title: Prognosis of patients who develop acute renal failure during the first 24 hours of cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute renal failure has important prognostic implications in critically ill patients, but the effects of acute renal failure on in-hospital mortality in the subset of patients with cardiogenic shock are not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive patients who presented with acute coronary syndrome at our cardiovascular intensive care unit from 1993 to 2000 and who were in cardiogenic shock were enrolled. Acute renal failure was defined as a urine volume < 20 mL/h associated with an increase in serum creatinine level > or = 0.5 mg/dL or > 50% above the baseline value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 118 patients (83 men [70%]; mean [+/- SD] age, 66 +/- 10 years), 39 (33%) of whom developed acute renal failure within 24 hours after the onset of shock. In-hospital mortality was 87% (34/39) in patients with acute renal failure and 53% (42/79) in patients without acute renal failure (odds ratio [OR] = 6.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 to 17; P < 0.001). Other significant univariate predictors of mortality included the peak serum lactate level, epinephrine dose, and the maximum serum creatinine level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified acute renal failure as the only independent predictor of mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute renal failure was common in patients with cardiogenic shock and strongly associated with in-hospital mortality.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koreny
authors.forename: Georg Delle
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Karth
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geppert
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Neunteufl
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Priglinger
authors.forename: Gottfried
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siostrzonek
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000150:complications*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric