title: Small hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of radio-frequency ablation and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of radio-frequency (RF) ablation and percutaneous microwave coagulation (PMC) for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients with 94 HCC nodules were randomly assigned to RF ablation and PMC groups. Thirty-six patients with 48 nodules were treated with RF ablation, and 36 patients with 46 nodules were treated with PMC. Therapeutic effect, residual foci of untreated disease, and complications of RF ablation and PMC were prospectively evaluated with statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of treatment sessions per nodule was significantly lower in the RF ablation group than in the PMC group (1.1 vs 2.4; P <.001). Complete therapeutic effect was achieved in 46 (96%) of 48 nodules treated with RF ablation and in 41 (89%) of 46 nodules treated with PMC (P =.26). Major complications occurred in one patient treated with RF ablation and in four patients treated with PMC (P =.36). During follow-up (range, 6-27 months), residual foci of untreated disease were seen in four of 48 nodules treated with RF ablation and in eight of 46 nodules treated with PMC. No significant difference in rates of residual foci of untreated disease was noted (P =.20, log-rank test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RF ablation and PMC thus far have had equivalent therapeutic effects, complication rates, and rates of residual foci of untreated disease. However, RF tumor ablation can be achieved with fewer sessions.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54-Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. ksj@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors: Toshiya
authors: T
authors: Shibata
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Iimuro
authors: Yuzo
authors: Y
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Yoji
authors: Y
authors: Maetani
authors: Fumie
authors: F
authors: Ametani
authors: Kyo
authors: K
authors: Itoh
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Konishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome