title: Length polymorphism of thymidylate synthase regulatory region in Chinese populations and evolution of the novel alleles.
abstract: The tandemly repeated 28-bp sequence in the 5'-terminal regulatory region of human thymidylate synthase (TSER), which has been reported to be polymorphic in different populations, was surveyed in 668 Chinese from 9 Han groups, 8 ethnic populations, and 36 individuals representing a three-generation pedigree. Amplified fragments were separated by electrophoresis on 4% agarose gel. In addition to the reported double and triple repeats of the 28-bp sequence in TSER, we also detected a novel quintuple repeat in this region. The transient expression activity of TSER with the quintuple repeat is almost the same as that of the reported TSER with the triple repeat. All three alleles of the repeat type (2, 3, and 5) were further confined by sequencing. The frequencies of the TSER allele 2 and 3 were 18.82 and 81% in totally unrelated Chinese samples, respectively, while the frequency of allele 3 was variable in different Chinese populations with a range from 62 to 95%. On the basis of the sequences of the different alleles, the existence of the tandem repeats in each allele might be explained by slipped-strand mispairing during DNA replication.
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Genome Diversity, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China.
authors: Huai-Rong
authors: HR
authors: Luo
authors: Xue-Mei
authors: XM
authors: Lü
authors: Yong-Gang
authors: YG
authors: Yao
authors: Nobuyuki
authors: N
authors: Horie
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Takeishi
authors: Lynn B
authors: LB
authors: Jorde
authors: Ya-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010375:Pedigree; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D013940:Thymidylate Synthase