title: African swine fever: Expression of interleukin-1 alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha by pulmonary intravascular macrophages.
abstract: To determine, in the acute form of African swine fever (ASF), the relationship between the appearance of pulmonary oedema and viral replication and expression of cytokines by pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), 14 pigs were inoculated intramuscularly with ASF virus (strain España'70) and killed in pairs on days 1-7 post-inoculation. Samples of lung were examined immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. The immunohistochemical study was carried out with antibodies against interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), viral antigen of ASF (Vp73) and a myeloid marker (SWC3). Viral replication was observed mainly in PIMs, which at the same time showed intense activation, accompanied by the expression of IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha. The occurrence of interstitial oedema, neutrophil sequestration and fibrin microthrombi in septal capillaries coincided with high degrees of cytokine expression by infected PIMs. Alveolar macrophages did not show a significant change in cytokine expression as a result of ASF infection, and viral replication was detected in only a low percentage of these cells.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carrasco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Salguero
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Díaz San Segundo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Cordón
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gómez-Villamandos
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sierra
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000357:African Swine Fever / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000358:African Swine Fever Virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D022083:Cytoplasmic Structures / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014764:Viral Proteins