title: Estimation of an errors-in-variables regression model when the variances of the measurement errors vary between the observations.
abstract: It is common in the analysis of aggregate data in epidemiology that the variances of the aggregate observations are available. The analysis of such data leads to a measurement error situation, where the known variances of the measurement errors vary between the observations. Assuming multivariate normal distribution for the 'true' observations and normal distributions for the measurement errors, we derive a simple EM algorithm for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the multivariate normal distributions. The results also facilitate the estimation of regression parameters between the variables as well as the 'true' values of the observations. The approach is applied to re-estimate recent results of the WHO MONICA Project on cardiovascular disease and its risk factors, where the original estimation of the regression coefficients did not adjust for the regression attenuation caused by the measurement errors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland. sangita.kulathinal@ktl.fi
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kulathinal
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuulasmaa
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gasbarra
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors