title: Age-specific increases in health care costs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The escalating costs of health care raise questions about demographic, epidemiological and technological determinants and future projections. The objectives of this work are to describe the age pattern of health care costs, to analyse the age-specific cost changes and to project future health care costs in an ageing population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comprehensive cost-of-illness data for the whole Dutch population in 1988 and 1994 are compared by age and type of care. National data on all hospital admissions, nursing days and clinical interventions for the period 1988-1994 is used to describe trends in hospital care. Population forecasts are used to project the age distribution of future health care costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of health care costs per capita depends strongly on age. The growth rate of per capita costs increases by age for acute care but decreases by age for long-term care. Both combined cause an average annual growth rate of 4.6%, nearly constant with age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ageing will result in increasing health care demands and costs. Secular trends in acute and long-term care indicate major shifts in costs from younger to older people and from long-term to acute care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. polder@mgz.fgg.eur.nl
authors.forename: Johan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Polder
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonneux
authors.forename: Willem Jan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Meerding
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van der Maas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands