title: Rise in plasma leptin levels after stimulation of hypothalamic cholinoceptive neurons by neostigmine in rats.
abstract: To investigate the role of hypothalamic cholinergic neurons in the regulation of plasma leptin levels, we injected neostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, or vehicle alone into the third cerebral ventricle in free moving male Wistar rats and then measured plasma leptin levels. The administration of neostigmine (5 x 10(-9) or 5 x 10(-8) mol) increased plasma leptin levels 3-6 h after stimulation in a dose-dependent manner, while intravenous injection of neostigmine (5 x 10(-8) mol) had no effect. Atropine (5 x 10(-8) mol) concomitantly injected with neostigmine (5 x 10(-8) mol) prevented neostigmine-induced increase in plasma leptin. The expression of leptin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in epididymal white adipose tissue was significantly increased at 4 and 6 h after neostigmine injection compared with that before the injection. Plasma levels of corticosterone were significantly increased at 30 min after stimulation with neostigmine and this increase was sustained for 6 h after stimulation. Furthermore, bilateral adrenalectomized rats showed no increase in plasma leptin levels after stimulation. In conclusion, stimulation of hypothalamic cholinoceptive neurons increased plasma leptin levels in rats by increasing leptin production in adipocytes. This increase may be due to an increase in glucocorticoids from the adrenal glands. These results suggest that plasma leptin levels can be regulated by hypothalamic cholinoceptive neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Medicine in Growth and Aging, Program in Health and Community Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamaya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuzuya
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muraguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uemura
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D020738:Leptin; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D009388:Neostigmine