title: Nep1p (Emg1p), a novel protein conserved in eukaryotes and archaea, is involved in ribosome biogenesis.
abstract: The essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene YLR186w [ NEP1 (nucleolar essential protein 1), also recently named EMG1 (essential for mitotic growth 1)] is highly conserved in eukaryotes and archaea. In S. cerevisiae, Nep1p is localized in the nucleus with a rod-shaped morphology, which first suggested a spindle/microtubule association for ScNEP1 (S. cerevisiae NEP1). However, in Candida albicans and in HeLa cells, Nep1p is a protein of the nucleoli. CaNEP1 (C. albicans NEP1) and HsNEP1 (Homo sapiens NEP1) heterologously complement the essential phenotype in a S. cerevisiae nep1 deletion mutant. However, the ScNEP1 spindle/microtubule phenotype is not found with HsNEP1 and CaNEP1, which shows that the spindle/microtubule association is specific for ScNep1p and that it is not the primary essential function of Nep1p. A temperature-sensitive ScNEP1 (ts1) allele was isolated and revealed a strongly increased sensitivity to paromomycin, a translational inhibitor which binds to RNA, indicating that ribosome biogenesis within the nucleolus is probably affected. This was confirmed by polysome profile and ribosomal subunit analysis, showing a ribosomal subunit imbalance with a decrease in 40S subunits, due to reduced amounts of native 18S rRNA. Furthermore, ScSAM2, encoding S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, was isolated as a multicopy-suppressor of the ScNEP1 (ts1) mutant allele and medium supplementation with S-adenosylmethionine restored its growth. For the first time, these results identified a novel protein with an essential function in ribosomal biogenesis which directly or indirectly interferes with a methylation reaction during the early steps of pre-rRNA processing necessary for the generation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 9, 60439 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eschrich
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buchhaupt
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kötter
authors.forename: Karl-Dieter
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Entian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001105:Archaea; D001483:Base Sequence; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C444457:EMG1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins