title: Bisphosphonates and atherosclerosis.
abstract: Bisphosphonates are used for the treatment of bone resorption, hypercalcemia, osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Etidronate, pamidronate and clodronate also inhibit the development of experimental atherosclerosis without altering serum lipid profile. Bisphosphonates inhibit the arterial calcification, lipid accumulation and fibrosis. They accumulate extensively in arterial walls and suppress macrophages in atheromatous lesions. In macrophage cultures, bisphosphonates inhibit the cellular accumulation and degradation of atherogenic LDL-cholesterol and foam cell formation. Further, they inhibit various enzymes involved in cell signal transduction and cholesterol biosynthesis. Recently, etidronate has been shown to inhibit the thickening of carotid arterial wall even in man.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Medical School, University of Tampere, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland. ritva.ylitalo@santen.fi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ylitalo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; D002784:Cholesterol