title: Mutations of RPGR in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP3).
abstract: Mutations in RPGR, retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator, are associated with RP3 type of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, a severe, non-syndromic form of retinal degeneration. In the majority of subjects RPGR mutations are associated with a typical rod-cone degeneration, but in a small number, cone-rod dystrophy, deafness, and abnormalities in respiratory cilia have been noted. Alternative splicing of RPGR is complex in all species examined. In RP3 patients, mutations have been found in exons 1-14 and ORF15, thus delineating a transcript necessary for normal retinal function in humans. The great majority of mutations are predicted to result in premature termination of translation. These mutations are scattered over exons 1-14 and ORF15, while most missense mutations occur in a domain with homology to the protein RCC1, encoded by exons 1-10. Exon ORF15 is a "hot spot" for mutation, at least in the British population, in which it harbors 80% of the mutations found within a sample of 47 X-linked retinitis pigmentosa patients. Most RPGR mutations are unique to single families, which makes it difficult to demonstrate phenotype-genotype correlations.
authors.affiliation: MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Raf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vervoort
authors.forename: Alan F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004398:Dyneins / Q000235:genetics; D005136:Eye Proteins; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000235:genetics*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C099929:RPGR protein, human; D004398:Dyneins