Oxidatively modified proteins in aging and disease.
There is a large body of evidence implicating oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of both normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative damage to proteins has been well established. Although there are a large number of potential oxidative modifications only a few have been systematically studied. The most frequently studied marker of oxidative damage to proteins is protein carbonyl groups. 3-Nitrotyrosine is thought to be a relatively specific marker of oxidative damage mediated by peroxynitrite. Increased concentrations of both protein carbonyls and 3-nitrotyrosine have been documented in both normal aging as well as in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These findings help to provide a rationale for trials of antioxidants in neurodegenerative diseases.
Beal
M Flint
MF
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA. fbeal@mail.med.cornell.edu
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid