title: Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice.
abstract: The chronic food shortage that was feared after the rapid expansion of the world population in the 1960s was averted largely by the development of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety of rice known as IR8, the so-called rice 'green revolution'. The short stature of IR8 is due to a mutation in the plant's sd1 gene, and here we identify this gene as encoding an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, a plant growth hormone. Gibberellin is also implicated in green-revolution varieties of wheat, but the reduced height of those crops is conferred by defects in the hormone's signalling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Bioscience Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. makoto@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashikari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueguchi-Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swapan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Khush
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D005523:Food Supply; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D012275:Oryza / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins