title: Clinical significance of pleural effusion in acute aortic dissection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the clinical significance of pleural effusion in the clinical course of acute aortic dissection (AAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical series.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five patients strongly suspected of having AAD because of severe chest or back pain. Patients with obvious ischemic heart disease, lung disease, and pleural disease were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  An additional diagnosis of pleural effusion was made when evident by CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pleural effusion was detected in 42 of 48 patients (88%) with AAD (mean plus minus SD age, 65 plus minus 12 years; 35 men and 13 women), but in only 1 of 7 patients (14%) who proved not to have AAD (mean age, 74 +/- 10 years; 6 men and 1 woman). Effusion appeared at a mean of 4.5 days after onset of dissection. Thoracentesis performed in six patients showed a bloody effusion in three patients and an exudative effusion in three patients. In the six AAD patients without pleural effusion, four patients underwent surgery within 3 days after onset of dissection. In patients with AAD, effusion was demonstrated on the first CT after hospital admission in 18 patients, and was bilateral in 32 patients. WBC count in blood, serum C-reactive protein concentration, and body temperature were higher in patients with effusion (13,400 +/- 3,600/microL, 18.4 +/- 11.5 mg/dL, and 38.2 +/- 0.7 degrees C) than in those without effusion (10,300 +/- 2,900/microL, 4.5 +/- 4.2 mg/dL, and 37.0 +/- 1.0 degrees C, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pleural effusion occurs frequently in patients with AAD, often in association with inflammatory reactions.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba, Japan. hatan@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Noritake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Takurou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinada
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000150:complications*; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies