title: A quantitative analysis of sutural contributions to variability in back vertex distance and transmittance in rabbit lenses as a function of development, growth, and age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate specific parameters of lens structure (anterior and posterior suture branch length and planar area) with variability in back vertex distance (BVD) and scatter in rabbit lenses as a function of development, growth, and age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lenses from juvenile (n = 9), adult (n = 9), and aged (n = 10) New Zealand White rabbits were utilized in this study. After sacrifice, lens suture patterns were photographed using a stereo surgical dissecting microscope. Within 5 min of sacrifice, average BVD, variability in BVD, and scatter were assessed with a Scantox In Vitro Assay System. Laser beams were passed incrementally along anterior and posterior suture planes through right eye (oculus dexter, OD) lenses, and between suture planes through left eye (oculus sinister, OS) lenses. After fixation, lens axial dimensions and suture branch lengths were assessed and used to create scaled, 3-dimensional computer assisted drawings (3-D CADs) depicting gross lens shape and sutural changes throughout life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Whereas average BVD only increased significantly as a function of growth, variability in BVD only increased significantly as a function of aging. However, anterior sutures exerted a greater influence on variability of BVD than posterior sutures throughout growth and aging. This difference is consistent with anterior suture branches being longer, or extending farther peripherally, than posterior sutures. Scatter was essentially unchanged between juvenile and adult lenses but significantly increased in aged lenses. Notably, posterior sutures effected a greater age-related increase in scatter than anterior sutures. This difference was consistent with the formation of numerous small, posterior subbranches and subplanes later in life. Structural analysis also suggested that asymmetric age-related lens compaction had occurred, predominantly affecting posterior lens dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lens sutures significantly influence average BVD throughout development and growth, and variability in BVD throughout aging. In addition, even though the rabbit lenses appeared transparent throughout growth and aging, unequal length and area of anterior vs. posterior suture branches and planes respectively, as well as a greater degree of age-related posterior lens compaction, were factors contributing to increased scatter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. jkuszak@rush.edu
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kuszak
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Al-Ghoul
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D007834:Lasers; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery*; D011817:Rabbits; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013537:Sutures