Vaccines: predicting the risk of allergy and autoimmunity.
The field of vaccines is markedly evolving with the introduction and development of many new concepts and formulations, as well as new indications. Based on the current clinical experience, vaccines can be considered safe in most cases. Nevertheless, allergy and, to a lesser extent, autoimmunity have repeatedly been described or suspected as rare adverse consequences of human vaccines. The mechanisms of these adverse reactions are ill-elucidated, if at all. No animal models have been adequately standardized and validated to predict the risk of allergy and autoimmunity associated with vaccines. However, a number of existing models can be considered for use, but need refinement to be applied to vaccine evaluation. Finally, because the preclinical safety evaluation has not received much attention in the past, efforts should be paid to design specific and cost-effective procedures to meet the current expectations.
Descotes
J
J
Lyon Poison Centre and INSERM U503, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 69437 Cedex 03, Lyon, France. jacques.descotes@chu-lyon.fr
Ravel
G
G
Ruat
C
C
D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D014612:Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity
D014612:Vaccines