[Specific inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2): current knowledge and perspectives].
The Authors summarize the current knowledge on a new class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the coxib (celecoxib and rofecoxib), in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Celecoxib and rofecoxib are selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors which possess the same anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, but a better gastric tolerability compared to the non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. The Authors also report other possible therapeutic effects of these NSADIs as evidenced by the more recent data of the literature. Celecoxib seems to reduce the incidence of new polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. It has been suggested the use of celecoxib as a protective drug against the development of colorectal cancer. Other (neoplastic) or pre-neoplastic conditions, such as bladder dysplasia, Barret esophagus, attinic keratosis and Alzheimer's disease seem to have benefit from this class of drugs.
Rioda
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Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Scienze Biomediche Cattedra di Reumatologia, Università degli Studi di Parma.
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D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000068579:Celecoxib; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011462:Prostaglandins G / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013450:Sulfones
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007783:Lactones; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011462:Prostaglandins G; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C038291:prostaglandin G2; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone