title: Toxicity of 40 herbicides to the green alga Chlorella vulgaris.
abstract: The effects on the green alga Chlorella vulgaris of 40 herbicides in 19 different chemical structure classes and with 11 dissimilar modes of action were studied through 96-h acute toxicity tests. Experimental results indicated that the average acute toxicity of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides to C. vulgaris was close to those of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides and the lipid synthesis-inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) inhibitor. Their acute toxicities were higher than those of the microtubule process inhibitor, mitotic process inhibitor, the glutamine synthase inhibitors, and 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase) inhibitors. The acute toxicities of auxin herbicides to C. vulgaris were the lowest among all herbicides tested and that of the photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides was the highest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Resource and Environment, Linan, People's Republic of China (PRC), 311300. miyzjhgy@sina.com
authors.forename: Jianyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ligen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rongquan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Shuihu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Songqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Youjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D002708:Chlorella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical