Relationship between organizational climate and empowerment of nurses in Hong Kong.
OBJECTIVE
The authors explore the relationship between organizational climate and empowerment among the nursing staff of a regional hospital in Hong Kong. The main purpose of the study was to apply the modified Spreitzer measure of empowerment in a hospital and to examine the relationship of organizational climate to perceptions of empowerment.


METHODS
From 658 questionnaires sent out, 331 nurses participated in the study with a response rate of 50.3%. Survey measures administered included the modified Litwin and Stringer Organizational Climate Questionnaire (LSOCQ) and the modified Spreitzer empowerment instrument. The relationships between organizational climate and empowerment were examined in a series of bivariate correlational analyses. The final section of the questionnaire asked the respondents to list three elements in the organizational climate that they perceived would further increase their feelings of empowerment.


RESULTS
Exploratory factor analysis of the modified LSOCQ resulted in six factors: leadership, working harmony, challenge, recognition, teamwork and decision making. There was a positive correlation between organizational climate and psychological empowerment. Using multiple regression analysis, all the six derived climate factors significantly accounted for 44% of the variance. Among the six predicting factors, leadership and teamwork showed the most positive relationship with psychological empowerment. Responses from the open questions on perception of organizational climate that further enhance nurses' feelings of empowerment were categorized into eight areas. They include leadership, communication, working relationship, recognition, structure, training, teamwork and stress management.


CONCLUSIONS
The study echoes previous studies in finding that organizational climate and, in particular, supportive leadership and teamwork are related to empowerment. The findings also suggest that the nurses in the study did not put much emphasis on the importance of participative decision making.
Mok
Esther
E
Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. hsemok@inet.polyu.edu.hk
Au-Yeung
Betty
B
D000328:Adult; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007857:Leadership; D008875:Middle Aged; D009718:Nurse Administrators; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015279:Organizational Culture; D011209:Power, Psychological; D011594:Psychometrics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires