title: Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) intake assessment and possible biomarkers of CLA intake in young women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The habitual intake of the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer C18:2 c9t11 (rumenic acid, RA) was assessed and compared with plasma biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The newly developed food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) comprised 46 food items and was validated by means of a 7-day estimated record (7-d ER). Additionally, the dietary intake results of the FFQ, 7-d ER, the last day (1-d ER) and the last two days (2-d ER) before blood sampling of the 7-d ER were compared to the content of C18:2 c9t11 in plasma phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG) as possible biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolic unit of a university institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven students completed both dietary instruments. From all participants fasting blood samples were taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean daily intake of rumenic acid was 246 mg day(-1) and 323 mg day(-1) as measured by the FFQ and the 7-d-ER, respectively. The degree of correspondence between both assessment methods was acceptable; this is indicated by a total kappa value of kappa = 0.31 (P < 0.01) and a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.46 (P < 0.01). Rumenic acid content in plasma triglycerides was twice as high as found in phospholipids. The correlation between the intake results gained with the 7-d ER and the plasma PL contents of C18:2 c9t11 was statistically significant; this was also true for the C18:2 c9tl 1 values in plasma TG compared with the intake results of one or two days before blood sampling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding RA intake, the FFQ data revealed an acceptable degree of correspondence with the 7-d ER data but failed to show significant correlations to the potential biomarkers. However, with respect to the results of the 7-d ER, the RA content in plasma PL and TG are possible biomarkers of short-term and medium-term intake, respectively.
authors: Department für Lebensmittel und Ernährung, Technische Universität München-Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany. dorothee.fremann@weihenstephan.de
authors: Dorothee
authors: D
authors: Fremann
authors: Jakob
authors: J
authors: Linseisen
authors: Günther
authors: G
authors: Wolfram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D019787:Linoleic Acid