Atmospheric deposition and ionic interactions within a beech canopy in the Karkonosze Mountains.
A method, of artificial foliage placed above rain collectors, which enables to estimate total atmospheric inputs of elements, was employed to study processes related to ionic flow through a tree canopy. The investigations were conducted within a beech forest in the Karkonosze Mountains, in 1996-1997. An analysis of net canopy exchange (throughfall flux-atmospheric input) revealed that NH4+, NO3-, H+ had been retained in the canopy, Ca2+, Na+, Cl-, SO(2-)4, PO(3-)4 flowed passively, whereas K+ and Mg2- had been removed from the tree foliage. Ammonium absorption was more efficient than that of NO3- ions, because NH4+ was taken up from rain-waters and aerosol-gaseous fraction of the atmospheric input, whereas NO3- ions were captured primarily from the latter source. Retention of H+ was also related exclusively to the aerosol-gaseous input. Leaching losses of K+ and Mg2+ did not result from exchange reactions of these ions with retained H+, but from ionic exchange between NH4+ and K+ + Mg2+. At the same time, neutralisation of H+ in the canopy has been attributed to NO3- absorption, resulting most likely from HNO3 vapour penetration into the plants.
Stachurski
A
A
Department of Plant Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lomianki. ekofito@pan.pl
Zimka
J R
JR
D015258:Acid Rain; D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007474:Ion Exchange; D011044:Poland; D011188:Potassium; D011522:Protons; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014197:Trees
D015258:Acid Rain; D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D011522:Protons; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D011188:Potassium