title: Identification of a novel Ly49 promoter that is active in bone marrow and fetal thymus.
abstract: The analysis of several Ly49 genes has identified a tissue-specific promoter adjacent to the previously defined first exon. The current study reveals the presence of an additional Ly49 promoter (Pro-1) and two noncoding exons upstream of the previously defined promoter (Pro-2). DNA sequences homologous to Pro-1 are present 4-10 kb upstream of Pro-2 in all Ly49 genes examined, and Pro-1 transcripts were detected from the Ly49a, e, g, o, and v genes. Pro-1 activity can be detected in bone marrow, embryonic thymus, freshly isolated liver NK cells, and the murine LNK cell line, but it does not function in adult thymus, sorted NK-T cells, spleen NK cells, or the EL-4 T cell line, even though these cells express Ly49 proteins. Luciferase reporter assays identified a Pro-1 core promoter region that functions in the LNK cell line but not EL-4 cells. The novel promoter is not active in mature NK cells, suggesting that Pro-1 represents an early Ly49 promoter.
authors: Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Saleh
authors: Andrew P
authors: AP
authors: Makrigiannis
authors: Deborah L
authors: DL
authors: Hodge
authors: Stephen K
authors: SK
authors: Anderson
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000276:immunology; D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D005091:Exons / Q000276:immunology; D005333:Fetus; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000276:immunology; D055650:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000950:Antigens, Ly; C527088:Klra1 protein, mouse; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D055650:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like