title: Improving pain management by nurses: A pilot Peer Intervention Program.
abstract: Significant pain continues to be reported by many hospitalized patients despite the numerous and varied educational programs developed and implemented to improve pain management. A theoretically based Peer Intervention Program was designed from a predictive model to address nurses' beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, perceived control and intentions in the management of pain with p.r.n. (as required) narcotic analgesia. The pilot study of this program utilized a quasi-experimental pre-post test design with a patient intervention, nurse and patient intervention and control conditions consisting of 24, 18 and 19 nurses, respectively. One week after the intervention, significant differences were found between the nurse and patient condition and the two other conditions in beliefs, self-efficacy, perceived control, positive trend in attitudes, subjective norms and intentions. The most positive aspects of the program were supportive interactive discussions with peers and an awareness and understanding of beliefs and attitudes and their roles in behavior.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nursing Research, Queensland University of Technology, Australia. h.edwards@qut.edu.au
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fentiman
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Skerman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Najman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing*; D010379:Peer Group; D013527:Perioperative Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards*; D011209:Power, Psychological; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012649:Self Concept
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid