title: The nuclear receptor coactivators p300/CBP/cointegrator-associated protein (p/CIP) and transcription intermediary factor 2 (TIF2) differentially regulate PKA-stimulated transcriptional activity of steroidogenic factor 1.
abstract: Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that plays essential roles in the development of endocrine organs. Steroid receptor coactivator 1 and transcription intermediary factor 2 (TIF2) belong to the p160 coactivator family that mediates transcriptional activation by several nuclear receptors, including SF-1. Here, it is reported that another of the p160 coactivators, p/CIP, interacts with SF-1 through the activation function-2 domain. Both p300/CBP/cointegrator-associated protein (p/CIP) and TIF2 potentiated SF-1-mediated transcription from two reporter gene constructs in transfected nonsteroidogenic COS-1 cells and in adrenocortical Y1 cells. PKA was shown to stimulate SF-1 transcriptional activity, and coexpression of p/CIP together with the PKA catalytic subunit stimulated SF-1-mediated transactivation even further. In contrast, PKA catalytic subunit overexpression impaired the ability of TIF2 to potentiate SF-1-dependent transcription. Activation of PKA also inhibited the TIF2-mediated coactivation of other nuclear receptors such as PPAR alpha/-gamma and liver X receptor-alpha. The TIF2 mRNA levels were not affected by PKA, but instead we found that PKA activation led to a decrease in the levels of TIF2 protein. Moreover, the C-terminal activation domain 2 of TIF2 was required for the inhibitory effect of PKA, suggesting that this region is the target for the PKA-mediated down-regulation. Thus, in contrast to the regulation of p/CIP and steroid receptor coactivator 1, we suggest that activation of PKA leads to selective down-regulation of TIF2 and subsequently repression of TIF2 coactivator function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Børud
authors.forename: Tuyen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakke
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mellgren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae; D019556:COS Cells; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D015398:Signal Transduction; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C498002:Ncoa2 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C515058:steroidogenic factor 1, mouse; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C538867:Ncoa3 protein, mouse; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases