Anchor dependency for non-glycerol based cationic lipofectins: mixed bag of regular and anomalous transfection profiles.
Although detailed structure-activity, physicochemical and biophysical investigations in probing the anchor influence in liposomal gene delivery have been reported for glycerol-based transfection lipids, the corresponding investigation for non-glycerol based simple monocationic transfection lipids have not yet been undertaken. Towards this end, herein, we delineate our structure-activity and physicochemical approach in deciphering the anchor dependency in liposomal gene delivery using fifteen new structural analogues (lipids 1-15) of recently reported non-glycerol based monocationic transfection lipids. The C(14) analogues in both series 1 (lipids 1-6) and series 2 (lipids 7-15) showed maximum efficiency in transfecting COS-1 and CHO cells. However, the C(12) analogue of the ether series (lipid 3) exhibited a seemingly anomalous behavior compared with its transfection efficient C(10) and C(14) analogues (lipids 2 and 4) in being completely inefficient to transfect both COS-1 and CHO cells. The present structure-activity investigation also convincingly demonstrates that enhancement of transfection efficiencies through incorporation of membrane reorganizing unsaturation elements in the hydrophobic anchor of cationic lipids is not universal but cell dependent. The strength of the interaction of lipids 1-15 with DNA was assessed by their ability to exclude ethidium bromide bound to the DNA. Cationic lipids with long hydrophobic tails were found, in general, to be efficient in excluding EtBr from DNA. Gel to liquid crystalline transition temperatures of the lipids was measured by fluorescence anisotropy measurement technique. In general (lipid 2 being an exception), transfection efficient lipids were found to have their mid transition temperatures at or below physiological temperatures (37 degrees C).
Singh
Rajkumar Sunil
RS
Division of Lipid Science and Technology Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500 007, India.
Mukherjee
Koushik
K
Banerjee
Rajkumar
R
Chaudhuri
Arabinda
A
Hait
Samik Kumar
SK
Moulik
Satya Priya
SP
Ramadas
Yerramsetti
Y
Vijayalakshmi
Amash
A
Rao
Nalam Madhusudhana
NM
D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010316:Particle Size; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013696:Temperature; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
D002412:Cations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C020888:1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine; D004247:DNA; D001616:beta-Galactosidase