title: Phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase/protein kinase B inhibits apoptotic cell death induced by reactive oxygen species in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Apoptosis is a common mode of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms. However, the recent observation of yeast cell death displaying the morphology of apoptosis has suggested the presence of an ancestral cell death machinery. Here we examined apoptotic features induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in yeast. Saccharomyces cerevisiae show typical apoptotic features upon exposure to ROS: membrane staining with annexin V and DNA fragmentation by the TUNEL assay. The detection of apoptotic features in yeast strongly support the existence of molecular machinery performing the basic pathways of apoptosis. The phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathway has been shown to prevent apoptosis in a variety of cells. It is therefore of interest to determine whether the PI3K/PKB signaling pathway is capable of protecting yeast from apoptosis induced by ROS. We determined that PI3K/PKB is capable of significantly inhibiting ROS-evoked apoptosis in yeast. These results suggest that yeast may provide a suitable model system in which to study the apoptotic signaling pathway elicited by a variety of stimuli.
authors: Division of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, and Institute for Basic Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
authors: Byeong Wook
authors: BW
authors: Jeon
authors: Kee Tae
authors: KT
authors: Kim
authors: Soo-Ik
authors: SI
authors: Chang
authors: Hak Yong
authors: HY
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D048371:MAP Kinase Kinase 3; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000032:analysis; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013104:Spheroplasts / Q000502:physiology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D005452:Fluoresceins; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D048371:MAP Kinase Kinase 3; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C060980:phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C037631:2',7'-dichlorofluorescein