title: Cirrhosis: spectrum of findings on unenhanced and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging.
abstract: The appearance of the cirrhotic liver on computed tomography can be difficult to evaluate and can frustrate the radiologist distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. Hepatic edema, fibrosis, atrophy, and vascular abnormalities are common in the cirrhotic liver and produce derangements in morphology, attenuation, and perfusion, limiting the accurate characterization of hepatic masses. With the development of fast magnetic resonance (MR) sequences and dynamic postgadolinium-enhanced imaging, most hepatic lesions with uncertain etiology on computed tomography can be accurately characterized on MR imaging. We describe MR imaging techniques useful for imaging cirrhosis and its complications. We also illustrate the spectrum of findings in the cirrhotic liver on dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging, including reticular and confluent fibrosis, fatty infiltration, hemochromatosis, regenerating nodules, dysplastic nodules, hepatocellular carcinoma, and sequela of portal hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus 43230, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Vitellas
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tzalonikou
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Vaswani
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bova
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium