title: Persistence of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and altered myelination in optic nerve associated to retina degeneration in mice devoid of all thyroid hormone receptors.
abstract: Thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine or T3) exerts a pleiotropic activity during central nervous system development. Hypothyroidism during the fetal and postnatal life results in an irreversible mental retardation syndrome. At the cellular level, T3 is known to act on neuronal and glial lineages and to control cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and differentiation. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) found at birth in the optic nerves are self-renewing cells that normally differentiate during the first 3 weeks of rodent postnatal life into postmitotic myelinating oligodendrocytes. In vitro, the addition of T3 to OPC is sufficient to trigger their terminal differentiation. The present analysis of T3 receptor knockout mice reveals that the absence of all T3 receptor results in the persistence of OPC proliferation in adult optic nerves, in a default in myelination, and sometimes in the degeneration of the retinal ganglion neurons. Thus, T3 signaling is necessary in vivo to promote the complete differentiation of OPC.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche, 5665, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique LA913, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baas
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samarut
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Flamant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D014284:Triiodothyronine