title: Cell type-specific expression of neuropilins in an MCA-occlusion model in mice suggests a potential role in post-ischemic brain remodeling.
abstract: Neuropilin-1 and -2 (NP-1/NP-2) are transmembrane receptors that play a role in axonal guidance by binding of class III semaphorins, and in angiogenesis by binding of the vascular endothelial growth factor isoform VEGF165 and placenta growth factor (PLGF). We investigated the expression pattern of NP-1/NP-2, their co-receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and -2 (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2), and their ligands, class III semaphorins, VEGF and PLGF, following experimental cerebral ischemia in mice. By means of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry we observed loss of expression of class III semaphorins in neurons in the infarct/peri-infarct area. In contrast, we observed high expression of NP-1 in vessels, neurons, and astrocytes surrounding the infarct. VEGF and PLGF were upregulated in different cell types following stroke. Our results suggest a shift in the balance between semaphorins and VEGF/PLGF, which compete for NP-binding. Possibly, the loss of semaphorins facilitates binding of the competing ligands (VEGF/PLGF), thus inducing angiogenesis. In addition, the observed expression patterns further suggest a neurotrophic/neuroprotective role of VEGF/PLGF.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology (Edinger-institute), JWG University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Till
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Acker
authors.forename: Andreas W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Püschel
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carmeliet
authors.forename: Karl H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Plate
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C000608036:PGF protein, human; C000608037:Pgf protein, mouse; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; C488217:Sema3a protein, mouse; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1