title: Comparison of soxhlet and microwave-assisted extractions for the determination of fenitrothion residues in beans.
abstract: White and black "niebe" beans [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] from Senegal were treated with fenitrothion (O,O-dimethyl O-4-nitro-m-tolyl phosphorothioate), and the residues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electron capture gas chromatography (EC-GC). Fenitrothion residues from the beans were extracted by Soxhlet extraction (SE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). A column cleanup procedure was used to remove the coextractives in the extract before HPLC and EC-GC analyses. The overall mean recoveries of fenitrothion residues in the 0.19-1.90 microg/kg fortification range determined from extracts obtained by SE and MAE were 88.4 and 89.8%, respectively, with respective relative standard deviations of <4%. The results show that MAE is a viable alternative to the commonly used SE for the determination of fenitrothion residues in beans.
authors: Insitut de Technologie Alimentaire, Minister la Recherche Scientific et al Technologie, Dakar-Hann, Senegal.
authors: Rokhaya G
authors: RG
authors: Diagne
authors: Gregory D
authors: GD
authors: Foster
authors: Shahamat U
authors: SU
authors: Khan
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005278:Fenitrothion / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D008872:Microwaves; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012675:Senegal
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D005278:Fenitrothion