title: Antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmids from Escherichia coli isolated from rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if antimicrobial resistance occurs in E. coli isolated from rats and if this resistance is transferable via plasmids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty Escherichia coli isolates obtained from 215 rats trapped in and around Nairobi, Kenya, were analysed for antimicrobial susceptibility to eleven commonly used antimicrobials. Plasmid DNA analysis and in-vitro conjugation tests were conducted on twenty two resistant isolates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 12 (20%) E. coli were resistant to at least one of the commonly used drugs including ampicillin, sulphamethoxazole and streptomycin. Eight (13.3%) isolates were multidrug resistant. The drug resistant E. coli fell into five plasmid profile groups with plasmids ranging between two and 98 megadaltons (Mda). Resistance to ampicillin was transferable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study show that rats from the study area may form an important reservoir for drug-resistant E. coli that could pose a public health hazard.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Gakuya
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Kyule
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Gathura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007630:Kenya; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats / Q000382:microbiology*