HIV subtypes and recombination strains--strategies for induction of immune responses in man.
Clinical and experimental studies of HIV-1 subcomponents were made in order to increase their immunogenicity. HIV subtype envelopes A, B and C have been compared and a detailed analysis made by peptides of the coreceptor-ligand interactions. We identified a direct interaction between HIV-1 envelope and a cellular receptor at the amino acid level. Both the viral subtype and its tropism appeared to influence inhibition of infection. Genetic immunization induced new cytotoxic responses while proteins appeared to efficiently boost previous responses. One HIV-1 subtype B antigen was strongly immunogenic in a human immunotherapeutic trial and permitted better survival at 2 years of the study in patients with poor prognosis.
Wahren
Britta
B
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Department of Venereology, South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, 171 82 Stockholm, Sweden. britta.wahren@smi.ki.se
Ljungberg
K
K
Rollman
E
E
Levi
M
M
Zuber
B
B
Kjerrström Zuber
A
A
Hinkula
J
J
Leandersson
A-C
AC
Calarota
S
S
Hejdeman
B
B
Bratt
G
G
Sandström
E
E
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015752:Genes, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000276:immunology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins