Anthropometric and growth assessment of children receiving renal replacement therapy in Malaysia.
OBJECTIVE
To report on the anthropometric and growth status of children receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Malaysia.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study with some retrospective elements.


METHODS
Outpatients' clinics in a major referral hospital in Malaysia.


METHODS
Fifteen renal transplants (mean age, 13.3 +/- 2.8 years) and 35 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients (mean age, 12.6 +/- 3.0 years) participated. The RRT period ranged between 3 months to 6 years for both groups.


METHODS
None.


METHODS
Body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% BF), triceps skinfold (TSF), mid upper-arm circumference (MUAC), arm muscle area (AMA), and z scores for height and weight.


RESULTS
BMI for age indicated 7% of transplant subjects (TS) versus 40% of CAPD subjects were below the 5th percentile, whereas only 7% of TS were above the 95th percentile. % BF was higher for TS compared with the CAPD group for both sexes (boys, 19.5% and girls, 29.8% v boys, 12.4% and girls, 21.5%). Despite higher percentiles for TSF, transplant subjects still showed depleted muscle mass based on MUAC and AMA. z scores for height showed 93% of transplant subjects and 62% of CAPD subjects below -2 standard deviation (SD), whereas for weight these were 27% and 54%, respectively. Sixty-four percent of TS experienced catch-up growth for height and 86% for weight. These percentages were approximately halved for the CAPD group (32% and 43%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Patterns of growth and body composition appear distinctly different with the different RRT modalities. Serial anthropometric evaluation appears vital in pre- and post-RRT monitoring in pediatric renal populations.
Karupaiah
Tilakavati
T
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Chooi
Chee Hoe
CH
Lim
Yam Ngo
YN
Morad
Zaki
Z
D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012885:Skinfold Thickness