title: Use of an artificial neural network to determine the diagnostic value of specific clinical and radiologic parameters in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease on chest radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors investigated the diagnostic value of each of multiple clinical parameters and radiologic findings in differentiating between various interstitial lung diseases by using an artificial neural network (ANN).
  
  
  METHODS
  The ANN was designed to differentiate between 11 interstitial lung diseases. The authors employed 10 clinical parameters and 16 radiologic findings that were divided into three groups (location, general appearance, specific findings). The performance of the ANN was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic analysis with amodified round-robin (leave-one-out) method and 370 cases (150 actual cases, 110 published cases, and 110 hypothetical cases). The Az values of ANNs were evaluated with various combinations of 10 clinical parameters and 16 radiologic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Az value obtained with the complete set of clinical parameters and radiologic findings was 0.947. The Az value obtained with the 10 clinical parameters alone was 0.900, which was greater than 0.843 obtained with the 16 radiologic findings alone. There were statistically significant differences among Az values for some diseases when certain clinical parameters were removed from the input. Omission of specific findings among the three groups of radiologic findings decreased the Az value significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results appear to confirm that clinical parameters can be equally as or more important than radiologic findings in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. Among radiologic findings, certain specific findings can be more important than the location or general appearance of abnormal findings.
authors.affiliation: Kurt Rossmann Laboratories for Radiologic Image Research, Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashizawa
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katsuragawa
authors.forename: Heber
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: MacMahon
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D012372:ROC Curve; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic