Soft-tissue response to silicone and poly-L-lactic acid implants with a periodic or random surface micropattern.
Tissue reaction to biomaterials is dependent on properties such as surface topography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue reaction around implants with different surface topographies. We made coin-shaped silicone and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) implants with double-sided parallel microgrooves (depth 1.0 microm; width 10.0 microm) and random roughness on a micrometer scale. The control implants were smooth. These implants were inserted into subcutaneous pockets created on the flanks of goats. After 1, 3, or 12 weeks, the goats were sacrificed and the implants retrieved and histologically processed. Light microscopic evaluation revealed the formation of fibrous tissue capsules around all implant materials. The PLLA did not visibly degrade during the study period. Histomorphometric analyses were performed on capsule thickness, capsule quality, and on the implant-tissue interface quality. Compared with the silicone implants, the capsules around the PLLA implants showed significantly better capsule quality. Compared to the smooth implants, the capsules around the microgrooved implants were thicker, but the capsules around the roughened implants were thinner. However, randomly roughened implant surfaces generally elicited a stronger and more prolonged inflammatory reaction compared to smooth and microgrooved implant surfaces. We conclude that the application of microgrooves or random surface roughness to polymer implants apparently does not have beneficial effects on peri-implant tissue healing.
Parker
J A T C
JA
University Medical Center Nijmegen, College of Dental Science, Department of Biomaterials, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
Walboomers
X F
XF
Von den Hoff
J W
JW
Maltha
J C
JC
Jansen
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction; D006041:Goats; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011897:Random Allocation; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D013499:Surface Properties
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D012828:Silicones; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)