title: Analysis of sentinel lymph node mapping with immediate pathologic review in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy for breast carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sentinel lymph node mapping (SLNM) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy are becoming established components of therapy for selected patients with breast carcinoma. However, neoadjuvant therapy has been considered a relative contraindication to SLNM. In an effort to learn whether patients who have received preoperative chemotherapy can undergo accurate SLNM, we evaluated our experience with this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1997 to June 2000, SLNM and axillary lymph node dissection were concurrently performed in 35 patients who received preoperative chemotherapy. Mapping was performed with (99m)Tc sulfur colloid only in one patient and Lymphazurin dye only in 15 patients, and the two methods were combined in the remainder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLNM successfully identified a sentinel lymph node in 30 (86%) patients. Metastatic disease was identified in the sentinel lymph nodes of four patients during surgery. The intraoperative pathologic diagnosis proved to be correct in 19 (79%) of 24 patients. The final pathologic diagnosis of the sentinel lymph node reflected the status of the axillary contents in all patients in whom it was identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that SLNM can be consistently performed in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer, suggesting the utility of this technique in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA. millerar@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Virginia E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Thomason
authors.forename: I-Tien
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alrahwan
authors.forename: Francis E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Morton S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kahlenberg
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Anatolio B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Cruz
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D018579:Patient Selection; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents