The placenta in multiple pregnancy: outstanding issues.
The present paper reviews the placental development in multiple gestations and highlights the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, its recognition and possible therapy, and some of the consequences of fetal death of one twin. It presents data on discordance for structural anomalies in monozygotic twins. These aspects are discussed with respect to their possible pathogenetic origins.
Benirschke
K
K
University of California San Diego, University Medical Center, 92103-8321, USA. kbenirsc@ucsd.edu
Masliah
E
E
D000757:Anencephaly / Q000473:pathology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D009056:Mouth Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic