Structure and function of aggrecan.
Aggrecan is the major proteoglycan in the articular cartilage. This molecule is important in the proper functioning of articular cartilage because it provides a hydrated gel structure (via its interaction with hyaluronan and link protein) that endows the cartilage with load-bearing properties. It is also crucial in chondroskeletal morphogenesis during development. Aggrecan is a multimodular molecule expressed by chondrocytes. Its core protein is composed of three globular domains (G1, G2, and G3) and a large extended region (CS) between G2 and G3 for glycosaminoglycan chain attachment. G1 comprises the amino terminus of the core protein. This domain has the same structural motif as link protein. Functionally, the G1 domain interacts with hyaluronan acid and link protein, forming stable ternary complexes in the extracellular matrix. G2 is homologous to the tandem repeats of G1 and of link protein and is involved in product processing. G3 makes up the carboxyl terminus of the core protein. It enhances glycosaminoglycan modification and product secretion. Aggrecan plays an important role in mediating chondrocyte-chondrocyte and chondrocyte-matrix interactions through its ability to bind hyaluronan.
Kiani
Chris
C
Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.
Chen
Liwen
L
Wu
Yao Jiong
YJ
Yee
Albert J
AJ
Yang
Burton B
BB
D053674:Aggrecans; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008954:Models, Biological; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D000099249:Proteoglycan Link Protein
D053674:Aggrecans; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011506:Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D000099249:Proteoglycan Link Protein