title: Intravenous tenoxicam reduces uterine cramps after Cesarean delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postpartum uterine contraction pain is a common phenomenon after Cesarean delivery. We investigated the effectiveness of tenoxicam in reducing uterine contraction pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 120 consecutive non-breastfeeding women who were scheduled for elective Cesarean delivery. After the administration of spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and intrathecal morphine 0.15 mg injection, the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group I received placebo (normal saline) iv injection, and Group II received tenoxicam 40 mg iv injection after clamping the umbilical cord. Verbal analogue scale of wound pain and uterine contraction pain were recorded at two, four, eight,16, and 24 hr after Cesarean delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in wound pain scores between the two groups (all scores < or =3). However, the tenoxicam group had significant lower uterine contraction pain scores and required less supplemental meperidine medication than did the placebo group (8.5% vs 41.4%, P <0.05). The incidences of nausea or vomiting, pruritus, and bleeding were not significantly different between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous tenoxicam 40 mg significantly reduced the intensity of uterine cramps in patients undergoing Cesarean delivery without increasing side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shen-Kou
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chi-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mao-Hsien
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pei-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li-Kuei
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chen-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wei-Zen
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000758:Anesthesia; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; C032801:tenoxicam