title: Norepinephrine inhibits glucose-stimulated, Ca2+-independent insulin release independently from its action on adenylyl cyclase.
abstract: Inhibition of insulin release by norepinephrine has been attributed to activation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, inactivation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. However, direct inhibitory action of norepinephrine at a distal site of stimulus-secretion coupling has also been suggested. To obtain more direct evidence for norepinephrine inhibition of insulin release at a distal site, we performed experiments in intact, non-permeabilized beta cells. In rat pancreatic islets, a combination of glucose, phorbol ester and forskolin under stringent Ca2+-free conditions was used as a trigger of insulin exocytosis at a distal site. Norepinephrine inhibited this Ca2+-independent insulin release in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 50 nM. The inhibition was complete, reversible, and pertussis toxin-sensitive, and not associated with any reduction of cAMP content in the islet cells. In conclusion, norepinephrine strongly, yet reversibly, inhibits insulin release in intact beta cells at a late step of exocytosis, through pertussis toxin-sensitive, G protein-mediated mechanism(s).
authors.affiliation: Department of Aging Medicine and Geriatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D051381:Rats; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000378:metabolism; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D007328:Insulin; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D005947:Glucose; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine