title: Prognosis and prognostic factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage: a follow-up study in 29 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal hemorrhage is a benign form of subarachnoid hemorrhage with a low risk of rebleeding. The authors conducted a retrospective study to investigate the prognosis, possible prognostic factors, and long-term natural history in perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (PNSH).
  
  
  METHODS
  This report contains a retrospective analysis of 29 patients with PNSH who were followed from 1 month to 8 years with an average follow-up period of 5.4 years. We evaluated computed tomography (CT) scan features; clinical grade; loss of consciousness during hemorrhage; ventricular ratio; angiographic spasm; complications such as ischemic complications, early rebleeding, late rebleeding, epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and fixed ischemic deficit; and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 7 men and 22 women, and the ages ranged from 22 to 69 years (mean 49.5 years). In the group with PNSH 93% of the patients were in grade I-II, as compared to 70.8% of patients with non-PNSH according to the Hunt and Hess system. Loss of consciousness during hemorrhage was detected in 9 patients (31%). We observed acute hydrocephalus in 4 patients (13.7%). The first cerebral four-vessel angiograms disclosed vasospasm in 3 patients (10.3%). Patients with PNSH have the best outcome according to the activities of daily living (ADL) grading system when compared with other groups of patients with negative angiogram (aneurysmal pattern and invisible blood).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that patients with PNSH have an uncomplicated course and a particularly favorable outcome.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
authors: Faruk
authors: F
authors: Ildan
authors: Metin
authors: M
authors: Tuna
authors: Tahsin
authors: T
authors: Erman
authors: Alp Iskender
authors: AI
authors: Göçer
authors: Erdal
authors: E
authors: Cetinalp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors