Association of estrogen receptor-alpha gene polymorphisms with coronary artery disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
To investigate the association of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha gene polymorphisms with coronary artery disease (CAD), we studied 197 men and 98 postmenopausal women with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. We examined the known polymorphisms, including PvuII, XbaI, TA repeat, and CA repeat, and identified 6 novel polymorphisms in the ER-alpha gene. The distributions of -1989T/G (a novel polymorphism in promoter B) and XbaI in intron 1 were associated with CAD in postmenopausal women and in men, with a higher frequency of the G/G genotype (P=0.03) or X1/X1 genotype (P=0.02) in the CAD group. The frequency of alleles of TA repeats >17 was found to be significantly higher in postmenopausal women with CAD than in those without CAD (P=0.04), but not in men. Logistic regression analysis with all coronary risk factors as covariates showed that the G/G genotype was a higher risk for CAD (odds ratio 4.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 19.5;P=0.04) but that X1/X1 was not. We conclude that -1989T/G or its linked polymorphisms in the ER-alpha gene may confer risk for CAD and that the G/G genotype may be an independent predictor for CAD in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Lu
Hong
H
Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disorders, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Higashikata
Toshinori
T
Inazu
Akihiro
A
Nohara
Atsushi
A
Yu
Wenxin
W
Shimizu
Masami
M
Mabuchi
Hiroshi
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000235:genetics; D018900:Dinucleotide Repeats / Q000502:physiology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D005260:Female; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D017698:Postmenopause; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C025580:endodeoxyribonuclease XBAI; C025630:CAGCTG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific