title: Transtympanic endoscopy for drug delivery to the inner ear using a new microendoscope.
abstract: Anatomic variations of the round window (RW) niche found in approximately 33% of human temporal bones may account for some ofthe problems associated with local drug delivery to the inner car. A microendoscope with a total outer diameter of 1.2 mm was developed in particular for easy visualization and of drug delivery to the RW niche. It incorporated a thin fiber optic, a working/laser channel (0.3 mm) and an irrigation/suction channel (0.27 mm). When compared to a common 30 degree lens optic, with the microendoscope a greater area of the round window niche could be overseen. In addition, the endoscope could be advanced directly upon the surface of the RW membrane (RWM). The microendoscope may be used for evaluation of the anatomy of the RW niche prior to the placement of local drug delivery systems, for application of drugs directly onto the surface of the RWM or to verify the correct placement of inner ear drug delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tubingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan K R
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Plontke
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Plinkert
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Plinkert
authors.forename: Assen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koitschev
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Zenner
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Löwenheim
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000187:drug effects*; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D012405:Round Window, Ear / Q000187:drug effects; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*