title: Enhanced heme oxygenase activity increases the antioxidant defense capacity of guinea pig liver upon acute cobalt chloride loading: comparison with rat liver.
abstract: Changes in the activity of so-called oxidative stress defensive enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and heme oxygenase, as well as changes in lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione levels, were measured in guinea pig and rat liver after acute cobalt loading. Cobalt chloride administration produced a much higher degree of lipid peroxidation in guinea pig than in rat liver compared with the control animals. The intrahepatic reduced glutathione content in control guinea pig was higher than that in rat, but was equally decreased in both species after cobalt administration. The enzymatic scavengers of free radicals, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly decreased in rat liver after acute cobalt loading, and as a compensatory reaction, the heme oxygenase activity was increased (seven-fold). In guinea pig liver, only superoxide dismutase activity was depleted in response to cobalt-induced oxidative stress, while catalase and glutathione peroxidase were highly activated and the heme oxygenase activity was dramatically increased (13-fold). It is assumed that enhanced heme oxygenase activity may have important antioxidant significance by increasing the liver oxidative-stress defense capacity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Tania Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Christova
authors.forename: Dessislava B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Duridanova
authors.forename: Milka S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Setchenska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003035:Cobalt / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000378:metabolism*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013045:Species Specificity; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003035:Cobalt; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione