title: Repeated ozone exposures enhance bronchial allergen responses in subjects with rhinitis or asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single exposures to > 200 p.p.b. of ozone are capable of enhancing the early-phase lung function response to allergen.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of single vs. repeated exposures to ozone on early and late-phase allergen responses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven subjects with allergic asthma and 22 subjects with allergic rhinitis underwent single exposures to filtered air, 125 p.p.b. and 250 p.p.b. ozone, as well as repeated exposures to 125 p.p.b. ozone on four consecutive days. Twenty hours after the (final) exposure, subjects inhaled a single dose of allergen and a sputum induction was performed 6-7 h later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the subjects with rhinitis, the mean early-phase response of FEV1 and the number of > or = 20% reductions were significantly greater after exposure to 250 or 4 x 125 p.p.b. ozone compared with filtered air. In addition, most of the > or = 15% late-phase responses in FEV1 occurred after exposure to 4 x 125 p.p.b., as well as the strongest effects on sputum parameters. The rise in the number of eosinophils was statistically significant in both groups. Regarding the number of lymphocytes and the concentrations of mast cell tryptase, histamine or LDH, significance was, however, only reached in the asthma group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that repeated exposure to ozone, at a peak ambient air level, can enhance both functional and inflammatory responses to inhaled allergen in subjects with pre-existing allergic airway diseases, and that these effects might reach a clinically relevant magnitude.
authors: Hospital Grosshansdorf, Center for Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery, Grosshansdorf, Germany. o.holz@pulmoresearch.de
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Holz
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mücke
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Paasch
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Böhme
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Timm
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Richter
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Magnussen
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Jörres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000187:drug effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010126:Ozone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D010126:Ozone