title: Late-onset depression: can EEG abnormalities help in clinical sub-typing?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of EEG abnormalities indicative of mild cerebrovascular dysfunction in patients with late-onset depression and to correlate these abnormalities with clinical features.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects, aged > or = 50 years, were 51 outpatients with major depression diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. They were living in the community and prospectively selected at their initial consultation for mostly mild-moderate depression. We also included 32 normal age-matched controls. We examined basic rhythms and temporal slow waves on EEG and determined the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) as a scale for the severity of psychiatric symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Temporal slow waves were more common in depressed patients (47%) than in normal controls (22%). Depressed patients with temporal slow waves had significantly lower frequency of family history of mood disorders (P<0.05). There was no difference in the total score of HAMD between patients with and without temporal slow waves, however, each score of HAMD in patients with temporal slow waves showed a significantly lower score for "feeling of guilt" (P<0.01) and a significantly higher score for "general somatic symptoms" (P<0.01) and "hypochondriasis" (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our EEG study suggested that temporal slow waves, which were probably associated with subtle cerebrovascular lesions, might reflect vulnerability to late-onset depression. In addition, depressed patients with temporal slow waves could be classified as a subgroup of heterogeneous late-onset depression based on the clinical findings. These results must be interpreted within the limitations of the sample selection procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mie University School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. motomura@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Eishi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Motomura
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamanaka
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okazaki
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*