title: Sources of Salmonella on broiler carcasses during transportation and processing: modes of contamination and methods of control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence and types of salmonella in broiler chickens during transportation and during slaughter and dressing were studied. This was part of a comprehensive investigation of salmonellas in two UK poultry companies, which aimed to find the origins and mechanisms of salmonella contamination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Salmonellas were isolated using cultural methods. Serovars of Salmonella detected during rearing were usually also found in a small proportion of birds on the day of slaughter and on the carcasses at various points during processing. There was little evidence of salmonellas spreading to large numbers of carcasses during processing. Many serovars found in the feedmills or hatcheries were also detected in the birds during rearing and/or slaughter. Transport crates were contaminated with salmonellas after washing and disinfection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of salmonellas fell in the two companies during this survey. A small number of serovars predominated in the processing plants of each company. These serovars originated from the feed mills. Reasons for transport crate contamination were: (1) inadequate cleaning, resulting in residual faecal soiling; (2) disinfectant concentration and temperature of disinfectant too low; (3) contaminated recycled flume water used to soak the crates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efforts to control salmonella infection in broilers need to concentrate on crate cleaning and disinfection and hygiene in the feed mills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Division of Food Animal Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK. janet.corry@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: Janet E L
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Corry
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Breslin
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005511:Food Handling; D005516:Food Microbiology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000382:microbiology*; D014186:Transportation