title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of a nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that includes receptors for steroids, retinoids, and thyroid hormone, all of which are known to affect the immune response. Previous studies dealing with PPAR-gamma expression in the immune system have been limited. Recently, PPAR-gamma was identified in monocyte/macrophage cells. In this study we examined the role of PPAR-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for the human disease multiple sclerosis. The hypothesis we are testing is whether PPAR-gamma plays an important role in EAE pathogenesis and whether PPAR-gamma ligands can inhibit the clinical expression of EAE. Initial studies have shown that the presence of the PPAR-gamma ligand 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15d-PGJ2) inhibits the proliferation of Ag-specific T cells from the spleen of myelin basic protein Ac(1-11) TCR-transgenic mice. 15d-PGJ2 suppressed IFN-gamma, IL-10, and IL-4 production by both Con A- and myelin basic protein Ac(1-11) peptide-stimulated lymphocytes as determined by ELISA and ELISPOT assay. Culture of encephalitogenic T cells with 15d-PGJ2 in the presence of Ag reduced the ability of these cells to adoptively transfer EAE. Examination of the target organ, the CNS, during the course of EAE revealed expression of PPAR-gamma in the spinal cord inflammatory infiltrate. Administration of 15d-PGJ2 before and at the onset of clinical signs of EAE significantly reduced the severity of disease. These results suggest that PPAR-gamma ligands may be a novel therapeutic agent for diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diab
authors.forename: Caishu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jeff D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Rehana Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Bounleut
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Phanavanh
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lovett-Racke
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Drew
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Racke
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D019672:Genes, T-Cell Receptor; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000276:immunology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000819:agonists* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000819:agonists* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; C405722:myelin basic protein 1-11; D015230:Prostaglandin D2