title: Prospective evaluation of delayed technetium-99m sestamibi SPECT scintigraphy for preoperative localization of primary hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Delayed technetium-99m sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans were prospectively analyzed in a large series of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred thirty-eight patients underwent sestamibi-SPECT and were explored. Prospective data included preoperative demographics, clinical, sestamibi, and operative findings, laboratory values, and pathologic and follow-up laboratory results from all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1994 and 2000, 287 unexplored patients (85%) and 51 re-explored patients (15%) participated. The abnormal parathyroid glands excised from 336 of 338 patients included 299 single adenomas (88%) and 23 double adenomas (7%), and 14 patients had multigland hyperplasia (4%). Sestamibi SPECT correctly lateralized 349 of 400 abnormal parathyroid glands, with an overall sensitivity of 87%, an accuracy of 94%, and a positive predictive value of 86%. Precise localization occurred in 82% of the abnormal parathyroid glands. Sestamibi sensitivity was similar in unexplored (87%) and reoperative (92%) cases; two hundred eighty-six of 299 (96%) solitary adenomas, 38 of 46 (83%) double adenomas, but only 25 of 55 (45%) hyperplastic glands were identified. The mean weight of the true-positive glands (1252 +/- 1980 mg) was greater than that of the false-negative glands (297 +/- 286 mg) (P <.005). Three patients had persistent primary hyperparathyroidism, in spite of the excision of sestamibi-identified lesions in 2 cases. Follow-up indicated curative resection in 99% of the unexplored cases and 94% of the remedial cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sestamibi SPECT is highly accurate for the localization of parathyroid adenomas in unexplored and re-explored cases, where it is often the only imaging required. Its sensitivity is limited in multiglandular disease.
authors.affiliation: Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Nuclear Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: A Cahid
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Civelek
authors.forename: Elcin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozalp
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Udelsman
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi