title: Oxidised mannan-listeriolysin O conjugates induce Th1/Th2 cytokine responses after intranasal immunisation.
abstract: Clearance of infectious organisms does not always require polarised Th1 or Th2 responses and it may be advantageous for both Th1 and Th2 responses to be elicited for effective protection against an invading pathogen. It was the aim of this study to investigate oxidised mannan as a possible Th1/Th2 adjuvant. Oxidised mannan was conjugated to two candidate antigens and delivered intranasally to mice. Immunisation with the oxidised conjugate resulted in significant antigen specific proliferative responses, IL-2, IFN-gamma and IL-4 production when compared to unconjugated controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia. j_stambas@hotmail.com
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stambas
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pietersz
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nagabhushanam
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheers
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D016207:Cytokines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008351:Mannans; C038705:hlyA protein, Listeria monocytogenes