title: [Coronary artery surgery in the first 24 hours after myocardial infarction].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thrombolysis and angioplasty in the first hours after myocardial infarction minimize necrosis, leading to better early and late survival, but these therapies have limited effect in patients with three-vessel disease and cardiogenic shock. Emergency coronary surgery is an alternative treatment in some cases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess perioperative complications, mortality and long-term survival in patients undergoing coronary surgery within 24 h of myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively studied 57 patients undergoing surgery within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction between 1982 and 1998. Multiple vessel disease was present in 31 patients (54%), shock or cardiac arrest in 19 (33%) and coronary angiography complications in 7 (12%). The mean time between onset of symptoms and surgery was 6.32 h. At the beginning of surgery 32 patients (56%) were hemodynamically stable, 15 (26%) were in shock and 10 (17%) were in cardiac arrest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operative mortality was 0% for those who were hemodynamically stable at the start of surgery and 44% (11 of 25 patients) for those in shock or cardiac arrest. Shock or prior cardiac arrest were associated with higher rates of sternal infection and heart failure and longer hospital stays.Follow-up (mean 67 months) was possible for all remaining patients. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 89 and 82%, respectively, for patients who were hemodynamically stable at the time of surgery. Five-year survival was 55%, however, for those who underwent surgery in shock or cardiac arrest. The overall rate of freedom from myocardial infarction, angioplasty or reoperation was over 95% at 5 years and over 85% at 10 years of follow-up. Age and shock or cardiac arrest were risk factors for a poor long-term outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The early and long-term outcome of coronary surgery within 24 h of myocardial infarction is good for patients who are hemodynamically stable when surgery begins. Shock and cardiac arrest are important risk factors for complication and death. Coronary artery bypass grafting is a good treatment option in the first hours after myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, manuelj@med.puc.cl.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villavicencio
authors.forename: Bernardita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Garayar
authors.forename: Manuel José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Irarrázaval
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morán
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zalaquett
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maturana
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corbalán
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors