Challenges for brain repair: insights from adult neurogenesis in birds and mammals.
Adult neurogenesis is a widespread phenomenon occurring in many species, including humans. The functional and therapeutic implications of this form of brain plasticity are now beginning to be realized. Comparative approaches to adult neurogenesis will yield important clues about brain repair. Here, we compare adult neurogenesis in birds and mammals. We review recent studies on the glial identity of stem cells that generate new neurons, the different modes of migration used by the newly generated neurons to reach their destinations, and how these systems respond to experimentally induced cell death. We integrate these findings to address how comparative analysis at the molecular level might be used for brain repair.
Doetsch
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F
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass, USA. doetsch@fas.harvard.edu
Scharff
C
C
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001717:Birds; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D051379:Mice; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D010802:Phylogeny; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology