title: An association between mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis and human leukocyte antigens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) is one of the medically intractable epilepsies that may be remediable with surgery. Although the pathogenesis of HS still remains obscure, genetics may play a role as a predisposing factor, with the genetically controlled immune system as one of its aspects. Our aim in this study was to investigate whether there is any association between human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) that are related to chromosome 6 and this specific type of epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  HLA class I and II typing were performed with the microlymphocytotoxicity method on 65 Turkish patients with MTLE-HS and on 184 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study revealed a significantly high frequency of class II antigens HLA-DQ2, -DR4, and -DR7 alleles and the combination of HLA-DR4-DQ2, and DR7-DQ2 alleles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HLA alleles that occur with increased frequency in many HLA- associated conditions appear to serve as risk factors that increase susceptibility but are not essential for disease expression. Our data support the role of genetic factors in the development of HS, possibly related to early childhood events that may act as a trigger factor to initiate the cascade in genetically prone patients with specific HLA types to give rise to MTLE eventually.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Istanbul, Turkey. cigdemoz@anet.net.tr
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozkara
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altintas
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Esat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eskazan
authors.forename: Gökhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erkol
authors.forename: Emin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozyurt
authors.forename: Ergun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdogan
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuday
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002648:Child; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D015809:HLA-DR7 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012598:Sclerosis
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; C053186:HLA-DQ2 antigen; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D015809:HLA-DR7 Antigen