title: The ketogenic diet may have mood-stabilizing properties.
abstract: The ketogenic diet, originally introduced in the 1920s, has been undergoing a recent resurgence as an adjunctive treatment for refractory epilepsy, particularly in children. In this difficult-to-treat population, the diet exhibits remarkable efficacy with two-thirds showing significant reduction in seizure frequency and one-third becoming nearly seizure-free. There are several reasons to suspect that the ketogenic diet may also have utility as a mood stabilizer in bipolar illness. These include the observation that several anticonvulsant interventions may improve outcome in mood disorders. Furthermore, beneficial changes in brain-energy profile are noted in subjects on the ketogenic diet. This is important since global cerebral hypometabolism is a characteristic of the brains of depressed or manic individuals. Finally, the extracellular changes that occur in ketosis would be expected to decrease intracellular sodium concentrations, a common property of all effective mood stabilizers. Trials of the ketogenic diet in relapse prevention of bipolar mood episodes are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky 40292, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: El-Mallakh
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Paskitti
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000178:diet therapy; D004033:Diet Fads; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000178:diet therapy; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000378:metabolism*; D007662:Ketosis / Q000523:psychology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000178:diet therapy*
chemical_list: D007659:Ketones