title: Midline nasal and hard palate destruction in cocaine abusers and cocaine's role in rhinologic practice.
abstract: Intranasal cocaine abuse can lead to destruction of the palate and perforation of the nasal septum. The pathophysiology of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions is multifactorial and includes local ischemia secondary to vasoconstriction, chemical irritation from adulterants put in "cut" cocaine, and infection secondary to trauma, impaired mucociliary transport, and decreased humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Cocaine abuse should be suspected in patients with a palatal or septal perforation of unknown etiology.
authors.affiliation: Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kacker
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Anand
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000187:drug effects; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine