title: A randomized study of combined botulinum toxin type A and casting in the ambulant child with cerebral palsy using objective outcome measures.
abstract: It is recognized that objective gait analysis is of great value in planning a multilevel botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment. After BTX-A treatment, objective outcome measures can provide new and interesting information for each individual child with cerebral palsy (CP). Moreover, by studying group results, we may evaluate our treatment hypotheses. The present prospective study attempts to document the effect of integrated multilevel BTX-A treatment on objective gait parameters and to define the optimal strategy for the combined treatment of BTX-A with casting in children with cerebral palsy. Objective three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) data were collected pre- and 2 months post-treatment, in two randomized patient groups: a first group of 17 children treated with lower leg casting prior to BTX-A injections, and a second group of 17 patients who received casting immediately after injections. The present study demonstrates that improved gait can be achieved after a multilevel BTX-A treatment, combined with casting, using a set of 90 gait parameters. The most pronounced improvement was seen at the ankle joint. The results in the knee, hip and pelvis imply that multilevel treatment of the child with CP should start at an early age, in order to prevent development of muscle contractures. Slightly more pronounced benefits, mainly in the proximal joints, were seen for the children who were casted after injections as compared to the children who were casted before injections.
authors.affiliation: Gait Analysis laboratory, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium. Kaat.Desloovere@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Desloovere
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Molenaers
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jonkers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Cat
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Borre
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nijs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eyssen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pauwels
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Cock
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002370:Casts, Surgical; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D013710:Tendons / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A