title: Occupational voice disorders due to workplace exposure to irritants--a review of the literature.
abstract: The medical literature contains relatively few examples of reports of voice disorders that could be attributed to chemical exposure at work. General medical conditions such as gastro-oesophageal reflux and the use of medication such as inhaled steroids are well-recognized causes of laryngitis, but the occupational causes are less well documented. This paper describes the results of a literature review looking at the reporting of cases of occupationally acquired voice disorders due to exposure to irritants in the workplace.
authors.affiliation: Health & Safety Executive, Birmingham B4 7NP, UK. nerys.williams@virgin.net
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005617:Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane / Q000009:adverse effects; D004178:Diquat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007509:Irritants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000009:adverse effects; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D005617:Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane; D007509:Irritants; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D005557:Formaldehyde; D004178:Diquat