title: On the respiratory function of the ribs.
abstract: To assess the respiratory function of the ribs, we measured the changes in airway opening pressure (Pao) induced by stimulation of the parasternal and external intercostal muscles in anesthetized dogs, first before and then after the bony ribs were removed from both sides of the chest. Stimulating either set of muscles with the rib cage intact elicited a fall in Pao in all animals. After removal of the ribs, however, the fall in Pao produced by the parasternal intercostals was reduced by 60% and the fall produced by the external intercostals was eliminated. The normal outward curvature of the rib cage was also abolished in this condition, and when the curvature was restored by a small inflation, external intercostal stimulation consistently elicited a rise rather than a fall in Pao. These findings thus confirm that the ribs play a critical role in the act of breathing by converting intercostal muscle shortening into lung volume expansion. In addition, they carry the compression that is required to balance the pressure difference across the chest wall.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiorespiratory Physiology, Brussels School of Medicine, Chest Service, Erasme University Hospital, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Troyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004285:Dogs; D007366:Intercostal Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012272:Ribs / Q000502:physiology*