title: In vitro comparison of transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP), resection of the prostate (TURP), and vaporization-resection of the prostate (TUVRP).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP) and vaporization-resection of the prostate (TUVRP) ("vapor cut, band electrode") seem to be alternatives to conventional resection of the prostate (TURP). For TUVP and TUVRP, little in vitro data has yet been published. The aim of this study was to determine settings for optimal performance with TUVP and TUVRP and to investigate electrosurgical parameters relevant to safety.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized experiments were performed on porcine muscle. Mass loss and coagulation zones were measured optically. Additionally, electrical parameters were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum tissue ablation rates were 3.8 cm3 per min and 6.1 cm3 per min for TUVP and TUVRP, respectively, compared to 6.5 cm3 per min for TURP. The maximum coagulation depths reached 2.1 mm (TUVP), 1.4 mm (TUVRP), and 0.9 mm (TURP). Optimal in vitro settings for TUVP/TUVRP/TURP were as follows: generator power of 250/120/90 W, drag speed of 5/15/20 mm/s, and pressure of 0.40/0.15/0.05 N. Different power generators and electrodes showed considerably varying performance. The energy to remove 1 g of tissue averaged 7.500 J (TUVP), 620 J (TUVRP). and 400 J (TURP).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results allow quantification of the influence of different variables on TUVP, TUVRP, and TURP in vitro. The TUVP proves to be an effective ablation alternative. Nevertheless, a 15 to 20 times higher energy demand has to be considered. TUVRP combines excellent ablation features with greater coagulation volumes, indicating better hemostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany. oreich@uro.med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corvin
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oberneder
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sroka
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muschter
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
mesh_terms: D004566:Electrodes; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*