The advantage of early recognition of HIV-infected cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
Accumulating evidence indicates that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) play an important role in the clearing of primary and control of chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we discuss recent findings that indicate that the timing of target cell recognition critically contributes to CTL effectiveness. In this light several problems that have troubled CTL research are discussed. The use of early proteins like Tat and Rev is proposed for future vaccines design.
Gruters
Rob A
RA
Department of Virology, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
van Baalen
Carel A
CA
Osterhaus
Albert D M E
AD
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015694:Gene Products, rev / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D020276:HIV Long-Term Survivors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007630:Kenya; D008251:Macaca; D051379:Mice; D011477:Sex Work; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology; D054321:rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D015694:Gene Products, rev; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D015488:HIV Antigens; D006680:HLA Antigens; D054321:rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus