title: Tenderization of hot-boned broiler breast meat by clamping during chilling.
abstract: Hot-boned broiler breast fillets were tightly clamped between rigid aluminum plates during chilling to determine whether tenderness is increased if breast fillets are not allowed to shorten during rigor. In two experiments, 6-wk-old broilers were processed in a pilot plant. Approximately 5 min after evisceration, the breast fillets (pectoralis major) were deboned, and each fillet was subjected to one of two treatments while chilling for 2 h in ice slush. Fillets were placed in perforated plastic bags (hot-boned control) or clamped between rigid aluminum plates that compressed the meat to a uniform thickness of 7.2 mm during chilling. In Experiment 2, chilling time in ice slush was 1 h, and a third treatment was added to make an incomplete block design in which one breast half was left intact on the carcass and was deboned immediately after chilling. All breast fillets were sealed in plastic bags after the chilling period, held overnight at 4 C, and then cooked at 85 C for 30 min in a steam kettle. In Experiment 1, clamping for 2 h reduced Warner-Bratzler shear values of hot-boned fillets from 11.4 to 2.7 kg. In Experiment 2, shear values for the treatments were 13.0, 9.2, and 5.1 kg for the hot-boned, cold-boned, and hot-boned clamped treatments, respectively, with significantly lower shear values for the clamped fillets. Clamped fillets were significantly thinner than the control fillets in both experiments. Cooked yield as a percentage of postchill weight was significantly higher for the clamped compared to the hot-boned control pieces, 81.1 versus 77.3%, with cold-boned pieces being intermediate and not different from the other treatments. Shear values were reduced, and cooked yield was increased by clamping hot-boned fillets during chilling.
authors.affiliation: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Russell Research Center, Poultry Processing and Meat Quality Research Unit, Athens, Georgia 30604-5677, USA. jcason@saa.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cason
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dickens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003296:Cooking; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007053:Ice; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000592:standards*; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D012298:Rigor Mortis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D007053:Ice