title: Blood pressure manipulation during awake carotid surgery to reverse neurological deficit after carotid cross-clamping.
abstract: We describe the management of three patients undergoing awake carotid surgery who developed signs of cerebral ischaemia after carotid cross-clamping. Drug treatment to increase arterial blood pressure above baseline reversed the neurological deficit and an internal carotid artery shunt was not needed. Shunt insertion is less frequent with regional rather than general anaesthesia, and blood pressure control can reduce this even more. Coincidentally, one of the patients, who gave a history of angina of effort after walking 100 m, complained of chest pain after cross-clamp release. This was treated successfully with sublingual nitroglycerin before ST segment changes became apparent on the ECG. These reports suggest that regional anaesthesia for carotid surgery allows potential complications to be identified earlier than under general anaesthesia using reports from the patient, so that treatment may be modified to prevent morbidity and even mortality.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford Radcliffe NHS Hospital, Headington, UK.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stoneham
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Warner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002572:Cervical Plexus; D003250:Constriction; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents