title: Obesity in transplant patients: case report showing interference of orlistat with absorption of cyclosporine and review of literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of an obese patient who had undergone renal transplantation and who had subtherapeutic levels of serum cyclosporine after treatment with orlistat.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical and laboratory findings are presented, and the few cases reported in the literature are reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 29-year-old woman had subtherapeutic plasma levels of cyclosporine after orlistat treatment (360 mg/day) was initiated. The subtherapeutic levels persisted even though orlistat was administered the recommended 2 hours before ingestion of cyclosporine and even though the dosage of orlistat was decreased to only 240 mg/day. Because an increase of body weight is common after organ transplantation, treatment with orlistat has been used. In such patients, however, six cases of reduced therapeutic plasma levels of cyclosporine have been reported. Although a drug-drug interaction has been suggested, this case suggests that the decreased plasma cyclosporine levels are due to reduced absorption of fats rather than a drug-drug interaction. Because this patient was unable to adhere to a low-fat diet, she experienced severe diarrhea, a factor that may have dramatically diminished the absorption of cyclosporine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adherence to a low-fat diet should be strongly recommended if orlistat is prescribed to patients taking cyclosporine. Moreover, strict surveillance of the plasma concentration of cyclosporine is important.
authors.affiliation: Sezione Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Malattie Metaboliche, Spedali Riuniti, Azienda U.S.L. n6 di Livorno, Livorno, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barbaro
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orsini
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pallini
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pasquini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007783:Lactones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077403:Orlistat; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000601:surgery; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007783:Lactones; D016572:Cyclosporine; D000077403:Orlistat