title: Predictors of outcome in head injury: proposal of a new scaling system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a statistical outcome analysis covering 10 years, 554 patients with isolated head trauma were analyzed. The aim of this study was to combine clinical and computed tomographic characteristics in a prognostic scoring system determining outcome after head injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  After collection of data, mortality and morbidity were determined for each clinical and radiologic parameter; a different grading from 1 to 8 points was then attached to each parameter. The total score for each patient was calculated by adding the individual points from the different parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in outcome (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test) were registered in steps from 0 to 10 points (group I), 11 to 20 points (group II), and > 20 points (group III). Group I had a mortality of 8.3%, and patients in groups II and III died in 51.2% and 80.8%, respectively. Patients in group I had a Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score of 4 and 5 in 19.4% and 56.7%, respectively, whereas group II reached a GOS score of 4 or 5 in only 9.9% and 1.7%, respectively. Patients in group III never reached a GOS score of 4 or 5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented scaling system allows a predictive value in mortality and morbidity to be determined for each patient suffering from brain trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, BG-Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany. mruzicka@bgu-mrunau.de
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schaan
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jaksche
authors.forename: Bronek
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boszczyk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices