title: Ras signalling on the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi.
abstract: Current models evoke the plasma membrane (PM) as the exclusive platform from which Ras regulates signalling. We developed a fluorescent probe that reports where and when Ras is activated in living cells. We show that oncogenic H-Ras and N-Ras engage Raf-1 on the Golgi and that endogenous Ras and unpalmitoylated H-Ras are activated in response to mitogens on the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), respectively. We also demonstrate that H-Ras that is restricted to the ER can activate the Erk pathway and transform fibroblasts, and that Ras localized on different membrane compartments differentially engages various signalling pathways. Thus, Ras signalling is not limited to the PM, but also proceeds on the endomembrane.
authors: Department of Medicine, Cell Biology and Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors: Vi K
authors: VK
authors: Chiu
authors: Trever
authors: T
authors: Bivona
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Hach
authors: J Bernard
authors: JB
authors: Sajous
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Silletti
authors: Heidi
authors: H
authors: Wiener
authors: Ronald L
authors: RL
authors: Johnson
authors: Adrienne D
authors: AD
authors: Cox
authors: Mark R
authors: MR
authors: Philips
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004735:Energy Transfer; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D018631:ras Proteins