title: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infants hospitalized because of respiratory syncytial virus infection express T helper-1 and T helper-2 cytokines and CC chemokine messenger RNA.
abstract: The cellular immune response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was examined in infants aged 1-21 months who were hospitalized because of RSV infection or non-RSV-related illness. RSV- or control-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were examined to determine RSV-specific intracellular T helper-1 (Th1) and T helper- 2 (Th2) cytokine expression, chemokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and cell surface markers. Patients hospitalized because of RSV infection had increased numbers of CD16(+) and CD56(bright) cells and had RSV-specific increases in Th1 (interleukin [IL]-2 and interferon-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-6) cytokines and CC chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP]-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES [regulated on activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted]) mRNA expression. The results suggest that RSV infection induces both Th1 and Th2 cytokine expression and CC chemokine expression.
authors: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Respiratory and Enteric Virus Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. rgt3@cdc.gov
authors: Ralph A
authors: RA
authors: Tripp
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Moore
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Barskey
authors: Les
authors: L
authors: Jones
authors: Caminade
authors: C
authors: Moscatiello
authors: Harry
authors: H
authors: Keyserling
authors: Larry J
authors: LJ
authors: Anderson
mesh_terms: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000032:analysis; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D016207:Cytokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger