Dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids similarly affect LDL size in healthy men and women.
The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the dietary fat composition on LDL peak particle diameter. Therefore, we measured LDL size by gradient gel electrophoresis in 56 (30 men, 26 women) healthy participants in a controlled dietary study. First, all participants received a baseline diet rich in saturated fat for 2 wk; they were then randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments, which contained refined olive oil [rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), n = 18], rapeseed oil [rich in MUFA and (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n = 18], or sunflower oil [rich in (n-6)-PUFA, n = 20] as the principal source of fat for 4 wk. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a small, but significant reduction in LDL size during the oil diet phase (-0.36 nm, P = 0.012), which did not differ significantly among the three groups (P = 0.384). Furthermore, affiliation with one of the three diet groups did not contribute significantly to the observed variation in LDL size (P = 0.690). In conclusion, our data indicate that dietary unsaturated fat similarly reduces LDL size relative to saturated fat. However, the small magnitude of this reduction also suggests that the composition of dietary fat is not a major factor affecting LDL size.
Kratz
Mario
M
Institute of Arteriosclerosis Research at the University of Münster, Domagkstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany. mkratz@uni-muenster.de
Gülbahçe
Esma
E
von Eckardstein
Arnold
A
Cullen
Paul
P
Cignarella
Andrea
A
Assmann
Gerd
G
Wahrburg
Ursel
U
D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010316:Particle Size
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol