title: Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses type 2 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression in vivo.
abstract: Licorice-derivatives such as glycyrrhizic acid (GA) competitively inhibit 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(11 beta-HSD) type 2 (11-HSD2) enzymatic activity, and chronic clinical use often results in pseudoaldosteronism. Since the effect of GA on 11-HSD2 expression remains unknown, we undertook in vivo and in vitro studies. Male Wistar rats were given 30, 60 or 120 mg/kg of GA twice a day for 2 weeks. Plasma corticosterone was decreased in those given the 120 mg dose, while urinary corticosterone excretion was increased in those given the 30 and 60 mg doses but decreased in those given 120 mg GA. NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase activity in kidney microsomal fraction was decreased in animals receiving doses of 60 and 120 mg GA. The 11-HSD2 protein and mRNA levels were decreased in those given 120 mg GA. In contrast, in vitro studies using mouse kidney M1 cells revealed that 24h treatment with glycyrrhetinic acid did not affect the 11-HSD2 mRNA expression levels. Thus, in addition to its role as a competitive inhibitor of 11-HSD2, the chronic high dose of GA suppresses mRNA and protein expression of 11-HSD2 possibly via indirect mechanisms. These effects may explain the prolonged symptoms after cessation of GA administration in some pseudoaldosteronism patients.
authors: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan.
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Tanahashi
authors: Tomoatsu
authors: T
authors: Mune
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Morita
authors: Hiromichi
authors: H
authors: Tanahashi
authors: Yukinori
authors: Y
authors: Isomura
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Suwa
authors: Hisashi
authors: H
authors: Daido
authors: Celso E
authors: CE
authors: Gomez-Sanchez
authors: Keigo
authors: K
authors: Yasuda
mesh_terms: D042842:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006913:Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009243:NAD; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D006913:Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D042842:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D003345:Corticosterone