title: Occurrence of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside in wheat.
abstract: An LC-MS method was developed for the analysis of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The limit of determination for zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone was 10 microg/kg. The recovery rates were calculated to be 69% and 89% at a concentration of 100 microg/kg for zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone, respectively. Twenty-four Bavarian wheat samples from a 1999 harvest were analyzed. Zearalenone was present in 22 of 24 field samples, the levels ranged from 11 to 860 microg/kg. Zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside was found in 10 of the zearalenone positive samples (42%) at levels ranging from 17 to 104 microg/kg. The amounts of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside were correlated to those of zearalenone (r2 = 0.86, b = 0.10). After gastrointestinal hydrolyzation, zearalenone-4-beta-glucopyranoside might be implicated in the development of a zearalenone-syndrome. Therefore, more attention should be focused on conjugated mycotoxins in food and feed.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Tierhygiene, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, 85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabell
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schneweis
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011786:Quality Control; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D005960:Glucosides; C050324:zearalenone-4-glucopyranoside; D015025:Zearalenone