title: A rare case of shunt malfunction attributable to blockage of a Codman-Hakim programmable shunt valve.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report a rare case of shunt malfunction resulting from blockage of a Codman-Hakim programmable shunt valve by fibrinoid-like tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient had undergone shunt system placement for hydrocephalus after hemorrhagic infarction at the age of 8 months; a Codman-Hakim programmable shunt valve was used at that time.
  Two years after shunt placement, the boy suffered from irritability and poor activity when the aforementioned shunt malfunction arose following valve blockage by fibrinoid-like tissues. He underwent shunt revision and was subsequently free of symptoms.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors: Kunikazu
authors: K
authors: Kurosaki
authors: Hideo
authors: H
authors: Hamada
authors: Nakamasa
authors: N
authors: Hayashi
authors: Masanori
authors: M
authors: Kurimoto
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Hirashima
authors: Shunro
authors: S
authors: Endo
mesh_terms: D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D012086:Reoperation; D012984:Software; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed