title: [Long-term prognosis of patients with myocardial bridge and angiographic milking of the left anterior descending coronary artery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial bridging with systolic compression (milking) of the left anterior descending coronary artery may be associated with myocardial ischemia. Little information is available about the long-term prognosis of patients with this coronary anomaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review was made of coronary angiographies of patients diagnosed as ischemic heart disease made between 1994 and 1999 in two centers. The long-term follow-up of patients with myocardial bridging and systolic compression of the left anterior descending coronary artery was analyzed. Data were collected by reviewing medical records and completed by telephone interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence: 0.72%. Milking was observed in 60 patients, but 25 of them were excluded due to associated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, severe valvular disease, or coronary artery disease. The clinical follow-up was available for all patients (median: 43 months, range: 12-80 months). Mean age 55.7 years (SD = 11.9). Men 74%.
  
  
  METHODS
  angina 26 patients, atypical chest pain with positive non-invasive test 8, acute myocardial infarction 1. During follow-up, 1 patient died of sudden cardiac death. Seven patients continued to present stable angina CCS class I-II, coronary angiography was repeated in 5 patients, and one required percutaneous revascularization for symptoms. In 63% of cases, antianginal drugs were still needed at the end of follow-up period (beta-blockers or calcium antagonists).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with myocardial bridging and systolic compression of the left anterior descending artery have a good long-term prognosis, although more than half of them continue regular treatment with antianginal drugs. In a small percentage of cases percutaneous intervention must be performed and ischemic heart disease may appear in more aggressive forms (acute myocardial infarction or sudden death).
authors.affiliation: Sección de Hemodinámica. Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia. Spain. imlml9@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Iñigo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Baz
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López Palop
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pinar
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Picó
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larman
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martínez Ubago
mesh_terms: D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000150:complications*; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors