title: [The manifestations of 496 cases with thyroid-related immune orbitopathy and normal thyroid function].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the clinical manifestations of thyroid-related immune orbitopathy (TRIO) with normal thyroid function.
  
  
  METHODS
  496 cases with TRIO were collected from 1973 to 1994 and their clinical manifestations were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical manifestations showed that males are more than females. The disease occurred in middle aged persons with unilateral exophthalmos as the primary early manifestation. Most of the cases had the signs of eyelids and extraocular muscle involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The thyroid-related immune orbitopathy with normal thyroid function can be named thyroid-related immune orbitopathy-II. The clinical characteristics of this disease are unilateral, of signs of eyelids, exophthalmos and enlargement of eye muscles. The pseudo-tumors of the orbit are mainly considered for differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology*