title: Endoscopic repair of posttraumatic enophthalmos using medial transconjunctival approach: a case report.
abstract: A blowout fracture of the medial orbital wall should be suspected when periorbital trauma results in epistaxis, orbital hemorrhage, horizontal dysmotility or dystopia of the globe, and/or orbital emphysema. Large medial orbital wall blowout fractures are frequently complicated by posttraumatic enophthalmos. Clinicians should consider a medial transconjunctival approach for repair of these fractures when surgical repair is indicated by a comprehensive clinical and radiologic orbital evaluation. Excellent cosmetic and functional results can be achieved through the use of an extended transcaruncular incision, rigid endoscope, and high-density porous polyethylene implant placement. The technique can be used in the early, delayed, and late stages of medial orbital wall blowout fracture repair. The technique can be used alone in isolated medial orbital wall fractures or combined with other craniofacial approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Missouri Health Sciences Center, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gigantelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000601:surgery*; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology; D004724:Endoscopy; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology; D004954:Esthetics; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D020959:Polyethylene; D019736:Prostheses and Implants
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020959:Polyethylene