title: Notch receptor cleavage depends on but is not directly executed by presenilins.
abstract: Notch receptors undergo three distinct proteolytic cleavages during maturation and activation. The third cleavage occurs within the plasma membrane and results in the release and translocation of the intracellular domain into the nucleus to execute Notch signaling. This so-called gamma-secretase cleavage is under the control of presenilins, but it is not known whether presenilins themselves carry out the cleavage or whether they act by means of yet-unidentified gamma-secretase(s). In this article, we show that Notch intracellular cleavage in intact cells completely depends on presenilins. In contrast, partial purification of the Notch cleavage activity reveals an activity, which is present only in protein extracts from presenilin-containing cells, and which does not comigrate with presenilin. This finding provides evidence for the existence of a specific Notch-processing activity, which is physically distinct from presenilins. We conclude from these experiments that presenilins are critically required for Notch intracellular cleavage but are not themselves directly mediating the cleavage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Faculty of Medicine, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karlström
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lundkvist
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otaka
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vestling
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: Dorit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donoviel
authors.forename: Urban
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lendahl
authors.forename: Tasuku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honjo
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D002457:Cell Extracts; D002460:Cell Line; D003902:Detergents; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005470:Fluorometry; D006801:Humans; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D053764:Presenilin-1; D053766:Presenilin-2; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D003902:Detergents; D007976:Leupeptins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; C508861:PSEN2 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; D053766:Presenilin-2; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051880:Receptors, Notch; C067713:lactacystin; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D010450:Endopeptidases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509280:BACE1 protein, human; C509282:Bace1 protein, mouse; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde; D000111:Acetylcysteine