title: Essential role of the 58-kDa microspherule protein in the modulation of Daxx-dependent transcriptional repression as revealed by nucleolar sequestration.
abstract: Daxx has been reported to mediate the Fas/JNK-dependent signals in the cytoplasm. However, several lines of evidence have suggested that Daxx is located mainly in the nucleus and functions as a transcriptional regulator. Recent studies have further indicated that Daxx-elicited transcriptional repression can be inhibited by the nuclear body-associated promyelocytic leukemia protein and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 by sequestering Daxx to the nuclear bodies and the cytoplasm, respectively. Here, we further investigated the coordinated molecular mechanism by which Daxx function is regulated through protein-protein interaction. Using yeast two-hybrid screens to identify Daxx-interacting protein(s), three independent clones encoding the 58-kDa microspherule protein (MSP58) fragments were identified. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that Daxx interacts in vitro and in vivo with MSP58 via its NH(2)-terminal segment, which is distinct from the binding region of Fas, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, and promyelocytic leukemia protein, suggesting a unique modulatory role of MSP58 on Daxx function. Transient transfection experiments revealed that MSP58 relieves the repressor activity of Daxx in a dose-dependent manner in COS-1 and 293 cells but not in HeLa cells, implicating cell type-specific modulation of Daxx function by MSP58. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis unequivocally demonstrated that MSP58 overexpression results in a translocation of Daxx to the enlarged nucleoli in COS-1 or 293 cells, whereas Daxx exhibited a diffuse nuclear pattern in HeLa cells. Taken together, these findings delineate a network of regulatory signaling pathways that converges on MSP58/Daxx interaction, causally associating Daxx nucleolus targeting with its transcriptional activation function.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11456, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ding-Yen
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shih
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism*; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; C106985:DAXX protein, human; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C113292:MCRS1 protein, human; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins