title: Assessment of radiological referral practice and effect of computer-based guidelines on radiological requests in two emergency departments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess medical emergency radiology referral practice compared with a set of French guidelines and to measure the efficiency of computer-based guidelines on unnecessary medical imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  All radiological requests were computerized in the medical emergency departments of two French teaching hospitals. During control periods, radiological requests were recorded but no action was taken. During intervention periods, reminder displays on screen indicated the appropriate recommendations. Three control and three intervention periods of 1 month each were conducted. The percentage of requests that did not conform to the guidelines and variation related to periods of control and intervention were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of requests that did not conform to the guidelines was 33.2% when the guidelines were inactive and decreased to 26.9% when the recommendations were active (P < 0.0001). The three imaging examinations (chest radiographs, abdominal plain radiographs and CT of the brain) accounted for more than 80% of all requests; more than 50% of abdominal plain radiographs requests did not conform with recommendations while this percentage was respectively 24.9% and 15.8% for chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of the brain. Seven situations accounted for 70% of non-conforming radiological referrals; in these situations, junior practitioners' knowledge was inadequate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the computer provided advice that was tailored to the needs of individual patients, concurrent with care, the effect of our intervention was weak. However, our study identified the few situations that were responsible for the majority of unnecessary radiological requests; we expect that this result could help clinicians and radiologists to develop more specific actions for these situations.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U88, Saint Maurice, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carton
authors.forename: Bertran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Auvert
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guerini
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Boulard
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Heautot
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Landre
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beauchet
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sznajderi
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brun-Ney
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chagnon
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003658:Decision Making, Computer-Assisted; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011871:Radiology; D012017:Referral and Consultation