Expression of angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor in the rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats.
In the present study, the changes of amino acids release in the spinal cord after the application of angiotensin II (ANG II) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the distribution of ANG receptors on neurons of the RVLM were investigated. A microdialysis experiment showed that microinjection of angiotensin II into the RVLM significantly (P < 0.01) increased the release of aspartate and glutamate in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord. Immunofluorescence technique combined with confocal microscopy demonstrated that most of the glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the RVLM of both Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were double labeled with ANG type 1 (AT1) receptor. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated that the mean optic density of AT1 receptor of the cell surface as well as the whole cell was higher (P < 0.05) in SHR than that in Wistar rats, indicating that the higher expression of AT1 receptors in the RVLM may contribute to the higher responsiveness of SHR to ANG II stimulation. Immunogold staining and electronmicroscopic study demonstrated that AT1 receptor in the RVLM was distributed on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane, and nerve processes. The results suggest that effects evoked by ANG II in the RVLM are closely related to glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways. These results indirectly support the hypothesis that ANG II in the RVLM may activate vasomotor sympathetic glutamatergic neurons, leading to an increase in sympathetic nerve activity and arterial blood pressure.
Hu
Lian
L
Department of Physiology, Medical Center of Fudan University (Former Shanghai Medical University), Shanghai 200032, China.
Zhu
Da-Nian
DN
Yu
Zhang
Z
Wang
John Q
JQ
Sun
Zhong-Jie
ZJ
Yao
Tai
T
D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017551:Microdialysis; D008845:Microinjections; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase