title: Influence of driver nationality on the risk of causing vehicle collisions in Spain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the association between driver nationality and the risk of causing a collision between vehicles in motion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, matched by collision, case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collisions that occurred in Spain during the period from 1990 to 1999 were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Responsible (case) and non-responsible (control) drivers identified in the databases of the Dirección General de Tráfico (General Traffic Directorate) who were involved in a collisions between two or more four wheeled vehicles in motion, in which only one of the drivers had committed a traffic violation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Crude odds ratios (ORs) for the effect of driver nationality on the risk of causing a collision were significantly higher for foreign drivers than for Spanish drivers, and ranged from a minimum of 1.19 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.29) for Portuguese drivers to a maximum of 2.06 (1.88 to 2.27) for British drivers. Corresponding adjusted ORs were slightly lower, but were still significantly higher than 1 for all nationalities except Italian, Belgian, and American (USA). Adjusted ORs were usually higher for collisions that occurred in urban areas than on open roads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Authorities responsible for traffic safety, and drivers in general, should consider foreign drivers in Spain at particularly high risk for causing collisions, especially in urban areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. lardelli@ugr.es
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lardelli Claret
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Luna del Castillo
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jiménez Moleón
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bueno Cavanillas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García Martín
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gálvez Vargas
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology