Pharmacology and toxicology of astrocyte-neuron glutamate transport and cycling.
The interaction between astrocytes and neurons is examined from the standpoint of glutamate neurotoxicity. The review details 1. the distribution of glutamate transporters on astrocytes and neurons, provoking a reformulation of the interdependence between these two cell types in removing extracellular glutamate and preventing excitotoxic injury; 2. the potential involvement of aberrant glutamate transporter function in the etiology of neuropathological conditions; 3. the role of astrocyte-neuron interaction in widely divergent aspects of brain energetics; 4. the role of astrocytes in the process of glutamate recycling within the context of anesthetic treatment with pentobarbital and thiopental.
Sonnewald
Ursula
U
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Qu
Hong
H
Aschner
Michael
M
D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013874:Thiopental / Q000494:pharmacology
D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; D018757:GABA Modulators; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D013874:Thiopental