title: Molecular mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis.
abstract: Photocarcinogenesis represents the accumulation of genetic changes as well as immune system modulation, which ultimately lead to the development of skin cancers. The recent advances in molecular and cellular biology have clarified the mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis, including the formation of DNA photoproducts, DNA repair, mutation of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and UV-induced immunosuppression. The understanding and further investigation of photocarcinogenesis is critical to the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies for human skin cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 178, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Honnavara N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Ananthaswamy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004260:DNA Repair; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D019942:Genes, p16; D016158:Genes, p53; D011905:Genes, ras; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015534:Trans-Activators; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF