title: Yield of continued monthly sputum evaluation among tuberculosis patients after culture conversion.
abstract: METHODS
  New York City.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the yield of continued monthly sputum monitoring after culture conversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of tuberculosis patients verified between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 1996 who had: 1) pulmonary tuberculosis with organisms susceptible to isoniazid and rifampin; 2) culture conversion; and 3) completed therapy. We assessed time to smear and culture conversion and number of persons who developed a positive culture after culture conversion (culture reversion).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1440 patients, 379 were cared for by tuberculosis control program providers and 1061 were cared for by other providers; 813 (56%) were initially smear-positive. After the fifth month, 44 (5.3%) were smear-positive; four of these were culture-positive. Eighteen (1.3%) had culture reversions; eight were smear-positive. Excluding one specimen per patient collected at treatment completion, 7967 sputum samples were collected after culture conversion. The minimum estimated cost per culture reversion detected was $26,557.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continued monthly monitoring of sputum after culture conversion identified a very small number of patients who had culture reversion. However, patients who cannot tolerate or adhere to a standard regimen may need continued monitoring to assess response to treatment. For all patients a specimen should be collected at the end of treatment to document cure.
authors.affiliation: New York City Department of Health, Tuberculosis Control Program, New York 10007, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sundaram
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Driver
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Osahan
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Munsiff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012698:Serologic Tests; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin