title: Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis.
abstract: A rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1, known as the "green revolution gene," was isolated by positional cloning and revealed to encode gibberellin 20-oxidase, the key enzyme in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Analysis of 3477 segregants using several PCR-based marker technologies, including cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, derived-CAPS, and single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed 1 ORF in a 6-kb candidate interval. Normal-type rice cultivars have an identical sequence in this region, consisting of 3 exons (558, 318, and 291 bp) and 2 introns (105 and 1471 bp). Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen-type sd-1 mutants have a 383-bp deletion from the genome (278-bp deletion from the expressed sequence), from the middle of exon 1 to upstream of exon 2, including a 105-bp intron, resulting in a frame-shift that produces a termination codon after the deletion site. The radiation-induced sd-1 mutant Calrose 76 has a 1-bp substitution in exon 2, causing an amino acid substitution (Leu [CTC] to Phe [TTC]). Expression analysis suggests the existence of at least one more locus of gibberellin 20-oxidase which may prevent severe dwarfism from developing in sd-1 mutants.
authors.affiliation: Plant Genome Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. monna@pgcdna.co.jp
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Monna
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanji
authors.forename: Mizuho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Shinobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.forename: Yuzo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minobe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D005091:Exons; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C089210:gibberellin, 2-oxoglutarate-oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating, oxidizing)