title: Lack of associations between occlusal and cephalometric measures, side imbalance in striatal D2 receptor binding, and sleep-related oromotor activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  First, to evaluate possible orofacial morphologic differences between sleep bruxers and non-bruxers, and second, to determine possible correlations between morphologic factors and striatal D2 receptor expression in persons with sleep-related oromotor activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty subjects were included in this study; half of them had polysomnographically confirmed oromotor values above the cutoff points for sleep bruxism. For all participants, 26 standard occlusal measures were recorded clinically and from dental study casts. In addition, 25 standard angular and linear measures were taken from standardized cephalometric films, and variables were derived to evaluate dental and skeletal relationships. Fourteen of the 20 participants had also participated in a previous study that included iodine-123-iodobenzamide (I-123-IBZM) and single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT). For them, the side-to-side difference in striatal D2 receptor binding was determined as the neurochemical outcome measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following the classical Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing, no morphologic differences were found between the sleep bruxers and the non-bruxers. In addition, none of the morphologic variables were significantly associated with the neuroimaging data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking into account the low power of this retrospective, exploratory study, the results suggest that the orofacial morphology of sleep bruxers does not differ from that of non-bruxers. In addition, morphologic factors are probably not involved in the asymmetry in striatal D2 receptor distribution that was previously observed in association with sleep bruxism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Function, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Louwesweg 1, 1066 EA Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.lobbezoo@acta.nl
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lobbezoo
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Rompré
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Soucy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iafrancesco
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turkewicz
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Montplaisir
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lavigne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007462:Iodobenzenes; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003765:Models, Dental; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017286:Polysomnography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D020186:Sleep Bruxism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D007462:Iodobenzenes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C426805:idobenzamide