title: Requirement for a peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) in Relish activation and antibacterial immune responses in Drosophila.
abstract: Components of microbial cell walls are potent activators of innate immune responses in animals. For example, the mammalian TLR4 signaling pathway is activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and is required for resistance to infection by Gram-negative bacteria. Other components of microbial surfaces, such as peptidoglycan, are also potent activators of innate immune responses, but less is known about how those components activate host defense. Here we show that a peptidoglycan recognition protein, PGRP-LC, is absolutely required for the induction of antibacterial peptide genes in response to infection in Drosophila and acts by controlling activation of the NF-kappaB family transcription factor Relish.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Kwang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stöven
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hultmark
authors.forename: Kathryn V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D005091:Exons; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017344:Genes, Insect; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; C488990:AttA protein, Drosophila; C488991:AttB protein, Drosophila; C488989:AttC protein, Drosophila; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C054756:DptA protein, Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; C101626:Rel protein, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors; C039711:attacin antibacterial protein, insect; C118897:peptidoglycan recognition protein; C031161:cecropin A