title: Impact of demographic, behavioral, and dental care utilization parameters on tooth color and personal satisfaction.
abstract: A cross-sectional survey across broad age ranges was conducted to evaluate demographic, behavioral, and treatment parameters that impact tooth color and its perception. The sample included 180 US adults and teenagers, with a comparable representation of males and females in 6 different age strata, ranging from 13 to 64 years. Tooth color (L*a*b*) was measured on the maxillary central incisors using a spectrophotometer, and first-person satisfaction with tooth color was assessed using a five-point qualitative scale. Demographic, behavioral, and oral care parameters were modeled using multiple regression analysis. After adjusting for other explanatory variables, age, gender, coffee/tea consumption, and dental care all significantly affected yellowing (b*) and brightness (L*). Dental-visit frequency was the only factor that significantly predicted self-satisfaction with tooth color, explaining just 3% of the overall variability. First-person dissatisfaction with tooth color was common and found in most demographic and behavioral cohorts. Although age contributed to objectively measured tooth discoloration, personal satisfaction with tooth color was age-independent. These results suggest that the need or demand for esthetic dentistry may be broad-based and transcend stereotypical perceptions.
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Odioso
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gibb
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gerlach
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects; D003116:Color; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003729:Dental Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea / Q000009:adverse effects; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea