title: Enhanced guided bone regeneration with a resorbable chamber containing demineralized bone matrix.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effectiveness of a nonporous poly-DL-lactide tubular chamber in guiding bone regeneration through a long bone defect had already been assessed in an experimental model using the rabbit radius. The injection of bone marrow stem cells into the chamber had proven to enhance bone regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study reports on the development of the above research project in a subsequent stage. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) obtained by milling New Zealand rabbit femoral and tibial diaphyses was placed into a tubular chamber. A 10-mm defect was bilaterally created in the radii of 10 rabbits. On the left side (chamber side) the defect was treated by means of a poly-DL-lactide chamber filled with DBM, whereas DBM alone was used on the right side (control).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Controls were performed at 3 and 6 months by radiographs and histomorphometry and demonstrated better bone growth on the chamber side versus the control side. A comparison with the results previously obtained by stem cell injection into the chamber revealed significant acceleration of bone regrowth in the first 3 months because of the addition of DBM to the chamber. However, no significant difference was found between the two sides after 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results have confirmed the effectiveness of the chamber as a container for the factors promoting bone regeneration, probably because the osteogenetic activity is maintained in situ.
authors: Experimental Surgery Department, Codivilla Putti Research Institute, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. roberto.giardino@ior.it
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Giardino
authors: Nicolo N
authors: NN
authors: Aldini
authors: Milena
authors: M
authors: Fini
authors: Gianluca
authors: G
authors: Giavaresi
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Torricelli
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D024803:Biomedical Enhancement; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D011817:Rabbits; D011884:Radius / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology