title: Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract malignancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are malignant tumors arising from the intrahepatic biliary tract. The pathogenesis of these tumors remains unknown. Although there is a marked global variation in prevalence, some recent studies have suggested an increase in mortality from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in several regions of low endemicity. As the study of mortality trends may yield clues to possible etiological factors, we analyzed worldwide time trends in mortality from biliary tract malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Annual age-standardized rates for individual countries were compiled for deaths from biliary tract malignancies using the WHO database. These data were used to analyze gender and site-specific trends in mortality rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increasing trend for mortality from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was noted in most countries. The average estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in mortality rates for males was 6.9 +/- 1.5, and for females was 5.1 +/- 1.0. Increased mortality rates were observed in all geographic regions. Within Europe, increases were higher in Western Europe than in Central or Northern Europe. In contrast, mortality rates for extrahepatic biliary tract malignancies showed a decreasing trend in most countries, with an overall average EAPC of -0.3 +/- 0.4 for males, but -1.3 +/- 0.4 for females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There has been a marked global increase in mortality from intrahepatic, but not extra-hepatic, biliary tract malignancies.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology Scott and White Memorial Hospital and Clinic Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple, TX, USA. tpatel@medicine.tamu.edu
authors: Tushar
authors: T
authors: Patel
mesh_terms: D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic / Q000473:pathology; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors