Overexpression of caveolin-1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with lymph node metastasis and pathologic stage.
BACKGROUND
Caveolin-1 plays a regulatory role in several signaling pathways. Recently caveolin-1 was identified as a metastasis-related gene in prostate carcinoma. However, the clinical impact of caveolin-1 expression in esophageal carcinoma remains unknown.


METHODS
One hundred thirty surgical specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were immunohistochemically assessed for caveolin-1 expression by polyclonal antibody. Caveolin-1 immunoreactivity was correlated with patients' clinicopathologic parameters and outcome.


RESULTS
Positive caveolin-1 immunostaining was detected in 58 patients (44.6%). Positive caveolin-1 immunostaining correlated positively with pathologic stage (P = 0.029), pN (P = 0.023), and pM (P = 0.018). The overall survival rate was worse in patients with caveolin-1-positive tumors than in patients with caveolin-1-negative tumors (P = 0.0215). Univariate analyses identified caveolin-1 positivity (P = 0.0238), pT (P = 0.0002), pN (P < 0.0001), pM (P = 0.0002), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.0021), and positive surgical margin (P < 0.0001) as negative prognostic predictors. Multivariate analyses indicated that pT (P = 0.0296), pN (P = 0.0003), and a positive surgical margin (P = 0.0452) were independent prognostic factors.


CONCLUSIONS
Over-expression of caveolin-1 is associated with lymph node metastasis and a worse prognosis after surgery in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Kato
Kentaro
K
Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. katoken@med.hokudai.ac.jp
Hida
Yasuhiro
Y
Miyamoto
Masaki
M
Hashida
Hideaki
H
Shinohara
Toshiya
T
Itoh
Tomoo
T
Okushiba
Shunichi
S
Kondo
Satoshi
S
Katoh
Hiroyuki
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis
C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm