title: Human papillomavirus-negative spindle cell carcinoma of the vulva associated with lichen sclerosus: case report and literature review.
abstract: Although spindle cell carcinoma (SC) is a common neoplasm in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and other head and neck areas, its occurrence in the vulva is rare. We report a case of this rare condition with immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. The neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, keratins (AE1-AE3, keratin 902, and keratin 903), and epithelial membrane antigen. Ultrastructurally, they showed primitive junctions and tonofilaments. HPV testing by polymerase chain reaction was negative. In addition, we review the clinicopathologic findings of the four well-documented cases of vulvar SC that have been reported previously in the English language literature.
authors.affiliation: Departaments of Pathology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santos-Briz
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antúnez
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: López-Ríos
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Peralto
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garzón
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D018459:Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004279:DNA, Viral; D018396:Mucin-1; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D014746:Vimentin; D007633:Keratins