title: Influence of equianaesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide and isoflurane on regional cerebral blood flow, regional cerebral blood volume, and regional mean transit time in human volunteers.
abstract: Nitrous oxide and isoflurane have cerebral vasodilatory effects. The use of isoflurane in neuroanaesthesia is widely accepted, whereas the use of nitrous oxide in neuroanaesthesia is still the subject of debate. In the present study, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion measurement was used to compare the effects of 0.4 MAC nitrous oxide (n=9) and 0.4 MAC isoflurane (n=9) on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and regional mean transit time (rMTT) in spontaneously breathing human volunteers. Nitrous oxide increased rCBF and rCBV in supratentorial regions more than did isoflurane. Isoflurane, by contrast, increased rCBF and rCBV in basal ganglia more than did nitrous oxide. An increased rMTT was caused by a relatively greater increase in rCBV than in rCBF supratentorially by isoflurane and infratentorially by nitrous oxide. In conclusion, nitrous oxide increases rCBF and rCBV predominantly in supratentorial grey matter, whereas isoflurane increases rCBF and rCBV predominantly in infratentorial grey matter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kolbitsch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hörmann
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Luger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schocke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Felber
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zschiegner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hinteregger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kremser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000187:drug effects*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D007530:Isoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide