title: Effects of a nutritional supplement on periodontal status.
abstract: Among the recommendations for the maintenance of gingival and periodontal health, few have focused on the value of nutritional supplements. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of certain nutritional and plant-derived nutraceuticals and a placebo tablet in the reduction of gingivitis, bleeding, probing depths, and attachment levels in a 60-day two-cell, randomized, parallel clinical trial for patients with Type II periodontal disease. The vitamin therapy was introduced as an adjunct to patient homecare to determine if there was a quantifiable improvement to soft-tissue health and periodontal damage. Sixty-three patients were randomly divided into two groups of 32 and 31 subjects and given either a vitamin tablet containing seven active ingredients (experimental treatment) or a placebo tablet. The clinical parameters assessed were the gingival index (GI), bleeding index (BI), periodontal pocket depth (PD), and attachment levels (AL), and were recorded at baseline and 60 days. Patients took the assigned tablet at breakfast and at dinner after brushing their teeth twice daily. After 60 days, the data showed a clinical reduction in the GI, BI, and PD for the experimental group (P < .0001). There were no significant changes for AL with either the experimental or the placebo group. When the data were further analyzed for pocket depths of > or = 4 mm in patients receiving the experimental treatment, there were clinically significant improvements in the GI and PD from baseline to 60 days (P < .0001), but no significant differences in the BI and AL. There were no statistical differences in any of the indices when the data were compared between men and women. The results of the present study suggest that a multi-vitamin nutritional supplement might be a beneficial adjunct to the required established periodontal treatment.
authors.affiliation: Center for Dental Research, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kiger
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D020900:Echinacea; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000628:therapy*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D008517:Phytotherapy; D029222:Piper nigrum; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations; D014451:Ubiquinone; D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D001205:Ascorbic Acid