title: Aerosol delivery of PEI-p53 complexes inhibits B16-F10 lung metastases through regulation of angiogenesis.
abstract: Inhibition of pulmonary metastases poses a difficult clinical challenge for current therapeutic regimens. We have developed an aerosol system utilizing a cationic polymer, polyethyleneimine (PEI), for topical gene delivery to the lungs as a novel approach for treatment of lung cancer. Using a B16-F10 murine melanoma model in C57BL/6 mice, we previously demonstrated that aerosol delivery of PEI-p53 DNA resulted in highly significant reductions in the tumor burden (P < .001) in treated animals, and also lead to about 50% increase in the mean length of survival of the mice-bearing B16-F10 lung tumors. The mechanisms of this antitumor effect of p53 are investigated in this report. Here, we demonstrate that the p53 transfection leads to an up-regulation of the antiangiogenic factor thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in the lung tissue and the serum of the mice. Furthermore, there is a down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the lung tissue and serum of the B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice treated with PEI-p53 DNA complexes, compared with untreated tumor-bearing animals. In addition, staining for von Willebrand factor (vWF), a marker for the angiogenic blood vessels, revealed that p53 treatment leads to a decrease in the angiogenic phenotype of the B16-F10 tumors. Immunohistochemistry for transgene expression reveals that the PEI-p53 aerosol complexes transfect mainly the epithelial cells lining the airways, with diffuse transfection in the alveolar lining cells, as well as, the tumor foci in the lung tissue. There was also some evidence of apoptosis in the lung tumor foci of animals treated with p53. The data suggest that aerosol delivery of PEI-p53 complexes leads to inhibition of B16-F10 lung metastases, in part by suppression of angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Densmore
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Melton
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Golunski
authors.forename: J Clifford
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Waldrep
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000556:secondary; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D004247:DNA; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase