title: Categorizing race and ethnicity in the HMO Cancer Research Network.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Cancer Research Network (CRN) was formed in 1999 with funding from the National Cancer Institute. The CRN represents a collaboration of 10 health plans across the United States, with a combined total of approximately 9 million enrollees. The goal of the CRN is to promote collaborative research, which will ultimately increase the effectiveness of preventive, curative, and supportive interventions for major cancers. Special emphasis is placed upon diverse populations, and racial and ethnic differences in outcomes, costs, and cost effectiveness.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  There is increasing awareness in the research literature of the relationship between race and ethnicity and health outcomes. However, the majority of the health maintenance organizations represented in the CRN, similar to other health plans and organizations, do not routinely collect race and ethnicity data on their members. In order to compare data and outcomes across the CRN sites, consensus is needed in the measurement of race and ethnicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review discusses terminology used in the research literature to describe race and ethnicity and the manner in which these constructs have been measured in previous studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review concludes with suggestions for standardized measures of race and ethnicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is hoped that shared conceptualizations of race and ethnicity will lead to improved data quality and precision in measurement.
authors.affiliation: Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA. mford1@hfhs.org
authors.forename: Marvella E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Deanna D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nerenz
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hornbrook
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zapka
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meenan
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Christine Cole
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000145:classification*; D005260:Female; D006265:Health Care Coalitions / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000592:standards*; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000145:classification*; D012107:Research Design; D012109:Research Support as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014481:United States