title: Characterization of urinary symptoms in patients with ureteral stents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively assess the prevalence and bother of various urinary tract symptoms caused by indwelling ureteral stents using validated questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of 60 patients with unilateral ureteral stents. Of these, 30 patients were asked to complete the International Prostate Symptoms Score questionnaire, with additional questions on dysuria, hematuria, and loin pain. The remaining 30 patients were asked to complete the International Continence Society questionnaire. These patients were also asked to complete frequency volume charts and undergo uroflowmetry studies. The questionnaires were completed with a stent in situ and 6 weeks after its removal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-eight patients (36 men and 12 women, mean age 52.8 years) completed the study. A large proportion (80%) of patients reported one or more urinary symptoms. Analysis of the IPSS data revealed impaired global quality of life owing to these urinary symptoms. The responses to additional questions on dysuria and hematuria showed a statistically significant difference, but most International Prostate Symptoms Score questions did not. The results of the International Continence Society study identified storage symptoms, incontinence (60%), and bladder pain (80%) as important bothersome problems. The results of the frequency volume charts were in agreement with the storage symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with indwelling ureteral stents have a wide range of urinary symptoms that affect their quality of life. Storage symptoms, bladder pain, and hematuria pose a major bother. None of the existing questionnaires covered the entire range of symptoms. The results are useful in better understanding the urinary symptoms associated with stents and in providing patient counseling.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okeke
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Newns
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Keeley
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Timoney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014554:Urination; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology