title: Low risk of bacteremia in children with febrile seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk of bacteremia in children with febrile seizures treated as outpatients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study was performed involving 379 children aged 2 to 24 months presenting to an urban tertiary care children's hospital emergency department with a febrile seizure between February 1, 1993, and May 31, 1996.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 15.9 months, and 217 (57%) were male. In 40 patients (10.6%), the use of oral antibiotics before initial emergency department evaluation was reported. Bacteremia occurred in 8 (2.1%) of 379 children studied. None of the children with bacteremia had received previous antibiotics. The causative organisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae in 7 cases and group A Streptococcus in 1 case. There were 5 contaminated cultures (1.3%). Although 2 of the 8 children with bacteremia ultimately required admission, there were no serious adverse outcomes. Six of 7 episodes of S pneumoniae bacteremia were caused by serotypes included in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which was not available at the time of this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children 2 to 24 months of age with febrile seizures are at similar risk for occult bacteremia as those with fever alone. Widespread use of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine may further decrease the incidence of bacteremia in this population.
authors: Division of General Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. shahs@email.chop.edu
authors: Samir S
authors: SS
authors: Shah
authors: Elizabeth R
authors: ER
authors: Alpern
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Zwerling
authors: Jennifer R
authors: JR
authors: Reid
authors: Karin L
authors: KL
authors: McGowan
authors: Louis M
authors: LM
authors: Bell
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000150:complications*; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines