title: Nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a mother to her preterm quadruplet infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient-to-patient transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) has been well described. We report the first documented outbreak of probable transmission of MRSA from a mother to 3 of her preterm quadruplet infants postnatally.
  
  
  METHODS
  Routine surveillance of clinical microbiologic laboratory reports revealed an increased incidence of MRSA infections in our NICU, including 3 of 4 preterm quadruplets. Surveillance cultures of the anterior nares of all patients and the quadruplets' parents were performed to detect MRSA carriage. The isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with the restriction endonuclease SmaI. Infection control strategies included mupirocin treatment and contact isolation precautions for infected/colonized infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical cultures from infants A, C, and D and surveillance cultures of the quadruplets' mother and 2 additional unrelated infants grew the same clone of MRSA. The mother's only identified risk factors for MRSA acquisition were 2 prepartum hospitalizations related to the multiple gestation and previous treatment with antibiotics. All anterior nares cultures were negative for MRSA after mupirocin treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of gowns and gloves by the family members of women with multiple gestations should be recommended to prevent transmission of potential pathogens in the NICU.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors: Anne-Sophie
authors: AS
authors: Morel
authors: Fann
authors: F
authors: Wu
authors: Phyllis
authors: P
authors: Della-Latta
authors: Alicia
authors: A
authors: Cronquist
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Rubenstein
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Saiman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002353:Carrier State; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D017053:Infection Control; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D011783:Quadruplets; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D016712:Mupirocin