Predicting methanol clearance during hemodialysis when direct measurement is not available.
The appropriate treatment of a patient with methanol intoxication includes the use of a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase (ethanol, p.o. or i.v., or fomepizole) to prevent the metabolism of methanol to formaldehyde and formic acid. Where available, dialysis can be added to this therapy, since methanol is cleared well by hemodialysis. The ability to predict the time course of methanol elimination in any given patient is an essential factor in planning his or her care. Where the availability of ethanol, bicarbonate, nursing time, or dialysis machines is limited, such predictions can be used to allocate these resources quite accurately within a couple of hours of starting treatment. Even when direct measurement of methanol by gas chromatography is not readily available, its level can be estimated indirectly by a quick and easy method, using available laboratory values. The length of time necessary to clear the methanol below a toxic level can be predicted accurately. Careful interpretation of laboratory values can result in early treatment, correct treatment time, and a positive patient outcome.
McMurray
Margo
M
Burr Satellite Dialysis Unit, Kingston General Hospital, in Kingston, Ontario.
Carty
Diane
D
Toffelmire
Edwin B
EB
D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning*
D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D000432:Methanol