title: Functional analysis of structural genes for NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Co-consumption of formate by aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7D led to an increased biomass yield relative to cultures grown on glucose as the sole carbon and energy substrate. In this respect, this strain differed from two previously investigated S. cerevisiae strains, in which formate oxidation did not lead to an increased biomass yield on glucose. Enzyme assays confirmed the presence of a formate-inducible, cytosolic and NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase. To investigate whether this enzyme activity was entirely encoded by the previously reported FDH1 gene, an fdh1Delta null mutant was constructed. This mutant strain still contained formate dehydrogenase activity and remained capable of co-consumption of formate. The formate dehydrogenase activity in the mutant was demonstrated to be encoded by a second structural gene for formate dehydrogenase (FDH2) in S. cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7D. FDH2 was highly homologous to FDH1 and consisted of a fusion of two open reading frames (ORFs) (YPL275w and YPL276w) reported in the S. cerevisiae genome databases. Sequence analysis confirmed that, in the database genetic background, the presence of two single-nucleotide differences led to two truncated ORFs rather than the full-length FDH2 gene present in strain CEN.PK 113-7D. In the latter strain background an fdh1Deltafdh2Delta double mutant lacked formate dehydrogenase activity and was unable to co-consume formate. Absence of formate dehydrogenase activity did not affect growth on glucose as sole carbon source, but led to a reduced biomass yield on glucose-formate mixtures. These findings are consistent with a role of formate dehydrogenase in the detoxification of exogenous formate.
authors.affiliation: Kluyver Laboratory of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, NL-2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Karin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Overkamp
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kötter
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van der Hoek
authors.forename: Sung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schoondermark-Stolk
authors.forename: Marijke A H
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Luttik
authors.forename: Johannes P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Dijken
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pronk
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005561:Formates / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005796:Genes; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005561:Formates; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C030544:formic acid; C499416:FDH1 protein, S cerevisiae; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases