title: PTEN expression in breast and endometrial cancer: correlations with steroid hormone receptor status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The PTEN (MMAC1/TEP1) tumor suppressor gene is frequently mutated and homozygously deleted in human neoplasms, but there is only sparse information about PTEN protein expression in hormone-dependent female tumors. Therefore, we investigated PTEN expression in 68 breast and 43 endometrial carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  For PTEN protein detection, we used Western blot analysis followed by densitometry and compared these data with clinicopathologic parameters, the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status, HER2/neu and the proliferation marker Ki67.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We were able to show significantly decreased PTEN protein expression in endometrial carcinomas compared with normal endometrial tissue samples, especially in the endometrioid histological subtype. In contrast, PTEN downregulation was found more rarely in breast cancer. Lower PTEN expression in breast cancer correlated significantly with high ER immunoreactivity (p = 0.008) and was weakly associated with PR expression (p = 0.055) and low histological grading (p = 0.081). No correlation with any of these parameters was observed in endometrial tumors. In both tumor types, no association of PTEN expression with any other analyzed parameter was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PTEN expression plays different roles in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinomas and breast cancer. In mammary carcinomas, loss of PTEN expression is mainly found in more differentiated tumors and is probably not a major event in carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecopathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kappes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goemann
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bamberger
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Löning
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Milde-Langosch
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C494929:PTEN protein, human