title: Early invasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: criteria for nonradical surgical treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was undertaken to identify selection criteria for nonradical surgery for early invasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine patients with surgically treated cervical adenocarcinomas (with invasion to 5 mm or less) were examined clinicopathologically. The evaluation of stromal invasion was conducted according to the FIGO (1995) staging system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 46 (range: 29-73) years, and the median follow-up was 118 (9-348) months. Definitive treatment modalities included radical hysterectomy in 71 (89.9%) cases, modified radical hysterectomy in 2 (2.5%), and simple extrafascial hysterectomy without pelvic lymphadenectomy in 6 (7.6%). Postoperative adjuvant external radiation therapy was given to 5 (6.3%) patients. The histological subtypes were endocervical in 37 (46.8%) cases, endometrioid in 32 (40.5%), and adenosquamous in 10 (12.7%). Forty-one (51.9%) patients had lesions with up to 3 mm of stromal invasion; of these, 24 (58.5%) had lesions with up to 7 mm of horizontal extension (stage IA1). Thirty-eight (48.1%) patients had lesions with stromal invasion greater than 3 mm and no greater than 5 mm; of these, 4 had lesions with no wider than 7 mm of horizontal extension (stage IA2). Of 73 patients with pelvic lymphadenectomy, one (1.4%) tumor (depth: 5 mm; width: 15 mm) had node metastases. Parametrial involvement was present in one (1.4%) patient (lesion depth: 5 mm; lesion width: 16 mm). None had adnexal metastasis. Eighty-eight percent of the patients with stromal invasion up to 3 mm had well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, compared to 53% of the patients with lesions invading more than 3 mm. Of all of the patients, 5 (6.3%) patients who received curative radical hysterectomies had recurrences and died. Among 5 patients, one patient with central pelvic recurrence had a lesion invading to a depth of 3 mm and width of 7 mm, and the others had lesions with more than 3 mm of invasion and 15 to 36 mm of width.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with early invasive adenocarcinoma to a depth of 3 mm or less stromal invasion, including those who meet the criteria for FIGO stage IA1, may be treated with simple extrafascial hysterectomy without lymphadenectomy and oophorectomy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsujkiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. takasama@ncc.go.jp
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasamatsu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiromizu
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsunematsu
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohmi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*