title: Physiological effects of gravitation.
abstract: The physiological effects of weightlessness are discussed, as they were measured and reported by the Russian cosmonauts. The possibilities of adaptation to space environment by training and the mechanisms of compensation and vicarization (adaptive substitution) of the analyzers and processes of the biological entity are considered. The authors present recommendations for cosmonaut training for distant and prolonged flights.
authors.affiliation: USSR Academy of Sciences, Division of Physiology, Commission on Study and Use of Space, Moscow, USSR.
authors.forename: O G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Gazenko
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gyurdzhian
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D009949:Orientation; D013026:Space Flight; D013037:Spatial Behavior; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014893:Weightlessness