title: Evaluation of lipid profile, macular toxicity and clinical manifestations according to APO E genotype in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with chloroquine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of APO E gene polymorphism over lipid profile, macular toxicity and clinical manifestations in RA and SLE patients treated with chloroquine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 45 RA and 29 SLE patients treated with chloroquine who were classified based on the therapeutic regime of chloroquine into three groups: A) Cumulative dose of 100-300 g, B) >300 g and C) Never received chloroquine. Clinical evaluation, fasting lipid profile, visual field testing and stereoscopic photos of the retina were performed. APO E genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduced apo B levels in RA and SLE according to the cumulative dose of chloroquine 2/3 APO E genotype in a subset of SLE patients were observed. Macular toxicity was independent of both APO E genotype and cumulative chloroquine dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced apo B levels were observed associated to chloroquine treatment and 2/3 APO E genotype.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, C.U.C.S., U. de G., México. vmebest@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Del Mercado
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Valle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bernard-Medina
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez-Bonilla
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paczka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ruiz-García
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orozco-Alcalá
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orozco-Barocio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Quezada-Arellano
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gurrola-Díaz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nuño-González
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Best-Aguilera
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chávez-Castellanos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panduro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008055:Lipids; D002738:Chloroquine; D004247:DNA