title: Fetal axillary hemangiolymphangioma with secondary intralesional bleeding: serial ultrasound findings.
abstract: A case of fetal axillary hemangiolymphangioma coexisting with intralesional hemorrhage is presented. At 27 weeks' gestation, the fetus was found to have a 52 x 43-mm left axillary multilocular cystic mass which showed no signals on color Doppler. The mass was composed mostly of sonolucent spaces. At 29 weeks' gestation, an arterial flow signal (15 cm/s) was detected within the mass. In addition, two low-density echogenic cystic spaces with bidirectional flow waveforms were found, which raised the suspicion of intratumoral bleeding. Two weeks later, a fine-needle aspiration of the mass revealed both straw-colored and chocolate-colored fluid. The tumor size increased from 52 x 43 mm at 27 weeks to 100 x 79 mm at 37 weeks. Blood clots developed gradually in the hemorrhagic spaces. The pregnancy proceeded smoothly to term and at 38 weeks an elective Cesarean section was performed. After a surgical excision of the mass at the age of 4 days, a mixed cavernous hemangioma and cystic lymphangioma with secondary intralesional hemorrhage was confirmed histopathologically.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Hungkuang Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan. t1018@vghtc.vghtc.gov.tw
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: E S C
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001365:Axilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*