In vitro replication of SIVcpz is suppressed by beta-chemokines and CD8+ T cells but not by natural killer cells of infected chimpanzees.
Unlike humans, chimpanzees are relatively resistant to AIDS after infection with HIV-1 or simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzee (SIVcpz). We hypothesized that resistance to disease progression is associated with efficient suppression of virus replication possibly by beta-chemokines secreted by CD8+ lymphocytes and especially natural killer (NK) cells. In vitro suppression of virus replication can be easily studied in SIVcpz-infected chimpanzees because they produce high infectious virus titers in their peripheral blood. A study was undertaken to assess the sensitivity of SIVcpz to beta-chemokines in vitro and to investigate the role of endogenous beta-chemokines in relation to the in vitro capacity of CD8+ lymphocytes and NK cells of chimpanzees to suppress SIVcpz replication. Our results show that SIVcpz uses CCR5 as a coreceptor to gain cell entry and is sensitive to recombinant beta-chemokines in vitro. Here we report that despite their potent capacity to produce RANTES, NK cells of infected chimpanzees do not suppress SIVcpz replication in vitro, in contrast to CD8+ lymphocytes. We also show that endogenous beta-chemokines are not the predominant factors mediating in vitro suppression.
Ondoa
Pascale
P
Departments of Microbiology and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
Vingerhoets
Johan
J
Vereecken
Chris
C
van der Groen
Guido
G
Heeney
Jonathan L
JL
Kestens
Luc
L
D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019713:Receptors, CCR5