title: Retro-translocation of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol.
abstract: Proteins that are misfolded in the endoplasmic reticulum are transported back into the cytosol for destruction by the proteasome. This retro-translocation pathway has been co-opted by certain viruses, and by plant and bacterial toxins. The mechanism of retro-translocation is still mysterious, but several aspects of this process are now being unravelled.
authors: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors: Billy
authors: B
authors: Tsai
authors: Yihong
authors: Y
authors: Ye
authors: Tom A
authors: TA
authors: Rapoport
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D017510:Protein Folding; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011506:Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases