title: African trypanosomes activate human fetal brain cells to proliferation and IFN-gamma production.
abstract: We addressed the host-parasite interplay and the immunopathogenetic events occurring in the central nervous system (CNS) during human African trypanosomiasis. Human first trimester forebrain cells were stimulated with a trypanosome lymphocyte-triggering factor (TLTF) and studied for their immune response as exemplified by cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production. TLTF induced proliferation of human first trimester forebrain cells and IFN-gamma production at the mRNA and protein levels. Astrocytes are the major producers of IFN-gamma in response toTLTE These data illustrated for the first time a direct effect of a parasite factor on human brain cells. TargetingTLTF during the course of the disease may be considered in preventing the deadly neurological complications of human African trypanosomiasis. NeuroReport
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: Moiz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakhiet
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamadien
authors.forename: Annelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjernlund
authors.forename: Alyaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mousal
authors.forename: Ake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seiger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000502:physiology*; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C107172:T lymphocyte triggering factor, Trypanosoma brucei; D007371:Interferon-gamma