title: The T-box transcription factor Brachyury mediates cartilage development in mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2.
abstract: The BMP2-dependent onset of osteo/chondrogenic differentiation in the acknowledged pluripotent murine mesenchymal stem cell line (C3H10T1/2) is accompanied by the immediate upregulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) and a delayed response by FGFR2. Forced expression of FGFR3 in C3H10T1/2 is sufficient for chondrogenic differentiation, indicating an important role for FGF-signaling during the manifestation of the chondrogenic lineage in this cell line. Screening for transcription factors exhibiting a chondrogenic capacity in C3H10T1/2 identified that the T-box containing transcription factor Brachyury is upregulated by FGFR3-mediated signaling. Forced expression of Brachyury in C3H10T1/2 was sufficient for differentiation into the chondrogenic lineage in vitro and in vivo after transplantation into muscle. A dominant-negative variant of Brachyury, consisting of its DNA-binding domain (T-box), interferes with BMP2-mediated cartilage formation. These studies indicate that BMP-initiated FGF-signaling induces a novel type of transcription factor for the onset of chondrogenesis in a mesenchymal stem cell line. A potential role for this T-box factor in skeletogenesis is further delineated from its expression profile in various skeletal elements such as intervertebral disks and the limb bud at late stages (18.5 d.p.c.) of murine embryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Osteo-Angiogenesis Group, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung (GBF), Mascheroder Weg 1, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czichos
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaps
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bächner
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Basan Gowda
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kurkalli
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zilberman
authors.forename: Gadi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turgeman
authors.forename: Gadi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pelled
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gazit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002356:Cartilage / Q000196:embryology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D005260:Female; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D051518:Fibroblast Growth Factor 3; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000098908:Brachyury Protein
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D051518:Fibroblast Growth Factor 3; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D000098908:Brachyury Protein; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; C496444:FGF3 protein, human; C489197:Fgf3 protein, mouse; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2