title: Gonadal hormone-induced changes in adult male and female rats exposed to early postnatal handling are not altered by prenatal morphine exposure.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of early postnatal handling in several gonadal hormone conditions in adult male and female rats exposed prenatally to morphine or saline. An open-field apparatus was used to test locomotor activities such as line crossing, rearing, grooming, and anxiety-like behaviors such as visiting squares alongside the walls of the open field and boli dropping. Postnatal handling increased locomotor activities in gonadally intact males and in all groups of hormone-manipulated females, but did not change them in gonadectomized (GNX) males. Additionally, there was a decrease in anxiety-like behavior in ovariectomized (OVX) females after estradiol benzoate (EB) or EB and progesterone (P) replacement due to handling. Handling did not affect anxiety-like behaviors in OVX females or in GNX or gonadally intact males. Prenatal morphine exposure did not alter any open-field measures in handled or nonhandled animals when compared to saline controls. Thus, the present study demonstrates that early postnatal handling induces long-lasting changes in locomotor and anxiety-like behaviors of adult male and female rats regardless of their prenatal exposure to morphine. These changes are gonadal hormone specific.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Ull. 111, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Romana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slamberová
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vathy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001007:Anxiety / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006066:Gonads / Q000378:metabolism*; D006234:Handling, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D009020:Morphine