title: Effect of IgA on respiratory burst and cytokine release by human alveolar macrophages: role of ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappaB.
abstract: Human alveolar macrophages (HAM) express FcalphaR receptors for immunoglobulin (Ig)A which could link humoral and cellular branches of lung immunity. Here, we investigate the effects of polymeric (p-IgA) and secretory (S-IgA) IgA interaction with Fc(alpha)R on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated respiratory burst and TNF-alpha release by HAM. Activation of HAM with LPS and PMA increases the respiratory burst and TNF-alpha release through activation of the extracellular signal-related protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway, because these effects are inhibited by treatment of HAM with PD98059, a selective inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/ERK kinases (MEK) pathway. S-IgA and p-IgA downregulate the LPS-increased respiratory burst in HAM through an inhibition of ERK1/2 activity. In contrast, p- and S-IgA induce an increase in the respiratory burst of PMA-treated HAM. This effect is associated with an upregulation by IgA of the PMA-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and is also inhibited by PD98059. Moreover, p-IgA and S-IgA enhance TNF-alpha release by HAM through an alternative pathway distinct from ERK1/2. Because LPS is known to activate nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in HAM, we evaluate the effect of IgA on NF-kappaB. Treatment of HAM with LPS, p- and S-IgA, but not PMA, induces NF-kappaB activation through IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and subsequent proteolysis. Antioxidants, namely N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH), have no effects on IgA-mediated NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and only a minor and late effect on that of LPS, suggesting that reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) play a minor role in HAM activation through NF-kappaB. TNF-alpha release by LPS-activated HAM is sensitive to NF-kappaB inhibition and only partly to oxidant scavenging. In contrast, TNF-alpha release by IgA-treated HAM is not dependent on oxidants and only partly dependent on NF-kappaB. Our results show a differential HAM regulation by IgA through both dependent and independent modulation of ERK pathway. In addition, IgA activates NF-kappaB and this effect was independent on oxidants. These data may help to understand the role of IgA in both lung protection and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Unit, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouadrhiri
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pilette
authors.forename: Renato C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vaerman
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sibille
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D002273:Carcinogens; C036832:Fc(alpha) receptor; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate