Colorectal cancer prevention and treatment by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2.
Population-based studies have established that long-term intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), compounds that inhibit the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), reduces the relative risk for developing colorectal cancer. These studies led to the identification of a molecular target, COX-2, that is involved in tumour promotion during colorectal cancer progression. Recent studies in humans indicate that therapy with specific COX-2 inhibitors might be an effective approach to colorectal cancer prevention and treatment.
Gupta
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RA
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2279, USA.
Dubois
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D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000502:physiology; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E / Q000502:physiology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011453:Prostaglandins; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases