title: Incisional self-administration of bupivacaine or ropivacaine provides effective analgesia after inguinal hernia repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and applicability of two local anesthetic (LA) solutions self-administered for pain treatment after inguinal hernia repair (IHR) by balloon-pumps via catheters placed in the surgical wound. Effectiveness of analgesia was also compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of patients for IHR were included in the randomized, double-blind study. An epidural catheter was placed in the surgical wound, tunneled subcutaneously and connected to a balloon-pump containing either 0.25% bupivacaine (B) or 0.25% ropivacaine (R). Postoperatively, the patient self-administered the LA into the wound. Administration could be repeated after 20 min. If moderate to severe pain still persisted, rescue medication (piritramid) was given intravenously. The variables recorded in both groups were: visual analogue scale (VAS), pain scores at rest and with movement, number of applications, wound healing, patients' satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the first 24 hr, median number of LA applications in 26 B patients was 4 (range 1-6) and in 25 R patients 3 (range 1-5). Both groups showed low VAS pain scores: less than 2 at rest, less than 4 with movement. Eighty percent of patients of each group would choose this type of analgesia again. Two patients from B Group and three from R Group needed rescue medication. No wound infection was observed. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-administration of the LA solution via a catheter in the surgical wound is an effective method of pain relief after IHR with little side-effects.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. neli.vintar@mf.uni-lj.si
authors: Neli
authors: N
authors: Vintar
authors: Gorazd
authors: G
authors: Pozlep
authors: Narinder
authors: N
authors: Rawal
authors: Marija
authors: M
authors: Godec
authors: Slavko
authors: S
authors: Rakovec
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002404:Catheterization; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D012646:Self Administration; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine