title: Results of the treatment of locally invasive thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma usually has an excellent prognosis. However, when extrathyroidal invasion occurs, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This report presents the experience of a single institution in the treatment of patients with locally invasive, well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six patients with locally invasive well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma were diagnosed. Histopathologic types included: 28 papillary carcinoma and 18 follicular.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with exclusive invasion of the muscle or recurrent laryngeal nerve usually had complete tumor resection. Patients with tracheal, laryngeal, or esophageal invasion usually underwent shave resection. The factors that adversely affected survival were: age >45 years, preoperative diagnosis of extrathyroidal extension, and incomplete resection (p <.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were similar survival results after complete or shave resection and poor survival when the resection was incomplete. Tumors with minimal invasion can be treated by shave resection with acceptable survival and low morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro de Tratamento e Pesquisa Hospital do Câncer A. C. Camargo, Fundação Antonio Prudente, Rua Professor Antonio Prudente, 211, São Paulo, Brazil CEP 01509-010. lp_kowalski@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Luiz Paulo
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: João Gonçalves
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Filho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018265:Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome