title: Role of ultrasonography in the detection of small adrenal masses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Computed tomography (CT) scanning is commonly used for evaluation of adrenal masses in adults. In this prospective study we evaluated whether adrenal gland masses of less or equal than 20 mm in diameter could be detected by modern abdominal ultrasonography (US).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 1999 and June 2000, 44 consecutive patients with 50 adrenal masses documented by contrast-enhanced CT (left adrenal gland, n = 31; right adrenal gland, n = 19; bilateral, n = 6; median size, 15 [5 +/- 80] mm) and, additionally, 50 patients without CT findings of an adrenal mass were prospectively evaluated by high-resolution US performed by physicians. Based upon CT measurement, 34 adrenal masses were </= 20 mm and 16 were > 20 mm in diameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall sensitivity of US for the detection of adrenal masses was 96 % (48/50) (94 % [29/31] for left and 100 % [19/19] for right adrenal masses, respectively). The overall specificity of US for the detection of adrenal masses was 92 % (92/100) (90 % [45/50] for left and 94 % [47/50] for right adrenal masses, respectively). Thus, the diagnostic accuracy of US for the detection of adrenal masses is 93 % (140/150). Sensitivity and specificity of US for the detection of adrenal masses </= 20 mm (n = 34) did not differ significantly from those > 20 mm (n = 16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US is effective for detecting small adrenal masses. In rare cases small masses of the left adrenal gland might be missed and nodular adrenal hyperplasia or retroperitoneal lymph nodes might be misinterpreted as adrenal masses.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Universitat, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trojan
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarrazin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thalhammer
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media