title: Methionine-dependence and combination chemotherapy on human gastric cancer cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate whether human primary gastric cancer and gastric mucosa epithelial cells in vitro can grow normally in a methionine (Met) depleted environment, i.e. Met-dependence, and whether Met-depleting status can enhance the killing effect of chemotherapy on gastric cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh human gastric cancer and mucosal tissues were managed to form monocellular suspensions, which were then cultured in the Met-free but homocysteine-containing (Met(-)Hcy(+)) medium, with different chemotherapeutic drugs. The proliferation of the cells was examined by cell counter, flow cytometry (FCM) and microcytotoxicity assay (MTT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The growth of human primary gastric cancer cells in Met(-)Hcy(+) was suppressed, manifested by the decrease of total cell counts [1.46 +/- 0.42 (x 10(9).L(-1)) in Met(-)Hcy(+) vs 1.64 +/-0.44(x 10(9).L(-1)) in Met(+)Hcy(-), P<0.01], the decline in the percentage of G(0)G(1) phase cells (0.69 +/- 0.24 in Met(-)Hcy(+) vs 0.80 +/- 0.18 in Met(+)Hcy(-), P<0.01) and the increase of S cells (0.24 +/- 0.20 in Met(-)Hcy(+) vs 0.17 +/- 0.16 in Met(+)Hcy(-), P<0.01); however, gastric mucosal cells grew normally. If Met(-)Hcy(+) medium was used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs, the number of surviving gastric cancer cells dropped significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human primary gastric cancer cells in vitro are Met-dependent; however, gastric mucosal cells have not shown the same characteristics. Met(-)Hcy(+) environment may strengthen the killing effect of chemotherapy on human primary gastric cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, 197 Ruijiner Road, Shanghai 200025, China. fische@citiz.net
authors.forename: Wei-Xin
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jing-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Xu-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Zheng-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hao-Ran
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yan-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008715:Methionine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D008715:Methionine