title: Polyphenolic antioxidants from the fruits of Chrysophyllum cainito L. (Star Apple).
abstract: Chrysophyllum cainito L. (Sapotaceae), known commonly as star apple or caimito, is a tropical tree that bears edible fruits. The fruits are grown commercially in certain tropical and subtropical areas, such as southern Florida. In this study, the fresh fruits were extracted with methanol and partitioned with hexane and ethyl acetate sequentially. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction displayed high antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50 = 22 microg/mL). Activity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate soluble fraction was performed to identify the antioxidant constituents. Nine known polyphenolic antioxidants, (+)-catechin (1), (-)-epicatechin (2), (+)-gallocatechin (3), (-)-epigallocatechin (4), quercetin (5), quercitrin (6), isoquercitrin (7), myricitrin (8), and gallic acid, have been identified from the fruits. Of these nine antioxidants, 2 is present in the highest concentration in star apple fruits (7.3 mg/kg fresh weight), and 5 showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 40 microM) in the DPPH assay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York 10468, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Basile
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kennelly
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D002392:Catechin / Q000032:analysis; D002845:Chromatography; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D029632:Sapotaceae; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011108:Polymers; C012526:quercitrin; C008577:myricitrin; D005707:Gallic Acid; D002392:Catechin; D011794:Quercetin