title: Depressive symptoms and quality of life in patients with interstitial cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research suggests that patients with interstitial cystitis have poorer quality of life and higher levels of depressive symptoms. However, most studies to date have been limited by the lack of standard measures to describe the experience of living with interstitial cystitis. In addition, to our knowledge no study has used a structured interview to assess depressive symptomatology. We investigated the extent of depressive symptoms and impaired quality of life in a sample of female patients with interstitial cystitis compared with healthy controls. Relationships among physician rated symptom severity, quality of life and depressive symptoms were also examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  At a clinic visit 65 female patients previously diagnosed with interstitial cystitis and 40 age matched, healthy controls completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form), and a structured interview on depressive symptoms (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) with trained interviewers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients reported compromised quality of life compared with healthy controls across various domains, including physical functioning, ability to function in one's normal role and vitality. They also had more severe depressive symptoms on the 2 depression measures. In patients, greater interstitial cystitis severity was associated with greater compromise in physical and social functioning, and mental health but not in other quality of life domains or depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A diagnosis of interstitial cystitis is related to poorer functioning in various life domains. Decrements increase with disease severity.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychology and Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
authors.forename: Nan E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Rothrock
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lutgendorf
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Karl J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kreder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life