title: An operative case of inferior vena cava stenosis due to fibrosis around permanent pacemaker leads.
abstract: A 56-year-old woman presented with general fatigue, dyspnea on exercise, and hepatomegaly subsequent to secondary implantation of a pacemaker. On admission, cardiac echo examination showed tricuspid valve regurgitation due to a migrated looped lead. At surgery, there was evidence of severe stenosis at both orifices of the superior and inferior vena cavae due to fibrous tissue around the leads. We removed the fibrous tissue, pacing leads, and generator. New leads were anchored onto the epicardium and a generator was inserted under the rectus muscle. The postoperative course was satisfactory and the symptoms disappeared.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi, Japan. Yasuyuki.Shimada@ma8.seikyou.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yaku
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shuntoh
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Akiyuki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashida
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000473:pathology*