title: A new delivery system for 5-fluorouracil using prodrug and converting enzyme.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a new delivery system of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) using 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) as a prodrug and cytosine deaminase induced in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fibroblastic cells from rabbit Tenon's capsule were cultured. The cells were exposed to 5-FU and 5-FC with or without cytosine deaminase induced by recombinant adenovirus. In the in vitro study, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were assessed by MTS, BrdU assay. The effect of 5-FC removal after the treatment of 5-FC and cytosine deaminase induction was also assayed. In the in vivo study cells with or without cytosine deaminase induction were transplanted into the subconjunctival space of mice, followed by eye drops of 1000 microg/ml of 5-FC three times a day. The mice were sacrificed at days 1, 5, and 10, then the cells transplanted were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell proliferation was inhibited by exposure to 5-FU in a dose dependent manner; however, up to 1000 microg/ml of 5-FC did not affect cell proliferation. Cell proliferation was inhibited by exposure to 5-FC in a time dependent manner with induction of cytosine deaminase following infection of recombinant adenovirus. When 5-FC was removed 3 or 6 days after the treatment, the cells grew again. The effect was reproduced in the in vivo model of subconjunctival cellular proliferation although 5-FC was administrated as eye drops. There were no cases with corneal erosion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell proliferation was inhibited by co-exposure of 5-FC and cytosine deaminase. This new delivery system may merit controlled delivery of 5-FU after filtering surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. makimoto@hsp.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D011355:Prodrugs; D004247:DNA; D005437:Flucytosine; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D005472:Fluorouracil