title: Proanthocyanidin glycosides and related polyphenols from cacao liquor and their antioxidant effects.
abstract: Purification of polar fractions from cacao liquor extracts gave 17 phenolics including four new compounds. The new compounds were characterized as a C-glycosidic flavan, an O-glycoside of a dimeric and two O-glycosides of trimeric A-linked proanthocyanidins, on the basis of spectroscopic data. Isolated polyphenols showed inhibitory effects on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent lipid peroxidation in microsomes and on the autoxidation of linoleic acid. These effects were attributed to the radical-scavenging activity in the peroxidation chain reactions, based on the findings that the cacao polyphenols effectively scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, 700, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natsume
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osakabe
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002099:Cacao / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011108:Polymers; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin; D019787:Linoleic Acid