title: Chronic immune stimulation accelerates SIV-induced disease progression.
abstract: The contribution of chronic immune stimulation on the progression of lentivirus-induced disease was evaluated in the SIVmac251 macaque model of AIDS. Following SIV inoculation, seroconversion and control of the acute viral replication phase, repeated immune stimulations with tetanus toxoid (TT), keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were initiated in four monkeys. These animals showed a significant shortening of survival when compared with eight non-immune-stimulated control animals inoculated with the same route, dose and stock of SIVmac251 (median survival 9.5 months versus 17 months, P = 0.010). In addition, when the comparison was extended to another 22 control animals of different origin but inoculated by the same route with similar doses and stocks of SIVmac251, the difference in survival was still significant (9.5 versus 18 months, P = 0.003). This accelerated progression of symptomatic disease was not accompanied with significant increases in plasma viral loads, but suboptimal antibody responses to the immunizing antigens were noted, correlating with the length of survival. These findings may have implications for HIV-infected humans suffering from chronic infectious diseases.
authors: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. fvillin@emory.edu
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Villinger
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Rowe
authors: B S
authors: BS
authors: Parekh
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Green
authors: A E
authors: AE
authors: Mayne
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Grimm
authors: H M
authors: HM
authors: McClure
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Lackner
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Dailey
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Ansari
authors: T M
authors: TM
authors: Folks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin