title: Response of the cultivated tomato and its wild salt-tolerant relative Lycopersicon pennellii to salt-dependent oxidative stress: increased activities of antioxidant enzymes in root plastids.
abstract: Root plastids of the cultivated tomato Lycopersicon esculentum (Lem) exhibited salt-induced oxidative stress as indicated by the increased H2O2 and lipid peroxidation levels which were accompanied with increased contents of the oxidized forms of ascorbate and glutathione. In contrast, H2O2 level decreased, lipid peroxidation level slightly decreased and the levels of the reduced forms of ascorbate and glutathione increased in plastids of L. pennellii (Lpa) species in response to salinity. This better protection of Lpa root plastids from salt-induced oxidative stress was correlated with increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidases (POD), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPX). In the plastids of both species, activities of SOD, APX, and POD could be resolved into several isozymes. In Lem plastids two Cu/ZnSOD isozymes were found whereas in Lpa an additional FeSOD type could also be detected. In response to salinity, activities of selected SOD, APX, and POD isozymes were increased in Lpa, while in Lem plastids the activities of most of SOD and POD isozymes decreased. Taken together, it is suggested that plastids play an important role in the adaptation of Lpa roots to salinity.
authors: The Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Mittova
authors: Micha
authors: M
authors: Guy
authors: Moshe
authors: M
authors: Tal
authors: Micha
authors: M
authors: Volokita
mesh_terms: D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018087:Plastids / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010544:Peroxidases; C121048:guaiacol peroxidase; C118582:phospholipid hydroperoxide cysteine peroxidase; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D009195:Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C023927:monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); D005982:Glutathione Transferase