title: Overexpression of c-met as a prognostic indicator for transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a comparison with p53 nuclear accumulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The c-met proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase (Met) and has been shown to play a role in oncogenesis. Given that high titers of hepatocyte growth factor, the specific ligand for Met, are excreted in the urine and tend to reflect disease activity of bladder cancer, we performed this study to examine the clinical significance of Met in human bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the mRNA expression and genomic alteration of c-met in five bladder cancer cell lines. Significance of Met overexpression was then compared with p53 nuclear accumulation (TP53) in primary bladder cancer (n = 142 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of c-met mRNA tended to positively correlate with differentiation of cancer cell lines in the absence of point mutation. High expression of Met was found in seven cases (4.9%), low expression in 32 cases (22.5%), and negative expression in 103 cases (72.5%). Expression of Met was positively associated with histologic grade, stage classification, tumor size, and nodular tumor growth (P <.05, respectively); however, it was not related to TP53 status. Factors that predicted disease progression were tumor stage, Met status, and TP53 accumulation (P <.05, respectively). Indicators for poor long-term survival were invasive cancer, multiple tumors, and Met overexpression (P =.0006,.01, and.04, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The c-met proto-oncogene plays a more important role in the progression of bladder carcinogenesis than p53. Evaluation of Met expression could identify a subset of bladder cancer patients who may require a more intensive treatment strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trink
authors.forename: Tzong-Shin
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Tzai
authors.forename: Hsiao-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shih-Huang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Chung-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sidransky
authors.forename: Nan-Haw
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met