title: Change in coronary flow reserve on transthoracic Doppler echocardiography after a single high-fat meal in young healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-fat meals and elevated triglyceride levels are associated with cardiovascular disease. In recent studies of brachial artery vasoactivity, a single high-fat meal reduced endothelial function in young healthy men. It is unknown whether coronary microcirculation is affected after high-fat meals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate change in coronary flow reserve after a single high-fat meal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled interventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 young healthy men (mean age [+/-SD], 29 +/- 4 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary flow reserve was determined by using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography before and after consumption of a high-fat meal in all 15 men and before and after consumption of a low-fat meal in 5 of 15 men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary flow reserve, lipid levels, and hemodynamic characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all men, triglyceride levels increased significantly from baseline 5 hours after the high-fat meal, from 1.1 mmol/L to 2.8 mmol/L (100 mg/dL to 250 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). Average coronary flow reserve was 4.02 before and 3.30 5 hours after the high-fat meal (decrease, 18% [95% CI, 13% to 23%]). In the 5 men who received both meals, mean coronary flow reserve decreased by 0.79 after the high-fat meal and increased by 0.07 after the low-fat meal (difference, -0.86 [CI, -1.36 to -0.37]; P = 0.03). Mean triglyceride levels increased by 1.6 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) after the high-fat meal and 0.1 mmol/L (10 mg/dL) after the low-fat meal (difference, 1.5 mmol/L [CI, 0.3 to 2.7 mmol/L], 130 mg/dL [CI, 23 to 236 mg/dL]; P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary flow reserve decreased after a single high-fat meal in young healthy men. High-fat meals may be detrimental to coronary microcirculation.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. thozumi@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hozumi
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugioka
authors.forename: Aravind R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kokkirala
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teragaki
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides