title: Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in celiac disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Celiac disease is one of the most common lifelong disorders. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a possible complication of celiac disease and may lead to a large portion of lymphoma cases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the risk for developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma of any primary site associated with celiac disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter, case-control study conducted between January 1996 and December 1999 throughout Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases were older than 20 years (median, 57; range, 20-92 years) with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of any primary site and histological type and were recruited at the time of the diagnosis. Controls were healthy adults (2739 men and 2981 women) from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Positive test result for class A serum antiendomysial antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Celiac disease was diagnosed in 6 (0.92%) of 653 patients with lymphoma. Of the 6 cases, 3 were of B-cell and 3 were of T-cell origin. Four of 6 cases had lymphoma primarily located in the gut. In the control group, 24 (0.42%) had celiac disease. The odds ratio (adjusted for age and sex) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma of any primary site associated with celiac disease was 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-7.6), 16.9 (95% CI, 7.4-38.7) for gut lymphoma, and 19.2 (95% CI, 7.9-46.6) for T-cell lymphoma, respectively. The risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma for the overall population, which was adjusted for age and sex, was 0.63% (95% CI, - 0.12% to 1.37%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Celiac disease is associated with an increased risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, especially of T-cell type and primarily localized in the gut. However, the association does not represent a great enough risk to justify early mass screening for celiac disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 22 S Greene St, N5W70/Box 140, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. catassi@tin.it
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catassi
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fabiani
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corrao
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbato
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Renzo
authors.forename: Angelo M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Carella
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gabrielli
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leoni
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carroccio
authors.forename: Mariella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baldassarre
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertolani
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caramaschi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sozzi
authors.forename: Graziella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guariso
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Volta
authors.forename: Gino R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Corazza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors