title: Endoscopically assisted reconstruction of male and female poland syndrome.
abstract: Poland syndrome produces deformities of the breast and chest wall that can be highly disfiguring in both men and women. Incisions from traditional surgical approaches can be unsightly, especially if a muscle harvest is used as part of the reconstruction. Herein is described a case series in which minimally invasive techniques were used to reconstruct defects in male and female patients with Poland syndrome. When evaluating patients with Poland syndrome, one should consider using minimally invasive techniques as an alternative reconstructive option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0340, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Borschel
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Izenberg
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Cederna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019928:Breast Implantation / Q000379:methods; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*