title: Combined effect of ACE inhibitor and exercise training on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a combined treatment of ACE inhibitor and exercise training is more effective than either treatment alone in alleviating the insulin resistant states in the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat, a model of type 2 diabetes. OLETF rats (25 weeks old) were randomly divided into 5 groups; sedentary control, exercise-trained, temocapril (ACE inhibitor; 2 mg/kg/day)-treated, with and without exercise, and losartan (AT1 receptor antagonist; 1 mg/kg/day)-treated. Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats were used as a non-diabetic control. Body weight, the amount of abdominal fat and blood pressure were higher for OLETF rats than for control rats. However, glucose infusion rate (GIR), an index of insulin resistance, was decreased greatly in OLETF rats. The fasting levels of blood glucose, insulin and lipids were also increased in the diabetic strain. In OLETF rats, both temocapril and losartan reversed hypertensive states significantly, whereas GIR and hyperlipidemia were improved when rats were treated with ACE inhibitors, but not with the AT1 receptor antagonist. Exercise training decreased body weight and the amount of abdominal fat, and also increased GIR in parallel with improved dislipidemia. The combination of the ACE inhibitor with exercise training also improved obesity, hyperinsulinemia, dislipidemia and fasting level of blood glucose, and this combination resulted in the greatest improvement of insulin resistance. These results suggest that the combination of ACE inhibitor and exercise training may be a beneficial treatment for mixed diabetic and hypertensive conditions.
authors: Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Japan.
authors: Nagakatsu
authors: N
authors: Harada
authors: Eiko
authors: E
authors: Takishita
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Ishimura
authors: Asako
authors: A
authors: Minami
authors: Sadaichi
authors: S
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Nakaya
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013841:Thiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013841:Thiazepines; C055603:temocapril hydrochloride