Impact of two or three daily subcutaneous injections of hexarelin, a synthetic growth hormone (GH) secretagogue, on 24-h GH, prolactin, adrenocorticotropin and cortisol secretion in humans.
OBJECTIVE
To extend the insights on the action of GH secretagogues (GHS) on pituitary function, we studied the impact of intermittent daily s.c. administration of a peptidyl GHS, hexarelin (HEX), on 24-h GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol release in healthy volunteers.


METHODS
We investigated the impact of two or three times daily s.c. administration of a short-acting peptidyl GHS, the hexapeptide HEX (1.5 microg/kg) on 24-h GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol secretion (sampling every 20 min) in six normal young men. To monitor possible down-regulation, the effect of 1 microg/kg i.v. HEX at the end of each 24-h sampling period was studied.


METHODS
Multi-parameter deconvolution analysis was used to quantitate pulsatile GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol secretion and estimate the corresponding hormone half-lives. Complementary to deconvolution analysis, approximate entropy was used as a scale- and model-independent statistic to quantify the serial orderliness or pattern regularity of hormone measurements.


RESULTS
Mean and integrated (24-h) serum GH concentrations were increased from baseline values to the same extent by two and three HEX injections. Both HEX schedules equally increased GH secretory burst mass (but not burst frequency), mean daily GH production rate, GH half-life and irregularity of GH release patterns. No change occurred in the secretion of IGF-I, PRL, ACTH and cortisol. Intravenous HEX at the end of each spontaneous 24-h profile induced a significant rise in GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol. Prior HEX administration blunted the GH response, abolished that of ACTH and cortisol and did not modify the PRL increase.


CONCLUSIONS
The study showed that two or three daily s.c. injections of HEX augmented 24-h GH secretion equally, amplifying selectively GH secretory pulse mass without altering lactotroph and corticotroph secretion. IGF-I levels were not modified by these 1-day HEX treatment schedules.
Maccario
Mauro
M
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. mauromac@interfree.it
Veldhuis
Johannes D
JD
Broglio
Fabio
F
Vito
Lidia Di
LD
Arvat
Emanuela
E
Deghenghi
Romano
R
Ghigo
Ezio
E
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D019277:Entropy; D005260:Female; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
D006133:Growth Substances; D009842:Oligopeptides; C086184:hexarelin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone