title: Mediators of inflammation in children with type I diabetes mellitus: cytokines in type I diabetic children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent evidence favors primary role of cellular autoimmunity and its humoral mediators in pathogenesis and following Type I diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study was carried out to investigate serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children with type I DM. Potential role of lipid metabolism, glycemic control, body mass index (BMI) and disease duration were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five children with type I DM and 30 age and gender matched nondiabetic controls were recruited for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating IL-8 levels were elevated in children with type I DM (12.7 +/- 1.7 pg/mL) compared with nondiabetic controls (5.5 +/- 0.3 pg/mL) and the difference remained significant after adjustment for cofactors and covariates (p: 0.033). Although statistically insignificant serum CRP concentrations were slightly higher in diabetic children (p: 0.075). Serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels were comparable in diabetic and nondiabetic groups. However newly diagnosed (<1 yr) cases had higher TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels compared to cases with longer standing DM. In diabetic children BMI was independently associated with an increase in serum IL-8 levels. Serum CRP, lipids, apolipoproteins and glycemic control were not significant predictors of cytokine concentrations in children with type I DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating levels of IL-8 were elevated and were correlated with BMI in children with type I DM, hinting perhaps at adipose tissue as a site of production. Elevated systemic IL-6 and TNF-alpha were limited to newly diagnosed cases suggesting activation of the inflammatory immune response system at early stages of the disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Gaziantep, School of Medicine, Departments of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Gaziantep, Turkey. erbagci@gantep.edu.tr
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Erbağci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarakçioğlu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Coşkun
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sivasli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sibel Namiduru
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein