The repressor for an organic peroxide-inducible operon is uniquely regulated at multiple levels.
ohrR encodes a novel organic peroxide-inducible transcription repressor, and we have demonstrated that ohrR is regulated at the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional levels. Primer extension results show that ohrR transcription initiates at the A residue of the ATG translation initiation codon for the ohrR coding sequence. Thus, the gene has a leaderless mRNA. The ohrR promoter (P1) has high homology to the consensus sequence for Xanthomonas promoters, which is reflected in the high in vivo promoter activity of P1. Deletion of a 139 bp fragment containing the P1 promoter showed that the sequences upstream of -35 regions were required for neither the promoter activity nor OhrR autoregulation. In vitro, purified OhrR specifically binds to the P1 promoter. DNase I footprinting of OhrR binding to the P1 revealed a 44 bp region of protection on both DNA strands. The protected regions include the -35 and -10 regions of P1. We suggest that OhrR represses gene expression by blocking RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. There are two steps in the post-transcriptional regulation of ohrR, namely differential stability and inefficient translation of the mRNA. The bicistronic ohrR-ohr mRNA was highly labile and underwent rapid processing in vivo to give only stable monocistronic ohr mRNA and undetectable ohrR mRNA. Furthermore, the ohrR mRNA was inefficiently translated. We propose that, in uninduced cells, the concentration of OhrR is maintained at low levels by the autoregulation mechanism at the transcriptional levels and by the ohrR mRNA instability coupled with inefficient translation at the post-transcriptional level. Upon exposure to an organic peroxide, the compound probably interacts with OhrR and prevents it from repressing the P1 promoter, thus allowing high-level expression of the ohrR-ohr operon. The rapid processing of bicistronic mRNA gives highly stable ohr mRNA and corresponding high levels of Ohr, which remove an organic per-oxide. Once the peroxide has been removed, the autoregulation mechanism feeds back to inhibit the expression of the operon.
Mongkolsuk
Skorn
S
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Lak Si, Bangkok 10210, Thailand. skorn@tubtim.cri.or.th
Panmanee
Warunya
W
Atichartpongkul
Sopapan
S
Vattanaviboon
Paiboon
P
Whangsuk
Wirongrong
W
Fuangthong
Mayuree
M
Eiamphungporn
Warawan
W
Sukchawalit
Rojana
R
Utamapongchai
Supa
S
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009875:Operator Regions, Genetic; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000235:genetics*; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003062:Codon; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases