[Assessment of iodine content of dietary salt in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)].
Côte d'Ivoire is one of the countries engaged in the strategy of universal salt iodization set up to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. However, no systematic monitoring of iodine content of salt has been performed up to now. Therefore, a survey was conducted on a random sample of 400 households in the Marcory district of Abidjan in order to study consumers' behaviour regarding the purchase and storage of salt, and to determine the iodine content of dietary salt. The proportioning of iodine was carried out by the titrimetric method. The salt consumed in the homes was bought at the market, the shop, the supermarket or was delivered at residence by a hawker in the proportions of 82.8%, 10.3%, 6.3%, and 0.8%, respectively. At the warehouse, the salt purchased was packaged into bags of 25 kg for 0.5% of homes. 1% of homes bought salt in tins. 9.5% of homes bought their salt in sachets. Most homes (89%) replenished their stock in bulk from the market. Laboratory analyses showed that all salt samples were iodised. The average content of iodine in salt was 52.74 ppm with a standard deviation of 32.56. We observed that in 23.3% of households the iodine content of salt was weak (< 30 ppm). Contents higher than the upper limit of normality (30-50 ppm) were found in 44.8% of cases. The level of iodine was adequate for 32% of households. The major risk to which the population is exposed is the outbreak of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism (IIH) despite the fact that the Abidjan area is not naturally deprived of iodine. The risk is even more significant in the goitre endemic zone of the western and northern areas of the country, because these regions receive the same salt as Abidjan. From this arises the need for setting up an effective system of controlling the iodine content in dietary salt to continuously adjust it, taking into consideration the minimum needs of the population.
Adou
Pierre
P
Laboratoire de nutrition, Institut national de santé publique, BP V 47, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. adoupier@hotmail.com
Aka
David
D
Aké
Michèle
M
Koffi
Marcel
M
Tébi
Ambroise
A
Diarra-Nama
Alimata Jeanne
AJ
D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*
D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C034024:iodized salt; D007455:Iodine
Evaluation de la teneur en iode du sel alimentaire à Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).