title: Farnesylpyridinium, an analog of isoprenoid farnesol, induces apoptosis but suppresses apoptotic body formation in human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
abstract: 1-Farnesylpyridinium (FPy), an analog of isoprenoid farnesol, initially induced morphological changes similar to those of typical apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells but FPy-treated cells were characterized by the absolute absence of final apoptotic events such as fragmentation into apoptotic bodies. FPy-induced cell death was considered to be apoptotic on the basis of the induction of DNA fragmentation and the protection against these events by the coaddition of a pan-caspase inhibitor. The increase in the cytoplasmic cytochrome c level supported the possibility that FPy-treated cells should have the ability to complete the entire apoptotic process ending in cell fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. At concentrations too low to induce apoptosis, FPy could suppress the induction of apoptotic body formation in HL-60 cells by typical inducers of apoptosis such as actinomycin D or anisomycin. FPy exhibited a cytochalasin-like effect on spatial arrangement of actin filament independent of its apoptosis-inducing activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio- and Geoscience, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Kyo-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Matsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doe
authors.forename: Yoshinosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Usuki
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005204:Farnesol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C453495:farnesylpyridinium; C024794:dihydrocytochalasin B; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D005204:Farnesol; D004247:DNA