title: Brain activation and sexual arousal in healthy, heterosexual males.
abstract: Despite the brain's central role in sexual function, little is known about relationships between brain activation and sexual response. In this study, we employed functional MRI (fMRI) to examine relationships between brain activation and sexual arousal in a group of young, healthy, heterosexual males. Each subject was exposed to two sequences of video material consisting of explicitly erotic (E), relaxing (R) and sports (S) segments in an unpredictable order. Data on penile turgidity was collected using a custom-built pneumatic pressure cuff. Both traditional block analyses using contrasts between sexually arousing and non-arousing video clips and a regression using penile turgidity as the covariate of interest were performed. In both types of analyses, contrast images were computed for each subject and these images were subsequently used in a random effects analysis. Strong activations specifically associated with penile turgidity were observed in the right subinsular region including the claustrum, left caudate and putamen, right middle occipital/ middle temporal gyri, bilateral cingulate gyrus and right sensorimotor and pre-motor regions. Smaller, but significant activation was observed in the right hypothalamus. Few significant activations were found in the block analyses. Implications of the findings are discussed. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of examining brain activation/sexual response relationships in an fMRI environment and reveals a number of brain structures whose activation is time-locked to sexual arousal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. 94305-5722, USA. arnow@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Arnow
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Desmond
authors.forename: Linda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Banner
authors.forename: Gary H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Mary Lake
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Polan
authors.forename: Tom F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lue
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Atlas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000502:physiology*