title: Genomic sequence and cardiac expression of atrial natriuretic peptide in cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in cats and its typical regions of cardiac expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  5 healthy adult mixed-breed cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total RNA was extracted from samples obtained from the left and right atrium, left and right ventricle, and interventricular septum of each cat. The RNA was used to produce cDNA for sequencing and northern blot analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from feline blood samples. Polymerase chain reaction primers designed from consensus sequences of other species were used to clone and sequence the feline ANP gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The feline ANP gene consists of 1,072 nucleotides. It consists of 3 exons (123, 327, and 12 nucleotides) separated by 2 introns (101 and 509 nucleotides). It has several typical features of eukaryotic genes and a putative steroid-response element located within the second intron. Preprohormone ANP consists of 153 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of the active form of feline ANP (ANP-30) is identical to that of equine, bovine, and ovine ANP-30 and differs from that of human, canine, and porcine ANP-28 only by 2 carboxy-terminal arginine residues. The ANP mRNA was detected only in the left and right atria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genetic and protein structure and principal regions of cardiac expression of feline ANP are similar to those of other species. Results of this study should be helpful in future studies on the natriuretic response in cats to diseases that affect cardiovascular function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61802, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Biondo
authors.forename: Zonglin L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wiedmeyer
authors.forename: Helio S Autran
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: de Morais
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Sisson
authors.forename: Philip E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Solter
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002415:Cats / Q000235:genetics*; D002417:Cattle; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012756:Sheep; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor