title: From patenting genes to proteins: the search for utility via function.
abstract: The debate regarding the patenting of genes has extended into the post-genome era. With only approximately 35000 genes deduced from the draft sequence of the human genome, there are fears that a few companies have already gained monopoly on the potential benefits from this knowledge. Nevertheless, it is accepted that proteins determine gene function and function is not readily predicted from gene sequence. Furthermore, genes can encode multiple proteins and a single protein can have multiple functions. Here, we argue that unraveling the intrinsic complexity of proteins and their functions is the key towards determining the utility requirement for patenting protein inventions and consider the possible socioeconomic impact.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ilag
authors.forename: Leodegario M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ilag
authors.forename: Leodevico L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ilag
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA; D016520:Entrepreneurship / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards; D005060:Europe; D006077:Government Agencies; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D010067:Ownership; D010330:Patents as Topic / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D011506:Proteins; D011640:Public Policy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA