title: In vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of pneumococci to the investigational cephalosporin cefditoren.
abstract: From February to June 2000, 2,597 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were prospectively collected from 146 clinical laboratories across the United States (US) and tested to evaluate the in vitro activity of cefditoren, an investigational oral cephalosporin. In all, 2,492 isolates (96.0%) had a cefditoren MIC of 0.5 microg/mL or less, 74 isolates (2.8%) had an MIC of 1 microg/mL, 30 isolates (1.2%) had an MIC of 2 microg/mL, and 1 isolate (<0.1%) had an MIC of 4 microg/mL. Among the beta-lactams tested, the rank order of potency (MIC(90,) microg/mL) was cefditoren (0.5) > ceftriaxone (1) > amoxicillin-clavulanate (2) > cefuroxime (4) > cefprozil (8). Penicillin-resistant isolates (n = 443; 17.1%) were inhibited by lower concentrations (MIC(90,) microg/mL; MIC range,) of cefditoren (1; 0.03-4) than ceftriaxone (2; 0.25- > 2), amoxicillin-clavulanate (8; 0.5- > 8), cefuroxime (16; 2- > 16), and cefprozil (32; 2- > 32). Cefditoren MIC(90)s against cefuroxime-resistant (n = 640) and ceftriaxone-resistant (n = 89) isolates were 1 and 2 microg/mL, respectively. All isolates with reduced susceptibility to cefditoren (MIC, 2 or 4 microg/mL; n = 31) were resistant to penicillin, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone. The potent in vitro activity of cefditoren against a recent US collection of pneumococci as demonstrated in this study supports its continued development for oral empiric therapy in outpatients with respiratory tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Focus Technologies, Inc. (formerly MRL), 13665 Dulles Technology Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20171, USA. jkarlowsky@focusanswers.com
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Karlowsky
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Deborah C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Draghi
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Critchley
authors.forename: Clyde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thornsberry
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Sahm
mesh_terms: D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; C073460:cefditoren