title: Non-linear time series analysis: methods and applications to atrial fibrillation.
abstract: We apply methods from non-linear statistical time series analysis to characterize electrograms of atrial fibrillation. These are based on concepts originating from the theory of non-linear dynamical systems and use the empirical reconstruction density in reconstructed phase space. Application of these methods is not restricted to deterministic chaos but is valid in a general time series context. We illustrate this by applying three recently proposed non-linear time series methods to fibrillation electrograms: 1) a test for time reversibility in atrial electrograms during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients; 2) a test to detect differences in the dynamical behaviour during the pharmacological conversion of sustained atrial fibrillation in instrumented conscious goats; 3) a test for general Granger causality to identify couplings and information transport in the atria during fibrillation. We conclude that a characterization of the dynamics via the reconstruction density offers a useful framework for the non-linear analysis of electrograms of atrial fibrillation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Diks
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Allessie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Degoede
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors