title: Distinguishing clonal apple rootstocks by isozymes banding patterns.
abstract: Molecular characterisation of clonal apple rootstocks using isozymes was carried out to identify isozyme polymorphism in seven clonal apple rootstocks and to identify the most characteristic and stable enzyme markers for each individual rootstock. Five enzyme systems were studied out of which polyphenol oxidase, malate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and peroxidase were useful in discriminating among the rootstocks. The peroxidase enzyme system showed maximum variation and esterase showed the least variation among the rootstocks. Out of seven rootstocks, three were distinguished on the basis of one enzyme system only (M.3 with MDH or PER, M.7 with PPO or PER and MM. 111 with MDH). Out of the sixteen loci studied seven were found to be polymorphic. Genetic variation among the rootstocks was explained on the basis of various parameters. The percentage of polymorphic loci varied from 13.33 to 35.71 per cent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaushal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modgil
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004950:Esterases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027845:Malus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D004156:Catechol Oxidase; D010544:Peroxidases; D004950:Esterases; D000135:Acid Phosphatase