title: Irinotecan hydrochloride for the treatment of recurrent and refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a single institution experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) has a broad range of antitumor activity and has demonstrated little cross-resistance with doxorubicin or vincristine. In the current study, the authors investigated the efficacy and adverse effects of irinotecan in the treatment of recurrent and refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma, for which current therapies appear to be unsatisfactory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Irinotecan was administered by intravenous infusion at a dose of 40 mg/m(2)/day for 3 days, and this regimen was repeated 2-3 times at weekly intervals, followed by 2 weeks off therapy. The subjects were 48 patients with recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The histologic classification (Working Formulation) was low grade in 8 patients, intermediate grade in 36 patients, high grade in 1 patient, and other (angiocentric lymphoma, Ki-1 lymphoma, and unidentified) in 3 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five patients were determined to be evaluable. Therapy resulted in a complete disease remission in 2 patients and a partial remission in 15 patients. The response rate was 37.8%. The median duration of response was 64 days and the median time to disease progression was 77 days. The median survival time was 422 days. Major adverse reactions included myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. Leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia of Grade 3 or 4 (according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria) was observed in 63.0%, 30.4%, and 6.5% of the patients, respectively, and Grade 3 or 4 diarrhea occurred in 30.4% of patients. Treatment was withdrawn because of diarrhea in three patients. Because of myelosuppression and diarrhea, approximately 67% of the patients required changes to the regimen, including dose reduction, prolongation of the interval between treatments, and reducing the number of days of consecutive treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study suggest the activity of irinotecan as salvage therapy for patients with recurrent and refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, the optimum dosing schedule remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omachi
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saotome
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizunuma
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aiba
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002166:Camptothecin