title: Influence of proprioceptive input on parkinsonian tremor.
abstract: Previous studies have shown a modification of parkinsonian tremor (PT) by proprioceptive input induced by passive joint movements. The authors investigated the impact of electrically evoked proprioceptive input on PT. In eight patients with PT they recorded surface EMG from the opponens pollicis muscle, and forearm extensors and flexors. Rhythmic electrical stimulation was applied to the ipsilateral median nerve at the wrist using a submaximal stimulus intensity and stimulus frequencies between two stimuli per second and five stimuli per second. The tremor frequency did not adapt to the stimulus frequency. Tremor frequency of parkinsonian resting tremor increased significantly in the directly stimulated opponens pollicis muscle (mean +/- standard deviation, 4.35 +/- 0.64 Hz without stimulation versus 4.53 +/- 0.68 Hz with stimulation; P < 0.05, paired t-test), the not directly stimulated forearm muscles (4.90 +/- 0.72 Hz versus 5.18 +/- 0.73 Hz, P < 0.001), and the upper arm muscles (5.13 +/- 0.61 Hz versus 5.36 +/- 0.68 Hz, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the parkinsonian postural tremor accelerated significantly during ipsilateral median nerve stimulation (5.31 +/- 0.99 Hz versus 5.44 +/- 1.03 Hz, P < 0.05). Parkinsonian resting tremor in the forearm muscles also accelerated significantly during ipsilateral ulnar nerve stimulation (4.85 +/- 0.57 Hz versus 5.05 +/- 0.65 Hz, P < 0.05). Contralateral median nerve stimulation had no significant effect. These results suggest a close interaction between proprioceptive input and PT generation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of the Saarland, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spiegel
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fuss
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krick
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schimrigk
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dillmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000294:innervation; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000502:physiology