title: Selective induction of eotaxin release by interleukin-13 or interleukin-4 in human airway smooth muscle cells is synergistic with interleukin-1beta and is mediated by the interleukin-4 receptor alpha-chain.
abstract: The biologic activities of interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4 often overlap, and evidence supports their importance in atopic disease and airways hyperresponsiveness. Here, their capacity to release eosinophil-activating cytokines was examined in cultured human airway smooth muscle. IL-13 and IL-4 induced selective release of eotaxin with no effect on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), or IL-8. A profound synergistic increase in eotaxin release occurred when IL-13 or IL-4 was combined with IL-1beta that was abrogated by a neutralizing antibody to the IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ralpha)-chain but not to the IL-2 receptor gamma (IL-2Rgamma)-chain. Expression of cell surface IL-4 receptors and IL-4Ralpha in lysates was constitutive and unchanged by treatment with IL-13 or IL-4 alone or in combination with IL-1beta. Activation of IL-4Ralpha by IL-13 or IL-4 induced signal transducer and activation of transcription-6 (STAT6), p42/ p44 ERK, p38, and to a lesser extent, SAPK/JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. STAT6 and MAP kinase activation by IL-13 or IL-4 was not further potentiated after combined stimulation with IL-1beta. However, eotaxin release induced by IL-13 or IL-4 alone, and in combination with IL-1beta, was prevented by the MEK inhibitor U 0126 and by the p38 inhibitor SB 202190. Collectively, the data suggest that selective eotaxin release induced either by IL-13 and IL-4 or when combined with IL-1beta is mediated by a constitutive cell surface IL-4Ralpha and the activation of multiple intracellular pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, The Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom. stuart.hirst@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hirst
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Hallsworth
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Tak H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D001980:Bronchi / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism*; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000502:physiology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000502:physiology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism*; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C515456:CCL11 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D002631:Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil; D007375:Interleukin-1; D018793:Interleukin-13; D007378:Interleukins; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases