title: Relationship between cytokine levels and coronary artery disease in women.
abstract: Inflammation is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), and the measurement of markers of inflammation has been suggested to improve the identification of individuals at risk for this disease. The incidence of CAD in women is not accounted for by conventional risk factors, and the association of CAD and the antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in this population is unknown. Associations among TGF-beta1, the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and CAD severity in inner city women were examined. Fifty-three women requiring angiography (mean age, 60.7 years) were stratified as having on of the following conditions: 0 vessel disease (VD) (n = 20), 1 (VD) (n = 10), 2 VD (n = 9), or 3 VD (n = 14). Fasting serum cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum TGF-beta1 was lower in patients with extensive disease (2 and 3 VD versus 0 and 1 VD). The lowest TGF-beta1 levels (<30 ng/mL) were in the 2 and 3 VD groups. In contrast, in the 0 and 1 VD groups, TGF-beta1 was above 41 ng/mL. Serum TGF-beta1 correctly classified the severity of CAD in 62.3% of patients, with a predictive threshold of 58 ng/mL by discriminant function analysis. TGF-beta1 may be a determinant of clinical events and outcome in CAD in women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203, USA. obatuman@netmail.hscbklyn.edu
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Batuman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clements
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feit
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lederer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha