title: Compelling reasons for recommending IUDs to any woman of reproductive age.
abstract: The intrauterine device (IUD) is a highly effective method of contraception that, as opposed to other countries around the world, is underutilized in the United States by women of all ages. Lingering concerns about the safety of IUDs are in large part responsible for their lack of adoption, but a systematic review published recently nullified some of the major safety concerns about IUD use. The author summarized the methodologically sound evidence regarding the risk of upper-genital-tract infection and infertility associated with IUD use and reported that a slightly increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) exists only in the first month following IUD insertion; that the risk of PID in women with symptomless sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) having an IUD inserted is similar to the risk in women not having an IUD inserted; and that there appears to be no negative effect on fertility following IUD removal. In addition, Mirena provides noncontraceptive benefits, such as treatment for menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and anemia, and ParaGard may help protect against endometrial cancer. An IUD is also a safer alternative to sterilization for perimenopausal women seeking a long-term and also reversible method of contraception. While both IUDs are suitable for many women of all ages, there are differences in their mechanisms of action, physical characteristics, and clinical effects that make each more or less appropriate for certain women.
authors: Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Women's and Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors: Raquel D
authors: RD
authors: Arias
mesh_terms: D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000628:therapy; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects; D008595:Menorrhagia / Q000628:therapy; D018579:Patient Selection; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications