title: Dioxin inhibition of estrogen-induced mouse uterine epithelial mitogenesis involves changes in cyclin and transforming growth factor-beta expression.
abstract: A single dose of dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin or TCDD; 5 microg/kg, ip) inhibits 17beta-estradiol (E2)-induced uterine epithelial mitogenesis, apparently through disruption of stromal-epithelial interactions. To understand if TCDD alters early uterine (Ut) responses to E2, young adult C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized and given (i.p.) either oil or 5 microg/kg TCDD. After 24 h, TCDD-treated mice received E2, and oil-treated mice were given E2 or oil. Body and Ut weights were collected 6 and 18 h later. Ut were flash-frozen at 6 h. E2 increased Ut weight (p < 0.0001) and Ut/body weight ratio (p < 0.0001), compared to mice given oil alone. Ut cyclin expression was assessed by an RNase protection assay. E2 increased mRNA expression for cyclin A2 and B1 (p < 0.05), in addition to D1, D2, and D3 (p < 0.001), while cyclin C was unchanged from oil controls and cyclins A1 and B2 were undetectable. In contrast, TCDD completely abolished E2-induced cyclin A2, which has been associated with S phase initiation, and reduced B1 and D2 (p < 0.05). Interestingly, TCDD did not alter E2-induced Ut weight increases at 6 h, but inhibited E2-induced Ut weight gain at 18 h. A 10-microg/kg TCDD dose was necessary for attenuation of the early E2-induced Ut weight increases (p < 0.01). Since TGF-beta regulates cyclins, Ut TGF-beta was also assessed in TCDD + E2-treated and control mice. TGF-beta mRNA levels were increased after TCDD compared to E2 alone (p < 0.01), suggesting a possible mechanism for TCDD inhibition of Ut cyclin A2. Thus, TCDD alters specific E2-regulated Ut G(1) phase activities and may inhibit E2-induced Ut epithelial mitogenesis by disrupting specific cell signaling mechanisms necessary for S phase initiation in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrative Bioscience, Okazaki National Research Institutes, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan. buchanal@nieyhs.nih.gov
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohsako
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tohyama
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: Taisen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016213:Cyclins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D016213:Cyclins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D004967:Estrogens; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D004958:Estradiol