title: [Temperament and affective disorders. The TEMPS-A Scale as a convergence of European and US-American concepts].
abstract: In temperament research, three traditions can be found: (1) in psychiatry or psychopathology, (2) in neurobiology, and (3) in developmental psychology. After giving an overview, we present results and theories concerning the relation between temperament and affective disorders. Based on Kraepelin's concept of the fundamental states ("Grundszustände"), we describe four types of temperament: hyperthymic (manic), depressive, irritable, and cyclothymic. A fifth anxious temperament is added. Clinical description and scientific implications are described in the light of recent work by Akiskal and the German version of the TEMPS-A scale, a self-report questionnaire for assessing temperament.
authors.affiliation: International Mood Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, USA.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Akiskal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brieger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mundt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marneros
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013694:Temperament