title: Proton T2 relaxation study of water, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine in human brain using Hahn and Carr-Purcell spin echoes at 4T and 7T.
abstract: Carr-Purcell and Hahn spin-echo (SE) measurements were used to estimate the apparent transverse relaxation time constant (T2) of water and metabolites in human brain at 4T and 7T. A significant reduction in the T2 values of proton resonances (water, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine/phosphocreatine) was observed with increasing magnetic field strength and was attributed mainly to increased dynamic dephasing due to increased local susceptibility gradients. At high field, signal loss resulting from T2 decay can be substantially reduced using a Carr-Purcell-type SE sequence.
authors.affiliation: Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. shalom@cmrr.umn.edu
authors.forename: Shalom
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michaeli
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garwood
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: DelaBarre
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adriany
authors.forename: Hellmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Merkle
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ugurbil
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine