title: Superiority of HMPAO ictal SPECT to ECD ictal SPECT in localizing the epileptogenic zone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined diagnostic performances of Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) and Tc-99m electron capture detection (ECD) ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to localize the epileptogenic zones in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and neocortical epilepsy (NE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Epileptogenic zones were identified by invasive EEG or surgical outcome. Ictal SPECT was performed with stabilized Tc-99m HMPAO (TLE, 17; NE, 23) and with Tc-99m ECD (TLE, 7; NE, 7). Single-blind visual interpretation was used to localize the epileptogenic zones. Asymmetric index was calculated. Subtraction ictal SPECT was coregistered to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) template.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In TLE, the sensitivity of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT was 82% (14 of 17) and that of Tc-99m ECD SPECT was 71% (five of seven). The asymmetric index (AI; 25 +/- 10) of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT was larger (p = 0.05) than the AI (13 +/- 13) of Tc-99m ECD SPECT in patients with TLE. In NE, the sensitivity of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT was 70% (16 of 23), but that of Tc-99m ECD SPECT was 29% (two of seven). The AI (15 +/- 10) of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT was significantly larger (p = 0.02) than the AI (4.8 +/- 6) of Tc-99m ECD SPECT in patients with NE. Subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to MRI supported the visual assessment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that the sensitivity of Tc-99m ECD ictal SPECT is similar to that of Tc-99m HMPAO ictal SPECT in TLE; however, ictal hyperperfusion was higher with the Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT. In patients with NE, Tc-99m HMPAO ictal SPECT also was superior to Tc-99m ECD ictal SPECT in sensitivity and degree of hyperperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu Kyeong
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gi Jeong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: Keon Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Eun Sil
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: June-Key
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Myung Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019579:Neocortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime