title: Direct identification and susceptibility testing of enteric bacilli from positive blood cultures using VITEK (GNI+/GNS-GA).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the possibility of reporting results of identification and susceptibility testing of Gram-negative bacilli the same day as bacteremia is detected by using direct inoculation from positive blood cultures (Bactec 9240) into VITEK GNI+ and GNS-GA cards.
  
  
  METHODS
  All blood cultures with Gram-negative enteric bacillus-like morphology on microscopy found to be positive on workdays between 15 June 1999 and 29 February 2000 were included. Identification and susceptibility testing were done by three methods: the direct method using a suspension made by differential centrifugation of positive blood culture broth for inoculation of the VITEK cards; the standard method using an inoculum made from an overnight culture on a solid media; and the routine method (reference method) using conventional testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 169 isolates, the direct method resulted in 75% correct identifications, 9% misidentifications and 17% non-identifications. All misidentified isolates were Escherichia coli, of which 80% were reported as Salmonella arizonae. Five biochemical tests yielded most of the aberrant results; correcting the citrate and malonate reactions in most cases led to correct identification by the VITEK database. Despite a negative H2S reaction, 11 E. coli isolates were reported as S. arizonae. Two-thirds (69%) of identifications were reported within 6 h, and 95% of these were correct. The direct susceptibility testing method was assessable for 140 isolates. Correct results were found in 99% of isolate-antimicrobial combinations, and 85% were reported within 6 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The direct VITEK method could correctly report identifications and susceptibility patterns within 6 h, making same-day reporting possible for almost two-thirds (63%) of bacteremic episodes with Gram-negative bacilli. These results could probably be improved by modification of the identification algorithms of the VITEK software.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nørskov-Lauritsen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skov
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bruun
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012476:Salmonella arizonae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012984:Software