title: Environmental factors during postnatal period modify activity and non-selective attention in the Naples High-Excitability rat.
abstract: The involvement of epigenetic factors in the phenotypic expression of the neural systems underlying activity and attentive processes has been investigated in an animal model of hyperactivity and attention-deficit, the Naples High-Excitability rat (NHE). To this aim, male NHE pups have been reared in small (four) or normal litter size (nine) during the first 4 weeks of postnatal life. Both groups underwent a differential handling procedure occurring once, twice or four times a week. After weaning (28 days), rats were housed in groups of two and tested as young adults for activity and non-selective attention in a spatial novelty situation for three consecutive tests at 24-h intervals. The behaviour was videotaped and analysed off line for the frequency of corner crossings and rearings and duration of rearings. The results indicate that the increased maternal care and high fat diet induced by the small litter size produced long lasting effects on activity and duration of rearing episodes that indexes non-selective attention. These effects were complex as differential handling was beneficial only at low stimulation level. Thus, these findings suggest that epigenetic factors acting during critical periods of post-natal development may interact with genetic determinants that in turn influence the maturation of the neural systems controlling activity, orienting and scanning time.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Behaviour and Neural Networks, Departmental of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, II University of Naples, Naples 80138, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fresiello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grammatikopoulos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pignatelli
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Sadile
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004777:Environment; D006234:Handling, Psychological; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats