title: Australian GPs are satisfied with their job: even more so in rural areas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Australia has seen a constriction of the scope of practice and of professional prerogatives for GPs in the 1990s, which is said to have led to lower job satisfaction, particularly for rural GPs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine levels of job satisfaction and mental health in a rural and an urban sample of GPs, and to correlate population and practice characteristics with lower job satisfaction and morale.
  
  
  METHODS
  A postal survey of GP members of two urban and four rural Divisions of General Practice in New South Wales was carried out using the Wall-Cook-Warr scale and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The overall response rate was 74%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both urban and rural Australian GPs were generally satisfied with their jobs; however, rural GPs had significantly higher job satisfaction scores. The highest levels of satisfaction were recorded for factors denoting autonomy. The lowest ranked factors were hours of work, income and government policy in general practice. GPs without psychological disturbance were significantly more satisfied with their work than those who were disturbed. Lower job satisfaction was significantly associated with urban GPs, GPs who worked full-time and those who used a language other than English during consultations. Poor mental health and working in an urban area were predictive of lower job satisfaction in men, and bulk-billing all patients (i.e. not charging patients a co-payment, but making a consolidated claim to the government funder Medicare) and working full-time were predictive of lower job satisfaction in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both urban and rural GPs derive a large measure of satisfaction from their job. In particular, rural GPs are satisfied, especially so with their autonomy. Poor mental health was the strongest predictor of lower job satisfaction. The high percentage of GPs with psychological disturbances raises the problem of their access to appropriate mental health services, in particular in rural areas.
authors.affiliation: School of Population Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009013:Morale; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019037:Urban Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data