title: Ex vivo expansion, maturation, and activation of umbilical cord blood-derived T lymphocytes with IL-2, IL-12, anti-CD3, and IL-7. Potential for adoptive cellular immunotherapy post-umbilical cord blood transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether umbilical cord blood (UCB) T cells could be ex vivo expanded and activated in short-term culture for potential utilization as adoptive cellular immunotherapy post-umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh UCB mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated by Ficoll density centrifugation. Cryopreserved UCB mononuclear cells were thawed and washed with 2.5% human serum albumin and 5% dextrose in isotonic saline. The nonadherent MNC fraction were then plated in a serum-free cocktail of IL-2, IL-12, and anti-CD3 with and without IL-7 for 48 hours. Proliferation, cytotoxicity, TH1 (IFN-gamma), CD25, and CD45RO assays were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proliferation studies demonstrated a significant increase in the proliferative ability of the UCB MNCs incubated in anti-CD3, IL-2, IL-12, and IL-7 (fresh--p < 0.005, and thawed--p < 0.001). The combination of all four agonists significantly induced expression of CD45 RO (fresh--p < 0.05, and thawed--p < 0.001) in both the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells expressing CD25 (fresh UCB--p < 0.01 [CD4] and p < 0.005 [CD8], respectively; thawed UCB--p < 0.001 [CD4] and p < 0.001 [CD8]). Intracellular cytokine profiles also revealed a significant increase in the production of IFN-gamma (TH1 cells) (fresh UCB--p < 0.005, and thawed UCB--p < 0.001). The combination also significantly increased the killing of K562-labeled target cells (fresh--p < 0.0001, and thawed--0.731 +/- 0.03 vs 0.16 +/- 0.01) (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the ex vivo combination of IL-2, IL-12, anti-CD3, and IL-7 significantly enhances the proliferation, activation, maturation, and cytotoxic potential of UCB T cells of both fresh and thawed UCB MNC. Further studies, however, are required to determine whether these ex vivo--expanded MNC could also potentially exacerbate acute or chronic graft-vs-host disease and/or other toxicities if utilized post-UCBT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ayello
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Carmella
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van de Ven
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Issitt
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kurtzberg
authors.forename: Mitchell S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cairo
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000494:pharmacology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D017252:CD3 Complex; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015851:Interleukin-7; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens