title: Failure to reduce short-term appetite following alcohol is independent of beliefs about the presence of alcohol.
abstract: Previously, it has been reported that energy consumed as alcohol prior to lunch does not result in subsequent reductions in voluntary food intake, and in some situations alcohol can increase subsequent appetite. The present study extends these findings by examining the effects of beliefs about alcohol content. Eighteen unrestrained men ate lunch 20 min after a preload of either water, an alcoholic beer or a non-alcoholic beer matched for energy content. Food intake was significantly less following the non-alcoholic beer than after alcohol or water, but when preload energy was included subjects had a higher overall energy intake on the day they consumed alcohol compared with both water and no-alcohol conditions. There were no significant differences in hunger or fullness ratings following the three drinks before or after the test meal, but the specific relationship between rated hunger and intake within the test meal was altered by the drink manipulation. The rate at which hunger decreased, and fullness increased, was slower after alcohol than after water or no-alcohol. The drinks did not alter the pleasantness of the test meal or increase hunger at the start of eating. When contrasted with previous work, these data confirm that alcohol consumed before lunch fails to reduce subsequent food intake, but also suggests that changes in rated appetite are influenced by beliefs about alcohol content.
authors: Experimental Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK. martin@biols.sussex.ac.uk
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Yeomans
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects*; D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis; D004435:Eating; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D011600:Psychopharmacology; D012527:Satiation; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol