title: Density distribution of electronegative LDL in normolipemic and hyperlipemic subjects.
abstract: The density distribution of electronegative LDL [LDL(-)], a cytotoxic and inflammatory fraction of LDL present in plasma, was studied in 10 normolipemic (NL), 6 FH, and 11 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) subjects. Six LDL subclasses of increased density (LDL1 to LDL6) were isolated by density-gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU). NL and FH subjects showed prevalence of light LDL, whereas HTG subjects showed prevalence of dense LDL. LDL(-) proportion was determined from total LDL or LDL-density subclasses by anion-exchange chromatography. LDL from FH patients had increased LDL(-) (35.1 +/- 9.9%) compared with LDL from NL and HTG subjects (9.4 +/- 2.3% and 12.3 +/- 4.3%, respectively). Most LDL(-) was contained in dense subclasses in NL (LDL4-6, 67.7 +/- 3.1%) whereas most of LDL(-) from FH patients were contained in light LDL subclasses (LDL1-3) (86.2 +/- 1.6%). In these subjects, simvastatin therapy decreased LDL(-) to 28.2 +/- 6.7% and 21.2 +/- 5.6% at 3 and 6 months of treatment, respectively, due mainly to decreases in light LDL subclasses. In HTG subjects, half LDL(-) was contained in dense LDL subclasses (LDL4-6, 46.1 +/- 2.0%). Non-denaturing acrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis concurred with DGU data, as LDL(-) from NL showed a single band of lower size than non-electronegative LDL [LDL(+)], whereas LDL(-) from FH and HTG presented bands of greater size than its respective LDL(+). These results reveal the existence of light and dense LDL(-), indicate that hyperlipemia could promote the formation of light LDL(-) and suggest that LDL(-) could have different origins.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. 2038@hsp.santpau.es
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Quesada
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benítez
authors.forename: Carles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Otal
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blanco-Vaca
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ordóñez-Llanos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D004075:Diglycerides; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol