title: Staphylococcus aureus superantigens and airway disease.
abstract: Twenty-five percent of the population are permanent carriers of Staphylococcus aureus, possibly producing a variety of toxins with superantigenic properties. Staphylococcal superantigens are a group of high- molecular-weight pyrogenic proteins that have in common an extremely potent stimulatory activity for T-lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, and epithelial cells. The role of staphylococcal superantigens in atopic dermatitis has recently been recognized, and new evidence suggests that similar mechanisms may also be relevant in airway disease. This circumstantial evidence is currently limited to rhinitis, sinusitis, and possibly asthma, but may, if supported, open a new understanding of pathomechanisms and therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Belgium. claus.bachert@rug.ac.be
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachert
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gevaert
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Cauwenberge
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000382:microbiology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D018089:Superantigens