Programming off and on states in chromatin: mechanisms of Polycomb and trithorax group complexes.
Polycomb and trithorax group proteins are evolutionarily conserved chromatin components that maintain stable states of gene expression. Recent studies have identified and characterized several multiprotein complexes containing these transcriptional regulators. Advances in understanding molecular activities of these complexes in vitro, and functional domains present in their subunits, suggest that they control transcription through multistep mechanisms that involve nucleosome modification, chromatin remodeling, and interaction with general transcription factors.
Simon
Jeffrey A
JA
Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 321 Church St., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. simon@biosci.cbs.umn.edu
Tamkun
John W
JW
D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000502:physiology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D022041:Euchromatin / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000502:physiology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D014157:Transcription Factors
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D022041:Euchromatin; D006570:Heterochromatin; D019476:Insect Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; C066770:Pc protein, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors; C063460:Trl protein, Drosophila; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1