title: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 in pancreatic juice for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) has an activity to degrade type IV collagen and is associated with invasion angiogenesis of malignant tumor.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A diagnostic value of MMP-2 in pancreatic juice was studied in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using gelatin zymography, active MMP-2 and proMMP-2 were determined in pancreatic juice obtained endoscopically from 12 patients with pancreatic cancer, 11 with chronic pancreatitis, and 7 control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ProMMP-2 was detected in 12 of 12 patients (100%) with pancreatic cancer, 6 of 11 (54.5%) with chronic pancreatitis, and 3 of 7 (42.9%) controls. Active MMP-2 was detected in 11 patients (91.6%) with pancreatic cancer, 2 (18.2%) with chronic pancreatitis, and none of the control subjects. An activation ratio of MMP-2 (active MMP-2/total MMP-2) in pancreatic juice is significantly higher in pancreatic cancer (23.4 +/- 4.4%, mean +/- SE) than in chronic pancreatitis (2.1 +/- 1.7%) and controls (0%) (p < 0.01). Active MMP-2 was also detected in pancreatic juice from three cases of small pancreatic cancer (tumor <2 cm in diameter).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observation suggests that detection of active MMP-2 in pancreatic juice using gelatin zymography may be useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan. yoko@sk9.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichimura
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizushima
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinji
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsurumi
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasuoka
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010189:Pancreatic Juice / Q000201:enzymology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D005780:Gelatin; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C069860:progelatinase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2