title: HIV subtypes and recombination strains--strategies for induction of immune responses in man.
abstract: Clinical and experimental studies of HIV-1 subcomponents were made in order to increase their immunogenicity. HIV subtype envelopes A, B and C have been compared and a detailed analysis made by peptides of the coreceptor-ligand interactions. We identified a direct interaction between HIV-1 envelope and a cellular receptor at the amino acid level. Both the viral subtype and its tropism appeared to influence inhibition of infection. Genetic immunization induced new cytotoxic responses while proteins appeared to efficiently boost previous responses. One HIV-1 subtype B antigen was strongly immunogenic in a human immunotherapeutic trial and permitted better survival at 2 years of the study in patients with poor prognosis.
authors: Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Department of Venereology, South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, 171 82 Stockholm, Sweden. britta.wahren@smi.ki.se
authors: Britta
authors: B
authors: Wahren
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ljungberg
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Rollman
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Levi
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Zuber
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kjerrström Zuber
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Hinkula
authors: A-C
authors: AC
authors: Leandersson
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Calarota
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Hejdeman
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Bratt
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sandström
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015752:Genes, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000276:immunology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins