentiated the phenylephrine-induced contractile response and inhibited acetylcholine-induced relaxation in aortic rings in the control group. The vascular responses to phenylephrine and acetylcholine were less pronounced in the endotoxaemia group, and in vitro incubation with aminoguanidine and L-NAME partially restored the contraction induced by phenylephrine but did not affect the impaired response to acetylcholine. Aminoguanidine given in vivo prevented the impairment of vascular responses to both phenylephrine and acetylcholine whereas L-NAME gave no such protection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aminoguanidine acted similarly to L-NAME when incubated with the tissues in vitro, and did not show selectivity to inducible compared with constitutive isoforms of NO synthase. The finding that aminoguanidine but not L-NAME, prevented the endotoxin-induced impairment of vascular reactivity when administrated in vivo, therefore, suggested a role other than inhibition of NO synthase.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: U B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Ismailoglu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pekiner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yorganci
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sahin-Erdemli
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000109:Acetylcholine; C004479:pimagedine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester