title: Pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pulmonary veins (PVs) have been demonstrated to often play an important role in generating atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of segmental PV isolation in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 70 consecutive patients (mean age, 53 +/- 11 years) with paroxysmal (58) or persistent (12) AF, segmental PV isolation guided by ostial PV potentials was performed. The left superior, left inferior, and right superior PVs were targeted for isolation in all patients, and the right inferior PV was isolated in 20 patients. Among the 230 targeted PVs, 217 (94%) were completely isolated, with a mean of 6.5 +/- 4.2 minutes of radiofrequency energy applied at a maximum power setting of 35 W. A second PV isolation procedure was performed in 6 patients (9%). At 5 months of follow-up, 70% of patients with paroxysmal and 22% of patients with persistent AF were free from recurrent AF (P<0.001), and 83% of patients with paroxysmal AF were either free of symptomatic AF or had significant improvement. Among various clinical characteristics, only paroxysmal AF was an independent predictor of freedom from recurrence of AF (P<0.05). One patient developed unilateral quadrantopsia after the procedure. There were no other complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a segmental isolation approach that targets at least 3 PVs, a clinically satisfactory result can be achieved in >80% of patients with paroxysmal AF. The clinical efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation is much lower when AF is persistent than when it is paroxysmal.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. oralh@umich.edu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oral
authors.forename: Bradley P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozaydin
authors.forename: Aman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chugh
authors.forename: Sohail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scharf
authors.forename: Steve W K
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Radmira
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greenstein
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pelosi
authors.forename: S Adam
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Strickberger
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morady
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency