title: Muscle specific versus ubiquitous expression of Gag based HIV-1 DNA vaccines: a comparative analysis.
abstract: Most studies on DNA-based immunization have used viral promoters to drive antigen expression. In this study, we analyzed the properties of the commonly used CMV promoter, the tissue specific murine muscle creatine kinase (MCK) promoter as well as a hybrid MCK/CMV promoter regarding promoter activity and tissue specificity in vitro. Furthermore, the efficiency of inducing HIV-1 Gag specific immune responses in vivo following intramuscular immunization of naked DNA containing a codon optimized synthetic gene was compared. Although antibody titers and cellular immune responses using the MCK construct were slightly reduced as compared to conventional CMV based vector modules, the utilization of nonviral promoters may add significantly to the safety of future DNA vaccines.
authors: Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Bojak
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Hammer
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Wolf
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Wagner
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D052283:Creatine Kinase, MM Form; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005260:Female; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005813:Genes, Synthetic; D015750:Genes, gag; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011498:Protein Precursors; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; C059767:p55 gag precursor protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D008156:Luciferases; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052283:Creatine Kinase, MM Form