title: Advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques for patients with hemifacial spasm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the underlying causes, diagnostic issues, and treatment of hemifacial spasm, with emphasis on advanced MRI techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brief technical note.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo and/or gradient echo imaging of the posterior fossa should be performed with the use of intravenous gadolinium for maximum contrast between CSF, vessel, and nerve. Magnetic resonance angiography is often useful, and new state-of-the-art sequences provide more detail.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As MRI techniques improve, diagnosis and treatment of patients with hemifacial spasm will become easier. Ophthalmologists should be aware of these new magnetic resonance techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. port.john@mayo.edu
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Port
mesh_terms: D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*