title: Hypoxia inhibition of apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).
abstract: Hypoxia is a common environmental stress. Particularly, the center of rapidly growing solid tumors is easily exposed to hypoxic conditions. Thus, tumor cell response to hypoxia plays an important role in tumor progression as well as tumor therapy. However, little is known about hypoxic effect on apoptotic cell death. To examine the effects of hypoxia on TRAIL-induced apoptosis, human lung carcinoma A549 cells were exposed to hypoxia and treated with TRAIL protein. Hypoxia significantly protected A549 cells from apoptosis induced by TRAIL. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that hypoxia increased expression of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and IAP family members. The increase of these antiapoptotic molecules is believed to play an hypoxia-mediated protective role in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Our findings suggest that an increase of antiapoptotic proteins induced by hypoxia may regulate the therapeutic activity of TRAIL protein in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Sang-Youel
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Billiar
authors.forename: Dai-Wu
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Seol
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C496866:XIAP protein, human; D051020:bcl-X Protein