title: A retrospective study (1994-1999) of 441 ITI(r) implants in 114 patients followed-up during an average of 2.3 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Implantation is a common practice in the oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients, affording good results in extensive patient series. The aim was to determine the average success rate and analyze the causes of implant failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present retrospective study (1994-1999) a total of 441 ITI(r) implants were performed in 114 patients (58 females (51%) and 56 males (49%) aged 44.5 years on average; range 12-82 years), with a mean follow-up of 2.3   1.3 years. Data recorded included patient age and sex, smoking habit, oral hygiene, the number, length, diameter and type of implants, their location and the prostheses fitted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2.3   1.3 years of follow-up, the implant success rate was 96.2%. In 7 patients a total of 15 implants failed during the osseointegration period, while in two patients a total of two implants failed following dentures placement. The failures were mainly attributed to over-drilling during the surgical procedure, or to an overloading upon tightening in the osseointegration period. No significant relation was observed between implant loss and the rest of the clinical parameters studied, with the sole exception of implant length (failure increasing with shorter lengths)(chi-square; p = 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cirugia Bucal. Clinica Odontologica Universitaria. c/ Gasco Oliag n 1. 46010 Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penarrocha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guarinos
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sanchis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balaguer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants