title: Quality control of sputum smear examination in Cebu Province.
abstract: METHODS
  Rural Health Units (RHUs) in Cebu Province, Philippines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess and improve the on-going quality control of tuberculosis activities in Cebu Province.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the period of the study, from January 1996 to December 1997, positive slides (100% in 1996 and 20% or 100% in 1997) and 20% of negative slides selected from all of the slides examined at the RHUs were assessed on the quality of smear preparation. The readings were blindly cross-checked by the provincial assessors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 1997, 1) 90% of RHUs participated in the quality control activity; 2) the proportion of good quality smears increased markedly; and 3) the false positive and false negative rates did not change during the period, but most of the false positives were observed among the scanty positives of the field reading, and no false negatives were noted among the heavily positive slides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the false positive and negative rates did not decrease during the period, the quality control procedure resulted in marked improvements in smear preparation, a high participation of RHUs in the quality control programme and the elimination of large discrepancies between readers on positive slides in 1997. It is considered to have significantly improved the NTP's smear microscopy service in Cebu Province.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Cooperation, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Tokyo, Japan. fujiki@jata.or.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giango
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010679:Philippines; D011786:Quality Control; D012423:Rural Health; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis*