title: Fluorescein angiographic findings in primary intraocular lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), also known as primary central nervous system lymphoma, is a rare yet blinding and fatal disease. Often presenting with ocular involvement, it can masquerade as posterior or intermediate uveitis, thus delaying diagnosis. A noninvasive ancillary test such as fluorescein angiography could be helpful in raising the level of suspicion in the diagnosis of this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of fluorescein angiography (FA) and clinical characteristics of 17 patients (31 eyes) who presented to the National Eye Institute with the diagnosis of PIOL (confirmed by histopathologic analysis) were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common angiographic characteristics included disturbances at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), such as granularity (19 eyes [61%]), blockage (17 eyes [55%]), and late staining (14 eyes [45%]). These changes are well correlated to histopathologic findings of lymphoma cells located between the RPE and Bruchs membrane. Perivascular staining or leakage and cystoid macular edema were rare. Other less common findings included pigment epithelial detachments and punctate hyperfluorescent lesions. Clinical characteristics found in eyes for which results of FA were available included vitreitis (29 eyes [94%]), subretinal infiltrates (19 eyes [61%]), and anterior chamber cells (10 eyes [32%]). In some cases, clinical examination did not correlate with FA findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although PIOL may present with a normal angiographic phenotype, extensive RPE changes demonstrated by FA, combined with the absence of perivascular staining or leakage and macular edema, may be associated with and distinctive of PIOL.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. brusie-velez@erols.com
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Velez
authors.forename: Chi-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Karl G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Csaky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000473:pathology; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology