title: [Clinical analysis of the children with multiple ventricular septal defects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the experiences in surgical management and diagnosis for the children with multiple ventricular septal defects (VSDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 21 children with multiple VSDs (8 males, 13 females) were analysed retrospectively. Multiple muscle defects in all patients were repaired by left ventricle incision and their near future clinical outcome was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The accuracy of diagnosis was 95.2% and the mortality was 9.5%. No residual shunts were found. Complete atrioventricular block was found early in 2 patients postoperation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The operative outcome of children with multiple VSDs is satisfied. For these patients detailed preoperative color flow mapping and careful observation during operation are essential to increase the accuracy of diagnosis and prevention of residual shunts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710033, China.
authors.forename: Jinzhou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dinghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Guocheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hailong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jincheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome