End-to-side neurorrhaphy.
End-to-side neurorrhaphy, a possible strategy for treating nerve lesions without useable proximal nerve stumps, has been experimentally and clinically investigated. In end-to-side neurorrhaphy, three main elements should be considered: 1) the induction of axonal collateral sprouting in the donor nerve; 2) the ability of the collateral axons to pierce the different conjunctival layers, including the ability the donor nerve basal laminae, to reinnervate the recipient nerve; and 3) the functional plasticity and behavioral readjustment of single motoneurons that have eventually adopted new motor units. This article reviews the following areas of research and clinical investigation: animal models, axonal collateral sprouting from end-to-side neurorrhaphy, effect of epineurotomy and perineurotomy on axon regeneration, motor reinnervation, and clinical trials.
Zhang
Feng
F
Division of Plastic Surgery, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA.
Fischer
Kenneth A
KA
D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity