Antioxidant agents have a different expression pattern in muscle fibers of patients with mitochondrial diseases.
Respiratory chain dysfunction leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with following oxidative stress and cellular damage. A histochemical and immunohistochemical study was performed on muscle biopsies from 17 patients with mitochondrial disease [chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF)] to evaluate the expression pattern and location of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in skeletal muscle fibers. Our data showed that: (1) MnSOD, CuZnSOD and GSH are expressed in fibers with respiratory chain deficiency; (2) the antioxidant induction is correlated with the degree of mitochondrial proliferation, but not with clinical phenotype, patients' age, duration of disease, biochemical defects or mitochondrial DNA abnormalities. In addition, we suggest that expression of MnSOD and GSH may be considered an initial, indirect sign of respiratory chain dysfunction because it is observed in the early stages of the disease.
Filosto
Massimiliano
M
Department of Neurological Sciences and Vision, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, p. le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Tonin
Paola
P
Vattemi
Gaetano
G
Spagnolo
Michele
M
Rizzuto
Nicolò
N
Tomelleri
Giuliano
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
D000975:Antioxidants; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione