title: Validation of the Non-communicating Children's Pain Checklist-Postoperative Version.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Non-communicating Children's Pain Checklist-Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV) when used with children with severe intellectual disabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The caregivers of 24 children with severe intellectual disabilities (aged 3-19 yr) took part. Each child was observed by one of their caregivers and one of the researchers for 10 min before and after surgery. They independently completed the NCCPC-PV and made a visual analog scale rating of the child's pain intensity for those times. A nurse also completed a visual analog scale for the same observations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The NCCPC-PV was internally reliable (Cronbach alpha = 0.91) and showed good interrater reliability. A repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated NCCPC-PV total and subscale scores were significantly higher after surgery and did not differ by observer. Postoperative NCCPC-PV scores correlated with visual analog scale ratings provided by caregivers and researchers, but not with those of nurses. A score of 11 on the NCCPC-PV, by caregivers, provided 0.88 sensitivity and 0.81 specificity for classifying children with moderate to severe pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NCCPC-PV displayed good psychometric properties when used for the postoperative pain of children with severe intellectual disabilities and has the potential to be useful in a clinical setting. The results suggest familiarity with an individual child with intellectual disabilities is not necessary for pain assessment.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Pain Research Laboratory, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. lbreau@ns.sympatico.ca
authors.forename: Lynn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Breau
authors.forename: G Allen
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Finley
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Carol S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Camfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D003142:Communication; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009726:Nurses; D015588:Observer Variation; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012919:Social Behavior