title: Modulatory effect of phenolic fractions of Terminalia arjuna on the mutagenicity in Ames assay.
abstract: We determined the antimutagenicity of phenolic fractions of Terminalia arjuna (soluble and insoluble in chloroform) against two direct-acting mutagens, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPD) and sodium azide, and against the S9-dependent mutagen 2-aminofluorene (2AF), in TA98 and TA100 tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium. We found that the phenolic fractions of T. arjuna inhibited revertants induced by the S9-dependent mutagen more remarkably than the direct-acting mutagens. Furthermore, the phenolic fractions showed maximum inhibition of 98% and 101.55%, respectively, in the pre-incubation mode of treatment against the mutations induced by 2AF. Overall, the fractions inhibited the revertants induced by S9-dependent mutagens more effectively than those induced by direct-acting mutagens. The percentage of inhibition was higher in the pre-incubation than with direct acting mutagens. The fraction insoluble in chloroform showed more inhibition than the soluble one, which corresponds to a higher polyphenol content in the insoluble fraction than in the soluble extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botanical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India. kamal_rajput@usa.net
authors.forename: Kamaljit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Saroj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Subodh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagpal
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000633:toxicity*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010636:Phenols; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D012997:Solvents; C012277:1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene; D019810:Sodium Azide