title: Bilateral human fetal striatal transplantation in Huntington's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transplanted striatal cells have been demonstrated to survive, grow, establish afferent and efferent connections, and improve behavioral signs in animal models of Huntington's disease (HD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate feasibility and safety and to provide preliminary information regarding the efficacy of bilateral human fetal striatal transplantation in HD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven symptomatic patients with genetically confirmed HD underwent bilateral stereotactic transplantation of two to eight fetal striata per side in two staged procedures. Tissue was dissected from the lateral half of the lateral ventricular eminence of donors 8 to 9 weeks postconception. Subjects received cyclosporine for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three subjects developed subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) and two required surgical drainage. One subject died 18 months after surgery from probable cardiac arrhythmia secondary to severe atherosclerotic cardiac disease. Autopsy demonstrated clearly demarcated grafts of typical developing striatal morphology, with host-derived dopaminergic fibers extending into the grafts and no evidence of immune rejection. Other adverse events were generally mild and transient. Mean Unified HD Rating Scale (UHDRS) motor scores were 32.9 plus minus 6.2 at baseline and 29.7 plus minus 7.5 12 months after surgery (p = 0.24). Post-hoc analysis, excluding one subject who experienced cognitive and motor deterioration after the development of symptomatic bilateral SDHs, found that UHDRS motor scores were 33.8 plus minus 6.2 at baseline and 27.5 plus minus 5.2 at 12 months (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transplantation of human fetal striatal cells is feasible and survival of transplanted cells was demonstrated. Patients with moderately advanced HD are at risk for SDH after transplantation surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33606, USA. rhauser@hsc.usf.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cimino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Nauert
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soety
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sossi
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sanberg
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stoessl
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016380:Brain Tissue Transplantation; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000196:embryology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome