Production of taxoids with biological activity by plants and callus culture from selected Taxus genotypes.
Twenty seven different yew trees belonging to various genotypes and hybrids have been screened for their capacity to produce significant amounts of taxoids provided with biological activity in the tubulin test. From the three best genotypes selected, Taxus x media "Sargentii" proved to be able to produce viable calluses from excised roots placed in vitro. Taxoid composition at various times of the in vitro culture was determined and the carcinostatic efficiency of the extracts was established using the KB cell cytotoxicity test. In leaves and calluses, respectively, 0.069 and 0.032% paclitaxel (taxol) contents were found. These contents were significantly higher than those previously reported for other genotypes.
Parc
Guy
G
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire de Chimie, ESA 8041 C.N.R.S., 63 rue Buffon, F-75005 Cedex 05, Paris, France.
Canaguier
Aurélie
A
Landré
Pierre
P
Hocquemiller
Reynald
R
Chriqui
Dominique
D
Meyer
Michèle
M
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007624:KB Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D043823:Taxoids; D020946:Taxus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids; D014315:Triterpenes; C042213:10-deacetylbaccatine III; D017239:Paclitaxel