title: Caffeine-reinforced conditioned flavor preferences in rats.
abstract: In 4 experiments, rats were trained to associate 1 of 2 differently flavored solutions with caffeine. During later 2-bottle extinction tests, they consistently preferred flavors that had been previously mixed with 2 lower (0.25 and 0.125 mg/ml), but not 2 higher (0.5 and 0.75 mg/ml), caffeine concentrations. Hunger during conditioning increased the size of these preferences, but neither preexposure to unflavored caffeine nor hunger during the choice test had any effect on them. Because caffeine is noncaloric, this last finding strengthens the hypothesis that hunger enhances the expression of only calorie-based conditioned flavor preferences. More fundamentally, the present results represent the first clear evidence that, through Pavlovian conditioning, rats can develop preferences for flavors associated with caffeine.
authors: Department of Psychology, Plymouth State College, New Hampshire 03264, USA.
authors: Paul M
authors: PM
authors: Fedorchak
authors: Jeffrey
authors: J
authors: Mesita
authors: Scott A
authors: SA
authors: Plater
authors: Katera
authors: K
authors: Brougham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine