title: Unconventional vessel wall apposition in off-pump porcine coronary artery bypass grafting: low versus high graft flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Facilitated coronary anastomosis techniques may involve unconventional vessel wall apposition in contrast to standard intima-intima apposition. We assessed the patency, anastomotic thrombus formation, and intimal hyperplasia of unconventional intima-adventitia apposition versus conventional suturing techniques in beating heart coronary bypass grafting under low versus high graft flow conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intima-adventitia (n = 28) and conventional anastomoses (n = 28) were evaluated intraoperatively (n = 56), at 4 hours (n = 20), and at 5 weeks (n = 36) in a new off-pump low-flow (n = 28) and high-flow (n = 28) porcine bypass model (< or = 15 mL/min and about 60 mL/min, respectively). The anastomoses were assigned to the animals by means of randomized stratification and examined by means of flow measurements, angiography, and histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean graft flows in intima-adventitia and in conventional anastomoses were similar (P =.709). All but 1 of 56 anastomoses (low flow conventional) were fully patent at the time of death. At 4 hours, only small platelet depositions were found at the exposed media and adventitia in the unconventional anastomoses. At 5 weeks, little streamlining intimal hyperplasia was found, which was comparable between the anastomoses (P =.600).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In low-flow conditions (< or = 15 mL/min) unconventional intima-adventitia apposition was not detrimental to the internal thoracic-coronary artery anastomosis in the pig. This finding may expand design strategies of facilitated coronary artery bypass anastomosis techniques.
authors.affiliation: Heart Lung Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Buijsrogge
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Gründeman
authors.forename: Cees W J
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Verlaan
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borst
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014654:Vascular Patency