Recombinant monoclonal antibody technology.
With the development of murine hybridoma technology over a quarter century ago, the ability to produce large quantities of well-characterized monoclonal antibody preparations revolutionized diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. For many applications in transfusion medicine, however, the production of serological reagents in mice has certain biological limitations relating to the difficulty in obtaining murine monoclonal antibodies specific for many human blood group antigens. Furthermore, for therapeutic purposes, the efficacy of murine-derived immunoglobulin preparations is limited by the induction of anti-mouse immune responses. Technical difficulties inherent in human hybridoma formation have led to novel molecular approaches that facilitate the isolation and production of human antibodies without the need for B-cell transformation, tissue culture, or even immunized individuals. These technologies, referred to as 'repertoire cloning' or 'Fab/phage display', involve the rapid cloning of immunoglobulin gene segments to create immune libraries from which antibodies with desired specificities can be selected. The use of such recombinant methods in transfusion medicine is anticipated to play an important role in the development and production of renewable supplies of low-cost reagents for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Siegel
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Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Room 510 Stellar-Chance Building, 422 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. siegeld@mail.med.upenn.edu
D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017104:Bacteriophage M13 / Q000235:genetics; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D005544:Forecasting; D015723:Gene Library; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000276:immunology; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012203:Rh Isoimmunization / Q000628:therapy; D018029:Rho(D) Immune Globulin
D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007518:Isoantibodies; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C061961:RHO(D) antibody; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D018029:Rho(D) Immune Globulin; C025668:coat protein, Bacteriophage M13