title: Methylphenidate bioavailability in adults when an extended-release multiparticulate formulation is administered sprinkled on food or as an intact capsule.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the single-dose bioavailability of 20-mg Metadate CD (methylphenidate HCI, USP) Extended-Release Capsules sprinkled onto 1 level tablespoon (15 mL) of applesauce relative to an intact capsule under fasted conditions in healthy adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a single-center, open-label, single-dose, randomized, two-way crossover study with a 6-day washout period between doses, in healthy male and female subjects (N= 26), aged 21-40 years. Plasma concentration-time data for methylphenidate were used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters for each treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pharmacokinetic profile for Metadate CD exhibited biphasic release characteristics with a sharp initial slope and a second rising portion. For Cmax (maximum observed concentration), AUC(0-infinity) (area under the plasma concentration curve from time 0 to infinity) and AUC(0-infinity) (area under the plasma concentration curve from time 0 to the last measurable time point), the geometric least squares mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals were within the 80% to 125% confidence interval for bioequivalence. Adverse events were similar to those reported for methylphenidate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bioavailability of methylphenidate was not altered when Metadate CD capsules were administered by sprinkling their contents onto a small amount of applesauce.
authors.affiliation: Celltech Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Rochester, NY 14603, USA. roy.simmons@celltechgroup.com
authors.forename: Helen S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pentikis
authors.forename: Roy D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Benedict
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hatch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000628:therapy*; D001682:Biological Availability; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008774:Methylphenidate