title: Adrenomedullin, calcitonin gene-related peptide and their receptors: evidence for a decreased placental mRNA content in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The human placenta expresses a variety of vasoactive substances and neuropeptides, which play an important role in the regulation of placental blood flow in both the maternal and foetal compartment and are therefore of critical importance for foetal growth and development. Our study was planned to examine placental mRNA amounts of vasodilatory adrenomedullin (AM), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and their receptors (AM-R and CGRP-R) in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets). These are severe maternal conditions leading to an altered uteroplacental and fetoplacental perfusion and a higher risk for foetal growth retardation, premature delivery, infant mortality, and even maternal death.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 17 patients with preeclampsia, four women with HELLP syndrome and 34 controls. After delivery, the mRNA levels of AM, AM-R, CGRP, CGRP-R, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and -actin were measured in placental villi and chorionic plates using quantitative real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AM/-actin and AM/GAPDH mRNA ratios were significantly lower in placental villi in preeclampsia than in controls (P<0.05) as were CGRP/-actin and CGRP/GAPDH mRNA ratios in chorionic plates (P<0.05). Placental AM-R and CGRP-R mRNA amounts were unaffected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show a reduction of AM and CGRP mRNAs in contrast to unchanged mRNA levels of their receptors in placenta specimens of women with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Knerr
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dachert
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beinder
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metzler
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dötsch
authors.forename: Reinald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Repp
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rascher
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D000328:Adult; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D017359:HELLP Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058265:Receptors, Adrenomedullin; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000235:genetics; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D058265:Receptors, Adrenomedullin; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide