The role of PKA, CaMKII, and PKC in avoidance conditioning: permissive or instructive?
This article explores the causal and correlative relationships between kinases and learning and memory. Specifically, the contributions of three kinases-protein kinase A (PKA), calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), and protein kinase C (PKC)-are assessed during the consolidation phase of avoidance conditioning. The following sources of evidence are considered: inhibitor data, activity monitoring, and transgenic studies. An exhaustive effort is made to address several issues regarding the participation of these kinases in (a) posttraining timing and magnitude, (b) location across many brain regions, and (c) the use of multiple pharmacological agents and assays. In addition, this article attempts to integrate the behavioral data with the purported role of kinases in long-term potentiation (LTP).
Shobe
Justin
J
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California-Irvine, 2205 BioSci II, Irvine, CA 92696-4550, USA. jshobe@uci.edu
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases