Endogenous anti-inflammatory response after coronary injury in a porcine model.
BACKGROUND
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)/adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)/cortisol is the major anti-inflammatory system. After percutaneous translumenal angioplasty, an inflammatory process is triggered. We investigate whether CRH/ACTH/cortisol axis is activated after deep vessel wall injury (DVWI).


METHODS
Plasma and leukocyte CRH and ACTH, serum cortisol and IL-1beta, and leukocyte cAMP were measured (ELISA) in 16 pigs after anaesthesia (baseline), 60 min into anaesthesia without causing vascular injury and 90 min after DVWI of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery induced by percutaneous directional atherectomy (Atherocath GTO 7F; DVI, Inc., Temecula, USA). Biochemical variables were also measured at baseline, 60 and 180 min into anaesthesia in six additional pigs without coronary intervention.


RESULTS
MANOVA showed that CRH/ACTH/Cortisol, cAMP and IL-1beta production was not modified during anaesthesia. Post-DVWI plasma CRH (0.077 +/- 0.046 ng mL-1), and cellular cAMP (0.14 +/- 0.067 pmol 10(-6) cells) increased significantly (P = 0.001) with respect to their baseline values (CRH = 0.036 +/- 0.013 ng mL-1; cAMP = 0.081 +/- 0.034 pmol 10-6). There was also a statistically significant increase (P = 0.02) in post-DVWI IL-1beta (from 46.6 +/- 12.8 to 64.05 +/- 13.5 pg mL-1), and in serum cortisol (P = 0.05) compared to its baseline values (8.98 +/- 3.2 microgr dL-1 vs. 6.57 +/- 2.3 microgr dL-1, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
In our experimental model, coronary vessel wall injury-activated CRH/ACTH/cortisol axis caused a significant increase in plasma CRH, cortisol and cellular cAMP levels, which may influence the response of coronary arteries to injury.
Fantidis
P
P
Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Servicio de Cardiología Intervencionista, Prof. Martin Lagos SN, 28040 Madrid, Spain. pfantidis@hcsc.insalud.es
Pérez De Prada
T
T
Fernández-Ortiz
A
A
Sanmartín
M
M
Alfonso
F
F
Hernández
R
R
Escaned
J
J
Bañuelos
C
C
Sabaté
M
M
Macaya
C
C
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine
D007375:Interleukin-1; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006854:Hydrocortisone