title: [Do tissue marker clips after sonographically or stereotactically guided breast biopsy improve follow-up of small breast lesions and localisation of breast cancer after chemotherapy?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We wanted to determine if tissue marker clips after sonographically or stereotactically guided breast biopsy improve the follow-up of small breast lesions classified BI-RADS 4/5 and the localisation of breast cancer (TNM stage 2 or 3) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective analysis was performed of 108 breast lesions 1 cm or smaller mammographically classified as BI-RADS 4/5 and 14 breast lesions larger than 2 cm mammographically classified as BI-RADS 5. 33 of the 108 breast lesions 1 cm or smaller underwent sonographic core cut breast biopsy (group 1) and 75 stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (group 2). All 14 lesions greater than 2 cm were stereotactically vacuum-assisted breast biopsied (group 3). The centre of the lesion was marked by a clip after the biopsy. Mammographies were performed in all patients of group 1 and 2 with a histologically benign finding (n = 31, n = 69, respectively) and in all patients of group 3 directly after clip placement and after 6 and 12 months. Clip localisation and possible divergence from the original position were verified by a grid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients of group 1 and 6 patients of group 2 had breast conservative surgery (BET) because of the histological diagnosis of a ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer. The tissue marker clips of the remaining 31 patients of group 1 and 69 patients of group 2 diverged with a mean value of 0.4 cm (standard deviation +/- 0.23 cm; range 0.1 cm to 0.9 cm) from their placement position after 6 months. After 12 months the marker clips deviated with a mean value of 0.4 cm (standard deviation +/- 0.21 cm; range 0.1 cm to 0.9 cm) in 94 patients and 0.8 cm (standard deviation +/- 0.25 cm; range 0.1 cm to 0.9 cm) in 6 patients from their original location. No tumour progression of the benign lesions in group 1 and 2 was diagnosed in follow-up mammograms. In all patients of group 3 the tissue marker clips were the only possibility to localize the tumour after neoadjuvant chemotherapy as all other diagnostic methods showed inconsistent results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positioning a tissue marker clip in the tumour centre seems to be reasonable after interventional biopsy of breast lesions of 1.0 cm or smaller and before neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
authors: Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Schulz-Wendtland
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Heywang-Köbrunner
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Aichinger
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Krämer
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Wenkel
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Bautz
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents