title: [Change of gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta1, Smad 2 and Smad 3 in hypertrophic scars skins].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the regulatory mechanisms of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and two transcriptional factors Smad 2, 3 on hypertrophic scar formation and fetal scarless healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two cases were detected to compare the gene expression of TGF-beta1, Smad 2 and Smad 3 with RT-PCR. Among those cases, there were 8 cases of hypertrophic scars, 8 cases of control skins, 8 cases of fetal skins and 8 cases of adult skins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TGF-beta1, Smad 2 and Smad 3 gene expression could all be detected in hypertrophic scars, fetal and adult skins. Among 8 groups examinated in this experiment (each group comprised a hypertrophic scar and its corresponding normal skin), there were 5, 8 and 5 groups in which TGF-beta1, Smad 2 and Smad 3 gene expression were higher in hypertrophic scars than in normal skins respectively. The fetal skins showed significantly lower level of TGF-beta1 and Smad 3 gene expression compared with adult skins (t = 2.204, P < 0.05 and t = 4.269, P < 0.01 respectively), while mRNA contents of Smad 2 were obviously higher in fetal skins than in adult skins (t = 6.685, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-beta1 and its downstream signal molecules Smad 2, Smad 3 might be involved in hypertrophic scar formation. Higher gene expression of TGF-beta1, Smad 2 and Smad 3 in hypertrophic scars might lead to stimulating extracellular matrix deposition, inducing fibroblast proliferation and accelerating fibrogenesis. Lower mRNA contents of TGF-beta1 and Smad 3 in fetal skins compared with adult skins might be associated with fetal scarless healing.
authors.affiliation: PLA Key Research Laboratory of Wound Repair, 304th Hospital, Beijing 100037, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Tongzhu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhili
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1