title: Irradiated carcinoma of the tongue: correlation of MR imaging findings with pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  MR imaging was prospectively correlated with pathologic findings to study whether MR imaging can differentiate viable from nonviable tumor tissue in the irradiated carcinoma of the tongue.
  
  
  METHODS
  MR examinations were performed after radiation therapy in 21 patients with carcinoma of the tongue. All patients underwent either a total glossectomy or hemiglossectomy after radiation therapy. Specimens were examined microscopically. Radiation changes were histologically graded into four groups (I, minimal cellular changes; II, presence of cellular changes and partial destruction of the tumor; III, only nonviable tumor cells; IV, no tumor cells). MR examinations included T2-weighted imaging, unenhanced T1-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On unenhanced T1-weighted images, the lesion was hypointense, except for two patients with histologic grade III. On T2-weighted images, the lesion appeared hyperintense in 12 of 14 patients with viable tumor cells (grades I and II); however, the lesion was hypointense in four, and isointense in two of seven patients with nonviable tumor cells (grades III or IV). Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed that the degree of contrast enhancement of the lesion was equal to or lower than that of a normal salivary gland in 18 of 21 patients. For the time of maximal enhancement of the lesion on dynamic imaging, there was no substantial difference between viable (grades I and II) and nonviable (grades III and IV) tumor tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows that T2-weighted imaging is feasible for differentiating viable from nonviable tumor tissue in irradiated carcinoma of the tongue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Hondo, Akita City, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomura
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watarai
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sageshima
authors.forename: Michinori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokomizo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014059:Tongue / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA