title: Use of microsatellite analysis in young patients with colorectal cancer to identify those with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in young patients with colorectal cancer was evaluated, including reexamination of the medical and family history of each patient, and interviews with the patients to determine any possible new occurrence of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) in the patients themselves or their family members.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three young patients (younger than 40 years of age) with colorectal cancer were selected and investigated. DNA was extracted from paraffin sections and microsatellite analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of MSI among the young patients with colorectal cancer was 50.9%, which was significantly higher than the rate of 12-21% noted in older patients with colorectal cancer (P < 0.001). For the 24 young patients with colorectal cancer who did not have MSI, only one case of HNPCC kindred and two cases with a family history of cancer were identified. In contrast, among the 20 young patients with colorectal cancer who had MSI, five cases of HNPCC kindred, two cases with metachronous patients with colorectal cancer, and three cases with a family history of cancer were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that a defect in the DNA mismatch repair system may play some role in carcinogenesis in young patients with colorectal cancer. Microsatellite analysis and subsequent interviews regarding medical and family history are useful tools for efficiently identifying possible cases of HNPCC among young patients with colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikenaga
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohue
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nishisho
authors.forename: Nobuteru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Morito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004260:DNA Repair; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm