title: A formula based on body length for determining the size of an uncuffed endotracheal tube for pediatric cardiac anesthesia.
abstract: Three hundred and thirty-four pediatric patients less than 4 years old who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease were retrospectively studied to devise a practical formula for predicting the appropriate size for an uncuffed endotracheal tube for pediatric cardiac anesthesia. Furthermore, this formula was compared with that for non-cardiac anesthesia obtained from 409 patients without congenital heart disease. A simple regression equation between tube size and body length resulted in the simple predictive formula: "tube size = 0.04 x body length + 1.6" for pediatric cardiac anesthesia. This formula had the same slope and an approximately 0.3 mm larger intercept on the Y-axis compared with that for pediatric non-cardiac anesthesia. Therefore, a one-size larger endotracheal tube is more suitable for use in pediatric cardiac anesthesia than in pediatric non-cardiac anesthesia for the same body length.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Akane Foundation Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. kshiro@do.enjoy.ne.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiroyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yuge
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D001827:Body Height; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies