Production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in early stage B-CLL: suppression by interferons.
Besides vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play critical roles in angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. Increased angiogenesis is observed in chronic B lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and published data reported VEGF and bFGF production in this disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate MMP expression in early stage B-CLL. Elevated MMP-9 concentrations were detected by ELISA in the sera of B-CLL patients (median level 250 ng/ml) compared with healthy donors (67 ng/ml) (P < 0.0001), and immunostaining with antibodies against MMP-9 and B cell antigens (CD19, CD23) substantiated the presence of MMP-9 in tumoral B lymphocytes. By using RT-PCR, ELISA and zymography experiments, we confirmed that B-CLL cells expressed and released the pro-form of MMP-9 with Mr 92 kDa (158-1300 pg/ml/10(6) cells/48 h), p-aminophenylmercuric acetate generating a 82 kDa active form. In contrast, the production of MMP-9 by normal counterpart B cells was significantly low (28-169 pg/ml/10(6)cells/48 h). Moreover, B-CLL culture supernatants contained bFGF (median levels 17 pg/ml/10(6) cells/48 h), VEGF (1.4 pg/ml/10(6) cells/48 h) and TNF-alpha (0.2 pg/ml/10(6) cells/48 h). TNF-alpha and VEGF antibodies blocked MMP-9 at the mRNA and protein levels. Interferons (IFNs) type I or type II repressed MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity in a dose and time dependency, and this was reflected by a parallel inhibition of MMP-9 mRNA and protein. IFNs however did not affect the production of bFGF, VEGF and TNF-alpha. Together, our data show that B-CLL lymphocytes synthesize MMP-9 and emphasize the specific inhibitory actions of IFNs on its expression.
Bauvois
B
B
Unité 365 INSERM, Section de Recherche, Institut Curie, Pavillon Pasteur, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France.
Dumont
J
J
Mathiot
C
C
Kolb
J-P
JP
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D003470:Culture Media; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D007370:Interferon Type I; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D008222:Lymphokines; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9