Insulin signaling pathways in time and space.
Despite remarkable progress in dissecting the signaling pathways that are crucial for the metabolic effects of insulin, the molecular basis for the specificity of its cellular actions is not fully understood. One clue might lie in the spatial and temporal aspects of signaling. Recent evidence suggests that signaling molecules and pathways are localized to discrete compartments in cells by specific protein interactions. Also, the rapid termination of tyrosine or lipid phosphorylation by phosphatases or serine kinases might tightly control the strength of a signaling pathway, thus determining its effect on growth, differentiation and metabolism.
Saltiel
Alan R
AR
Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA. saltiel@umich.edu
Pessin
Jeffrey E
JE
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; C526297:IRS2 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; D011494:Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C503256:RHOQ protein, human; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D005947:Glucose