Clinical assessment by MRI for patients with stage II cervical carcinoma treated by radiation alone in multicenter analysis: are all patients with stage II disease suitable candidates for chemoradiotherapy?
OBJECTIVE
From recent randomized trials, patients with Stage II cervical carcinoma are thought to be candidates for chemoradiotherapy. To refine the strategy for Stage II patients, we performed a retrospective multi-institutional analysis using MRI.


METHODS
From three institutions, 84 patients with Stage II cancer diagnosed by MRI were entered into the study. All patients received intracavitary brachytherapy with (n = 83) or without (n = 1) external beam radiotherapy. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the prognostic factors for overall survival (OAS), disease-free survival (DFS), pelvic control (PC), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).


RESULTS
The 5-year DFS rate of patients with maximal tumor size (D(max)) > or =50 mm (46.2%) was significantly lower than that for patients with D(max) <50 mm (88.0%; p <0.0001). Large size or volume and lymph node swelling were also significant prognostic factors of OAS, DFS, PC, and DMFS. In the multivariate model, size or volume was a significant prognostic factor of OAS, DFS, PC, and DMFS, and lymph node swelling was a prognostic factor for DFS, PC, and DMFS. Using these two prognostic factors, patients were divided into 3 subgroups. The 5-year DFS rate of patients with risk 0 (D(max) <50 mm and negative lymph node swelling), 1 (D(max) > or =50 mm or positive lymph node swelling), and 2 (D(max) > or =50 mm and positive lymph nodes) was 93.2%, 53.3%, and 25.0%, respectively (p <0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
In this stage-limiting analysis, we clarified the stratification according to clinical risk with the aid of MRI. For patients with low-risk factors, especially for elderly patients, radiation alone would probability be a feasible option. In the future, a randomized trial using criteria with MRI would help to identify the optimal strategy for patients with Stage II disease.
Kodaira
Takeshi
T
Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi, Japan. yra05712@nifty.ne.jp
Fuwa
Nobukazu
N
Kamata
Minoru
M
Furutani
Kazuhisa
K
Kuzuya
Kazuo
K
Ogawa
Kazuhiko
K
Toita
Takafumi
T
Sasaoka
Masahiro
M
Nomoto
Yoshihito
Y
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents