Research publications in vascular and interventional radiology: research topics, study designs, and statistical methods.
OBJECTIVE
Statistical analysis is the universal language of medical research and is a vital tool for communicating the results of vascular and interventional radiology (VIR) procedures. Major articles in two radiology journals were surveyed to characterize the research topics, study designs, and statistical methods seen in recent VIR research publications.


METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed 130 major clinical VIR articles published from July 2000 to June 2001: 72 articles (55%) from JVIR and 58 articles (45%) from RADIOLOGY: Articles were categorized by research topic and study design. Data were collected on the statistical methodology of each article.


RESULTS
Research topics included vascular intervention in 65 of 130 articles (50%), nonvascular intervention in 26 (20%), vascular imaging in 23 (18%), biopsy in nine (7%), and other topics in seven (5%). Study design was descriptive in 87 studies (67%), comparative in 39 studies (30%), and involved secondary data analysis in four studies (3%). Of 126 primary clinical studies, outcome was cross-sectional (assessed at a single time point) in 40 studies (32%) and longitudinal (measured over time) in 86 studies (68%). Median sample size was 61. Basic tests of association (t-test, chi(2) test, etc.) were used in 71 articles (56%) and advanced tests of association (regression analysis) were presented in 25 (20%). Survival analysis was applied in 34 articles (27%). Decision statistics such as sensitivity/specificity were not used commonly (12%). Confidence intervals and power calculations were reported infrequently (15% and 7%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
VIR publications focus on time-dependent outcomes after therapeutic interventions. Readers should understand basic tests of association and survival analysis--these include only 20 named statistical tests.
Huang
Wilmer
W
Departments of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M-361, Box 0628, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
LaBerge
Jeanne M
JM
Lu
Ying
Y
Glidden
David V
DV
D010506:Periodicals as Topic; D015642:Radiology, Interventional; D012107:Research Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures