title: Giant cell arteritis.
abstract: Giant cell arteritis has been considered an enigmatic disease. It is characterised by chronic granulomatous inflammation of the walls of large and medium-sized arteries. The process has a predilection for the extradural cranial arteries, which include the ophthalmic and the posterior ciliary arteries. It is a multi-symptom disease of older individuals and patients often present with challenging issues and diagnostic dilemmas. We review the literature and latest protocols for the diagnosis and management of giant cell arteritis.
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gurwood
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Malloy
mesh_terms: D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy