title: Hepatocyte growth factor inhibits anoikis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by activation of ERK and Akt signaling independent of NFkappa B.
abstract: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), also known as a scatter factor, regulates a variety of biological activities including cell proliferation, survival, migration, and angiogenesis. Importantly, HGF and its receptor c-Met have been found to be associated with metastasis of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Because anoikis resistance plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis, here we examined whether HGF suppressed suspension-induced apoptosis (anoikis) in HNSCC cells, and if so, we assessed downstream signaling pathways mediated by HGF. We found that HNSCC cells underwent anoikis upon loss of matrix contact, whereas HGF provided protection against it. HGF-induced anoikis resistance was found to be dependent on both ERK and Akt signaling pathways. The inhibition of either ERK or Akt activation abolished HGF-mediated survival. Furthermore, we found that HGF did not activate NFkappaB transcription in HNSCC cells and that HGF-mediated anoikis resistance was independent of NFkappaB. Taken together, our results suggest that anoikis resistance induced by HGF may also play an important role in the progression and metastasis of HNSCC.
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Apoptosis, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1078, USA.
authors: Qinghua
authors: Q
authors: Zeng
authors: Shaoqiong
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: Zongbing
authors: Z
authors: You
authors: Fan
authors: F
authors: Yang
authors: Thomas E
authors: TE
authors: Carey
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Saims
authors: Cun-Yu
authors: CY
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D023102:Anoikis / Q000502:physiology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases