title: Nuclear factor of activated T cells is a driving force for preferential productive HIV-1 infection of CD45RO-expressing CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) preferentially replicates in CD4-expressing T cells bearing a "memory" (CD45RO+) rather than a "naive" (CD45RA+/CD62L+) phenotype. Yet the basis for the higher susceptibility of these cells to HIV-1 infection remains unclear. Because the nature of the CD45 isoform itself can affect biochemical events in T cells, we set out to determine whether these isoforms could differently modulate HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) activity and thereby replication. Through the use of CD4+ Jurkat T cells specifically expressing distinct CD45 isoforms (i.e. CD45RABC or CD45RO), we demonstrated that a difference in CD45 isoform expression conferred preferential replication of HIV-1 to CD45RO-expressing T cell clones following a physiological CD3/CD28 stimulation. Closer analysis indicated that higher HIV-1 LTR activation levels were consistently observed in CD45RO-positive cells, which was paralleled by more pronounced nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation in these same cells. Specific involvement of NFAT1 was revealed in studied Jurkat clones by mobility shift analyses. In addition, preferential activation of the LTR and viral replication in CD45RO T cells was FK506- and cyclosporin A-sensitive. These results underscore the importance of NFAT in HIV-1 regulation and for the first time identify the role of the CD45 isoform in limiting productive HIV-1 replication to the human CD4 memory T cell subset.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Hôpital du Centre Hospitalier de L'Université Laual, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, and Département de Biologie médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada.
authors.forename: Gilles A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Robichaud
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barbeau
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fortin
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: Michel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; C494006:NFATC2 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D016559:Tacrolimus