title: First non-ATP competitive glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3beta) inhibitors: thiadiazolidinones (TDZD) as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3beta) has a central role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Selective inhibitors which avoid tau hyperphosphorylation may represent an effective therapeutical approach to the AD pharmacotherapy and other neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we describe the synthesis, biological evaluation, and SAR of the small heterocyclic thiadiazolidinones (TDZD) as the first non-ATP competitive inhibitor of GSK-3beta. Their synthesis is based on the reactivity of sulfenyl chlorides. In GSK-3beta assays, TDZD derivatives showed IC(50) values in the micromolar range, whereas in other protein kinases assays they were devoid of any inhibitory activity. SAR studies allowed the identification of the key structural features. Finally, a possible enzymatic binding mode is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. iqmam06@pinar2.csic.es
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3