title: Thymocyte depletion in Trypanosoma cruzi infection is mediated by trans-sialidase-induced apoptosis on nurse cells complex.
abstract: Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, induces transient thymic aplasia early after infection-a phenomenon that still lacks a molecular explanation. The parasite sheds an enzyme known as trans-sialidase (TS), which is able to direct transfer-sialyl residues among macromolecules. Because cell-surface sialylation is known to play a central role in the immune system, we tested whether the bloodstream-borne TS is responsible for the thymic alterations recorded during infection. We found that recombinant TS administered to naive mice was able to induce cell-count reduction mediated by apoptosis, mimicking cell subsets distribution and histologic findings observed during the acute phase of the infection. Thymocytes taken after TS treatment showed low response to Con A, although full ability to respond to IL-2 or IL-2 plus Con A was conserved, which resembles findings from infected animals. Alterations were found to revert several days after TS treatment. The administration of TS-neutralizing Abs to T. cruzi-infected mice prevented thymus alterations. Results indicate that the primary target for the TS-induced apoptosis is the so-called "nurse cell complex". Therefore, we report here supporting evidence that TS is the virulence factor from T. cruzi responsible for the thymic alterations via apoptosis induction on the nurse cell complex, and that TS-neutralizing Abs elicitation during infection is associated with the reversion to thymic normal parameters.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martin, Predio INTI Edificio 24, Avenida Gral Paz y Albarellos, 1650 San Martin, 1650 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mucci
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mocetti
authors.forename: Pablo F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Argibay
authors.forename: M Susana
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Leguizamon
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Campetella
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis; D002452:Cell Count; D002455:Cell Division; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D003208:Concanavalin A; C069715:trans-sialidase; D009439:Neuraminidase