Two episodes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis of prosthetic mitral valve: report of a case and review of the literature.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (previously named Xanthomonas maltophilia) is an aerobic, non-fermentive, Gram-negative bacillus that is wide spread in the environment. It was considered to be an organism with limited pathogenic potential, which was rarely capable of causing diseases in human other than those who were in debilitated or immunocompromised state. More recent studies have established that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia can behave as a true pathogen. Endocarditis due to this organism is rare, and only 24 cases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis have been reported in the medical literature. Most cases were associated with risk factors, including intravenous drug abuse, dental treatment, infected intravenous devices, and previous cardiac surgery. We present a case with two episodes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endocarditis after mitral valve prosthesis implantation, which was treated with antibiotics initially, and a combination of antibiotics and surgery later. To our knowledge, this is the first case of repetitive endocarditis due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
Kim
Jae-Han
JH
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
Kim
Shin-Woo
SW
Kang
Hye-Ryun
HR
Bae
Gi-Bum
GB
Park
Jee-Hyun
JH
Nam
Eon-Jeong
EJ
Kang
Young-Mo
YM
Lee
Jong-Myung
JM
Kim
Nung-Soo
NS
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001705:Bioprosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve; D012008:Recurrence; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D014640:Vancomycin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination