title: Psychosocial response to disaster: the attacks on the Stark and the Cole.
abstract: The terrorist attack on the USS Cole on 12 October 2000 was remarkably similar to the 1987 attack on the USS Stark. This article discusses the psychosocial consequences of the attacks on the families and crews of the ships and the community response of the Navy to the attacks, particularly that of the Navy Family Service Centers. The impact of the attacks is compared to the impact of natural and man-made disasters on communities while the impact on the crew is examined in light of combat psychiatry and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Events such as these are very likely to produce PTSD despite early intervention efforts. Following the attack on the Stark greater attention was given to the grief of family members than to the trauma of the crew, while the crew of the Cole has received longer-term psychiatric assistance than in previous similar episodes.
authors.affiliation: Family Psychiatric Services, Sanford, FL 32771, USA. akoote@lycos.com
authors.forename: Anton F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kootte
mesh_terms: D004190:Disasters; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D006117:Grief; D006801:Humans; D019156:Indian Ocean; D007857:Leadership; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D017741:Survivors; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States; D014857:Warfare