title: Intra-abdominal bacterial infection reactivates latent pulmonary cytomegalovirus in immunocompetent mice.
abstract: Critically ill surgery patients are susceptible to pulmonary reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus (CMV), but what triggers this reactivation is unknown. Immunosuppression and bacterial sepsis are thought to stimulate reactivation of CMV, and in this study it was hypothesized that immunosuppressive effects of surgery with or without concomitant bacterial infection may reactivate latent CMV. Mice infected with CMV were allowed to develop latent infections. Latently infected mice underwent a laparotomy with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP; n=30), a laparotomy alone (sham; n=10), or no surgery (control; n=5). Lung tissue homogenates were evaluated for viral activity, and, 2 and 3 weeks after CLP, lungs of 7 of 7 and 5 of 5 mice, respectively, showed reactivation of latent CMV. In contrast, lungs from all sham-operated animals and controls showed no viral reactivation. These findings demonstrate that surgery with subsequent intra-abdominal bacterial infection reactivated CMV in lungs of latently infected mice. The mechanism of this reactivation is unknown but likely involves cytokines induced by sepsis.
authors: Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. cook.131@osu.edu
authors: Charles H
authors: CH
authors: Cook
authors: Yingxue
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Brian J
authors: BJ
authors: McGuinness
authors: Michael C
authors: MC
authors: Lahm
authors: Daniel D
authors: DD
authors: Sedmak
authors: Ronald M
authors: RM
authors: Ferguson
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D007121:Immunocompetence; D007813:Laparotomy; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018146:Muromegalovirus / Q000502:physiology; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D014775:Virus Activation; D017735:Virus Latency