title: Activation of NF-kappaB by R5 and X4 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 induces macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha in macrophages.
abstract: NF-kappaB is a transcriptional activator that often regulates inflammatory responses. We demonstrate that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activates nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in macrophages in a manner dependent upon virus strain but independent of virus replication. Through the use of an inhibitor, NF-kappaB activation was found to be responsible for the cytokine and chemokine induction that we recently reported.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Virology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10019, USA.
authors.forename: Wonkyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Volsky
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Potash
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha