title: Delayed treatment with nicotinamide (vitamin B3) reduces the infarct volume following focal cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats, diabetic and non-diabetic Fischer 344 rats.
abstract: Since hypertension and/or hyperglycemia are risk factors for stroke, we examined whether the putative neuroprotectant, nicotinamide (NAm), could protect spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) or diabetic Fischer 344 rats against focal cerebral ischemia using a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Intravenous NAm given 2 h after MCAo significantly reduced the infarct volume of SHR (750 mg/kg, 31%, P<0.01) and diabetic (500 mg/kg, 56%, P<0.01) as well as non-diabetic (500 mg/kg, 73%, P<0.01) Fischer 344 rats when compared with saline-injected controls. Thus delayed treatment with NAm protected hypertensive and hyperglycemic rats against a robust model of stroke.
authors.affiliation: Neurophysiology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Yohtaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: Alim P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mitha
authors.forename: Issam A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ogilvy
authors.forename: Kenneth I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Maynard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000502:physiology; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D009536:Niacinamide