title: Characterization of a cationic surfactant-resistant mutant isolated spontaneously from Escherichia coli.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to investigate the mechanism of bacterial resistance to surfactants, a spontaneous mutant of Escherichia coli, OW66, resistant to a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was isolated and its physiological properties analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strain OW66 grew in M9 medium containing CTAB at 45 micromol l(-1), whereas its parent strain, OW6, did not, even at 15 micromol l(-1). The mutant was also resistant to some other surfactants, antibiotics, heavy metals, organic solvents and oxidants examined. To determine the differences in physiology between strains OW66 and OW6, the compositions of their cell surface structures were analysed. In strain OW66, the relative content of OmpC in particular was higher than that of OmpF, whereas a reverse situation was seen in OW6 strain. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profile was different between these strains, and altered LPS in strain OW66 was suggested to be involved in the resistance to CTAB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A CTAB-resistant E. coli isolate possesses an altered outer membrane.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with a relatively low concentration of CTAB was found to introduce multi-drug resistance into bacterial cells. This acquired resistance should be taken into account with the frequent use of surfactants in industries and various environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yoshizako
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchido
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010743:Phospholipids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D000077286:Cetrimonium