title: [The expression of P16, P21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 proteins in skin of patients with arseniasis caused by coal-burning and their significance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationships between arseniasis and skin carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expressions of p16, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 proteins in skin of arsenic intoxication patients caused by coal-burning was measured by immunohistochemistry methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intensity and density, and the positive percentage of p16 protein were gradually reduced as the skin pathological changes progressed. Expressions of p16 protein was lower in the carcinoma group (A group), pre-carcinoma group (B group) and overkeratosis group (C group) than the general cell proliferation group (D group) and normal group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). On the other hand, the cell density and the positive percentage of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 proteins were gradually increased as the skin pathological changes progressed. The expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) protein in all pathological groups were higher than the normal group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and expression of CyclinD1 protein in A, B and C groups were higher than the D group and normal group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skin overkeratosis may be the earlier stage of skin carcinoma, lower expression of p16 protein and overexpression of Cyclin D1 protein may be considered as prognostic biomarkers to skin carcinogenesis; p16, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 may play important role in the cooperative way in the development of arseniasis caused by coal-burning and further progression to skin carcinoma. Monitoring of the expression of p16, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 proteins may be valuable for early detection and early treatment and prognostic assessment of skin carcinoma caused by coal-burning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention Medicine, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D020261:Arsenic Poisoning / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003031:Coal / Q000009:adverse effects; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D003031:Coal; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D019938:Cyclin D1