title: Testing the efficiency and independence of attentional networks.
abstract: In recent years, three attentional networks have been defined in anatomical and functional terms. These functions involve alerting, orienting, and executive attention. Reaction time measures can be used to quantify the processing efficiency within each of these three networks. The Attention Network Test (ANT) is designed to evaluate alerting, orienting, and executive attention within a single 30-min testing session that can be easily performed by children, patients, and monkeys. A study with 40 normal adult subjects indicates that the ANT produces reliable single subject estimates of alerting, orienting, and executive function, and further suggests that the efficiencies of these three networks are uncorrelated. There are, however, some interactions in which alerting and orienting can modulate the degree of interference from flankers. This procedure may prove to be convenient and useful in evaluating attentional abnormalities associated with cases of brain injury, stroke, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit disorder. The ANT may also serve as an activation task for neuroimaging studies and as a phenotype for the study of the influence of genes on attentional networks.
authors.affiliation: The Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, Box 140, New York, NY 10002, USA. jif2004@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: McCandliss
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raz
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Posner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D005260:Female; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results