title: The implementation of a surgical antibiotic prophylaxis program: the pivotal contribution of the hospital pharmacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although surgical site infection rates have decreased with the prophylactic use of antibiotics, the inappropriateness of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is still a worldwide problem. Various strategies have been used to address this problem. This study describes the implementation of a perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocol that emphasizes the contribution of the pharmacist.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study design was used to evaluate the impact of the protocol on the appropriateness of prophylaxis in a private university hospital. The surgical antibiotic prophylaxis of all surgeries was evaluated for 1 month before and 1 month after the implementation of the protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The appropriateness of the indication for prophylaxis rose from 56.4% to 100% and that of the postoperative maintenance prophylactic antibiotics rose from 21.9% to 95.7%. The cost of the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis per surgery decreased 40.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of a cost-effective perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocol was the result of a multidisciplinary effort. The hospital pharmacist participated in education activities as part of the discussion groups on the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocol that involved all participants and in managerial actions that optimized the process of ordering, dispensing, administering, and documenting the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Aparecida M B
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.forename: Maria Patelli J S
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Irene da Rocha H
authors.initials: Ida R
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Gun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bergsten-Mendes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control