title: Regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathways by protein phosphatases.
abstract: Stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) signaling plays essential roles in eliciting adequate cellular responses to stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. SAPK pathways are composed of three successive protein kinase reactions. The phosphorylation of SAPK signaling components on Ser/Thr or Thr/Tyr residues suggests the involvement of various protein phosphatases in the negative regulation of these systems. Accumulating evidence indicates that three families of protein phosphatases, namely the Ser/Thr phosphatases, the Tyr phosphatases and the dual specificity Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphatases regulate these pathways, each mediating a distinct function. Differences in substrate specificities and regulatory mechanisms for these phosphatases form the molecular basis for the complex regulation of SAPK signaling. Here we describe the properties of the protein phosphatases responsible for the regulation of SAPK signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan. tamura@idac.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsura
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Takayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases