title: Assessment of anterior capsule opacification: photographic technique and quantification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and evaluate a standardized slitlamp photographic technique to document and quantify anterior capsule opacification (ACO) in the pseudophakic eye.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Vienna, Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Vienna, Austria.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, slitlamp photographs were taken in 29 eyes of 19 patients with ACO of varying degrees and intraocular lenses of different materials. Digital slitlamp photographs were taken by 2 examiners using a standardized protocol. The intensity of anterior fibrosis was evaluated using subjective grading by 2 masked examiners and by image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A standardized protocol was developed for documentation of ACO. The intraexaminer (or short-term) reproducibility (r = 0.96, P < .01) and interexaminer reproducibility (r = 0.93, P < .01) were excellent. The results of image analysis used to objectively quantify ACO correlated with the subjective grading (r = 0.95, P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This standardized technique of slitlamp photography and image analysis provided reproducible documentation and can therefore serve as a basis for the quantification of ACO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sacu
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Findl
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menapace
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Georgopoulos
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Buehl
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rainer
mesh_terms: D000867:Anterior Chamber; D002386:Cataract / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D015588:Observer Variation; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000150:complications; D015203:Reproducibility of Results