title: Directed biopsy during contrast-enhanced sonography of the prostate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the value of directed biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer during contrast-enhanced endorectal sonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients were evaluated with harmonic gray-scale sonography. The evaluation was performed before administration of contrast agent, during continuous IV infusion of perflutren lipid microspheres, and again during bolus administration of the microspheres. Sextant biopsy sites were scored prospectively on a six-point scale for suggestion of malignancy at baseline during contrast infusion and after bolus administration. An additional directed core was obtained at 20 of the sextant biopsy sites based on contrast-enhanced imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cancer was identified in 30 biopsy sites in 16 of the patients (40%). A suspicious site identified during contrast-enhanced transrectal sonography was 3.5 times more likely to have positive biopsy findings at than an adjacent site that was not suggestive of malignancy (p < 0.025). When a suspicious site was evaluated with an additional biopsy core, the site was five times more likely to have a biopsy with positive findings than a standard sextant site (p < 0.01). We found no difference in diagnostic accuracy between continuous infusion of contrast material and bolus administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contrast-enhanced transrectal sonography improves the sonographic detection of malignant foci in the prostate. The performance of multiple biopsies of suspicious enhancing foci significantly improves the detection of cancer. There is no advantage to additional examination of the gland after bolus administration of contrast material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Jefferson Prostate Diagnostic Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S. 10th St., Philadelphia, PA 19107-5244, USA.
authors.forename: Ethan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frauscher
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Leonard G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Gomella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C042852:perflutren