title: Alpha-interferon therapy induces improvement of platelet counts in children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate alpha-interferon (IFN) therapy for children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with refractory ITP lasting more than 12 months from diagnosis were included if they had platelet counts <50 x 10(9)/L and had received no treatment during the past month. Patients received IFN (3 x 10(6) U/m2 per dose), three times per week for 4 weeks; if partial (<150 x 10(9)/L) or no response was obtained, the same dose was continued for another 8 weeks. In patients with favorable response and subsequent decrease to pre-treatment values, an additional 4 weeks of treatment could be administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients (ages 4-20 y) receiving 17 IFN courses were included. Mean initial platelet count was 29 +/- 15 x 10(9)/L. A significant increase was achieved during 14 of 17 courses (82.4%). All but two responses were transitory, and platelets returned to initial values after IFN discontinuation (mean 44 +/- 26 days). Considering the best response achieved by each patient, we observed: 1) 10 patients who achieved a sustained improvement of platelet count throughout the treatment period, decreasing to initial values after therapy was stopped; 2) one patient who achieved platelet count >150 x 10(9)/L, remaining with normal platelets at 18 months; 3) one patient who achieved platelet count >150 x 10(9)/L, remaining with platelets between 100 and 140 x 10(9)/L at 48 months; 4) one patient who had no response; and 5) one patient in whom therapy worsened the thrombocytopenia. A mild to moderate flu-like syndrome and a moderate decrease of the absolute neutrophil count were the only side effects observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interferon therapy induces a significant increase of platelet count and seems to be a valid alternative therapy to attempt the achievement of prolonged remission in refractory ITP, to defer splenectomy in younger children, or to improve platelet count before planned splenectomy.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Area, Bio Sidus S.A. Laboratory, Buenos Aires, Argentina. h.donato@biosidus.com.ar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kohan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picón
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovó
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rapetti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schvartzman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavergne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Galvagni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rendo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010976:Platelet Count; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins