title: Geometrical difference between an ascending aneurysm and a root aneurysm in valve-sparing operations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aortic root geometry of the leaflet size and coaptation in an ascending aortic aneurysm, and in a root aneurysm, may predict the early and late outcomes from valve-sparing surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aortic root was investigated using intraoperative endoscopy before and after valve-sparing root reconstruction. The definition of 'root aneurysm' was marked sinus dilatation proximal to the sinotubular junction. 'Ascending aneurysm' was defined as dominant dilatation distal from the sinotubular junction. Fifteen cases were examined and classified into two groups; Group A with an ascending aneurysm (four patients), and Group R with a root aneurysm (eleven patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cusp prolapse was seen in 10 (90.9%) patients of Group R, and in only one (25%) patient of Group A. The length of the free margin of all cusps in Group R was significantly longer than those in Group A. In Group R, the lengths of the free margin of an individual cusp were significantly different, indicating asymmetric cusps. In Group A, the length of the free margin were similar, indicating symmetric cusps. There was no significant difference in the degree of immediate postoperative aortic insufficiency, between the two groups. At the most recent follow-up, progressive aortic insufficiency was present in two patients of Group R.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A root aneurysm had asymmetric, elongated and prolapsed aortic cusps, while an ascending aneurysm had symmetric cusps without prolapse. The mechanism of aortic insufficiency in a root aneurysm was more complex, suggesting a difficulty in achieving long-term valve competence. Such geometrical difference should be considered in the indication for the surgical technique of valve-sparing operations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-0501, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtsubo
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Kojiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rikitake
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natsuaki
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology*; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period