title: Fast biphasic regulation of type 3 inositol trisphosphate receptors by cytosolic calcium.
abstract: In cytosol-like medium (CLM) with a free [Ca(2+)] of 200 nm, a supramaximal concentration of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) (30 microm) evoked (45)Ca(2+) release from type 3 IP(3) receptors only after a latency of 48 +/- 6 ms; this latency could not be reduced by increasing the IP(3) concentration. In CLM containing a low free [Ca(2+)] ( approximately 4 nm), 300 microm IP(3) evoked (45)Ca(2+) release after a latency of 66 +/- 11 ms; this was reduced to 14 +/- 3 ms when the [Ca(2+)] was 1 mm. Preincubation with CLM containing 100 microm Ca(2+) caused a rapid (half-time = 33 +/- 9 ms), complete, and fully reversible inhibition that could not be overcome by a high concentration of IP(3) (300 microm). Hepatic (type 2) IP(3) receptors were not inhibited by Ca(2+) once they had bound IP(3), but 100 microm Ca(2+) rapidly inhibited type 3 IP(3) receptors whether it was delivered before addition of IP(3) or at any stage during a response to IP(3). Ca(2+) increases the affinity of IP(3) for hepatic receptors by slowing IP(3) dissociation, but Ca(2+) had no effect on IP(3) binding to type 3 receptors. The rate of inhibition of type 3 IP(3) receptors by Ca(2+) was faster than the rate of IP(3) dissociation, and occurred at similar rates whether receptors had bound a high (adenophostin) or low affinity (3-deoxy-3-fluoro-IP(3)) agonist. Dissociation of agonist is not therefore required for Ca(2+) to inhibit type 3 IP(3) receptors. We conclude that type 2 and 3 IP(3) receptors are each biphasically regulated by Ca(2+), but by different mechanisms. For both, IP(3) binding causes a stimulatory Ca(2+)-binding site to be exposed allowing Ca(2+) to bind and open the channel. IP(3) binding protects type 2 receptors from Ca(2+) inhibition, but type 3 receptors are inhibited by Ca(2+) whether or not they have IP(3) bound. Increases in cytosolic [Ca(2+)] will immediately inhibit type 3 receptors, but inhibit type 2 receptors only after IP(3) has dissociated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Swatton
authors.forename: Colin W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; C084782:3-deoxy-3-fluoroinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002118:Calcium