title: [Clinical and pathological characteristics of heroin spongiform leukoencephalopathy in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the clinical, image and pathological characteristics of Heroin Spongiform Leukoencephalopathy(HSLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, CT and MRI analysis of 28 cases, brain autopsies of 2 cases and brain biopsies of 8 cases with HE, Loyez and Congo Red staining and observation through electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinic, image and pathologic characteristics of HSLE: (1) the history of inhalation of heated heroin vapor; (2) among 28 cases with HSLE, recurrence of HSLE was found in 17 cases during the abstinence, in 8 cases 1-2 month after abstinence, in 2 cases 4 month after abstinence and in 1 case after inhaling large amount of heroin; (3) the majority of cases were described with the acute onset characterized by cerebellar signs; (4) pyramidal tract lesion was frequently involved, but sensory system usually remained normal; (5) CSF test was normal; (6) CT and MRI revealed extensive symmetric white matter lesions in cerebra and cerebellum; (7) spongiform vacuoles degeneration of white matter was the main morphological change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spongiform leukoencephalopathy may be considered if a patient who had a history of inhaling heated heroin vapor showed acute cerebellar signs. Spongiform vacuoles degeneration of cerebral white matter was the main pathological change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000473:pathology