title: Postoperative muscle paralysis after rocuronium: less residual block when acceleromyography is used.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Residual muscle paralysis after anesthesia is common after pancuronium, but less common following the intermediate-acting drugs vecuronium and atracurium. Therefore, many anesthetists do not monitor neuromuscular function when using an intermediate-acting agent. The purpose of this prospective, randomised and double-blind study was to establish the incidence and degree of postoperative residual block following the use of rocuronium in patients not monitored with a nerve stimulator, and to compare it with results obtained in patients monitored using acceleromyography (AMG).
  
  
  METHODS
  During propofol/opioid anesthesia, 120 adult patients were randomised to two groups, one monitored with AMG, the other using only clinical criteria without a nerve stimulator. Postoperatively, TOF-ratio was measured with mechanomyography; a TOF-ratio < 0.80 indicated residual muscle paralysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residual muscle paralysis was found in 10 patients in the group without neuromuscular monitoring (16.7%) (95% confidence interval, 12-21%) and in two patients in the AMG-monitored group (3%) (95% CI, 0-8%); (P = 0.029, Fisher's exact test). Time from end of surgery to tracheal extubation was significantly longer in the AMG-monitored group (12.5 min) than in the group not monitored with AMG (10 min).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical evaluation of recovery of neuromuscular function does not exclude significant residual paralysis following the intermediate-acting muscle relaxant rocuronium, but the problem of residual block can be minimized by use of AMG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. mgatke@rh.dk
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gätke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viby-Mogensen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosenstock
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Skovgaard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000732:Androstanols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D009213:Myography / Q000379:methods*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077123:Rocuronium; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D000077123:Rocuronium