title: Performance of efficient test procedures for frequency-doubling technology perimetry in normal and glaucomatous eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate the clinical performance of two new efficient threshold-estimation procedures for frequency-doubling technology (FDT) perimetry in both visually normal individuals and patients with glaucomatous visual field loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one normal subjects (mean age, 48.3 +/- 11.6 years) and 50 patients with glaucomatous visual field loss (mean age, 72.7 +/- 10.0 years) were tested. Some of these participants were retested within a 3-month period. FDT perimetry was performed on a color monitor driven by a visual-stimulus-generating video board, with stimulus parameters designed to closely mimic those of the commercial FDT test. Visual field sensitivity was measured using three procedures: a modified binary search (MOBS) identical with the one used in the commercial FDT device, a rapid efficient binary search (REBS), and a procedure the uses Bayesian methods (zippy estimation of sequential testing; ZEST). The selection of optimum parameters for REBS and ZEST were based on results from previous simulations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both ZEST and REBS were 40% to 50% faster than MOBS. All three methods produced similar visual field sensitivity measures, with 95% of the differences occurring between +/-2 dB for normal subjects and +/-3 dB for glaucoma patients. Test-retest performance was similar for all three procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The test time for full-threshold FDT perimetry can be approximately halved, by using either the ZEST or REBS procedure, without affecting the accuracy or reliability of the measurements. These findings in normal subjects and patients with glaucoma provide clinical confirmation of our previous investigations of these test strategies that use computer simulation.
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Clinical Research and Technology Center, PO Box 3950, Portland, Oregon 97208-3950, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turpin
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McKendrick
authors.forename: Chris A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Algis J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vingrys
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields