Histone deacetylases and cancer: causes and therapies.
Together, histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) determine the acetylation status of histones. This acetylation affects the regulation of gene expression, and inhibitors of HDACs have been found to cause growth arrest, differentiation and/or apoptosis of many tumours cells by altering the transcription of a small number of genes. HDAC inhibitors are proving to be an exciting therapeutic approach to cancer, but how do they exert this effect?
Marks
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Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA. paula_marks@mskcc.org
Rifkind
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Richon
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Breslow
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Miller
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Kelly
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D000107:Acetylation / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002843:Chromatin / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000502:physiology*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002843:Chromatin; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases