DNA banking for epidemiologic studies: a review of current practices.
To study genetic risk factors for common diseases, researchers have begun collecting DNA specimens in large epidemiologic studies and surveys. However, little information is available to guide researchers in selecting the most appropriate specimens. In an effort to gather the best information for the selection of specimens for these studies, we convened a meeting of scientists engaged in DNA banking for large epidemiologic studies. In this discussion, we review the information presented at that meeting in the context of recent published information. Factors to be considered in choosing the appropriate specimens for epidemiologic studies include quality and quantity of DNA, convenience of collection and storage, cost, and ability to accommodate future needs for genotyping. We focus on four types of specimens that are stored in these banks: (1) whole blood preserved as dried blood spots; (2) whole blood from which genomic DNA is isolated, (3) immortalized lymphocytes from whole blood or separated lymphocytes, prepared immediately or subsequent to cryopreservation; and (4) buccal epithelial cells. Each of the specimens discussed is useful for epidemiologic studies according to specific needs, which we enumerate in our conclusions.
Steinberg
Karen
K
Division of Environmental Health Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. kks1@cdc.gov
Beck
Jeanne
J
Nickerson
Deborah
D
Garcia-Closas
Montserrat
M
Gallagher
Margaret
M
Caggana
Michele
M
Reid
Yvonne
Y
Cosentino
Mark
M
Ji
Jay
J
Johnson
Delene
D
Hayes
Richard B
RB
Earley
Marie
M
Lorey
Fred
F
Hannon
Harry
H
Khoury
Muin J
MJ
Sampson
Eric
E
D018070:Biological Specimen Banks / Q000592:standards*; D002610:Cheek; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000097:blood*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology*; D011786:Quality Control; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*
D004247:DNA