Paradoxical cerebrovascular embolism associated with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula: contrast transoesophageal echocardiographic diagnosis.
We report two cases of paradoxical cerebrovascular embolism associated with intrapulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. In both cases the diagnosis was made by the use of contrast transoesophageal echocardiography, which not only detected the fistulas but also localized the arteriovenous fistula to specific pulmonary vascular beds.
Oliveira
G H
GH
Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Seward
J B
JB
Stanson
A W
AW
Swanson
J W
JW
D000328:Adult; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002542:Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging