title: Heterospecific transgenesis in Drosophila suggests that engrailed.a is regulated by POU proteins in the crustacean Sacculina carcini.
abstract: Almost all knowledge of the regulation of segmentation genes in arthropods comes from Drosophila. In order to study the regulation of the segment-polarity gene engrailed in a non-insect arthropod we focussed on putative regulatory regions of the engrailed.a (en.a) gene in the barnacle crustacean Sacculina carcini. In this animal, en.ais expressed in segmental stripes like the engrailed genes of other arthropods. As transgenesis in Sacculina is not possible at present, we have used Drosophila as a test tube. The Sacculina en.aintron is able to induce a specific expression of lacZin the Drosophila wing imaginal disc.This pattern is not an engrailed-like pattern, but does suggest that some Drosophila transcription factors interact with the Sacculina en.a intron. We show that two DrosophilaPOU proteins, Nubbin and VVL, and Engrailed itself bind to the Sacculina en.a intron in vitro and that they regulate this expression in vivo. The conservation of POU protein binding sites in metazoans suggests that Sacculina POU proteins could recognize the same sequences. Hence, we looked at the expression of nubbin and vvlhomologues in Sacculinalarvae. Indeed, their expression patterns are consistent with a putative regulatory function on en.a in segments and appendages. Remarkably, the vvl homologue is expressed in Sacculina in a striking striped pattern that is very different from the vvl pattern in Drosophila embryos, and is complementary to the Sacculina en.a pattern. These experiments suggest that the Sacculina engrailed.a gene is regulated by POU proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Cambridge University, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. jmg59@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gibert
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Joannin
authors.forename: Marylin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blin
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigolot
authors.forename: Emmanuèle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mouchel-Vielh
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quéinnec
authors.forename: Jean S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Deutsch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns; D007763:Lac Operon; D007814:Larva; D050809:POU Domain Factors; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D001468:Thoracica / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D050809:POU Domain Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C106185:engrailed homeobox proteins; C104121:nub protein, Drosophila; C091575:vvl protein, Drosophila