title: Lateralization and prognostic value of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aims of this prospective study were to investigate the stability of hippocampal metabolite ratios obtained by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), to evaluate the ability of MRS to determine the pre-surgical lateralization of seizure focus, and to assess the relationship between MRS results and postoperative outcomes in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within- and between-acquisition variations were evaluated in 30 control subjects, using the chemical-shift imaging technique. The most stable metabolite ratio was then applied for pre-surgical evaluation of 14 patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ratio between N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and choline-containing compounds (Cho) plus creatine-phosphocreatine (Cr), i.e., NAA/(Cho+Cr), had an overall smaller percentage change between measurements (13%-28%) than did the other ratios: NAA/Cho (18%-37%), NAA/Cr (11%-60%), and Cho/Cr (19%-51%). With a mean follow-up period of 27 months (range, 12-55 months) after an anterior temporal lobectomy, 10 patients were in Engel s class I (71%), 2 were in class II (14%), and 2 were in class III (14%). Lateralization by MRS was consistent with the operation side in 11 (79%) patients, including class I in 8 patients, class II in 1 patient, and class III in 2 patients. Ranges of reduced NAA/(Cho+Cr) values were similar between patients with different post-surgical outcomes: 0.26-0.47 for class I, 0.40-0.45 for class II, and 0.34-0.40 for class III (p=0.651).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proton MRS may be helpful in pre-surgical lateralization of the seizure focus in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy; however, it cannot provide prognostic information about postoperative seizure control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei.
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000032:analysis; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D010725:Phosphocreatine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate