title: Caspases promoted DADAG-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the roles of caspases in diacetyldianhydrogalactitol (DADAG)-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inhibition of proliferation was measured by MTT assay. DADAG-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells was observed by electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation assay. Caspase-3 activity was determined by ApoAlert CPP32 colorimetric assay kit. The cleavage of substrates of caspases was detected by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DADAG exhibited potent antiproliferative activity and induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. After treatment with DADAG 8 mg/L for 24 h, caspase-3 activity increased markedly and the cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), lamin B, and DFF45 appeared. All of the apoptotic signals were suppressed by z-VAD fmk (a general inhibitor of caspase activities), whereas z-DEVD fmk, a selective inhibitor of caspase-3 activity, only induced partial reversion of the apoptotic effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DADAG induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells by activating caspases. Caspases promoted apoptosis through the cleavage of substrates of PARP, lamin B, and DFF45.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Xinxiang Medical College  Xinxiang 453003, China. yangjinnan@263.net
authors.forename: Jin-Nan
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chun-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qi-Chao
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003961:Dianhydrogalactitol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003961:Dianhydrogalactitol; C027991:dianhydro-3,4-diacetylgalactitol; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases