title: The specific enhancement of interferon alpha induced growth inhibition by BCR/ABL only occurs in multipotent cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The causative oncogene in CML is the BCR/ABL protein tyrosine kinase. This stem cell disease is often treated with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) which can initiate haematological and cytological remission which is associated with increased survival. There is however no clear indication of why CML cells are more responsive to IFN-alpha.
  
  
  METHODS
  To establish if BCR/ABL increases the sensitivity of multipotent cells to IFN-alpha a temperature sensitive mutant of BCR/ABL was expressed in the multipotent haemopoietic stem cell line FDCP-Mix. The effect of IFN-alpha in terms of proliferation, induction of apoptosis, changes in cell cycle inhibitor proteins, and differentiation was assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation, Annexin V and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase was activated, the IFN-alpha-induced inhibition on the growth rate of the FDCP-Mix cell population was more marked than in control populations. The BCR/ABL-mediated effect was due to decreased rates of DNA synthesis. There was no IFN-alpha-mediated induction of apoptosis. This enhanced BCR/ABL mediated growth inhibition occurred over a range of growth factor concentrations and was independent of changes in p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip) levels. When FDCP-Mix cells were induced to differentiate into mature macrophages and neutrophils in the presence of IFN-alpha, there was increased sensitivity to IFN-alpha that was independent of BCR/ABL activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BCR/ABL PTK expression in this primitive multipotent haematopoietic cell line results in an enhanced response to IFN-alpha. In contrast, the more mature myeloid progenitor cells are equally responsive to this growth inhibitor. This data may explain some of the clinical effects of IFN-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Leukaemia Research Fund Cellular Development Unit, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Whetton
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spooncer
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000209:etiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl