title: [Penetration of cervical mucus by native and cryopreserved sperm--the Kremer test].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The penetration of native and cryopreserved human spermatozoa into cervical mucus--the Kremer's test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Faculty Hospital, Plzen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human cervical mucus was collected from 73 women visiting the Division of immunology of reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Plzen. Native spermatozoa was obtained from the patients of the Division of Immunology of Reproduction as well. Cryopreserved only in its seminal plasma was obtained from the spermabank of our department. The distance of penetration in centimetres from the start was examined in inverse microscopy after 30, 60, 90 and 90 minutes. Also the character and duration of the sperm motility was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The penetration of native spermatozoa was higher than the penetration of cryopreserved spermatozoa in each case. The native spermatozoa had a higher penetrability, motility and life-ability. Spermatozoa preserved only in its seminal plasma had the parameters demonstrably lower. Nevertheless these spermatozoa can be successfully used for homologue or heterologue insemination or for IVF because these spermatozoa do not loose its enzymatic and remaining energetic equipment by penetration the cervical canal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Kremer's test belongs to the reliable methods of penetration ability of native and cryopreserved sperms.
authors: Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika LF UK a FN Plzen.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Semberová
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pískatá
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Ulcová-Gallová
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Krizanovská
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Netrvalová
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kucerová
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Rokyta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000502:physiology*; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012662:Semen Preservation; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*