Psychiatry of whiplash neck injury.
BACKGROUND
The psychiatric outcome of whiplash neck injury is controversial.


OBJECTIVE
To describe outcomes and predictors as compared with other types of road accident injury.


METHODS
Consecutive emergency department attenders (n=1148; whiplash 278) assessed by self-report at baseline, 3 months, 1 year and 3 years.


RESULTS
Moderate to severe pain was reported by 27% of whiplash sufferers at 1 year and by 30% at 3 years. Psychiatric consequences were common and persistent. Whiplash victims and those with bony injury were more likely to seek compensation. Accident and early post-accident psychosocial variables predicted the pain at 1 year. Claiming compensation at 3 months predicted the pain at 1 year for those with whiplash or bony injury.


CONCLUSIONS
There is no special psychiatry of whiplash neck injury. Psychological variables and consequences are important following whiplash in a similar manner to other types of injury.
Mayou
Richard
R
Oxford University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
Bryant
Bridget
B
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018868:Insurance, Disability; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000523:psychology*