title: Prognostic value of the Gleason score in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prognostic value of the Gleason score in prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive series of 305 men with prostate cancer diagnosed at transurethral resection (1975-1990) and with no curative treatment was analysed. There was no assessment of prostate-specific antigen level during this period. The mean (range) age at diagnosis was 73.7 (52-95) years and the mean follow-up was 6.4 (0-22) years. The influence of Gleason score and the percentage of the specimen area with tumour (% cancer) on disease-specific survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 305 cancers, 22% had a Gleason score of 4-5, 29% of 6, 18% of 7 and 32% of 8-10. At the follow-up, 89% of the men had died, of whom 42% had died from prostate cancer. The disease-specific 10-year survival was 56%. The disease-specific mean survival (DSMS) for Gleason score 4-5, 6, 7 and 8-10 was 20, 16, 10 and 5 years, respectively (P < 0.001). The DSMS did not differ significantly between Gleason 4 and 5 or between 8-10. There was a trend towards shorter survival for Gleason 4 + 3=7 (DSMS 9 years) than GS 3 + 4=7 (DSMS 13 years; P = 0.16). Gleason score and % cancer were independent predictors of DSMS (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term prognosis of prostate cancer on deferred treatment is predicted well by the Gleason score. Four prognostic categories of prostate cancer are suggested, i.e. Gleason score 4-5, 6, 7 and 8-10.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. lars.egevad@onkpat.ki.se
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Egevad
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Granfors
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karlberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergh
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stattin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016019:Survival Analysis; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen