title: Resting CD4(+) T cells with CD38(+)CD62L(+) produce interleukin-4 which contributes to enhanced replication of T-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
abstract: A significant increase in the CD38(+) population among T lymphocytes has been observed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected carriers. We previously reported a higher replication rate of T-tropic HIV-1 in the CD4(+)CD38(+)CD62L(+) than CD38(-) subset under conditions of mitogen stimulation after infection. Here, we revealed a similarly high susceptibility in the CD38(+) subset on culture with conditioned medium containing Th2 cytokine, interleukin (IL)-4 that was produced endogenously from this subset on stimulation with mitogen or anti-CD3 antibody for 3 days. The contribution of IL-4 to the upregulated production of virus in the CD38(+) subset was confirmed by culture of this subset with recombinant human IL-4. In contrast, the rate of replication in the CD38(-) subset was not augmented in the conditioned medium from either subset or with IL-4. However, there were no differences in the surface expression of IL-4 receptor or HIV-1 receptors CD4 and CXCR4 between the two subsets. Thus, the CD4(+)CD38(+)CD62L(+) subset comprises a specific cell population secreting endogenous Th2 cytokine that contributes to the efficient production of T-tropic HIV-1 through upregulation at a certain stage of the viral life cycle, probably after the adsorption step.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinomoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurosu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komoto
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraga
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otake
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikuta
mesh_terms: D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000032:analysis*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000032:analysis*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D019041:L-Selectin; D015847:Interleukin-4; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1