title: Evaluation of the resistive index (RI) for the diagnosis of acute renal rejection in renal allografts from the same donor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the importance of the resistive index (RI) in the diagnosis of acute renal rejection, compared with the RI of the twin kidney from the same donor, transplanted in two different patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January to December 2000, we studied retrospectively 25 pairs (50 patients) of renal allografts from the same donor considering the RI obtained with by eco color-Doppler ultrasound, daily diuresis and renal function (serum creatinine level) in the first six days following surgery. Improvement of diuresis and renal function after corticosteroid therapy was considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute rejection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medical complications (acute renal rejection) in the first six days were occurred in three cases, two in the first transplanted kidney as first and one in the second; all three cases showed disappearance of the diastolic waveform component. Considering a RI variation >0.15 with respect to the initial value, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in the Doppler diagnosis of acute rejection were 100%, 97.1% and 97.3% respectively, with a prevalence of 7.8%. There were no statistically significant correlations between the RI variation of the renal transplant and the twin kidney from the same donor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Doppler ultrasound is an important diagnostic tool in the detection of medical complications in the immediate postoperative period and during renal transplant follow-up. RI analysis, when studied serially and in the right clinical settings, allows an early diagnosis of renal rejection with high sensibility and specificity.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa Radiologia Zompatori, Sezione Pneumonefro, Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sciascia
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Scioscio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zompatori
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faenza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cristino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zambianchi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liviano D'Arcangelo
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Scolari
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007683:Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color