title: Arthroscopic removal of dorsoproximal chip fractures of the proximal phalanx in standing horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a technique for, and outcome after, arthroscopic removal of dorsoproximal chip fractures of a proximal phalanx in standing horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 104 horses, 1 to 13 years of age, with a dorsoproximal chip fracture of a proximal phalanx.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses were restrained in standing stocks and sedated with intravenous xylazine, detomidine, or a combination of both drugs. Local analgesia was achieved with 2% mepivacaine administered intra-articularly and by subcutaneous infiltration in a crescent-shaped block dorsal to the fetlock. Sterile drapes were placed on the surgical field, and impervious drapes were used on the hoof and floor. Arthroscopic portals were created in the dorsal pouch of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints to remove chip fractures. Statistical analysis was performed on race records for all Thoroughbred racehorses and compared with previously published studies. Operative and hospitalization times were compared with those of the general hospital population, and risks associated with general anesthesia were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No major operative or postoperative complications occurred. Ninety-one percent of racehorses raced after surgery with 78% returning to race at the same or higher level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standing arthroscopic surgery can be performed successfully to remove dorsoproximal chip fractures of the proximal phalanx.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standing arthroscopic surgery is a valid alternative treatment for experienced surgeons to avoid the expense and potential risks associated with general anesthesia.
authors: Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.
authors: Yvonne A
authors: YA
authors: Elce
authors: Dean W
authors: DW
authors: Richardson
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D001947:Breeding; D005260:Female; D015775:Fractures, Stress / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D006736:Horses / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D013177:Sports