title: Long term follow-up of superficial invasive bladder carcinoma with or without concomitant epithelial atypia--recurrence and progression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the significance of concomitant epithelial atypia on late recurrence and progression by long-term follow-up of superficial invasive bladder tumours (stage T1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy consecutive, unselected patients with newly diagnosed transurethral resection (TURB)-treated stage T1 bladder tumour, and at least 1 year progression-free survival. Preselected site biopsies (PSB) were obtained prospectively to evaluate the significance of concomitant urothelial atypia. Followed for up to 17.6 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative probability of recurrence (overall) was 85%, and for new stage T1 tumour 70% after 10 years. Forty per cent of those who survived 5 years without recurrence, were readmitted with often invasive recurrence later. Positive PSB significantly (p < 0.0001) predicted new T1 tumour. Progression (T2+ or metastases) occurred in 27 cases (39%) after the first year. The cumulative probability was 60% (15 years), with a mean progression-free interval of 64 months. Positive PSB, size >3 cm and early recurrence were significant predictive factors in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T1-tumours are at high risk for late invasive recurrence and progression, especially if associated with urothelial atypia elsewhere in the bladder.
authors: Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Zieger
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Olsen
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Wolf
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Højgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology