title: The combination of a heat and moisture exchanger and a Booster: a clinical and bacteriological evaluation over 96 h.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the combination with a new device (Booster ) for active humidification improves the efficacy of a hydrophobic heat and moisture exchanger (HME).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, interventional study in the ICU of a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients requiring controlled mechanical ventilation
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were ventilated with a HME, and a Booster was added for 96 h to the ventilatory circuit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the inspiration phase the following factors were measured: peak and mean airway pressures, maximal (beginning of inspiration), minimal (end of inspiration), and mean values of temperature of inspired gases, and relative and absolute humidity of inspired gases. Microbiological samples were obtained from the Booster, the ventilator side of the HME, and the tracheal secretions on days 1 and 4. Minimal and mean temperatures were increased as soon as the Booster was used and this increase was maintained for 96 h until the Booster was withdrawn. Then the temperature returned to baseline values. Absolute humidity values followed the same course. There was also some indirect evidence of very little, if any, changes in the HME resistance. The ventilatory side of the HMEs remained sterile in each patient, and the Booster was colonized by the same bacteria as those in the tracheal secretions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding the Booster to a hydrophobic HME improved the heat and water preservation of ventilatory gas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care and Trauma Center, Marseilles School of Medicine, Hôpital Nord, 13915 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thomachot
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Viviand
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boyadjiev
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vialet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*