title: Two episodes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis of prosthetic mitral valve: report of a case and review of the literature.
abstract: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (previously named Xanthomonas maltophilia) is an aerobic, non-fermentive, Gram-negative bacillus that is wide spread in the environment. It was considered to be an organism with limited pathogenic potential, which was rarely capable of causing diseases in human other than those who were in debilitated or immunocompromised state. More recent studies have established that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia can behave as a true pathogen. Endocarditis due to this organism is rare, and only 24 cases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis have been reported in the medical literature. Most cases were associated with risk factors, including intravenous drug abuse, dental treatment, infected intravenous devices, and previous cardiac surgery. We present a case with two episodes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis after mitral valve prosthesis implantation, which was treated with antibiotics initially, and a combination of antibiotics and surgery later. To our knowledge, this is the first case of repetitive endocarditis due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shin-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hye-Ryun
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Gi-Bum
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Jee-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eon-Jeong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Young-Mo
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jong-Myung
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nung-Soo
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001705:Bioprosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve; D012008:Recurrence; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D014640:Vancomycin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination