Gene expression profile of renal proximal tubules regulated by proteinuria.
BACKGROUND
Proximal tubules activated by reabsorption of protein are thought to play significant roles in the progression of kidney diseases. Thus, identification of genes related to proteinuria should provide insights into the pathological process of tubulointerstitial fibrosis.


METHODS
Gene expression profiles were constructed by means of direct sequencing procedures to identify genes induced in the mouse kidney proximal tubules (PT) exposed to proteinuria.


RESULTS
By comparing the gene expression of control PT to that of disease model PT, the abundantly expressed genes in control PT were down-regulated presumably because of potentially toxic effects of proteinuria. From the more than 1000 up-regulated genes, an immunity related gene, thymic shared antigen-1 (TSA-1), and a novel gene, GS188, were selected for further characterization. The increased expression of TSA-1, a member of the Ly-6 family, and of GS188 in response to proteinuria was confirmed by Northern analysis, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and laser microdissection along with real-time PCR analysis. Full length cloning of GS188 identified it as a family member of LR8 that was reported to express predominantly in fibroblasts.


CONCLUSIONS
The gene expression profiles showed that the expression patterns in PT were changed dramatically by proteinuria. The profiles include novel genes that should be further characterized to aid the understanding of the pathophysiology of progressive kidney diseases.
Nakajima
Hideaki
H
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, and Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Takenaka
Masaru
M
Kaimori
Jun-Ya
JY
Nagasawa
Yasuyuki
Y
Kosugi
Atsushi
A
Kawamoto
Shouko
S
Imai
Enyu
E
Hori
Masatsugu
M
Okubo
Kousaku
K
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000235:genetics; D030161:Avian Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000502:physiology*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
D000950:Antigens, Ly; D030161:Avian Proteins; C466983:GS188 protein, mouse; C116062:LR8 protein, chicken; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C084839:thymic shared antigen-1