title: Unique features of optical scanning, single fiber endoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To advance the field of minimally invasive medical procedures, an ideal endoscope should provide high-resolution images with variable magnification from an ultra-thin package, while adding depth cues and integrating optical diagnoses and therapies. Satisfying all these requirements is extremely difficult using commercial endoscopes. A new imaging technology is introduced that uses directed laser illumination, which is scanned at the distal end of a flexible endoscope.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-mode optical fiber is driven in vibratory resonance using a piezoelectric actuator. The emitted laser light is scanned in two-dimensions over test specimens. Digital images are constructed by detecting optical power one pixel at a time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unique features of the fiber scanning scope are rapidly changing magnification, enhanced topographic detail, and concurrent fluorescence imaging, which are demonstrated and discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This fiber scanning scope has the potential for pixel-accurate delivery of high quality laser radiation, allowing the future integration of imaging with diagnosis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Human Interface Technology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Seibel
authors.forename: Quinn Y J
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Smithwick
mesh_terms: D019723:Endoscopes / Q000639:trends; D004867:Equipment Design; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D055100:Optical Fibers; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity