title: Nocardia farcinica spinal osteomyelitis.
abstract: METHODS
  A case of disseminated Nocardia farcinica infection with spine involvement is reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the first case of Nocardia farcinica spinal osteomyelitis, and to propose spine instrumentation with debridement and multiple antibiotics for treatment of nocardia spinal osteomyelitis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Only 11 cases involving Nocardia asteroides spinal osteomyelitis have been reported over the past 40 years. These case reports describe various presentations and treatments of nocardia spinal osteomyelitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 54-year-old nonambulant, paraparetic man was admitted to the authors' hospital with acutely increased low back pain, fever, and signs of dementia. A disseminated Nocardia farcinica infection including spinal osteomyelitis at T11, T12, L1, L2, and L4; epidural abscess T10-L4, L5-S1 discitis, empyemas, cerebral abscess, and bilateral psoas abscess was noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antibiotic therapy, multiple debridements, and posterior instrumentation were performed to palliate the Nocardia farcinica infection. At a recent 3-year follow-up assessment, the patient was independent and ambulant. He had been off antibiotics for 5 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous case reports of nocardia spinal osteomyelitis describe treatment with antibiotics, debridements, and arthrodesis with autologous bone graft. Prolonged recumbency ensued. In the reported case, a combination of antibiotics, debridements, arthrodesis, and posterior instrumentation for immediate stabilization of the spine resulted in a favorable outcome at 3 years.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors: Harm C A
authors: HC
authors: Graat
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Van Ooij
authors: Gregory A
authors: GA
authors: Day
authors: I Bruce
authors: IB
authors: McPhee
mesh_terms: D020802:Epidural Abscess / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009615:Nocardia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery