title: Expression of extracellular matrix proteins and vimentin in testes of azoospermic man: an immunohistochemical and morphometric study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes in the extracellular matrix protein expression and the morphology of seminiferous tubules in the testis of 88 azoospermic men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were of the following categories: (1) 22 cases of Sertoli-cell-only syndrome, (2) 20 cases of spermatogenic arrest, and (3) 46 cases with hypospermatogenesis. Testicular sections were immunohistochemically stained for fibronectin, vimentin, laminin and collagen type IV. The seminiferous tubular diameter and the connective matrix zone (CMZ, the acellular zone between the basement membrane [BM] and the peritubular cells) thickness were measured. Seminiferous tubules were typed according to the thickness of the connective matrix in the lamina propria. The predominant tubule type and the Johnsen and Silber scores were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean tubular diameter were 119 +/- 27, 117 +/- 20, and 140 +/- 38 microm for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Both the laminin and the type IV collagen were localized to the epithelial BM and peritubular cells. In most of the tubules, BM and peritubular cells were separated by a homogenous acellular layer, the CMZ, in which laminin, type IV collagen, fibronectin and vimentin were not present. It is perceived that the worse the testicular histology, the higher the thickness of the CMZ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In testis with no or low sperm production, the diameter of the seminiferous tubules is decreased, the thickness of the seminiferous tubular wall is increased and a CMZ is formed between the peritubular cells and the BM. The thickness of CMZ is increasing with the advancement of testiclar deterioration. The most important morphologic predictive factor for spermiogenesis is the predominant
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Akdeniz University Medical School, Antalya, Turkey. gulkesen@med.akdeniz.edu.tr
authors.forename: Kemal Hakan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Gülkesen
authors.forename: Tibet
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erdoğru
authors.forename: Canan Figen
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Sargin
authors.forename: Gülten
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karpuzoğlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012670:Seminiferous Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D024141:Collagen Type IV; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D007797:Laminin; D014746:Vimentin