Signaling by protein phosphatases in the nucleus.
The nucleus contains a large variety of protein phosphatases, which function in key processes such as cell-cycle progression, replication, transcription and RNA processing. Here, we review the pleiotropic action of nuclear protein phosphatases and focus in particular on the underlying signaling strategies. It appears that nuclear protein phosphatases can both mediate and antagonize signaling by protein kinases, sometimes as part of feedback loops. Some protein phosphatases shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, which enables them to act as signal transducers between both compartments. An emerging theme is the contribution of protein phosphatases to cycles of protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation that steer the assembly and firing of molecular machines in the nucleus.
Bollen
Mathieu
M
Afdeling Biochemie, Faculteit Geneeskunde, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Mathieu.Bollen@med.kuleuven.ac.be
Beullens
Monique
M
D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases