title: Carcinoembryonic antigen family receptor recognition by gonococcal Opa proteins requires distinct combinations of hypervariable Opa protein domains.
abstract: Neisserial Opa proteins function as a family of adhesins that bind heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) or carcinoembryonic antigen family (CEACAM) receptors on human host cells. In order to define the CEACAM binding domain on Opa proteins, we tested the binding properties of a series of gonococcal (strain MS11) recombinants producing mutant and chimeric Opa proteins with alterations in one or more of the four surface-exposed loops. Mutagenesis demonstrated that the semivariable domain, present in the first loop, was completely dispensable for CEACAM binding. In contrast, the two hypervariable (HV) regions present in the second and third loops were essential for binding; deletion of either domain resulted in loss of receptor recognition. Deletion of the fourth loop resulted in a severe decrease in Opa expression at the cell surface and could therefore not be tested for CEACAM binding. Chimeric Opa variants, containing combinations of HV regions derived from different CEACAM binding Opa proteins, lost most of their receptor binding activity. Some chimeric variants gained HSPG binding activity. Together, our results indicate that full recognition of CEACAM receptors by Opa proteins requires a highly coordinate interplay between both HV regions. Furthermore, shuffling of HV regions may result in novel HSPG receptor binding activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA. M.P.Bos@bio.uu.nl
authors.forename: Martine P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: Christopher C R
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Belland
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001665:Binding Sites; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D006367:HeLa Cells; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C069847:CD66 antigens; C075729:CEACAM3 protein, human; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C050308:opacity proteins