title: Responsiveness of measures in the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire to organizational changes: a validation study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the responsiveness of measures adopted in the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire to organizational changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the employees who had been affected by restructuring of their company due to the economic hardship, two consecutive questionnaire surveys were conducted over a specific period. A total of 544 full-time employees responded to both surveys. Changes in four summary measures from the situation-specific model component and the person-specific component, and items/subscales that constitute the questionnaire were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The summary measures on psychological deterioration in the total study population. The deterioration was prevalent in those employees who had presumably experienced the effects of stressful organizational changes related to the restructuring, while improvement in the summary measures was observed for those employees who were promoted during the period. On the whole, the measures for the items of the situation-specific component and subscales for the personal component changed in the expected direction. With regard to ERI, potentially stronger effects of multiple organizational changes on employees were indicated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurements of ERI at work are valid in terms of responsiveness to organizational changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Akizumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagami
authors.forename: Kanehisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Tsunetaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matoba
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012201:Reward; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*