title: Sonographic findings of the hepatobiliary-pancreatic system in adult patients with cystic fibrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sonography of the liver, biliary system, and pancreas in adult patients with cystic fibrosis is by far less systematically documented than in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. In this prospective study, duplex sonographic findings of the liver, biliary system, and pancreas in adult patients with cystic fibrosis were compared with those of healthy control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two consecutive patients with cystic fibrosis and 60 healthy control subjects were examined by high-resolution sonography. The incidence of perihepatic lymphadenopathy, the hepatic echo pattern, the detection rate of liver tumors, the flow patterns in the hepatic and portal veins, and pathologic gallbladder and pancreas findings were recorded. Additionally, cholestasis-indicating enzyme levels (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase), liver function test results (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels), and amylase and lipase levels were recorded as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with cystic fibrosis, when compared with healthy subjects on sonographic examination, had a higher incidence of microgallbladder (25% versus 0%) and cystic lesions of the pancreas (18% versus 0%). The number of abnormal echo patterns of the liver was increased (46% versus 15%), with a higher incidence of a nontriphasic flow pattern in the right hepatic vein. The differences proved to be statistically significant (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Typical sonographic findings in adult patients with cystic fibrosis are a microgallbladder and small cystic lesions of the pancreas. Pathologic findings of the liver can be shown by B-mode and duplex sonography, but the resulting patterns are less characteristic.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Maruan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chichakli
authors.forename: Tim O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Hirche
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bargon
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leitzmann
authors.forename: Thomas O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lembcke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015995:Prevalence; D014463:Ultrasonography