Respiratory problems in advanced cancer.
Respiratory problems are an important issue in the palliative care setting, not only from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view but also from emotion-related aspects involving both the patients and their families and also caregivers. In this paper we consider some of the most common respiratory problems, such as dyspnea, infections, hemoptysis, hiccup. A review of the literature was performed with reference to the frequency, diagnosis and management of the above respiratory problems in patients in advanced and terminal stages of the disease. Particular emphasis was given to the importance of communication with the patients and their families, which is considered a crucial point in the care and the cure of such patients.
Ripamonti
Carla
C
Rehabilitation and Palliative Care Operative Unit, National Cancer Institute of Milan, Italy. ripamonti@istitutotumori.mi.it
Fusco
Flavio
F
D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000209:etiology; D006606:Hiccup / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D010166:Palliative Care; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D019452:Terminally Ill
D009294:Narcotics