title: Isopropyl alcohol inhalation: alternative treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanisms for postoperative nausea and vomiting are numerous and pathways not well elucidated. Although many medications have been developed to help prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting, the search for better approaches to recovery treatment continues.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) inhalation for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting for patients who have general anesthesia for a surgical procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were recruited from an urban hospital on the East Coast of the United States. Participants were assigned to an experimental or control group and IPA inhalation was compared to the standard anti-emetic treatment for rescue treatment in the immediate postoperative period. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was rated using a descriptive ordinal scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of this study show IPA to be effective and that there was no significant difference between the standard treatment protocol and treatment with IPA. Treatment with IPA was significantly more cost effective than standard drug treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further research is recommended to evaluate the length of effectiveness, standard dose needed, most effective mode of inhalation, and factors blocking IPA effectiveness.
authors: Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. jasinkd@georgetown.edu
authors: Bret A
authors: BA
authors: Merritt
authors: Charles P
authors: CP
authors: Okyere
authors: Donna M
authors: DM
authors: Jasinski
mesh_terms: D019840:2-Propanol / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016527:Drug Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D019840:2-Propanol