title: Urinary incontinence: a classification system and treatment protocols for the primary care provider.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide nurse practitioners (NPs) with an objective system for classification of urinary incontinence and protocols for treating the condition in the primary care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical practice guidelines and the author's clinical experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By using tables of classifications of urinary incontinence, management strategies, and protocols, NPs can successfully manage mild urinary incontinence in primary care settings in a cost-effective manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A thorough history and objective classification of the severity of incontinence provides the framework for treating urinary incontinence in a methodical and effective manner.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Lutheran University, School of Nursing, Tacoma, WA 98447, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000145:classification* / Q000628:therapy*; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens