title: Dietary epoxy fatty acids are absorbed in healthy women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epoxy fats in the diet may adversely affect human health. There are no data on the absorption of these fats in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Triglycerides were synthesized containing two U-13C-labelled monoepoxy or diepoxy stearic acid molecules. Apparently healthy women consumed a standardized fatty meal (30 g fat) containing either 20 mg monoepoxy or 25 mg diepoxy fat (n = 6 and n = 7, respectively). Plasma lipid [U-13C]monoepoxy and diepoxy stearate concentrations were determined (0-24 h) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma triglycerides increased from 1.05 +/- 0.12 to 1.83 +/- 0.13 mmol L-1 (n = 6) and from 1.10 +/- 0.19 to 1.41 +/- 0.27 mmol L-1 (n = 7) (both P < 0.001). Plasma [U-13C]monoepoxy and diepoxy stearate levels increased to 0.18 +/- 0.07 micromol L-1 (n = 6) and to 0.08 +/- 0.03 micromol L-1 (n = 7), respectively. Monoepoxy triglyceride was better absorbed than diepoxy triglyceride: 17 +/- 4 vs. 8 +/- 1% of dose (determined from area under curve (plasma 13C) normalized to that of absorbed triglycerides (plasma 12C); P < 0.02 after log transformation). The absorption of monoepoxy- and diepoxy-labelled triglycerides was related to that of normal triglycerides (r = 0.80, P < 0.05 and r = 0.91, P < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monoepoxy fats are better absorbed than diepoxy fats in women (17 +/- 4 vs. 8 +/- 1% of dose, P = 0.02). This difference in absorption is important when considering the relative toxicity of epoxidized material in the food chain.
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fernie
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Scrimgeour
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lyall
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Riemersma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D013024:Soybean Oil