Mycotoxin production by Fusarium avenaceum strains isolated from Norwegian grain and the cytotoxicity of rice culture extracts to porcine kidney epithelial cells.
The secondary metabolites of 24 isolates of Fusarium avenaceum from Norwegian cereals and grown on rice have been characterized. Moniliformin (MON), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvericin (BEA) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK15, American Type Culture Collection) were used to study the cytotoxicity of MON in the extracts. The following metabolites were produced by all isolates, ranked by concentration in rice cultures: ENN-B, MON, ENN-B1, and ENN-A. BEA was produced by eight isolates. The productions of BEA and ENN-A were significantly correlated, as was the case with ENN-B and ENN-B1. MON production was correlated neither to any of the other toxins nor to toxicity.
Morrison
Ellen
E
Department of Feed and Food Hygiene, National Veterinary Institute of Norway, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway. ellen.morrison@vetinst.no
Kosiak
Barbara
B
Ritieni
Alberto
A
Aastveit
Are H
AH
Uhlig
Silvio
S
Bernhoft
Aksel
A
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D047630:Depsipeptides; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D009664:Norway; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology*; D010455:Peptides; D013552:Swine
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D047630:Depsipeptides; D009183:Mycotoxins; D010455:Peptides; C100264:enniatins; C004456:beauvericin; C008539:moniliformin