title: Rapid prediction of gross energy and utilizable energy in cereal food products using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used in foods for the rapid assessment of several macronutrients; however, little is known about its potential for the evaluation of the utilizable energy of foods. Using NIR reflectance spectra (1104-2494 nm) of ground cereal products (n = 127) and values for energy measured by bomb calorimetry, chemometric models were developed for the prediction of gross energy and available energy of diverse cereal food products. Standard errors of cross-validation for NIR prediction of gross energy (range = 4.05-5.49 kcal/g), energy of samples after adjustment for unutilized protein (range = 3.99-5.38 kcal/g), and energy of samples after adjustment for unutilized protein and insoluble dietary fiber (range = 2.42-5.35 kcal/g) were 0.053, 0.053, and 0.088 kcal/g, respectively, with multiple coefficients of determination of 0.96. Use of the models on independent validation samples (n = 58) gave energy values within the accuracy required for U.S. nutrition labeling legislation. NIR spectroscopy, thus, provides a rapid and accurate method for predicting the energy of diverse cereal foods.
authors.affiliation: Quality Assessment Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 5677, Athens, GA 30604-5677. sekays@qaru.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kays
authors.forename: Franklin E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Barton
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002151:Calorimetry; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005515:Food Labeling; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods