title: Separation of xiphi-omphalo-ischiopagus tetrapus twins with favorable internal anatomy.
abstract: Conjoined twinning is a rare occurrence, and ischiopagus variety is even more rare. So far, only 20 cases have been reported. The incidence is 1 in 500,000. Because of its rarity and variable anatomy, no definite line of treatment can be adapted. Time of operation and mode of treatment have to be tailored according to the local circumstances and organ sharing in each individual pair. The twins in this report were xi phi-omphalo-ischiopagus tetrapus conjoined twins. Although several internal organs were fused and shared, they were complete mirror image sets for each twin. In this case report, details of anatomy and more importantly, preoperative investigations, preparations, and organizational aspects that were designed to suit local conditions are described. Operative details, postoperative care, and short and long-term progress also has been highlighted.
authors: Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors: Abid Quddus
authors: AQ
authors: Qazi
authors: Anwar-ul
authors: AU
authors: Haq
authors: Tariq
authors: T
authors: Burki
authors: Aleya
authors: A
authors: Khan
authors: Khizer
authors: K
authors: Mansoor
authors: Amjad
authors: A
authors: Chaudhry
authors: Nadeem
authors: N
authors: Akhtar
authors: Junaid
authors: J
authors: Ashraf
authors: Riasat
authors: R
authors: Ali
authors: M Naeem
authors: MN
authors: Khan
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003106:Colon / Q000002:abnormalities; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000002:abnormalities; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014428:Twins, Conjoined / Q000601:surgery*; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014989:Xiphoid Bone / Q000002:abnormalities*