title: Functional characterization of the interferon regulatory element in the enhancer 1 region of the hepatitis B virus genome.
abstract: An interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE)/interferon regulatory element (IRE) spanning nucleotide coordinates 1091-1100 is present in the enhancer 1/X gene promoter region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome. In the context of a minimal promoter element, the enhancer 1/X gene promoter ISRE/IRE was shown to be a functional regulatory site capable of mediating interferon alpha- (IFNalpha) and interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3)-specific transcriptional activation in transient transfection analysis. The enhancer 1/X gene promoter ISRE/IRE was also shown to mediate interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 1 and IRF7 activation of transcription from a minimal promoter construct. In contrast, IFNalpha and the IRFs had minimal effect on HBV transcription and replication in the context of the viral genome in cell culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Flavio F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Alcantara
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D050839:Interferon Regulatory Factor-7; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020218:Response Elements; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; C494234:IRF7 protein, human; C494227:IRF9 protein, human; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D050839:Interferon Regulatory Factor-7; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014157:Transcription Factors