Clonal groupings in serogroup X Neisseria meningitidis.
The genetic diversity of 134 serogroup X Neisseria meningitis isolates from Africa, Europe, and North America was analyzed by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although most European and American isolates were highly diverse, one clonal grouping was identified in sporadic disease and carrier strains isolated over the last 2 decades in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States. In contrast to the diversity in the European and American isolates, most carrier and disease isolates recovered during the last 30 years in countries in the African meningitis belt belonged to a second clonal grouping. During the last decade, these bacteria have caused meningitis outbreaks in Niger and Ghana. These results support the development of a comprehensive conjugate vaccine that would include serogroup X polysaccharide.
Gagneux
Sébastien
S
Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
Wirth
Thierry
T
Hodgson
Abraham
A
Ehrhard
Ingrid
I
Morelli
Giovanna
G
Kriz
Paula
P
Genton
Blaise
B
Smith
Tom
T
Binka
Fred
F
Pluschke
Gerd
G
Achtman
Mark
M
D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000483:Alleles; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012703:Serotyping