title: 1H detected (13)C echo planar imaging.
abstract: Cyclic J cross polarisation (CYCLCROP) is a sensitive method for the noninvasive monitoring of (13)C distributions and fluxes. The PRAWN rotating frame Hartmann-Hahn mixing sequence ameliorates problems associated with sensitivity to Hartmann-Hahn mismatch and reduces RF power deposition. The combination of CYCLCROP with echo planar imaging (EPI) for spatial encoding of the proton detected carbon signal allows efficient use of the available signal to be made, permitting a significant improvement in the temporal resolution of any study. We report here on some initial experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of echo planar proton detected (13)C imaging using CYCLCROP based upon the PRAWN module, including the application of the technique to the measurement of transport and accumulation of (13)C-labelled sucrose in a castor bean seedling. Two methods that can be used to eliminate the effect of the J-splitting in the EP images are presented. In addition, a fast, image-based B(1) field-mapping method which may be used to quantitatively map the low frequency RF field in a dual resonant ((13)C/(1)H) probe is presented. The technique utilises the above described imaging method, permitting fully quantitative, 64x64 axial field maps to be generated in about a minute.
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alex M J
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Köckenberger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heidenreich
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chandrakumar
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimmich
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bowtell
mesh_terms: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002367:Ricinus communis; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006859:Hydrogen; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011846:Radio Waves; D013395:Sucrose
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D013395:Sucrose; D006859:Hydrogen