title: Expression of a retinol dehydrogenase (hRoDH-4), a member of the retinol/steroid dehydrogenase family implicated in retinoic acid biosynthesis, in normal and neoplastic endometria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Retinoic acid plays an essential role in epithelial differentiation, and retinoid homeostasis is disrupted in cancers of epithelial origin. The goal of this study was to determine whether hRoDH-4, an enzyme that can catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in retinoic acid biosynthesis, is expressed in normal endometrium and, if so, whether its expression is altered in endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proliferative, secretory, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometria were examined by immunocytochemistry for hRoDH-4 protein and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for the hRoDH-4 transcript.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In proliferative and secretory glandular epithelia, immunoreactive hRoDH-4 was uniformly present. In endometrial cancers, hRoDH-4 immunoreactivity was markedly reduced in many neoplastic epithelial cells. Expression of hRoDH-4 in normal and neoplastic endometrium was confirmed by findings on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that altered expression of enzymes essential for in situ retinoic acid biosynthesis is an important phenotypic change associated with the development of endometrial cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zaino
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.forename: R Alan
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olt
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weisz
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C113992:trans-retinol dehydrogenase