title: The effect of retinoids and butyrate on the expression of CRX and IRBP in retinoblastoma cells.
abstract: We sought to determine whether differentiation agents such as retinoids and butyrate regulate transcript levels of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) and cone rod homeobox (CRX), a homeodomain transcription factor that regulates IRBP promoter activity. WERI-Rb1 retinoblastoma cells were treated with all-trans retinol, all-trans retinoic acid, or butyrate. IRBP and CRX mRNA levels were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Butyrate at low concentrations increased both mRNA levels but suppressed them at higher concentrations. Retinoic acid had minimal effects. Retinol increased CRX mRNA over four fold. IRBP and CRX transcript levels are sensitive to butyrate and CRX expression is sensitive to retinol.
authors.affiliation: Emory Eye Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. jboatri@emory.edu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Boatright
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stodulkova
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Padove
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Borst
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nickerson
mesh_terms: D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005136:Eye Proteins; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099214:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Interstitial
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D012176:Retinoids; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014212:Tretinoin; D014801:Vitamin A; D000099214:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Interstitial; C109288:cone rod homeobox protein