Molecular basis for innate immune recognition of microbial components.
Recognition of bacterial envelope constituents is one mechanism used by mammalian cells to initiate responses leading to bacterial killing, or, unfortunately, responses that also cause fatal septic shock. Many cell surface receptors by which these microbial components are recognized have been identified and characterized over the past a few years. In addition to CD14, which has been shown to be involved in the recognition of many microbial components, Toll-like receptors and MD-2 have been identified as factors playing a role in the receptor complexes of these components. Here we review the recent findings regarding the molecular basis for the recognition of microbial components.
Kawasaki
K
K
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Nishijima
M
M
D000818:Animals; D002464:Cell Migration Inhibition; D004330:Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D008322:Mammals; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C495341:tehao protein, Drosophila