A nucleotide substitution in the tRNA(Lys) primer binding site dramatically increases replication of recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus containing a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase.
A recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) derived from strain 239 (SIVmac239) with reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strain HXB2 was severely impaired for replication. Detectable p27(Gag) levels were not observed until day 65 and peak p27(Gag) levels were not reached until day 75 after transfection of CEMx174 cells with the recombinant DNA. Sequences from the latter time point did not contain amino acid substitutions in HIV-1 RT; however, a single nucleotide substitution (thymine to cytosine) was found at position eight of the SIV primer binding site. We engineered an RT/SHIV genome with the thymine-to-cytosine substitution, called RT/SHIV/TC, and observed dramatically faster replication kinetics than were observed with the parental RT/SHIV from which this variant was derived. RT/SHIV/TC provides an improved system for study of the impact of drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 RT in a relevant animal model.
Soderberg
Kelly
K
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Denekamp
Lynn
L
Nikiforow
Sarah
S
Sautter
Karen
K
Desrosiers
Ronald C
RC
Alexander
Louis
L
D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000032:analysis; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009711:Nucleotides; D012313:RNA; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys / Q000737:chemistry; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
D015683:Gene Products, gag; D009711:Nucleotides; C034477:RNA primers; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D012313:RNA; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase