title: Selective removal of residual composite from dental enamel surfaces using the third harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conventional methods of residual composite removal after the debonding of orthodontic brackets involve the use of abrasives that damage the underlying enamel. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that 355-nm laser pulses with a pulse width of 10 ns are well suited for the removal of composite through selective laser ablation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The residual composite remaining on the surface of extracted human third molars and bovine incisors was removed using multiple laser pulses from the third harmonic (355-nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is selective ablation of composite from the enamel surface without any discernable damage to the underlying enamel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that 355-nm, 10 ns laser pulses can be used for the selective ablation of dental composite without thermal or mechanical damage to the underlying enamel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth and Development, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fried
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C029012:Composite Dental Resin; D003188:Composite Resins; D011140:Polyurethanes