title: Skin-to-Skin contact (Kangaroo care) promotes self-regulation in premature infants: sleep-wake cyclicity, arousal modulation, and sustained exploration.
abstract: The effect of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact (kangaroo care, or KC) on self-regulatory processes of premature infants was studied. Seventy-three infants who received KC were compared with 73 infants matched for birth weight, gestational age, medical risk, and family demographics. State organization was measured in 10-s epochs over 4 hr before KC and again at term. No differences between KC infants and controls were found before KC. At term, KC infants showed more mature state distribution and more organized sleep-wake cyclicity. At 3 months, KC infants had higher thresholds to negative emotionality and more efficient arousal modulation while attending to increasingly complex stimuli. At 6 months, longer duration of and shorter latencies to mother-infant shared attention and infant sustained exploration in a toy session were found for KC infants. The results underscore the importance of maternal body contact for infants' physiological, emotional, and cognitive regulatory capacities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Bar-tlan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel. feldman@mail.biu.ac.il
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Aron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sirota
authors.forename: Arthur I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Eidelman
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012927:Social Control, Informal