title: Reproductive medicine: the ethical issues in the twenty-first century.
abstract: Reproductive medicine has developed to such an extent that numerous moral questions arise about the boundaries of applications of new reproductive technology. It is possible to imagine a future in which 'designer babies' are created and in which cloning, sex selection and male pregnancy become the instruments of individual desire or social policy. In this article, the concept of 'natural' is explored but rejected as an insufficient moral criterion for deciding these complex questions. A case is made for the criterion of welfare of the child and for the concept of the child as gift rather than product.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ethics in Medicine, University of Bristol, 73 St Michael's Hill, Bristol BS2 8BH, UK.
authors.forename: Alastair V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D001675:Bioethics; D002648:Child; D002651:Child Advocacy / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018456:Reproductive Medicine / Q000592:standards*; D012743:Sex Preselection