title: High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is effective for nasal and nasal-type CD56+ natural killer cell lymphomas.
abstract: CD56+ natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas occur frequently in the nasal and nasopharyngeal regions and carry a poor prognosis. We have studied seven cases with NK-cell lymphomas. These lymphomas showed the following immunophenotype: CD56+, CD2+, sCD3- and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs)+. Six patients had localized (stage I or II) disease involving the nasopharyngeal region, while one had stage III disease. One patient with stage I disease achieved a complete remission (CR) after treatment with involved-field irradiation, but subsequently relapsed and died. The remaining six patients received combination chemotherapy as primary treatment: five patients with localized stage I or II disease and one patient with advanced stage III disease. Responses to initial chemotherapy were generally poor. These six patients received a variety of salvage chemotherapy regimens, but never achieved a CR. Subsequently, four of six patients showed a highly aggressive clinical course and died of disseminated disease within 1 year from the diagnosis. Three of six patients received high-dose chemotherapy supported by syngeneic, autologous or allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Two of the three transplant patients achieved a CR and are now surviving in continuous CR. Our clinical experience suggests that myeloablative high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow rescue by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be an effective salvage treatment modality for refractory NK-cell lymphomas and could be considered as a part of the initial therapy for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Japan. ktakenaka@clubaa.com
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kozuka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashiba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ishimaru
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016879:Salvage Therapy
chemical_list: D019002:CD56 Antigen