title: Kraepelinian and non-Kraepelinian schizophrenia subgroup differences in cerebral metabolic rate.
abstract: We studied two subtypes of schizophrenia. the Kraepelinian subtype (n = 10) characterized by an unremitting and severe course and the non-Kraepelinian subtype (n = 17) characterized by a remitting course and some periods of self-care. Patients were assessed with positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A group of 32 age- and sex-matched normal volunteers served as comparison subjects. During the FDG tracer uptake period, patients performed a serial verbal learning task. MR images were segmented into gray, white and cerebrospinal fluid regions, and warped to average normal coordinates. PET images were coregistered to the MR images and similarly warpedfor analysis. Kraepelinian subtype patients were characterized by lower metabolic rates in the temporal lobe and cingulategyrus. and lower fronto/occipital ratios than non-Kraepelinian subtype patients. Exploratory statistical probability mapping alsorevealed lower metabolic rates in the right striatum in Kraepelinian versus non-Kraepelinian patients. These differences couldnot be attributed to differences in age, symptom severity, task performance during FDG uptake, or severity of involuntary movements. Factor analysis of the cortical surface identified significantly lower temporal lobe metabolic rates in Kraepelinian patients than non-Kraepelinian patients. A combined frontal/temporal deficit or greater cortical change may be associated with poorer longitudinal course.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience PET Laboratory and Department of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1505, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. monte.buchsbaum@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Monte S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Buchsbaum
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shihabuddin
authors.forename: Erin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hazlett
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: Mehmet M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Haznedar
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Powchik
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spiegel-Cohen
authors.forename: Tsechung
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Melissa B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18