title: Assessment of the estrogenic activity of flue gases from burning processes by means of the yeast based human estrogen receptor (hER) bioassay.
abstract: Combustion processes are known to produce organic micro-pollutants in the flue gas at concentrations ranging over several orders of magnitude. Some organic micro-pollutants are suspected of being pseudo-estrogens and as such they can affect the public health. In this study, the possible application of the yeast based human estrogen receptor (hER) bioassay to screen flue gas streams for the presence of estrogenic active micro-pollutants was explored. Specifically, the protocol was modified to allow the detection and quantification of the potential estrogenic active non-polar organic micro-pollutants contained in the flue gas matrix. The modified assay was calibrated using a model estrogenic compound (17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2)) dissolved in methylene chloride at concentrations ranging from 3 ng l(-1) to 3000 ng l(-1). The effective concentration to elucidate a 50% response (EC50) was 87 ng l(-1) of equivalent dissolved in methylene chloride. Samples of methylene chloride used to trap non-polar micro-pollutants in flue gas from combustion of pine wood were found to clearly register estrogenic activity by the bioassay under certain conditions. The combustion tests were performed with pinewood alone and with pine wood in the presence of both Copper-naphthenate and copper(II)chloride at 600 degrees C and 1000 degrees C. These conditions must be considered as experimental rather than practical. Overall, the results suggest that, by means of this modified assay, it is possible and warranted to screen systematically for estrogens in flue gas combustion processes.
authors: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Muthumbi
authors: P
authors: P
authors: De Boever
authors: I
authors: I
authors: D'Haese
authors: W
authors: W
authors: D'Hooge
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Top
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Pieters
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Comhaire
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Verstraete
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D001681:Biological Assay; D002138:Calibration; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005740:Gases; D006801:Humans; D017745:Incineration; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D014934:Wood; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen