title: Soybean trypsin inhibitor confers protection against rotavirus infection in infant mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of soybean trypsin inhibitor (TI) on glycine uptake, glutathione (GSH) levels and morphological changes of intestine in rotavirus (RV) infected infant mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 144 infant mice (7/8 days old) were divided in 3 groups (i.e. control, RV and RV + inhibitor). Infant mice were orally inoculated with the EB strain of RV and Trypsin protease inhibitor (TI) and 8 animals each were sacrificed on days 0,1,3,5,7 and 10 post infection (p.i). Glycine uptake (in vitro), GSH levels and histological changes were assessed in the jejunum, ileum and colon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glycine uptake and GSH levels were significantly reduced on days 3 and 5 p.i in jejunum and ileum of RV inoculated animals, compared to the controls. Glycine uptake and GSH levels were maintained as in controls in the RV + TI inoculated animals on days 3 and 5 p.i in jejunum and colon but not in ileum where lesser values were recorded. Histology showed vacuolar degeneration in ileum towards the apical portion whereas normal morphology was observed in jejunum, similar to controls. No histological changes were observed in colon in any of the groups. Electron microscopic study confirmed the viral infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of Trypsin protease inhibitor along with RV reverted the effects of RV infection on amino acid uptake and GSH levels completely in the jejunum and partially in the ileum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katyal
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ojha
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vaiphei
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023421:Models, Animal; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D014360:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kunitz Soybean / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D014360:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kunitz Soybean; D005978:Glutathione; D005998:Glycine