title: Interferon type I downregulates human parainfluenza virus type 3-induced major histocompatibility complex class II expression.
abstract: Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) induces major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression in a signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1)- and class II transactivator (CIITA)-independent manner. Interferon (IFN)-gamma, the potent inducer of MHC class II, on the other hand, requires both STAT1 and CIITA in the induction process. IFN-alpha/beta has been shown to inhibit the IFN-y-induced expression of MHC class II by targeting a step(s) downstream of CIITA. Here we report that IFN-alpha/beta also inhibits the CIITA-independent expression of HPIV3-induced MHC class II. The inhibitory role of IFN-alpha/beta on HPIV3-induced MHC class II was confirmed by using anti-IFN-alpha/beta antibody and mutant cell lines defective in the IFN signaling components STAT1 and STAT2. IFN-alpha/beta inhibits virus-induced MHC class II expression just as it does IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II. The inhibition by IFN-alpha/beta of MHC class II expression may play a regulatory role in virus induced autoimmune disease mediated by MHC class II aberrant expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA. Gaoj@ccf.org
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Bishnu P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Amiya K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007370:Interferon Type I; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050795:STAT2 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators