title: Modulatory effects of ketamine on catecholamine efflux from in vivo cardiac sympathetic nerve endings in cats.
abstract: With the use of the microdialysis technique, we examined the modulatory effect of ketamine on catecholamine efflux from in vivo cardiac sympathetic nerve endings. A dialysis probe was implanted in the left ventricular myocardium, and dialysate norepinephrine (NE) levels in anesthetized cats were measured with liquid chromatogram-electrical detection. A 60-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery caused increases in dialysate NE levels. Through the dialysis probe, locally applied ketamine (10 mM) augmented the dialysate NE responses to coronary occlusion in the presence and absence of desipramine (membrane NE transport blocker). Thus, the ketamine-induced NE increment is not mediated through the neuronal NE transporter. The sympathomimetic action of ketamine may augment the NE efflux evoked by myocardial ischemia.
authors: Department of Anesthesia, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama, Japan.
authors: Hirotoshi
authors: H
authors: Kitagawa
authors: Toji
authors: T
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Akiyama
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Yahagi
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Kawada
authors: Hidezo
authors: H
authors: Mori
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Sunagawa
mesh_terms: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D002415:Cats; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017779:Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D027981:Symporters / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002395:Catecholamines; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D027981:Symporters; D007649:Ketamine; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA; D003891:Desipramine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine