title: In vitro antiinflammatory activity of kalopanaxsaponin A isolated from Kalopanax pictus in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.
abstract: In the present study, effects of various hederagenin monodesmosides isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus Nakai, such as hederagenin, 5-hederin, kalopanaxsaponin A, kalopanaxsaponin 1, and sapindoside C, have been evaluated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release by the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Among the tested monodesmosides, kalopanxsaponin A was the most potent inhibitor of NO production, and it also significantly decreased PGE2 and TNF-alpha release. Consistent with these observations, the expression level of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzyme was inhibited by kalopanxsaponin A in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, this study suggests that kalopanaxsaponin A-mediated inhibition of iNOS, COX-2 expression, and TNF-alpha release may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus Nakai.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Young-Kwan
authors: YK
authors: Kim
authors: Ryung-Gue
authors: RG
authors: Kim
authors: So-Jung
authors: SJ
authors: Park
authors: Joo-Hun
authors: JH
authors: Ha
authors: Jong-Won
authors: JW
authors: Choi
authors: Hee-Juhn
authors: HJ
authors: Park
authors: Kyung-Tae
authors: KT
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D027481:Araliaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D012503:Saponins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C460644:kalopanax saponin A; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone