title: IFN-gamma and IL-12 but not IL-10 are required for local tumour surveillance in a syngeneic model of orthotopic bladder cancer.
abstract: In recent studies, a crucial role for IFN-gamma in immunosurveillance of tumours and in IL-12 immunotherapy has been suggested. Nevertheless, little is known about the relevance of IFN-gamma and IL-12 for tumour surveillance in noncytokine immunotherapy. Adjuvant immunotherapy with viable BCG (Bacillus Calmette--Guérin) is considered to be the most powerful clinical treatment regimen of bladder cancer and is known to induce a variety of proinflammatory cytokines. Consequently, we analysed the antitumour response of IFN-gamma knockout (KO), IL-12 KO and IL-10 KO mice in the absence and presence of BCG immunotherapy in a syngeneic orthotopic model of bladder cancer. IFN-gamma KO and IL-12 KO mice died much earlier and by far smaller tumour inocula compared to wildtype mice, while this intrinsic antitumour response was not altered in IL-10 KO mice. BCG immunotherapy was effective in wildtype mice, but totally ineffective in IFN-gamma KO and IL-12 KO mice. BCG induced a massive local immune response in the bladder of treated animals. This response was markedly increased in IL-10 KO mice, which coincides with increased therapeutic efficacy in this mouse strain compared with wildtype mice. Our data establish a crucial role for a Th1 type immune response in the intrinsic and immunotherapeutic control of local orthotopic bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunotherapy, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riemensberger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Böhle
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brandau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma