title: Encephalomyocarditis and Mengo viruses productively infect murine T-lymphocyte cell lines but not fresh ex vivo derived T lymphocytes.
abstract: Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and Mengo virus are highly virulent murine cardioviruses that are found in abundant quantities in the spleen and lymph nodes after infection. T lymphocytes are pivotal mediators of humoral and cellular immunity against cardioviral challenge, and are highly suspect candidates of EMCV and Mengo virus infection. We found T lymphocyte-like cell lines CTLL-2, EL-4, LY1+2/9, and LBRM33 were susceptible to productive viral infection and exhibited cytopathology after infection with virulent EMCV-R or attenuated Mengo virus strains vMC0 and vMC24. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated progressive intracellular accumulation of viral proteins, such as the replication-dependent 3D viral polymerase, in EL-4 cells during infection. Conversely, freshly isolated and mitogen-stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were resistant to productive infection with these viruses, exhibiting no viral-induced cytopathic effects or intracellular presence of viral proteins. These data indicate that although T-lymphocyte-like tumor cell lines are highly susceptible to viral infection and cytopathic effects, primary/freshly isolated T cells are resistant to infection by EMCV-R or Mengo virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706-1581, USA.
authors.forename: Zane C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Neal
authors.forename: Jerome S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Harms
authors.forename: Marchel R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Splitter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008574:Mengovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014779:Virus Replication; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase