title: Obstetrical complications, parenting practices and risk of criminal behaviour among persons who develop major mental disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined whether socio-economic status (SES) of the family of origin, inadequate parenting, and pre and perinatal factors are antecedents of criminality among men and women who develop a major mental disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included the 82 men and 79 women from the 1953 Stockholm birth cohort who developed a major mental disorder by age 30. Information was extracted from obstetric files, health, social and work records and official criminal records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among males, neonatal complications increased the risk of offending two-fold, the risk of violent offending 2.5 times, and the risk of early start offending 3 times. Neither pregnancy or birth complications, inadequate parenting, or SES of the family of origin increased the risk for offending. Among females, none of the factors that were examined were associated with offending.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complications in the neonatal period are associated with offending among men who develop major mental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Université de Montréal and Karolinska Institute, Canada. sheilagh.hodgins@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hodgins
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kratzer
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: McNeil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data