title: Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of an azoospermic male with a de-novo Y;14 translocation and alternate centromere inactivation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Y-autosome (Y/A) translocations have been reported in association with male infertility. Different hypotheses have been made as to correlations between Y/A translocations and spermatogenetic disturbances. We describe an azoospermic patient with a de-novo Y;14 translocation: 45,X,dic(Y;14)(q12;p11).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytogenetic, fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular studies have been performed. A 14/22 (D14Z1/D22Z1) centromere and a Y centromere (DYZ1) probe both showed a signal on the translocation chromosome, confirming its dicentricity. Each copy of the translocation chromosome had only one primary constriction, with inactivation of the Y centromere in most (90%) of the cells. The 14 centromere was inactive in the remaining cells (10%). FISH and molecular deletion mapping analysis allowed acute assignment of the Yq breakpoint to the junction of euchromatin and heterochromatin (Yq12), distal to the AZF gene location (Yq11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the hypothesis that in Y/A translocations infertility might be related to meiotic disturbances with spermatogenetic arrest. In addition, sex chromosome molecular investigations, performed on single spermatids, suggest a highly increased risk of producing chromosomally abnormal embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, I.R.C.C.S. Saverio de Bellis, 70013 Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Buonadonna
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cariola
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caroppo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fiorente
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valenzano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentile
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002503:Centromere / Q000502:physiology*; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 / Q000235:genetics*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods*; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*