title: Mutations associated with genotypic resistance to antiretroviral therapy in treatment naïve HIV-1 infected patients in Greece.
abstract: The widespread use of antiviral drugs against HIV has increased the prevalence of HIV-1 resistant strains among naïve individuals due to transmission of resistant strains. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of HIV-1 strains harboring resistance mutations in naïve patients in Greece. Blood samples were collected from 25 individuals. The DNA sequence of protease and partial reverse transcriptase regions (codons 41-223) were obtained by direct sequencing. Our results showed the absence of any primary resistance mutations in the study population. However, we were able to identify high prevalence of sequence polymorphisms at positions in reverse transcriptase region associated mainly with resistance to NNRTIs. Moreover, in protease region several secondary mutations were detected, suggesting the higher genetic variability of this region. The clinical significance of the polymorphisms associated with reduced susceptibility to NNRTIs remains to be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, National Retrovirus Reference Center, Athens School of Medicine, University of Athens, Alexanfroupoles 25, GR-115 27, Greece.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magiorkinis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paraskevis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magiorkinis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chryssou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazanas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paparizos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saroglou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antoniadou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giamarellou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karafoulidou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatzakis
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006115:Greece; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease