title: Urinary vasodilator and vasoconstrictor angiotensins during menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation.
abstract: Since normal human pregnancy is characterized by normotension in the face of an increased renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), we evaluated the temporal pattern of urinary excretion of a novel vasodilator within this system, angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-[1-7]), during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation. The urinary profiles of Ang I, Ang II, human chorionic gonadotropin, 17beta-estradiol, and progesterone were also determined. During the menstrual cycle, urinary Ang-(1-7) and Ang II remained stable (mean cycle value: 94.6 +/- 11.3 and 11.4 +/- 1.1 pmol/g of creatinine, respectively) in nine females. In 10 normal pregnant women, urinary Ang-(1-7) and Ang II increased throughout gestation, averaging 1499.8 +/- 310 and 224.4 +/- 58 pmol/g of creatinine, respectively (p < 0.05) at wk 35 and falling during lactation to 394.0 +/- 95 and 65.7 +/- 20 pmol/ g of creatinine (p < 0.05), respectively. The Ang-(1-7)/Ang II ratio was unchanged in the different reproductive periods. During the menstrual cycle, Ang II and Ang-(1-7) correlated with 17beta-estradiol and progesterone using multivariate analysis (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) and r = 0.28, p < 0.02, respectively). During gestation, 17beta-estradiol and progesterone correlated with urinary Ang-(1-7) (r = 0.48, p < 0.001 and r = 0.47, p < 0.001, respectively) and Ang II (r = 0.24, p < 0.03 and r = 0.25, p < 0.03, respectively); by multiple regression, only Ang-(1-7) correlated with both steroids (r = 0.49,p < 0.001). The progressive rise of Ang-(1-7) throughout gestation, probably modulated by estrogen and progesterone, suggests a physiologic counterregulation within the RAAS.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nefrología, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corthorn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berrios
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Foradori
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ferrario
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Brosnihan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000502:physiology / Q000652:urine; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology / Q000652:urine; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation / Q000652:urine*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000652:urine*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000502:physiology / Q000652:urine; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000652:urine*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000803:Angiotensin I; C118790:angiotensin I (1-7)