title: A simple guide to determine the magnification of radiographs and to improve the accuracy of preoperative templating.
abstract: Templates are used in the preoperative planning of many orthopaedic procedures. The magnification of the bones on preoperative radiographs can vary despite using standardised radiological techniques. Templates will give misleading measurements unless this magnification is quantified. A coin may be used to calculate the magnification, with significant improvement in the accuracy of templating (p = 0.05). A group of patients undergoing uncemented arthroplasty of the hip was at high risk for intraoperative fracture of the femur because the magnification of the radiograph was larger than that of the template.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Unit, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge University, England, UK.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hallett
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011859:Radiography