title: Characterization of mitotic neurons derived from adult rat hypothalamus and brain stem.
abstract: Embryonic or neonatal rat neurons retain plasticity and are readily grown in tissue culture, but neurons of the adult brain were thought to be terminally differentiated and therefore difficult to culture. Recent studies, however, suggest that it may be possible to culture differentiated neurons from the hippocampus of adult rats. We modified these procedures to grow differentiated neurons from adult rat hypothalamus and brain stem. At day 7 in tissue culture and beyond, the predominant cell types in hypothalamic and brain stem cultures had a stellate morphology and could be subdivided into two distinct groups, one of which stained with antibodies to the immature neuron marker alpha-internexin, while the other stained with the astrocyte marker GFAP. The alpha-internexin positive cells were mitotic and grew to form a characteristic two-dimensional cellular network. These alpha-internexin positive cells coimmunostained for the neuronal markers MAP2, type III beta-tubulin, and tau, and also bound tetanus toxin, but were negative for the oligodendrocyte marker GalC and also for the neurofilament triplet proteins NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H, markers of more mature neurons. Patch-clamp analysis of these alpha-internexin positive cells revealed small Ca(2+) currents with a peak current of -0.5 +/- 0.1 pA/pF at a membrane potential of -20 mV (n = 5) and half-maximal activation at -30 mV (n = 5). Na(+) currents with a peak current density of -154.5 +/- 49.8 pA/pF at a membrane potential of -15 mV (n = 5) were also present. We also show that these cells can be frozen and regrown in tissue culture and that they can be efficiently infected by viral vectors. These cells therefore have the immunological and electrophysiological properties of immature mitotic neurons and should be useful in a variety of future studies of neuronal differentiation and function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
authors.forename: Jenafer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sumners
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Huentelman
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Craig H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Gelband
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000166:cytology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology*; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D008938:Mitosis; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D009474:Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D014404:Tubulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D014404:Tubulin; C046643:alpha-internexin; D016875:tau Proteins