title: Two genetic hits (more or less) to cancer.
abstract: Most cancers have many chromosomal abnormalities, both in number and in structure, whereas some show only a single aberration. In the era before molecular biology, cancer researchers, studying both human and animal cancers, proposed that a small number of events was needed for carcinogenesis. Evidence from the recent molecular era also indicates that cancers can arise from small numbers of events that affect common cell birth and death processes.
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA. ag_knudson@fccc.edu
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Knudson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000782:Aneuploidy; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009153:Mutagens / Q000009:adverse effects; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D009857:Oncogenes; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009153:Mutagens