title: Role of the carboxyl terminal of connexin43 in transjunctional fast voltage gating.
abstract: Previous studies show that chemical regulation of connexin43 (Cx43) gap junction channels depends on the integrity of the carboxyl terminal (CT) domain. Experiments using Xenopus oocytes show that truncation of the CT domain alters the time course for current inactivation; however, correlation with the behavior of single Cx43 channels has been lacking. Furthermore, whereas chemical gating is associated with a "ball-and-chain" mechanism, there is no evidence whether transjunctional voltage regulation for Cx43 follows a similar model. We provide data on the properties of transjunctional currents from voltage-clamped pairs of mammalian tumor cells expressing either wild-type Cx43 or a mutant of Cx43 lacking the carboxyl terminal domain (Cx43M257). Cx43 transjunctional currents showed bi-exponential decay and a residual steady-state conductance of approximately 35% maximum. Transjunctional currents recorded from Cx43M257 channels displayed a single, slower exponential decay. Long transjunctional voltage pulses caused virtual disappearance of the residual current at steady state. Single channel data revealed disappearance of the residual state, increase in the mean open time, and slowing of the transition times between open and closed states. Coexpression of CxM257 with Cx43CT in a separate fragment restored the lower conductance state. We propose that Cx43CT is an effector of fast voltage gating. Truncation of Cx43CT limits channel transitions to those occurring across the higher energy barrier that separates open and closed states. We further propose that a ball-and-chain interaction provides the fast component of voltage-dependent gating between CT domain and a receptor affiliated with the pore.
authors.affiliation: Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA. amoreno@iupui.edu
authors.forename: Alonso P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chanson
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elenes
authors.forename: Justus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anumonwo
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Scerri
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Taffet
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delmar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000502:physiology*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011930:Reaction Time; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D018031:Connexin 43