title: High temporal resolution phase contrast MRI with multiecho acquisitions.
abstract: Velocity imaging with phase contrast (PC) MRI is a noninvasive tool for quantitative blood flow measurement in vivo. A shortcoming of conventional PC imaging is the reduction in temporal resolution as compared to the corresponding magnitude imaging. For the measurement of velocity in a single direction, the temporal resolution is halved because one must acquire two differentially flow-encoded images for every PC image frame to subtract out non-velocity-related image phase information. In this study, a high temporal resolution PC technique which retains both the spatial resolution and breath-hold length of conventional magnitude imaging is presented. Improvement by a factor of 2 in the temporal resolution was achieved by acquiring the differentially flow-encoded images in separate breath-holds rather than interleaved within a single breath-hold. Additionally, a multiecho readout was incorporated into the PC experiment to acquire more views per unit time than is possible with the single gradient-echo technique. A total improvement in temporal resolution by approximately 5 times over conventional PC imaging was achieved. A complete set of images containing velocity data in all three directions was acquired in four breath-holds, with a temporal resolution of 11.2 ms and an in-plane spatial resolution of 2 mm x 2 mm.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1061, USA. tompsor@nih.gov
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Elliot R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: McVeigh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging