title: Inhibition of beta-estradiol on trachea smooth muscle contraction in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of beta-estradiol on trachea smooth muscle contraction in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Rabbit tracheas were incubated in organ baths filled with Krebs solution and supplied with a mixed gas of 95 % O2 and 5 % CO2. The isometric force was measured by ink-writing recorders. (2) The incubation period of asthma induced by histamine and acetylcholine (ACh) in guinea pig were measured before and after beta-estradiol (1 mg/kg) were given intramuscularly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Administration of beta-estradiol (0.1 mmol/L) caused relaxation of isolated trachea muscle strips (TMS) in rabbits pre-contracted by ACh and KCl (39 % +/- 5 % and 45 % +/- 19 %). The presence of indomethacin or methylene blue partly decreased the relaxation to beta-estradiol (26 % +/- 8 % and 28 % +/- 13 %), but Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) and propranolol and epithelium removal did not affect it (38 % +/- 10 %, 40 % +/- 15 %, 37 % +/- 8 %). beta-Estradiol can shifted the concentration-response curves of ACh and CaCl2 to the rightward (pD2 = 3.98 and 4.75). In addition, it could also significantly inhibit the contraction of phase caused by ACh, but did not affect the contraction of phase II caused by CaCl2. (2) The incubation period of asthma in guinea pig were delayed by beta-estradiol (1 mg/kg) given intramuscularly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) The relaxation of beta-estradiol in vitro was epithelium independent and associated with the inhibition of potential-dependent channel and release of Ca2+ from sarcoplasm reticulum induced by ACh. In addition, release of prostaglandins from trachea smooth muscle cells and relaxation through cGMP approach were also included. beta-Adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation was not involved. (2) beta-Estradiol can relax the trachea in vivo in guniea pig.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Lanzhou Medical College, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Jiang
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Xiang-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong-Fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tian-Zhen
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Song-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011817:Rabbits; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D006632:Histamine; D000109:Acetylcholine