title: Radiotherapy management for squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal skin: the Princess Margaret Hospital experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcome of radiotherapy (RT) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 100 patients referred and treated with RT during 1982 to 1993 for SCC of nasal skin were reviewed. Most patients (81%) were treated with orthovoltage X-rays. In general, lesions </=2 cm were treated to 35 Gy in 5 fractions. For tumors 2-5 cm, 45 Gy in 10 fractions was commonly used. Lesions >5 cm or those associated with bone or cartilage invasion were typically treated to 50 Gy in 20 fractions. Six patients were lost to follow-up, leaving 94 patients assessable for local or regional failure analysis. Using the UICC staging system, the T stage at first presentation was as follows: T1, 60 patients; T2, 11 patients; T3, 0 patients, T4, 7 patients; TX, 16 patients. Only 1 patient had regional lymph node disease at presentation. Thirty-one patients were treated with surgery, followed by RT. Sixty-three patients were treated with primary RT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The local relapse-free rate was 90% and 85% at 2 and 5 years, respectively. The actuarial 2 and 5-year overall survival rate was 75% and 51%, respectively. The cause-specific survival was 96% at both 2 and 5 years. No Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Grade 4 toxicities occurred. Univariate analysis could not identify any patient, tumor, or treatment factors that were statistically significant prognosticators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RT for SCC of nasal skin achieves excellent outcome, is well tolerated, and should continue to be recommended in the management of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: May N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Fei Fei
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Panzarella
authors.forename: Lorne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rotstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome