title: Enzymatic markers of salivary cell injury in saliva of type 1 diabetic children.
abstract: To find evidence of salivary gland involvement in human type I diabetes, we explored the changes in aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, as indices of cellular injury, in the whole saliva of diabetic children. Although no significant difference in these enzymatic activities was observed between control and diabetic children as a whole, a negative correlation was found between enzymatic activities and duration of the disease, the highest values being detected in the diabetic subgroup diagnosed for less than 4 years. This suggests that some cell damage could be present in salivary glands of recently diagnosed diabetic children, likely as a result of immune-mediated alterations. In conclusion, these results may support the hypothesis that, as in rodents, the salivary glands could be an additional target of the immunological attack mainly directed against pancreatic beta-cells and resulting in type 1 diabetes.
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze Odontostomatologiche, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors: Isadora
authors: I
authors: Cinquini
authors: Lorenza
authors: L
authors: Calisti
authors: Vanna
authors: V
authors: Fierabracci
authors: Ester
authors: E
authors: Marrapese
authors: Jean-Christophe
authors: JC
authors: Egéa
authors: Pellegrino
authors: P
authors: Masiello
authors: Maria Rita
authors: MR
authors: Giuca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000032:analysis*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000032:analysis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000201:enzymology*; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase