title: Distribution of gamma-glutamyl-beta-alanylhistidine isopeptide in the macromolecular fractions of commercial meat extracts and correlation with the color of the macromolecular fractions.
abstract: The measurement of gamma-glutamyl-beta-alanylhistidine isopeptide in the macromolecular fraction of various commercial meat extracts indicated that all of the commercial meat extracts tested contained the isopeptide, in concentrations ranging from 0.04 to 0.87 micromol/g of dry matter. This variation was suggested to be due to the differences between the processes of extraction and the differences in the initial amounts of carnosine. A positive correlation between the content of gamma-glutamyl-beta-alanylhistidine and the color of the macromolecular fraction was observed. These results suggested that gamma-glutamyl-beta-alanylhistidine is widely distributed in meat products and that the content can be used as an index of protein denaturation during the heating process.
authors.affiliation: Seasoning Research and Development Department, Ajinomoto Company, Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan. motonaka_kuroda@ajinomoto.com
authors.forename: Motonaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002336:Carnosine / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D003116:Color; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000032:analysis*; D011202:Poultry Products / Q000032:analysis; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009842:Oligopeptides; C454280:glutamyl-alanylhistidine; D002336:Carnosine