Beneficial effects of alpha-lipoic acid plus vitamin E on neurological deficit, reactive gliosis and neuronal remodeling in the penumbra of the ischemic rat brain.
During cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the enhanced production of oxygen-derived free radicals contributes to neuronal death. The antioxidants alpha-lipoic acid and vitamin E have shown synergistic effects against lipid peroxidation by oxidant radicals in several pathological conditions. A thromboembolic stroke model in rats was used to analyze the effects of this mixture under two oral treatments: intensive and prophylactic. Neurological functions, glial reactivity and neuronal remodeling were assessed after experimental infarction. Neurological recovery was only found in the prophylactic group, and both antioxidant schemes produced down-regulation of astrocytic and microglial reactivity, as well as higher neuronal remodeling in the penumbra area, as compared with controls. The beneficial effects of this antioxidant mixture suggest that it may be valuable for the treatment of cerebral ischemia in humans.
Gonzalez-Perez
O
O
División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO) del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico.
Gonzalez-Castañeda
R E
RE
Huerta
M
M
Luquin
S
S
Gomez-Pinedo
U
U
Sanchez-Almaraz
E
E
Navarro-Ruiz
A
A
Garcia-Estrada
J
J
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D019922:GAP-43 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D019922:GAP-43 Protein; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D016708:Synaptophysin; D014810:Vitamin E; D008063:Thioctic Acid