title: Detection of genetic alterations induced by low-dose X rays: analysis of loss of heterozygosity for TK mutation in human lymphoblastoid cells.
abstract: To elucidate the genetic influence of low-dose ionizing radiation at the chromosome level, we exposed human lymphoblastoid TK6-20C cells to 10 cGy of X rays. The TK mutation frequency was 5.7 +/- 1.3 x 10(-6) at the background level and 6.9 +/- 2.8 x 10(-6) after X irradiation. Although this small increase was not statistically significant (P = 0.40), we applied multilocus analysis using 4 TK locus markers and 12 microsatellite loci spanning chromosome 17 for TK mutants exhibiting loss of heterozygosity (LOH). The analysis demonstrated a clear effect of low-dose ionizing radiation. We observed radiation-specific patterns in the extent of hemizygous LOH in 14 TK mutants among the 92 mutants analyzed. The deleted regions in these patterns were larger than they were in the control mutants, where those restricted to the TK locus. Surprisingly, the radiation-specific LOH patterns were not observed among the 110 nonirradiated TK mutants in this study. They were identified previously in TK6 cells exposed to 2 Gy of X rays. We consider these hemizygous LOH mutants to be a result of end-joining repair of X-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radioisotope Technology, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yatagai
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009154:Mutation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D013937:Thymidine Kinase