title: Radiobiological results from the Bacillus subtilis Biostack experiments within the Apollo and the ASTP space flights.
abstract: In order to check the results of earlier Biostack experiments, new experimental techniques were developed for the Biostack III experiment in the Apollo-Soyuz test project (ASTP). These techniques resulted in an increased accuracy of localization down to 0.2 micrometers for the determination of the impact parameter, accompanied by an increase in the sample size available for biological investigation. In addition, colony forming ability, metabolic mutations, and mutations affecting UV- and x-ray sensitivity were rendered observable by these methods. The biological and physical results obtained so far from the evaluation of the Bacillus subtilis experiment within Biostack III confirm and extend the findings of the previous Biostack experiments. They also add to the questions about the mechanisms of action of the radiation field under investigation, since the observed effects cannot be interpreted in terms of standard concepts.
authors.affiliation: DFVLR; Institut fur Flugmedizin, Abt. Biophysik, Frankfurt, FRG.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Facius
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bucker
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Horneck
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holtz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toth
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D009154:Mutation; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D013026:Space Flight; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000528:radiation effects; D014893:Weightlessness