title: [Pineal region surgery. Experience in 22 patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different approaches to the pineal region are described in the literature with high mortality and morbidity. We report our experience with two different approaches (occipitoparietal or infratentorial supracerebellar approaches) for pineal region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1986 and 1997, 25 operations were performed in 22 patients. Preoperative work-up included a CT-scan with conventional angiography (for older patients), magnetic resonance imaging with angiographic study (angio-MRI) for the others. Two different approaches, the occipitoparietal (n=14) or the infratentorial supracerebellar (n=8) ones, were used. Three patients had a stereotactic biopsy, followed by a total resection for one of them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mortality and morbidity induced by the approaches were low compared to the series of the literature. Only 2 patients were worsened by the surgery: Patient 4 developed hemianopsia after an occipitoparietal approach and patient 21 temporary Parinaud syndrome after resection of a teratoma by supracerebellar infratentorial approach. One patient improved his neurological status but died on the 10th postoperative day from pulmonary embolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total or partial resection of well-defined pineal region lesions by direct neurosurgical approaches can be achieved in most cases with low morbidity. The choice among the two surgical occipitoparietal or infratentorial supracerebellar approaches depends on the size and the location of the lesion in the pineal area, its relation to the ventricular system, the median line and the splenium. Angiographic sequences in magnetic resonance with study of the deep veins are helpful in this respect.
authors.affiliation: Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808, route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgique.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hancq
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: De Witte
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brotchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000601:surgery; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000601:surgery; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004806:Ependymoma / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006423:Hemianopsia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000209:etiology; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D013724:Teratoma / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome