Heritability of subclinical atherosclerosis in Latino families ascertained through a hypertensive parent.
Although clinical coronary heart disease and many cardiovascular risk factors are well known to aggregate within families, the heritability of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) is less well documented. We report IMT heritability estimates in Mexican American, Salvadoran American, or Guatemalan American (all referred to as Latino) families ascertained through a hypertensive proband. IMT and cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, blood pressure, body mass index, lipids, fasting glucose, and insulin sensitivity) were measured in 204 adult offspring of 69 hypertensive probands, along with 82 parents (54 probands and 28 spouses). In the offspring, variance component analysis revealed a heritability for IMT of 64% (P< 0.0001) after adjustment for significant cardiovascular risk factors. Genetic factors accounted for 50% of the total variation in IMT, whereas significant cardiovascular risk factors explained 22% (14% were due to age). For offspring and parents combined, adjusted IMT heritability was less, 34% (P=0.0005), with genetic factors accounting for 18% of the total IMT variation, whereas significant cardiovascular risk factors explained 46% (38% were due to age). We conclude that variation in common carotid artery IMT is heritable in Latino families with a hypertensive proband. Heritability is particularly evident in younger family members, suggesting that acquired factors contribute progressively to IMT variability with aging.
Xiang
Anny H
AH
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
Azen
Stanley P
SP
Buchanan
Thomas A
TA
Raffel
Leslie J
LJ
Tan
Sylvia
S
Cheng
L S-C
LS
Diaz
Justo
J
Toscano
Edgar
E
Quinonnes
M
M
Liu
C R
CR
Liu
C H
CH
Castellani
Lawrence W
LW
Hsueh
Willa A
WA
Rotter
Jerome I
JI
Hodis
Howard N
HN
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010290:Parents; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology