title: Exercise-induced hyperkalemia in hypothyroid dogs.
abstract: We investigated the effect of hypothyroidism in dogs on (1) the Na+-, K+ -ATPase concentration in skeletal muscle, and (2) potassium (K+) homeostasis at rest and during exercise. Prior to and 1 year after induction of hypothyroidism by surgery and subsequent radiothyroidectomy, the Na+-, K+ -ATPase concentrations were quantified in biopsies of sternothyroid muscles of seven Beagle dogs by measuring [3H]ouabain binding capacity. In addition, plasma K+ concentrations were measured at rest and after treadmill exercise in six hypothyroid and seven euthyroid Beagle dogs. During hypothyroidism, the mean Na+ -, K+ -ATPase concentration in muscle biopsies was 41% lower than during euthyroidism. The mean resting plasma K+ value of the hypothyroid dogs was significantly (14%) higher than that of the euthyroid dogs. In the hypothyroid dogs, plasma K+ concentration increased significantly during exercise, whereas there was no rise in the euthyroid dogs. The rise in plasma K+ concentration could not be ascribed to muscle damage, as plasma creatine kinase concentrations remained within reference range. Also renal K+ retention was an unlikely explanation, as plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity rather increased than decreased during exercise. In conclusion, hypothyroid dogs tend to develop hyperkalemia during exercise, which for a large part can be explained by the severe reduction of the Na+ -, K+ -ATPase capacity in the skeletal muscle pool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Schaafsma
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: van Emst
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kooistra
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Verkleij
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rijnberk
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Everts
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology; D010042:Ouabain / Q000378:metabolism; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000032:analysis; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D014316:Tritium; D000450:Aldosterone; D010042:Ouabain; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D012083:Renin; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium