title: Dynamic T cell receptor clonotype changes in synovial tissue of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: effects of treatment with cyclosporin A (Neoral).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire changes in synovial membrane over a 16 week period in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and to study the influence of cyclosporin A (CSA) on TCR repertoire in a subgroup of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovial tissue biopsies and paired blood samples were obtained from 12 patients with early RA at 2 time points. Seven patients were treated with CSA (Neoral-Sandimmun, 3 mg/kg/day) and 5 patients with placebo for 16 weeks. TCR V gene repertoires were analyzed by semiquantitative PCR-ELISA. CDR3 spectratyping and sequence analysis was used to compare TCR clonotype distributions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TCR-specific mRNA was detected in all synovial tissue biopsies at the first sampling, but in only 8/12 biopsies 16 weeks later (4/7 CSA group, 4/5 placebo group). Overrepresented TCR BV genes were found in biopsies of 10/12 patients at the first time point, and in 7/12 patients after 16 weeks (3/7 CSA, 4/5 placebo). CDR3 sequence analysis revealed dynamic repertoire changes with only a few persisting clonotypes in the synovial tissue of placebo controls. Persisting T cell clonotypes were more frequently found in the synovial tissue of CSA treated patients compared to the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a dynamic process of T cell recruitment in the joints of RA patients. This process, possibly due to activation and subsequent infiltration of new T cell clones, apparently is influenced by CSA treatment. Synovial tissue T cells were no longer detected after 16 weeks' CSA treatment in 3 patients. In the other CSA treated patients, new T cell clones infiltrated, while other clones were persistently represented in the joints. These data may have important consequences for the design of T cell targeted therapies for RA.
authors.affiliation: Biomedisch Onderzoeksinstituut DWI, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: VanderBorght
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Keyser
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geusens
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Backer
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malaise
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baeten
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van den Bosch
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Veys
authors.forename: Jef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raus
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stinissen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions / Q000235:genetics; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016572:Cyclosporine