title: Value of sonomorphological criteria of the endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding: a multivariate analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to examine whether an improvement in the transvaginal sonographic evaluation of the endometrium is possible by the addition of sonomorphological criteria to the measurement of endometrial thickness in women with postmenopausal bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Various sonomorphological criteria were analyzed prospectively in 321 patients with postmenopausal bleeding. In a logistic regression model relevant criteria were selected and a diagnostic formula for differentiation of endometrial sonographic findings was derived.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The criteria of endometrial structure, endometrial-myometrial border and endometrial thickness were significant for the differentiation of malignancy. These results allowed an estimation of the probability of malignancy for each sonographic endometrial finding. Using the cut-off point of 0.1 for the probability of malignancy, the sensitivity and specificity were 96.8% and 61.9%, respectively, with an accuracy of 72.3%. In contrast, the differentiation by endometrial thickness as the sole criterion (cut-off point > or = 5 mm) achieved a sensitivity of 97.9% and a specificity of 33.2%, with an accuracy of 52.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A useful diagnostic formula based on sonomorphological and metric criteria for endometrial differentiation was obtained. The specificity and accuracy increased with a minimal loss of sensitivity. However, estimates for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy may be overoptimistic because they were derived from the same data used for development of the model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Göttingen, Institute for Medical Biometry, Wiesbaden, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Randelzhofer
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Prömpeler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sauerbrei
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madjar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emons
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014621:Vagina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging