title: Hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) levels in human lumbar CSF in different age groups: infants to elderly persons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent CSF and postmortem brain hypocretin measurements in human narcolepsy suggest that hypocretin deficiency is involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this study, we measured CSF hypocretin-1 levels in various age ranges from infants to elder people to investigate the age-dependent change of hypocretin concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  CSF hypocretin levels were compared by age groups and gender. ANOVA was used to examine the influences of these two parameters on CSF hypocretin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based sleep and biology laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy two patients were included in this study, with 157 males and 115 females (0-79 years old).
  
  
  METHODS
  CSF samples were obtained by lumber punctures with informed consents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypocretin-1 levels are not different in respect to gender or age, although our samples constitute a heterogeneous group with various disease conditions. CSF hypocretin-1 levels in infants under 4 months are similar to those in adults.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early maturation of hypocretin transmission is suggested. No age- or gender-dependent changes in CSF hypocretin is observed.
authors: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University School of Medicine, Hondo, Japan. takashik@psy.med.akita-u.ac.jp
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kanbayashi
authors: Tamami
authors: T
authors: Yano
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Ishiguro
authors: Kentoh
authors: K
authors: Kawanishi
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Chiba
authors: Rika
authors: R
authors: Aizawa
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Sawaishi
authors: Kouichi
authors: K
authors: Hirota
authors: Seiji
authors: S
authors: Nishino
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000172:deficiency; D000068797:Orexins; D013129:Spinal Puncture
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C000596229:HCRT protein, human; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins