title: sgk, a primary glucocorticoid-induced gene, facilitates memory consolidation of spatial learning in rats.
abstract: By using differential display PCR, we have identified 98 cDNA fragments from the rat dorsal hippocampus that are expressed differentially between the fast learners and slow learners in the water maze learning task. One of these cDNA fragments encodes the rat serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (sgk) gene. Northern blot analysis revealed that the sgk mRNA level was approximately 4-fold higher in the hippocampus of fast learners than slow learners. In situ hybridization results indicated that sgk mRNA level was increased markedly in CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus of hippocampus in fast learners. Transient transfection of the sgk mutant DNA to the CA1 area impaired, whereas transfection of the sgk wild-type DNA facilitated water maze performance in rats. These results provide direct evidence that enhanced sgk expression facilitates memory consolidation of spatial learning in rats. These results also elucidate the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced memory facilitation in mammals.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kuen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shau K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yun L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wei L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Eminy H Y
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013028:Space Perception / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases