title: [Effects of selective RAR or/and RXR retinoids on the proliferation and differentiation of NB4 cells and their mechanisms].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of RARbeta selective agonist and RARalpha antagonist (RARbeta +/RARalpha -) BMS453 in combination with RXR selective agonist (RXR+) BMS649 on the proliferation and differentiation of NB4 cells, and illustrate the mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proliferation and differentiation of NB4 cells were detected by cell count, morphological observation, NBT reduction assay, immunofluorescence analysis, flow cytometry and RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMS453 in combination with BMS649 could significantly inhibited the growth of NB4 cell in the manner of dose and time dependence. NB4 cells treated with BMS453 and BMS649 were irreversibly committed to morphologically and functionally more differentiated granulocytic cells. When NB4 cells were treated with BMS453 and BMS649 for 0, 1, 3, 12, 24 and 48 h, RARalpha, RARbeta and RXRalpha expressions were up regulated at 1 h and 3h, respectively. As compared to ATRA, the situations had no significant difference. In contrast, BMS453 or BMS649 alone was ineffective on NB4 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMS453 (RARbeta+/RARalpha-) in combination with BMS649 (RXR+) significantly and synergistically inhibit proliferation of NB4 cells and induce them into granulocytic differentiation, the mechanism of which may be mediated by the AF-2 activity of RXR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Renji Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001, China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oyang
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C462945:BMS 649; C000607071:RARA protein, human; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D012176:Retinoids; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta; C402892:BMS453