title: Parental hypertension and 24 h-blood pressure in children prior to diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: In a search for predictors of nephropathy development, albumin excretion rate (AER), ambulatory blood pressure, and parental hypertension were assessed in 40 type 1 diabetic patients and 27 normal siblings (age<18 years) during a 2-year follow-up period. A double-antibody kit and an automated device were used for measuring 24-h AER and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), respectively. Patients had higher 24-h and daytime diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diastolic load, and daytime heart rate than siblings. Patients with hypertensive parents had higher 24-h DBP and diastolic load than patients with normotensive parents and all siblings. Non-dipping was more frequent in children with hypertensive parents ( P<0.05). Both diabetes ( P<0.001) and parental hypertension ( P<0.05) had independent effects on longitudinal AER (average AER during follow-up). Patients with intermittent or persistent microalbuminuria showed a trend towards higher diastolic load ( P<0.05); the latter group had higher 24-h DBP ( P<0.01). Longitudinal AER correlated with 24-h DBP ( P<0.01) and maternal mean blood pressure ( P<0.05). Since changes in blood pressure preceded persistent microalbuminuria, ABPM might help to identify diabetic children prone to nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Italiano de Mendoza, Argentina. zelmira@sinectis.com.ar
authors.forename: Zelmira
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guntsche
authors.forename: Fernando D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Saraví
authors.forename: Enrique A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Reynals
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rauek
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rauek
authors.forename: Enrique M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Guntsche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male