title: Surveillance of HIV in the army of the Republic of Cyprus (SHARC); rationale, design, and implementation of an inexpensive system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To design and implement an HIV surveillance system using periodic cross sectional prevalence surveys in National Guard recruits of the Republic of Cyprus.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV infection surveillance used unlinked anonymous screening (UAS) methodology, which tested residual blood originally collected for other purposes. Residual blood from samples collected for ABO blood group typing at intake and samples from blood collected for hepatitis testing at discharge was used. Screening was unlinked and anonymous.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The system operated for four semiannual recruitment seasons: summer 1998 to the end of winter 2000. No recruits screened at entry into the ranks tested positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This was the first large scale HIV surveillance project in Cyprus. Without nationwide HIV surveys, periodic measurements of prevalence could lead to estimates of HIV incidence and provide insights on temporal changes in HIV infection rates. The prevalence data collected provide useful epidemiological information about the status of the HIV epidemic in this segment of the population in Cyprus.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, CT, USA. tassos1@mindspring.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kyriakides
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eleftheriou
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michaelides
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Papantoniou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D003535:Cyprus / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors