Psychiatry and the need for mental health care in Australia: findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing.
OBJECTIVE
This paper describes the pattern of consultations reported with psychiatrists and primary mental health care providers in the Australian adult population. It explores whether inequalities found in utilization of psychiatric services according to area are different in degree from inequalities in utilization of medical and surgical specialists,and describes the meeting of perceived needs for mental health care within those seen by psychiatrists.


METHODS
The National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW) was a community survey employing clustered probability sampling, with a computerized field questionnaire which included sections of the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI), as well as self-reported service utilization and perceived needs for care.


RESULTS
By survey estimates, 1.8% of the Australian population consulted a psychiatrist in the last year. Among people with an ICD 10-diagnosed mental disorder, 7.3% consulted a psychiatrist. Only about one in five people seen by a psychiatrist report the psychiatrist as the only mental health care provider. Disadvantaged areas of the cities and remote areas, when compared with the least deprived areas of the cities, showed lower rates of utilization. This effect is stronger in psychiatry than in other specialties. Patients seeing psychiatrists seem to be a more satisfied group than those seeing only other providers; nonetheless, some needs are not well met, and the role of the psychiatrist cannot be isolated as the cause of this satisfaction.


CONCLUSIONS
Most care delivered by psychiatrists is de facto shared care. Psychiatrists as clinical professionals need to be continually mindful of the need to communicate with others providing care. Psychiatric services in Australia are not delivered in an equitable manner,and the inequalities are greater for psychiatric services than for other medical specialties.
Meadows
Graham
G
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Belle Street Academic Centre for Community Mental Health, Coburg, Australia. meadows@unimelb.edu.au
Singh
Bruce
B
Burgess
Philip
P
Bobevski
Irene
I
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011570:Psychiatry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires