Ex vivo gene therapy using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced tumor vaccines.
There is no standard effective therapy for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) or prostate cancer. Both of these cancers may be immunogenic, so therapy targeted to a tumor-associated antigen may be effective. Transduction of the gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor has shown promise in preclinical studies, and clinical trials are in their early stages. Both autologous cancer cells and partially HLA-matched allogenic cells are being studied. No dose-limiting side effects have been observed, and a few patients have had transient objective tumor regressions. Further trials with more frequent and, probably, longer immunization schedules are needed to define efficacy.
Kawai
K
K
Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. rkawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
Tani
K
K
Asano
S
S
Akaza
H
H
D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007564:Japan; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor