title: Iron, hepatic stellate cells and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In patients with chronic hepatitis C, hepatic iron concentration correlates with liver fibrosis. However, it is not clear whether this correlation merely reflects the presence of more active disease, or iron exacerbates chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced damage through activation of hepatic stellate cells and regeneration of hepatocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 72 HCV-positive patients, staged according to the Ishak's score system. We measured hepatic iron concentration with spectrophotometry and evaluated the number of hepatic stellate cells (using monoclonal antibody against alpha smooth muscle actin) and proliferating hepatocytes (using monoclonal antibody against Ki67). Iron and ferritin serum levels were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hepatic iron concentration correlated statistically with ferritin serum level (r = 0.59, P < 0.001), with grading (r = 0.47, P < 0.001) and staging (r = 0.51, P < 0.001) scores for chronic hepatitis in the whole group of patients. Hepatic iron concentration correlated positively with stellate cell number (r = 0.55, P = 0.004) and Ki67-positive hepatocyte number (r = 0.36, P = 0.08) in patients with chronic hepatitis C and low grading score (< 3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with chronic hepatitis C and low grading score, hepatic iron could play a role in the activation of hepatic stellate cells and in the progression of fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica Generale, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, A.O. Maggiore della Carità, Corso Massini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy. crigamo@tin.it
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigamonti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andorno
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maduli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pittau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicosia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boldorini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sartori
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron