title: Helicobacter pylori infection inhibits antral mucosal nitric oxide production in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inducible NO synthase expression is upregulated in H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa, suggesting increased NO synthesis as part of a host defense reaction. This study investigates actual NO production in the human antrum in situ.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gastroscopy with antral biopsy sampling and intragastric tonometric NO assessments were performed on H. pylori-positive and -negative volunteers. The antral mucosal specimens were analyzed with regard to inducible NO synthase (Western blotting) and the presence of the endogenous NO synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as well as L-arginine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mucosal expression of inducible NO synthase was markedly increased in H. pylori infected subjects compared to noninfected ones. The ratio between the tissue contents of L-arginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine was considerably lower in the infected group. Antral output of NO was similar in the two groups during baseline conditions. Following intragastric L-arginine exposure. the antral NO production in controls was unaltered (from 442 ppb +/- 104 to 286 ppb +/- 94), whereas it increased (from 524 ppb +/- 162 to 1066 ppb +/- 274) in the infected individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study confirms that NO synthase expression is increased in H. pylori-infected antral mucosa. However, NO synthesis is restricted owing to the presence of pathogen-induced competitive NO synthase inhibitors such as methylated arginines.
authors: Dept. of Physiology, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. charlotte.bothmer@fysiologi.gu.se
authors: C
authors: C
authors: von Bothmer
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Edebo
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Lönroth
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Olbe
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Pettersson
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Fändriks
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II