Alternative fixation of bioprostheses.
The glutaraldehyde fixation technique for bioprosthetic tissue valves has been used for about 30 years. It is more or less generally recognized, however, that a solution to the ongoing problems of calcification and immunomodulated inflammation can only be achieved with the development of alternative fixation techniques that differ from fixation with glutaraldehyde. This review reports on the chemistry behind newly developed tissue-fixation processes and the preliminary results achieved with these.
Hendriks
M
M
Medtronic Bakken Research Center, Materials and Biosciences Center, Endepolsdomein 5, 6229 GW Maastricht, The Netherlands. marc.hendriks@medtronic.com
Everaerts
F
F
Verhoeven
M
M
D000818:Animals; D001386:Azides / Q000494:pharmacology; D001705:Bioprosthesis / Q000639:trends; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D005404:Fixatives / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000009:adverse effects; D005976:Glutaral / Q000009:adverse effects; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods*
D001386:Azides; D002234:Carbodiimides; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005404:Fixatives; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005976:Glutaral