title: Screening mammography in older women: a pilot study of residents' decisions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening mammography is a commonly employed preventive modality. The employment of mammography in older women is not supported by evidence from clinical trials, largely because elderly women were excluded from such trials. Most guidelines do not recommend routine screening in older women. How residents reason in this gray zone has been subject to little empirical study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to answer two questions: How variable are residents' decision responses to mammography screening scenarios in older women where there is no clear evidence? What reasons do residents give to justify these decisions?
  
  
  METHODS
  Residents were asked to respond to four scenarios and give their screening recommendations and the reasons justifying their decisions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was considerable variability in resident responses to the four scenarios. Only in one scenario was there near unanimity on the preferred screening decision. Resident perceptions of quality of life, longevity and understanding of the guidelines were cited as justification for their decisions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical preceptors should be aware of how the variability of resident perceptions of such factors as quality of life and prognosis may influence decision-making.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. rupshur@idirect.com
authors.forename: Ross E G
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Upshur
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003657:Decision Making; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000592:standards*; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'