The relationship between skeletal and oral bone mineral density: an overview.
Is oral osteopenia (bone loss of the jaws) a component of systemic osteopenia/osteoporosis (systemic bone loss, with or without fracture) or only an accompanying manifestation of periodontal disease? Put other ways: 1) is systemic osteopenia a risk factor for periodontitis; 2) is systemic osteopenia a risk factor for oral osteopenia independent of periodontal disease; or 3) is periodontal disease the primary (exclusive) risk factor for oral osteopenia? Despite 2 decades of scientific inquiry into these questions, the answers remain elusive.
Chesnut
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Department of Radiology and Medicine, Osteoporosis Research Group, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000502:physiology*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors