title: Influence of dietary phosphorus deficiency with or without addition of fumaric acid to a diet in pigs on bone parameters.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine if substantial bone loss occurs in weaned pigs by feeding a phosphorus-deficient diet with or without fumaric acid. Eighteen weaned pigs were used. The animals were assigned to three groups: group C (control; 0.65% P on DM basis), group LP (low phosphorus; 0.37% P on DM basis) and group LPF (low phosphorus plus fumaric acid; 0.35% P on DM basis plus 2% fumaric acid). These three diets were fed to the groups for a period of four weeks after a two-week adaptation period. Blood samples were collected once a week. Carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in serum was used as a bone resorption marker. Osteocalcin (OC) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bAP) were used as bone formation markers. Bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) were determined by peripheral quantitative computer tomography. BAP activities significantly increased (24%) in group LPF, and at the last sampling day group LPF had significantly increased activities in comparison to group C. In contrast, ICTP concentrations significantly increased with time in group LP and LPF, and at the last sampling day group LPF had significantly increased activities in comparison to group C. BMD and BMC in femur and tibia significantly decreased in group LP and LPF. The results show that P-deficient diets induce a bone loss. Fumaric acid did not influence the degree of bone loss. With a better understanding of its effect on bone, dietary phosphorus requirements in pigs could be more precisely defined.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Zurich, Switzerland, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland. aliese@vetphys.unizh.ch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liesegang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ursprung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sassi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Risteli
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Riond
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wanner
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001846:Bone Development; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005650:Fumarates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D011347:Procollagen / Q000097:blood; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D005650:Fumarates; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D011347:Procollagen; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D010758:Phosphorus; C032005:fumaric acid; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium