title: The Stat5-RARalpha fusion protein represses transcription and differentiation through interaction with a corepressor complex.
abstract: The transcription factor Stat5 mediates the cellular response to activation of multiple cytokine receptors involved in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Recently, the human Stat5 gene was found to be translocated to the RARalpha gene in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia indicating that Stat5 might also play a role in cellular transformation. We investigated the mechanism by which Stat5 might exert this function and studied the biochemical and cellular functions of fusion proteins comprising Stat5 and RARalpha. The expression of Stat5-RARalpha causes the transcriptional repression of gene transcription, a process that requires the coiled-coil domain of Stat5 (amino acid positions 133-333). Oligomerization of this domain in the Stat5-RARalpha fusion protein leads to stable binding of the corepressor SMRT independent of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) stimulation and is accompanied by an impaired response to differentiation signals in hematopoietic cells. This inhibitory effect on myeloid differentiation cannot be overcome by simultaneous coexpression of RARalpha. We conclude that Stat5 is capable of interacting with a corepressor complex that alters the pattern of corepressor binding to RARalpha and its dissociation in response to ATRA stimulation, leading to enhanced repressor activity and a block of hematopoietic differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Biomedical Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. a.maurer@em.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: Alexander B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heinzel
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruthardt
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Groner
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grez
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; C539130:NCOR2 protein, human; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; C000607071:RARA protein, human; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C456500:STAT5-RARalpha protein, human; C494095:STAT5B protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014212:Tretinoin