title: Ecological responses to recent climate change.
abstract: There is now ample evidence of the ecological impacts of recent climate change, from polar terrestrial to tropical marine environments. The responses of both flora and fauna span an array of ecosystems and organizational hierarchies, from the species to the community levels. Despite continued uncertainty as to community and ecosystem trajectories under global change, our review exposes a coherent pattern of ecological change across systems. Although we are only at an early stage in the projected trends of global warming, ecological responses to recent climate change are already clearly visible.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geobotany, University of Hannover, Nienburger Str. 17, 30167 Hannover, Germany. walther@geobotanik.uni-hannover.de
authors.forename: Gian-Reto
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Convey
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parmesan
authors.forename: Trevor J C
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Beebee
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fromentin
authors.forename: Ove
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hoegh-Guldberg
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bairlein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002980:Climate; D004463:Ecology; D004777:Environment; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants