title: Comparison of skin stripping, in vitro release, and skin blanching response methods to measure dose response and similarity of triamcinolone acetonide cream strengths from two manufactured sources.
abstract: The collective studies compare in vitro drug release, in vivo skin stripping, and skin blanching response methods for dose responsiveness and bioequivalence assessment of triamcinolone acetonide cream products, as a function of application duration, drug concentration, and manufacturer source. Commercially available triamcinolone acetonide creams (0.025%, 0.1%, and 0.5%) from two manufacturers were evaluated in vitro for rate and extent of drug release across synthetic membranes and in vivo for rate, extent, and variability of drug uptake into human stratum corneum and skin blanching response in human forearm skin. Data demonstrate that increasing triamcinolone acetonide cream concentration applied increased the rate and extent of drug released in vitro as well as the extent of drug uptake and skin blanching response in human skin in vivo. No difference (p < 0.05) between the two sources of 0.1% or 0.5% creams was measured by the skin stripping or skin blanching response methods. Dermatopharmacokinetic analysis of triamcinonide acetonide in vivo is therefore dose responsive to drug concentration applied and application duration and agrees with in vivo skin blanching results. Data support the use of dermatopharmacokinetic methods for bioequivalence and bioavailability assessment of topical drug products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 4B454 SOM, 30 N. 1900 E., Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA. pershing@derm.med.utah.edu
authors.forename: Lynn K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Pershing
authors.forename: Shahrzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bakhtian
authors.forename: Craig E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Poncelet
authors.forename: Judy L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Corlett
authors.forename: Vinod P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D009824:Ointments; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009824:Ointments; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide