title: Cysteinyl-tRNA formation and prolyl-tRNA synthetase.
abstract: Aminoacyl-tRNA (AA-tRNA) formation is a key step in protein biosynthesis. This reaction is catalyzed with remarkable accuracy by the AA-tRNA synthetases, a family of 20 evolutionarily conserved enzymes. The lack of cysteinyl-tRNA (Cys-tRNA) synthetase in some archaea gave rise to the discovery of the archaeal prolyl-tRNA (Pro-tRNA) synthetase, an enzyme capable of synthesizing Pro-tRNA and Cys-tRNA. Here we review our current knowledge of this fascinating process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208114, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA.
authors.forename: Clarisse
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacquin-Becker
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ahel
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ambrogelly
authors.forename: Benfang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Söll
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stathopoulos
mesh_terms: D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D017017:Methanococcus / Q000201:enzymology; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism*; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D011392:Proline; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; C019975:cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase; D003545:Cysteine