title: In vitro manipulations of vitamin C and vitamin E concentrations alter intracellular O2- production of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis) head-kidney cells.
abstract: To examine the mechanism by which vitamins C and E alter phagocyte function, a series of in vitro manipulations were conducted with cells isolated from the head-kidney of hybrid striped bass (average weight 680 g) fed a diet supplemented with minimum requirement levels of vitamins C and E for 2 weeks. Head-kidney phagocytes were cultured in media containing physiologically deficient (23 microM, adequate (45 microM) or excessive (182 microM) concentrations of vitamin C, and physiologically deficient (5 microM), adequate (9 microM) or excessive (32 microM) concentrations of vitamin E for 18 h. Following culture and stimulation, levels of reactive oxygen intermediates and hydrogen peroxide were determined. There were no effects of vitamin C or vitamin E concentrations on hydrogen peroxide or extracellular O2- generation. Intracellular O2- production, however, was significantly (P < or = 0.05) affected. When vitamin C was supplied at deficient levels to the medium, vitamin E elevated O2- production to levels not different from those of cells incubated with requirement levels of both vitamins. Similarly, when vitamin E was deficient in the media, vitamin C supplementation at requirement levels normalised intracellular O2- production. This data provides support for the presence of a vitamin C and vitamin E sparing mechanism in phagocytic head-kidney cells of hybrid striped bass and yield some insight into the mechanisms by which vitamin C and vitamin E function in immunomodulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences and Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University System, College Station 77843-2258, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Sealey
authors.forename: Delbert M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gatlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001492:Bass / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013481:Superoxides; D014810:Vitamin E; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D001205:Ascorbic Acid