title: Effects of carprofen (R and S enantiomers and racemate) on the production of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha by equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes.
abstract: Chondrocytes and synoviocytes harvested from the joints of healthy horses were maintained in tissue culture. Production of the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the effects of addition of carprofen (racemate and R and S enantiomers) were determined. Lipopolysaccharide failed to stimulate TNF-alpha activity in both cell types but concentrations of IL-1 and IL-6 were both increased in a concentration and time-related manner. Both carprofen enantiomers and the racemic mixture attenuated the increase in IL-6 induced by LPS in synoviocytes, and S carprofen exerted a similar effect on chondrocytes. Neither enantiomer nor the racemate of carprofen suppressed the increase in IL-1 release produced by LPS in chondrocytes and synoviocytes. An action of carprofen to suppress IL-6 release might contribute to the actions which occur in vivo.
authors: Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Campus, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Armstrong
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Lees
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006736:Horses / Q000276:immunology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007536:Isomerism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002227:Carbazoles; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C007005:carprofen