title: Inter-rater agreement in the scoring of abstracts submitted to a primary care research conference.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Checklists for peer review aim to guide referees when assessing the quality of papers, but little evidence exists on the extent to which referees agree when evaluating the same paper. The aim of this study was to investigate agreement on dimensions of a checklist between two referees when evaluating abstracts submitted for a primary care conference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anonymised abstracts were scored using a structured assessment comprising seven categories. Between one (poor) and four (excellent) marks were awarded for each category, giving a maximum possible score of 28 marks. Every abstract was assessed independently by two referees and agreement measured using intraclass correlation coefficients. Mean total scores of abstracts accepted and rejected for the meeting were compared using an unpaired t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 52 abstracts, agreement between reviewers was greater for three components relating to study design (adjusted intraclass correlation coefficients 0.40 to 0.45) compared to four components relating to more subjective elements such as the importance of the study and likelihood of provoking discussion (0.01 to 0.25). Mean score for accepted abstracts was significantly greater than those that were rejected (17.4 versus 14.6, 95% CI for difference 1.3 to 4.1, p = 0.0003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that inclusion of subjective components in a review checklist may result in greater disagreement between reviewers. However in terms of overall quality scores, abstracts accepted for the meeting were rated significantly higher than those that were rejected.
authors.affiliation: Division of Primary Health Care, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Cotham Hill, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK. alan.a.montgomery@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Philip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fahey
mesh_terms: D000043:Abstracting and Indexing / Q000145:classification / Q000592:standards*; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D032921:Consensus; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008374:Manuscripts, Medical as Topic; D015588:Observer Variation; D017712:Peer Review, Research / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D006113:United Kingdom