title: Redox behavior of cytochrome oxidase and neurological prognosis in 66 patients who underwent thoracic aortic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), we have developed a new approach to the measurement of the redox state of cytochrome oxidase (cyt. ox.) in the brain. Our previous animal study showed that oxygen-dependent redox changes in cyt. ox. occur only when oxygen delivery is badly impaired. Therefore, in this study, we retrospectively examined the relationship between the redox behavior of cyt. ox. (measured by NIRS) during an operation and the neurological outcome in patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 66 patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Cerebral oxygenation was monitored by NIRS, and relative values for the concentrations of oxy-Hb, deoxy-Hb, and the redox state of cyt. ox. in the brain were calculated using our developed algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Retrospective assessment revealed three different types of cyt. ox. behavior: (1) no change (type-A) in 34 cases (51.5%), (2) a temporary reduction, with a subsequent return to the pre-surgery baseline level (type-B) in 29 cases (43.9%), or (3) a marked and prolonged reduction (type-C) in only three cases (4.5%). Nine of the 66 patients (13.6%; one type-A, five type-B, and all three type-C patients) showed evidence of postoperative brain injury (in the type-A patient, the injury proved to be localized and far from the monitoring site). The relationship between the occurrence of such an injury and the type of cyt. ox. behavior seen during the operation was highly significant (P<0.0001; chi-square test for independence).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the redox behavior of cyt. ox. during an operation is a good (though not perfect) predictor of postoperative cerebral outcome, and that overall tissue oxygen sufficiency can be confirmed by near-infrared measurement of cyt. ox.
authors.affiliation: Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Hospital, Japan. kakihama@m3.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakihana
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobo
authors.forename: Sumikazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isowaki
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsuneyoshi
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanmura
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamura
mesh_terms: D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV