title: Hürthle cell carcinoma: a 60-year experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to define the clinical behavior and prognostic indicators of outcome in Hürthle cell cancer (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnosis was confirmed for 56 patients with HCC treated between 1940 and 2000, who form the basis of this study. Primary end points were relapse-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Data were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and by log-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The extent of thyroid resection did not predict outcome. Recurrence was a significant predictor of tumor-related mortality. Significant adverse predictors of RFS and DSS were degree of invasion, size >4 cm, extrathyroidal extension, and initial nodal or distant metastases. The most significant predictor of outcome was extent of invasion. Eight-year RFS values for low- and high-risk groups were 100% and 24%. Corresponding rates of 8-year DSS were 100% and 58%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Widely invasive HCC is an aggressive malignancy that identifies patients who are at high risk for recurrence and tumor-related death. Patients with HCC have a prognosis that is reliably predicted by degree of invasion, tumor size, extrathyroidal disease extension, and initial nodal or distant metastasis. Recurrence portends a poor outcome. High-risk patients and those with recurrence should be considered for adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stojadinovic
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoos
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ghossein
authors.forename: Marshall J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Urist
authors.forename: Denis H Y
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Ronald H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Spiro
authors.forename: Jatin P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Murray F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Bhuvanesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Ashok R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shaha
mesh_terms: D018249:Adenoma, Oxyphilic / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D015996:Survival Rate; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D013965:Thyroidectomy