title: Novel IS6110 insertion sites in the direct repeat locus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains from the St. Petersburg area of Russia and evolutionary and epidemiological considerations.
abstract: A modification of spoligotyping with primers derived from the direct repeat (DR) and IS6110 sequences was used to identify IS6110 insertions in the DR locus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains from the St. Petersburg area of Russia. Novel IS6110 insertions were identified: (i) in two epidemiologically unlinked Beijing family strains, an asymmetrical direct insertion in DR37; (ii) in a non-Beijing strain, an asymmetrical insertion in the opposite orientation in DR38; (iii) in another non-Beijing strain, a direct insertion in DR38 and one in the opposite orientation in DR14 (DR numbering is according to standard spoligotyping). Our results strengthen an observation that the DR locus structure is extremely conserved in the Beijing genotype. Asymmetrical insertions prevented detection of the adjacent spacer by standard spoligotyping. This, therefore, should be taken into consideration when similar spoligoprofiles that differ only in signals 37 and 38 are interpreted.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia. miv@IM4520.spb.edu
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mokrousov
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Narvskaya
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Limeschenko
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otten
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vyshnevskiy
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides