title: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis response and biotransformation of oral naltrexone: preliminary examination of relationship to family history of alcoholism.
abstract: We examined HPA axis response to 50 mg oral naltrexone compared with placebo in 17 healthy male and female nonalcoholic subjects, approximately half of whom had a positive family history of alcoholism (FH+) and half of whom who did not (FH-). Mood response and naltrexone biotransformation were also examined at various intervals. Subjects participated in two morning test sessions (50 mg naltrexone or identical placebo pill) after an overnight stay in the Rockefeller University GCRC. For the total sample, ACTH and cortisol significantly increased after naltrexone compared with placebo (p <.05). Secondary analyses showed the FH+ subgroup had a different pattern of response over time compared with the FH- subgroup, with heightened ACTH and cortisol, and decreased vigor ratings, during naltrexone (p <.05). The results demonstrate that orally administered naltrexone acutely disinhibits the HPA axis, and that individuals with an assumed greater biological vulnerability to addiction, by virtue of familial alcoholism, had altered regulation of the HPA axis in part under the control of the endogenous opioid system. 166 words.
authors: University of Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. aking@yoda.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors: Andrea C
authors: AC
authors: King
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Schluger
authors: Mithat
authors: M
authors: Gunduz
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Borg
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Perret
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Ho
authors: Mary Jeanne
authors: MJ
authors: Kreek
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009271:Naltrexone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone