title: A canine model of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although a variety of antireflux procedures and medications are used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), reliable large-animal models of GERD that can be used to objectively compare the efficacy of these treatments are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Esophageal manometry and 24-h gastroesophageal pH monitoring with event data were performed in 18 mongrel dogs with a cervical esophagopexy. We then calculated a modified DeMeester score: The Duke Canine reflux score (DCR). Thereafter, the animals underwent a 4-cm anterior distal esophageal myotomy, incision of the left diaphragmatic crus, and intrathoracic gastric cardiopexy. Postoperative 24-h pH and manometry were obtained 2 weeks later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The postoperative 24-h pH results showed a significant increase in the mean DCR score (5.9 +/- 4.5 vs 84.9 +/- 56.1, p < 0.0002), and manometry indicated a significant decrease in mean lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure (7.1 +/- 2.9 vs 3.2 +/- 2.5 mmHg, p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique reliably creates a canine model of GERD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Room 3454A Duke North, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Chekan
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Clary
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Garcia-Oria
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fina
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McRae
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gandsas
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Eubanks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000503:physiopathology; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods; D004946:Esophagostomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods