Toxicity of cadmium in tobacco smoke: protection by antioxidants and chelating resins.
The effects of cadmium, an environmental toxin present in tobacco smoke, were studied in vitro in human monocytes and compared to those of tobacco smoke. Overexpression of the 72kDa heat shock/stress protein Hsp70 and cell death occurred with a similar time-course and to a similar extent in human monocytes exposed to either cadmium or tobacco smoke. Cadmium and tobacco smoke-mediated toxicity were associated with a decrease in the cellular content of glutathione and ATP and the glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented both cadmium and tobacco smoke-mediated toxicity. Furthermore, tobacco smoke-mediated toxicity was prevented by pretreatment with the cadmium chelator resin Chelex-100, supporting the conclusion that cadmium plays a major role in tobacco smoke-mediated toxicity.
Bachelet
Maria
M
Laboratoire de Physiologie Respiratoire, UFR Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France. marie.bachelet@chusa.jussieu.fr
Pinot
Françoise
F
Polla
Rachel I
RI
François
Dominique
D
Richard
Marie-Jeanne
MJ
Vayssier-Taussat
Muriel
M
Polla
Barbara S
BS
D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000838:Anions; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002411:Cation Exchange Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D009336:Necrosis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
D000838:Anions; D000975:Antioxidants; D002411:Cation Exchange Resins; D002614:Chelating Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D002104:Cadmium; D013481:Superoxides; C024997:Chelex 100; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005978:Glutathione; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D000111:Acetylcysteine