title: KNAT1 and ERECTA regulate inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Plant architecture is dictated by morphogenetic factors that specify the number and symmetry of lateral organs as well as their positions relative to the primary axis. Mutants defective in the patterning of leaves and floral organs have provided new insights on the signaling pathways involved, but there is comparatively little information regarding aspects of the patterning of stems, which play a dominant role in architecture. To this end, we have characterized five alleles of the brevipedicellus mutant of Arabidopsis, which exhibits reduced internode and pedicel lengths, bends at nodes, and downward-oriented flowers and siliques. Bends in stems correlate with a loss of chlorenchyma tissue at the node adjacent to lateral organs and in the abaxial regions of pedicels. A stripe of achlorophyllous tissue extends basipetally from each node and is positioned over the vasculature that services the corresponding lateral organ. Map-based cloning and complementation studies revealed that a null mutation in the KNAT1 homeobox gene is responsible for these pleiotropic phenotypes. Our observation that wild-type Arabidopsis plants also downregulate chlorenchyma development adjacent to lateral organs leads us to propose that KNAT1 and ERECTA are required to restrict the action of an asymmetrically localized, vasculature-associated chlorenchyma repressor at the nodes. Our data indicate that it is feasible to alter the architecture of ornamental and crop plants by manipulating these genetically defined pathways.
authors.affiliation: Botany Department, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, West Hill, Ontario M1C1A4, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chuck
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Dengler
authors.forename: Lakshmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pelecanda
authors.forename: C Daniel
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Riggs
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018519:Meristem / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C092212:KNAT1 protein, Arabidopsis; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C457763:ER protein, Arabidopsis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases