title: Vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in postmenopausal Danish women: no relation to bone markers or serum lipoproteins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and estrogen receptor (ER) genes in relation to biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum osteocalcin and urinary collagen type I degradation products (CrossLaps), and to study ER genotypes in relation to serum lipoproteins, blood pressure, or changes in these parameters after 2 years of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in 499 Danish postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The VDR gene polymorphisms were determined by means of the three restriction enzymes, i.e. BsmI, ApaI and TaqI, while the ER gene polymorphisms were determined by means of the PvuII and XbaI restriction enzymes. Serum osteocalcin, urinary CrossLaps and the lipoproteins were also assessed. Body mass index was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VDR or ER genotypes did not differ significantly with respect to age, age at menopause or body mass index. No significant effect of VDR or ER genotype on bone turnover was found. Furthermore, we were unable to find any relationship between ER genotype and lipoproteins or blood pressure at baseline, or changes in these parameters during HRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A clinically significant relationship between VDR and ER genotypes and biochemical markers of bone turnover or serum lipoproteins could not be demonstrated in healthy Danish postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Basic Research, Ballerup Byvej 222, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Bagger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hassager
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Heegaard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Christiansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000652:urine; D024042:Collagen Type I; D003718:Denmark; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007096:Imidoesters; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides / Q000652:urine; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017698:Postmenopause; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D007096:Imidoesters; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010455:Peptides; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; C028066:methyl 4-azidophenylacetimidate; D003094:Collagen; C053864:endodeoxyribonuclease BsmI; C025580:endodeoxyribonuclease XBAI; C025630:CAGCTG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; C027046:TCGA-specific type II deoxyribonucleases