title: Increased expression of lymphocyte-derived cytokines in benign hyperplastic prostate tissue, identification of the producing cell types, and effect of differentially expressed cytokines on stromal cell proliferation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) frequently exhibit infiltration of CD4 (+)/CD45RO (+) memory-T-lymphocytes. Expression and impact of lymphocyte-derived growth factors on prostatic stromal cell (PSC) growth were investigated. METHODS; Lymphokine synthesis in normal prostate tissues (n = 3), BPH-tissues (n = 13), BPH-derived T-cells (n = 6), BPH-derived epithelial cells (BPH-EC) (n = 5), normal prostate-derived (n = 3) and BPH-derived stromal cell lines (BPH-SC) (n = 6), and prostate cancer (CaP) lines (n = 3) was analyzed by RT-PCR and Southern-blotting. The effect of interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -7, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on normal and BPH-SC growth was investigated by (3)H-thymidine incorporation assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All BPH-tissues and, to a lesser degree, normal prostates, expressed significant amounts of IFN-gamma mRNA. However, only BPH-tissues contained IL-2 and IL-4 mRNA (ratio: 10:13). BPH-T-cell lines were heterogeneous in composition and expressed significant amounts of IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 mRNA. Low level expression of these lymphokines was also observed in BPH-EC, CaP lines, and PSC lines. IL-2, -7 and IFN-gamma stimulated the proliferation of BPH-PSC lines but not that of normal PSC, while IL-4 inhibited BPH-PSC growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic inflammation may induce an increased growth pattern of fibromuscular tissue in BPH similar to that of wound healing.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Gero
authors: G
authors: Kramer
authors: Georg E
authors: GE
authors: Steiner
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Handisurya
authors: Ursula
authors: U
authors: Stix
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Haitel
authors: Birgit
authors: B
authors: Knerer
authors: Alois
authors: A
authors: Gessl
authors: Chung
authors: C
authors: Lee
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Marberger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002455:Cell Division; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015851:Interleukin-7; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma