title: Effects of overlapping parametric resonances on the particle diffusion process.
abstract: The evolution of the beam distribution in a double-rf system with a phase modulation on either the primary or secondary rf cavity was measured. We find that the particle diffusion process obeys the Einstein relation if the phase space becomes globally chaotic. When dominant parametric resonances still exist in the phase space, particles stream along the separatrices of the dominant resonance, and the beam width exhibits characteristic oscillatory structure. The particle-tracking simulations for the double-rf system are employed to reveal the essential diffusion mechanism. Coherent octupolar motion has been observed in the bunch beam excitation. The evolution of the longitudinal phase space in the octupole mode is displayed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brabson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Budnick
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ellison
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hsi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Kiang
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riabko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sloan