title: Prognostic factors of nosocomial pneumonia in general wards: a prospective multivariate analysis in Japan.
abstract: To determine prognostic factors of nosocomial pneumonia in general wards, we performed prospective clinical study using multivariate statistical analysis. Eighty patients with nosocomial pneumonia in our units were enrolled in the study between December, 1996 and January 1998. Clinical setting and severity of pneumonia were evaluated, and laboratory data were collected at the occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia. Death due to nosocomial pneumonia occurred in 29 of 80 patients (mortality rate 36%). Univariate analysis showed the following factors associated with mortality: the presence of an ultimately or rapidly fatal underlying condition, prior antibiotics use, use of antacids, presence of 'high-risk' micro-organisms, sepsis, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, bilateral chest X-ray infiltrates, a Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) index > or = 11, albumin < 3.0 g dl(-1), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > or = 796 IUI(-1). Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified three factors significantly associated with mortality: the presence of an ultimately or rapidly fatal underlying condition [odds ratio (OR)=7.0; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2-41.1; P=0.03]; SAPS index > or = 11 (OR=7.6; 95% CI=1.1-51.9, P=0.04); LDH > or = 796 IUI(-1) (OR=28.2; 95% CI=2.0-406, P=0.01). Our study indicates that host factors and disease severity factors are important prognostic factors of nosocomial pneumonia in general wards.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Honjo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muranaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000863:Antacids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000635:transmission; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000863:Antacids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012709:Serum Albumin; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase