title: Tetrahydrobiopterin enhances forearm vascular response to acetylcholine in both normotensive and hypertensive individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A deficiency of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for nitric oxide (NO) synthase, decreases NO synthesis and increases superoxide production. Supplementation of BH4 has been postulated to improve endothelial function in atherosclerotic patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether BH4 restores endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with essential hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the effects of BH4 on forearm vascular responses to acetylcholine (ACh), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, both in patients with essential hypertension and in age- and sex-matched normal control subjects. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured using strain gauge plethysmography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response of FBF to ACh was less in hypertensive patients (n = 8) than in normal control subjects (n = 8). There was no significant difference in FBF response to ISDN in the two groups. During coinfusion of BH4 (500 mg/min), the FBF response to ACh in hypertensive patients increased significantly (14.8 +/- 4.6 to 25.6 +/- 7.3 mL/min/100 mL tissue, P < .05) to the level of normal control subjects. In the control subjects, also, BH4 augmented the FBF response to ACh (27.8 +/- 8.7 to 36.1 +/- 9.6 mL/min/100 mL tissue, P < .05). The increase in FBF after ISDN was not altered by BH4 in either group (each group, n = 6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation of BH4 augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in both normotensive and hypertensive individuals.
authors: First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan. yhigashi@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Yukihito
authors: Y
authors: Higashi
authors: Shota
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: Keigo
authors: K
authors: Nakagawa
authors: Yukihiro
authors: Y
authors: Fukuda
authors: Hideo
authors: H
authors: Matsuura
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Oshima
authors: Kazuaki
authors: K
authors: Chayama
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001708:Biopterins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C003402:sapropterin; D000109:Acetylcholine