title: Ovarian and adrenal steroid production: regulatory role of LH/HCG.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The contribution of the adrenal glands to the total circulating steroid pool in women is not well known. There is evidence that human adrenals express the LH receptor gene and that LH may affect adrenal androgen secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  HCG stimulation tests (a single dose of 5000 IU i.m.) were performed in women at reproductive age (group 1, n = 6, age 21--39 years) before and after treatment with a GnRH agonist for 3 weeks, and in oophorectomized post-menopausal women (group 2, n = 6, 47--59 years) during and after estrogen replacement therapy (ERT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCG did not stimulate the secretion of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) in group 2. In contrast, in group 1, the basal concentrations of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, testosterone and estradiol (E(2)) were stimulated significantly (17-OHP 105%, androstenedione 31%, testosterone 20%, E(2) 136%) by HCG, and the treatment with GnRH agonist decreased the responses. The basal serum concentrations of these steroids were significantly lower in oophorectomized women (17-OHP 57%, androstenedione 46%, testosterone 25%), and HCG did not increase these levels. It can be approximated that the ovarian contribution to the circulating levels of 17-OHP, androstenedione and testosterone is 25--30%, and that the adrenals are the primary source of cortisol, DHEA and DHEAS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LH/HCG does not have a major role in the regulation of adrenal steroid synthesis in endocrinologically healthy women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 University of Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Piltonen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koivunen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morin-Papunen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruokonen
authors.forename: I T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Huhtaniemi
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tapanainen
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D006728:Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006728:Hormones; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone