title: Research involving human subjects: ethics and law in early 20th century Russia.
abstract: This paper reports on the ethical and legal basis of human subjects research in Russia in the first half of the twentieth century, a part of medical history that does not appear previously to have been described. It now seems that both Russia and Germany had regulations before World War II, unlike the UK or US.
authors.affiliation: Russian National Ethics Committee, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kubar
mesh_terms: D033161:Government Regulation; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006805:Human Experimentation / Q000266:history* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D012426:Russia; D014586:USSR