title: Interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels in periapical exudates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels in periapical exudates and to evaluate their relationship with clinical and radiological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Periapical exudates were collected from root canals of 35 single-rooted teeth using absorbent paper points. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The samples were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of clinical signs including swelling and/or fistula, pain on palpation and/or percussion, and pus discharge from canals. Periapical exudate samples were divided into two groups according to size of periapical radiolucent area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean concentration of IL-1beta (72.79 ng mL-1) in periapical exudates was approximately 12-fold higher than TNF-alpha(6.17 ng mL-1). There was no significant correlation between these cytokines (P > 0.05). IL-1beta levels in canals with larger radiolucent areas (long axis > or =1 cm) were significantly higher than those with small areas (P < 0.05). There was a tendency toward higher levels of IL-1beta in groups with clinical signs, but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periapical exudate levels of both cytokines failed to reflect periapical disease state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dentistry Faculty, Selcuk University, 42079 Kampus, Konya, Turkey. ataoglu@selcuk.edu.tr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ataoğlu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ungör
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Serpek
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haliloğlu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ataoğlu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ari
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010484:Periapical Granuloma / Q000378:metabolism*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha