title: Detection of human parvovirus B19 infection in first-trimester fetal loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of parvovirus B19 infection in first-trimester fetal loss, as measured by B19 DNA polymerase chain reaction in placental tissue in a prospective descriptive study from a nonendemic area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Placental tissues from first-trimester fetal losses were examined for presence of B19 DNA by polymerase chain reaction in a prospective study during 30 months. For comparison, placental tissues from second-trimester fetal losses, as well as from full-term normal pregnancies, were also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  B19 DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in one of 36 (3%) placental tissues from first-trimester fetal losses. In second-trimester fetal losses, eight of 64 (12%) samples were B19 DNA positive. None of the 53 placental tissues from full-term normal pregnancies were B19 DNA positive. In first-trimester fetal losses, maternal serum from the B19 DNA-positive sample was B19 immunoglobulin (Ig)G positive but B19 IgM negative. In second-trimester fetal losses, six of six tested B19 DNA-positive samples were both B19 IgG and IgM positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of first-trimester fetal loss associated with parvovirus B19 infection was low, 3%, during a nonepidemic period in Sweden, as measured by B19 DNA-specific polymerase chain reaction in placental tissue.
authors.affiliation: Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden.
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tolfvenstam
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krassny
authors.forename: Lottie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skjöldebrand-Sparre
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Broliden
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008423:Maternal Age; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human; D010920:Placenta / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M