Allergic contact dermatitis from phenylephrine in eyedrops.
Phenylephrine is widely used as an ophthalmic drug. However, there are only very few reports on allergic contact dermatitis induced by phenylephrine. In addition, little is known on cross reactivity patterns between the sympathomimetics phenylephrine, epinephrine and ephedrine which share a similar chemical structure. We report on a man who developed allergic contact dermatitis to Neosynerphin POS eyedrops containing phenylephrine hydrochloride. Cross reactivity between phenylephrine, epinephrine and ephedrine was studied by patch testing. Patch tests were performed with the European standard, an ophthalmics and preservatives series, Neosynerphin POS eyedrops, phenylephrine hydrochloride 10% aq., epinephrine and ephedrine (both 1.0 % aq.). Test sites were read after 48, 72 and 168 hours according to the recommendations of the ICDRG. Neosynerphin POS and phenylephrine hydrochloride 10 % aq. gave positive reactions, whereas epinephrine and ephedrine tested negative. Although phenylephrine is an epinephrine analog delayed type hypersensitivity to phenylephrine did not result in cross reactivity with chemically related epinephrine and ephedrine.
Erdmann
Stephan Michael
SM
Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospitals of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany. most.erdmann@t-online.de
Sachs
Bernhardt
B
Merk
Hans F
HF
D003429:Cross Reactions; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010328:Patch Tests; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000009:adverse effects*
D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010656:Phenylephrine