title: A genomewide linkage scan for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat in black and white families: The HERITAGE Family Study.
abstract: Abdominal visceral fat (AVF), abdominal subcutaneous fat (ASF), and abdominal total fat (ATF) were measured using a computed tomography scan, both before (baseline) and after (post) a 20-week endurance exercise training protocol in the HERITAGE Family Study. Each of the baseline and response (post minus baseline) measures was adjusted for several covariates, including total fat mass, and responses to training were further adjusted for baseline levels. Multipoint variance components linkage analysis using a genomewide scan of 344 markers was conducted separately by race using race-specific allele frequencies. Several promising results (P < 0.0023) were obtained. For baseline AVF, the best evidence was on 2q22.1 and 2q33.2-q36.3 (including the IRS1 locus) in whites, with suggestive findings on 7q22.2-q31.3 (including the LEP locus) in blacks. Although several regions were indicated for baseline ASF, only 4q31.22-q32.2 and 11p15.4-p11.2 replicated the results of another study. For responses to training, promising results were limited to ASF and ATF primarily on 7q36.2 (including NOS3) in blacks, with suggestive regions (P < 0.01) on 1q21.2-q24.1 (S100A, ATP1A2, and ATP1B1), 10q25.2 (ADRA2A), and 11p15.5 (IGF2). In summary, the 4q and 11p regions have now been implicated in two independent studies for ASF; further research is warranted to identify the genes and mutations in these regions that are responsible for fat accumulation in the abdominal depot. Additional work in an independent sample is needed to verify the linkages for baseline AVF as well as the response measures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. treva@wubios.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Treva
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Yvon C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chagnon
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérusse
authors.forename: Ingrid B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Borecki
authors.forename: Olavi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ukkola
authors.forename: Tuomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rankinen
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Arthur S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Leon
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: Jack H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wilmore
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D044383:Black People; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014781:Viscera; D044465:White People