title: Structure of the full-length HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 A resolution: Mimicking the product/substrate of the phospho transfer reactions.
abstract: The histidine containing phospho carrier protein (HPr) kinase/phosphatase is involved in carbon catabolite repression, mainly in Gram-positive bacteria. It is a bifunctional enzyme that phosphorylates Ser-46-HPr in an ATP-dependent reaction and dephosphorylates P-Ser-46-HPr. X-ray analysis of the full-length crystalline enzyme from Staphylococcus xylosus at a resolution of 1.95 A shows the enzyme to consist of two clearly separated domains that are assembled in a hexameric structure resembling a three-bladed propeller. The N-terminal domain has a betaalphabeta fold similar to a segment from enzyme I of the sugar phosphotransferase system and to the uridyl-binding portion of MurF; it is structurally organized in three dimeric modules exposed to form the propeller blades. Two unexpected phosphate ions associated with highly conserved residues were found in the N-terminal dimeric interface. The C-terminal kinase domain is similar to that of the Lactobacillus casei enzyme and is assembled in six copies to form the compact central hub of the propeller. Beyond previously reported similarity with adenylate kinase, we suggest evolutionary relationship with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. In addition to a phosphate ion in the phosphate-binding loop of the kinase domain, we have identified a second phosphate-binding site that, by comparison with adenylate kinases, we believe accommodates a product/substrate phosphate, normally covalently linked to Ser-46 of HPr. Thus, we propose that our structure represents a product/substrate mimic of the kinase/phosphatase reaction.
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Márquez
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasenbein
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fieulaine
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nessler
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hengstenberg
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scheffzek
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001665:Binding Sites; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021122:Protein Subunits; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010710:Phosphates; D021122:Protein Subunits; C110847:HPr kinase; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases