title: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in arrhythmias: a rapid and systematic review of effectiveness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in the management of risk factors for sudden cardiac death.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review of randomised controlled trials identified from searching eight electronic databases, bibliographies of relevant studies, and consulting experts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Absolute and relative reduction in mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. These showed changes in absolute risk of total mortality ranging from +1.7% to -22.8% (relative risk reductions -7% to +54%). Estimated benefits from ICD treatment compared with conventional drug treatment at three years were 0.23 to 0.80 additional years of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence suggests that ICDs reduce total mortality in particular subgroups of patients at high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The optimal strategy for identifying the patients who could benefit most is not clearly established. Ongoing trials into the treatment of cardiac failure with ICDs may provide further evidence about subgroups in whom ICDs are most cost effective.
authors: University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. jules@soton.ac.uk
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Parkes
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Bryant
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Milne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome