title: Effect of free fall on higher plants.
abstract: The influence of exposure to the free fall state on the orientation, morphogenesis, physiology, and radiation response of higher plants is briefly summarized. It is proposed that the duration of the space-flight experiments has been too brief to permit meaningful effects of free fall on general biochemistry, growth and development to appear. However, two types of significant effect did occur. The first is on differential growth, i.e. tropism and epinasty, resulting from the absence of a normal geostimulus. For these phenomena it is suggested that ground-based experiments with the clinostat would suffice to mimic the effect of the free fall state. The second is an apparent interaction between the radiation response and some flight condition, yielding an enhanced microspore abortion, a disturbed spindle function, and a stunting of stamen hairs. It is suggested that this apparent interaction may be derived from a shift in the rhythm of the cell cycle, induced by the free fall.
authors: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill., USA.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Gordon
mesh_terms: D002212:Capsicum / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D018518:Plant Root Cap / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018087:Plastids / Q000502:physiology*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D013026:Space Flight; D014908:Triticum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014893:Weightlessness; D014965:X-Rays