title: A simple method for the determination of trace levels of alkylphenolic compounds in fish tissue using pressurized fluid extraction, solid phase cleanup, and high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection.
abstract: A simple automated extraction method for the determination of alkylphenolic compounds in fish tissue is reported. Pressurized fluid extraction is used to extract ground fish tissue, and the resulting extract is purified on aminopropyl silica (APS) extraction cartridges. With no further sample preparation, nonylphenol (NP) and its ethoxylates, up to nonylphenol pentaethoxylate, are quantitated using normal phase (APS Hypersil) high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The major advantage of this technique is elimination of the conventional gel permeation cleanup step, a lengthy procedure designed to remove fish lipids. Spiked recoveries with lake trout averaged 85% for the six NP and NP ethoxylates that were investigated. Tissue concentrations of NP and NP ethoxylates determined in fish from various locations of the Great Lakes region ranged from 18 to 2075 ng/g, wet weight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA. sdatta@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Loyo-Rosales
authors.forename: Clifford P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000032:analysis; D005399:Fishes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D011312:Pressure; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D010636:Phenols; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014873:Water Pollutants; C021754:terics; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C025256:nonylphenol