title: Intramuscular administration of very high dose of alpha-tocopherol protects liver from severe ischemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: The effect of intramuscular administration of high (30 mg/kg body weight for 3 days) or very high (300 mg/kg body weight for 3 days) doses of a-tocopherol to Wistar rats subjected to total severe warm hepatic ischemia and reperfusion was investigated. After a 60-minute period of total hepatic ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion, animals were killed, and liver samples were taken for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and histological examinations. Blood samples were also taken for assay of serum a-tocopherol, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Additional animals were followed for a 7-day survival rate determination. Results showed that ischemia and reperfusion decreased the survival rate to 10%, whereas the levels of AST, ALT, and LDH in serum were increased compared with levels in animals that were sham operated. The MDA concentrations in liver were also increased, from 1.142 to 1.567 nmoles/g, whereas the levels of a-tocopherol in serum were decreased from 10.20 to 1.80 mmol/L. Pretreatment with a-tocopherol increased the viability to 50% and 70%, for the high and very high doses, respectively, and decreased the levels of AST, ALT, and LDH in serum. It also decreased the MDA concentrations in liver to 0.975 and 0.774 nmoles/g for the high and very high doses of a-tocopherol, respectively, whereas it increased the level of a-tocopherol in serum to 11.25 and 13.02 mmol/L for the high and very high doses, respectively. Histological examinations showed protection of the liver parenchyma in the animals treated with a-tocopherol.
authors.affiliation: Fifth University Department of Surgery, Aristotle University, Hippokration Hospital, Konstantinoupoleos 49, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece. dgiak@auth.gr
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giakoustidis
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iliadis
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kontos
authors.forename: Evanthia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kostopoulou
authors.forename: Aikaterine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papachrestou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsantilas
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spyridis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takoudas
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Botsoglou
authors.forename: Afroditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dimitriadou
authors.forename: Efthymios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giakoustidis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000637:Transaminases; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol