title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy without routine operative cholangiography does not result in significant problems related to retained stones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigated whether failure to identify common bile duct stones at laparoscopic cholecystectomy results in significant postoperative complications related to retained stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective analysis of the case notes of 377 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy without routine operative cholangiography under a single surgeon in a district general hospital between 1995 and 1999. Highly selective preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was employed to identify and manage suspected bile duct stones in pancreatitis, jaundice, persistently elevated liver function tests, or a dilated common bile duct.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen (4.8%) of 377 patients presented postoperatively with symptoms/signs suggesting biliary pathology. Two (0.5%) were confirmed to have retained duct stones/debris (ultrasound/ERCP); both recovered with conservative treatment. Only 1 patient of 274 (0.4%) without preoperative ERCP subsequently presented with a symptomatic retained stone, the other having been stented preoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Highly selective preoperative ERCP without routine operative cholangiography is not associated with a significant increase in morbidity/mortality related to retained stones following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: York District Hospital, Wigginton Road, York, UK. djathornton@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: D J A
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000379:methods*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D003949:Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000601:surgery; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007565:Jaundice / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents