title: [Distribution of the serum concentration of beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol in a representative sample of the adult population of Catalonia (Spain)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some vitamins (beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol) have been used in the prevention of neurovegetative diseases, immunodeficiencies and cancer because of the possible relation with the etiology and physiopathology of these disorders. Nevertheless, the serum values of such micronutrients in the population have not been described. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum concentrations of beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol in the Catalan population and to examine the prevalence of deficits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 343 individuals from a representative sample of individuals aged 18 to 75 years who had participated in the Nutritional Status of the Catalan Population (Spain) 1992-1993 study. Serum concentrations of beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum concentration of beta-carotene was 0.39 and 0.49 micromol/l in men and women, respectively, and the prevalence of deficits was 62% in men and 54% in women. The serum concentration of retinol was lower in women (1.68 mol/l) than in men (1.98 mol/l) but no deficit was detected for this vitamin. 12% of women aged 18 to 34 years showed a marginal deficit of alpha-tocopherol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study reveals good nutritional status of retinol and alpha-tocopherol in the sample studied. However, a high prevalence of suboptimal concentrations of beta-carotene was detected, which should be corrected increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición Comunitaria. Parc Científic Universitat de Barcelona.Unidad de Investigación. Hospital Universitario de Canarias. La Laguna. S.C. Tenerife. Spain.
authors.forename: Reina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García Closas
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serra Majem
authors.forename: Cruz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pastor Ferrer
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olmos Castellvell
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ribas Barbay Viñas
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salleras Sanmartí
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013030:Spain; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D002338:Carotenoids; C041635:alpha-carotene; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol