title: Percutaneous vertebroplasty in the management of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: initial experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vertebral compression fractures related to osteoporosis may cause persistent pain which impairs mobility and reduces the quality of life. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a therapeutic interventional radiology procedure which is used in the management of pain relief in such fractures. It involves the injection of bone cement [polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)] into the collapsed vertebrae under radiological guidance. This provides pain relief as well as increases the strength and stability of the vertebra.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16 patients with 17 osteoporotic compression fractures which were treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty over an 18-month period were studied. There were all women with the exception of 1 male patient. Their ages ranged from 61 to 87 years. The fracture sites were at the thoracolumbar junction from T12 to L3 levels. The majority of cases only required a unipedicular injection, with bipedicular injections in 3 cases. All cases were performed in the angiographic suite in the radiology departments, with biplanar fluoroscopy in one hospital. PMMA was injected in a semi-solid state under radiological guidance and screening into the collapsed vertebrae.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases showed good technical success with no mortality or major complications. Only 2 cases had minor complications of cement leakage into the soft tissues of the back and adjacent disc space, respectively. There was sufficient pain relief in all patients and they were well enough to be discharged within 1 to 5 days after the procedure. Patients were followed up to evaluate the degree of long-term pain relief as well as analgesic usage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a new and minimally-invasive modality of treating pain in patients with osteoporotic compression fractures who are refractory to medical therapy. Under adequate imaging guidance, the risks of complications are minimal while the potential benefit to patients and their care-givers are significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433.
authors.forename: I Y Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: P Y T
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: W C G
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Peh
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: T S G
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements