title: [Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis from community acquired respiratory infections in 2000].
abstract: The Viriato Study is a nationwide, multicenter prospective study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens commonly associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections in Portugal. In 2000, 28 laboratories participated in the study with a total of 1071 strains, with testing undertaken in a central laboratory. Of the 213 Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from patients with acute tonsillitis, all were susceptible to penicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate and cefuroxime, but 21.1% were resistant to erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and 16.4% to tetracycline. From patients with lower respiratory tract infection, 403 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 366 of Streptococcus pneumoniae and 89 of Moraxella catarrhalis were studied. 13.1% of H. influenzae and 94.4% of M. catarrhalis produced beta-lactamase. Among S. pneumoniae isolates, 25.1% were resistant to penicillin (8.8% showing high-level resistance), 14.5% to tetracycline, 12.8% to erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin, and 10.1% to cefuroxime. Overall, penicillin was the most active antimicrobial against S. pyogenes and amoxycillin/clavulanate the most active in vitro simultaneously against H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis isolated from patients with community-acquired LRTI in Portugal.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, Lisboa.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Melo-Cristino
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Serrano
mesh_terms: D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016870:Neisseriaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000382:microbiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects*