title: A putative pheromone receptor gene is expressed in two distinct olfactory organs in goats.
abstract: Mammals possess two anatomically and functionally distinct olfactory systems. The olfactory epithelium (OE) detects volatile odorants, while the vomeronasal organ (VNO) detects pheromones that elicit innate reproductive and social behavior within a species. In rodent VNO, three multigene families that encode the putative pheromone receptors, V1Rs, V2Rs and V3Rs, have been expressed. We have identified the V1R homologue genes from goat genomic DNA (gV1R genes). Deduced amino acid sequences of gV1R genes show 40-50% and 20-25% identity to those of rat and mouse V1R and V3R genes, respectively, suggesting that the newly isolated goat receptor genes are members of the V1R gene family. One gene (gV1R1 gene) has an open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 309 amino acids. It is expressed not only in VNO but also in OE. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that gV1R1 -expressing cells were localized in neuropithelial layers of VNO and OE. These results suggest that the goat may detect pheromone molecules through two distinct olfactory organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrastructural Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Kazumori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagino-Yamagishi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D006041:Goats; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019147:Vomeronasal Organ / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers