Preventing pediatric obesity: assessment and management in the primary care setting.
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature on and discuss the role of the primary care provider in assessing and managing overweight children before they become obese.


METHODS
Selected research, national guidelines and recommendations, and the professional experience of the authors.


CONCLUSIONS
The focus of primary care involves early detection and family interventions that are designed for lifestyle modifications, specifically for improved nutrition and an increase in regular physical activity, to achieve optimal child health. Early identification and management of children who exceed a healthy weight for height, gender, and age will prevent the increasing incidence of pediatric obesity. Early prevention and management of pediatric overweight and obesity will also decrease the potential for associated medical and psychosocial problems.


CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric obesity has risen dramatically in the United States during the last two decades; it is a significant child health problem that is preventable and largely under-diagnosed and under-treated. It is essential to discuss prevention of obesity with parents at every well-child visit; treatment should be initiated when patterns of weight gain exceed established percentiles for increasing height for age and gender.
Nichols
Mary R
MR
Lee's Hill Medical Associate's, Fredericksburg, VA, USA. mrnichols@hsc.vcu.edu
Livingston
Dora
D
D000293:Adolescent; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods*