title: Effects of sanguiin H-6, a component of Sanguisorbae Radix, on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production.
abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sanguiin H-6, a component of Sanguisorbae Radix, on the production of nitric oxide (NO), using macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Sanguiin H-6 inhibited nitrite production, taken as an index for NO, in a concentration-dependent fashion. This compound decreased inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity, with the inhibitory effect at a concentration of 25 microM being equal to that of the known iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine at 50 microM. However, unlike aminoguanidine, sanguiin H-6 was associated with improved cell viability. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the expression of iNOS mRNA in activated macrophages was suppressed by sanguiin H-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, sanguiin H-6 even at a low concentration showed a clear scavenging effect on the NO generated from sodium nitroprusside (an NO donor). These findings indicate that not only does sanguiin H-6 act directly as an NO scavenger, but it also inhibits NO production in LPS-activated macrophages by the concomitant inhibition of iNOS mRNA induction and enzyme activity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194, Toyama, Japan. yokozawa@ms.toyama-mpu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokozawa
authors.forename: Cui Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013634:Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009566:Nitrates; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013634:Tannins; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C081844:sanguiin H 6; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse