title: Octogenarian free flap reconstruction: complications and cost of therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study goal was to document the reliability, incidence of complications, and cost of therapy for patients older than 80 years who undergo microvascular head and neck reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen octogenarians underwent free flap reconstruction of defects resulting from the treatment of head and neck cancer at an academic tertiary care medical center. The incidence of medical and reconstructive complications and the cost of hospitalization were compared with those for 99 younger patients who were treated during the same time period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no cases of free flap failure or significant reconstructive complications in the octogenarians. The incidence of medical complications was 62% in the octogenarians and 15% in the younger patients. The average cost of therapy was $54,702 per octogenarian patient compared with $30,397 per younger patient. The increased incidence of medical complications and increased cost arose primarily from an increased severity of preoperative systemic illness in the octogenarians. However, controlling for comorbidity did not eliminate the discrepancy in medical complications between the octogenarians and the younger patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although microvascular head and neck reconstruction in the elderly is very reliable, the incidence of medical complications and the cost of therapy are significantly increased in octogenarians.
authors.affiliation: Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, USA. kblackwe@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Keith E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Azizzadeh
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rawnsley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000191:economics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012307:Risk Factors; D013524:Surgical Flaps