title: Analysis of gene expression with cDNA microarrays in rat brain after 7 and 42 days of oral lithium administration.
abstract: The gene expression profile in rat brain was examined using microarrays in rats fed lithium chloride for 7 days (subacute) or 42 days (chronic). Brain lithium concentrations were 0.39 mM and 0.79 mM (therapeutically relevant), at 7 and 42 days, respectively. Of the 4132 genes represented in the microarrays, 25 genes were downregulated by at least twofold and none was upregulated after 7 days of treatment. Expression of 50 genes was downregulated by at least two-fold at 42 days, without any being upregulated. Lithium treatment for 7 days did not affect at a measurable extent expression of 37 of the 50 genes that were downregulated at 42 days. Genes whose expression was changed at 42 days coded for a number of receptors, protein kinases, transcription and translation factors, markers of energy metabolism, and signal transduction. Thus, chronic lithium at a therapeutically relevant concentration reduced expression of a large number of genes involved in multiple signaling and other pathways, without increasing expression at a comparable extent.
authors.affiliation: Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Room 6N202, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. frances@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bosetti
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seemann
authors.forename: Jane M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zahorchak
authors.forename: Elliott
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Stanley I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rapoport
authors.forename: Pachiappan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manickam
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011494:Protein Kinases; D018021:Lithium Chloride