Cold stress alters Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia expression of mu opiate receptor transcripts determined by real-time RT-PCR and morphine levels.
Previous pharmacological, biochemical and molecular evidence prove that mu-subtype opiate receptors and opiate alkaloids, i.e. morphine, are present in the ganglionic nervous system of the mollusk Mytilus edulis (bivalve). We now present molecular evidence on the effect of rapid temperature changes on mu opiate receptor expression and morphine levels. Using primers, a labeled Taq-Man probe derived from the human neuronal mu1 opiate receptor, and real-time RT-PCR to measure the expression of mu transcripts from Mytilus pedal ganglia, we observe, in animals placed in cold water from room temperature, an enhanced morphine and morphine 6 glucuronide level in addition to a decrease in mu opiate receptor gene expression. This study provides further evidence that mu-type opiate receptors and morphine are expressed in mollusk ganglia and appear to be involved in physiological processes responding to thermal stress.
Cadet
Patrick
P
Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York, College at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568-0210, USA.
Zhu
Wei
W
Mantione
Kirk J
KJ
Baggerman
Geert
G
Stefano
George B
GB
D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D009020:Morphine / Q000378:metabolism*; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D009420:Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000235:genetics*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; C035349:morphine-6-glucuronide; D009020:Morphine