Prospects for vaccine protection against HIV-1 infection and AIDS.
The rapid and devastating spread of the AIDS epidemic in the developing world as well as the difficulties associated with delivering antiretroviral drugs in affected countries underscore the urgent need for the development of a safe and effective AIDS vaccine. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the cellular and humoral immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We then describe vaccine strategies that have been explored and discuss the evidence suggesting that cellular immune responses elicited by novel vaccine modalities may attenuate clinical disease caused by HIV-1.
Letvin
Norman L
NL
Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. nletvin@caregroup.harvard.edu
Barouch
Dan H
DH
Montefiori
David C
DC
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007167:Immunotherapy; D011323:Primates; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies