title: Leydig cell tumor of the testis: comparison of histopathological and immunohistochemical features of three azoospermic cases and one malignant case.
abstract: Leydig cell tumors of the testis are rare, mostly presenting as a testicular mass or as endocrinological symptoms. Here, three patients who were admitted for investigation of primary infertility and one patient presenting with a testicular mass are reported. The histological features were reviewed and an immunohistochemical study was done using a panel of antibodies against cytokeratin, vimentin, inhibin A, S-100, Ki-67, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, p53, bcl-2, and c-erbB2. The latter case (lost during follow up of metastatic disease) demonstrated massive tumor necrosis, extension through the tunica albuginea, and a high mitotic activity and MIB-1 score. Only this malignant case was bcl-2 positive. Of the two oncogenic markers studied, none of the cases were positive for c-erb2, while p53 was positive in more than 50% of cells in the malignant case and in one case of infertility with a large tumor, hemorrhage, focal necrosis and atypical cytological features. We recommend the evaluation of infertile men for Leydig cell tumors, and we believe that a panel of antibodies, including Ki-67, p53 and bcl-2, used for immunohistochemical analysis could be of diagnostic value in the identification of malignant and borderline cases of Leydig cell tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. hekimgil@alpha.med.ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hekimgil
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Altay
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Yakut
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soydan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozyurt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Killi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007984:Leydig Cell Tumor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53