title: Bioremediation of toxic chromium from electroplating effluent by chromate-reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr in two bioreactors.
abstract: The chromate-reducing ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr was compared in batch culture, with cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, and with cells immobilized in an agarose-alginate film in conjunction with a rotating biological contactor. In all three systems, the maximum Cr(VI) reduction occurred at 10 mg Cr(VI)/l. Whereas at 50 mg Cr(VI)/l concentration, only 16% of the total Cr(VI) was reduced, five spikings with 10 mg chromate/l at 2-h intervals led to 96% reduction of the total input of 50 mg Cr(VI)/l. Thus maximum Cr(VI) reduction was achieved by avoiding Cr(VI) toxicity to the cells by respiking with lower Cr(VI) concentrations. At 10 mg Cr(VI)/l, the pattern of chromate reduction in dialysis-entrapped cells was almost similar to that of batch culture and 86% of the bacterially reduced chromium was retained inside the dialysis sac. In electroplating effluent containing 100 mg Cr(VI)/l, however, the amount of Cr(VI) reduced by the cells immobilized in agarose-alginate biofilm was twice and thrice the amount reduced by batch culture and cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, respectively.
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganguli
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tripathi
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002840:Chromates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D003470:Culture Media; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D004595:Electroplating; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002840:Chromates; D003470:Culture Media; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D002857:Chromium