title: The effects of periodontal therapy on intracrevicular prostaglandin E2 concentrations and clinical parameters in pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increase in circulating levels of progesterone during pregnancy stimulates production of prostaglandins, especially prostaglandin E2, possibly resulting in pregnancy gingivitis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of prostaglandin E2 concentrations on gingival tissues in pregnancy and to assess its relationship to clinical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study evaluates the effects of periodontal treatment on clinical indices including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and gingival crevicular fluid prostaglandin E2 levels of 22 pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters. Initial periodontal therapy consisting of scaling, root planing, and oral hygiene instruction was performed at the beginning of the first trimester and repeated each trimester. Prostaglandin E2 concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid were determined using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit. The statistical tests used were paired sample test and correlation analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the study show that periodontal therapy has resulted in an improvement in clinical parameters (P<0.05). There is also a statistically significant decrease in levels of prostaglandin E2 at the second and third trimesters following periodontal therapy (P <0.001). The correlation between prostaglandin E2 concentrations and clinical parameters is found to be non-significant (P >0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that levels of prostaglandin E2 in gingival crevicular fluid may be used as a marker of gingival inflammation in order to determine the effects of periodontal therapy in pregnancy. Periodontal therapy that is performed throughout the entire pregnancy period may help prevent the threat of pregnancy gingivitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Turkey. syalcin@turk.net
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Cansu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basegmez
authors.forename: Gulden
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Isik
authors.forename: Lacin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berber
authors.forename: Esti
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eskinazi
authors.forename: Mahtaban
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soydinc
authors.forename: Halim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Issever
authors.forename: Utku
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Onan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D005888:Gingival Pocket / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis*; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters; D016745:Root Planing; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015232:Dinoprostone