title: [In vivo and in vitro effects of selenium-enriched garlic on growth of human gastric carcinoma cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of selenium-enriched garlic (Se-garlic), garlic, Na2SeO3, and garlic + Na2SeO3 on growth of human gastric carcinoma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo and in vitro assays were carried out in the cultured human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803 transplanted in the nude mice by cell count, flow cytometry, Western blot and neoplasm volume measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inhibition effect of garlic was similar to that of Se-garlic, but Na2SeO3 was weaker than Se-garlic. Combination of garlic and Na2SeO3 was stronger than Se-garlic. In flow cytometry assay, the proportion of G1 phase was increased after 24 hour treatment of Se-garlic, garlic and Na2SeO3 in the non-synchronized cells. However, the proportion of S phase was increased in the synchronized cells. The proportion of G2 + M phase was increased both in non-synchronized and synchronized cells on treatment with the combination of garlic and Na2SeO3. The amount of Cdk2-CyclinE complex and Cdk4-CyclinD1 complex was decreased in all treated synchronized cells in immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assays. The growth of MGC803 tumor in male Balb/c nude mice was inhibited by administration of 1.67% of Se-garlic (Se 2 micrograms/g) in diet with an inhibition rate of 29.92% in tumor weight. Treatment of either 0.83% of Se-garlic or 1.67% of garlic or 4.38 micrograms/g of Na2SeO3 (Se 2 micrograms/g) could not appreciably inhibit the growth of tumor. Wrapping of a number of monocytes around the tumor was induced in 62.50% of tumors in 0.83% of the Se-garlic group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro, Se-garlic is able to inhibit the growth of MGC803 cell through action of garlic. In vivo, Segarlic is able to inhibit growth of MGC803 tumor in nude mice by being better than garlic and selenite.
authors.affiliation: Peking University School of Oncology & Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000378:metabolism; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012643:Selenium; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D064588:Selenium Oxides; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019927:Cyclin E; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D018036:Selenium Compounds; D064588:Selenium Oxides; D019938:Cyclin D1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; C495900:CDK4 protein, human; C495893:Cdk2 protein, mouse; C495902:Cdk4 protein, mouse; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D012643:Selenium