title: Visceral childhood leishmaniasis in Turkey.
abstract: Between 1981 and 2001, we retrospectively analysed 40 cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) admitted to the Paediatric Infection Unit of Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital, in the middle Black Sea region of Turkey. Median age at presentation was 3 y. Fever and splenomegaly were found in all patients. Bone marrow smear examination resulted in the diagnosis of VL in 95% of cases. All patients were treated initially with meglumine antimonate and 95% of them were cured with this therapy. The remaining patients were cured with liposomal amphotericin B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VL should be considered in patients with fever and splenomegaly, particularly those residing in the Mediterranean region. Meglumine antimonate seems to be the first choice of treatment in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. mtotan@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Totan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagdemir
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muslu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albayrak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents