Polymorphisms and the differential antiviral activity of the chicken Mx gene.
The nucleotide sequence of chicken Mx cDNA was reported earlier using the White Leghorn breed in Germany, but it showed no enhanced resistance to viruses. In this study, the nucleotide sequences of chicken Mx cDNA were determined in many breeds. A total of 25 nucleotide substitutions, of which 14 were deduced to cause amino acid exchanges, were detected, suggesting that the chicken Mx gene is very polymorphic. Transfected cell clones expressing chicken Mx mRNA were established after the Mx cDNA was constructed with an expression vector and introduced into mouse 3T3 cells, and the Mx genes from some breeds were demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. On the basis of the comparison among the antiviral activities associated with many Mx variations, a specific amino acid substitution at position 631 (Ser to Asn) was considered to determine the antivirally positive or negative Mx gene. Thus, a single amino acid substitution influences the antiviral activity of Mx in domesticated chickens.
Ko
Jae-Hong
JH
Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
Jin
Hee-Kyung
HK
Asano
Atsushi
A
Takada
Ayato
A
Ninomiya
Ai
A
Kida
Hiroshi
H
Hokiyama
Hironao
H
Ohara
Mutsuo
M
Tsuzuki
Masaoki
M
Nishibori
Masahide
M
Mizutani
Makoto
M
Watanabe
Tomomasa
T
D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000821:virology; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000235:genetics*; D001216:Asparagine / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000821:virology; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000254:growth & development; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012694:Serine / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000254:growth & development; D014776:Virus Cultivation
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C579070:Mx1 protein, mouse; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D012694:Serine; D001216:Asparagine; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins