title: General and specific traits of personality and their relation to sleep and academic performance.
abstract: Few studies have examined the links between personality variables and sleep and their combined effect on specific real-world outcomes. Participants in this study completed numerous personality, sleep, and performance measures; we examined the associations among these measures. Personality was assessed using the Five-Factor Model. The personality trait of Conscientiousness (especially its facet of Achievement Striving) was a substantial predictor of academic performance. Analyses of the sleep variables revealed three distinct constructs: quantity, quality, and schedule. Sleep quantity showed few interesting correlates. In contrast, sleep quality was associated with greater well-being and improved psychological functioning, whereas sleep schedule (i.e., average rising and retiring times) was significantly related to Conscientiousness, such that conscientious individuals maintain earlier schedules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA. elizabeth-gray@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003242:Conscience; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012890:Sleep