title: [The actuality and trend of biomaterial effectiveness and safety evaluation].
abstract: The evaluation of biomaterial effectiveness and safety is a key step before the biomaterial approaches to clinics. In recent years, lots of new biomaterials with different composition, shape, implant site and use have been coming out and in need of more special, sensitive and systematic evaluation methods. With the development of immunology, microdetective technique, inbred strain mammal and other connective branches, there are many chances for the consummation and integration of biomaterial evaluation system. The three-"R" principle (replace, refine, reduce), that is, developing in vitro experiments, using sensitive, special and advanced evaluation methods, improving and reducing the member of experimental animals, as well as the fundamental rule, that is, establishing an evaluation system covering three levels (molecule, cell and body) will guide the research of biomaterial evaluation to more promising development.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Transplant Engineering and Transplant Immunology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Youping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D004869:Equipment Safety; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials