title: The rate of charge recombination in Photosystem II.
abstract: Loss by recombination of the charge separated state P(680+)Q(A-) limits the performance of Photosystem II (PS II) as a photochemical energy converter. Time constants reported in literature for this process are mostly either near 0.17 ms or near 1.4 ms. The shorter time is found in plant PS II when reduction of P(680+) by the secondary electron donor Tyrosine Z cannot occur because Y(Z) is already oxidized. The 1.4 ms recombination is seen in Y(Z)-less mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis. However, the rate of P(680+)Q(A-) recombination that actually competes with the stabilization of the charge separation has not been previously reported. We have measured the kinetics of the flash-induced fluorescence yield changes in the microsecond time domain in Tris-washed spinach chloroplasts. In this way the kinetics and yield of P(680+) reduction by Y(Z) were obtained, and the rate of the competing P(680+)Q(A-) recombination could be evaluated. The recombination time was less than 0.5 ms; the best-fitting time constant was 0.1 ms. The presence of Y(Z)(ox) slightly decreased the efficiency of excitation trapping but did not seem to accelerate P(680+)Q(A-) recombination. The two P(680+)Q(A-) lifetimes in the literature probably reflect a significant difference between plant and cyanobacterial PS II.
authors: Department of Biophysics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Rik
authors: R
authors: de Wijn
authors: Hans J
authors: HJ
authors: van Gorkom
mesh_terms: D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry*; D004237:Diuron; D005453:Fluorescence; D007700:Kinetics; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D008433:Mathematics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010674:Pheophytins / Q000737:chemistry; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D014325:Tromethamine; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D010674:Pheophytins; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D014325:Tromethamine; D002734:Chlorophyll; D014443:Tyrosine; D004237:Diuron