title: Cytoprotective role of taurine in a renal epithelial cell culture model.
abstract: Taurine (TAU) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that has been shown to decrease during aging and is believed to be important for cytoprotection. A decrease in TAU could exacerbate the accumulation of free radical-induced damage that may lead to cell death during the aging process. We have shown previously that TAU directly inhibits dopamine (DA) and (-)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-dopa) oxidation. Experiments were conducted to establish a cytoprotective role for TAU. Porcine renal epithelial cells were treated for 1 hr with iron and catecholamines (L-dopa and DA) to produce cytotoxicity by a free radical and quinone mechanism in the absence and presence of 10 or 20mM TAU. Viability assays, protein, and DNA measurements were performed after a 24hr recovery period. In some experiments, cells were extracted immediately after the insult for DA and TAU content measurements using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Catecholamine-induced cytotoxicity caused a 50% loss in cell viability, and 10 or 20mM TAU provided significant protection from cytotoxicity and maintained the functional integrity of the cells. Photomicrographs showed attenuation in cell loss and swelling in the presence of TAU. Pretreatment with 1mM TAU followed by exposure to iron and L-dopa in the presence of 1mM TAU caused a moderate but non-significant increase in cell survival. These data conclusively show that TAU can play a cytoprotective role in the LLC-PK(1) cell culture model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. barbel.eppler@nanosphere.net
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eppler
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology*; D007980:Levodopa / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013654:Taurine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D013654:Taurine; D007980:Levodopa