Astronaut-centered philosophy for designing manned space system.
Astronaut-centered design philosophy is a new concept suggested by the authors for manned space system design. It stems from human-centered design philosophy. Human-centered design means that human role is regarded as important basis and foundation for system design. At the beginning, the engineers used to adopt technology-centered philosophy for designing complex system, but much practice proved that the technology-centered design philosophy won't work, resulting in lower system safety and performance. So it has been currently replaced by human-centered philosophy. As examples, the principles of human-centered automation of the International Civil Aviation Organization and NASA JSC's Human-rating Requirements were introduced. At last, the astronaut-centered design philosophy and its requirements were put forward by the authors. These requirements consist of: general requirements, man-machine interaction requirements, man-environment interaction requirements and interpersonal relationship requirements.
Wu
Guo-xing
GX
Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing. wgx403@163.net
Tan
Li
L
D018480:Astronauts; D001331:Automation; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards*; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D006801:Humans; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D024382:Professional Role; D012449:Safety; D013026:Space Flight / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016526:Workload