title: Up-regulated expression of a novel gene in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells that is a truncated paralog of the human system L-amino acid transporter 1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The human system L-amino acid transporter1 (hLAT1) is one of the CD98 light chains and its gene has been mapped to chromosome 16q24. Our preliminary findings have indicated that in HeLa S3 cells there are transcripts whose nucleotide sequences are very similar but not identical to that of the amino acid transporter. This study intends to examine whether these novel transcripts have biological significance through elucidating their genetic aspects and expression profiles in human cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression levels of the transcripts were quantified by real-time PCR analysis. Chromosomal mapping of the gene was performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three types of transcripts were identified and their nucleotide sequences were aligned with the chromosome 16p12 clone with high identity. They encoded 180- or 190-amino acid proteins, showing 92-94% of amino acid identity to the amino-terminal region of the hLAT1 (507 amino acids). However, their 3' non-coding sequences did not show homology to the nucleotide sequence of the amino acid transporter. Their genes were mapped to chromosome 16p11.2-p13.1 as low-copy repeats (LCRs). The transcription of one of these genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly up-regulated when the cells were stimulated with concanavalin A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have characterized the three truncated paralogs of the hLAT1 gene. It is suggested that the expression of one of these paralogs may play an important role in the activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Japan.
authors: Morihiro
authors: M
authors: Ito
authors: Shin-Ichiro
authors: S
authors: Takebayashi
authors: Katsuzumi
authors: K
authors: Okumura
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Ohkubo
authors: Machiko
authors: M
authors: Nishio
authors: Mitsuo
authors: M
authors: Kawano
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Komada
authors: Yasuhiko
authors: Y
authors: Ito
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Tsurudome
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D027283:Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D027283:Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1