title: Effects of oleic-rich and omega-3-rich diets on serum lipid pattern and lipid oxidation in mildly hypercholesterolemic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate which dietary fat elicits the best response in terms of plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and oxidative processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 4-week run-in period, 14 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects were fed two balanced diets for 6-week periods. During the first intervention period, patients received a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-enriched diet (olive oil diet). During the second period this diet was supplemented by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (n-3 diet).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the olive oil diet, a significant decrease in total serum cholesterol (-8.54%, P<0.01), and in apolipoprotein B (Apo B) (-10.0%, P<0.01) was observed. With the addition of n-3 fatty acids no further significant changes in serum lipid concentrations were found. However, the n-3 diet was followed by an increase in lipoperoxides in isolated native low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (67.23%, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A beneficial effect on the serum lipid pattern was observed with the olive oil-enriched diet. The lack of further beneficial modifications on blood lipids and lipoproteins and the increase in the oxidative susceptibility of LDL observed after the addition of n-3 PUFA to the olive oil diet does not favor the use of this diet in hypercholesterolemic patients if it is not associated with a high intake of antioxidants.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Support Unit, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puiggrós
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chacón
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Armadans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clapés
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Planas
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000178:diet therapy*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D009829:Oleic Acids