title: Minimally invasive procedures. Interventional MR image-guided functional neurosurgery.
abstract: Intraoperative MR imaging techniques have the potential to greatly improve the stereotactic methods used for functional neurosurgery. No longer are neurosurgeons and patients always constrained by uncomfortable head frames and conventional stereotaxy. Accuracy and complication avoidance are improved by intraoperative imaging. Safety of operative machinery and equipment in an MR imaging operative suite is attainable, even with deep brain stimulating electrodes in depth electrodes for epilepsy. Although cost-effectiveness remains to be determined (see article by Kucharczyk et al in this issue), the minor inconveniences of operating within an iMRI environment seem to be significantly outweighed by the benefits.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. ray.chu@stanfordalumni.org
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Chu
authors: R P
authors: RP
authors: Tummala
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kucharczyk
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Truwit
authors: R E
authors: RE
authors: Maxwell
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional