title: Nitric oxide in CsA-induced hypertension: role of beta-adrenoceptor antagonist and thromboxane A2.
abstract: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive agent, which also causes hypertension. The effect of CsA on vascular responses was determined in Sprague-Dawley rats and rat aortic rings. Male rats weighing 250-300 g were given either CsA (25 mg/kg/day) in olive oil or vehicle by intraperitoneal (ip) injection for 7 days. CsA administration produced a 42% increase (P < 0.001) in mean arterial pressure (MAP) which reached a plateau after 3 days. The level of both nitrate/nitrite (NO2/NO3), metabolites of nitric oxide (NO), decreased by 50% (P < 0.001), but the level of thromboxane A2 (TBXA2) increased by 75% (P < 0.001), in the urine. When 10(-9) M of CsAwas added acutely to intact aortic rings from untreated rats, NO2/NO3 production decreased by 83% (P < 0.011), but TBXA2 production increased by 86% (P < 0.001). The effects of CsA were reversed both in vivo and in vitro by pretreatment with propranolol (15 mg/kg/day ip), beta-adrenoceptor antagonist. There were no changes in MAP and tension in rats treated with prop alone. In addition, in aorta of rats that were treated with CsA ip for 7 days, CsA significantly activated protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. This suggests that PKC mediate, in part, CsA-induced hypertension. In summary, CsA inhibits endothelial NO formation, activate PKC, and increaseTBXA2 production, with resulting increase in MAP, and this changes can be overcome by pretreatment with propranolol.
authors: Hypertension-Endocrine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Orijig@wpunj.edu
authors: G K
authors: GK
authors: Oriji
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Schanz
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D016572:Cyclosporine; D011433:Propranolol; D011493:Protein Kinase C