title: Octreotide versus hydrocortisone versus placebo in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Octreotide is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic secretion, and corticosteroids suppress humoral and cellular activity. Both agents may reduce the frequency of post-ERCP pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of octreotide and hydrocortisone in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred fifty-four patients were entered in to a multicenter randomized controlled trial of 100 microg subcutaneous octreotide (Group 1) versus 100 mg intravenous hydrocortisone (Group 2) versus normal saline solution as placebo (Group 3). All medications were administered approximately 30 minutes before the procedure. Patients were assessed clinically and serum amylase was also measured before the procedure and 3, 12, and 24 hours after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred forty patients were included in the analysis. Pancreatitis was observed in 11 of 112 patients (9.8%) in Group 1, 8 of 113 (7.1%) patients in Group 2, and in 15 of 115 (13.0%) patients in Group 3 (p = 0.32). The mean length of hospitalization in days was similar in all 3 groups: mean (SD) for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 3.6 (1.6) versus 2.9 (0.6) versus 4.3 (1.8) (p = 0.13). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that number of pancreatic injections, suspicion of sphincter dysfunction, therapeutic procedure, and age were risk factors for pancreatitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this trial indicate that octreotide and hydrocortisone do not prevent ERCP-induced pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos General Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Spilios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manolakopoulos
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avgerinos
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vlachogiannakos
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armonis
authors.forename: Nicolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viazis
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.forename: Nikoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mathou
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stefanidis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rekoumis
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vienna
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tzourmakliotis
authors.forename: Sotirios A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Raptis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D000681:Amylases; D015282:Octreotide; D006854:Hydrocortisone