title: Association between early detection of soluble TNF-receptors and mortality in burn patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe early sequential profiling of circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF-1 and TNF-2 soluble receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2), and of endothelin (ET-1) in patients with severe burn injury, and its association with mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intensive Care Burn Unit at a community hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with total burn surface area (TBSA)> or = 30%.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were enrolled within 6 h from the injury. Blood samples were drawn at zero, 6, 12, and 24 h for sequential ELISA measurement of plasma marker levels. Data are expressed as mean+/-SD. Age, TBSA, and inhalation injury were not significantly different between survivors ( n=9; 30+/-13 years, TBSA 40+/-12%) and nonsurvivors ( n=11, 38+/-15 years, TBSA 56+/-20%). sTNFR1 levels were increased in nonsurvivors (2937+/-1676 pg/ml; 4548+/-1436 pg/ml) as compared to survivors (1313+/-561 pg/ml; 2561+/-804 pg/ml) at 6 h and 24 h, respectively ( P=0.01 and 0.002). sTNFR2 levels were significantly increased in nonsurvivors (4617+/-1,876 pg/ml vs 2611+/-1,326 pg/ml) only at 6 h ( P=0.015). TNF-alpha and ET-1 levels were not different between nonsurvivors and survivors. After adjustment for TBSA, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 remained significantly higher in nonsurvivors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early and progressive increase in sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 levels is associated with higher risk for poor outcome in severely burned patients.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Hosptial de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Polanczyk
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clausell
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002056:Burns / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha