Vascular endothelial growth factor induces IP-10 chemokine expression.
We have previously shown that intracavernous injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) improved the recovery of erectile function in an arteriogenic impotence rat mode. We wished to identify genes that are affected by VEGF treatment in the penis. Specifically we examined the induction of IP-10 chemokine. Male rats were subjected to pudendal arterial ligation or sham operation. They were then treated with intracavernous injection of 4 microg of VEGF in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS alone. At 6 and 24 h after treatment, the erectile tissue was then harvested for RNA isolation. The isolated RNA was used for microarray and RT-PCR analyses. Cultured rat cavernous smooth muscle cells (CSMC) were treated with VEGF and then subjected to RT-PCR analysis. Cultured human CSMC were treated with VEGF and then subjected to ELISA analysis. Microarray analysis detected IP-10 as an abundantly induced message in 6-h VEGF-treated tissues. This was further confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Using cultured rat CSMC, induction of IP-10 mRNA was detectable in 1 and 2 h, but not 24 h, VEGF-treated cells. Induction of IP-10 at the protein level was observed with cultured human CSMC. Secretion of IP-10 into culture medium peaked at 4 h after treatment of human CSMC with 10 ng/ml of VEGF. Optimal VEGF dosage for IP-10 induction was 50 ng/ml when assayed with cells that were treated for 8 h.
Lin
Ching-Shwun
CS
Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-1695, USA. clin@urol.ucsf.edu
Lin
Guiting
G
Chen
Kuo-Chiang
KC
Ho
Hao-Chung
HC
Lue
Tom F
TF
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors