title: Effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and its constituents on carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme activities and glutathione levels in mouse liver.
abstract: The effects of a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves (EGb) and its terpene constituents, bilobalide and ginkgolides, on the activities of detoxification enzymes, i.e., glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and DT-diaphorase, and glutathione contents, were investigated in the mouse liver. Oral treatment with EGb (100-1,000 mg/kg) and bilobalide (10-30 mg/kg) once a day for 4 days caused a dose-dependent elevation in GST activity. Ginkgolide A (30 mg/kg, for 4 days) also significantly elevated GST activity, whereas ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C at the same dose had no effects. EGb significantly increased the protein level of GST pi, and bilobalide significantly increased those of GST alpha and GST mu Moreover, EGb-treatment and bilobalide-treatment caused significant elevations in DT-diaphorase activity and in hepatic glutathione contents.
authors: Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan. ksasaki@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Sasaki
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Hatta
authors: Keiji
authors: K
authors: Wada
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Ueda
authors: Teruki
authors: T
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Endo
authors: Masakatsu
authors: M
authors: Sakata
authors: Takuji
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
authors: Masanobu
authors: M
authors: Haga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004224:Diterpenes; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry*; D046934:Ginkgolides; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004224:Diterpenes; D005663:Furans; D046934:Ginkgolides; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C045856:ginkgolide B; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; C073710:bilobalide