title: Dietary and adipose tissue gamma-tocopherol and risk of myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gamma-tocopherol, the most abundant form of dietary vitamin E, may lower the risk of coronary heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated whether dietary and adipose tissue gamma-tocopherol are associated with myocardial infarction (MI) in 475 survivors of a first MI and 479 controls from a population-based study carried out between 1994 and 1998 in Costa Rica. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire and an adipose tissue sample. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects in the highest quintile of dietary gamma-tocopherol had a lower risk of MI compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.50-1.17, P = 0.02 for trend). This trend was no longer statistically substantial in multivariate analysis (P = 0.44). A weak association was found for adipose tissue gamma-tocopherol in univariate (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 0.94-2.27) and multivariate (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 0.62-2.76) models. A substantial inverse association with MI was found for total dietary vitamin E whether supplement users were included or excluded (P = 0.01 and 0.05 for trend, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that gamma-tocopherol does not protect against nonfatal MI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Sohemy
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baylin
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spiegelman
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ascherio
authors.forename: Hannia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Campos
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003364:Costa Rica / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol