title: rRNA promoter activity in the fast-growing bacterium Vibrio natriegens.
abstract: The bacterium Vibrio natriegens can double with a generation time of less than 10 min (R. G. Eagon, J. Bacteriol. 83:736-737, 1962), a growth rate that requires an extremely high rate of protein synthesis. We show here that V. natriegens' high potential for protein synthesis results from an increase in ribosome numbers with increasing growth rate, as has been found for other bacteria. We show that V. natriegens contains a large number of rRNA operons, and its rRNA promoters are extremely strong. The V. natriegens rRNA core promoters are at least as active in vitro as Escherichia coli rRNA core promoters with either E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) or V. natriegens RNAP, and they are activated by UP elements, as in E. coli. In addition, the E. coli transcription factor Fis activated V. natriegens rrn P1 promoters in vitro. We conclude that the high capacity for ribosome synthesis in V. natriegens results from a high capacity for rRNA transcription, and the high capacity for rRNA transcription results, at least in part, from the same factors that contribute most to high rates of rRNA transcription in E. coli, i.e., high gene dose and strong activation by UP elements and Fis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Aiyar
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gaal
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gourse
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014733:Vibrio / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012407:rRNA Operon
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases