title: Respiratory syncytial virus infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus, one of the most common causes of respiratory infections in immunocompetent individuals, is frequently spread to recipients of HSCT by family members, other patients, and health care workers. In immunosuppressed individuals, progression from upper respiratory tract disease to pneumonia is common, and usually fatal if left untreated. We performed a retrospective analysis of RSV infections in recipients of autologous or allogeneic transplants. The incidence of RSV following allogeneic or autologous HSCT was 5.7% and 1.5%, respectively. Of the 58 patients with an RSV infection, 16 of 21 patients identified within the first post-transplant month, developed pneumonia. Seventy-two percent of patients received aerosolized ribavirin and/or RSV-IGIV, including 23 of 25 patients diagnosed with RSV pneumonia. In this aggressively treated patient population, three patients died of RSV disease, each following an unrelated HSCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casson
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Malak
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boulad
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kiehn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stiles
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ushay
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sepkowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D012254:Ribavirin