title: Introduction of new clones of penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in Hong Kong.
abstract: Analysis of penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) isolates in Hong Kong by use of a combination of antibiogram typing, serotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated that the dissemination of PNSP was the result of the spread of international clones: variants of the Spain(23F)-1 or Spain(6B)-2 clones were the predominant PNSP isolates from 1994 to 1997 and remained so, but Taiwan(19F)-14 and Taiwan serotype 6B clones were disseminated in Hong Kong in 1999 and 2000. Concomitant changes in antibiotic susceptibility profiles, with the rate of susceptibility to chloramphenicol rising from 10% in the period from 1994 to 1997 to 31% (P < 0.001) in 1999 and 2000, were noted to accompany the shift of clones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. margaretip@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Raymond W H
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.forename: Lily
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Augustine F B
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002701:Chloramphenicol