title: The effects of probe length on Fitts' law.
abstract: Experiments were aimed at determining the effect of a human using an extended probe when making movements that required accuracy at the completion of the movement. Ten subjects performed 64 conditions of varying amplitude of movement, final accuracy and probe length. Movement time increased with probe lengths from 100 to 400mm for all conditions of amplitude and required accuracy. The effect of probe length was included in a mathematical description of the data through a multiplicative term on Fitts' index of difficulty (ID), possibly arising from tremor of the hand probe system in controlling approach to the target. Probe length had the greatest effect at high ID, where a probe of 400 mm length increased movement time by about 25% over that for a 100mm probe. The model developed has application for accurate movements with long tools such as screwdrivers or crowbars, head-mounted devices for the disabled, or other tasks where the work interface is at the end of an extended probe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 14260-2050, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Errol R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Colin G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Drury
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001132:Arm; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors